1
|
Rams TE, Contreras A, Slots J. Aggressive periodontitis in southwestern American Indian adolescents. J Periodontol 2024; 95:594-602. [PMID: 37910464 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study determined the prevalence of aggressive (molar-incisor pattern) (Ag/MI) periodontitis and assessed the associated subgingival bacterial-herpesvirus microbiota in Pueblo Indian adolescents in the southwestern United States. METHODS The study included 240 Pueblo Indian adolescents, aged 13-20 years old, residing in three Rio Grande River villages in New Mexico and the Hopi Pueblo reservation in Arizona. Adolescents with Ag/MI periodontitis or periodontal health provided subgingival samples for culture of bacterial pathogens and for polymerase chain reaction detection of periodontal herpesviruses. RESULTS Ag/MI periodontitis was detected in 22 (9.2%) Pueblo Indian adolescents, with 21 exhibiting a localized molar-incisor breakdown pattern. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and other red/orange complex bacterial pathogens predominated in Ag/MI periodontitis, whereas periodontal health yielded mainly viridans streptococci and Actinomyces species. Periodontal herpesviruses demonstrated a 3.5 odds ratio relationship with Ag/MI periodontitis. The only adolescent with generalized Ag/MI periodontitis harbored viral co-infection by cytomegalovirus plus Epstein-Barr virus Type 1, in addition to A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, and several other periodontopathic bacteria. CONCLUSIONS Pueblo Indian adolescents showed an unusually high prevalence of early-age Ag/MI periodontitis predominated by periodontopathic bacteria and herpesviruses suspected to be major etiologic agents of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Rams
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adolfo Contreras
- Periodontal Medicine Research Group, Department of Periodontology, Universidad del Valle School of Dentistry, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jørgen Slots
- Division of Periodontology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mei EH, Yao C, Chen YN, Nan SX, Qi SC. Multifunctional role of oral bacteria in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:688-702. [PMID: 38818294 PMCID: PMC11135273 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a spectrum of liver disorders of varying severity, ultimately leading to fibrosis. This spectrum primarily consists of NAFL and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is closely associated with disturbances in the gut microbiota and impairment of the intestinal barrier. Non-gut commensal flora, particularly bacteria, play a pivotal role in the progression of NAFLD. Notably, Porphyromonas gingivalis, a principal bacterium involved in periodontitis, is known to facilitate lipid accumulation, augment immune responses, and induce insulin resistance, thereby exacerbating fibrosis in cases of periodontitis-associated NAFLD. The influence of oral microbiota on NAFLD via the "oral-gut-liver" axis is gaining recognition, offering a novel perspective for NAFLD management through microbial imbalance correction. This review endeavors to encapsulate the intricate roles of oral bacteria in NAFLD and explore underlying mechanisms, emphasizing microbial control strategies as a viable therapeutic avenue for NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- En-Hua Mei
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
- Department of Prothodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxiofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Chao Yao
- Department of Prothodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxiofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Yi-Nan Chen
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Shun-Xue Nan
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Sheng-Cai Qi
- Department of Prothodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxiofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Takeuchi Y, Nemoto T, Kitanaka Y, Aoki A, Izumi Y, Iwata T, Arakawa S. Antibacterial activity of lysozyme-chitosan oligosaccharide conjugates on two periodontal bacteria. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2728-2735. [PMID: 37602931 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial effects of lysozyme-chitosan oligosaccharide conjugates (LYZOX) against Streptococcus gordonii and Porphyromonas gingivalis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Planktonic S. gordonii and P. gingivalis were treated with various concentrations of LYZOX for 10 min. The treated bacteria were incubated on trypticase soy agar plates, and colony-forming unit (CFU) was calculated. The antibacterial effect of LYZOX was compared with that of lysozyme, chitosan, physiological saline, and benzalkonium chloride solution. Cell morphology before and after LYZOX treatment was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The antibacterial effect of LYZOX with decanoic acid against the biofilm-like bacteria was also examined via crystal violet staining. The Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc Dunn tests were performed to compare the difference in antibacterial activity of each treatment. RESULTS Bacterial CFU numbers were reduced after LYZOX treatment in a concentration-dependent manner. The reduction in CFUs was smaller for corresponding concentrations of chitosan or lysozyme alone. SEM analyses revealed bacterial cells shrank following LYZOX treatment. The combined use of LYZOX and decanoic acid yielded an even higher antibacterial effect against bacterial biofilms. CONCLUSION LYZOX exhibits antibacterial activity against two periodontal bacteria and may be a promising plaque control agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Takeuchi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Nemoto
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaro Kitanaka
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
- Oral Care Periodontics Center, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Southern TOHOKU General Hospital, Koriyama, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Arakawa
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Slots J, Rams TE. Herpesvirus-Bacteria pathogenic interaction in juvenile (aggressive) periodontitis. A novel etiologic concept of the disease. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:532-538. [PMID: 37345343 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Localized juvenile (aggressive) periodontitis starts at puberty in otherwise healthy individuals and involves the proximal surfaces of permanent incisors and first molars. The disease destroys a sizeable amount of periodontal bone within a few months despite minimal dental plaque and gingival tissue inflammation. Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, as well as the two main periodontopathic bacteria Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, are linked to juvenile periodontitis. Juvenile periodontitis-affected teeth show cementum hypoplasia. We hypothesize that an active herpesvirus infection, at the time of root formation, hampers cementum formation and, at puberty, herpesvirus reactivation triggers an upgrowth of bacterial pathogens which produce rapid periodontal destruction on teeth with a defective periodontium. A pathogenic interaction between active herpesviruses and bacterial pathogens can potentially explain the etiology and incisor-first molar destructive pattern of juvenile periodontitis. Effective treatment of juvenile periodontitis may target the herpesvirus-bacteria co-infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jørgen Slots
- Division of Periodontology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Thomas E Rams
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, and Oral Microbiology Testing Service Laboratory, Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hayashi S, Takeuchi Y, Hiratsuka K, Kitanaka Y, Toyoshima K, Nemoto T, Aung N, Hakariya M, Ikeda Y, Iwata T, Aoki A. Effects of various light-emitting diode wavelengths on periodontopathic bacteria and gingival fibroblasts: An in vitro study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 44:103860. [PMID: 37884107 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, light has been used for bacterial control of periodontal diseases. This in vitro study evaluated the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation at different wavelengths on both Porphyromonas gingivalis and human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1). METHODS P. gingivalis suspension was irradiated with LEDs of 365, 405, 450, 470, 565, and 625 nm at 50, 100, 150, and 200 mW/cm2 for 3 min (radiant exposure: 9, 18, 27, 36 J/cm2, respectively). Treated samples were anaerobically cultured on agar plates, and the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) was determined. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured after LED irradiation. The viability and damage of HGF-1 were measured through WST-8 and lactate dehydrogenase assays, respectively. Gene expression in P. gingivalis was evaluated through quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The greatest reduction in P. gingivalis CFUs was observed on irradiation at 365 nm with 150 mW/cm2 for 3 min (27 J/cm2), followed by 450 and 470 nm under the same conditions. While 365-nm irradiation significantly decreased the viability of HGF-1 cells, the cytotoxic effects of 450- and 470-nm irradiation were comparatively low and not significant. Further, 450-nm irradiation indicated increased ROS production and downregulated the genes related to gingipain and fimbriae. The 565- and 625-nm wavelength groups exhibited no antibacterial effects; rather, they significantly activated HGF-1 proliferation. CONCLUSIONS The 450- and 470-nm blue LEDs showed high antibacterial activity with low cytotoxicity to host cells, suggesting promising bacterial control in periodontal therapy. Additionally, blue LEDs may attenuate the pathogenesis of P. gingivalis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakura Hayashi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Takeuchi
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Koichi Hiratsuka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yutaro Kitanaka
- Department of Oral Diagnosis of General Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Toyoshima
