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Kaur R, Singh K, Agarwal S, Masih M, Chauhan A, Gautam PK. Silver nanoparticles induces apoptosis of cancer stem cells in head and neck cancer. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:10-17. [PMID: 38173651 PMCID: PMC10758978 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Several nano formulations of silver nanoparticles with bioconjugates, herbal extracts and anti-cancerous drug coating have been vividly studied to target cancer. Despite of such extensive studies, AgNPs (silver nanoparticles) have not reached the stage of clinical use. Out of all possible reasons for this failure, the unexplored effect on Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) population and mechanism of action of AgNPs, are the most plausible ones and are worked upon in this study. Methods AgNPs were synthesized by chemical reduction method using sodium citrate and characterized by UV, FTIR, XRD and electron microscopy. CSC population was isolated from Cal33 cell line by MACS technique. MTT assay, trypan blue exclusion assay, Annexin V and PI based apoptosis assay and cell cycle assay were performed. Results The results showed that synthesized AgNPs have cytotoxic activity on all cancer cell lines tested with the IC50 value of a wide range (1.5-49.21 µg/ml for cell lines and 0.0643-0.1211 µg/ml for splenocytes and thymocytes). CSCs Cal33 showed higher resistance to AgNP treatment and arrest in G1/G0 phase upon cell cycle analysis. Conclusion AgNPs as an anti-cancer agent although have great potential but is limited by its off-target effects on normal cells and less effective on cancer stem cells at lower concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Khushwant Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Sonam Agarwal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Marilyn Masih
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Anita Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
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Elmetwalli A, Abdel-Monem MO, El-Far AH, Ghaith GS, Albalawi NAN, Hassan J, Ismail NF, El-Sewedy T, Alnamshan MM, ALaqeel NK, Al-Dhuayan IS, Hassan MG. Probiotic-derived silver nanoparticles target mTOR/MMP-9/BCL-2/dependent AMPK activation for hepatic cancer treatment. Med Oncol 2024; 41:106. [PMID: 38575697 PMCID: PMC10995097 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02330-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnology have offered novel ways to combat cancer. By utilizing the reducing capabilities of Lactobacillus acidophilus, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are synthesized. The anti-cancer properties of AgNPs have been demonstrated in previous studies against several cancer cell lines; it has been hypothesized that these compounds might inhibit AMPK/mTOR signalling and BCL-2 expression. Consequently, the current research used both in vitro and in silico approaches to study whether Lactobacillus acidophilus AgNPs could inhibit cell proliferation autophagy and promote apoptosis in HepG2 cells. The isolated strain was identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus strain RBIM based on 16 s rRNA gene analysis. Based on our research findings, it has been observed that this particular strain can generate increased quantities of AgNPs when subjected to optimal growing conditions. The presence of silanols, carboxylates, phosphonates, and siloxanes on the surface of AgNPs was confirmed using FTIR analysis. AgNPs were configured using UV-visible spectroscopy at 425 nm. In contrast, it was observed that apoptotic cells exhibited orange-coloured bodies due to cellular shrinkage and blebbing initiated by AgNP treatment, compared to non-apoptotic cells. It is worth mentioning that AgNPs exhibited remarkable selectivity in inducing cell death, specifically in HepG2 cells, unlike normal WI-38 cells. The half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for HepG2 and WI-38 cells were 4.217 µg/ml and 154.1 µg/ml, respectively. AgNPs induce an upregulation in the synthesis of inflammation-associated cytokines, including (TNF-α and IL-33), within HepG2 cells. AgNPs co-treatment led to higher glutathione levels and activating pro-autophagic genes such as AMPK.Additionally, it resulted in the suppression of mTOR, MMP-9, BCL-2, and α-SMA gene expression. The docking experiments suggest that the binding of AgNPs to the active site of the AMPK enzyme leads to inhibiting its activity. The inhibition of AMPK ultimately results in the suppression of the mechanistic mTOR and triggers apoptosis in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, the results of our study indicate that the utilization of AgNPs may represent a viable strategy for the eradication of liver cancerous cells through the activation of apoptosis and the enhancement of immune system reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Elmetwalli
- Department of Clinical Trial Research Unit and Drug Discovery, Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Mansoura, Egypt.
- Microbiology Division, Higher Technological Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIAH), Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed O Abdel-Monem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Gehad S Ghaith
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | | | - Jihan Hassan
- Department of Applied Medical Chemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nadia F Ismail
- Health Information Management Program, Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Science Technology, Borg El Arab Technological University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tarek El-Sewedy
- Department of Applied Medical Chemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mashael Mashal Alnamshan
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf K ALaqeel
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibtesam S Al-Dhuayan
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mervat G Hassan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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Berehu HM, Patnaik S. Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles synthesized from Tinospora Cordifolia induce oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer. Nanotheranostics 2024; 8:312-329. [PMID: 38577319 PMCID: PMC10988208 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.84995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy remains a serious challenge, and new approaches to therapy are urgently needed to build novel treatment regimens. The methanol extract of the stem of Tinospora Cordifolia was used to synthesize biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) that display anticancer activities against colorectal cancer. Biogenic ZnO-NPs synthesized from methanol extract of Tinospora Cordifolia stem (ZnO-NPs TM) were tested against HCT-116 cell lines to assess anticancer activity. UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM analysis characterized the biogenic ZnO-NPs. To see how well biogenic ZnO-NPs fight cancer, cytotoxicity, AO/EtBr staining, Annexin V/PI staining, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) analysis, and caspase cascade activity analysis were performed to assess the anticancer efficacy of biogenic ZnO-NPs. The IC50 values of biogenic ZnO-NPs treated cells (HCT-116 and Caco-2) were 31.419 ± 0.682μg/ml and 36.675 ± 0.916μg/ml, respectively. qRT-PCR analysis showed that cells treated with biogenic ZnO-NPs Bax and P53 mRNA levels increased significantly (p ≤ 0.001). It showed to have impaired MMP and increased ROS generation. In a corollary, our in vivo study showed that biogenic ZnO-NPs have an anti-tumour effect. Biogenic ZnO-NPs TM showed both in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects that could be employed as anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadgu Mendefro Berehu
- Disease Biology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology KIIT Deemed to Be University, Odisha, India
| | - Srinivas Patnaik
- Disease Biology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology KIIT Deemed to Be University, Odisha, India
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Soni D, Gandhi D. Toxicity evaluation of silver nanoparticles synthesized from naringin flavonoid on human promyelocytic leukemic cells and human blood cells. Toxicol Ind Health 2024; 40:125-133. [PMID: 38243157 DOI: 10.1177/07482337241227244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Increasing applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in multiple products like cosmetics, medicines, drugs, paints, and other new materials have raised concern for their toxic effects on living beings and the surrounding environment. In the present study, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of AgNPs synthesized using plant flavonoid (Naringin) as a reducing agent were investigated on human promyelocytic leukemic (HL-60) cells and human blood as an in vitro model. The LC50 of AgNPs was found to be 4.85 µM. Dose-dependent increase in cell death and caspase activity was observed in the presence of AgNPs. The comet assay showed a 60%-70% (p < .05) increase in tail DNA at 0.48 and 0.96 µM AgNPs. CBMN in PBMCs also confirmed the genotoxic potential of AgNPs-induced DNA damage. AgNPs resulted in 1.5-1.54 fold (p < .05) increase in the level of ROS in HL-60 cells after 12 h of exposure. AgNP showed toxicity in human cells through ROS generation and cellular damage through membrane dysfunction, caspase activation, apoptosis, and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Soni
- National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, India
| | - Deepa Gandhi
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, India
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
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Thakkar AB, Subramanian R, Thakkar VR, Bhatt SV, Chaki S, Vaidya YH, Patel V, Thakor P. Apoptosis induction capability of silver nanoparticles capped with Acorus calamus L. and Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Ex DC. against lung carcinoma cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24400. [PMID: 38304770 PMCID: PMC10831608 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared using a one-step reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) with sodium borohydride (NaBH4) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a capping agent. Plant extracts from D. sissoo (DS) and A. calamus L. (AC) leaves were incorporated during the synthesis process. The crystalline nature of the AgNPs was confirmed through X-ray diffraction (XRD), confirming the face-centered cubic structure, with a lattice constant of 4.08 Å and a crystallite size of 18 nm. Field Emission Gun Transmission Electron Microscopy (FEG-TEM) revealed spherical AgNPs (10-20 nm) with evident PVP adsorption, leading to size changes and agglomeration. UV-Vis spectra showed a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 417 nm for AgNPs and a redshift to 420 nm for PVP-coated AgNPs, indicating successful synthesis. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) identified functional groups and drug-loaded samples exhibited characteristic peaks, confirming effective drug loading. The anti-cancer potential of synthesized NPs was assessed by MTT assay in human adenocarcinoma lung cancer (A549) and lung normal cells (WI-38) cells. IC50 values for all three NPs (AgPVP NPs, DS@AgPVP NPs, and AC@AgPVP NPs) were 41.60 ± 2.35, 14.25 ± 1.85, and 21.75 ± 0.498 μg/ml on A549 cells, and 420.69 ± 2.87, 408.20 ± 3.41, and 391.80 ± 1.55 μg/ml respectively. Furthermore, the NPs generated Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and altered the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Differential staining techniques were used to investigate the apoptosis-inducing properties of the three synthesized NPs. The colony formation assay indicated that nanoparticle therapy prevented cancer cell invasion. Finally, Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR) analysis predicted the expression pattern of many apoptosis-related genes (Caspase 3, 9, and 8).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali B. Thakkar
- P. G. Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel Maidan, Satellite Campus, Sardar Patel University, Bakrol-Vadtal Road, Bakrol, Anand, Gujarat, India
- P. G. Department of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences (IICISST), Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujrat, India
| | - R.B. Subramanian
- P. G. Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel Maidan, Satellite Campus, Sardar Patel University, Bakrol-Vadtal Road, Bakrol, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Vasudev R. Thakkar
- P. G. Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel Maidan, Satellite Campus, Sardar Patel University, Bakrol-Vadtal Road, Bakrol, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Sandip V. Bhatt
- P. G. Department of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences (IICISST), Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujrat, India
| | - Sunil Chaki
- P. G. Department of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences (IICISST), Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujrat, India
- Department of Physics, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujrat, India
| | - Yati H. Vaidya
- Department of Microbiology, Shri Alpesh N. Patel Post Graduate Institute of Science and Research, Anand, Gujarat, 388120, India
| | - Vikas Patel
- Sophisticated Instrumentation Centre for Applied Research & Testing (SICART), Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, 388120, India
| | - Parth Thakor
- Bapubhai Desaibhai Patel Institute of Paramedical Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat, India
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El-Zawawy NA, Kenawy ER, Ahmed S, El-Sapagh S. Bioproduction and optimization of newly characterized melanin pigment from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 with its anticancer, antimicrobial, and radioprotective properties. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:23. [PMID: 38229042 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02276-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanin is a natural pigment that is considered a promising biomaterial for numerous biotechnological applications across several industries. Melanin has biomedical applications as antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. Additionally, in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, it is used in drug delivery and as a radioprotective agent. Also, melanin has environmental uses in the fields of bioremediation and the food industry. The biosynthesis of melanin pigment is an area of interest for researchers due to its multifunctionality, high compatibility, and biodegradability. Therefore, our present work is the first attempt to characterize and optimize the productivity of melanin pigment from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 concerning its radioprotection and biological properties. RESULTS Forty isolates of soil actinobacteria were isolated from the Wadi Allaqui Biosphere Reserve, Egypt. Only one isolate, ACT3, produced a dark brown melanin pigment extracellularly. This isolate was identified according to phenotypic properties and molecular phylogenetic analysis as Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 with accession number OP912881. Plackett-Burman experimental design (PBD) and response surface methodology (RSM) using a Box-Behnken design (BBD) were performed for optimum medium and culturing conditions for maximum pigment production, resulting in a 4.19-fold improvement in melanin production (118.73 mg/10 mL). The extracted melanin pigment was purified and characterized as belonging to nitrogen-free pyomelanin based on ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-VIS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and NMR studies. Purified melanin demonstrated potent scavenging activity with IC50 values of 18.03 µg/mL and revealed high potency as sunscreens (in vitro SPF = 18.5). Moreover, it showed a nontoxic effect on a normal cell line (WI38), while it had a concentration-dependent anticancer effect on HCT116, HEPG, and MCF7 cell lines with IC50 = 108.9, 43.83, and 81.99 µg/mL, respectively. Also, purified melanin had a detrimental effect on the tested MDR bacterial strains, of which PA-09 and SA-04 were clearly more susceptible to melanin compared with other strains with MICs of 6.25 and 25 µg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that the newly characterized pyomelanin from Streptomyces djakartensis NSS-3 has valuable biological properties due to its potential photoprotective, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and lack of cytotoxic activities, which open up new prospects for using this natural melanin pigment in various biotechnological applications and avoiding chemical-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nessma A El-Zawawy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - El-Refaie Kenawy
- Chemistry Department, Polymer Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Sara Ahmed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Shimaa El-Sapagh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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7
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Lincon A, Mohapatra P, Das S, DasGupta S. Probing silver nanoparticle mediated mitigation of UV-photolysis in proteins by electrical impedance analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128271. [PMID: 38000604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic equilibrium between an array of molecular forces precisely organizes the native structure of the protein. The charge on the protein, an interconnected network continuum, is crucial in determining its secondary and tertiary structure. The photolysis of the protein by ultraviolet (UV) light occurs by generating reactive oxygen intermediates from the interaction of matter and light. Herein, we have investigated the photolysis of the protein and its prevention by the pre-treatment with silver nanoparticle (AgNP) using non-faradaic electrical impedance spectroscopy (Nf-EIS). Five microliters of protein solution are used to measure its impedimetric parameters via Nf-EIS. The photoionization process sparks off an altered surface charge continuum of the protein molecules in tandem with the genesis of solvated electrons and protons, spurring an upward shift in conductivity. The AgNP pre-treatment has reduced the damaging effects of the UV radiation, which is reflected as lesser conductivity in contrast to the photolyzed protein solution. Raman Spectroscopy and circular dichroism tests affirm the trend of Nf-EIS results. These results show that Nf-EIS can evaluate protein structure analysis utilized in quality assurance and toxicity analysis for biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Lincon
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India
| | - Pratyusa Mohapatra
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India
| | - Soumen Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India
| | - Sunando DasGupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India.
