451
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Amirazad H, Dadashpour M, Zarghami N. Application of decellularized bone matrix as a bioscaffold in bone tissue engineering. J Biol Eng 2022; 16:1. [PMID: 34986859 PMCID: PMC8734306 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-021-00282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous bone grafts are commonly used as the gold standard to repair and regenerate diseased bones. However, they are strongly associated with postoperative complications, especially at the donor site, and increased surgical costs. In an effort to overcome these limitations, tissue engineering (TE) has been proposed as an alternative to promote bone repair. The successful outcome of tissue engineering depends on the microstructure and composition of the materials used as scaffold. Decellularized bone matrix-based biomaterials have been applied as bioscaffolds in bone tissue engineering. These biomaterials play an important role in providing the mechanical and physical microenvironment needed by cells to proliferate and survive. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) can be used as a powder, hydrogel and electrospun scaffolds. These bioscaffolds mimic the native microenvironment due to their structure similar to the original tissue. The aim of this review is to highlight the bone decellularization techniques. Herein we discuss: (1) bone structure; (2) properties of an ideal scaffold; (3) the potential of decellularized bone as bioscaffolds; (4) terminal sterilization of decellularized bone; (5) cell removing confirmation in decellularized tissues; and (6) post decellularization procedures. Finally, the improvement of bone formation by dECM and the immunogenicity aspect of using the decellularized bone matrix are presented, to illustrate how novel dECM-based materials can be used as bioscaffold in tissue engineering. A comprehensive understanding of tissue engineering may allow for better incorporation of therapeutic approaches in bone defects allowing for bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halimeh Amirazad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dadashpour
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Deparment of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin Universioty, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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452
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Kim GY, Jayasingha JA, Lee K, Choi Y, Kang CH, Lee MH. Aqueous extract of freeze-dried Protaetia brevitarsis larvae promotes osteogenesis by activating β-catenin signaling. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.338920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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453
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Miao KZ, Cozzone A, Caetano-Lopes J, Harris MP, Fisher S. Osteoclast activity sculpts craniofacial form to permit sensorineural patterning in the zebrafish skull. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:969481. [PMID: 36387889 PMCID: PMC9664155 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.969481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts to understand the morphogenesis of complex craniofacial structures have largely focused on the role of chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Along with these bone-creating cells, bone-resorbing osteoclasts are critical in homeostasis of adult skeletal structures, but there is currently limited information on their role in the complex morphogenetic events of craniofacial development. Fundamental aspects of skull formation and general skeletal development are conserved from zebrafish to mammals. Using a cathepsinK reporter, we documented osteoclast location in the developing zebrafish skull over several weeks, from 5.18 mm to 9.6 mm standard length (approximately 15 to 34 days post fertilization). While broad distribution of osteoclasts is consistent across individuals, they are sparse and the exact locations vary among fish and across developmental time points. Interestingly, we observed osteoclasts concentrating at areas associated with neuromasts and their associated nerves, in particular the hyomandibular foramina and around the supraorbital lateral line. These are areas of active remodeling. In contrast, other areas of rapid bone growth, such as the osteogenic fronts of the frontal and parietal bones, show no particular concentration of osteoclasts, suggesting that they play a special role in shaping bone near neuromasts and nerves. In csf1ra mutants lacking functional osteoclasts, the morphology of the cranial bone was disrupted in both areas. The hyomandibular foramen is present in the initial cartilage template, but after the initiation of ossification, the diameter of the canal is significantly smaller in the absence of osteoclasts. The diameter of the supraorbital lateral line canals was also reduced in the mutants, as was the number of pores associated with neuromasts, which allow for the passage of associated nerves through the bone. Our findings define important and previously unappreciated roles for osteoclast activity in shaping craniofacial skeletal structures with a particular role in bone modeling around peripheral cranial nerves, providing a scaffold for wiring the sensioneural system during craniofacial development. This has important implications for the formation of the evolutionarily diverse lateral line system, as well understanding the mechanism of neurologic sequelae of congenital osteoclast dysfunction in human craniofacial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Z. Miao
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Austin Cozzone
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joana Caetano-Lopes
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Matthew P. Harris
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shannon Fisher
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University Aram V. Chobanian & Edward Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Shannon Fisher,
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454
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Zhao Y, Quan Y, Lei T, Fan L, Ge X, Hu S. The Role of Inflammasome NLPR3 in the Development and Therapy of Periodontitis. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:1603-1614. [PMID: 36185327 PMCID: PMC9515687 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.74575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects tooth-supporting tissues and even leads to tooth loss. NLRP3 inflammasomes play a critical role in periodontitis pathogenesis. Aberrant activation or overexpression of NLRP3 inflammasomes in cellular players, including osteoclasts, osteoblasts, periodontal ligament fibroblasts, and leukocytes often contributes to cellular dysfunction and environment abnormality, thus resulting in the disorganization of ligament and alveolar bone. In this review, we mainly focus on the negative regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome in periodontitis and highlight the importance of NLRP3 inflammasome as a candidate therapeutic target in periodontitis treatment. Then we elucidate the development status of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors and show their application potential for treating periodontitis. In summary, this review reveals the recent progress and perspectives of NLRP3 inflammasome and the therapeutic potential of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Yue Quan
- Department of Stomatology, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Liumeizi Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Xin Ge
- Department of Stomatology, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Sheng Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
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455
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Ballato E, Deepika F, Prado M, Russo V, Fuenmayor V, Bathina S, Villareal DT, Qualls C, Armamento-Villareal R. Circulating osteogenic progenitors and osteoclast precursors are associated with long-term glycemic control, sex steroids, and visceral adipose tissue in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:936159. [PMID: 36171900 PMCID: PMC9511027 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.936159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is well-known to be associated with normal bone density but, concurrently, low bone turnover and increased risk for fracture. One of the proposed mechanisms is possible derangement in bone precursor cells, which could be represented by deficiencies in circulating osteogenic progenitor (COP) cells and osteoclast precursors (OCP). The objective of our study is to understand whether extent of glycemic control has an impact on these cells, and to identify other factors that may as well. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of baseline data from 51 male participants, aged 37-65 in an ongoing clinical trial at Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA. At study entry serum Hemoglobin A1c was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography osteocalcin (OCN) and C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTx) were measured by ELISA, and testosterone and estradiol by liquid-chromatography/mass-spectrometry. Areal bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular bone score and body composition were measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, while COP and OCP were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS When adjusted for serum testosterone, parathyroid hormone, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D, those with poor long-term glycemic control had significantly higher percentage of COP (p = 0.04). COP correlated positively with visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume (r = 0.37, p = 0.01) and negatively with free testosterone (r = -0.28, p = 0.05) and OCN (r = -0.28, p = 0.07), although only borderline for the latter. OCP correlated positively with age, FSH, lumbar spine BMD, and COP levels, and negatively with glucose, triglycerides, and free estradiol. Multivariable regression analyses revealed that, in addition to being predictors for each other, another independent predictor for COP was VAT volume while age, glucose, and vitamin D for OCP. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that high COP could be a marker of poor metabolic control. However, given the complex nature and the multitude of factors influencing osteoblastogenesis/adipogenesis, it is possible that the increase in COP is a physiologic response of the bone marrow to increased osteoblast apoptosis from poor glycemic control. Alternatively, it is also likely that a metabolically unhealthy profile may retard the development of osteogenic precursors to fully mature osteoblastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Ballato
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Disease, Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Fnu Deepika
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Disease, Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mia Prado
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Disease, Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Vittoria Russo
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Disease, Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Virginia Fuenmayor
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Disease, Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Siresha Bathina
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Disease, Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Dennis T. Villareal
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Disease, Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Clifford Qualls
- Biomedical Research Institute of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
- Research Service Line, New Mexico Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Reina Armamento-Villareal
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Disease, Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Reina Armamento-Villareal,
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456
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Ma TL, Zhu P, Ke ZR, Chen JX, Hu YH, Xie J. Focusing on OB-OC-MΦ Axis and miR-23a to Explore the Pathogenesis and Treatment Strategy of Osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:891313. [PMID: 35909545 PMCID: PMC9329542 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.891313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a bone metabolic disorder characterized by decreased bone density and deteriorated microstructure, which increases the risk of fractures. The imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption results in the occurrence and progression of osteoporosis. Osteoblast-mediated bone formation, osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and macrophage-regulated inflammatory response play a central role in the process of bone remodeling, which together maintain the balance of the osteoblast-osteoclast-macrophage (OB-OC-MΦ) axis under physiological conditions. Bone formation and bone resorption disorders caused by the imbalance of OB-OC-MΦ axis contribute to osteoporosis. Many microRNAs are involved in the regulation of OB-OC-MΦ axis homeostasis, with microRNA-23a (miR-23a) being particularly crucial. MiR-23a is highly expressed in the pathological process of osteoporosis, which eventually leads to the occurrence and further progression of osteoporosis by inhibiting osteogenesis, promoting bone resorption and inflammatory polarization of macrophages. This review focuses on the role and mechanism of miR-23a in regulating the OB-OC-MΦ axis to provide new clinical strategies for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Liang Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo-Ran Ke
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing-Xian Chen
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi-He Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yi-He Hu, ; Jie Xie,
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yi-He Hu, ; Jie Xie,
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457
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Gambari L, Grigolo B, Grassi F. Dietary organosulfur compounds: Emerging players in the regulation of bone homeostasis by plant-derived molecules. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:937956. [PMID: 36187121 PMCID: PMC9521401 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.937956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The progressive decline of bone mass and the deterioration of bone microarchitecture are hallmarks of the bone aging. The resulting increase in bone fragility is the leading cause of bone fractures, a major cause of disability. As the frontline pharmacological treatments for osteoporosis suffer from low patients' adherence and occasional side effects, the importance of diet regimens for the prevention of excessive bone fragility has been increasingly recognized. Indeed, certain diet components have been already associated to a reduced fracture risk. Organosulfur compounds are a broad class of molecules containing sulfur. Among them, several molecules of potential therapeutic interest are found in edible plants belonging to the Allium and Brassica botanical genera. Polysulfides derived from Alliaceae and isothiocyanates derived from Brassicaceae hold remarkable nutraceutical potential as anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, vasorelaxant and hypolipemic. Some of these effects are linked to the ability to release the gasotrasmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Recent preclinical studies have investigated the effect of organosulfur compounds in bone wasting and metabolic bone diseases, revealing a strong potential to preserve skeletal health by exerting cytoprotection and stimulating the bone forming activity by osteoblasts and attenuating bone resorption by osteoclasts. This review is intended for revising evidence from preclinical and epidemiological studies on the skeletal effects of organosulfur molecules of dietary origin, with emphasis on the direct regulation of bone cells by plant-derived polysulfides, glucosinolates and isothiocyanates. Moreover, we highlight the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the biological role of these compounds and revise the importance of the so-called 'H2S-system' on the regulation of bone homeostasis.