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Nemoto
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nay Aung
- Laser Light Dental Clinic Periodontal and Implant Center, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Masahiro Hakariya
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ikeda
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Morikawa S, Watanabe K, Otsuka R, Asoda S, Nakagawa T. Periodontal therapy for localized severe periodontitis in a patient receiving fixed orthodontic treatment: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2023; 17:19. [PMID: 36658639 PMCID: PMC9854180 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-03751-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthodontic treatment involves movement of teeth by compression and resorption of the alveolar bone using orthodontic forces. These movements are closely linked to the interactions between the teeth and the periodontal tissues that support them. Owing to an increase in adults seeking orthodontic treatment, orthodontists increasingly encounter patients with periodontal diseases, in whom orthodontic treatment is contraindicated. In rare cases, periodontitis may develop after treatment initiation. However, no approach for treating periodontitis after the initiation of orthodontic treatment has been established. Here, we present an approach for managing localized severe periodontitis manifesting after initiating orthodontic treatment. CASE PRESENTATION A 32-year-old Japanese woman was referred to the Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery by an orthodontist who observed symptoms of acute periodontitis in the maxillary molars that required periodontal examination and treatment. A detailed periodontal examination, including oral bacteriological examination, revealed localized severe periodontitis (stage III, grade B) in the maxillary left first and second molars and in the mandibular right second molar. After consultation with the orthodontist, the orthodontic treatment was suspended based on the results of the bacteriological examination to allow for periodontal treatment. Full-mouth disinfection was performed with adjunctive oral sitafloxacin. Periodontal and bacteriological examinations after treatment revealed regression of the localized periodontitis with bone regeneration. Thereafter, orthodontic treatment was resumed, and good progress was achieved. CONCLUSIONS Orthodontists should recognize the risk of acute severe periodontitis in young adults. Asymptomatic patients with localized severe periodontitis may clear a screening test before orthodontic treatment but develop acute symptoms with bone resorption during orthodontic treatment. Therefore, patients requiring orthodontic treatment should be examined by their family dentist or a periodontist to rule out periodontal issues that may impede orthodontic treatment. The patients should also be informed of age-related risks. Further, periodontists, family dentists, and orthodontists who treat adults should be informed about periodontitis and the need for interdisciplinary collaboration. In patients who develop periodontitis after orthodontic treatment initiation, temporary interruption of orthodontic treatment and aggressive periodontal intervention may facilitate recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Morikawa
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
| | - Kazuya Watanabe
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan ,Watanabe Orthodontic Office, 1-11-26-2F Kichijoji-honcho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-0004 Japan
| | - Ryo Otsuka
- Familia Orthodontics, 1-7-5-12F Sakuragi-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama 330-0854 Japan
| | - Seiji Asoda
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
| | - Taneaki Nakagawa
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen X, Sun B, Li L, Sun Z, Zhu X, Zhong X, Xu Y. The oral microbiome analysis reveals the similarities and differences between periodontitis and Crohn's disease-associated periodontitis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2022; 369:6605902. [PMID: 35689660 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) have higher incidences of oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontitis than healthy people. Studies indicate that the interaction between gut and oral microbiota is an important factor. To compare the composition and diversity of the oral microbiome in periodontitis and CD-associated periodontitis, subgingival plaque and saliva samples from patients with these diseases were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing analyses. In CD-associated periodontitis, the subgingival plaque had greater microbial diversity than saliva. Subgingival plaque had decreased abundances of Firmicutes, Streptococcus, and Haemophilus and increased abundances of Bacteroidetes, Actinomyces, Treponema_2, Capnocytophaga, and Porphyromonas relative to saliva. The microbial composition in subgingival plaque was similar between the two diseases. Both red complex (Porphyromonas, Tannerella, and Treponema) and orange complex (Fusobacteria) bacteria were abundant in periodontitis subgingival plaque, while orange complex bacteria (Prevotella_2 and Prevotella) were abundant in CD-associated periodontitis subgingival plaque. Pocket depth was significantly positively correlated with multiple periodontal pathogens, including Porphyromonas, Tannerella, and Treponema. This study reveals the similarities and differences in the oral microbiome between periodontitis and CD-associated periodontitis, which provides a foundation to further explore the associations between CD and periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Shanghai Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Boyang Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Shanghai Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province, China.,Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Shanghai Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhibin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Shanghai Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Shanghai Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xianmei Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Shanghai Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Periodontics, Taizhou Stomatological Hospital, Taizhou, 225300 Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Shanghai Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kalala-Kazadi E, Toma S, Lasserre JF, Nyimi-Bushabu F, Ntumba-Mulumba H, Brecx MC. Clinical and Microbiological Profiles of Aggressive and Chronic Periodontitis in Congolese Patients: A Cross-sectional Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2020; 10:491-497. [PMID: 33042892 PMCID: PMC7523938 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_501_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic and aggressive periodontitis were the main forms of periodontitis according to the 1999 classification of periodontal diseases and conditions. Their profile in Congolese patients is still undescribed. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the profile of chronic periodontitis (ChP) with that of aggressive periodontitis (AgP) in Congolese patients. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two patients with ChP and 20 with AgP who consulted the dental services at any of the four medical centers in Kinshasa, from April 2017 to April 2018, were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. All patients underwent a full mouth examination, including assessment of the probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level at six sites per tooth. Microbial samples were collected in the deepest pocket in the maxilla and the deepest pocket in the mandible. A deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis was performed using DNA strip technology. Fisher exact test, the chi-square test, the t test, and the Mann–Whitney test were used for the statistical analysis. Results: Patients with AgP were significantly younger than those with ChP (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, or Prevotella intermedia between the AgP and ChP groups (P > 0.05). Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was detected in 10% of cases in the AgP group and in none of those in the ChP group (P = 0.143). Conclusion: This study shows that the clinical profiles of ChP and AgP are similar in Congolese patients. There were no microbiological differences between these two forms of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Em Kalala-Kazadi
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Selena Toma
- Department of Periodontology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme F Lasserre
- Department of Periodontology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fidèle Nyimi-Bushabu
- Oral and maxillo-facial surgery, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Hubert Ntumba-Mulumba
- Prosthodontics and Orthodontics Service, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Michel C Brecx
- Department of Periodontology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fujiwara-Takahashi K, Watanabe T, Shimogishi M, Shibasaki M, Umeda M, Izumi Y, Nakagawa I. Phylogenetic diversity in fim and mfa gene clusters between Porphyromonas gingivalis and Porphyromonas gulae, as a potential cause of host specificity. J Oral Microbiol 2020; 12:1775333. [PMID: 32944148 PMCID: PMC7482747 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2020.1775333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontopathic bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis in humans and Porphyromonas gulae in animals are phylogenetically close and commonly have FimA and Mfa1 fimbriae. However, little is known about how fimA and mfa1 are phylogenetically different between P. gingivalis and P. gulae. Here, we examined phylogenetic diversity in their fim and mfa gene clusters. Methods Twenty P. gulae strains were isolated from the periodontal pocket of 20 dogs. For their genomic information, along with 64 P. gingivalis and 11 P. gulae genomes, phylogenetic relationship between the genotypes of fimA and mfa1 was examined. Variability of amino acid sequences was examined in the three-dimensional structure of FimA. The distance between strains was calculated for fim and mfa genes. Results Some fimA genotypes in P. gulae were close to particular types in P. gingivalis. Two types of mfa1 were classified as 70-kDa and 53-kDa protein-coding mfa1. The variable amino acid positions were primarily at the outer part of FimA. The genes encoding the structural proteins and the main component were similarly distant from the reference strain in P. gingivalis, but not in P. gulae. Conclusions The differences in the gene clusters between P. gingivalis and P. gulae may result in their host specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Fujiwara-Takahashi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Both the authors have equally contributed to this article.,Present address: Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima-shi, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takayasu Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Both the authors have equally contributed to this article
