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Kim B, Park YY, Lee JH. CXCL10 promotes melanoma angiogenesis and tumor growth. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2024; 28:453-465. [PMID: 39268223 PMCID: PMC11391877 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2024.2402024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of CXC motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) in melanoma patients has been found to be associated with melanoma progression. However, the role of endogenous CXCL10 from the host in melanoma tumor growth remains unclear. In the present study, we found that host-derived endogenous CXCL10 production was dramatically augmented during subcutaneous B16F10 melanoma tumor growth and that host ablation of CXCL10 in Cxcl10-/- mice showed a decrease in both angiogenesis and tumor growth of B16F10 melanoma in vivo. Several signaling pathways involved in production of pro-angiogenic factors and tumor growth were activated by CXCL10 in B16F10 melanoma cells. CXCL10 increased expression of pro-angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor subunit-B (PDGF-B), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and angiopoietin 2 (Angpt2), in B16F10 melanoma cells, resulting in enhanced tube formation and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro. In addition, CXCL10 directly enhanced B16F10 melanoma tumor growth in an in vitro three-dimensional cell culture system. Together, our findings reveal that amplified host-derived endogenous CXCL10 is critical for B16F10 melanoma angiogenesis and tumor growth. Therefore, CXCL10 might represent a therapeutic target for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongjun Kim
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yun-Yong Park
- Department of life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Lee
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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2
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Zhang J, Su J, Zhou Y, Lu J. Evaluating the efficacy and safety of trebananib in treating ovarian cancer and non-ovarian cancer patients: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2024; 24:881-891. [PMID: 38970210 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2024.2377793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Due to its anti-angiogenic properties, trebananib is frequently employed in the treatment of cancer patients, particularly those with ovarian cancer. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety profile of trebananib in combination with other drugs for treating both ovarian and non-ovarian cancer patients. METHODS Our search encompassed PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, and Embase databases, with a focus on evaluating study quality. Data extraction was conducted from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and RevMan 5.3 facilitated result analysis. RESULTS Combining trebananib with other drugs extended progression-free survival (PFS) [HR 0.81, (95%CI: 0.65, 0.99), p = 0.04] and overall survival (OS) [HR 0.88, (95%CI: 0.79, 1.00), p = 0.04] in ovarian cancer patients. Ovarian cancer patients exhibited a higher objective response rate (ORR) with trebananib compared to non-ovarian cancer cohorts. Moreover, the incorporation of trebananib into the standard treatment regimen for malignant tumors did not significantly elevate drug-related adverse events [RR 1.05, (95% CI: 1.00, 1.11), p = 0.05]. CONCLUSION Trebananib plus other drugs can improve the PFS, OS and ORR in patients with cancer, especially ovarian cancer. Our recommendation is to use trebananib plus other drugs to treat advanced cancer, and to continuously monitor and manage drug-related adverse events. REGISTRATION PROSPERO (No. CRD42023466988).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingyang Su
- Department of General internal medicine, Tongde Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yeyue Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Lu
- Department of Oncology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
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3
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Robertson BM, Fane ME, Weeraratna AT, Rebecca VW. Determinants of resistance and response to melanoma therapy. NATURE CANCER 2024; 5:964-982. [PMID: 39020103 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-024-00794-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is among the most enigmatic advanced cancers to clinically manage despite immense progress in the way of available therapeutic options and historic decreases in the melanoma mortality rate. Most patients with metastatic melanoma treated with modern targeted therapies (for example, BRAFV600E/K inhibitors) and/or immune checkpoint blockade (for example, anti-programmed death 1 therapy) will progress, owing to profound tumor cell plasticity fueled by genetic and nongenetic mechanisms and dichotomous host microenvironmental influences. Here we discuss the determinants of tumor heterogeneity, mechanisms of therapy resistance and effective therapy regimens that hold curative promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey M Robertson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mitchell E Fane
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashani T Weeraratna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vito W Rebecca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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4
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Roesler J, Spitzer D, Jia X, Aasen SN, Sommer K, Roller B, Olshausen N, Hebach NR, Albinger N, Ullrich E, Zhu L, Wang F, Macas J, Forster MT, Steinbach JP, Sevenich L, Devraj K, Thorsen F, Karreman MA, Plate KH, Reiss Y, Harter PN. Disturbance in cerebral blood microcirculation and hypoxic-ischemic microenvironment are associated with the development of brain metastasis. Neuro Oncol 2024:noae094. [PMID: 38831719 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noae094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases (BM) constitute an increasing challenge in oncology due to their impact on neurological function, limited treatment options, and poor prognosis. BM occur through extravasation of circulating tumor cells across the blood-brain barrier. However, the extravasation processes are still poorly understood. We here propose a brain colonization process which mimics infarction-like microenvironmental reactions, that is dependent on Angiopoietin (Ang-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In this study, intracardiac BM models were used, and cerebral blood microcirculation was monitored by 2-photon microscopy through a cranial window. BM formation was observed using cranial magnetic resonance, bioluminescent imaging, and post-mortem autopsy. Ang-2/VEGF targeting strategies and Ang-2 gain-of-function (GOF) mice were employed to interfere with BM formation. In addition, vascular and stromal factors as well as clinical outcome were analyzed in BM patients. Blood vessel occlusions by cancer cells were detected, accompanied by significant disturbances of cerebral blood microcirculation, and focal stroke-like histological signs. Cerebral endothelial cells showed an elevated Ang-2 expression both in mouse and human BM. Ang-2 GOF resulted in an increased BM burden. Combined anti-Ang-2/anti-VEGF therapy led to a decrease in brain metastasis size and number. Ang-2 expression in tumor vessels of established human brain metastases negatively correlated with survival. Our observations revealed a relationship between disturbance of cerebral blood microcirculation and brain metastasis formation. This suggests that vessel occlusion by tumor cells facilitates brain metastatic extravasation and seeding, while combined inhibition of microenvironmental effects of Ang-2 and VEGF prevent the outgrowth of macrometastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Roesler
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Spitzer
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Xiaoxiong Jia
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt, Germany
- Neurosurgery Department, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Synnøve Nymark Aasen
- Department of Oncology and Medical Physics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biomedicine, Kristian Gerhard Jebsen Brain Tumour Research Centre, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kathleen Sommer
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bastian Roller
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt, Germany
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Dr. Senckenberg Institute for Neurooncology, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Niels Olshausen
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nils R Hebach
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nawid Albinger
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Experimental Immunology and Cell Therapy, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Evelyn Ullrich
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Experimental Immunology and Cell Therapy, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ling Zhu
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Fan Wang
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jadranka Macas
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marie-Therese Forster
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Joachim P Steinbach
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Dr. Senckenberg Institute for Neurooncology, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Sevenich
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kavi Devraj
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Frits Thorsen
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Matthia A Karreman
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl H Plate
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Reiss
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick N Harter
- Goethe University, University Hospital, Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians- Universität München, Munich, Germany
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5
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Lei W, Xu H, Yao H, Li L, Wang M, Zhou X, Liu X. 5α-Hydroxycostic acid inhibits choroidal neovascularization in rats through a dual signalling pathway mediated by VEGF and angiopoietin 2. Mol Med 2023; 29:151. [PMID: 37914992 PMCID: PMC10621151 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00674-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 5α-Hydroxycostic acid is a eudemane sesquiterpene that is isolated from the natural plant, Laggera alata. It exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects on human breast cancer cells, but its role and underlying mechanism in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) are still unclear. We conducted a study to verify that 5α-Hydroxycostic acid can inhibit the formation and leakage of CNV, and describe the possible dual pathway by which it exerts its inhibitory effects in this process. METHODS An in vitro model of choroidal neovascularization was established using VEGF164, while a rat model of choroidal neovascularization was established using a 532 nm laser. In both models, the effects of 5α-Hydroxycostic acid in vivo and in vitro were evaluated to determine its inhibitory effect on abnormal cell proliferation, migration and tubule formation, as well as its effect on pathological changes in choroidal tissues and the area of neovascularization leakage in rats. The levels of components in the VEGF/VEGFR and Ang2/Tie2 signaling pathways were measured in tissues and cells. RESULTS In vitro experiments have shown that 5α-Hydroxycostic acid can inhibit abnormal cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. Additionally, 5α-Hydroxycostic acid enhances cell adhesion by inhibiting the phosphorylation pathways of VEGFR2 and Tie2. In vivo experiments demonstrated that 5α-Hydroxycostic acid has a positive therapeutic effect on choroidal neovascularization in rats. It can effectively reduce vascular leakage, consistent with the results of the cell experiments. CONCLUSION 5α-Hydroxycostic acid can inhibit choroidal neovascularization by interfering with the VEGF- and Ang2/Tie2-related pathways, and it may be a good candidate drug for treating CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulong Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Hao Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Lanjiao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Menglei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xiyuan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
| | - Xueqin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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6
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Hosaka K, Andersson P, Wu J, He X, Du Q, Jing X, Seki T, Gao J, Zhang Y, Sun X, Huang P, Yang Y, Ge M, Cao Y. KRAS mutation-driven angiopoietin 2 bestows anti-VEGF resistance in epithelial carcinomas. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303740120. [PMID: 37428914 PMCID: PMC10629547 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303740120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Defining reliable surrogate markers and overcoming drug resistance are the most challenging issues for improving therapeutic outcomes of antiangiogenic drugs (AADs) in cancer patients. At the time of this writing, no biomarkers are clinically available to predict AAD therapeutic benefits and drug resistance. Here, we uncovered a unique mechanism of AAD resistance in epithelial carcinomas with KRAS mutations that targeted angiopoietin 2 (ANG2) to circumvent antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) responses. Mechanistically, KRAS mutations up-regulated the FOXC2 transcription factor that directly elevated ANG2 expression at the transcriptional level. ANG2 bestowed anti-VEGF resistance as an alternative pathway to augment VEGF-independent tumor angiogenesis. Most colorectal and pancreatic cancers with KRAS mutations were intrinsically resistant to monotherapies of anti-VEGF or anti-ANG2 drugs. However, combination therapy with anti-VEGF and anti-ANG2 drugs produced synergistic and potent anticancer effects in KRAS-mutated cancers. Together, these data demonstrate that KRAS mutations in tumors serve as a predictive marker for anti-VEGF resistance and are susceptible to combination therapy with anti-VEGF and anti-ANG2 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayoko Hosaka
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm171 65, Sweden
| | - Patrik Andersson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm171 65, Sweden
| | - Jieyu Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm171 65, Sweden
| | - Xingkang He
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm171 65, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310016, China
| | - Qiqiao Du
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm171 65, Sweden
| | - Xu Jing
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm171 65, Sweden
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm171 65, Sweden
| | - Juan Gao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm171 65, Sweden
| | - Yin Zhang
- School of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong264003, China
| | - Xiaoting Sun
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm171 65, Sweden
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vison and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou325024, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou310053, China
| | - Yunlong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai200032, China
| | - Minghua Ge
- Department of Head, Neck and Thyroid Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou31003, China
| | - Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm171 65, Sweden
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7
