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Smuga-Kogut M, Piskier T, Walendzik B, Szymanowska-Powałowska D. Assessment of wasteland derived biomass for bioethanol production. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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52
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Yuan Z, Singh SK, Bals B, Hodge DB, Hegg EL. Integrated Two-Stage Alkaline–Oxidative Pretreatment of Hybrid Poplar. Part 2: Impact of Cu-Catalyzed Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide Pretreatment Conditions on Process Performance and Economics. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b00901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Sandip Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Montana State University, 306 Cobleigh Hall, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Bryan Bals
- Michigan Biotechnology Institute, 3815 Technology Boulevard, Lansing, Michigan 48910, United States
| | - David B. Hodge
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Montana State University, 306 Cobleigh Hall, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
- Division of Sustainable Process Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Eric L. Hegg
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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Lou H, He X, Cai C, Lan T, Pang Y, Zhou H, Qiu X. Enhancement and Mechanism of a Lignin Amphoteric Surfactant on the Production of Cellulosic Ethanol from a High-Solid Corncob Residue. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:6248-6256. [PMID: 31090409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A lignin amphoteric surfactant and betaine could enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose and recover cellulase. The effects of lignosulfonate quaternary ammonium salt (SLQA) and dodecyl dimethyl betaine (BS12) on enzymatic hydrolysis digestibility, ethanol yield, yeast cell viability, and other properties of high-solid enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of a corncob residue were studied in this research. The results suggested that SLQA and 1 g/L BS12 effectively improved the ethanol yield through enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis. SLQA had no significant effect on the yeast cell membrane and glucose fermentation. However, 5 g/L BS12 reduced the ethanol yield as a result of the fact that 5 g/L BS12 damaged the yeast cell membrane and inhibited the conversion of glucose to ethanol. Our research also suggested that 1 g/L BS12 enhanced the ethanol yield of corncob residue fermentation, which was attributed to the fact that lignin in the corncob adsorbed BS12 and decreased its concentration in solution to a safe level for the yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tianqing Lan
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming , Yunnan 650500 , People's Republic of China
| | | | - Haifeng Zhou
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering , Shandong University of Science and Technology , Qingdao , Shandong 277590 , People's Republic of China
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Enhancement and modeling of enzymatic hydrolysis on cellulose from agave bagasse hydrothermally pretreated in a horizontal bioreactor. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 211:349-359. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ázar RISL, Morgan T, Barbosa MHP, Guimarães VM, Ximenes E, Ladisch M. Impact of protein blocking on enzymatic saccharification of bagasse from sugarcane clones. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:1584-1593. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela I. S. Ladeira Ázar
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Federal University of Viçosa Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Túlio Morgan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Federal University of Viçosa Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Márcio H. P. Barbosa
- Department of Crop Science Federal University of Viçosa Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Valéria M. Guimarães
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Federal University of Viçosa Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ximenes
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana
| | - Michael Ladisch
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana
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Yang H, Shi Z, Xu G, Qin Y, Deng J, Yang J. Bioethanol production from bamboo with alkali-catalyzed liquid hot water pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 274:261-266. [PMID: 30529330 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Altering recalcitrant structures of bamboo is essential to obtain high yield of bioethanol via bioconversion process. With the goal of improving cell wall digestibility, alkaline liquid hot water was used to pretreat N. affinis. The effects of temperature and alkali dosage on structural alterations were determined by chemical composition, Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The relationship between these changes and substrate digestibility was addressed by separate enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF). The results indicated that pretreatments partly removed and degraded hemicelluloses and lignin, reducing yields of substrates and molecular weights of carbohydrates. With the change of cell wall structure, specific surface area of materials increased after LHW pretreatment but decreased with further removal of lignin and hemicellulosic fractions. Maximum bioconversion was obtained by pretreatment with 0.5% NaOH aqueous at 170 °C and SHF, yielding 4.8 g/L ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yang
