51
|
Alimujiang A, Colditz GA. What can we learn from the association between adolescent alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:287-289. [PMID: 30822176 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1586538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Alimujiang
- a Division of Public Health Sciences and the Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery , Washington University School of Medicine , St Louis , MO , USA.,b Department of Epidemiology , School of Public Health, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA
| | - Graham A Colditz
- a Division of Public Health Sciences and the Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Department of Surgery , Washington University School of Medicine , St Louis , MO , USA
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Chao AM, Wadden TA, Tronieri JS, Berkowitz RI. Alcohol Intake and Weight Loss During Intensive Lifestyle Intervention for Adults with Overweight or Obesity and Diabetes. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:30-40. [PMID: 30421851 PMCID: PMC6309276 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess whether alcohol consumption decreases during an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) and whether alcohol consumption is associated with weight loss among participants with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes. METHODS Participants (n = 4,901) were from the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) study, a randomized controlled trial that compared an ILI with a diabetes support and education (DSE) control. Mixed-effects models were used to estimate the effect of the ILI on alcohol consumption and the influence of alcohol consumption on weight loss at year 4. RESULTS ILI and DSE participants did not differ in changes in alcohol consumption. Alcohol intake was not associated with weight loss at year 1 of the ILI. ILI participants who abstained from alcohol lost 5.1% ± 0.3% of initial weight at year 4 compared with a significantly (P = 0.04) smaller 2.4% ± 1.3% for consistent heavy drinkers. ILI participants who abstained from alcohol consumption over the 4 years lost 1.6% ± 0.5% more weight relative to individuals who drank alcohol at any time during the intervention (P = 0.003). DSE participants did not differ in weight loss by alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Heavy alcohol drinkers are at risk for suboptimal long-term weight loss. Decreasing alcohol consumption may improve weight management among individuals with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariana M. Chao
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas A. Wadden
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jena Shaw Tronieri
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert I. Berkowitz
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Huang C, Zhang Y, Zhong S. Alcohol Intake and Abnormal Expression of Brf1 in Breast Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4818106. [PMID: 31781337 PMCID: PMC6874981 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4818106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease of females. Overall, one woman in every nine will get breast cancer at some time in her life. Epidemiological studies have indicated that alcohol consumption has most consistently been associated with breast cancer risk. However, the mechanism of alcohol-associated breast cancer remains to be addressed. Little is known about the effects of alcohol consumption on Brf1 (TFIIIB-related factor 1) expression and RNA Pol III gene (RNA polymerase III-dependent gene) transcription, which are responsible for protein synthesis and tightly linked to cell proliferation, cell transformation, and tumor development. Emerging evidences have indicated that alcohol induces deregulation of Brf1 and Pol III genes to cause the alterations of cell phenotypes and tumor formation. In this paper, we summarize the progresses regarding alcohol-caused increase in the expression of Brf1 and Pol III genes and analysis of its molecular mechanism of breast cancer. As the earlier and accurate diagnosis approach of breast cancer is not available yet, exploring the molecular mechanism and identifying the biomarker of alcohol-associated breast cancer are especially important. Recent studies have demonstrated that Brf1 is overexpressed in most ER+ (estrogen receptor positive) cases of breast cancer and the change in cellular levels of Brf1 reflects the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of this disease. It suggests that Brf1 may be a potential diagnosis biomarker and a therapeutic target of alcohol-associated breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Shantou University Medical College, China
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shuping Zhong
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Hahn M, Simons CCJM, Weijenberg MP, van den Brandt PA. Alcohol drinking, ADH1B and ADH1C genotypes and the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer by hormone receptor status: the Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:1342-1351. [PMID: 30052783 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption has consistently been shown to increase breast cancer (BC) risk. This association may be modified by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) isoenzymes ADH1B and ADH1C. The Netherlands Cohort Study comprises 62 573 women, aged 55-69 years at baseline (1986). Follow-up for postmenopausal BC for 20.3 years was available. Genotyping of six tag SNPs in ADH1B and ADH1C was performed on DNA from toenails. A case-cohort approach was used for analysis (complete data available for nsubcohort = 1301; ncases = 1630). Cox regression models for postmenopausal BC were applied to determine marginal effects of alcohol intake and SNPs using a dominant genetic model, as well as multiplicative interaction of the two. Results were also obtained for subtypes by estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status. Multiple testing was adjusted for by applying the false discovery rate (FDR). Alcohol intake (categorical) increased the risk of postmenopausal BC (Ptrend = 0.031). Trends for ER and PR subgroups followed a similar pattern. Continuous modeling of alcohol resulted in a hazard rate ratio (HR) for overall postmenopausal BC of 1.09 (95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.19) per 10 g/day of alcohol. SNPs were not associated with BC risk. No effect modification of the alcohol-BC association by SNP genotype was seen after FDR correction in overall BC and ER/PR subgroups. In conclusion, alcohol consumption was shown to increase the risk of postmenopausal BC. This association was not significantly modified by common SNPs in ADH1B and ADH1C, neither in overall BC nor in hormone receptor-defined subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Hahn
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland
| | - Colinda C J M Simons
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Matty P Weijenberg
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Piet A van den Brandt
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Wei L, Li N, Wang G, Feng X, Lyu Z, Li X, Wen Y, Chen Y, Chen H, Chen S, Wu S, Dai M, He J. Waist Circumference Might Be a Predictor of Primary Liver Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Front Oncol 2018; 8:607. [PMID: 30631750 PMCID: PMC6315118 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Waist circumference, as an indicator of central adiposity, has been identified as an important predictor of several specific cancers such as colorectal cancer and gastroesophageal cancer risk, however, a consensus regarding the association between waist circumference and primary liver cancer (PLC) risk has not been reached. Methods: A total of 104,825 males participating in the health checkup were included in the Kailuan male cohort study (2006–2015). Information on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle, medical records, and anthropometric measures were collected. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of association between waist circumference and the risk of PLC in males. Results: During a median of 8.9 years of follow-up, 346 PLC cases were newly diagnosed in the cohort. The RCS model showed a U-shaped association between waist circumference and PLC risk (P-overall = 0.019, P-non-linear = 0.017). Overally, males with both high waist circumference (HRQ5vs.Q3 = 1.98, 95%CI: 1.39–2.82) and low waist circumference (HRQ1vs.Q3 = 1.52, 95%CI: 1.02–2.27) had an increased risk of PLC. Especially, the U-shaped association between waist circumference and PLC risk tended to be strengthened among subjects with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negativity (HRQ5vs.Q3 = 2.39, 95%CI: 1.43–3.98; HRQ1vs.Q3 = 2.27, 95%CI = 1.29–4.01). Conclusions: Waist circumference might be an independent predictor of PLC risk in males, especially for subjects with HBsAg negativity. Controlling waist circumference in an appropriate range might be an effective primary prevention to decrease PLC risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luopei Wei
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ni Li
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Feng
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangyan Lyu
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuheng Chen
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongda Chen
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Health Department of Kailuan (Group), Tangshan, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Health Department of Kailuan (Group), Tangshan, China
| | - Min Dai
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/ National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Characteristics of endometriosis: A case-cohort study showing elevated IgG titers against the TSH receptor (TRAb) and mental comorbidity. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2018; 231:8-14. [PMID: 30317144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Endometriosis has been associated with a wide range of factors. The disease share immunological features with autoimmune diseases, and the prevalence of both hypo- and hyperthyroidism has been reported to be increased. However, the associations have to be confirmed and the mechanisms explored. The aim of this observational study was to investigate socioeconomic factors, lifestyle habits, and somatic and mental comorbidities in endometriosis compared to the general population. STUDY DESIGN In all, 172 women with endometriosis completed a study questionnaire and were interviewed regarding socioeconomic factors, lifestyle habits, psychological well-being, and medical history. Bowel symptoms were measured by the Visual Analogue Scale for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (VAS-IBS). Serum was analyzed for IgG levels of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies. Women from the general population served as controls. Differences were calculated by logistic regression, adjusted for confounders. RESULTS Alcohol intake, leisure time physical activity, body mass index and asthma were inversely, whereas IBS was positively associated with endometriosis. Hypothyroidism and anti-TPO antibodies did not associate, but elevated TRAb antibody titers were associated with endometriosis (odds ratio (OR): 539.26; 95% confidence interval (CI): 114.29-2544.32 for highest versus lowest tertile; p for trend < 0.001). Impaired psychological well-being (p for trend = 0.003) and current intake of antidepressant medication (OR: 3.54; 95% CI: 1.22-10.28; p = 0.020) associated with endometriosis, and impaired psychological well-being correlated with all gastrointestinal symptoms measured (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Lifestyle habits and asthma are inversely associated, and IBS and impaired psychological well-being are positively associated with endometriosis. TRAb titers are associated with endometriosis, supporting a link between endometriosis, autoimmunity and thyroid pathophysiology, although overt thyroid diseases do not associate.
