501
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Neupane S, Aryal YP, Kim TY, Yeon CY, An CH, Kim JY, Yamamoto H, Lee Y, Sohn WJ, Kim JY. Signaling Modulations of miR-206-3p in Tooth Morphogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5251. [PMID: 32722078 PMCID: PMC7432545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of naturally occurring small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression in organisms. Most mammalian miRNAs influence biological processes, including developmental changes, tissue morphogenesis and the maintenance of tissue identity, cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolism. The miR-206-3p has been correlated with cancer; however, developmental roles of this miRNA are unclear. In this study, we examined the expression pattern and evaluated the developmental regulation of miR-206-3p during tooth morphogenesis using ex-vivo culture method. The expression pattern of miR-206-3p was examined in the epithelium and mesenchyme of developing tooth germ with stage-specific manners. Perturbation of the expression of miR-206-3p clearly altered expression patterns of dental-development-related signaling molecules, including Axin2, Bmp2, Fgf4, Lef1 and Shh. The gene expression complemented with change in cellular events including, apoptosis and proliferation which caused altered crown and pulp morphogenesis in renal-capsule-calcified teeth. Especially, mislocalization of β-Catenin and SMAD1/5/8 were observed alongside dramatic alterations in the expression patterns of Fgf4 and Shh. Overall, our data suggest that the miR-206-3p regulate the cellular physiology during tooth morphogenesis through modulation of the Wnt, Bmp, Fgf, and Shh signaling pathways to form proper tooth pulp and crown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiv Neupane
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea; (Y.P.A.); (T.-Y.K.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215, USA
| | - Yam Prasad Aryal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea; (Y.P.A.); (T.-Y.K.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea; (Y.P.A.); (T.-Y.K.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chang-Yeol Yeon
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea; (Y.P.A.); (T.-Y.K.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chang-Hyeon An
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea;
| | - Ji-Youn Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea;
| | - Hitoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan;
| | - Youngkyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea; (Y.P.A.); (T.-Y.K.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wern-Joo Sohn
- Pre-Major of Cosmetics and Pharmaceutics, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea;
| | - Jae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Korea; (Y.P.A.); (T.-Y.K.); (C.-Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
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502
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EGF-mediated reduced miR-92a-1-5p controls HTR-8/SVneo cell invasion through activation of MAPK8 and FAS which in turn increase MMP-2/-9 expression. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12274. [PMID: 32703964 PMCID: PMC7378053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68966-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The members of human miR-17-92 cluster are implicated in several cancers and are known to increase cancer cells invasiveness. The present study reports reduced expression of miR-92a-1-5p in EGF treated HTR-8/SVneo trophoblastic cells by NGS and qRT-PCR. Overexpression of miR-92a-1-5p led to significantly reduced EGF-mediated HTR-8/SVneo cells invasion. MAPK8 and FAS were predicted to be miR-92a-1-5p targets, and confirmed to be reduced by qRT-PCR and Western blotting in trophoblast cells overexpressing miR-92a-1-5p. The binding of miR-92a-1-5p to MAPK8 and FAS 3'-UTR was confirmed by Luciferase reporter assay and Rescue assay. EGF increases MMP-2 & MMP-9 expression and reduces TIMP1 expression in HTR-8/SVneo cells. Inhibition of MAPK8 (by SP600125) reduced EGF-mediated MMP-9/TIMP1 ratio and invasion. Similarly, silencing of FAS by siRNA reduced EGF-mediated MMP-2/TIMP1 ratio and invasion. Treatment of HTR-8/SVneo cells with STAT1/3 inhibitors or siRNAs led to loss of EGF-mediated reduction in miR-92a-1-5p levels. Inserting the predicted binding sites of STAT3 present in promoter region of miR-92a-1-5p upstream of Luciferase promoter reduced its expression in presence of STAT3 expression vector. Thus, EGF leads to reduced miR-92a-1-5p expression which may be regulated by STAT1/STAT3 and controls HTR-8/SVneo cells invasion by targeting MAPK8 and FAS, which in turn increases MMP-2/MMP-9 expression.
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503
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Mujica ML, Gallay PA, Perrachione F, Montemerlo AE, Tamborelli LA, Vaschetti VM, Reartes DF, Bollo S, Rodríguez MC, Dalmasso PR, Rubianes MD, Rivas GA. New trends in the development of electrochemical biosensors for the quantification of microRNAs. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 189:113478. [PMID: 32768875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding regulatory RNAs that play an important role in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional gene expression regulation. Since their dysregulation has been associated with Alzheimer disease, cardiovascular diseases and different types of cancer, among others, miRNAs can be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of these diseases. The methods commonly used to quantify miRNAs are, in general, complex, costly, with limited application for point-of-care devices or resource-limited facilities. Electrochemical biosensors, mainly those based on nanomaterials, have emerged as a promising alternative to the conventional miRNA detection methods and have paved the way to the development of sensitive, fast, and low-cost detection systems. This review is focused on the most relevant contributions performed in the field of electrochemical miRNAs biosensors between 2017 and the beginning of 2020. The main contribution of this article is the critical discussion of the different amplification strategies and the comparative analysis between amplified and non-amplified miRNA electrochemical biosensing and between the different amplification schemes. Particular emphasis was given to the importance of the nanostructures, enzymes, labelling molecules, and special sequences of nucleic acids or analogues on the organization of the different bioanalytical platforms, the transduction of the hybridization event and the generation the analytical signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael López Mujica
- INFIQC (CONICET), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Pablo A Gallay
- INFIQC (CONICET), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Fabrizio Perrachione
- INFIQC (CONICET), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Antonella E Montemerlo
- INFIQC (CONICET), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Luis A Tamborelli
- INFIQC (CONICET), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; CIQA-CONICET, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad Regional Córdoba, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Maestro López esq, Cruz Roja Argentina, 5016, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Virginia M Vaschetti
- INFIQC (CONICET), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; CIQA-CONICET, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad Regional Córdoba, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Maestro López esq, Cruz Roja Argentina, 5016, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Daiana F Reartes
- INFIQC (CONICET), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Soledad Bollo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela C Rodríguez
- INFIQC (CONICET), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Pablo R Dalmasso
- CIQA-CONICET, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad Regional Córdoba, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Maestro López esq, Cruz Roja Argentina, 5016, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María D Rubianes
- INFIQC (CONICET), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gustavo A Rivas
- INFIQC (CONICET), Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
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504
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Nazarizadeh A, Mohammadi F, Alian F, Faraji P, Nourbakhsh M, Alizadeh-Fanalou S. MicroRNA-154: A Novel Candidate for Diagnosis and Therapy of Human Cancers. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:6603-6615. [PMID: 32753896 PMCID: PMC7354082 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s249268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded, tiny RNAs with 21–23 nucleotides that regulate several biological functions through binding to target mRNAs and modulating gene expression at post-transcriptional levels. Recent studies have described crucial roles for miRNAs in pathophysiology of numerous human cancers. They can act as an oncogene and promote cancer or as a tumor suppressor and alleviate the disease. Recently discovered microRNA-154 (miR-154) has been proposed to be involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes including cancer. With this aspect, aberrant expression of miR-154 has been demonstrated in variety of human malignancies, suggesting an important role for miR-154 in tumorigenesis. To be specific, it is considered as a tumor suppressor miRNA and exerts its beneficial effects by targeting several genes. This review systematically summarizes the recent advances done on the role of miR-154 in different cancers and discusses its potential prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nazarizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forogh Mohammadi
- Department of Veterinary, Agriculture Faculty, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Alian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Faraji
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Nourbakhsh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Alizadeh-Fanalou
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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505
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Chitnis NS, Shieh M, Monos D. Regulatory noncoding RNAs and the major histocompatibility complex. Hum Immunol 2020; 82:532-540. [PMID: 32636038 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is a 4 Mbp genomic region located on the short arm of chromosome 6. The MHC region contains many key immune-related genes such as Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLAs). There has been a growing realization that, apart from MHC encoded proteins, RNAs derived from noncoding regions of the MHC-specifically microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs)-play a significant role in cellular regulation. Furthermore, regulatory noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) derived from other parts of the genome fine-tune the expression of many immune-related MHC proteins. Although the field of ncRNAs of the MHC is a research area that is still in its infancy, ncRNA regulation of MHC genes has already been shown to be vital for immune function, healthy pregnancy and cellular homeostasis. Dysregulation of this intricate network of ncRNAs can lead to serious perturbations in homeostasis and subsequent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Sunil Chitnis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mengkai Shieh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dimitri Monos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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506
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Paço A, de Bessa Garcia SA, Freitas R. Methylation in HOX Clusters and Its Applications in Cancer Therapy. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071613. [PMID: 32635388 PMCID: PMC7408435 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
HOX genes are commonly known for their role in embryonic development, defining the positional identity of most structures along the anterior–posterior axis. In postembryonic life, HOX gene aberrant expression can affect several processes involved in tumorigenesis such as proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. Epigenetic modifications are implicated in gene expression deregulation, and it is accepted that methylation events affecting HOX gene expression play crucial roles in tumorigenesis. In fact, specific methylation profiles in the HOX gene sequence or in HOX-associated histones are recognized as potential biomarkers in several cancers, helping in the prediction of disease outcomes and adding information for decisions regarding the patient’s treatment. The methylation of some HOX genes can be associated with chemotherapy resistance, and its identification may suggest the use of other treatment options. The use of epigenetic drugs affecting generalized or specific DNA methylation profiles, an approach that now deserves much attention, seems likely to be a promising weapon in cancer therapy in the near future. In this review, we summarize these topics, focusing particularly on how the regulation of epigenetic processes may be used in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paço
- Centre Bio: Bioindustries, Biorefineries and Bioproducts, BLC3 Association—Technology and Innovation Campus, 3405-169 Oliveira do Hospital, Portugal;
| | | | - Renata Freitas
- I3S—Institute for Innovation & Health Research, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- ICBAS—Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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507
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Smith HJ, Sharma A, Mair WB. Metabolic Communication and Healthy Aging: Where Should We Focus Our Energy? Dev Cell 2020; 54:196-211. [PMID: 32619405 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with a loss of metabolic homeostasis and plasticity, which is causally linked to multiple age-onset pathologies. The majority of the interventions-genetic, dietary, and pharmacological-that have been found to slow aging and protect against age-related disease in various organisms do so by targeting central metabolic pathways. However, targeting metabolic pathways chronically and ubiquitously makes it difficult to define the downstream effects responsible for lifespan extension and often results in negative effects on growth and health, limiting therapeutic potential. Insight into how metabolic signals are relayed between tissues, cells, and organelles opens up new avenues to target metabolic regulators locally rather than globally for healthy aging. In this review, we discuss the pro-longevity effects of targeting metabolic pathways in specific tissues and how these interventions communicate with distal cells to modulate aging. These studies may be crucial in designing interventions that promote longevity without negative health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J Smith
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arpit Sharma
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William B Mair
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Boston, MA, USA.
