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Martínez-Hernández R, Sánchez de la Blanca N, Sacristán-Gómez P, Serrano-Somavilla A, Muñoz De Nova JL, Sánchez Cabo F, Heyn H, Sampedro-Núñez M, Marazuela M. Unraveling the molecular architecture of autoimmune thyroid diseases at spatial resolution. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5895. [PMID: 39003267 PMCID: PMC11246508 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) such as Graves' disease (GD) or Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) are organ-specific diseases that involve complex interactions between distinct components of thyroid tissue. Here, we use spatial transcriptomics to explore the molecular architecture, heterogeneity and location of different cells present in the thyroid tissue, including thyroid follicular cells (TFCs), stromal cells such as fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and thyroid infiltrating lymphocytes. We identify damaged antigen-presenting TFCs with upregulated CD74 and MIF expression in thyroid samples from AITD patients. Furthermore, we discern two main fibroblast subpopulations in the connective tissue including ADIRF+ myofibroblasts, mainly enriched in GD, and inflammatory fibroblasts, enriched in HT patients. We also demonstrate an increase of fenestrated PLVAP+ vessels in AITD, especially in GD. Our data unveil stromal and thyroid epithelial cell subpopulations that could play a role in the pathogenesis of AITD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Martínez-Hernández
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER GCV14/ER/12), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nuria Sánchez de la Blanca
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER GCV14/ER/12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Sacristán-Gómez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER GCV14/ER/12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Serrano-Somavilla
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER GCV14/ER/12), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Muñoz De Nova
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Sánchez Cabo
- Bioinformatics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Holger Heyn
- Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Sampedro-Núñez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER GCV14/ER/12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Marazuela
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER GCV14/ER/12), Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Tanese K, Ogata D. The role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor family and CD74 in the pathogenesis of melanoma. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15122. [PMID: 38884501 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive tumour with poor prognosis that arises from the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Over the past few decades, intense research into the pathogenesis of melanoma has led to the development of BRAF and immune checkpoint inhibitors, including antibodies against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), which have shown clinically significant efficacy. However, some tumours do not respond to these therapies initially or become treatment resistant. Most melanoma tissues appear to possess biological characteristics that allow them to evade these treatments, and identifying these characteristics is one of the major challenges facing cancer researchers. One such characteristic that has recently gained attention is the role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and its receptor CD74. This review outlines the cellular and molecular functions of CD74, MIF and their family of proteins. We then review their roles in tumours based on previous reports, highlight their pathological significance in melanoma and discuss their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Tanese
- Department of Dermatology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dai Ogata
- Department of Dermatologic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Yang H, Li J, Huang XR, Bucala R, Xu A, Lan HY. Macrophage-derived macrophage migration inhibitory factor mediates renal injury in anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1361343. [PMID: 38846956 PMCID: PMC11153660 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1361343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are a rich source of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). It is well established that macrophages and MIF play a pathogenic role in anti-glomerular basement membrane crescentic glomerulonephritis (anti-GBM CGN). However, whether macrophages mediate anti-GBM CGN via MIF-dependent mechanism remains unexplored, which was investigated in this study by specifically deleting MIF from macrophages in MIFf/f-lysM-cre mice. We found that compared to anti-GBM CGN induced in MIFf/f control mice, conditional ablation of MIF in macrophages significantly suppressed anti-GBM CGN by inhibiting glomerular crescent formation and reducing serum creatinine and proteinuria while improving creatine clearance. Mechanistically, selective MIF depletion in macrophages largely inhibited renal macrophage and T cell recruitment, promoted the polarization of macrophage from M1 towards M2 via the CD74/NF-κB/p38MAPK-dependent mechanism. Unexpectedly, selective depletion of macrophage MIF also significantly promoted Treg while inhibiting Th1 and Th17 immune responses. In summary, MIF produced by macrophages plays a pathogenic role in anti-GBM CGN. Targeting macrophage-derived MIF may represent a novel and promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of immune-mediated kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jinhong Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University, SunYat‐sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-ru Huang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Departments of Nephrology and Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Anping Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Departments of Nephrology and Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Wu Z, Deng B, Shen Y, Li X, Li J, Li Y, Ma S, Pan Y, Ding F. Acyloxyacyl Hydrolase Protects against Kidney Injury via Inhibition of Tubular CD74-Macrophage Crosstalk. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:3061-3075. [PMID: 38904010 PMCID: PMC11186370 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.91237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the common pathway in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Acyloxyacyl hydrolase (AOAH) is expressed in various phagocytes and is highly expressed in proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs). Research shows that AOAH plays a critical role in infections and chronic inflammatory diseases, although its role in kidney injury is unknown. Here, we found that AOAH deletion led to exacerbated kidney injury and fibrosis after folic acid (FA) administration, which was reversed by overexpression of Aoah in kidneys. ScRNA-seq revealed that Aoah-/- mice exhibited increased subpopulation of CD74+ PTECs, though the percentage of total PTECs were decreased compared to WT mice after FA treatment. Additionally, exacerbated kidney injury and fibrosis seen in Aoah-/- mice was attenuated via administration of methyl ester of (S, R)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazole acetic acid (ISO-1), an inhibitor of macrophage inhibition factor (MIF) and CD74 binding. Finally, AOAH expression was found positively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate while negatively correlated with the degree of renal fibrosis in kidneys of CKD patients. Thus, our work indicates that AOAH protects against kidney injury and fibrosis by inhibiting renal tubular epithelial cells CD74 signaling pathways. Targeting kidney AOAH represents a promising strategy to prevent renal fibrosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkai Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Deng
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqi Shen
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuezhu Li
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaolun Li
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gut Microecology and Associated Major Diseases Research
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5
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Baeza C, Pintor-Chocano A, Carrasco S, Sanz A, Ortiz A, Sanchez-Niño MD. Paricalcitol Has a Potent Anti-Inflammatory Effect in Rat Endothelial Denudation-Induced Intimal Hyperplasia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4814. [PMID: 38732029 PMCID: PMC11084681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Neointimal hyperplasia is the main cause of vascular graft failure in the medium term. Vitamin D receptor activation modulates the biology of vascular smooth muscle cells and has been reported to protect from neointimal hyperplasia following endothelial injury. However, the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. We have now explored the impact of the selective vitamin D receptor activator, paricalcitol, on neointimal hyperplasia, following guidewire-induced endothelial cell injury in rats, and we have assessed the impact of paricalcitol or vehicle on the expression of key cell stress factors. Guidewire-induced endothelial cell injury caused neointimal hyperplasia and luminal stenosis and upregulated the expression of the growth factor growth/differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), the cytokine receptor CD74, NFκB-inducing kinase (NIK, an upstream regulator of the proinflammatory transcription factor NFκB) and the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2). Immunohistochemistry confirmed the increased expression of the cellular proteins CD74 and NIK. Paricalcitol (administered in doses of 750 ng/kg of body weight, every other day) had a non-significant impact on neointimal hyperplasia and luminal stenosis. However, it significantly decreased GDF-15, CD74, NIK and MCP-1/CCL2 mRNA expression, which in paricalcitol-injured arteries remained within the levels found in control vehicle sham arteries. In conclusion, paricalcitol had a dramatic effect, suppressing the stress response to guidewire-induced endothelial cell injury, despite a limited impact on neointimal hyperplasia and luminal stenosis. This observation identifies novel molecular targets of paricalcitol in the vascular system, whose differential expression cannot be justified as a consequence of improved tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Baeza
- Department of Vascular Surgery, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Arancha Pintor-Chocano
- RICORS2040, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Carrasco
- RICORS2040, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Sanz
- RICORS2040, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- RICORS2040, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño
- RICORS2040, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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6
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Zhou JX, Cheng AS, Chen L, Li LX, Agborbesong E, Torres VE, Harris PC, Li X. CD74 Promotes Cyst Growth and Renal Fibrosis in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. Cells 2024; 13:489. [PMID: 38534333 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), an inherited kidney disease, is associated with renal interstitial inflammation and fibrosis. CD74 has been known not only as a receptor of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) it can also have MIF independent functions. In this study, we report unknown roles and function of CD74 in ADPKD. We show that knockout of CD74 delays cyst growth in Pkd1 mutant kidneys. Knockout and knockdown of CD74 (1) normalize PKD associated signaling pathways, including ERK, mTOR and Rb to decrease Pkd1 mutant renal epithelial cell proliferation, (2) decrease the activation of NF-κB and the expression of MCP-1 and TNF-alpha (TNF-α) which decreases the recruitment of macrophages in Pkd1 mutant kidneys, and (3) decrease renal fibrosis in Pkd1 mutant kidneys. We show for the first time that CD74 functions as a transcriptional factor to regulate the expression of fibrotic markers, including collagen I (Col I), fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), through binding on their promoters. Interestingly, CD74 also regulates the transcription of MIF to form a positive feedback loop in that MIF binds with its receptor CD74 to regulate the activity of intracellular signaling pathways and CD74 increases the expression of MIF in ADPKD kidneys during cyst progression. We further show that knockout of MIF and targeting MIF with its inhibitor ISO-1 not only delay cyst growth but also ameliorate renal fibrosis through blocking the activation of renal fibroblasts and CD74 mediated the activation of TGF-β-Smad3 signaling, supporting the idea that CD74 is a key and novel upstream regulator of cyst growth and interstitial fibrosis. Thus, targeting MIF-CD74 axis is a novel therapeutic strategy for ADPKD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Xia Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Alice Shasha Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Linda Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ewud Agborbesong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Vicente E Torres
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Peter C Harris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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7
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Sanchez-Niño MD, Ceballos MI, Carriazo S, Pintor-Chocano A, Sanz AB, Saleem MA, Ortiz A. Interaction of Fabry Disease and Diabetes Mellitus: Suboptimal Recruitment of Kidney Protective Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15853. [PMID: 37958836 PMCID: PMC10650640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fabry disease is a lysosomal disease characterized by globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) accumulation. It may coexist with diabetes mellitus and both cause potentially lethal kidney end-organ damage. However, there is little information on their interaction with kidney disease. We have addressed the interaction between Fabry disease and diabetes in data mining of human kidney transcriptomics databases and in Fabry (Gla-/-) and wild type mice with or without streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Data mining was consistent with differential expression of genes encoding enzymes from the Gb3 metabolic pathway in human diabetic kidney disease, including upregulation of UGCG, the gene encoding the upstream and rate-limiting enzyme glucosyl ceramide synthase. Diabetic Fabry mice displayed the most severe kidney infiltration by F4/80+ macrophages, and a lower kidney expression of kidney protective genes (Pgc1α and Tfeb) than diabetic wild type mice, without a further increase in kidney fibrosis. Moreover, only diabetic Fabry mice developed kidney insufficiency and these mice with kidney insufficiency had a high expression of Ugcg. In conclusion, we found evidence of interaction between diabetes and Fabry disease that may increase the severity of the kidney phenotype through modulation of the Gb3 synthesis pathway and downregulation of kidney protective genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D. Sanchez-Niño
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.I.C.); (S.C.); (A.P.-C.); (A.B.S.)
