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Okagawa Y, Sumiyoshi T, Hanada K, Hirokawa S, Tomita Y, Yoshida M, Minagawa T, Morita K, Yane K, Ihara H, Hirayama M, Kondo H. Is annual screening by fecal immunochemical test necessary after a recent colonoscopy? DEN OPEN 2025; 5:e385. [PMID: 38770399 PMCID: PMC11103454 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Objective The population-based colorectal cancer screening guidelines in Japan recommend an annual fecal immunochemical test (FIT). However, there is no consensus on the need for annual FIT screening for patients who recently performed a total colonoscopy (TCS). Therefore, we evaluated the repeated TCS results for patients with positive FIT after a recent TCS to assess the necessity of an annual FIT. Methods We reviewed patients with positive FIT in opportunistic screening from April 2017 to March 2022. The patients were divided into two groups: those who had undergone TCS within the previous 5 years (previous TCS group) and those who had not (non-previous TCS group). We compared the detection rates of advanced neoplasia and colorectal cancer between the two groups. Results Of 671 patients, 151 had received TCS within 5 years and 520 had not. The detection rates of advanced neoplasia in the previous TCS and non-previous TCS groups were 4.6% and 12.1%, respectively (p < 0.01), and the colorectal cancer detection rates were 0.7% and 1.5%, respectively (no significant difference). The adenoma detection rates were 33.8% in the previous TCS group and 40.0% in the non-previous TCS group (no significant difference). Conclusions Only a few patients were diagnosed with advanced neoplasia among the patients with FIT positive after a recent TCS. For patients with adenomatous lesions on previous TCS, repeated TCS should be performed according to the surveillance program without an annual FIT. The need for an annual FIT for patients without adenomatous lesions on previous TCS should be prospectively assessed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Okagawa
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
| | | | - Kota Hanada
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
| | - Sota Hirokawa
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
| | - Yusuke Tomita
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
| | | | | | - Kohtaro Morita
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
| | - Kei Yane
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
| | - Hideyuki Ihara
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
| | | | - Hitoshi Kondo
- Department of GastroenterologyTonan HospitalHokkaidoJapan
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Zhang J, Deng YT, Liu J, Gan L, Jiang Y. Role of transforming growth factor-β1 pathway in angiogenesis induced by chronic stress in colorectal cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2366451. [PMID: 38857055 PMCID: PMC11168221 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2366451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress can induce stress-related hormones; norepinephrine (NE) is considered to have the highest potential in cancer. NE can stimulate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which is associated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and tumor angiogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. METHODS Tumor-bearing mice were subjected to chronic restraint stress and treated with normal saline, human monoclonal VEGF-A neutralizing antibody bevacizumab, or β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) antagonist (propranolol). Tumor growth and vessel density were also evaluated. Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells were treated with NE, propranolol, or the inhibitor of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptor Type I kinase (Ly2157299) in vitro. TGF-β1 in mouse serum and cell culture supernatants was quantified using ELISA. The expression of HIF-1α was measured using Real time-PCR and western blotting. Cell migration and invasion were tested. RESULTS Chronic restraint stress attenuated the efficacy of bevacizumab and promoted tumor growth and angiogenesis in a colorectal tumor model. Propranolol blocked this effect and inhibited TGF-β1 elevation caused by chronic restraint stress or NE. NE upregulated HIF-1α expression, which was reversed by propranolol or Ly2157299. Propranolol and Ly2157199 blocked NE-stimulated cancer cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the effect of NE on tumor angiogenesis and the critical role of TGF-β1 signaling during this process. In addition, β-AR/TGF-β1 signaling/HIF-1α/VEGF is a potential signaling pathway. This study also indicates that psychosocial stress might be a risk factor which weakens the efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao-Tiao Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Ye C, Liu X, Liu Z, Pan C, Zhang X, Zhao Z, Sun H. Fusobacterium nucleatum in tumors: from tumorigenesis to tumor metastasis and tumor resistance. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2306676. [PMID: 38289287 PMCID: PMC10829845 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2306676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum, an anaerobic Gram-negative bacterium primarily residing in the oral cavity, has garnered significant attention for its emerging role in cancer progression and prognosis. While extensive research has revealed mechanistic links between Fusobacterium nucleatum and colorectal cancer, a comprehensive review spanning its presence and metastatic implications in cancers beyond colorectal origin is conspicuously absent. This paper broadens our perspective from colorectal cancer to various malignancies associated with Fusobacterium nucleatum, including oral, pancreatic, esophageal, breast, and gastric cancers. Our central focus is to unravel the mechanisms governing Fusobacterium nucleatum colonization, initiation, and promotion of metastasis across diverse cancer types. Additionally, we explore Fusobacterium nucleatum's adverse impacts on cancer therapies, particularly within the domains of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Furthermore, this paper underscores the clinical research significance of Fusobacterium nucleatum as a potential tumor biomarker and therapeutic target, offering a novel outlook on its applicability in cancer detection and prognostic assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ye
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zilun Liu
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuxuan Pan
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanyi Zhao
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Central People’s Hospital of Ji’an, Shanghai East Hospital of Ji’an, Ji’an, China
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4
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Bu C, Wang Z, Lv X, Zhao Y. A dual-gene panel of two fragments of methylated IRF4 and one of ZEB2 in plasma cell-free DNA for gastric cancer detection. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2374988. [PMID: 39003776 PMCID: PMC11249030 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2374988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Early detection is crucial for increasing the survival rate of gastric cancer (GC). We aimed to identify a methylated cell-free DNA (cfDNA) marker panel for detecting GC. The differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) were selected from datasets of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The selected DMCs were validated and further selected in tissue samples (40 gastric cancer and 36 healthy white blood cell samples) and in a quarter sample volume of plasma samples (37 gastric cancer, 12 benign gastric disease, and 43 healthy individuals). The marker combination selected was then evaluated in a normal sample volume of plasma samples (35 gastric cancer, 39 control diseases, and 40 healthy individuals) using real-time methylation-specific PCR (MSP). The analysis of the results compared methods based on 2-ΔΔCt values and Ct values. In the results, 30 DMCs were selected through bioinformatics methods, and then 5 were selected for biological validation. The marker combination of two fragments of IRF4 (IRF4-1 and IRF4-2) and one of ZEB2 was selected due to its good performance. The Ct-based method was selected for its good results and practical advantages. The assay, IRF4-1 and IRF4-2 in one fluorescence channel and ZEB2 in another, obtained 74.3% sensitivity for the GC group at any stage, at 92.4% specificity. In conclusion, the panel of IRF4 and ZEB2 in plasma cfDNA demonstrates good diagnostic performance and application potential in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Bu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging,The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- Henan Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xianping Lv
- Department of Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanteng Zhao
- Department of Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Sharma S. Unraveling the role of long non-coding RNAs in therapeutic resistance in acute myeloid leukemia: New prospects & challenges. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:1203-1221. [PMID: 39036603 PMCID: PMC11259994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a fatal hematological disease characterized by the unchecked proliferation of immature myeloid blasts in different tissues developed by various mutations in hematopoiesis. Despite intense chemotherapeutic regimens, patients often experience poor outcomes, leading to substandard remission rates. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have increasingly become important prognostic and therapeutic hotspots, due to their contributions to dysregulating many functional epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-translational mechanisms leading to alterations in cell expressions, resulting in increased chemoresistance and reduced apoptosis in leukemic cells. Through this review, I highlight and discuss the latest advances in understanding the major mechanisms through which lncRNAs confer therapy resistance in AML. In addition, I also provide perspective on the current strategies to target lncRNA expressions. A better knowledge of the critical role that lncRNAs play in controlling treatment outcomes in AML will help improve existing medications and devise new ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhant Sharma
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Li M, Freeman S, Franco-Barraza J, Cai KQ, Kim A, Jin S, Cukierman E, Ye K. A bioprinted sea-and-island multicellular model for dissecting human pancreatic tumor-stroma reciprocity and adaptive metabolism. Biomaterials 2024; 310:122631. [PMID: 38815457 PMCID: PMC11186049 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) presents a formidable clinical challenge due to its intricate microenvironment characterized by desmoplasia and complex tumor-stroma interactions. Conventional models hinder studying cellular crosstalk for therapeutic development. To recapitulate key features of PDAC masses, this study creates a novel sea-and-island PDAC tumor construct (s&i PTC). The s&i PTC consists of 3D-printed islands of human PDAC cells positioned within an interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM) populated by human cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). This design closely mimics the in vivo desmoplastic architecture and nutrient-poor conditions. The model enables studying dynamic tumor-stroma crosstalk and signaling reciprocity, revealing both known and yet-to-be-discovered multicellular metabolic adaptations. Using the model, we discovered the orchestrated dynamic alterations of CAFs under nutrient stress, resembling critical in vivo human tumor niches, such as the secretion of pro-tumoral inflammatory factors. Additionally, nutrient scarcity induces dynamic alterations in the ECM composition and exacerbates poor cancer cell differentiation-features well-established in PDAC progression. Proteomic analysis unveiled the enrichment of proteins associated with aggressive tumor behavior and ECM remodeling in response to poor nutritional conditions, mimicking the metabolic stresses experienced by avascular pancreatic tumor cores. Importantly, the model's relevance to patient outcomes is evident through an inverse correlation between biomarker expression patterns in the s&i PTCs and PDAC patient survival rates. Key findings include upregulated MMPs and key ECM proteins (such as collagen 11 and TGFβ) under nutrient-avid conditions, known to be regulated by CAFs, alongside the concomitant reduction in E-cadherin expression associated with a poorly differentiated PDAC state under nutrient deprivation. Furthermore, elevated levels of hyaluronic acid (HA) and integrins in response to nutrient deprivation underscore the model's fidelity to the PDAC microenvironment. We also observed increased IL-6 and reduced α-SMA expression under poor nutritional conditions, suggesting a transition of CAFs from myofibroblastic to inflammatory phenotypes under a nutrient stress akin to in vivo niches. In conclusion, the s&i PTC represents a significant advancement in engineering clinically relevant 3D models of PDAC masses. It offers a promising platform for elucidating tumor-stroma interactions and guiding future therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Binghamton University, SUNY, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Sebastian Freeman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Binghamton University, SUNY, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Janusz Franco-Barraza
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Lewis Katz Temple School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kathy Q Cai
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Lewis Katz Temple School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Binghamton University, SUNY, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Sha Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Binghamton University, SUNY, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Edna Cukierman
- Cancer Signaling and Microenvironment Program, Marvin and Concetta Greenberg Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Lewis Katz Temple School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Kaiming Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Binghamton University, SUNY, Binghamton, NY, USA.
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Villaseñor-Echavarri R, Melchor-Ruan J, Aranda-Audelo M, Arredondo-Saldaña G, Volkow-Fernandez P, Manzano-Robleda MDC, Padilla-Rosciano AE, Vilar-Compte D. Surgical site infection following pancreaticoduodenectomy in a referral cancer center in Mexico. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:502-508. [PMID: 37076378 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreaticoduodenectomy is the standard treatment for resectable periampullary cancer. Surgical site infections (SSI) are common complications with increased morbidity. The study aimed to describe the prevalence, risk factors, microbiology, and outcomes of SSI among patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study in a referral cancer center between January 2015 and June 2021. We analyzed baseline patient characteristics and SSI occurrence. Culture results and susceptibility patterns were described. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine risk factors, proportional hazards model to evaluate mortality, and Kaplan-Meier analysis to assess long-term survival. RESULTS A total of 219 patients were enrolled in the study; 101 (46%) developed SSI. Independent factors for SSI were diabetes mellitus, preoperative albumin level, biliary drainage, biliary prostheses, and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula. The main pathogens were Enterobacteria and Enterococci. Multidrug-resistance rate in SSI was high but not associated with increased mortality. Infected patients had higher odds of sepsis, longer hospital stay and intensive care unit stay, and readmission rate. Neither 30-day mortality nor long-term survival was significantly different between infected and non-infected patients. CONCLUSIONS SSI prevalence among patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy was high and largely caused by resistant microorganisms. Most risk factors were related to preoperative instrumentation of the biliary tree. SSI was associated with greater risk of unfavorable outcomes; however, survival was unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Villaseñor-Echavarri
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico; School of Medicine, Universidad Panamericana, Augusto Rodin No. 498, Insurgentes Mixcoac, Benito Juárez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Javier Melchor-Ruan
- Department of Digestive Tube and Hepatopancreatobiliary Tumors, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mercedes Aranda-Audelo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Manuel Gea González, Calz. de Tlalpan 4800, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Arredondo-Saldaña
- Department of Digestive Tube and Hepatopancreatobiliary Tumors, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia Volkow-Fernandez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Del Carmen Manzano-Robleda
- Gastrointestinal and Endoscopy Department, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro E Padilla-Rosciano
- Department of Digestive Tube and Hepatopancreatobiliary Tumors, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diana Vilar-Compte
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico.
