501
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Yüksel E, Canhilal R. Erciyes Üniversitesinde Entomofaji Hakkında Bir Kamuoyu Araştırması. ULUSLARARASI TARIM VE YABAN HAYATI BILIMLERI DERGISI 2018. [DOI: 10.24180/ijaws.440555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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502
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Kamemura N, Sugimoto M, Tamehiro N, Adachi R, Tomonari S, Watanabe T, Mito T. Cross-allergenicity of crustacean and the edible insect Gryllus bimaculatus in patients with shrimp allergy. Mol Immunol 2018; 106:127-134. [PMID: 30597474 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Food scarcity is a serious problem for many developing as well as developed countries. Edible insects have attracted attention recently as a novel food source. Crickets are especially high in nutritional value and easy to breed and harvest. In this study, we evaluated the risk of allergic reactions associated with cricket consumption in individuals with crustacean allergy. We evaluated food allergy risk in the consumption of Gryllus bimaculatus (cricket) in patients with shrimp allergy, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and IgE crosslinking-induced luciferase expression assay (EXiLE). Sera from individuals with shrimp allergy (positive for shrimp-specific IgE by ImmunoCAP (>0.35 UA/mL; n = 9) or without shrimp allergy (negative for shrimp-specific IgE; n = 6) were obtained. There was a strong correlation between shrimp- and Gryllus-specific IgE levels obtained by ELISA (rs = 0.99; P < 0.001). The binding of shrimp-specific IgE on shrimp allergen was dose-dependently inhibited by Gryllus allergen (0-1.0 mg/mL). There was a strong correlation between shrimp- and Gryllus-specific IgE responses, as assessed by EXiLE assays (rs = 0.89; P < 0.001). We determined that a protein of approximately 40 kDa reacted with the positive, but not negative, sera for shrimp-specific IgE by ImmunoCAP. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis identified the major allergen in shrimp and Gryllus to be tropomyosin. Our data suggest that the cricket allergen has the potential to induce an allergic reaction in individuals with crustacean allergy. Therefore, allergy risk and shrimp-specific IgE levels should be considered before consumption of cricket meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norio Kamemura
- Department of Food-Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mayumi Sugimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Norimasa Tamehiro
- Division of Biochemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Reiko Adachi
- Division of Biochemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sayuri Tomonari
- Division of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takahito Watanabe
- Division of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Taro Mito
- Division of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
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503
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Schmidt A, Call LM, Macheiner L, Mayer HK. Determination of vitamin B 12 in four edible insect species by immunoaffinity and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. Food Chem 2018; 281:124-129. [PMID: 30658738 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Insects are rich in major nutrients, such as protein and fat. Recently, minor nutrients like vitamins have become the subjects of interest in insects. Hence, this study reports on the development and validation of a method for the determination of vitamin B12 in mealworm (Tenebrio molitor larvae), cricket (Gryllus assimilis), grasshopper (Locusta migratoria) and cockroach (Shelfordella lateralis), using an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography approach with preliminary immunoaffinity chromatography sample preparation. The method was validated regarding linearity, specificity, accuracy and precision, as well as limits of detection/quantification, and was found to be satisfactory for the desired application. Found levels of vitamin B12 were 1.08 µg/100 g for mealworm, 2.88 µg/100 g for cricket, 0.84 µg/100 g for grasshopper, and 13.2 µg/100 g dry weight for cockroach, representing the first validated report on the content of vitamin B12 in edible insects. Observed interferences are likely caused by the presence of pseudovitamin B12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatol Schmidt
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Food Chemistry Laboratory, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa-Maria Call
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Food Chemistry Laboratory, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Macheiner
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Food Chemistry Laboratory, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut K Mayer
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Food Chemistry Laboratory, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
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504
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Mézes
- Department of Nutrition, Szent István University, Páter K. u. 1, H-2103 Gödöllő. Hungary
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505
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Chia SY, Tanga CM, Osuga IM, Mohamed SA, Khamis FM, Salifu D, Sevgan S, Fiaboe KK, Niassy S, van Loon JJ, Dicke M, Ekesi S. Effects of waste stream combinations from brewing industry on performance of Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). PeerJ 2018; 6:e5885. [PMID: 30519507 PMCID: PMC6272031 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, there has been a rapidly growing demand for readily accessible substrates for mass production of Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens Linnaeus. Beer production results in various by-products that typically end up in uncontrolled dumpsites constituting pollution problems, which merits urgent attention. The present study investigated whether the 12 formulated diets composed of brewers' spent grains (BSGs), brewers' yeast and cane molasses can serve as substrate for H. illucens production. METHODS Four different BSGs were selected and formulated into 12 diets, aiming at varying protein and net energy levels. The diets were offered to newly hatched (∼1 h old) H. illucens larvae and the influence on developmental duration, survival, wet weight, pre-oviposition time, fecundity, and longevity were compared. RESULTS Developmental duration of the larvae (16-21 days) and pre-pupae (8-11 days) differed significantly across the different diets. The developmental duration of the pupae (8.7-9.1 days) was not affected by diet. The larval (86-99.2%), pre-pupal (71-95%), and pupal (65-91%) survival rates varied significantly between flies reared on the different diets. The pre-oviposition time was similar for flies provided with water (7-11 days) and 10% sugar solution (8-14 days) or across the different diets. The mean fecundity per female ranged from 324-787 eggs and did not differ between females provided with water or sugar solution. However, the number of eggs laid per female varied significantly across the different diets when provided with water. The longevity of starved H. illucens adults was significantly lower (5 days) compared to those provided with water (11-14 days) or sugar solution (14-15 days). DISCUSSION The implications of these findings as part of a quality control procedure for commercial production of high-quality H. illucens larvae as an alternative protein ingredient in livestock and aquaculture feed are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaphan Y. Chia
- Plant Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
- Laboratory of Entomology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Chrysantus M. Tanga
- Plant Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Isaac M. Osuga
- Department of Animal Sciences, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Samira A. Mohamed
- Plant Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Fathiya M. Khamis
- Plant Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Daisy Salifu
- Plant Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Subramanian Sevgan
- Plant Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Komi K.M. Fiaboe
- Plant Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Saliou Niassy
- Plant Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Joop J.A. van Loon
- Laboratory of Entomology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Dicke
- Laboratory of Entomology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sunday Ekesi
- Plant Health Theme, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
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506
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Ng'ang'a J, Imathiu S, Fombong F, Ayieko M, Vanden Broeck J, Kinyuru J. Microbial quality of edible grasshoppers
Ruspolia differens
(Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae): From wild harvesting to fork in the Kagera Region, Tanzania. J Food Saf 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah Ng'ang'a