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508
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Abdeltawab A, Zaki ME, Abdeldayem Y, Mohamed AA, Zaied SM. Circulating micro RNA-223 and angiopoietin-like protein 8 as biomarkers of gestational diabetes mellitus. Br J Biomed Sci 2020; 78:12-17. [PMID: 32421465 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1764211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious health problem associated with both foetal and maternal complications. New biomarkers that can predict or help in the early diagnosis of GDM are needed to minimize the hazards of hyperglycaemia in pregnant women and their offspring. We hypothesised a link between levels of microRNA-223 (miRNA-223) and Angiopoietin-Like Protein 8 (ANGPTL8) and GDM. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 109 patients with confirmed early diagnosed GDM and 103 healthy control pregnant women in their second or third trimester. miRNA-223 and ANGPTL8 blood levels were assessed by real-time RT-PCR and sandwich ELISA, respectively, laboratory markers by standard methods. RESULTS There was a significant increase in mean [SD] miRNA-223 and ANGPTL8 in GDM (0.31 [0.06] relative units) and (692 [199] pg/ml), respectively, in the GDM women compared to healthy pregnant women (0.17[0.05] relative units) and (261 [127] pg/ml), respectively, P < 0.001. miRNA-223 and ANGPTL8 correlated significantly with each other (r = 0.38, P < 0.001) and with fasting, 1-h and 2-h postprandial blood glucose levels (all P ≤ 0.002) HbA1 c (P < 0.025), total cholesterol (P < 0.01), LDL-C and triglycerides (both P ≤ 0.005). The ROC area under curve (AUC) (95%CI) was 0.94 (0.91-0.97) for ANGPTL8, 0.92 (0.88-0.96) for miRNA-223 and 0.97 (0.95 - 0.99) for their combination. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the hypothesis of involvement of both miRNA-223 and ANGPTL8 in the pathogenesis of GDM. The difference between levels in GDM patients and in control pregnant women indicates potential use for early diagnosis or prediction of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abdeltawab
- Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Jouf University , Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.,Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - M E Zaki
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University , Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Y Abdeldayem
- Obstetric and Gynecology Department, Mansoura University , Mansoura, Egypt
| | - A A Mohamed
- Medical Biochemistry Division, Pathology Department, Jouf University , Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.,Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - S M Zaied
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef, Egypt
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509
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He S, Wang G, Pei Y, Zhu H. miR
‐34b‐3p protects against acute kidney injury in sepsis mice via targeting ubiquitin‐like protein 4A. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 36:817-824. [PMID: 32609950 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shu‐Yin He
- Department of Intensive Care Unit Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing City Jiangsu Province China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Nephrology Nanjing Boda Hospital of Nephrology Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing City Jiangsu Province China
| | - Ying‐Hao Pei
- Department of Intensive Care Unit Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing City Jiangsu Province China
| | - Hai‐Ping Zhu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou City Zhejiang Province China
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510
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Luther DC, Huang R, Jeon T, Zhang X, Lee YW, Nagaraj H, Rotello VM. Delivery of drugs, proteins, and nucleic acids using inorganic nanoparticles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 156:188-213. [PMID: 32610061 PMCID: PMC8559718 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic nanoparticles provide multipurpose platforms for a broad range of delivery applications. Intrinsic nanoscopic properties provide access to unique magnetic and optical properties. Equally importantly, the structural and functional diversity of gold, silica, iron oxide, and lanthanide-based nanocarriers provide unrivalled control of nanostructural properties for effective transport of therapeutic cargos, overcoming biobarriers on the cellular and organismal level. Taken together, inorganic nanoparticles provide a key addition to the arsenal of delivery vectors for fighting disease and improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Luther
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Taewon Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yi-Wei Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Harini Nagaraj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 N. Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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511
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Verma HK, Ratre YK, Mazzone P, Laurino S, Bhaskar LVKS. Micro RNA facilitated chemoresistance in gastric cancer: a novel biomarkers and potential therapeutics. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2020.1779992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Henu Kumar Verma
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology CNR, Naples, Italy
- Section of Stem Cell and Development, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “Gaetano Salvatore” Biogem, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | | | - Pellegrino Mazzone
- Section of Stem Cell and Development, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “Gaetano Salvatore” Biogem, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Simona Laurino
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
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512
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Ala U. Competing Endogenous RNAs, Non-Coding RNAs and Diseases: An Intertwined Story. Cells 2020; 9:E1574. [PMID: 32605220 PMCID: PMC7407898 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNA molecules, are responsible for RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. They can mediate a fine-tuned crosstalk among coding and non-coding RNA molecules sharing miRNA response elements (MREs). In a suitable environment, both coding and non-coding RNA molecules can be targeted by the same miRNAs and can indirectly regulate each other by competing for them. These RNAs, otherwise known as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), lead to an additional post-transcriptional regulatory layer, where non-coding RNAs can find new significance. The miRNA-mediated interplay among different types of RNA molecules has been observed in many different contexts. The analyses of ceRNA networks in cancer and other pathologies, as well as in other physiological conditions, provide new opportunities for interpreting omics data for the field of personalized medicine. The development of novel computational tools, providing putative predictions of ceRNA interactions, is a rapidly growing field of interest. In this review, I discuss and present the current knowledge of the ceRNA mechanism and its implications in a broad spectrum of different pathologies, such as cardiovascular or autoimmune diseases, cancers and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Ala
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
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513
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Dhuri K, Bechtold C, Quijano E, Pham H, Gupta A, Vikram A, Bahal R. Antisense Oligonucleotides: An Emerging Area in Drug Discovery and Development. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9062004. [PMID: 32604776 PMCID: PMC7355792 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9062004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) bind sequence specifically to the target RNA and modulate protein expression through several different mechanisms. The ASO field is an emerging area of drug development that targets the disease source at the RNA level and offers a promising alternative to therapies targeting downstream processes. To translate ASO-based therapies into a clinical success, it is crucial to overcome the challenges associated with off-target side effects and insufficient biological activity. In this regard, several chemical modifications and diverse delivery strategies have been explored. In this review, we systematically discuss the chemical modifications, mechanism of action, and optimized delivery strategies of several different classes of ASOs. Further, we highlight the recent advances made in development of ASO-based drugs with a focus on drugs that are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for clinical applications. We also discuss various promising ASO-based drug candidates in the clinical trials, and the outstanding opportunity of emerging microRNA as a viable therapeutic target for future ASO-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karishma Dhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (K.D.); (C.B.)
| | - Clara Bechtold
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (K.D.); (C.B.)
| | - Elias Quijano
- Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
| | - Ha Pham
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-5671, USA;
| | - Anisha Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA;
| | - Ajit Vikram
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Raman Bahal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; (K.D.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence:
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514
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Kennedy RB, Ovsyannikova IG, Palese P, Poland GA. Current Challenges in Vaccinology. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1181. [PMID: 32670279 PMCID: PMC7329983 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of vaccines, which prime the immune system to respond to future infections, has led to global declines in morbidity and mortality from dreadful infectious communicable diseases. However, many pathogens of public health importance are highly complex and/or rapidly evolving, posing unique challenges to vaccine development. Several of these challenges include an incomplete understanding of how immunity develops, host and pathogen genetic variability, and an increased societal skepticism regarding vaccine safety. In particular, new high-dimensional omics technologies, aided by bioinformatics, are driving new vaccine development (vaccinomics). Informed by recent insights into pathogen biology, host genetic diversity, and immunology, the increasing use of genomic approaches is leading to new models and understanding of host immune system responses that may provide solutions in the rapid development of novel vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Kennedy
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Inna G Ovsyannikova
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Peter Palese
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gregory A Poland
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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515
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Role of Lipid-Based and Polymer-Based Non-Viral Vectors in Nucleic Acid Delivery for Next-Generation Gene Therapy. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122866. [PMID: 32580326 PMCID: PMC7356024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of gene therapy has experienced an insurgence of attention for its widespread ability to regulate gene expression by targeting genomic DNA, messenger RNA, microRNA, and short-interfering RNA for treating malignant and non-malignant disorders. Numerous nucleic acid analogs have been developed to target coding or non-coding sequences of the human genome for gene regulation. However, broader clinical applications of nucleic acid analogs have been limited due to their poor cell or organ-specific delivery. To resolve these issues, non-viral vectors based on nanoparticles, liposomes, and polyplexes have been developed to date. This review is centered on non-viral vectors mainly comprising of cationic lipids and polymers for nucleic acid-based delivery for numerous gene therapy-based applications.