| | - Masahiro Shimogishi
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Shibasaki
- Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Umeda
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Oral Care Perio Center, Southern TOHOKU General Hospital, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakagawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Montenegro SCL, Retamal-Valdes B, Bueno-Silva B, Duarte PM, Faveri M, Figueiredo LC, Feres M. Do patients with aggressive and chronic periodontitis exhibit specific differences in the subgingival microbial composition? A systematic review. J Periodontol 2020; 91:1503-1520. [PMID: 32233092 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions grouped the diseases previously recognized as chronic (CP) or aggressive (AgP) periodontitis under a single category named periodontitis. The rationale for this decision was the lack of specific patterns of immune-inflammatory response or microbial profiles associated with CP or AgP. However, no previous studies have compiled the results of all studies comparing subgingival microbial data between these clinical conditions. Thus, this systematic review aimed to answer the following focused question: "Do patients with AgP periodontitis present differences in the subgingival microbiota when compared with patients with CP?" METHODS A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched up to June 2019 for studies of any design (except case reports, case series, and reviews) comparing subgingival microbial data from patients with CP and AgP. RESULTS A total of 488 articles were identified and 56 were included. Thirteen studies found Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans elevated in AgP in comparison with CP, while Fusobacterium nucleatum, Parvimonas micra, and Campylobacter rectus were elevated in AgP in a few studies. None of these species were elevated in CP. However, the number of studies not showing statistically significant differences between CP and AgP was always higher than that of studies showing differences. CONCLUSION These results suggested an association of A. actinomycetemcomitans with AgP, but neither this species nor the other species studied to date were unique to or could differentiate between CP and AgP (PROSPERO #CRD42016039385).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Belen Retamal-Valdes
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Bueno-Silva
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Poliana Mendes Duarte
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil.,Department of Periodontology, School of Advanced Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marcelo Faveri
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Magda Feres
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu G, Chen F, Cai Y, Chen Z, Luan Q, Yu X. Measuring the subgingival microbiota in periodontitis patients: Comparison of the surface layer and the underlying layers. Microbiol Immunol 2019; 64:99-112. [PMID: 31793046 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a major cause of tooth loss in adults that initially results from dental plaque. Subgingival plaque pathogenesis is affected by both community composition and plaque structures, although limited data are available concerning the latter. To bridge this knowledge gap, subgingival plaques were obtained using filter paper (the fourth layer) and curette (the first-third layers) sequentially and the phylogenetic differences between the first-third layers and the fourth layer were characterized by sequencing the V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA. A total of 11 phyla, 148 genera, and 308 species were obtained by bioinformatic analysis, and no significant differences between the operational taxonomic unit numbers were observed for these groups. In both groups, the most abundant species were Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Actinomyces naeslundii, Streptococcus intermedius, and Prevotella intermedia possessed relatively high proportions in the first-third layers; while in the fourth layer, both traditional pathogens (Treponema denticola and Campylobacter rectus) and novel pathobionts (Eubacterium saphenum, Filifactor alocis, Treponema sp. HOT238) were prominent. Network analysis showed that either of them exhibited a scale-free property and was constructed by two negatively correlated components (the pathogen component and the nonpathogen component), while the synergy in the nonpathogen component was lower in the first-third layers than that in the fourth layer. After merging these two parts into a whole plaque group, the negative/positive correlation ratio increased. With potential connections, the first-third layers and the fourth layer showed characteristic key nodes in bacterial networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guojing Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Qingxian Luan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Yu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fine DH, Armitage GC, Genco RJ, Griffen AL, Diehl SR. Unique etiologic, demographic, and pathologic characteristics of localized aggressive periodontitis support classification as a distinct subcategory of periodontitis. J Am Dent Assoc 2019; 150:922-931. [PMID: 31668171 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) occurs in 2% of African-American adolescents but only 0.15% of white adolescents. First molars and incisors are affected by rapid onset and progression. METHODS This nonsystematic critical review evaluated published data for LAgP and chronic periodontitis (CP), focusing on potential differences in epidemiology, microbiology, immunology, genetics, and response to therapy. RESULTS LAgP differs from CP by localization to incisors and first molars, early onset and rapid progression in adolescents and young adults, and a 10-fold higher prevalence in populations of African or Middle Eastern origin, often with strong familial aggregation. The bacterium Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and hyperresponsive neutrophils are frequently observed. Antibiotic and nonsurgical therapies are highly effective. CONCLUSIONS LAgP differs in many ways from the far more common CP that affects older adults. The substantial evidence of dissimilarities summarized in this review strongly supports the classification of LAgP as a distinct form of periodontitis. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Classifying LAgP as a distinct subcategory of periodontitis will encourage future research and does not conflict with the newly proposed "staging and grading" system. The silent onset and rapid progression of LAgP make early diagnosis and frequent follow-up with patients essential for effective treatment.
Collapse
|
13
|
Cui X, Liu J, Xiao W, Chu Y, Ouyang X. Subgingival microbiome in Chinese patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis compared to healthy controls. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 101:92-99. [PMID: 30909081 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to profile the subgingival microbiome of Chinese adults with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) using human oral microbe identification microarray (HOMIM), and to compare the results with matched periodontal healthy controls. DESIGN 15 subjects with GAgP and 15 age- and gender- matched periodontal healthy controls were included. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from the deepest pockets of patients with GAgP and matched sites in controls and then analyzed by 16S rRNA-based microarrays. Student's paired t-test was used to compare clinical parameters and mean number of bacterial taxa detected between the two groups. Fisher's exact probability test and Wilcoxon Rank Sum were used to compare bacterial species between all samples. A multiple linear regression model was used for correlations among age, gender and bacterial with clinical parameters. RESULTS From a total sum of 379 strains tested, 171 bacterial strains were detected from subgingival plaques of the GAgP patients, more than the 157 strains detected in control group. Mean number of subgingival bacterial taxa detected in GAgP group was 68 (SD = 21.06) while in control group was 45 (SD = 21.60). 47 bacterial taxa were detected more frequently in GAgP group while 12 taxa were more prevalent in control group. The significantly more prevalent and abundant taxa of bacteria in GAgP group included Filifactor alocis, Desulfobulbus sp., Fretibacterium sp., Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromon as endodontalis, Peptostreptococcaceae spp., Parvimonas micra, Eubacterium nodatum and Eubacterium saphenum. Meanwhile the more abundant taxa in control group were Streptococcus spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CONCLUSIONS There are more taxa of bacteria in subgingival plaques of Chinese patients with GAgP than in healthy controls. F. alocis, Desulfobulbus sp., Fretibacterium sp., P. gingivalis and T. forsythia are strongly associated with GAgP. High-throughout microbiological results may help dentists have a better understanding of subgingival microbiome of GAgP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Cui
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianru Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenmei Xiao
