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Morita T, Nie M, Takeuchi S. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac muscle rings for biohybrid self-beating actuator. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3377-3387. [PMID: 38916038 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00276h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac muscle, a subtype of striated muscle composing our heart, has garnered attention as a source of autonomously driven actuators due to its inherent capability for spontaneous contraction. However, conventional cardiac biohybrid robots have utilized planar (2D) cardiac tissue consisting of a thin monolayer of cardiac myotubes with a thickness of 3-5 μm, which can generate a limited contractile force per unit footprint. In this study, 3D cardiac muscle rings were proposed as robotic actuator units. These units not only exhibit higher contractile force per unit footprint compared to their 2D counterparts due to their increased height, but they can also be integrated into desired 3D configurations. We fabricated cardiac muscle rings from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), evaluated their driving characteristics, and verified the actuation effects by integrating them with artificial components. After the 10th day from culture, the cardiac muscle rings exhibited rhythmic spontaneous contraction and increased contractile force in response to stretching stimuli. Furthermore, after constructing a centimeter-sized biohybrid self-beating actuator with an antagonistic pair structure of cardiac muscle rings, the periodic antagonistic beating motion at its tail portion was confirmed. We believe that 3D cardiac muscle rings, possessing high contractile force and capable of being positioned within limited 3D space, can be used as potent biohybrid robotic actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Morita
- Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Minghao Nie
- Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Shoji Takeuchi
- Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
- Institude of Industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), the University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), 113-0033, Japan
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Wulkan F, Romagnuolo R, Qiang B, Valdman Sadikov T, Kim KP, Quesnel E, Jiang W, Andharia N, Weyers JJ, Ghugre NR, Ozcan B, Alibhai FJ, Laflamme MA. Stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes expressing a dominant negative pacemaker HCN4 channel do not reduce the risk of graft-related arrhythmias. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1374881. [PMID: 39045008 PMCID: PMC11263024 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1374881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) show tremendous promise for cardiac regeneration following myocardial infarction (MI), but their transplantation gives rise to transient ventricular tachycardia (VT) in large-animal MI models, representing a major hurdle to translation. Our group previously reported that these arrhythmias arise from a focal mechanism whereby graft tissue functions as an ectopic pacemaker; therefore, we hypothesized that hPSC-CMs engineered with a dominant negative form of the pacemaker ion channel HCN4 (dnHCN4) would exhibit reduced automaticity and arrhythmogenic risk following transplantation. Methods We used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene-editing to create transgenic dnHCN4 hPSC-CMs, and their electrophysiological behavior was evaluated in vitro by patch-clamp recordings and optical mapping. Next, we transplanted WT and homozygous dnHCN4 hPSC-CMs in a pig MI model and compared post-transplantation outcomes including the incidence of spontaneous arrhythmias and graft structure by immunohistochemistry. Results In vitro dnHCN4 hPSC-CMs exhibited significantly reduced automaticity and pacemaker funny current (I f ) density relative to wildtype (WT) cardiomyocytes. Following transplantation with either dnHCN4 or WT hPSC-CMs, all recipient hearts showed transmural infarct scar that was partially remuscularized by scattered islands of human myocardium. However, in contrast to our hypothesis, both dnHCN4 and WT hPSC-CM recipients exhibited frequent episodes of ventricular tachycardia (VT). Conclusions While genetic silencing of the pacemaker ion channel HCN4 suppresses the automaticity of hPSC-CMs in vitro, this intervention is insufficient to reduce VT risk post-transplantation in the pig MI model, implying more complex mechanism(s) are operational in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Wulkan
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rocco Romagnuolo
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Beiping Qiang
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Elya Quesnel
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wenlei Jiang
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Naaz Andharia
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jill J. Weyers
- Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nilesh R. Ghugre
- Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Schulich Heart Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bilgehan Ozcan
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Faisal J. Alibhai
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael A. Laflamme
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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El Sherbini A, Liblik K, Lee J, Baranchuk A, Zhang S, El-Diasty M. Opioids-induced inhibition of HERG ion channels and sudden cardiac death, a systematic review of current literature. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2024; 34:279-285. [PMID: 37015297 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is estimated that over 60 million individuals regularly use opioids globally, with opioid use disorder increasing substantially in the past decade. Several reports have linked sudden cardiac death, QTc prolongation, and other adverse cardiovascular outcomes with opioid use through their inhibitory effect on the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) ion channel. Therefore, understanding this underlying mechanism may be critical for risk prevention and management in prescribing opioids and treating patients with opioid dependency. AIM The present systematic review summarizes the current literature on the impact of opioids-induced inhibition of HERG channel function and its relationship with sudden cardiac death, QTc prolongation, and other cardiovascular adverse effects. METHODS A systematic review was conducted of the databases PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov of primary studies that reported the effects of opioids on HERG channel function and associated cardiovascular outcomes. RESULTS The search identified 1,546 studies, of which 12 were finally included for data extraction. Based on the current literature, methadone, oliceridine, l-α-acetylmethadol (LAAM), and fentanyl were found to inhibit the HERG channel function and were associated with QTc prolongation. However, other opioids such as morphine, codeine, tramadol, and buprenorphine were not associated with inhibition of HERG channels or QTc prolongation. Additional cardiac outcomes associated with opioid related HERG channels dysfunction included sudden cardiac death and Torsade de Pointes. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that certain opioid consumption may result in the inhibition of HERG channels, subsequently prolonging the QTc interval and increasing patient susceptibility to sudden cardiac death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adham El Sherbini
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Kiera Liblik
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Junsu Lee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Adrian Baranchuk
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Shetuan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammad El-Diasty
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Queen's University, 76 Stuart St, Kingston, ON K7L2V7, Canada.
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Sönmez MI, Goldack S, Nurkkala E, Schulz C, Klampe B, Schulze T, Hansen A, Eschenhagen T, Koivumäki J, Christ T. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived atrial cardiomyocytes recapitulate contribution of the slowly activating delayed rectifier currents IKs to repolarization in the human atrium. Europace 2024; 26:euae140. [PMID: 38788213 PMCID: PMC11167676 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euae140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived atrial cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-aCM) could be a helpful tool to study the physiology and diseases of the human atrium. To fulfil this expectation, the electrophysiology of hiPSC-aCM should closely resemble the situation in the human atrium. Data on the contribution of the slowly activating delayed rectifier currents (IKs) to repolarization are lacking for both human atrium and hiPSC-aCM. METHODS AND RESULTS Human atrial tissues were obtained from patients with sinus rhythm (SR) or atrial fibrillation (AF). Currents were measured in human atrial cardiomyocytes (aCM) and compared with hiPSC-aCM and used to model IKs contribution to action potential (AP) shape. Action potential was recorded by sharp microelectrodes. HMR-1556 (1 µM) was used to identify IKs and to estimate IKs contribution to repolarization. Less than 50% of hiPSC-aCM and aCM possessed IKs. Frequency of occurrence, current densities, activation/deactivation kinetics, and voltage dependency of IKs did not differ significantly between hiPSC-aCM and aCM, neither in SR nor AF. β-Adrenoceptor stimulation with isoprenaline did not increase IKs neither in aCM nor in hiPSC-aCM. In tissue from SR, block of IKs with HMR-1556 did not lengthen the action potential duration, even when repolarization reserve was reduced by block of the ultra-rapid repolarizing current with 4-aminopyridine or the rapidly activating delayed rectifier potassium outward current with E-4031. CONCLUSION I Ks exists in hiPSC-aCM with biophysics not different from aCM. As in adult human atrium (SR and AF), IKs does not appear to relevantly contribute to repolarization in hiPSC-aCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Ikbal Sönmez
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silvana Goldack
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elina Nurkkala
- Tech Unit and Centre of Excellence in Body-on-Chip Research (CoEBoC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finnland
| | - Carl Schulz
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Klampe
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schulze
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arne Hansen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jussi Koivumäki
- Tech Unit and Centre of Excellence in Body-on-Chip Research (CoEBoC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finnland
| | - Torsten Christ
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Butler AS, Ascione R, Marrion NV, Harmer SC, Hancox JC. In situ monolayer patch clamp of acutely stimulated human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes promotes consistent electrophysiological responses to SK channel inhibition. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3185. [PMID: 38326449 PMCID: PMC10850090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) represent an in vitro model of cardiac function. Isolated iPSC-CMs, however, exhibit electrophysiological heterogeneity which hinders their utility in the study of certain cardiac currents. In the healthy adult heart, the current mediated by small conductance, calcium-activated potassium (SK) channels (ISK) is atrial-selective. Functional expression of ISK within atrial-like iPSC-CMs has not been explored thoroughly. The present study therefore aimed to investigate atrial-like iPSC-CMs as a model system for the study of ISK. iPSCs were differentiated using retinoic acid (RA) to produce iPSC-CMs which exhibited an atrial-like phenotype (RA-iPSC-CMs). Only 18% of isolated RA-iPSC-CMs responded to SK channel inhibition by UCL1684 and isolated iPSC-CMs exhibited substantial cell-to-cell electrophysiological heterogeneity. This variability was significantly reduced by patch clamp of RA-iPSC-CMs in situ as a monolayer (iPSC-ML). A novel method of electrical stimulation was developed to facilitate recording from iPSC-MLs via In situ Monolayer Patch clamp of Acutely Stimulated iPSC-CMs (IMPASC). Using IMPASC, > 95% of iPSC-MLs could be paced at a 1 Hz. In contrast to isolated RA-iPSC-CMs, 100% of RA-iPSC-MLs responded to UCL1684, with APD50 being prolonged by 16.0 ± 2.0 ms (p < 0.0001; n = 12). These data demonstrate that in conjunction with IMPASC, RA-iPSC-MLs represent an improved model for the study of ISK. IMPASC may be of wider value in the study of other ion channels that are inconsistently expressed in isolated iPSC-CMs and in pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Butler
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Raimondo Ascione
- Bristol Heart Institute and Translational Biomedical Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Neil V Marrion
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Stephen C Harmer
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
| | - Jules C Hancox
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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Hu W, Zhang W, Zhang K, Al-Moubarak E, Zhang Y, Harmer SC, Hancox JC, Zhang H. Evaluating pro-arrhythmogenic effects of the T634S-hERG mutation: insights from a simulation study. Interface Focus 2023; 13:20230035. [PMID: 38106919 PMCID: PMC10722218 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2023.0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A mutation to serine of a conserved threonine (T634S) in the hERG K+ channel S6 pore region has been identified as a variant of uncertain significance, showing a loss-of-function effect. However, its potential consequences for ventricular excitation and arrhythmogenesis have not been reported. This study evaluated possible functional effects of the T634S-hERG mutation on ventricular excitation and arrhythmogenesis by using multi-scale computer models of the human ventricle. A Markov chain model of the rapid delayed rectifier potassium current (IKr) was reconstructed for wild-type and T634S-hERG mutant conditions and incorporated into the ten Tusscher et al. models of human ventricles at cell and tissue (1D, 2D and 3D) levels. Possible functional impacts of the T634S-hERG mutation were evaluated by its effects on action potential durations (APDs) and their rate-dependence (APDr) at the cell level; and on the QT interval of pseudo-ECGs, tissue vulnerability to unidirectional conduction block (VW), spiral wave dynamics and repolarization dispersion at the tissue level. It was found that the T634S-hERG mutation prolonged cellular APDs, steepened APDr, prolonged the QT interval, increased VW, destablized re-entry and augmented repolarization dispersion across the ventricle. Collectively, these results imply potential pro-arrhythmic effects of the T634S-hERG mutation, consistent with LQT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Biological Physics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- College of Computer and Information Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kevin Zhang
- Southmead Hospital, North Bristol Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Ehab Al-Moubarak
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Yihong Zhang
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Stephen C. Harmer
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Jules C. Hancox
- Biological Physics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Henggui Zhang