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516
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Chung MY, Nath UK, Vrebalov J, Gapper N, Lee JM, Lee DJ, Kim CK, Giovannoni J. Ectopic expression of miRNA172 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) reveals novel function in fruit development through regulation of an AP2 transcription factor. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:283. [PMID: 32560687 PMCID: PMC7304166 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02489-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that can influence gene expression via diverse mechanisms. Tomato is a fruit widely consumed for its flavor, culinary attributes, and high nutritional quality. Tomato fruit are climacteric and fleshy, and their ripening is regulated by endogenous and exogenous signals operating through a coordinated genetic network. Much research has been conducted on mechanisms of tomato fruit ripening, but the roles of miRNA-regulated repression/expression of specific regulatory genes are not well documented. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrate that miR172 specifically targets four SlAP2 transcription factor genes in tomato. Among them, SlAP2a was repressed by the overexpression of SlmiR172, manifesting in altered flower morphology, development and accelerated ripening. miR172 over-expression lines specifically repressed SlAP2a, enhancing ethylene biosynthesis, fruit color and additional ripening characteristics. Most previously described ripening-regulatory genes, including RIN-MADS, NR, TAGL1 and LeHB-1 were not influenced by miR172 while CNR showed altered expression. CONCLUSIONS Tomato fruit ripening is directly influenced by miR172 targeting of the APETALA2 transcription factor, SlAP2a, with minimal influence over additional known ripening-regulatory genes. miR172a-guided SlAP2a expression provides insight into another layer of genetic control of ripening and a target for modifying the quality and nutritional value of tomato and possibly other fleshy fruit crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Young Chung
- Department of Agricultural Education, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
| | - Ujjal Kumar Nath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Julia Vrebalov
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Nigel Gapper
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Je Min Lee
- Department of Horticulture, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Do-Jin Lee
- Department of Agricultural Education, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
| | - Chang Kil Kim
- Department of Horticulture, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
| | - James Giovannoni
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
- US Department of Agriculture/Agriculture Research Service, Robert W. Holley Centre for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, New York, USA.
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517
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Chauhan SJ, Thyagarajan A, Sahu RP. Functional Significance of Mirna-149 in Lung Cancer: Can it be Utilized as a Potential Biomarker or a Therapeutic Target? AUSTIN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ONCOLOGY 2020; 7:1048. [PMID: 38628497 PMCID: PMC11019914 DOI: 10.26420/austinjmedoncol.2020.1048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has documented the significance of miR-149 as a promising tumor-suppressive non-coding RNA that play critical roles in regulating genes involved in cancer growth and metastasis. Notably, the ability of miR-149 to be utilized as a potential biomarker in the diagnosis/prognosis or a therapeutic target has also been explored using various cellular and preclinical models, as well as in clinical settings of lung cancer. While the applicability of miR-149 in assessing tumor progression has been suggested, its potential in predicting treatment outcomes is needed to be verified in diverse settings of lung cancer patients. The current review presents an overview of the functional significance of miR-149 with ongoing challenges in non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Chauhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, USA
| | - A Thyagarajan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, USA
| | - R P Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, USA
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518
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Zaytseva O, Mitchell NC, Guo L, Marshall OJ, Parsons LM, Hannan RD, Levens DL, Quinn LM. Transcriptional repression of Myc underlies the tumour suppressor function of AGO1 in Drosophila. Development 2020; 147:147/11/dev190231. [PMID: 32527935 PMCID: PMC7295588 DOI: 10.1242/dev.190231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report novel tumour suppressor activity for the Drosophila Argonaute family RNA-binding protein AGO1, a component of the miRNA-dependent RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). The mechanism for growth inhibition does not, however, involve canonical roles as part of the RISC; rather, AGO1 controls cell and tissue growth by functioning as a direct transcriptional repressor of the master regulator of growth, Myc. AGO1 depletion in wing imaginal discs drives a significant increase in ribosome biogenesis, nucleolar expansion and cell growth in a manner dependent on Myc abundance. Moreover, increased Myc promoter activity and elevated Myc mRNA in AGO1-depleted animals requires RNA polymerase II transcription. Further support for transcriptional AGO1 functions is provided by physical interaction with the RNA polymerase II transcriptional machinery (chromatin remodelling factors and Mediator Complex), punctate nuclear localisation in euchromatic regions and overlap with Polycomb Group transcriptional silencing loci. Moreover, significant AGO1 enrichment is observed on the Myc promoter and AGO1 interacts with the Myc transcriptional activator Psi. Together, our data show that Drosophila AGO1 functions outside of the RISC to repress Myc transcription and inhibit developmental cell and tissue growth. This article has an associated ‘The people behind the papers’ interview. Highlighted Article: In the Drosophila wing, the Argonaute family protein AGO1 acts independently of the miRNA-silencing pathway to restrict tissue growth by directly repressing transcription of the master growth regulator Myc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zaytseva
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Naomi C Mitchell
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Linna Guo
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | | | | | - Ross D Hannan
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - David L Levens
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Leonie M Quinn
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
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519
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Rayner KJ. microRNA-128: A New Tool in the Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity Toolbox. Circ Res 2020; 126:1721-1722. [PMID: 32496911 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.317053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katey J Rayner
- From the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada; and Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Canada
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520
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Abramowicz A, Story MD. The Long and Short of It: The Emerging Roles of Non-Coding RNA in Small Extracellular Vesicles. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061445. [PMID: 32498257 PMCID: PMC7352322 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a significant role in intercellular communication through their non-coding RNA (ncRNA) cargo. While the initial examination of EV cargo identified both mRNA and miRNA, later studies revealed a wealth of other types of EV-related non-randomly packed ncRNAs, including tRNA and tRNA fragments, Y RNA, piRNA, rRNA, and lncRNA. A number of potential roles for these ncRNA species were suggested, with strong evidence provided in some cases, whereas the role for other ncRNA is more speculative. For example, long non-coding RNA might be used as a potential diagnostic tool but might also mediate resistance to certain cancer-specific chemotherapy agents. piRNAs, on the other hand, have a significant role in genome integrity, however, no role has yet been defined for the piRNAs found in EVs. While our knowledgebase for the function of ncRNA-containing EVs is still modest, the potential role that these EV-ensconced ncRNA might play is promising. This review summarizes the ncRNA content of EVs and describes the function where known, or the potential utility of EVs that harbor specific types of ncRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Abramowicz
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Michael D Story
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Correspondence:
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521
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Roy B, Yoshino Y, Allen L, Prall K, Schell G, Dwivedi Y. Exploiting Circulating MicroRNAs as Biomarkers in Psychiatric Disorders. Mol Diagn Ther 2020; 24:279-298. [PMID: 32304043 PMCID: PMC7269874 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-020-00464-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive peripheral biomarkers play a significant role in both disease diagnosis and progression. In the past few years, microRNA (miRNA) expression changes in circulating peripheral tissues have been found to be correlative with changes in neuronal tissues from patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. This is a notable quality of a biomolecule to be considered as a biomarker for both prognosis and diagnosis of disease. miRNAs, members of the small non-coding RNA family, have recently gained significant attention due to their ability to epigenetically influence almost every aspect of brain functioning. Empirical evidence suggests that miRNA-associated changes in the brain are often translated into behavioral changes. Current clinical understanding further implicates their role in the management of major psychiatric conditions, including major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SZ). This review aims to critically evaluate the potential advantages and disadvantages of miRNAs as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers in psychiatric disorders as well as in treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Roy
- Translational Research, UAB Mood Disorders Program, UAB Depression and Suicide Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SC711 Sparks Center, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yuta Yoshino
- Translational Research, UAB Mood Disorders Program, UAB Depression and Suicide Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SC711 Sparks Center, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Lauren Allen
- Translational Research, UAB Mood Disorders Program, UAB Depression and Suicide Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SC711 Sparks Center, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kevin Prall
- Translational Research, UAB Mood Disorders Program, UAB Depression and Suicide Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SC711 Sparks Center, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Grant Schell
- Translational Research, UAB Mood Disorders Program, UAB Depression and Suicide Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SC711 Sparks Center, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yogesh Dwivedi
- Translational Research, UAB Mood Disorders Program, UAB Depression and Suicide Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SC711 Sparks Center, 1720 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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522
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Naorem LD, Pathak E, Muthaiyan M, Venkatesan A. Network-based meta-analysis for the identification of potential target for human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2020.100690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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523