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and TechnologyJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya
| | - Samuel Imathiu
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and TechnologyJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya
| | - Forkwa Fombong
- Afdeling Dierenphysiologie en NeurobiologieKatholieke Universiteit Leuven Belgium
| | - Monica Ayieko
- Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology Bondo Kenya
| | - Jozef Vanden Broeck
- Afdeling Dierenphysiologie en NeurobiologieKatholieke Universiteit Leuven Belgium
| | - John Kinyuru
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and TechnologyJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya
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507
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Chia SY, Tanga CM, Khamis FM, Mohamed SA, Salifu D, Sevgan S, Fiaboe KKM, Niassy S, van Loon JJA, Dicke M, Ekesi S. Threshold temperatures and thermal requirements of black soldier fly Hermetia illucens: Implications for mass production. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206097. [PMID: 30383771 PMCID: PMC6211680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts to recycle organic wastes using black soldier fly (BSF) Hermetia illucens into high-nutrient biomass that constitutes a sustainable fat (biodiesel) and high-quality protein ingredient in animal feeds have recently gained momentum worldwide. However, there is little information on the most suitable rearing conditions for growth, development and survivorship of these flies, which is a prerequisite for mass production technologies. We evaluated the physiological requirements for growth and reproduction of H. illucens on two diets [spent grains supplemented with brewers’ yeast (D1) and un-supplemented (D2)]. Development rates at nine constant temperatures (10–42°C) were fitted to temperature-dependent linear and non-linear day-degree models. Thereafter, life history table parameters were determined within a range of favourable temperatures. The thermal maximum (TM) estimates for larval, pre-pupal and pupal development using non-linear model ranged between 37.2 ± 0.3 and 44.0 ± 2.3°C. The non-linear and linear day-degree model estimations of lower developmental temperature threshold for larvae were 11.7 ± 0.9 and 12.3 ± 1.4°C for D1, and 10.4 ± 1.7 and 11.7 ± 3.0°C for D2, respectively. The estimated thermal constant of immature life stages development of BSF was higher for the larval stage (250±25 DD for D1 and 333±51 for D2) than the other stages evaluated. Final larval wet weight was higher on D1 compared to D2. The population growth rate was most favourable at 30-degree celsius (°C) with higher intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm = 0.127 for D1 and 0.122 for D2) and shorter doubling time (5.5 days for D1 and 5.7 days for D2) compared to the other temperatures. These results are valuable for the optimization of commercial mass rearing procedures of BSF under various environmental conditions and prediction of population dynamics patterns using computer simulation models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaphan Yong Chia
- Laboratory of Entomology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Chrysantus Mbi Tanga
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
- * E-mail:
| | - Fathiya M. Khamis
- Laboratory of Entomology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Samira A. Mohamed
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Daisy Salifu
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Subramanian Sevgan
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Komi K. M. Fiaboe
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Saliou Niassy
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Joop J. A. van Loon
- Laboratory of Entomology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Dicke
- Laboratory of Entomology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sunday Ekesi
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
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508
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Lacroix IME, Dávalos Terán I, Fogliano V, Wichers HJ. Investigation into the potential of commercially available lesser mealworm (
A. diaperinus
) protein to serve as sources of peptides with DPP‐IV inhibitory activity. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle M. E. Lacroix
- Food & Biobased Research Wageningen University and Research Wageningen 6700AA The Netherlands
| | - Irene Dávalos Terán
- Food Quality & Design Wageningen University and Research Wageningen 6700AA The Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Fogliano
- Food Quality & Design Wageningen University and Research Wageningen 6700AA The Netherlands
| | - Harry J. Wichers
- Food & Biobased Research Wageningen University and Research Wageningen 6700AA The Netherlands
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509
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Berger S, Bärtsch C, Schmidt C, Christandl F, Wyss AM. When Utilitarian Claims Backfire: Advertising Content and the Uptake of Insects as Food. Front Nutr 2018; 5:88. [PMID: 30333980 PMCID: PMC6175990 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A key challenge for climate change mitigation on the consumer side is to break habits that excessively lead to carbon emission. One of the culturally most robust human routines is the heavy reliance of the Western societies on conventional meat sources such as beef, pork, and poultry, which were recently accused of causing particularly high climate costs. In this light, the UN (FAO) has suggested the increasing use of insects as an alternative source of animal protein intended for human diets. Yet, insects have not reached the mainstream of Western cuisine. Currently, a frequent promotion strategy of insects is to highlight the Utilitarian benefits associated with their consumption (e.g., with respect to the environment or one's health). The present research addresses the efficacy of such claims in a consumer research study involving 180 participants recruited from the general population in Germany. Arguing based on social-cognitive research in the area of moral and environmental psychology, we hypothesized and found that a focus on beneficial, but temporally distant motives (e.g., health)—counterintuitively—decreases consumption in comparison to immediate, hedonic advertisements (e.g., tasty). Furthermore, our study provides process evidence suggesting pretrial expectations induced by a particular claim mediate the relationship between claims and consumption. Thus, the present research not only refutes a state-of-the-art approach in the promotion of insects as food, but also provides an alternative approach and process evidence by integrating psychological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Berger
- Department of Organization and Human Resource Management, Institute of Organization, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Fabian Christandl
- School of Psychology, Fresenius University of Applied Science, Cologne, Germany
| | - Annika M Wyss
- Department of Organization and Human Resource Management, Institute of Organization, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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510
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Walia K, Kapoor A, Farber J. Qualitative risk assessment of cricket powder to be used to treat undernutrition in infants and children in Cambodia. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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511
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Jayson S, Ferguson A, Goetz M, Routh A, Tapley B, Harding L, Michaels CJ, Dawson J. Comparison of the nutritional content of the captive and wild diets of the critically endangered mountain chicken frog (Leptodactylus fallax) to improve its captive husbandry. Zoo Biol 2018; 37:332-346. [PMID: 30221785 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
It is vital to provide appropriate nutrition to maintain healthy populations in conservation breeding programs. Knowledge of the wild diet of a species can be used to inform captive diet formulation. The nutritional content of the wild diet of the critically endangered mountain chicken frog (Leptodactylus fallax) is unknown, like that of most amphibians. In this study, we analyzed the nutritional content of food items that comprise 91% of the wild diet of L. fallax, by dry weight of food items, and all food items offered to captive L. fallax at ZSL London Zoo and Jersey Zoo. We subsequently compared the nutritional content of the wild diet and captive diet at ZSL London Zoo consumed by L. fallax. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to directly compare the nutritional content of the wild and captive diets of an anuran amphibian. The captive diet at ZSL London Zoo, without dusting of nutritional supplements, was higher in gross energy and crude fat and lower in ash, calcium and calcium:phosphorus ratio than the wild diet. Most of the food items in the captive diets had a high omega-6:omega-3 fatty acid ratio and in the wild diet had a low omega-6:omega-3 fatty acid ratio. We recommend a combination of modifications to the captive diets to better reflect the nutritional content of the wild diet. Nutritional analysis of captive and wild diets is recommended for other species in conservation breeding programs to improve captive husbandry and ultimately fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Jayson
- Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, United Kingdom.,The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Ferguson
- Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Goetz
- Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Les Augrès Manor, Trinity, Jersey, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Routh
- Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Les Augrès Manor, Trinity, Jersey, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Tapley
- Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luke Harding
- Paignton Zoo Environmental Park, Paignton, Devon, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jeff Dawson
- Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Les Augrès Manor, Trinity, Jersey, United Kingdom
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512
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Séré A, Bougma A, Ouilly JT, Traoré M, Sangaré H, Lykke AM, Ouédraogo A, Gnankiné O, Bassolé IHN. Traditional knowledge regarding edible insects in Burkina Faso. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2018; 14:59. [PMID: 30217159 PMCID: PMC6137937 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-018-0258-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insects play an important role as a diet supplement in Burkina Faso, but the preferred insect species vary according to the phytogeographical zone, ethnic groups, and gender. The present study aims at documenting indigenous knowledge on edible insects in Burkina Faso. METHODS A structured ethno-sociological survey was conducted with 360 informants in nine villages located in two phytogeographical zones of Burkina Faso. Identification of the insects was done according to the classification of Scholtz. Chi-square tests and principal component analysis were performed to test for significant differences in edible insect species preferences among phytogeographical zones, villages, ethnic groups, and gender. RESULTS Edible insects were available at different times of the year. They were collected by hand picking, digging in the soil, and luring them into water traps. The edible insects collected were consumed fried, roasted, or grilled. All species were indifferently consumed by children, women, and men without regard to their ages. A total of seven edible insect species belonging to five orders were cited in the Sudanian zone of Burkina Faso. Macrotermes subhyalinus (Rambur), Cirina butyrospermi (Vuillet, 1911), Kraussaria angulifera (Krauss, 1877), Gryllus campestris (Linnaeus, 1758), and Carbula marginella (Thunberg) (35.66-8.47% of the citations) were most cited whereas Rhynchophorus phoenicis (Fabricius, 1801) and Oryctes sp. (3.41-0.27%) were least cited. Cirina butyrospermi was most cited in the South Sudanian zone, whereas Macrotermes subhyalinus and Kraussaria angulifera were most cited in the North Sudanian zone but were cited in all nine villages. Cirina butyrospermi was preferred by Bobo, Guin, Sambla, Senoufo, and Turka ethnic groups whereas Macrotermes subhyalinus was preferred by Fulani, Mossi, and Toussian ethnic groups. Oryctes sp. was cited only by the Toussian. CONCLUSION A diversity of edible insects was consumed in both the South and North Sudanian zone of Burkina Faso with significant differences in species preferences according to phytogeographical zones, villages, ethnic groups, and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminata Séré
- Département de Biochimie Microbiologie, Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph KI-Zerbo, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Adjima Bougma
- Département de Biochimie Microbiologie, Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph KI-Zerbo, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Judicaël Thomas Ouilly
- Département de Biochimie Microbiologie, Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph KI-Zerbo, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Mamadou Traoré
- Département Productions Forestières, Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), 03 BP 7047, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Hassane Sangaré
- Département de Biochimie Microbiologie, Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph KI-Zerbo, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Anne Mette Lykke
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Amadé Ouédraogo
- Département de biologie et physiologie végétale, Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph KI-Zerbo, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Olivier Gnankiné
- Département de biologie et physiologie animales, Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph KI-Zerbo, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Imaël Henri Nestor Bassolé
- Département de Biochimie Microbiologie, Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph KI-Zerbo, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
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513
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Chemical, functional and thermal characterization, and fatty acid profile of the edible grasshopper (Sphenarium purpurascens Ch.). Eur Food Res Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-018-3160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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514
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Tramuta C, Gallina S, Bellio A, Bianchi DM, Chiesa F, Rubiola S, Romano A, Decastelli L. A Set of Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reactions for Genomic Detection of Nine Edible Insect Species in Foods. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2018; 18:5095291. [PMID: 30215801 PMCID: PMC6132929 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iey087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
On 1 January 2018, a new regulation on 'Novel Food' has come into application in the EU. Insects and insect-based products are therefore included among the categories of food which constitute novel foods. Insects are nutrient-rich, produce fewer greenhouse gases and ammonia than conventional livestock, and have high feed conversion efficiency. Insects may be an alternative food source in the near future, but consideration of insects as a food requires scrutiny due to the risk of allergens. The aim of the present study was to develop a set of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect nine edible insect species directly in foods. Four sets of mPCRs were designed to detect Locusta migratoria migratorioides (Reiche & Fairmaire, 1849) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Tenebrio molitor (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) (mPCR-I), Acheta domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), Bombyx mori (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae (mPCR-II), Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), Schistocerca gregaria (Forskål, 1775) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Zophobas atratus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) (mPCR-III), Galleria mellonella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), and Gryllodes sigillatus (Walker, 1869) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) (mPCR-IV). Results demonstrate that the panel of mPCRs allowed a rapid genetic identification of the insect species and has proved to be a sensible and highly discriminatory method. The assay is a potential tool in issues related to the labeling of products and food safety, in case of allergic consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Tramuta
- Controllo Alimenti e Igiene delle Produzioni, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, via Bologna, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Gallina
- Controllo Alimenti e Igiene delle Produzioni, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, via Bologna, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Bellio
- Controllo Alimenti e Igiene delle Produzioni, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, via Bologna, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniela M Bianchi
- Controllo Alimenti e Igiene delle Produzioni, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, via Bologna, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Selene Rubiola
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Angelo Romano
- Controllo Alimenti e Igiene delle Produzioni, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, via Bologna, Turin, Italy
| | - Lucia Decastelli
- Controllo Alimenti e Igiene delle Produzioni, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, via Bologna, Turin, Italy