- University Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Refinery & Synthesis, Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Utilization of Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Zhengjun Shi
- University Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Refinery & Synthesis, Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Utilization of Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
| | - Gaofeng Xu
- University Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Refinery & Synthesis, Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Utilization of Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Yongjian Qin
- University Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Refinery & Synthesis, Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Utilization of Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jia Deng
- University Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Refinery & Synthesis, Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Utilization of Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jing Yang
- University Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Refinery & Synthesis, Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Utilization of Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
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Kim JK, Yang J, Park SY, Yu JH, Kim KH. Cellulase recycling in high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated empty fruit bunches. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:138. [PMID: 31178926 PMCID: PMC6551891 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks such as empty fruit bunches (EFBs) prove to be potential renewable resources owing to their abundance, low prices, and high carbohydrate contents. Generally, the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into chemicals, fuels, and materials mainly includes pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and recovery of final products. To increase the economic viability of such processes, the cost of cellulase production and enzymatic hydrolysis should be reduced. For this, recycling cellulase can be considered for reducing the saccharification cost of lignocellulose. In this study, cellulase recycling for high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis (i.e., 20%) was evaluated in saccharification of hydrothermally-pretreated EFBs. RESULTS High-solids (20%) enzymatic hydrolysis of hydrothermally-pretreated empty fruit bunches with 40 FPU of Cellic CTec3/g glucan was carried out for cellulase recycling. In the second round of hydrolysis using a recycled enzyme, only 19.3% of glucose yield was obtained. The most important limiting factors for cellulase recycling of this study were identified as the enzyme inhibition by glucose, the loss of enzyme activities, and the non-productive binding of enzymes to insoluble biomass solids. To overcome these limitations, PEG was added prior to the first-round hydrolysis to reduce non-productive enzyme binding, glucose was removed from the enzyme fraction to be reused in the second-round hydrolysis, and EFB solids from the first-round hydrolysis were used in the second-round hydrolysis. These three additional measures with cellulase recycling resulted in a 3.5 times higher glucose yield (i.e., 68.0%) at the second round than that of the control, the second-round hydrolysis with cellulase recycling but without these measures. CONCLUSIONS Because of the high obstacles found in this study in achieving high saccharification yields in the high-solids saccharification of high-lignin lignocellulose with cellulase recycling, effective measures for improving enzymatic saccharification yields need to be accompanied with cellulase recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kyun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
| | - Jungwoo Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun Yu
- Center for Bio-based Chemical, Green Chemistry and Engineering Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, 34602 South Korea
| | - Kyoung Heon Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 South Korea
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Cai C, Jin Y, Pang Y, Ke Q, Qiu W, Qiu X, Qin Y, Lou H. Tracing cellulase components in hydrolyzate during the enzymatic hydrolysis of corncob residue and its analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Dos Santos AC, Ximenes E, Kim Y, Ladisch MR. Lignin-Enzyme Interactions in the Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 37:518-531. [PMID: 30477739 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lignin is central to overcoming recalcitrance in the enzyme hydrolysis of lignocellulose. While the term implies a physical barrier in the cell wall structure, there are also important biochemical components that direct interactions between lignin and the hydrolytic enzymes that attack cellulose in plant cell walls. Progress toward a deeper understanding of the lignin synthesis pathway - and the consistency between a range of observations over the past 40 years in the very extensive literature on cellulose hydrolysis - is resulting in advances in reducing a major impediment to cellulose conversion: the cost of enzymes. This review addresses lignin and its role in the hydrolysis of hardwood and other lignocellulosic residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Carlos Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Eduardo Ximenes
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Youngmi Kim
- Department of Agricultural Engineering Technology, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, WI 54022, USA
| | - Michael R Ladisch
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; www.purdue.edu/LORRE.