Collapse
|
57
|
Amin G, Siegel M, Naimi T. National Cancer Societies and their public statements on alcohol consumption and cancer risk. Addiction 2018; 113:1802-1808. [PMID: 29696713 DOI: 10.1111/add.14254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studies have shown that alcohol consumption is a risk factor for oral, pharyngeal, laryngeal, esophageal, liver, colon, rectal and breast cancer. It would therefore be expected that cancer prevention organizations would incorporate these facts into their public stance on the consumption of alcohol. The aims of this study were to: (1) assess how national cancer societies in developed English-speaking countries [i.e. English-speaking countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)] communicate alcohol-related cancer risk to the public and (2) compare whether these organization's advocacy of increased alcohol taxes is in line with their advocacy of tobacco tax increases to reduce cancer risk. METHODS We searched the websites of the following national cancer organizations for all statements related to the relationship between alcohol consumption and cancer risk: Cancer Council Australia, Canadian Cancer Society, Irish Cancer Society, Cancer Society New Zealand, Cancer Research UK and the American Cancer Society. A categorical system was developed to code the qualitative data for health statements, alcohol consumption recommendations, and tax policy recommendations. Websites were analyzed in March of 2017. RESULTS All organizations, with the exception of the American Cancer Society and Canadian Cancer Society, state that alcohol is a group 1 carcinogen and that even low-level alcohol consumption increases risk for some cancers. Additionally, while the American Cancer Society supports increasing tobacco taxes through its cancer action network, it has not advocated for increased alcohol taxes in relation to support for tobacco tax increases. CONCLUSION Analysis in 2017 of the websites for national cancer societies in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States-including Cancer Council Australia, the Canadian Cancer Society, the Irish Cancer Society, Cancer Society New Zealand, Cancer Research UK and the American Cancer Society-shows that only the American Cancer Society and Canadian Cancer Society websites fail to state that alcohol is a group 1 carcinogen and can cause cancer at low doses, and that there is no safe threshold for cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Amin
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Siegel
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy Naimi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Manski CF. Reasonable patient care under uncertainty. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2018; 27:1397-1421. [PMID: 30070407 DOI: 10.1002/hec.3803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper discusses how limited ability to predict illness and treatment response may affect the welfare achieved in patient care. The discussion covers both decentralized clinical decision making and care that adheres to clinical practice guidelines. I explain why predictive ability has been limited, calling attention to questionable methodological practices in the research that supports evidence-based medicine. I summarize research on identification whose objective is to yield credible prediction of patient outcomes. Recognizing that uncertainty will continue to afflict medical decision making, I apply basic decision theory to suggest reasonable decision criteria with well-understood welfare properties. Previous research on medical decision making has largely embraced Bayesian decision theory. I summarize research studying the minimax-regret criterion, which seeks uniformly near-optimal decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles F Manski
- Department of Economics, Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Yaghjyan L, Colditz G, Eliassen H, Rosner B, Gasparova A, Tamimi RM. Interactions of alcohol and postmenopausal hormone use in regards to mammographic breast density. Cancer Causes Control 2018; 29:751-758. [PMID: 29938357 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-018-1053-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the association of alcohol intake with mammographic breast density in postmenopausal women by their hormone therapy (HT) status. METHODS This study included 2,100 cancer-free postmenopausal women within the Nurses' Health Study and Nurses' Health Study II cohorts. Percent breast density (PD), absolute dense (DA), and non-dense areas (NDA) were measured from digitized film mammograms using a computer-assisted thresholding technique; all measures were square root transformed. Alcohol consumption was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire (0, < 5, and ≥ 5 g/day). Information regarding breast cancer risk factors was obtained from baseline or biennial questionnaires closest to the mammogram date. We used generalized linear regression to examine associations between alcohol and breast density measures in women with no HT history, current, and past HT users. RESULTS In multivariable analyses, we found no associations of alcohol consumption with PD (p trend = 0.32) and DA (p trend = 0.53) and an inverse association with NDA (β = - 0.41, 95% CI - 0.73, - 0.09 for ≥ 5 g/day, p trend < 0.01). In the stratified analysis by HT status, alcohol was not associated with PD in any of the strata. We found a significant inverse association of alcohol with NDA among past HT users (β = - 0.79, 95% CI - 1.51, - 0.07 for ≥ 5 g/day, p trend = 0.02). There were no significant interactions between alcohol and HT in relation to PD, DA, and NDA (p interaction = 0.19, 0.42, and 0.43, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that associations of alcohol with breast density do not vary by HT status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lusine Yaghjyan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Rd., Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Graham Colditz
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Heather Eliassen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aleksandra Gasparova
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Rd., Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Rulla M Tamimi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Kowalski A, Striley CW, Varma DS, Egan KM, Yaghjyan L. Interactions between Alcohol Consumption and Adjuvant Hormone Therapy in Relation to Breast Cancer-Free Survival. J Breast Cancer 2018; 21:158-164. [PMID: 29963111 PMCID: PMC6015986 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2018.21.2.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Alcohol consumption is associated with an increase in breast cancer risk, but findings on the association of alcohol with survival after breast cancer diagnosis have been inconsistent. Further, whether these associations could differ by adjuvant hormone therapy status is unknown. We examined interactions between alcohol consumption and adjuvant hormone therapy in relation to breast cancer-free survival among women with a primary breast cancer diagnosis. Methods Participants in this study included 1,399 women diagnosed with primary breast cancer between 2007 and 2012 at the Moffitt Cancer Center. Alcohol consumption during the year preceding diagnosis was assessed in a patient survey. Information on tumor characteristics, breast cancer treatment and outcomes was available from the Moffitt Cancer Registry. Associations were examined using Cox proportional hazards models in stratified analyses by adjuvant hormone therapy status, after adjustment for potential confounders. Results Overall, alcohol consumption was associated with significantly improved breast cancer-free survival (any vs. none: hazard ratio [HR], 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65–0.92). Among women without adjuvant hormone therapy, alcohol consumption was associated with better survival in heavy drinkers (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.43–0.93). Among women with adjuvant hormone therapy, survival was better in women consuming alcohol as compared to nondrinkers (moderate: HR, 0.69, 95% CI, 0.51–0.93; heavy: HR, 0.74, 95% CI, 0.57–0.96; any: HR, 0.71, 95% CI, 0.57–0.87). There was no significant interaction between alcohol and adjuvant hormone therapy (p-interaction=0.54 for alcohol modeled as none or any and p=0.34 for alcohol modeled as none, moderate, and heavy). Conclusion Associations of alcohol consumption with breast cancer-free survival are similar in women with and without adjuvant hormone therapy. Future studies are warranted to elucidate potential mechanisms underlying the observed inverse associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison Kowalski
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Catherine Woodstock Striley
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Deepthi Satheesa Varma
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Kathleen Marie Egan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, USA
| | - Lusine Yaghjyan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Miller ER, Wilson C, Chapman J, Flight I, Nguyen AM, Fletcher C, Ramsey I. Connecting the dots between breast cancer, obesity and alcohol consumption in middle-aged women: ecological and case control studies. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:460. [PMID: 29625601 PMCID: PMC5889566 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5357-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) incidence in Australian women aged 45 to 64 years (‘middle-aged’) has tripled in the past 50 years, along with increasing alcohol consumption and obesity in middle-age women. Alcohol and obesity have been individually associated with BC but little is known about how these factors might interact. Chronic psychological stress has been associated with, but not causally linked to, BC. Here, alcohol could represent the ‘missing link’ – reflecting self-medication. Using an exploratory cross-sectional design, we investigated inter-correlations of alcohol intake and overweight/obesity and their association with BC incidence in middle-aged women. We also explored the role of stress and various lifestyle factors in these relationships. Methods We analysed population data on BC incidence, alcohol consumption, overweight/obesity, and psychological stress. A case control study was conducted using an online survey. Cases (n = 80) were diagnosed with BC and controls (n = 235) were women in the same age range with no BC history. Participants reported lifestyle data (including alcohol consumption, weight history) over consecutive 10-year life periods. Data were analysed using a range of bivariate and multivariate techniques including correlation matrices, multivariate binomial regressions and multilevel logistic regression. Results Ecological inter-correlations were found between BC and alcohol consumption and between BC and obesity but not between other variables in the matrix. Strong pairwise correlations were found between stress and alcohol and between stress and obesity. BMI tended to be higher in cases relative to controls across reported life history. Alcohol consumption was not associated with case-control status. Few correlations were found between lifestyle factors and stress, although smoking and alcohol consumption were correlated in some periods. Obesity occurring during the ages of 31 to 40 years emerged as an independent predictor of BC (OR 3.5 95% CI: 1.3–9.4). Conclusions This study provides ecological evidence correlating obesity and alcohol consumption with BC incidence. Case-control findings suggest lifetime BMI may be important with particular risk associated with obesity prior to 40 years of age. Stress was ecologically linked to alcohol and obesity but not to BC incidence and was differentially correlated with alcohol and smoking among cases and controls. Our findings support prevention efforts targeting weight in women below 40 years of age and, potentially, lifelong alcohol consumption to reduce BC risk in middle-aged women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E R Miller
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - C Wilson
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University , Adelaide, Australia.,Cancer Council of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - J Chapman
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University , Adelaide, Australia
| | - I Flight
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University , Adelaide, Australia
| | - A-M Nguyen
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - C Fletcher
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University , Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ij Ramsey
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University , Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Machado ÍE, Monteiro MG, Monteiro RA, Lana FCF, Gawryszewski VP, Malta DC. Trends in mortality rates where alcohol was a necessary cause of death in Brazil, 2000-2013. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2018; 42:e9. [PMID: 31093038 PMCID: PMC6386057 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2018.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze trends in mortality due to diseases and conditions fully attributable to alcohol in Brazil. METHODS This was an ecological time-series study. Proportional, specific, and age-standardized mortality rates between 2000 and 2013 that were due to underlying or contributing causes fully attributable to alcohol use were analyzed by sex, ethnicity/skin color, age group, and region of residence in the country. Data on deaths were obtained from the Brazilian Mortality Information System (SIM). Prais-Winsten regression was used to analyze trends. RESULTS Deaths with underlying causes and/or conditions contributing to death fully attributable to alcohol accounted for 2.5% of total deaths in the period. There were more deaths among men (3.8%) than among women (0.7%). In both sexes, there was a higher proportion of deaths in those 40-49 years old (27.9%) and those of black or pardo (mixed race) skin color (48.8%). Between 2000 and 2013, there was an upward trend in specific mortality rates attributable to alcohol in the country as a whole (average annual growth rate (AAGR) = 5.59%; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.55%-7.68%), especially in people aged less than 20 years old, in pardos (AAGR = 13.42%; 95% CI = 9.70%-17.25%), and in residents of the North region (AAGR = 17.01%; 95% CI = 14.94%-19.13%), the Northeast region (AAGR = 15.49%; 95% CI = 10.61%-20.58%), and the Midwest region (AAGR = 8.40%; 95% CI = 5.57%-11.32%). CONCLUSION Alcohol is an important and growing cause of premature death in Brazil, especially among men, black/pardo people, and the population living in the most disadvantaged regions. This overall increase in the harmful use of alcohol reflects ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities in Brazil, and it also points to the need for population-based policies to reduce the impact of morbidity and to prevent early mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ísis Eloah Machado
- Nursing Postgraduate Program, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maristela Goldnadel Monteiro
- Mental Health and Substance Use Unit, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Rosane Aparecida Monteiro
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Carlos Félix Lana
- Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vilma Pinheiro Gawryszewski
- Health Information and Analysis Unit, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Deborah Carvalho Malta
- Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Grashow RG, De La Rosa VY, Watford SM, Ackerman JM, Rudel RA. BCScreen: A gene panel to test for breast carcinogenesis in chemical safety screening. COMPUTATIONAL TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 5:16-24. [PMID: 31218268 PMCID: PMC6583811 DOI: 10.1016/j.comtox.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Targeted gene lists have been used in clinical settings to specify breast tumor type, and to predict breast cancer prognosis and response to treatment. Separately, panels have been curated to predict systemic toxicity and xenoestrogen activity as a part of chemical screening strategies. However, currently available panels do not specifically target biological processes relevant to breast development and carcinogenesis. We have developed a gene panel called the Breast Carcinogen Screen (BCScreen) as a tool to identify potential breast carcinogens and characterize mechanisms of toxicity. First, we used four seminal reviews to identify 14 key characteristics of breast carcinogenesis, such as apoptosis, immunomodulation, and genotoxicity. Then, using a hybrid data and knowledge-driven framework, we systematically combined information from whole transcriptome data from genomic databases, biomedical literature, the CTD chemical-gene interaction database, and primary literature review to generate a panel of 500 genes relevant to breast carcinogenesis. We used normalized pointwise mutual information (NPMI) to rank genes that frequently co-occurred with key characteristics in biomedical literature. We found that many genes identified for BCScreen were not included in prognostic breast cancer or systemic toxicity panels. For example, more than half of BCScreen genes were not included in the Tox21 S1500+ general toxicity gene list. Of the 230 that did overlap between the two panels, representation varied across characteristics of carcinogenesis ranging from 21% for genes associated with epigenetics to 82% for genes associated with xenobiotic metabolism. Enrichment analysis of BCScreen identified pathways and processes including response to steroid hormones, cancer, cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA damage and breast cancer. The biologically-based systematic approach to gene prioritization demonstrated here provides a flexible framework for creating disease-focused gene panels to support discovery related to etiology. With validation, BCScreen may also be useful for toxicological screening relevant to breast carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel G. Grashow
