1
|
Kandahari N, Johnson SM, Thorp BD. Granulomatous Inflammation of the Skull Base: A Rare Case of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the United States. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:4023-4027. [PMID: 38752647 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
The differential for an ill-defined, bone-destructive, granulomatous lesion of the skull base includes malignancy, as well as autoimmune and infectious processes. Suspicion for tuberculosis of the skull base in high-risk patients is particularly necessary given the difficulty to culture on standard cultures, need for specific and prolonged antibiotic therapy, and dire morbidity if not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner. Repeat biopsies and cultures were necessary to diagnose this case of Mycobacterium tuberculosis of the skull base after initial biopsy was non-diagnostic. Laryngoscope, 134:4023-4027, 2024.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazineen Kandahari
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Steven M Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A
| | - Brian D Thorp
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu R, Dang JN, Lee R, Lee JJ, Kesavamoorthy N, Ameri H, Rao N, Eoh H. Mycobacterium dormancy and antibiotic tolerance within the retinal pigment epithelium of ocular tuberculosis. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0078824. [PMID: 38916325 PMCID: PMC11302011 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00788-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death among infectious diseases worldwide due to latent TB infection, which is the critical step for the successful pathogenic cycle. In this stage, Mycobacterium tuberculosis resides inside the host in a dormant and antibiotic-tolerant state. Latent TB infection can also lead to multisystemic diseases because M. tuberculosis invades virtually all organs, including ocular tissues. Ocular tuberculosis (OTB) occurs when the dormant bacilli within the ocular tissues reactivate, originally seeded by hematogenous spread from pulmonary TB. Histological evidence suggests that retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells play a central role in immune privilege and in protection from antibiotic effects, making them an anatomical niche for invading M. tuberculosis. RPE cells exhibit high tolerance to environmental redox stresses, allowing phagocytosed M. tuberculosis bacilli to maintain viability in a dormant state. However, the microbiological and metabolic mechanisms determining the interaction between the RPE intracellular environment and phagocytosed M. tuberculosis are largely unknown. Here, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics were used to illuminate the metabolic state within RPE cells reprogrammed to harbor dormant M. tuberculosis bacilli and enhance antibiotic tolerance. Timely and accurate diagnosis as well as efficient chemotherapies are crucial in preventing the poor visual outcomes of OTB patients. Unfortunately, the efficacy of current methods is highly limited. Thus, the results will lead to propose a novel therapeutic option to synthetically kill the dormant M. tuberculosis inside the RPE cells by modulating the phenotypic state of M. tuberculosis and laying the foundation for a new, innovative regimen for treating OTB. IMPORTANCE Understanding the metabolic environment within the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells altered by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterial dormancy is crucial to identify new therapeutic methods to cure ocular tuberculosis. The present study showed that RPE cellular metabolism is altered to foster intracellular M. tuberculosis to enter into the dormant and drug-tolerant state, thereby blunting the efficacy of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. RPE cells serve as an anatomical niche as the cells protect invading bacilli from antibiotic treatment. LC-MS metabolomics of RPE cells after co-treatment with H2O2 and M. tuberculosis infection showed that the intracellular environment within RPE cells is enriched with a greater level of oxidative stress. The antibiotic tolerance of intracellular M. tuberculosis within RPE cells can be restored by a metabolic manipulation strategy such as co-treatment of antibiotic with the most downstream glycolysis metabolite, phosphoenolpyruvate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Liu
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Joshua N. Dang
- Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rhoeun Lee
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jae Jin Lee
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Niranjana Kesavamoorthy
- Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hossein Ameri
- Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Narsing Rao
- Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hyungjin Eoh
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yayan J, Franke KJ, Berger M, Windisch W, Rasche K. Early detection of tuberculosis: a systematic review. Pneumonia (Nathan) 2024; 16:11. [PMID: 38965640 PMCID: PMC11225244 DOI: 10.1186/s41479-024-00133-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis remains a significant global health challenge. Tuberculosis affects millions of individuals worldwide. Early detection of tuberculosis plays a relevant role in the management of treatment of tuberculosis. This systematic review will analyze the findings of several published studies on the topic of the early detection of tuberculosis. This systematic review highlights their methodologies and limitations as well as their contributions to our understanding of this pressing issue. Early detection of tuberculosis can be achieved through tuberculosis screening for contacts. Comprehensive health education for household contacts can be used as early detection. The in-house deep learning models can be used in the X-ray used for automatic detection of tuberculosis. Interferon gamma release assay, routine passive and active case detection, portable X-ray and nucleic acid amplification testing, and highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests play critical roles in improving tuberculosis detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Yayan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, HELIOS Clinic Wuppertal, Heusnerstr. 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Karl-Josef Franke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Division, Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Infectiology, and Sleep Medicine, Märkische Clinics Health Holding Ltd, Clinic Lüdenscheid, Witten/Herdecke University, Lüdenscheid, Germany
| | - Melanie Berger
- Department of Pneumology, Cologne Merheim Hospital, Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wolfram Windisch
- Department of Pneumology, Cologne Merheim Hospital, Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kurt Rasche
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, HELIOS Clinic Wuppertal, Heusnerstr. 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Maltz-Matyschsyk M, Melchiorre CK, Knecht DA, Lynes MA. Bacterial metallothionein, PmtA, a novel stress protein found on the bacterial surface of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and involved in management of oxidative stress and phagocytosis. mSphere 2024; 9:e0021024. [PMID: 38712943 PMCID: PMC11237414 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00210-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are small cysteine-rich proteins that play important roles in homeostasis and protection against heavy metal toxicity and oxidative stress. The opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, expresses a bacterial MT known as PmtA. Utilizing genetically modified P. aeruginosa PAO1 strains (a human clinical wound isolate), we show that inducing pmtA increases levels of pyocyanin and biofilm compared to other PAO1 isogenic strains, supporting previous results that pmtA is important for pyocyanin and biofilm production. We also show that overexpression of pmtA in vitro provides protection for cells exposed to oxidants, which is a characteristic of inflammation, indicating a role for PmtA as an antioxidant in inflammation. We found that a pmtA clean deletion mutant is phagocytized faster than other PAO1 isogenic strains in THP-1 human macrophage cells, indicating that PmtA provides protection from the phagocytic attack. Interestingly, we observed that monoclonal anti-PmtA antibody binds to PmtA, which is accessible on the surface of PAO1 strains using both flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. Finally, we investigated intracellular persistence of these PAO1 strains within THP-1 macrophages cells and found that the phagocytic endurance of PAO1 strains is affected by pmtA expression. These data show for the first time that a bacterial MT (pmtA) can play a role in the phagocytic process and can be found on the outer surface of PAO1. Our results suggest that PmtA plays a role both in protection from oxidative stress and in the resistance to the host's innate immune response, identifying PmtA as a potential therapeutic target in P. aeruginosa infection. IMPORTANCE The pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a highly problematic multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen with complex virulence networks. MDR P. aeruginosa infections have been associated with increased clinical visits, very poor healthcare outcomes, and these infections are ranked as critical on priority lists of both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization. Known P. aeruginosa virulence factors have been extensively studied and are implicated in counteracting host defenses, causing direct damage to the host tissues, and increased microbial competitiveness. Targeting virulence factors has emerged as a new line of defense in the battle against MDR P. aeruginosa strains. Bacterial metallothionein is a newly recognized virulence factor that enables evasion of the host immune response. The studies described here identify mechanisms in which bacterial metallothionein (PmtA) plays a part in P. aeruginosa pathogenicity and identifies PmtA as a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Clare K Melchiorre
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - David A Knecht
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael A Lynes
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lu HJ, Guo D, Wei QQ. Potential of Neuroinflammation-Modulating Strategies in Tuberculous Meningitis: Targeting Microglia. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1255-1276. [PMID: 37196131 PMCID: PMC11081169 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most severe complication of tuberculosis (TB) and is associated with high rates of disability and mortality. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), the infectious agent of TB, disseminates from the respiratory epithelium, breaks through the blood-brain barrier, and establishes a primary infection in the meninges. Microglia are the core of the immune network in the central nervous system (CNS) and interact with glial cells and neurons to fight against harmful pathogens and maintain homeostasis in the brain through pleiotropic functions. However, M. tb directly infects microglia and resides in them as the primary host for bacillus infections. Largely, microglial activation slows disease progression. The non-productive inflammatory response that initiates the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines may be neurotoxic and aggravate tissue injuries based on damages caused by M. tb. Host-directed therapy (HDT) is an emerging strategy for modulating host immune responses against diverse diseases. Recent studies have shown that HDT can control neuroinflammation in TBM and act as an adjunct therapy to antibiotic treatment. In this review, we discuss the diverse roles of microglia in TBM and potential host-directed TB therapies that target microglia to treat TBM. We also discuss the limitations of applying each HDT and suggest a course of action for the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Jun Lu
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daji Guo
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian-Qi Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, General Hospital of Tibet Military Command, Xizang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zang X, Zhang J, Jiang Y, Feng T, Cui Y, Wang H, Cui Z, Dang G, Liu S. Serine protease Rv2569c facilitates transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis via disrupting the epithelial barrier by cleaving E-cadherin. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012214. [PMID: 38722857 PMCID: PMC11081392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells function as the primary line of defense against invading pathogens. However, bacterial pathogens possess the ability to compromise this barrier and facilitate the transmigration of bacteria. Nonetheless, the specific molecular mechanism employed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) in this process is not fully understood. Here, we investigated the role of Rv2569c in M.tb translocation by assessing its ability to cleave E-cadherin, a crucial component of cell-cell adhesion junctions that are disrupted during bacterial invasion. By utilizing recombinant Rv2569c expressed in Escherichia coli and subsequently purified through affinity chromatography, we demonstrated that Rv2569c exhibited cell wall-associated serine protease activity. Furthermore, Rv2569c was capable of degrading a range of protein substrates, including casein, fibrinogen, fibronectin, and E-cadherin. We also determined that the optimal conditions for the protease activity of Rv2569c occurred at a temperature of 37°C and a pH of 9.0, in the presence of MgCl2. To investigate the function of Rv2569c in M.tb, a deletion mutant of Rv2569c and its complemented strains were generated and used to infect A549 cells and mice. The results of the A549-cell infection experiments revealed that Rv2569c had the ability to cleave E-cadherin and facilitate the transmigration of M.tb through polarized A549 epithelial cell layers. Furthermore, in vivo infection assays demonstrated that Rv2569c could disrupt E-cadherin, enhance the colonization of M.tb, and induce pathological damage in the lungs of C57BL/6 mice. Collectively, these results strongly suggest that M.tb employs the serine protease Rv2569c to disrupt epithelial defenses and facilitate its systemic dissemination by crossing the epithelial barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jiajun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Tingting Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yingying Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Ziyin Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Guanghui Dang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Siguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Bacterial Diseases, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Suci YD, Permatasari A, Koesomoprodjo W. Rare concurrent extrapulmonary tuberculous pericarditis and pleuritis accompanied with lung silicosis. Respir Med Case Rep 2024; 50:102030. [PMID: 38764459 PMCID: PMC11101741 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2024.102030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis could affect many organs beside lung airway and parenchyma. The mycobacterium tuberculosis can invade area such as the pleural and pericardium by lymphogenic, hematogenic, or direct infection. Patient with history exposure with silica (SiO2) have a high-risk factor developing tuberculosis or extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Therefore, this study presents a rare case of pulmonary silicosis in a 38 years-old-man with tuberculosis pericarditis and pleuritis. The amount of silica particle found in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was 39,95 ppm SiO2, while the ADA test from the pericardium and pleural fluids was 35.4 U/L and 40.2 U/L, respectively. The patient underwent pericardiocentesis and thoracocentesis, received first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs, and resigned from work. After one month follow-up, the pericardial as well as pleural fluid totally disappeared. This disease can mimic any other disease. Early detection of risk factor for extrapulmonary tuberculosis and perform the right diagnostic and treatment will give a better outcome for the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Devina Suci