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Mohanta YK, Mishra AK, Panda J, Chakrabartty I, Sarma B, Panda SK, Chopra H, Zengin G, Moloney MG, Sharifi-Rad M. Promising applications of phyto-fabricated silver nanoparticles: Recent trends in biomedicine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 688:149126. [PMID: 37951153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
The prospective contribution of phyto-nanotechnology to the synthesis of silver nanomaterials for biomedical purposes is attracting increasing interest across the world. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) through plants has been extensively examined recently, and it is now seen to be a green and efficient path for future exploitation and development of practical nano-factories. Fabrication of Ag-NPs is the process involves use of plant extracts/phyto-compounds (e.g.alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds) to synthesise nanoparticles in more economical and feasible. Several findings concluded that in the field of medicine, Ag-NPs play a major role in pharmacotherapy (infection and cancer). Indeed, they exhibits novel properties but the reason is unclear (except some theoretical interpretation e.g. size, shape and morphology). But recent technological advancements help to address these questions by predicting the unique properties (composition and origin) by characterizing physical, chemical and biological properties. Due to increased list of publications and their application in the field of agriculture, industries and pharmaceuticals, issues relating to toxicity are unavoidable and question of debate. The present reviews aim to find out the role of plant extracts to synthesise Ag-NPs. It provides an overview of various phytocompounds and their role in the field of biomedicine (antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory etc.). In addition, this review also especially focused on various applications such as role in infection, oxidative stress, application in medical engineering, diagnosis and therapy, medical devices, orthopedics, wound healing and dressings. Additionally, the toxic effects of Ag-NPs in cell culture, tissue of different model organism, type of toxic reactions and regulation implemented to reduce associated risk are discussed critically. Addressing all above explanations, this review focus on the detailed properties of plant mediated Ag-NPs, its impact on biology, medicine and their commercial properties as well as toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugal Kishore Mohanta
- Nano-biotechnology and Translational Knowledge Laboratory, Department of Applied Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya (USTM), 9th Mile, Techno City, Baridua, Ri-Bhoi, Meghalaya, 793101, India; Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, 603103, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Awdhesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea.
| | - Jibanjyoti Panda
- Nano-biotechnology and Translational Knowledge Laboratory, Department of Applied Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya (USTM), 9th Mile, Techno City, Baridua, Ri-Bhoi, Meghalaya, 793101, India.
| | - Ishani Chakrabartty
- Learning and Development Solutions, Indegene Pvt. Ltd., Manyata Tech Park, Nagarwara, Bangalore, 560045, Karnataka, India.
| | - Bhaskar Sarma
- Department of Botany, Dhemaji College, Dhemaji, 787057, Assam, India.
| | - Sujogya Kumar Panda
- Centre of Environment Climate Change and Public Health, RUSA 2.0, Deapartment of Zoology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, 751004, Odisha, India.
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and TechnicalSciences, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Mark G Moloney
- The Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
| | - Majid Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Water and Soil, University of Zabol, Zabol, 98613-35856, Iran.
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Skóra B, Piechowiak T, Szychowski KA. Dual mechanism of silver nanoparticle-mediated upregulation of adipogenesis in mouse fibroblasts (3T3-L1) in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 479:116726. [PMID: 37844778 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widespread in the environment due to the increase in their application e.g. in medicine as part of hard-to-heal wound dressings. Many studies have revealed easy diffusion of AgNPs into deep skin layers through damaged epidermis and contact with e.g. fibroblasts. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of small-size AgNPs (10 nm) in ppm concentrations on the adipogenesis process in mouse embryo fibroblasts (3T3-L1). The results showed a decrease in the metabolic activity, followed by an increase in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in a dose- and time-dependent manner (0-20 ppm). The increased caspase-3 activity was observed only at the highest concentration (20 ppm) of AgNPs. Further analysis showed the ability of the tested NPs to increase the lipid accumulation in adipocytes, similar to ROSI [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist], measured by Oil-Red-O staining. Moreover, the analyses evidenced the ability of AgNPs to increase the lipoxygenase activity and malondialdehyde levels, which is probably based on ROS-dependent enhancement of lipid hydroperoxidation. Lastly, a significant increase in the PPARγ, Adiponectin, Resistin, Vegf, and Serpine mRNA expression was shown 6 h after the induction of the differentiation process. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that small-size AgNPs increase adipogenesis via ROS- and PPARγ-based mechanisms with potential engagement of crosstalk with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, which is important due to the widespread application of AgNPs in medicine. However, more studies are needed to elucidate the full mechanism of these NPs in the tested cell model in depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Skóra
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Piechowiak
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, St. Cwiklinskiej 1A, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Konrad A Szychowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
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Pushparaj K, Balasubramanian B, Kandasamy Y, Arumugam VA, Kaliannan D, Arumugam M, Abdulrahman Alodaini H, Atef Hatamleh A, Pappuswamy M, Meyyazhagan A. Green synthesis, characterization of silver nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extracts of Solanum melongena and in vitro evaluation of antibacterial, pesticidal and anticancer activity in human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY - SCIENCE 2023; 35:102663. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2023.102663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
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Sohrab SS, Raj R, Nagar A, Hawthorne S, Paiva-Santos AC, Kamal MA, El-Daly MM, Azhar EI, Sharma A. Chronic Inflammation's Transformation to Cancer: A Nanotherapeutic Paradigm. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114413. [PMID: 37298889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The body's normal immune response against any invading pathogen that causes infection in the body results in inflammation. The sudden transformation in inflammation leads to the rise of inflammatory diseases such as chronic inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune disorders, and colorectal cancer (different types of cancer develop at the site of chronic infection and inflammation). Inflammation results in two ways: short-term inflammation i.e., non-specific, involves the action of various immune cells; the other results in long-term reactions lasting for months or years. It is specific and causes angiogenesis, fibrosis, tissue destruction, and cancer progression at the site of inflammation. Cancer progression relies on the interaction between the host microenvironment and tumor cells along with the inflammatory responses, fibroblast, and vascular cells. The two pathways that have been identified connecting inflammation and cancer are the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Both have their own specific role in linking inflammation to cancer, involving various transcription factors such as Nuclear factor kappa B, Activator of transcription, Single transducer, and Hypoxia-inducible factor, which in turn regulates the inflammatory responses via Soluble mediators cytokines (such as Interleukin-6, Hematopoietin-1/Erythropoietin, and tumor necrosis factor), chemokines (such as Cyclooxygenase-2, C-X-C Motif chemokines ligand-8, and IL-8), inflammatory cells, cellular components (such as suppressor cells derived from myeloid, tumor-associated macrophage, and acidophils), and promotes tumorigenesis. The treatment of these chronic inflammatory diseases is challenging and needs early detection and diagnosis. Nanotechnology is a booming field nowadays for its rapid action and easy penetration inside the infected destined cells. Nanoparticles are widely classified into different categories based on their different factors and properties such as size, shape, cytotoxicity, and others. Nanoparticles emerged as excellent with highly progressive medical inventions to cure diseases such as cancer, inflammatory diseases, and others. Nanoparticles have shown higher binding capacity with the biomolecules in inflammation reduction and lowers the oxidative stress inside tissue/cells. In this review, we have overall discussed inflammatory pathways that link inflammation to cancer, major inflammatory diseases, and the potent action of nanoparticles in chronic inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Sartaj Sohrab
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riya Raj
- Department of Biochemistry, Bangalore University, Banglore 560056, India
| | - Amka Nagar
- Department of Life Science, School of Basic Science and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India
| | - Susan Hawthorne
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Enzymoics Inc., Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
- Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Mai M El-Daly
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam I Azhar
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ankur Sharma
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 0RE, UK
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Dutt Y, Pandey RP, Dutt M, Gupta A, Vibhuti A, Vidic J, Raj VS, Chang CM, Priyadarshini A. Therapeutic applications of nanobiotechnology. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:148. [PMID: 37149615 PMCID: PMC10163736 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01909-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanobiotechnology, as a novel and more specialized branch of science, has provided a number of nanostructures such as nanoparticles, by utilizing the methods, techniques, and protocols of other branches of science. Due to the unique features and physiobiological characteristics, these nanostructures or nanocarriers have provided vast methods and therapeutic techniques, against microbial infections and cancers and for tissue regeneration, tissue engineering, and immunotherapies, and for gene therapies, through drug delivery systems. However, reduced carrying capacity, abrupt and non-targeted delivery, and solubility of therapeutic agents, can affect the therapeutic applications of these biotechnological products. In this article, we explored and discussed the prominent nanobiotechnological methods and products such as nanocarriers, highlighted the features and challenges associated with these products, and attempted to conclude if available nanostructures offer any scope of improvement or enhancement. We aimed to identify and emphasize the nanobiotechnological methods and products, with greater prospect and capacity for therapeutic improvements and enhancements. We found that novel nanocarriers and nanostructures, such as nanocomposites, micelles, hydrogels, microneedles, and artificial cells, can address the associated challenges and inherited drawbacks, with help of conjugations, sustained and stimuli-responsive release, ligand binding, and targeted delivery. We recommend that nanobiotechnology, despite having few challenges and drawbacks, offers immense opportunities that can be harnessed in delivering quality therapeutics with precision and prediction. We also recommend that, by exploring the branched domains more rigorously, bottlenecks and obstacles can also be addressed and resolved in return.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Dutt
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana, 131029, India
| | - Ramendra Pati Pandey
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana, 131029, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana, 131029, India.