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Koroknai V, Szász I, Balázs M. Gene Expression Changes in Cytokine and Chemokine Receptors in Association with Melanoma Liver Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108901. [PMID: 37240247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines and chemokines (chemotactic cytokines) are soluble extracellular proteins that bind to specific receptors and play an integral role in the cell-to-cell signaling network. In addition, they can promote the homing of cancer cells into different organs. We investigated the potential relationship between human hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (HHSECs) and several melanoma cell lines for the expression of chemokine and cytokine ligands and receptor expression during the invasion of melanoma cells. In order to identify differences in gene expression related to invasion, we selected invasive and non-invasive subpopulations of cells after co-culturing with HHSECs and identified the gene expression patterns of 88 chemokine/cytokine receptors in all cell lines. Cell lines with stable invasiveness and cell lines with increased invasiveness displayed distinct profiles of receptor genes. Cell lines with increased invasive capacity after culturing with conditioned medium showed a set of receptor genes (CXCR1, IL1RL1, IL1RN, IL3RA, IL8RA, IL11RA, IL15RA, IL17RC, and IL17RD) with significantly different expressions. It is very important to emphasize that we detected significantly higher IL11RA gene expression in primary melanoma tissues with liver metastasis as well, compared to those without metastasis. In addition, we assessed protein expression in endothelial cells before and after co-culturing them with melanoma cell lines by applying chemokine and cytokine proteome arrays. This analysis revealed 15 differentially expressed proteins (including CD31, VCAM-1, ANGPT2, CXCL8, and CCL20) in the hepatic endothelial cells after co-culture with melanoma cells. Our results clearly indicate the interaction between liver endothelial and melanoma cells. Furthermore, we assume that overexpression of the IL11RA gene may play a key role in organ-specific metastasis of primary melanoma cells to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Koroknai
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Public Health Research Group, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Szász
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Public Health Research Group, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Margit Balázs
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Public Health Research Group, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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8
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Ziogas DC, Theocharopoulos C, Koutouratsas T, Haanen J, Gogas H. Mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma: What we have to overcome? Cancer Treat Rev 2023; 113:102499. [PMID: 36542945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Marching into the second decade after the approval of ipilimumab, it is clear that immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically improved the prognosis of melanoma. Although the current edge is already high, with a 4-year OS% of 77.9% for adjuvant nivolumab and a 6.5-year OS% of 49% for nivolumab/ipilimumab combination in the metastatic setting, a high proportion of patients with advanced melanoma have no benefit from immunotherapy, or experience an early disease relapse/progression in the first few months of treatment, surviving much less. Reasonably, the primary and acquired resistance to ICIs has entered into the focus of clinical research with positive (e.g., nivolumab and relatlimab combination) and negative feedbacks (e.g., nivolumab with pegylated-IL2, pembrolizumab with T-VEC, nivolumab with epacadostat, and combinatorial triplets of BRAF/MEK inhibitors with immunotherapy). Many intrinsic (intracellular or intra-tumoral) but also extrinsic (systematic) events are considered to be involved in the development of this resistance to ICIs: i) melanoma cell immunogenicity (e.g., tumor mutational burden, antigen-processing machinery and immunogenic cell death, neoantigen affinity and heterogeneity, genomic instability, melanoma dedifferentiation and phenotypic plasticity), ii) immune cell trafficking, T-cell priming, and cell death evasion, iii) melanoma neovascularization, cellular TME components(e.g., Tregs, CAFs) and extracellular matrix modulation, iv) metabolic antagonism in the TME(highly glycolytic status, upregulated CD39/CD73/adenosine pathway, iDO-dependent tryptophan catabolism), v) T-cell exhaustion and negative immune checkpoints, and vi) gut microbiota. In the present overview, we discuss how these parameters compromise the efficacy of ICIs, with an emphasis on the lessons learned by the latest melanoma studies; and in parallel, we describe the main ongoing approaches to overcome the resistance to immunotherapy. Summarizing this information will improve the understanding of how these complicated dynamics contribute to immune escape and will help to develop more effective strategies on how anti-tumor immunity can surpass existing barriers of ICI-refractory melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios C Ziogas
- First Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | - Charalampos Theocharopoulos
- First Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | - Tilemachos Koutouratsas
- First Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | - John Haanen
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Helen Gogas
- First Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
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9
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Caffarel MM, Braza MS. Microglia and metastases to the central nervous system: victim, ravager, or something else? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:327. [PMID: 36411434 PMCID: PMC9677912 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02535-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) metastases are a major cause of death in patients with cancer. Tumor cells must survive during their migration and dissemination in various sites and niches. The brain is considered an immunological sanctuary site, and thus the safest place for metastasis establishment. The risk of brain metastases is highest in patients with melanoma, lung, or breast cancers. In the CNS, metastatic cancer cells exploit the activity of different non-tumoral cell types in the brain microenvironment to create a new niche and to support their proliferation and survival. Among these cells, microglia (the brain resident macrophages) display an exceptional role in immune surveillance and tumor clearance. However, upon recruitment to the metastatic site, depending on the microenvironment context and disease conditions, microglia might be turned into tumor-supportive or -unsupportive cells. Recent single-cell 'omic' analyses have contributed to clarify microglia functional and spatial heterogeneity during tumor development and metastasis formation in the CNS. This review summarizes findings on microglia heterogeneity from classical studies to the new single-cell omics. We discuss i) how microglia interact with metastatic cancer cells in the unique brain tumor microenvironment; ii) the microglia classical M1-M2 binary concept and its limitations; and iii) single-cell omic findings that help to understand human and mouse microglia heterogeneity (core sensomes) and to describe the multi-context-dependent microglia functions in metastases to the CNS. We then propose ways to exploit microglia plasticity for brain metastasis treatment depending on the microenvironment profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M. Caffarel
- grid.432380.eBiodonostia Health Research Institute, Basque Country, Spain ,grid.424810.b0000 0004 0467 2314Ikarbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Mounia S. Braza
- grid.432380.eBiodonostia Health Research Institute, Basque Country, Spain ,grid.424810.b0000 0004 0467 2314Ikarbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Basque Country, Spain ,grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY USA
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10
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Yang S, Zou X, Li J, Yang H, Zhang A, Zhu Y, Zhu L, Zhang L. Immunoregulation and clinical significance of neutrophils/NETs-ANGPT2 in tumor microenvironment of gastric cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1010434. [PMID: 36172371 PMCID: PMC9512293 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although significant progress has been made in the study of gastric cancer (GC), clinicians lack reliable protein markers for accurate diagnosis and tumor stratification. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are networks of extracellular fibers composed of DNA from neutrophils. We have previously reported that abundant NETs are deposited in GC, damaging human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and triggering the release of tissue factors, leading to a hypercoagulable state in GC. However, the specific effects of NETs on HUVECs are unclear. We aimed to explore the functional changes caused by NETs on HUVECs, providing evidence that NETs may fuel GC progression. Through quantitative proteomics, we identified 6182 differentially expressed proteins in NET-stimulated HUVECs by TMT. The reliability of the TMT technique was confirmed by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) analysis of 17 differentially expressed proteins. Through bioinformatics analysis, we found that NETs upregulate ANGPT2 in HUVECs. We comprehensively analyzed the prognosis, biological function, immune response, and therapeutic value of ANGPT2 in GC. We found that overexpression of ANGPT2 in GC is associated with poor prognosis and potentially regulates multiple biological functions. At the same time, ANGPT2 also predicted immunotherapeutic and chemotherapeutic responses in GC. In conclusion, NETs promoted ANGPT2 overexpression in the GC microenvironment. In the future, the neutrophil/NETs-ANGPT2 axis may provide a new target for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoming Zou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoming Zou, ; Jiacheng Li,
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoming Zou, ; Jiacheng Li,
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ange Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yanli Zhu
- Key laboratory of Microecology-immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lisha Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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11
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Marguier A, Laheurte C, Lecoester B, Malfroy M, Boullerot L, Renaudin A, Seffar E, Kumar A, Nardin C, Aubin F, Adotevi O. TIE-2 Signaling Activation by Angiopoietin 2 On Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Promotes Melanoma-Specific T-cell Inhibition. Front Immunol 2022; 13:932298. [PMID: 35935946 PMCID: PMC9353943 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.932298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of immune suppressive cells detected in several human cancers. In this study, we investigated the features and immune suppressive function of a novel subset of monocytic MDSC overexpressing TIE-2 (TIE-2+ M-MDSC), the receptor for the pro-angiogenic factor angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2). We showed that patients with melanoma exhibited a higher circulating rate of TIE-2+ M-MDSCs, especially in advanced stages, as compared to healthy donors. The distribution of the TIE-2+ M-MDSC rate toward the melanoma stage correlated with the serum level of ANGPT2. TIE-2+ M-MDSC from melanoma patients overexpressed immune suppressive molecules such as PD-L1, CD73, TGF-β, and IL-10, suggesting a highly immunosuppressive phenotype. The exposition of these cells to ANGPT2 increased the expression of most of these molecules, mainly Arginase 1. Hence, we observed a profound impairment of melanoma-specific T-cell responses in patients harboring high levels of TIE-2+ M-MDSC along with ANGPT2. This was confirmed by in vitro experiments indicating that the addition of ANGPT2 increased the ability of TIE-2+ M-MDSC to suppress antitumor T-cell function. Furthermore, by using TIE-2 kinase-specific inhibitors such as regorafenib or rebastinib, we demonstrated that an active TIE-2 signaling was required for optimal suppressive activity of these cells after ANGPT2 exposition. Collectively, these results support that TIE-2+ M-MDSC/ANGPT2 axis represents a potential immune escape mechanism in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Marguier
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Caroline Laheurte
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
- INSERM CIC-1431, Clinical Investigation Center in Biotherapy, Plateforme de Biomonitoring, Besançon, France
| | - Benoît Lecoester
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Marine Malfroy
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Laura Boullerot
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
- INSERM CIC-1431, Clinical Investigation Center in Biotherapy, Plateforme de Biomonitoring, Besançon, France
| | - Adeline Renaudin
- INSERM CIC-1431, Clinical Investigation Center in Biotherapy, Plateforme de Biomonitoring, Besançon, France
| | - Evan Seffar
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
| | - Charlée Nardin
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - François Aubin
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Olivier Adotevi
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Besançon, France
- INSERM CIC-1431, Clinical Investigation Center in Biotherapy, Plateforme de Biomonitoring, Besançon, France
- Service Oncologie médicale, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
- *Correspondence: Olivier Adotevi,
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12
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Circulating proteins as predictive and prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer. Clin Proteomics 2022; 19:25. [PMID: 35818030 PMCID: PMC9275040 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-022-09362-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer and among the leading causes of cancer death in women. It is a heterogeneous group of tumours with numerous morphological and molecular subtypes, making predictions of disease evolution and patient outcomes difficult. Therefore, biomarkers are needed to help clinicians choose the best treatment for each patient. For the last years, studies have increasingly focused on biomarkers obtainable by liquid biopsy. Circulating proteins (from serum or plasma) can be used for inexpensive and minimally invasive determination of disease risk, early diagnosis, treatment adjusting, prognostication and disease progression monitoring. We provide here a review of the main published studies on serum proteins in breast cancer and elaborate on the potential of circulating proteins to be predictive and/or prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer.
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13
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GEINDREAU M, BRUCHARD M, VEGRAN F. Role of Cytokines and Chemokines in Angiogenesis in a Tumor Context. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102446. [PMID: 35626056 PMCID: PMC9139472 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumor growth in solid cancers requires adequate nutrient and oxygen supply, provided by blood vessels created by angiogenesis. Numerous studies have demonstrated that this mechanism plays a crucial role in cancer development and appears to be a well-defined hallmark of cancer. This process is carefully regulated, notably by cytokines with pro-angiogenic or anti-angiogenic features. In this review, we will discuss the role of cytokines in the modulation of angiogenesis. In addition, we will summarize the therapeutic approaches based on cytokine modulation and their clinical approval. Abstract During carcinogenesis, tumors set various mechanisms to help support their development. Angiogenesis is a crucial process for cancer development as it drives the creation of blood vessels within the tumor. These newly formed blood vessels insure the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the tumor, helping its growth. The main factors that regulate angiogenesis are the five members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family. Angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer and has been the target of new therapies this past few years. However, angiogenesis is a complex phenomenon with many redundancy pathways that ensure its maintenance. In this review, we will first describe the consecutive steps forming angiogenesis, as well as its classical regulators. We will then discuss how the cytokines and chemokines present in the tumor microenvironment can induce or block angiogenesis. Finally, we will focus on the therapeutic arsenal targeting angiogenesis in cancer and the challenges they have to overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mannon GEINDREAU
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; (M.G.); (M.B.)