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458
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Khrystoforova I, Shochat-Carvalho C, Harari R, Henke K, Woronowicz K, Harris MP, Karasik D. Zebrafish mutants reveal unexpected role of Lrp5 in osteoclast regulation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:985304. [PMID: 36120446 PMCID: PMC9478031 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.985304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-density Lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein 5 (LRP5) functions as a co-receptor for Wnt ligands, controlling expression of genes involved in osteogenesis. In humans, loss-of-function mutations in LRP5 cause Osteoporosis-Pseudoglioma syndrome, a low bone mass disorder, while gain-of-function missense mutations have been observed in individuals with high bone mass. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular model for human disease research, as genetic determinants that control bone formation are generally conserved between zebrafish and mammals. We generated lrp5- knock-out zebrafish to study its role in skeletogenesis and homeostasis. Loss of lrp5 in zebrafish leads to craniofacial deformities and low bone mineral density (total body and head) at adult ages. To understand the mechanism and consequences of the observed phenotypes, we performed transcriptome analysis of the cranium of adult lrp5 mutants and siblings. Enrichment analysis revealed upregulation of genes significantly associated with hydrolase activity: mmp9, mmp13a, acp5a. acp5a encodes Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) which is commonly used as an osteoclast marker, while Matrix metalloprotease 9, Mmp9, is known to be secreted by osteoclasts and stimulate bone resorption. These genes point to changes in osteoclast differentiation regulated by lrp5. To analyze these changes functionally, we assessed osteoclast dynamics in mutants and observed increased TRAP staining, significantly larger resorption areas, and developmental skeletal dysmorphologies in the mutant, suggesting higher resorptive activity in the absence of Lrp5 signaling. Our findings support a conserved role of Lrp5 in maintaining bone mineral density and revealed unexpected insights into the function of Lrp5 in bone homeostasis through moderation of osteoclast function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ram Harari
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Katrin Henke
- Department of Orthopedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Katherine Woronowicz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Matthew P. Harris
- Department of Orthopaedics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David Karasik
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- *Correspondence: David Karasik,
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459
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Hou J, Su H, Kuang X, Qin W, Liu K, Pan K, Zhang B, Yang S, Yang S, Peng X, Nie X, Hua Q. Knowledge Domains and Emerging Trends of Osteoblasts-Osteoclasts in Bone Disease From 2002 to 2021: A Bibliometrics Analysis and Visualization Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:922070. [PMID: 35937845 PMCID: PMC9355788 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.922070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoblasts-Osteoclasts has been a major area in bone disease research for a long time. However, there are few systematic studies in this field using bibliometric analysis. We aimed to perform a bibliometric analysis and visualization study to determine hotspots and trends of osteoblasts-osteoclasts in bone diseases, identify collaboration and influence among authors, countries, institutions, and journals, and assess the knowledge base to develop basic and clinical research in the future. METHODS We collected articles and reviews for osteoblasts-osteoclasts in bone diseases from the Web of Science Core Collection. In addition, we utilized scientometrics software (CiteSpace5.8 and VOSviewer1.6.18) for visual analysis of countries/regions, institutions, authors, references, and keywords in the field. RESULTS In total, 16,832 authors from 579 institutions in 73 countries/regions have published 3,490 papers in 928 academic journals. The literature in this field is rapidly increasing, with Bone publishing the most articles, whereas Journal of Bone and Mineral Research had the most co-cited journals. These two journals mainly focused on molecular biology and the clinical medicine domain. The countries with the highest number of publications were the US and China, and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences was the most active institution. Regarding authors, Stavros C. Manolagas published the most articles, and Hiroshi Takayanagi had the most co-cited papers. Research in this field mainly includes molecular expression and regulatory mechanisms, differentiation, osteoprotection, inflammation, and tumors. The latest research hotspots are oxidative stress, mutation, osteocyte formation and absorption, bone metabolism, tumor therapy, and in-depth mechanisms. CONCLUSION We identified the research hotspots and development process of osteoblasts-osteoclasts in bone disease using bibliometric and visual methods. Osteoblasts-osteoclasts have attracted increasing attention in bone disease. This study will provide a valuable reference for researchers concerned with osteoblasts-osteoclasts in bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hou
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Diabetic Foot Salvage Engineering Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hongjie Su
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Diabetic Foot Salvage Engineering Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaocong Kuang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Diabetic Foot Salvage Engineering Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wencong Qin
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Diabetic Foot Salvage Engineering Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Kaibing Liu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Diabetic Foot Salvage Engineering Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Kaixiang Pan
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Diabetic Foot Salvage Engineering Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bokai Zhang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Diabetic Foot Salvage Engineering Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Sijie Yang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Diabetic Foot Salvage Engineering Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shenghui Yang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Diabetic Foot Salvage Engineering Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiao Peng
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Diabetic Foot Salvage Engineering Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xinyu Nie
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Qikai Hua, ; Xinyu Nie,
| | - Qikai Hua
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Diabetic Foot Salvage Engineering Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Qikai Hua, ; Xinyu Nie,
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460
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Ye X, Liu X. Wnt16 signaling in bone homeostasis and osteoarthristis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1095711. [PMID: 36619549 PMCID: PMC9815800 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1095711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnts are secreted cysteine-rich glycoproteins involved in joint development and skeletal homeostasis and have been implicated in the occurrence of osteoarthritis. Over the past decade, Wnt16, a member of the Wnt family, has received widespread attention for its strong association with bone mineral density, cortical bone thickness, bone strength, and osteoporotic fracture risk. In recent years, further studies have shed light on the role of Wnt16 a positive regulator of bone mass and protective regulator of osteoarthritis progression. Transduction mechanisms and crosstalk involving Wnt16 signaling have also been illustrated. More importantly, local Wnt16 treatment has been shown to ease osteoarthritis, inhibit bone resorption, and promote new bone formation in bone defect models. Thus, Wnt16 is now a potential therapeutic target for skeletal diseases and osteoarthritis. This paper reviews our current understanding of the mechanisms by which Wnt16 signaling regulates bone homeostasis and osteoarthritis.