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8
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Zhang Z, Wu C, Liu N, Wang Z, Pan Z, Jiang Y, Tian J, Sun M. Modified Banxiaxiexin decoction benefitted chemotherapy in treating gastric cancer by regulating multiple targets and pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118277. [PMID: 38697407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chemotherapy tolerance weakened efficacy of chemotherapy drugs in the treating gastric cancer (GC). Banxiaxiexin decoction (BXXXD) was widely used in digestive diseases for thousands of years in Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In order to better treat GC, three other herbs were added to BXXXD to create a new prescription named Modified Banxiaxiexin decoction (MBXXXD). Although MBXXXD potentially treated GC by improving chemotherapy tolerance, the possible mechanisms were still unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the therapeutic effect of MBXXXD on GC patients and explore the possible anti-cancer mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomized controlled trial (n = 146) was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy between MBXXXD + chemotherapy (n = 73) and placebo + chemotherapy (n = 73) in GC patients by testing overall survival, progression free survival, clinical symptoms, quality of life score, tumor markers, T cell subpopulation, and adverse reactions. Network pharmacology was conducted to discover the potential mechanism of MBXXXD in treating GC. Metabolic activity assay, cell clone colony formation and mitochondrial apoptosis were detected in human GC cell lines including AGS cell, KNM-45 cell and SGC7901 cell treated by MBXXXD. Multiple pathways including P53, AKT, IκB, P65, P38, ERK, JNK p-AKT, p-P65, p-P38, p-ERK and p-JNK in AGS cell, KNM-45 cell and SGC7901 cell treated by MBXXXD and GC patients treated by MBXXXD + chemotherapy were also detected. RESULTS MBXXXD + chemotherapy promoted overall survival and progression free survival, improved clinical symptoms and quality of life score, increased T4 lymphocyte ratio and T8 lymphocyte ratio as well as T4/T8 lymphocyte ratio, and alleviated adverse reactions in GC patients. Network pharmacology predicted multiple targets and pathways of MBXXXD in treating GC including apoptosis, P53 pathway, AKT pathway, MAPK pathway. MBXXXD inhibited cell viability, decreased cell clone colony formation, and promoted mitochondrial apoptosis by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS), promoting mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) and the cleavage of pro-caspase-3 and pro-caspase-9, and decreasing mito-tracker red Chloromethyl-X-rosamine (CMXRos) in AGS cell, KNM-45 cell and SGC7901 cell. MBXXXD up-regulated the expression of P53 and IκB, and down-regulated the expression of p-AKT, p-P65, p-P38, p-ERK, p-JNK, AKT, P65, P38, ERK and JNK AGS cell, KNM-45 cell and SGC7901 cell treated by MBXXXD and GC patients treated by MBXXXD + chemotherapy. CONCLUSION MBXXXD benefitted chemotherapy for GC by regulating multiple targets and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Institute of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Shanghai, 200071, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Chao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Ningning Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Department of Pathology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 528 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Ziyang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yulang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jianhui Tian
- Institute of Oncology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Shanghai, 200071, China; Clinical Oncology Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of TCM, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, 200071, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Sánchez-Quezada V, Velázquez-Guadarrama N, Mendoza-Elizalde S, Hernández-Iturriaga M, Landaverde PV, Loarca-Piña G. Bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds present in Persea americana Mill. seed ingredient during oral-gastric digestion with antibacterial capacity against Helicobacter pylori. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118259. [PMID: 38685366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In ancient Mexican cultures, the Persea americana Mill seed has been used against gastrointestinal diseases, due to high concentrations of bioactive compounds. According to Traditional Mexican Medicine, P. americana seed aqueous infusion is used against roundworms, intestinal worms, parasites, and gastrointestinal problems, in a dose taken over three or four days. In addition, Mexican Society of Natural History indicates the traditional use of P. americana seed powder as an antiparasitic, and antibacterial. On the other hand, Helicobacter pylori infection is a factor associated with the development of gastric disease, peptic ulcers as well as some types of gastric lymphomas and gastric cancer in humans; in this way is necessary scientific evidence about P. americana seed effect in gastrointestinal disease. AIM OF THE STUDY The work aimed to evaluate bioactive compounds bioaccessibility and antimicrobial potential against Helicobacter pylori during oral-gastric digestion in vitro of food ingredient from Persea americana Mill. seed and elucidate the possible action mechanism using in silico tools. MATERIALS AND METHODS Initially, P. americana seed oil and aqueous extract of P. americana seed were obtained using ultrasound and maceration respectively, and the food ingredient from P. americana seed was obtained. The samples underwent oral-gastric digestions by the INFOGEST method, to continue identifying and quantifying the bioactive compounds by HPLC-DAD and GC-MS. The anti-Helicobacter pylori activity determination were used fourteen Helicobacter pylori clinical strains and reference strains by Susceptibility testing by Minimal Inhibition Concentration, Kinetics of Growth Inhibition of H. pylori, Urease Inhibitory Kinetic. Finally, to elucidate a possible action mechanism used in silico tools (Software AutoDock 4.2.6 and BioVia Discovery v.19.1.0.1.18287). RESULTS The lipophilic fraction of P. americana seed detected oleic acid, linoleic acid, and avocadenofuran compounds, and the phenolic fraction showed the presence of catechin, rutin, ellagic, and chlorogenic acid, among others. Phenolic compounds conformational changes during oral-gastric digestion due to mechanical and acid hydrolysis, while lipophilic compounds showed a 20% increase in the gastric phase. Persea americana Mill. seed ingredient (3.08 μg/mL) showed total in vitro inhibition of clinical and reference strains of H. pylori, likewise, the lipophilic fraction had a lower inhibition concentration (2.59 μg/mL) regardless of the strains. Among the mechanisms found in silico, inhibition of target proteins such as CagA, BabA, and MUC5 were observed, as virulence factors involving adherence and bacterial pathogenicity. CONCLUSIONS This research provides evidence that food ingredient from P. americana seed has antimicrobial in vitro potential against H. pylori clinical strains, through phenolic and mainly lipophilic compounds, opening new scientific evidence that supports the P. americana seed's traditional use.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sánchez-Quezada
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República (PROPAC), Research and Graduate Studies in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - N Velázquez-Guadarrama
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Área de Genética Bacteriana, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico.
| | - S Mendoza-Elizalde
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Área de Genética Bacteriana, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico.
| | - M Hernández-Iturriaga
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República (PROPAC), Research and Graduate Studies in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - P Vázquez Landaverde
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada (CICATA), Unidad Querétaro CICATA-IPN Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - G Loarca-Piña
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República (PROPAC), Research and Graduate Studies in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico.
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10
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Wang Y, Wang W, Liu K, Liu Y, Shen X, Li Q, Deng F, Hao X, Wang Y. The mechanism of Xihuang pills' intervention in the tumour immune microenvironment for the treatment of liver cancer based on the STAT3-PDL1 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118278. [PMID: 38710457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xihuang pills, a time-honored Chinese compound formula with a history spanning thousands of years, have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in treating various cancers, such as breast cancer, colon cancer, and liver cancer. Clinical applications over the years have established their effectiveness. Several scholars conducting experimental studies have elucidated the potent tumor-suppressing effects of Xihuang pills. While the inhibition of tumor vascular development and prevention of tumor cell invasion and metastasis have been well-explored mechanisms, the impact on the tumor immune microenvironment has received less attention. This study focuses on investigating the immune microenvironment adjustments induced by Xihuang pills in hepatocellular carcinoma. AIM OF THE STUDY Tumour cells will find an escape phenomenon during tumour immunotherapy, which will affect immunotherapy results. We will research the regulation of the tumour immune microenvironment, to provide a more complete and precise basis for the elucidation of the mechanism of Xihuang pills in treating cancers. It provides new research ideas for people to treat liver cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Through in vivo and in vitro assessments confirming the intervention effects of Xihuang pills, we observed alterations in T cell typing, macrophage polarization, and tumor-associated cytokine levels. The primary active ingredients of Xihuang pills were identified using UPLC-MS/GC-MS, and relevant pathways in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma were predicted through network pharmacology. Combining the network pharmacology approach, we predicted the pathways relevant to Xihuang pills in treating hepatocellular carcinoma and experimentally validated the involvement of PD-1/PD-L1, a key immunity-related axis. RESULTS Xihuang Pill has a regulatory effect on the tumor immune microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that Xihuang pills could impact splenic lymphocyte phenotyping, macrophage polarization, and IL-6 cytokine expression in liver cancer mice. The mechanism of action was associated with the regulation of the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway by the STAT3 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Kaili Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Yanzhi Liu
- Shanxi Zhendong Anxin Biopharmaceutical Co., Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Qiule Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Fanying Deng
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Xuliang Hao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 75, section 1, Jinci Road, WanBailin District, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yingli Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China.
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11
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Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Tang D, Zhang S, Wang L, Zou X, Ni Z, Zhang S, Lv Y, Xiang N. High-throughput enrichment of portal venous circulating tumor cells for highly sensitive diagnosis of CA19-9-negative pancreatic cancer patients using inertial microfluidics. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 259:116411. [PMID: 38781696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is commonly used as a representative biomarker for pancreatic cancer (PC); however, it lacks sensitivity and specificity for early-stage PC diagnosis. Furthermore, some patients with PC are negative for CA19-9 (<37 U/mL), which introduces additional limitations to their accurate diagnosis and treatment. Hence, improved methods to accurately detect PC stages in CA19-9-negative patients are warranted. In this study, tumor-proximal liquid biopsy and inertial microfluidics were coupled to enable high-throughput enrichment of portal venous circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and support the effective diagnosis of patients with early-stage PC. The proposed inertial microfluidic system was shown to provide size-based enrichment of CTCs using inertial focusing and Dean flow effects in slanted spiral channels. Notably, portal venous blood samples were found to have twice the yield of CTCs (21.4 cells per 5 mL) compared with peripheral blood (10.9 CTCs per 5 mL). A combination of peripheral and portal CTC data along with CA19-9 results showed to greatly improve the average accuracy of CA19-9-negative PC patients from 47.1% with regular CA19-9 tests up to 87.1%. Hence, portal venous CTC-based microfluidic biopsy can be used with high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of early-stage PC, particularly in CA19-9-negative patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixian Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Yixuan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing University Institute of Pancreatology, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dezhi Tang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing University Institute of Pancreatology, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing University Institute of Pancreatology, China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing University Institute of Pancreatology, China
| | - Zhonghua Ni
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing University Institute of Pancreatology, China.
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No.321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China; Nanjing University Institute of Pancreatology, China.
| | - Nan Xiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China.