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Chu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangying Ouyang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chigasaki O, Takeuchi Y, Aoki A, Sasaki Y, Mizutani K, Aoyama N, Ikeda Y, Gokyu M, Umeda M, Ishikawa I, Izumi Y. A cross-sectional study on the periodontal status and prevalence of red complex periodontal pathogens in a Japanese population. J Oral Sci 2018; 60:293-303. [PMID: 29925714 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.17-0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This large-scale study cross-sectionally examined the periodontal status and prevalence of "red complex" bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia) in Japanese adults. A total of 977 participants were enrolled in the study. Probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and bone crest level (BCL) were recorded, and the presence of red complex bacteria in the saliva was examined using polymerase chain reaction. The mean BCL value and the percentage of sites with a PD ≥4 mm or the presence of BOP were significantly higher in older participants. The detection rates of P. gingivalis, T. denticola, and T. forsythia were 46.3%, 76.4%, and 61.1%, respectively. The P. gingivalis detection rate significantly increased with age, while those of T. denticola and T. forsythia were comparably high for all age groups. A close correlation between P. gingivalis and the percentage of sites with PD ≥4 mm was indicated by nonlinear canonical correlation analysis. Current smokers exhibited a more advanced disease condition and a significantly higher P. gingivalis detection rate than non-smokers. In conclusion, periodontal condition worsens with age, and P. gingivalis appears to be the red complex bacterium most closely associated with periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Otofumi Chigasaki
- Tsukuba Healthcare Dental Clinic.,Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Yasuo Takeuchi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Yoshiyuki Sasaki
- Research and Industry-University Alliance Organization, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Koji Mizutani
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Norio Aoyama
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University
| | - Yuichi Ikeda
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Misa Gokyu
- Tsukuba Healthcare Dental Clinic.,Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Makoto Umeda
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University
| | - Isao Ishikawa
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Borekci T, Meseli SE, Noyan U, Kuru BE, Kuru L. Efficacy of adjunctive photodynamic therapy in the treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Lasers Surg Med 2018; 51:167-175. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Suleyman Emre Meseli
- Faculty of Dentistry; Department of Periodontology, Istanbul Aydin University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ulku Noyan
- Oral and Dental Healthcare Department; Acıbadem Hospitals; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Bahar Eren Kuru
- Faculty of Dentistry; Department of Periodontology, Yeditepe University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Leyla Kuru
- Faculty of Dentistry; Department of Periodontology, Marmara University; Istanbul Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fine DH, Patil AG, Loos BG. Classification and diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontol 2018; 89 Suppl 1:S103-S119. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.16-0712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H. Fine
- Department of Oral Biology; Rutgers School of Dental Medicine; Rutgers University - Newark; NJ USA
| | - Amey G. Patil
- Department of Oral Biology; Rutgers School of Dental Medicine; Rutgers University - Newark; NJ USA
| | - Bruno G. Loos
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fine DH, Patil AG, Loos BG. Classification and diagnosis of aggressive periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45 Suppl 20:S95-S111. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H. Fine
- Department of Oral Biology; Rutgers School of Dental Medicine; Rutgers University - Newark; NJ USA
| | - Amey G. Patil
- Department of Oral Biology; Rutgers School of Dental Medicine; Rutgers University - Newark; NJ USA
| | - Bruno G. Loos
- Department of Periodontology; Academic Center of Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kalala-Kazadi E, Sekele-Issouradi JP, Bolenge-Ileboso J, Lasserre JF, Mantshumba-Milolo A, Ntumba-Mulumba H, Brecx MC. Periopathogenic bacteria in dental plaque of Congolese patients with periodontitis: A pilot study. J Clin Exp Dent 2018; 10:e232-e236. [PMID: 29721223 PMCID: PMC5923882 DOI: 10.4317/jced.54613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periopathogenic bacteria play an important role in the etiology of periodontal disease. At present, no study screening for periopathogens in the DR Congo was carried out. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the prevalence of five periopathogens in Congolese patients with periodontitis and to determine the association between these bacteria. Material and Methods Twelve patients (eight women and four men) with a mean age of 45 ± 19 years from those consulted in dental services of two medical centers of Kinshasa from April 2017 to October 2017 were included. Full mouth examination was registered, the probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level were assessed at six sites per tooth. Dental subgingival plaque samples were taken in the deepest pocket per arch in the maxilla and mandible. DNA analysis was performed using DNA-strip technology. The Fisher Exact test and Pearson correlation were used for statistical analysis. Results Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia were detected at high level of 92%, Prevotella intermedia at a rate of 75% whereas Treponema denticola was detected in all patients. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was not detected. Strong associations were found between three bacteria of the red complex and between T. denticola and P. intermedia (r=1). Conclusions This first study investigating periopathogens in subgingival plaque of Congolese with periodontitis demonstrated a high prevalence of the red complex (P. gingivalis, T. forsythia and T. denticola). Associations between different bacteria of this complex were strong. Key words:Association, bacteria, periopathogen, periodontitis, prevalence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Em Kalala-Kazadi
- PhD student, Unit of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Jean-Paul Sekele-Issouradi
- Professor, Service of Prosthodontics and orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine, University of Kinshasa
| | - Jaques Bolenge-Ileboso
- Associate Professor, Chairman, Unit of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Jérôme F Lasserre
- Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Augustin Mantshumba-Milolo
- Associate Professor, Service of Prosthodontics and orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine, University of Kinshasa
| | - Hubert Ntumba-Mulumba
- Professor and Chairman of Dental Medicine Department, Service of Prosthodontics and orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine, University of Kinshasa
| | - Michel C Brecx
- Professor, Department of Periodontology, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Feres M, Teles F, Teles R, Figueiredo LC, Faveri M. The subgingival periodontal microbiota of the aging mouth. Periodontol 2000 2018; 72:30-53. [PMID: 27501490 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Different mechanisms have been hypothesized to explain the increase in prevalence and severity of periodontitis in older adults, including shifts in the periodontal microbiota. However, the actual impact of aging on the composition of subgingival biofilms remains unclear. In the present article, we provide an overview of the composition of the subgingival biofilm in older adults and the potential effects of age on the oral microbiome. In particular, this review covers the following topics: (i) the oral microbiota of an aging mouth; (ii) the effects of age and time on the human oral microbiome; (iii) the potential impact of inflammaging and immunosenescence in the host-oral microbiota interactions; and (iv) the relationship of the aging oral microbiota and Alzheimer's disease. Finally, we present analyses of data compiled from large clinical studies that evaluated the subgingival microbiota of periodontally healthy subjects and patients with periodontitis from a wide age spectrum (20-83 years of age).
Collapse
|
20
|
Rafiei M, Kiani F, Sayehmiri F, Sayehmiri K, Sheikhi A, Zamanian Azodi M. Study of Porphyromonas gingivalis in periodontal diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2017; 31:62. [PMID: 29445691 PMCID: PMC5804457 DOI: 10.18869/mjiri.31.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The mouth cavity hosts various types of anaerobic bacteria including Porphyromonas gingivalis, which causes periodontal
inflammatory diseases. P. gingivalis is a gram-negative oral anaerobe and is considered as a main etiological factor in periodontal
diseases. Several studies have reported a relationship between P. gingivalis in individuals with periodontal diseases and a critical role of
this bacterium in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. The present study aimed at estimating this probability using a meta-analysis.
Methods: We searched several databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science to identify case-control
studies addressing the relationship between P. gingivalis with periodontal diseases. A total of 49 reports published from different countries
from 1993 to 2014 were included in this study. I² (heterogeneity index) statistics were calculated to examine heterogeneity. Data
were analyzed using STATA Version 11.
Results: After a detailed analysis of the selected articles, 49 case-control studies with 5924 individuals fulfilled the inclusion criteria
for the meta-analysis. The healthy controls included 2600 healthy individuals with a Mean±SD age of 36.56±7.45 years. The periodontal
diseases group included 3356 patients with a mean age of 43.62±8.35 years. There was a statistically significant difference between P. gingivalis in periodontal patients and healthy controls; 9.24 (95% CI: 5.78 to 14.77; P = 0.000). In the other word, there was a significant
relationship between the presence of P. gingivalis and periodontal diseases.