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Misiorek JO, Schreiber AM, Urbanek-Trzeciak MO, Jazurek-Ciesiołka M, Hauser LA, Lynch DR, Napierala JS, Napierala M. A Comprehensive Transcriptome Analysis Identifies FXN and BDNF as Novel Targets of miRNAs in Friedreich's Ataxia Patients. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:2639-2653. [PMID: 32291635 PMCID: PMC7253519 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01899-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is a genetic neurodegenerative disease that is caused by guanine-adenine-adenine (GAA) nucleotide repeat expansions in the first intron of the frataxin (FXN) gene. Although present in the intron, this mutation leads to a substantial decrease in protein expression. Currently, no effective treatment is available for FRDA, and, in addition to FXN, other targets with therapeutic potential are continuously sought. As miRNAs can regulate the expression of a broad spectrum of genes, are used as biomarkers, and can serve as therapeutic tools, we decided to identify and characterize differentially expressed miRNAs and their targets in FRDA cells compared to unaffected control (CTRL) cells. In this study, we performed an integrated miRNAseq and RNAseq analysis using the same cohort of primary FRDA and CTRL cells. The results of the transcriptome studies were supported by bioinformatic analyses and validated by qRT-PCR. miRNA interactions with target genes were assessed by luciferase assays, qRT-PCR, and immunoblotting. In silico analysis identified the FXN transcript as a target of five miRNAs upregulated in FRDA cells. Further studies confirmed that miRNA-224-5p indeed targets FXN, resulting in decreases in mRNA and protein levels. We also validated the ability of miRNA-10a-5p to bind and regulate the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), an important modulator of neuronal growth. We observed a significant decrease in the levels of miRNA-10a-5p and increase in the levels of BDNF upon correction of FRDA cells via zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN)-mediated excision of expanded GAA repeats. Our comprehensive transcriptome analyses identified miRNA-224-5p and miRNA-10a-5p as negative regulators of the FXN and BDNF expression, respectively. These results emphasize not only the importance of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of FRDA but also their potential as therapeutic targets for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia O. Misiorek
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna M. Schreiber
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, UAB Stem Cell Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | | | | | - Lauren A. Hauser
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - David R. Lynch
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Jill S. Napierala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, UAB Stem Cell Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Marek Napierala
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, UAB Stem Cell Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
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524
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Bahia W, Soltani I, Abidi A, Haddad A, Ferchichi S, Menif S, Almawi WY. Identification of genes and miRNA associated with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss: an exploratory data mining study. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:75. [PMID: 32487076 PMCID: PMC7268288 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-00730-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a significant adverse pregnancy complication, with an incompletely understood pathology. While many entities were proposed to elucidate the pathogenic basis of RPL, only few were significant enough to warrant investigation in all affected couples.. The aim of this study was to provide novel insights into the biological characteristics and related pathways of differentially expressed miRNA (DEMs) and genes (DEGs), in RPL, and construct a molecular miRNAs–mRNAs network. Methods miRNAs and gene expression data were collected, and a number of DEMs and (DEGs) were obtained, and regulatory co-expression network were constructed. Function and enrichment analyses of DEMs were conducted using DIANA-miRPath. DEGs were screened, and were used in generation of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, using STRING online database. Modularity analysis, and pathway identification operations were used in identifying graph clusters and associated pathways. DEGs were also used for further gene ontology (GO) analysis, followed by analysis of KEGG pathway. Results A total of 34 DEMs were identified, and were found to be highly enriched in TGF-β signaling pathway, Fatty acid metabolism and TNF signaling pathway. Hub miRNAs were selected and were found to be involved in several functional pathways including progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation and Thyroid hormone signaling pathway. Five dysregulated feedback loops involving miRNA and TFs were identified and characterized. Most notably, PPI network analysis identified hub-bottleneck protein panel. These appear to offer potential candidate biomarker pattern for RPL diagnosis and treatment. Conclusions The present study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Bahia
- Research Unit of Clinical and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.,Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Ismael Soltani
- Molecular and Cellular Hematology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anouar Abidi
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, la Rabta, 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anis Haddad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salima Ferchichi
- Research Unit of Clinical and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Samia Menif
- Molecular and Cellular Hematology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wassim Y Almawi
- Faculty of Sciences, El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia. .,College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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525
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Singh R, Sophiarani Y. A report on DNA sequence determinants in gene expression. Bioinformation 2020; 16:422-431. [PMID: 32831525 PMCID: PMC7434957 DOI: 10.6026/97320630016422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The biased usage of nucleotides in coding sequence and its correlation with gene expression has been observed in several studies. A complex set of interactions between genes and
other components of the expression system determine the amount of proteins produced from coding sequences. It is known that the elongation rate of polypeptide chain is affected by
both codon usage bias and specific amino acid compositional constraints. Therefore, it is of interest to review local DNA-sequence elements and other positional as well as
combinatorial constraints that play significant role in gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravail Singh
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, CSIR, Canal Road, Jammu-180001
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526
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Prestes PR, Maier MC, Woods BA, Charchar FJ. A Guide to the Short, Long and Circular RNAs in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103666. [PMID: 32455975 PMCID: PMC7279167 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in adults in developed countries. CVD encompasses many diseased states, including hypertension, coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis. Studies in animal models and human studies have elucidated the contribution of many genetic factors, including non-coding RNAs. Non-coding RNAs are RNAs not translated into protein, involved in gene expression regulation post-transcriptionally and implicated in CVD. Of these, circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs are relevant. CircRNAs are created by the back-splicing of pre-messenger RNA and have been underexplored as contributors to CVD. These circRNAs may also act as biomarkers of human disease, as they can be extracted from whole blood, plasma, saliva and seminal fluid. CircRNAs have recently been implicated in various disease processes, including hypertension and other cardiovascular disease. This review article will explore the promising and emerging roles of circRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in CVD, in particular hypertension.
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527
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Gao Y, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Qian J. Identification of MicroRNA-Target Gene-Transcription Factor Regulatory Networks in Colorectal Adenoma Using Microarray Expression Data. Front Genet 2020; 11:463. [PMID: 32508878 PMCID: PMC7248367 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the study was to find the key genes, microRNAs (miRNAs) and transcription factors (TFs) and construct miRNA-target gene-TF regulatory networks to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism in colorectal adenoma (CRA). Methods Four mRNA expression datasets and one miRNA expression dataset were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between CRA and normal samples. Moreover, functional enrichment analysis for DEGs was carried out utilizing the Cytoscape-plugin, known as ClueGO. These DEGs were mapped to STRING database to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Then, a miRNA-target gene regulatory network was established to screen key DEMs. In addition, similar workflow of the analyses were also performed comparing the CRC samples with CRA ones to screen key DEMs. Finally, miRNA-target gene-TF regulatory networks were constructed for these key DEMs using iRegulon plug-in in Cytoscape. Results We identified 514 DEGs and 167 DEMs in CRA samples compared to healthy samples. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in several terms and pathways, such as regulation of cell migration and bile secretion pathway. A PPI network was constructed including 325 nodes as well as 890 edges. A total of 59 DEGs and 65 DEMs were identified in CRC samples compared to CRA ones. In addition, Two key DEMs in CRA samples compared to healthy samples were identified, such as hsa-miR-34a and hsa-miR-96. One key DEM, hsa-miR-29c, which was identified when we compared the differentially expressed molecules found in the comparison CRA versus normal samples to the ones obtained in the comparison CRC versus CRA, was also identified in CRC samples compared to CRA ones. The miRNA-target gene-TF regulatory networks for these key miRNAs included two TFs, one TF and five TFs, respectively. Conclusion These identified key genes, miRNA, TFs and miRNA-target gene-TF regulatory networks associated with CRA, to a certain degree, may provide some hints to enable us to better understand the underlying pathogenesis of CRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Shenglai Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Junbo Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
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528
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Un Nisa K, Reza MI. Key Relevance of Epigenetic Programming of Adiponectin Gene in Pathogenesis of Metabolic Disorders. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 20:506-517. [DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666190801142637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background & Objective::
Significant health and social burdens have been created by the
growth of metabolic disorders like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), atherosclerosis, and non-alcoholic
steatohepatitis, worldwide. The number of the affected population is as yet rising, and it is assessed
that until 2030, 4−5 million individuals will acquire diabetes. A blend of environmental, genetic, epigenetic,
and other factors, such as diet, are accountable for the initiation and progression of metabolic
disorders. Several researches have shown strong relevance of adiponectin gene and metabolic disorders.