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Newton, MA 02460, United States
| | - Vanessa Y. De La Rosa
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Newton, MA 02460, United States
- Social Science Environmental Health Research Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sean M. Watford
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Janet M. Ackerman
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Newton, MA 02460, United States
| | - Ruthann A. Rudel
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Newton, MA 02460, United States
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Allemani C, Berrino F, Krogh V, Sieri S, Pupa SM, Tagliabue E, Tagliabue G, Sant M. Do Pre-Diagnostic Drinking Habits Influence Breast Cancer Survival? TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 97:142-8. [DOI: 10.1177/030089161109700202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims and background Alcohol consumption increases the risk of developing breast cancer and may also be associated with late diagnosis, recurrence, distant metastases and death. Many studies have examined the role of alcohol as a risk factor for the development of breast cancer, but very few studies have addressed the role of alcohol as a prognostic factor for survival among women diagnosed with breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the survival of women with breast cancer in relation to pre-diagnostic alcohol intake and other factors known to influence prognosis. Methods We analyzed data for 264 women in the EUROCARE and ORDET studies who were diagnosed with breast cancer from 1987 up to 31 December 2001 and for whom information was available on follow-up, stage at diagnosis, HER-2 and hormone receptor status, and pre-diagnostic dietary alcohol intake, categorized as zero (0 g/day, non-drinkers), moderate (up to 13 g/day, about 1 serving) and high (>13 g/day). Ten-year relative survival was estimated using the maximum-likelihood approach. The excess risk of death within 10 years of diagnosis was modeled by level of alcohol intake, adjusting separately for age, stage, body mass index and tumor subtype. Results Ten-year relative survival was lowerin women who drank more than 13g/day (65%; 95% CI, 47–78) than in non-drinkers (88%; 95% CI, 75–95). The excess risk of death within 10 years was significantly higher in women who drank more than 13 g/day than non-drinkers (relative excess risk, 4.13; 95% CI, 1.69–10.10) and was not altered by adjustment for other prognostic factors. The excess risk within 10 years was higher for women with a body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or higher (relative excess risk, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.01–4.70) and higher for those with more advanced disease. Conclusions Women who drank more than 13 g alcohol per day had lower survival than non-drinkers. The excess risk of death within 10 years of diagnosis was unaffected by other known risk factors. High alcohol consumption may be an adverse prognostic factor for breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Allemani
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Analytical Epidemiology Unit, Milan
| | - Franco Berrino
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Unit of Etiological Epidemiology and Prevention, Milan
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Milan
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Milan
| | - Serenella M Pupa
- Laboratories and Department of Experimental Oncology, Molecular Biology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Laboratories and Department of Experimental Oncology, Molecular Biology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan
| | - Giovanna Tagliabue
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Lombardy Cancer Registry, Varese Province, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Sant
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Analytical Epidemiology Unit, Milan
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Ethanol potentiates the genotoxicity of the food-derived mammary carcinogen PhIP in human estrogen receptor-positive mammary cells: mechanistic support for lifestyle factors (cooked red meat and ethanol) associated with mammary cancer. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:1639-1655. [PMID: 29362861 PMCID: PMC5882637 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of cooked/processed meat and ethanol are lifestyle risk factors in the aetiology of breast cancer. Cooking meat generates heterocyclic amines such as 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP). Epidemiology, mechanistic and animal studies indicate that PhIP is a mammary carcinogen that could be causally linked to breast cancer incidence; PhIP is DNA damaging, mutagenic and oestrogenic. PhIP toxicity involves cytochrome P450 (CYP1 family)-mediated metabolic activation to DNA-damaging species, and transcriptional responses through Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and estrogen-receptor-α (ER-α). Ethanol consumption is a modifiable lifestyle factor strongly associated with breast cancer risk. Ethanol toxicity involves alcohol dehydrogenase metabolism to reactive acetaldehyde, and is also a substrate for CYP2E1, which when uncoupled generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage. Here, using human mammary cells that differ in estrogen-receptor status, we explore genotoxicity of PhIP and ethanol and mechanisms behind this toxicity. Treatment with PhIP (10-7-10-4 M) significantly induced genotoxicity (micronuclei formation) preferentially in ER-α positive human mammary cell lines (MCF-7, ER-α+) compared to MDA-MB-231 (ER-α-) cells. PhIP-induced CYP1A2 in both cell lines but CYP1B1 was selectively induced in ER-α(+) cells. ER-α inhibition in MCF-7 cells attenuated PhIP-mediated micronuclei formation and CYP1B1 induction. PhIP-induced CYP2E1 and ROS via ER-α-STAT-3 pathway, but only in ER-α (+) MCF-7 cells. Importantly, simultaneous treatments of physiological concentrations ethanol (10-3-10-1 M) with PhIP (10-7-10-4 M) increased oxidative stress and genotoxicity in MCF-7 cells, compared to the individual chemicals. Collectively, these data offer a mechanistic basis for the increased risk of breast cancer associated with dietary cooked meat and ethanol lifestyle choices.
Collapse
|
66
|
Bengtsdotter H, Lundin C, Gemzell Danielsson K, Bixo M, Baumgart J, Marions L, Brynhildsen J, Malmborg A, Lindh I, Sundström Poromaa I. Ongoing or previous mental disorders predispose to adverse mood reporting during combined oral contraceptive use. EUR J CONTRACEP REPR 2018; 23:45-51. [DOI: 10.1080/13625187.2017.1422239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Bengtsdotter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Lundin
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kristina Gemzell Danielsson
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Bixo
- Department of Clinical Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Juliane Baumgart
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Lena Marions
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Brynhildsen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Agota Malmborg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ingela Lindh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
67
|
Yi Y, Lei J, Shi G, Chen S, Zhang Y, Hong Z, He Z, Zhong S. The Effects of Liquor Spirits on RNA Pol III Genes and Cell Growth of Human Cancer Lines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2018.93016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
68
|
Liu Y, Tamimi RM, Colditz GA, Bertrand KA. Alcohol consumption across the life course and mammographic density in premenopausal women. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 167:529-535. [PMID: 28952004 PMCID: PMC5792299 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4517-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Consumption of alcoholic beverages during adolescence and early adulthood has been consistently associated with higher breast cancer risk. The influence of alcohol consumption early in life on mammographic breast density, a marker of breast cancer risk, is inconclusive. This study examined associations of alcohol consumption across the life course with premenopausal mammographic density. METHODS The study population included 1211 premenopausal women in the Nurses' Health Study II without cancer, who recalled their alcohol consumption at age 15 through enrollment in 1989 (baseline), and had mammograms available. Recent alcohol consumption was updated over follow-up. Percent and absolute measures of mammographic density were quantified on digitized film mammograms. Generalized linear regression was used to assess associations. RESULTS There were no notable differences in any of the three density measures for alcohol consumption at any age (15-17, 18-22, 23-30, and 31-mammogram). Neither alcohol consumption before first pregnancy nor after first pregnancy was significantly associated with any of the three density measures. CONCLUSIONS Moderate alcohol consumption during different age intervals during adolescence and early adulthood was not associated with mammographic density in premenopausal women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rulla M Tamimi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Graham A Colditz
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kimberly A Bertrand
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, 72 East Concord Street, L-7, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Zeinomar N, Thai A, Cloud AJ, McDonald JA, Liao Y, Terry MB. Alcohol consumption and breast cancer-specific and all-cause mortality in women diagnosed with breast cancer at the New York site of the Breast Cancer Family Registry. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189118. [PMID: 29244822 PMCID: PMC5731703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Alcohol consumption is an established and important risk factor for breast cancer incidence in the general population. However, the relationship between alcohol and mortality among women with breast cancer is less clear. This study examines the effect of alcohol consumption on mortality in women affected with breast cancer at baseline from a high-risk family breast and ovarian cancer registry. Methods We studied 1116 women affected with breast cancer at baseline from the Metropolitan New York Registry. The examined reported alcohol consumption (total of beer, wine, liquor) was defined as the average number of drinks per week reported from age 12 to age at baseline. We assessed vital status of each participant using participant or family reported data and we used the National Death Index to supplement deaths reported through family updates. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the association between alcohol intake and overall mortality (HRO), breast cancer-specific mortality (HRBC), and non-breast cancer mortality (HRNBC), adjusted for confounders. Results After a mean follow-up of 9.1 years, we observed 211 total deaths and 58 breast cancer deaths. Compared to non-drinkers, we found that both low and moderate to heavy levels of alcohol intake were not associated with greater overall mortality (≤3 drinks/week: HRO: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.38–1.14); > 3 drinks/week: HRO: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.85–1.58), breast cancer–specific mortality (≤ 3 drinks/week: HRBC:0.62, 95% CI: 0.19–2.03; >3 drinks/week: HR BC: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.49–1.89), or non-breast cancer-specific mortality (≤3 drinks/week: HR NBC: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.32–1.6; >3 drinks/week: HRNBC: 1.18, 95% CI: 0.75–1.86). Conclusions Alcohol intake reported from age 12 to age at baseline was not associated with overall or breast cancer-specific mortality in this cohort of affected women with a family history of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Zeinomar
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ashley Thai
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Ann J. Cloud
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Jasmine A. McDonald
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Yuyan Liao
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Fang Z, Yi Y, Shi G, Li S, Chen S, Lin Y, Li Z, He Z, Li W, Zhong S. Role of Brf1 interaction with ERα, and significance of its overexpression, in human breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:1752-1767. [PMID: 28972307 PMCID: PMC5709663 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
TFIIB-related factor 1 (Brf1) modulates the transcription of RNA Pol III genes (polymerase-dependent genes). Upregulation of Pol III genes enhances tRNA and 5S RNA production and increases the translational capacity of cells to promote cell transformation and tumor development. However, the significance of Brf1 overexpression in human breast cancer (HBC) remains to be investigated. Here, we investigate whether Brf1 expression is increased in the samples of HBC, and we explore its molecular mechanism and the significance of Brf1 expression in HBC. Two hundred and eighteen samples of HBC were collected to determine Brf1 expression by cytological and molecular biological approaches. We utilized colocalization, coimmunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation methods to explore the interaction of Brf1 with estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). We determined how Brf1 and ERα modulate Pol III genes. The results indicated that Brf1 is overexpressed in most cases of HBC, which is associated with an ER-positive status. The survival period of the cases with high Brf1 expression is significantly longer than those with low levels of Brf1 after hormone treatment. ERα mediates Brf1 expression. Brf1 and ERα are colocalized in the nucleus. These results indicate an interaction between Brf1 and ERα, which synergistically regulates the transcription of Pol III genes. Inhibition of ERα by its siRNA or tamoxifen reduces cellular levels of Brf1 and Pol III gene expression and decreases the rate of colony formation of breast cancer cells. Together, these studies demonstrate that Brf1 is a good biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HBC. This interaction of Brf1 with ERα and Brf1 itself are potential therapeutic targets for this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Fang
- Laboratory of General SurgeryFirst Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yunfeng Yi
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryXiamen University Affiliated Southeast HospitalZhangzhouChina
| | - Ganggang Shi
- Department of PharmacologyShantou University Medical CollegeChina
| | - Songqi Li
- Laboratory of General SurgeryFirst Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Songlin Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryXiamen University Affiliated Southeast HospitalZhangzhouChina
| | - Ying Lin
- Laboratory of General SurgeryFirst Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhi Li
- Laboratory of General SurgeryFirst Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhimin He
- Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wen Li
- Laboratory of General SurgeryFirst Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shuping Zhong
- Department of PharmacologyShantou University Medical CollegeChina
- Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular MedicineKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngeleCAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Xia Z, Baumgartner KB, Baumgartner RN, Boone SD, Hines LM, John EM, Wolff R, Slattery ML, Connor AE. Associations between ALDH1A1 polymorphisms, alcohol consumption, and mortality among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women diagnosed with breast cancer: the Breast Cancer Health Disparities Study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 168:443-455. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4600-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
72
|
Ethanol Induces Enhanced Vascularization Bioactivity of Endothelial Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles via Regulation of MicroRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13794. [PMID: 29062004 PMCID: PMC5653762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14356-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, have been identified as regulators of vascular remodeling and have promise as therapeutics for vascularization applications. Towards development of EVs as therapeutics, it has been demonstrated that physiological stimuli of angiogenic phenotypes in EV-producing cells can enhance the potency of EVs for vascularization. The goal of this study was to assess whether ethanol, which induces angiogenic phenotypes in endothelial cells, could be employed to enhance endothelial-derived EV vascularization bioactivity. The results indicate that ethanol conditioning of endothelial cells increases the ability of endothelial EVs to induce a pro-vascularization response. This response is due in part to increased CD34 expression in recipient endothelial cells that may result from downregulation of microRNA-106b in EVs isolated from ethanol-conditioned producer endothelial cells. Further, ethanol-induced upregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) HOTAIR and MALAT1 in endothelial EVs was observed to play a significant role in mediating pro-angiogenic effects of these vesicles. Overall, these studies validate ethanol conditioning as a method to enhance the bioactivity of endothelial EVs via regulation of EV-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) and, especially, lncRNAs. Further, the results suggest that alcohol consumption may activate endothelial EVs towards a pro-vascularization phenotype, which could have implications for alcohol-induced tumor angiogenesis.