Conclusion: Analyzing the results of the present study, we found a strong association between the presence of P. gingivalis and periodontal diseases. This result suggests that another research is needed to further assess this subject.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rafiei
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Faezeh Kiani
- Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sayehmiri
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kourosh Sayehmiri
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Abdolkarim Sheikhi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Mona Zamanian Azodi
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hashim N, Linden G, Winning L, Ibrahim M, Gismalla B, Lundy F, El Karim I. Putative periodontal pathogens in the subgingival plaque of Sudanese subjects with aggressive periodontitis. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 81:97-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
22
|
Lanza E, Magan-Fernandez A, Bermejo B, de Rojas J, Marfil-Alvarez R, Mesa F. Complementary clinical effects of red complex bacteria on generalized periodontitis in a caucasian population. Oral Dis 2016; 22:430-7. [PMID: 26948988 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To relate five periodontopathogenic bacteria, including the red complex, to the severity, extent, and inflammation of the periodontal lesion in Caucasian patients with generalized aggressive and chronic periodontitis and to explore whether tobacco use is associated with a specific bacterial profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional and analytic study was conducted in patients with aggressive and chronic periodontitis. Data were gathered on socio-demographic and periodontal variables, and RH-PCR was used to determine subgingival bacterial profile. Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS The study included 60 patients with aggressive and 123 with chronic periodontitis. Total red complex bacteria count was higher in aggressive periodontitis, mainly due to T. denticola (P = 0.015). In both periodontitis types, models showed an association between T. forsythia count and probing depth (B = 0.157, P = 0.030) and between T. denticola count and higher bleeding scores (B = 2.371, P = 0.027). Smoking did not affect the red complex bacteria count in either disease. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of red complex bacteria was similar between aggressive and chronic periodontitis, but their count was higher in the former. In both diseases, T. forsythia was associated with greater severity and T. denticola with more severe bleeding. Tobacco smoking was not associated with the presence of red complex bacteria in either disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Lanza
- Private Periodontology Practice, Malaga, Spain
| | - A Magan-Fernandez
- Periodontology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - B Bermejo
- Echevarne Microbiology Laboratory, Malaga, Spain
| | - J de Rojas
- Private Periodontology Practice, Malaga, Spain
| | - R Marfil-Alvarez
- Periodontology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - F Mesa
- Periodontology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Influence of Type 2 Diabetes on Prevalence of Key Periodontal Pathogens, Salivary Matrix Metalloproteinases, and Bone Remodeling Markers in Sudanese Adults with and without Chronic Periodontitis. Int J Dent 2016; 2016:6296854. [PMID: 26989414 PMCID: PMC4773545 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6296854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared the influence of type 2 diabetes on the occurrence of six periodontal pathogens in plaque samples of patients with and without chronic periodontitis. Levels of salivary MMP-8, MMP-9, RANKL, and OPG were also investigated. The study enrolled 31 patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis (DM + CP), 29 with chronic periodontitis (CP), and 20 with type 2 diabetes (DM). Questionnaire-guided interviews were conducted and plaque index, bleeding on probing, and pocket depth were recorded. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was utilized to determine the prevalence of the bacteria. The levels of salivary molecules were determined by enzyme immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The CP group had the highest prevalence of P. gingivalis (81.5%), followed by the DM + CP (59.3%) and DM (55.0%) groups (P > 0.05). Similar trends were observed for P. intermedia and T. denticola. The prevalence of T. forsythia was 100% in both periodontitis groups compared to 90% in the DM group. There were no significant differences between the groups regarding the concentrations of MMP-8, MMP-9, or OPG. RANKL concentrations were below the detection limit. Our data show that type 2 diabetes has no significant influence on the prevalence of the investigated periodontal pathogens, or the levels of salivary MMP-8, MMP-9, and OPG.
Collapse
|
24
|
Kumawat RM, Ganvir SM, Hazarey VK, Qureshi A, Purohit HJ. Detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola in chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients: A comparative polymerase chain reaction study. Contemp Clin Dent 2016; 7:481-486. [PMID: 27994415 PMCID: PMC5141662 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.194097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detection frequency of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola in chronic periodontitis (CP) and aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is not explored well in Indian population. AIM The study was undertaken to detect P. gingivalis and T. denticola in CP as well as in AgP patients using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and to determine the relationship between the frequency of these two microorganisms and the severity of clinical periodontal parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subgingival plaque samples were collected from ninety participants (thirty CP patients, thirty AgP patients, and thirty healthy participants) and the aforementioned two microorganisms were detected using PCR. RESULTS However, when CP and AgP were compared for the detection frequency of two microorganisms, no statistically significant difference was noted. A statistically significant increase in the number of bacteria-positive sites increased as the score of plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and clinical attachment level of CP and AgP patients increased. Coexistence of P. gingivalis and T. denticola was frequently observed in deep periodontal pockets. CONCLUSIONS Study findings suggest that P. gingivalis and T. denticola are significantly associated with the severity of periodontal tissue destruction. Statistically significant association exists between clinical periodontal parameters such as PI, GI, periodontal pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss and presence of both the microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramniwas M Kumawat
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Center for Dental Education and Research, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Sindhu M Ganvir
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vinay K Hazarey
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Asifa Qureshi
- Environmental Genomics Division, National Environment and Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Hemant J Purohit
- Environmental Genomics Division, National Environment and Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
TIAN L, SATO T, NIWA K, KAWASE M, MAYANAGI G, WASHIO J, TAKAHASHI N. PCR-dipstick DNA chromatography for profiling of a subgroup of cariesassociated bacterial species in plaque from healthy coronal surfaces and periodontal pockets . Biomed Res 2016; 37:29-36. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.37.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyang TIAN
- Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University
| | - Takuichi SATO
- Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Kousuke NIWA
- Future Technology Management Center, Corporate R&D, NGK Insulators
| | - Mitsuo KAWASE
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Gen MAYANAGI
- Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Jumpei WASHIO
- Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Nobuhiro TAKAHASHI
- Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
For decades, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has been considered the most likely etiologic agent in aggressive periodontitis. Implementation of DNA-based microbiologic methodologies has considerably improved our understanding of the composition of subgingival biofilms, and advanced open-ended molecular techniques even allow for genome mapping of the whole bacterial spectrum in a sample and characterization of both the cultivable and not-yet-cultivable microbiota associated with periodontal health and disease. Currently, A. actinomycetemcomitans is regarded as a minor component of the resident oral microbiota and as an opportunistic pathogen in some individuals. Its specific JP2 clone, however, shows properties of a true exogenous pathogen and has an important role in the development of aggressive periodontitis in certain populations. Still, limited data exist on the impact of other microbes specifically in aggressive periodontitis. Despite a wide heterogeneity of bacteria, especially in subgingival samples collected from patients, bacteria of the red complex in particular, and those of the orange complex, are considered as potential pathogens in generalized aggressive periodontitis. These types of bacterial findings closely resemble those found for chronic periodontitis, representing a mixed polymicrobial infection without a clear association with any specific microorganism. In aggressive periodontitis, the role of novel and not-yet-cultivable bacteria has not yet been elucidated. There are geographic and ethnic differences in the carriage of periodontitis-associated microorganisms, and they need to be taken into account when comparing study reports on periodontal microbiology in different study populations. In the present review, we provide an overview on the colonization of potential periodontal pathogens in childhood and adolescence, and on specific microorganisms that have been suspected for their role in the initiation and progression of aggressive forms of periodontal disease.