| | - Mamta Dutt
- Mamta Dental Clinic, Opposite Sector 29, Main Badkhal Road, Faridabad, Haryana, 121002, India
| | - Archana Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana, 131029, India
| | - Arpana Vibhuti
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana, 131029, India
| | - Jasmina Vidic
- Université Paris-Saclay, Micalis Institute, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - V Samuel Raj
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana, 131029, India
| | - Chung-Ming Chang
- Master & Ph.D Program in Biotechnology Industry, Chang Gung University, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan (ROC).
| | - Anjali Priyadarshini
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana, 131029, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana, 131029, India.
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Al-Fahdawi MQ, Aldoghachi AF, Alhassan FH, Al-Doghachi FA, Alshwyeh HA, Rasedee A, Alnasser SM, Al-Qubaisi MS, Ibrahim WN. Physicochemical characterization and cancer cell antiproliferative effect of silver-doped magnesia nanoparticles. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15560. [PMID: 37159701 PMCID: PMC10163622 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver-doped magnesia nanoparticles (Ag/MgO) were synthesized using the precipitation method and characterized by various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunner-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area measurements, and dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The morphology of Ag/MgO nanoparticles was determined by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, which revealed cuboidal shaped nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 31 to 68 nm and an average size of 43.5 ± 10.6 nm. The anticancer effects of Ag/MgO nanoparticles were evaluated on human colorectal (HT29) and lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cell lines, and their caspase-3, -8, and -9 activities, as well as Bcl-2, Bax, p53, cytochrome C protein expressions were estimated. Ag/MgO nanoparticles showed selective toxicity towards HT29 and A549 cells while remaining relatively innocuous towards the normal human colorectal, CCD-18Co, and lung, MRC-5 cells. The IC50 values of Ag/MgO nanoparticles on the HT29 and A549 cells were found to be 90.2 ± 2.6 and 85.0 ± 3.5 μg/mL, respectively. The Ag/MgO nanoparticles upregulated caspase-3 and -9 activities, downregulated Bcl-2, upregulated Bax and p53 protein expressions in the cancer cells. The morphology of the Ag/MgO nanoparticle treated HT29 and A549 cells was typical of apoptosis, with cell detachment, shrinkage, and membrane blebbing. The results suggest that Ag/MgO nanoparticles induce apoptosis in cancer cells and exhibit potential as a promising anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Faris Aldoghachi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, 43300, Malaysia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Cheras, 43000, Malaysia
| | - Fatah H. Alhassan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Technology, College of Science and Arts, Alkamel University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Africa City of Technology, Khartoum Bahari, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Hussah Abdullah Alshwyeh
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Basic & Applied Scientific Research Center, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Rasedee
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Corresponding author.Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | | | | | - Wisam Nabeel Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Corresponding author. Department of Biomedical sciences, College of Health sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Qatar.
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Le TTH, Ngo TH, Nguyen TH, Hoang VH, Nguyen VH, Nguyen PH. Anti-cancer activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Ardisia gigantifolia leaf extract against gastric cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 661:99-107. [PMID: 37087804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Using extracts from herbs for silver nanoparticle synthesis is attracting attention for its anticancer activity. Ardisia gigantifolia is a herb used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating stomach ailments, and some compounds isolated from this plant exhibit the inhibitory activity against different cancer cells. However, the synthesis of silver nanoparticle using extract of Ardisia gigantiflia leaves and their anti-cancer activity was not reported. In this report, the green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Ardisia gigantiflia extract (Arg-AgNPs) has average diameter of 6 nm with functional groups including O-H, C-H, and CO founded on the surface of these nanoparticles. The viability assays results revealed Arg-AgNPs reduced gastric cancer cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 values of 1.37 and 0.65 μg/mL for AGS cells and 1.03 and 0.96 μg/mL for MKN45 cells. Arg-AgNPs caused cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and suppressed cell migration. Additionally, Arg-AgNPs significantly increased the percentage of senescent cells and promoted overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to the control. Thus, this study indicates that Arg-AgNPs can be considered as a promising candidate against human gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thanh Huong Le
- Faculty of Biotechnology, TNU- University of Sciences (TNUS), Thai Nguyen City, Viet Nam
| | - Thu Ha Ngo
- Faculty of Biotechnology, TNU- University of Sciences (TNUS), Thai Nguyen City, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Huong Nguyen
- Faculty of Biotechnology, TNU- University of Sciences (TNUS), Thai Nguyen City, Viet Nam
| | - Van Hung Hoang
- Thai Nguyen University (TNU), Thai Nguyen City, Viet Nam
| | - Van Hao Nguyen
- Institute of Science and Technology, TNU - University of Sciences (TNUS), Thai Nguyen City, Viet Nam.
| | - Phu Hung Nguyen
- Faculty of Biotechnology, TNU- University of Sciences (TNUS), Thai Nguyen City, Viet Nam; Center of Interdisciplinary Science and Education, Thai Nguyen City, Viet Nam.
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15
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Bidian C, Filip GA, David L, Moldovan B, Olteanu D, Clichici S, Olănescu-Vaida-Voevod MC, Leostean C, Macavei S, Muntean DM, Cenariu M, Albu A, Baldea I. Green Synthesized Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Increased Oxidative Stress and Induced Cell Death in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1251. [PMID: 37049344 PMCID: PMC10097358 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The research investigated the effect of gold (Au-CM) and silver nanoparticles (Ag-CM) phytoreduced with Cornus mas fruit extract (CM) on a human colorectal adenocarcinoma (DLD-1) cell line. The impact of nanoparticles on the viability of DLD-1 tumor cells and normal cells was evaluated. Oxidative stress and cell death mechanisms (annexin/propidium iodide analysis, caspase-3 and caspase-8 levels, p53, BCL-2, BAX, NFkB expressions) as well as proliferation markers (Ki-67, PCNA and MAPK) were evaluated in tumor cells. The nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and by measuring zeta potential, hydrodynamic diameter and polydispersity index (PDI). Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analyses were also performed. The nanoparticles induced apoptosis and necrosis of DLD-1 cells and reduced cell proliferation, especially Ag-CM, while on normal cells, both nanoparticles maintained their viability up to 80%. Ag-CM and Au-CM increased the expressions of p53 and NFkB in parallel with the downregulation of BCL-2 protein and induced the activation of caspase-8, suggesting the involvement of apoptosis in cell death. Lipid peroxidation triggered by Ag-CM was correlated with tumor cell necrosis rate. Both nanoparticles obtained with phytocompounds from the CM extract protected normal cells and induced the death of DLD-1 tumor cells, especially by apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bidian
- Department of Physiology, ‘‘Iuliu Hatieganu’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.B.); (D.O.); (S.C.); (M.-C.O.-V.-V.); (I.B.)
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, ‘‘Iuliu Hatieganu’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.B.); (D.O.); (S.C.); (M.-C.O.-V.-V.); (I.B.)
| | - Luminița David
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, “Babes-Bolyai” University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Bianca Moldovan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, “Babes-Bolyai” University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Diana Olteanu
- Department of Physiology, ‘‘Iuliu Hatieganu’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.B.); (D.O.); (S.C.); (M.-C.O.-V.-V.); (I.B.)
| | - Simona Clichici
- Department of Physiology, ‘‘Iuliu Hatieganu’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.B.); (D.O.); (S.C.); (M.-C.O.-V.-V.); (I.B.)
| | - Maria-Cristina Olănescu-Vaida-Voevod
- Department of Physiology, ‘‘Iuliu Hatieganu’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.B.); (D.O.); (S.C.); (M.-C.O.-V.-V.); (I.B.)
| | - Cristian Leostean
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donath St., No. 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Sergiu Macavei
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Donath St., No. 67-103, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Dana Maria Muntean
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, ‘‘Iuliu Hatieganu’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeș Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- Department of Animal Reproduction, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Adriana Albu
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ioana Baldea
- Department of Physiology, ‘‘Iuliu Hatieganu’’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 1-3 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.B.); (D.O.); (S.C.); (M.-C.O.-V.-V.); (I.B.)