Collapse
|
73
|
Jacobsen KK, Lynge E, Tjønneland A, Vejborg I, von Euler-Chelpin M, Andersen ZJ. Alcohol consumption and mammographic density in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort. Cancer Causes Control 2017; 28:1429-1439. [PMID: 28965165 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-017-0970-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined the association between alcohol consumption and mammographic density (MD) considering in detail the time of exposure and the type of alcohol. METHODS Of 5,356 women (4,489 post-menopausal) from the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort (1993-1997) who attended mammographic screening in Copenhagen (1993-2001), we used MD (mixed/dense or fatty) assessed at the first screening after cohort entry. Alcohol consumption was assessed at the time of recruitment. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations [odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI)] between alcohol consumption and MD. RESULTS The mean age was 56.2 years, 56.5% of women had mixed/dense MD, and 91.8% were alcohol consumers. There was no association between current alcohol consumption and MD at baseline (age 50-65, on average 1 year before MD assessment) neither between age at drinking initiation and MD, in the fully adjusted model. There was a borderline statistically significantly increased OR of having mixed/dense MD in women who consumed > 7 drinks/week at age 20-29 (1.31, 95% CI 1.00-1.72) compared to non-drinkers in this age group, and no effect of drinking at age 30-39, 40-49 or after > 50 years, when adjusting for current drinking. However, when considering different types of alcohol, drinking spirits at age 20-29 was positively associated with mixed/dense breast (3-7 drinks/week: OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.12-2.72); >7 drinks/week: (OR 1.76, 95% CI 0.73-4.23). No consistent pattern was found with beer, wine, or fortified wine. CONCLUSIONS We found higher MD among women with high alcohol consumption in early adulthood (ages 20-29), in those drinking spirits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Kemp Jacobsen
- Department of Technology, Faculty of Health and Technology, Metropolitan University College, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Elsebeth Lynge
- Centre for Epidemiology and Screening, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ilse Vejborg
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - My von Euler-Chelpin
- Centre for Epidemiology and Screening, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zorana J Andersen
- Centre for Epidemiology and Screening, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Yi Y, Huang C, Zhang Y, Tian S, Lei J, Chen S, Shi G, Wu Z, Xia N, Zhong S. Exploring a common mechanism of alcohol-induced deregulation of RNA Pol III genes in liver and breast cells. Gene 2017; 626:309-318. [PMID: 28552569 PMCID: PMC5521807 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol intake is associated with numbers of different human cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. RNA polymerase III-dependent genes (Pol III genes) deregulation elevates cellular production of tRNAs and 5S rRNA, resulting in an increase in translational capacity, which promote cell transformation and tumor formation. To explore a common mechanism of alcohol-associated human cancers, we have comparably analyzed that alcohol causes deregulation of Pol III genes in liver and breast cells. Our results reveal that alcohol enhances RNA Pol III gene transcription in both liver and breast cells. The induction of Pol III genes caused by alcohol in ER+ breast cancer lines or liver tumor lines are significantly higher than in their non-tumor cell lines. Alcohol increases cellular levels of Brf1 mRNA and protein, (which depeted) Brf1 is a key transcription factor and specifically regulate Pol III gene activity. Alcohol activates JNK1 to upregulate transcription of Brf1 and Pol III genes, whereas inhibition of JNK1 by SP600125 or its siRNA significantly decreases the induction of these genes. Furthermore, alcohol increases the rates of transformation of liver and breast cells, repressed JNK1 and Brf1 expression decrease transcription of Pol III genes and reduce the rates of colony formation of AML-12 and MCF-10 cells. Together, these studies support the idea that alcohol induces deregulation of Brf1 and RNA Pol III genes in liver and breast cells, which share a common signaling pathway to promote cell transformation. Through the common mechanism, alcohol-induced deregulation of RNA Pol III genes brings about greater phenotypic changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Yi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xiamen University Affiliated Southeast Hospital, China
| | - Chenghao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, China
| | - Suke Tian
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xiamen University Affiliated Southeast Hospital, China
| | - Junxia Lei
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - Songlin Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xiamen University Affiliated Southeast Hospital, China
| | - Ganggang Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, China
| | - Zhongdao Wu
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China
| | - Shuping Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, China; Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Abstract
Benign breast disease is a spectrum of common disorders. The majority of patients with a clinical breast lesion will have benign process. Management involves symptom control when present, pathologic-based and imaging-based evaluation to distinguish from a malignant process, and counseling for patients that have an increased breast cancer risk due to the benign disorder.
Collapse
|
76
|
Abstract
Between the years 2010 and 2012, the lifetime probability of developing female breast cancer was 12.3%, or approximately 1 in 8. Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Survival is increasing. Between 2005 and 2011, the 5-year relative survival was found to be 89%. This is thought to be due to both the increase in utilization of population-wide screening, as well as advances in treatment. Less than 10% of breast cancers can be attributed to an inherited genetic mutation. Breast cancer is more commonly associated with environmental, reproductive, and lifestyle factors, some of which are potentially modifiable.