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12
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Asgharzadeh F, Memarzia A, Alikhani V, Beigoli S, Boskabady MH. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: Key regulators of tumor progression and growth. Transl Oncol 2024; 47:102039. [PMID: 38917593 PMCID: PMC11254173 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the main causes of death on the globe is cancer. Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear hormone receptors, including PPARα, PPARδ and PPARγ, which are important in regulating cancer cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis, and tumor growth. Activation of PPARs by endogenous or synthetic compounds regulates tumor progression in various tissues. Although each PPAR isotype suppresses or promotes tumor development depending on the specific tissues or ligands, the mechanism is still unclear. PPARs are receiving interest as possible therapeutic targets for a number of disorders. Numerous clinical studies are being conducted on PPARs as possible therapeutic targets for cancer. Therefore, this review will focus on the existing and future uses of PPARs agonists and antagonists in treating malignancies. PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases were searched regarding the effect of PPARs on various types of cancers until the end of May 2023. The results of the review articles showed the therapeutic influence of PPARs on a wide range of cancer on in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. However, further experimental and clinical studies are needed to be conducted on the influence of PPARs on various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Asgharzadeh
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arghavan Memarzia
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vida Alikhani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Sima Beigoli
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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13
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Xie SH, Zhang WF, Wu Y, Tang ZL, Yang LT, Xue YJ, Lin JB, Kang MQ. Application of predictive model based on CT radiomics and machine learning in diagnosis for occult locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma before treatment: A two-center study. Transl Oncol 2024; 47:102050. [PMID: 38981245 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Development and validation of a radiomics model for predicting occult locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC) on computed tomography (CT) radiomic features before implementation of treatment. METHODS The study retrospectively collected 574 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) from two medical centers, which were divided into three cohorts for training, internal and external validation. After delineating volume of interest (VOI), radiomics features were extracted and subjected to feature selection using three robust methods. Subsequently, 10 machine learning models were constructed, among which the optimal model was utilized to establish a radiomics signature. Furthermore, a predictive nomogram incorporating both clinical and radiomics signatures was developed. The performance of these models was evaluated through receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, decision curve analysis as well as measures including accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS A total of 19 radiomics features were selected. The multilayer perceptron (MLP), which was found to be optimal, achieved an AUC of 0.919, 0.864 and 0.882 in the training, internal and external validation cohorts, respectively. Similarly, MLP showed good accuracy in distinguish occult LA-ESCC in subgroup of cT1-2N0M0 diagnosed by clinicians with 0.803 and 0.789 in two validation cohorts respectively. By incorporating the radiomics signature with clinical signature, a predictive nomogram demonstrated superior prediction performance with an AUC of 0.877 and accuracy of 0.85 in external validation cohort. CONCLUSION The radiomics and machine learning model can offers improved accuracy in prediction of occult LA-ESCC, providing valuable assistance to clinicians when choosing treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Han Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery(Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wan-Fei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital, Quanzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; The School of Medical Imaging, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zi-Lu Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital, Quanzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Li-Tao Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Baoji Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yun-Jing Xue
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jiang-Bo Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery(Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ming-Qiang Kang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery(Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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14
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Elebo N, Mpinganjira MG, Baichan P, Devar J, Omoshoro-Jones J, Francis JM, Smith M, Nweke EE. The need for research targeting the link between occupational carcinogens and hepatopancreatobiliary cancers in Africa: A systematic review. Transl Oncol 2024; 47:102036. [PMID: 38878612 PMCID: PMC11225925 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) cancers encompassing malignancies of the liver, pancreas, gall bladder, and bile ducts pose a significant health burden in Africa. While the association of certain occupational carcinogens in cancer is well established globally, their potential role in HPB cancers remains understudied, especially in an African context. AIM This systematic review delves into the association between occupational carcinogens and HPB cancer in Africa. It examines the current state of research on occupational carcinogens and HPB cancers in Africa, identifying key challenges and knowledge gaps. METHODS This systematic review examined publications (published between 01 January 2012 and 31 May 2023) that highlight occupational carcinogens and HBP cancers in Africa. The search was conducted on electronic databases namely PubMed, Web of Science, and Africa Wide Information. RESULT Due to the lack of information on the association between occupational carcinogens and HPB cancers in Africa, as a result of the paucity of published studies, only four articles were included in this study. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was the predominant cancer associated with the occupational carcinogen, aflatoxin. Agricultural workers, especially those involved in the production and processing of maize and peanuts, appear to be the most exposed to aflatoxin. CONCLUSION Despite the sample size limitations due to the paucity of research studies on occupational carcinogens and HPB cancers in Africa, this study provides a reasonable tool for subsequent epidemiological studies. There is a need for more research on the association of occupational carcinogens and HPB cancers in Africa, especially with the growing industrialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nnenna Elebo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa; International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mafuno Grace Mpinganjira
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Pavan Baichan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - John Devar
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa; Hepatopancreatobiliary unit, Department of Surgery, Chris Hani-Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jones Omoshoro-Jones
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa; Hepatopancreatobiliary unit, Department of Surgery, Chris Hani-Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Joel Msafiri Francis
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Martin Smith
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa; Hepatopancreatobiliary unit, Department of Surgery, Chris Hani-Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ekene Emmanuel Nweke
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand. Johannesburg 2193, Gauteng, South Africa; Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, Roodepoort, South Africa.
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15
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Sun J, Zhang S, Wang M, Cheng H, Wang Y, He S, Zuo Q, Wang N, Li Q, Wang M. Cinobufacini enhances the therapeutic response of 5-Fluorouracil against gastric cancer by targeting cancer stem cells via AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling axis. Transl Oncol 2024; 47:102054. [PMID: 38970916 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) play crucial role in the development, recurrence, and resistance of gastric cancer (GC). Cinobufacini, a traditional Chinese medicine, offers significant advantages in improving tumor therapy. However, pre-clinical investigation into the antitumor effect and mechanism of Cinobufacini on GC is still lacking. Additionally, it has not been reported whether Cinobufacini is related to cancer stem cells (CSCs). METHODS The CCK-8, clone formation, EdU staining, transwell and wound healing experiments were performed to assess the cell toxicity of Cinobufacini and demonstrate the preventive effects of Cinobufacini on proliferation, invasion, and migration of GC cells. Elucidating the underlying mechanism of Cinobufacini in GC based on the transcriptome sequencing. Flow cytometry assays, sphere formation assays, subcutaneous xenograft model in nude mice, and immunofluorescent staining have been used to investigate whether the anti-GC effect of Cinobufacini is associated with GCSCs and enhancing therapeutic response to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). RESULTS Cinobufacini exerts minimal impact on normal human gastric epithelium cell GES-1, while significantly suppressing the proliferation, invasion, and migration of GC cell lines. Additionally, Cinobufacini attenuates the stemness of GCSCs by disrupting the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling cascade. Moreover, Cinobufacin enhances the anti-tumor effects of 5-FU against GCSCs by reducing in vitro sphere formation and inhibiting subcutaneous graft tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Cinobufacini enhances the therapeutic response of 5-FU against GC by targeting CSCs via AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling axis. Our findings offer a crucial insight into the molecular mechanism of Cinobufacini's anticancer activity in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiejie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Sufeng Zhang
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Shiming He
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Qiang Zuo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230061, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China.
| | - Manman Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China.
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16
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Lyu SI, Fretter C, Simon AG, Spielmann SM, Damanakis AI, Zhao Y, Bruns CJ, Schmidt T, Popp FC, Waldschmidt D, Quaas A, Knipper K. Extent and clinical significance of the therapy-relevant tight junction protein Claudin 18.2 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma - real-world evidence. Transl Oncol 2024; 47:102044. [PMID: 38917592 PMCID: PMC11255103 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with poor prognosis, wherefore targeted therapies have experienced increasing interest. Zolbetuximab is a novel targeted therapy under investigation in patients with PDAC and targets Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2), which is a component of tight junctions and is of significance in various solid tumors. As its role in PDAC is not definitively elucidated, this study aims to clarify the significance of CLDN18.2 expression in PDAC in a real-world setting. METHODS All patients (n = 309) were recruited at one of the PANCALYZE study centers and received pancreatic resection with curative intention. Paraffin samples were analyzed using an antibody against CLDN18.2, which is known to be comparable to the antibody used by the SPOTLIGHT and GLOW studies. RESULTS 94 PDACs are positive for CLDN18.2 (30.4 %). Positive CLDN 18.2 expression was associated with significantly better cancer differentiation (p < 0.001). Patients with positive CLDN18.2 expression showed significantly better overall survival when compared to patients with negative expression (median OS: 30 versus 18 months, p = 0.003). Additionally, in multivariable analyses, CLDN18.2 expression was identified as an independent factor for better survival in patients with PDAC (HR = 0.686, 95 %CI = 0.492-0.956, p = 0.026). CONCLUSION Significant improvement in survival could be demonstrated by adding Zolbetuximab to known chemotherapy regimes in patients with gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma with at least 75 % CLDN18.2 positive cancer cells. Our findings demonstrate, that 30.4 % of the included patients with PDAC would potentially be eligible for therapy with Zolbetuximab in a real-world patient cohort. Results of trials targeting Claudin 18.2 are pending in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Ir Lyu
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Caroline Fretter
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Adrian Georg Simon
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sarah-Michele Spielmann
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander I Damanakis
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yue Zhao
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christiane J Bruns
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix C Popp
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dirk Waldschmidt
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karl Knipper
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Hsu CY, Faisal A, Jumaa SS, Gilmanova NS, Ubaid M, Athab AH, Mirzaei R, Karampoor S. Exploring the impact of circRNAs on cancer glycolysis: Insights into tumor progression and therapeutic strategies. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:970-994. [PMID: 38770106 PMCID: PMC11103225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit altered metabolic pathways, prominently featuring enhanced glycolytic activity to sustain their rapid growth and proliferation. Dysregulation of glycolysis is a well-established hallmark of cancer and contributes to tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Increased glycolysis supplies the energy necessary for increased proliferation and creates an acidic milieu, which in turn encourages tumor cells' infiltration, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as pivotal players in diverse biological processes, including cancer development and metabolic reprogramming. The interplay between circRNAs and glycolysis is explored, illuminating how circRNAs regulate key glycolysis-associated genes and enzymes, thereby influencing tumor metabolic profiles. In this overview, we highlight the mechanisms by which circRNAs regulate glycolytic enzymes and modulate glycolysis. In addition, we discuss the clinical implications of dysregulated circRNAs in cancer glycolysis, including their potential use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. All in all, in this overview, we provide the most recent findings on how circRNAs operate at the molecular level to control glycolysis in various types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), prostate cancer (PCa), colorectal cancer (CRC), cervical cancer (CC), glioma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, and gastric cancer (GC). In conclusion, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the significance of circRNAs in cancer glycolysis, shedding light on their intricate roles in tumor development and presenting innovative therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chou-Yi Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan City, 71710, Taiwan
- Thunderbird School of Global Management, Arizona State University Tempe Campus, Phoenix, Arizona, 85004, USA
| | - Ahmed Faisal
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Noor University College, Nineveh, Iraq
| | - Sally Salih Jumaa
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Nataliya Sergeevna Gilmanova
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russia, Moscow
| | - Mohammed Ubaid
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Aya H. Athab
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom & Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal & Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Marima R, Basera A, Miya T, Damane BP, Kandhavelu J, Mirza S, Penny C, Dlamini Z. Exosomal long non-coding RNAs in cancer: Interplay, modulation, and therapeutic avenues. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:887-900. [PMID: 38616862 PMCID: PMC11015109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In the intricate field of cancer biology, researchers are increasingly intrigued by the emerging role of exosomal long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) due to their multifaceted interactions, complex modulation mechanisms, and potential therapeutic applications. These exosomal lncRNAs, carried within extracellular vesicles, play a vital partin tumorigenesis and disease progression by facilitating communication networks between tumor cells and their local microenvironment, making them an ideal candidates for use in a liquid biopsy approach. However, exosomal lncRNAs remain an understudied area, especially in cancer biology. Therefore this review aims to comprehensively explore the dynamic interplay between exosomal lncRNAs and various cellular components, including interactions with tumor-stroma, immune modulation, and drug resistance mechanisms. Understanding the regulatory functions of exosomal lncRNAs in these processes can potentially unveil novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for cancer. Additionally, the emergence of RNA-based therapeutics presents exciting opportunities for targeting exosomal lncRNAs, offering innovative strategies to combat cancer progression and improve treatment outcomes. Thus, this review provides insights into the current understanding of exosomal lncRNAs in cancer biology, highlighting their crucial roles, regulatory mechanisms, and the evolving landscape of therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, we have also discussed the advantage of exosomes as therapeutic carriers of lncRNAs for the development of personalized targeted therapy for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahaba Marima
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Afra Basera
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Thabiso Miya
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Botle Precious Damane
- Department of Surgery, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Jeyalakshmi Kandhavelu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sheefa Mirza
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Clement Penny
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
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Pang B, Zuo B, Huang L, You X, Liu T, Hao J, Yuan C, Yang C, Yee Lau W, Zhang Y. Real-world efficacy and safety of TACE-HAIC combined with TKIs and PD-1 inhibitors in initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112492. [PMID: 38906005 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Local treatment may function synergistically with immunotherapy and targeted agents. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors in patients with initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on patients diagnosed with initially uHCC who received combined treatment of TACE-HAIC combined with TKIs and PD-1 inhibitors from July 2020 to February 2023. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) and adverse events (AEs). Objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and conversion surgery rate (CSR), whereas the secondary endpoints. RESULTS After screening, a total of 62 patients were selected for this study. The overall median OS was 18.2 (95% CI 16.24-20.16) months and median PFS was 9.2 (95% CI 7.24-11.16) months. Based on the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) criteria and RECIST v1.1 criteria, ORR was 67.7% (42/62), and the DCR was 90.3% (56/62), the CSR was 27.4% (17/62). The most common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were transaminitis (56.4%, 35/62), nausea and vomiting (43.5%, 27/62), thrombocytopenia (37.1%, 23/62), abdominal pain (33.9%, 21/62), and fever (33.9%, 21/62). CONCLUSIONS TKIs combined with PD-1 inhibitors plus TACE-HAIC therapy represents an effective and tolerable treatment option in patients with uHCC. Patients undergoing surgery after combination therapy may have survival benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beichuan Pang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bangyou Zuo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyu You
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianjie Hao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengxiang Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Taikang Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chong Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wan Yee Lau
- Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Ayaz MO, Bhat AQ, Akhter Z, Badsera N, Hossain MM, Showket F, Parveen S, Dar MS, Tiwari H, Kumari N, Bhardwaj M, Hussain R, Sharma A, Kumar M, Singh U, Nargorta A, Kshatri AS, Nandi U, Monga SP, Ramajayan P, Singh PP, Dar MJ. Identification of a novel GSK3β inhibitor involved in abrogating KRas dependent pancreatic tumors in Wnt/beta-catenin and NF-kB dependent manner. Life Sci 2024; 351:122840. [PMID: 38876185 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy with a poor survival rate because it is difficult to diagnose the disease during its early stages. The currently available treatments, which include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, offer only limited survival benefit. Pharmacological interventions to inhibit Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3beta (GSK3β) activity is an important therapeutic strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer because GSK3β is one of the key factors involved in the onset, progression as well as in the acquisition of chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer. Here, we report the identification of MJ34 as a potent GSK3β inhibitor that significantly reduced growth and survival of human mutant KRas dependent pancreatic tumors. MJ34 mediated GSK3β inhibition was seen to induce apoptosis in a β-catenin dependent manner and downregulate NF-kB activity in MiaPaCa-2 cells thereby impeding cell survival and anti-apoptotic processes in these cells as well as in the xenograft model of pancreatic cancer. In vivo acute toxicity and in vitro cardiotoxicity studies indicate that MJ34 is well tolerated without any adverse effects. Taken together, we report the discovery of MJ34 as a potential drug candidate for the therapeutic treatment of mutant KRas-dependent human cancers through pharmacological inhibition of GSK3β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Owais Ayaz
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Aadil Qadir Bhat
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Zaheen Akhter
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India; Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Neetu Badsera
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Md Mehedi Hossain
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Farheen Showket
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Sabra Parveen
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Mohmmad Saleem Dar
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Harshita Tiwari
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India; Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Nedhi Kumari
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India; Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Mahir Bhardwaj
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India; Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Razak Hussain
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Division of Neuroscience and Aging Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute CDRI, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Medicinal Product Chemistry, Sussex Drug Discovery Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Umed Singh
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Department f Chemistry, E331 Chemistry Building, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, USA
| | - Amit Nargorta
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India; Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Aravind Singh Kshatri
- Division of Neuroscience and Aging Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute CDRI, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Utpal Nandi
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India; Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Satdarshan Pal Monga
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - P Ramajayan
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India; Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Parvinder Pal Singh
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India; Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Mohd Jamal Dar
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India.