- Biological Physics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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Liu S, Fang C, Zhong C, Li J, Xiao Q. Recent advances in pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac organoids and heart-on-chip applications for studying anti-cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:2527-2549. [PMID: 37889357 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-023-09835-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) caused by anti-cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity is now the second leading cause of mortality among cancer survivors. It is necessary to establish efficient in vitro models for early predicting the potential cardiotoxicity of anti-cancer drugs, as well as for screening drugs that would alleviate cardiotoxicity during and post treatment. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have opened up new avenues in cardio-oncology. With the breakthrough of tissue engineering technology, a variety of hiPSC-derived cardiac microtissues or organoids have been recently reported, which have shown enormous potential in studying cardiotoxicity. Moreover, using hiPSC-derived heart-on-chip for studying cardiotoxicity has provided novel insights into the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we summarize different types of anti-cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicities and present an extensive overview on the applications of hiPSC-derived cardiac microtissues, cardiac organoids, and heart-on-chips in cardiotoxicity. Finally, we highlight clinical and translational challenges around hiPSC-derived cardiac microtissues/organoids/heart-on chips and their applications in anti-cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity. • Anti-cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicities represent pressing challenges for cancer treatments, and cardiovascular disease is the second leading cause of mortality among cancer survivors. • Newly reported in vitro models such as hiPSC-derived cardiac microtissues/organoids/chips show enormous potential for studying cardio-oncology. • Emerging evidence supports that hiPSC-derived cardiac organoids and heart-on-chip are promising in vitro platforms for predicting and minimizing anti-cancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology and Precision Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Heart Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Chongkai Fang
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology and Precision Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Heart Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Chong Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jing Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Qingzhong Xiao
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology and Precision Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Heart Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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Schwarzová B, Stüdemann T, Sönmez M, Rössinger J, Pan B, Eschenhagen T, Stenzig J, Wiegert JS, Christ T, Weinberger F. Modulating cardiac physiology in engineered heart tissue with the bidirectional optogenetic tool BiPOLES. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1463-1477. [PMID: 37863976 PMCID: PMC10730631 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02869-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Optogenetic actuators are rapidly advancing tools used to control physiology in excitable cells, such as neurons and cardiomyocytes. In neuroscience, these tools have been used to either excite or inhibit neuronal activity. Cell type-targeted actuators have allowed to study the function of distinct cell populations. Whereas the first described cation channelrhodopsins allowed to excite specific neuronal cell populations, anion channelrhodopsins were used to inhibit neuronal activity. To allow for simultaneous excitation and inhibition, opsin combinations with low spectral overlap were introduced. BiPOLES (Bidirectional Pair of Opsins for Light-induced Excitation and Silencing) is a bidirectional optogenetic tool consisting of the anion channel Guillardia theta anion-conducting channelrhodopsin 2 (GtACR2 with a blue excitation spectrum and the red-shifted cation channel Chrimson. Here, we studied the effects of BiPOLES activation in cardiomyocytes. For this, we knocked in BiPOLES into the adeno-associated virus integration site 1 (AAVS1) locus of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC), subjected these to cardiac differentiation, and generated BiPOLES expressing engineered heart tissue (EHT) for physiological characterization. Continuous light application activating either GtACR2 or Chrimson resulted in cardiomyocyte depolarization and thus stopped EHT contractility. In contrast, short light pulses, with red as well as with blue light, triggered action potentials (AP) up to a rate of 240 bpm. In summary, we demonstrate that cation, as well as anion channelrhodopsins, can be used to activate stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes with pulsed photostimulation but also to silence cardiac contractility with prolonged photostimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Schwarzová
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Stüdemann
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Berlin, Germany
| | - Muhammed Sönmez
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Berlin, Germany
| | - Judith Rössinger
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bangfen Pan
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Berlin, Germany
| | - Justus Stenzig
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Simon Wiegert
- Research Group Synaptic Wiring and Information Processing, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Torsten Christ
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Weinberger
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Berlin, Germany.
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9
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Schulz C, Sönmez M, Krause J, Schwedhelm E, Bangfen P, Alihodzic D, Hansen A, Eschenhagen T, Christ T. A critical role of retinoic acid concentration for the induction of a fully human-like atrial action potential phenotype in hiPSC-CM. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:2096-2107. [PMID: 37922915 PMCID: PMC10679650 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) induces an atrial phenotype in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), but expression of atrium-selective currents such as the ultrarapid (IKur) and acetylcholine-stimulated K+ current is variable and less than in the adult human atrium. We suspected methodological issues and systematically investigated the concentration dependency of RA. RA treatment increased IKur concentration dependently from 1.1 ± 0.54 pA/pF (0 RA) to 3.8 ± 1.1, 5.8 ± 2.5, and 12.2 ± 4.3 at 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μM, respectively. Only 1 μM RA induced enough IKur to fully reproduce human atrial action potential (AP) shape and a robust shortening of APs upon carbachol. We found that sterile filtration caused substantial loss of RA. We conclude that 1 μM RA seems to be necessary and sufficient to induce a full atrial AP shape in hiPSC-CM in EHT format. RA concentrations are prone to methodological issues and may profoundly impact the success of atrial differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Schulz
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Muhammed Sönmez
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Krause
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Edzard Schwedhelm
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pan Bangfen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dzenefa Alihodzic
- Hospital Pharmacy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arne Hansen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Torsten Christ
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.
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10
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Sharma AK, Singh S, Bhat M, Gill K, Zaid M, Kumar S, Shakya A, Tantray J, Jose D, Gupta R, Yangzom T, Sharma RK, Sahu SK, Rathore G, Chandolia P, Singh M, Mishra A, Raj S, Gupta A, Agarwal M, Kifayat S, Gupta A, Gupta P, Vashist A, Vaibhav P, Kathuria N, Yadav V, Singh RP, Garg A. New drug discovery of cardiac anti-arrhythmic drugs: insights in animal models. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16420. [PMID: 37775650 PMCID: PMC10541452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41942-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac rhythm regulated by micro-macroscopic structures of heart. Pacemaker abnormalities or disruptions in electrical conduction, lead to arrhythmic disorders may be benign, typical, threatening, ultimately fatal, occurs in clinical practice, patients on digitalis, anaesthesia or acute myocardial infarction. Both traditional and genetic animal models are: In-vitro: Isolated ventricular Myocytes, Guinea pig papillary muscles, Patch-Clamp Experiments, Porcine Atrial Myocytes, Guinea pig ventricular myocytes, Guinea pig papillary muscle: action potential and refractory period, Langendorff technique, Arrhythmia by acetylcholine or potassium. Acquired arrhythmia disorders: Transverse Aortic Constriction, Myocardial Ischemia, Complete Heart Block and AV Node Ablation, Chronic Tachypacing, Inflammation, Metabolic and Drug-Induced Arrhythmia. In-Vivo: Chemically induced arrhythmia: Aconitine antagonism, Digoxin-induced arrhythmia, Strophanthin/ouabain-induced arrhythmia, Adrenaline-induced arrhythmia, and Calcium-induced arrhythmia. Electrically induced arrhythmia: Ventricular fibrillation electrical threshold, Arrhythmia through programmed electrical stimulation, sudden coronary death in dogs, Exercise ventricular fibrillation. Genetic Arrhythmia: Channelopathies, Calcium Release Deficiency Syndrome, Long QT Syndrome, Short QT Syndrome, Brugada Syndrome. Genetic with Structural Heart Disease: Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia, Dilated Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Atrial Fibrillation, Sick Sinus Syndrome, Atrioventricular Block, Preexcitation Syndrome. Arrhythmia in Pluripotent Stem Cell Cardiomyocytes. Conclusion: Both traditional and genetic, experimental models of cardiac arrhythmias' characteristics and significance help in development of new antiarrhythmic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar Sharma
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India.
| | - Shivam Singh
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Mehvish Bhat
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Kartik Gill
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Mohammad Zaid
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Anjali Shakya
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Junaid Tantray
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Divyamol Jose
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Rashmi Gupta
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Tsering Yangzom
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Sharma
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | | | - Gulshan Rathore
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Priyanka Chandolia
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Mithilesh Singh
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Anurag Mishra
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Shobhit Raj
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Archita Gupta
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Mohit Agarwal
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Sumaiya Kifayat
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Anamika Gupta
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Prashant Gupta
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Ankit Vashist
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Parth Vaibhav
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Nancy Kathuria
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Vipin Yadav
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Ravindra Pal Singh
- NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Arun Garg
- MVN University, Palwal, Haryana, India
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11
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Krause J, Nickel A, Madsen A, Aitken-Buck HM, Stoter AMS, Schrapers J, Ojeda F, Geiger K, Kern M, Kohlhaas M, Bertero E, Hofmockel P, Hübner F, Assum I, Heinig M, Müller C, Hansen A, Krause T, Park DD, Just S, Aïssi D, Börnigen D, Lindner D, Friedrich N, Alhussini K, Bening C, Schnabel RB, Karakas M, Iacoviello L, Salomaa V, Linneberg A, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Kuulasmaa K, Kirchhof P, Blankenberg S, Christ T, Eschenhagen T, Lamberts RR, Maack C, Stenzig J, Zeller T. An arrhythmogenic metabolite in atrial fibrillation. J Transl Med 2023; 21:566. [PMID: 37620858 PMCID: PMC10464005 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04420-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-chain acyl-carnitines (ACs) are potential arrhythmogenic metabolites. Their role in atrial fibrillation (AF) remains incompletely understood. Using a systems medicine approach, we assessed the contribution of C18:1AC to AF by analysing its in vitro effects on cardiac electrophysiology and metabolism, and translated our findings into the human setting. METHODS AND RESULTS Human iPSC-derived engineered heart tissue was exposed to C18:1AC. A biphasic effect on contractile force was observed: short exposure enhanced contractile force, but elicited spontaneous contractions and impaired Ca2+ handling. Continuous exposure provoked an impairment of contractile force. In human atrial mitochondria from AF individuals, C18:1AC inhibited respiration. In a population-based cohort as well as a cohort of patients, high C18:1AC serum concentrations were associated with the incidence and prevalence of AF. CONCLUSION Our data provide evidence for an arrhythmogenic potential of the metabolite C18:1AC. The metabolite interferes with mitochondrial metabolism, thereby contributing to contractile dysfunction and shows predictive potential as novel circulating biomarker for risk of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krause
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Nickel
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Madsen
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hamish M Aitken-Buck
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - A M Stella Stoter
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Schrapers
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francisco Ojeda
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kira Geiger
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Kern
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Kohlhaas
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Edoardo Bertero
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Hofmockel
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Hübner
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ines Assum
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Informatics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Heinig
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Informatics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Müller
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arne Hansen
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Krause
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Deung-Dae Park
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Steffen Just
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dylan Aïssi
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Börnigen
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diana Lindner
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Khaled Alhussini
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Constanze Bening
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Renate B Schnabel
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mahir Karakas
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Kari Kuulasmaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Christ
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Regis R Lamberts
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Christoph Maack
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Justus Stenzig
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.