In this review, the potential influence of epigenetic mechanisms of adiponectin gene “ADIPOQ”
on increasing the risk of developing metabolic disorders and their potential in treating this major disorder
are discussed.
Results & Conclusion::
Various studies have postulated that a series of factors such as maternal High
fat diet (HFD), oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory mediators, sleep fragmentation throughout lifetime,
from gestation to old age, could accumulate epigenetic marks, including histone remodeling, DNA
methylation, and microRNAs (miRNAs) that, in turn, alter the expression of ADIPOQ gene and result
in hypoadiponectinemia which precipitates insulin resistance (IR) that in turn might induce or accelerate
the onset and development of metabolic disorder. A better understanding of global patterns of epigenetic
modifications and further their alterations in metabolic disorders will bestow better treatment
strategies design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiser Un Nisa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, SAS Nagar, India
| | - Mohammad Irshad Reza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, SAS Nagar, India
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Li J, Wang T, Wang Y, Xu M, Zhang L, Li X, Liu Z, Gao S, Jia Q, Fan Y, Wang Z, Wu N, Zhang X, Dai Y, Kong F, Wang W, Duan H. Particulate matter air pollution and the expression of microRNAs and pro-inflammatory genes: Association and mediation among children in Jinan, China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 389:121843. [PMID: 31843406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been associated with increased risk of various diseases, possibly through its effect on inflammatory response. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), an epigenetic mechanism regulating gene expression, can affect the expression of pro-inflammatory genes. However, few epidemiological studies have examined the impact of PM on inflammation-related miRNAs and their target mRNAs, especially among vulnerable population. We recruited 160 and 113 children from areas with different PM level in Jinan, China. We measured benzo[a]pyrene-r-7,t-8,t-9,c-10-tetrahydotetrol-albumin (BPDE-Alb) adducts in serum and the expression of 5 candidate miRNAs involved in inflammation regulation and 7 pro-inflammatory genes predicted to be their targets in leukocytes. Generally, children in the polluted area had higher miRNAs and lower mRNAs expression than those in the control area. An interquartile increase of BPDE-Alb adducts was associated with 12.66 %, 14.13 %, and 12.76 % higher of let-7a, miR-146a-5p, and miR-155-5p, as well as 21.61 %, 20.16 %, and 12.49 % lower of IL-6, CXCL8, and TLR2 mRNAs at false discovery rate<0.05, respectively. Additionally, let-7a, miR-146a-5p, and miR-155-5p were found to mediate the associations of BPDE-Alb adducts with IL-6 and/or TLR2 expression. Our findings suggested that PM exposure might attenuate inflammatory response among children in China, which was partly mediated by miRNAs regulating pro-inflammatory genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Inner Mongolia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, China
| | - Qiang Jia
- Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yaochun Fan
- Inner Mongolia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhenjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Dai
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Fanling Kong
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Wenrui Wang
- Inner Mongolia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, China
| | - Huawei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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Zubrzycka A, Zubrzycki M, Perdas E, Zubrzycka M. Genetic, Epigenetic, and Steroidogenic Modulation Mechanisms in Endometriosis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1309. [PMID: 32370117 PMCID: PMC7291215 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease, affecting up to 10% of reproductive-age women. The exact cause of the disease is unknown; however, it is a heritable condition affected by multiple genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Previous studies reported variations in the epigenetic patterns of numerous genes known to be involved in the aberrant modulation of cell cycle steroidogenesis, abnormal hormonal, immune and inflammatory status in endometriosis, apoptosis, adhesion, angiogenesis, proliferation, immune and inflammatory processes, response to hypoxia, steroidogenic pathway and hormone signaling are involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Accumulating evidence suggest that various epigenetic aberrations may contribute to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Among them, DNA methyltransferases, histone deacetylators, and non-coding microRNAs demonstrate differential expression within endometriotic lesions and in the endometrium of patients with endometriosis. It has been indicated that the identification of epigenetic differences within the DNA or histone proteins may contribute to the discovery of a useful prognostic biomarker, which could aid in the future earlier detection, timely diagnosis, and initiation of a new approach to the treatment of endometriosis, as well as inform us about the effectiveness of treatment and the stage of the disease. As the etiology of endometriosis is highly complex and still far from being fully elucidated, the presented review focuses on different approaches to identify the genetic and epigenetic links of endometriosis and its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zubrzycka
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; Poland;
- Department of Operative and Conservative Gynecology, K. Jonscher Memorial Hospital, Milionowa 14, 93-113 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek Zubrzycki
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, The Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski Institute of Cardiology, Alpejska 42, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Perdas
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Maria Zubrzycka
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
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miR-29b and retinoic acid co-delivery: a promising tool to induce a synergistic antitumoral effect in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:1367-1380. [PMID: 32358723 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00768-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The high incidence, late diagnosis, and aggressive profile of lung cancer limit the treatment options, causing a reduced survival rate. Consequently, RNAi-based therapy appears as a potential approach to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This approach is based on the delivery of small RNAs, involved in the regulation of key cell pathways, to treat complex diseases among others. Concerning that, the aim of this work was focused on the co-delivery of miR-29b and retinoic acid (RA) into NSCLC cells by multifunctional micellar nanosystems (Pluronic® P123 or Pluronic® P103 linked to polyethyleneimine (PEI)). The developed P103-PEI-RA/miR-29b (10/1) presented better results and most attractive properties, promoting efficient delivery of miR-29b, as well as revealing a significant antitumoral activity promoted by a synergistic effect between miR-29b expression and RA deliver. Furthermore, the developed therapeutic approach was able to significantly decrease cell viability and migration, as well as induce cell cycle arrest and epigenetic regulation in NSCLC cells. Thus, this work outcome enables to discover a hopeful system to deliver therapeutic miRNAs, crafting a novel RNAi-based therapy combined with RA to treat NSCLC. Graphical abstract.
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532
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Fang Y, Xu XY, Shen Y, Li J. miR-148 targets CiGadd45ba and CiGadd45bb to modulate the inflammatory response to bacterial infection in grass carp. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:103611. [PMID: 31953153 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), septicemia is a systemic inflammatory response to bacterial infection. Once infected bacteria, a hyper-inflammatory state that could lead to septic shock and death. There is increasing evidence that microRNAs are involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response. Ctenopharyngodon idella growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45 ba and bb (CiGadd45ba and CiGadd45bb) are two subtypes of Gadd45b. In the present study, miR-148 was confirmed to be involved in the inflammatory response after infection with Aeromonas hydrophila. Dual-luciferase reporter assays and miRNA expression profiling confirmed that miR-148 targeted both CiGadd45ba and CiGadd45bb. Transfection with miR148 mimics and inhibitors altered the expression levels of proinflammatory genes, suggesting that miRNAs regulate the immune response in grass carp. Our results provide a theoretical basis for studying the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of inflammation by miR-148 in grass carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yubang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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533
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Wahyuniari IAI, Arijana IGKN, Sriwidyani NP, Suwito H, Widyarini S, Ghufron M, Mustofa M, Haryana SM. The Effect of (E)-1-(4'-aminophenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one on MicroRNA-18a, Dicer1, and MMP-9 Expressions against DMBA-Induced Breast Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1213-1219. [PMID: 32458624 PMCID: PMC7541864 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.5.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most of breast cancer patients are estrogen receptor alpha-positive and have high resistance and side effect of chemotherapeutic drug. Therefore, discovering an effective anticancer agent is needed. This research explored the effect of (E)-1-(4'-aminophenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (APE) on miR-18a, Dicer1, and MMP-9 expressions. METHODS Twenty four female Sprague-Dawley rats were invetigated in this study. The rats were divided into 6 groups of 4. G1 was considered as normal rat. G2, G3, T1, T2, and T3 were given DMBA 20 mg/kgBW twice a week for 5 weeks to induce mammary cancer. After being affiliated with cancer, G2 was given vehicle and G3 was treated with tamoxifen. T1, T2, and T3 were treated with APE intraperitoneally everyday for 21 days at doses of 5, 15, and 45 mg/kgBW/day, respectively. Blood plasma was collected to measure miR-18a expression using qRT-PCR. Mammary tissues were also collected to determine Dicer1 and MMP-9 expressions by using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The results showed significant down-regulation of miR-18a relative expression and up-regulation of Dicer1 expression in G3 and T1 compared to G2 (P<0.05). MMP-9 expression has significant decrease in T1 compared to G2 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION APE can decrease miR-18a and MMP-9 expressions and increase Dicer1 expression in rat mammary cancer. Therefore, this compound could be a candidate of novel anticancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ni Putu Sriwidyani
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Hery Suwito
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Sitarina Widyarini
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Ghufron
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology,Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mustofa Mustofa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Corrêa TAF, Quintanilha BJ, Norde MM, Pinhel MADS, Nonino CB, Rogero MM. Nutritional genomics, inflammation and obesity. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2020; 64:205-222. [PMID: 32555987 PMCID: PMC10522224 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Human Genome Project has significantly broadened our understanding of the molecular aspects regulating the homeostasis and the pathophysiology of different clinical conditions. Consequently, the field of nutrition has been strongly influenced by such improvements in knowledge - especially for determining how nutrients act at the molecular level in different conditions, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. In this manner, characterizing how the genome influences the diet and vice-versa provides insights about the molecular mechanisms involved in chronic inflammation-related diseases. Therefore, the present review aims to discuss the potential application of Nutritional Genomics to modulate obesity-related inflammatory responses. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2020;64(3):205-22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma Angelina Faraldo Corrêa