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Qin B, Xiong Q, Xin L, Li K, Shi W, Song Q, Sun Q, Shao J, Zhang J, Zhao X, Liu J, Wang J, Yang B. Synergistic effect of additional anlotinib and immunotherapy as second-line or later-line treatment in pancreatic cancer: A retrospective cohort study. CANCER INNOVATION 2024; 3:e123. [PMID: 38948252 PMCID: PMC11212301 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is in urgent need of a second-line or later-line treatment strategy. We aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of additional anlotinib, specifically anlotinib in combination with immunotherapy, in patients with PDAC who have failed first-line therapy. Methods Patients with pathological diagnosis of PDAC were additionally treated with anlotinib, and some patients were treated with anti-PD-1 agents at the same time, which could be retrospectively analyzed. The efficacy and safety of additional anlotinib were evaluated. Results A total of 23 patients were included. In patients treated with additional anlotinib, the overall median progression-free survival (PFS) was 1.8 months and the median overall survival (OS) was 6.3 months, regardless of anti-PD-1 agents. Among patients receiving additional anlotinib in combination with anti-PD-1 agents, median PFS and OS were 1.8 and 6.5 months, respectively. Adverse events (AEs) were observed in 16 patients (69.6%). In patients treated with additional anlotinib, the majority of AEs were grade 1-3. Univariate analysis revealed that patients with baseline red blood cell distribution width (RDW) <14% treated with additional anlotinib plus anti-PD-1 agents had significantly longer OS than patients with baseline RDW ≥14% (p = 0.025). Patients with additional anlotinib plus anti-PD-1 agents as second-line therapy had a longer OS than those treated as later-line therapy (p = 0.012). Multivariate analysis showed that baseline RDW was the only independent risk factor for OS (p = 0.042). Conclusion The combination of anlotinib and immunotherapy represents an effective add-on therapy with tolerable AEs as second- or later-line therapy in patients with PDAC, particularly in patients with baseline RDW <14%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Qin
- Department of OncologyThe Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Qi Xiong
- Department of OncologyThe Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Lingli Xin
- Department of Gynaecology and ObstetricsPLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical CenterBeijingChina
- Department of Graduate AdministrationChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Ke Li
- Department of OncologyThe First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Weiwei Shi
- Department of OncologyThe Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Qi Song
- Department of OncologyThe Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Qiong Sun
- Department of OncologyThe Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jiakang Shao
- Department of OncologyThe Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of OncologyThe Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Department of OncologyThe Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Department of PharmacyMedical Supplies Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jinliang Wang
- Department of OncologyThe Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of OncologyThe Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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Kan NN, Yu CY, Cheng YF, Hsu CC, Chen CL, Hsu HW, Weng CC, Tsang LLC, Chuang YH, Huang PH, Lim WX, Chen CP, Liao CC, Ou HY. Combined Hounsfield units of hepatocellular carcinoma on computed tomography and PET as a noninvasive predictor of early recurrence after living donor liver transplantation: Time-to-recurrence survival analysis. Eur J Radiol 2024; 177:111551. [PMID: 38875747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for preventing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence. This retrospective study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the attenuation in Hounsfield units (HU) on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) as a prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following liver transplantation as a treatment. Our goal is to optimize its predictive ability for early tumor recurrence and compare it with the other imaging modality-positron emission tomography (PET). METHODS In 618 cases of LDLT for HCC, only 131 patients with measurable viable HCC on preoperative CECT and preoperative positron emission tomography (PET) evaluations were included, with a minimum follow-up period of 6 years. Cox regression models were developed to identify predictors of postoperative recurrence. Performance metrics for both CT and PET were assessed. The correlation between these two imaging modalities was also evaluated. Survival analyses were conducted using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and area under the curve (AUC) to assess accuracy and determine optimized cut-off points. RESULTS Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that both arterial-phase preoperative tumor attenuation (HU) and PET were independent prognostic factors for recurrence-free survival. Both lower arterial tumor enhancement (Cut-off value = 59.2, AUC 0.88) on CT and PET positive (AUC 0.89) increased risk of early tumor recurrence 0.5-year time-dependent ROC. Composites with HU < 59.2 and a positive PET result exhibited significantly higher diagnostic accuracy in detecting early tumor recurrence (AUC = 0.96). CONCLUSION Relatively low arterial tumor enhancement values on CECT effectively predict early HCC recurrence after LDLT. The integration of CT and PET imaging may serve as imaging markers of early tumor recurrence in HCC patients after LDLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Ning Kan
- Liver Transplantation Program and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Yu
- Liver Transplantation Program and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fan Cheng
- Liver Transplantation Program and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chin Hsu
- Liver Transplantation Program and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Long Chen
- Liver Transplantation Program and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Wen Hsu
- Liver Transplantation Program and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chun Weng
- Liver Transplantation Program and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Leo Leung-Chit Tsang
- Liver Transplantation Program and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Chuang
- Liver Transplantation Program and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Liver Transplantation Program and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Xiong Lim
- Liver Transplantation Program and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Pei Chen
- Liver Transplantation Program and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Liao
- Liver Transplantation Program and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-You Ou
- Liver Transplantation Program and Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Peponis T, Ubl DS, Habermann EB, Abarca Rendon FM, McKenna NP, Ofshteyn A, Mathis KL, Colibaseanu DT, Kelley SR. Trends and Distribution of IPAAs in the United States: Becoming Harder to Find in Colon and Rectal Surgery Residency Training? Dis Colon Rectum 2024; 67:1040-1047. [PMID: 39019562 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000003254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been concern among colon and rectal surgery residency programs in the United States that IPAA procedures have been decreasing, but evidence is limited. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate the number of IPAAs performed by colon and rectal surgery residents in the United States and analyze the distribution of these cases on a national level. DESIGN Retrospective. SETTINGS The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Case Log National Data Reports were used to evaluate the number of IPAAs performed by residents from 2005 to 2021. The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was used to identify all patients undergoing these procedures from 2005 to 2019. PATIENTS All IPAA procedures regardless of indication. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the number of IPAAs performed by residents yearly. The secondary outcome was the national distribution of these procedures. RESULTS Among colon and rectal surgery residents, case log data revealed an increase in mean and total number of IPAAs from 2005 to 2013, followed by a decline in both metrics after 2013. Despite the decrease, the mean number of cases per resident remained fewer than 6 between 2011 and 2021. A weighted national estimate of 48,532 IPAA patients were identified in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database. A significant decrease was noted in the number of IPAAs after 2015 that persisted through 2019. There was a significant decrease in rural and urban nonteaching hospitals (from 2.1% to 1.6% and 25.6% to 4.3%, respectively; p < 0.001) and an increase in urbanteaching hospitals (from 72.4% to 94.1%; p < 0.001). LIMITATIONS Nonrandomized retrospective study design. CONCLUSIONS Despite the recent increase in the percentage of IPAAs performed at urban academic centers, there has been a decrease in cases performed by colon and rectal surgery residents. This can have significant implications for residents who graduate without adequate experience in performing this complex procedure independently, as well as training programs that may face challenges with maintaining accreditation. See Video Abstract. TENDENCIAS Y DISTRIBUCIN DE LA ANASTOMOSIS ANAL CON BOLSA ILEAL EN LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS SE EST VOLVIENDO MS DIFCIL DE ENCONTRAR EN LA CAPACITACIN DE RESIDENCIA EN CIRUGA DE COLON Y RECTO ANTECEDENTES:Ha habido preocupación entre los programas de capacitación de residencia en cirugía de colon y recto en los Estados Unidos porque los procedimientos de anastomosis anal con bolsa ileal han estado disminuyendo; sin embargo, la evidencia es limitada.OBJETIVO:Evaluar el número de anastomosis anales con bolsa ileal realizadas por residentes de cirugía de colon y recto en los Estados Unidos y examinar la distribución de estos casos a nivel nacional.DISEÑO:Retrospectivo.AJUSTES:Se utilizaron los informes de datos nacionales del registro de casos de educación médica de posgrado del Consejo de Acreditación para examinar el número de anastomosis anales con bolsa ileal realizadas por residentes de 2005 a 2021. Se utilizó la base de datos de muestra nacional de pacientes hospitalizados para identificar a todos los pacientes sometidos a estos procedimientos de 2005 a 2019.PACIENTES:Todos los procedimientos de anastomosis anal con bolsa ileal independientemente de la indicación.MEDIDA DE RESULTADO PRINCIPAL:El resultado primario es el número de anastomosis anales con bolsa ileal realizadas por los residentes anualmente. El resultado secundario es la distribución nacional de estos procedimientos.RESULTADOS:Entre los residentes de cirugía de colon y recto, los datos de los registros de casos revelaron un aumento en el número medio y total de anastomosis anal con bolsa ileal de 2005 a 2013, seguido de una disminución en ambas métricas después de 2013. A pesar de la disminución, el número medio de casos por El residente permaneció >6 entre 2011 y 2021. Se identificó una estimación nacional ponderada de 48 532 pacientes con anastomosis anal con bolsa ileal en la base de datos de la Muestra Nacional de Pacientes Hospitalizados. Se observó una disminución significativa en el número de anastomosis anales con bolsa ileal después de 2015 que persistió hasta 2019. Hubo una disminución significativa en los hospitales no docentes rurales y urbanos (del 2,1% al 1,6% y del 25,6% al 4,3% respectivamente, p < 0,001) y un aumento en los hospitales universitarios urbanos (del 72,4% al 94,1%, p < 0,001).LIMITACIONES:Estudio retrospectivo no aleatorizado.CONCLUSIÓN:A pesar del reciente aumento en el porcentaje de anastomosis anal con bolsa ileal realizadas en centros académicos urbanos, ha habido una disminución en los casos realizados por residentes de cirugía de colon y recto. Esto puede tener implicaciones significativas para los residentes que se gradúan sin la experiencia adecuada en la realización de este complejo procedimiento de forma independiente, así como para los programas de capacitación que pueden enfrentar desafíos para mantener la acreditación. (Traduccion-AI-generated).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Peponis
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Daniel S Ubl
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Elizabeth B Habermann
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | - Asya Ofshteyn
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kellie L Mathis
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Scott R Kelley
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Mititelu R, Mitoi A, Mazilu C, Jinga M, Radu FI, Bucurica A, Mititelu T, Bucurica S. Advancements in hepatocellular carcinoma management: the role of 18F-FDG PET-CT in diagnosing portal vein tumor thrombosis. Nucl Med Commun 2024; 45:651-657. [PMID: 38757155 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Portal vein thrombosis, a relatively frequent complication associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver cirrhosis, is recognized as a significant global health concern. This is mainly due to these conditions' high prevalence and potentially severe outcomes. The aim of our study was to conduct a comprehensive literature review to evaluate the efficacy, accuracy, and clinical implications of 18F-FDG PET-CT in diagnosing and managing portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) in patients with HCC. HCC, which accounts for 80% of liver malignancies, ranks as the fourth most prevalent cancer globally and is a significant contributor to cancer-related mortality. The majority of HCC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to a deterioration in patient outcomes. Involvement of the portal vein is also a significant negative factor. This review analyzes the application of 18F-FDG PET-CT in the detection and management of PVTT in patients with HCC, with an emphasis on the importance of the maximum standardized uptake value as an essential diagnostic and prognostic marker. 18F-FDG PET-CT is invaluable for detecting recurrence and guiding management strategies, particularly in patients with high-grade HCC, and plays a pivotal role in differentiating malignant portal vein thrombi from their benign counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Mititelu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila,