Collapse
|
27
|
Ishii Y, Imamura K, Kikuchi Y, Miyagawa S, Hamada R, Sekino J, Sugito H, Ishihara K, Saito A. Point-of-care detection of Tannerella forsythia using an antigen-antibody assisted dielectrophoretic impedance measurement method. Microb Pathog 2015; 82:37-42. [PMID: 25812473 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The importance of periodontal treatment planning based on diagnosis with clinical detection of periodontal pathogens has been well recognized. However, reliable detection and quantification methods that can be conveniently used at chair-side have yet to be developed. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical use of a novel apparatus which uses an antigen-antibody reaction assisted dielectrophoretic impedance measurement (AA-DEPIM) for the detection of a prominent periodontal pathogen, Tannerella forsythia. A total of 15 patients with a clinical diagnosis of chronic periodontitis, three periodontally healthy volunteers and two with gingivitis were subjected to clinical and microbiological examinations. Saliva samples were analyzed for the presence of T. forsythia using AA-DEPIM, PCR-Invader and real-time PCR methods. The measurement values for total bacteria and T. forsythia using the prototype AA-DEPIM apparatus were significantly greater in periodontitis group than those in healthy/gingivitis group. Using the AA-DEPIM apparatus with tentative cut-off values, T. forsythia was detected for 14 (12 with periodontitis and 2 either healthy or with gingivitis) out of 20 individuals. The measurement for the detection of T. forsythia by the AA-DEPIM method showed a significant positive correlation with the detection by PCR-Invader (r = 0.541, p = 0.01) and the real-time PCR method (r = 0.834, p = 0.01). When the PCR-Invader method was used as a reference, the sensitivity and specificity of the AA-DEPIM method were 76.5% and 100%, respectively. The results suggested that the AA-DEPIM method has potential to be used for clinically evaluating salivary presence of T. forsythia at chair-side. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR) UMIN000012181.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihito Ishii
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Kentaro Imamura
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kikuchi
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyagawa
- Panasonic Healthcare, 2-38-5 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8433, Japan
| | - Ryo Hamada
- Panasonic Healthcare, 2-38-5 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8433, Japan
| | - Jin Sekino
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sugito
- Department of Clinical Oral Health Science, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Ishihara
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-1-14 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan; Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
| | - Atsushi Saito
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan; Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Misaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Distribution of 8 periodontal microorganisms in family members of Chinese patients with aggressive periodontitis. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:400-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
29
|
Chahboun H, Arnau MM, Herrera D, Sanz M, Ennibi OK. Bacterial profile of aggressive periodontitis in Morocco: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2015; 15:25. [PMID: 25888404 PMCID: PMC4367901 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-015-0006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is one of the most severe forms of periodontal diseases. In Morocco, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has been strongly associated with AgP, however limited knowledge is available about the implication of other periodontal pathogens in this entity. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the composition of the subgingival microbiota in Moroccan patients with AgP. Methods Subgingival plaque samples were collected from 50 aggressive, 13 localized and 37 generalized periodontitis patients. Samples from 20 chronic periodontitis (ChP) patients were taken as controls. Samples collected from the four deepest periodontal pockets in each patient were pooled in pre-reduced transport fluid and examined by culture. Results A. actinomycetemcomitans was significantly more frequent (p = 0.004) in generalised AgP compared to ChP, and Porphyromonas gingivalis was less prevalent in localized AgP, when compared with generalized AgP (p = 0.040) or ChP (p = 0.016). Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Tannerella forsythia were also frequently detected in all groups. Mean proportions of A. actinomycetemcomitans were significantly higher in AgP groups, when compared to ChP, and generalized AgP patients harbored significantly higher proportions of P. gingivalis and T. forsythia, when compared to localized AgP or ChP. Conclusions A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, P. intermedia and F. nucleatum were frequently detected in this Moroccan population with AgP. Differences in frequency of detection, counts and proportions of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and T. forsythia suggests the presence of distinct microbiological profiles for localized AgP, generalized AgP and ChP patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Chahboun
- EREB (Research Group of Oral Ecosystem), Faculty of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Maria Minguez Arnau
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
| | - David Herrera
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Oum Keltoum Ennibi
- EREB (Research Group of Oral Ecosystem), Faculty of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Oettinger-Barak O, Sela MN, Sprecher H, Machtei EE. Clinical and microbiological characterization of localized aggressive periodontitis: a cohort study. Aust Dent J 2014; 59:165-71. [PMID: 24861390 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) is an infectious periodontal disease which generally affects young people. Recent data suggest the involvement of different bacterial species in different populations. The causative bacterial species in Israel has never been identified despite a high prevalence of LAgP in this population. The objectives of this study were to characterize the bacterial microbiota of periodontal pockets within an Israeli LAgP population who were also clinically assessed. METHODS Twenty-one LAgP patients (test) and 12 chronic periodontitis patients (control) were examined. Bacterial samples were collected from periodontal pockets and analysed by both culture and polymerase chain reaction techniques. Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used to compare results between the groups. RESULTS Higher levels of Parvimonas micra (>10(6) ), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (>10(5) ), Fusobacterium nucleatum/F. periodonticum (>10(6) ), and Tannerella forsythia (levels of 10(5) to 10(6) bacteria) were detected in the LAgP group compared to the control (p < 0.05), while levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia were higher in the CP group. CONCLUSIONS The characteristic periodontal bacterial flora of LAgP patients in Israel is mainly comprised of P. micra, A. actinomycetemcomitans, F. nucleatum/F. periodonticum and T. forsythia. Similar population based studies of each population will improve the quality of treatment of LAgP when individual sampling is not possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Oettinger-Barak
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Oral Ecology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Saraiva L, Rebeis ES, Martins EDS, Sekiguchi RT, Ando-Suguimoto ES, Mafra CES, Holzhausen M, Romito GA, Mayer MPA. IgG sera levels against a subset of periodontopathogens and severity of disease in aggressive periodontitis patients: a cross-sectional study of selected pocket sites. J Clin Periodontol 2014; 41:943-51. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Saraiva
- Department of Periodontology; Dental School; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Estela S. Rebeis
- Department of Periodontology; Dental School; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Eder de S. Martins
- Department of Periodontology; Dental School; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Ricardo T. Sekiguchi
- Department of Periodontology; Dental School; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Ellen S. Ando-Suguimoto
- Department of Microbiology; Institute of Biomedical Sciences; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | | | - Marinella Holzhausen
- Department of Periodontology; Dental School; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Giuseppe A. Romito
- Department of Periodontology; Dental School; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Marcia P. A. Mayer
- Department of Microbiology; Institute of Biomedical Sciences; University of São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Khalaf H, Lönn J, Bengtsson T. Cytokines and chemokines are differentially expressed in patients with periodontitis: Possible role for TGF-β1 as a marker for disease progression. Cytokine 2014; 67:29-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
33
|
Feng X, Zhang L, Xu L, Meng H, Lu R, Chen Z, Shi D, Wang X. Detection of Eight Periodontal Microorganisms and Distribution ofPorphyromonas gingivalis fimAGenotypes in Chinese Patients With Aggressive Periodontitis. J Periodontol 2014; 85:150-9. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.120677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
34
|
Murakami M, Suzuki JI, Yamazaki S, Ikezoe M, Matsushima R, Ashigaki N, Aoyama N, Kobayashi N, Wakayama K, Akazawa H, Komuro I, Izumi Y, Isobe M. High incidence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans infection in patients with cerebral infarction and diabetic renal failure: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2013; 13:557. [PMID: 24267704 PMCID: PMC4222637 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent epidemiological studies suggest that periodontitis is a major risk factor for renal failure and cerebral infarction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association among periodontitis, renal failure, and cerebral infarction, focusing on microbiological and immunological features. METHODS Twenty-one patients treated with hemodialysis (HD) were enrolled in this study. They were 8 with diabetic nephropathy and 13 with non-diabetic nephropathy. Blood examination, periodontal examination, brain magnetic resonance image (MRI), and dental radiography were performed on all patients. Subgingival plaque, saliva, and blood samples were analyzed for the periodontal pathogens, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), and Prevotella intermedia (P. intermedia) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS We found that the patients with diabetic nephropathy had more A. actinomycetemcomitans compared with non-diabetic nephropathy (P = 0.038) in dental plaque. Furthermore, the patients with diabetic nephropathy showed a significantly higher incidence of cerebral infarction compared with those with non-diabetic nephropathy (P = 0.029). Clinical oral and radiographic scores tended to be higher among patients in the diabetic nephropathy group than in the non-diabetic nephropathy group. CONCLUSIONS Periodontal pathogens, particularly A. actinomycetemcomitans, may play a role, at least a part, in the development of cerebral infarction in Japanese HD patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Murakami
- Department of Advanced Clinical Science and Therapeutics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kishimoto M, Yoshimura A, Naito M, Okamoto K, Yamamoto K, Golenbock DT, Hara Y, Nakayama K. Gingipains Inactivate a Cell Surface Ligand onPorphyromonas gingivalisThat Induces TLR2- and TLR4-Independent Signaling. Microbiol Immunol 2013; 50:315-25. [PMID: 16625053 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2006.tb03799.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Arginine-specific gingipain and lysine-specific gingipain are two major cysteine proteinases produced by Porphyromonas gingivalis. To clarify the role of gingipains in the interaction between P. gingivalis and the innate immune system, CHO reporter cells expressing TLR2 or TLR4 were stimulated with wildtype or gingipain-deficient P. gingivalis cells and activation of nuclear factor-kappaB in these cells was examined. While CHO/CD14 cells and 7.19 cells, an MD-2-defective mutant derived from CHO/CD14 cells, failed to respond to wild-type P. gingivalis, they responded to gingipain-deficient P. gingivalis. On the other hand, CHO/CD14/TLR2 cells responded to both wild-type and gingipain-deficient P. gingivalis. These results suggested that gingipains have no effects on TLR2-dependent signaling from P. gingivalis but have inhibitory effects on TLR2-and TLR4-independent signaling in CHO cells. Indeed, the activity of gingipain-deficient P. gingivalis to induce the activation of 7.19 cells was diminished after treatment of the bacterial cells with gingipains. We next partially purified bacterial cell components activating 7.19 cells from gingipain-deficient P. gingivalis. The activity of the partially purified components was diminished by treatment with heat or gingipains. It is also noteworthy that anti-CD14 mAb inhibited the activation of 7.19 cells induced by the partially purified components. These results indicated that the components of P. gingivalis that were able to induce TLR2-and TLR4-independent signaling were inactivated by gingipains before being recognized by CD14. The inactivation of the components would be helpful for P. gingivalis to escape from the innate immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mami Kishimoto
- Division of Periodontology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Tomita S, Komiya-Ito A, Imamura K, Kita D, Ota K, Takayama S, Makino-Oi A, Kinumatsu T, Ota M, Saito A. Prevalence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia in Japanese patients with generalized chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Microb Pathog 2013; 61-62:11-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
37
|
Aemaimanan P, Amimanan P, Taweechaisupapong S. Quantification of key periodontal pathogens in insulin-dependent type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients with generalized chronic periodontitis. Anaerobe 2013; 22:64-8. [PMID: 23827459 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common problem in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), however, differences in the putative periodontal pathogens in subjects with DM compared to non-DM subjects are still inconclusive. The red complex, which includes Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia, encompasses the most important pathogens in adult periodontal disease. The aim of the present study was to compare cell numbers of P. gingivalis, T. denticola, T. forsythia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in gingival sulcus of healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis sites of non-diabetes mellitus (NDM), controlled and poorly controlled insulin-dependent DM (CDM and PDM) patients with generalized chronic periodontitis. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from 19 CDM, 19 PDM and 19 NDM patients. Taqman real time-PCR was used to determine bacterial cell number. At subject level, the quantity of red complex bacteria was significantly higher in PDM than those of NDM and positively correlated with HbA1c. At site level (total 342 sites), cell numbers of T. denticola and T. forsythia in healthy sites of CDM and PDM were significantly higher than those of NDM. In gingivitis sites, the numbers of P. gingivalis in CDM and PDM and T. forsythia in PDM were significantly higher than those of NDM while in periodontitis sites, higher quantity of P. gingivalis in PDM was observed. Our study indicated that poor glycemic control is associated with increasing cell numbers of red complex bacteria in subgingival biofilm.