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição ExperimentalFaculdade de Ciências FarmacêuticasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental , Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP , Brasil
- Centro de Pesquisa em AlimentosCentros de Pesquisa, Inovação e DifusãoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Centro de Pesquisa em Alimentos (FoRC), Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão (Cepid), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Fapesp), São Paulo , SP , Brasil
| | - Bruna Jardim Quintanilha
- Centro de Pesquisa em AlimentosCentros de Pesquisa, Inovação e DifusãoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Centro de Pesquisa em Alimentos (FoRC), Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão (Cepid), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Fapesp), São Paulo , SP , Brasil
- Departamento de NutriçãoFaculdade de Saúde PúblicaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Laboratório de Genômica Nutricional e Inflamação, Departamento de Nutrição , Faculdade de Saúde Pública , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP , Brasil
| | - Marina Maintinguer Norde
- Departamento de NutriçãoFaculdade de Saúde PúblicaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Laboratório de Genômica Nutricional e Inflamação, Departamento de Nutrição , Faculdade de Saúde Pública , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP , Brasil
| | - Marcela Augusta de Souza Pinhel
- Departamento de Medicina InternaFaculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão PretoUniversidade de São PauloRibeirão PretoSPBrasil Departamento de Medicina Interna , Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências da SaúdeFaculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão PretoUniversidade de São PauloRibeirão PretoSPBrasil Departamento de Ciências da Saúde , Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brasil
| | - Carla Barbosa Nonino
- Departamento de Medicina InternaFaculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão PretoUniversidade de São PauloRibeirão PretoSPBrasil Departamento de Medicina Interna , Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências da SaúdeFaculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão PretoUniversidade de São PauloRibeirão PretoSPBrasil Departamento de Ciências da Saúde , Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brasil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Rogero
- Centro de Pesquisa em AlimentosCentros de Pesquisa, Inovação e DifusãoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Centro de Pesquisa em Alimentos (FoRC), Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão (Cepid), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Fapesp), São Paulo , SP , Brasil
- Departamento de NutriçãoFaculdade de Saúde PúblicaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Laboratório de Genômica Nutricional e Inflamação, Departamento de Nutrição , Faculdade de Saúde Pública , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP , Brasil
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Chetta M, Di Pietro L, Bukvic N, Lattanzi W. Rising Roles of Small Noncoding RNAs in Cotranscriptional Regulation: In Silico Study of miRNA and piRNA Regulatory Network in Humans. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11050482. [PMID: 32365489 PMCID: PMC7290514 DOI: 10.3390/genes11050482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene expression regulation is achieved through an intricate network of molecular interactions, in which trans-acting transcription factors (TFs) and small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), play a key role. Recent observations allowed postulating an interplay between TFs and sncRNAs, in that they may possibly share DNA-binding sites. The aim of this study was to analyze the complete subset of miRNA and piRNA sequences stored in the main databases in order to identify the occurrence of conserved motifs and subsequently predict a possible innovative interplay with TFs at a transcriptional level. To this aim, we adopted an original in silico workflow to search motifs and predict interactions within genome-scale regulatory networks. Our results allowed categorizing miRNA and piRNA motifs, with corresponding TFs sharing complementary DNA-binding motifs. The biological interpretation of the gene ontologies of the TFs permitted observing a selective enrichment in developmental pathways, allowing the distribution of miRNA motifs along a topological and chronological frame. In addition, piRNA motifs were categorized for the first time and revealed specific functional implications in somatic tissues. These data might pose experimental hypotheses to be tested in biological models, towards clarifying novel in gene regulatory routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Chetta
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica e di Laboratorio, Ospedale Antonio Cardarelli, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (L.D.P.); Tel.: +39-333187551 (M.C.); +39-0630154464 (L.D.P.)
| | - Lorena Di Pietro
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Biologia Applicata, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (L.D.P.); Tel.: +39-333187551 (M.C.); +39-0630154464 (L.D.P.)
| | - Nenad Bukvic
- UOC Lab. di Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Wanda Lattanzi
- Dipartimento Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Biologia Applicata, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Qiu W, Wu BL, Fang FC. Overview of noncoding RNAs involved in the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:251-265. [PMID: 32399134 PMCID: PMC7202925 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i4.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are infectious diseases that are characterized by progressive damage to dental support tissue. The major goal of periodontal therapy is to regenerate the periodontium destroyed by periodontal diseases. Human periodontal ligament (PDL) tissue possesses periodontal regenerative properties, and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) with the capacity for osteogenic differentiation show strong potential in clinical application for periodontium repair and regeneration. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which include a substantial portion of poly-A tail mature RNAs, are considered “transcriptional noise.” Recent studies show that ncRNAs play a major role in PDLSC differentiation; therefore, exploring how ncRNAs participate in the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs may help to elucidate the underlying mechanism of the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs and further shed light on the potential of stem cell transplantation for periodontium regeneration. In this review paper, we discuss the history of PDLSC research and highlight the regulatory mechanism of ncRNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bu-Ling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fu-Chun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
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537
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Bartolucci AF, Uliasz T, Peluso JJ. MicroRNA-21 as a regulator of human cumulus cell viability and its potential influence on the developmental potential of the oocyte. Biol Reprod 2020; 103:94-103. [PMID: 32333014 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-21 is expressed in bovine, murine, and human cumulus cells with its expression in murine and bovine cumulus cells correlated with oocyte developmental potential. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between cumulus cell MIR-21 and human oocyte developmental potential. These studies revealed that both the immature and mature forms of MicroRNA-21 (MIR-21-5p) were elevated in cumulus cells of oocytes that developed into blastocysts compared to cumulus cells of oocytes that arrested prior to blastocyst formation. This increase in MicroRNA-21 was observed regardless of whether the oocytes developed into euploid or aneuploid blastocysts. Moreover, MIR-21-5p levels in cumulus cells surrounding oocytes that either failed to mature or matured to metaphase II but failed to fertilize, were ≈50% less than the MIR-21-5p levels associated with oocytes that arrested prior to blastocyst formation. Why cumulus cells associated with oocytes of reduced developmental potential expressed less MIR-21-5p is unknown. It is unlikely due to reduced expression of either the receptors of growth differentiation factor 9 or rosha Ribonuclease III (DROSHA) and Dicer Ribonuclease III (DICER) which sequentially promote the conversion of immature forms of MicroRNA-21 to mature MicroRNA-21. Furthermore, cultured cumulus cells treated with a MIR-21-5p inhibitor had an increase in apoptosis and a corresponding increase in the expression of PTEN, a gene known to inhibit the AKT-dependent survival pathway in cumulus cells. These studies provide evidence for a role of MicroRNA-21 in human cumulus cells that influences the developmental potential of human oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison F Bartolucci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,The Center for Advanced Reproductive Services, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Tracy Uliasz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of CT Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - John J Peluso
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, University of CT Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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538
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Therapeutic potential of miR-21 regulation by human peripheral blood derived-small extracellular vesicles in myocardial infarction. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:985-999. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20191077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) as natural membranous vesicles are on the frontiers of nanomedical research, due to their ability to deliver therapeutic molecules such as microRNAs (miRNAs). The miRNA-21 (miR-21) is thought to be involved in the initiation and development of myocardial infarction (MI). Here, we examined whether miR-21 regulation using human peripheral blood-derived sEVs (PB-sEVs) could serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for MI. First, we examined miR-21 levels in hypoxic conditions and validated the ability of PB-sEVs to serve as a potential delivery system for miRNAs. Further, bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assay were performed to identify target genes of miR-21 mechanistically. Among numerous target pathways, we focused on nitrogen metabolism, which remains relatively unexplored compared with other possible miR-21-mediated pathways; hence, we aimed to determine novel target genes of miR-21 related to nitrogen metabolism. In hypoxic conditions, the expression of miR-21 was significantly up-regulated and correlated with nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) levels, which in turn influences cardiac function. The down-regulation of miR-21 expression by PB-sEVs loaded with anti-miR-21 significantly improved survival rates, consistent with the augmentation of cardiac function. However, the up-regulation of miR-21 expression by PB-sEVs loaded with miR-21 reversed these effects. Mechanistically, miR-21 targeted and down-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of striatin (STRN), which could regulate NOS3 expression. In conclusion, we identified a novel therapeutic strategy to improve cardiac function by regulating the expression of miR-21 with PB-sEVs as an miR-21 or anti-miR-21 delivery vehicle and confirmed the miR-21-associated nitrogen metabolic disorders in MI.