Collapse
|
77
|
Fernández-Somoano A, Álvarez-Avellón SM, Souto-García A, Vioque J, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Tardón A. Alcohol Consumption and Lung Cancer According to Ile349Val Polymorphism in ADH3 Gene: Beyond the Tobacco Smoking Effect. J Cancer 2017; 8:2296-2302. [PMID: 28819433 PMCID: PMC5560148 DOI: 10.7150/jca.18853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer. However, several studies have suggested other factors such as alcohol consumption could also play a role through polymorphisms associated with alcohol metabolism. We investigated the association between alcohol consumption and lung cancer according to the Ile349Val polymorphism in the alcohol dehydrogenase 3 ADH3 gene. Methods: We carried out a hospital-based case-control study, a total of 402 incident cases of lung cancer and 383 controls were genotyped for the Ile349Val polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction combined with restriction fragment length polymorphism. Alcohol consumption and other variables were measured using questionnaires in personal interviews. We used multiple logistic regressions to estimate adjusted odd ratios using and 95% confidence intervals. Results: In multivariate analysis, an increased risk of lung cancer was observed for the highest category of alcohol consumption (≥30 g/day), although it does not reach statistical significance (OR=1.60, 95% CI: 0.91-2.83). Besides, an increased risk of lung cancer was observed in the highest category of alcohol consumption for the Ile/Val genotype compared with the Ile/Ile genotype (OR=2.35, 95% CI: 1.04-5.33). Conclusions: This study suggests that beyond smoking consumption, a high consumption of alcohol might increase the risk of lung cancer. No clear association was found between alcohol consumption and lung cancer according to the Ile349Val polymorphism in ADH3 gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Fernández-Somoano
- Molecular Epidemiology of Cancer Unit, IUOPA, Universidad de Oviedo. Departamento de Medicina. Oviedo, Asturias, Spain, 33006
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid, Spain, 28029
| | - Sara M Álvarez-Avellón
- Molecular Epidemiology of Cancer Unit, IUOPA, Universidad de Oviedo. Departamento de Medicina. Oviedo, Asturias, Spain, 33006
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid, Spain, 28029
| | - Ana Souto-García
- Molecular Epidemiology of Cancer Unit, IUOPA, Universidad de Oviedo. Departamento de Medicina. Oviedo, Asturias, Spain, 33006
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid, Spain, 28029
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Molecular Epidemiology of Cancer Unit, IUOPA, Universidad de Oviedo. Departamento de Medicina. Oviedo, Asturias, Spain, 33006
- Public Health Department, Miguel Hernández University, Campus San Juan de Alicante. Sant Joan d'Alacant (Alicante), Spain, 03550
| | - Eva M Navarrete-Muñoz
- Molecular Epidemiology of Cancer Unit, IUOPA, Universidad de Oviedo. Departamento de Medicina. Oviedo, Asturias, Spain, 33006
- Public Health Department, Miguel Hernández University, Campus San Juan de Alicante. Sant Joan d'Alacant (Alicante), Spain, 03550
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Molecular Epidemiology of Cancer Unit, IUOPA, Universidad de Oviedo. Departamento de Medicina. Oviedo, Asturias, Spain, 33006
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid, Spain, 28029
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Kopp TI, Vogel U, Dragsted LO, Tjonneland A, Ravn-Haren G. Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the antioxidant genes CAT, GR and SOD1, erythrocyte enzyme activities, dietary and life style factors and breast cancer risk in a Danish, prospective cohort study. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62984-62997. [PMID: 28968965 PMCID: PMC5609897 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to estrogens and alcohol consumption - the two only well-established risk factors for breast cancer - are capable of causing oxidative stress, which has been linked to progression of breast cancer. Here, five functional polymorphisms in the antioxidant genes SOD1, CAT and GSR were investigated in 703 breast cancer case-control pairs in the Danish, prospective “Diet, Cancer and Health” cohort together with gene-environment interactions between the polymorphisms, enzyme activities and intake of fruits and vegetables, alcohol and smoking in relation to breast cancer risk. Our results showed that genetically determined variations in the antioxidant enzyme activities of SOD1, CAT and GSR were not associated with risk of breast cancer per se. However, intake of alcohol, fruit and vegetables, and smoking status interacted with some of the polymorphisms in relation to breast cancer risk. Four polymorphisms were strongly associated with enzyme activity, but there was no interaction between any of the studied environmental factors and the polymorphisms in relation to enzyme activity. Additionally, single measurement of enzyme activity at entry to the cohort was not associated with risk of breast cancer. Our results therefore suggest that the antioxidant enzyme activities studied here are not major determinants of breast cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tine Iskov Kopp
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup, Denmark.,Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søborg, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Gitte Ravn-Haren
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Shi G, Zhong S. Alcohol-associated cancer and deregulation of Pol III genes. Gene 2017; 612:25-28. [PMID: 27697617 PMCID: PMC5374039 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that alcohol intake is associated with human cancers in different organs. However, the molecular mechanism of alcohol-associated human cancers remains to be elucidated. Here, this paper aimed to clarify a novel mechanism of alcohol-promoted cell transformation and tumor development. Alcohol induces JNK1 activation and increases cellular levels of c-Jun to upregulate Brf1 expression and Pol III gene transcription, leading to an enhancement of rates of cell transformation and tumor formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganggang Shi
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuping Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Williams LA, Olshan AF, Hong CC, Bandera EV, Rosenberg L, Cheng TYD, Lunetta KL, McCann SE, Poole C, Kolonel LN, Palmer JR, Ambrosone CB, Troester MA. Alcohol Intake and Breast Cancer Risk in African American Women from the AMBER Consortium. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 26:787-794. [PMID: 28420652 PMCID: PMC5568081 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alcohol is a recognized risk factor for invasive breast cancer, but few studies involve African American women.Methods: The current analysis included 22,338 women (5,108 cases of invasive breast cancer) from the African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk (AMBER) Consortium. The association between number of alcoholic drinks per week (dpw) and breast cancer was estimated using logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders, and stratifying by breast cancer subtype.Results: Approximately 35% of controls were current drinkers at interview. Women who reported current drinking of ≥14 dpw had an elevated risk of breast cancer compared with light drinkers (>0-<4 dpw) [adjusted OR (ORadj), 1.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07-1.64]. We observed elevated risk among women drinking ≥7 dpw for ER - [ORadj, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.00-1.72], PR - [ORadj, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.00-1.63], HER2 - [ORadj, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.09-1.70], and triple-negative [ORadj, 1.39; 95% CI, 0.98-2.00] molecular subtype. Among receptor-positive cases, ORs remained elevated but attenuated relative to receptor-negative cases. Sensitivity analysis of age-defined windows of exposure (<30 years, 30-49, 50+ years of age) did not reveal variation in patterns of association. Risk associated with alcohol intake did not vary significantly by oral contraceptive use, smoking status, or menopausal status.Conclusions: Among African American women, similar to women of European descent, drinking ≥7 alcoholic dpw was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer regardless of subtype.Impact: Alcohol intake is a modifiable risk factor for breast cancer, and reduced intake among African American women should be encouraged. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(5); 787-94. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Chi-Chen Hong
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Lynn Rosenberg
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ting-Yuan David Cheng
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Kathryn L Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Crosstown Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Susan E McCann
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Charles Poole
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Laurence N Kolonel
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Melissa A Troester
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Rosenberger LH, Weber R, Sjoberg D, Vickers AJ, Mangino DA, Morrow M, Pilewskie ML. Impact of self-reported data on the acquisition of multi-generational family history and lifestyle factors among women seen in a high-risk breast screening program: a focus on modifiable risk factors and genetic referral. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 162:275-282. [PMID: 28132390 PMCID: PMC5332545 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phrase "high-risk for breast cancer" is used to identify various groups at elevated cancer risk, and the appropriate surveillance and risk-reducing strategies differ based on the etiology of risk. Here, we review the utility of patient-reported data to capture women with modifiable lifestyle risk factors and those suitable for genetic counseling referral. METHODS Patient-reported data from a web-based survey were used to capture personal history, multi-generational family history, and lifestyle factors (body mass index, alcohol consumption, physical activity). Responses were tabulated, and percentage of patients who met criteria for possible intervention calculated. RESULTS 1277 women completed the survey from October 2014 to December 2015. Women were considered high risk for a combination of the following: family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer (77%), history of atypical hyperplasia or lobular carcinoma in situ (35%), known breast cancer-related gene mutation (11%). Based on self-reported data, 65% qualified for genetic evaluation but 40% reporting no prior testing. Only half of the population met national physical activity recommendations, nearly 40% were overweight/obese, and 18% reported consuming ≥1 alcoholic beverage per day. CONCLUSIONS Among women followed in a high-risk breast surveillance program, there is considerable opportunity for improved genetic referral and awareness of modifiable lifestyle factors based on self-reported data as 60% of respondents reported a possible area for intervention. While risk reduction associated with lifestyle changes is modest in comparison to chemoprevention or surgery, such changes are practically without risk, minimally expensive, and provide innumerable secondary health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura H. Rosenberger
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065,
| | - Ryan Weber
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065,
| | - Daniel Sjoberg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065,
| | - Andrew J. Vickers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065,
| | - Debra A. Mangino
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065,
| | - Monica Morrow
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065,
| | - Melissa L. Pilewskie
- Breast Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065,
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Chen JY, Zhu HC, Guo Q, Shu Z, Bao XH, Sun F, Qin Q, Yang X, Zhang C, Cheng HY, Sun XC. Dose-Dependent Associations between Wine Drinking and Breast Cancer Risk - Meta-Analysis Findings. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 17:1221-33. [PMID: 27039752 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.3.1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate any potential association between wine and breast cancer risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS We quantitatively assessed associations by conducting a meta-analysis based on evidence from observational studies. In May 2014, we performed electronic searches in PubMed, EmBase and the Cochrane Library to identify studies examining the effect of wine drinking on breast cancer incidence. The relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) were used to measure any such association. RESULTS The analysis was further stratified by confounding factors that could influence the results. A total of twenty-six studies (eight case-control and eighteen cohort studies) involving 21,149 cases were included in our meta-analysis. Our study demonstrated that wine drinking was associated with breast cancer risk. A 36% increase in breast cancer risk was observed across overall studies based on the highest versus lowest model, with a combined RR of 1.0059 (95%CI 0.97-1.05) in dose-response analysis. However, 5 g/d ethanol from wine seemed to have protective value from our non-linear model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that wine drinking is associated with breast cancer risk in a dose-dependent manner. High consumption of wine contributes to breast cancer risk with protection exerted by low doses. Further investigations are needed for clarification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China E-mail :
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
83
|
Babor TF, Robaina K, Noel JK, Ritson EB. Vulnerability to alcohol-related problems: a policy brief with implications for the regulation of alcohol marketing. Addiction 2017; 112 Suppl 1:94-101. [PMID: 27922203 DOI: 10.1111/add.13626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The concern that alcohol advertising can have detrimental effects on vulnerable viewers has prompted the development of codes of responsible advertising practices. This paper evaluates critically the concept of vulnerability as it applies to (1) susceptibility to alcohol-related harm and (2) susceptibility to the effects of marketing, and describes its implications for the regulation of alcohol marketing. METHOD We describe the findings of key published studies, review papers and expert reports to determine whether these two types of vulnerability apply to population groups defined by (1) age and developmental history; (2) personality characteristics; (3) family history of alcoholism; (4) female sex and pregnancy risk; and (5) history of alcohol dependence and recovery status. RESULTS Developmental theory and research suggest that groups defined by younger age, incomplete neurocognitive development and a history of alcohol dependence may be particularly vulnerable because of the disproportionate harm they experience from alcohol and their increased susceptibility to alcohol marketing. Children may be more susceptible to media imagery because they do not have the ability to compensate for biases in advertising portrayals and glamorized media imagery. CONCLUSION Young people and people with a history of alcohol dependence appear to be especially vulnerable to alcohol marketing, warranting the development of new content and exposure guidelines focused on protecting those groups to improve current self-regulation codes promoted by the alcohol industry. If adequate protections cannot be implemented through this mechanism, statutory regulations should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Babor