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60
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Yuan Y, Zhai R, Li Y, Chen X, Jin M. Developing fast enzyme recycling strategy through elucidating enzyme adsorption kinetics on alkali and acid pretreated corn stover. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:316. [PMID: 30479661 PMCID: PMC6245881 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1315-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although various pre-treatment methods have been developed to disrupt the structure of lignocellulosic biomass, high dosage of cellulases is still required to hydrolyze lignocellulose to fermentable sugars. Enzyme recycling via recycling unhydrolyzed solids after enzymatic hydrolysis is a promising strategy to reduce enzyme loading for production of cellulosic ethanol. RESULTS To develop effective enzyme recycling method via recycling unhydrolyzed solids, this work investigated both enzymatic hydrolysis kinetics and enzyme adsorption kinetics on dilute acid and dilute alkali pre-treated corn stover (CS). It was found that most of the hydrolysable biomass was hydrolyzed in the first 24 h and about 40% and 55% of the enzymes were adsorbed on unhydrolyzed solids for dilute alkali-CS and dilute acid-CS, respectively, at 24 h of enzymatic hydrolysis. Lignin played a significant role in such adsorption and lignin materials derived from dilute acid-CS and dilute alkali-CS possessed different enzyme adsorption properties. Enzyme recycling was performed by recycling unhydrolyzed solids after 24 h enzymatic hydrolysis for five successive rounds, and successfully reduced 40% and 50% of the enzyme loadings for hydrolysis of dilute alkali-CS and for hydrolysis of dilute acid-CS, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study presents that the enzymes adsorbed on the unhydrolyzed solids after short-time hydrolysis could be recycled effectively for efficient enzymatic hydrolysis. Lignin derived from dilute acid-CS has higher enzyme adsorption capacity than the lignin derived from dilute alkali-CS, which led to more enzymes recycled. By applying the enzyme recycling strategy developed in this study, the enzyme dosage needed for effective cellulose hydrolysis can be significantly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Rui Zhai
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Xiangxue Chen
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094 China
| | - Mingjie Jin
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing, 210094 China
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Wang Z, Jönsson LJ. Comparison of catalytically non-productive adsorption of fungal proteins to lignins and pseudo-lignin using isobaric mass tagging. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 268:393-401. [PMID: 30099290 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Catalytically non-productive adsorption of fungal enzymes to pseudo-lignin (PL) was compared to adsorption to lignin preparations derived from different sources (SL, spruce; BL, birch; OL, beech) using different methods [steam pretreatment/enzymatic saccharification (SL, BL) and organosolv processing (OL)]. The protein adsorption to the SL was more extensive than the adsorption to the hardwood lignins, which was relatively similar to the adsorption to the PL. The adsorption patterns of 13 individual proteins were studied using isobaric mass tagging with TMTsixplex reagent and LC-MS/MS analysis. The results suggest that, on an average, adsorption of proteins equipped with carbohydrate-binding modules, such as the cellulases CBHI, EGII, and EGIV, was less dependent on the quality of the lignin/PL than adsorption of other proteins, such as β-Xyl, Xyn-1, and Xyn-2, which are involved in xylan degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, KBC Chemical-Biological Centre, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Leif J Jönsson
- Department of Chemistry, KBC Chemical-Biological Centre, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
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Inhibitors Compounds on Sugarcane Bagasse Saccharification: Effects of Pretreatment Methods and Alternatives to Decrease Inhibition. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 188:29-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2900-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Brondi MG, Vasconcellos VM, Giordano RC, Farinas CS. Alternative Low-Cost Additives to Improve the Saccharification of Lignocellulosic Biomass. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 187:461-473. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2834-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ko JK, Jung JH, Altpeter F, Kannan B, Kim HE, Kim KH, Alper HS, Um Y, Lee SM. Largely enhanced bioethanol production through the combined use of lignin-modified sugarcane and xylose fermenting yeast strain. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 256:312-320. [PMID: 29455099 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The recalcitrant structure of lignocellulosic biomass is a major barrier in efficient biomass-to-ethanol bioconversion processes. The combination of feedstock engineering via modification in the lignin synthesis pathway of sugarcane and co-fermentation of xylose and glucose with a recombinant xylose utilizing yeast strain produced 148% more ethanol compared to that of the wild type biomass and control strain. The lignin reduced biomass led to a substantially increased release of fermentable sugars (glucose and xylose). The engineered yeast strain efficiently co-utilized glucose and xylose for fermentation, elevating ethanol yields. In this study, it was experimentally demonstrated that the combined efforts of engineering both feedstock and microorganisms largely enhances the bioconversion of lignocellulosic feedstock to bioethanol. This strategy will significantly improve the economic feasibility of lignocellulosic biofuels production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja Kyong Ko