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16
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Noshy PA, Yasin NAE, Rashad MM, Shehata AM, Salem FMS, El-Saied EM, Mahmoud MY. Zinc nanoparticles ameliorate oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by silver nanoparticles in the brain of male rats. Neurotoxicology 2023; 95:193-204. [PMID: 36796650 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The current study was conducted to investigate the possible ameliorative role of zinc nanoparticles (Zn NPs) against silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs)-induced oxidative and apoptotic brain damage in adult male rats. Twenty-four mature Wistar rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups: control group, Ag NPs group, Zn NPs group, and Ag NPs + Zn NPs group. Rats were exposed to Ag NPs (50 mg/kg) and/or Zn NPs (30 mg/kg) daily by oral gavage for 12 weeks. The results revealed that exposure to Ag NPs significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content, decreased catalase and reduced glutathione (GSH) activities, downregulated the relative mRNA expression of antioxidant-related genes (Nrf-2 and SOD), and upregulated the relative mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes (Bax, caspase 3 and caspase 9) in the brain tissue. Furthermore, severe neuropathological lesions with a substantial increase in the caspase 3 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity were observed in the cerebrum and cerebellum of Ag NPs-exposed rats. Conversely, co-administration of Zn NPs with Ag NPs significantly ameliorated most of these neurotoxic effects. Collectively, Zn NPs can be used as a potent prophylactic agent against Ag NPs-induced oxidative and apoptotic neural damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Noshy
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Noha A E Yasin
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Maha M Rashad
- Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa M Shehata
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Fatma M S Salem
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Eiman M El-Saied
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Y Mahmoud
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
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Bordeianu G, Filip N, Cernomaz A, Veliceasa B, Hurjui LL, Pinzariu AC, Pertea M, Clim A, Marinca MV, Serban IL. The Usefulness of Nanotechnology in Improving the Prognosis of Lung Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030705. [PMID: 36979684 PMCID: PMC10045176 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains a major public health problem both in terms of incidence and specific mortality despite recent developments in terms of prevention, such as smoking reduction policies and clinical management advances. Better lung cancer prognosis could be achieved by early and accurate diagnosis and improved therapeutic interventions. Nanotechnology is a dynamic and fast-developing field; various medical applications have been developed and deployed, and more exist as proofs of concepts or experimental models. We aim to summarize current knowledge relevant to the use of nanotechnology in lung cancer management. Starting from the chemical structure-based classification of nanoparticles, we identify and review various practical implementations roughly organized as diagnostic or therapeutic in scope, ranging from innovative contrast agents to targeted drug carriers. Available data are presented starting with standards of practice and moving to highly experimental methods and proofs of concept; particularities, advantages, limits and future directions are explored, focusing on the potential impact on lung cancer clinical prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Bordeianu
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences (II), Discipline of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Nina Filip
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences (II), Discipline of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (N.F.); (A.C.)
| | - Andrei Cernomaz
- III-rd Medical Department, Discipline of Pneumology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (N.F.); (A.C.)
| | - Bogdan Veliceasa
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Surgical Science (II), Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Loredana Liliana Hurjui
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences (II), Discipline of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alin Constantin Pinzariu
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences (II), Discipline of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihaela Pertea
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Reconstructive Microsurgery, “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency County Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andreea Clim
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences (II), Discipline of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Vasile Marinca
- III-rd Medical Department, Discipline of Oncology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ionela Lacramioara Serban
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences (II), Discipline of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Argenziano R, Agustin-Salazar S, Panaro A, Calarco A, Di Salle A, Aprea P, Cerruti P, Panzella L, Napolitano A. Combining the Potent Reducing Properties of Pecan Nutshell with a Solvent-Free Mechanochemical Approach for Synthesizing High Ag 0 Content-Silver Nanoparticles: An Eco-Friendly Route to an Efficient Multifunctional Photocatalytic, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Material. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:821. [PMID: 36903701 PMCID: PMC10005451 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A straightforward, low-cost, and scalable solid-state mechanochemical protocol for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) based on the use of the highly reducing agri-food by-product pecan nutshell (PNS) is reported herein. Under optimized conditions (180 min, 800 rpm, PNS/AgNO3 ratio = 55/45 w/w), a complete reduction in silver ions was achieved, leading to a material containing ca. 36% w/w Ag0 (X-ray diffraction analysis). Dynamic light scattering and microscopic analysis showed a uniform size distribution (15-35 nm average diameter) of the spherical AgNP. The 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay revealed lower-although still absolutely high (EC50 = 5.8 ± 0.5 mg/mL)-antioxidant properties for PNS for the further incorporation of AgNP, supporting the efficient reduction of Ag+ ions by PNS phenolic compounds. Photocatalytic experiments indicated that AgNP-PNS (0.4 mg/mL) was able to induce the >90% degradation of methylene blue after 120 min visible light irradiation, with good recycling stability. Finally, AgNP-PNS demonstrated high biocompatibility and significantly light-enhanced growth inhibition properties against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus mutans at concentrations as low as 250 μg/mL, also eliciting an antibiofilm effect at 1000 μg/mL. Overall, the adopted approach allowed to reuse a cheap and abundant agri-food by-product and required no toxic or noxious chemicals, making AgNP-PNS a sustainable and easy-to-access multifunctional material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Argenziano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Sarai Agustin-Salazar
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, I-80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Panaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, I-80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Anna Calarco
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET-CNR), Via P. Castellino 111, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Di Salle
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET-CNR), Via P. Castellino 111, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Aprea
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples “Federico II”, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, I-80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Cerruti
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, I-80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Lucia Panzella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
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The Role of Silver Nanoparticles in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer: Are There Any Perspectives for the Future? Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020466. [PMID: 36836823 PMCID: PMC9965924 DOI: 10.3390/life13020466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a fatal disease with a complex pathophysiology. Lack of specificity and cytotoxicity, as well as the multidrug resistance of traditional cancer chemotherapy, are the most common limitations that often cause treatment failure. Thus, in recent years, significant efforts have concentrated on the development of a modernistic field called nano-oncology, which provides the possibility of using nanoparticles (NPs) with the aim to detect, target, and treat cancer diseases. In comparison with conventional anticancer strategies, NPs provide a targeted approach, preventing undesirable side effects. What is more, nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have shown good pharmacokinetics and precise targeting, as well as reduced multidrug resistance. It has been documented that, in cancer cells, NPs promote reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, activate ER (endoplasmic reticulum) stress, modulate various signaling pathways, etc. Furthermore, their ability to inhibit tumor growth in vivo has also been documented. In this paper, we have reviewed the role of silver NPs (AgNPs) in cancer nanomedicine, discussing numerous mechanisms by which they render anticancer properties under both in vitro and in vivo conditions, as well as their potential in the diagnosis of cancer.
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Taheriazam A, Abad GGY, Hajimazdarany S, Imani MH, Ziaolhagh S, Zandieh MA, Bayanzadeh SD, Mirzaei S, Hamblin MR, Entezari M, Aref AR, Zarrabi A, Ertas YN, Ren J, Rajabi R, Paskeh MDA, Hashemi M, Hushmandi K. Graphene oxide nanoarchitectures in cancer biology: Nano-modulators of autophagy and apoptosis. J Control Release 2023; 354:503-522. [PMID: 36641122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a growing field, with many potential biomedical applications of nanomedicine for the treatment of different diseases, particularly cancer, on the horizon. Graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles can act as carbon-based nanocarriers with advantages such as a large surface area, good mechanical strength, and the capacity for surface modification. These nanostructures have been extensively used in cancer therapy for drug and gene delivery, photothermal therapy, overcoming chemotherapy resistance, and for imaging procedures. In the current review, we focus on the biological functions of GO nanoparticles as regulators of apoptosis and autophagy, the two major forms of programmed cell death. GO nanoparticles can either induce or inhibit autophagy in cancer cells, depending on the conditions. By stimulating autophagy, GO nanocarriers can promote the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy. However, by impairing autophagy flux, GO nanoparticles can reduce cell survival and enhance inflammation. Similarly, GO nanomaterials can increase ROS production and induce DNA damage, thereby sensitizing cancer cells to apoptosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments have investigated whether GO nanomaterials show any toxicity in major body organs, such as the brain, liver, spleen, and heart. Molecular pathways, such as ATG, MAPK, JNK, and Akt, can be regulated by GO nanomaterials, leading to effects on autophagy and apoptosis. These topics are discussed in this review to shed some lights towards the biomedical potential of GO nanoparticles and their biocompatibility, paving the way for their future application in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Taheriazam
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Gholamiyan Yousef Abad
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Hajimazdarany
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Imani
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e kord Branch, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran
| | - Setayesh Ziaolhagh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Arad Zandieh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa; Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Vice President at Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc., 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey; ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Romina Rajabi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Mumtaz S, Ali S, Pervaiz A, Qureshi MZ, Kanwal K, Saleem T. Apoptotic and antiproliferative effects of silk protein sericin conjugated-AgNO 3 nanoparticles in human breast cancer cells. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103551. [PMID: 36654683 PMCID: PMC9841286 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bombyx mori silk sericin is a globular-like protein that is used as an antioxidant, antibacterial, and antitumor agent. In this current research, we isolated sericin by degumming process and formation of sericin-AgNO3 NPs confirmed by UV-vis spectra, SEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD patterns. The sericin and sericin-AgNO3 NPs mediated changes in human breast cancer cells were determined. The antiproliferative activity of sericin-AgNO3 NPs was analyzed by MTT dye reduction assay. Alterations at molecular levels were investigated by qRT-PCR, while apoptotic effects were studied by nuclear DNA staining. After 72 h treatment, sericin and sericin-AgNO3 NPs showed significant antiproliferative effects in MDA-MB-231 (26 %) and MCF-7 (41 %) cells. Expression modification showed prominent stimulation of cell cycle arrest and stress related genes such as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKN1A, CDKN1B), and GADD family genes. RT-PCR results of the GADD family include GADD45A, B, G, 34, 153 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKN1A, 1B) showed pronounced induction of 3.1 to 19.8-folds in MCF-7 cell line while induction in MDA-MB-231 cell line was 2.5 to 34.3-folds. Nuclear DAPI staining showed significant induction of apoptosis and nuclear fragmentation in MDA-MB-231 cells at a concentration of 1 mg/mL for both sericin and sericin-AgNO3 NPs. Meanwhile, in case of MCF-7 cells, after treatment with sericin and sericin-AgNO3 NPs (1 mg/mL), the cells changed into a round shape and lost their original spindle outlook in dose-dependent manners. We concluded that sericin-AgNO3 NPs have significant antiproliferative, apoptosis, and genetic profiling effects in both breast cancer cell lines at the highest concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaira Mumtaz
- Medical Toxicology and Entomology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Kechary Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Medical Toxicology and Entomology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Kechary Road Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
- Corresponding author at: Medical Toxicology and Entomology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Kechary Road 1, Lahore, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Asim Pervaiz
- Institute of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, Khayaban-e-Jamia Punjab, Lahore-54600, University of Health Sciences Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahid Qureshi
- Deanship of Educational Services, Department of Biochemistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Al Qassim, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kinzah Kanwal
- Institute of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, Khayaban-e-Jamia Punjab, Lahore-54600, University of Health Sciences Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Talha Saleem
- Institute of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, Khayaban-e-Jamia Punjab, Lahore-54600, University of Health Sciences Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Superior University, Lahore, Pakistan
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Wani AK, Akhtar N, Mir TUG, Singh R, Jha PK, Mallik SK, Sinha S, Tripathi SK, Jain A, Jha A, Devkota HP, Prakash A. Targeting Apoptotic Pathway of Cancer Cells with Phytochemicals and Plant-Based Nanomaterials. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020194. [PMID: 36830564 PMCID: PMC9953589 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is the elimination of functionally non-essential, neoplastic, and infected cells via the mitochondrial pathway or death receptor pathway. The process of apoptosis is highly regulated through membrane channels and apoptogenic proteins. Apoptosis maintains cellular balance within the human body through cell cycle progression. Loss of apoptosis control prolongs cancer cell survival and allows the accumulation of mutations that can promote angiogenesis, promote cell proliferation, disrupt differentiation, and increase invasiveness during tumor progression. The apoptotic pathway has been extensively studied as a potential drug target in cancer treatment. However, the off-target activities of drugs and negative implications have been a matter of concern over the years. Phytochemicals (PCs) have been studied for their efficacy in various cancer cell lines individually and synergistically. The development of nanoparticles (NPs) through green synthesis has added a new dimension to the advancement of plant-based nanomaterials for effective cancer treatment. This review provides a detailed insight into the fundamental molecular pathways of programmed cell death and highlights the role of PCs along with the existing drugs and plant-based NPs in treating cancer by targeting its programmed cell death (PCD) network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Khurshid Wani
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Nahid Akhtar
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Tahir ul Gani Mir
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Rattandeep Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Prakash Kumar Jha
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Shyam Kumar Mallik
- College of Medical and Allied Sciences, Purbanchal University, Morang 56600, Nepal
| | - Shruti Sinha
- UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Surya Kant Tripathi
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Abha Jain
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Aprajita Jha
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
- Headquarters for Admissions and Education, Kumamoto University, Kurokami, 2-39-1, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Pharmacy Program, Gandaki University, Pokhara 33700, Nepal
- Correspondence: (H.P.D.); (A.P.)
| | - Ajit Prakash
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Correspondence: (H.P.D.); (A.P.)