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539
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Wang L, Shi Z, Wang X, Mu S, Xu X, Shen L, Li P. Protective effects of bovine milk exosomes against oxidative stress in IEC-6 cells. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:317-327. [PMID: 32328746 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02242-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bovine milk exosomes, which are enriched with microRNAs (miRNAs) and proteins, regulate immune response and growth. In the present study, we aimed to assess the protective effects of bovine milk exosomes against oxidative stress of intestinal crypt epithelial cells (IEC-6). METHODS Bovine milk exosomes were isolated and characterized. To assess the protective effects of exosomes, IEC-6 cells were pretreated with exosomes, followed by H2O2. Cell viability and levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), reactive oxidative species (ROS), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured. The expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (Ho1) genes, and miR-146a, miR-155, and the HO-1 protein were also determined. RESULTS The isolated bovine milk exosome were positive for CD63 and CD9 expression. The exosomes were approximately circular and had a diameter of about 67.23 nm. Pretreatment of IEC-6 cells with bovine milk exosomes enhanced cell viability; increased SOD and GPX activities; and reduced LDH, ROS, and MDA levels after H2O2 challenge. Further analysis showed that exosome pretreatment increased intracellular miR-146a and miR-155 levels. Exosome pretreatment inhibited the elevation of Nrf2 and Ho1 gene expression induced by H2O2, but promoted HO-1 protein expression. CONCLUSION The results indicated that bovine milk exosomes exerted protective effects against oxidative stress in IEC-6 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanfang Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhexi Shi
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- The People's Hospital of Zhaoyuan City, Zhaoyuan, 265400, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shu Mu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ping Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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540
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Böhm A, Vachalcova M, Snopek P, Bacharova L, Komarova D, Hatala R. Molecular Mechanisms, Diagnostic Aspects and Therapeutic Opportunities of Micro Ribonucleic Acids in Atrial Fibrillation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082742. [PMID: 32326592 PMCID: PMC7215603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules responsible for regulation of gene expression. They are involved in many pathophysiological processes of a wide spectrum of diseases. Recent studies showed their involvement in atrial fibrillation. They seem to become potential screening biomarkers for atrial fibrillation and even treatment targets for this arrhythmia. The aim of this review article was to summarize the latest knowledge about miRNA and their molecular relation to the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Böhm
- National Cardiovascular Institute, 831 01 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, 831 01 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Academy—Research Organization, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.V.); (P.S.); (D.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marianna Vachalcova
- Academy—Research Organization, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.V.); (P.S.); (D.K.)
- East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Peter Snopek
- Academy—Research Organization, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.V.); (P.S.); (D.K.)
- Cardiology Clinic Faculty Hospital, 950 01 Nitra, Slovakia
- Saint Elisabeth University of Health and Social work, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ljuba Bacharova
- Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- International Laser Center, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dominika Komarova
- Academy—Research Organization, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.V.); (P.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Robert Hatala
- National Cardiovascular Institute, 831 01 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, 831 01 Bratislava, Slovakia
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541
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Wan B, Hu H, Wang R, Liu W, Chen D. Therapeutic Potential of Circular RNAs in Osteosarcoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:370. [PMID: 32351876 PMCID: PMC7174900 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. Multiagent chemotherapy, together with surgical removal of all detectable lesions, has improved the long-term survival rate to 65-70% in patients with localized osteosarcoma and to 25-30% in patients with metastatic osteosarcoma since the 1970s. However, the conventional strategy has not improved in recent decades. With accumulating knowledge of the natural circular RNA (circRNA) pathogenesis of osteosarcoma, the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of some circRNAs has been explored. Meanwhile, artificial circular RNAs have been designed as onco-microRNA inhibitors to exert antitumor functions. Therefore, natural and artificial circular RNAs, like other RNA counterparts, are attractive new classes of therapeutic molecules for the treatment of osteosarcoma. This review summarizes the latest progress in the relationship between circRNAs and the malignant phenotype of osteosarcoma and sheds light on the therapeutic potential of the two types of circular RNA in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Wan
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renxian Wang
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dafu Chen
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
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542
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Ferrari L, Carugno M, Mensi C, Pesatori AC. Circulating Epigenetic Biomarkers in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: State of the Art and critical Evaluation. Front Oncol 2020; 10:445. [PMID: 32318342 PMCID: PMC7146237 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive cancer, which originates from the mesothelial cells of the pleura and is associated with asbestos exposure. In light of its aggressive nature, late diagnosis and dismal prognosis, there is an urgent need for identification of biomarkers in easily accessible samples (such as blood) for early diagnosis of MPM. In the last 10 years, epigenetic markers, such as DNA methylation and microRNAs (miRNAs), have gained popularity as possible early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cancer research. The aim of this review is to provide a critical analysis of the current evidences on circulating epigenetic biomarkers for MPM and on their translational potential to the clinical practice for early diagnosis and for prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ferrari
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Carugno
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Mensi
- Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Cecilia Pesatori
- EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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543
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Li J, Wang M, Song L, Wang X, Lai W, Jiang S. Lnc
RNA MALAT
1 regulates inflammatory cytokine production in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated human gingival fibroblasts through sponging miR‐20a and activating
TLR
4 pathway. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:182-190. [PMID: 31552681 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiashan Li
- Department of Periodontics Hospital of Stomatology School of Dentistry Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Minwei Wang
- School of Biological Science University of California Irvine Irvine CA USA
| | - Liting Song
- Department of Periodontics Hospital of Stomatology School of Dentistry Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Xiangpu Wang
- Department of Periodontics Hospital of Stomatology School of Dentistry Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Wen Lai
- Department of Periodontics Hospital of Stomatology School of Dentistry Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Shaoyun Jiang
- Department of Periodontology Center of Stomatology Shenzhen Hospital Peking University Shenzhen China
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544
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Omariba G, Xu F, Wang M, Li K, Zhou Y, Xiao J. Genome-Wide Analysis of MicroRNA-related Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in Mouse Genome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5789. [PMID: 32238847 PMCID: PMC7113310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62588-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are widely referred to as gene expression regulators for different diseases. The integration between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and miRNAs has been associated with both human and animal diseases. In order to gain new insights on the effects of SNPs on miRNA and their related sequences, we steadily characterized a whole mouse genome miRNA related SNPs, analyzed their effects on the miRNA structural stability and target alteration. In this study, we collected 73643859 SNPs across the mouse genome, analyzed 1187 pre-miRNAs and 2027 mature miRNAs. Upon mapping the SNPs, 1700 of them were identified in 702 pre-miRNAs and 609 SNPs in mature miRNAs. We also discovered that SNP densities of the pre-miRNA and mature miRNAs are lower than the adjacent flanking regions. Also the flanking regions far away from miRNAs appeared to have higher SNP density. In addition, we also found that transitions were more frequent than transversions in miRNAs. Notably, 841 SNPs could change their corresponding miRNA's secondary structure from stable to unstable. We also performed target gain and loss analysis of 163 miRNAs and our results showed that few miRNAs remained unchanged and many miRNAs from wild mice gained target site. These results outline the first case of SNP variations in the mouse whole genome scale. Those miRNAs with changes in structure or target could be of interest for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Omariba
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Fuyi Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, United States
| | - Maochun Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Kai Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yuxun Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Junhua Xiao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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545
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Cuthbert JM, Russell SJ, White KL, Benninghoff AD. The maternal-to-zygotic transition in bovine in vitro-fertilized embryos is associated with marked changes in small non-coding RNAs†. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:331-350. [PMID: 30165428 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) have been reported to be important during early embryo development. However, a comprehensive assessment of the inventory of sncRNAs during the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) has not been performed in an animal model that better represents the sncRNA biogenesis pathway in human oocytes and embryos. The objective of this study was to examine dynamic changes in expression of sncRNAs during the MZT in bovine embryos produced by in vitro fertilization (IVF), which occurs at the 8-cell stage. An unbiased, discovery-based approach was employed using small RNAseq to profile sncRNAs in bovine oocytes, 8-cell stage embryos and blastocyst stage embryos followed by network and ontology analyses to explore the functional relevance of differentially expressed micro-RNAS (miRNAs). The relative abundance of miRNAs was markedly higher in 8-cell stage embryos compared to oocytes or blastocyst stage embryos. This shift in miRNA population was largely associated with upregulation of miRNAs predicted to target genes involved in the biological processes of cell development, cell division, Wnt signaling, and pluripotency, among others. Distinct populations of piwi-interacting-like RNAs (pilRNAs) were identified in bovine oocytes and blastocyst stage embryos, though pilRNAs were nearly absent in 8-cell stage embryos. Also, small nucleolar RNAs were highly expressed in 8-cell stage embryos. Overall, these data reveal a strong dynamic shift in the relative abundance of sncRNAs associated with the MZT in bovine oocytes and embryos, suggesting that these molecules may play important roles in the shift from maternal to zygotic control of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn M Cuthbert
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | | | - Kenneth L White
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Abby D Benninghoff
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