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van der Fels-Klerx HJ, Camenzuli L, Belluco S, Meijer N, Ricci A. Food Safety Issues Related to Uses of Insects for Feeds and Foods. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:1172-1183. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. J. van der Fels-Klerx
- Dept. of Toxicology and Novel Foods; RIKILT Wageningen Research; Akkermaalsbos 2 NL-6708 WB Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - L. Camenzuli
- Dept. of Toxicology and Novel Foods; RIKILT Wageningen Research; Akkermaalsbos 2 NL-6708 WB Wageningen The Netherlands
- ExxonMobile Petroleum & Chemical; Hermeslaan 2 1831 Machelen Belgium
| | - S. Belluco
- Food Safety Dept., Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie; Via dell'Università; 10 35020 Legnaro (PD) Italy
| | - N. Meijer
- Dept. of Toxicology and Novel Foods; RIKILT Wageningen Research; Akkermaalsbos 2 NL-6708 WB Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - A. Ricci
- Food Safety Dept., Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie; Via dell'Università; 10 35020 Legnaro (PD) Italy
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516
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Casas Reátegui R, Pawera L, Villegas Panduro PP, Polesny Z. Beetles, ants, wasps, or flies? An ethnobiological study of edible insects among the Awajún Amerindians in Amazonas, Peru. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2018; 14:53. [PMID: 30092837 PMCID: PMC6085703 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-018-0252-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insects are known to be able to provide valuable nutrients to indigenous populations across the Amazon. However, studies on traditional insect use in the Peruvian Amazon are scarce. This study documents edible insect diversity and characterizes their food and collection patterns in eight Awajún communities in the Peruvian Amazon. Additionally, we reviewed what has been known to date about the nutrient composition of the documented species. METHODS The survey was conducted among the Awajún populations living in the Huampami, Paisa, Achu, and Tseasim communities in the Cenepa district and the Shijap, San Mateo, Kusu, and Listra communities in the Imaza district. Data collection was conducted through a freelisting exercise complemented by a semi-structured inquiry form in the Awajún language. In total, 104 informants (72 men and 32 women) aged between 16 to 73 years were interviewed. RESULTS The Awajún people use at least 12 insect species, with Rhynchophorus palmarum, Atta cephalotes, and Rhinostomus barbirostris being the most important ones. Beetles of the family Curculionidae represent the culturally most salient taxon. In the more accessible and developed Imaza district, the Awajún tend to eat almost exclusively R. palmarum, while in the more isolated and preserved Cenepa district, the community's preferences are linked with more species. Although men are the main insect collectors, women cited more edible insects on average. The insects are eaten mainly roasted or raw. Further use patterns and differences between the districts are discussed. CONCLUSION Traditional knowledge related to edible insects and the ecosystems they occur in is widespread among the Awajún populations, and insects still represent an important part of the indigenous food system. This ethnobiological survey discovered five species that are newly recorded as edible insects. Chemical composition of insects deemed edible by the Awajún ought to be analyzed in the future and awareness about their nutritional importance should be raised to harness the potential of this underutilized yet nutrient-rich traditional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Casas Reátegui
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
- Departamento Agroforestal Acuícola, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonia, Carretera a San Jose K.m. 0.5, Yarinacocha, Pucallpa, Peru
- Departamento de Ciencas Agricolas, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Ucayali, Carretera Federico Basadre K.m. 6.00, Pucallpa, Peru
| | - Lukas Pawera
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Pablo Pedro Villegas Panduro
- Departamento Agroforestal Acuícola, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Amazonia, Carretera a San Jose K.m. 0.5, Yarinacocha, Pucallpa, Peru
| | - Zbynek Polesny
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic
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517
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Melis R, Braca A, Mulas G, Sanna R, Spada S, Serra G, Fadda ML, Roggio T, Uzzau S, Anedda R. Effect of freezing and drying processes on the molecular traits of edible yellow mealworm. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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518
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Mwaniki Z, Neijat M, Kiarie E. Egg production and quality responses of adding up to 7.5% defatted black soldier fly larvae meal in a corn-soybean meal diet fed to Shaver White Leghorns from wk 19 to 27 of age. Poult Sci 2018; 97:2829-2835. [PMID: 29669038 PMCID: PMC6044407 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined egg production and quality responses of adding up to 7.5% defatted black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) in a corn-soybean meal diet fed to pullets (19 to 27 wk of age). The concentration of CP and crude fat in BSFLM sample was 59.3 and 7.0% DM, respectively. A corn-soybean meal diet was formulated with 0 or 5.0 or 7.5% BSFLM and fed (n = 6) to a total of 108, 19-wk-old Shaver White pullets placed in conventional cages (6 birds/cage). The birds had free access to feed and water. Hen-day egg production (HDEP) and average egg weight were monitored daily and feed intake (FI) weekly. Egg quality parameters were assessed on individual eggs collected on the 5th d of wk 22, 24, and 26 and included individual EW (IEW), albumen height (HU), yolk color (YC), egg shell-breaking strength (SBS) and thickness (ST). A quadratic response (P < 0.02) was observed for HDEP, EW and egg mass. Specifically, birds fed 0 and 7.5% BSFLM diets had similar (P > 0.05) values for these parameters with birds fed 5.0% BSFLM showing lower (P < 0.05) HDEP than 0 or 7.5% BSFLM fed birds. The HDEP was 89.4, 84.8, and 87.8 for 0, 5.0, and 7.5% BSFLM, respectively. Feeding BSFLM linearly (P < 0.01) increased FI and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (FI/egg mass). There was no diet effect (P > 0.05) on IEW and HU, however, BSFLM linearly (P = 0.02) reduced CV of IEW. The IEW was 53.7, 52.3, and 53.0 g for 0, 5.0, and 7.5% BSFLM-fed birds, respectively and corresponding CV values of IEW were 7.9, 5.2, and 5.1%. Feeding BSFLM linearly (P < 0.01) increased YC, SBS, and ST. In conclusion, birds fed 7.5% BSFLM had similar HDEP and egg mass but poor FCR relative to corn-soybean meal diet without BSFLM. The effects of BSFLM on egg quality characteristics warrant further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Mwaniki
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G 2W1, ON, Canada
| | - M Neijat
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G 2W1, ON, Canada
| | - E Kiarie
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G 2W1, ON, Canada
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519
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Impact of Edible Cricket Consumption on Gut Microbiota in Healthy Adults, a Double-blind, Randomized Crossover Trial. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10762. [PMID: 30018370 PMCID: PMC6050247 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29032-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Edible insects are often considered a nutritious, protein-rich, environmentally sustainable alternative to traditional livestock with growing popularity among North American consumers. While the nutrient composition of several insects is characterized, all potential health impacts have not been evaluated. In addition to high protein levels, crickets contain chitin and other fibers that may influence gut health. In this study, we evaluated the effects of consuming 25 grams/day whole cricket powder on gut microbiota composition, while assessing safety and tolerability. Twenty healthy adults participated in this six-week, double-blind, crossover dietary intervention. Participants were randomized into two study arms and consumed either cricket-containing or control breakfast foods for 14 days, followed by a washout period and assignment to the opposite treatment. Blood and stool samples were collected at baseline and after each treatment period to assess liver function and microbiota changes. Results demonstrate cricket consumption is tolerable and non-toxic at the studied dose. Cricket powder supported growth of the probiotic bacterium, Bifidobacterium animalis, which increased 5.7-fold. Cricket consumption was also associated with reduced plasma TNF-α. These data suggest that eating crickets may improve gut health and reduce systemic inflammation; however, more research is needed to understand these effects and underlying mechanisms.