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Emergency Central Military Hospital,
| | - Alexandru Mitoi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Emergency Central Military Hospital,
| | - Catalin Mazilu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Emergency Central Military Hospital,
| | - Mariana Jinga
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila,
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Emergency Central Military Hospital,
| | - Florentina Ionita Radu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila,
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Emergency Central Military Hospital,
| | - Ana Bucurica
- Faculty of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila and
| | - Teodora Mititelu
- Faculty of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila and
- Institute of Military Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sandica Bucurica
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila,
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Emergency Central Military Hospital,
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Urrutia‐Baca VH, Paz‐Michel BA, Calderon‐Porras AN, Valle JAJ, Alvarez‐Fernández WJ, Mervitch‐Sigal N, Rodríguez‐León MA, De La Garza‐Ramos MA. Oral Hygiene With Neutral Electrolyzed Water and Systemic Therapy Increases Gastric Helicobacter pylori Eradication and Reduces Recurrence. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e927. [PMID: 38973212 PMCID: PMC11228356 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Helicobacter pylori gastric infection strongly correlates with gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis, functional dyspepsia, and complications such as peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. In developing countries, systemic therapies are not usually successful due to elevated antibiotic resistance. Additionally, oral H. pylori infection and periodontal disease correlate with gastric treatment failures. This study aimed to explore the effect of an integral therapy, comprising oral hygiene and concomitant systemic treatment, to increase the eradication of gastric infection and recurrences. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective, randomized, four-arm, parallel-group, open-label clinical trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy of integral therapy to eradicate gastric H. pylori infection and avoid recurrences in double-positive (real-time PCR oral and gastric infection) patients. Oral hygiene involved mouthwash with neutral electrolyzed water (NEW), with or without periodontal treatment. One hundred patients were equally distributed into four groups: NS, NS-PT, NEW, and NEW-PT. All patients had concomitant systemic therapy and additionally, the following oral treatments: mouthwash with normal saline (NS), periodontal treatment and mouthwash with normal saline (NS-PT), mouthwash with NEW (NEW), and periodontal treatment and mouthwash with NEW (NEW-PT). Gastric and oral infection and symptoms were evaluated one and four months after treatments. RESULTS Integral therapy with NEW-PT increased gastric eradication rates compared with NS or NS-PT (84%-96% vs. 20%-56%; p < 0.001). Even more, a protective effect of 81.2% (RR = 0.1877; 95% CI: 0.0658-0.5355; p = 0.0018) against recurrences and 76.6% (RR = 0.2439; 95% CI: 0.1380-0.4310; p < 0.001) against treatment failure (eradication of infection and associated symptoms) was observed in patients from the NEW and NEW-PT groups. CONCLUSIONS Implementation of oral hygiene and systemic treatment can increase the eradication of gastric infection, associated symptoms, and recurrences. NEW is recommended as an antiseptic mouthwash due to its efficacy and short- and long-term safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Urrutia‐Baca
- Facultad de Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Autonoma de Nuevo LeonSan Nicolas de los GarzaNuevo LeonMexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Myriam Angelica De La Garza‐Ramos
- Facultad de Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Autonoma de Nuevo LeonSan Nicolas de los GarzaNuevo LeonMexico
- Facultad de OdontologíaUniversidad Autonoma de Nuevo LeonMonterreyNuevo LeonMexico
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26
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Ortigão R, Afonso LP, Pimentel-Nunes P, Dinis-Ribeiro M, Libânio D. Predictors of Outcomes in Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Retrospective Cohort. GE PORTUGUESE JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2024; 31:236-245. [PMID: 39022301 PMCID: PMC11250119 DOI: 10.1159/000530684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Introduction/Aim Gastric neuroendocrine tumors (GNETs) frequently have an indolent clinical course, despite their metastatic potential. The aim of the study was to identify prognostic factors associated with overall survival and risk of metastases and to evaluate the impact of serial measurements of chromogranin A (CgA). Methods The authors performed a retrospective cohort study including consecutive patients with GNET diagnosed between 2010 and 2019, with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Results We included 132 patients with GNET (type I, 113 patients; type II, 1 patient; type III, 14 patients; type IV, 2 patients; not classifiable, 2 patients), with 61% being female and a mean age at diagnosis of 66 years. During the follow-up period (median 66 months), 3 (2.3%) patients died due to metastatic disease (1 patient with type III and 2 patients with type IV). Male gender (p = 0.030), type III/IV (p < 0.001), Ki-67 index >20% (p < 0.001), grade 2/3 (p < 0.001), invasion beyond the submucosa (p < 0.001), and presence of metastases (p < 0.001) were identified as risk factors for mortality in the univariate analysis. Metastasis developed in 7 patients (5.3%). Multivariable analysis revealed that Ki-67 >20% (p = 0.016) was an independent risk factor for metastasis. Overall, CgA showed a sensitivity of 20% for detection of recurrence and a specificity of 79% (sensitivity of 8% and specificity of 71% in type I GNETs). Conclusion Identification of risk factors for the presence of metastases and for mortality in these groups of patients can help in individualizing the therapeutic strategy. CgA seems to be a weak marker for monitoring patients with GNET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Ortigão
- Gastroenterology Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Pedro Afonso
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pimentel-Nunes
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
- RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network, IPO Porto), Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
- Unilabs Portugal, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Dinis-Ribeiro
- Gastroenterology Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diogo Libânio
- Gastroenterology Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- MEDCIDS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Langer HT, Ramsamooj S, Dantas E, Murthy A, Ahmed M, Ahmed T, Hwang SK, Grover R, Pozovskiy R, Liang RJ, Queiroz AL, Brown JC, White EP, Janowitz T, Goncalves MD. Restoring adiponectin via rosiglitazone ameliorates tissue wasting in mice with lung cancer. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14167. [PMID: 38779820 PMCID: PMC11250533 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate systemic regulators of the cancer-associated cachexia syndrome (CACS) in a pre-clinical model for lung cancer with the goal to identify therapeutic targets for tissue wasting. METHODS Using the Kras/Lkb1 (KL) mouse model, we found that CACS is associated with white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction that directly affects skeletal muscle homeostasis. WAT transcriptomes showed evidence of reduced adipogenesis, and, in agreement, we found low levels of circulating adiponectin. To preserve adipogenesis and restore adiponectin levels, we treated mice with the PPAR-γ agonist, rosiglitazone. RESULTS Rosiglitazone treatment increased serum adiponectin levels, delayed weight loss, and preserved skeletal muscle and adipose tissue mass, as compared to vehicle-treated mice. The preservation of muscle mass with rosiglitazone was associated with increases in AMPK and AKT activity. Similarly, activation of the adiponectin receptors in muscle cells increased AMPK activity, anabolic signaling, and protein synthesis. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that PPAR-γ agonists may be a useful adjuvant therapy to preserve tissue mass in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Tim Langer
- Division of Endocrinology, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shakti Ramsamooj
- Division of Endocrinology, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ezequiel Dantas
- Division of Endocrinology, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anirudh Murthy
- Division of Endocrinology, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mujmmail Ahmed
- Division of Endocrinology, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tanvir Ahmed
- Division of Endocrinology, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Seo-Kyoung Hwang
- Division of Endocrinology, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rahul Grover
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rita Pozovskiy
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roger J Liang
- Division of Endocrinology, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andre Lima Queiroz
- Division of Endocrinology, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Justin C Brown
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Eileen P White
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Tobias Janowitz
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| | - Marcus D Goncalves
- Division of Endocrinology, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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28
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Vander Mijnsbrugge AS, Cerckel J, Dirven I, Tijtgat J, Vounckx M, Claes N, Neyns B. Regorafenib in patients with pretreated advanced melanoma: a single-center case series. Melanoma Res 2024; 34:366-375. [PMID: 38801446 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma patients failing all approved treatment options have a poor prognosis. The antimelanoma activity of regorafenib (REGO), a multitargeted kinase inhibitor, has not been investigated in this patient population. The objective response rate and safety of REGO treatment in advanced melanoma patients was investigated retrospectively. Twenty-seven patients received REGO treatment. All patients had progressed on anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) checkpoint inhibition and BRAF/MEK inhibitors (in case of a BRAF V600 mutation). REGO was administered in continuous dosing and combined (upfront or sequentially) with nivolumab ( n = 5), trametinib ( n = 8), binimetinib ( n = 2), encorafenib ( n = 1), dabrafenib/trametinib ( n = 9), or encorafenib/binimetinib ( n = 7). The best overall response was partial response (PR) in five patients (18.5%) and stable disease in three patients (11.1%). Three of seven (42.8%) BRAF V600mut patients treated with REGO in combination with BRAF/MEK inhibitors obtained a PR (including regression of brain metastases in all three patients). In addition, PR was documented in a BRAF V600mut patient treated with REGO plus anti-PD-1, and a NRASQ61mut patient treated with REGO plus a MEK inhibitor. Common grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events included arterial hypertension ( n = 7), elevated transaminase levels ( n = 5), abdominal pain ( n = 3), colitis ( n = 2), anorexia ( n = 1), diarrhea ( n = 1), fever ( n = 1), duodenal perforation ( n = 1), and colonic bleeding ( n = 1). Median progression-free survival was 11.0 weeks (95% confidence interval, 7.1-14.9); median overall survival was 23.1 weeks (95% confidence interval, 13.0-33.3). REGO has a manageable safety profile in advanced melanoma patients, in monotherapy as well as combined with BRAF/MEK inhibitors or PD-1 blocking monoclonal antibodies. The triplet combination of REGO with BRAF/MEK inhibitors appears most active, particularly in the BRAF V600mut patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Sofie Vander Mijnsbrugge
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/University Hospital of Brussels (UZ Brussel), Brussels
| | - Justine Cerckel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/University Hospital of Brussels (UZ Brussel), Brussels
| | - Iris Dirven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/University Hospital of Brussels (UZ Brussel), Brussels
| | - Jens Tijtgat
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/University Hospital of Brussels (UZ Brussel), Brussels
| | - Manon Vounckx
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/University Hospital of Brussels (UZ Brussel), Brussels
| | - Nele Claes
- Department of Medical Oncology, AZ Sint-Jan Hospital Bruges, Bruges, Belgium
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/University Hospital of Brussels (UZ Brussel), Brussels