- RICORS2040, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria I. Ceballos
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.I.C.); (S.C.); (A.P.-C.); (A.B.S.)
- RICORS2040, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sol Carriazo
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.I.C.); (S.C.); (A.P.-C.); (A.B.S.)
- RICORS2040, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aranzazu Pintor-Chocano
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.I.C.); (S.C.); (A.P.-C.); (A.B.S.)
- RICORS2040, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B. Sanz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.I.C.); (S.C.); (A.P.-C.); (A.B.S.)
- RICORS2040, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Moin A. Saleem
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UD, UK;
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.I.C.); (S.C.); (A.P.-C.); (A.B.S.)
- RICORS2040, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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8
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Xu C, Ha X, Yang S, Tian X, Jiang H. Advances in understanding and treating diabetic kidney disease: focus on tubulointerstitial inflammation mechanisms. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1232790. [PMID: 37859992 PMCID: PMC10583558 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1232790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a serious complication of diabetes that can lead to end-stage kidney disease. Despite its significant impact, most research has concentrated on the glomerulus, with little attention paid to the tubulointerstitial region, which accounts for the majority of the kidney volume. DKD's tubulointerstitial lesions are characterized by inflammation, fibrosis, and loss of kidney function, and recent studies indicate that these lesions may occur earlier than glomerular lesions. Evidence has shown that inflammatory mechanisms in the tubulointerstitium play a critical role in the development and progression of these lesions. Apart from the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone blockade, Sodium-Glucose Linked Transporter-2(SGLT-2) inhibitors and new types of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have emerged as effective ways to treat DKD. Moreover, researchers have proposed potential targeted therapies, such as inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulating T cells and macrophages, among others. These therapies have demonstrated promising results in preclinical studies and clinical trials, suggesting their potential to treat DKD-induced tubulointerstitial lesions effectively. Understanding the immune-inflammatory mechanisms underlying DKD-induced tubulointerstitial lesions and developing targeted therapies could significantly improve the treatment and management of DKD. This review summarizes the latest advances in this field, highlighting the importance of focusing on tubulointerstitial inflammation mechanisms to improve DKD outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengren Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaowen Ha
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Shufen Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Xuefei Tian
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Hong Jiang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
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9
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Yang X, Chen Z, Luo Z, Yang D, Hao Y, Hu J, Feng J, Zhu Z, Luo Q, Zhang Z, Liang W, Ding G. STING deletion alleviates podocyte injury through suppressing inflammation by targeting NLRP3 in diabetic kidney disease. Cell Signal 2023:110777. [PMID: 37329999 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have shown that immune inflammatory response plays a vital role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-dependent inflammatory response is a key mechanism in the initiation and development of DKD. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an adaptor protein that can drive noninfectious inflammation and pyroptosis. However, the mechanism of STING regulating immune inflammation and the interaction with NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis in high glucose state still remains unclear. This study evaluated the potential role of STING in high glucose (HG)-induced podocyte inflammation response. STING expression was significantly increased in db/db mice, STZ-treated diabetic mice, and HG-treated podocytes. Podocyte-specific deletion of STING alleviated podocyte injury, renal dysfunction, and inflammation in STZ-induced diabetic mice. STING inhibitor (H151) administration ameliorated inflammation and improved renal function in db/db mice. STING deletion in podocytes attenuated the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and podocyte pyroptosis in STZ-induced diabetic mice. In vitro, modulated STING expression by STING siRNA alleviated pyroptosis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in HG-treated podocytes. NLRP3 over-expression offset the beneficial effects of STING deletion. These results indicate that STING deletion suppresses podocyte inflammation response through suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and provide evidence that STING may be a potential target for podocyte injury in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Zilv Luo
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dingping Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yiqun Hao
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jijia Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zijing Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zongwei Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guohua Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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10
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Li QL, Tang J, Zhao L, Ruze A, Shan XF, Gao XM. The role of CD74 in cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1049143. [PMID: 36712241 PMCID: PMC9877307 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1049143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte differentiation antigen 74 (CD74), also known as invariant chain, is a molecular chaperone of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules involved in antigen presentation. CD74 has recently been shown to be a receptor for the macrophage migration inhibitory factor family proteins (MIF/MIF2). Many studies have revealed that CD74 plays an important role in cardiovascular disease. In this review, we summarize the structure and main functions of CD74 and then focus on the recent research progress on the role of CD74 in cardiovascular diseases. In addition, we also discuss potential treatment strategies that target CD74. Our systematic review of the role of CD74 in cardiovascular disease will fill some knowledge gaps in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Ürümqi, China
| | - Jing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Ürümqi, China,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Ürümqi, China
| | - Amanguli Ruze
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Ürümqi, China
| | - Xue-Feng Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Ürümqi, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Animal Model Research, Ürümqi, China,Clinical Medical Research Institute of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China,*Correspondence: Xiao-Ming Gao,
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11
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Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis of mRNA Expression Profiles of Mice to Explore the Key Genes Involved in Crim1 Mutation-Induced Congenital Cataracts. Biochem Genet 2022:10.1007/s10528-022-10323-3. [PMID: 36586009 PMCID: PMC10372119 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10323-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Crim1 has been implicated in cataracts in mice and is of great importance in the development of the eye in both humans and mice. Therefore, we aimed to clarify how Crim1 mutations affect lens development and the molecular mechanism of cataracts in mice through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. The microarray chip was downloaded from the GEO database to obtain the gene expression profile data set. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the limma package. GO and KEGG analyses of DEGs were performed using the DAVID database. Then, we established the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network in Cytoscape. Next, we used MCODE to analyze the data. We obtained 750 DEGs in total, including 407 upregulated DEGs and 343 downregulated DEGs. GO analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly related to biological processes, such as apoptosis, cell translation and the immune system. KEGG analysis showed that the enriched functions and pathways were related to the processing and presentation of ribosomes, lysosomes, and antigens. We identified 18 HUB genes, among which four core genes, C1qa, C1qb, C1qc, and Cd74, were closely related to congenital cataracts induced by Crim1 mutation. This study reveals the molecular pathogenesis of congenital cataracts induced by Crim1, and this information is expected to facilitate clinical genetic testing, molecular diagnosis, prognosis, and individualized chemotherapy for congenital cataracts (CC).
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12
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Raghubar AM, Pham DT, Tan X, Grice LF, Crawford J, Lam PY, Andersen SB, Yoon S, Teoh SM, Matigian NA, Stewart A, Francis L, Ng MSY, Healy HG, Combes AN, Kassianos AJ, Nguyen Q, Mallett AJ. Spatially Resolved Transcriptomes of Mammalian Kidneys Illustrate the Molecular Complexity and Interactions of Functional Nephron Segments. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:873923. [PMID: 35872784 PMCID: PMC9300864 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.873923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Available transcriptomes of the mammalian kidney provide limited information on the spatial interplay between different functional nephron structures due to the required dissociation of tissue with traditional transcriptome-based methodologies. A deeper understanding of the complexity of functional nephron structures requires a non-dissociative transcriptomics approach, such as spatial transcriptomics sequencing (ST-seq). We hypothesize that the application of ST-seq in normal mammalian kidneys will give transcriptomic insights within and across species of physiology at the functional structure level and cellular communication at the cell level. Here, we applied ST-seq in six mice and four human kidneys that were histologically absent of any overt pathology. We defined the location of specific nephron structures in the captured ST-seq datasets using three lines of evidence: pathologist's annotation, marker gene expression, and integration with public single-cell and/or single-nucleus RNA-sequencing datasets. We compared the mouse and human cortical kidney regions. In the human ST-seq datasets, we further investigated the cellular communication within glomeruli and regions of proximal tubules-peritubular capillaries by screening for co-expression of ligand-receptor gene pairs. Gene expression signatures of distinct nephron structures and microvascular regions were spatially resolved within the mouse and human ST-seq datasets. We identified 7,370 differentially expressed genes (p adj < 0.05) distinguishing species, suggesting changes in energy production and metabolism in mouse cortical regions relative to human kidneys. Hundreds of potential ligand-receptor interactions were identified within glomeruli and regions of proximal tubules-peritubular capillaries, including known and novel interactions relevant to kidney physiology. Our application of ST-seq to normal human and murine kidneys confirms current knowledge and localization of transcripts within the kidney. Furthermore, the generated ST-seq datasets provide a valuable resource for the kidney community that can be used to inform future research into this complex organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti M. Raghubar
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Health Support Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Anatomical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Health Support Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Duy T. Pham
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiao Tan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Laura F. Grice
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joanna Crawford
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Pui Yeng Lam
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stacey B. Andersen
- Genome Innovation Hub, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- UQ Sequencing Facility, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sohye Yoon
- Genome Innovation Hub, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Siok Min Teoh
- UQ Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicholas A. Matigian
- QCIF Facility for Advanced Bioinformatics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Anne Stewart
- Anatomical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Health Support Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Leo Francis
- Anatomical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Health Support Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Monica S. Y. Ng
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Health Support Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Nephrology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Helen G. Healy
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Health Support Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alexander N. Combes
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Stem Cells and Development Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Kassianos
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Conjoint Internal Medicine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Health Support Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Quan Nguyen
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Mallett
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- College of Medicine & Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, QLD, Australia
- Department of Renal Medicine, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, QLD, Australia
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13
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Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) as a Stress Molecule in Renal Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094908. [PMID: 35563296 PMCID: PMC9102975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal inflammation is an initial pathological process during progressive renal injury regardless of the initial cause. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a truly proinflammatory stress mediator that is highly expressed in a variety of both inflammatory cells and intrinsic kidney cells. MIF is released from the diseased kidney immediately upon stimulation to trigger renal inflammation by activating macrophages and T cells, and promoting the production of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and stress molecules via signaling pathways involving the CD74/CD44 and chemokine receptors CXCR2, CXCR4, and CXCR7 signaling. In addition, MIF can function as a stress molecule to counter-regulate the immunosuppressive effect of glucocorticoid in renal inflammation. Given the critical position of MIF in the upstream inflammatory cascade, this review focuses on the regulatory role and molecular mechanisms of MIF in kidney diseases. The therapeutic potential of targeting MIF signaling to treat kidney diseases is also discussed.