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12
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Vuorenpää H, Björninen M, Välimäki H, Ahola A, Kroon M, Honkamäki L, Koivumäki JT, Pekkanen-Mattila M. Building blocks of microphysiological system to model physiology and pathophysiology of human heart. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1213959. [PMID: 37485060 PMCID: PMC10358860 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1213959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Microphysiological systems (MPS) are drawing increasing interest from academia and from biomedical industry due to their improved capability to capture human physiology. MPS offer an advanced in vitro platform that can be used to study human organ and tissue level functions in health and in diseased states more accurately than traditional single cell cultures or even animal models. Key features in MPS include microenvironmental control and monitoring as well as high biological complexity of the target tissue. To reach these qualities, cross-disciplinary collaboration from multiple fields of science is required to build MPS. Here, we review different areas of expertise and describe essential building blocks of heart MPS including relevant cardiac cell types, supporting matrix, mechanical stimulation, functional measurements, and computational modelling. The review presents current methods in cardiac MPS and provides insights for future MPS development with improved recapitulation of human physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Vuorenpää
- Centre of Excellence in Body-on-Chip Research (CoEBoC), BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Miina Björninen
- Centre of Excellence in Body-on-Chip Research (CoEBoC), BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Adult Stem Cell Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Research, Development and Innovation Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hannu Välimäki
- Centre of Excellence in Body-on-Chip Research (CoEBoC), BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Micro- and Nanosystems Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Antti Ahola
- Centre of Excellence in Body-on-Chip Research (CoEBoC), BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Computational Biophysics and Imaging Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mart Kroon
- Centre of Excellence in Body-on-Chip Research (CoEBoC), BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Laura Honkamäki
- Centre of Excellence in Body-on-Chip Research (CoEBoC), BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Neuro Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jussi T. Koivumäki
- Centre of Excellence in Body-on-Chip Research (CoEBoC), BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Computational Biophysics and Imaging Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Pekkanen-Mattila
- Centre of Excellence in Body-on-Chip Research (CoEBoC), BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Heart Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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13
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Van de Sande D, Ghasemi M, Watters T, Burton F, Pham L, Altrocchi C, Gallacher DJ, Lu H, Smith G. Does Enhanced Structural Maturity of hiPSC-Cardiomyocytes Better for the Detection of Drug-Induced Cardiotoxicity? Biomolecules 2023; 13:676. [PMID: 37189424 PMCID: PMC10135569 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are currently used following the Comprehensive in vitro Proarrhythmic Assay (CiPA) initiative and subsequent recommendations in the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines S7B and E14 Q&A, to detect drug-induced cardiotoxicity. Monocultures of hiPSC-CMs are immature compared to adult ventricular cardiomyocytes and might lack the native heterogeneous nature. We investigated whether hiPSC-CMs, treated to enhance structural maturity, are superior in detecting drug-induced changes in electrophysiology and contraction. This was achieved by comparing hiPSC-CMs cultured in 2D monolayers on the current standard (fibronectin matrix, FM), to monolayers on a coating known to promote structural maturity (CELLvo™ Matrix Plus, MM). Functional assessment of electrophysiology and contractility was made using a high-throughput screening approach involving the use of both voltage-sensitive fluorescent dyes for electrophysiology and video technology for contractility. Using 11 reference drugs, the response of the monolayer of hiPSC-CMs was comparable in the two experimental settings (FM and MM). The data showed no functionally relevant differences in electrophysiology between hiPSC-CMs in standard FM and MM, while contractility read-outs indicated an altered amplitude of contraction but not changes in time course. RNA profiling for cardiac proteins shows similarity of the RNA expression across the two forms of 2D culture, suggesting that cell-to-matrix adhesion differences may explain account for differences in contraction amplitude. The results support the view that hiPSC-CMs in both 2D monolayer FM and MM that promote structural maturity are equally effective in detecting drug-induced electrophysiological effects in functional safety studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Van de Sande
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Nonclinical Safety, Janssen Pharmaceutical NV, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Mohammadreza Ghasemi
- School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- Clyde Biosciences Limited, BioCity Scotland, Lanarkshire ML1 5UH, Scotland, UK
| | - Taylor Watters
- School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- Clyde Biosciences Limited, BioCity Scotland, Lanarkshire ML1 5UH, Scotland, UK
| | - Francis Burton
- School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- Clyde Biosciences Limited, BioCity Scotland, Lanarkshire ML1 5UH, Scotland, UK
| | - Ly Pham
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Nonclinical Safety, Janssen Pharmaceutical NV, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Cristina Altrocchi
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Nonclinical Safety, Janssen Pharmaceutical NV, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - David J. Gallacher
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Nonclinical Safety, Janssen Pharmaceutical NV, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Huarong Lu
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Nonclinical Safety, Janssen Pharmaceutical NV, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Godfrey Smith
- School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- Clyde Biosciences Limited, BioCity Scotland, Lanarkshire ML1 5UH, Scotland, UK
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14
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Seibertz F, Sutanto H, Dülk R, Pronto JRD, Springer R, Rapedius M, Liutkute A, Ritter M, Jung P, Stelzer L, Hüsgen LM, Klopp M, Rubio T, Fakuade FE, Mason FE, Hartmann N, Pabel S, Streckfuss-Bömeke K, Cyganek L, Sossalla S, Heijman J, Voigt N. Electrophysiological and calcium-handling development during long-term culture of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:14. [PMID: 37020075 PMCID: PMC10076390 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00973-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are increasingly used for personalised medicine and preclinical cardiotoxicity testing. Reports on hiPSC-CM commonly describe heterogenous functional readouts and underdeveloped or immature phenotypical properties. Cost-effective, fully defined monolayer culture is approaching mainstream adoption; however, the optimal age at which to utilise hiPSC-CM is unknown. In this study, we identify, track and model the dynamic developmental behaviour of key ionic currents and Ca2+-handling properties in hiPSC-CM over long-term culture (30-80 days). hiPSC-CMs > 50 days post differentiation show significantly larger ICa,L density along with an increased ICa,L-triggered Ca2+-transient. INa and IK1 densities significantly increase in late-stage cells, contributing to increased upstroke velocity and reduced action potential duration, respectively. Importantly, our in silico model of hiPSC-CM electrophysiological age dependence confirmed IK1 as the key ionic determinant of action potential shortening in older cells. We have made this model available through an open source software interface that easily allows users to simulate hiPSC-CM electrophysiology and Ca2+-handling and select the appropriate age range for their parameter of interest. This tool, together with the insights from our comprehensive experimental characterisation, could be useful in future optimisation of the culture-to-characterisation pipeline in the field of hiPSC-CM research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitzwilliam Seibertz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Henry Sutanto
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rebekka Dülk
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julius Ryan D Pronto
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robin Springer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Aiste Liutkute
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Melanie Ritter
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Jung
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lea Stelzer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luisa M Hüsgen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marie Klopp
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tony Rubio
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Funsho E Fakuade
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Fleur E Mason
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nico Hartmann
- Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Steffen Pabel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Streckfuss-Bömeke
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Cyganek
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Samuel Sossalla
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jordi Heijman
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Niels Voigt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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15
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Altomare C, Bartolucci C, Sala L, Balbi C, Burrello J, Pietrogiovanna N, Burrello A, Bolis S, Panella S, Arici M, Krause R, Rocchetti M, Severi S, Barile L. A dynamic clamping approach using in silico IK1 current for discrimination of chamber-specific hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Commun Biol 2023; 6:291. [PMID: 36934210 PMCID: PMC10024709 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (CM) constitute a mixed population of ventricular-, atrial-, nodal-like cells, limiting the reliability for studying chamber-specific disease mechanisms. Previous studies characterised CM phenotype based on action potential (AP) morphology, but the classification criteria were still undefined. Our aim was to use in silico models to develop an automated approach for discriminating the electrophysiological differences between hiPSC-CM. We propose the dynamic clamp (DC) technique with the injection of a specific IK1 current as a tool for deriving nine electrical biomarkers and blindly classifying differentiated CM. An unsupervised learning algorithm was applied to discriminate CM phenotypes and principal component analysis was used to visualise cell clustering. Pharmacological validation was performed by specific ion channel blocker and receptor agonist. The proposed approach improves the translational relevance of the hiPSC-CM model for studying mechanisms underlying inherited or acquired atrial arrhythmias in human CM, and for screening anti-arrhythmic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Altomare
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
- Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Euler institute, Università Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Bartolucci
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering 'Guglielmo Marconi', University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Luca Sala
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Carolina Balbi
- Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jacopo Burrello
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
- Division of Internal Medicine 4 and Hypertension Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Nicole Pietrogiovanna
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Burrello
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering (DEI), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Bolis
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
- Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Panella
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland
- Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Martina Arici
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Rolf Krause
- Euler institute, Università Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Marcella Rocchetti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Severi
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering 'Guglielmo Marconi', University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy.
| | - Lucio Barile
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland.
- Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
- Euler institute, Università Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.
- Institute of Life Science, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
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16
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ActionPytential: An open source tool for analyzing and visualizing cardiac action potential data. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14440. [PMID: 36967904 PMCID: PMC10031321 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The action potential forms the basis of cardiac pacemaking, conduction, and contraction. Action potentials can be recorded from numerous preparation types, including ventricular or atrial trabecules, Purkinje fibers, isolated cardiac myocytes. Numerous techniques are also available as well, such as the conventional microelectrode and the single-cell current clamp techniques, optical mapping, or in silico modeling. With such a vast array of electrophysiological methods comes an array of available hardware and software solutions. In this work, we present a software with an intuitive graphical user interface, ActionPytential, that enables the analysis of any type of cardiac action potential, regardless of acquisition method or tissue type. In most available software tools, the analysis of continuous (gap-free) recordings often requires manual user interaction to segment the individual action potentials. We provide an automated solution for this, both for slow-response and for externally paced action potentials. As of now, ActionPytential calculates 34 parameters from each action potential. The most often utilized ones, including amplitude, maximal rate of depolarization, and action potential duration values, were validated on 1200 action potentials from human, dog, rabbit, guinea pig, and rat cardiac preparations. We also provide new parameters that were previously only measurable manually, including the position and the depth of the notch in potentials showing a spike-and-dome morphology. Further notable features include a Butterworth-type low-pass filter, the averaging of multiple potentials, automated corrections for baseline drifting, aided manual analysis, high-quality plots, and batch processing for any number of potentials. ActionPytential is available for all major platforms (Windows, MacOS, GNU + Linux, BSD).
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17
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Schulz C, Lemoine MD, Mearini G, Koivumäki J, Sani J, Schwedhelm E, Kirchhof P, Ghalawinji A, Stoll M, Hansen A, Eschenhagen T, Christ T. PITX2 Knockout Induces Key Findings of Electrical Remodeling as Seen in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2023; 16:e011602. [PMID: 36763906 DOI: 10.1161/circep.122.011602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electrical remodeling in human persistent atrial fibrillation is believed to result from rapid electrical activation of the atria, but underlying genetic causes may contribute. Indeed, common gene variants in an enhancer region close to PITX2 (paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2) are strongly associated with atrial fibrillation, but the mechanism behind this association remains unknown. This study evaluated the consequences of PITX2 deletion (PITX2-/-) in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived atrial cardiomyocytes. METHODS CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated 9) was used to delete PITX2 in a healthy human iPSC line that served as isogenic control. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived atrial cardiomyocytes were differentiated with unfiltered retinoic acid and cultured in atrial engineered heart tissue. Force and action potential were measured in atrial engineered heart tissues. Single human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived atrial cardiomyocytes were isolated from atrial engineered heart tissue for ion current measurements. RESULTS PITX2-/- atrial engineered heart tissue beats slightly slower than isogenic control without irregularity. Force was lower in PITX2-/- than in isogenic control (0.053±0.015 versus 0.131±0.017 mN, n=28/3 versus n=28/4, PITX2-/- versus isogenic control; P<0.0001), accompanied by lower expression of CACNA1C and lower L-type Ca2+ current density. Early repolarization was weaker (action potential duration at 20% repolarization; 45.5±13.2 versus 8.6±5.3 ms, n=18/3 versus n=12/4, PITX2-/- versus isogenic control; P<0.0001), and maximum diastolic potential was more negative (-78.3±3.1 versus -69.7±0.6 mV, n=18/3 versus n=12/4, PITX2-/- versus isogenic control; P=0.001), despite normal inward rectifier currents (both IK1 and IK,ACh) and carbachol-induced shortening of action potential duration. CONCLUSIONS Complete PITX2 deficiency in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived atrial cardiomyocytes recapitulates some findings of electrical remodeling of atrial fibrillation in the absence of fast beating, indicating that these abnormalities could be primary consequences of lower PITX2 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Schulz
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.S., M.D.L., G.M., J.S., A.H., T.E., T.C.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (C.S., M.D.L., G.M., J.S., E.S., P.K.)
| | - Marc D Lemoine
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.S., M.D.L., G.M., J.S., A.H., T.E., T.C.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (C.S., M.D.L., G.M., J.S., E.S., P.K.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany (M.D.L., A.H., P.K., T.E., T.C.)
| | - Giulia Mearini
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.S., M.D.L., G.M., J.S., A.H., T.E., T.C.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (C.S., M.D.L., G.M., J.S., E.S., P.K.)