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Fogliati A, Crippa S, Marchegiani G, Belfiori G, Pea A, Graham RP, Fiorentini G, Tomasoni G, Aleotti F, Kendrick ML, Salvia R, Falconi M, Truty MJ. Implications of pregnancy on MCN of the pancreas: A multicentric case-control study. Pancreatology 2024; 24:747-752. [PMID: 38702207 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN) of the pancreas express estrogen and progesterone receptors. Several case reports describe MCN increasing in size during gestation. The aim of this study is to assess if pregnancy is a risk factor for malignant degeneration of MCN. METHODS All female patients who underwent pancreatic resection of a MCN between 2011 and 2021 were included. MCN resected or diagnosed within 12 months of gestation were defined perigestational. MCN with high grade dysplasia or an invasive component were classified in the high grade (HG) group. The primary outcome was defined as the correlation between exposure to gestation and peri-gestational MCN to development of HG-MCN. RESULTS The study includes 176 patients, 25 (14 %) forming the HG group, and 151 (86 %) forming the low grade (LG) group. LG and HG groups had a similar distribution of systemic contraceptives use (26 % vs. 16 %, p = 0.262), and perigestational MCN (7 % vs 16 %, p = 0.108). At univariate analysis cyst size ≥10 cm (OR 5.3, p < 0.001) was associated to HG degeneration. Peri gestational MCN positively correlated with cyst size (R = 0.18, p = 0.020). In the subgroup of 14 perigestational MCN patients 29 % had HG-MCN and 71 % experienced cyst growth during gestation with an average growth of 55.1 ± 18 mm. CONCLUSIONS Perigestational MCN are associated to increased cyst diameter, and in the subset of patients affected by MCN during gestation a high rate of growth was observed. Patients with a MCN and pregnancy desire should undergo multidisciplinary counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Fogliati
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery Unit, IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Stefano Crippa
- Pancreatic Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marchegiani
- Pancreas Surgery Unit, Pancreas Institute, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy; HepatoPancreatoBiliary and Liver Transplant Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), University of Padova, Italy
| | - Giulio Belfiori
- Pancreatic Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Pea
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rondell P Graham
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Guido Fiorentini
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Giorgia Tomasoni
- Pancreas Surgery Unit, Pancreas Institute, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Aleotti
- Pancreatic Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Michael L Kendrick
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Roberto Salvia
- Pancreas Surgery Unit, Pancreas Institute, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Falconi
- Pancreatic Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Mark J Truty
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Wang X, Chen D, Ma Y, Mo D, Yan F. Variation of peripheral blood-based biomarkers for response of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:1934-1943. [PMID: 38451413 PMCID: PMC11249409 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03416-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are on the rise, but unfortunately, only a small percentage of patients benefit from them in the long term. Thus, it is crucial to identify biomarkers that can forecast the efficacy of immunotherapy. METHODS We retrospectively studied 224 patients with NSCLC who underwent anti-PD-1 therapy. The role of biomarkers and clinical characteristics were assessed in a prognostic model. RESULTS Only 14.3% of patients had both programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and tumor mutational burden (TMB) outcomes, highlighting the need to investigate more available biomarkers. Our analysis found a correlation between histological PD-L1 TPS and hematological PD-1 expression. Analysis of hematological biomarkers revealed that elevated expression of CD4/CD8 and LYM% are positively associated with effective immunotherapy, while PD-1+ on T cells, NLR, and MLR have a negative impact. Moreover, high level of ΔCEA%, CYFRA21-1 and LDH may suggest ineffective ICIs. We also observed that disparate immunotherapy drugs didn't significantly impact prognosis. Lastly, by comparing squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma cohorts, ΔCEA%, CD3+PD-1+, CD4+PD-1+, and CD4/CD8 are more important in predicting the prognosis of adenocarcinoma patients, while age is more significant for squamous carcinoma patients. CONCLUSION Our research has yielded encouraging results in identifying a correlation between immunotherapy's response and clinical characteristics, peripheral immune cell subsets, and biochemical and immunological biomarkers. The screened hematological detection panel could be used to forecast an NSCLC patient's response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy with an accuracy rate of 76.3%, which could help customize suitable therapeutic decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Baizi Ting No.42, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dayu Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Baizi Ting No.42, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuyan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Baizi Ting No.42, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongping Mo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Baizi Ting No.42, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Baizi Ting No.42, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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31
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Mazzarella G, Muttillo EM, Coletta D, Picardi B, Rossi S, Rossi Del Monte S, Gomes V, Muttillo IA. Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas: A systematic review of clinical, surgical and oncological characteristics of 1384 patients underwent pancreatic surgery. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:331-338. [PMID: 37236826 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic solid pseudopapillary tumors (SPTs) are rare clinical entity, with low malignancy and still unclear pathogenesis. They account for less than 2% of exocrine pancreatic neoplasms. This study aimed to perform a systematic review of the main clinical, surgical and oncological characteristics of pancreatic SPTs. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were systematically searched for the main clinical, surgical and oncological characteristics of pancreatic SPTs up to April 2021, in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) standards. Primary endpoints were to analyze treatments and oncological outcomes. RESULTS A total of 823 studies were recorded, 86 studies underwent full-text reviews and 28 met inclusion criteria. Overall, 1384 patients underwent pancreatic surgery. Mean age was 30 years and 1181 patients (85.3%) were female. The most common clinical presentation was non-specific abdominal pain (52.6% of cases). Mean overall survival was 98.1%. Mean recurrence rate was 2.8%. Mean follow-up was 4.2 years. CONCLUSIONS Pancreatic SPTs are rare, and predominantly affect young women with unclear pathogenesis. Radical resection is the gold standard of treatment achieving good oncological impact and a favorable prognosis in a yearly life-long follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Mazzarella
- Division of General and Emergency Surgery, San Filippo Neri Hospital, 00136 Rome, Italy; Department of Surgery "Pietro Valdoni", Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Edoardo Maria Muttillo
- Division of General and Emergency Surgery, San Filippo Neri Hospital, 00136 Rome, Italy; Surgical and Medical Department of Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Coletta
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00136 Rome, Italy; Department of General Surgery, Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, 61121 Pesaro, Italy
| | - Biagio Picardi
- Division of General and Emergency Surgery, San Filippo Neri Hospital, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Rossi
- Division of General and Emergency Surgery, San Filippo Neri Hospital, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Vito Gomes
- Department of Pathology, San Filippo Neri Hospital, 00136 Rome, Italy
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Jiménez-Cortegana C, Gutiérrez-García C, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Vilariño-García T, Flores-Campos R, Pérez-Pérez A, Garnacho C, Sánchez-León ML, García-Domínguez DJ, Hontecillas-Prieto L, Palazón-Carrión N, De La Cruz-Merino L, Sánchez-Margalet V. Impact of obesity‑associated myeloid‑derived suppressor cells on cancer risk and progression (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 65:79. [PMID: 38940351 PMCID: PMC11251741 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease caused by the accumulation of excessive adipose tissue. This disorder is characterized by chronic low‑grade inflammation, which promotes the release of proinflammatory mediators, including cytokines, chemokines and leptin. Simultaneously, chronic inflammation can predispose to cancer development, progression and metastasis. Proinflammatory molecules are involved in the recruitment of specific cell populations in the tumor microenvironment. These cell populations include myeloid‑derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous, immature myeloid population with immunosuppressive abilities. Obesity‑associated MDSCs have been linked with tumor dissemination, progression and poor clinical outcomes. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to assess the impact of obesity‑associated MDSCs on cancer in both preclinical models and oncological patients with obesity. A secondary objective was to examine the key role that leptin, the most important proinflammatory mediator released by adipocytes, plays in MDSC‑driven immunosuppression Finally, an overview is provided of the different therapeutic approaches available to target MDSCs in the context of obesity‑related cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Cristian Gutiérrez-García
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Flora Sánchez-Jiménez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Teresa Vilariño-García
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Rocio Flores-Campos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Pérez-Pérez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Carmen Garnacho
- Department of Normal and Pathological Histology and Cytology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Maria L. Sánchez-León
- Oncology Service, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Daniel J. García-Domínguez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Lourdes Hontecillas-Prieto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Natalia Palazón-Carrión
- Oncology Service, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Luis De La Cruz-Merino
- Oncology Service, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Víctor Sánchez-Margalet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, CSIC, University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain
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Zhou Y, Yang Y, Yi L, Pan M, Tang W, Duan H. Propofol Mitigates Sepsis-Induced Brain Injury by Inhibiting Ferroptosis Via Activation of the Nrf2/HO-1axis. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:2131-2147. [PMID: 38822984 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) develops in 30-70% of hospitalized patients with sepsis. In intensive care units (ICUs), propofol is often administered to ensure an appropriate level of sedation in mechanically ventilated patients. Ferroptosis is a newly identified mode of cellular death characterized by the peroxidation of membrane lipids and excessive iron. This study was conducted to explore the interplay between propofol, sepsis, and ferroptosis. METHODS An acute systemic inflammatory model was constructed via the intraperitoneal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Nissl and Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) staining were employed to display neuronal damage and degeneration. Western blotting and immunofluorescence (IF) staining of Bax and Bcl-2 were used to confirm the neural apoptosis. QPCR of cytokines and DHE staining were used to indicate neuroinflammation. To validate ferroptosis, we assessed the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), GSH, and tissue iron, accompanied by transcription level of CHAC1, PTGS2 and GPX4. Additionally, we examined the content of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4), xCT (SLC7A11, solute carrier family 7 member 11), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). The IF staining of Iba1-labeled microglia and GFAP-marked astrocytes were used to measure the gliosis. Erastin was pre-pretreated to confirm the anti-ferroptotic capability of propofol. ML385 was preconditioned to explore the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in propofol-repressed ferroptosis. RESULTS Propofol dose-dependently inhibited the decrease of Nissl-positive neurons and the increase of FJC-stained neurons in septic hippocampus and cortex. Neural cytokines, oxidative stress, apoptosis and gliosis were reduced by propofol. Propofol repressed the level of MDA, iron, CHAC1, PTGS2, ACLS4 and restored the content of GSH, GPX4, xCT, Nrf2 and HO-1, thus inhibiting sepsis-induced ferroptosis. All protections from propofol could be reversed by eratsin and ML385 pretreatment. CONCLUSION Propofol protected against sepsis-induced brain damage, neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis and gliosis through the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 axis to combat ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, No. 2800 Gongwei Road, Shanghai, 201399, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangliang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, No. 2800 Gongwei Road, Shanghai, 201399, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, No. 2800 Gongwei Road, Shanghai, 201399, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengzhi Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, No. 2800 Gongwei Road, Shanghai, 201399, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, No. 2800 Gongwei Road, Shanghai, 201399, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, No. 2800 Gongwei Road, Shanghai, 201399, People's Republic of China.