- CRI INSERM UMR1231 ‘Lipids, Nutrition and Cancer’ Team CAdiR, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mélanie BRUCHARD
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; (M.G.); (M.B.)
- CRI INSERM UMR1231 ‘Lipids, Nutrition and Cancer’ Team CAdiR, 21000 Dijon, France
- Centre Georges-François Leclerc, UNICANCER, 21000 Dijon, France
- LipSTIC Labex, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Frédérique VEGRAN
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France; (M.G.); (M.B.)
- CRI INSERM UMR1231 ‘Lipids, Nutrition and Cancer’ Team CAdiR, 21000 Dijon, France
- Centre Georges-François Leclerc, UNICANCER, 21000 Dijon, France
- LipSTIC Labex, 21000 Dijon, France
- Correspondence:
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14
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The natural compound atraric acid suppresses androgen-regulated neo-angiogenesis of castration-resistant prostate cancer through angiopoietin 2. Oncogene 2022; 41:3263-3277. [PMID: 35513564 PMCID: PMC9166678 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02333-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is an aggressive lethal form of prostate cancer (PCa). Atraric acid (AA) not only inhibits the wild-type androgen receptor (AR) but also those AR mutants that confer therapy resistance to other clinically used AR antagonists, indicating a different mode of AR antagonism. AA induces cellular senescence and inhibits CRPC tumour growth in in vivo xenograft mouse model associated with reduced neo-angiogenesis suggesting the repression of intratumoural neo-angiogenesis by AA. In line with this, the secretome of CRPC cells mediates neo-angiogenesis in an androgen-dependent manner, which is counteracted by AA. This was confirmed by two in vitro models using primary human endothelial cells. Transcriptome sequencing revealed upregulated angiogenic pathways by androgen, being however VEGF-independent, and pointing to the pro-angiogenic factor angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2) as a key driver of neo-angiogenesis induced by androgens and repressed by AA. In agreement with this, AA treatment of native patient-derived PCa tumour samples ex vivo inhibits ANGPT2 expression. Mechanistically, in addition to AA, immune-depletion of ANGPT2 from secretome or blocking ANGPT2-receptors inhibits androgen-induced angiogenesis. Taken together, we reveal a VEGF-independent ANGPT2-mediated angiogenic pathway that is inhibited by AA leading to repression of androgen-regulated neo-angiogenesis.
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15
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Awwad L, Aronheim A. Cardiac Dysfunction Promotes Cancer Progression via Multiple Secreted Factors. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1753-1761. [PMID: 35260887 PMCID: PMC9359722 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-2463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure and cancer are the leading cause of deaths worldwide. While heart failure and cancer have been considered separate diseases, it is becoming evident that they are highly connected and affect each other's outcomes. Recent studies using experimental mouse models have suggested that heart failure promotes tumor progression. The mouse models used involve major irreversible surgery. Here, we induced heart hypertrophy via expression of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in cardiomyocytes, followed by cancer cells' implantation. Tumors developing in ATF3-transgenic mice grew larger and displayed a more highly metastatic phenotype compared with tumors in wild-type mice. To address whether ATF3 expression or the cardiac outcome are necessary for tumor progression, ATF3 expression was turned off after cardiac hypertrophy development followed by cancer cell implantation. The tumor promotion phenotype and the enhancement of metastatic properties were preserved, suggesting that the failing heart per se is sufficient to promote tumor progression. Serum derived from ATF3-transgenic mice enhanced cancer cell proliferation and increased cancer cell metastatic properties in vitro. Using a cytokine array panel, multiple factors responsible for promoting tumor cell proliferation and the metastatic phenotype were identified. Interestingly, the failing heart and the tumor separately and simultaneously contributed to higher levels of these factors in the serum as well as other tissues and organs. These data suggest the existence of intimate cross-talk between the hypertrophied heart and the tumor that is mediated by secreted factors, leading to cancer promotion and disease deterioration. SIGNIFICANCE This work highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of heart failure prior to reaching the irreversible stage that can exacerbate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ami Aronheim
- Corresponding Author: Ami Aronheim, Israel Institute of Technology, 7th Efron St. Bat-Galim, PO Box 9649, Haifa 31096, Israel. Phone: 972-4829-5454; Fax: 972-4829-5225; E-mail:
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16
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Maldonado F, Morales D, Díaz-Papapietro C, Valdés C, Fernandez C, Valls N, Lazo M, Espinoza C, González R, Gutiérrez R, Jara Á, Romero C, Cerda O, Cáceres M. Relationship Between Endothelial and Angiogenesis Biomarkers Envisage Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of COVID-19 Patients Requiring Respiratory Support. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:826218. [PMID: 35372407 PMCID: PMC8966493 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.826218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Endothelial damage and angiogenesis are fundamental elements of neovascularisation and fibrosis observed in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we aimed to evaluate whether early endothelial and angiogenic biomarkers detection predicts mortality and major cardiovascular events in patients with COVID-19 requiring respiratory support. Methods Changes in serum syndecan-1, thrombomodulin, and angiogenic factor concentrations were analysed during the first 24 h and 10 days after COVID-19 hospitalisation in patients with high-flow nasal oxygen or mechanical ventilation. Also, we performed an exploratory evaluation of the endothelial migration process induced by COVID-19 in the patients' serum using an endothelial cell culture model. Results In 43 patients, mean syndecan-1 concentration was 40.96 ± 106.9 ng/mL with a 33.9% increase (49.96 ± 58.1 ng/mL) at day 10. Both increases were significant compared to healthy controls (Kruskal–Wallis p < 0.0001). We observed an increase in thrombomodulin, Angiopoietin-2, human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) concentrations during the first 24 h, with a decrease in human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) that remained after 10 days. An increase in human Interleukin-8 (IL-8) on the 10th day accompanied by high HGF was also noted. The incidence of myocardial injury and pulmonary thromboembolism was 55.8 and 20%, respectively. The incidence of in-hospital deaths was 16.3%. Biomarkers showed differences in severity of COVID-19. Syndecan-1, human platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), VEGF, and Ang-2 predicted mortality. A multiple logistic regression model with TIMP-2 and PDGF had positive and negative predictive powers of 80.9 and 70%, respectively, for mortality. None of the biomarkers predicted myocardial injury or pulmonary thromboembolism. A proteome profiler array found changes in concentration in a large number of biomarkers of angiogenesis and chemoattractants. Finally, the serum samples from COVID-19 patients increased cell migration compared to that from healthy individuals. Conclusion We observed that early endothelial and angiogenic biomarkers predicted mortality in patients with COVID-19. Chemoattractants from patients with COVID-19 increase the migration of endothelial cells. Trials are needed for confirmation, as this poses a therapeutic target for SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Maldonado
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Morales
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina Díaz-Papapietro
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina Valdés
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian Fernandez
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolas Valls
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marioli Lazo
- Critical Care Unit, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Espinoza
- Emergency Department, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto González
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Gutiérrez
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Investigación Clínica Avanzada, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Álvaro Jara
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Romero
- Critical Care Unit, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Oscar Cerda
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mónica Cáceres
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
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17
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Karabid NM, Wiedemann T, Gulde S, Mohr H, Segaran RC, Geppert J, Rohm M, Vitale G, Gaudenzi G, Dicitore A, Ankerst DP, Chen Y, Braren R, Kaissis G, Schilling F, Schillmaier M, Eisenhofer G, Herzig S, Roncaroli F, Honegger JB, Pellegata NS. Angpt2/Tie2 autostimulatory loop controls tumorigenesis. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e14364. [PMID: 35266635 PMCID: PMC9081903 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive nonfunctioning (NF) pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are non‐resectable neoplasms associated with frequent relapses and significant comorbidities. As the current therapies of NF‐PitNETs often fail, new therapeutic targets are needed. The observation that circulating angiopoietin‐2 (ANGPT2) is elevated in patients with NF‐PitNET and correlates with tumor aggressiveness prompted us to investigate the ANGPT2/TIE2 axis in NF‐PitNETs in the GH3 PitNET cell line, primary human NF‐PitNET cells, xenografts in zebrafish and mice, and in MENX rats, the only autochthonous NF‐PitNET model. We show that PitNET cells express a functional TIE2 receptor and secrete bioactive ANGPT2, which promotes, besides angiogenesis, tumor cell growth in an autocrine and paracrine fashion. ANGPT2 stimulation of TIE2 in tumor cells activates downstream cell proliferation signals, as previously demonstrated in endothelial cells (ECs). Tie2 gene deletion blunts PitNETs growth in xenograft models, and pharmacological inhibition of Angpt2/Tie2 signaling antagonizes PitNETs in primary cell cultures, tumor xenografts in mice, and in MENX rats. Thus, the ANGPT2/TIE2 axis provides an exploitable therapeutic target in NF‐PitNETs and possibly in other tumors expressing ANGPT2/TIE2. The ability of tumor cells to coopt angiogenic signals classically viewed as EC‐specific expands our view on the microenvironmental cues that are essential for tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninelia Minaskan Karabid
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Wiedemann
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Gulde
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermine Mohr
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Renu Chandra Segaran
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Geppert
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Rohm
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, Cusano Milanino, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Germano Gaudenzi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, Cusano Milanino, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Dicitore
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Yiyao Chen
- Department of Mathematics, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Rickmer Braren
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Kaissis
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Schilling
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Schillmaier
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Graeme Eisenhofer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Federico Roncaroli
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jürgen B Honegger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Natalia S Pellegata
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Giordo R, Wehbe Z, Paliogiannis P, Eid AH, Mangoni AA, Pintus G. Nano-targeting vascular remodeling in cancer: Recent developments and future directions. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:784-804. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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19
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Shen Y, Wang X, Liu Y, Singhal M, Gürkaşlar C, Valls AF, Lei Y, Hu W, Schermann G, Adler H, Yu FX, Fischer T, Zhu Y, Augustin HG, Schmidt T, de Almodóvar CR. STAT3-YAP/TAZ signaling in endothelial cells promotes tumor angiogenesis. Sci Signal 2021; 14:eabj8393. [PMID: 34874746 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abj8393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shen
- European Center for Angioscience, Medicine Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.,Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- European Center for Angioscience, Medicine Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Mahak Singhal
- European Center for Angioscience, Medicine Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.,Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Can Gürkaşlar
- European Center for Angioscience, Medicine Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Aida Freire Valls
- European Center for Angioscience, Medicine Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.,Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yi Lei
- Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjie Hu
- European Center for Angioscience, Medicine Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Géza Schermann
- European Center for Angioscience, Medicine Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Heike Adler
- European Center for Angioscience, Medicine Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fa-Xing Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200030 Shanghai, China
| | - Tamás Fischer
- Genome Biology Department, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Garran Rd, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of physiology and pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, 300070 Tianjin, China
| | - Hellmut G Augustin
- European Center for Angioscience, Medicine Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.,Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, 50924 Köln, Germany
| | - Carmen Ruiz de Almodóvar
- European Center for Angioscience, Medicine Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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20
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Zahedipour F, Zamani P, Jamialahmadi K, Jaafari MR, Sahebkar A. Vaccines targeting angiogenesis in melanoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 912:174565. [PMID: 34656608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis has a significant role in metastasis and progression of melanoma. Even small tumors may be susceptible to metastasis and hence lead to a worse outcome in patients with melanoma. One of the anti-angiogenic treatment approaches that is undergoing comprehensive study is specific immunotherapy. While tumor cells are challenging targets for immunotherapy due to their genetic instability and heterogeneity, endothelial cells (ECs) are genetically stable. Therefore, vaccines targeting angiogenesis in melanoma are appropriate choices that target both tumor cells and ECs while capable of inducing strong, anti-tumor immune responses with limited toxicity. The main targets of angiogenesis are VEGFs and their receptors but other potential targets have also been investigated, especially in preclinical studies. Various types of vaccines that target angiogenesis in melanoma have been studied including DNA, peptide, protein, dendritic cell-based, and endothelial cell vaccines. This review outlines a number of target antigens that are important for potential progress in developing vaccines for targeting angiogenesis in melanoma. We also discuss different types of vaccines that have been investigated, delivery mechanisms and popular adjuvants, and suggest ways to improve future clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Zahedipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parvin Zamani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Jamialahmadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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21
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Duran CL, Borriello L, Karagiannis GS, Entenberg D, Oktay MH, Condeelis JS. Targeting Tie2 in the Tumor Microenvironment: From Angiogenesis to Dissemination. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225730. [PMID: 34830883 PMCID: PMC8616247 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The dissemination of cancer cells from their original location to distant organs where they grow, a process called metastasis, causes more than 90% of cancer deaths. The identification of the molecular mechanisms of metastasis and the development of anti-metastatic therapies are essential to increase patient survival. In recent years, targeting the tumor microenvironment has become a promising avenue to prevent both tumor growth and metastasis. As the tumor microenvironment contains not only cancer cells but also blood vessels, immune cells, and other non-cancerous cells, it is naïve to think that therapy only affects a single cell type in this complex environment. Here we review the importance, and ways to inhibit the function, of one therapeutic target: the receptor Tie2. Tie2 is a receptor present on the cell surface of several cell types within the tumor microenvironment and regulates tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis to distant organs. Abstract The Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinase is expressed in vascular endothelial cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and tumor cells and has been a major focus of research in therapies targeting the tumor microenvironment. The most extensively studied Tie2 ligands are Angiopoietin 1 and 2 (Ang1, Ang2). Ang1 plays a critical role in vessel maturation, endothelial cell migration, and survival. Ang2, depending on the context, may function to disrupt connections between the endothelial cells and perivascular cells, promoting vascular regression. However, in the presence of VEGF-A, Ang2 instead promotes angiogenesis. Tie2-expressing macrophages play a critical role in both tumor angiogenesis and the dissemination of tumor cells from the primary tumor to secondary sites. Therefore, Ang-Tie2 signaling functions as an angiogenic switch during tumor progression and metastasis. Here we review the recent advances and complexities of targeting Tie2 signaling in the tumor microenvironment as a possible anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic, therapy and describe its use in combination with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille L. Duran
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (C.L.D.); (L.B.); (D.E.); (M.H.O.)