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461
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Sea cucumber enzymatic hydrolysates relieve osteoporosis through OPG/RANK/RANKL system in ovariectomized rats. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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462
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Zhou HL, Wei MH, Di DS, Zhang RY, Zhang JL, Yuan TT, Liu Q, Zhou TT, Huang Q, Wang Q. Association between SEMA3A signaling pathway genes and BMD/OP risk: An epidemiological and experimental study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1014431. [PMID: 36425469 PMCID: PMC9679019 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1014431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the associations of genetic variants in the semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A) signaling pathway genes, including SEMA3A, NRP1, PLXNA1, PLXNA2 and PLXNA3 with osteoporosis (OP) risk and bone mineral density (BMD) in a Chinese Han older adult population. STUDY DESIGN AND METHOD A two-stage design was adopted. Total of 47.8kb regions in the 5 genes were sequenced using targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology in the discovery stage, and the discovered OP-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were further genotyped using improved multiple linkage detection reaction technique in the validation stage. Methods of ALP/TRAP staining, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, and cell proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed with MC3T3-E1 and RAW 264.7 cell lines to clarify biological effects of observed functional variants in cell lines responsible for bone mass remodeling. RESULTS Total of 400 postmenopausal women (211 OP cases) were involved in the discovery stage, where 6 common and 4 rare genetic variants were found to be associated with OP risk. In the validation stage among another 859 participants (417 women, 270 OP cases), the PLXNA2 rs2274446 T allele was associated with reduced OP risk and increased femoral neck (FN) BMD compared to the C allele. Moreover, significant associations of NRP1 rs2070296 with FN BMD/OP risk and of NRP1 rs180868035 with lumbar spine and FN BMDs were also observed in the combination dataset analysis. Compared to the osteoblasts/osteoclasts transfected with the wild-type NRP1 rs180868035, those transfected with the mutant-type had reduced mRNA expression of osteoblastic genes (i.e., ALP, RUNX2, SP7 and OCN), while elevated mRNA expression of osteoclastic genes (i.e., TRAP, NFATc1 and CTSK). Furthermore, mutant NRP1 rs180868035 transfection inhibited osteoblast proliferation and osteoclast apoptosis, while promoted osteoclast proliferation and osteoblast apoptosis in corresponding cell lines. CONCLUSION Genetic variants located in NRP1 and PLXNA2 genes were associated with OP risk and BMD. The NRP1 rs180868035 affects bone metabolism by influencing osteoblasts and osteoclasts differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-long Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mu-hong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong-sheng Di
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ru-yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting-ting Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting-ting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Qin Huang, ; Qi Wang,
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Qin Huang, ; Qi Wang,
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Zhu S, Pang Y, Xu J, Chen X, Zhang C, Wu B, Gao J. Endocrine Regulation on Bone by Thyroid. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:873820. [PMID: 35464058 PMCID: PMC9020229 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.873820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an endocrine organ, the thyroid acts on the entire body by secreting a series of hormones, and bone is one of the main target organs of the thyroid. SUMMARY This review highlights the roles of thyroid hormones and thyroid diseases in bone homeostasis. CONCLUSION Thyroid hormones play significant roles in the growth and development of bone, and imbalance of thyroid hormones can impair bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yidan Pang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Junjie Gao, ; Bo Wu, ; Changqing Zhang,
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Junjie Gao, ; Bo Wu, ; Changqing Zhang,
| | - Junjie Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Junjie Gao, ; Bo Wu, ; Changqing Zhang,
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464
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Chen QC, Zhang Y. The Role of NPY in the Regulation of Bone Metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:833485. [PMID: 35273572 PMCID: PMC8902412 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.833485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone diseases are the leading causes of disability and severely compromised quality of life. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a multifunctional neuropeptide that participates in various physiological and pathological processes and exists in both the nerve system and bone tissue. In bone tissue, it actively participates in bone metabolism and disease progression through its receptors. Previous studies have focused on the opposite effects of NPY on bone formation and resorption through paracrine modes. In this review, we present a brief overview of the progress made in this research field in recent times in order to provide reference for further understanding the regulatory mechanism of bone physiology and pathological metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Chang Chen
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Zhang,
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465
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Sun Y, Li J, Xie X, Gu F, Sui Z, Zhang K, Yu T. Recent Advances in Osteoclast Biological Behavior. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:788680. [PMID: 34957116 PMCID: PMC8694526 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.788680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With the progress of the aging population, bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis have become urgent problems. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of osteoclasts in bone homeostasis, implying these will be an important mediator in the treatment of bone-related diseases. Up to now, several reviews have been performed on part of osteoclast biological behaviors such as differentiation, function, or apoptosis. However, few reviews have shown the complete osteoclast biology and research advances in recent years. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the origin, differentiation, apoptosis, behavior changes and coupling signals with osteoblasts, providing a simple but comprehensive overview of osteoclasts for subsequent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiangbi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoping Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feng Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenjiang Sui
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tiecheng Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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466
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Ping J, Li L, Dong Y, Wu X, Huang X, Sun B, Zeng B, Xu F, Liang W. The Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs and Circular RNAs in Bone Regeneration: Modulating MiRNAs Function. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 16:227-243. [PMID: 34958714 DOI: 10.1002/term.3277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although bone is a self-healing organ and is able to repair and restore most fractures, large bone fractures, about 10%, are not repairable. Bone grafting, as a gold standard, and bone tissue engineering using biomaterials, growth factors, and stem cells have been developed to restore large bone defects. Since bone regeneration is a complex and multiple-step process and the majority of the human genome, about 98%, is composed of the non-protein-coding regions, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play essential roles in bone regeneration. Recent studies demonstrated that long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), as members of ncRNAs, are widely involved in bone regeneration by interaction with microRNAs (miRNAs) and constructing a lncRNA or circRNA/miRNA/mRNA regulatory network. The constructed network regulates the differentiation of stem cells into osteoblasts and their commitment to osteogenesis. This review will present the structure and biogenesis of lncRNAs and circRNAs, the mechanism of bone repair, and the bone tissue engineering in bone defects. Finally, we will discuss the role of lncRNAs and circRNAs in osteogenesis and bone fracture healing through constructing various lncRNA or circRNA/miRNA/mRNA networks and the involved pathways. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Ping
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Laifeng Li
- Department of Traumatic Orthopaedics, Affiliated Jinan Third Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jinan, 250132, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yongqiang Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinchang People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312500, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xudong Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, 316000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaogang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, 316000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, 316000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, 316000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fangming Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, 316000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, 316000, Zhejiang Province, China
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467
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Huang TH, Nosaka K, Chen TC. Changes in blood bone markers after the first and second bouts of whole-body eccentric exercises. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2021; 32:521-532. [PMID: 34951069 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The present study compared the first (EC1) and second (EC2) bouts of whole-body eccentric exercises to examine the effects of the magnitude of muscle damage on changes in blood bone markers. Fifteen sedentary young men performed nine eccentric exercises of arm, leg and trunk muscles, and repeated them two weeks later. Blood samples were taken before and two hours and one to five days following each bout to analyze plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity and myoglobin concentration, serum tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), type 1 C-terminal telopeptide (CTX-1), procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), undercarboxylated-osteocalcin (ucOCN), carboxylated-osteocalcin (cOCN), and leptin concentrations. All except ucOCN changed significantly (P<0.05) after both bouts. When comparing bouts for peak changes, P1NP (bone formation marker) and CTX-1 (bone resorption marker) increased less after EC2 (peak: 137±96% and 7±6%, respectively) than after EC1 (146±80% and 30±21%, respectively), whereas BAP (bone formation marker) increased more after EC2 (18±16%) than after EC1 (4±15%) (P<0.05). Leptin (49±58%) and cOCN (14±10%) increased more (P<0.05) after EC2 than after EC1 (-30±15%, 9±26%). Significant (P<0.05) correlations were evident between peak CK activity and peak CTX-1 (r=0.847), P1NP (r=0.815), BAP (r=-0.707), ucOCN (r=0.627), cCON (r=-0.759) and leptin (r=-0.740) changes after EC1, but many of these correlations disappeared after EC2. This was also found for the relationships between other muscle damage markers (myoglobin, muscle soreness and muscle strength) and the bone markers. It was concluded that bone turnover was affected by eccentric exercise, but muscle damage was unfavorable for bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsang-Hai Huang
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Kazunori Nosaka
- Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Trevor C Chen
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan
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468
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Chen H, Li S, Yin H, Hua Z, Shao Y, Wei J, Wang J. MYC-mediated miR-320a affects receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast formation by regulating phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Bioengineered 2021; 12:12677-12687. [PMID: 34933640 PMCID: PMC8810188 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2008666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a serious bone metabolism disease. Recent studies have shown that MYC could promote the formation of osteoclasts. Evidence has also shown that miR-320a could injure osteoblasts by inducing oxidative stress. By querying the database, we found that MYC has the potential to target and affect the expression of miR-320a. However, the effects of MYC and miR-320a on the the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclasts are unclear. In this study, we examined the relationship between MYC and miR-320a with luciferase reporter assay. To investigate the role of MYC and miR320a in osteoporosis, MYC or miR-320a expression were knocked down in RAW 264.7 cells. Meanwhile, the expression of markers of osteoclasts was detected with Western blotting. Finally, we inhibited the expression of PTEN in RAW 264.7 cells with miR-320a depletion and detected the expression of abovementioned proteins. MYC promoted the expression of miR-320a in RAW 264.7 cells by binding to the promoter of miR-320a. Inhibition of MYC and miR-320a suppressed the formation of RANKL-induced osteoclasts by inhibiting the expression of c-Fos, NFATc1, TRAP and CTSK. Moreover, the expression of c-Fos, NFATc1, TRAP and CTSK was rescued and the RANKL-induced osteoclasts was promoted after the repressing the expression of PTEN. In conclusion, MYC enhanced the formation of RANKL-induced osteoclasts by modulating the miR-320a/PTEN pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Orthopedics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, JiangSu, China.,Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Yancheng Dafeng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoshuo Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Orthopedics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, JiangSu, China
| | - Heng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu,China
| | - Zhen Hua
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu,China
| | - Yang Shao
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu,China
| | - Jie Wei
- PICU, Yancheng Children's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu,China
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469
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Geng Y, Chen J, Chang C, Zhang Y, Duan L, Zhu W, Mou L, Xiong J, Wang D. Systematic Analysis of mRNAs and ncRNAs in BMSCs of Senile Osteoporosis Patients. Front Genet 2021; 12:776984. [PMID: 34987549 PMCID: PMC8721150 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.776984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Senile osteoporosis (SOP) is a worldwide age-related disease characterized by the loss of bone mass and decrease in bone strength. Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) play an important role in the pathology of senile osteoporosis. Abnormal expression and regulation of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) are involved in a variety of human diseases. In the present study, we aimed to identify differentially expressed mRNAs and ncRNAs in senile osteoporosis patient-derived BMSCs via high-throughput transcriptome sequencing in combination with bioinformatics analysis. As a result, 415 mRNAs, 30 lncRNAs, 6 circRNAs and 27 miRNAs were found to be significantly changed in the senile osteoporosis group. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were applied to analyze the function of differentially expressed mRNAs and ncRNAs. The circRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory network was constructed using the cytoHubba plugin based on the Cytoscape software. Interestingly, circRNA008876-miR-150-5p-mRNA was the sole predicted circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. The differential expression profile of this ceRNA network was further verified by qRT-PCR. The biological function of this network was validated by overexpression and knockdown experiments. In conclusion, circRNA008876-miR-150-5p-mRNA could be an important ceRNA network involved in senile osteoporosis, which provides potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for senile osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Geng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinfu Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Chongfei Chang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yifen Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Duan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weimin Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Lisha Mou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianyi Xiong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Daping Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University), Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Daping Wang,