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Hyeong Jung
- Center for Natural Products Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Fredy Altpeter
- Agronomy Department, Genetics Institute, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, IFAS, PO Box 110300, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Baskaran Kannan
- Agronomy Department, Genetics Institute, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, IFAS, PO Box 110300, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ha Eun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Heon Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hal S Alper
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 200 E Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 2500 Speedway Avenue, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Youngsoon Um
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Clean Energy and Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Mi Lee
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Clean Energy and Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Yao L, Yoo CG, Meng X, Li M, Pu Y, Ragauskas AJ, Yang H. A structured understanding of cellobiohydrolase I binding to poplar lignin fractions after dilute acid pretreatment. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:96. [PMID: 29632555 PMCID: PMC5883885 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellulase adsorption to lignin is considered a cost barrier for bioethanol production; however, its detailed association mechanism is still not fully understood. In this study, two natural poplar variants with high and low sugar release performance were selected as the low and high recalcitrant raw materials (named L and H, respectively). Three different lignin fractions were extracted using ethanol, followed by p-dioxane and then cellulase treatment from the dilute acid pretreated poplar solids (fraction 1, 2, and 3, respectively). RESULTS Each lignin fraction had different physicochemical properties. Ethanol-extracted lignin had the lowest weight average molecular weight, while the molecular weights for the other two lignin fractions were similar. 31P NMR analysis revealed that lignin fraction with higher molecular weight contained more aliphatic hydroxyl groups and less phenolic hydroxyl groups. Semi-quantitative analysis by 2D HSQC NMR indicated that the lignin fractions isolated from the natural variants had different contents of syringyl (S), guaiacyl (G) and interunit linkages. Lignin extracted by ethanol contained the largest amount of S units, the smallest amounts of G and p-hydroxybenzoate (PB) subunits, while the contents of these lignin subunits in the other two lignin fractions were similar. The lignin fraction obtained after cellulase treatment was primarily comprised of β-O-4 linkages with small amounts of β-5 and β-β linkages. The binding strength of these three lignin fractions obtained by Langmuir equations were in the order of L1 > L3 > L2 for the low recalcitrance poplar and H1 > H2 > H3 for the high recalcitrance poplar. CONCLUSIONS Overall, adsorption ability of lignin was correlated with the sugar release of poplar. Structural features of lignin were associated with its binding to CBH. For natural poplar variants, lignin fractions with lower molecular weight and polydispersity index (PDI) exhibited more CBH adsorption ability. Lignins with more phenolic hydroxyl groups had higher CBH binding strength. It was also found that lignin fractions with more condensed aromatics adsorbed more CBH likely attributed to stronger hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yao
- School of Pulp & Paper Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200 USA
| | - Chang Geun Yoo
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | - Xianzhi Meng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200 USA
| | - Mi Li
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | - Yunqiao Pu
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | - Arthur J. Ragauskas
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200 USA
- Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, Center for Renewable Carbon, Institute of Agriculture, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200 USA
| | - Haitao Yang
- School of Pulp & Paper Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068 China
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Zanchetta A, Dos Santos ACF, Ximenes E, da Costa Carreira Nunes C, Boscolo M, Gomes E, Ladisch MR. Temperature dependent cellulase adsorption on lignin from sugarcane bagasse. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 252:143-149. [PMID: 29316500 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Extents of adsorption of cellulolytic enzymes on lignin, derived from sugarcane bagasse, were an inverse function of incubation temperature and varied with type of lignin extraction. At 45 °C, lignin derived from acid hydrolyzed liquid hot water pretreated bagasse completely adsorbed cellulolytic enzymes from Trichoderma reesei within 90 min. Lignin derived from enzyme hydrolyzed liquid hot water pretreated bagasse adsorbed only 60% of T. reesei endoglucanase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase activities. β-Glucosidase from Aspergillus niger was not adsorbed. At 30 °C, adsorption of all of the enzymes was minimal and enzyme hydrolysis at 30 °C approached that at 45 °C after 168 h. Hence, temperature provided an approach to decrease loss of enzyme activity by reducing enzyme adsorption on lignin. This helps to explain why simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and consolidated bioprocessing (CBP), both carried out at 30-32 °C, could offer viable options for mitigating lignin-derived inhibition effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Zanchetta