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Silver Nanoparticles Phytofabricated through Azadirachta indica: Anticancer, Apoptotic, and Wound-Healing Properties. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12010121. [PMID: 36671322 PMCID: PMC9855199 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have unlocked numerous novel disciplines in nanobiotechnological protocols due to their larger surface area-to-volume ratios, which are attributed to the marked reactivity of nanosilver, and due to their extremely small size, which enables AgNPs to enter cells, interact with organelles, and yield distinct biological effects. AgNPs are capable of bypassing immune cells, staying in the system for longer periods and with a higher distribution, reaching target tissues at higher concentrations, avoiding diffusion to adjacent tissues, releasing therapeutic agents or drugs for specific stimuli to achieve a longer duration at a specific rate, and yielding desired effects. The phytofabrication of AgNPs is a cost-effective, one-step, environmentally friendly, and easy method that harnesses sustainable resources and naturally available components of plant extracts (PEs). In addition, it processes various catalytic activities for the degradation of various organic pollutants. For the phytofabrication of AgNPs, plant products can be used in a multifunctional manner as a reducing agent, a stabilizing agent, and a functionalizing agent. In addition, they can be used to curtail the requirements for any additional stabilizing agents and to help the reaction stages subside. Azadirachta indica, a very common and prominent medicinal plant grown throughout the Indian subcontinent, possesses free radical scavenging and other pharmaceutical properties via the regulation of proinflammatory enzymes, such as COX and TOX. It also demonstrates anticancer activities through cell-signaling pathways, modulating tumor-suppressing genes such as p53 and pTEN, transcriptional factors, angiogenesis, and apoptosis via bcl2 and bax. In addition, it possesses antibacterial activities. Phytofabricated AgNPs have been applied in the areas of drug delivery, bioimaging, biosensing, cancer treatment, cosmetics, and cell biology. Such pharmaceutical and biological activities of phytofabricated AgNPs are attributed to more than 300 phytochemicals found in Azadirachta indica, and are especially abundant in flavonoids, polyphenols, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, limonoids, tannins, coumarin, nimbolide, azadirachtin, azadirone, azadiradione, and gedunin. Parts of Azadirachta indica, including the leaves in various forms, have been used for wound healing or as a repellent. This study was aimed at examining previously biosynthesized (from Azadirachta indica) AgNPs for anticancer, wound-healing, and antimicrobial actions (through MTT reduction assay, scratch assay, and microbroth dilution methods, respectively). Additionally, apoptosis in cancer cells and the antibiofilm capabilities of AgNPs were examined through caspase-3 expression, dentine block, and crystal violet methods. We found that biogenic silver nanoparticles are capable of inducing cytotoxicity in HCT-116 colon carcinoma cells (IC50 of 744.23 µg/mL, R2: 0.94), but are ineffective against MCF-7 breast cancer cells (IC50 >> 1000 µg/mL, R2: 0.86). AgNPs (IC50 value) induced a significant increase in caspase-3 expression (a 1.5-fold increase) in HCT-116, as compared with control cells. FITC-MFI was 1936 in HCT-116-treated cells, as compared to being 4551 in cisplatin and 1297 in untreated cells. AgNPs (6.26 µg/mL and 62.5 µg/mL) induced the cellular migration (40.2% and 33.23%, respectively) of V79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts; however, the improvement in wound healing was not significant as it was for the controls. AgNPs (MIC of 10 µg/mL) were very effective against MDR Enterococcus faecalis in the planktonic mode as well as in the biofilm mode. AgNPs (10 µg/mL and 320 µg/mL) reduced the E. faecalis biofilm by >50% and >80%, respectively. Natural products, such as Syzygium aromaticum (clove) oil (MIC of 312.5 µg/mL) and eugenol (MIC of 625 µg/mL), showed significant antimicrobial effects against A. indica. Our findings indicate that A. indica-functionalized AgNPs are effective against cancer cells and can induce apoptosis in HCT-116 colon carcinoma cells; however, the anticancer properties of AgNPs can also be upgraded through active targeting (functionalized with enzymes, antibiotics, photosensitizers, or antibodies) in immunotherapy, photothermal therapy, and photodynamic therapy. Our findings also suggest that functionalized AgNPs could be pivotal in the development of a novel, non-cytotoxic, biocompatible therapeutic agent for infected chronic wounds, ulcers, and skin lesions involving MDR pathogens via their incorporation into scaffolds, composites, patches, microgels, or formulations for microneedles, dressings, bandages, gels, or other drug-delivery systems.
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Anwar I, Ashfaq UA. Impact of Nanotechnology on Differentiation and Augmentation of Stem Cells for Liver Therapy. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2023; 40:89-116. [PMID: 37585310 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2023042400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The liver is one of the crucial organs of the body that performs hundreds of chemical reactions needed by the body to survive. It is also the largest gland of the body. The liver has multiple functions, including the synthesis of chemicals, metabolism of nutrients, and removal of toxins. It also acts as a storage unit. The liver has a unique ability to regenerate itself, but it can lead to permanent damage if the injury is beyond recovery. The only possible treatment of severe liver damage is liver transplant which is a costly procedure and has several other drawbacks. Therefore, attention has been shifted towards the use of stem cells that have shown the ability to differentiate into hepatocytes. Among the numerous kinds of stem cells (SCs), the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most famous. Various studies suggest that an MSC transplant can repair liver function, improve the signs and symptoms, and increase the chances of survival. This review discusses the impact of combining stem cell therapy with nanotechnology. By integrating stem cell science and nanotechnology, the information about stem cell differentiation and regulation will increase, resulting in a better comprehension of stem cell-based treatment strategies. The augmentation of SCs with nanoparticles has been shown to boost the effect of stem cell-based therapy. Also, the function of green nanoparticles in liver therapies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifrah Anwar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Skóra B, Matuszewska P, Masicz M, Sikora K, Słomczewska M, Sołtysek P, Szychowski KA. Crosstalk between the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) as a key factor in the metabolism of silver nanoparticles in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 458:116339. [PMID: 36473513 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The potential usefulness of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in anticancer therapy has been postulated for many years. However, little is known to date about the exact impact of such NPs on intracellular detoxication pathways. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the impact of AgNPs on the AhR-PPARγ-CYP1A1 pathway in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. The obtained results showed a decrease in the metabolic activity of the SH-SY5Y cells at the 50 and 100 μg/mL concentrations with an increase in caspase-3 activity. An increase in the intercellular ROS production was observed at the 1 and 10 μg/mL concentrations. The co-treatment of the AgNP-treated cells with the AhR and PPARγ inhibitors abolished the effect of the tested AgNPs in the SH-SY5Y cells. In turn, the CYP1A1 activity assay showed a decrease in this parameter in the AgNP-treated cells. Moreover, the gene expression analysis demonstrated that AgNPs were able to increase the AhR and CYP1A1 mRNA expression and decrease the PPARγ gene expression after the 6-h treatment. In turn, an increase in the AhR and PPARγ protein expression was observed after 24 h. Summarizing, the study shows for the first time that AgNPs with a 5-nm diameter size are able to exert a cytotoxic effect on SH-SH5Y cells in a ROS-dependent manner affect the AhR-PPARγ-CYP1A1 pathway inter alia by inhibiting the activity of CYP1A1. This is important due to given present research approaches using such NPs as enhancer agents in the modern PPARγ inhibitor-based anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Skóra
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Paulina Matuszewska
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Martyna Masicz
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Karolina Sikora
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Magnolia Słomczewska
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Paulina Sołtysek
- Medical Biotechnology Student's Science Group "Helisa", Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Konrad A Szychowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management, St. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
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Alyami NM, Alyami HM, Almeer R. Using green biosynthesized kaempferol-coated sliver nanoparticles to inhibit cancer cells growth: an in vitro study using hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2). Cancer Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s12645-022-00132-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe ongoing loss of human life owing to various forms of cancer necessitates the development of a more effective/honorable therapeutic approach. Moreover, finding a novel green-synthesized anti-cancer therapy is vital because of the induced drug resistance against the commonly used drugs. Collecting the advantage of the nanometer size of nanoparticles with the biosafety of plant-based substances might potentiate the anticancer effect with minimal toxic effect. In the current study, we aimed to green-synthesize using kaempferol (flavonoid) as a coating the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and investigated their anti-cancer activity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. First of all, kaempferol-coated AgNPs characters were well-defined using Fourier transmission infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), zetasizer, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed their 200 nm size, spherical shape, less aggregation with high stability characteristics. Then, the cytotoxic effect of both 1/3 and 1/2 LC50 of AgNPs, and doxorubicin (DOX, anticancer drug) on HepG2 cells was evaluated by dimethylthiazolyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage percent. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptotic markers were also analyzed, along with the migration and invasion of HepG2 cells were recorded. Our findings showed that kaempferol-coated AgNPs could induce cytotoxic effects and reduce the viability of HepG2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. LDH leakage % was significantly increased in cells treated with kaempferol-coated AgNPs confirming their cytotoxic effect. ROS generation and lipid peroxidation could significantly increase in HepG2 cells treated with kaempferol-coated AgNPs along with the exhaustion of antioxidant Glutathione (GSH) marker revealing the induced oxidative damage. Oxidative damage-mediated apoptosis was confirmed by the elevated levels of the pro-apoptotic markers (Bax, Cyt-c, P53, and caspase-3) and the reduced level of anti-apoptotic marker (Bcl-2) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, kaempferol-coated AgNPs could suppress the migrating and invading ability of HepG2 cells showing their antimetastatic effect. To end up, kaempferol-coated AgNPs can induce a potential anti-cancer effect in HepG2 cells via oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis.
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Sampath G, Chen YY, Rameshkumar N, Krishnan M, Nagarajan K, Shyu DJH. Biologically Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles and Their Diverse Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12183126. [PMID: 36144915 PMCID: PMC9500900 DOI: 10.3390/nano12183126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has become the most effective and rapidly developing field in the area of material science, and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are of leading interest because of their smaller size, larger surface area, and multiple applications. The use of plant sources as reducing agents in the fabrication of silver nanoparticles is most attractive due to the cheaper and less time-consuming process for synthesis. Furthermore, the tremendous attention of AgNPs in scientific fields is due to their multiple biomedical applications such as antibacterial, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities, and they could be used for clean environment applications. In this review, we briefly describe the types of nanoparticle syntheses and various applications of AgNPs, including antibacterial, anticancer, and larvicidal applications and photocatalytic dye degradation. It will be helpful to the extent of a better understanding of the studies of biological synthesis of AgNPs and their multiple uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gattu Sampath
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem 636011, India
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Yih-Yuan Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 600355, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Kayalvizhi Nagarajan
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem 636011, India
- Correspondence: (K.N.); (D.J.H.S.); Tel.: +886-8-7703202 (ext. 6367) (D.J.H.S.)
| | - Douglas J. H. Shyu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.N.); (D.J.H.S.); Tel.: +886-8-7703202 (ext. 6367) (D.J.H.S.)