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546
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Dziobek K, Opławski M, Grabarek BO, Zmarzły N, Kieszkowski P, Januszyk P, Kiełbasiński K, Kiełbasiński R, Boroń D. Assessment of the Usefulness of the SEMA5A Concentration Profile Changes as a Molecular Marker in Endometrial Cancer. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:45-51. [PMID: 31544715 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190911113611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semaphorin 5A (SEMA5A) functions not only in the nervous system but also in cancer transformation where its role has not yet been sufficiently studied and described. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine the changes in SEMA5A expression in endometrial cancer at various degrees of its differentiation (G1-G3) compared to control. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study group consisted of 45 patients with endometrial cancer at various grades: G1, 17; G2, 15; G3, 13. The control consisted of 15 women without neoplastic changes in the routine gynecological examination. The statistical analysis of immunohistochemical assessment of SEMA5A level was carried out using the Statistica 12 program based on the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's post-hoc test (p<0.05). RESULTS The expression of SEMA5A (optical density) was observed in the control group (Me = 103.43) and in the study group (G1, Me = 140.72; G2, Me = 150.88; G3, Me = 173.77). Differences in expression between each grade and control and between individual grades turned out to be statistically significant (p<0.01). The protein level of SEMA5A expression increased with the decreasing degree of endometrial cancer differentiation. CONCLUSION In our research, we indicated the overexpression of SEMA5A protein in endometrial cancer. It is a valuable starting point for further consideration of the role of SEMA5A as a new supplementary molecular marker in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Dziobek
- Center of Oncology, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Institute, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Opławski
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Kraków, Krakow, Poland
| | - Beniamin O Grabarek
- Center of Oncology, M. Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Institute, Cracow Branch, Cracow, Poland.,Katowice School of Technology, The University of Science and Art in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.,Department of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmaceutical in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Nikola Zmarzły
- Katowice School of Technology, The University of Science and Art in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.,Department of Molecular Biology, School of Pharmaceutical in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Januszyk
- Katowice School of Technology, The University of Science and Art in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.,Faculty of Health Science, Public Higher Medical Professional School in Opole, Opole, Poland
| | | | - Robert Kiełbasiński
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology ward, Health Center in Mikołów, Mikołów, Poland
| | - Dariusz Boroń
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, Kraków, Krakow, Poland.,Katowice School of Technology, The University of Science and Art in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.,Faculty of Health Science, Public Higher Medical Professional School in Opole, Opole, Poland
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547
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Wu W, Choi EJ, Lee I, Lee YS, Bao X. Non-Coding RNAs and Their Role in Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Human Metapneumovirus (hMPV) Infections. Viruses 2020; 12:v12030345. [PMID: 32245206 PMCID: PMC7150941 DOI: 10.3390/v12030345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent high-throughput sequencing revealed that only 2% of the transcribed human genome codes for proteins, while the majority of transcriptional products are non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Herein, we review the current knowledge regarding ncRNAs, both host- and virus-derived, and their role in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infections. RSV is known as the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in children, while hMPV is also a significant contributor to LRTI in the pediatrics population. Although RSV and hMPV are close members, belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, they induce distinct changes in the ncRNA profile. Several types of host ncRNAs, including long ncRNA (lncRNA), microRNAs (miRNAs), and transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived RNA fragments (tRFs), are involved as playing roles in RSV and/or hMPV infection. Given the importance of ncRNAs in regulating the expression and functions of genes and proteins, comprehensively understanding the roles of ncRNAs in RSV/hMPV infection could shed light upon the disease mechanisms of RSV and hMPV, potentially providing insights into the development of prevention strategies and antiviral therapy. The presence of viral-derived RNAs and the potential of using ncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (W.W.); (E.-J.C.)
| | - Eun-Jin Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (W.W.); (E.-J.C.)
| | | | - Yong Sun Lee
- Department of Cancer System Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si Gyeonggi-do 10408, Korea;
| | - Xiaoyong Bao
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; (W.W.); (E.-J.C.)
- Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- The Institute of Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- The Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +409-772-1777
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548
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Unknown Areas of Activity of Human Ribonuclease Dicer: A Putative Deoxyribonuclease Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061414. [PMID: 32244942 PMCID: PMC7144382 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The Dicer ribonuclease plays a crucial role in the biogenesis of small regulatory RNAs (srRNAs) by processing long double-stranded RNAs and single-stranded hairpin RNA precursors into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), respectively. Dicer-generated srRNAs can control gene expression by targeting complementary transcripts and repressing their translation or inducing their cleavage. Human Dicer (hDicer) is a multidomain enzyme comprising a putative helicase domain, a DUF283 domain, platform, a PAZ domain, a connector helix, two RNase III domains (RNase IIIa and RNase IIIb) and a dsRNA-binding domain. Specific, ~20-base pair siRNA or miRNA duplexes with 2 nucleotide (nt) 3’-overhangs are generated by Dicer when an RNA substrate is anchored within the platform-PAZ-connector helix (PPC) region. However, increasing number of reports indicate that in the absence of the PAZ domain, binding of RNA substrates can occur by other Dicer domains. Interestingly, truncated variants of Dicer, lacking the PPC region, have been found to display a DNase activity. Inspired by these findings, we investigated how the lack of the PAZ domain, or the entire PPC region, would influence the cleavage activity of hDicer. Using immunopurified 3xFlag-hDicer produced in human cells and its two variants: one lacking the PAZ domain, and the other lacking the entire PPC region, we show that the PAZ domain deletion variants of hDicer are not able to process a pre-miRNA substrate, a dsRNA with 2-nt 3ʹ-overhangs, and a blunt-ended dsRNA. However, the PAZ deletion variants exhibit both RNase and DNase activity on short single-stranded RNA and DNAs, respectively. Collectively, our results indicate that when the PAZ domain is absent, other hDicer domains may contribute to substrate binding and in this case, non-canonical products can be generated.
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549
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Li Y, Liu JJ, Zhou JH, Chen R, Cen CQ. LncRNA HULC induces the progression of osteosarcoma by regulating the miR-372-3p/HMGB1 signalling axis. Mol Med 2020; 26:26. [PMID: 32188407 PMCID: PMC7081592 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00155-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is a malignancy that normally affects children, adolescents, and young adults. Although accumulating evidence has demonstrated the importance of HULC in osteosarcoma, little is reported about its functional roles and molecular mechanisms. Methods The expression of HULC and miR-372-3p in osteosarcoma tissues was quantified by qRT-PCR. The regulatory roles of HULC and miR-372-3p on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were determined by CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assays, respectively. The bioinformatics prediction software RAID v2.0 was used to predict the putative binding sites. The interactions among HULC, miR-372-3p and HMGB1 were explored by luciferase assay and western blot assay. Results Our results revealed elevated HULC and decreased miR-372-3p expression in both osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of HULC or knockdown of miR-372-3p promoted osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion and induced cell apoptosis. Bioinformatics and luciferase assays verified that HULC directly interacted with miR-372-3p to attenuate miR-372-3p binding to the HMGB1 3′-UTR. Furthermore, mechanistic investigations confirmed that activation of the miR-372-3p/HMGB1 regulatory loop by knockdown of miR-372-3p or overexpression of HMGB1 reversed the in vitro roles of HULC in promoting osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Conclusion Our study is the first to demonstrate that HULC may act as a ceRNA to modulate HMGB1 expression by competitively sponging miR-372-3p, leading to the regulation of osteosarcoma progression, which provides new insight into osteosarcoma diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- Department of Intensive Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Naval Hospital Southern Theater Command, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Qun Cen
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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550
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Ali Syeda Z, Langden SSS, Munkhzul C, Lee M, Song SJ. Regulatory Mechanism of MicroRNA Expression in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1723. [PMID: 32138313 PMCID: PMC7084905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 509] [Impact Index Per Article: 127.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered gene expression is the primary molecular mechanism responsible for the pathological processes of human diseases, including cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are virtually involved at the post-transcriptional level and bind to 3' UTR of their target messenger RNA (mRNA) to suppress expression. Dysfunction of miRNAs disturbs expression of oncogenic or tumor-suppressive target genes, which is implicated in cancer pathogenesis. As such, a large number of miRNAs have been found to be downregulated or upregulated in human cancers and to function as oncomiRs or oncosuppressor miRs. Notably, the molecular mechanism underlying the dysregulation of miRNA expression in cancer has been recently uncovered. The genetic deletion or amplification and epigenetic methylation of miRNA genomic loci and the transcription factor-mediated regulation of primary miRNA often alter the landscape of miRNA expression in cancer. Dysregulation of the multiple processing steps in mature miRNA biogenesis can also cause alterations in miRNA expression in cancer. Detailed knowledge of the regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in cancer is essential for understanding its physiological role and the implications of cancer-associated dysfunction and dysregulation. In this review, we elucidate how miRNA expression is deregulated in cancer, paying particular attention to the cancer-associated transcriptional and post-transcriptional factors that execute miRNA programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Ali Syeda
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea; (Z.A.S.); (S.S.S.L.); (C.M.)
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
| | - Siu Semar Saratu’ Langden
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea; (Z.A.S.); (S.S.S.L.); (C.M.)
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
| | - Choijamts Munkhzul
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea; (Z.A.S.); (S.S.S.L.); (C.M.)
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
| | - Mihye Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea; (Z.A.S.); (S.S.S.L.); (C.M.)
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
| | - Su Jung Song
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea; (Z.A.S.); (S.S.S.L.); (C.M.)
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
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