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Katherine Robaina
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Jonathan K Noel
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - E Bruce Ritson
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Atashgaran V, Wrin J, Barry SC, Dasari P, Ingman WV. Dissecting the Biology of Menstrual Cycle-Associated Breast Cancer Risk. Front Oncol 2016; 6:267. [PMID: 28083513 PMCID: PMC5183603 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluctuations in circulating estrogen and progesterone across the menstrual cycle lead to increased breast cancer susceptibility in women; however, the biological basis for this increased risk is not well understood. Estrogen and progesterone have important roles in normal mammary gland development, where they direct dynamic interactions among the hormonally regulated mammary epithelial, stromal, and immune cell compartments. The continuous fluctuations of estrogen and progesterone over a woman’s reproductive lifetime affect the turnover of mammary epithelium, stem cells, and the extracellular matrix, as well as regulate the phenotype and function of mammary stromal and immune cells, including macrophages and regulatory T cells. Collectively, these events may result in genome instability, increase the chance of random genetic mutations, dampen immune surveillance, and promote tolerance in the mammary gland, and thereby increase the risk of breast cancer initiation. This article reviews the current status of our understanding of the molecular and the cellular changes that occur in the mammary gland across the menstrual cycle and how continuous menstrual cycling may increase breast cancer susceptibility in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Atashgaran
- Discipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Joseph Wrin
- Discipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Simon Charles Barry
- The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Discipline of Pediatrics, University of Adelaide, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Pallave Dasari
- Discipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Wendy V Ingman
- Discipline of Surgery, School of Medicine, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; The Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Couvertier-Lebron CE, Dove R, Acevedo SF. What You Do Not Know Could Hurt You: What Women Wish Their Doctors Had Told Them About Chemotherapy Side Effects on Memory and Response to Alcohol. Breast Cancer (Auckl) 2016; 10:229-238. [PMID: 28050129 PMCID: PMC5175587 DOI: 10.4137/bcbcr.s38389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
For many patients, a cancer diagnosis is followed by chemotherapy treatment, which works by attacking cells that are growing and dividing throughout the body. Although cancer cells grow and divide more quickly than healthy cells, both are targets. The loss of healthy cells is associated with side effects, such as memory loss and altered response to a variety of food and drugs. In this pilot study, we use the "Survey of female cancer treatments, effects on memory and alcohol awareness" to explore trends in female experience and awareness of side effects associated with chemotherapy. We examined 79 female cancer patients, 46 Spanish-speaking women in Puerto Rico and 33 English-speaking women in the continental United States, and compared the rates of a reported memory loss or an altered ethanol response following chemotherapy, whether or not potential side effects were discussed with a medical professional, and whether they experienced changes in alcohol consumption after treatment. A majority of participants reported having experienced short-term memory loss postchemotherapy. Changes in response to alcohol and an altered sensitivity to alcohol were also reported by 25%-47% of the respondents. Additionally, more than half of all female cancer patients reported that they wished they would have received information on the side effects of chemotherapy and secondary medications prior to treatment. The survey results suggest that medical professionals are not adequately informing women of common, potentially harmful side effects of chemotherapy. Women do wish to be more educated about potential side effects related to memory and alcohol and be given the opportunity to discuss potential outcomes with a medical professional prior to treatment to reduce the negative impact of treatment-related side effects on posttreatment quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel Dove
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Summer F. Acevedo
- Instructor, Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Fazzino TL, Fleming K, Befort C. Alcohol Intake Among Breast Cancer Survivors: Change in Alcohol Use During a Weight Management Intervention. JMIR Cancer 2016; 2:e15. [PMID: 28410181 PMCID: PMC5367843 DOI: 10.2196/cancer.6295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Daily alcohol intake in quantities as small as half a drink/day significantly increases the risk of breast cancer recurrence for postmenopausal survivors. Interventions designed to modify alcohol use among survivors have not been studied; however, lifestyle interventions that target change in dietary intake may affect alcohol intake. Objective To evaluate change in alcohol use during a weight loss intervention for obese, rural-dwelling breast cancer survivors. Methods Data were derived from an 18-month trial that included a 6-month weight loss intervention delivered via group conference calls, followed by a 12-month randomized weight loss maintenance phase in which participants received continued group calls or mailed newsletters. Participants who reported regular alcohol use at baseline (N=37) were included in this study. Results Mean daily alcohol intake significantly decreased from baseline to 6 months during the weight loss intervention (19.6-2.3 g; P=.001). Mean alcohol intake did not significantly increase (b=0.99, P=.12) during the weight loss maintenance phase (months 6-18) and did not depend on randomization group (b=0.32, P=.799). Conclusions Findings provide preliminary evidence that a weight loss intervention may address obesity and alcohol use risk factors for cancer recurrence. Minimal mail-based contact post weight loss can maintain alcohol use reductions through 18 months, suggesting durability in these effects. These results highlight a possibility that lifestyle interventions for survivors may modify health behaviors that are not the main foci of an intervention but that coincide with intervention goals. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01441011; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01441011 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6lsJ9dMa9)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tera L Fazzino
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Kimberly Fleming
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Christie Befort
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Cauchi JP, Camilleri L, Scerri C. Environmental and lifestyle risk factors of breast cancer in Malta-a retrospective case-control study. EPMA J 2016; 7:20. [PMID: 27679672 PMCID: PMC5029064 DOI: 10.1186/s13167-016-0069-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM AND BACKGROUND Environmental exposures are known to play a role in the development of cancer, including breast cancer. There are known associations of breast cancer with environmental factors such as sunlight exposure, diet and exercise and alcohol consumption as well as physiological factors. This study examines the prevalence of risk factors for breast cancer related to dietary intake, environment and lifestyle in the female population of Malta. Malta has had little research in this area, and therefore an exploratory study was carried out. METHODS A retrospective case-control design was applied. Two hundred cases and 403 controls were included. Both cases and controls were subjects without a known family history for breast cancer. Controls were age-matched to cases in an age-decade category roughly at a 2:1 ratio. Interviews were carried out face-to-face using a questionnaire designed by Maltese and Sicilian researchers, encompassing various factors including diet, lifestyle, physiological factors and medical history. Breast cancer risk was then analysed using both univariate and multivariate analyses. For factors having a metric scale, the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare mean scores, while for categorical factors, the chi-square test was used to compare percentages between the case and control groups. Statistical modelling was carried out using binary logistic regression to relate the likelihood of breast cancer to over 50 risk/protective factors analysed collectively. RESULTS Univariate analysis showed around 20 parameters of interest, 14 of which were statistically significant at a 0.05 level of significance. Logistic regression analysis identified 11 predictors of interest that were statistically significant. Tomato, coffee and canned meat consumption were associated with lower likelihood of breast cancer (OR = 0.988, 0.901, 0.892, respectively), whereas beans and cabbage consumption and low sodium salt were positively associated with breast cancer (OR = 1.045, 1.834, 1.028, respectively). Premenopausal status was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer compared to postmenopausal status (OR = 0.067). Not having experienced myocardial infarction was associated with lower odds of breast cancer (OR = 0.331). Increased height was also found to have a strong association with risk of breast cancer, with the odds of having breast cancer increasing for every centimetre increase in height (OR = 1.048). In terms of quantity, odds of having breast cancer were lower in those exposed to sunlight (OR = 0.891). The odds of having breast cancer were also lower in those not using the oral contraceptive pill (OR = 0.454). CONCLUSIONS Various factors in this exploratory study were found to be associated with development of breast cancer. While causal conclusions cannot be made, tomato consumption is of particular interest, as these results corroborate findings found in other studies. A negative association of breast cancer with sunlight exposure and oral contraceptive pill use corroborates findings in other studies. Other associations with dietary intake can be explained by dietary changes. More robust studies in this area, including possible longitudinal studies, are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Paul Cauchi
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Malta, Room 111, Msida, MSD 2080 Malta
| | - Liberato Camilleri
- Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Room 509, Maths and Physics Building, Msida, Malta
| | - Christian Scerri
- Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Abstract
High income, high socioeconomic status, and affluence increase breast cancer incidence. Socioeconomic status in USA breast cancer studies has been assessed by block-group socioeconomic measures. A block group is a portion of a census tract with boundaries that segregate, as far as possible, socioeconomic groups. In this study, we used US Census income data instead of block groups to gauge socioeconomic status of breast cancer patients in relationship with incidence, prognostic markers, and survival. US state breast cancer incidence and mortality data are from the U.S. Cancer Statistics Working Group, United States Cancer Statistics: 1999-2011. Three-Year-Average Median Household Income by State, 2010 to 2012, is from the U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2011 to 2013 Annual Social and Economic Supplements. County incomes are from the 2005-2009 American Community Survey of the U.S. Census Bureau. The American Community Survey is an ongoing statistical survey that samples a small percentage of the population yearly. Its purpose is to provide communities the information they need to plan investments and services. Breast cancer county incidence and survival data are from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program (SEER) data base. We analyzed SEER data from 198 counties in California, Connecticut, Georgia, Hawaii, Iowa, New Mexico, Utah, and Washington. SEER uses the Collaborative Stage (CS) Data Collection System. We have retained the SEER CS variables. There was a significant relationship of income with breast cancer incidence in 50 USA states and the District of Columbia in White women (r = 0.623, p < 0.001). There was a significant relationship between node involvement and income in Whites in 198 USA counties. Income was significantly correlated with 5-year relative survival in Whites with localized breast cancer. Income was not correlated with 5-year survival of Black race (p = 0.364) or other races (p = 0.624). The multivariate general linear model with income as covariate, 5-year survival by race as a dependent variable, showed a significant effect of income and White race on 5-year survival (p < 0.001), unrelated to Black race (p = 0.780) or other races (p = 0.618). In men, we found a nonsignificant positive correlation between county breast cancer incidence and income (r = 0.098, p = 0.168). Breast cancer risk factors, such as delayed childbirth, less breast-feeding, and use of hormone supplements, are more common in affluent women. Affluent women are more likely to have mammograms, which detect many cancers that might not otherwise be diagnosed. In addition, women in certain affluent ethnic groups-Ashkenazi Jews, Icelanders and the Dutch-are more likely to carry genetic mutations known to predispose to breast cancer. We hypothesize that women with more income can afford better cancer care and survive longer than poorer women. But our hypothesis does not explain why this effect should be limited to White women; or why node involvement increased with income in White women but not in Blacks or Hispanics. Further studies may be worthwhile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Lehrer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sheryl Green
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Kenneth E Rosenzweig