- DiNAQOR AG, Pfäffikon, Switzerland (G.M., P.K.)
| | - Jussi Koivumäki
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Finland (J.K.)
| | - Jascha Sani
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.S., M.D.L., G.M., J.S., A.H., T.E., T.C.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (C.S., M.D.L., G.M., J.S., E.S., P.K.)
| | - Edzard Schwedhelm
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.S.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (C.S., M.D.L., G.M., J.S., E.S., P.K.)
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (C.S., M.D.L., G.M., J.S., E.S., P.K.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany (M.D.L., A.H., P.K., T.E., T.C.)
- DiNAQOR AG, Pfäffikon, Switzerland (G.M., P.K.)
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom (P.K.)
| | - Amer Ghalawinji
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Germany (A.G., M.S.)
| | - Monika Stoll
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Germany (A.G., M.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Sciences, Maastricht University, the Netherlands (M.S.)
| | - Arne Hansen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.S., M.D.L., G.M., J.S., A.H., T.E., T.C.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany (M.D.L., A.H., P.K., T.E., T.C.)
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.S., M.D.L., G.M., J.S., A.H., T.E., T.C.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany (M.D.L., A.H., P.K., T.E., T.C.)
| | - Torsten Christ
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.S., M.D.L., G.M., J.S., A.H., T.E., T.C.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany (M.D.L., A.H., P.K., T.E., T.C.)
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18
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Abstract
Heart disease is a significant burden on global health care systems and is a leading cause of death each year. To improve our understanding of heart disease, high quality disease models are needed. These will facilitate the discovery and development of new treatments for heart disease. Traditionally, researchers have relied on 2D monolayer systems or animal models of heart disease to elucidate pathophysiology and drug responses. Heart-on-a-chip (HOC) technology is an emerging field where cardiomyocytes among other cell types in the heart can be used to generate functional, beating cardiac microtissues that recapitulate many features of the human heart. HOC models are showing great promise as disease modeling platforms and are poised to serve as important tools in the drug development pipeline. By leveraging advances in human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte biology and microfabrication technology, diseased HOCs are highly tuneable and can be generated via different approaches such as: using cells with defined genetic backgrounds (patient-derived cells), adding small molecules, modifying the cells' environment, altering cell ratio/composition of microtissues, among others. HOCs have been used to faithfully model aspects of arrhythmia, fibrosis, infection, cardiomyopathies, and ischemia, to name a few. In this review, we highlight recent advances in disease modeling using HOC systems, describing instances where these models outperformed other models in terms of reproducing disease phenotypes and/or led to drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Mourad
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Ryan Yee
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Sara S Nunes
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Ajmera Transplant Center (S.S.N.), University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering (O.M., R.Y., M.L., S.S.N.), University of Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (S.S.N.), University of Toronto, Canada.,Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence (S.S.N.), University of Toronto, Canada
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19
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Min S, Cho SW. Engineered human cardiac tissues for modeling heart diseases. BMB Rep 2023; 56:32-42. [PMID: 36443005 PMCID: PMC9887099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart disease is one of the major life-threatening diseases with high mortality and incidence worldwide. Several model systems, such as primary cells and animals, have been used to understand heart diseases and establish appropriate treatments. However, they have limitations in accuracy and reproducibility in recapitulating disease pathophysiology and evaluating drug responses. In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) cardiac tissue models produced using tissue engineering technology and human cells have outperformed conventional models. In particular, the integration of cell reprogramming techniques with bioengineering platforms (e.g., microfluidics, scaffolds, bioprinting, and biophysical stimuli) has facilitated the development of heart-ona- chip, cardiac spheroid/organoid, and engineered heart tissue (EHT) to recapitulate the structural and functional features of the native human heart. These cardiac models have improved heart disease modeling and toxicological evaluation. In this review, we summarize the cell types for the fabrication of cardiac tissue models, introduce diverse 3D human cardiac tissue models, and discuss the strategies to enhance their complexity and maturity. Finally, recent studies in the modeling of various heart diseases are reviewed. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(1): 32-42].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Min
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea,Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, Korea,Corresponding author. Tel: +82-2-2123-5662; Fax: +82-2-362-7265; E-mail:
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20
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Min S, Cho SW. Engineered human cardiac tissues for modeling heart diseases. BMB Rep 2023; 56:32-42. [PMID: 36443005 PMCID: PMC9887099 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart disease is one of the major life-threatening diseases with high mortality and incidence worldwide. Several model systems, such as primary cells and animals, have been used to understand heart diseases and establish appropriate treatments. However, they have limitations in accuracy and reproducibility in recapitulating disease pathophysiology and evaluating drug responses. In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) cardiac tissue models produced using tissue engineering technology and human cells have outperformed conventional models. In particular, the integration of cell reprogramming techniques with bioengineering platforms (e.g., microfluidics, scaffolds, bioprinting, and biophysical stimuli) has facilitated the development of heart-ona- chip, cardiac spheroid/organoid, and engineered heart tissue (EHT) to recapitulate the structural and functional features of the native human heart. These cardiac models have improved heart disease modeling and toxicological evaluation. In this review, we summarize the cell types for the fabrication of cardiac tissue models, introduce diverse 3D human cardiac tissue models, and discuss the strategies to enhance their complexity and maturity. Finally, recent studies in the modeling of various heart diseases are reviewed. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(1): 32-42].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Min
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, Korea
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21
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Ismaili D, Schulz C, Horváth A, Koivumäki JT, Mika D, Hansen A, Eschenhagen T, Christ T. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes as an electrophysiological model: Opportunities and challenges-The Hamburg perspective. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1132165. [PMID: 36875015 PMCID: PMC9978010 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1132165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Models based on human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) are proposed in almost any field of physiology and pharmacology. The development of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes is expected to become a step forward to increase the translational power of cardiovascular research. Importantly they should allow to study genetic effects on an electrophysiological background close to the human situation. However, biological and methodological issues revealed when human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes were used in experimental electrophysiology. We will discuss some of the challenges that should be considered when human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes will be used as a physiological model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djemail Ismaili
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carl Schulz
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - András Horváth
- Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jussi T Koivumäki
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Delphine Mika
- Inserm, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Arne Hansen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Christ
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
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22
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Li J, Wiesinger A, Fokkert L, Boukens BJ, Verkerk AO, Christoffels VM, Boink GJ, Devalla HD. Molecular and electrophysiological evaluation of human cardiomyocyte subtypes to facilitate generation of composite cardiac models. J Tissue Eng 2022; 13:20417314221127908. [PMID: 36277058 PMCID: PMC9583221 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221127908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Paucity of physiologically relevant cardiac models has limited the widespread application of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes in drug development. Here, we performed comprehensive characterization of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocyte subtypes from 2D and 3D cultures and established a novel 3D model to study impulse initiation and propagation. Directed differentiation approaches were used to generate sinoatrial nodal (SANCM), atrial (ACM) and ventricular cardiomyocytes (VCM). Single cell RNA sequencing established that the protocols yield distinct cell populations in line with expected identities, which was also confirmed by electrophysiological characterization. In 3D EHT cultures of all subtypes, we observed prominent expression of stretch-responsive genes such as NPPA. Response to rate modulating drugs noradrenaline, carbachol and ivabradine were comparable in single cells and EHTs. Differences in the speed of impulse propagation between the subtypes were more pronounced in EHTs compared with 2D monolayers owing to a progressive increase in conduction velocities in atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes, in line with a more mature phenotype. In a novel binary EHT model of pacemaker-atrial interface, the SANCM end of the tissue consistently paced the EHTs under baseline conditions, which was inhibited by ivabradine. Taken together, our data provide comprehensive insights into molecular and electrophysiological properties of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocyte subtypes, facilitating the creation of next generation composite cardiac models for drug discovery, disease modeling and cell-based regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuru Li
- Department of Medical Biology,
Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Wiesinger
- Department of Medical Biology,
Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
| | - Lianne Fokkert
- Department of Medical Biology,
Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan J. Boukens
- Department of Medical Biology,
Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
| | - Arie O. Verkerk
- Department of Medical Biology,
Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands,Department of Experimental Cardiology,
Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
| | - Vincent M. Christoffels
- Department of Medical Biology,
Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
| | - Gerard J.J. Boink
- Department of Medical Biology,
Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands,Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam
University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands
| | - Harsha D. Devalla
- Department of Medical Biology,
Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The
Netherlands,Harsha D Devalla, Department of Medical
Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam,
Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
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23
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Ismaili D, Gurr K, Horváth A, Yuan L, Lemoine MD, Schulz C, Sani J, Petersen J, Reichenspurner H, Kirchhof P, Jespersen T, Eschenhagen T, Hansen A, Koivumäki JT, Christ T. Regulation of APD and Force by the Na +/Ca 2+ Exchanger in Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Engineered Heart Tissue. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152424. [PMID: 35954268 PMCID: PMC9368200 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological importance of NCX in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) is not well characterized but may depend on the relative strength of the current, compared to adult cardiomyocytes, and on the exact spatial arrangement of proteins involved in Ca2+ extrusion. Here, we determined NCX currents and its contribution to action potential and force in hiPSC-CMs cultured in engineered heart tissue (EHT). The results were compared with data from rat and human left ventricular tissue. The NCX currents in hiPSC-CMs were larger than in ventricular cardiomyocytes isolated from human left ventricles (1.3 ± 0.2 pA/pF and 3.2 ± 0.2 pA/pF for human ventricle and EHT, respectively, p < 0.05). SEA0400 (10 µM) markedly shortened the APD90 in EHT (by 26.6 ± 5%, p < 0.05) and, to a lesser extent, in rat ventricular tissue (by 10.7 ± 1.6%, p < 0.05). Shortening in human left ventricular preparations was small and not different from time-matched controls (TMCs; p > 0.05). Force was increased by the NCX block in rat ventricle (by 31 ± 5.4%, p < 0.05) and EHT (by 20.8 ± 3.9%, p < 0.05), but not in human left ventricular preparations. In conclusion, hiPSC-CMs possess NCX currents not smaller than human left ventricular tissue. Robust NCX block-induced APD shortening and inotropy makes EHT an attractive pharmacological model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djemail Ismaili
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (D.I.); (T.C.); Tel.: +49-40-7410-42414 (T.C.)
| | - Katrin Gurr
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - András Horváth
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lei Yuan
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc D. Lemoine
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carl Schulz
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jascha Sani
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Petersen
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart and Vascular Center, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Reichenspurner
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart and Vascular Center, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Thomas Jespersen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart and Vascular Center, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arne Hansen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jussi T. Koivumäki
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Torsten Christ
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (D.I.); (T.C.); Tel.: +49-40-7410-42414 (T.C.)