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14
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Handa T, Mori KP, Ishii A, Ohno S, Kanai Y, Watanabe-Takano H, Yasoda A, Kuwabara T, Takahashi N, Mochizuki N, Mukoyama M, Yanagita M, Yokoi H. Osteocrin ameliorates adriamycin nephropathy via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibition. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21835. [PMID: 34750411 PMCID: PMC8575949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01095-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Natriuretic peptides exert multiple effects by binding to natriuretic peptide receptors (NPRs). Osteocrin (OSTN) binds with high affinity to NPR-C, a clearance receptor for natriuretic peptides, and inhibits degradation of natriuretic peptides and consequently enhances guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A/NPR1) signaling. However, the roles of OSTN in the kidney have not been well clarified. Adriamycin (ADR) nephropathy in wild-type mice showed albuminuria, glomerular basement membrane changes, increased podocyte injuries, infiltration of macrophages, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. All these phenotypes were improved in OSTN- transgenic (Tg) mice and NPR3 knockout (KO) mice, with no further improvement in OSTN-Tg/NPR3 KO double mutant mice, indicating that OSTN works through NPR3. On the contrary, OSTN KO mice increased urinary albumin levels, and pharmacological blockade of p38 MAPK in OSTN KO mice ameliorated ADR nephropathy. In vitro, combination treatment with ANP and OSTN, or FR167653, p38 MAPK inhibitor, reduced Ccl2 and Des mRNA expression in murine podocytes (MPC5). OSTN increased intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in MPC5 through GC-A. We have elucidated that circulating OSTN improves ADR nephropathy by enhancing GC-A signaling and consequently suppressing p38 MAPK activation. These results suggest that OSTN could be a promising therapeutic agent for podocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Handa
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 6068507, Japan
| | - Keita P Mori
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 6068507, Japan.,Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Kitano Hospital, Osaka, Japan.,TMK Project, Medical Innovation Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Ishii
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 6068507, Japan
| | - Shoko Ohno
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 6068507, Japan
| | - Yugo Kanai
- Department of Diabetes Mellitus and Endocrinology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruko Watanabe-Takano
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasoda
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashige Kuwabara
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Motoko Yanagita
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 6068507, Japan.,Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideki Yokoi
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 6068507, Japan.
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15
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RNA-Seq analysis reveals critical transcriptome changes caused by sodium butyrate in DN mouse models. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228173. [PMID: 33779731 PMCID: PMC8035627 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN)—a common complication of diabetes—is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease. Sodium butyrate (NaB) is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) that is a metabolic product of intestinal bacterium, and its protective effect on the kidney has been reported in cases of DN. However, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of NaB on globe transcriptome changes in DN. In our study, 8-week-old male db/db mice suffering from DN were randomly divided into two groups: the DN+NaB group (DN mice treated with NaB, 5 g/kg/day) and the DN group (DN mice treated with saline). Further, normal db/m mice were used as the normal control (NC) group. The blood glucose, body weight, urinary microalbumin and urinary creatinine of mice were measured for all three groups. Whole-transcriptome analysis was performed by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to evaluate the profiling of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict the potential NaB-related lncRNAs and genes in DN. The expressions of lncRNAs and mRNAs were tested using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions (qRT-PCRs) in renal tissues and mesangial cells treated with NaB. The results of the present study demonstrated that NaB ameliorated renal dysfunction in DN mice. Moreover, RNA-Seq results identified that some lncRNAs and mRNAs were reversely changed in the DN+NaB group in comparison to those in the DN group. Additionally, the integrated co-expression networks of NaB-related lncRNAs revealed that these lncRNAs interacted with 155 key mRNAs. Furthermore, the co-expression network of inflammation-related lncRNAs and mRNAs demonstrated that those reversed lncRNAs and mRNAs also play essential roles in the inflammatory response. In summary, the present study suggests that NaB ameliorates diabetes-induced renal dysfunction and regulates transcriptome changes in DN.
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16
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Trimarchi H, Ortiz A, Sánchez-Niño MD. Lyso-Gb3 Increases αvβ3 Integrin Gene Expression in Cultured Human Podocytes in Fabry Nephropathy. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113659. [PMID: 33203029 PMCID: PMC7696179 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Podocyturia in Fabry nephropathy leads to glomerulosclerosis and kidney disease progression. Integrins are involved in podocyte attachment to the glomerular basement membrane. We hypothesized that in Fabry nephropathy, lyso-Gb3 could modulate αvβ3 expression in podocytes. Together with UPAR, the αvβ3 integrin is a key mechanism involved in podocyte detachment and podocyturia. Methods: In cultured human podocytes stimulated with lyso-Gb3, the mRNA expression of the ITGAV and ITGB3 genes encoding integrins αv and β3, respectively, was analyzed by RT-qPCR. Results: In cultured human podocytes, lyso-Gb3 at concentrations encountered in the serum of Fabry patients increased ITGAV and ITGB3 mRNA levels within 3 to 6 h. This pattern of gene expression is similar to that previously observed for PLAUR (UPAR) gene expression but is in contrast to the delayed (24 h) upregulation of other markers of podocyte stress and mediators of injury, such as CD80, TGFβ1, CD74, Notch1, and HES. Conclusions: Human podocyte stress in response to glycolipid overload in Fabry nephropathy, exemplified by lyso-Gb3, is characterized by an early increase in the expression of components of the αvβ3/UPAR system, which contrasts with the delayed rise in the expression of other mediators of podocyte injury. This suggests that the αvβ3/UPAR system may be a therapeutic target in Fabry nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán Trimarchi
- Nephrology Service, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, 1280 Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1280-5411-4309-6400
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- IIS-Fundación Jimenez Díaz, School of Medicine, UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.O.); (M.D.S.-N.)
- Spanish Renal Research Network (REDINREN), 28004 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Sánchez-Niño
- IIS-Fundación Jimenez Díaz, School of Medicine, UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.O.); (M.D.S.-N.)
- Spanish Renal Research Network (REDINREN), 28004 Madrid, Spain
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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17
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Epigenetic Modifiers as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114113. [PMID: 32526941 PMCID: PMC7312774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease is one of the fastest growing causes of death worldwide. Epigenetic regulators control gene expression and are potential therapeutic targets. There is functional interventional evidence for a role of DNA methylation and the histone post-translational modifications-histone methylation, acetylation and crotonylation-in the pathogenesis of kidney disease, including diabetic kidney disease. Readers of epigenetic marks, such as bromodomain and extra terminal (BET) proteins, are also therapeutic targets. Thus, the BD2 selective BET inhibitor apabetalone was the first epigenetic regulator to undergo phase-3 clinical trials in diabetic kidney disease with an endpoint of kidney function. The direct therapeutic modulation of epigenetic features is possible through pharmacological modulators of the specific enzymes involved and through the therapeutic use of the required substrates. Of further interest is the characterization of potential indirect effects of nephroprotective drugs on epigenetic regulation. Thus, SGLT2 inhibitors increase the circulating and tissue levels of β-hydroxybutyrate, a molecule that generates a specific histone modification, β-hydroxybutyrylation, which has been associated with the beneficial health effects of fasting. To what extent this impact on epigenetic regulation may underlie or contribute to the so-far unclear molecular mechanisms of cardio- and nephroprotection offered by SGLT2 inhibitors merits further in-depth studies.
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18
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Pathogenic Pathways and Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Inflammation in Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113798. [PMID: 32471207 PMCID: PMC7312633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is associated with an increased morbidity and mortality, resulting in elevated cost for public health systems. DN is the main cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its incidence increases the number of patients that develop the end-stage renal disease (ESRD). There are growing epidemiological and preclinical evidence about the close relationship between inflammatory response and the occurrence and progression of DN. Several anti-inflammatory strategies targeting specific inflammatory mediators (cell adhesion molecules, chemokines and cytokines) and intracellular signaling pathways have shown beneficial effects in experimental models of DN, decreasing proteinuria and renal lesions. A number of inflammatory molecules have been shown useful to identify diabetic patients at high risk of developing renal complications. In this review, we focus on the key role of inflammation in the genesis and progression of DN, with a special interest in effector molecules and activated intracellular pathways leading to renal damage, as well as a comprehensive update of new therapeutic strategies targeting inflammation to prevent and/or retard renal injury.