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Dr Soetomo Academic Hospital, Airlangga University Faculty of Medicine, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ariani Permatasari
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Dr Soetomo Academic Hospital, Airlangga University Faculty of Medicine, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Winariani Koesomoprodjo
- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Dr Soetomo Academic Hospital, Airlangga University Faculty of Medicine, Surabaya, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Auñon A, Salar-Vidal L, Mahillo-Fernandez I, Almeida F, Pereira P, Lora-Tamayo J, Ferry T, Souèges S, Dinh A, Escudero R, Menéndez Fernández-Miranda C, Rico A, Rossi N, Esteban J. Prosthetic Joint Infections Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex-An ESGIAI-ESGMYC Multicenter, Retrospective Study and Literature Review. Microorganisms 2024; 12:849. [PMID: 38792679 PMCID: PMC11123809 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE While tuberculosis remains a significant global health concern, prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex are exceptionally rare. Our objective is to perform a retrospective search of new cases of this disease and analyze all cases available in the literature of tuberculous PJIs, aiming to detect factors that may influence patient outcomes. METHODS The ESGIAI and ESGMYC study groups were used to collect information on non-published cases of tuberculous prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Additionally, a literature review of all published cases of tuberculous PJIs was conducted. All identified cases in the retrospective study and in the literature review were merged and included in the statistical analysis, involving both univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Fifteen previously unreported cases of tuberculous prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) from four countries were detailed. Among them, ten patients were female, with a median age of 76 years. The hip was affected in 13 cases. Seven patients experienced co-infection with another microorganism. Treatment approaches varied, with 13 patients undergoing implant removal, one treated with DAIR (debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention), and one case was treated with an unknown treatment method. All patients received antibiotic therapy and achieved a cure. The literature review that was conducted detected 155 published cases. Univariate analysis revealed a statistical significance for previous tuberculosis, joint, and no importance of surgery for cure. CONCLUSIONS Tuberculous prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a rare condition, typically presenting as a localized chronic infection. Antibiotic treatment is essential for the management of these patients, but neither surgical treatment nor duration of treatment seems to have importance in the outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Auñon
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, Av. Reyes Catolicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Llanos Salar-Vidal
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, Av. Reyes Catolicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- ESCMID Study Group for Implant-Associated Infections (ESGIAI), Aeschenvorstadt 55, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Jaime Lora-Tamayo
- CIBERINFEC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- ESCMID Study Group for Implant-Associated Infections (ESGIAI), Aeschenvorstadt 55, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tristan Ferry
- ESCMID Study Group for Implant-Associated Infections (ESGIAI), Aeschenvorstadt 55, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- CHU-Hopital Croix Rousse, 69317 Lyon, France
| | | | - Aurélien Dinh
- ESCMID Study Group for Implant-Associated Infections (ESGIAI), Aeschenvorstadt 55, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- Ambroise-Paré Hospital, 92104 Paris, France
| | - Rosa Escudero
- CIBERINFEC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- ESCMID Study Group for Implant-Associated Infections (ESGIAI), Aeschenvorstadt 55, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- Hospital Ramon y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alicia Rico
- CIBERINFEC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- ESCMID Study Group for Implant-Associated Infections (ESGIAI), Aeschenvorstadt 55, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolo Rossi
- ESCMID Study Group for Implant-Associated Infections (ESGIAI), Aeschenvorstadt 55, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- UOC di Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Guglielmo da Saliceto, AUSL Piacenza, 29121 Piacenza, Italy
- Infectious Disease Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jaime Esteban
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, UAM, Av. Reyes Catolicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- ESCMID Study Group for Implant-Associated Infections (ESGIAI), Aeschenvorstadt 55, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu C, Li X. Identification of hub genes and establishment of a diagnostic model in tuberculosis infection. AMB Express 2024; 14:36. [PMID: 38615114 PMCID: PMC11016026 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01691-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) poses significant challenges due to its high transmissibility within populations and intrinsic resistance to treatment, rendering it a formidable respiratory disease with a substantial susceptibility burden. This study was designed to identify new potential therapeutic targets for TB and establish a diagnostic model. mRNA expression data for TB were from GEO database, followed by conducting differential expression analysis. The top 50 genes with differential expression were subjected to GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. To establish a PPI network, the STRING database was utilized, and hub genes were identified utilizing five algorithms (EPC, MCC, MNC, Radiality, and Stress) within the cytoHubba plugin of Cytoscape software. Furthermore, a hub gene co-expression network was constructed using the GeneMANIA database. Consistency clustering was performed on hub genes, and ssGSEA was utilized to analyze the extent of immune infiltration in different subgroups. LASSO analysis was employed to construct a diagnostic model, and ROC curves were used for validation. Through the analysis of GEO data, a total of 159 genes were identified as differentially expressed. Further, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that these genes were mainly enriched in viral defense, symbiotic defense, and innate immune response-related pathways. Hub genes, including DDX58, IFIT2, IFIH1, RSAD2, IFI44L, OAS2, OAS1, OASL, IFIT1, IFIT3, MX1, STAT1, and ISG15, were identified using cytoHubba analysis of the PPI network. The GeneMANIA analysis unmasked that the co-expression rate of hub genes was 81.55%, and the physical interaction rate was 12.27%. Consistency clustering divided TB patients into two subgroups, and ssGSEA revealed different degrees of immune infiltration in different subgroups. LASSO analysis identified IFIT1, IFIT2, IFIT3, IFIH1, RSAD2, OAS1, OAS2, and STAT1 as eight immune-related key genes, and a diagnostic model was constructed. The ROC curve demonstrated that the model exhibited excellent diagnostic performance. DDX58, IFIT2, IFIH1, RSAD2, IFI44L, OAS2, OAS1, OASL, IFIT1, IFIT3, MX1, STAT1, and ISG15 were hub genes in TB, and the diagnostic model based on eight immune-related key genes exhibited good diagnostic performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Liu
- Department of Respiratory, Chongqing Dazu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No.218, 1st Ring North Road, Dazu District, Chongqing, 402360, China.
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Respiratory, Chongqing Dazu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No.218, 1st Ring North Road, Dazu District, Chongqing, 402360, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hailu S, Hurst C, Cyphers G, Thottunkal S, Harley D, Viney K, Irwin A, Dean J, Nourse C. Prevalence of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Trop Med Int Health 2024; 29:257-265. [PMID: 38263374 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The burden of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is not well quantified in TB endemic countries such as those in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to quantify that burden via a systematic review of the prevalence of EPTB in African countries. METHODS Studies were retrieved by searching five databases; 105 studies published between 1990 and 2023 were included. The studies described the prevalence of EPTB among the general population (4 studies), TB patients (68) and patients with other conditions, including HIV (15), meningitis (3), renal failure (3) and other comorbidities, some of which are cancer (12). Due to the low number of studies reporting EPTB in patients with conditions other than TB, the meta-analysis was performed on studies reporting on EPTB among TB patients (68 studies). Meta-analysis was performed on the 68 studies (271,073 participants) using a random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence of EPTB. Meta-regression was used to explore possible explanations for heterogeneity according to regions and time periods. RESULTS The pooled prevalence of EPTB among TB patients was 26% (95% CI 23-29%). There was substantial heterogeneity of prevalence for the five African regions. The Eastern region had the highest prevalence of 32% (95% CI 28-37%) and the lowest in Western Africa, 16% (95% CI 10-24%). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of EPTB between the 3 eleven-year time periods. CONCLUSIONS Our systematic review and meta-analysis give insight into the burden of EPTB in Africa. This review could inform clinical and programmatic practices-a higher suspicion index for clinicians and more effort for better services. This could contribute to efforts aiming to end TB, which have historically been focused on PTB.Coordinated efforts that target both EPTB and PTB are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Semira Hailu
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Cameron Hurst
- Molly Wardaguga Research Centre, Charles Darwin University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Griffin Cyphers
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stefan Thottunkal
- ANU College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - David Harley
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kerri Viney
- ANU College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adam Irwin
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Infection Management and Prevention Service, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Judith Dean
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- UQ Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Clare Nourse
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Infection Management and Prevention Service, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu R, Dang JN, Lee R, Lee JJ, Kesavamoorthy N, Ameri H, Rao N, Eoh H. Mycobacterium dormancy and antibiotic tolerance within the retinal pigment epithelium of ocular tuberculosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.18.585612. [PMID: 38562751 PMCID: PMC10983995 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.18.585612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death among infectious diseases worldwide due to latent TB infection, which is the critical step for the successful pathogenic cycle. In this stage, Mycobacterium tuberculosis resides inside the host in a dormant and antibiotic-tolerant state. Latent TB infection can lead to a multisystemic diseases because M. tuberculosis invades virtually all organs, including ocular tissues. Ocular tuberculosis (OTB) occurs when the dormant bacilli within ocular tissues reactivate, originally seeded by hematogenous spread from pulmonary TB. Timely and accurate diagnosis as well as efficient chemotherapies are crucial in preventing poor visual outcomes of OTB patients. Histological evidence suggests that retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells play a central role in immune privilege and in the protection from the antibiotic effects, making them an anatomical niche for invading M. tuberculosis . RPE cells exhibit high tolerance to environmental redox stresses, allowing phagocytosed M. tuberculosis bacilli to maintain viability in a dormant state. However, the microbiological and metabolic mechanisms determining the interaction between the RPE intracellular environment and phagocytosed M. tuberculosis are largely unknown. Here, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics was used to illuminate the metabolic state within RPE cells reprogrammed to harbor dormant M. tuberculosis bacilli and enhance the antibiotic tolerance. The results have led to propose a novel therapeutic option to synthetically kill the dormant M. tuberculosis inside the RPE cells by modulating the phenotypic state of M. tuberculosis , thus laying the foundation for a new, innovative regimen for treating OTB. Importance Understanding the metabolic environment within the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells altered by infection with M. tuberculosis and mycobacterial dormancy is crucial to identify new therapeutic methods to cure OTB. The present study showed that RPE cellular metabolism is altered to foster intracellular M. tuberculosis to enter into the dormant and drug tolerant state, thereby blunting the efficacy of anti-TB chemotherapy. RPE cells serve as an anatomical niche as the cells protect invading bacilli from antibiotic treatment. LC-MS metabolomics of RPE cells after co-treatment with H2O2 and M. tuberculosis infection showed that intracellular environment within RPE cells is enriched with greater level of oxidative stress. The antibiotic tolerance of intracellular M. tuberculosis within RPE cells can be restored by a metabolic manipulation strategy such as co-treatment of antibiotic with the most downstream glycolysis metabolite, phosphoenolpyruvate.