- Sao Paulo State University-Unesp, IBILCE, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Antonio Carlos Freitas Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Eduardo Ximenes
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | | | - Maurício Boscolo
- Sao Paulo State University-Unesp, IBILCE, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eleni Gomes
- Sao Paulo State University-Unesp, IBILCE, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michael R Ladisch
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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Yao K, Wu Q, An R, Meng W, Ding M, Li B, Yuan Y. Hydrothermal pretreatment for deconstruction of plant cell wall: Part I. Effect on lignin-carbohydrate complex. AIChE J 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
| | - Qinfeng Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
| | - Ran An
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
| | - Wei Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
| | - Mingzhu Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
| | - Bingzhi Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
| | - Yingjin Yuan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education; Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; Tianjin China
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Maehara L, Pereira SC, Silva AJ, Farinas CS. One-pot strategy for on-site enzyme production, biomass hydrolysis, and ethanol production using the whole solid-state fermentation medium of mixed filamentous fungi. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 34:671-680. [PMID: 29388389 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The efficient use of renewable lignocellulosic feedstocks to obtain biofuels and other bioproducts is a key requirement for a sustainable biobased economy. This requires novel and effective strategies to reduce the cost contribution of the cellulolytic enzymatic cocktails needed to convert the carbohydrates into simple sugars, in order to make large-scale commercial processes economically competitive. Here, we propose the use of the whole solid-state fermentation (SSF) medium of mixed filamentous fungi as an integrated one-pot strategy for on-site enzyme production, biomass hydrolysis, and ethanol production. Ten different individual and mixed cultivations of commonly used industrial filamentous fungi (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Trichoderma harzianum, and Trichoderma reesei) were performed under SSF and the whole media (without the extraction step) were used in the hydrolysis of pretreated sugarcane bagasse. The cocultivation of T. reesei with A. oryzae increased the amount of glucose released by around 50%, compared with individual cultivations. The release of glucose and reducing sugars achieved using the whole SSF medium was around 3-fold higher than obtained with the enzyme extract. The addition of soybean protein (0.5% w/w) during the hydrolysis reaction further significantly improved the saccharification performance by blocking the lignin and avoiding unproductive adsorption of enzymes. The results of the alcoholic fermentation validated the overall integrated process, with a volumetric ethanol productivity of 4.77 g/L.h, representing 83.5% of the theoretical yield. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed one-pot integrated strategy using the whole SSF medium of mixed filamentous fungi for on-site enzymes production, biomass hydrolysis, and ethanol production. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 34:671-680, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Maehara
- Embrapa Instrumentation, Rua XV de Novembro 1452, São Carlos, SP, 13561-260, Brazil.,Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Sandra C Pereira
- Embrapa Instrumentation, Rua XV de Novembro 1452, São Carlos, SP, 13561-260, Brazil
| | - Adilson J Silva
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.,Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Cristiane S Farinas
- Embrapa Instrumentation, Rua XV de Novembro 1452, São Carlos, SP, 13561-260, Brazil.,Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
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Zhang K, Si M, Liu D, Zhuo S, Liu M, Liu H, Yan X, Shi Y. A bionic system with Fenton reaction and bacteria as a model for bioprocessing lignocellulosic biomass. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:31. [PMID: 29445420 PMCID: PMC5803899 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass offers a series of challenges for biochemical processing into biofuels and bio-products. For the first time, we address these challenges with a biomimetic system via a mild yet rapid Fenton reaction and lignocellulose-degrading bacterial strain Cupriavidus basilensis B-8 (here after B-8) to pretreat the rice straw (RS) by mimicking the natural fungal invasion process. Here, we also elaborated the mechanism through conducting a systematic study of physicochemical changes before and after pretreatment. RESULTS After synergistic Fenton and B-8 pretreatment, the reducing sugar yield was increased by 15.6-56.6% over Fenton pretreatment alone and 2.7-5.2 times over untreated RS (98 mg g-1). Morphological analysis revealed that pretreatment changed the surface morphology of the RS, and the increase in roughness and hydrophilic sites enhanced lignocellulose bioavailability. Chemical components analyses showed that B-8 removed part of the lignin and hemicellulose which caused the cellulose content to increase. In addition, the important chemical modifications also occurred in lignin, 2D NMR analysis of the lignin in residues indicated that the Fenton pretreatment caused partial depolymerization of lignin mainly by cleaving the β-O-4 linkages and by demethoxylation to remove the syringyl (S) and guaiacyl (G) units. B-8 could depolymerize amount of the G units by cleaving the β-5 linkages that interconnect the lignin subunits. CONCLUSIONS A biomimetic system with a biochemical Fenton reaction and lignocellulose-degrading bacteria was confirmed to be able for the pretreatment of RS to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis under mild conditions. The high digestibility was attributed to the destruction of the lignin structure, partial hydrolysis of the hemicellulose and partial surface oxidation of the cellulose. The mechanism of synergistic Fenton and B-8 pretreatment was also explored to understand the change in the RS and the bacterial effects on enzymatic hydrolysis. Furthermore, this biomimetic system offers new insights into the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejing Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengying Si
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengnan Zhuo
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingren Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Yan
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
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Trevorah RM, Huynh T, Vancov T, Othman MZ. Bioethanol potential of Eucalyptus obliqua sawdust using gamma-valerolactone fractionation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 250:673-682. [PMID: 29220812 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.11.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Optimisation of conditions for gamma-valerolactone (GVL) pretreatment of Australian eucalyptus sawdust for high cellulose biomass and bioethanol production was demonstrated. Pretreatment parameters investigated included GVL concentrations of 35-50% w/w, temperatures of 120-180 °C and reaction durations of 0.5-2.0 h. Optimum conditions were determined using the response surface method (RSM) and central composite face-centred design. Cellulose content increased from 39.9% to a maximum of 89.3% w/w using treatments with 50% GVL at 156 °C for 0.5 h. Temperature had the most significant effect (RSM p < .05) on cellulose content of residual biomass and reducing operational duration of < 0.5 h may be viable according to RSM. PSSF fermentations of optimised pretreated eucalyptus sawdust produced up to 94% theoretical ethanol yield, which corresponded to approximately 181 kg of ethanol per dry ton of eucalyptus sawdust. The compositions of both the residual biomass and pretreatment liquors show that GVL pretreatment is a promising solvent for lignocellulosic biorefining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond M Trevorah
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Swanston Street 3000, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Tien Huynh
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, Australia
| | - Tony Vancov
- NSW Department of Primary Industry, Wollongbar 2477, Australia
| | - Maazuza Z Othman
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Swanston Street 3000, Melbourne, Australia
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Physico-Chemical Conversion of Lignocellulose: Inhibitor Effects and Detoxification Strategies: A Mini Review. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020309. [PMID: 29389875 PMCID: PMC6017906 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass to produce biofuels, polymers, and other chemicals plays a vital role in the biochemical conversion process toward disrupting the closely associated structures of the cellulose-hemicellulose-lignin molecules. Various pretreatment steps alter the chemical/physical structure of lignocellulosic materials by solubilizing hemicellulose and/or lignin, decreasing the particle sizes of substrate and the crystalline portions of cellulose, and increasing the surface area of biomass. These modifications enhance the hydrolysis of cellulose by increasing accessibilities of acids or enzymes onto the surface of cellulose. However, lignocellulose-derived byproducts, which can inhibit and/or deactivate enzyme and microbial biocatalysts, are formed, including furan derivatives, lignin-derived phenolics, and carboxylic acids. These generation of compounds during pretreatment with inhibitory effects can lead to negative effects on subsequent steps in sugar flat-form processes. A number of physico-chemical pretreatment methods such as steam explosion, ammonia fiber explosion (AFEX), and liquid hot water (LHW) have been suggested and developed for minimizing formation of inhibitory compounds and alleviating their effects on ethanol production processes. This work reviews the physico-chemical pretreatment methods used for various biomass sources, formation of lignocellulose-derived inhibitors, and their contributions to enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial activities. Furthermore, we provide an overview of the current strategies to alleviate inhibitory compounds present in the hydrolysates or slurries.