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19
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Barbachano-Guerrero A, Endy TP, King CA. Dengue virus non-structural protein 1 activates the p38 MAPK pathway to decrease barrier integrity in primary human endothelial cells. J Gen Virol 2020; 101:484-496. [PMID: 32141809 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) causes an estimated 390 million infections worldwide annually, with severe forms of disease marked by vascular leakage. Endothelial cells (EC) are directly responsible for vascular homeostasis and are highly responsive to circulating mediators but are not commonly infected. DENV encodes seven non-structural (NS) proteins; with only one of those, NS1, secreted from infected cells and accumulating in the blood of patients. NS1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of vascular permeability, but the mechanism is not completely understood. Here we used primary endothelial cells and an array of in vitro approaches to study the effect of NS1 in disease-relevant human ECs. Confocal microscopy demonstrated rapid NS1 internalization by ECs into endosomes with accumulation over time. Transcriptomic and pathway analysis showed significant changes in functions associated with EC homeostasis and vascular permeability. Functional significance of this activation was assessed by trans-endothelial electrical resistance and showed that NS1 induced rapid and transient loss in EC barrier function within 3 h post-treatment. To understand the molecular mechanism by which NS1 induced EC activation, we evaluated the stress-sensing p38 MAPK pathway known to be directly involved in EC permeability and inflammation. WB analysis of NS1-stimulated ECs showed clear activation of p38 MAPK and downstream effectors MAPKAPK-2 and HSP27 with chemical inhibition of the p38 MAP kinase pathway restoring barrier function. Our results suggest that DENV NS1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of severe dengue by activating the p38 MAPK in ECs, promoting increased permeability that characterizes severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy P Endy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse NY, USA
| | - Christine A King
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse NY, USA
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20
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Chen CA, Chang JM, Yang YL, Chang EE, Chen HC. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor regulates integrin-β1 and cyclin D1 expression via ERK pathway in podocytes. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 124:109892. [PMID: 31986415 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is found to increase in proliferative glomerulonephritis. MIF binds to the MIF receptor (CD74) that activates MAP kinase (ERK and p38). Integrins and cyclinD1 regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and adhesion. This study evaluates whether MIF can regulate integrin-β1/cyclin D1 expression and cell adhesion of podocytes. MAIN METHODS Expression of integrin-β1 mRNA/protein and cyclin D1 mRNA under stimulation of MIF was evaluated by real-time PCR and Western blotting. MIF receptor (CD74) and MAP kinase under MIF treatment were examined to determine which pathway regulated integrin-β1 and cyclin D1 expression. Cell adhesion was evaluated under MIF treatment and/or anti-integrin-β1 antibody by cell adhesion assay. KEY FINDINGS Protein levels of integrin-β1 were up-regulated under MIF treatment in a dosage-dependent manner. CD74 protein levels were not changed after MIF treatment. Integrin-β1 and cyclin D1 mRNA levels were up-regulated after MIF 100 ng/ml treatment. ERK inhibitor U0126 reduced MIF-induced the increase in integrin-β1 mRNA and protein expression following MIF stimulation. However, p38 inhibitor SB 203580 did not inhibit MIF-induced increase in integrin-β1 mRNA and protein expression following MIF stimulation. MIF-induced increase in cyclin D1 mRNA level also was inhibited only by U0126 following MIF stimulation. Podocyte adhesion was increased after MIF treatment, but, anti-integrin-β1 antibody decreased MIF-enhanced podocyte adhesion. SIGNIFICANCE MIF increases integrin-β1 and cyclin D1 expression through the ERK pathway in podocytes, and the up-regulated expression of integrin-β1 increases podocyte adhesion. These results provide further understanding for the role of MIF in developing proliferative glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-An Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Tainan Sinlau Hospital, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; Department of Health Care Administration, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, 711, Taiwan.
| | - Jer-Ming Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Yang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, 703, Taiwan
| | - Eddy-Essen Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
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Ramos AM, Fernández-Fernández B, Pérez-Gómez MV, Carriazo Julio SM, Sanchez-Niño MD, Sanz A, Ruiz-Ortega M, Ortiz A. Design and optimization strategies for the development of new drugs that treat chronic kidney disease. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 15:101-115. [PMID: 31736379 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1690450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by increased risks of progression to end-stage kidney disease requiring dialysis and cardiovascular mortality, predicted to be among the five top causes of death by 2040. Only the design and optimization of novel strategies to develop new drugs to treat CKD will contain this trend. Current therapy for CKD includes nonspecific therapy targeting proteinuria and/or hypertension and cause-specific therapies for diabetic kidney disease, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, glomerulonephritides, Fabry nephropathy, hemolytic uremic syndrome and others.Areas covered: Herein, the authors review the literature on new drugs under development for CKD as well as novel design and development strategies.Expert opinion: New therapies for CKD have become a healthcare priority. Emerging therapies undergoing clinical trials are testing expanded renin-angiotensin system blockade with double angiotensin receptor/endothelin receptor blockers, SGLT2 inhibition, and targeting inflammation, the immune response, fibrosis and the Nrf2 transcription factor. Emerging therapeutic targets include cell senescence, complement activation, Klotho expression preservation and microbiota. Novel approaches include novel model systems that can be personalized (e.g. organoids), unbiased systems biology-based identification of new therapeutic targets, drug databases that speed up drug identification and repurposing, nanomedicines that improve drug delivery and RNA targeting to expand the number of targetable proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián M Ramos
- Laboratory of Nephrology and Hypertension, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Fernández-Fernández
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Nephrology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vanessa Pérez-Gómez
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sol María Carriazo Julio
- Nephrology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Dolores Sanchez-Niño
- Laboratory of Nephrology and Hypertension, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Sanz
- Laboratory of Nephrology and Hypertension, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Renal and Vascular Pathology and Diabetes, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD), School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo IRSIN C/José Abascal, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Cuarental L, Sucunza-Sáenz D, Valiño-Rivas L, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Sanz AB, Ortiz A, Vaquero JJ, Sanchez-Niño MD. MAP3K kinases and kidney injury. Nefrologia 2019; 39:568-580. [PMID: 31196660 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases) are functionally connected kinases that regulate key cellular process involved in kidney disease such as all survival, death, differentiation and proliferation. The typical MAP kinase module is composed by a cascade of three kinases: a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K) that phosphorylates and activates a MAP kinase kinase (MAP2K) which phosphorylates a MAP kinase (MAPK). While the role of MAPKs such as ERK, p38 and JNK has been well characterized in experimental kidney injury, much less is known about the apical kinases in the cascade, the MAP3Ks. There are 24 characterized MAP3K (MAP3K1 to MAP3K21 plus RAF1, BRAF and ARAF). We now review current knowledge on the involvement of MAP3K in non-malignant kidney disease and the therapeutic tools available. There is in vivo interventional evidence clearly supporting a role for MAP3K5 (ASK1) and MAP3K14 (NIK) in the pathogenesis of experimental kidney disease. Indeed, the ASK1 inhibitor Selonsertib has undergone clinical trials for diabetic kidney disease. Additionally, although MAP3K7 (MEKK7, TAK1) is required for kidney development, acutely targeting MAP3K7 protected from acute and chronic kidney injury; and targeting MAP3K8 (TPL2/Cot) protected from acute kidney injury. By contrast MAP3K15 (ASK3) may protect from hypertension and BRAF inhibitors in clinical use may induced acute kidney injury and nephrotic syndrome. Given their role as upstream regulators of intracellular signaling, MAP3K are potential therapeutic targets in kidney injury, as demonstrated for some of them. However, the role of most MAP3K in kidney disease remains unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Sucunza-Sáenz
- REDINREN, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Belen Sanz
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain; REDINREN, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain; REDINREN, Spain
| | - Juan José Vaquero
- REDINREN, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
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23
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Buraczynska M, Ksiazek K, Wacinski P, Zaluska W. Interleukin-1β Gene ( IL1B) Polymorphism and Risk of Developing Diabetic Nephropathy. Immunol Invest 2019; 48:577-584. [PMID: 31044637 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2019.1595642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and its complications. The aim of the study was to evaluate an association of the -511 (C/T) polymorphism in the IL1B gene with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods: The study population included 860 patients with T2DM (506 with diabetic nephropathy and 354 without nephropathy) as well as 505 healthy individuals. Genomic DNA was genotyped for the IL1B -511 (C/T) polymorphism using PCR-RFLP technique. Results: The IL1B -511 C/T polymorphism was genotyped in 860 T2DM patients with or without DN and 505 healthy individuals. The average age of patients was 65.3 years in DN+ and 62.2 years in DN- subgroups. The genotype distribution did not differ significantly between patients and controls. Only a tendency to a slight increase of T allele frequency was observed in patient group. Genotype and allele frequencies of -511 C/T polymorphism were compared in patients with DN and those without it. The minor allele (T) and homozygote TT frequencies were significantly different between subgroups. The T allele was more frequent in DN+ patients, with odds ratio 1.45 (95% CI 1.2-1.8), p = 0.0003. The TT genotype frequency was also higher in DN+, with OR 1.76 (96% CI 1.1-2.7), p = 0.01. Conclusion: In a studied population the -511 C/T polymorphism in the IL1B gene is associated with diabetic nephropathy in dialyzed T2DM patients. Further studies are required to confirm the clinical significance of this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Buraczynska
- a Department of Nephrology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ksiazek
- b Department of Paedodontics , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Piotr Wacinski
- c Department of Cardiology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Wojciech Zaluska
- a Department of Nephrology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
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TWEAK increases CD74 expression and sensitizes to DDT proinflammatory actions in tubular cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199391. [PMID: 29924850 PMCID: PMC6010292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CD74 is a multifunctional protein and a receptor for Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and MIF-2 / D-dopachrome tautomerase (DDT) cytokines, upregulated in diabetic kidney disease. However, the drivers of CD74 expression and DDT function in kidney cells are poorly characterized. TWEAK is a proinflammatory cytokine that promotes kidney injury. We have now identified CD74 gene expression as upregulated in the kidneys in response to systemic TWEAK administration in mice, and have characterized the in vivo CD74 expression and the functional consequences in cultured cells. TWEAK administration to mice resulted in a progressive time-dependent (up to 24h) upregulation of kidney CD74 mRNA (RT-PCR) and protein (Western blot). Furthermore, the CD74 ligands MIF and DDT were also upregulated at the protein level 24h after TWEAK administration. Immunohistochemistry localized the increased CD74, MIF and DDT expression to tubular cells. In cultured tubular cells, TWEAK increased CD74 mRNA and protein expression dose-dependently, with a temporal pattern similar to in vivo. TWEAK-induced CD74 localized to the cell membrane, where it can function as a cytokine receptor. For the first time, we explored the actions of DDT in tubular cells and found that DDT amplified the increase in MCP-1 and RANTES expression in response to TWEAK. By contrast, DDT did not significantly modify TWEAK-induced Klotho downregulation. In conclusion, TWEAK upregulates CD74 and its ligands MIF and DDT in renal tubular cells. This may have functional consequences for kidney injury since DDT amplified the inflammatory response to TWEAK.