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24
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Wang Q, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Li Z, Cheng H, Lin Y, Zhu Y, Chen H, Cui C, Chen M. Generation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (JSPHi002-A) from a patient with long-QT syndrome type 1 caused by KCNQ1 c.773A > T mutation. Stem Cell Res 2022; 62:102810. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2022.102810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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25
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Tani H, Tohyama S. Human Engineered Heart Tissue Models for Disease Modeling and Drug Discovery. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:855763. [PMID: 35433691 PMCID: PMC9008275 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.855763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and efficient differentiation of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) induced from diseased donors have the potential to recapitulate the molecular and functional features of the human heart. Although the immaturity of hiPSC-CMs, including the structure, gene expression, conduct, ion channel density, and Ca2+ kinetics, is a major challenge, various attempts to promote maturation have been effective. Three-dimensional cardiac models using hiPSC-CMs have achieved these functional and morphological maturations, and disease models using patient-specific hiPSC-CMs have furthered our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and effective therapies for diseases. Aside from the mechanisms of diseases and drug responses, hiPSC-CMs also have the potential to evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs in a human context before a candidate drug enters the market and many phases of clinical trials. In fact, novel drug testing paradigms have suggested that these cells can be used to better predict the proarrhythmic risk of candidate drugs. In this review, we overview the current strategies of human engineered heart tissue models with a focus on major cardiac diseases and discuss perspectives and future directions for the real application of hiPSC-CMs and human engineered heart tissue for disease modeling, drug development, clinical trials, and cardiotoxicity tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Tani
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shugo Tohyama
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shugo Tohyama,
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26
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Birnbaum F, Eguchi A, Pardon G, Chang ACY, Blau HM. Tamoxifen treatment ameliorates contractile dysfunction of Duchenne muscular dystrophy stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes on bioengineered substrates. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:19. [PMID: 35304486 PMCID: PMC8933505 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive genetic myopathy that leads to heart failure from dilated cardiomyopathy by early adulthood. Recent evidence suggests that tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator widely used to treat breast cancer, ameliorates DMD cardiomyopathy. However, the mechanism of action of 4-hydroxytamoxifen, the active metabolite of tamoxifen, on cardiomyocyte function remains unclear. To examine the effects of chronic 4-hydroxytamoxifen treatment, we used state-of-the-art human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) and a bioengineered platform to model DMD. We assessed the beating rate and beating velocity of iPSC-CMs in monolayers and as single cells on micropatterns that promote a physiological cardiomyocyte morphology. We found that 4-hydroxytamoxifen treatment of DMD iPSC-CMs decreased beating rate, increased beating velocity, and ameliorated calcium-handling deficits, leading to prolonged viability. Our study highlights the utility of a bioengineered iPSC-CM platform for drug testing and underscores the potential of repurposing tamoxifen as a therapy for DMD cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foster Birnbaum
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Asuka Eguchi
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gaspard Pardon
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alex C Y Chang
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Helen M Blau
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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27
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Suay-Corredera C, Alegre-Cebollada J. The mechanics of the heart: zooming in on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and cMyBP-C. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:703-746. [PMID: 35224729 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a disease characterized by cardiac muscle hypertrophy and hypercontractility, is the most frequently inherited disorder of the heart. HCM is mainly caused by variants in genes encoding proteins of the sarcomere, the basic contractile unit of cardiomyocytes. The most frequently mutated among them is MYBPC3, which encodes cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C), a key regulator of sarcomere contraction. In this review, we summarize clinical and genetic aspects of HCM and provide updated information on the function of the healthy and HCM sarcomere, as well as on emerging therapeutic options targeting sarcomere mechanical activity. Building on what is known about cMyBP-C activity, we examine different pathogenicity drivers by which MYBPC3 variants can cause disease, focussing on protein haploinsufficiency as a common pathomechanism also in nontruncating variants. Finally, we discuss recent evidence correlating altered cMyBP-C mechanical properties with HCM development.
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28
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Muscarinic receptor activation reduces force and arrhythmias in human atria independent of IK,ACh. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 79:678-686. [PMID: 35170489 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In human hearts, muscarinic receptors (M-R) are expressed in ventricular and atrial tissue, but the acetylcholine-activated potassium current (IK,ACh) is expressed mainly in the atrium. M-R activation decreases force and increases electrical stability in human atrium, but the impact of IK,ACh to both effects remains unclear. We employed a new selective blocker of IK,ACh to elaborate the contribution of IK,ACh to M-R activation-mediated effects in human atrium.Force and action potentials were measured in rat atria and in human right atrial trabeculae. Cumulative concentration-effect curves for norepinephrine-induced force and arrhythmias were measured in the presence of either carbachol (CCh;1µM) or CCh together with the IK,ACh -blocker XAF-1407 (1 µM) or in time-matched controls. To investigate the vulnerability to arrhythmias we performed some experiments also in the presence of cilostamide (0.3µM) and rolipram (1µM), inhibiting PDE3 and PDE4.In rat atria and human right atrial trabeculae, CCh shortened the action potential duration persistently. However, the direct negative inotropy of CCh was only transient in human, but stable in rat atria. In both rat and human atria, the negative inotropic effect was insensitive to blockage of IK,ACh by XAF-1407. In the presence of cilostamide and rolipram about 40% of trabeculae developed arrhythmias when exposed to norepinephrine. CCh prevented these concentration-dependent norepinephrine-induced arrhythmias, again insensitive to XAF-1407. Maximum catecholamine-induced force was not depressed by CCh.In human atrium, both the direct and the indirect negative inotropic effect of CCh are independent of IK,ACh. The same applies to the CCh-mediated suppression of norepinephrine/PDE-inhibition-induced arrhythmias.
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29
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Liu C, Feng X, Li G, Gokulnath P, Xiao J. Generating 3D human cardiac constructs from pluripotent stem cells. EBioMedicine 2022; 76:103813. [PMID: 35093634 PMCID: PMC8804169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) technology has offered nearly infinite opportunities to model all kinds of human diseases in vitro. Cardiomyocytes derived from hPSCs have proved to be efficient tools for cardiac disease modeling, drug screening and pathological mechanism studies. In this review, we discuss the advantages and limitations of 2D hPSC-cardiomyocyte (hPSC-CM) system, and introduce the recent development of three-dimensional (3D) culture platforms derived from hPSCs. Although the development of bioengineering technologies has greatly improved 3D platform construction, there are certainly challenges and room for development for further in-depth research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xing Feng
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Priyanka Gokulnath
- Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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30
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Krause J, Lemme M, Mannhardt I, Eder A, Ulmer B, Eschenhagen T, Stenzig J. Human-Engineered Atrial Tissue for Studying Atrial Fibrillation. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2485:159-173. [PMID: 35618905 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2261-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This chapter details the generation of atrial fibrin-based engineered heart tissue (EHT) in standard 24-well format as a 3D model for the human atrium. Compared to 2D cultivation, human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)-derived atrial cardiomyocytes demonstrated a higher degree of maturation in 3D format. Furthermore, we have demonstrated in previous work that the model displayed atrial characteristics in terms of contraction and gene expression patterns, electrophysiology, and pharmacological response. Here, we describe how to embed atrial cardiomyocytes differentiated from hiPSCs in a fibrin hydrogel to form atrial EHT attached to elastic silicone posts, allowing auxotonic contraction. In addition, we describe how force and other contractility parameters can be derived from these beating atrial EHTs by video-optical monitoring. The presented atrial EHT model is suitable to study chamber-specific mechanisms, drug effects and to serve for disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krause
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marta Lemme
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ingra Mannhardt
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexandra Eder
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Bärbel Ulmer
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Justus Stenzig
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
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31
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Wang L, Wada Y, Ballan N, Schmeckpeper J, Huang J, Rau CD, Wang Y, Gepstein L, Knollmann BC. Triiodothyronine and dexamethasone alter potassium channel expression and promote electrophysiological maturation of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 161:130-138. [PMID: 34400182 PMCID: PMC9809541 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) have emerged as a promising tool for disease modeling and drug development. However, hiPSC-CMs remain functionally immature, which hinders their utility as a model of human cardiomyocytes. OBJECTIVE To improve the electrophysiological maturation of hiPSC-CMs. METHODS AND RESULTS On day 16 of cardiac differentiation, hiPSC-CMs were treated with 100 nmol/L triiodothyronine (T3) and 1 μmol/L Dexamethasone (Dex) or vehicle for 14 days. On day 30, vehicle- and T3 + Dex-treated hiPSC-CMs were dissociated and replated either as cell sheets or single cells. Optical mapping and patch-clamp technique were used to examine the electrophysiological properties of vehicle- and T3 + Dex-treated hiPSC-CMs. Compared to vehicle, T3 + Dex-treated hiPSC-CMs had a slower spontaneous beating rate, more hyperpolarized resting membrane potential, faster maximal upstroke velocity, and shorter action potential duration. Changes in spontaneous activity and action potential were mediated by decreased hyperpolarization-activated current (If) and increased inward rectifier potassium currents (IK1), sodium currents (INa), and the rapidly and slowly activating delayed rectifier potassium currents (IKr and IKs, respectively). Furthermore, T3 + Dex-treated hiPSC-CM cell sheets (hiPSC-CCSs) exhibited a faster conduction velocity and shorter action potential duration than the vehicle. Inhibition of IK1 by 100 μM BaCl2 significantly slowed conduction velocity and prolonged action potential duration in T3 + Dex-treated hiPSC-CCSs but had no effect in the vehicle group, demonstrating the importance of IK1 for conduction velocity and action potential duration. CONCLUSION T3 + Dex treatment is an effective approach to rapidly enhance electrophysiological maturation of hiPSC-CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, Medical Research Building IV, Rm.1275, 2215B Garland Ave, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Correspondence to: Lili Wang, Ph.D., Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Research Building IV, Rm.1275, 2215B Garland Ave, Nashville, TN 37232-0575 Or Bjorn C. Knollmann, MD, Ph.D., Vanderbilt Center for Arrhythmia Research and Therapeutics (VanCART), Vanderbilt, University Medical Center, Medical Research Building IV, Rm. 1265, 2215B Garland Ave, Nashville, TN 37232-0575,
| | - Yuko Wada
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, Medical Research Building IV, Rm.1275, 2215B Garland Ave, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nimer Ballan
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, POB 9649, Haifa 3109601, Israel
| | - Jeffrey Schmeckpeper
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, Medical Research Building IV, Rm.1275, 2215B Garland Ave, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jijun Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christoph Daniel Rau
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yibin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medicine and Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lior Gepstein
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, POB 9649, Haifa 3109601, Israel,Cardiology Department, Rambam Health Care Campus, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, 2 Efron St. POB 9649, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Bjorn C. Knollmann
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, Medical Research Building IV, Rm.1275, 2215B Garland Ave, Nashville, TN 37232, USA,Correspondence to: Lili Wang, Ph.D., Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Medical Research Building IV, Rm.1275, 2215B Garland Ave, Nashville, TN 37232-0575 Or Bjorn C. Knollmann, MD, Ph.D., Vanderbilt Center for Arrhythmia Research and Therapeutics (VanCART), Vanderbilt, University Medical Center, Medical Research Building IV, Rm. 1265, 2215B Garland Ave, Nashville, TN 37232-0575,
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32
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Approaches to Optimize Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocyte Maturation and Function. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-021-00197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Giacomelli E, Sala L, Oostwaard DWV, Bellin M. Cardiac microtissues from human pluripotent stem cells recapitulate the phenotype of long-QT syndrome. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 572:118-124. [PMID: 34364290 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and their derivative cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) have been successfully used to study the electrical phenotype of cardiac ion channel diseases. However, strategies to mature CMs and more comprehensive systems recapitulating the heart complexity are required to advance our ability to capture adult phenotypes. METHODS We differentiated wild-type (WT) and long QT syndrome type 1 (LQT1) hiPSCs into CMs, endothelial cells and cardiac fibroblasts. The three cell types were combined to form three-dimensional (3D) spheroids, termed "cardiac microtissues" (cMTs) and the electrophysiological properties were measured using 96-well multi-electrode arrays. RESULTS LQT1 cMTs displayed prolonged field potential duration compared to WT controls, thus recapitulating the typical feature of LQTS. Isoprenaline caused a positive chronotropic effect on both LQT1 and WT cMTs. The 96-well multi-electrode array format proved suitable to detect electrical changes directly in the 3D tissues. CONCLUSIONS 3D hiPSC cMTs are a scalable tool that can be used to identify LQT electrical hallmarks and drug responses. We anticipate this tool can be adopted by pharmaceutical companies to screen cardio-active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Giacomelli
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2333, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands; The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luca Sala
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2333, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands; Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Milan, Italy
| | - Dorien Ward-van Oostwaard
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2333, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Milena Bellin
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), 2333, ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129, Padua, Italy.