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470
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Stavnichuk M, Komarova SV. Megakaryocyte-driven changes in bone health: lessons from mouse models of myelofibrosis and related disorders. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 322:C177-C184. [PMID: 34910601 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00328.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, numerous studies demonstrated reciprocal communications between processes of bone marrow hematopoiesis and bone remodeling. Megakaryocytes, rare bone marrow cells responsible for platelet production, were demonstrated to be involved in bone homeostasis. Myelofibrosis, characterized by an increase in pleomorphic megakaryocytes in the bone marrow, commonly leads to the development of osteosclerosis. In vivo, an increase in megakaryocyte number was shown to result in osteosclerosis in GATA-1low, NF-E2-/-, TPOhigh, Mpllf/f;PF4cre, Lnk-/-, Mpig6b-/-, Mpig6bfl/fl;Gp1ba-Cr+/KI, Pt-vWD mouse models. In vitro, megakaryocytes stimulate osteoblast proliferation and have variable effects on osteoclast proliferation and activity through soluble factors and direct cell-cell communications. Intriguingly, new studies revealed that the ability of megakaryocytes to communicate with bone cells is affected by the age and sex of animals. This mini-review summarises changes seen in bone architecture and bone cell function in mouse models with an elevated number of megakaryocytes and the effects megakaryocytes have on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro, and discusses potential molecular players that can mediate these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Stavnichuk
- Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Svetlana V Komarova
- Shriners Hospital for Children - Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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471
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Williams DF. Biocompatibility pathways and mechanisms for bioactive materials: The bioactivity zone. Bioact Mater 2021; 10:306-322. [PMID: 34901548 PMCID: PMC8636667 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This essay analyzes the scientific evidence that forms the basis of bioactive materials, covering the fundamental understanding of bioactivity phenomena and correlation with the mechanisms of biocompatibility of biomaterials. This is a detailed assessment of performance in areas such as bone-induction, cell adhesion, immunomodulation, thrombogenicity and antimicrobial behavior. Bioactivity is the modulation of biological activity by characteristics of the interfacial region that incorporates the material surface and the immediate local host tissue. Although the term ‘bioactive material’ is widely used and has a well understood general meaning, it would be useful now to concentrate on this interfacial region, considered as ‘the bioactivity zone’. Bioactivity phenomena are either due to topographical/micromechanical characteristics, or to biologically active species that are presented in the bioactivity zone. Examples of topographical/micromechanical effects are the modulation of the osteoblast – osteoclast balance, nanotopographical regulation of cell adhesion, and bactericidal nanostructures. Regulation of bioactivity by biologically active species include their influence, especially of metal ions, on signaling pathways in bone formation, the role of cell adhesion molecules and bioactive peptides in cell attachment, macrophage polarization by immunoregulatory molecules and antimicrobial peptides. While much experimental data exists to demonstrate the potential of such phenomena, there are considerable barriers to their effective clinical translation. This essay shows that there is solid scientific evidence of the existence of bioactivity mechanisms that are associated with some types of biomaterials, especially when the material is modified in a manner designed to specifically induce that activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Williams
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, 391 Technology Way. Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27101, USA
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472
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Wu X, Zhao K, Fang X, Lu F, Zhang W, Song X, Chen L, Sun J, Chen H. Inhibition of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Bone Loss by Saikosaponin D is Associated with Regulation of the RANKL/RANK Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:4741-4757. [PMID: 34848946 PMCID: PMC8627275 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s334421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteolytic diseases such as osteoporosis are featured with accelerated osteoclast differentiation and strong bone resorption. Considering the complications and other limitations of current drug treatments, it is necessary to develop a safer and more reliable drug to deal with osteoclast-related diseases. Saikosaponin D (SSD) is the active extract of Bupleurum, which has anti-inflammation, anti-tumor and liver protection functions. However, the role of SSD in regulating the differentiation and function of osteoclasts is not clear. Purpose To explore whether SSD could prevent osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption induced by M-CSF and RANKL, and further evaluate the potential therapeutic properties of SSD in LPS-induced inflammatory bone loss mouse models. Methods BMMs were cultured in complete medium stimulated by RANKL with different concentrations of SSD. TRAP staining, bone resorption determination, qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence and Western blotting were performed. A mouse model of LPS-induced calvarial bone loss was established and treated with different doses of SSD. The excised calvaria bones were used for TRAP staining, micro-CT scan and histological analysis. Results SSD inhibited the formation and bone resorption of osteoclasts induced by RANKL in vitro. SSD suppressed LPS-induced inflammatory bone loss in vivo. Conclusion SSD inhibited osteoclastogenesis and LPS-induced osteolysis in mice both which served as a new potential agent for the treatment of osteoclast-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Wu
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangxian Zhao
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxin Fang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Linhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Lu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Linhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weikang Zhang
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Song
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacheng Sun
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixiao Chen
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, People's Republic of China.,Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Linhai, People's Republic of China
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473
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Li N, Fu L, Li Z, Ke Y, Wang Y, Wu J, Yu J. The Role of Immune Microenvironment in Maxillofacial Bone Homeostasis. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.780973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maxillofacial bone defects are common medical problems caused by congenital defects, necrosis, trauma, tumor, inflammation, and fractures non-union. Maxillofacial bone defects often need bone graft, which has many difficulties, such as limited autogenous bone supply and donor site morbidity. Bone tissue engineering is a promising strategy to overcome the above-mentioned problems. Osteoimmunology is the inter-discipline that focuses on the relationship between the skeletal and immune systems. The immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in bone healing, tissue repair and regeneration in maxillofacial region. Recent studies have revealed the vital role of immune microenvironment and bone homeostasis. In this study, we analyzed the complex interaction between immune microenvironment and bone regeneration process in oral and maxillofacial region, which will be important to improve the clinical outcome of the bone injury treatment.
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474
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X-Linked Osteogenesis Imperfecta Possibly Caused by a Novel Variant in PLS3. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12121851. [PMID: 34946798 PMCID: PMC8701009 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) represents a complex spectrum of genetic bone diseases that occur primarily due to mutations and deletions of the COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes. Recent molecular studies of the network of signaling pathways have contributed to a better understanding of bone remodeling and the pathogenesis of OI caused by mutations in many other genes associated with normal bone mineralization. In this paper, a case of a rare X-linked variant of OI with a change in the gene encoding plastin 3—a protein important for the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, is presented. A 16-year-old patient developed ten bone fractures caused by minor trauma or injury, including a compression fracture of the second lumbar vertebra during his lifetime. Next-generation sequencing analysis did not show pathologically relevant deviations in the COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes. Targeted gene analyses (Skeletal disorder panel) of the patient, his father, mother and sister were then performed, detecting variants of uncertain significance (VUS) for genes PLS3, FN1 and COL11A2. A variant in the PLS3 gene were identified in the patient, his mother and sister. Since the PLS3 gene is located on the X chromosome, the mother and sister showed no signs of the disease. Although the variant in the PLS3 gene (c.685G>A (p.Gly229Arg)) has not yet been described in the literature, nor is its pathogenicity known, clinical findings combined with genetic testing showed that this variant may explain the cause of X-linked OI in our patient. This rare case of the PLS3 variant of X-linked OI might point to a novel target for personalized therapy in patients with this severe disease.
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475
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Pan X, Cen X, Zhang B, Pei F, Huang W, Huang X, Zhao Z. Circular RNAs as potential regulators in bone remodeling: a narrative review. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1505. [PMID: 34805367 PMCID: PMC8573438 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective In this review, we focus on the recent progress of circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs)-related molecular mechanisms in the processes of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis, and explore their roles in the development of bone-remodeling disorders. Background The well-coupled bone-formation and bone-resorption processes are vital in bone remodeling. Once the balance is disrupted, bone-remodeling disorders (e.g., osteoporosis and osteopetrosis) occur, severely affecting patients’ quality of life. CircRNAs, the newly discovered members of the non-coding RNA family, have been reported to act as key checkpoints of various signaling pathways that influence osteoblasts and osteoclasts functions, thus regulating the physiological and pathological processes of bone homeostasis. Methods Three English and three Chinese databases [i.e., PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE (via Ovid), Chinese Biomedical Literature, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and VIP databases] were searched to June 2021 without language restrictions. Studies exploring the roles of circRNAs in key bone remodeling mediators, such as Smad-dependent bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), Wnts, runt-related transcription factor (RUNX), forkhead boxes (FOXs), colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG), and circRNA-related bone-remodeling disorders, were included. Conclusions Many circRNAs have been shown to promote osteogenesis and facilitate osteoclast differentiation via diverse mechanisms, and thus modulate the process of bone homeostasis. The imbalance or impairment of these two parts causes diseases, such as osteoporosis, and osteonecrosis of the femoral head, which are also closely correlated to the aberrant presence of circRNAs. Current evidence provides us with promising diagnosis and treatment methods for some bone homeostasis disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Pan
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Cen
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Pei
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinqi Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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476
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Wu GJ, Chen KY, Yang JD, Liu SH, Chen RM. Naringin Improves Osteoblast Mineralization and Bone Healing and Strength through Regulating Estrogen Receptor Alpha-Dependent Alkaline Phosphatase Gene Expression. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13020-13033. [PMID: 34723490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are strongly recommended for treating osteoporosis. Our previous study showed that naringin, a citrus flavonoid, can enhance the bone mass in ovariectomized rats. In this study, we further elucidated the mechanisms of naringin-induced osteoblast maturation and bone healing. Treatment of human osteoblasts with naringin increased cell viability and proliferation. In parallel, exposure to naringin enhanced translocation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) to nuclei and its transactivation activity. Sequentially, naringin induced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) mRNA and protein expression and its enzyme activity. Pretreatment with methylpiperidinopyrazole (MPP), a specific inhibitor of ERα, attenuated naringin-induced augmentations in ERα transactivation activity, ALP gene expression, and cell mineralization. The beneficial effects of naringin were also confirmed in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells. Moreover, administration of mice with a bone defect with naringin increased levels of ERα and ALP in damaged sites and simultaneously enhanced the healing rate and bone strength. Nevertheless, treatment with MPP weakened naringin-triggered expression of ERα and ALP and improved bone healing and mass. Therefore, naringin could improve osteoblast mineralization and bone healing via regulating ERα-dependent ALP gene expression. Naringin can be clinically applied for treatment of osteoporosis-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong-Jhe Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Yen Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Di Yang
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Ming Chen
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Anesthesiology and Health Policy Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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477
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A regulatory role of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in osteoblast differentiation. Biochimie 2021; 193:137-147. [PMID: 34742858 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoblast differentiation is an important process in skeletal development and bone remodelling. Serious bone diseases occur from any delay, defect, or imbalance in osteoblastic differentiation. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a regulatory role in controlling the expression of proteins under physiological and pathological conditions via inhibiting mRNA translation or degrading mRNA. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are the long and small ncRNAs, respectively, which have been reported to regulate the expression of osteoblast marker genes directly or indirectly. Also, recent studies identified the regulatory mechanisms involving the crosstalk among circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs during osteoblast differentiation. Understanding these regulatory mechanisms behind osteoblastic differentiation would help to diagnose or treat bone and bone-related disorders. Hence, the current review comprehensively discussed the regulatory relationship of circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs, and their functional role as circRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis in osteoblast differentiation.