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25
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Hameed I, Masoodi SR, Malik PA, Mir SA, Ghazanfar K, Ganai BA. Genetic variations in key inflammatory cytokines exacerbates the risk of diabetic nephropathy by influencing the gene expression. Gene 2018; 661:51-59. [PMID: 29605608 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy is the single strongest predictor of mortality in patients with diabetes. The development of overt nephropathy involves important inter-individual variations, even after adjusting for potential confounding influences of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Genome-wide transcriptome studies have reported the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways and there is mounting indication of the role of genetic factors. METHODS We screened nine genetic variations in three cytokine genes (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-β) in 1326 unrelated subjects comprising of healthy controls (n = 464), type 2 diabetics with nephropathy (DN, n = 448) and type 2 diabetes without nephropathy (T2D, n = 414) by sequence-specific amplification. Functional implication of SNPs was elucidated by correlation studies and relative gene expression using Realtime-Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). RESULTS Individual SNP analysis showed highest association of IL-1β rs16944-TT genotype (OR = 3.51, 95%CI = 2.36-5.21, P = 0.001) and TNF-α rs1800629-AA genotype (OR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.64-4.59, P = 0.001) with T2D and DN respectively. The haplotype frequency showed significant risk of seven combinations among T2D and four combinations among DN subjects. The highest risk of T2D and DN was associated with GGTGAGTTT (OR = 4.25, 95%CI = 3.3-14.20, P = 0.0016) and GACGACCTT (OR = 21.3, 95%CI = 15.1-28.33, P = 0.026) haplotypes respectively. Relative expression by RT-qPCR showed increased cytokine expression in cases as compared to controls. TNF-α expression was increased by more than four-folds (n-fold = 4.43 ± 1.11) in DN. TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β transcript levels were significantly modulated by promoter region SNPs. CONCLUSIONS The present study implicates a strong association between cytokine TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β gene promoter polymorphisms and modulation of transcript levels with susceptibility to nephropathy in diabetes subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal Srinagar, India; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, GK Medical Trust, Srinagar, India
| | - Shariq R Masoodi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Perveez A Malik
- Department of Minimal Access Surgery, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shahnaz A Mir
- Department of Endocrinology, Government Medical College and Associated Hospital, Srinagar, India
| | | | - Bashir A Ganai
- Center for Research and Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.
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26
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to examine the proposed role of immune modulation in the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). RECENT FINDINGS Diabetic kidney disease has not historically been considered an immune-mediated disease; however, increasing evidence is emerging in support of an immune role in its pathophysiology. Both systemic and local renal inflammation have been associated with DKD. Infiltration of immune cells, predominantly macrophages, into the kidney has been reported in a number of both experimental and clinical studies. In addition, increased levels of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines have been linked to disease progression. Consequently, a variety of therapeutic strategies involving modulation of the immune response are currently being investigated in diabetic kidney disease. Although no current therapies for DKD are directly based on immune modulation many of the therapies in clinical use have anti-inflammatory effects along with their primary actions. Macrophages emerge as the most likely beneficial immune cell target and compounds which reduce macrophage infiltration to the kidney have shown potential in both animal models and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fionnuala B Hickey
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Tallaght Hospital, Dublin, Dublin 24, Ireland
| | - Finian Martin
- School of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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27
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Defining Phenotypes in Diabetic Nephropathy: a novel approach using a cross-sectional analysis of a single centre cohort. Sci Rep 2018; 8:53. [PMID: 29311660 PMCID: PMC5758706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18595-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The global increase in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has led to an increase in DM-Chronic Kidney Disease (DM-CKD). In this cross-sectional observational study we aimed to define phenotypes for patients with DM-CKD that in future may be used to individualise treatment We report 4 DM-CKD phenotypes in 220 patients recruited from Imperial College NHS Trust clinics from 2004–2012. A robust principal component analysis (PCA) was used to statistically determine clusters with phenotypically different patients. 163 patients with complete data sets were analysed: 77 with CKD and 86 with DM-CKD. Four different clusters were identified. Phenotypes 1 and 2 are entirely composed of patients with DM-CKD and phenotypes 3 and 4 are predominantly CKD (non-DM-CKD). Phenotype 1 depicts a cardiovascular phenotype; phenotype 2: microvascular complications with advanced DM-CKD; phenotype 3: advanced CKD with less anaemia, lower weight and HbA1c; phenotype 4: hypercholesteraemic, younger, less severe CKD. We are the first group to describe different phenotypes in DM-CKD using a PCA approach. Identification of phenotypic groups illustrates the differences and similarities that occur under the umbrella term of DM-CKD providing an opportunity to study phenotypes within these groups thereby facilitating development of precision/personalised targeted medicine.
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28
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Selvaraj S, Oh JH, Spanel R, Länger F, Han HY, Lee EH, Yoon S, Borlak J. The pathogenesis of diclofenac induced immunoallergic hepatitis in a canine model of liver injury. Oncotarget 2017; 8:107763-107824. [PMID: 29296203 PMCID: PMC5746105 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypersensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is a common adverse drug reaction and may result in serious inflammatory reactions of the liver. To investigate mechanism of immunoallergic hepatitis beagle dogs were given 1 or 3 mg/kg/day (HD) oral diclofenac for 28 days. HD diclofenac treatment caused liver function test abnormalities, reduced haematocrit and haemoglobin but induced reticulocyte, WBC, platelet, neutrophil and eosinophil counts. Histopathology evidenced hepatic steatosis and glycogen depletion, apoptosis, acute lobular hepatitis, granulomas and mastocytosis. Whole genome scans revealed 663 significantly regulated genes of which 82, 47 and 25 code for stress, immune response and inflammation. Immunopathology confirmed strong induction of IgM, the complement factors C3&B, SAA, SERPING1 and others of the classical and alternate pathway. Alike, marked expression of CD205 and CD74 in Kupffer cells and lymphocytes facilitate antigen presentation and B-cell differentiation. The highly induced HIF1A and KLF6 protein expression in mast cells and macrophages sustain inflammation. Furthermore, immunogenomics discovered 24, 17, 6 and 11 significantly regulated marker genes to hallmark M1/M2 polarized macrophages, lymphocytic and granulocytic infiltrates; note, the latter was confirmed by CAE staining. Other highly regulated genes included alpha-2-macroglobulin, CRP, hepcidin, IL1R1, S100A8 and CCL20. Diclofenac treatment caused unprecedented induction of myeloperoxidase in macrophages and oxidative stress as shown by SOD1/SOD2 immunohistochemistry. Lastly, bioinformatics defined molecular circuits of inflammation and consisted of 161 regulated genes. Altogether, the mechanism of diclofenac induced liver hypersensitivity reactions involved oxidative stress, macrophage polarization, mastocytosis, complement activation and an erroneous programming of the innate and adaptive immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanakumar Selvaraj
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jung-Hwa Oh
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 34114 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Reinhard Spanel
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, 41747 Viersen, Germany
| | - Florian Länger
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hyoung-Yun Han
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 34114 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Lee
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 34114 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokjoo Yoon
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 34114 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jürgen Borlak
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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29
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Ochi A, Chen D, Schulte W, Leng L, Moeckel N, Piecychna M, Averdunk L, Stoppe C, Bucala R, Moeckel G. MIF-2/D-DT enhances proximal tubular cell regeneration through SLPI- and ATF4-dependent mechanisms. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 313:F767-F780. [PMID: 28539339 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00683.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a cytokine with pleiotropic actions that is produced by several organs and cell types. Depending on the target cell and the inflammatory context, MIF can engage its two component receptor complex CD74 and CD44 and the chemokine receptors CXCR2/4. MIF is constitutively expressed in renal proximal tubular cells, stored in intracellular preformed pools, and released at a low rate. Recently, a second MIF-like protein (i.e., MIF-2/D-DT) has been characterized in mammals. Our study was aimed at examining the role of MIF-2/D-DT, which mediates tissue protection in the heart, in tubular cell regeneration from ischemia-reperfusion injury. We found that Mif-/-, Mif-2-/-, and Cd74-/- mice had significantly worse tubular injury compared with wild-type (WT) control mice and that treatment with MIF-2/D-DT significantly improved recovery of injured epithelial cells. RNAseq analysis of kidney tissue from the ischemia-reperfusion injury model revealed that MIF-2/D-DT treatment stimulates secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor (SLPI) and cyclin D1 expression. MIF-2/D-DT additionally activates of eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 2α and activating transcription factor (ATF) 4, two transcription factors involved in the integrated stress response (ISR), which is a cellular stress response activated by hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, and oxygen radicals. MIF-2/D-DT also inhibited apoptosis and induced autophagy in hypoxia-treated mouse proximal tubular (MPT) cells. These results indicate that MIF-2/D-DT is an important factor in tubular cell regeneration and may be of therapeutic utility as a regenerative agent in the clinical setting of ischemic acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinobu Ochi
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Wibke Schulte
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Lin Leng
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Nickolas Moeckel
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Marta Piecychna
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Luisa Averdunk
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Stoppe
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Gilbert Moeckel
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut;
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30
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González N, Prieto I, del Puerto-Nevado L, Portal-Nuñez S, Ardura JA, Corton M, Fernández-Fernández B, Aguilera O, Gomez-Guerrero C, Mas S, Moreno JA, Ruiz-Ortega M, Sanz AB, Sanchez-Niño MD, Rojo F, Vivanco F, Esbrit P, Ayuso C, Alvarez-Llamas G, Egido J, García-Foncillas J, Ortiz A. 2017 update on the relationship between diabetes and colorectal cancer: epidemiology, potential molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Oncotarget 2017; 8:18456-18485. [PMID: 28060743 PMCID: PMC5392343 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide deaths from diabetes mellitus (DM) and colorectal cancer increased by 90% and 57%, respectively, over the past 20 years. The risk of colorectal cancer was estimated to be 27% higher in patients with type 2 DM than in non-diabetic controls. However, there are potential confounders, information from lower income countries is scarce, across the globe there is no correlation between DM prevalence and colorectal cancer incidence and the association has evolved over time, suggesting the impact of additional environmental factors. The clinical relevance of these associations depends on understanding the mechanism involved. Although evidence is limited, insulin use has been associated with increased and metformin with decreased incidence of colorectal cancer. In addition, colorectal cancer shares some cellular and molecular pathways with diabetes target organ damage, exemplified by diabetic kidney disease. These include epithelial cell injury, activation of inflammation and Wnt/β-catenin pathways and iron homeostasis defects, among others. Indeed, some drugs have undergone clinical trials for both cancer and diabetic kidney disease. Genome-wide association studies have identified diabetes-associated genes (e.g. TCF7L2) that may also contribute to colorectal cancer. We review the epidemiological evidence, potential pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic implications of the association between DM and colorectal cancer. Further studies should clarify the worldwide association between DM and colorectal cancer, strengthen the biological plausibility of a cause-and-effect relationship through characterization of the molecular pathways involved, search for specific molecular signatures of colorectal cancer under diabetic conditions, and eventually explore DM-specific strategies to prevent or treat colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves González