Collapse
|
12
|
Montero-Vega MT, Matilla J, Bazán E, Reimers D, De Andrés-Martín A, Gonzalo-Gobernado R, Correa C, Urbano F, Gómez-Coronado D. Fluvastatin Converts Human Macrophages into Foam Cells with Increased Inflammatory Response to Inactivated Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra. Cells 2024; 13:536. [PMID: 38534380 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitors (statins) protect hypercholesterolemic patients against developing active tuberculosis, suggesting that these drugs could help the host to control the pathogen at the initial stages of the disease. This work studies the effect of fluvastatin on the early response of healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to inactivated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) H37Ra. We found that in fluvastatin-treated PBMCs, most monocytes/macrophages became foamy cells that overproduced NLRP3 inflammasome components in the absence of immune stimulation, evidencing important cholesterol metabolism/immunity connections. When both fluvastatin-treated and untreated PBMCs were exposed to Mtb H37Ra, a small subset of macrophages captured large amounts of bacilli and died, concentrating the bacteria in necrotic areas. In fluvastatin-untreated cultures, most of the remaining macrophages became epithelioid cells that isolated these areas of cell death in granulomatous structures that barely produced IFNγ. By contrast, in fluvastatin-treated cultures, foamy macrophages surrounded the accumulated bacteria, degraded them, markedly activated caspase-1 and elicited a potent IFNγ/cytotoxic response. In rabbits immunized with the same bacteria, fluvastatin increased the tuberculin test response. We conclude that statins may enhance macrophage efficacy to control Mtb, with the help of adaptive immunity, offering a promising tool in the design of alternative therapies to fight tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Teresa Montero-Vega
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Matilla
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eulalia Bazán
- Servicio de Neurobiología-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Reimers
- Servicio de Neurobiología-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana De Andrés-Martín
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Gonzalo-Gobernado
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Correa
- Unidad de Cirugía Experimental y Animalario, Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Urbano
- Servicio Interdepartamental de Investigación (SIdI), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Gómez-Coronado
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim JW, Bowman K, Nazareth J, Lee J, Woltmann G, Verma R, Sharifpour M, Shield C, Rees C, Kamil A, Swift B, Haldar P. PET-CT-guided characterisation of progressive, preclinical tuberculosis infection and its association with low-level circulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in household contacts in Leicester, UK: a prospective cohort study. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2024; 5:e119-e130. [PMID: 38244554 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(23)00289-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incipient tuberculosis, a progressive state of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection with an increased risk of developing into tuberculosis disease, remains poorly characterised. Animal models suggest an association of progressive infection with bacteraemia. Circulating M tuberculosis DNA has previously been detected in pulmonary tuberculosis by use of Actiphage, a bacteriophage-based real-time PCR assay. We aimed to investigate whether serial [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG)-PET-CT could be used to characterise the state and progressive trajectory of incipient tuberculosis, and examine whether these PET-CT findings are associated with Actiphage-based detection of circulating M tuberculosis DNA. METHODS We did a prospective 12-month cohort study in healthy, asymptomatic adults (aged ≥16 years) who were household contacts of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, and who had a clinical phenotype of latent tuberculosis infection, in Leicester, UK. Actiphage testing of participants' blood samples was done at baseline, and [18F]FDG PET-CT at baseline and after 3 months. Baseline PET-CT features were classified as positive, indeterminate, or negative, on the basis of the quantitation (maximum standardised uptake value [SUVmax]) and distribution of [18F]FDG uptake. Microbiological sampling was done at amenable sites of [18F]FDG uptake. Changes in [18F]FDG uptake after 3 months were quantitatively categorised as progressive, stable, or resolving. Participants received treatment if features of incipient tuberculosis, defined as microbiological detection of M tuberculosis or progressive PET-CT change, were identified. FINDINGS 20 contacts were recruited between Aug 5 and Nov 5, 2020; 16 of these participants had a positive result on IFNγ release assay (QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus [QFT]) indicating tuberculosis infection. Baseline PET-CT scans were positive in ten contacts (all QFT positive), indeterminate in six contacts (three QFT positive), and negative in four contacts (three QFT positive). Four of eight PET-CT-positive contacts sampled had M tuberculosis identified (three through culture, one through Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra test) from intrathoracic lymph nodes or bronchial wash and received full antituberculosis treatment. Two further unsampled PET-CT-positive contacts were also treated: one with [18F]FDG uptake in the lung (SUVmax 9·4) received empirical antituberculosis treatment and one who showed progressive [18F]FDG uptake received preventive treatment. The ten untreated contacts with [18F]FDG uptake at baseline (seven QFT positive) had stable or resolving changes at follow-up and remained free of tuberculosis disease after 12 months. A positive baseline Actiphage test was associated with the presence of features of incipient tuberculosis requiring treatment (p=0·018). INTERPRETATION Microbiological and inflammatory features of incipient tuberculosis can be visualised on PET-CT and are associated with M tuberculosis detection in the blood, supporting the development of pathogen-directed blood biomarkers of tuberculosis risk. FUNDING MRC Confidence in Concept.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jee Whang Kim
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Karen Bowman
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Joshua Nazareth
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Joanne Lee
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Gerrit Woltmann
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Raman Verma
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Meedya Sharifpour
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Christopher Shield
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Catherine Rees
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Anver Kamil
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Benjamin Swift
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Pranabashis Haldar
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Patel H, Shrivastava S, Pundkar A, Jaiswal AM, Goyal S. Challenges and Triumphs: Unusual Presentation of Tuberculosis in the Cuboid Bone Successfully Managed Through Surgical and Medical Intervention. Cureus 2024; 16:e53796. [PMID: 38465128 PMCID: PMC10923731 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This case report describes the unusual presentation of tuberculosis (TB) affecting the cuboid bone in a 16-year-old male patient. The patient presented with a one-year history of progressive foot pain, a discharging sinus, evening rise of temperature, weight loss, and loss of appetite. Clinical examination revealed soft tissue swelling and the presence of caseous material oozing from the sinus. Emergency debridement and curettage were performed, and bone cementing was carried out. An intraoperative sample was sent for a culture sensitivity test, histological analysis, and cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT). Histopathological examination, CBNAAT, and culture and sensitivity tests confirmed the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Post-operatively, anti-tuberculous treatment was started. The patient fully recovered from TB of the cuboid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hardik Patel
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Sandeep Shrivastava
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Aditya Pundkar
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Ankit M Jaiswal
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Saksham Goyal
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pattamapaspong N, Kanthawang T, Bouaziz MC, Ladeb MF, Hammami N, Peh WCG. Imaging of musculoskeletal tuberculosis. Br J Radiol 2024; 97:1-12. [PMID: 38263840 PMCID: PMC11027299 DOI: 10.1093/bjr/tqad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) of the musculoskeletal system usually manifests with non-specific clinical features, mimicking a variety of diseases. Diagnosis and treatment of spinal and extra-spinal musculoskeletal TB are often challenging. Imaging has an important role in detecting this disease, aiding diagnosis, identifying complications, and monitoring disease progression. Radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging are the key imaging modalities utilized. Radiologists should aim to be familiar with the spectrum of imaging features of TB affecting spinal and extra-spinal locations in the musculoskeletal system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuttaya Pattamapaspong
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Thanat Kanthawang
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Mouna Chelli Bouaziz
- Department of Radiology, MT Kassab Institute of Orthopaedics, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis-El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Fethi Ladeb
- Department of Radiology, MT Kassab Institute of Orthopaedics, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis-El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Hammami
- Department of Neuroradiology, National Institute of Neurology Mongi Ben Hamida, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wilfred C G Peh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore 768828, Republic of Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yuan Z, Kang Y, Mo C, Huang S, Qin F, Zhang J, Wang F, Jiang J, Yang X, Liang H, Ye L. Causal relationship between gut microbiota and tuberculosis: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Respir Res 2024; 25:16. [PMID: 38178098 PMCID: PMC10765819 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02652-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence from observational studies and clinical trials suggests that the gut microbiota is associated with tuberculosis (TB). However, it is unclear whether any causal relationship exists between them and whether causality is bidirectional. METHODS A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of gut microbiota were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium, while the GWAS summary statistics of TB and its specific phenotypes [respiratory tuberculosis (RTB) and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB)] were retrieved from the UK Biobank and the FinnGen consortium. And 195 bacterial taxa from phylum to genus were analyzed. Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, maximum likelihood (ML), weighted median, and weighted mode methods were applied to the MR analysis. The robustness of causal estimation was tested using the heterogeneity test, horizontal pleiotropy test, and leave-one-out method. RESULTS In the UK Biobank database, we found that 11 bacterial taxa had potential causal effects on TB. Three bacterial taxa genus.Akkermansia, family.Verrucomicrobiacea, order.Verrucomicrobiales were validated in the FinnGen database. Based on the results in the FinnGen database, the present study found significant differences in the characteristics of gut microbial distribution between RTB and EPTB. Four bacterial taxa genus.LachnospiraceaeUCG010, genus.Parabacteroides, genus.RuminococcaceaeUCG011, and order.Bacillales were common traits in relation to both RTB and TB, among which order.Bacillales showed a protective effect. Additionally, family.Bacteroidacea and genus.Bacteroides were identified as common traits in relation to both EPTB and TB, positively associating with a higher risk of EPTB. In reverse MR analysis, no causal association was identified. No significant heterogeneity of instrumental variables (IVs) or horizontal pleiotropy was found. CONCLUSION Our study supports a one-way causal relationship between gut microbiota and TB, with gut microbiota having a causal effect on TB. The identification of characteristic gut microbiota provides scientific insights for the potential application of the gut microbiota as a preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic tool for TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongxiang Yuan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yiwen Kang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Chuye Mo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Shihui Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Fang Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Junhan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Fengyi Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Junjun Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases in Children, Maternity and Child Health Care of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530003, Guangxi, China.