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Richmond M, DeVore EK, Song PC. Esophageal Dysphagia in Adults: When It Sticks. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2024; 57:569-579. [PMID: 38604886 DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2024.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Esophageal dysphagia is a common yet difficult to diagnose condition. This article underscores the role of detailed patient history and physical examinations, including prompt endoscopic evaluation, for accurate differentiation between esophageal and oropharyngeal dysphagia. The authors discuss the heightened importance of early intervention in certain patient groups, such as elderly individuals and patients with head and neck cancer, to mitigate the risk of malnutrition and infection. The authors delve into etiologic factors highlighting the complexity of clinical presentations and the significance of tailored management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miller Richmond
- Georgetown School of Medicine, 3900 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Elliana Kirsh DeVore
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Laryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Phillip C Song
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Laryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Leiphrakpam PD, Newton R, Anaya DA, Are C. Evolution and current trends in the management of colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Minerva Surg 2024; 79:455-469. [PMID: 38953758 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5691.24.10363-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a major cause of cancer-related death, with a 5-year relative overall survival of up to 20%. The liver is the most common site of distant metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC), with about 50% of CRC patients metastasizing to their liver over the course of their disease. Complete liver resection is the primary modality of treatment for resectable colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM), with an overall 5-year survival rate of up to 58%. However, only 15% to 20% of patients with CRLM are deemed suitable for resection at presentation. For unresectable diseases, the median survival of patients remains low even with the best chemotherapy. In recent decades, the management of CRLM has continued to evolve with the expansion of resection criteria, novel targeted systemic therapies, and improved locoregional therapies. However, due to the heterogeneity of the CRC patient population, the optimal evaluation of treatment options for CRLM remains complex. Therefore, effective management requires a multidisciplinary team to help define resectability and devise a personalized treatment approach, from the initial diagnosis to the final treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premila D Leiphrakpam
- Graduate Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Rachael Newton
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Daniel A Anaya
- Section of Hepatobiliary Tumors, Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chandrakanth Are
- Graduate Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA -
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Barbosa S, Pedrosa MB, Ferreira R, Moreira-Gonçalves D, Santos LL. The impact of chemotherapy on adipose tissue remodeling: The molecular players involved in this tissue wasting. Biochimie 2024; 223:1-12. [PMID: 38537739 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The depletion of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) during chemotherapy significantly correlates with diminished overall survival and progression-free survival. Despite its clinical significance, the intricate molecular mechanisms governing this AT loss and its chemotherapy-triggered initiation remain poorly understood. Notably, the evaluation of AT remodeling in most clinical trials has predominantly relied on computerized tomography scans or bioimpedance, with molecular studies often conducted using animal or in vitro models. To address this knowledge gap, a comprehensive narrative review was conducted. The findings underscore that chemotherapy serves as a key factor in inducing AT loss, exacerbating cachexia, a paraneoplastic syndrome that significantly compromises patient quality of life and survival. The mechanism driving AT loss appears intricately linked to alterations in AT metabolic remodeling, marked by heightened lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation, coupled with diminished lipogenesis. However, adipocyte stem cells' lost ability to divide due to chemotherapy also appears to be at the root of the loss of AT. Notably, chemotherapy seems to deactivate the mitochondrial antioxidant system by reducing key regulatory enzymes responsible for neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby impeding lipogenesis. Despite FDG-PET evidence of AT browning, no molecular evidence of thermogenesis was reported. Prospective investigations unraveling the molecular mechanisms modulated in AT by chemotherapy, along with therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing AT loss, promise to refine treatment paradigms and enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Barbosa
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal; Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mafalda Barbosa Pedrosa
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal; Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal; Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniel Moreira-Gonçalves
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
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O'Sullivan DE, Ruan Y, Farah E, Hutchinson JM, Hilsden RJ, Brenner DR. Risk factors for early-onset colorectal cancer: A Canadian prospective cohort study. Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 91:102578. [PMID: 38749340 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of early-onset (<50 years of age) colorectal cancer (eoCRC) has been steadily increasing in high-income countries including Canada. Despite this increase in incidence, the etiology of eoCRC remains unclear and prospective cohort studies of potential risk factors are limited. METHODS We examined two prospective cohorts of healthy individuals (<50 years of age) who completed baseline questionnaires in the Ontario Health Study and Alberta's Tomorrow Project. We examined the associations between demographic characteristics, chronic health conditions, and lifestyle behaviours with the development of eoCRC using Cox proportional hazard models. Cohorts were analyzed separately and hazard ratios for each risk factor were pooled with random effects meta-analyses. RESULTS During an average follow-up of 6.63 years, 98 eoCRC cases occurred among study participants (n=127,852). A family history of CRC alone or with a history of other cancer types was associated with an increased risk of developing eoCRC (HR: 2.76, 95% CI: 1.43-5.32), but a family history of a non-CRC cancer only was not (HR: 1.18, 95% CI: 0.61-2.30). Heavy smokers (≥ 10 pack-years) at baseline had a higher risk of eoCRC compared to non-smokers (HR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.00-3.52). Sex, socioeconomic factors, diabetes, alcohol consumption, among other factors were not significantly associated with the risk of eoCRC. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that specific CRC risk factors are also associated with developing eoCRC. The data in the study offers valuable insights that could be integrated in future meta-analyses. Additional prospective cohort studies are required to understand the etiology of eoCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan E O'Sullivan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Yibing Ruan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Eliya Farah
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - John M Hutchinson
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Robert J Hilsden
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Darren R Brenner
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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Hosseini FS, Ahmadi A, Kesharwani P, Hosseini H, Sahebkar A. Regulatory effects of statins on Akt signaling for prevention of cancers. Cell Signal 2024; 120:111213. [PMID: 38729324 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Statins, which are primarily used as lipid-lowering drugs, have been found to exhibit anti-tumor effects through modulating and interfering with various signaling pathways. In observational studies, statin use has been associated with a significant reduction in the progression of various cancers, including colon, lung, prostate, pancreas, and esophagus cancer, as well as melanoma and B and T cell lymphoma. The mevalonate pathway, which is affected by statins, plays a crucial role in activating Rho, Ras, and Rab proteins, thereby impacting the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells. Statins block this pathway, leading to the inhibition of isoprenoid units, which are critical for the activation of these key proteins, thereby affecting cancer cell behavior. Additionally, statins affect MAPK and Cdk2, which in turn reduce the expression of p21 and p27 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. Akt signaling plays a crucial role in key cancer cell features like proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis by activating multiple effectors in downstream pathways such as FOXO, PTEN, NF-κB, GSK3β, and mTOR. The PI3K/Akt signaling is necessary for many events in the metastatic pathway and has been implicated in the resistance to cytostatic drugs. The Akt/PTEN axis is currently attracting great interest for its role in carcinogenesis. Statins have been shown to activate the purinergic receptor P2X7 and affect Akt signaling, which may have important anti-cancer effects. Hence, targeting Akt shows promise as an effective approach to cancer prevention and therapy. This review aims to provide a comprehensive discussion on the specific impact of statins through Akt signaling in different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadat Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Ahmadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Hossein Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Zhang Q, Lin Y, Lin D, Lin X, Liu M, Tao H, Wu J, Wang T, Wang C, Feng S. Non-invasive screening and subtyping for breast cancer by serum SERS combined with LGB-DNN algorithms. Talanta 2024; 275:126136. [PMID: 38692045 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Early detection of breast cancer and its molecular subtyping is crucial for guiding clinical treatment and improving survival rate. Current diagnostic methods for breast cancer are invasive, time consuming and complicated. In this work, an optical detection method integrating surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technology with feature selection and deep learning algorithm was developed for identifying serum components and building diagnostic model, with the aim of efficient and accurate noninvasive screening of breast cancer. First, the high quality of serum SERS spectra from breast cancer (BC), breast benign disease (BBD) patients and healthy controls (HC) were obtained. Chi-square tests were conducted to exclude confounding factors, enhancing the reliability of the study. Then, LightGBM (LGB) algorithm was used as the base model to retain useful features to significantly improve classification performance. The DNN algorithm was trained through backpropagation, adjusting the weights and biases between neurons to improve the network's predictive ability. In comparison to traditional machine learning algorithms, this method provided more accurate information for breast cancer classification, with classification accuracies of 91.38 % for BC and BBD, and 96.40 % for BC, BBD, and HC. Furthermore, the accuracies of 90.11 % for HR+/HR- and 88.89 % for HER2+/HER2- can be reached when evaluating BC patients' molecular subtypes. These results demonstrate that serum SERS combined with powerful LGB-DNN algorithm would provide a supplementary method for clinical breast cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Yuxiang Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China; Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Duo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Xueliang Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Micro-nano Photonics Technology and Devices, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Hong Tao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Jinxun Wu
- Department of Pathology, Fuzhou Lianjiang Country Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350500, China
| | - Tingyin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China.
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China; Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China.
| | - Shangyuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China.
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Shetti D, Mallela VR, Ye W, Sharif M, Ambrozkiewicz F, Trailin A, Liška V, Hemminki K. Emerging role of circulating cell-free RNA as a non-invasive biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 200:104391. [PMID: 38795877 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a severe neoplastic disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. HCC is often detected at advanced stages leading to ineffective curative treatments. Recently, liquid biopsy has emerged as a non-invasive method to identify highly specific HCC biomarkers in bodily fluids such as blood, serum, urine, and saliva. Circulating cell-free nucleic acids (cfNAs), particularly cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and cell-free RNA (cfRNA), have become promising candidates for biomarkers in liquid biopsy applications. While cfDNA presented significant challenges, researchers have turned their attention to cfRNA, which can be efficiently identified through various methods and is considered a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. This review primarily focuses on studies related to detecting various cfRNA in body fluids as biomarkers. The aim is to provide a summary of available information to assist researchers in their investigations and the development of new diagnostic and prognostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dattatrya Shetti
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Venkata Ramana Mallela
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Wenjing Ye
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Mahyar Sharif
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University,Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Ambrozkiewicz
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Andriy Trailin
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Liška
- Laboratory of Cancer Treatment and Tissue Regeneration, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic; Department of Surgery, University Hospital in Pilsen and Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 80, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Laboratory of Translational Cancer Genomics, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1665/76, Pilsen 323 00, Czech Republic; Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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41
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Pflüger MJ, Brosens LAA, Hruban RH. Precursor lesions in familial and hereditary pancreatic cancer. Fam Cancer 2024; 23:267-278. [PMID: 38319536 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-024-00359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, referred to here as "pancreatic cancer," is one of the deadliest of all of the solid malignancies. The five-year survival rate in the United States for individuals diagnosed today with pancreatic cancer is a dismal 12%. Many invasive cancers, including pancreatic cancer, however, arise from histologically and genetically well-characterized precursor lesions, and these precancers are curable. Precursor lesions therefore are an attractive target for early detection and treatment. This is particularly true for individuals with an increased risk of developing invasive cancer, such as individuals with a strong family history of pancreatic cancer, and individuals with a germline variant known to increase the risk of developing pancreatic cancer. There is therefore a need to understand the precursor lesions that can give rise to invasive pancreatic cancer in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Pflüger
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lodewijk A A Brosens
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph H Hruban
- Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Oncology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Carnegie Room 415, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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42
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Brunet M, Vargas C, Fanjul M, Varry D, Hanoun N, Larrieu D, Pieruccioni L, Labrousse G, Lulka H, Capilla F, Ricard A, Selves J, Couvelard A, Gigoux V, Cordelier P, Guillermet-Guibert J, Dufresne M, Torrisani J. The E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIP12 is required for pancreatic acinar cell plasticity and pancreatic carcinogenesis. J Pathol 2024; 263:466-481. [PMID: 38924548 DOI: 10.1002/path.6298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase thyroid hormone receptor interacting protein 12 (TRIP12) has been implicated in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) through its role in mediating the degradation of pancreas transcription factor 1a (PTF1a). PTF1a is a transcription factor essential for the acinar differentiation state that is notably diminished during the early steps of pancreatic carcinogenesis. Despite these findings, the direct involvement of TRIP12 in the onset of pancreatic cancer has yet to be established. In this study, we demonstrated that TRIP12 protein was significantly upregulated in human pancreatic preneoplastic lesions. Furthermore, we observed that TRIP12 overexpression varied within PDAC samples and PDAC-derived cell lines. We further demonstrated that TRIP12 was required for PDAC-derived cell growth and for the expression of E2F-targeted genes. Acinar-to-ductal cell metaplasia (ADM) is a reversible process that reflects the high plasticity of acinar cells. ADM becomes irreversible in the presence of oncogenic Kras mutations and leads to the formation of preneoplastic lesions. Using two genetically modified mouse models, we showed that a loss of TRIP12 prevented acini from developing ADM in response to pancreatic injury. With two additional mouse models, we further discovered that a depletion of TRIP12 prevented the formation of KrasG12D-induced preneoplastic lesions and impaired metastasis formation in the presence of mutated KrasG12D and Trp53R172H genes. In summary our study identified an overexpression of TRIP12 from the early stages of pancreatic carcinogenesis and proposed this E3 ubiquitin ligase as a novel regulator of acinar plasticity with an important dual role in initiation and metastatic steps of PDAC. © 2024 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/enzymology
- Humans
- Acinar Cells/pathology
- Acinar Cells/metabolism
- Acinar Cells/enzymology
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/enzymology
- Metaplasia/pathology
- Metaplasia/metabolism
- Cell Plasticity
- Carcinogenesis/genetics
- Carcinogenesis/metabolism
- Mice
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Mice, Knockout
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Precancerous Conditions/pathology
- Precancerous Conditions/genetics
- Precancerous Conditions/metabolism
- Precancerous Conditions/enzymology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Carrier Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Brunet
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1297, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Vargas
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marjorie Fanjul
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Damien Varry
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Naïma Hanoun
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Dorian Larrieu
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Laetitia Pieruccioni
- Centre de recherches RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - Guillaume Labrousse
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Hubert Lulka
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Capilla
- Service d'Histopathologie expérimentale, INSERM US006-CREFRE, Toulouse, France
| | - Alban Ricard
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Janick Selves
- Département de Pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Couvelard
- Département de Pathologie Beaujon-Bichat, Hôpital Bichat, APHP and Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Gigoux
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Cordelier
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Julie Guillermet-Guibert
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marlène Dufresne
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Torrisani