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520
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Smetana S, Ashtari Larki N, Pernutz C, Franke K, Bindrich U, Toepfl S, Heinz V. Structure design of insect-based meat analogs with high-moisture extrusion. J FOOD ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2017.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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521
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Zielińska E, Baraniak B, Karaś M. Identification of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory peptides obtained by simulated gastrointestinal digestion of three edible insects species (Gryllodes sigillatus,Tenebrio molitor,Schistocerca gragaria). Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Zielińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry; University of Life Sciences in Lublin; Skromna Str. 8 Lublin 20-704 Poland
| | - Barbara Baraniak
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry; University of Life Sciences in Lublin; Skromna Str. 8 Lublin 20-704 Poland
| | - Monika Karaś
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry; University of Life Sciences in Lublin; Skromna Str. 8 Lublin 20-704 Poland
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522
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David-Birman T, Raften G, Lesmes U. Effects of thermal treatments on the colloidal properties, antioxidant capacity and in-vitro proteolytic degradation of cricket flour. Food Hydrocoll 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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523
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de Castro RJS, Ohara A, Aguilar JGDS, Domingues MAF. Nutritional, functional and biological properties of insect proteins: Processes for obtaining, consumption and future challenges. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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524
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Fogang Mba AR, Kansci G, Viau M, Ribourg L, Fogoh Muafor J, Hafnaoui N, Le Gall P, Genot C. Growing conditions and morphotypes of African palm weevil ( Rhynchophorus phoenicis ) larvae influence their lipophilic nutrient but not their amino acid compositions. J Food Compost Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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525
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Pali-Schöll I, Binder R, Moens Y, Polesny F, Monsó S. Edible insects - defining knowledge gaps in biological and ethical considerations of entomophagy. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:2760-2771. [PMID: 29693413 PMCID: PMC6816476 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1468731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
While seeking novel food sources to feed the increasing population of the globe, several alternatives have been discussed, including algae, fungi or in vitro meat. The increasingly propagated usage of farmed insects for human nutrition raises issues regarding food safety, consumer information and animal protection. In line with law, insects like any other animals must not be reared or manipulated in a way that inflicts unnecessary pain, distress or harm on them. Currently, there is a great need for research in the area of insect welfare, especially regarding species-specific needs, health, farming systems and humane methods of killing. Recent results from neurophysiological, neuroanatomical and behavioral sciences prompt caution when denying consciousness and therefore the likelihood of presence of pain and suffering or something closely related to it to insects. From an animal protection point of view, these issues should be satisfyingly solved before propagating and establishing intensive husbandry systems for insects as a new type of mini-livestock factory farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Pali-Schöll
- Comparative Medicine, Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Regina Binder
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Animal Welfare, Department of Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yves Moens
- Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Intensive Care, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Friedrich Polesny
- AGES Academy, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Vienna, Austria
| | - Susana Monsó
- Ethics and Human-Animal Studies, Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Section of Moral and Political Philosophy, Institute of Philosophy, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria
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526
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Changes in the amino acid profiles and free radical scavenging activities of Tenebrio molitor larvae following enzymatic hydrolysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196218. [PMID: 29727456 PMCID: PMC5935390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenebrio molitor (T. molitor) larvae provide food at low environmental cost and contribute positively to livelihoods. In this research, we compared the amino acids compositions and antioxidant activities of various extracts of T. molitor to enhance their quality as food. For the comparison, distilled water extracts, enzymatic hydrolysates, and condensed enzymatic hydrolysates of T. molitor larvae were prepared. Their amino acids (AAs) profiles and antioxidant activities, including ferric-reducing antioxidant power, oxygen radical absorption capacity, and DPPH, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging properties assay were analyzed. DW extracts had the lowest AAs contents and antioxidant activity compared with enzymatic extracts. Condensed hydrolysates with a combination of alcalase and flavourzyme (C-A+F) exhibited the highest levels of total free AAs (11.1759 g/100 g). C-A+F produced higher total hydrolyzed AAs (32.5292 g/100 g) compared with the other groups. The C-A+F possessed the strongest antioxidant activity. Notably, the antioxidant activities of the hydrolysates and the total hydrolyzed AAs amount were correlated. Taken together, our findings showed that C-A+F was a promising technique for obtaining extracts of T. molitor larvae with antioxidant activity as potential nutritious functional food.
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527
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Comparison of functional properties of edible insects and protein preparations thereof. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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528
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Hall F, Johnson PE, Liceaga A. Effect of enzymatic hydrolysis on bioactive properties and allergenicity of cricket (Gryllodes sigillatus) protein. Food Chem 2018; 262:39-47. [PMID: 29751919 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Food-derived bioactive peptides have gained attention for their role in preventing chronic diseases. Edible insects are viable sources of bioactive peptides owing to their high protein content and sustainable production. In this study, whole crickets (Gryllodes sigillatus) were alcalase-hydrolyzed to a degree of hydrolysis (DH) ranging from 15 to 85%. Antioxidant activity, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV)- inhibition of the cricket protein hydrolysates (CPH) were evaluated before and after simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGD). Antioxidant activity was similar among CPH, whereas ACE and DPP-IV inhibition was greater (p < 0.05) in CPH with 60-85% DH. Bioactivity improved after SGD. CPH allergenicity was evaluated using human shrimp-allergic sera. All sera positively reacted to tropomyosin in the unhydrolyzed cricket and CPH with 15-50% DH, whereas 60-85% DH showed no reactivity. In conclusion, CPH (60-85% DH) had the greatest bioactive potential and lowest reactivity to tropomyosin, compared with other CPH and the unhydrolyzed control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Hall
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
| | - Philip E Johnson
- Department of Food Science and Technology-Food Allergy Research & Resource Program, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1901 N 21 Street, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States.
| | - Andrea Liceaga
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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529
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Grau T, Vilcinskas A, Joop G. Sustainable farming of the mealworm Tenebrio molitor for the production of food and feed. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 72:337-349. [PMID: 28525347 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2017-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The farming of edible insects is an alternative strategy for the production of protein-rich food and feed with a low ecological footprint. The industrial production of insect-derived protein is more cost-effective and energy-efficient than livestock farming or aquaculture. The mealworm Tenebrio molitor is economically among the most important species used for the large-scale conversion of plant biomass into protein. Here, we review the mass rearing of this species and its conversion into food and feed, focusing on challenges such as the contamination of food/feed products with bacteria from the insect gut and the risk of rapidly spreading pathogens and parasites. We propose solutions to prevent the outbreak of infections among farmed insects without reliance on antibiotics. Transgenerational immune priming and probiotic bacteria may provide alternative strategies for sustainable insect farming.