| | - Hao Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Li Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Alawi MM, Alserehi HA, Ali AO, Albalawi AM, Alanizi MK, Nabet FM, Alkamaly MA, Assiri AM, Jokhdar H, Qutub MO, khoja MA, Azhar EI, Taskandi WA, Sindi AA, Yasir M. Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia following the implementation of end tuberculosis strategy: Analysis of the surveillance data 2015-2019. Saudi Med J 2024; 45:60-68. [PMID: 38220236 PMCID: PMC10807673 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.1.20230424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the evolution of tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology in Saudi Arabia in the 5 years following the implementation of the end-TB Strategy. METHODS A retrospective analysis of surveillance data, reported by the national tuberculosis control program from 2015-2019, was carried out. The annual incidence and the percentage of yearly changes were calculated and compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) milestones, which anticipate a 4-5% annual decline. Additionally, various other epidemiological indicators of TB were examined. RESULTS The national TB incidence declined from 10.55% per 100,000 in 2015 to 8.76% per 100,000 in 2019, aligning with the WHO's 2019 milestone estimated between 8.59-8.96% per 100,000. While Makkah Region (40.3%) and Riyadh (24.6%) accounted for the majority of cases, Jazan region consistently exhibited the highest incidence throughout the study period. Demographic features shifted towards a younger age category, male, and native dominance. There was a consistent decrease in resistance and intermediate sensitivity to all first-line anti-TB drugs, associated with a substantial decrease in both polydrug resistance (from 4.7-1.9%; p<0.001) and multidrug resistance (from 4.4-2.4%; p=0.008). CONCLUSION The figures of TB incidence TB in Saudi Arabia between 2015-2019 has met the WHO end-TB milestones, predicting successful progress toward the 2035 goal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maha M. Alawi
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Haleema A. Alserehi
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed O. Ali
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abeer M. Albalawi
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mashael K. Alanizi
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fatima M. Nabet
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Modhi A. Alkamaly
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah M. Assiri
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hani Jokhdar
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed O. Qutub
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Moahmmed A. khoja
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Esam I. Azhar
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Wael A. Taskandi
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Annes A. Sindi
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- From the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology (Alawi); from the Special Infectious Agents Unit (Azhar, Yasir), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (Azhar), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Department of Surgery (Taskandi); from the Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care (Sindi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from the Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit (Alawi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care (Sindi), International Medical Center, Jeddah, from the General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention (Alserehi); from the National Tuberculosis Program (Ali, Albalawi, Alanizi, Nabet, Alkamaly, Assiri), General Directorate of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention; from the Public Health Directorate (Jokhdar), Ministry of Health, from the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Qutub), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, and from the Department of Infectious Disease (khoja), Madinah General Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Razei A, Javanbakht M, Hajizade A, Heiat M, Zhao S, Aghamollaei H, Saadati M, Khafaei M, Asadi M, Cegolon L, Keihan AH. Nano and microparticle drug delivery systems for the treatment of Brucella infections. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115875. [PMID: 37979375 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-based drug delivery systems are increasingly used for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of several diseases, thanks to several beneficial properties, including the ability to target specific cells or organs, allowing to reduce treatment costs and side effects frequently associated with chemotherapeutic medications, thereby improving treatment compliance of patients. In the field of communicable diseases, especially those caused by intracellular bacteria, the delivery of antibiotics targeting specific cells is of critical importance to maximize their treatment efficacy. Brucella melitensis, an intracellular obligate bacterium surviving and replicating inside macrophages is hard to be eradicated, mainly because of the low ability of antibiotics to enter these phagocityc cells . Although different antibiotics regimens including gentamicin, doxycycline and rifampicin are in fact used against the Brucellosis, no efficient treatment has been attained yet, due to the intracellular life of the respective pathogen. Nano-medicines responding to environmental stimuli allow to maximize drug delivery targeting macropages, thereby boosting treatment efficacy. Several drug delivery nano-technologies, including solid lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, chitosan, niosomes, and their combinations with chitosan sodium alginate can be employed in combination of antibiotics to successfully eradicate Brucellosis infection from patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Razei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Javanbakht
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center,Clinical Science Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbas Hajizade
- Biology Research Centre, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossain University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Heiat
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (BRCGL), Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shi Zhao
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hossien Aghamollaei
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Saadati
- Biology Research Centre, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossain University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Khafaei
- Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah Medical Science University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mosa Asadi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center,Clinical Science Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Luca Cegolon
- University of Trieste, Department of Medical, Surgical & Health Sciences, Trieste, Italy; University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), Public Health Department, Trieste, Italy
| | - Amir Homayoun Keihan
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Macgregor-Fairlie M, De Gomes P, Weston D, Rickard JJS, Goldberg Oppenheimer P. Hybrid use of Raman spectroscopy and artificial neural networks to discriminate Mycobacterium bovis BCG and other Mycobacteriales. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293093. [PMID: 38079400 PMCID: PMC10712843 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Even in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major public health problem and the 2nd biggest infectious cause of death worldwide. There is, therefore, an urgent need to develop effective TB diagnostic methods, which are cheap, portable, sensitive and specific. Raman spectroscopy is a potential spectroscopic technique for this purpose, however, so far, research efforts have focused primarily on the characterisation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other Mycobacteria, neglecting bacteria within the microbiome and thus, failing to consider the bigger picture. It is paramount to characterise relevant Mycobacteriales and develop suitable analytical tools to discriminate them from each other. Herein, through the combined use of Raman spectroscopy and the self-optimising Kohonen index network and further multivariate tools, we have successfully undertaken the spectral analysis of Mycobacterium bovis BCG, Corynebacterium glutamicum and Rhodoccocus erythropolis. This has led to development of a useful tool set, which can readily discern spectral differences between these three closely related bacteria as well as generate a unique spectral barcode for each species. Further optimisation and refinement of the developed method will enable its application to other bacteria inhabiting the microbiome and ultimately lead to advanced diagnostic technologies, which can save many lives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Macgregor-Fairlie
- School of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Nanomaterials Structures and Applications Laboratories, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paulo De Gomes
- School of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Nanomaterials Structures and Applications Laboratories, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Weston
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Pola Goldberg Oppenheimer
- School of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Nanomaterials Structures and Applications Laboratories, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Szczykutowicz J. Ligand Recognition by the Macrophage Galactose-Type C-Type Lectin: Self or Non-Self?-A Way to Trick the Host's Immune System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17078. [PMID: 38069400 PMCID: PMC10707269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The cells and numerous macromolecules of living organisms carry an array of simple and complex carbohydrates on their surface, which may be recognized by many types of proteins, including lectins. Human macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL, also known as hMGL/CLEC10A/CD301) is a C-type lectin receptor expressed on professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) specific to glycans containing terminal GalNAc residue, such as Tn antigen or LacdiNAc but also sialylated Tn antigens. Macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL) exhibits immunosuppressive properties, thus facilitating the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Hence, MGL is exploited by tumors and some pathogens to trick the host immune system and induce an immunosuppressive environment to escape immune control. The aims of this article are to discuss the immunological outcomes of human MGL ligand recognition, provide insights into the molecular aspects of these interactions, and review the MGL ligands discovered so far. Lastly, based on the human fetoembryonic defense system (Hu-FEDS) hypothesis, this paper raises the question as to whether MGL-mediated interactions may be relevant in the development of maternal tolerance toward male gametes and the fetus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Szczykutowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Division of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Sklodowskiej-Curie 48/50, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tran D, Patel K, Ashfaq A, Lyons B. Disseminated Miliary and Intestinal Tuberculosis Mimicking Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Cureus 2023; 15:e50002. [PMID: 38186434 PMCID: PMC10767475 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The hematogenous dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) is commonly via the pulmonary system. Less commonly, ingestion of M. tb can lead to primary intestinal tuberculosis (TB), often misdiagnosed as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In extremely rare cases, the dissemination can involve cardiac infiltration/tuberculoma. One such case involves a 21-year-old man from Guatemala who spoke a rare dialect of Spanish with nonspecific complaints and an abdominal CT scan showing terminal ileum thickening suggestive of Crohn's disease (CD). A colonoscopy revealed ileitis and tissue biopsy showed granulomatous inflammation with a positive acid-fast bacillus (AFB) stain and positive blood cultures isolated for TB. Chest CT angiography (CTA) also revealed miliary nodules and a right atrial mass was confirmed with cardiac MRI. Viral serology revealed chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection, but the patient was HIV-negative. Anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) with rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol (RIPE), in addition to tenofovir, was initiated, followed by a complicated hospital stay including rifampin-induced bone marrow suppression. Ultimately, he was discharged on isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, levofloxacin, and entecavir. Intestinal TB can be misdiagnosed as IBD with the administration of steroids, potentially worsening infection. A systemic approach to clinical investigation with a thorough history using medical translators can lead to early diagnosis and treatment of intestinal and disseminated TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danny Tran
- Internal Medicine, Trident Medical Center, Charleston, USA
| | - Kunaal Patel
- Internal Medicine, Trident Medical Center, Charleston, USA
| | - Areeba Ashfaq
- Internal Medicine, Trident Medical Center, Charleston, USA
| | - Brittany Lyons
- Internal Medicine, Trident Medical Center, Charleston, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chadalawada S, Rathinam SR, Lalitha P, Kannan NB, Devarajan B. Detection of microRNAs expression signatures in vitreous humor of intraocular tuberculosis. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10061-10072. [PMID: 37906423 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08819-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA (miRNA) expression analysis has been shown to provide them as biomarkers in several eye diseases and has a regulatory role in pathogenesis. However, miRNA expression analysis in the vitreous humor (VH) of intraocular tuberculosis (IOTB) is not studied. Thus, we aim to find miRNA expression signatures in the VH of IOTB patients to identify their regulatory role in disease pathogenesis and to find them as potential biomarkers for IOTB. METHODS AND RESULTS First, we profiled miRNAs in VH of three IOTB and three Macular hole (MH) samples as controls through small-RNA deep sequencing using Illumina Platform. In-house bioinformatics analysis identified 81 dysregulated miRNAs in IOTB. Further validation in VH of IOTB (n = 15) compared to MH (n = 15) using Real-Time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) identified three significantly upregulated miRNAs, hsa-miR-150-5p, hsa-miR-26b-5p, and hsa-miR-21-5p. Based on the miRNA target prediction, functional network analysis, and RT-qPCR analysis of target genes, the three miRNAs downregulating WNT5A, PRKCA, MAP3K7, IL7, TGFB2, IL1A, PRKCB, TNFA, and TP53 genes involving MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, WNT signaling pathway, Cell cycle, TGF-beta signaling pathway, Long-term potentiation, and Sphingolipid signaling pathways, have a potential role in disease pathogenesis. The ROC analysis of RT-qPCR data showed that hsa-miR-150-5p with AUC = 0.715, hsa-miR-21-5p with AUC = 0.789, and hsa-miR-26b-5p with AUC = 0.738; however, the combination of hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-26b-5p with AUC = 0.796 could serve as a potential biomarker for IOTB. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first report on miRNA expression signatures detected in VH for IOTB pathogenesis and also provides a potential biomarker for IOTB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swathi Chadalawada
- Department of Microbiology and Bioinformatics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, 1, Anna Nagar, Madurai, India
- Biomedical Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S R Rathinam
- Uveitis Service, Aravind Eye Hospital and PG Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prajna Lalitha
- Department of Microbiology, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Naresh Babu Kannan
- Chief, Retina Vitreous Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bharanidharan Devarajan