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Djajadi DT, Jensen MM, Oliveira M, Jensen A, Thygesen LG, Pinelo M, Glasius M, Jørgensen H, Meyer AS. Lignin from hydrothermally pretreated grass biomass retards enzymatic cellulose degradation by acting as a physical barrier rather than by inducing nonproductive adsorption of enzymes. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:85. [PMID: 29619081 PMCID: PMC5880018 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignin is known to hinder efficient enzymatic conversion of lignocellulose in biorefining processes. In particular, nonproductive adsorption of cellulases onto lignin is considered a key mechanism to explain how lignin retards enzymatic cellulose conversion in extended reactions. RESULTS Lignin-rich residues (LRRs) were prepared via extensive enzymatic cellulose degradation of corn stover (Zea mays subsp. mays L.), Miscanthus × giganteus stalks (MS) and wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.) (WS) samples that each had been hydrothermally pretreated at three severity factors (log R0) of 3.65, 3.83 and 3.97. The LRRs had different residual carbohydrate levels-the highest in MS; the lowest in WS. The residual carbohydrate was not traceable at the surface of the LRRs particles by ATR-FTIR analysis. The chemical properties of the lignin in the LRRs varied across the three types of biomass, but monolignols composition was not affected by the severity factor. When pure cellulose was added to a mixture of LRRs and a commercial cellulolytic enzyme preparation, the rate and extent of glucose release were unaffected by the presence of LRRs regardless of biomass type and severity factor, despite adsorption of the enzymes to the LRRs. Since the surface of the LRRs particles were covered by lignin, the data suggest that the retardation of enzymatic cellulose degradation during extended reaction on lignocellulosic substrates is due to physical blockage of the access of enzymes to the cellulose caused by the gradual accumulation of lignin at the surface of the biomass particles rather than by nonproductive enzyme adsorption. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that lignin from hydrothermally pretreated grass biomass retards enzymatic cellulose degradation by acting as a physical barrier blocking the access of enzymes to cellulose rather than by inducing retardation through nonproductive adsorption of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demi T. Djajadi
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mads M. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Marlene Oliveira
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anders Jensen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth G. Thygesen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Manuel Pinelo
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marianne Glasius
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Henning Jørgensen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Present Address: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Anne S. Meyer
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads Building 229, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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de Almeida Antunes Ferraz JL, Souza LO, Soares GA, Coutinho JP, de Oliveira JR, Aguiar-Oliveira E, Franco M. Enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic residues using cellulolytic enzyme extract produced by Penicillium roqueforti ATCC 10110 cultivated on residue of yellow mombin fruit. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 248:214-220. [PMID: 28669572 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to enzymatic saccharification of food waste was performed by crude enzymatic cellulolytic extract produced by P. roqueforti cultivated in yellow mombin residue. The best yield of reducing sugars (259.45mgg-1) was achieved with sugarcane bagasse after 4h; the hydrolysis of corn cob, rice husk and peanut hull resulted in yields around 128-180mgg-1. The addition of 10mmolL-1 of Mn2+ potentiated the saccharification of sugarcane bagasse, in about 86%. The temperature and substrate (sugarcane bagasse) concentration parameters were optimized using a Doehlert Design and, a maximum sugar yield of 662.34±26.72mgg-1 was achieved at 62.40°C, 0.22% (w/v) of substrate, with the addition of Mn2+. Sugar yield was significantly high when compared to previous studies available in scientific literature, suggesting the use of crude cellulolytic supplemented with Mn2+ an alternative and promising process for saccharification of sugarcane bagasse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas Oliveira Souza
- Department of Exact Sciences and Natural, State University of Southwest Bahia (UESB), Postal Code: 45700-000 Itapetinga, Brazil
| | - Glêydison Amarante Soares
- Department of Exact Sciences and Technology, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Postal Code: 45654-370 Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Janclei Pereira Coutinho
- Department of Exact Sciences and Technology, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Postal Code: 45654-370 Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Julieta Rangel de Oliveira
- Department of Exact Sciences and Technology, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Postal Code: 45654-370 Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Elizama Aguiar-Oliveira
- Department of Exact Sciences and Technology, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Postal Code: 45654-370 Ilhéus, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Franco
- Department of Exact Sciences and Technology, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Postal Code: 45654-370 Ilhéus, Brazil.