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478
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Ji H, Wang Y, Liu H, Liu Y, Zhang X, Xu J, Li Z, Luo E. Programmed core-shell electrospun nanofibers to sequentially regulate osteogenesis-osteoclastogenesis balance for promoting immediate implant osseointegration. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:274-288. [PMID: 34492371 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The biology of immediate post-extraction implant osseointegration is mediated by a coordinated cascade of osteoblast-osteoclast interactions. The aim of this study was to develop a dual-delivery system that allowed sequential release of substance P (SP) to promote bone regeneration and alendronate (ALN) to reduce bone resorption, which will improve the implant osseointegration. We used coaxial electrospinning to fabricate the core-shell poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)/gelatin nanofibers, which consists of SP in the shell and ALN in the core. This programmed delivery system was shown to release SP and ALN sequentially to match the spatio-temporal specificity of bone healing. The migration assay demonstrated that the SP-ALN dual-delivery system increased bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transmigration. Besides, the expression of osteogenic/osteoclastic markers, Alizarin Red staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, F-actin staining and bone resorption experiment showed that the dual-delivery system can render a microenvironment favorable for osteogenic differentiation and adverse to osteoclastogenesis. Using a rat immediate implant model, we validated the promoted osteogenic property and osseointegration around the implants of SP-ALN dual-delivery system by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analysis. These findings suggest that the dual-delivery system with time-controlled release of SP and ALN by core-shell nanofibers provides a promising strategy to facilitate immediate implant osseointegration through favorable osteogenesis. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Immediate implant placement is potentially challenged by the difficulties in achieving primary implant stability and early osteogenesis. Initial period of osteointegration is regulated by osteoblastic/osteoclastic cells resulting in a coordinated healing process. To have an efficient bone regeneration, the coaxial electrospinning was used to fabricate a programmed dual-delivery system. The SP released rapidly and favored for BMSCs migration and osteogenic differentiation, while the sustained release of ALN can reduce the bone resorption. The rat immediate implant model indicated that the SP-ALN dual-delivery system could present the promoted peri‑implant osteogenic property and osseointegration through modulating the osteogenesis-osteoclastogenesis balance. This work highlights the sequential dual delivery of SP and ALN has a promising potential of achieving enhanced osseointegration for immediate implant placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanzhong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Yiyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sichuan Hospital of Stomatology, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Hanghang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Jiazhuang Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Zhongming Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - En Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.
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479
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Duan J, Hu X, Li T, Wu G, Dou P, Ouyang Z. Cimifugin Suppresses NF-κB Signaling to Prevent Osteoclastogenesis and Periprosthetic Osteolysis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:724256. [PMID: 34658863 PMCID: PMC8511420 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.724256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Aseptic loosening of prosthesis (ALP) is one of the most common long-term complications of knee and hip arthroplasty. Wear particle-induced osteoclastogenesis and subsequent periprosthetic osteolysis account for the morbidity of ALP. Here, we investigate the potential of cimifugin (CIM), a natural extract from Cimicifuga racemosa and Saposhnikovia divaricata, as a bone-protective drug in the treatment of ALP. Method: First, we performed cell viability and osteoclast formation assays to assess the effect of noncytotoxic CIM on osteoclast differentiation in vitro. Bone slice resorption and F-actin ring immunofluorescence assays were adopted to assess the effects of CIM on bone-resorption function. Then, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT–PCR) analysis was performed to further assess the repressive effects of CIM on osteoclastogenesis at the gene expression level. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the above findings, Western blot and luciferase reporter gene assays were used to assess the regulatory effects of CIM on the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Moreover, a Ti particle-induced murine calvarial osteolysis model and subsequent histomorphometric analysis via micro-CT and immunohistochemical staining were used to elucidate the effect of CIM on periprosthetic osteolysis in vivo. Result: CIM dose-dependently inhibited both bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMM)- and RAW264.7 cell-derived osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption pit formation in vitro, which was further supported by the reduced expression of F-actin and osteoclast-specific genes. According to the Western blot analysis, inhibition of IκBα phosphorylation in the NF-κB signaling pathway, not the phosphorylation of MAPKs, was responsible for the suppressive effect of CIM on osteoclastogenesis. Animal experiments demonstrated that CIM alleviated Ti particle-induced bone erosion and osteoclast accumulation in murine calvaria. Conclusion: The current study suggested for the first time that CIM can inhibit RANKL-induced osetoclastogenesis by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro and prevent periprosthetic osteolysis in vivo. These findings suggest the potential of CIM as a therapeutic in ALP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Duan
- Department of Geriatric Internal Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuantao Hu
- Deparment of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Li
- Deparment of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gen Wu
- Deparment of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengcheng Dou
- Deparment of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengxiao Ouyang
- Deparment of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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480
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Anti-Osteoporotic Effect of Morroniside on Osteoblast and Osteoclast Differentiation In Vitro and Ovariectomized Mice In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910642. [PMID: 34638983 PMCID: PMC8508973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a continuous process of bone synthesis and destruction that is regulated by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Here, we investigated the anti-osteoporotic effects of morroniside in mouse preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells and mouse primary cultured osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro and ovariectomy (OVX)-induced mouse osteoporosis in vivo. Morroniside treatment enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and positively stained cells via upregulation of osteoblastogenesis-associated genes in MC3T3-E1 cell lines and primary cultured osteoblasts. However, morroniside inhibited tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity and TRAP-stained multinucleated positive cells via downregulation of osteoclast-mediated genes in primary cultured monocytes. In the osteoporotic animal model, ovariectomized (OVX) mice were administered morroniside (2 or 10 mg/kg/day) for 12 weeks. Morroniside prevented OVX-induced bone mineral density (BMD) loss and reduced bone structural compartment loss in the micro-CT images. Taken together, morroniside promoted increased osteoblast differentiation and decreased osteoclast differentiation in cells, and consequently inhibited OVX-induced osteoporotic pathogenesis in mice. This study suggests that morroniside may be a potent therapeutic single compound for the prevention of osteoporosis.
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481
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Nakai K, Yamamoto K, Kishida T, Kotani SI, Sato Y, Horiguchi S, Yamanobe H, Adachi T, Boschetto F, Marin E, Zhu W, Akiyoshi K, Yamamoto T, Kanamura N, Pezzotti G, Mazda O. Osteogenic Response to Polysaccharide Nanogel Sheets of Human Fibroblasts After Conversion Into Functional Osteoblasts by Direct Phenotypic Cell Reprogramming. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:713932. [PMID: 34540813 PMCID: PMC8446423 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.713932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) were converted into osteoblasts using a ALK inhibitor II (inhibitor of transforming growth factor-β signal) on freeze-dried nanogel-cross-linked porous (FD-NanoClip) polysaccharide sheets or fibers. Then, the ability of these directly converted osteoblasts (dOBs) to produce calcified substrates and the expression of osteoblast genes were analyzed in comparison with osteoblasts converted by exactly the same procedure but seeded onto a conventional atelocollagen scaffold. dOBs exposed to FD-NanoClip in both sheet and fiber morphologies produced a significantly higher concentration of calcium deposits as compared to a control cell sample (i.e., unconverted fibroblasts), while there was no statistically significant difference in calcification level between dOBs exposed to atelocollagen sheets and the control group. The observed differences in osteogenic behaviors were interpreted according to Raman spectroscopic analyses comparing different polysaccharide scaffolds and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses of dOB cultures. This study substantiates a possible new path to repair large bone defects through a simplified transplantation procedure using FD-NanoClip sheets with better osteogenic outputs as compared to the existing atelocollagen scaffolding material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Nakai
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenta Yamamoto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsunao Kishida
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Kotani
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sato
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Horiguchi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hironaka Yamanobe
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Adachi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Francesco Boschetto
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Elia Marin
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Wenliang Zhu
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiro Yamamoto
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Narisato Kanamura
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Giuseppe Pezzotti
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osam Mazda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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482
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Qu H, Zhang Y, He R, Lin N, Wang C. Anethole inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by downregulating ERK/AKT signaling and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108113. [PMID: 34530203 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a chronic population health hazard systemic metabolic disease caused by excessive bone resorption and reduced bone formation. The activity between osteoblast and osteoclast, with their mutual effects, influence the procedure of normal bone remodeling. Over-activated osteoclast differentiation and function play a crucial role in excessive bone resorption. Hence, therapy strategies targeting osteoclast activity may promote the bone mass preservation and delay the osteoporosis process. Natural compound (anethole) is emerging as potential therapeutics for various metabolic diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential effects of anethole on RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and function in vitro and in vivo. Here, in vitro TRAP staining assay was performed to investigate the inhibitory effect of anethole on osteoclast differentiation. Bone pits resorption assay revealed that osteoclast-mediated bone resorption was inhibited by anethole. At mRNA and protein levels, anethole significantly reduced the expression of osteoclast-specific genes expression in a concentration- or time-dependent manner, including NFATc1, MMP-9, DC-STAMP, c-F, TRAP, CTR, Cathepsin K, and V-ATPase d2. Furthermore, intracellular signaling transduction assay indicated that anethole inhibited osteoclast formation via blocking ERK and AKT signaling. GSK3β, the downstream signal of AKT, is simultaneously suppressed with anethole treatment. Based on ovariectomized (OVX) mice model, micro-CT and histological staining results suggested that anethole prevented estrogen deficiency-induced bone mass loss and increased osteoclast activity in vivo. In conclusion, our results show significant indications that anethole exhibits an osteoprotective effect and may be potential for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Qu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Yuankang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, XinJian District People's Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Rongxin He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Nong Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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483