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530
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531
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Kashiri M, Marin C, Garzón R, Rosell CM, Rodrigo D, Martínez A. Use of high hydrostatic pressure to inactivate natural contaminating microorganisms and inoculated E. coli O157:H7 on Hermetia illucens larvae. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194477. [PMID: 29566029 PMCID: PMC5864016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A chemical and microbiological characterization on Hermetia illucens larvae was carried out as well as an inactivation study of natural contaminating microorganisms and inoculated E. coli O157:H7 in black soldier larvae by using High Hydrostatic Pressure (250 to 400 MPa, for 1.5 to 15 min). Hermetia illucens was mainly composed of proteins (46.49%, d.m.) followed by fat (37.88%, d.m.). Larvae had a high contamination load of Total Aerobic Mesophilic bacteria (AMB) (1.58x107 cfu/g) and Enterobacteriaceae (1.15x106cfu/g). The presence of pathogenic microorganism varied: no Listeria spp. were found, but Salmonella (1.15x106 cfu/g) and E. coli (7.08x105 cfu/g) were detected in the larvae extract. High Hydrostatic Pressure (HHP) was effective against natural contaminating yeasts and molds producing more than 5 log cycle reductions at 400 MPa for any of the times considered (2.5 to 7 min), but a low reduction of total microbial load was achieved. The inactivation level of larvae inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 varied. At 400 MPa for 7 min more than 5 log cycle reductions were achieved. Among the three inactivation models studied, the one that best described the inactivation pattern of the cells, according to the Akaike index, was the Biphasic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Kashiri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Cuauhtemoc Marin
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Garzón
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina M. Rosell
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dolores Rodrigo
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Martínez
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Catedrático Agustín Escardino 7, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
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532
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Raheem D, Carrascosa C, Oluwole OB, Nieuwland M, Saraiva A, Millán R, Raposo A. Traditional consumption of and rearing edible insects in Africa, Asia and Europe. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:2169-2188. [PMID: 29446643 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1440191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The traditional consumption of edible insects is common in one third of the world's population, mostly in Latin America, Africa and Asia. There are over one thousand identified species of insects eaten in some stage of their life cycle; and they play important roles in ensuring food security. The most common way to collect insects are from the wild, which is seasonal with limited availability and has an increasing demand resulting in a disruption to the ecosystem. There is a growing interest shown in rearing insects for commercial purposes, and an industrial scale production will be required to ensure steady supplies. Industrial production will need to take into account the living environment of insects, the nutritional composition of their feed and the overall efficiency of the production system. We provide a short overview on the consumption of and rearing insects in Africa, Asia and Europe. For Africa, a snapshot is given for Nigeria, Ghana, Central African Republic, Kenya and Uganda, while the following countries are reported for Asia: China, Japan, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Thailand and Vietnam. In addition, a list of insect species with the highest potential for food and feed in the European Union is provided with some reference to The Netherlands and Finland. The review concludes that there is need to better understand the rearing and farming procedures that will yield high quality edible insects in Africa, Asia and Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dele Raheem
- a Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University , Ho Chi Minh City , Vietnam.,b Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University , Ho Chi Minh City , Vietnam
| | - Conrado Carrascosa
- c Department of Animal Pathology and Production, Bromatology and Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Trasmontaña s/n , Arucas , Spain
| | | | | | - Ariana Saraiva
- f Pharmacy Faculty, University of Coimbra , Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Coimbra , Portugal
| | - Rafael Millán
- c Department of Animal Pathology and Production, Bromatology and Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , Trasmontaña s/n , Arucas , Spain
| | - António Raposo
- g CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias , Campo Grande 376, Lisboa , Portugal
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533
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Osimani A, Milanović V, Cardinali F, Garofalo C, Clementi F, Pasquini M, Riolo P, Ruschioni S, Isidoro N, Loreto N, Franciosi E, Tuohy K, Petruzzelli A, Foglini M, Gabucci C, Tonucci F, Aquilanti L. The bacterial biota of laboratory-reared edible mealworms (Tenebrio molitor L.): From feed to frass. Int J Food Microbiol 2018. [PMID: 29525619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tenebrio molitor represents one of the most popular species used for the large-scale conversion of plant biomass into protein and is characterized by high nutritional value. In the present laboratory study, the bacterial biota characterizing a pilot production chain of fresh T. molitor larvae was investigated. To this end, different batches of fresh mealworm larvae, their feeding substrate (wheatmeal) and frass were analyzed by viable microbial counts, PCR-DGGE and Illumina sequencing. Moreover, the occurrence of Coxiella burnetii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) was assessed through qualitative real-time PCR assays. Microbial viable counts highlighted low microbial contamination of the wheatmeal, whereas larvae and frass were characterized by high loads of Enterobacteriaceae, lactic acid bacteria, and several species of mesophilic aerobes. Spore-forming bacteria were detected to a lesser extent in all the samples. The combined molecular approach used to profile the microbiota confirmed the low microbial contamination of wheatmeal and allowed the detection of Enterobacter spp., Erwinia spp., Enterococcus spp. and Lactococcus spp. as dominant genera in both larvae and frass. Moreover, Klebsiella spp., Pantoea spp., and Xenorhabdus spp. were found to be in the minority. Entomoplasmatales (including Spiroplasma spp.) constituted a major fraction of the microbiota of one batch of larvae. From the real-time PCR assays, no sample was positive for either C. burnetii or STEC, whereas P. aeruginosa was detected in one sample of frass. Based on the overall results, two sources of microbial contamination were hypothesized, namely feeding with wheatmeal and vertical transmission of microorganisms from mother to offspring. Since mealworms are expected to be eaten as a whole, the overall outcomes collected in this laboratory study discourage the consumption of fresh mealworm larvae. Moreover, microbial loads and the absence of potential pathogens known to be associated with this insect species should be carefully assessed in order to reduce the minimum risk for consumers, by identifying the most opportune processing methods (e.g., boiling, frying, drying, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Osimani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Vesna Milanović
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Cardinali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristiana Garofalo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Clementi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Marina Pasquini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Paola Riolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Sara Ruschioni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Nunzio Isidoro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Nino Loreto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Elena Franciosi
- Food Quality and Nutrition Department (DQAN), Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Kieran Tuohy
- Food Quality and Nutrition Department (DQAN), Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Annalisa Petruzzelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Centro di Riferimento Regionale Autocontrollo, via Canonici 140, 61100, Villa Fastiggi, Pesaro, Italy
| | - Martina Foglini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Centro di Riferimento Regionale Autocontrollo, via Canonici 140, 61100, Villa Fastiggi, Pesaro, Italy
| | - Claudia Gabucci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Centro di Riferimento Regionale Autocontrollo, via Canonici 140, 61100, Villa Fastiggi, Pesaro, Italy
| | - Franco Tonucci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Centro di Riferimento Regionale Autocontrollo, via Canonici 140, 61100, Villa Fastiggi, Pesaro, Italy
| | - Lucia Aquilanti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
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534
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Purschke B, Mendez Sanchez YD, Jäger H. Centrifugal fractionation of mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor, L.) for protein recovery and concentration. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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535