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Matsumoto C, Iwatsuki M, Morinaga T, Horinouchi T, Hara Y, Baba Y, Miyamoto Y, Yoshida N, Baba H. The relationship between the treatment course and prognosis of oligometastasis after esophageal squamous cell carcinoma resection. Surg Today 2024; 54:927-934. [PMID: 38583108 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-024-02803-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The concept of oligometastasis, which represents limited metastatic disease, has recently gained interest, accompanied by a more detailed classification. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the treatment course and prognosis in patients with a recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after curative esophagectomy. METHODS 126 patients with ESCC recurrence after curative resection were enrolled in this study. Oligometastasis was defined as fewer than five recurrences in a single organ. Patients were classified as having oligometastatic recurrence (OLR) or polymetastatic recurrence (PLR). Patients were further classified into four subgroups according to lesion progression: persistent oligorecurrence (PER-OLR), converted polyrecurrence (CON-PLR), induced oligorecurrence (IND-OLR), and persistent polyrecurrence (PER-PLR). We analyzed the relationship between the recurrence patterns and prognosis according to the progression of oligometastatic lesions. RESULTS OLR was identified in 58 (46%) of 126 patients with recurrence. Patients with OLR had a significantly better prognosis than those with PLR (P < 0.0001). A further subgroup analysis revealed that patients who underwent IND-OLR had a similar prognosis to those who underwent PER-OLR. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that OLR is a prognostic factor after recurrence following resection of ESCC and that PLR can be converted to OLR by therapeutic intervention to achieve a long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iwatsuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Morinaga
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tomo Horinouchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Naoya Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
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Qi J, Zhang S, Qu H, Wang Y, Dong Y, Wei H, Wang Y, Sun B, Jiang H, Zhang J, Liang S. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) participate in porcine early embryonic development by regulating cell autophagy and apoptosis through the mTOR signaling pathway. Theriogenology 2024; 224:119-133. [PMID: 38762919 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) stands as the pioneering histone demethylase uncovered, proficient in demethylating H3K4me1/2 and H3K9me1/2, thereby governing transcription and participating in cell apoptosis, proliferation, or differentiation. Nevertheless, the complete understanding of LSD1 during porcine early embryonic development and the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Thus, we investigated the mechanism by which LSD1 plays a regulatory role in porcine early embryos. This study revealed that LSD1 inhibition resulted in parthenogenetic activation (PA) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryo arrested the development, and decreased blastocyst quality. Meanwhile, H3K4me1/2 and H3K9me1/2 methylase activity was increased at the 4-cell embryo stage. RNA-seq results revealed that autophagy related biological processes were highly enriched through GO and KEGG pathway analyses when LSD1 inhibition. Further studies showed that LSD1 depletion in porcine early embryos resulted in low mTOR and p-mTOR levels and high autophagy and apoptosis levels. The LSD1 deletion-induced increases in autophagy and apoptosis could be reversed by addition of mTOR activators. We further demonstrated that LSD1 inhibition induced mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy. In summary, our research results indicate that LSD1 may regulate autophagy and apoptosis through the mTOR pathway and affect early embryonic development of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Qi
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shaoxuan Zhang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hexuan Qu
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yanwei Dong
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huakai Wei
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Boxing Sun
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Animals Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Scrofani AR, Valvano M, Lancellotta V, Pezzulla D, Vinci A, Cornacchione P, Bonome P, Tagliaferri L, Iezzi R. Efficacy and safety of irreversible electroporation in unresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Radiol 2024; 97:1413-1422. [PMID: 38775716 PMCID: PMC11256912 DOI: 10.1093/bjr/tqae107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prognosis of patients with perihilar-cholangiocarcinoma (PHC) is poor, with the majority presenting with unresectable disease at diagnosis. Palliative chemotherapy (CHT) is the standard treatment for unresectable PHC. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been introduced as a novel ablation technique, working predominantly nonthermal. This review aims to analyse the efficacy and safety of IRE in treating unresectable PHC. METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to a specific protocol designed a priori, and reported according to the PRISMA. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched up to December 2023. Primary Outcome of interest of our meta-analysis was the mean Overall Survival (OS). Secondary outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS) and adverse event rate (AE). RESULTS The mean OS was estimated at 25.49 months (CI, 21.47-38.72, I2 81.37%), PFS 17.86 (CI, 13.00-22.72, I2 11.42%), with an AE incidence of 12% (CI, 7%-31%, I2 83.57%). High heterogeneity was found among studies, with no single study fully responsible for it, suggesting high variability among facilities/populations. CONCLUSION IRE is effective and relatively safe for unresectable PHC. However, the lack of prospective studies and randomized trials comparing chemotherapy or locoregional treatment with IRE prevents drawing sufficiently robust conclusions. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE IRE appears a safe and effective technique for treating unresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Scrofani
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncologic Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Marco Valvano
- Gastroenterology Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila 67100, Italy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Galliera Hospital, Genoa 16128, Italy
| | - Valentina Lancellotta
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncologic Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Donato Pezzulla
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Responsible Research Hospital, Campobasso 86100, Italy
| | - Antonio Vinci
- Hospital Health Management Area, Local Health Authority “Roma 1”, Roma 00193, Italy
- Doctoral school in nursing sciences and Public Health, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Roma 00133, Italy
| | - Patrizia Cornacchione
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncologic Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonome
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Responsible Research Hospital, Campobasso 86100, Italy
| | - Luca Tagliaferri
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncologic Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Roberto Iezzi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncologic Radiotherapy and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
- Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma 00168, Italy
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Wang R, Zhao Y, Zhou L, Lin F, Wan M, Gan A, Wu B, Yan T, Jia Y. Costunolide ameliorates MNNG-induced chronic atrophic gastritis through inhibiting oxidative stress and DNA damage via activation of Nrf2. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155581. [PMID: 38810553 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a chronic digestive disease. Modern research has revealed substantial evidence indicating that the progression of CAG is closely linked to the occurrence of oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in the gastric mucosa. Additionally, research has indicated that Costunolide (COS), the primary active compound found in Aucklandiae Radix, a traditional herb, exhibits antioxidant properties. Nevertheless, the therapeutic potential of COS in treating CAG and its molecular targets have not yet been determined. PURPOSE The objective of this research was to explore the potential gastric mucosal protective effects and mechanisms of COS against N-Methyl-N´-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced CAG. METHODS Firstly, the MNNG-induced rat CAG model was established in vivo. Occurrence of CAG was detected through macroscopic examination of the stomachs and H&E staining. Additionally, we assessed oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis using biochemical detection, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Then, an in vitro model was developed to induce MNNG-induced damage in GES-1 cells, and the occurrence of cell damage was determined by Hoechst 33,342 staining and flow cytometry. Finally, the key targets of COS for the treatment of CAG were identified through molecular docking, cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), and inhibitor ML385. RESULTS In vivo studies demonstrated that COS promotes the expression of Nrf2 in gastric tissues. This led to an increased expression of SOD, GSH, HO-1, while reducing the production of MDA. Furthermore, COS inhibited DNA damage and apoptosis by suppressing the expression of γH2AX and PARP1 in gastric tissues. In vitro studies showed that COS effectively reversed apoptosis induced by MNNG in GES-1 cells. Additionally, COS interacted with Nrf2 to promote its expression. Furthermore, the expression levels of SOD, GSH, and HO-1 were augmented, while the generation of ROS and MDA was diminished. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that COS exhibits therapeutic effects on CAG through the promotion of Nrf2 expression and inhibition of oxidative stress and DNA damage. Therefore, COS has the potential to provide new drugs for the treatment of CAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixuan Wang
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110016, China
| | - Youdong Zhao
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110016, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110016, China
| | - Fei Lin
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110016, China
| | - Meiqi Wan
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110016, China
| | - Anna Gan
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110016, China
| | - Bo Wu
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110016, China
| | - Tingxu Yan
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110016, China.
| | - Ying Jia
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110016, China.
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Zhou Y, Ma Y, Sheng J, Ma Y, Ding J, Zhou W. Breaking Down Barriers in Drug Delivery by Stromal Remodeling Approaches in Pancreatic Cancer. Mol Pharm 2024. [PMID: 39049481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains a formidable challenge in oncology due to its aggressive nature and limited treatment options. The dense stroma surrounding pancreatic tumors not only provides structural support but also presents a formidable barrier to effective therapy, hindering drug penetration and immune cell infiltration. This review delves into the intricate interplay between stromal components and cancer cells, highlighting their impact on treatment resistance and prognosis. Strategies for stromal remodeling, including modulation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) activation states, and targeting extracellular matrix (ECM) components, are examined for their potential to enhance drug penetration and improve therapeutic efficacy. Integration of stromal remodeling with conventional therapies, such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy, is discussed along with the emerging field of intelligent nanosystems for targeted drug delivery. This comprehensive overview underscores the importance of stromal remodeling in pancreatic cancer treatment and offers insights into promising avenues for future research and clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yunxiao Ma
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jianwei Sheng
- China Quality Mark Certification (Shandong) Co., LTD, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Yiran Ma
- Hunan Bainianyiren Chinese Traditional Medical Institute Co., LTD, Changsha, Hunan 410221, China
| | - Jinsong Ding
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Wenhu Zhou
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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Huang T, Chan C, Zhou H, Hu K, Wang L, Ye Z. Construction and validation of the prognostic nomogram model for patients with diffuse-type gastric cancer based on the SEER database. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:305. [PMID: 39048774 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01180-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prognostic factors of diffuse GC patients were screened the prognostic nomogram was constructed, and the prediction accuracy was verified. METHODS From 2006 to 2018, there were 2877 individuals pathologically diagnosed with diffuse gastric cancer; the clinicopathological features of these patients were obtained from the SEER database & randomly divided into a training cohort (1439) & validation cohort (1438).To create prognostic nomograms & choose independent prognostic indicators to predict the overall survival (OS) of 1, 3, & 5 years, log-rank & multivariate COX analysis were utilized & discrimination ability of nomogram prediction using consistency index and calibration curve. RESULTS Age, T, N, M, TNM, surgical status, chemotherapy status, & all seven markers were independent predictors of OS (P < 0.05), & a nomogram of OS at 1, 3, & 5 years was created using these independent predictors. The nomogram's c-index was 0.750 (95% CI 0.734 ~ 0.766), greater than the TNM staging framework 0.658 (95%CI 0.639 ~ 0.677); the c-index was 0.753 (95% CI 0.737 ~ 0.769) as well as superior to the TNM staging mechanism 0.679 (95% CI 0.503-0.697). According to the calibration curve, the projected survival rate using the nomogram & the actual survival rate are in good agreement. CONCLUSIONS Prognostic nomograms are useful tools for physicians to assess every individual's individualised prognosis & create treatment strategies for those with diffuse gastric cancer. They can reliably predict the prognosis for individuals with diffuse gastrointestinal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - ChuiPing Chan
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Heran Zhou
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Keke Hu
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhifeng Ye
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China.
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Min L, Jin Y, Chen J, Zhu H, Liang C, Lv L, Wang Y, Liu D, Zhou Y, Chu Y, Tan Y. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided bite-on-bite biopsy and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration in the diagnosis of gastric tumors with negative malignant endoscopy biopsies: a retrospective cohort study. MINIM INVASIV THER 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39046283 DOI: 10.1080/13645706.2024.2381103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Specific types of gastric tumors, including gastric linitis plastica and lymphoma, may cause extensive deep-layer infiltration, impeding an accurate diagnosis with endoscopic biopsy. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided bite-on-bite biopsy and EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in diagnosing gastric malignancies with negative endoscopic biopsies. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed suspicious malignant gastric lesion cases in our hospital from October 2017 to August 2023. Clinical manifestations, radiographical examinations, endoscopic examinations, histopathological results, and therapeutic strategies were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS Forty malignant gastric tumor cases with negative endoscopic biopsies were incorporated into our study. EUS-guided bite-on-bite biopsy was performed in 16 cases exclusively, whereas 17 patients received EUS-FNA exclusively, and seven patients underwent both simultaneously. Among the 23 patients who received the EUS-guided bite-on-bite biopsy, 22 (95.7%) were diagnosed with malignancies. Among the 24 patients who received EUS-FNA, a total of 19 cases with malignancies (79.2%) were confirmed by EUS-FNA (p = 0.11): 13 gastric adenocarcinomas, five metastatic malignancies, and one malignant stromal tumor. No adverse events were observed in any of the cases. CONCLUSIONS EUS-guided bite-on-bite biopsy and EUS-FNA possess their advantages and disadvantages. EUS-guided bite-on-bite biopsy could serve as a reliable diagnostic method for shallow lesions with negative malignant endoscopic biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Min
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Jiefei Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongyi Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Chengbai Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Deliang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yuqian Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Chu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yuyong Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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50
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Wang N, Niu X, Li L, Tang J, Bi Y, Liu S, Han K, Cheng Y, Cai Z, Chai N, Linghu E. A new, simplified endoscopic scoring system for predicting clinical outcome in gastric low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia: the "e-cout system". Neoplasia 2024; 56:101030. [PMID: 39047660 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.101030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The clinical outcomes of gastric low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) exhibit significant diversity, and the current reliance on endoscopic biopsy for diagnosis poses limitations in devising appropriate treatment strategies for this disease. This study aims to establish a prognostic prediction scoring system (e-Cout system) for gastric LGIN, offering a theoretical foundation for solving this clinical challenge. METHODS Retrospectively selecting 1013 cases meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria from over 300,000 cases of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy performed at the Digestive Endoscopy Center of our hospital between 2000 and 2022, the cohort included 484 cases as development cohort and 529 cases for validation. Employing relevant statistical analysis, we used development cohort data to establish the e-Cout system for gastric LGIN, and further used validation cohort data to for internal validation. RESULTS In the developmental stage, based on accordant regression coefficients, we assigned point values to six risk factors for poor prognosis: 4 points for microvessel (MV) distortion, 3 points for MV thickening, 2 points for ulcer, and 1 point each for lesion size > 2cm, disease duration > 1 year, and hyperemia and redness on the lesion surface. Patients were then categorized into four risk levels: low risk (0-1 point), medium risk (2-3), high risk (4-6), and very high risk (≥7). During the validation stage, significant differences in the three different outcomes of gastric LGIN were observed across all risk levels. The probability of reversal and progression showed a significant decrease and increase, respectively, with escalating of risk levels, and these differences were statistically significant (P< 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The proposed e-Cout system holds promise in aiding clinicians to predict the probability and risk levels of different clinical outcomes in patients with gastric LGIN. This system is expected to provide an improved foundation and guidance for the selection of clinical strategies for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanjun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiaotong Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Longsong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yawei Bi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shengzhen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ke Han
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yaxuan Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhaobei Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China; Medical School of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ningli Chai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Enqiang Linghu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China.
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