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Lucia Borriello
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (C.L.D.); (L.B.); (D.E.); (M.H.O.)
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - George S. Karagiannis
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Integrated Imaging Program, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - David Entenberg
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (C.L.D.); (L.B.); (D.E.); (M.H.O.)
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
- Integrated Imaging Program, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Maja H. Oktay
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (C.L.D.); (L.B.); (D.E.); (M.H.O.)
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
- Integrated Imaging Program, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Pathology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - John S. Condeelis
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (C.L.D.); (L.B.); (D.E.); (M.H.O.)
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
- Integrated Imaging Program, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Surgery, Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Correspondence:
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22
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Ott PA, Nazzaro M, Pfaff KL, Gjini E, Felt KD, Wolff JO, Buchbinder EI, Haq R, Sullivan RJ, Lawrence DP, McDermott DF, Severgnini M, Giobbie-Hurder A, Rodig SJ, Stephen Hodi F. Combining CTLA-4 and angiopoietin-2 blockade in patients with advanced melanoma: a phase I trial. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-003318. [PMID: 34772758 PMCID: PMC8593712 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Angiogenic factors promote the growth of tumor vasculature, modulate lymphocyte trafficking into tumors, and inhibit maturation of dendritic cells. We hypothesized that MEDI3617, a human IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against human angiopoietin-2, in combination with tremelimumab (treme), an IgG2 monoclonal antibody blocking cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein- (CTLA-4), is safe in patients with advanced melanoma. Methods In a phase I, 3+3 dose escalation trial, patients with metastatic or unresectable melanoma received treme in combination with MEDI3617. The primary objectives of the study were safety and determination of recommended phase II dose (RP2D). The secondary objectives included determination of 6-month and 1-year overall survival and best overall response rate. Immune cell populations and soluble factors were assessed in peripheral blood and metastatic tumors using Fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), Luminex, and multiplexed immunofluorescence. Results Fifteen patients (median age: 62) were enrolled in the study (3 patients in cohort 1: treme at 10 mg/kg and MEDI3617 at 200 mg; and 12 patients in cohort 2: treme at 10 mg/kg and MEDI3617 at 600 mg). The most common all-grade treatment-related adverse events were rash, pruritus, fatigue, and extremity edema. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. Cohort 2 was determined to be the RP2D. There were no patients with confirmed immune-related complete response or immune-related partial response. Six of 15 patients had immune-related stable disease, resulting in a disease control rate of 0.40 (95% CI 0.16 to 0.68). An increase in frequencies of circulating inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS)+ and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR+ CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and production of Interleukin-2 and Interleukin-10 was observed post therapy. Conclusions Tremelimumab in combination with MEDI3617 is safe in patients with advanced melanoma. Angiopoietin-2 inhibition in combination with immune checkpoint inhibition warrants further exploration. Trial registration number NCT02141542.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Ott
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA .,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew Nazzaro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathleen L Pfaff
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Evisa Gjini
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristen D Felt
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jacquelyn O Wolff
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth I Buchbinder
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rizwan Haq
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan J Sullivan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Donald P Lawrence
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David F McDermott
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mariano Severgnini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anita Giobbie-Hurder
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Scott J Rodig
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - F Stephen Hodi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Immuno-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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23
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Liu L, Zhang X, Li C, Qu Y. The value of Angipoietin-2 as a biomarker for the prognosis of osteosarcoma: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26923. [PMID: 34397935 PMCID: PMC8360409 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The function of Angipoietin-2 (Agn2) in osteosarcoma has not been fully explored and exists controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the role of Agn2 in the prognosis of osteosarcoma. In addition, bioinformatics analysis was carried out to reveal the mechanism and related pathways of Agn2 in osteosarcoma. METHODS Literature search was operated on databases up to July 2021, including PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology Medicine disc, and Wan Fang Data. The relation between Agn2 expression and survival outcome was estimated by hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval. Meta-analysis was performed on the Stata 16.0. Being obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas, the original data were used to further verify the prognostic role of Agn2 in osteosarcoma. Gene set enrichment analysis was applied to predict the potential mechanism of Agn2. The correlation between Agn2 and osteosarcoma immune infiltration was analyzed by TIMER database. RESULTS The results of this meta-analysis would be submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication. CONCLUSION This study will provide evidence for the exploration of the relationship between Agn2 and the prognosis of osteosarcoma and its mechanism. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also should not damage participants' rights. Ethical approval is not available. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/GWQ53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhu Liu
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xinbo Zhang
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Chaoyi Li
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Ye Qu
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
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24
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In Uveal Melanoma, Angiopoietin-2 but Not Angiopoietin-1 Is Increased in High-Risk Tumors, Providing a Potential Druggable Target. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163986. [PMID: 34439141 PMCID: PMC8391938 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) metastasize haematogeneously, and tumor blood vessel density is an important prognostic factor. We hypothesized that proangiogenic factors such as angiopoietin-1 (ANG-1) and angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2), two targetable cytokines, might play a role in tumor development and metastatic behavior. mRNA levels of ANG-1 and ANG-2 were determined in 64 tumors using an Illumina HT-12 v4 mRNA chip and compared to clinical, pathologic, and genetic tumor parameters. Tissue expression was also determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Samples of aqueous humor were collected from 83 UM-containing enucleated eyes and protein levels that were determined in a multiplex proximity extension assay. High tissue gene expression of ANG-2, but not of ANG-1, was associated with high tumor thickness, high largest basal diameter, involvement of the ciliary body, and with UM-related death (ANG-2 mRNA p < 0.001; ANG-2 aqueous protein p < 0.001). The presence of the ANG-2 protein in aqueous humor correlated with its mRNA expression in the tumor (r = 0.309, p = 0.03). IHC showed that ANG-2 was expressed in macrophages as well as tumor cells. The presence of ANG-2 in the tumor and in aqueous humor, especially in high-risk tumors, make ANG-2 a potential targetable cytokine in uveal melanoma.
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25
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El-Benhawy SA, Ebeid SA, Abd El Moneim NA, Arab ARR, Ramadan R. Repression of protocadherin 17 is correlated with elevated angiogenesis and hypoxia markers in female patients with breast cancer. Cancer Biomark 2021; 31:139-148. [PMID: 33896826 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-201593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered cadherin expression plays a vital role in tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and tumor progression. However, the function of protocadherin 17 (PCDH17) in breast cancer remains unclear. OBJECTIVE Our target is to explore PCDH17 gene expression in breast carcinoma tissues and its relation to serum angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) and % of circulating CD34+ cells in breast cancer patients (BCPs). METHODS This study included Fifty female BCPs and 50 healthy females as control group. Cancerous and neighboring normal breast tissues were collected from BCPs as well as blood samples at diagnosis. PCDH17 gene expression was evaluated by RT-PCR. Serum Ang-2, CAIX levels were measured by ELISA and % CD34+ cells were assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS PCDH17 was downregulated in cancerous breast tissues and its repression was significantly correlated with advanced stage and larger tumor size. Low PCDH17 was significantly correlated with serum Ang-2, % CD34+ cells and serum CAIX levels. Serum CAIX, Ang-2 and % CD34+ cells levels were highly elevated in BCPs and significantly correlated with clinical stage. CONCLUSIONS PCDH17 downregulation correlated significantly with increased angiogenic and hypoxia biomarkers. These results explore the role of PCDH17 as a tumor suppressor gene inhibiting tumor growth and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa A El-Benhawy
- Radiation Sciences Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samia A Ebeid
- Applied Medical Chemistry Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nadia A Abd El Moneim
- Cancer Management and Research Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amal R R Arab
- Applied Medical Chemistry Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rabie Ramadan
- Experimental and Clinical Surgery Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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26
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Control of Tumor Progression by Angiocrine Factors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112610. [PMID: 34073394 PMCID: PMC8198241 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor progression, therapy resistance and metastasis are profoundly controlled by the tumor microenvironment. The contribution of endothelial cells to tumor progression was initially only attributed to the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis). Research in the last decade has revealed however that endothelial cells control their microenvironment through the expression of membrane-bound and secreted factors. Such angiocrine functions are frequently hijacked by cancer cells, which deregulate the signaling pathways controlling the expression of angiocrine factors. Here, we review the crosstalk between cancer cells and endothelial cells and how this contributes to the cancer stem cell phenotype, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, immunosuppression, remodeling of the extracellular matrix and intravasation of cancer cells into the bloodstream. We also address the long-distance crosstalk of a primary tumor with endothelial cells at the pre-metastatic niche and how this contributes to metastasis.