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Prieto
- Radiation Oncology, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura del Puerto-Nevado
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Portal-Nuñez
- Bone and Mineral Metabolism laboratory, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Ardura
- Bone and Mineral Metabolism laboratory, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Corton
- Genetics, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Oscar Aguilera
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sebastián Mas
- Nephrology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Belen Sanz
- Nephrology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Federico Rojo
- Pathology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pedro Esbrit
- Bone and Mineral Metabolism laboratory, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Genetics, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Egido
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Spanish Biomedical Research Network in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Nephrology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús García-Foncillas
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Nephrology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
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Trimarchi H, Canzonieri R, Schiel A, Costales-Collaguazo C, Politei J, Stern A, Paulero M, Rengel T, Andrews J, Forrester M, Lombi M, Pomeranz V, Iriarte R, Muryan A, Zotta E, Sanchez-Niño MD, Ortiz A. Increased urinary CD80 excretion and podocyturia in Fabry disease. J Transl Med 2016; 14:289. [PMID: 27733175 PMCID: PMC5062834 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-1049-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Certain glomerulopathies are associated with increased levels of CD80 (B7-1). We measured the urinary excretion of CD80, podocyturia and proteinuria in controls and in subjects with Fabry disease either untreated or on enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). METHODS Cross-sectional study including 65 individuals: controls (n = 20) and Fabry patients (n = 45, 23 of them not on ERT and 22 on ERT). Variables included age, gender, urinary protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary uCD80/creatinine ratio (uCD80) and podocyturia. CD80 mRNA expression in response to lyso-Gb3, a bioactive glycolipid accumulated in Fabry disease, was studied in cultured human podocytes. RESULTS Controls and Fabry patients did not differ in age, eGFR and gender. However, UPCR, uCD80 and podocyturia were significantly higher in Fabry patients than in controls. As expected, Fabry patients not on ERT were younger and a higher percentage were females. Non-ERT Fabry patients had less advanced kidney disease than ERT Fabry patients: UPCR was lower and eGFR higher, but uCD80 and podocyturia did not differ between non-ERT or ERT Fabry patients. There was a significant correlation between uCD80 and UPCR in the whole population (r 0.44, p 0.0005) and in Fabry patients (r 0.42, p 0.0046). Lyso-Gb3 at concentrations found in the circulation of Fabry patients increased uCD80 expression in cultured podocytes. CONCLUSIONS Fabry disease is characterized by early occurrence of increased uCD80 excretion that appears to be a consequence of glycolipid accumulation. The potential for uCD80 excretion to reflect early, subclinical renal Fabry involvement should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Trimarchi
- Nephrology Service, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Perdriel 74, 1280, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - R Canzonieri
- Central Laboratory, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Schiel
- Central Laboratory, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Costales-Collaguazo
- IFIBIO Houssay, CONICET, Physiopathology, Pharmacy and Biochemistry Faculty, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Politei
- Neurology Department, Laboratorio Neuroquímica Dr. Néstor Chamoles, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Stern
- Central Laboratory, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Paulero
- Nephrology Service, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Perdriel 74, 1280, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - T Rengel
- Nephrology Service, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Perdriel 74, 1280, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Andrews
- Nephrology Service, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Perdriel 74, 1280, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Forrester
- Nephrology Service, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Perdriel 74, 1280, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Lombi
- Nephrology Service, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Perdriel 74, 1280, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - V Pomeranz
- Nephrology Service, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Perdriel 74, 1280, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Iriarte
- Nephrology Service, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Perdriel 74, 1280, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Muryan
- Central Laboratory, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E Zotta
- IFIBIO Houssay, CONICET, Physiopathology, Pharmacy and Biochemistry Faculty, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M D Sanchez-Niño
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine, UAM, Avda Reyes Catolicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain. .,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain.
| | - A Ortiz
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine, UAM, Avda Reyes Catolicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
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The role of TGF-β-activated kinase 1 in db/db mice and high glucose-induced macrophage. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 38:120-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yamazaki T, Sasaki S, Okamoto T, Sato Y, Hayashi A, Ariga T. Up-Regulation of CD74 Expression in Parietal Epithelial Cells in a Mouse Model of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. Nephron Clin Pract 2016; 134:238-252. [PMID: 27463800 DOI: 10.1159/000448221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS De novo expression of CD44 is considered as a marker of parietal epithelial cell (PEC) activation. The aim of our study was to explore CD74 expression, which can form a complex with CD44, in PECs during the progression of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). To clarify the role of CD74 expression and of its interaction with CD44, we generated a new mouse model with enhanced PEC activation through lipopolysaccharide (LPS) application to adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy mice (LPS-treated ADR mice). METHODS As a new model, LPS was intraperitoneally injected into the mice 3 weeks after ADR injection. The mice were divided into 3 categories: control mice, ADR mice and LPS-treated ADR mice. Renal function parameters, histologic changes and immunohistochemical expression of CD74 and other PEC activation markers were analyzed after LPS application. RESULTS After LPS stimulation, the glomeruli were characterized by enlarged epithelial cells with strong CD74 expression, followed by pseudo-crescent formation. By double staining, CD74-positive enlarged cells showed co-expression of classical PEC markers, but not of Lotus tetragonolobus lectin (marker of proximal tubular cells), suggesting amplification of PEC activation. Time-course analysis displayed marked upregulation of CD74 expression during rapid PEC activation compared with CD44. Additionally, the time-dependent change in ERK phosphorylation showed a similar pattern to CD74. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that CD74 can be a marker for PEC activation in FSGS. By modifying the ADR mouse model through LPS treatment, we found that CD74 upregulation better reflects a rapid amplification of PEC activation than CD44 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yamazaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Perez-Gomez MV, Sanchez-Niño MD, Sanz AB, Zheng B, Martín-Cleary C, Ruiz-Ortega M, Ortiz A, Fernandez-Fernandez B. Targeting inflammation in diabetic kidney disease: early clinical trials. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2016; 25:1045-58. [PMID: 27268955 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2016.1196184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The age-standardized death rate from diabetic kidney disease increased by 106% from 1990 to 2013, indicating that novel therapeutic approaches are needed, in addition to the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers currently in use. Clinical trial results of anti-fibrotic therapy have been disappointing. However, promising anti-inflammatory drugs are currently on phase 1 and 2 randomized controlled trials. AREAS COVERED The authors review the preclinical, phase 1 and 2 clinical trial information of drugs tested for diabetic kidney disease that directly target inflammation as a main or key mode of action. Agents mainly targeting other pathways, such as endothelin receptor or mineralocorticoid receptor blockers and vitamin D receptor activators are not discussed. EXPERT OPINION Agents targeting inflammation have shown promising results in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease when added on top of RAS blockade. The success of pentoxifylline in open label trials supports the concept of targeting inflammation. In early clinical trials, the pentoxifylline derivative CTP-499, the CCR2 inhibitor CCX140-B, the CCL2 inhibitor emapticap pegol and the JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor baricitinib were the most promising drugs for diabetic kidney disease. The termination of trials testing the anti-IL-1β antibody gevokizumab in 2015 will postpone the evaluation of therapies targeting inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vanessa Perez-Gomez
- a Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and FRIAT, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine , UAM , Madrid , Spain.,b REDINREN , Madrid , Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño
- a Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and FRIAT, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine , UAM , Madrid , Spain.,b REDINREN , Madrid , Spain
| | - Ana Belen Sanz
- a Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and FRIAT, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine , UAM , Madrid , Spain.,b REDINREN , Madrid , Spain
| | - Binbin Zheng
- a Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and FRIAT, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine , UAM , Madrid , Spain
| | - Catalina Martín-Cleary
- a Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and FRIAT, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine , UAM , Madrid , Spain.,b REDINREN , Madrid , Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- a Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and FRIAT, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine , UAM , Madrid , Spain.,b REDINREN , Madrid , Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- a Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and FRIAT, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine , UAM , Madrid , Spain.,b REDINREN , Madrid , Spain
| | - Beatriz Fernandez-Fernandez
- a Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and FRIAT, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine , UAM , Madrid , Spain.,b REDINREN , Madrid , Spain
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Xie J, Yang L, Tian L, Li W, Yang L, Li L. Macrophage Migration Inhibitor Factor Upregulates MCP-1 Expression in an Autocrine Manner in Hepatocytes during Acute Mouse Liver Injury. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27665. [PMID: 27273604 PMCID: PMC4897699 DOI: 10.1038/srep27665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitor factor (MIF), a multipotent innate immune mediator, is an upstream component of the inflammatory cascade in diseases such as liver disease. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), a highly representative chemokine, is critical in liver disease pathogenesis. We investigated the role of MIF in regulating hepatocytic MCP-1 expression. MIF and MCP-1 expression were characterized by immunochemistry, RT-PCR, ELISA, and immunoblotting in CCl4-treated mouse liver and isolated hepatocytes. MIF was primarily distributed in hepatocytes, and its expression increased upon acute liver injury. Its expression was also increased in injured hepatocytes, induced by LPS or CCl4, which mimic liver injury in vitro. MIF was expressed earlier than MCP-1, strongly inducing hepatocytic MCP-1 expression. Moreover, the increase in MCP-1 expression induced by MIF was inhibited by CD74- or CD44-specific siRNAs and SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor. Further, CD74 or CD44 deficiency effectively inhibited MIF-induced p38 activation. MIF inhibitor ISO-1 reduced MCP-1 expression and p38 phosphorylation in CCl4-treated mouse liver. Our results showed that MIF regulates MCP-1 expression in hepatocytes of injured liver via CD74, CD44, and p38 MAPK in an autocrine manner, providing compelling information on the role of MIF in liver injury, and implying a new regulatory mechanism for liver inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieshi Xie