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Perreault K, Bauman A, Johnson N, Britton A, Rangul V, Stamatakis E. Does physical activity moderate the association between alcohol drinking and all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular diseases mortality? A pooled analysis of eight British population cohorts. Br J Sports Med 2016; 51:651-657. [PMID: 27581162 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether physical activity (PA) moderates the association between alcohol intake and all-cause mortality, cancer mortality and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) mortality. DESIGN Prospective study using 8 British population-based surveys, each linked to cause-specific mortality: Health Survey for England (1994, 1998, 1999, 2003, 2004 and 2006) and Scottish Health Survey (1998 and 2003). PARTICIPANTS 36 370 men and women aged 40 years and over were included with a corresponding 5735 deaths and a mean of 353 049 person-years of follow-up. EXPOSURES 6 sex-specific categories of alcohol intake (UK units/week) were defined: (1) never drunk; (2) ex-drinkers; (3) occasional drinkers; (4) within guidelines (<14 (women); <21 (men)); (5) hazardous (14-35 (women); 21-49 (men)) and (6) harmful (>35 (women) >49 (men)). PA was categorised as inactive (≤7 MET-hour/week), active at the lower (>7.5 MET-hour/week) and upper (>15 MET-hour/week) of recommended levels. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Cox proportional-hazard models were used to examine associations between alcohol consumption and all-cause, cancer and CVD mortality risk after adjusting for several confounders. Stratified analyses were performed to evaluate mortality risks within each PA stratum. RESULTS We found a direct association between alcohol consumption and cancer mortality risk starting from drinking within guidelines (HR (95% CI) hazardous drinking: 1.40 (1.11 to 1.78)). Stratified analyses showed that the association between alcohol intake and mortality risk was attenuated (all-cause) or nearly nullified (cancer) among individuals who met the PA recommendations (HR (95% CI)). CONCLUSIONS Meeting the current PA public health recommendations offsets some of the cancer and all-cause mortality risk associated with alcohol drinking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Perreault
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Université de Montréal, Institut de Recherche en Santé Publique, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins Drive, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Bauman
- University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins Drive, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and General Practice, HUNT Research Centre, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - N Johnson
- University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins Drive, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Discipline of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Cumberland Campus, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Britton
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - V Rangul
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and General Practice, HUNT Research Centre, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
| | - E Stamatakis
- University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins Drive, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Discipline of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Cumberland Campus, Lidcombe, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Lowry SJ, Kapphahn K, Chlebowski R, Li CI. Alcohol Use and Breast Cancer Survival among Participants in the Women's Health Initiative. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 25:1268-73. [PMID: 27197280 PMCID: PMC4970888 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol increases the risk of breast cancer even at moderate levels of intake. However, the relationship between alcohol consumption and mortality among breast cancer patients is less clear. METHODS This study included women from the Women's Health Initiative observational study and randomized trial diagnosed with breast cancer (n = 7,835). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate adjusted HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overall and breast cancer-specific (BCS) mortality associated with drinking alcohol before or after a breast cancer diagnosis. We also assessed whether changes in drinking habits after diagnosis are related to mortality. RESULTS Women who were consuming alcohol prior to their breast cancer diagnosis had a nonstatistically significant 24% (95% CI, 0.56-1.04) reduced risk of BCS mortality and a 26% (95% CI, 0.61-0.89) reduced risk of all-cause mortality. Some variation was observed by estrogen receptor (ER) status as alcohol consumption was associated with a 49% (95% CI, 0.31-0.83) reduced risk of BCS mortality among ER(-) patients with no change in risk observed among ER(+) patients (HR = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.31-1.54), though the difference between these risks was not statistically significant (P for interaction = 0.39). Postdiagnosis alcohol consumption, and change in consumption patterns after diagnosis, did not appear to be associated with all-cause or BCS mortality. CONCLUSION In this large study, consumption of alcohol before or after breast cancer diagnosis did not increase risks of overall or cause-specific mortality. IMPACT Coupled with existing evidence, alcohol consumption is unlikely to have a substantial impact on mortality among breast cancer patients. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(8); 1268-73. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Lowry
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kris Kapphahn
- Med/Quantitative Sciences Unit, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Rowan Chlebowski
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Christopher I Li
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Din N, Allen IE, Satariano WA, Demb J, Braithwaite D. Alcohol consumption and mortality after breast cancer diagnosis: The health and functioning in women study. Breast Dis 2016; 36:77-89. [PMID: 27662274 DOI: 10.3233/bd-150202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association of prediagnostic alcohol consumption with long-term mortality from breast cancer and other causes in a cohort of women with breast cancer. METHODS We studied a Michigan-based cohort of 939 women aged 40-84 years, who provided complete information about the type, amount and intensity of prediagnostic alcohol consumption. Associations of alcohol consumption, based on weekly volume of alcohol consumption during the year prior to breast cancer diagnosis, with mortality were evaluated in Cox proportional hazards models, with adjustment for sociodemographic factors, body mass index, smoking, comorbidity, tumor characteristics, and treatment. Differences among covariates were assessed with Pearson χ2 , Student t -tests and Wilcoxon Rank Sum tests. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 11 years, 724 deaths occurred overall, with 303 from breast cancer. Fifty-five percent of the women were categorized as drinkers with volume of alcohol consumption ranging from 0.75 to 36.00 drinks/week. In multivariable models, a decreased risk of other-cause mortality was associated with low alcohol drinking (0.75-3.75 drinks/week; HR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.47-0.78), moderate volume alcohol drinking (4.00-9.75 drinks/week; HR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.39-0.85) and low frequency (0.75-3.75 drinks/week) beer and wine intake (HR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.50-0.96 and HR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.52-0.88 respectively). Although the risk of breast cancer-specific mortality was not statistically significantly associated with moderate (4.00-9.75 drinks/week) and high volume (10.00-36.00 drinks/week) alcohol drinking in the overall cohort (HR = 1.43, 95% CI = 95% 0.97-2.12 and HR = 1.53, 95% CI = 0.87-2.70 respectively), there was a positive association of alcohol consumption with breast cancer-specific mortality among current smokers (HR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.03-3.57; Pinteraction = 0.04). CONCLUSION In this prospective cohort study, regular consumption of 0.75-36.00 alcoholic drinks per week during the year prior to breast cancer diagnosis was associated with a reduction in other-cause mortality and with an increase in breast cancer-specific mortality among current smokers, after taking into account clinical and sociodemographic factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Din
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Isabel Elaine Allen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Joshua Demb
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dejana Braithwaite
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Ferrie JE. The wonder of it all. Int J Epidemiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyw188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
93
|
Abstract
AbstractFindings from observational studies have suggested a possible relation between Ca and breast cancer risk. However, the results of these studies are inconclusive, and the dose–response relationship between Ca intake and risk of breast cancer remains to be determined. A meta-analysis of prospective studies was conducted to address these issues. PubMed and Embase databases were searched for relevant studies concerning the association between Ca intake and breast cancer up to March 2016. The summary relative risks (RR) with 95 % CI were calculated with a random-effects model. The final analysis included eleven prospective cohort studies involving 26 606 cases and 872 895 participants. The overall RR of breast cancer for high v. low intake of Ca was 0·92 (95 % CI 0·85, 0·99), with moderate heterogeneity (P=0·026, I2=44·2 %). In the subgroup analysis, the inverse association appeared stronger for premenopausal breast cancer (RR 0·75; 95 % CI 0·59, 0·96) than for postmenopausal breast cancer (RR 0·94; 95 % CI 0·87, 1·01). Dose–response analysis revealed that each 300 mg/d increase in Ca intake was associated with 2 % (RR 0·98; 95 % CI 0·96, 0·99), 8 % (RR 0·92; 95 % CI 0·87, 0·98) and 2 % (RR 0·98; 95 % CI 0·97, 0·99) reduction in the risk of total, premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer, respectively. Our findings suggest an inverse dose–response association between Ca intake and risk of breast cancer.
Collapse
|
94
|
Kopp TI, Jensen DM, Ravn-Haren G, Cohen A, Sommer HM, Dragsted LO, Tjonneland A, Hougaard DM, Vogel U. Alcohol-related breast cancer in postmenopausal women - effect of CYP19A1, PPARG and PPARGC1A polymorphisms on female sex-hormone levels and interaction with alcohol consumption and NSAID usage in a nested case-control study and a randomised controlled trial. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:283. [PMID: 27102200 PMCID: PMC4839098 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of breast cancer (BC), and the underlying mechanism is thought to be sex-hormone driven. In vitro and observational studies suggest a mechanism involving peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in a complex with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) and interaction with aromatase (encoded by CYP19A1). Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) may also affect circulating sex-hormone levels by modifying PPARγ activity. Methods In the present study we assessed whether genetic variation in CYP19A1 is associated with risk of BC in a case-control study group nested within the Danish “Diet, Cancer and Health” cohort (ncases = 687 and ncontrols = 687) and searched for gene-gene interaction between CYP19A1 and PPARGC1A, and CYP19A1 and PPARG, and gene-alcohol and gene-NSAID interactions. Association between the CYP19A1 polymorphisms and hormone levels was also examined among 339 non-HRT users. Incidence rate ratios were calculated based on Cox’ proportional hazards model. Furthermore, we performed a pilot randomised controlled trial to determine the effect of the PPARG Pro12Ala polymorphism and the PPARγ stimulator Ibuprofen on sex-hormone levels following alcohol intake in postmenopausal women (n = 25) using linear regression. Results Genetic variations in CYP19A1 were associated with hormone levels (estrone: Prs11070844 = 0.009, estrone sulphate: Prs11070844 = 0.01, Prs749292 = 0.004, Prs1062033 = 0.007 and Prs10519297 = 0.03, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG): Prs3751591 = 0.03) and interacted with alcohol intake in relation to hormone levels (estrone sulphate: Pinteraction/rs2008691 = 0.02 and Pinteraction/rs1062033= 0.03, and SHBG: Pinteraction/rs11070844 = 0.03). CYP19A1/rs3751591 was both associated with SHBG levels (P = 0.03) and with risk of BC (Incidence Rate Ratio = 2.12; 95 % Confidence Interval: 1.02–4.43) such that homozygous variant allele carriers had increased levels of serum SHBG and were at increased risk of BC. Acute intake of alcohol decreased blood estrone (P = <0.0001), estrone sulphate (P = <0.0001), and SHBG (P = 0.009) levels, whereas Ibuprofen intake and PPARG Pro12Ala genotype had no effect on hormone levels. Conclusions Our results suggest that genetically determined variation in CYP19A1 is associated with differences in sex hormone levels. However, the genetically determined differences in sex hormone levels were not convincingly associated with BC risk. The results therefore indicate that the genetically determined variation in CYP19A1 contributes little to BC risk and to alcohol-mediated BC risk. Trial registration NCT02463383, June 3, 2015. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2317-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tine Iskov Kopp
- Technical University of Denmark, National Food Institute, Søborg, Denmark. .,Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | - Ditte Marie Jensen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte Ravn-Haren
- Technical University of Denmark, National Food Institute, Søborg, Denmark
| | - Arieh Cohen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - David Michael Hougaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Abstract
Diet may play a role in both promoting and inhibiting human breast cancer development. In this review, nutritional risk factors such as consumption of dietary fat, meat, fiber, and alcohol, and intake of phytoestrogen, vitamin D, iron, and folate associated with breast cancer are reviewed. These nutritional factors have a variety of associations with breast cancer risk. Type of fat consumed has different effects on risk of breast cancer: consumption of meat is associated with heterocyclic amine (HCA) exposure; different types of plant fiber have various effects on breast cancer risk; alcohol consumption may increase the risk of breast cancer by producing acetaldehyde and reactive oxygen species (ROS); intake of phytoestrogen may reduce risk of breast cancer through genomic and non-genomic action; vitamin D can reduce the risk of breast cancer by inhibiting the process of cancer invasion and metastasis; intake of dietary iron may lead to oxidative stress, DNA damage, and lipid peroxidation; and lower intake of folate may be linked to a higher risk of breast cancer.