- Department of Microbiology and Bioinformatics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, 1, Anna Nagar, Madurai, India.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abdalla AE, Alanazi A, Abosalif KOA, Alameen AAM, Junaid K, Manni E, Talha AA, Ejaz H. MicroRNA-155, a double-blade sword regulator of innate tuberculosis immunity. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106438. [PMID: 37925110 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic, life-threatening disease caused by unusual facultative intracellular bacteria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacterium has unique resistance to many antimicrobial agents and has become a major global health concern due to emerging multidrug-resistant strains. Additionally, it has developed multiple schemes to exploit host immune signaling and establish long-term survival within host tissues. Thus, understanding the pathways that govern the crosstalk between the bacterium and the immune system could provide a new avenue for therapeutic interventions. MicroRNAs (miRs) are short, noncoding, and regulator RNA molecules that control the expression of cellular genes by targeting their mRNAs post-transcriptionally. MiR-155 is one of the most crucial miR in shaping the host immune defenses against M. tuberculosis. MiR-155 is remarkably downregulated in patients with clear clinical TB symptoms in comparison with latently infected patients and/or healthy individuals, thereby implicating its role in controlling M. tuberculosis infection. However, functional probing of miR-155 suggests dual effects in regulating the host's innate defenses in response to mycobacterial infection. This review provides comprehensive knowledge and future perspectives regarding complex signaling pathways that mediated miR-155 expression during M. tuberculosis infections. Moreover, miR-155-targeting signaling orchestrates inflammatory mediators' production, apoptosis, and autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abualgasim Elgaili Abdalla
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Awadh Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Omer Abdalla Abosalif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Ali Mohammed Alameen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kashaf Junaid
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Emad Manni
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Albadawi Abdelbagi Talha
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasan Ejaz
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang N, Yao Y, Qian Y, Qiu D, Cao H, Xiang H, Wang J. Cargoes of exosomes function as potential biomarkers for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1254347. [PMID: 37928531 PMCID: PMC10622749 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1254347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes as double-membrane vesicles contain various contents of lipids, proteins, mRNAs and non-coding RNAs, and involve in multiple physiological processes, for instance intercellular communication and immunomodulation. Currently, numerous studies found that the components of exosomal proteins, nucleic acids or lipids released from host cells are altered following infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Exosomal contents provide excellent biomarkers for the auxiliary diagnosis, efficacy evaluation, and prognosis of tuberculosis. This study aimed to review the current literatures detailing the functions of exosomes in the procedure of M. tuberculosis infection, and determine the potential values of exosomes as biomarkers to assist in the diagnosis and monitoring of tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongliang Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingfen Qian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan Fourth People’s Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dewen Qiu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Maternal and Child Heath Hospital of Nanchang College, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Food and Nutrition Safety, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huayuan Xiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kumbi H, Reda DY, Solomon M, Teklehaimanot A, Ormago MD, Ali MM. Magnitude of tuberculosis lymphadenitis, risk factors, and rifampicin resistance at Adama city, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15955. [PMID: 37743370 PMCID: PMC10518321 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43206-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex has an impact on public health and is responsible for over one million deaths per year. Substantial numbers of people infected with M. tuberculosis can develop tuberculosis lymphadenitis; however, there is a limited study in Adama, Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of Tuberculosis lymphadenitis, its predictors, and rifampicin-resistance gene-positive M. tuberculosis. A total of 291 patients with enlarged lymph nodes were recruited from May 2022 to August 30 at Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College (ACSHMC). GeneXpert, Ziehl-Neelsen staining, and cytology were used for the diagnosis of TB lymphadenitis from the Fine Needle Aspirate (FNA) specimen. Rifampicin-resistant gene was detected using GeneXpert. For data entry and analysis, Epi Data version 3.0 and SPSS version 25 were used respectively. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify predictors of TB lymphadenitis. A p < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was taken as a cut point to determine the significant association between dependent and independent variables. The prevalence of TB lymphadenitis using GeneXpert, Ziehl-Neelsen staining, and cytology were 138 (47.4%) (95% CI 41.70-53.10), 100 (34.4%) (95% CI 28.94-39.85), and 123 (42.3%) (95% CI 36.63-47.00) respectively. Nine (3.1%) participants were infected with rifampicin-resistant gene-positive M. tuberculosis. Out of the total M. tuberculosis detected by GeneXpert (n = 138), 9 (6.5%) were positive for rifampicin resistance-gene. Participants with a chronic cough had 2 times odds of developing TB lymphadenitis (AOR: 2.001, 95% CI 1.142-3.508). Close to half of patients with enlarged lymph nodes were positive for M. tuberculosis by the GeneXpert method in the study area. Chronic cough was significantly associated with TB lymphadenitis. Rifampicin-resistant gene-positive M. tuberculosis was relatively prevalent among patients with enlarged lymph node in the study area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hawi Kumbi
- Department of Laboratory, Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Dawit Yihdego Reda
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Manyahlehal Solomon
- Department of Pathology, Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Alemwosen Teklehaimanot
- Department of Pathology, Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Moges Desta Ormago
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Musa Mohammed Ali
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kawka M, Płocińska R, Płociński P, Pawełczyk J, Słomka M, Gatkowska J, Dzitko K, Dziadek B, Dziadek J. The functional response of human monocyte-derived macrophages to serum amyloid A and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1238132. [PMID: 37781389 PMCID: PMC10540855 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1238132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the course of tuberculosis (TB), the level of major acute phase protein, namely serum amyloid A (hSAA-1), increases up to a hundredfold in the pleural fluids of infected individuals. Tubercle bacilli infecting the human host can be opsonized by hSAA-1, which affects bacterial entry into human macrophages and their intracellular multiplication. Methods We applied global RNA sequencing to evaluate the functional response of human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), isolated from healthy blood donors, under elevated hSAA-1 conditions and during infection with nonopsonized and hSAA-1-opsonized Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). In the same infection model, we also examined the functional response of mycobacteria to the intracellular environment of macrophages in the presence and absence of hSAA-1. The RNASeq analysis was validated using qPCR. The functional response of MDMs to hSAA-1 and/or tubercle bacilli was also evaluated for selected cytokines at the protein level by applying the Milliplex system. Findings Transcriptomes of MDMs cultured in the presence of hSAA-1 or infected with Mtb showed a high degree of similarity for both upregulated and downregulated genes involved mainly in processes related to cell division and immune response, respectively. Among the most induced genes, across both hSAA-1 and Mtb infection conditions, CXCL8, CCL15, CCL5, IL-1β, and receptors for IL-7 and IL-2 were identified. We also observed the same pattern of upregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, IL-23, and IL-1) and downregulated anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGFβ, and antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin) in the hSAA-1 treated-MDMs or the phagocytes infected with tubercle bacilli. At this early stage of infection, Mtb genes affected by the inside microenvironment of MDMs are strictly involved in iron scavenging, adaptation to hypoxia, low pH, and increasing levels of CO2. The genes for the synthesis and transport of virulence lipids, but not cholesterol/fatty acid degradation, were also upregulated. Conclusion Elevated serum hSAA-1 levels in tuberculosis enhance the response of host phagocytes to infection, including macrophages that have not yet been in contact with mycobacteria. SAA induces antigen processing and presentation processes by professional phagocytes reversing the inhibition caused by Mtb infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malwina Kawka
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Renata Płocińska
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Jakub Pawełczyk
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Słomka
- Biobank Lab, Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Justyna Gatkowska
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dzitko
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bożena Dziadek
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jarosław Dziadek
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Weng T, Dong Y, Huang N, Zhao C, Zhang L, Cao S, Tang J, Zhang D, Zhang X. Disseminated tuberculosis in a child during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case report and literature review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1249878. [PMID: 37781385 PMCID: PMC10536161 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1249878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Disseminated tuberculosis is an uncommon but devastating form of tuberculosis, possibly developing with the immune response of patients. COVID-19 infection may produce an immunosuppressive effect with possible implications for tuberculosis dissemination. Case presentation A 17-year-old female patient with a history of tuberculous pleurisy presented to the hospital with a high fever and life-threatening dyspnea after contracting a COVID-19 infection. Her condition deteriorated rapidly with grand mal epilepsy and acute gastrointestinal bleeding with a grossly depressed CD4 T-cell count, which was indicative of her profoundly immunosuppressed state. After identifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis in her cerebrospinal fluid and a subcutaneous abscess in her left lower back, she was diagnosed with disseminated tuberculosis involving both lungs, the central nervous system, the terminal ileum, the liver, bilateral adnexal tissue, and subcutaneous soft tissue in accordance with the chest and abdominal CT. Empirical treatment was initiated with dexamethasone (5 mg/day) and an anti-tuberculosis regimen of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, amikacin, and meropenem, which was replaced with faropenem after she left the hospital. The therapeutic effect was considered satisfied in the second month of follow-up. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case report of disseminated tuberculosis after COVID-19 infection. Tuberculosis may disseminate and progress during the COVID-19 pandemic, requiring more significant studies to provide better diagnosis and treatment options for the co-infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xianming Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Meregildo-Rodriguez ED, Asmat-Rubio MG, Vásquez-Tirado GA. Droplet digital PCR vs. quantitative real time-PCR for diagnosis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1248842. [PMID: 37608829 PMCID: PMC10440704 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1248842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a rising global public health emergency. Then, it is a priority to undertake innovations in preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic methods. Improved diagnostic methods for tuberculosis are urgently needed to address this global epidemic. These methods should be rapid, accurate, affordable, and able to detect drug-resistant tuberculosis. The benefits of these new diagnostic technics include earlier diagnosis and treatment, improved patient outcomes, and reduced economic burden. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the diagnostic performance of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR)-a third-generation PCR-compared with quantitative Real Time-PCR (qPCR) for diagnosing pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. We included 14 diagnostic accuracy test studies performed in Asia, Europe, and Latin America, 1,672 participants or biological samples, and 975 events (pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis). Most of the included studies had a low risk of bias (QUADAS-C tool). Sensitivity and specificity were lower for ddPCR [0.56 (95% CI 0.53-0.58) and 0.97 (95% CI 0.96-0.98), respectively] than for qPCR [0.66 (95% CI 0.60-0.71) and 0.98 (95% CI 0.97-0.99), respectively]. However, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was higher for ddPCR than for qPCR (0.97 and 0.94, respectively). Comparing both AUCs using the Hanley & McNeil method, we found statistically significant differences (AUC difference of 4.40%, p = 0.0020). In the heterogeneity analysis, we found significant differences between both techniques according to the continent of origin of the study and the location of tuberculosis (pulmonary or extrapulmonary disease). The AUCs of both methods were similar in pulmonary tuberculosis. However, for extrapulmonary tuberculosis, the AUC was higher for ddPCR. We found some limitations: (1) significant heterogeneity of the studies, and (2) we could not perform subgroup analyses according to other relevant variables, such as the age and sex of the participants. Nonetheless, this study is the first meta-analysis that shows that ddPCR has a comparable diagnostic performance than qPCR for pulmonary tuberculosis. However, for extrapulmonary tuberculosis, ddPCR has a better discriminant capacity to differentiate between patients with and without extrapulmonary tuberculosis. We conclude that ddPCR is likely the best diagnostic technic for tuberculosis diagnosis, especially for extrapulmonary tuberculosis. More studies are still needed yet. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022382768, CRD42022382768.
Collapse
|
29
|
Vargas Rodríguez AE, Godinez Vidal AR, Alcántara Gordillo R, Duarte Regalado CS, Soto Llanes JO. A Case Report and Literature Review of Intestinal Perforation Due to Tuberculosis. Cureus 2023; 15:e43241. [PMID: 37692608 PMCID: PMC10491503 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) is challenging due to its nonspecific clinical presentation, sometimes manifesting with acute complications such as intestinal perforation or obstruction. We present the case of a 39-year-old male presented with continuous fever, abdominal pain, and peritoneal irritation. A contrast-enhanced thoracoabdominopelvic computed tomography revealed free air and fluid, suggestive of intestinal perforation. Urgent surgical treatment was performed via exploratory laparotomy, including right hemicolectomy and construction of a Brooke ileostomy. Histopathological analysis confirmed intestinal miliary tuberculosis. The most commonly affected areas in ITB are the ileocecal region and ileum. Symptoms include abdominal pain, weight loss, changes in bowel habits, and fever. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography is crucial for diagnosis. The first-line treatment is medical with antituberculosis drugs. Due to its delayed diagnosis, ITB should be considered in patients with nonspecific and progressive symptoms. Early medical management is crucial to prevent acute complications associated with high morbidity and mortality.