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Hosseinpour L, Baharara J, Zaker Bostanabad S, Darroudi M. Plant-based synthesis of Selenium nanoparticles using Cordia myxa fruit extract and evaluation of their cytotoxicity effects. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.110030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Du L, Zhang R, Zhao L, Tang S, Hou Z, Xue P. Comparing the Anticancer Activities of Green-Synthesized Ginsenoside and Transformed Ginsenoside Nanoconjugates (Ag, Au, and Pt). J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Aim: To assess the anticancer activity of nanoparticles synthesized via a green method using American ginseng (AG). Methods: Stem-leaf saponins from AG (SAG) and heat-transformed stem-leaf saponins from AG (TSAG) were used to synthesize different SAG nanoparticles (SAG-NPs)
and TSAG nanoparticles (TSAG-NPs). The NPs were characterized, and their anticancer activity was assessed in vitro. Results: The NPs, which differed in size (16.69 nm∼253.8 nm), were spherical or polyhedral with a low PDI and good stability. The TSAG-NPs inhibited cancer
cells by inhibiting proliferation, promoting cancer cell apoptosis and directly leading cancer cells to necrosis. The small cell lung cancer cell line (SCLC) NCI-H446 was the most sensitive to the TSAG-AgNPs, with an IC50 value of 20.71±2.38 μg/mL, and the TSAG-AgNPs
inhibited invasiveness and reduced the risk of metastasis. Conclusion: TSAG-AgNPs, selected from many SAG-NPs and TSAG-NPs, are sensitive to SCLC and provide a new approach to the currently limited treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Du
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaojian Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaohua Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Xue
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, People’s Republic of China
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Green synthesis and anticancer activity of silver nanoparticles prepared using fruit extract of Azadirachta indica. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Salem SS, Hashem AH, Sallam AAM, Doghish AS, Al-Askar AA, Arishi AA, Shehabeldine AM. Synthesis of Silver Nanocomposite Based on Carboxymethyl Cellulose: Antibacterial, Antifungal and Anticancer Activities. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163352. [PMID: 36015608 PMCID: PMC9412901 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional cancer treatments include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. According to medical sources, chemotherapy is still the primary method for curing or treating cancer today and has been a major contributor to the recent decline in cancer mortality. Nanocomposites based on polymers and metal nanoparticles have recently received the attention of researchers. In the current study, a nanocomposite was fabricated based on carboxymethyl cellulose and silver nanoparticles (CMC-AgNPs) and their antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities were evaluated. The antibacterial results revealed that CMC-AgNPs have promising antibacterial activity against Gram-negative (Klebsiella oxytoca and Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus). Moreover, CMC-AgNPs exhibited antifungal activity against filamentous fungi such as Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, and A. terreus. Concerning the HepG2 hepatocellular cancer cell line, the lowest IC50 values (7.9 ± 0.41 µg/mL) were recorded for CMC-AgNPs, suggesting a strong cytotoxic effect on liver cancer cells. As a result, our findings suggest that the antitumor effect of these CMC-Ag nanoparticles is due to the induction of apoptosis and necrosis in hepatic cancer cells via increased caspase-8 and -9 activities and diminished levels of VEGFR-2. In conclusion, CMC-AgNPs exhibited antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities, which can be used in the pharmaceutical and medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salem S. Salem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr H. Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.H.H.); (A.S.D.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Al-Aliaa M. Sallam
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S. Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City 11829, Cairo, Egypt
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.H.H.); (A.S.D.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr A. Arishi
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Amr M. Shehabeldine
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.H.H.); (A.S.D.); (A.M.S.)
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Sanati M, Afshari AR, Kesharwani P, Sukhorukov VN, Sahebkar A. Recent trends in the application of nanoparticles in cancer therapy: The involvement of oxidative stress. J Control Release 2022; 348:287-304. [PMID: 35644289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the biomedical area, the interdisciplinary field of nanotechnology has the potential to bring numerous unique applications, including better tactics for cancer detection, diagnosis, and therapy. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been the topic of many research and material applications throughout the last decade. Unlike small-molecule medications, NPs are defined by distinct physicochemical characteristics, such as a large surface-to-volume ratio, which allows them to permeate live cells with relative ease. The versatility of NPs as both therapeutics and diagnostics makes them ideal for a broad spectrum of illnesses, from infectious diseases to cancer. A significant amount of data has been participated in the current scientific publications, emphasizing the concept that NPs often produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to a larger degree than micro-sized particles. It is important to note that oxidative stress governs a wide range of cell signaling cascades, many of which are responsible for cancer cell cytotoxicity. Here, we aimed to provide insight into the signaling pathways triggered by oxidative stress in cancer cells in response to several types of nanomaterials, such as metallic and polymeric NPs and quantum dots. We discuss recent advances in developing integrated anticancer medicines based on NPs targeted to destroy malignant cells by increasing their ROS setpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sanati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Experimental and Animal Study Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Vasily N Sukhorukov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBI "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Moscow, Russia
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Skóra B, Szychowski KA. Molecular mechanism of the uptake and toxicity of EGF-LipoAgNPs in EGFR-overexpressing cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113085. [PMID: 35658239 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is characterized by high reactivity resulting in prooxidative and cytotoxic properties. These effects are observed both in normal and in cancer cells, which overexpress the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). In our previous paper, we have demonstrated that, with the use of liposomes labeled with the Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), it is possible to direct the toxic effect of AgNPs in EGFR-overexpressing cells. Unfortunately, the mechanism of uptake and toxicity induction by such liposomes is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the impact of EGF-LipoAgNPs on certain genes related to endocytosis and toxicity induction by such liposomes in human lung (A549) and tongue (SCC-15) cancer cells. The siRNA knock-out gene method was used in this study to determine the engagement of EGFR in this process. The confocal microscopy study revealed that the number of liposomes in the cytoplasm of the A549EGFR- and SCC-15EGFR- cells was lowered by 51.99 × 103 RFU and 138.50 × 103 RFU, respectively, proving the crucial role of EGFR in the liposome uptake. Moreover, the expression of the SHH and ATM genes was significantly increased, whereas the expression of the NRF2 gene was decreased after the treatment with EGF-LipoAgNPs and native AgNPs. Furthermore, the expression of the CLTC, AP2M1, CAV1, and SH3GLB1 genes indicated that the tested liposomes are uptaken via the clathrin-dependent pathway with engagement of the AP-2 complex and endophilin in this process. Summarizing, the created targeted delivery system of AgNPs causes an increase in the prooxidative and toxic effect of such NPs and has an impact on endocytosis regulatory genes, especially those related to the clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Skóra
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, St. Sucharskiego 2, Rzeszow 35-225, Poland.
| | - Konrad A Szychowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, St. Sucharskiego 2, Rzeszow 35-225, Poland
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Gökşen Tosun N, Kaplan Ö, Imamoğlu R, Türkekul İ, Gökçe İ, Özgür A. Green synthesized silver nanoparticles with mushroom extracts of Paxina leucomelas and Rhizopogon luteolus induce ROS-Induced intrinsic apoptotic pathway in cancer cells. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2022.2081200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazan Gökşen Tosun
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Özlem Kaplan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rizvan Imamoğlu
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Türkekul
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - İsa Gökçe
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Bioengineering, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Aykut Özgür
- Artova Vocational School, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory and Veterinary Health Program, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
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Khalil MA, El-Shanshoury AERR, Alghamdi MA, Sun J, Ali SS. Streptomyces catenulae as a Novel Marine Actinobacterium Mediated Silver Nanoparticles: Characterization, Biological Activities, and Proposed Mechanism of Antibacterial Action. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:833154. [PMID: 35572675 PMCID: PMC9095859 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.833154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (Bio-SNPs) were synthesized from the marine actinobacterium strain Streptomyces catenulae M2 and characterized using a variety of techniques, including UV–vis spectrum, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and zeta potential. The antibacterial activity of Bio-SNPs alone and in combination with antibiotic was evaluated using a microtiter-dilution resazurin assay against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Bio-SNPs’ minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against bacterial strains was determined. To assess the synergistic effect of Bio-SNPs in combination with antibiotics, the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) was calculated. While the safety of Bio-SNPs in biomedical applications is dependent on their use, the in vitro cytotoxicity of Bio-SNPs on normal human epithelial colon cells (NCM460) and human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (CaCo2) were evaluated using the [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assay and cell lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. The presence of Bio-SNPs was revealed by UV–vis spectroscopy, which revealed a peak in the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) spectrum at 439.5 nm. Bio-SNPs were spherical in shape and small in size (average 33 nm by TEM, 58.8 nm by DLS), with good stability (−30 mV) and the presence of capping agents. Bio-SNPs had MIC values ranging from 2 to 64 μg/ml against the bacteria tested. The MIC for P. aeruginosa was the lowest (2 μg/ml). Antibiotics have been shown to have a significant synergistic effect when combined with Bio-SNPs against tested bacteria. Bio-SNPs exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against NCM460 and CaCo2 cancer cells, with the latter exhibiting far greater toxicity than the former. NCM460 and CaCo2 cell viability decreased from 99.3 to 95.7% and 92.3 to 61.8%, respectively, whereas LDH leakage increased from 200 to 215 nmol/ml and 261 to 730 nmol/ml, respectively. The half inhibitory concentrations (IC50) for NCM460 and CaCo2 cancer cells were 79.46 and 10.41 μg/ml and 89.4 and 19.3 μg/ml, respectively. Bio-SNPs were found to be biocompatible and to have anti-inflammatory activity. Bio-SNPs are highly appealing for future nanomedicine applications due to their antibacterial and biocompatible properties and their inherent “green” and simple manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha A Khalil
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Maha A Alghamdi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Sameh S Ali
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.,Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Alkan H, Ciğerci İH, Ali MM, Hazman O, Liman R, Colă F, Bonciu E. Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Evaluation of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Moringa oleifera on MCF-7 and HUVEC Cell Lines. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11101293. [PMID: 35631722 PMCID: PMC9143030 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, green synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) are extensively investigated to explore their biological potential. They are being explored to treat different infectious and cancerous diseases. Therefore, the current study was designed to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from the medicinal plant Moringa oleifera on breast cancer (MCF-7) and HUVEC (human umbilical vein endothelial cells) cell lines. M. oleifera-mediated AgNPs were synthesized from the M. oleifera extract (MOE) and then characterized through the use of a scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV–vis spectrophotometer. Biosynthesized AgNPs and MOE were employed on MCF-7 and HUVEC cell lines to evaluate their cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. More cytotoxic effects were observed by AgNPs and MOE on MCF-7 cell lines. The IC50 for biosynthesized AgNPs was found to be 5 μg/mL. DNA damage was also observed by the MOE and AgNPs on MCF-7 cell lines. However, non-significant DNA damage was observed by MOE and AgNPs on HUVEC cell lines. The findings of the current study revealed the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of biosynthesized AgNPs on MCF-7 cell lines. However, these AgNPs were considered safe for normal HUVEC cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Alkan
- Faculty of Science and Literature, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar 03200, Turkey;
| | - İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci
- Faculty of Science and Literature, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar 03200, Turkey;
- Correspondence: (İ.H.C.); (F.C.); Tel.: +90-5552698600 (İ.H.C.); +40-763813471 (F.C.)