Collapse
|
96
|
Pérez-Solis MA, Maya-Nuñez G, Casas-González P, Olivares A, Aguilar-Rojas A. Effects of the lifestyle habits in breast cancer transcriptional regulation. Cancer Cell Int 2016; 16:7. [PMID: 26877711 PMCID: PMC4752785 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-016-0284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Through research carried out in the last 25 years about the breast cancer etiology, it has been possible to estimate that less than 10 % of patients who are diagnosed with the condition are carriers of some germline or somatic mutation. The clinical reports of breast cancer patients with healthy twins and the development of disease in women without high penetrance mutations detected, warn the participation more factors in the transformation process. The high incidence of mammary adenocarcinoma in the modern woman and the urgent need for new methods of prevention and early detection have demanded more information about the role that environment and lifestyle have on the transformation of mammary gland epithelial cells. Obesity, alcoholism and smoking are factors that have shown a close correlation with the risk of developing breast cancer. And although these conditions affect different cell regulation levels, the study of its effects in the mechanisms of transcriptional and epigenetic regulation is considered critical for a better understanding of the loss of identity of epithelial cells during carcinogenesis of this tissue. The main objective of this review was to establish the importance of changes occurring to transcriptional level in the mammary gland as a consequence of acute or chronic exposure to harmful products such as obesity-causing foods, ethanol and cigarette smoke components. At analyze the main studies related to topic, it has concluded that the understanding of effects caused by the lifestyle factors in performance of the transcriptional mechanisms that determine gene expression of the mammary gland epithelial cells, may help explain the development of this disease in women without genetic propensity and different phenotypic manifestations of this cancer type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Allán Pérez-Solis
- Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Hospital de Ginecobstetricia “Luis Castelazo Ayala”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, No. 289 Río Magdalena, Tizapan San Angel, 01090 Mexico, DF Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Maya-Nuñez
- Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Hospital de Ginecobstetricia “Luis Castelazo Ayala”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, No. 289 Río Magdalena, Tizapan San Angel, 01090 Mexico, DF Mexico
| | - Patricia Casas-González
- Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Hospital de Ginecobstetricia “Luis Castelazo Ayala”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, No. 289 Río Magdalena, Tizapan San Angel, 01090 Mexico, DF Mexico
| | - Aleida Olivares
- Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Hospital de Ginecobstetricia “Luis Castelazo Ayala”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, No. 289 Río Magdalena, Tizapan San Angel, 01090 Mexico, DF Mexico
| | - Arturo Aguilar-Rojas
- Research Unit in Reproductive Medicine, Hospital de Ginecobstetricia “Luis Castelazo Ayala”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, No. 289 Río Magdalena, Tizapan San Angel, 01090 Mexico, DF Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
McDonald JA, Michels KB, Cohn BA, Flom JD, Tehranifar P, Terry MB. Alcohol intake from early adulthood to midlife and mammographic density. Cancer Causes Control 2016; 27:493-502. [PMID: 26830901 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-016-0723-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Moderate alcohol consumption (15 g/day) has been consistently associated with increased breast cancer risk; however, the association between alcohol and mammographic density, a strong marker of breast cancer risk, has been less consistent. Less is known about the effect of patterns of alcohol intake across the lifecourse. METHODS Using the Early Determinants of Mammographic Density study, an adult follow-up of women born in two US birth cohorts (n = 697; Collaborative Perinatal Project in Boston and Providence sites and the Childhood Health and Development Studies in California), we examined the association between alcohol intake in early adulthood (ages 20-29 years) and at time of interview and mammographic density (percent density and total dense area). We report the difference between nondrinkers and three levels of alcohol intake. We considered confounding by age at mammogram, body mass index, geographic site, race/ethnicity, and reproductive characteristics. RESULTS Seventy-nine percent of women reported ever consuming alcohol. Compared to nondrinkers in early adulthood, we observed an inverse association between >7 servings/week and percent density in fully adjusted models (β = -5.1, 95% CI -8.7, -1.5; p for trend = <0.01). Associations with dense area were inverse for the highest category of drinking in early adulthood but not statistically significant (p for trend = 0.15). Compared to noncurrent drinkers, the association for current intake of >7 servings/week and percent density was also inverse (β = -3.1, 95% CI -7.0, 0.8; p for trend = 0.01). In contrast, moderate alcohol intake (>0-≤7 servings/week) in either time period was positively associated with dense area; but associations were not statistically significant in fully adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS Our study does not lend support to the hypothesis that the positive association between alcohol intake and breast cancer risk is through increasing mammographic density.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine A McDonald
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Karin B Michels
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Epidemiology Center Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Barbara A Cohn
- Public Health Institute, Child Health and Development Studies, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Julie D Flom
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Parisa Tehranifar
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,The Imprints Center for Genetic and Environmental Lifecourse Studies, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Williams LA, Olshan AF, Tse CK, Bell ME, Troester MA. Alcohol intake and invasive breast cancer risk by molecular subtype and race in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study. Cancer Causes Control 2016; 27:259-69. [PMID: 26705260 PMCID: PMC5074055 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-015-0703-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Alcohol is an established breast cancer risk factor, but there is little evidence on whether the association differs between African Americans and whites. METHODS Invasive breast cancers (n = 1,795; 1,014 white, 781 African American) and age- and race-matched controls (n = 1,558; 844 white, 714 African American) from the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (Phases I-II) were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for pre-diagnosis drinks per week and breast cancer risk. RESULTS African American controls reported lower alcohol intake than white controls across all age groups. Light drinking (0 to ≤2 per week) was more prevalent among African American controls. Moderate-to-heavy drinking was more prevalent in white controls. African Americans who reported drinking >7 drinks per week had an elevated risk compared to light drinkers [adjusted OR, 95% CI 1.62 (1.03-2.54)]. A weaker association was observed among whites [adjusted OR, 95% CI 1.20 (0.87-1.67)]. The association of >7 drinks per week with estrogen receptor-negative [adjusted OR, 95% CI 2.17 (1.25-3.75)] and triple-negative [adjusted OR, 95% CI 2.12 (1.12-4.04)] breast cancers was significant for African American, but not white women. We observed significantly elevated ORs for heavy intake at ages <25 and >50 years of age for African American women only. We found no evidence of statistical interaction between alcohol intake and oral contraceptive use or smoking. CONCLUSIONS Drinking more than seven alcoholic beverages per week increased invasive breast cancer risk among white and African American women, with significant increases only among African American women. Genetic or environmental factors that differ by race may mediate the alcohol-breast cancer risk association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, Campus Box 7435, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, Campus Box 7435, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Chui Kit Tse
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, Campus Box 7435, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Mary Elizabeth Bell
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Melissa A Troester
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, Campus Box 7435, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Lipscomb J, Fleming ST, Trentham-Dietz A, Kimmick G, Wu XC, Morris CR, Zhang K, Smith RA, Anderson RT, Sabatino SA. What Predicts an Advanced-Stage Diagnosis of Breast Cancer? Sorting Out the Influence of Method of Detection, Access to Care, and Biologic Factors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 25:613-23. [PMID: 26819266 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have yielded important findings regarding the determinants of an advanced-stage diagnosis of breast cancer. We seek to advance this line of inquiry through a broadened conceptual framework and accompanying statistical modeling strategy that recognize the dual importance of access-to-care and biologic factors on stage. METHODS The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-sponsored Breast and Prostate Cancer Data Quality and Patterns of Care Study yielded a seven-state, cancer registry-derived population-based sample of 9,142 women diagnosed with a first primary in situ or invasive breast cancer in 2004. The likelihood of advanced-stage cancer (American Joint Committee on Cancer IIIB, IIIC, or IV) was investigated through multivariable regression modeling, with base-case analyses using the method of instrumental variables (IV) to detect and correct for possible selection bias. The robustness of base-case findings was examined through extensive sensitivity analyses. RESULTS Advanced-stage disease was negatively associated with detection by mammography (P < 0.001) and with age < 50 (P < 0.001), and positively related to black race (P = 0.07), not being privately insured [Medicaid (P = 0.01), Medicare (P = 0.04), uninsured (P = 0.07)], being single (P = 0.06), body mass index > 40 (P = 0.001), a HER2 type tumor (P < 0.001), and tumor grade not well differentiated (P < 0.001). This IV model detected and adjusted for significant selection effects associated with method of detection (P = 0.02). Sensitivity analyses generally supported these base-case results. CONCLUSIONS Through our comprehensive modeling strategy and sensitivity analyses, we provide new estimates of the magnitude and robustness of the determinants of advanced-stage breast cancer. IMPACT Statistical approaches frequently used to address observational data biases in treatment-outcome studies can be applied similarly in analyses of the determinants of stage at diagnosis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(4); 613-23. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Lipscomb
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Steven T Fleming
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, Kentucky
| | | | - Gretchen Kimmick
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center and Multidisciplinary Breast Cancer Program, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Xiao-Cheng Wu
- Epidemiology Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Cyllene R Morris
- California Cancer Registry, Institute for Population Health Improvement, UC Davis Health System, Sacramento, California
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Roger T Anderson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, and UVA Cancer Center, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Susan A Sabatino
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | |
Collapse
|
100
|
Alcohol and breast cancer tumor subtypes in a Spanish Cohort. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:39. [PMID: 26835221 PMCID: PMC4715100 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1630-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Although alcohol intake is an established risk factor for overall breast cancer, few studies have looked at the relationship between alcohol use and breast cancer risk by the four major subtypes of breast cancer and very few data exist in the alcohol-breast cancer relationship in Spanish women. A population-based case-control study was conducted in Galicia, Spain. A total of 1766 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between 1997 and 2014 and 833 controls participated in the study. Data on demographics, breast cancer risk factors, and clinico-pathological characteristics were collected. We examined the alcohol-breast cancer association according to the major breast cancer subtypes [hormone-receptor-positive, HER2-negative (luminal A); hormone-receptor-positive, HER2-positive (luminal B); hormone-receptor-negative, HER2-negative (TNBC); and hormone-receptor-negative, HER2-positive (HER2 overexpressing)] as well as grade and morphology in Spanish women. With the exception of HER2 overexpressing, the risk of all subtypes of breast cancer significantly increased with increasing alcohol intake. The association was similar for hormonal receptor positive breast cancer, i.e., luminal A and luminal B breast cancer (odds ratio, OR 2.16, 95 % confidence interval, CI 1.55–3.02; and OR 1.98, 95 % CI 1.11–3.53, respectively), and for TNBC (TNBC: OR 1.93, 95 % CI 1.07–3.47). The alcohol-breast cancer association was slightly more pronounced among lobular breast cancer (OR 2.76, 95 % CI 1.62–4.69) than among ductal type breast cancers (OR 2.21, 95 % CI 1.61–3.03). In addition, significant associations were shown for all grades, I, II and III breast cancer (OR 1.98, 95 % CI 1.26–3.10; OR 2.34, 95 % CI 1.66–3.31; and OR 2.16, 95 % CI 1.44–3.25 for Grades I, II and III, respectively). To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the association of breast cancer subtypes and alcohol intake in Spanish women. Our findings indicate that breast cancer risk increased with increasing alcohol intakes for three out of the four major subtypes of breast cancer. The association was similar for hormonal receptor positive breast cancer, i.e., luminal A and luminal B breast cancer, and for TNBC. The association seemed to be slightly more pronounced for lobular than ductal breast cancers. No differences were detected by grade.
Collapse
|