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27
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Vestweber D. Vascular Endothelial Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Regulates Endothelial Function. Physiology (Bethesda) 2021; 36:84-93. [PMID: 33595386 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00026.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP) is a receptor-type PTP (RPTP), predominantly expressed in vascular endothelial cells. It regulates embryonic and tumor angiogenesis and controls vascular permeability and homeostasis in inflammation. Major substrates are the tyrosine kinase receptor Tie-2 and the adhesion molecule VE-cadherin. This review describes how VE-PTP controls vascular functions by its various substrates and the therapeutic potential of VE-PTP in various pathophysiological settings.
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28
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Mooi J, Chionh F, Savas P, Da Gama Duarte J, Chong G, Brown S, Wong R, Price TJ, Wann A, Skrinos E, Mariadason JM, Tebbutt NC. Dual Antiangiogenesis Agents Bevacizumab Plus Trebananib, without Chemotherapy, in First-line Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Results of a Phase II Study. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:2159-2167. [PMID: 33514526 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-2714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the efficacy and safety of dual antiangiogenesis agents, bevacizumab plus trebananib, without chemotherapy, in first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS This open-label phase II study enrolled patients with unresectable mCRC with no prior systemic treatment. All patients received bevacizumab 7.5 mg/kg 3-weekly and trebananib 15 mg/kg weekly. The primary endpoint was disease control [stable disease, partial response (PR), or complete response (CR)] at 6 months (DC6m). Secondary endpoints included toxicity, overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Exploratory biomarkers in plasma angiogenesis-related proteins, tumor gene expression, and plasma antibodies to tumor antigens were examined. RESULTS Forty-five patients were enrolled from four Australian sites. DC6m was 63% [95% confidence interval (CI), 47-77]. ORR was 17% (95% CI, 7-32), comprising of seven PRs. Median duration of response was 20 months (range, 10-48 months). Median PFS was 8.4 months and median OS 31.4 months. Grade 1-2 peripheral edema and joint-related symptoms were common. Overall incidence of grade 3-4 adverse events (AE) of any type was 33% (n = 15). Expected AEs of bevacizumab treatment did not appear to be increased by the addition of trebananib. CONCLUSIONS In a first-line mCRC population, the dual antiangiogenic combination, bevacizumab plus trebananib, without chemotherapy, was efficacious with durable responses. The toxicity profile of the combination was manageable and did not exceed that expected with bevacizumab +/- chemotherapy. Exploratory biomarker results raise the hypothesis that the antiangiogenic combination may enable the antitumor immune response in immunotolerant colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Mooi
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fiona Chionh
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Savas
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica Da Gama Duarte
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Chong
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Ballarat Regional Integrated Cancer Centre, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen Brown
- Ballarat Regional Integrated Cancer Centre, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel Wong
- Eastern Health, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia.,Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Timothy J Price
- The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alysson Wann
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Effie Skrinos
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John M Mariadason
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Niall C Tebbutt
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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29
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Fares J, Cordero A, Kanojia D, Lesniak MS. The Network of Cytokines in Brain Metastases. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:E142. [PMID: 33466236 PMCID: PMC7795138 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases are the most common of all intracranial tumors and a major cause of death in patients with cancer. Cytokines, including chemokines, interferons, interleukins, lymphokines, and tumor necrosis factors are key regulators in the formation of brain metastases. They regulate the infiltration of different cellular subsets into the tumor microenvironment and affect the therapeutic outcomes in patients. Elucidating the cancer cell-cytokine interactions in the setting of brain metastases is crucial for the development of more accurate diagnostics and efficacious therapies. In this review, we focus on cytokines that are found in the tumor microenvironment of brain metastases and elaborate on their trends of expression, regulation, and roles in cellular recruitment and tumorigenesis. We also explore how cytokines can alter the anti-tumor response in the context of brain metastases and discuss ways through which cytokine networks can be manipulated for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maciej S. Lesniak
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.F.); (A.C.); (D.K.)
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30
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Hernandez-Prera JC, Valderrabano P, Creed JH, de la Iglesia JV, Slebos RJ, Centeno BA, Tarasova V, Hallanger-Johnson J, Veloski C, Otto KJ, Wenig BM, Yoder SJ, Lam CA, Park DS, Anderson AR, Raghunand N, Berglund A, Caudell J, Gerke TA, Chung CH. Molecular Determinants of Thyroid Nodules with Indeterminate Cytology and RAS Mutations. Thyroid 2021; 31:36-49. [PMID: 32689909 PMCID: PMC7864115 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2019.0650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:RAS gene family mutations are the most prevalent in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology and are present in a wide spectrum of histological diagnoses. We evaluated differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways across the histological/clinical spectrum of RAS-mutant nodules to determine key molecular determinants associated with a high risk of malignancy. Methods: Sixty-one thyroid nodules with RAS mutations were identified. Based on the histological diagnosis and biological behavior, the nodules were grouped into five categories indicating their degree of malignancy: non-neoplastic appearance, benign neoplasm, indeterminate malignant potential, low-risk cancer, or high-risk cancer. Gene expression profiles of these nodules were determined using the NanoString PanCancer Pathways and IO 360 Panels, and Angiopoietin-2 level was determined by immunohistochemical staining. Results: The analysis of differentially expressed genes using the five categories as supervising parameters unearthed a significant correlation between the degree of malignancy and genes involved in cell cycle and apoptosis (BAX, CCNE2, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, CHEK1, E2F1, GSK3B, NFKB1, and PRKAR2A), PI3K pathway (CCNE2, CSF3, GSKB3, NFKB1, PPP2R2C, and SGK2), and stromal factors (ANGPT2 and DLL4). The expression of Angiopoietin-2 by immunohistochemistry also showed the same trend of increasing expression from non-neoplastic appearance to high-risk cancer (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The gene expression analysis of RAS-mutant thyroid nodules suggests increasing upregulation of key oncogenic pathways depending on their degree of malignancy and supports the concept of a stepwise progression. The utility of ANGPT2 expression as a potential diagnostic biomarker warrants further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Hernandez-Prera
- Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Juan C. Hernandez-Prera, MD, Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Pablo Valderrabano
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordan H. Creed
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Janis V. de la Iglesia
- Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Robbert J.C. Slebos
- Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | - Valentina Tarasova
- Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | - Colleen Veloski
- Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Kristen J. Otto
- Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Bruce M. Wenig
- Department of Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Sean J. Yoder
- Molecular Genomics Core Facility, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Cesar A. Lam
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Derek S. Park
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Alexander R. Anderson
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | - Anders Berglund
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jimmy Caudell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Travis A. Gerke
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Christine H. Chung
- Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Address correspondence to: Christine H. Chung, MD, Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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31
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Leong A, Kim M. The Angiopoietin-2 and TIE Pathway as a Therapeutic Target for Enhancing Antiangiogenic Therapy and Immunotherapy in Patients with Advanced Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228689. [PMID: 33217955 PMCID: PMC7698611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances made in cancer treatment, the development of therapeutic resistance to anticancer drugs represents a major clinical problem that limits treatment efficacy for cancer patients. Herein, we focus on the response and resistance to current antiangiogenic drugs and immunotherapies and describe potential strategies for improved treatment outcomes. Antiangiogenic treatments that mainly target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling have shown efficacy in many types of cancer. However, drug resistance, characterized by disease recurrence, has limited therapeutic success and thus increased our urgency to better understand the mechanism of resistance to inhibitors of VEGF signaling. Moreover, cancer immunotherapies including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which stimulate antitumor immunity, have also demonstrated a remarkable clinical benefit in the treatment of many aggressive malignancies. Nevertheless, the emergence of resistance to immunotherapies associated with an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment has restricted therapeutic response, necessitating the development of better therapeutic strategies to increase treatment efficacy in patients. Angiopoietin-2 (ANG2), which binds to the receptor tyrosine kinase TIE2 in endothelial cells, is a cooperative driver of angiogenesis and vascular destabilization along with VEGF. It has been suggested in multiple preclinical studies that ANG2-mediated vascular changes contribute to the development and persistence of resistance to anti-VEGF therapy. Further, emerging evidence suggests a fundamental link between vascular abnormalities and tumor immune evasion, supporting the rationale for combination strategies of immunotherapy with antiangiogenic drugs. In this review, we discuss the recent mechanistic and clinical advances in targeting angiopoietin signaling, focusing on ANG2 inhibition, to enhance therapeutic efficacy of antiangiogenic and ICI therapies. In short, we propose that a better mechanistic understanding of ANG2-mediated vascular changes will provide insight into the significance of ANG2 in treatment response and resistance to current antiangiogenic and ICI therapies. These advances will ultimately improve therapeutic modalities for cancer treatment.