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Wang M, Yang Y, Chi G, Yuan K, Zhou F, Dong L, Liu H, Zhou Q, Gong W, Yang S, Tang T. A 3D printed Ga containing scaffold with both anti-infection and bone homeostasis-regulating properties for the treatment of infected bone defects. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4735-4745. [PMID: 34095948 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00387a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Large bone defects face a high risk of infection, which can also lead to bone homeostasis disorders. This seriously hinders the bone healing process; therefore, the help of a dual-functional scaffold that has both anti-infection and bone-homeostasis-regulating capacities is needed in the treatment of infected bone defects. In this study, a 3D printed dual-functional scaffold composed of poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL), mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG), and gallium (Ga) was produced. In vitro experiments demonstrated the excellent antibacterial ability of the PCL/MBG/Ga scaffold against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The scaffold also significantly inhibited osteoclastic activity and promoted osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, a rabbit model with an infected bone defect in the radius was used to evaluate the in vivo bone healing capability of PCL/MBG/Ga. The results demonstrate that the PCL/MBG/Ga scaffold can significantly accelerate bone healing and prevent bone resorption, suggesting its potential for application in repairing infected bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minqi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Yiqi Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Guanghao Chi
- Department of Orthopedics, Han Zhong Central Hospital, Shanxi 723000, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Feng Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Liang Dong
- Shanghai Graphic Design Information Co. Ltd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Haibei Liu
- Shanghai Graphic Design Information Co. Ltd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Qinghui Zhou
- Shanghai Graphic Design Information Co. Ltd, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Weihua Gong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Shengbing Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Tingting Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
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484
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Wen C, Zhou Y, Xu Y, Tan H, Pang C, Liu H, Liu K, Wei L, Luo H, Qin T, He C, Liu C, Zhou C. The Regulatory Role of GBF1 on Osteoclast Activation Through EIF2a Mediated ER Stress and Novel Marker FAM129A Induction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:706768. [PMID: 34513838 PMCID: PMC8424197 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.706768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-resorbing activities of osteoclasts (OCs) are highly dependent on actin cytoskeleton remodeling, plasma membrane reorganization, and vesicle trafficking pathways, which are partially regulated by ARF-GTPases. In the present study, the functional roles of Golgi brefeldin A resistance factor 1 (GBF1) are proposed. GBF1 is responsible for the activation of the ARFs family and vesicular transport at the endoplasmic reticulum–Golgi interface in different stages of OCs differentiation. In the early stage, GBF1 deficiency impaired OCs differentiation and was accompanied with OCs swelling and reduced formation of mature OCs, indicating that GBF1 participates in osteoclastogenesis. Using siRNA and the specific inhibitor GCA for GBF1 knockdown upregulated endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated signaling molecules, including BiP, p-PERK, p-EIF2α, and FAM129A, and promoted autophagic Beclin1, Atg7, p62, and LC3 axis, leading to apoptosis of OCs. The present data suggest that, by blocking COPI-mediated vesicular trafficking, GBF1 inhibition caused intense stress to the endoplasmic reticulum and excessive autophagy, eventually resulting in the apoptosis of mature OCs and impaired bone resorption function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailing Wen
- SMU-KI United Medical Inflammatory Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuheng Zhou
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanting Xu
- SMU-KI United Medical Inflammatory Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijing Tan
- SMU-KI United Medical Inflammatory Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caixia Pang
- SMU-KI United Medical Inflammatory Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiqian Liu
- SMU-KI United Medical Inflammatory Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaifei Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, China
| | - Linlin Wei
- SMU-KI United Medical Inflammatory Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Luo
- SMU-KI United Medical Inflammatory Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Qin
- SMU-KI United Medical Inflammatory Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chonghua He
- SMU-KI United Medical Inflammatory Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiling Liu
- Shenzhen Bao'an District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun Zhou
- SMU-KI United Medical Inflammatory Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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485
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Xian Y, Su Y, Liang J, Long F, Feng X, Xiao Y, Lian H, Xu J, Zhao J, Liu Q, Song F. Oroxylin A reduces osteoclast formation and bone resorption via suppressing RANKL-induced ROS and NFATc1 activation. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 193:114761. [PMID: 34492273 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Excessive bone erosion by osteoclasts is associated with osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periprosthetic osteolysis. Targeting osteoclasts may serve as an effective treatment for osteolytic diseases. Although drugs are currently available for the treatment of these diseases, exploring potential anti-osteoclast natural compounds with safe and effective treatment remains needed. Oroxylin A (OA), a natural flavonoid isolated from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has numerous beneficial pharmacological characteristics, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. However, its effects and mechanisms on osteoclast formation and bone resorption have not yet been clarified. Our research showed that OA attenuated the formation and function of osteoclast induced by RANKL in a time- and concentration-dependent manner without any cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, OA suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels through the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response. Moreover, OA inhibited the activity of NFATc1, the master transcriptional regulator of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. OA exhibited protective effects in mouse models of post-ovariectomy (OVX)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone loss, in accordance with its in vitro anti-osteoclastogenic effect. Collectively, our findings highlight the potential of OA as a pharmacological agent for the prevention of osteoclast-mediated osteolytic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansi Xian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuangang Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiamin Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Feng Long
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoliang Feng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Haoyu Lian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Orthopaedic Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Fangming Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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486
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Mice Lacking the Calcitonin Receptor Do Not Display Improved Bone Healing. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092304. [PMID: 34571953 PMCID: PMC8471896 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in surgical techniques, treatment options for impaired bone healing are still limited. Inadequate bone regeneration is not only associated with pain, prolonged immobilization and often multiple revision surgeries, but also with high socioeconomic costs, underlining the importance of a detailed understanding of the bone healing process. In this regard, we previously showed that mice lacking the calcitonin receptor (CTR) display increased bone formation mediated through the increased osteoclastic secretion of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), an osteoanabolic molecule promoting osteoblast function. Although strong evidence is now available for the crucial role of osteoclast-to-osteoblast coupling in normal bone hemostasis, the relevance of this paracrine crosstalk during bone regeneration is unknown. Therefore, our study was designed to test whether increased osteoclast-to-osteoblast coupling, as observed in CTR-deficient mice, may positively affect bone repair. In a standardized femoral osteotomy model, global CTR-deficient mice displayed no alteration in radiologic callus parameters. Likewise, static histomorphometry demonstrated moderate impairment of callus microstructure and normal osseous bridging of osteotomy ends. In conclusion, bone regeneration is not accelerated in CTR-deficient mice, and contrary to its osteoanabolic action in normal bone turnover, osteoclast-to-osteoblast coupling specifically involving the CTR-S1P axis, may only be of minor relevance during bone healing.
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487
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Kalinkovich A, Livshits G. Biased and allosteric modulation of bone cell-expressing G protein-coupled receptors as a novel approach to osteoporosis therapy. Pharmacol Res 2021; 171:105794. [PMID: 34329703 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
On the cellular level, osteoporosis (OP) is a result of imbalanced bone remodeling, in which osteoclastic bone resorption outcompetes osteoblastic bone formation. Currently available OP medications include both antiresorptive and bone-forming drugs. However, their long-term use in OP patients, mainly in postmenopausal women, is accompanied by severe side effects. Notably, the fundamental coupling between bone resorption and formation processes underlies the existence of an undesirable secondary outcome that bone anabolic or anti-resorptive drugs also reduce bone formation. This drawback requires the development of anti-OP drugs capable of selectively stimulating osteoblastogenesis and concomitantly reducing osteoclastogenesis. We propose that the application of small synthetic biased and allosteric modulators of bone cell receptors, which belong to the G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) family, could be the key to resolving the undesired anti-OP drug selectivity. This approach is based on the capacity of these GPCR modulators, unlike the natural ligands, to trigger signaling pathways that promote beneficial effects on bone remodeling while blocking potentially deleterious effects. Under the settings of OP, an optimal anti-OP drug should provide fine-tuned regulation of downstream effects, for example, intermittent cyclic AMP (cAMP) elevation, preservation of Ca2+ balance, stimulation of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and estrogen production, suppression of sclerostin secretion, and/or preserved/enhanced canonical β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway. As such, selective modulation of GPCRs involved in bone remodeling presents a promising approach in OP treatment. This review focuses on the evidence for the validity of our hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kalinkovich
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6905126, Israel
| | - Gregory Livshits
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6905126, Israel; Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4077625, Israel.
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488
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Zhang Y, Enhejirigala, Li Z, Song W, Yao B, Li J, Wang Y, Duan X, Yuan X, Huang S, Fu X. The role of CTHRC1 in hair follicle regenerative capacity restored by plantar dermis homogenate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 571:14-19. [PMID: 34298337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Restoration of hair follicle (HF) regenerative capacity is the cornerstone in tissue engineering for the loss of regenerative capacity during in vitro expansion of skin-derived precursors (SKPs). Microenvironmental cues facilitated tissue or organ regeneration offers a potential strategy to overcome this difficulty. In our previous work, plantar dermis matrix homogenate (PD) has been proved to induce sweat glands regeneration both in vivo and in vitro. Here, we found PD also restore regenerative capacity of culture impaired HF spheroids (IHFS). Further, followed by our previous iTRAQ results, the CTHRC1 was identified as a potential regulator in PD facilitated restorative effects in HF regeneration. Knockout of Cthrc1 impaired HF regenerative capacity in spheroids, decreased the diameter of HF in 28 postnatal days mice and shortened invagination of HF bud in 18 days of gestation mice. In IHFS and Cthrc1-/- spheroids, PD partially restored HF regenerative capacity while Cthrc1-/- PD (PDKO) has less or no effect. Taken together, PD is an effective microenvironmental cues for HF regenerative capacity restoration and CTHRC1 played an important role in HF regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Medical Innovation Research Department and the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Enhejirigala
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Medical Innovation Research Department and the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Medical Innovation Research Department and the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Wei Song
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Medical Innovation Research Department and the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Bin Yao
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Medical Innovation Research Department and the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Medical Innovation Research Department and the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yuzhen Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Medical Innovation Research Department and the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xianlan Duan
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Medical Innovation Research Department and the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xingyu Yuan
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Medical Innovation Research Department and the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Sha Huang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Medical Innovation Research Department and the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Medical Innovation Research Department and the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China; PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China; Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU051, Beijing, 100048, China.