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34
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The HCN channel as a pharmacological target: Why, where, and how to block it. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 166:173-181. [PMID: 34303730 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels, expressed in a variety of cell types and in all tissues, control excitation and rhythm. Since their discovery in neurons and cardiac pacemaker cells, they attracted the attention of medicinal chemistry and pharmacology as novel targets to shape (patho)physiological mechanisms. To date, ivabradine represents the first-in-class drug as specific bradycardic agent in cardiac diseases; however, new applications are emerging in parallel with the demonstration of the involvement of different HCN isoforms in central and peripheral nervous system. Hence, the possibility to target specific isoforms represents an attractive development in this field; indeed, HCN1, HCN2 or HCN4 specific blockers have shown promising features in vitro and in vivo, with remarkable pharmacological differences likely depending on the diverse functional role and tissue distribution. Here, we show a recently developed compound with high potency as HCN2-HCN4 blocker; because of its unique profile, this compound may deserve further investigation.
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35
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Roshanbinfar K, Esser TU, Engel FB. Stem Cells and Their Cardiac Derivatives for Cardiac Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:143-162. [PMID: 32993354 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Heart failure is among the leading causes of morbidity worldwide with a 5-year mortality rate of ∼50%. Therefore, major efforts are invested to reduce heart damage upon injury or maintain and at best restore heart function. Recent Advances: In clinical trials, acellular constructs succeeded in improving cardiac function by stabilizing the infarcted heart. In addition, strategies utilizing stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes have been developed to improve heart function postmyocardial infarction in small and large animal models. These strategies range from injection of cell-laden hydrogels to unstructured hydrogel-based and complex biofabricated cardiac patches. Importantly, novel methods have been developed to promote differentiation of stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes to prevascularized cardiac patches. Critical Issues: Despite substantial progress in vascularization strategies for heart-on-the-chip technologies, little advance has been made in generating vascularized cardiac patches with clinically relevant dimensions. In addition, proper electrical coupling between engineered and host tissue to prevent and/or eliminate arrhythmia remains an unresolved issue. Finally, despite advanced approaches to include hierarchical structures in cardiac tissues, engineered tissues do not generate forces in the range of native adult cardiac tissue. Future Directions: It involves utilizing novel materials and advancing biofabrication strategies to generate prevascularized three-dimensional multicellular constructs of clinical relevant size; inclusion of hierarchical structures, electroconductive materials, and biologically active factors to enhance cardiomyocyte differentiation for optimized force generation and vascularization; optimization of bioreactor strategies for tissue maturation. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 143-162.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Roshanbinfar
- Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tilman U Esser
- Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Felix B Engel
- Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.,Muscle Research Center Erlangen, MURCE, Erlangen, Germany
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36
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Saleem U, van Meer BJ, Katili PA, Mohd Yusof NAN, Mannhardt I, Garcia AK, Tertoolen L, de Korte T, Vlaming MLH, McGlynn K, Nebel J, Bahinski A, Harris K, Rossman E, Xu X, Burton FL, Smith GL, Clements P, Mummery CL, Eschenhagen T, Hansen A, Denning C. Blinded, Multicenter Evaluation of Drug-induced Changes in Contractility Using Human-induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Sci 2021; 176:103-123. [PMID: 32421822 PMCID: PMC7357169 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models are 78% accurate in determining whether drugs will alter contractility of the human heart. To evaluate the suitability of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) for predictive safety pharmacology, we quantified changes in contractility, voltage, and/or Ca2+ handling in 2D monolayers or 3D engineered heart tissues (EHTs). Protocols were unified via a drug training set, allowing subsequent blinded multicenter evaluation of drugs with known positive, negative, or neutral inotropic effects. Accuracy ranged from 44% to 85% across the platform-cell configurations, indicating the need to refine test conditions. This was achieved by adopting approaches to reduce signal-to-noise ratio, reduce spontaneous beat rate to ≤ 1 Hz or enable chronic testing, improving accuracy to 85% for monolayers and 93% for EHTs. Contraction amplitude was a good predictor of negative inotropes across all the platform-cell configurations and of positive inotropes in the 3D EHTs. Although contraction- and relaxation-time provided confirmatory readouts forpositive inotropes in 3D EHTs, these parameters typically served as the primary source of predictivity in 2D. The reliance of these “secondary” parameters to inotropy in the 2D systems was not automatically intuitive and may be a quirk of hiPSC-CMs, hence require adaptations in interpreting the data from this model system. Of the platform-cell configurations, responses in EHTs aligned most closely to the free therapeutic plasma concentration. This study adds to the notion that hiPSC-CMs could add value to drug safety evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umber Saleem
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Berend J van Meer
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZD, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Puspita A Katili
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Nurul A N Mohd Yusof
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Ingra Mannhardt
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ana Krotenberg Garcia
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZD, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Leon Tertoolen
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZD, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa de Korte
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZD, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Ncardia, 2333 BD, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Karen McGlynn
- Clyde Biosciences Ltd, Biocity Scotland, Newhouse, Lanarkshire ML1 5HU, UK
| | - Jessica Nebel
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | | | | | - Eric Rossman
- GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426
| | - Francis L Burton
- Clyde Biosciences Ltd, Biocity Scotland, Newhouse, Lanarkshire ML1 5HU, UK.,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Godfrey L Smith
- Clyde Biosciences Ltd, Biocity Scotland, Newhouse, Lanarkshire ML1 5HU, UK.,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Peter Clements
- GlaxoSmithKline, David Jack Centre for R&D, Ware, Hertfordshire SG12 0DP, UK
| | - Christine L Mummery
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZD, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department Applied Stem Cell Technologies, University of Twente, 7500 EA Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Arne Hansen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Chris Denning
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Flenner F, Jungen C, Küpker N, Ibel A, Kruse M, Koivumäki JT, Rinas A, Zech ATL, Rhoden A, Wijnker PJM, Lemoine MD, Steenpass A, Girdauskas E, Eschenhagen T, Meyer C, van der Velden J, Patten-Hamel M, Christ T, Carrier L. Translational investigation of electrophysiology in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 157:77-89. [PMID: 33957110 PMCID: PMC8320769 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients are at increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, which can occur even in the absence of structural changes of the heart. HCM mouse models suggest mutations in myofilament components to affect Ca2+ homeostasis and thereby favor arrhythmia development. Additionally, some of them show indications of pro-arrhythmic changes in cardiac electrophysiology. In this study, we explored arrhythmia mechanisms in mice carrying a HCM mutation in Mybpc3 (Mybpc3-KI) and tested the translatability of our findings in human engineered heart tissues (EHTs) derived from CRISPR/Cas9-generated homozygous MYBPC3 mutant (MYBPC3hom) in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and to left ventricular septum samples obtained from HCM patients. We observed higher arrhythmia susceptibility in contractility measurements of field-stimulated intact cardiomyocytes and ventricular muscle strips as well as in electromyogram recordings of Langendorff-perfused hearts from adult Mybpc3-KI mice than in wild-type (WT) controls. The latter only occurred in homozygous (Hom-KI) but not in heterozygous (Het-KI) mouse hearts. Both Het- and Hom-KI are known to display pro-arrhythmic increased Ca2+ myofilament sensitivity as a direct consequence of the mutation. In the electrophysiological characterization of the model, we observed smaller repolarizing K+ currents in single cell patch clamp, longer ventricular action potentials in sharp microelectrode recordings and longer ventricular refractory periods in Langendorff-perfused hearts in Hom-KI, but not Het-KI. Interestingly, reduced K+ channel subunit transcript levels and prolonged action potentials were already detectable in newborn, pre-hypertrophic Hom-KI mice. Human iPSC-derived MYBPC3hom EHTs, which genetically mimicked the Hom-KI mice, did exhibit lower mutant mRNA and protein levels, lower force, beating frequency and relaxation time, but no significant alteration of the force-Ca2+ relation in skinned EHTs. Furthermore, MYBPC3hom EHTs did show higher spontaneous arrhythmic behavior, whereas action potentials measured by sharp microelectrode did not differ to isogenic controls. Action potentials measured in septal myectomy samples did not differ between patients with HCM and patients with aortic stenosis, except for the only sample with a MYBPC3 mutation. The data demonstrate that increased myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity is not sufficient to induce arrhythmias in the Mybpc3-KI mouse model and suggest that reduced K+ currents can be a pro-arrhythmic trigger in Hom-KI mice, probably already in early disease stages. However, neither data from EHTs nor from left ventricular samples indicate relevant reduction of K+ currents in human HCM. Therefore, our study highlights the species difference between mouse and human and emphasizes the importance of research in human samples and human-like models. Sudden cardiac death is threatening hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients. Arrhythmia mechanisms are not well understood. Mouse HCM models showed relevant reduction in K+ currents. Human iPSC-EHT model and HCM patient septal myectomies did not display this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Flenner
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christiane Jungen
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany; Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology Research Group (cNEP), University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Cardiology, Willem Einthoven Center for Cardiac Arrhythmia Research and Management, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nadine Küpker
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia Ibel
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Kruse
- Department of Biology and Program in Neuroscience, Bates College, Lewiston, ME, USA
| | - Jussi T Koivumäki
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anna Rinas
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonia T L Zech
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexandra Rhoden
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Paul J M Wijnker
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marc D Lemoine
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany; Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology Research Group (cNEP), University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Steenpass
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Evaldas Girdauskas
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Meyer
- Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology, cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology Research Group (cNEP), University Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Division of Cardiology/Angiology/Intensiv Care, cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology Research Consortium (cNEP), EVK Düsseldorf, Teaching Hospital University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neural and Sensory Physiology, cardiac Neuro- and Electrophysiology Research Consortium (cNEP), University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Monica Patten-Hamel
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Christ
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany.