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32
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Quaresmini D, Guida M. Neoangiogenesis in Melanoma: An Issue in Biology and Systemic Treatment. Front Immunol 2020; 11:584903. [PMID: 33193402 PMCID: PMC7658002 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.584903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoangiogenesis is a recognized hallmark of cancer, granting tumor cells to dispose of metabolic substrates through a newly created vascular supply. Neoangiogenesis was also confirmed in melanoma, where vascular proliferation is associated with increased aggressiveness and poorer prognosis. Furthermore, melanoma cells show the so-called vascular mimicry, consisting in the assumption of endothelial-like features inducing the expression of pro-angiogenic receptors and ligands, which take part in the interplay with extracellular matrix (ECM) components and are potentiated by the ECM remodeling and the barrier molecule junction alterations that characterize the metastatic phase. Although neoangiogenesis was biologically proven and clinically associated with worse outcomes in melanoma patients, in the past anti-angiogenic therapies were employed with poor improvement of the already unsatisfactory results associated with chemotherapic agents. Among the novel therapies of melanoma, immunotherapy has led to previously unexpected outcomes of treatment, yet there is a still strong need for potentiating the results, possibly by new regimens of combination therapies. Molecular models in many cancer types showed mutual influences between immune responses and vascular normalization. Recently, clinical trials are investigating the efficacy of the association between anti-angiogenetic agents and immune-checkpoint inhibitors to treat advanced stage melanoma. This paper reviews the biological bases of angiogenesis in melanoma and summarizes the currently available clinical data on the use of anti-angiogenetic compounds in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Quaresmini
- Rare Tumors and Melanoma Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Guida
- Rare Tumors and Melanoma Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
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33
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Gengenbacher N, Singhal M, Mogler C, Hai L, Milde L, Pari AAA, Besemfelder E, Fricke C, Baumann D, Gehrs S, Utikal J, Felcht M, Hu J, Schlesner M, Offringa R, Chintharlapalli SR, Augustin HG. Timed Ang2-Targeted Therapy Identifies the Angiopoietin-Tie Pathway as Key Regulator of Fatal Lymphogenous Metastasis. Cancer Discov 2020; 11:424-445. [PMID: 33106316 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent clinical and preclinical advances have highlighted the existence of a previously hypothesized lymphogenous route of metastasis. However, due to a lack of suitable preclinical modeling tools, its contribution to long-term disease outcome and relevance for therapy remain controversial. Here, we established a genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) fragment-based tumor model uniquely sustaining a functional network of intratumoral lymphatics that facilitates seeding of fatal peripheral metastases. Multiregimen survival studies and correlative patient data identified primary tumor-derived Angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) as a potent therapeutic target to restrict lymphogenous tumor cell dissemination. Mechanistically, tumor-associated lymphatic endothelial cells (EC), in contrast to blood vascular EC, were found to be critically addicted to the Angiopoietin-Tie pathway. Genetic manipulation experiments in combination with single-cell mapping revealed agonistically acting Ang2-Tie2 signaling as key regulator of lymphatic maintenance. Correspondingly, acute presurgical Ang2 neutralization was sufficient to prolong survival by regressing established intratumoral lymphatics, hence identifying a therapeutic regimen that warrants further clinical evaluation. SIGNIFICANCE: Exploiting multiple mouse tumor models including a unique GEMM-derived allograft system in combination with preclinical therapy designs closely matching the human situation, this study provides fundamental insight into the biology of tumor-associated lymphatic EC and defines an innovative presurgical therapeutic window of migrastatic Ang2 neutralization to restrict lymphogenous metastasis.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 211.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gengenbacher
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mahak Singhal
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Mogler
- Institute of Pathology, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Ling Hai
- Junior Group Bioinformatics and Omics Data Analytics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Milde
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ashik Ahmed Abdul Pari
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Eva Besemfelder
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudine Fricke
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Baumann
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Division of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Gehrs
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jochen Utikal
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Moritz Felcht
- Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Junhao Hu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Matthias Schlesner
- Junior Group Bioinformatics and Omics Data Analytics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rienk Offringa
- Division of Molecular Oncology of Gastrointestinal Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Hellmut G Augustin
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of Vascular Biology and Tumor Angiogenesis, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
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34
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Saha A, Anirvan P. Cancer progression in COVID-19: integrating the roles of renin angiotensin aldosterone system, angiopoietin-2, heat shock protein-27 and epithelial mesenchymal transition. Ecancermedicalscience 2020; 14:1099. [PMID: 33082849 PMCID: PMC7532023 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2020.1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected millions worldwide and has been found to cause severe disease in patients with underlying comorbidities. In patients with known malignancies, in addition to constraints in routine healthcare, the risk of being susceptible to developing severe forms of the disease is of grave concern. While follow-up studies on survivors of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 2003 outbreak revealed increased susceptibility to infections, tumours and cardiovascular abnormalities, recent studies implicating angiopoietin 2 in induction of inflammatory intussusceptive angiogenesis and diffuse alveolar damage in COVID-19 patients raises the possibility of progression of carcinogenetic processes in patients with known malignancies. Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) mediated cellular entry of SARS-Cov2 leads to receptor shedding of ACE-2 and disrupts the renin angiotensin aldosterone axis (RAAS). This augments the pro-inflammatory and proliferative effects of RAAS, while attenuating the anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative angiotensin 1-7 /Mas pathway. Angiopoietin-2, a molecule responsible for angiogenesis and cancer progression which corelates with tumour load in certain cancers, is upregulated by angiotensin 2-AT1 Receptor axis. Tumour microenvironment-comprising of various cells, blood vessels and extra cellular matrix which express the RAAS peptides-plays a key role in cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. Angiotensin 2 induces the formation of a desmoplastic environment, favouring cancer cell growth. ACE-2 downregulation causes bradykinin accumulation which may exert its proliferative action via mitogen activated protein kinase pathways which has established roles in cancers of breast and kidney. In addition to cytokine storm causing organ damage, acute inflammation in COVID-19 may also cause epithelial mesenchymal transition and heat shock protein 27 phosphorylation, both of which are key mediators in cancer signalling pathways. We hypothesise that SARS-Cov2, by impacting the RAAS and immune system, has the potential to cause tumour cell proliferation, apoptosis evasion and metastasis, thereby increasing the possibility of cancer progression in patients with known malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Saha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh 786002, Assam, India
- https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4705-7453
| | - Prajna Anirvan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sriram Chandra Bhanj Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack 753007, Odisha, India
- https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-0865
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35
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Montemagno C, Pagès G. Resistance to Anti-angiogenic Therapies: A Mechanism Depending on the Time of Exposure to the Drugs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:584. [PMID: 32775327 PMCID: PMC7381352 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting one, represents a critical process for oxygen and nutrient supply to proliferating cells, therefore promoting tumor growth and metastasis. The Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) pathway is one of the key mediators of angiogenesis in cancer. Therefore, several therapies including monoclonal antibodies or tyrosine kinase inhibitors target this axis. Although preclinical studies demonstrated strong antitumor activity, clinical studies were disappointing. Antiangiogenic drugs, used to treat metastatic patients suffering of different types of cancers, prolonged survival to different extents but are not curative. In this review, we focused on different mechanisms involved in resistance to antiangiogenic therapies from early stage resistance involving mainly tumor cells to late stages related to the adaptation of the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Montemagno
- Département de Biologie Médicale, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco.,CNRS UMR 7284, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Gilles Pagès
- Département de Biologie Médicale, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco.,CNRS UMR 7284, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,INSERM U1081, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
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36
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The VE-PTP Inhibitor AKB-9778 Improves Antitumor Activity and Diminishes the Toxicity of Interleukin 2 (IL-2) Administration. J Immunother 2020; 42:237-243. [PMID: 31348125 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Administration of interleukin (IL)-2 has led to a durable response in patients with advanced renal cancer and melanoma but is restricted for clinical application because of adverse effects, including the vascular leak syndrome (VLS). VLS is associated with increased circulating levels of the Tie2 antagonist ligand, angiopoietin 2, and decreased Tie2 receptor phosphorylation and downstream signaling in endothelial cells (ECs). Given that vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP) is a specific membrane phosphatase in ECs that dephosphorylates Tie2, the effects of targeting VE-PTP by a selective inhibitor AKB-9778 (AKB) in terms of VLS and antitumor efficacy were examined in this study. The authors found, by targeting VE-PTP, that the antitumor effects induced by IL-2 were augmented [tumor-free 44% (IL-2 alone) vs. 87.5% (IL-2+AKB)], associated with enhanced immune cell infiltrate (90% increase for CD8 T cells and natural killer cells). In addition, the side effects of IL-2 therapy were lessened, as demonstrated by diminished lung weight (less vascular leakage) as well as reduced cytokine levels (serum HMGB1 from 137.04±2.69 to 43.86±3.65 pg/mL; interferon-γ from 590.52±90.52 to 31.37±1.14 pg/mL). The authors further sought to determine the potential mechanism of the action of AKB-9778. The findings suggest that AKB-9778 may function through reducing serum angiopoietin 2 level and regulating EC viability. These findings provide insights into the targeting VE-PTP to improve tolerance and efficacy of IL-2 therapy and highlight the clinical potential of AKB-9778 for treating patients with VLS and cancer.
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37
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Kallio P, Jokinen E, Högström J, Das S, Heino S, Lähde M, Brodkin J, Korhonen EA, Alitalo K. Blocking Angiopoietin-2 Promotes Vascular Damage and Growth Inhibition in Mouse Tumors Treated with Small Doses of Radiation. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2639-2650. [PMID: 32312835 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal vasculature in tumors leads to poor tissue perfusion and cytostatic drug delivery. Although drugs inducing vascular normalization, for example, angiopoietin-2 (Ang2)-blocking antibodies, have shown promising results in preclinical tumor models, clinical studies have so far shown only little efficacy. Because Ang2 is known to play a protective role in stressed endothelial cells, we tested here whether Ang2 blocking could enhance radiation-induced tumor vascular damage. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with anti-Ang2 antibodies every 3 or 4 days starting 3 days before 3 × 2 Gy or 4 × 0.5 Gy whole-body or tumor-focused radiation. Combination treatment with anti-Ang2 and radiation improved tumor growth inhibition and extended the survival of mice with melanoma or colorectal tumors. Single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed that Ang2 blocking rescued radiation-induced decreases in T cells and cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. In addition, anti-Ang2 enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in cultured endothelial cells. In vivo, combination treatment decreased tumor vasculature and increased tumor necrosis in comparison with tumors treated with monotherapies. These results suggest that a combination of Ang2-blocking antibodies with radiation increases tumor growth inhibition and extends the survival of tumor-bearing mice. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings offer a preclinical rationale for further testing of the use of radiation in combination with Ang2-blocking antibodies to improve the overall outcome of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauliina Kallio
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elina Jokinen
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenny Högström
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Suvendu Das
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sarika Heino
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marianne Lähde
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jefim Brodkin
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emilia A Korhonen
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. .,iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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38
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Singhal M, Gengenbacher N, La Porta S, Gehrs S, Shi J, Kamiyama M, Bodenmiller DM, Fischl A, Schieb B, Besemfelder E, Chintharlapalli S, Augustin HG. Preclinical validation of a novel metastasis-inhibiting Tie1 function-blocking antibody. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e11164. [PMID: 32302470 PMCID: PMC7278563 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201911164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The angiopoietin (Ang)–Tie pathway has been intensely pursued as candidate second‐generation anti‐angiogenic target. While much of the translational work has focused on the ligand Ang2, the clinical efficacy of Ang2‐targeting drugs is limited and failed to improve patient survival. In turn, the orphan receptor Tie1 remains therapeutically unexplored, although its endothelial‐specific genetic deletion has previously been shown to result in a strong reduction in metastatic growth. Here, we report a novel Tie1 function‐blocking antibody (AB‐Tie1‐39), which suppressed postnatal retinal angiogenesis. During primary tumor growth, neoadjuvant administration of AB‐Tie1‐39 strongly impeded systemic metastasis. Furthermore, the administration of AB‐Tie1‐39 in a perioperative therapeutic window led to a significant survival advantage as compared to control‐IgG‐treated mice. Additional in vivo experimental metastasis and in vitro transmigration assays concurrently revealed that AB‐Tie1‐39 treatment suppressed tumor cell extravasation at secondary sites. Taken together, the data phenocopy previous genetic work in endothelial Tie1 KO mice and thereby validate AB‐Tie1‐39 as a Tie1 function‐blocking antibody. The study establishes Tie1 as a therapeutic target for metastasis in a perioperative or neoadjuvant setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahak Singhal
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis Research, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.,European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Gengenbacher
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis Research, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.,European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silvia La Porta
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis Research, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.,European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Gehrs
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis Research, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.,European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jingjing Shi
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis Research, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.,European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Miki Kamiyama
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis Research, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.,European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Benjamin Schieb
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis Research, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.,European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eva Besemfelder
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis Research, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Hellmut G Augustin
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis Research, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany.,European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
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Abdul Pari AA, Singhal M, Hübers C, Mogler C, Schieb B, Gampp A, Gengenbacher N, Reynolds LE, Terhardt D, Géraud C, Utikal J, Thomas M, Goerdt S, Hodivala-Dilke KM, Augustin HG, Felcht M. Tumor Cell-Derived Angiopoietin-2 Promotes Metastasis in Melanoma. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2586-2598. [PMID: 32303578 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-2660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The angiopoietin (Angpt)-TIE signaling pathway controls vascular maturation and maintains the quiescent phenotype of resting vasculature. The contextual agonistic and antagonistic Tie2 ligand ANGPT2 is believed to be exclusively produced by endothelial cells, disrupting constitutive ANGPT1-TIE2 signaling to destabilize the microvasculature during pathologic disorders like inflammation and cancer. However, scattered reports have also portrayed tumor cells as a source of ANGPT2. Employing ISH-based detection of ANGPT2, we found strong tumor cell expression of ANGPT2 in a subset of patients with melanoma. Comparative analysis of biopsies revealed a higher fraction of ANGPT2-expressing tumor cells in metastatic versus primary sites. Tumor cell-expressed Angpt2 was dispensable for primary tumor growth, yet in-depth analysis of primary tumors revealed enhanced intratumoral necrosis upon silencing of tumor cell Angpt2 expression in the absence of significant immune and vascular alterations. Global transcriptional profiling of Angpt2-deficient tumor cells identified perturbations in redox homeostasis and an increased response to cellular oxidative stress. Ultrastructural analyses illustrated a significant increase of dysfunctional mitochondria in Angpt2-silenced tumor cells, thereby resulting in enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and downstream MAPK stress signaling. Functionally, enhanced ROS in Angpt2-silenced tumor cells reduced colonization potential in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these findings uncover the hitherto unappreciated role of tumor cell-expressed ANGPT2 as an autocrine-positive regulator of metastatic colonization and validate ANGPT2 as a therapeutic target for a well-defined subset of patients with melanoma. SIGNIFICANCE: This study reveals that tumor cells can be a source of ANGPT2 in the tumor microenvironment and that tumor cell-derived ANGPT2 augments metastatic colonization by protecting tumor cells from oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashik Ahmed Abdul Pari