Collapse
|
38
|
Koyanagi T, Sakamoto M, Takeuchi Y, Maruyama N, Ohkuma M, Izumi Y. Comprehensive microbiological findings in peri-implantitis and periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2013; 40:218-26. [PMID: 23294017 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM The microbial differences between peri-implantitis and periodontitis in the same subjects were examined using 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis and real-time polymerase chain reaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subgingival plaque samples were taken from the deepest pockets of peri-implantitis and periodontitis sites in six subjects. The prevalence of bacteria was analysed using a 16S rRNA gene clone library and real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS A total of 333 different taxa were identified from 799 sequenced clones; 231 (69%) were uncultivated phylotypes, of which 75 were novel. The numbers of bacterial taxa identified at the sites of peri-implantitis and periodontitis were 192 and 148 respectively. The microbial composition of peri-implantitis was more diverse when compared with that of periodontitis. Fusobacterium spp. and Streptococcus spp. were predominant in both peri-implantitis and periodontitis, while bacteria such as Parvimonas micra were only detected in peri-implantitis. The prevalence of periodontopathic bacteria was not high, while quantitative evaluation revealed that, in most cases, prevalence was higher at peri-implantitis sites than at periodontitis sites. CONCLUSIONS The biofilm in peri-implantitis showed a more complex microbial composition when compared with periodontitis. Common periodontopathic bacteria showed low prevalence, and several bacteria were identified as candidate pathogens in peri-implantitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Koyanagi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nguyen-Hieu T. Microbial sampling process can change results of microbiological analysis in periodontitis diagnosis. A minireview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [PMID: 23188761 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This minireview aims to verify the supposition that the microbial sampling process can change results of microbiological analysis in periodontitis diagnosis. The literature search via Pubmed yielded 52 appropriate articles for analysis. Of which 38% (20/52) described that the sampling sites were isolated from saliva, whereas 62% (32/52) did not. Also, 29% (15/52) declared that the microbial sampling was performed before probing pocket depth (PPD), whereas 71% (37/52) did not. Comparison of the results of microbiological analysis in these studies showed that the bacteria most frequently detected in periodontal pockets was variable. Therefore, a sampling process that includes both the microbial sample being taken before PPD and saliva isolation of the sampling sites is needed to ensure the accuracy of microbiological analysis in periodontitis diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tung Nguyen-Hieu
- Aix-Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Dunmyer J, Herbert B, Li Q, Zinna R, Martin K, Yu H, Kirkwood KL. Sustained mitogen-activated protein kinase activation with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans causes inflammatory bone loss. Mol Oral Microbiol 2012; 27:397-407. [PMID: 22958388 DOI: 10.1111/j.2041-1014.2012.00656.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a gram-negative facultative capnophile involved in pathogenesis of aggressive forms of periodontal disease. In the present study, we interrogated the ability of A. actinomycetemcomitans to stimulate innate immune signaling and cytokine production and established that A. actinomycetemcomitans causes bone loss in a novel rat calvarial model. In vitro studies indicated that A. actinomycetemcomitans stimulated considerable production of soluble cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 in both primary bone marrow-derived macrophages and NR8383 macrophages. Immunoblot analysis indicated that A. actinomycetemcomitans exhibits sustained activation of all major mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, as well as the negative regulator of MAPK signaling, MAPK phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), for at least 8 h. In a rat calvarial model of inflammatory bone loss, high and low doses of formalin-fixed A. actinomycetemcomitans were microinjected into the supraperiosteal calvarial space for 1-2 weeks. Histological staining and micro-computed tomography of rat calvariae revealed a significant increase of inflammatory and fibroblast infiltrate and increased bone resorption as measured by total lacunar pit formation. From these data, we provide new evidence that fixed whole cell A. actinomycetemcomitans stimulation elicits a pro-inflammatory host response through sustained MAPK signaling, leading to enhanced bone resorption within the rat calvarial bone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Dunmyer
- Department of Craniofacial Biology and the Center for Oral Health Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ennibi OK, Benrachadi L, Bouziane A, Haubek D, Poulsen K. The highly leukotoxic JP2 clone of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in localized and generalized forms of aggressive periodontitis. Acta Odontol Scand 2012; 70:318-22. [PMID: 22251014 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2011.642002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans, including the highly virulent JP2 clone, in young adult patients with aggressive periodontitis, and associate the findings with the two forms of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy Moroccan subjects with aggressive periodontitis, aged less than 35 years, were recruited. Among these, 41 had LAgP and 29 had GAgP. Plaque samples were collected from periodontal pockets and examined using a PCR that detects the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and which differentiates between JP2 and non-JP2 genotypes of the bacterium. RESULTS total of 58 (83%) from the 70 AgP patients were positive for A. actinomycetemcomitans, among whom 77% were positives for the JP2 clone. The JP2 clone was detected in 34 (83%) of the LAgP patients compared to 20 (69%) of the GAgP patients (p = 0.17). Fourteen (20%) of the patients harbored non-JP2 genotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans, although most of these patients (10/14) also harbored the JP2 clone. CONCLUSIONS The presence of the JP2 clone of A. actinomycetemcomitans is strongly associated with both LAgP and GAgP in young adults in Morocco. This implies that treatment of AgP in this population should include microbiological screening and aim at eradication of the bacterium when present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oum Keltoum Ennibi
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, Mohammed V Souissi University, Rabat, Morocco.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Subgingival microbial profiles of generalized aggressive and chronic periodontal diseases. Arch Oral Biol 2012; 57:973-80. [PMID: 22377404 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Revised: 12/24/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to distinguish between generalized aggressive (GAgP) and chronic periodontitis (CP) based on the subgingival microbial profiles predominant in these diseases. METHODS Two-hundred and sixty subjects, 75 with GAgP and 185 with CP were recruited. Full-mouth clinical measurements were recorded. Individual subgingival plaque samples were taken from 7 sites per subject and analyzed for the prevalence and levels of 51 species by chequerboard. Differences between groups were examined by the Mann-Whitney test. Associations between bacterial species and GAgP were examined by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Actinomyces gerensceriae, Actinomyces israelli, Eubacterium nodatum and Propionibacterium acnes were detected in significantly greater counts in GAgP, whereas Capnocytophaga ochracea, Fusobacterium periodonticum, Staphylococcus aureus and Veillonella parvula were more predominant in CP patients (adjusted p < 0.001). E. nodatum (at mean levels ≥4 × 10(5)) increased significantly the probability of a subject being diagnosed with GAgP than CP (OR 2.44 [0.96-6.20]), whereas P. gingivalis (OR 0.34 [0.11-0.93]) and T. denticola (OR 0.35 [0.11-0.94]) were associated with CP. CONCLUSIONS Very few subgingival species differed in prevalence and/or levels between GAgP and CP in this sample population. In particular, E. nodatum was strongly related to GAgP, whereas P. gingivalis and T. denticola were associated with CP.