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38
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Liu N, Ye X, Yao B, Zhao M, Wu P, Liu G, Zhuang D, Jiang H, Chen X, He Y, Huang S, Zhu P. Advances in 3D bioprinting technology for cardiac tissue engineering and regeneration. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:1388-1401. [PMID: 33210031 PMCID: PMC7658327 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is still one of the leading causes of death in the world, and heart transplantation is the current major treatment for end-stage cardiovascular diseases. However, because of the shortage of heart donors, new sources of cardiac regenerative medicine are greatly needed. The prominent development of tissue engineering using bioactive materials has creatively laid a direct promising foundation. Whereas, how to precisely pattern a cardiac structure with complete biological function still requires technological breakthroughs. Recently, the emerging three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology for tissue engineering has shown great advantages in generating micro-scale cardiac tissues, which has established its impressive potential as a novel foundation for cardiovascular regeneration. Whether 3D bioprinted hearts can replace traditional heart transplantation as a novel strategy for treating cardiovascular diseases in the future is a frontier issue. In this review article, we emphasize the current knowledge and future perspectives regarding available bioinks, bioprinting strategies and the latest outcome progress in cardiac 3D bioprinting to move this promising medical approach towards potential clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanbo Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
| | - Xing Ye
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Affiliated South China Hospital, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital) and The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Bin Yao
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Affiliated South China Hospital, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital) and The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Guihuan Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Donglin Zhuang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
| | - Haodong Jiang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
| | - Yinru He
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
| | - Sha Huang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, and Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510100, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Affiliated South China Hospital, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital) and The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
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39
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Soon K, Mourad O, Nunes SS. Engineered human cardiac microtissues: The state-of-the-(he)art. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2021; 39:1008-1016. [PMID: 33786918 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Due to the integration of recent advances in stem cell biology, materials science, and engineering, the field of cardiac tissue engineering has been rapidly progressing toward developing more accurate functional 3D cardiac microtissues from human cell sources. These engineered tissues enable screening of cardiotoxic drugs, disease modeling (eg, by using cells from specific genetic backgrounds or modifying environmental conditions) and can serve as novel drug development platforms. This concise review presents the most recent advances and improvements in cardiac tissue formation, including cardiomyocyte maturation and disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Soon
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Omar Mourad
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara S Nunes
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory of Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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40
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Reply to 'Are atrial human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes ready to identify drugs that beat atrial fibrillation?'. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1729. [PMID: 33741922 PMCID: PMC7979785 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21950-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Are atrial human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes ready to identify drugs that beat atrial fibrillation? Nat Commun 2021; 12:1725. [PMID: 33741918 PMCID: PMC7979815 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21949-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Paci M, Koivumäki JT, Lu HR, Gallacher DJ, Passini E, Rodriguez B. Comparison of the Simulated Response of Three in Silico Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes Models and in Vitro Data Under 15 Drug Actions. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:604713. [PMID: 33841140 PMCID: PMC8033762 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.604713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Improvements in human stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hSC-CM) technology have promoted their use for drug testing and disease investigations. Several in silico hSC-CM models have been proposed to augment interpretation of experimental findings through simulations. This work aims to assess the response of three hSC-CM in silico models (Koivumäki2018, Kernik2019, and Paci2020) to simulated drug action, and compare simulation results against in vitro data for 15 drugs. Methods: First, simulations were conducted considering 15 drugs, using a simple pore-block model and experimental data for seven ion channels. Similarities and differences were analyzed in the in silico responses of the three models to drugs, in terms of Ca2+ transient duration (CTD90) and occurrence of arrhythmic events. Then, the sensitivity of each model to different degrees of blockage of Na+ (INa), L-type Ca2+ (ICaL), and rapid delayed rectifying K+ (IKr) currents was quantified. Finally, we compared the drug-induced effects on CTD90 against the corresponding in vitro experiments. Results: The observed CTD90 changes were overall consistent among the in silico models, all three showing changes of smaller magnitudes compared to the ones measured in vitro. For example, sparfloxacin 10 µM induced +42% CTD90 prolongation in vitro, and +17% (Koivumäki2018), +6% (Kernik2019), and +9% (Paci2020) in silico. Different arrhythmic events were observed following drug application, mainly for drugs affecting IKr. Paci2020 and Kernik2019 showed only repolarization failure, while Koivumäki2018 also displayed early and delayed afterdepolarizations. The spontaneous activity was suppressed by Na+ blockers and by drugs with similar effects on ICaL and IKr in Koivumäki2018 and Paci2020, while only by strong ICaL blockers, e.g. nisoldipine, in Kernik2019. These results were confirmed by the sensitivity analysis. Conclusion: To conclude, The CTD90 changes observed in silico are qualitatively consistent with our in vitro data, although our simulations show differences in drug responses across the hSC-CM models, which could stem from variability in the experimental data used in their construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelangelo Paci
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jussi T Koivumäki
- BioMediTech, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hua Rong Lu
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - David J Gallacher
- Global Safety Pharmacology, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Elisa Passini
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Blanca Rodriguez
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Querdel E, Reinsch M, Castro L, Köse D, Bähr A, Reich S, Geertz B, Ulmer B, Schulze M, Lemoine MD, Krause T, Lemme M, Sani J, Shibamiya A, Stüdemann T, Köhne M, Bibra CV, Hornaschewitz N, Pecha S, Nejahsie Y, Mannhardt I, Christ T, Reichenspurner H, Hansen A, Klymiuk N, Krane M, Kupatt C, Eschenhagen T, Weinberger F. Human Engineered Heart Tissue Patches Remuscularize the Injured Heart in a Dose-Dependent Manner. Circulation 2021; 143:1991-2006. [PMID: 33648345 PMCID: PMC8126500 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.047904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Human engineered heart tissue (EHT) transplantation represents a potential regenerative strategy for patients with heart failure and has been successful in preclinical models. Clinical application requires upscaling, adaptation to good manufacturing practices, and determination of the effective dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Querdel
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Marina Reinsch
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Liesa Castro
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center (L.C., S.P., H.R.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.).,Now with Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany (L.C.)
| | - Deniz Köse
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Andrea Bähr
- I. Medizinische Klinik & Poliklinik, University Clinic Rechts der Isar (A.B., N.H., N.K., C.K.), Technical University Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance Munich (A.B., N.H., N.K., C.K.).,Center for Innovative Medical Models, LMU Munich, Oberschleissheim, Germany (A.B., N.K.)
| | - Svenja Reich
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Birgit Geertz
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Bärbel Ulmer
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Mirja Schulze
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Marc D Lemoine
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.).,Department of Cardiology-Electrophysiology (M.D.L.), University Heart Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Krause
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Marta Lemme
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Jascha Sani
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Aya Shibamiya
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Tim Stüdemann
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Maria Köhne
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.).,Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery (M. Köhne), University Heart Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Constantin von Bibra
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Nadja Hornaschewitz
- I. Medizinische Klinik & Poliklinik, University Clinic Rechts der Isar (A.B., N.H., N.K., C.K.), Technical University Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance Munich (A.B., N.H., N.K., C.K.)
| | - Simon Pecha
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center (L.C., S.P., H.R.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Yusuf Nejahsie
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Ingra Mannhardt
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Torsten Christ
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Hermann Reichenspurner
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center (L.C., S.P., H.R.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Arne Hansen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Nikolai Klymiuk
- I. Medizinische Klinik & Poliklinik, University Clinic Rechts der Isar (A.B., N.H., N.K., C.K.), Technical University Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance Munich (A.B., N.H., N.K., C.K.).,Center for Innovative Medical Models, LMU Munich, Oberschleissheim, Germany (A.B., N.K.)
| | - M Krane
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Centre Munich (M. Krane), Technical University Munich, Germany.,INSURE (Institute for Translational Cardiac Surgery), Cardiovascular Surgery, Munich, Germany (M. Krane)
| | - C Kupatt
- I. Medizinische Klinik & Poliklinik, University Clinic Rechts der Isar (A.B., N.H., N.K., C.K.), Technical University Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance Munich (A.B., N.H., N.K., C.K.)
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
| | - Florian Weinberger
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (E.Q., M.R., D.K., S.R., B.G., B.U., M.S., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., C.v.B., Y.N., I.M., T.C., A.H., T.E., F.W.), University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck (E.Q., M.R., L.C., D.K., B.U., M.S., M.D.L., T.K., M.L., J.S., A.S., T.S., M. Köhne, C.v.B., S.P., I.M., T.C., H.R., A.H., T.E., F.W.)
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Visone R, Ugolini GS, Cruz-Moreira D, Marzorati S, Piazza S, Pesenti E, Redaelli A, Moretti M, Occhetta P, Rasponi M. Micro-electrode channel guide (µECG) technology: an online method for continuous electrical recording in a human beating heart-on-chip. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 33561845 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abe4c4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac toxicity still represents a common adverse outcome causing drug attrition and post-marketing withdrawal. The development of relevant in vitro models resembling the human heart recently opened the path towards a more accurate detection of drug-induced human cardiac toxicity early in the drug development process. Organs-on-chip (OoC) have been proposed as promising tools to recapitulate in vitro the key aspects of the in vivo cardiac physiology and to provide a means to directly analyze functional readouts. In this scenario, a new device capable of continuous monitoring of electrophysiological signals from functional in vitro human hearts-on-chip is here presented. The development of cardiac microtissues was achieved through a recently published method to control the mechanical environment, while the introduction of a technology consisting in micro-electrode coaxial guides (µECG) allowed to conduct direct and non-destructive electrophysiology studies. The generated human cardiac microtissues exhibited synchronous spontaneous beating, as demonstrated by multi-point and continuous acquisition of cardiac field potential, and expression of relevant genes encoding for cardiac ion-channels. A proof-of-concept pharmacological validation on 3 drugs proved the proposed model to potentially be a powerful tool to evaluate functional cardiac toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Visone
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, Milano, Lombardia, 20133, ITALY
| | - Giovanni Stefano Ugolini
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, Milano, Lombardia, 20133, ITALY
| | - Daniela Cruz-Moreira
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, Milano, Lombardia, 20133, ITALY
| | - Simona Marzorati
- Translational Medicine, Accelera Srl, via Pasteur, Nerviano, Nerviano, MI, 20100, ITALY
| | - Stefano Piazza
- BiomimX Srl, Via Giovanni Durando 38/A, Milan, 20158, ITALY
| | | | - Alberto Redaelli
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, Milano, Lombardia, 20133, ITALY
| | - Matteo Moretti
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Lab, IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, via R Galeazzi 4, Milan, 20161, ITALY
| | - Paola Occhetta
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, Milano, Lombardia, 20133, ITALY
| | - Marco Rasponi
- Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria, Via Ponzio 34/5, Milano, Lombardia, 20133, ITALY
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45
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Tse G, Li KHC, Cheung CKY, Letsas KP, Bhardwaj A, Sawant AC, Liu T, Yan GX, Zhang H, Jeevaratnam K, Sayed N, Cheng SH, Wong WT. Arrhythmogenic Mechanisms in Hypokalaemia: Insights From Pre-clinical Models. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:620539. [PMID: 33614751 PMCID: PMC7887296 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.620539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium is the predominant intracellular cation, with its extracellular concentrations maintained between 3. 5 and 5 mM. Among the different potassium disorders, hypokalaemia is a common clinical condition that increases the risk of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. This review aims to consolidate pre-clinical findings on the electrophysiological mechanisms underlying hypokalaemia-induced arrhythmogenicity. Both triggers and substrates are required for the induction and maintenance of ventricular arrhythmias. Triggered activity can arise from either early afterdepolarizations (EADs) or delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs). Action potential duration (APD) prolongation can predispose to EADs, whereas intracellular Ca2+ overload can cause both EADs and DADs. Substrates on the other hand can either be static or dynamic. Static substrates include action potential triangulation, non-uniform APD prolongation, abnormal transmural repolarization gradients, reduced conduction velocity (CV), shortened effective refractory period (ERP), reduced excitation wavelength (CV × ERP) and increased critical intervals for re-excitation (APD-ERP). In contrast, dynamic substrates comprise increased amplitude of APD alternans, steeper APD restitution gradients, transient reversal of transmural repolarization gradients and impaired depolarization-repolarization coupling. The following review article will summarize the molecular mechanisms that generate these electrophysiological abnormalities and subsequent arrhythmogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Tse
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Ka Hou Christien Li
- Faculty of Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Konstantinos P Letsas
- Second Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aishwarya Bhardwaj
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Abhishek C Sawant
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Tong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gan-Xin Yan
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research and Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA, United States
| | - Henggui Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kamalan Jeevaratnam
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Nazish Sayed
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Shuk Han Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution (SKLMP), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Tak Wong
- School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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46
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Yao Y, Marra AN, Yelon D. Pathways Regulating Establishment and Maintenance of Cardiac Chamber Identity in Zebrafish. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:13. [PMID: 33572830 PMCID: PMC7912383 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The vertebrate heart is comprised of two types of chambers-ventricles and atria-that have unique morphological and physiological properties. Effective cardiac function depends upon the distinct characteristics of ventricular and atrial cardiomyocytes, raising interest in the genetic pathways that regulate chamber-specific traits. Chamber identity seems to be specified in the early embryo by signals that establish ventricular and atrial progenitor populations and trigger distinct differentiation pathways. Intriguingly, chamber-specific features appear to require active reinforcement, even after myocardial differentiation is underway, suggesting plasticity of chamber identity within the developing heart. Here, we review the utility of the zebrafish as a model organism for studying the mechanisms that establish and maintain cardiac chamber identity. By combining genetic and embryological approaches, work in zebrafish has revealed multiple players with potent influences on chamber fate specification and commitment. Going forward, analysis of cardiomyocyte identity at the single-cell level is likely to yield a high-resolution understanding of the pathways that link the relevant players together, and these insights will have the potential to inform future strategies in cardiac tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Deborah Yelon
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; (Y.Y.); (A.N.M.)