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Germany
| | - Mahak Singhal
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Germany
| | - Corinne Hübers
- Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venerology und Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Mogler
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Schieb
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Germany
| | - Anja Gampp
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Germany
| | - Nicolas Gengenbacher
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Germany
| | - Louise E Reynolds
- Center for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Center, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dorothee Terhardt
- Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Germany
| | - Cyrill Géraud
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venerology und Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Section of Clinical and Molecular Dermatology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jochen Utikal
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology und Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Thomas
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Sergij Goerdt
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venerology und Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kairbaan M Hodivala-Dilke
- Center for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Center, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hellmut G Augustin
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. .,Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Germany.,German Cancer consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moritz Felcht
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. .,Department of Dermatology, Venerology und Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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40
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Haibe Y, Kreidieh M, El Hajj H, Khalifeh I, Mukherji D, Temraz S, Shamseddine A. Resistance Mechanisms to Anti-angiogenic Therapies in Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:221. [PMID: 32175278 PMCID: PMC7056882 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor growth and metastasis rely on tumor vascular network for the adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients. Tumor angiogenesis relies on a highly complex program of growth factor signaling, endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and stromal cell interactions. Numerous pro-angiogenic drivers have been identified, the most important of which is the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The importance of pro-angiogenic inducers in tumor growth, invasion and extravasation make them an excellent therapeutic target in several types of cancers. Hence, the number of anti-angiogenic agents developed for cancer treatment has risen over the past decade, with at least eighty drugs being investigated in preclinical studies and phase I-III clinical trials. To date, the most common approaches to the inhibition of the VEGF axis include the blockade of VEGF receptors (VEGFRs) or ligands by neutralizing antibodies, as well as the inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) enzymes. Despite promising preclinical results, anti-angiogenic monotherapies led only to mild clinical benefits. The minimal benefits could be secondary to primary or acquired resistance, through the activation of alternative mechanisms that sustain tumor vascularization and growth. Mechanisms of resistance are categorized into VEGF-dependent alterations, non-VEGF pathways and stromal cell interactions. Thus, complementary approaches such as the combination of these inhibitors with agents targeting alternative mechanisms of blood vessel formation are urgently needed. This review provides an updated overview on the pathophysiology of angiogenesis during tumor growth. It also sheds light on the different pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic agents that have been developed to date. Finally, it highlights the preclinical evidence for mechanisms of angiogenic resistance and suggests novel therapeutic approaches that might be exploited with the ultimate aim of overcoming resistance and improving clinical outcomes for patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolla Haibe
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Malek Kreidieh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hiba El Hajj
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ibrahim Khalifeh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Deborah Mukherji
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sally Temraz
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali Shamseddine
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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41
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Yu X, Ye F. Role of Angiopoietins in Development of Cancer and Neoplasia Associated with Viral Infection. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020457. [PMID: 32085414 PMCID: PMC7072744 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin/tyrosine protein kinase receptor Tie-2 signaling in endothelial cells plays an essential role in angiogenesis and wound healing. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) is crucial for blood vessel maturation while angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), in collaboration with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), initiates angiogenesis by destabilizing existing blood vessels. In healthy people, the Ang-1 level is sustained while Ang-2 expression is restricted. In cancer patients, Ang-2 level is elevated, which correlates with poor prognosis. Ang-2 not only drives tumor angiogenesis but also attracts infiltration of myeloid cells. The latter rapidly differentiate into tumor stromal cells that foster tumor angiogenesis and progression, and weaken the host’s anti-tumor immunity. Moreover, through integrin signaling, Ang-2 induces expression of matrix metallopeptidases (MMPs) to promote tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Many oncogenic viruses induce expression of Ang-2 to promote development of neoplasia associated with viral infection. Multiple Ang-2 inhibitors exhibit remarkable anti-tumor activities, further highlighting the importance of Ang-2 in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (F.Y.); Tel.: +086-27-88661237 (X.Y.); +216-368-8892 (F.Y.)
| | - Fengchun Ye
- Department of Molecular Biology & Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (F.Y.); Tel.: +086-27-88661237 (X.Y.); +216-368-8892 (F.Y.)
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42
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Lauret Marie Joseph E, Laheurte C, Jary M, Boullerot L, Asgarov K, Gravelin E, Bouard A, Rangan L, Dosset M, Borg C, Adotévi O. Immunoregulation and Clinical Implications of ANGPT2/TIE2 + M-MDSC Signature in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 8:268-279. [PMID: 31871121 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) promote immunosuppression and are a target in the field of immuno-oncology. Accumulation of MDSCs is associated with poor prognosis and resistance to immunotherapy for several cancers. Here, we describe an accumulation of a subset of circulating monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSC) overexpressing TIE2, the receptor for angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2), in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Greater numbers of circulating TIE2+ M-MDSCs were detected in patients with NSCLC compared with healthy subjects, and this accumulation correlated with ANGPT2 concentration in blood. The presence of an ANGPT2-rich environment was associated with impairment of preexisting T-cell responses against tumor-associated antigens (TAA) in patients with NSCLC. We demonstrated that ANGPT2 sensitizes TIE2+ M-MDSCs such that these cells suppress TAA-specific T cells. In patients with NSCLC, upregulation of the ANGPT2/TIE2+ M-MDSC signature in blood was associated with a poor prognosis. Our results identify the ANGPT2/TIE2+ M-MDSC axis as a participant in tumor immune evasion that should be taken into account in future cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline Laheurte
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS, BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Besançon, France.,Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Plateforme de Biomonitoring, Besançon, France.,INSERM CIC-1431, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Marine Jary
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS, BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Besançon, France.,Service d'Oncologie médicale, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Laura Boullerot
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS, BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Besançon, France.,INSERM CIC-1431, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Kamal Asgarov
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS, BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Besançon, France
| | - Eléonore Gravelin
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS, BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Besançon, France.,INSERM CIC-1431, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Adeline Bouard
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS, BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Besançon, France
| | - Laurie Rangan
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS, BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Besançon, France
| | - Magalie Dosset
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS, BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Besançon, France
| | - Christophe Borg
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS, BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Besançon, France.,INSERM CIC-1431, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France.,Service d'Oncologie médicale, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Olivier Adotévi
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS, BFC, UMR1098, RIGHT, Besançon, France. .,Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Plateforme de Biomonitoring, Besançon, France.,INSERM CIC-1431, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France.,Service d'Oncologie médicale, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
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43
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Zhu C, Zhu Y, Pan H, Chen Z, Zhu Q. Current Progresses of Functional Nanomaterials for Imaging Diagnosis and Treatment of Melanoma. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:2494-2506. [PMID: 31642783 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191023130524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is a malignant skin tumor that results in poor disease prognosis due to unsuccessful
treatment options. During the early stages of tumor progression, surgery is the primary approach
that assures a good outcome. However, in the presence of metastasis, melanoma hasbecome almost
immedicable, since the tumors can not be removed and the disease recurs easily in a short period of
time. However, in recent years, the combination of nanomedicine and chemotherapeutic drugs has offered
promising solutions to the treatment of late-stage melanoma. Extensive studies have demonstrated
that nanomaterials and their advanced applications can improve the efficacy of traditional chemotherapeutic
drugs in order to overcome the disadvantages, such as drug resistance, low drug delivery rate and
reduced targeting to the tumor tissue. In the present review, we summarized the latest progress in imaging
diagnosis and treatment of melanoma using functional nanomaterials, including polymers,
liposomes, metal nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles and carbon-based nanoparticles. These
nanoparticles are reported widely in melanoma chemotherapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, photodynamic
therapy, and hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Yunjie Zhu
- Cellular Biomedicine Group Inc., Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Huijun Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Quangang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
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44
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Cho WC, Jour G, Aung PP. Role of angiogenesis in melanoma progression: Update on key angiogenic mechanisms and other associated components. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 59:175-186. [PMID: 31255774 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from existing blood vessels, is a complex and highly regulated process that plays a role in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes. In malignancy, angiogenesis is essential for neoplastic cells to acquire the nutrients and oxygen critical for their continued proliferation. Angiogenesis requires a sequence of well-coordinated events mediated by a number of tightly regulated interactions between pro-angiogenic factors and their corresponding receptors expressed on various vascular components (e.g., endothelial cells and pericytes) and stromal components forming the extracellular matrix. In this review, we discuss the functional roles of key growth factors and cytokines known to promote angiogenesis in cutaneous melanoma and key factors implicated in the extracellular matrix remodeling that acts synergistically with angiogenesis to promote tumor progression in melanoma, incorporating some of the most up-to-date basic science knowledge from recently published in vivo and in vitro experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Cheal Cho
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George Jour
- Department of Pathology and Dermatology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Phyu P Aung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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45
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Nicolini G, Forini F, Kusmic C, Iervasi G, Balzan S. Angiopoietin 2 signal complexity in cardiovascular disease and cancer. Life Sci 2019; 239:117080. [PMID: 31756341 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The angiopoietin signal transduction system is a complex of vascular-specific kinase pathways that plays a crucial role in angiogenesis and maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Angiopoietin1 (Ang1) and 2 (Ang2), the ligand proteins of the pathway, belong to a family of glycoproteins that signal primarily through the transmembrane Tyrosine-kinase-2 receptor. Despite a considerable sequence homology, Ang1 and Ang2 manifest antagonistic effects in pathophysiological conditions. While Ang1 promotes the activation of survival pathways and the stabilization of the normal mature vessels, Ang2 can either favor vessel destabilization and leakage or promote abnormal EC proliferation in a context-dependent manner. Altered Ang1/Ang2 balance has been reported in various pathological conditions in association with inflammation and deregulated angiogenesis. In particular, increased Ang2 levels have been documented in human cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD), including ischemic myocardial injury, heart failure and other cardiovascular complications secondary to diabetes, chronic renal damage and hypertension. Despite the obvious phenotypic differences, CVD and cancer share some common Ang2-dependent etiopathological mechanisms such as inflammation, epithelial (or endothelial) to mesenchymal transition, and adverse vascular network remodeling. Interestingly, both cancer and CVD are negatively affected by thyroid hormone dyshomeostasis. This review provides an overview of the complex Ang2-dependent signaling involved in CVD and cancer, as well as a survey of the related clinical literature. Moreover, on the basis of recent molecular acquisitions in an experimental model of post ischemic cardiac disease, the putative novel role of the thyroid hormone in the regulation of Ang1/Ang2 balance is also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Forini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Claudia Kusmic
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Iervasi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Silvana Balzan
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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46
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Pirouzpanah S, Varshosaz P, Fakhrjou A, Montazeri V. The contribution of dietary and plasma folate and cobalamin to levels of angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2 and Tie-2 receptors depend on vascular endothelial growth factor status of primary breast cancer patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14851. [PMID: 31619709 PMCID: PMC6795805 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the association of dietary folate and cobalamin with plasma levels of Angiopoietins (ANG), vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and tyrosine kinase receptor-2 (Tie-2) of primary breast cancer patients. Women (n = 177), aged 30 to 75 years diagnosed with breast cancer were recruited from an ongoing case series study. Dietary intake of nutrients was estimated by using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to measure biomarkers. MCF-7 cell cultures were supplemented with folic acid (0–40 μM) for 24 h to measure cell viability and fold change of expression by the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Structural equation modeling was applied to analyze the structural relationships between the measured variables of nutrients and Angiopoietins. Dietary intake of folate and cobalamin showed a significant inverse correlation with plasma ANG-1 and ANG-2 (P < 0.05), particularly in subjects with estrogen-receptor positive tumors or low plasma VEGF-C. Plasma folate was positively associated with the ratio of ANG-1/ANG-2 (P < 0.05). Residual intake levels of total cobalamin were inversely associated with plasma ANG-1 when plasma stratum of VEGF-C was high (P < 0.05). Structural equation modeling identified a significant inverse contribution of folate profiles on the latent variable of Angiopoietins (coefficient β = −0.99, P < 0.05). Folic acid treatment resulted in dose-dependent down-regulations on ANGPT1 and ANGPT1/ANGPT2 ratio but VEGF and ANGPT2/VEGF were upregulated at folic acid >20 μM. Studying the contributing role of dietary folate to pro-angiogenic biomarkers in breast cancer patients can infer the preventive role of folate in the ANGs/VEGF-C-dependent cascade of tumor metastasis. By contrast, high concentrations of folic acid in vitro supported VEGF-C-dependent ANGPT2 overexpression might potentiate micro-lymphatic vessel development to support malignant cell dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Pirouzpanah
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614711, Iran.