| | - Muhammad Muddassir Ali
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Omer Hazman
- Faculty of Science and Literature, Department of Chemistry, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar 03200, Turkey;
| | - Recep Liman
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Uşak University, 1 Eylül Campus, Uşak 64300, Turkey;
| | - Florica Colă
- Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Agricultural and Forestry Technology, University of Craiova, 13 A.I. Cuza Street, 200585 Craiova, Romania;
- Correspondence: (İ.H.C.); (F.C.); Tel.: +90-5552698600 (İ.H.C.); +40-763813471 (F.C.)
| | - Elena Bonciu
- Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Agricultural and Forestry Technology, University of Craiova, 13 A.I. Cuza Street, 200585 Craiova, Romania;
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Mirzaie A, Badmasti F, Dibah H, Hajrasouliha S, Yousefi F, Andalibi R, Kashtali AB, Rezaei AH, Bakhtiatri R. Phyto-Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using Typha azerbaijanensis Aerial Part and Root Extracts. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 51:1097-1106. [PMID: 36407723 PMCID: PMC9643224 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v51i5.9425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were phyto-synthesized using Typha azerbaijanensis aerial part and root extracts, and their biological activities were investigated. METHODS This study was conducted in the Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran in 2019. In this experimental study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were phyto-synthesized and the physicochemical properties of AgNPs were determined using UV-Vis (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Antibacterial and anticancer activity of synthesized AgNPs was determined using microdilution assay, and MTT 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) methods, respectively. The apoptotic effects of AgNPs were investigated using Real-Time PCR and flow cytometry techniques. RESULTS Morphological analysis of the synthesized AgNPs confirmed the spherical shape of AgNPs with an average size of 10.67 to 16.69 nm. The FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of phytochemicals from T. azerbayenensis extract at the AgNP surface. Antibacterial experiments showed that phyto-fabricated AgNPs had significant antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. The AgNPs were significantly cytotoxic against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) through induction of apoptosis. CONCLUSION The phyto-synthesized AgNPs had biological activities could be useful in pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mirzaie
- Department of Biology, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran
| | - Farzad Badmasti
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedieh Dibah
- Department of Biology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
| | - Shadi Hajrasouliha
- Department of Biology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yousefi
- Department of Biology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
| | - Romina Andalibi
- Department of Biology, Medical Science Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Rezaei
- Department of Research and Development, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ronak Bakhtiatri
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Li J, Ma J, Zhou L, Huang S, Sun J, Chen L, Lu Z. Green Synthesized Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Rhizome Extract of Curcuma longa Mitigate the Proliferation of Human U87 Glioblastoma Cells by Regulation of the Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The low biocompatibility of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) is a main concern in their wide applications in the biomedical field. Therefore, the green synthesis of NPs from plant extracts can provide safe NPs for biomedical applications. The present study was aimed to assess the anticancer
activity of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) NPs fabricated using aqueous plant extracts from the rhizome of Curcuma longa (C. longa). Characterization of green Bi2O3 NPs was done using TEM, DLS, and X-ray diffraction analyses. Selective anticancer
activity of green Bi2O3 NPs against human glioblastoma (U87) cells was assessed using MTT, GSH, MDA, ROS, apoptosis, and caspase-3 assays. Also, qPCR analysis was done to explore the expression of β-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-myc at mRNA level as the important
genes of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The results showed that the green Bi2O3 NPs have a crystalline nature with a size of around 30 nm with good colloidal stability attributed to potential bio-fabrication of Bi2O3 NPs. Cellular
study indicated that green Bi2O3 NPs triggered selective anticancer activity against U87 cells through reduction of GSH level and increase of MDA level, ROS level, Annexin+ cells, and caspase-3 activity. Also, it was found that IC50 concentration
of biosynthesized Bi2O3 NPs (20 μg/mL) resulted in a significant downregulation in the expression of β-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-myc genes involved in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This study concludes that green Bi2O3
NPs bio-fabricated from rhizome of C. longa show potential selective anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 20040, China
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 20040, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 20040, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 20040, China
| | - Jiahua Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 20040, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 20040, China
| | - Zhengrong Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 20040, China
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Katifelis H, Nikou MP, Mukha I, Vityuk N, Lagopati N, Piperi C, Farooqi AA, Pippa N, Efstathopoulos EP, Gazouli M. Ag/Au Bimetallic Nanoparticles Trigger Different Cell Death Pathways and Affect Damage Associated Molecular Pattern Release in Human Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061546. [PMID: 35326698 PMCID: PMC8946808 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Apoptosis is the goal of several therapeutic strategies for cancer. However, the apoptotic pathway is not always functional in many cancers and thus, alternative ways to destroy cancer cells are required. In this context, we investigated whether nanoparticles composed of a gold and silver alloy (AgAu NPs) can induce other programmed cell death pathways. These include necroptosis and pyroptosis, while their effects on the release of molecules that serve as danger signals, the damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) were also investigated. Our findings suggest that MDA-MB-231 cells, one of the cancer cell lines tested, experience mixed cell death (several cell death pathways are activated), while a second cell line, HCT116 cells, releases DAMPS. This is important, since necroptosis and pyroptosis have promising anticancer effects, while DAMPs trigger inflammation and current knowledge suggests a rather beneficial role in cancer. Abstract Apoptosis induction is a common therapeutic approach. However, many cancer cells are resistant to apoptotic death and alternative cell death pathways including pyroptosis and necroptosis need to be triggered. At the same time, danger signals that include HMGB1 and HSP70 can be secreted/released by damaged cancer cells that boost antitumor immunity. We studied the cytotoxic effects of AgAu NPs, Ag NPs and Au NPs with regard to the programmed cell death (apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis) and the secretion/release of HSP70 and HMGB1. Cancer cell lines were incubated with 30, 40 and 50 μg/mL of AgAu NPs, Ag NPs and Au NPs. Cytotoxicity was estimated using the MTS assay, and mRNA fold change of CASP1, CASP3, BCL-2, ZPB1, HMGB1, HSP70, CXCL8, CSF1, CCL20, NLRP3, IL-1β and IL-18 was used to investigate the associated programmed cell death. Extracellular levels of HMGB1 and IL-1β were investigated using the ELISA technique. The nanoparticles showed a dose dependent toxicity. Pyroptosis was triggered for LNCaP and MDA-MB-231 cells, and necroptosis for MDA-MB-231 cells. HCT116 cells experience apoptotic death and show increased levels of extracellular HMGB1. Our results suggest that in a manner dependent of the cellular microenvironment, AgAu NPs trigger mixed programmed cell death in P53 deficient MDA-MB-231 cells, while they also trigger IL-1β release in MDA-MB-231 and LNCaP cells and release of HMGB1 in HCT116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Katifelis
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Paraskevi Nikou
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Iuliia Mukha
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 01030 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nadiia Vityuk
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 01030 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Piperi
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Natassa Pippa
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios P Efstathopoulos
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical Physics Unit, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece
- School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patra, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical Physics Unit, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece
- School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patra, Greece
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Khalil MA, El-Shanshoury AERR, Alghamdi MA, Alsalmi FA, Mohamed SF, Sun J, Ali SS. Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Marine Actinobacterium Nocardiopsis dassonvillei and Exploring Their Therapeutic Potentials. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:705673. [PMID: 35211096 PMCID: PMC8862148 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.705673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles have recently emerged as a popular research topic. Because of their potential applications in therapeutic applications, biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (Bio-AgNPs) have gained much attention in recent years. Cell-free extracts (CFE) from a marine culture of actinobacteria and silver nitrate were used to reduce Ag+ ions and create Bio-AgNPs. Nocardiopsis dasonvillei KY772427, a new silver-tolerant actinomycete strain, was isolated from marine water and used to synthesize AgNPs. In order to characterize Bio-AgNPs, UV-Vis spectral analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering spectroscopy (DLS) were all utilized. Using UV-Vis spectroscopy, a peak in the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectrum at 430 nm revealed the presence of Bio-AgNPs. The TEM revealed spherical AgNPs with a diameter of 29.28 nm. DLS determined that Bio-AgNPs have a diameter of 56.1 nm and a negative surface charge (-1.46 mV). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Bio-AgNPs was determined against microbial strains. Using resazurin-based microtiter dilution, the synergistic effect of Bio-AgNPs with antimicrobials was investigated. Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the lowest MIC of Bio-AgNPs (4 μg/ml). Surprisingly, the combination of antimicrobials and Bio-AgNPs had a significant synergistic effect on the tested strains. The insecticidal activity of Bio-AgNPs (200 μg/ml) against Macrosiphum rosae was found to be maximal after 36 h. Additionally, Bio-AgNPs demonstrated significant scavenging activity against 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl (OH - ) radicals, with IC 50 values of 4.08 and 8.9 g/ml, respectively. In vitro studies using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay revealed a concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability when CaCo2 cells were exposed to Bio-AgNPs. With the decrease in cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase leakage (LDH) increased. The findings of this study open up a new avenue for the use of marine Nocardiopsis dasonvillei to produce Bio-AgNPs, which have significant antimicrobial, antioxidant, insecticidal, and anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha A. Khalil
- Biology Department, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | | | - Maha A. Alghamdi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain
| | - Fatin A. Alsalmi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samia F. Mohamed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Animal Health Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Sameh S. Ali
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Majeed M, Hakeem KR, Rehman RU. Synergistic effect of plant extract coupled silver nanoparticles in various therapeutic applications- present insights and bottlenecks. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132527. [PMID: 34637861 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The phytocomponent conjugated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been extensively explored for various therapeutic applications such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and anticoagulant effects. The bio-conjugation of Ag-based nanomaterial with plant extracts reduces their toxicity to biological systems and enhances their therapeutic effectiveness. The diversity of phytochemicals or capping agents provided by the plant extracts and the small size and large surface area of AgNPs permits maximum adsorption of these capping agents onto their surfaces that further promote the therapeutic performance of phytoconjugated AgNPs in various biomedical applications. The mechanistic action involved in antimicrobial and anticancer functions of AgNPs is mainly dependent on the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in cellular apoptosis and necrosis. This review summarizes the recent studies of various plant extract assisted synthesis of AgNPs, potential biomedical applications with the possible mechanism of action and major shortcomings affecting their therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahak Majeed
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Princess Dr Najla Bint Saud Al- Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Reiaz Ul Rehman
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.