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Wang Q, Wu X, Long X, Zhu W, Ma T, Cheng Y. Nutritional quality of different grades of adult male chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018; 55:944-955. [PMID: 29487436 PMCID: PMC5821650 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-3002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This study mainly investigated the composition of adult male Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) from four grades/sizes (Grade I: 200-249 g; Grade II: 175-199 g; Grade III: 150-174 g; Grade IV: ≤ 150 g). The results showed that the grade III crabs had the largest gonadsomatic index (GSI), which was significantly higher than the grade I and grade II crabs, no significant difference was found with the grade IV crab. Significant differences in moisture and total lipid contents were observed among various edible parts from different grades of male Eriocheir sinensis. In particular, grade II crabs had the highest total lipid and dry matter content for hepatopancreas. A balanced amino acids composition and a high essential amino acids score (EAAS) were found in the muscle and gonads of grade III crabs. The levels of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-3 PUFA, n-6 PUFA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the hepatopancreas, as well as the contents of PUFA, highly-unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), n-3 PUFA, arachidonic acid (ARA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the gonads were significantly increased in the grade II crabs. Taken together, it can generally be concluded that adult male Eriocheir sinensis of 150-200 g (Grade II-III) weight have the highest nutritional quality even though they are not the largest crabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 China
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Aquatic Animal Breeding Certificated by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 China
| | - Xugan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Aquatic Animal Breeding Certificated by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 China
| | - Xiaowen Long
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Aquatic Animal Breeding Certificated by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 China
| | - Wangling Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Aquatic Animal Breeding Certificated by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 China
| | - Tianli Ma
- Shanghai Bright Special Aquaculture Limited Company, Shanghai, 202178 China
| | - Yongxu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Aquatic Animal Breeding Certificated by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306 China
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536
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537
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Clarkson C, Mirosa M, Birch J. Potential of Extracted Locusta Migratoria Protein Fractions as Value-Added Ingredients. INSECTS 2018; 9:insects9010020. [PMID: 29425143 PMCID: PMC5872285 DOI: 10.3390/insects9010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Although locusts can be sustainably produced and are nutrient rich, the thought of eating them can be hard to swallow for many consumers. This paper aims to investigate the nutritional composition of Locusta migratoria, including the properties of extracted locust protein, contributing to limited literature and product development opportunities for industry. Locusts sourced from Dunedin, New Zealand, contained a high amount of protein (50.79% dry weight) and fat (34.93%), which contained high amounts of omega-3 (15.64%), creating a desirably low omega-3/omega-6 ratio of 0.57. Three protein fractions including; insoluble locust fraction, soluble locust fraction, and a supernatant fraction were recovered following alkali isoelectric precipitation methodology. Initially, proteins were solubilised at pH 10 then precipitated out at the isoelectric point (pH 4). All fractions had significantly higher protein contents compared with the whole locust. The insoluble protein fraction represented 37.76% of the dry weight of protein recovered and was much lighter in colour and greener compared to other fractions. It also had the highest water and oil holding capacity of 5.17 mL/g and 7.31 mL/g, possibly due to larger particle size. The high supernatant yield (56.60%) and low soluble protein yield (9.83%) was unexpected and could be a result of experimental pH conditions chosen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Clarkson
- Food Science Department, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Miranda Mirosa
- Food Science Department, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - John Birch
- Food Science Department, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
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538
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Pleissner D, Rumpold BA. Utilization of organic residues using heterotrophic microalgae and insects. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 72:227-239. [PMID: 29150257 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Various organic residues occur globally in the form of straw, wood, green biomass, food waste, feces, manure etc. Other utilization strategies apart from anaerobic digestion, composting and incineration are needed to make use of the whole potential of organic residues as sources of various value added compounds. This review compares the cultivation of heterotrophic microalgae and insects using organic residues as nutrient sources and illuminates their potential with regard to biomass production, productivity and yield, and utilization strategies of produced biomasses. Furthermore, cultivation processes as well as advantages and disadvantages of utilization processes are identified and discussed. It was shown that both heterotrophic algae and insects are able to reduce a sufficient amount of organic residues by converting it into biomass. The biomass composition of both organisms is similar which allows similar utilization strategies in food and feed, chemicals and materials productions. Even though insect is the more complex organism, biomass production can be carried out using simple equipment without sterilization and hydrolysis of organic residues. Contrarily, heterotrophic microalgae require a pretreatment of organic residues in form of sterilization and in most cases hydrolysis. Interestingly, the volumetric productivity of insect biomass exceeds the productivity of algal biomass. Despite legal restrictions, it is expected that microalgae and insects will find application as alternative food and feed sources in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pleissner
- Sustainable Chemistry (Resource Efficiency), Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, C13, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany.
| | - Birgit A Rumpold
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Research Program Quality and Safety of Food and Feed, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Vocational Education and Work Studies, Department of Education of Sustainable Nutrition and Food Science, Marchstr. 23, 10587 Berlin, Germany
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539
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Beef or grasshopper hamburgers: The ecological implications of choosing one over the other. Basic Appl Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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540
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Knorr D, Khoo CSH, Augustin MA. Food for an Urban Planet: Challenges and Research Opportunities. Front Nutr 2018; 4:73. [PMID: 29404333 PMCID: PMC5780399 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2017.00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chor San Heng Khoo
- North American Branch of the International Life Sciences Institute, Washington, DC, United States
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541
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Flachowsky G, Meyer U, Südekum KH. Invited review: Resource inputs and land, water and carbon footprints from the production of edible protein of animal origin. Arch Anim Breed 2018. [DOI: 10.5194/aab-61-17-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. The objective of this review is to analyze crucial factors in the output from
the production of proteins in food of animal origin, such as milk, meat and
eggs. We then consider inputs such as land, water, fuel, minerals and feed,
as well as characterize emissions. Finally, we estimate footprints for
land (land footprint, LF), water (water footprint, WF) and greenhouse gas
emissions (i.e., carbon footprint, CF) during the production process. The
wide range of different land and water inputs per unit feed between various
studies largely influences the results. Further influencing factors are species and categories of animals that produce
edible protein, their yields and the
feeding of animals. Coproducts with no or low humanly edible fractions and
grassland as feed contribute to a lower need for arable land and lower LF, WF
and CF. The most efficient land use or the lowest LF per kilogram of edible
protein was estimated for higher milk and egg yields; the highest LF values
were calculated for beef, followed by pork. The lowest WF and CF were
calculated for edible protein of chicken meat and eggs. Edible protein from
ruminants is mostly characterized by a higher CF because of the high greenhouse
gas potential of methane produced in the rumen. A key prerequisite for
further progress in this field is the harmonization of data
collection and calculation methods. Alternatives to partial or complete replacement
of protein of terrestrial animals, such as marine animals, insects, cell
cultures, single-cell proteins or “simulated animal products” from plants,
as well as changing eating patterns and reducing food losses are
mentioned as further potential ways for more efficient feed production. For
all those dealing with plant or animal breeding and cultivation and all those
who are working along the whole food production chain, it is a major challenge to enhance
the production of more food for more people with, at the same time, less,
limited resources and lower emissions.