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489
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Role of Exosomal MicroRNAs and Their Crosstalk with Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Osteoporosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6301433. [PMID: 34336108 PMCID: PMC8315851 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6301433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is an aging-related disease involving permanent bone tissue atrophy. Most patients with OP show high levels of oxidative stress (OS), which destroys the microstructure of bone tissue and promotes disease progression. Exosomes (exos) help in the delivery of microRNAs (miRNAs) and allow intercellular communication. In OP, exosomal miRNAs modulate several physiological processes, including the OS response. In the present review, we aim to describe how exosomal miRNAs and OS contribute to OP. We first summarize the relationship of OS with OP and then detail the features of exos along with the functions of exo-related miRNAs. Further, we explore the interplay between exosomal miRNAs and OS in OP and summarize the functional role of exos in OP. Finally, we identify the advantages of exo-based miRNA delivery in treatment strategies for OP. Our review seeks to improve the current understanding of the mechanism underlying OP pathogenesis and lay the foundation for the development of novel theranostic approaches for OP.
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490
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Lu L, Chen X, Liu Y, Yu X. Gut microbiota and bone metabolism. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21740. [PMID: 34143911 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100451r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic skeletal disease. It is characterized by the deterioration of the skeletal microarchitecture and bone loss, leading to ostealgia, and even bone fractures. Accumulating evidence has indicated that there is an inextricable relationship between the gut microbiota (GM) and bone homeostasis involving host-microbiota crosstalk. Any perturbation of the GM can play an initiating and reinforcing role in disrupting the bone remodeling balance during the development of osteoporosis. Although the GM is known to influence bone metabolism, the mechanisms associated with these effects remain unclear. Herein, we review the current knowledge of how the GM affects bone metabolism in health and disease, summarize the correlation between pathogen-associated molecular patterns of GM structural components and bone metabolism, and discuss the potential mechanisms underlying how GM metabolites regulate bone turnover. Deciphering the complicated relationship between the GM and bone health will provide new insights into the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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491
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Bernhardt A, Skottke J, von Witzleben M, Gelinsky M. Triple Culture of Primary Human Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts and Osteocytes as an In Vitro Bone Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7316. [PMID: 34298935 PMCID: PMC8307867 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro evaluation of bone graft materials is generally performed by analyzing the interaction with osteoblasts or osteoblast precursors. In vitro bone models comprising different cell species can give specific first information on the performance of those materials. In the present study, a 3D co-culture model was established comprising primary human osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes. Osteocytes were differentiated from osteoblasts embedded in collagen gels and were cultivated with osteoblast and osteoclasts seeded in patterns on a porous membrane. This experimental setup allowed paracrine signaling as well as separation of the different cell types for final analysis. After 7 days of co-culture, the three cell species showed their typical morphology and gene expression of typical markers like ALPL, BSPII, BLGAP, E11, PHEX, MEPE, RANKL, ACP5, CAII and CTSK. Furthermore, relevant enzyme activities for osteoblasts (ALP) and osteoclasts (TRAP, CTSK, CAII) were detected. Osteoclasts in triple culture showed downregulated TRAP (ACP5) and CAII expression and decreased TRAP activity. ALP and BSPII expression of osteoblasts in triple culture were upregulated. The expression of the osteocyte marker E11 (PDPN) was unchanged; however, osteocalcin (BGLAP) expression was considerably downregulated both in osteoblasts and osteocytes in triple cultures compared to the respective single cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bernhardt
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint- and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.S.); (M.v.W.); (M.G.)
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492
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18F-Sodium Fluoride PET as a Diagnostic Modality for Metabolic, Autoimmune, and Osteogenic Bone Disorders: Cellular Mechanisms and Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126504. [PMID: 34204387 PMCID: PMC8234710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In a healthy body, homeostatic actions of osteoclasts and osteoblasts maintain the integrity of the skeletal system. When cellular activities of osteoclasts and osteoblasts become abnormal, pathological bone conditions, such as osteoporosis, can occur. Traditional imaging modalities, such as radiographs, are insensitive to the early cellular changes that precede gross pathological findings, often leading to delayed disease diagnoses and suboptimal therapeutic strategies. 18F-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF)-positron emission tomography (PET) is an emerging imaging modality with the potential for early diagnosis and monitoring of bone diseases through the detection of subtle metabolic changes. Specifically, the dissociated 18F- is incorporated into hydroxyapatite, and its uptake reflects osteoblastic activity and bone perfusion, allowing for the quantification of bone turnover. While 18F-NaF-PET has traditionally been used to detect metastatic bone disease, recent literature corroborates the use of 18F-NaF-PET in benign osseous conditions as well. In this review, we discuss the cellular mechanisms of 18F-NaF-PET and examine recent findings on its clinical application in diverse metabolic, autoimmune, and osteogenic bone disorders.
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493
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Hioki T, Tokuda H, Kuroyanagi G, Kim W, Tachi J, Matsushima-Nishiwaki R, Iida H, Kozawa O. Olive polyphenols attenuate TNF-α-stimulated M-CSF and IL-6 synthesis in osteoblasts: Suppression of Akt and p44/p42 MAP kinase signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111816. [PMID: 34126350 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olive oil polyphenols, which possess cytoprotective activities like anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, could modulate osteoblast functions. The aim of this study is to elucidate the effects and the underlying mechanisms of hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein on the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) synthesis in osteoblasts. METHODS Osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells were pretreated with hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, deguelin, PD98059 or wedelolactone, and then stimulated by TNF-α. The levels of M-CSF and IL-6 in the conditioned medium were determined with ELISA. The mRNA expression levels of M-CSF or IL-6 were determined with real-time RT-PCR. The phosphorylation levels of Akt, p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase or NF-κB in the cell lysates were determined with Western blot analysis. RESULTS Hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein attenuated the TNF-α-stimulated M-CSF release. Deguelin, an inhibitor of Akt, significantly suppressed the TNF-α-stimulated M-CSF release, which failed to be affected by the MEK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 or the IκB inhibitor wedelolactone. Hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein suppressed the TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of Akt and p44/p42 MAP kinase. Hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein attenuated the TNF-α-stimulated IL-6 release. Hydroxytyrosol suppressed the TNF-α-induced mRNA expressions of M-CSF and IL-6. Hydroxytyrosol or oleuropein failed to affect the cell viability. CONCLUSION Our present findings strongly suggest that olive oil polyphenols hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein down-regulates TNF-α signaling at the points upstream of Akt and p44/p42 MAP kinase in osteoblasts, leading to the attenuation of M-CSF and IL-6 synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Hioki
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Kizawa Memorial Hospital, Minokamo, Gifu 505-8503, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Tokuda
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory/Medical Genome Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; Department of Metabolic Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Gen Kuroyanagi
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Woo Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Junko Tachi
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | | | - Hiroki Iida
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Osamu Kozawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
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494
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Lee SH, Ihn HJ, Park EK, Kim JE. S100 Calcium-Binding Protein P Secreted from Megakaryocytes Promotes Osteoclast Maturation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116129. [PMID: 34200172 PMCID: PMC8201154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MKs) differentiate from hematopoietic stem cells and produce platelets at the final stage of differentiation. MKs directly interact with bone cells during bone remodeling. However, whether MKs are involved in regulating bone metabolism through indirect regulatory effects on bone cells is unclear. Here, we observed increased osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) cultured in MK-cultured conditioned medium (MK CM), suggesting that this medium contains factors secreted from MKs that affect osteoclastogenesis. To identify the MK-secreted factor, DNA microarray analysis of the human leukemia cell line K562 and MKs was performed, and S100 calcium-binding protein P (S100P) was selected as a candidate gene affecting osteoclast differentiation. S100P was more highly expressed in MKs than in K562 cells, and showed higher levels in MK CM than in K562-cultured conditioned medium. In BMMs cultured in the presence of recombinant human S100P protein, osteoclast differentiation was promoted and marker gene expression was increased. The resorption area was significantly larger in S100P protein-treated osteoclasts, demonstrating enhanced resorption activity. Overall, S100P secreted from MKs promotes osteoclast differentiation and resorption activity, suggesting that MKs indirectly regulate osteoclast differentiation and activity through the paracrine action of S100P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
- BK21 Four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
| | - Hye Jung Ihn
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
| | - Eui Kyun Park
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
- BK21 Four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-420-4949
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495
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Venetis K, Piciotti R, Sajjadi E, Invernizzi M, Morganti S, Criscitiello C, Fusco N. Breast Cancer with Bone Metastasis: Molecular Insights and Clinical Management. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061377. [PMID: 34199522 PMCID: PMC8229615 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the remarkable advances in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer patients, the presence or development of metastasis remains an incurable condition. Bone is one of the most frequent sites of distant dissemination and negatively impacts on patient's survival and overall frailty. The interplay between tumor cells and the bone microenvironment induces bone destruction and tumor progression. To date, the clinical management of bone metastatic breast cancer encompasses anti-tumor systemic therapies along with bone-targeting agents, aimed at slowing bone resorption to reduce the risk of skeletal-related events. However, their effect on patients' survival remains controversial. Unraveling the biology that governs the interplay between breast neoplastic cells and bone tissue would provide means for the development of new therapeutic agents. This article outlines the state-of-the art in the characterization and targeting the bone metastasis in breast cancer, focusing on the major clinical and translational studies on this clinically relevant topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Venetis
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy; (K.V.); (R.P.); (E.S.); (S.M.)