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Le Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Weiyang Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Liying Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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Fallica J, Varela L, Johnston L, Kim B, Serebreni L, Wang L, Damarla M, Kolb TM, Hassoun PM, Damico R. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor: A Novel Inhibitor of Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1-p38-Xanthine Oxidoreductase-Dependent Cigarette Smoke-Induced Apoptosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2016; 54:504-14. [PMID: 26390063 PMCID: PMC4821049 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0403oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure is the leading cause of emphysema. CS mediates pathologic emphysematous remodeling of the lung via apoptosis of lung parenchymal cells resulting in enlargement of the airspaces, loss of the capillary bed, and diminished surface area for gas exchange. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a pleiotropic cytokine, is reduced both in a preclinical model of CS-induced emphysema and in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, particularly those with the most severe disease and emphysematous phenotype. MIF functions to antagonize CS-induced DNA damage, p53-dependent apoptosis of pulmonary endothelial cells (EndoCs) and resultant emphysematous tissue remodeling. Using primary alveolar EndoCs and a mouse model of CS-induced lung damage, we investigated the capacity and molecular mechanism(s) by which MIF modifies oxidant injury. Here, we demonstrate that both the activity of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), a superoxide-generating enzyme obligatory for CS-induced DNA damage and EndoC apoptosis, and superoxide concentrations are increased after CS exposure in the absence of MIF. Both XOR hyperactivation and apoptosis in the absence of MIF occurred via a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase family member, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), was necessary for CS-induced p38 activation and EndoC apoptosis. MIF was sufficient to directly suppress ASK1 enzymatic activity. Taken together, MIF suppresses CS-mediated cytotoxicity in the lung, in part by antagonizing ASK1-p38-XOR-dependent apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Fallica
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
- Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lidenys Varela
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Laura Johnston
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Bo Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Leonid Serebreni
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Lan Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Mahendra Damarla
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Todd M. Kolb
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Paul M. Hassoun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Rachel Damico
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
- Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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Bruchfeld A, Wendt M, Miller EJ. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Clinical Kidney Disease. Front Immunol 2016; 7:8. [PMID: 26858715 PMCID: PMC4726817 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine implicated in acute and chronic inflammatory conditions, including sepsis, autoimmune disease, atherogenesis, plaque instability, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. MIF in plasma and urine is significantly elevated in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and elevated MIF in serum is associated with markers of oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and markers of myocardial damage in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Furthermore, MIF seems to be involved in vascular processes and cardiovascular disease associated with CKD, glomerulonephritis, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, and possibly also in progression to renal failure. Moreover, in active anti-neutrophil cytoplasmatic antibody-associated vasculitis, plasma MIF levels have been shown to be significantly elevated as compared with samples from patients in remission. A significant difference in the genotype frequency of high production MIF -173 G/C genotype has been found in end-stage renal disease, compared to controls. Inhibition of MIF in a diabetic nephropathy model ameliorated blood glucose and albuminuria and in a model of adult polycystic kidney disease cyst growth was delayed. Preclinical studies support a potential therapeutic role for MIF in AKI and in a number of CKDs, whereas these data in human disease are still observational. Future interventional studies are needed to delineate the role of MIF as a treatment target in clinical kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Bruchfeld
- Department of Renal Medicine, Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Mårten Wendt
- Department of Renal Medicine, Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Edmund J Miller
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Hofstra University School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA
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Zubiri I, Posada-Ayala M, Benito-Martin A, Maroto AS, Martin-Lorenzo M, Cannata-Ortiz P, de la Cuesta F, Gonzalez-Calero L, Barderas MG, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Ortiz A, Vivanco F, Alvarez-Llamas G. Kidney tissue proteomics reveals regucalcin downregulation in response to diabetic nephropathy with reflection in urinary exosomes. Transl Res 2015; 166:474-484.e4. [PMID: 26072307 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus and the most frequent cause of end-stage renal disease. DN progresses silently and without clinical symptoms at early stages. Current noninvasive available markers as albuminuria account with severe limitations (late response, unpredictable prognosis, and limited sensitivity). Thus, it urges the discovery of novel markers to help in diagnosis and outcome prediction. Tissue proteomics allows zooming-in where pathophysiological changes are taking place. We performed a differential analysis of renal tissue proteome in a rat model of early DN by 2-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Confirmation was performed by Western blot, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and selected reaction monitoring (SRM). Rat urine samples were collected and exosomes were isolated from urine to evaluate if these microvesicles reflect changes directly occurring at tissue level. The protein showing maximum altered expression in rat tissue in response to DN was further analyzed in human kidney tissue and urinary exosomes. Regucalcin protein or senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) (Swiss-Prot Q03336) was found to be strongly downregulated in DN kidney tissue compared with healthy controls. The same trend was observed in exosomes isolated from urine of control and DN rats. These data were further confirmed in a pilot study with human samples. IHC revealed a significant decrease of regucalcin in human kidney disease tissue vs control kidney tissue, and regucalcin was detected in exosomes isolated from healthy donors' urine but not from kidney disease patients. In conclusion, regucalcin protein expression is reduced in DN kidney tissue and this significant change is reflected in exosomes isolated from urine. Urinary exosomal regucalcin represents a novel tool, which should be explored for early diagnosis and progression monitoring of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Zubiri
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Posada-Ayala
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Benito-Martin
- Department of Nephrology/UAM/IRSIN, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aroa S Maroto
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Martin-Lorenzo
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Fernando de la Cuesta
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - Maria G Barderas
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - Alberto Ortiz
- Department of Nephrology/UAM/IRSIN, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Vivanco
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Djudjaj S, Lue H, Rong S, Papasotiriou M, Klinkhammer BM, Zok S, Klaener O, Braun GS, Lindenmeyer MT, Cohen CD, Bucala R, Tittel AP, Kurts C, Moeller MJ, Floege J, Ostendorf T, Bernhagen J, Boor P. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Mediates Proliferative GN via CD74. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 27:1650-64. [PMID: 26453615 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathologic proliferation of mesangial and parietal epithelial cells (PECs) is a hallmark of various glomerulonephritides. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that mediates inflammation by engagement of a receptor complex involving the components CD74, CD44, CXCR2, and CXCR4. The proliferative effects of MIF may involve CD74 together with the coreceptor and PEC activation marker CD44. Herein, we analyzed the effects of local glomerular MIF/CD74/CD44 signaling in proliferative glomerulonephritides. MIF, CD74, and CD44 were upregulated in the glomeruli of patients and mice with proliferative glomerulonephritides. During disease, CD74 and CD44 were expressed de novo in PECs and colocalized in both PECs and mesangial cells. Stress stimuli induced MIF secretion from glomerular cells in vitro and in vivo, in particular from podocytes, and MIF stimulation induced proliferation of PECs and mesangial cells via CD74. In murine crescentic GN, Mif-deficient mice were almost completely protected from glomerular injury, the development of cellular crescents, and the activation and proliferation of PECs and mesangial cells, whereas wild-type mice were not. Bone marrow reconstitution studies showed that deficiency of both nonmyeloid and bone marrow-derived Mif reduced glomerular cell proliferation and injury. In contrast to wild-type mice, Cd74-deficient mice also were protected from glomerular injury and ensuing activation and proliferation of PECs and mesangial cells. Our data suggest a novel molecular mechanism and glomerular cell crosstalk by which local upregulation of MIF and its receptor complex CD74/CD44 mediate glomerular injury and pathologic proliferation in GN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Djudjaj
- Department of Pathology, Department of Nephrology and Immunology, and
| | - Hongqi Lue
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Song Rong
- Department of Nephrology and Immunology, and
| | | | | | | | - Ole Klaener
- Department of Pathology, Department of Nephrology and Immunology, and
| | | | - Maja T Lindenmeyer
- Division of Nephrology and Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Clemens D Cohen
- Division of Nephrology and Institute of Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Richard Bucala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Andre P Tittel
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; and
| | - Christian Kurts
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; and
| | | | | | | | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany;
| | - Peter Boor
- Department of Pathology, Department of Nephrology and Immunology, and Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Valiño-Rivas L, Baeza-Bermejillo C, Gonzalez-Lafuente L, Sanz AB, Ortiz A, Sanchez-Niño MD. CD74 in Kidney Disease. Front Immunol 2015; 6:483. [PMID: 26441987 PMCID: PMC4585214 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CD74 (invariant MHC class II) regulates protein trafficking and is a receptor for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and d-dopachrome tautomerase (d-DT/MIF-2). CD74 expression is increased in tubular cells and/or glomerular podocytes and parietal cells in human metabolic nephropathies, polycystic kidney disease, graft rejection and kidney cancer and in experimental diabetic nephropathy and glomerulonephritis. Stressors like abnormal metabolite (glucose, lyso-Gb3) levels and inflammatory cytokines increase kidney cell CD74. MIF activates CD74 to increase inflammatory cytokines in podocytes and tubular cells and proliferation in glomerular parietal epithelial cells and cyst cells. MIF overexpression promotes while MIF targeting protects from experimental glomerular injury and kidney cysts, and interference with MIF/CD74 signaling or CD74 deficiency protected from crescentic glomerulonephritis. However, CD74 may protect from interstitial kidney fibrosis. Furthermore, CD74 expression by stressed kidney cells raises questions about the kidney safety of cancer therapy strategies delivering lethal immunoconjugates to CD74-expressing cells. Thus, understanding CD74 biology in kidney cells is relevant for kidney therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Valiño-Rivas
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - Ciro Baeza-Bermejillo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain ; Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Laura Gonzalez-Lafuente
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - Ana Belen Sanz
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain ; Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain ; Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN) , Madrid , Spain ; School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain ; Fundacion Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-IRSIN , Madrid , Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain ; Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN) , Madrid , Spain
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Effects of ROS-relative NF-κB signaling on high glucose-induced TLR4 and MCP-1 expression in podocyte injury. Mol Immunol 2015; 68:261-71. [PMID: 26364141 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
High glucose (HG) induced inflammation is central to progression in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Recent studies have suggested that nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling activation is associated with DN, and podocyte damage may be involved in orchestrating these effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of NF-κB signaling on podocytes under HG conditions. The effects of HG and NF-κB signaling on podocytes were assessed by CCK-8 assay, cellular NF-κB translocation assay, measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Western blot analysis. We found that HG reduced cell viability, activated NF-κB signaling and up-regulated toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). In these cells, NF-κB inhibition with ammonium pyrrolidinethiocarbamate (PDTC) resulted in effectively constraining TLR4 and MCP-1 up-regulation, indicating that protective effects associated with the inhibition of NF-κB were linked to TLR4 and MCP-1 down-regulation in podocytes. Furthermore, HG significantly increased the production of intracellular ROS. Pretreatment with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) significantly inhibited intracellular ROS generation and increased cell viability, accompanied by a significant NF-κB inhibition and suppression of TLR4 and inflammatory cytokine MCP-1 expression. Collectively, our novel data suggest that HG induces the over-experssion of TLR-4 and MCP-1 through a NF-κB-dependent signaling. NF-κB-mediated increased inflammation is possibly via ROS and contributes to the cell injury. These results may provide potential therapeutic target for diabetic nephropathy in the future.