Collapse
|
30
|
Cavalcante-Silva LHA, Almeida FS, Andrade AGD, Comberlang FC, Cardoso LL, Vanderley SER, Keesen TSL. Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a Trap: The Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Tuberculosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11385. [PMID: 37511144 PMCID: PMC10379580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex causes tuberculosis (TB), a disease that causes pulmonary inflammation but can also affect other tissues. Despite macrophages having a defined role in TB immunopathogenesis, other innate immune cells, such as neutrophils, are involved in this process. These cells have high phagocytic ability and a microbial-killing machine comprised of enzymes, antimicrobial peptides, and reactive oxygen species. In the last two decades, a new neutrophil immune response, the neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), has been intensely researched. NETs comprise DNA associated with histones, enzymes, and antimicrobial peptides. These structures are related to antimicrobial immune response and some immuno-pathogenesis mechanisms. This mini review highlights the role of NETs in tuberculosis and how they can be helpful as a diagnostic tool and/or therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Henrique Agra Cavalcante-Silva
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silva Almeida
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Arthur Gomes de Andrade
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Fernando Cézar Comberlang
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Lima Cardoso
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Shayenne Eduarda Ramos Vanderley
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Tatjana S L Keesen
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yadav S. Primary Isoniazid Mono-Resistant Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Presenting as Cervical Lymphadenitis: The World's First Case of Its Type. Cureus 2023; 15:e41937. [PMID: 37588320 PMCID: PMC10425288 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is commonly seen in endemic countries. Cases of primary drug resistance are rare. There is a paucity of data related to primary drug resistance at extrapulmonary sites. Herein, a case of primary isoniazid mono-resistant extrapulmonary tuberculosis of the multiple right cervical lymph nodes is presented. This patient reported multiple swellings and discharging sinuses. A battery of investigations with an eye for finding drug resistance led to a definite diagnosis. He was initiated on an anti-tubercular regimen per the national guidelines. A detailed literature search revealed that no such case of primary isoniazid mono-resistant extrapulmonary tuberculosis presenting as cervical lymphadenitis has ever been reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sankalp Yadav
- Medicine, Shri Madan Lal Khurana Chest Clinic, New Delhi, IND
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ahmed S, Prabahar AE, Saxena AK. Molecular docking-based interaction studies on imidazo[1,2-a] pyridine ethers and squaramides as anti-tubercular agents. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023:1-23. [PMID: 37365919 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2023.2225872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Development of new anti-tubercular agents is required in the wake of resistance to the existing and newly approved drugs through novel-validated targets like ATP synthase, etc. The major limitation of poor correlation between docking scores and biological activity by SBDD was overcome by a novel approach of quantitatively correlating the interactions of different amino acid residues present in the target protein structure with the activity. This approach well predicted the ATP synthase inhibitory activity of imidazo[1,2-a] pyridine ethers and squaramides (r = 0.84) in terms of Glu65b interactions. Hence, the models were developed on combined (r = 0.78), and training (r = 0.82) sets of 52, and 27 molecules, respectively. The training set model well predicted the diverse dataset (r = 0.84), test set (r = 0.755), and, external dataset (rext = 0.76). This model predicted three compounds from a focused library generated by incorporating the essential features of the ATP synthase inhibition with the pIC50 values in the range of 0.0508-0.1494 µM. Molecular dynamics simulation studies ascertain the stability of the protein structure and the docked poses of the ligands. The developed model(s) may be useful in the identification and optimization of novel compounds against TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kashipur, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Moradabad, India
| | - A E Prabahar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Moradabad, India
| | - A K Saxena
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kashipur, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Olaleye SA, Balogun OS, Adusei-Mensah F. Bibliometric structured review of tuberculosis in Nigeria. Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:139-160. [PMID: 38223612 PMCID: PMC10782364 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i2.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The tuberculosis burden is growing in Nigeria along with its population. For example, Nigeria has the sixth highest TB burden globally, with an estimated 4.3 per cent multi-drug resistance in new cases. This study builds on the existing study that examined academic involvement in tuberculosis research. The study in question focused on global medical literature related to tuberculosis, but the non-visibility of some low and middle-income countries in the bigger global picture motivated this present study. Every year, over 245,000 Nigerians succumb to tuberculosis (TB), with approximately 590,000 new cases reported (of these, around 140,000 are also HIV-positive). This study carried out an academic publication evaluation with the VOS viewer tool to map bibliometric data for scholarly articles published between 1991 and 2021 on tuberculosis research and used the Biblioshiny app for analytics and plots of authors, sources, and documents to explore the descriptive statistics of tuberculosis literature. The present study delineates that England has the highest collaborating country with Nigeria in the study of tuberculosis over the years and according to the report, the University of Nigeria, the University of Ibadan, and Nnamdi Azikwe University are Nigerian institutions with extensive collaborations. This study concludes with managerial implications for future actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunday Adewale Olaleye
- School of Business, JAMK University of Applied Sciences, Rajakatu 35, 40100 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - Frank Adusei-Mensah
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Atnafu A, Wassie L, Tilahun M, Girma S, Zenebe Y, Beyene MA, Alemu A, Fisseha E, Agze H, Desta T, Desta K, Bobosha K. Microbiological Investigations of Fine Needle Aspirates from Newly Suspected and Previously Treated Tubercular Lymphadenitis Patients. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:3453-3461. [PMID: 37283940 PMCID: PMC10241182 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s407866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), particularly tubercular lymphadenitis (TBLN), remains to pose a huge public health problem in Ethiopia. A significant number of TBLN patients who completed a full course anti-TB treatment regimen were reported to have enlarged lymph nodes and other TB-like clinical presentations. This could either be from a paradoxical reaction or microbiological relapse, possibly due to mono/multi-drug resistance. Objective To investigate the rate of mono and multidrug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a cause of the observed treatment failures in clinically diagnosed and anti-TB treatment (newly or previously)-initiated LN patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 126 TBLN-suspected and previously treated patients between March and September 2022. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 26.0). Descriptive statistics were used to determine the frequency, percentage, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. The level of agreement was determined using Cohen's kappa and a Chi-square test was used to measure the association between risk factors and laboratory test outcomes. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Mycobacterium tuberculosis was confirmed in 28.6% (N=36) of the 126 cases using BACTEC MGIT 960 culture detection method. Approximately, 13% (N=16) of the samples were collected from previously treated TBLN patients, of which 5/16 (31.3%) were multi-drug resistant, 7/16 were drug-sensitive and 4/16 were culture negative. To rule out other non-tuberculous agents, all samples were grown on blood and Mycosel agar plates, and no growth was detected. Conclusion The emergence of drug resistant (DR) TB seems to not just be limited to pulmonary form but also to TBLN. In this study we observed a considerable number of microbiologically confirmed relapses among previously treated cases, possibly indicating the need for confirmation of drug resistance using rapid molecular methods or phenotypical methods during treatment follow up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abay Atnafu
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Liya Wassie
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Tilahun
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Selfu Girma
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Zenebe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Ashenafi Alemu
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Emnet Fisseha
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Haymanot Agze
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tigist Desta
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kassu Desta
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kidist Bobosha
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Carabalí-Isajar ML, Rodríguez-Bejarano OH, Amado T, Patarroyo MA, Izquierdo MA, Lutz JR, Ocampo M. Clinical manifestations and immune response to tuberculosis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:206. [PMID: 37221438 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03636-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a far-reaching, high-impact disease. It is among the top ten causes of death worldwide caused by a single infectious agent; 1.6 million tuberculosis-related deaths were reported in 2021 and it has been estimated that a third of the world's population are carriers of the tuberculosis bacillus but do not develop active disease. Several authors have attributed this to hosts' differential immune response in which cellular and humoral components are involved, along with cytokines and chemokines. Ascertaining the relationship between TB development's clinical manifestations and an immune response should increase understanding of tuberculosis pathophysiological and immunological mechanisms and correlating such material with protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis continues to be a major public health problem globally. Mortality rates have not decreased significantly; rather, they are increasing. This review has thus been aimed at deepening knowledge regarding tuberculosis by examining published material related to an immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterial evasion mechanisms regarding such response and the relationship between pulmonary and extrapulmonary clinical manifestations induced by this bacterium which are related to inflammation associated with tuberculosis dissemination through different routes.
Collapse
Grants
- a Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50#26-20, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
- a Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50#26-20, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
- a Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50#26-20, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
- a Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50#26-20, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
- b PhD Program in Biomedical and Biological Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24#63C-69, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
- c Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (UDCA), Calle 222#55-37, Bogotá 111166, Colombia
- d Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45#26-85, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
- e Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Calle 24 # 29-45, Bogotá 111411. Colombia
- e Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Calle 24 # 29-45, Bogotá 111411. Colombia
- f Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Carrera 3#26A-40, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Lilián Carabalí-Isajar
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50#26-20, 111321, Bogotá, Colombia
- Biomedical and Biological Sciences Programme, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24#63C-69, 111221, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Tatiana Amado
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50#26-20, 111321, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50#26-20, 111321, Bogotá, Colombia
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45#26-85, 111321, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Alejandra Izquierdo
- Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Calle 24 # 29-45, 111411, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan Ricardo Lutz
- Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Calle 24 # 29-45, 111411, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Marisol Ocampo
- Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Carrera 50#26-20, 111321, Bogotá, Colombia.
- Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Carrera 3#26A-40, 110311, Bogotá, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Leowattana W, Leowattana P, Leowattana T. Tuberculosis of the spine. World J Orthop 2023; 14:275-293. [PMID: 37304201 PMCID: PMC10251269 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v14.i5.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pott's spine, commonly known as spinal tuberculosis (TB), is an extrapulmonary form of TB caused by Mycobacterium TB. Pott's paraplegia occurs when the spine is involved. Spinal TB is usually caused by the hematogenous spread of infection from a central focus, which can be in the lungs or another location. Spinal TB is distinguished by intervertebral disc involvement caused by the same segmental arterial supply, which can result in severe morbidity even after years of approved therapy. Neurological impairments and spine deformities are caused by progressive damage to the anterior vertebral body. The clinical, radiographic, microbiological, and histological data are used to make the diagnosis of spinal TB. In Pott's spine, combination multidrug antitubercular therapy is the basis of treatment. The recent appearance of multidrug-resistant/extremely drug-resistant TB and the growth of human immunodeficiency virus infection have presented significant challenges in the battle against TB infection. Patients who come with significant kyphosis or neurological impairments are the only ones who require surgical care. Debridement, fusion stabilization, and correction of spinal deformity are the cornerstones of surgical treatment. Clinical results for the treatment of spinal TB are generally quite good with adequate and prompt care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wattana Leowattana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Rachatawee 10400, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pathomthep Leowattana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Rachatawee 10400, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tawithep Leowattana
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakarinwirot University, Wattana 10110, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ahmed A, Hagelnur AA, Eltigani HF, Siddig EE. Cutaneous tuberculosis of the foot clinically mimicking mycetoma: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7295. [PMID: 37151934 PMCID: PMC10160425 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message In a resource-limited setting such as Sudan, where diagnostic and surveillance capacities are limited and several dermal diseases with similar clinical presentation are endemic, further precautious must taking into account. Abstract Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) is a rare infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Atypical clinical presentations of CTB may resemble other skin neglected diseases. For definitive diagnosis, we require a holistic diagnostic approach including clinical examination and deployment of laboratory investigations including microbial culture, histopathological, and molecular examinations of the proper samples per test. In this communication, we report a case of CTB that was initially misidentified clinically as mycetoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Ahmed
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH)AllschwilSwitzerland
- University of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Tropical Medicine HospitalKhartoumSudan
| | | | - Hala Fathi Eltigani
- Unit of Applied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Laboratory SciencesUniversity of KhartoumKhartoumSudan
| | - Emmanuel Edwar Siddig
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesUniversity Medical Center Rotterdam, ErasmusMCRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Institute of endemic diseasesUniversity of KhartoumKhartoumSudan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sarmah DT, Parveen R, Kundu J, Chatterjee S. Latent tuberculosis and computational biology: A less-talked affair. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 178:17-31. [PMID: 36781150 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a pervasive and devastating air-borne disease caused by the organisms belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) complex. Currently, it is the global leader in infectious disease-related death in adults. The proclivity of TB to enter the latent state has become a significant impediment to the global effort to eradicate TB. Despite decades of research, latent tuberculosis (LTB) mechanisms remain poorly understood, making it difficult to develop efficient treatment methods. In this review, we seek to shed light on the current understanding of the mechanism of LTB, with an accentuation on the insights gained through computational biology. We have outlined various well-established computational biology components, such as omics, network-based techniques, mathematical modelling, artificial intelligence, and molecular docking, to disclose the crucial facets of LTB. Additionally, we highlighted important tools and software that may be used to conduct a variety of systems biology assessments. Finally, we conclude the article by addressing the possible future directions in this field, which might help a better understanding of LTB progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipanka Tanu Sarmah
- Complex Analysis Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, 121001, India
| | - Rubi Parveen
- Complex Analysis Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, 121001, India
| | - Jayendrajyoti Kundu
- Complex Analysis Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, 121001, India
| | - Samrat Chatterjee
- Complex Analysis Group, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, 121001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ma X, Wang F, Zhen L, Cai Q. Hsa_circ_0001204 modulates inflammatory response of macrophages infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis via TLR4/NF-κB signalling pathway. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:132-139. [PMID: 36048566 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a vital role in the regulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) by macrophages. In this project, the potential role of hsa_circ_0001204 in M.tb-infected macrophages is explored. Hsa_circ_0001204 was determined in the patients with tuberculosis (TB) and M.tb-infected macrophages. Its effect on the survival of M.tb and the apoptosis and inflammation of M.tb-infected macrophages was evaluated. Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB (TLR4/NF-κB) signalling was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence. TB patients and M.tb-infected THP-1 cells showed the significant downregulation of hsa_circ_0001204. Upregulating hsa_circ_0001204 reduced M.tb survival and suppressed the apoptosis and inflammatory response of THP-1 cells. The TLR4/NF-κB signalling pathway could be inhibited by hsa_circ_0001204 overexpression, which was activated by M.tb-infection. Hsa_circ_0001204 confers protective effects in M.tb-infected THP-1 cells, at least partly via the inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB signalling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Ma
- Department of Tuberculosis, Hangzhou Chest Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Libo Zhen
- Department of Tuberculosis, Hangzhou Chest Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingshan Cai
- Department of Tuberculosis, Hangzhou Chest Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pérez-Noriega FA, Salinas-Lara C, Sánchez-Garibay C, Torres-Ruíz JJ, Maravillas-Montero JL, Castañón-Arreola M, Hernández-Campos ME, Rodríguez-Balderas C, Basurto-López BV, Peñafiel-Salgado C, Espinosa-García AP, Choreño-Parra JA, Tena-Suck ML, Soto-Rojas LO, León-Marroquín EY, Romero-López JP, Castillejos-López M. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cell Wall Antigens Induce the Formation of Immune Complexes and the Development of Vasculitis in an Experimental Murine Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021242. [PMID: 36674759 PMCID: PMC9866931 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) of the central nervous system (CNS) presents high mortality due to brain damage and inflammation events. The formation and deposition of immune complexes (ICs) in the brain microvasculature during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection are crucial for its pathobiology. The relevance of ICs to Mtb antigens in the pathogenesis of CNS-TB has been poorly explored. Here, we aimed to establish a murine experimental model of ICs-mediated brain vasculitis induced by cell wall antigens of Mtb. We administered a cell wall extract of the prototype pathogenic Mtb strain H37Rv to male BALB/c mice by subcutaneous and intravenous routes. Serum concentration and deposition of ICs onto blood vessels were determined by polyethylene glycol precipitation, ELISA, and immunofluorescence. Histopathological changes in the brain, lung, spleen, liver, and kidney were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Our results evidenced that vasculitis developed in the studied tissues. High serum levels of ICs and vascular deposition were evident in the brain, lung, and kidneys early after the last cell wall antigen administration. Cell wall Mtb antigens induce strong type III hypersensitivity reactions and the development of systemic vasculitis with brain vascular changes and meningitis, supporting a role for ICs in the pathogenesis of TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flaubert Alexis Pérez-Noriega
- Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suarez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Citlaltepetl Salinas-Lara
- Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suarez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
- Tuberculosis Research Commonwealth, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
- Correspondence: (C.S.-L.); or (C.S.-G.); Tel.: +52-55-5606-3822 (C.S.-L. & C.S.-G.)