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542
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Kamau E, Mutungi C, Kinyuru J, Imathiu S, Tanga C, Affognon H, Ekesi S, Nakimbugwe D, Fiaboe KKM. Moisture adsorption properties and shelf-life estimation of dried and pulverised edible house cricket Acheta domesticus (L.) and black soldier fly larvae Hermetia illucens (L.). Food Res Int 2018; 106:420-427. [PMID: 29579943 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Edible insects are part of the diets of a significant proportion of rural populations in the tropics especially Africa and Asia, and their use as source of key nutrients for better nutrition is re-emerging. Indigenously, elemental methods are used to process the insects before they are consumed or sold in retail outlets. In recent years, better knowledge of processing, packaging and storage has become necessary because of commercialisation needs. A common processing approach involves drying after a brief heat-treatment step, and then milling into a powdered product which is sold to manufacturers or consumers as ingredient for processing final products. The hydration properties of dried powders of edible house cricket and black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) were studied with the aim of predicting shelf-life stability under typical packaging and storage temperatures experienced in the tropics. Moisture adsorption isotherms were determined gravimetrically at 25, 30 and 35 °C, over 0.11-0.97 water activity (aW) range, and the data fitted to various models. Sorption isotherms were of type II according to Brunauer classification indicating monolayer-multilayer sorption behaviour. Cricket powder exhibited higher hydration capacity, and aW of this product was less sensitive to temperature variation as compared to BSFL powder. In the two products, water exhibited transitions from bound- to free- state at ~5 g/100 g moisture content. Based on Heiss-Eichner model, a shelf-life of 7 months at 25 °C can be achieved if the cricket and BSFL powders are dried to ca. 5 g/100 g moisture content and packaged in 80 μm thick polyethylene films. At 35 °C the shelf-life of the cricket product is shortened three- to four-fold whereas the BSFL powder is unable to store.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kamau
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - C Mutungi
- Department of Dairy, Food Science and Technology, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536-20115, Egerton, Kenya; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Plot No. 25, Mikocheni Light Industrial Area, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
| | - J Kinyuru
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - S Imathiu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - C Tanga
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - H Affognon
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, BP 320 Bamako, Mali
| | - S Ekesi
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - D Nakimbugwe
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Technology, Nutrition and Bio-Engineering, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - K K M Fiaboe
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
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543
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Mattiello S, Caroprese M, Crovetto GM, Fortina R, Martini A, Martini M, Parisi G, Russo C, Severini C, Zecchini M. Typical edible non-dairy animal products in Africa from local animal resources. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2017.1348915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Mattiello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria–Laboratorio di Benessere animale, Etologia applicata e Produzioni sostenibili, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Mariangela Caroprese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Fortina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari and CISAO–Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca e Cooperazione Tecnico-Scientifica con l’Africa, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Martini
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Mina Martini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuliana Parisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Agroalimentari e dell'Ambiente, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudia Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carla Severini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimo Zecchini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria–Laboratorio di Benessere animale, Etologia applicata e Produzioni sostenibili, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
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544
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Sun M, Xu X, Zhang Q, Rui X, Wu J, Dong M. Ultrasonic-assisted Aqueous Extraction and Physicochemical Characterization of Oil from Clanis bilineata. J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:151-165. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess17108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mingmei Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Xiao Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Qiuqin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Xin Rui
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Junjun Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Mingsheng Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University
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545
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Purschke B, Tanzmeister H, Meinlschmidt P, Baumgartner S, Lauter K, Jäger H. Recovery of soluble proteins from migratory locust (Locusta migratoria) and characterisation of their compositional and techno-functional properties. Food Res Int 2017; 106:271-279. [PMID: 29579927 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Edible insects emerged as an alternative source of high-quality proteins. Therefore, the effect of an extraction procedure for the recovery of migratory locust (Locusta migratoria) protein concentrate (MLPC) on the compositional characteristics and techno-functional properties was studied. The influence of pH value (2-10) and salt concentration (0, 1 and 3% w/v) on techno-functional properties was evaluated. Proteins were identified and characterized by RP-HPLC, SDS-PAGE and LC-MS/MS. The initial crude protein content of the whole locusts (65.9% on dry base) could be enhanced to 82.3% (MLPC). Solubility profiles of MLPC showed maximum solubility at pH9 (100%). Promising functionality comparable to egg white protein in terms of emulsifying activity at pH5, foamability at pH3 and 3% NaCl, and foam stability at pH9 were found. Consequently, MLPC offers a nutritious protein source with good functional properties at certain conditions, which could be used as food ingredient in a variety of food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Purschke
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Technology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Helene Tanzmeister
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Technology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Pia Meinlschmidt
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Technology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Baumgartner
- Center of Analytical Chemistry, Department IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Kathrin Lauter
- Center of Analytical Chemistry, Department IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Henry Jäger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Technology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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546
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Jucker C, Erba D, Leonardi MG, Lupi D, Savoldelli S. Assessment of Vegetable and Fruit Substrates as Potential Rearing Media for Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 46:1415-1423. [PMID: 29040452 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvx154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) is able to consume a wide range of organic matter and is of particular interest for waste management. The nutritional value of preimaginal stages, in particular the protein content, makes this species a valid candidate for use as feed for other organisms. Vegetables and fruits are promising rearing substrates for insects produced for this purpose according to the EU regulation. In order to examine the effects of diets on insect performance and chemical composition, larvae were reared on the following substrates: 1) fruit (apple, pear, and orange); 2) vegetable (lettuce, green beans, and cabbage); and 3) mixed fruits and vegetables. High percentages of survival were observed on all diets, but there were differences among weights of larvae, pupae, and adults, with weights of larvae reared on mixed fruits and vegetables lower than on other diets. Pupae reared on the mixed diet were heaviest, and also morphometric measurements of adults were highest. Larvae reared on fruit diets had the highest fat content, comprising mostly saturated fatty acids; the highest content of essential n-3 fatty acids was found in vegetable reared larvae and that of n-6 in mixed reared larvae. Larvae reared on the mixed diet had the highest protein content. Calcium contents were high and moderate amounts of iron and zinc were found. H. illucens showed the capability to develop on vegetable and fruits diets displaying different nutrient profiles and biological performances. The best-performing rearing strategy should vary in relation to the final use of H. illucens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Jucker
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Science (DeFENS), University of Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Erba
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Science (DeFENS), University of Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Leonardi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Science (DeFENS), University of Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Lupi
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Science (DeFENS), University of Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Savoldelli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Science (DeFENS), University of Milan, Italy
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547
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Improvement of techno-functional properties of edible insect protein from migratory locust by enzymatic hydrolysis. Eur Food Res Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-017-3017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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548
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Dobermann D, Swift JA, Field LM. Opportunities and hurdles of edible insects for food and feed. NUTR BULL 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Dobermann
- Rothamsted Research Harpenden UK
- University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
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549
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Churchward-Venne TA, Pinckaers PJM, van Loon JJA, van Loon LJC. Consideration of insects as a source of dietary protein for human consumption. Nutr Rev 2017; 75:1035-1045. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nux057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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550
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Yu X, Shen Y, Cui Q, Chen Y, Sun W, Huang X, Zhu Y. Silkworm
(Bombyx mori
) has the Capability to Accumulate C
20
and C
22
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201700268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin‐Bo Yu
- School of BiotechnologySouthwest UniversityChongqingP.R. China
| | - Yi‐Yong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome BiologySouthwest UniversityChongqingP.R. China
| | - Qing‐Mei Cui
- School of BiotechnologySouthwest UniversityChongqingP.R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome BiologySouthwest UniversityChongqingP.R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Functional GenomicsSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingP.R. China
| | - Xian‐Zhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome BiologySouthwest UniversityChongqingP.R. China
| | - Yong Zhu
- School of BiotechnologySouthwest UniversityChongqingP.R. China
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