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Kovács D, Igaz N, Gopisetty MK, Kiricsi M. Cancer Therapy by Silver Nanoparticles: Fiction or Reality? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020839. [PMID: 35055024 PMCID: PMC8777983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As an emerging new class, metal nanoparticles and especially silver nanoparticles hold great potential in the field of cancer biology. Due to cancer-specific targeting, the consequently attenuated side-effects and the massive anti-cancer features render nanoparticle therapeutics desirable platforms for clinically relevant drug development. In this review, we highlight those characteristics of silver nanoparticle-based therapeutic concepts that are unique, exploitable, and achievable, as well as those that represent the critical hurdle in their advancement to clinical utilization. The collection of findings presented here will describe the features that distinguish silver nanoparticles from other anti-cancer agents and display the realistic opportunities and implications in oncotherapeutic innovations to find out whether cancer therapy by silver nanoparticles is fiction or reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (D.K.); (N.I.); (M.K.G.)
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d’Azur, 660 Route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Nóra Igaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (D.K.); (N.I.); (M.K.G.)
| | - Mohana K. Gopisetty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (D.K.); (N.I.); (M.K.G.)
- Interdisciplinary Center of Excellence, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla Tér 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mónika Kiricsi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (D.K.); (N.I.); (M.K.G.)
- Correspondence: or
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Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Liver Carcinoma Cells Induced by Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Schinus molle Extract. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12010161. [PMID: 35010111 PMCID: PMC8746381 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy and is ranked as the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Schinus molle (S. mole) L. is an important medicinal plant that contains many bioactive compounds with pharmacological properties. The role of S. molle leaf extract in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was determined. The biosynthesized AgNPs were thoroughly characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effect of the biosynthesized AgNPs using S. molle (SMAgNPs) against HepG2 liver cancer cells was investigated. Reactive oxygen species generation, apoptosis induction, DNA damage, and autophagy activity were analyzed. The results clearly showed that the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 by significantly (p < 0.05) inducing oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, DNA damage, apoptosis, and autophagy in a dose- and time-dependent manner. These findings may encourage integrating the potential of natural products and the efficiency of silver nanoparticles for the fabrication of safe, environmentally friendly, and effective anticancer agents.
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Vasil'kov A, Batsalova T, Dzhambazov B, Naumkin A. XPS study of silver and copper nanoparticles demonstrated selective anticancer, proapoptotic, and antibacterial properties. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.7038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Vasil'kov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
| | - Tsvetelina Batsalova
- Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology Plovdiv University Plovdiv Bulgaria
| | - Balik Dzhambazov
- Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology Plovdiv University Plovdiv Bulgaria
| | - Alexander Naumkin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
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Li J, Chang X, Shang M, Niu S, Zhang W, Li Y, Sun Z, Wu T, Kong L, Zhang T, Tang M, Xue Y. The crosstalk between DRP1-dependent mitochondrial fission and oxidative stress triggers hepatocyte apoptosis induced by silver nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:12356-12369. [PMID: 34254625 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02153b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed that the liver is the main target organ of deposition for engineered nanoparticles. The hepatotoxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), the widely used antimicrobial nanoparticles, has been of great interest. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism of the mitochondria in AgNP-induced hepatotoxicity. In the present study, we found that AgNPs, rather than silver ions, induced mitochondrial dynamics disorders, oxidative stress, and mitochondria-dependent hepatocyte apoptosis in mice. Using human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells, we confirmed that the interaction between dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1)-dependent mitochondrial fission and oxidative stress promoted mitochondrial damage and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis induced by AgNPs, as determined by the elimination of DRP1 or addition of N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Interestingly, the crosstalk between DRP1-dependent mitochondrial fission and oxidative stress also activated mitophagy and autophagy flux blocking. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) gene silencing contributed to the aggravation of mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. These results revealed that the interplay between mitochondrial fission and oxidative stress induced mitophagy defects and triggered AgNP-induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in liver cells both in vivo and in vitro. Our findings provide a perspective for the mechanism of hepatotoxicity induced by exposure to metal NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Anvar AA, Ahari H, Ataee M. Antimicrobial Properties of Food Nanopackaging: A New Focus on Foodborne Pathogens. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:690706. [PMID: 34322104 PMCID: PMC8312271 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.690706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Food products contaminated by foodborne pathogens (bacteria, parasites, and viruses) cause foodborne diseases. Today, great efforts are being allocated to the development of novel and effective agents against food pathogenic microorganisms. These efforts even might have a possible future effect in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Nanotechnology introduces a novel food packaging technology that creates and uses nanomaterials with novel physiochemical and antimicrobial properties. It could utilize preservatives and antimicrobials to extend the food shelf life within the package. Utilizing the antimicrobial nanomaterials into food packaging compounds typically involves incorporation of antimicrobial inorganic nanoparticles such as metals [Silver (Ag), Copper (Cu), Gold (Au)], and metal oxides [Titanium dioxide (TiO2), Silicon oxide (SiO2), Zinc oxide (ZnO)]. Alternatively, intelligent food packaging has been explored for recognition of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. This review paper focused on antimicrobial aspects of nanopackaging and presented an overview of antibacterial properties of inorganic nanoparticles. This article also provides information on food safety during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ali Anvar
- Department of Food Hygiene, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Ahari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Ataee
- Department of Food Hygiene, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Katarzyńska-Banasik D, Kozubek A, Grzesiak M, Sechman A. Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Proliferation and Apoptosis in Granulosa Cells of Chicken Preovulatory Follicles: An In Vitro Study. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061652. [PMID: 34199406 PMCID: PMC8229578 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuous development of poultry production related to the growing demand for eggs and chicken meat makes it necessary to use modern technologies. An answer to this demand may be the use of nanotechnology in poultry farming. One of the promising nanomaterials in this field are silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which are used as disinfectants, reducing microbial pollution and the amounts of greenhouse gases released. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of AgNPs on the proliferation and apoptosis process in the granulosa cells of chicken preovulatory follicles. The in vitro culture experiment revealed that both 13 nm and 50 nm AgNPs inhibited the proliferation of the granulosa cells. However, a faster action was observed in 50 nm AgNPs than in 13 nm ones. A size-dependent effect of AgNP was also demonstrated for the caspase-3 activity. AgNPs 13 nm in size increased the caspase-3 activity in granulosa cells, while 50 nm AgNPs did not exert an effect, which may indicate the induction of distinct cell death pathways by AgNPs. In conclusion, our study reveals that AgNPs in vitro inhibit granulosa cell proliferation and stimulate their apoptosis. These results suggest that AgNPs may disrupt the final stage of preovulatory follicle maturation and ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Katarzyńska-Banasik
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-12-633-38-24; Fax: +48-12-662-41-07
| | - Anna Kozubek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Grzesiak
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Sechman
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (A.K.); (A.S.)
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Devanesan S, AlSalhi MS. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Flower Extract of Abelmoschus esculentus for Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Studies. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:3343-3356. [PMID: 34017172 PMCID: PMC8131074 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s307676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench, an economically important malvaceous vegetable crop popularly known as okra, is used in various culinary preparations and is rich in vitamins, minerals, and nutrients. The biological properties of okra flowers in relation to nanoparticle synthesis have not yet been reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the current study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using extracts of the flowers of A. esculentus. The characteristics of the AgNPs were studied using a UV-vis spectrometer, Fourier transmission infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX). Antibacterial activity screening was performed using the agar well diffusion method, and cytotoxicity and cell viability studies were conducted using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS The synthesized AgNPs were spherical and ranged in size from 5.52 to 31.96 nm, with an average size of 16.19 nm, as determined by UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, TEM and EDX. A. esculentus flower extract-mediated silver nanoparticles (AME-AgNPs) exhibited excellent activities in vitro studies, particularly in vitro cytotoxic and antiproliferative studies against cancer cell lines, such as the TERT-4 and A-549 cell lines. The antibacterial effects on the Gram-positive pathogens Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus pyogenes and the Gram-negative pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella typhimurium and Shigella sonnei were tested. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values varied with the bacterial strain. The IC50 values of the synthesized NPs for the tested cell lines were close to that of a standard drug. CONCLUSION Compared to other NPs the NPs synthesized in this study were smaller in size and exhibited a higher level of antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity and apoptosis at minimal concentrations, and this is the first study on okra flower-induced anticancer and antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhanasamy Devanesan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad S AlSalhi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Potential anticancer activities of Rhus coriaria (sumac) extract against human cancer cell lines. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228452. [PMID: 33891003 PMCID: PMC8112848 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20204384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic strategies of plant origin are a better choice as both dietary plant products or its isolated active constituents against the development and progression of cancer. The present study aims to evaluate the anticancer activity of sumac (Rhus coriaria) against different human cancer MCF-7, PC-3, and SKOV3 cell lines. In addition, the study tries to explore a prospective mechanism of action, assessment of in vitro enzyme-inhibitory capacity of sumac extract against hCA I, II, IX, and XII. In the present study, the potential antitumor effects of sumac (Rhus coriaria) were explored in the human cancer cell lines; MCF-7, PC-3, and SKOV3 using in vitro assays. Apoptotic, cell survival, ELISA immunoassays were also conducted to reveal the inhibitory effects of sumac extract against hCA I, II, IX, and XII. In addition, both Clioquinol and Acetazolamide (AZM) were used as standards to explore the in vitro enzyme-inhibitory capacity of sumac extract against hCA I, II, IX, and XII. The hydro-alcoholic extract of R. coriaria (Sumac) was subjected to phytochemical analysis using GC/MS assays. Sumac at non-cytotoxic doses of 50 and 100 µM significantly modulates the growth of the MCF-7, PC-3, and SKOV3 cancer cells with a higher inhibitory effect and selectivity to carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms; hCA I, II, hCA IX, and XII. The data showed that sumac at doses of 50 and 100 µM significantly inhibited the growth, proliferation, and viability of cancer cells by activating the apoptotic process via caspase-3 overexpression and the regulation of Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic protein.
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Sangour MH, Ali IM, Atwan ZW, Al Ali AAALA. Effect of Ag nanoparticles on viability of MCF-7 and Vero cell lines and gene expression of apoptotic genes. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-020-00120-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The newly emerged technology, nanotechnology, represents a promising solution for many medical and industrial problems. Random targeting, resistance, and side effects are the main disadvantages of the available cancer chemotherapy which are critical aspects needed to be managed. So the aim of the study was to suggest the nanoparticles as an alternative therapy for the available therapies through detecting the cytotoxic effect of Ag nanoparticles against cancer and normal cell lines and how they affect the apoptotic function and the genes involved.
Results
Ag NPs exhibited a killing rate of 40% in MCF-7 cells (the cancer cell model) at a concentration of 100 μg/ml with almost no effect on Vero cells (the normal cell model). Concerning the phenotypic apoptotic changes that were analyzed by Acridine orange and eosin and hematoxylin, Ag NPs caused the apoptosis and Vacuole degeneration as well as cell formation and the emergence of Necrotic cells in MCF-7 cells, whereas in the normal cell line Vero, no change appears in its phenotype.
Treating MCF-7 and Vero cells with Ag NPs upregulated the P53 and P21 gene expression in Vero cells, but their expression was downregulated in MCF-7 cells. PTEN was augmented in both MCF-7 and Vero cells compared to the control.
Conclusions
The AgNPs displayed selective effect in their cytotoxicity and both induced the apoptosis effect and might be suggested as a potential therapy since an increase in PTEN expression (up to 250-fold more compared to the control) due to the treatment with AgNPs augments the tumor suppressor effects of the PTEN.
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