| | - Carlos Sánchez-Garibay
- Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suarez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
- Tuberculosis Research Commonwealth, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
- Correspondence: (C.S.-L.); or (C.S.-G.); Tel.: +52-55-5606-3822 (C.S.-L. & C.S.-G.)
| | - José Jiram Torres-Ruíz
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - José Luis Maravillas-Montero
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Coordinación de Investigación Científica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | | | - María Elena Hernández-Campos
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Sección de Estudios de Postgrado, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City 11340, Mexico
| | - Cesar Rodríguez-Balderas
- Departamento de Bioterio, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suarez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Victoria Basurto-López
- Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suarez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Carlos Peñafiel-Salgado
- Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suarez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Ana Paola Espinosa-García
- Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suarez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - José Alberto Choreño-Parra
- Tuberculosis Research Commonwealth, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Martha Lilia Tena-Suck
- Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía “Manuel Velasco Suarez”, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | - Luis O. Soto-Rojas
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Elsa Y. León-Marroquín
- Tuberculosis Research Commonwealth, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
- Departamento de Física Médica, Hospital De Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Méxicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - José Pablo Romero-López
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Manuel Castillejos-López
- Tuberculosis Research Commonwealth, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
- Departamento de Epidemiología Hospitalaria e Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ludi Z, Sule AA, Samy RP, Putera I, Schrijver B, Hutchinson PE, Gunaratne J, Verma I, Singhal A, Nora RLD, van Hagen PM, Dik WA, Gupta V, Agrawal R. Diagnosis and biomarkers for ocular tuberculosis: From the present into the future. Theranostics 2023; 13:2088-2113. [PMID: 37153734 PMCID: PMC10157737 DOI: 10.7150/thno.81488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is an airborne disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and can manifest both pulmonary and extrapulmonary disease, including ocular tuberculosis (OTB). Accurate diagnosis and swift optimal treatment initiation for OTB is faced by many challenges combined with the lack of standardized treatment regimens this results in uncertain OTB outcomes. The purpose of this study is to summarize existing diagnostic approaches and recently discovered biomarkers that may contribute to establishing OTB diagnosis, choice of anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) regimen, and treatment monitoring. The keywords ocular tuberculosis, tuberculosis, Mycobacterium, biomarkers, molecular diagnosis, multi-omics, proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, T-lymphocytes profiling were searched on PubMed and MEDLINE databases. Articles and books published with at least one of the keywords were included and screened for relevance. There was no time limit for study inclusion. More emphasis was placed on recent publications that contributed new information about the pathogenesis, diagnosis, or treatment of OTB. We excluded abstracts and articles that were not written in the English language. References cited within the identified articles were used to further supplement the search. We found 10 studies evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA), and 6 studies evaluating that of tuberculin skin test (TST) in OTB patients. IGRA (Sp = 71-100%, Se = 36-100%) achieves overall better sensitivity and specificity than TST (Sp = 51.1-85.7%; Se = 70.9-98.5%). For nuclear acid amplification tests (NAAT), we found 7 studies on uniplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with different Mtb targets, 7 studies on DNA-based multiplex PCR, 1 study on mRNA-based multiplex PCR, 4 studies on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay with different Mtb targets, 3 studies on GeneXpert assay, 1 study on GeneXpert Ultra assay and 1 study for MTBDRplus assay for OTB. Specificity is overall improved but sensitivity is highly variable for NAATs (excluding uniplex PCR, Sp = 50-100%; Se = 10.5-98%) as compared to IGRA. We also found 3 transcriptomic studies, 6 proteomic studies, 2 studies on stimulation assays, 1 study on intraocular protein analysis and 1 study on T-lymphocyte profiling in OTB patients. All except 1 study evaluated novel, previously undiscovered biomarkers. Only 1 study has been externally validated by a large independent cohort. Future theranostic marker discovery by a multi-omics approach is essential to deepen pathophysiological understanding of OTB. Combined these might result in swift, optimal and personalized treatment regimens to modulate the heterogeneous mechanisms of OTB. Eventually, these studies could improve the current cumbersome diagnosis and management of OTB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Ludi
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ashita Ashish Sule
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ramar Perumal Samy
- National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ikhwanuliman Putera
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - CiptoMangunkusmoKirana Eye Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, ErasmusMC, UniversityMedical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Schrijver
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, ErasmusMC, UniversityMedical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Edward Hutchinson
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jayantha Gunaratne
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Indu Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Singhal
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University of Singapore, Singapore
- A*SATR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rina La Distia Nora
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - CiptoMangunkusmoKirana Eye Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, ErasmusMC, UniversityMedical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- University of Indonesia Hospital (RSUI), Depok, West Java, Indonesia
| | - P. Martin van Hagen
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, ErasmusMC, UniversityMedical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willem A Dik
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, ErasmusMC, UniversityMedical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vishali Gupta
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rupesh Agrawal
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University of Singapore, Singapore
- National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, P. R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- ✉ Corresponding author: A/Prof (Dr) Rupesh Agrawal, Senior Consultant, National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433,
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yanti B, Soetjipto S, Mertaniasih NM, Susaniwati S, Amin M. The Usefulness of Bronchoscopy in the Diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Species Infection. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary tuberculosis is an active chronic infection of the lungs. It is still a public health problem globally caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MTBC). These species are difficult to determine only by conventional tests. The clinical manifestations are almost similar between the strains and cause diagnosis delays. Prolonged and intolerable MTBC therapy inhibits infection control.
AIM: This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of bronchoscopy in diagnosing the MTBC species infection.
METHODS: This study recruited patients with difficulty expectorating sputum. Pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed with the Xpert MTB/RIF assay. This study assessed sputum Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) staining, chest X-rays with active pulmonary tuberculosis, characteristics of Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and bronchoscopic findings based on the Chung classification. The BAL of polymerase chain reaction analysis using RD9 and TbD1 primers to determine MTBC species.
RESULTS: Out of the 30 cases, M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis 24 (80.0%) and 6 (20.0%) were identified in BAL fluid. There were 12 cases (40.0%) with AFB sputum test, and 25 (83.3%) of the Xpert MTB/RIF detected tuberculosis cases. All chest X-rays showed infiltrated and 22 (73.3%) pulmonary ectasis. There was a significant difference in MTBC species between sputum and BAL fluid (p < 0.05). The ulcerative type of bronchoscopy findings was significantly different in MTBC species (p < 0.05) and there was no macroscopic BAL fluid difference (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Bronchoscopy is a specimen collection technique that is beneficial in determining the diagnosis of MTBC. Analysis of BAL with molecular methods contributes to identifying MTBC species quickly and accurately.
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang GY, Lu B, Cui X, Li G, Zhang K, Zhang QS, Cui X, Qi GF, Liang QL, Luo XB, Xu HG, Xiao L, Wang L, Li L. An intelligent peptide recognizes and traps Mycobacterium tuberculosis to inhibit macrophage phagocytosis. J Mater Chem B 2022; 11:180-187. [PMID: 36484315 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01764d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a major public health concern worldwide, and it is a serious threat to human health for a long period. Macrophage phagocytosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is a crucial process for granuloma formation, which shelters the bacteria and gives them an opportunity for re-activation and spread. Herein, we report an intelligent anti-microbial peptide that can recognize and trap the M. tuberculosis, inhibiting the macrophage phagocytosis process. The peptide (Bis-Pyrene-KLVFF-WHSGTPH, in abbreviation as BFH) first self-assembles into nanoparticles, and then forms nanofibers upon recognizing and binding M. tuberculosis. Subsequently, BFH traps M. tuberculosis by the in situ formed nanofibrous networks and the trapped M. tuberculosis are unable to invade host cells (macrophages). The intelligent anti-microbial peptide can significantly inhibit the phagocytosis of M. tuberculosis by macrophages, thereby providing a favorable theoretical basis for inhibiting the formation of tuberculosis granulomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Yuan Wang
- Department of Graduate, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei Province, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, The 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng road, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Xu Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, The 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng road, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng road, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Kuo Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Qing-Shi Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Xin Cui
- Department of Graduate, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei Province, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Gao-Feng Qi
- Department of Graduate, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei Province, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Qi-Lin Liang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Xiao-Bo Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng road, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Huan-Ge Xu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Li Xiao
- Institute of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, the Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Lei Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Litao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 51 Fucheng road, Beijing, 100091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
The Association of Peripheral T Lymphocyte Subsets Disseminated Infection by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in HIV-Negative Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58111606. [DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: This study was performed to investigate the association of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets with disseminated infection (DI) by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in HIV-negative patients. Methods and Materials: The study included 587 HIV-negative tuberculosis (TB) patients. Results: In TB patients with DI, the proportion of CD4+ T cells decreased, the proportion of CD8+ T cells increased, and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells decreased. According to univariate analysis, smoking, alcohol consumption, rifampicin-resistance, retreatment, and high sputum bacterial load were linked to lower likelihood of developing MTB dissemination. Multivariate analysis indicated that after adjustment for alcohol use, smoking, retreatment, smear, culture, rifampicin-resistance, and CD4+/CD8+, the proportion of CD8+ T cells (but not CD4+ T cells) was independently and positively associated with the prevalence of DI in HIV-negative pulmonary TB (PTB) patients. Conclusions: Examining T lymphocyte subsets is of great value for evaluating the immune function of HIV-negative TB patients, and an increase in the CD8+ T cell proportion may be a critical clue regarding the cause of DI in such patients.