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Piciotti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy; (K.V.); (R.P.); (E.S.); (S.M.)
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Elham Sajjadi
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy; (K.V.); (R.P.); (E.S.); (S.M.)
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Invernizzi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy;
- Infrastruttura Ricerca Formazione Innovazione (IRFI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Stefania Morganti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy; (K.V.); (R.P.); (E.S.); (S.M.)
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Criscitiello
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy; (K.V.); (R.P.); (E.S.); (S.M.)
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (N.F.); Tel.: +39-02-9437-2079 (N.F.)
| | - Nicola Fusco
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy; (K.V.); (R.P.); (E.S.); (S.M.)
- Division of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (N.F.); Tel.: +39-02-9437-2079 (N.F.)
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496
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Regulation and Role of Transcription Factors in Osteogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115445. [PMID: 34064134 PMCID: PMC8196788 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a dynamic tissue constantly responding to environmental changes such as nutritional and mechanical stress. Bone homeostasis in adult life is maintained through bone remodeling, a controlled and balanced process between bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts. Osteoblasts secrete matrix, with some being buried within the newly formed bone, and differentiate to osteocytes. During embryogenesis, bones are formed through intramembraneous or endochondral ossification. The former involves a direct differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor to osteoblasts, and the latter is through a cartilage template that is subsequently converted to bone. Advances in lineage tracing, cell sorting, and single-cell transcriptome studies have enabled new discoveries of gene regulation, and new populations of skeletal stem cells in multiple niches, including the cartilage growth plate, chondro-osseous junction, bone, and bone marrow, in embryonic development and postnatal life. Osteoblast differentiation is regulated by a master transcription factor RUNX2 and other factors such as OSX/SP7 and ATF4. Developmental and environmental cues affect the transcriptional activities of osteoblasts from lineage commitment to differentiation at multiple levels, fine-tuned with the involvement of co-factors, microRNAs, epigenetics, systemic factors, circadian rhythm, and the microenvironments. In this review, we will discuss these topics in relation to transcriptional controls in osteogenesis.
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497
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ying L, Tao S, Shi M, Lin P, Wang Y, Han B. Regulatory Role of N6-methyladenosine (m 6A) Modification in Osteosarcoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:683768. [PMID: 34094986 PMCID: PMC8170137 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.683768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy, typically occurring in childhood or adolescence. Unfortunately, the clinical outcomes of patients with osteosarcoma are usually poor because of the aggressive nature of this disease and few treatment advances in the past four decades. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most extensive forms of RNA modification in eukaryotes found both in coding and non-coding RNAs. Accumulating evidence suggests that m6A-related factors are dysregulated in multiple osteosarcoma processes. In this review, we highlight m6A modification implicated in osteosarcoma, describing its pathophysiological role and molecular mechanism, as well as future research trends and potential clinical application in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liwei Ying
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sifeng Tao
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingmin Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangxin Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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498
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Marycz K, Smieszek A, Marcinkowska K, Sikora M, Turlej E, Sobierajska P, Patej A, Bienko A, Wiglusz RJ. Nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) Doped with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (IO), miR-21 and miR-124 Under Magnetic Field Conditions Modulates Osteoblast Viability, Reduces Inflammation and Inhibits the Growth of Osteoclast - A Novel Concept for Osteoporosis Treatment: Part 1. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:3429-3456. [PMID: 34040372 PMCID: PMC8140937 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s303412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Osteoporosis results in a severe decrease in the life quality of many people worldwide. The latest data shows that the number of osteoporotic fractures is becoming an increasing international health service problem. Therefore, a new kind of controllable treatment methods for osteoporotic fractures is extensively desired. For that reason, we have manufactured and evaluated nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp)-based composite co-doped with iron oxide (IO) nanoparticles. The biomaterial was used as a matrix for the controlled delivery of miR-21-5p and miR-124-3p, which have a proven impact on bone cell metabolism. Methods The nanocomposite Ca5(PO4)3OH/Fe3O4 (later called nHAp/IO) was obtained by the wet chemistry method and functionalised with microRNAs (nHAp/IO@miR-21/124). Its physicochemical characterization was performed using XRPD, FT-IR, SEM-EDS and HRTEM and SAED methods. The modulatory effect of the composite was tested in vitro using murine pre-osteoblasts MC3T3-E1 and pre-osteoclasts 4B12. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory effects of biomaterial were analysed using a model of LPS-treated murine macrophages RAW 264.7. We have analysed the cells’ viability, mitochondria membrane potential and oxidative stress under magnetic field (MF+) and without (MF-). Moreover, the results were supplemented with RT-qPCR and Western blot assays to evaluate the expression profile for master regulators of bone metabolism. Results The results indicated pro-osteogenic effects of nHAp/IO@miR-21/124 composite enhanced by exposure to MF. The enhanced osteogenesis guided by nHAp/IO@miR-21/124 presence was associated with increased metabolism of progenitor cells and activation of osteogenic markers (Runx-2, Opn, Coll-1). Simultaneously, nanocomposite decreased metabolism and differentiation of pre-osteoclastic 4B12 cells accompanied by reduced expression of CaII and Ctsk. Obtained composite regulated viability of bone progenitor cells and showed immunomodulatory properties inhibiting the expression of inflammatory markers, ie, TNF-α, iNOs or IL-1β, in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusion We have described for the first time a new concept of osteoporosis treatment based on nHAp/IO@miR-21/124 application. Obtained results indicated that fabricated nanocomposite might impact proper regeneration of osteoporotic bone, restoring the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Marycz
- The Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.,International Institute of Translational Medicine, Malin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Smieszek
- The Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Klaudia Marcinkowska
- The Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Sikora
- The Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Eliza Turlej
- The Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Adrian Patej
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, PAS, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alina Bienko
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafal J Wiglusz
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, PAS, Wroclaw, Poland
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499
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Modulation of Endocannabinoid Tone in Osteoblastic Differentiation of MC3T3-E1 Cells and in Mouse Bone Tissue over Time. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051199. [PMID: 34068882 PMCID: PMC8157192 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a highly complex and metabolically active tissue undergoing a continuous remodeling process, which endures throughout life. A complex cell-signaling system that plays role in regulating different physiological processes, including bone remodeling, is the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Bone mass expresses CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and enzymatic machinery responsible for the metabolism of their endogenous ligands, endocannabinoids (AEA and 2-AG). Exogenous AEA is reported to increase the early phase of human osteoblast differentiation in vitro. However, regarding this cell context little is known about how endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-related N-acylethanolamines like PEA and OEA are modulated, in vitro, during cell differentiation and, in vivo, over time up to adulthood. Here we characterized the endocannabinoid tone during the different phases of the osteoblast differentiation process in MC3T3-E1 cells, and we measured endocannabinoid levels in mouse femurs at life cycle stages characterized by highly active bone growth (i.e., of juvenile, young adult, and mature adult bone). Endocannabinoid tone was significantly altered during osteoblast differentiation, with substantial OEA increment, decline in 2-AG and AEA, and consistent modulation of their metabolic enzymes in maturing and mineralized MC3T3-E1 cells. Similarly, in femurs, we found substantial, age-related, decline in 2-AG, OEA, and PEA. These findings can expand existing knowledge underlying physiological bone cell function and contribute to therapeutic strategies for preventing bone-related metabolic changes accruing through lifespan.
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500
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Bhandari D, Elshaarrawi A, Katula KS. The human WNT5A isoforms display similar patterns of expression but distinct and overlapping activities in normal human osteoblasts. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:1262-1276. [PMID: 33982816 PMCID: PMC8518764 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
WNT5A activates noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways and has critical functions in early development, differentiation, and tissue homeostasis. Two major WNT5A protein isoforms, which in this study we term WNT5A-L(A) and WNT5A-S(B), have been identified that differ by 18 AA at their amino terminus. Functional differences between the isoforms have been indicated in studies utilizing cancer cell lines but the activities of the isoforms in normal cells and during differentiation have not been explored. We examined the WNT5A isoforms in the normal osteoblast cell line hFOB1.19. WNT5A-L(A) and WNT5A-S(B) transcripts increased from Days 3 to 21 of differentiation but WNT5A-S(B) showed a greater fold-change. In undifferentiated cells, there are 2-fold more WNT5A-L(A) than WNT5A-S(B) transcripts. Total intracellular WNT5A protein increased up to 3-fold during differentiation. siRNA knockdown of total WNT5A leads to a decrease in the expression of the differentiation markers, osteocalcin and RUNX2. Conditioned medium containing the isoform proteins [CM-L(A) and CM-S(B)] was used to analyze the effects of the isoforms on β-catenin and noncanonical signaling, proliferation, gene expression, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Treatment with both CM-L(A) and CM-S(B) reduced β-catenin signaling. CM-L(A) but not CM-S(B) significantly increased the proliferation of nondifferentiated hFOB1.19 cells. CM-L(A) enhanced osteocalcin transcripts over 2-fold in differentiating cells, whereas CM-S(B) had no effect. Analysis of differentiating cells up to Day 21 revealed no significant effect of treatment with CM-L(A) or CM-S(B) on ALP activity or osteocalcin gene expression. pJNK levels were unaffected in proliferating cells by treatment with neither isoform. pPKC increased slightly in CM-L(A)-treated cells at 15 min but by 2 h pPKC levels were less than the control. CM-S(B) had a more robust effect on pPKC levels that continued up to 2 h. Together these results suggest that the WNT5A isoforms have distinct and overlapping functions in normal osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dristi Bhandari
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ahmed Elshaarrawi
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Karen S Katula
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
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