Collapse
|
43
|
Aimetti M, Romano F, Guzzi N, Carnevale G. Full-mouth disinfection and systemic antimicrobial therapy in generalized aggressive periodontitis: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Periodontol 2012; 39:284-94. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2011.01795.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Aimetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology; Division of Periodontology; University of Torino; Torino; Italy
| | - Federica Romano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology; Division of Periodontology; University of Torino; Torino; Italy
| | - Nicoletta Guzzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology; Division of Periodontology; University of Torino; Torino; Italy
| | - Gianfranco Carnevale
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology; Division of Periodontology; University of Torino; Torino; Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
López R, Dahlén G, Baelum V. Subgingival microbial consortia and the clinical features of periodontitis in adolescents. Eur J Oral Sci 2011; 119:455-62. [PMID: 22112031 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2011.00875.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between microbial consortia and the clinical features of periodontitis using a multilevel modeling approach. A total of 958 sites in 87 adolescents with periodontitis (cases) and 73 controls were microbiologically sampled and clinically examined. Associations between each of the clinical parameters clinical attachment, probing depth, supragingival plaque, calculus, bleeding on probing, and each of 18 bacterial species; and between the same clinical parameters and each of two microbial consortia identified, were investigated using mixed-effects regression modeling. Higher counts of Tannerella forsythia, Campylobacter rectus, and Porphyromonas gingivalis were all statistically significantly associated with higher values of clinical attachment level, probing depth, and bleeding on probing in the sampled site, when both case status and between-subject variance were accounted for. Higher counts for the consortium comprising the putative periodontopathogens were statistically significantly associated in a dose-response manner with both higher clinical attachment levels and with increased pocket depth. The counts for the consortium predominantly comprising the early-colonizer species were statistically significantly negatively associated with the presence of supragingival calculus, but positively associated with the presence of supragingival plaque. The study demonstrates a relationship between the counts of putative periodontopathogens and clinical attachment levels and probing pocket depths, even for low levels of these clinical parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo López
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
|
46
|
López R, Dahlén G, Retamales C, Baelum V. Clustering of subgingival microbial species in adolescents with’ periodontitis. Eur J Oral Sci 2011; 119:141-50. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2011.00808.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
47
|
Grenier D, Cazalis J, Gagnon G. Response of periodontitis and healthy patients in a Porphyromonas gingivalis-stimulated whole-blood model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 2:38-42. [PMID: 25427326 DOI: 10.1111/j.2041-1626.2010.00032.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the inflammatory responses of periodontitis patients and healthy patients in a whole-blood model stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis. METHODS Whole blood collected from 17 periodontitis patients and six healthy patients was stimulated with Porphyromonas gingivalis cells. The secretion of cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An analysis of covariance with the ancova model was used to evaluate the significance of differences in secreted host molecules by whole blood from the periodontitis and healthy groups. RESULTS Porphyromonas gingivalis induced the secretion of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interferon inducible protein-10 by whole blood from patients in the periodontitis and healthy groups. Matrix metalloproteinase-8 and -9 levels secreted by whole blood also increased following stimulation. No significant differences (P < 0.05) in the amounts of secreted host molecules were observed between periodontitis and healthy patients. CONCLUSION This study suggests that Porphyromonas gingivalis can provoke an inflammatory response and promote the progression of periodontitis by inducing the secretion of high levels of cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases by a mixed leukocyte population. However, the whole-blood model did not reveal any significant differences in the inflammatory response between periodontitis patients (n = 17) and periodontally-healthy patients (n = 6).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Grenier
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
[Association between clinical parameters and the presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with progressive periodontal lesions]. VOJNOSANIT PREGL 2011; 67:898-902. [PMID: 21268925 DOI: 10.2298/vsp1011898r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of periodontal tissues with consequential is bone loss as a result of host immunological reactions caused by periopathogens. The aim of the study was to investigate if there is a correlation between clinical parameters and the presence of two most aggressive periopathogens (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans--Aa and Porphyromonas gingivalis--Pg) in patients with progressive periodontal lesions. METHODS A total of 34 systemic healthy people, 23 to 70 years old, were included in the study. The patients were clinically and radiologically examined, and after that, the representative pocket with greatest pocket depth was chosen and the sample was collected from that place. The measured clinic parameters were: gingival index, index of gingival bleeding, pocket depth and plaque indices. The multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method was used for detection of periopathogens. After obtaining results, appropriate statistical tests were used to correlate the clinical and microbiological results. RESULTS Aa and Pg were detected in the same percentage of samples. Aa and Pg were detected in 35.29% samples alone, and in 29.41% both were detected. The values of measured clinical parameters did not show a statistical significance between the groups. In analysis of correlations among clinical parameters inside the groups, a statistical significance was found only between gingival and plaque index in the group with Aa. CONCLUSION Clinical course of periodontitis in the developed stage does not differ in relation to the presence of different periopathogens as the major inductors of immunologically guided destructive processes.
Collapse
|
49
|
Kubota M, Tanno-Nakanishi M, Yamada S, Okuda K, Ishihara K. Effect of smoking on subgingival microflora of patients with periodontitis in Japan. BMC Oral Health 2011; 11:1. [PMID: 21208407 PMCID: PMC3020163 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-11-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking is a risk factor for periodontitis. To clarify the contribution of smoking to periodontitis, it is essential to assess the relationship between smoking and the subgingival microflora. The aim of this study was to gain an insight into the influence of smoking on the microflora of Japanese patients with periodontitis. Methods Sixty-seven Japanese patients with chronic periodontitis (19 to 83 years old, 23 women and 44 men) were enrolled in the present study. They consisted of 30 smokers and 37 non-smokers. Periodontal parameters including probing pocket depth (PPD) and bleeding on probing (BOP) and oral hygiene status were recorded. Detection of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum/periodonticum, Treponema denticola and Campylobacter rectus in subgingival plaque samples was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Association between the detection of periodontopathic bacteria and smoking status was analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis and chi-square test. Results A statistically significant association was found between having a PPD ≥ 4 mm and detection of T. denticola, P. intermedia, T. forsythia, or C. rectus, with odds ratios ranging from 2.17 to 3.54. A significant association was noted between BOP and the detection of C. rectus or P. intermedia, and smoking, with odds ratios ranging from 1.99 to 5.62. Prevalence of C. rectus was higher in smokers than non-smokers, whereas that of A. actinomycetemcomitans was lower in smokers. Conclusions Within limits, the analysis of the subgingival microbial flora in smokers and non-smokers with chronic periodontitis suggests a relevant association between smoking and colonization by the specific periodontal pathogens including C. rectus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michiya Kubota
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Casarin RCV, Del Peloso Ribeiro É, Mariano FS, Nociti Jr FH, Casati MZ, Gonçalves RB. Levels of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, inflammatory cytokines and species-specific immunoglobulin G in generalized aggressive and chronic periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2010; 45:635-42. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2010.01278.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|