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Inhibition of macrophage migration inhibitory factor reduces diabetic nephropathy in type II diabetes mice. Inflammation 2015; 37:2020-9. [PMID: 24958012 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-9934-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays a critical role in inflammation and is elevated in diabetic kidney. However, whether MIF plays a causative role in diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains unclear. In the present study, we have demonstrated that after treatment of 8-week-old diabetic db/db and nondiabetic db/m mice with the MIF inhibitor ISO-1 (20 mg/kg) for 8 weeks, there was a significant decrease in blood glucose, albuminuria, extracellular matrix accumulation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and macrophage activation in the kidney of db/db mice. Incubation of macrophages with MIF induced the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL) 6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). The conditioned media (CM) of MIF-activated macrophages and TNF-α induced by MIF caused podocyte damage. Moreover, CM from MIF-activated macrophages induced EMT of renal tubular cells, and this effect was blocked by ISO-1. Thus, MIF inhibition may be a potential therapeutic strategy for DN. This effect may be attributable to its inhibitory effect on macrophage activation in the diabetic kidney.
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Torra R, Ortíz A. Fabry disease: the many faces of a single disorder. Clin Kidney J 2015; 5:379-82. [PMID: 26019811 PMCID: PMC4432429 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfs124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roser Torra
- Inherited Renal Diseases, Fundacio Puigvert , Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Alberto Ortíz
- Renal Unit , IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, FRIAT , Madrid , Spain
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Stefaniak J, Schiefer J, Miller EJ, Krenn CG, Baron DM, Faybik P. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor as a potential predictor for requirement of renal replacement therapy after orthotopic liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 2015; 21:662-9. [PMID: 25762421 DOI: 10.1002/lt.24103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is associated with a poor clinical outcome. Because there is no specific treatment for postoperative AKI, early recognition and prevention are fundamental therapeutic approaches. Concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) are elevated in patients with kidney disease. We hypothesized that plasma MIF concentrations would be greater in patients developing AKI after OLT compared with patients with normal kidney function. Twenty-eight patients undergoing OLT were included in the study. Kidney injury was classified according to AKI network criteria. Fifteen patients (54%) developed severe AKI after OLT, 11 (39%) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT). On the first postoperative day, patients with severe AKI had greater plasma MIF concentrations (237 ± 123 ng/mL) than patients without AKI (95 ± 63 ng/mL; P < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for predicting severe AKI was 0.87 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.69-0.97] for plasma MIF, 0.61 (95% CI, 0.40-0.79) for serum creatinine (sCr), and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.72-0.98) for delta serum creatinine (ΔsCr). Plasma MIF (P = 0.02) and ΔsCr (P = 0.01) yielded a better predictive value than sCr for the development of severe AKI. Furthermore, the area under the ROC curve to predict the requirement of RRT was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.68-0.96) for plasma MIF, 0.65 (95% CI, 0.44-0.82) for sCr, and 0.72 (95% CI, 0.52-0.88) for ΔsCr. Plasma MIF had a better predictive value than sCr for the requirement of RRT (P = 0.02). In conclusion, postoperative plasma MIF concentrations were elevated in patients who developed severe AKI after OLT. Furthermore, plasma MIF concentrations showed a good prognostic value for identifying patients developing severe AKI or requiring postoperative RRT after OLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Stefaniak
- Department of Anesthesia, General Intensive Care, and Pain Management, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Sun H, Zhang X, Zhao L, Zhen X, Huang S, Wang S, He H, Liu Z, Xu N, Yang F, Qu Z, Ma Z, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Hu Q. Attenuation of atherosclerotic lesions in diabetic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice using gene silencing of macrophage migration inhibitory factor. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:836-49. [PMID: 25661015 PMCID: PMC4395198 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) involves the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS) and increased plasma MIF levels in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are associated with AS. Here, we have been suggested that MIF could be a critical contributor for the pathological process of diabetes-associated AS by using adenovirus-mediated RNA interference. First, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic animal model was constructed in 114 apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (apoE−/− mice) fed on a regular chow diet. Then, the animals were randomly divided into three groups: Adenovirus-mediated MIF interference (Ad-MIFi), Ad-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and normal saline (NS) group (n ≈ 33/group). Non-diabetic apoE−/− mice (n = 35) were served as controls. Ad-MIFi, Ad-EGFP and NS were, respectively, injected into the tail vein of mice from Ad-MIFi, Ad-EGFP and NS group, which were injected repeatedly 4 weeks later. Physical, biochemical, morphological and molecular parameters were measured. The results showed that diabetic apoE−/− mice had significantly aggravated atherosclerotic lesions. MIF gene interference attenuated atherosclerotic lesions and stabilized atheromatous plaque, accompanied by the decreased macrophages and lipids deposition and inflammatory cytokines production, improved glucose intolerance and plasma cholesterol level, the decreased ratio of matrix matalloproteinase-2/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and plaque instability index. An increased expression of MIF and its ligand CD74 was also detected in the diabetic patients with coronary artery disease. The results suggest that MIF gene interference is able to inhibit atherosclerotic lesions and increase plaque stability in diabetic apoE−/−mice. MIF inhibition could be a novel and promising approach to the treatment of DM-associated AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Cinnabar-induced subchronic renal injury is associated with increased apoptosis in rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:278931. [PMID: 25629042 PMCID: PMC4300031 DOI: 10.1155/2015/278931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the role of apoptosis in cinnabar-induced renal injury in rats. To test this role, rats were dosed orally with cinnabar (1 g/kg/day) for 8 weeks or 12 weeks, and the control rats were treated with 5% carboxymethylcellulose solution. Levels of urinary mercury (UHg), renal mercury (RHg), serum creatinine (SCr), and urine kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) were assessed, and renal pathology was analyzed. Apoptotic cells were identified and the apoptotic index was calculated. A rat antibody array was used to analyze expression of cytokines associated with apoptosis. Results from these analyses showed that UHg, RHg, and urine KIM-1, but not SCr, levels were significantly increased in cinnabar-treated rats. Renal pathological changes in cinnabar-treated rats included vacuolization of tubular cells, formation of protein casts, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and increase in the number of apoptotic tubular cells. In comparison to the control group, expression of FasL, Fas, TNF-α, TRAIL, activin A, and adiponectin was upregulated in the cinnabar-treated group. Collectively, our results suggest that prolonged use of cinnabar results in kidney damage due to accumulation of mercury and that the underlying mechanism involves apoptosis of tubular cells via a death receptor-mediated pathway.
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Konenkov VI, Klimontov VV, Myakina NE, Tyan NV, Fazullina ON, Romanov VV. Increased serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease. TERAPEVT ARKH 2015; 87:45-49. [DOI: 10.17116/terarkh201587645-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Wang J, Lin J, Schlotterer A, Wu L, Fleming T, Busch S, Dietrich N, Hammes HP. CD74 indicates microglial activation in experimental diabetic retinopathy and exogenous methylglyoxal mimics the response in normoglycemic retina. Acta Diabetol 2014; 51:813-21. [PMID: 24974304 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-014-0616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes induces vasoregression, neurodegeneration and glial activation in the retina. Formation of advanced glycation endoproducts (AGEs) is increased in diabetes and contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. CD74 is increased in activated microglia in a rat model developing both neurodegeneration and vasoregression. In this study, we aimed at investigating whether glucose and major AGE precursor methylglyoxal induce increased CD74 expression in the retina. Expression of CD74 in retinal microglia was analyzed in streptozotocin-diabetic rats by wholemount immunofluorescence. Nondiabetic mice were intravitreally injected with methylglyoxal. Expression of CD74 was studied by retinal wholemount immunofluorescence and quantitative real-time PCR, 48 h after the injection. CD74-positive cells were increased in diabetic 4-month retinas. These cells represented a subpopulation of CD11b-labeled activated microglia and were mainly located in the superficial vascular layer (13.7-fold increase compared to nondiabetic group). Methylglyoxal induced an 9.4-fold increase of CD74-positive cells in the superficial vascular layer and elevated gene expression of CD74 in the mouse retina 2.8-fold. In summary, we identified CD74 as a microglial activation marker in the diabetic retina. Exogenous methylglyoxal mimics the response in normoglycemic retina. This suggests that methylglyoxal is important in mediating microglial activation in the diabetic retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
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García-García PM, Getino-Melián MA, Domínguez-Pimentel V, Navarro-González JF. Inflammation in diabetic kidney disease. World J Diabetes 2014; 5:431-443. [PMID: 25126391 PMCID: PMC4127580 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i4.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus entails significant health problems worldwide. The pathogenesis of diabetes is multifactorial, resulting from interactions of both genetic and environmental factors that trigger a complex network of pathophysiological events, with metabolic and hemodynamic alterations. In this context, inflammation has emerged as a key pathophysiology mechanism. New pathogenic pathways will provide targets for prevention or future treatments. This review will focus on the implications of inflammation in diabetes mellitus, with special attention to inflammatory cytokines.
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50
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The osteoprotegerin/tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand axis in the kidney. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2014; 23:69-74. [PMID: 24247823 DOI: 10.1097/01.mnh.0000437611.42417.7a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a cytokine belonging to the TNF superfamily. TRAIL may modulate cell survival and proliferation through interaction with two different receptors, TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2. The actions of TRAIL are regulated by three decoy receptors, TRAIL-R3, TRAIL-R4 and osteoprotegerin (OPG). There is evidence that both TRAIL and OPG are expressed by renal cells. The OPG/TRAIL axis has been recently linked to the pathogenesis of renal damage and, in particular, diabetic nephropathy. RECENT FINDINGS In patients with kidney diseases, serum TRAIL and OPG levels are increased in parallel and are significantly associated with each other. In diabetic nephropathy, the renal expression of TRAIL and OPG is elevated, and in tubular cells proinflammatory cytokines enhance TRAIL expression. Additionally, a high-glucose microenvironment sensitizes tubular cells to apoptosis induced by TRAIL, whereas OPG counteracts the actions of TRAIL in cultured cells. SUMMARY It seems that the expression and levels of TRAIL and OPG at serum and kidney levels are crucial for the pathogenesis of kidney diseases, and in particular diabetic nephropathy. Although further studies are necessary to clarify the exact role of the OPG/TRAIL axis in the kidney, this system seems to hold promise to provide therapeutic approaches for the management of renal damage. VIDEO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE See the Video Supplementary Digital Content 1 (http://links.lww.com/CONH/A5).
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