Collapse
|
45
|
Badillo-Almaraz JI, Cardenas-Cadena SA, Gutierrez-Avella FD, Villegas-Medina PJ, Garza-Veloz I, Almaraz VB, Martinez-Fierro ML. COVID-19 Syndemic: Convergence of COVID-19, Pulmonary Aspergillosis (CAPA), Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Arterial Hypertension. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12092058. [PMID: 36140460 PMCID: PMC9498291 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial coinfections, which increase the severity of respiratory viral infections, are frequent causes of mortality in influenza pandemics but have not been well characterized in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Moreover, the association of COVID-19 infection with pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis disease (TB) and concurrent pulmonary fungal infection is not well known. The classification of patients with COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) using the current definitions for invasive fungal diseases has proven difficult. In this study, we aimed to provide information about three patients with underlying diseases ongoing with COVID-19 and co-infection with pulmonary TB, and with COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). At the time of hospital admission, each patient presented complications such as decompensated T2DM with diabetic ketoacidosis and/or hypertension. Findings of chest computed tomography and serum galactomannan by radioimmunoassay were useful for classifying them as possible CAPA. One of the three possible CAPA cases was fatal. These three cases are rare and are the first of their kind reported worldwide. The generation of reliable algorithms, early diagnosis, standardization of classification criteria, and the selection of specific and personalized treatments for COVID-19-associated opportunistic infections, including CAPA, are necessary to improve outcomes in these kinds of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Isaias Badillo-Almaraz
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y C.S., Campus UAZ siglo XXI-L1, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
- Hospital General Luz Gonzalez Cosio, Circuito ciudad Gobierno, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
- Clinica San Antonio Memorial Center, Rio Grande, Zacatecas 98400, Mexico
| | - Sergio Andres Cardenas-Cadena
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y C.S., Campus UAZ siglo XXI-L1, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | | | | | - Idalia Garza-Veloz
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y C.S., Campus UAZ siglo XXI-L1, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
| | - Valentin Badillo Almaraz
- Unidad Academica de Estudios Nucleares. Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98000, Mexico
| | - Margarita L Martinez-Fierro
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y C.S., Campus UAZ siglo XXI-L1, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(492)-9256690 (ext. 2102)
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Mir MA, Mir B, Kumawat M, Alkhanani M, Jan U. Manipulation and exploitation of host immune system by pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis for its advantage. Future Microbiol 2022; 17:1171-1198. [PMID: 35924958 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) can become a long-term infection by evading the host immune response. Coevolution of Mtb with humans has resulted in its ability to hijack the host's immune systems in a variety of ways. So far, every Mtb defense strategy is essentially dependent on a subtle balance that, if shifted, can promote Mtb proliferation in the host, resulting in disease progression. In this review, the authors summarize many important and previously unknown mechanisms by which Mtb evades the host immune response. Besides recently found strategies by which Mtb manipulates the host molecular regulatory machinery of innate and adaptive immunity, including the intranuclear regulatory machinery, costimulatory molecules, the ubiquitin system and cellular intrinsic immune components will be discussed. A holistic understanding of these immune-evasion mechanisms is of foremost importance for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis and will lead to new insights into tuberculosis pathogenesis and the development of more effective vaccines and treatment regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manzoor A Mir
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Bilkees Mir
- Department of Biochemistry & Biochemical Engineering, SHUATS, Allahabad, UP, India
| | - Manoj Kumawat
- Department of Microbiology, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-NIREH, Bhopal, MP, India
| | - Mustfa Alkhanani
- Biology Department, College of Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, P. O. Box 1803, Hafar Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ulfat Jan
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Epidemiological characteristics of extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients with or without pulmonary tuberculosis. Epidemiol Infect 2022; 150:e158. [PMID: 35904011 PMCID: PMC9472030 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268822001236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) and analyse the epidemiological characteristics of EPTB patients with or without pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). EPTB cases admitted in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2020 were included. Uni- and multi-variable logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify risk factors and prognostic factors of concomitant EPTB and PTB or exclusively EPTB. A total of 3488 EPTB patients were reviewed, including 2086 patients with concurrent PTB and EPTB, and 1402 patients with exclusively EPTB. Logistic regression analysis showed that age >60 years (OR = 1.674, 95% CI = 1.438–1.949, P < 0.001) and female (OR = 1.325, 95% CI = 1.155–1.520, P < 0.001) were risk factors of exclusively EPTB, while co-morbidities (OR = 0.676, 95% CI = 0.492–0.929, P = 0.016) and severe symptoms (OR = 0.613, 95% CI = 0.405–0.929, P = 0.021) were risk factors for concurrence of EPTB and PTB. Age >60 years was an independent prognostic factor in EPTB patients with or without PTB (HR = 11.059, 95%CI = 5.097–23.999, P < 0.001; HR = 23.994, 95%CI = 3.093–186.151, P = 0.0020). Female gender was an independent prognostic factor in patients with concurrent PTB and EPTB (HR = 23.994, 95%CI = 3.093–186.151, P = 0.002). Our study disclosed the differential epidemiological characteristics of EPTB patients with or without PTB in China.
Collapse
|
48
|
Shang X, Zhang H, Chen S, Wang C, Lin M, Yu R. Diagnosis and ECMO Treatment of a Critically Ill Patient With Disseminated Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A Case Report. Front Public Health 2022; 10:938913. [PMID: 35910925 PMCID: PMC9330379 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.938913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundMycobacterium tuberculosis infection remains a public health concern worldwide. The diagnosis and treatment of disseminated M. tuberculosis is very difficult, so we shared our experiences and lessons learned in this case report.Case PresentationA 36-year-old female with a history of epilepsy presented to our hospital with fever, upper abdominal pain, muscle soreness in limbs for 7 days, and shortness of breath for 4 days. On admission, she presented with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and liver dysfunction. Due to the critical nature of her clinical presentation, the patient was admitted directly to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), received mechanical ventilation in prone position and VV-ECMO treatment. Her condition improved gradually, and the ECMO was removed after 7 days and she was weaned off the ventilator after 8 days. However, her fever recurred and she underwent PET-CT examination, liver contrast ultrasound, acid-fast staining and second-generation sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid, which confirmed M. tuberculosis infection.ConclusionThis case report briefly described the treatment and diagnosis of a critically ill patient with intra and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis infection. Timely and appropriate treatment is crucial to save lives, but the timing of ECMO treatment needs to be carefully considered for patients with ARDS caused by tuberculosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuling Shang
- The Third Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Center for Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongxuan Zhang
- The Third Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Center for Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meifu Lin
- Department of Radiology, Shengli Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rongguo Yu
- The Third Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Center for Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Rongguo Yu ;
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Dong S, Zhou R, Peng E, He R. Analysis of Clinical Features and Risk Factors in Pregnant Women With Miliary Pulmonary Tuberculosis After In Vitro Fertilization Embryo Transfer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:885865. [PMID: 35899049 PMCID: PMC9309383 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.885865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Miliary pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) among pregnant women after in vitro fertilization embryo transfer (IVF-ET) causes poor outcomes but is rarely reported. This study analyzed the clinical characteristics and risk factors of these patients to provide hints for further studies. Method The demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, radiologic features, treatment, and outcomes of six patients diagnosed from May 2012 to August 2021 in Xiangya Hospital and 69 patients that were reported in English or Chinese literature from January 1980 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Continuous variables were compared between groups by t-test or Mann–Whitney U test, and categorical variables were compared between groups by chi-square test or Fisher exact test. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to determine the predictors of respiratory failure. Results A total of 75 patients were included. The average age of patients was about 30 years. All patients had tubal obstruction; 5 of them were diagnosed with pelvic TB before. Thirteen cases had a history of pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB, six out of them without any antituberculosis treatment history. All patients were in their first or second trimester during the onset of symptoms. The average interval between onset of symptoms and radiologic examination was about 21 days. The most common abnormalities on chest computed tomography scan were multiple nodules, pulmonary infiltrate, and consolidation. Merely 10 patients obtained bacteriological diagnosis by Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture or polymerase chain reaction test. The other patients were clinically diagnosed. All the patients received antituberculosis treatment. Although 44% of patients had fatal complications, all cases were cured or improved after antituberculosis treatment. Unfortunately, only eight fetuses survived (10.6%). The most frequent and severe complication was type I respiratory failure (20%). Patients with expectoration, dyspnea, coarse breath sounds, ground-glass opacity, and pulmonary infiltrate or consolidation were more likely to have respiratory failure (P < 0.05). Ground-glass opacity (OR = 48.545, 95% CI = 2.366–995.974, P = 0.012) and pulmonary infiltrate or consolidation (OR = 19.943, 95% CI = 2.159–184.213, P = 0.008) were independent predictors for respiratory failure. Conclusion Tube infertility with underscreened or untreated TB is a risk factor for miliary TB during pregnancy after IVF-ET. Ground-glass opacity and pulmonary infiltrate or consolidation are predictors of respiratory failure. We demonstrate risk factors for incidence and complications to supply clues for future intervention and improve patient prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Emin Peng
- Xiangya International Medical Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan,China
- *Correspondence: Ruoxi He, ;Emin Peng,
| | - Ruoxi He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Center of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Ruoxi He, ;Emin Peng,
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Novel In Silico Insights into Rv1417 and Rv2617c as Potential Protein Targets: The Importance of the Medium on the Structural Interactions with Exported Repetitive Protein (Erp) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132577. [PMID: 35808623 PMCID: PMC9269478 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, tuberculosis is the second leading cause of death from a monopathogenic transmitted disease, only ahead of COVID-19. The role of exported repetitive protein (Erp) in the virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been extensively demonstrated. In vitro and in vivo assays have identified that Erp interacts with Rv1417 and Rv2617c proteins, forming putative transient molecular complexes prior to localization to the cell envelope. Although new insights into the interactions and functions of Erp have emerged over the years, knowledge about its structure and protein–protein interactions at the atomistic level has not been sufficiently explored. In this work, we have combined several in silico methodologies to gain new insights into the structural relationship between these proteins. Two system conditions were evaluated by MD simulations: Rv1417 and Rv2617c embedded in a lipid membrane and another with a semi-polar solvent to mimic the electrostatic conditions on the membrane surface. The Erp protein was simulated as an unanchored structure. Stabilized structures were docked, and complexes were evaluated to recognize the main residues involved in protein–protein interactions. Our results show the influence of the medium on the structural conformation of proteins. Globular conformations were favored under high polarity conditions and showed a higher energetic affinity in complex formation. Meanwhile, disordered conformations were favored under semi-polar conditions and an increase in the number of contacts between residues was observed. In addition, the electrostatic potential analysis showed remarkable changes in protein interactions due to the polarity of the medium, demonstrating the relevance of Erp protein in heterodimer formation. On the other hand, contact analysis showed that several C-terminal residues of Erp were involved in the protein interactions, which seems to contradict experimental observations; however, these complexes could be transient forms. The findings presented in this work are intended to open new perspectives in the studies of Erp protein molecular interactions and to improve the knowledge about its function and role in the virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Collapse
|