| | - Parisa Varshosaz
- Drug Applied Research Center/ and also Department of Biochemistry and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614711, Iran.,Student's Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5165665811, Iran
| | - Ashraf Fakhrjou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5156913193, Iran
| | - Vahid Montazeri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Surgery Ward, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, and also Nour-Nejat Hospital, Tabriz, 5138665793, Iran
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47
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Pedrosa AR, Bodrug N, Gomez-Escudero J, Carter EP, Reynolds LE, Georgiou PN, Fernandez I, Lees DM, Kostourou V, Alexopoulou AN, Batista S, Tavora B, Serrels B, Parsons M, Iskratsch T, Hodivala-Dilke KM. Tumor Angiogenesis Is Differentially Regulated by Phosphorylation of Endothelial Cell Focal Adhesion Kinase Tyrosines-397 and -861. Cancer Res 2019; 79:4371-4386. [PMID: 31189647 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in endothelial cells (EC) is essential for angiogenesis, but how FAK phosphorylation at tyrosine-(Y)397 and Y861 regulate tumor angiogenesis in vivo is unknown. Here, we show that tumor growth and angiogenesis are constitutively reduced in inducible, ECCre+;FAKY397F/Y397F -mutant mice. Conversely, ECCre+;FAKY861F/Y861F mice exhibit normal tumor growth with an initial reduction in angiogenesis that recovered in end-stage tumors. Mechanistically, FAK-Y397F ECs exhibit increased Tie2 expression, reduced Vegfr2 expression, decreased β1 integrin activation, and disrupted downstream FAK/Src/PI3K(p55)/Akt signaling. In contrast, FAK-Y861F ECs showed decreased Vegfr2 and Tie2 expression with an enhancement in β1 integrin activation. This corresponds with a decrease in Vegfa-stimulated response, but an increase in Vegfa+Ang2- or conditioned medium from tumor cell-stimulated cellular/angiogenic responses, mimicking responses in end-stage tumors with elevated Ang2 levels. Mechanistically, FAK-Y861F, but not FAK-Y397F ECs showed enhanced p190RhoGEF/P130Cas-dependent signaling that is required for the elevated responses to Vegfa+Ang2. This study establishes the differential requirements of EC-FAK-Y397 and EC-FAK-Y861 phosphorylation in the regulation of EC signaling and tumor angiogenesis in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE: Distinct motifs of the focal adhesion kinase differentially regulate tumor blood vessel formation and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Rita Pedrosa
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Bodrug
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jesus Gomez-Escudero
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edward P Carter
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise E Reynolds
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paraskivi Natalia Georgiou
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Fernandez
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Delphine M Lees
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vassiliki Kostourou
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annika N Alexopoulou
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Batista
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bernardo Tavora
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bryan Serrels
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Iskratsch
- Division of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kairbaan M Hodivala-Dilke
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
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48
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Tiainen L, Korhonen EA, Leppänen VM, Luukkaala T, Hämäläinen M, Tanner M, Lahdenperä O, Vihinen P, Jukkola A, Karihtala P, Aho S, Moilanen E, Alitalo K, Kellokumpu-Lehtinen PL. High baseline Tie1 level predicts poor survival in metastatic breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:732. [PMID: 31340773 PMCID: PMC6657075 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5959-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Angiopoietin growth factors (Angs) regulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis by binding to the endothelial Tie2 receptor. Ang2 expression is elevated in tissue hypoxia and inflammation, which also induce cleavage of the extracellular domain of the orphan Tie1 receptor. Here we have examined if the concentrations of Ang2 and the soluble extracellular domain of Tie1 in patient plasma are associated with the prognosis of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Methods Plasma Tie1 and Ang2 levels were measured in metastatic breast cancer patients treated in a phase II trial with a taxane-bevacizumab combination chemotherapy in the first-line treatment setting. They were analyzed before treatment, after 6 weeks and 6 months of treatment, and at the final study visit. Using the median concentrations as cutoffs, Tie1 and Ang2 data were dichotomized into low and high concentration groups. Additionally, we analyzed Tie1 concentrations in plasma from 10 healthy women participating in a breast cancer primary prevention study. Results Plasma samples were available from 58 (89%) of the 65 patients treated in the trial. The baseline Tie1 levels of the healthy controls were significantly lower than those of the metastatic patients (p < 0.001). The overall survival of the patients with a high baseline Tie1 level was significantly shorter (multivariate HR 3.07, 95% CI 1.39–6.79, p = 0.005). Additionally, the progression-free survival was shorter for patients with a high baseline Tie1 level (multivariate HR 3.78, 95% CI 1.57–9.09, p = 0.003). In contrast, the baseline Ang2 levels had no prognostic impact in a multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. The combined analysis of baseline Tie1 and Ang2 levels revealed that patients with both high Tie1 and high Ang2 baseline levels had a significantly shorter overall survival than the patients with low baseline levels of both markers (multivariate HR for overall survival 4.32, 95% CI 1.44–12.94, p = 0.009). Conclusions This is the first study to demonstrate the prognostic value of baseline Tie1 plasma concentration in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Combined with the results of the Ang2 analyses, the patients with both high Tie1 and Ang2 levels before treatment had the poorest survival. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00979641, registration date 19-DEC-2008. The regional Ethics Committee: R08142M, registration date 18-NOV-2008.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Tiainen
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, P.O. Box 100, FI-33014, Tampere, Finland. .,Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Emilia A Korhonen
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veli-Matti Leppänen
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Luukkaala
- Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Hämäläinen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Minna Tanner
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, P.O. Box 100, FI-33014, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521, Tampere, Finland
| | - Outi Lahdenperä
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Turku University Central Hospital, P.O. Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Pia Vihinen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Turku University Central Hospital, P.O. Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Arja Jukkola
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 10, 90029 OYS, Oulu, Finland
| | - Peeter Karihtala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 10, 90029 OYS, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sonja Aho
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, P.O. Box 100, FI-33014, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eeva Moilanen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirkko-Liisa Kellokumpu-Lehtinen
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Centre, P.O. Box 100, FI-33014, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, FI-33521, Tampere, Finland
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49
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Castet F, Garcia-Mulero S, Sanz-Pamplona R, Cuellar A, Casanovas O, Caminal JM, Piulats JM. Uveal Melanoma, Angiogenesis and Immunotherapy, Is There Any Hope? Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E834. [PMID: 31212986 PMCID: PMC6627065 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma is considered a rare disease but it is the most common intraocular malignancy in adults. Local treatments are effective, but the systemic recurrence rate is unacceptably high. Moreover, once metastasis have developed the prognosis is poor, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 5%, and systemic therapies, including immunotherapy, have rendered poor results. The tumour biology is complex, but angiogenesis is a highly important pathway in these tumours. Vasculogenic mimicry, the ability of melanomas to generate vascular channels independently of endothelial cells, could play an important role, but no effective therapy targeting this process has been developed so far. Angiogenesis modulates the tumour microenvironment of melanomas, and a close interplay is established between them. Therefore, combining immune strategies with drugs targeting angiogenesis offers a new therapeutic paradigm. In preclinical studies, these approaches effectively target these tumours, and a phase I clinical study has shown encouraging results in cutaneous melanomas. In this review, we will discuss the importance of angiogenesis in uveal melanoma, with a special focus on vasculogenic mimicry, and describe the interplay between angiogenesis and the tumour microenvironment. In addition, we will suggest future therapeutic approaches based on these observations and mention ways in which to potentially enhance current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Castet
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Cancer (ICO), IDIBELL-OncoBell, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sandra Garcia-Mulero
- Clinical Research in Solid Tumors Group (CREST), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL-OncoBell, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), IDIBELL-OncoBell, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Sanz-Pamplona
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), IDIBELL-OncoBell, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Andres Cuellar
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Cancer (ICO), IDIBELL-OncoBell, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Oriol Casanovas
- Tumor Angiogenesis Group, ProCURE, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL-OncoBell, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Josep Maria Caminal
- Ophthalmology Department; University Hospital of Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Josep Maria Piulats
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Cancer (ICO), IDIBELL-OncoBell, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
- Clinical Research in Solid Tumors Group (CREST), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL-OncoBell, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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50
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Monteiro AC, Muenzner JK, Andrade F, Rius FE, Ostalecki C, Geppert CI, Agaimy A, Hartmann A, Fujita A, Schneider-Stock R, Jasiulionis MG. Gene expression and promoter methylation of angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors as prognostic markers in melanoma. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1433-1449. [PMID: 31069961 PMCID: PMC6547615 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The high mortality rate of melanoma is broadly associated with its metastatic potential. Tumor cell dissemination is strictly dependent on vascularization; therefore, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis play an essential role in metastasis. Hence, a better understanding of the players of tumor vascularization and establishing them as new molecular biomarkers might help to overcome the poor prognosis of melanoma patients. Here, we further characterized a linear murine model of melanoma progression and showed that the aggressiveness of melanoma cells is closely associated with high expression of angiogenic factors, such as Vegfc, Angpt2, and Six1, and that blockade of the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway by the inhibitor axitinib abrogates their tumorigenic potential in vitro and in the in vivo chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay. Furthermore, analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas data revealed that the expression of the angiogenic factor ANGPT2 (P‐value = 0.044) and the lymphangiogenic receptor VEGFR‐3 (P‐value = 0.002) were independent prognostic factors of overall survival in melanoma patients. Enhanced reduced representation bisulfite sequencing‐based methylome profiling revealed for the first time a link between abnormal VEGFC, ANGPT2, and SIX1 gene expression and promoter hypomethylation in melanoma cells. In patients, VEGFC (P‐value = 0.031), ANGPT2 (P‐value < 0.001), and SIX1 (P‐value = 0.009) promoter hypomethylation were independent prognostic factors of shorter overall survival. Hence, our data suggest that these angio‐ and lymphangiogenesis factors are potential biomarkers of melanoma prognosis. Moreover, these findings strongly support the applicability of our melanoma progression model to unravel new biomarkers for this aggressive human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Monteiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Experimental Tumor Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Julienne K Muenzner
- Department of Experimental Tumor Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Fernando Andrade
- Department of Computer Science, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia Eichemberger Rius
- Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christian Ostalecki
- Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carol I Geppert
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Abbas Agaimy
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - André Fujita
- Department of Computer Science, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regine Schneider-Stock
- Department of Experimental Tumor Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
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