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47
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Dotzler SM, Kim CSJ, Gendron WAC, Zhou W, Ye D, Bos JM, Tester DJ, Barry MA, Ackerman MJ. Suppression-Replacement KCNQ1 Gene Therapy for Type 1 Long QT Syndrome. Circulation 2021; 143:1411-1425. [PMID: 33504163 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.051836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 long QT syndrome (LQT1) is caused by loss-of-function variants in the KCNQ1-encoded Kv7.1 potassium channel α-subunit that is essential for cardiac repolarization, providing the slow delayed rectifier current. No current therapies target the molecular cause of LQT1. METHODS A dual-component suppression-and-replacement (SupRep) KCNQ1 gene therapy was created by cloning a KCNQ1 short hairpin RNA and a short hairpin RNA-immune KCNQ1 cDNA modified with synonymous variants in the short hairpin RNA target site, into a single construct. The ability of KCNQ1-SupRep gene therapy to suppress and replace LQT1-causative variants in KCNQ1 was evaluated by means of heterologous expression in TSA201 cells. For a human in vitro cardiac model, induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) were generated from 4 patients with LQT1 (KCNQ1-Y171X, -V254M, -I567S, and -A344A/spl) and an unrelated healthy control. CRISPR-Cas9 corrected isogenic control iPSC-CMs were made for 2 LQT1 lines (correction of KCNQ1-V254M and KCNQ1-A344A/spl). FluoVolt voltage dye was used to measure the cardiac action potential duration (APD) in iPSC-CMs treated with KCNQ1-SupRep. RESULTS In TSA201 cells, KCNQ1-SupRep achieved mutation-independent suppression of wild-type KCNQ1 and 3 LQT1-causative variants (KCNQ1-Y171X, -V254M, and -I567S) with simultaneous replacement of short hairpin RNA-immune KCNQ1 as measured by allele-specific quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Using FluoVolt voltage dye to measure the cardiac APD in the 4 LQT1 patient-derived iPSC-CMs, treatment with KCNQ1-SupRep resulted in shortening of the pathologically prolonged APD at both 90% and 50% repolarization, resulting in APD values similar to those of the 2 isogenic controls. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first proof-of-principle gene therapy for complete correction of long QT syndrome. As a dual-component gene therapy vector, KCNQ1-SupRep successfully suppressed and replaced KCNQ1 to normal wild-type levels. In TSA201 cells, cotransfection of LQT1-causative variants and KCNQ1-SupRep caused mutation-independent suppression and replacement of KCNQ1. In LQT1 iPSC-CMs, KCNQ1-SupRep gene therapy shortened the APD, thereby eliminating the pathognomonic feature of LQT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Dotzler
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory (S.M.D., C.S.J.K., W.Z., D.Y., J.M.B., D.J.T., M.J.A.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - C S John Kim
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory (S.M.D., C.S.J.K., W.Z., D.Y., J.M.B., D.J.T., M.J.A.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - William A C Gendron
- Department of Virology & Gene Therapy, Vector and Vaccine Engineering Laboratory (W.A.C.G., M.A.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory (S.M.D., C.S.J.K., W.Z., D.Y., J.M.B., D.J.T., M.J.A.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Dan Ye
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory (S.M.D., C.S.J.K., W.Z., D.Y., J.M.B., D.J.T., M.J.A.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - J Martijn Bos
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory (S.M.D., C.S.J.K., W.Z., D.Y., J.M.B., D.J.T., M.J.A.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine/Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic (J.M.B., D.J.T., M.J.A.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - David J Tester
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory (S.M.D., C.S.J.K., W.Z., D.Y., J.M.B., D.J.T., M.J.A.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine/Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic (J.M.B., D.J.T., M.J.A.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Michael A Barry
- Department of Virology & Gene Therapy, Vector and Vaccine Engineering Laboratory (W.A.C.G., M.A.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Michael J Ackerman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory (S.M.D., C.S.J.K., W.Z., D.Y., J.M.B., D.J.T., M.J.A.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine/Division of Heart Rhythm Services, Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic (J.M.B., D.J.T., M.J.A.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine/Division of Pediatric Cardiology (M.J.A.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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48
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Arrhythmia Mechanisms in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 77:300-316. [PMID: 33323698 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Despite major efforts by clinicians and researchers, cardiac arrhythmia remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Experimental work has relied on combining high-throughput strategies with standard molecular and electrophysiological studies, which are, to a great extent, based on the use of animal models. Because this poses major challenges for translation, the progress in the development of novel antiarrhythmic agents and clinical care has been mostly disappointing. Recently, the advent of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes has opened new avenues for both basic cardiac research and drug discovery; now, there is an unlimited source of cardiomyocytes of human origin, both from healthy individuals and patients with cardiac diseases. Understanding arrhythmic mechanisms is one of the main use cases of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, in addition to pharmacological cardiotoxicity and efficacy testing, in vitro disease modeling, developing patient-specific models and personalized drugs, and regenerative medicine. Here, we review the advances that the human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived-based modeling systems have brought so far regarding the understanding of both arrhythmogenic triggers and substrates, while also briefly speculating about the possibilities in the future.
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49
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Lemoine MD, Lemme M, Ulmer BM, Braren I, Krasemann S, Hansen A, Kirchhof P, Meyer C, Eschenhagen T, Christ T. Intermittent Optogenetic Tachypacing of Atrial Engineered Heart Tissue Induces Only Limited Electrical Remodelling. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 77:291-299. [PMID: 33278190 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Atrial tachypacing is an accepted model for atrial fibrillation (AF) in large animals and in cellular models. Human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) provide a novel human source to model cardiovascular diseases. Here, we investigated whether optogenetic tachypacing of atrial-like hiPSC-CMs grown into engineered heart tissue (aEHT) can induce AF-remodeling. After differentiation of atrial-like cardiomyocytes from hiPSCs using retinoic acid, aEHTs were generated from ∼1 million atrial-like hiPSC-CMs per aEHT. AEHTs were transduced with lentivirus expressing channelrhodopsin-2 to enable optogenetic stimulation by blue light pulses. AEHTs underwent optical tachypacing at 5 Hz for 15 seconds twice a minute over 3 weeks and compared with transduced spontaneously beating isogenic aEHTs (1.95 ± 0.07 Hz). Force and action potential duration did not differ between spontaneously beating and tachypaced aEHTs. Action potentials in tachypaced aEHTs showed higher upstroke velocity (138 ± 15 vs. 87 ± 11 V/s, n = 15-13/3; P = 0.018), possibly corresponding to a tendency for more negative diastolic potentials (73.0 ± 1.8 vs. 68.0 ± 1.9 mV; P = 0.07). Tachypaced aEHTs exhibited a more irregular spontaneous beating pattern (beat-to-beat scatter: 0.07 ± 0.01 vs. 0.03 ± 0.004 seconds, n = 15-13/3; P = 0.008). Targeted expression analysis showed higher RNA levels of KCNJ12 [Kir2.2, inward rectifier (IK1); 69 ± 7 vs. 44 ± 4, P = 0.014] and NPPB (NT-proBNP; 39,690 ± 4834 vs. 23,671 ± 3691; P = 0.024). Intermittent tachypacing in aEHTs induces some electrical alterations found in AF and induces an arrhythmic spontaneous beating pattern, but does not affect resting force. Further studies using longer, continuous, or more aggressive stimulation may clarify the contribution of different rate patterns on the changes in aEHT mimicking the remodeling process from paroxysmal to persistent atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc D Lemoine
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany. Lemme is now with the Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstraße, München, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marta Lemme
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany. Lemme is now with the Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstraße, München, Germany
| | - Bärbel M Ulmer
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany. Lemme is now with the Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstraße, München, Germany
| | - Ingke Braren
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany. Lemme is now with the Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstraße, München, Germany
| | - Susanne Krasemann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arne Hansen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany. Lemme is now with the Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstraße, München, Germany
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany. Lemme is now with the Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstraße, München, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and
| | - Christian Meyer
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany. Lemme is now with the Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstraße, München, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Clinic for Cardiology, Evangelical Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany. Lemme is now with the Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstraße, München, Germany
| | - Torsten Christ
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany. Lemme is now with the Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstraße, München, Germany
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50
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Majid QA, Fricker ATR, Gregory DA, Davidenko N, Hernandez Cruz O, Jabbour RJ, Owen TJ, Basnett P, Lukasiewicz B, Stevens M, Best S, Cameron R, Sinha S, Harding SE, Roy I. Natural Biomaterials for Cardiac Tissue Engineering: A Highly Biocompatible Solution. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:554597. [PMID: 33195451 PMCID: PMC7644890 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.554597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) constitute a major fraction of the current major global diseases and lead to about 30% of the deaths, i.e., 17.9 million deaths per year. CVD include coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), arrhythmias, heart failure, heart valve diseases, congenital heart disease, and cardiomyopathy. Cardiac Tissue Engineering (CTE) aims to address these conditions, the overall goal being the efficient regeneration of diseased cardiac tissue using an ideal combination of biomaterials and cells. Various cells have thus far been utilized in pre-clinical studies for CTE. These include adult stem cell populations (mesenchymal stem cells) and pluripotent stem cells (including autologous human induced pluripotent stem cells or allogenic human embryonic stem cells) with the latter undergoing differentiation to form functional cardiac cells. The ideal biomaterial for cardiac tissue engineering needs to have suitable material properties with the ability to support efficient attachment, growth, and differentiation of the cardiac cells, leading to the formation of functional cardiac tissue. In this review, we have focused on the use of biomaterials of natural origin for CTE. Natural biomaterials are generally known to be highly biocompatible and in addition are sustainable in nature. We have focused on those that have been widely explored in CTE and describe the original work and the current state of art. These include fibrinogen (in the context of Engineered Heart Tissue, EHT), collagen, alginate, silk, and Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Amongst these, fibrinogen, collagen, alginate, and silk are isolated from natural sources whereas PHAs are produced via bacterial fermentation. Overall, these biomaterials have proven to be highly promising, displaying robust biocompatibility and, when combined with cells, an ability to enhance post-MI cardiac function in pre-clinical models. As such, CTE has great potential for future clinical solutions and hence can lead to a considerable reduction in mortality rates due to CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasim A. Majid
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annabelle T. R. Fricker
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Gregory
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Davidenko
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Olivia Hernandez Cruz
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Materials, IBME, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J. Jabbour
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas J. Owen
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pooja Basnett
- Applied Biotechnology Research Group, School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Lukasiewicz
- Applied Biotechnology Research Group, School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Molly Stevens
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Materials, IBME, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Serena Best
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Cameron
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Sinha
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sian E. Harding
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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