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Kim D, Orrego D, Ximenes EA, Ladisch MR. Cellulose conversion of corn pericarp without pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:511-517. [PMID: 28898851 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report enzyme hydrolysis of cellulose in unpretreated pericarp at a cellulase loading of 0.25FPU/g pericarp solids using a phenol tolerant Aspergillus niger pectinase preparation. The overall protein added was 5mg/g and gave 98% cellulose conversion in 72h. However, for double the amount of enzyme from Trichoderma reesei, which is significantly less tolerant to phenols, conversion was only 16%. The key to achieving high conversion without pretreatment is combining phenol inhibition-resistant enzymes (such as from A. niger) with unground pericarp from which release of phenols is minimal. Size reduction of the pericarp, which is typically carried out in a corn-to-ethanol process, where corn is first ground to a fine powder, causes release of highly inhibitory phenols that interfere with cellulase enzyme activity. This work demonstrates hydrolysis without pretreatment of large particulate pericarp is a viable pathway for directly producing cellulose ethanol in corn ethanol plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehwan Kim
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2022, United States; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2093, United States
| | - David Orrego
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2022, United States; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2093, United States
| | - Eduardo A Ximenes
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2022, United States; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2093, United States
| | - Michael R Ladisch
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2022, United States; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2093, United States; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2032, United States.
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Gao J, Qian Y, Wang Y, Qu Y, Zhong Y. Production of the versatile cellulase for cellulose bioconversion and cellulase inducer synthesis by genetic improvement of Trichoderma reesei. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:272. [PMID: 29167702 PMCID: PMC5688634 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0963-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The enzymes for efficient hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass are a major factor in the development of an economically feasible cellulose bioconversion process. Up to now, low hydrolysis efficiency and high production cost of cellulases remain the significant hurdles in this process. The aim of the present study was to develop a versatile cellulase system with the enhanced hydrolytic efficiency and the ability to synthesize powerful inducers by genetically engineering Trichoderma reesei. RESULTS In our study, we employed a systematic genetic strategy to construct the carbon catabolite-derepressed strain T. reesei SCB18 to produce the cellulase complex that exhibited a strong cellulolytic capacity for biomass saccharification and an extraordinary high β-glucosidase (BGL) activity for cellulase-inducing disaccharides synthesis. We first identified the hypercellulolytic and uracil auxotrophic strain T. reesei SP4 as carbon catabolite repressed, and then deleted the carbon catabolite repressor gene cre1 in the genome. We found that the deletion of cre1 with the selectable marker pyrG led to a 72.6% increase in total cellulase activity, but a slight reduction in saccharification efficiency. To facilitate the following genetic modification, the marker pyrG was successfully removed by homologous recombination based on resistance to 5-FOA. Furthermore, the Aspergillus niger BGLA-encoding gene bglA was overexpressed, and the generated strain T. reesei SCB18 exhibited a 29.8% increase in total cellulase activity and a 51.3-fold enhancement in BGL activity (up to 103.9 IU/mL). We observed that the cellulase system of SCB18 showed significantly higher saccharification efficiency toward differently pretreated corncob residues than the control strains SDC11 and SP4. Moreover, the crude enzyme preparation from SCB18 with high BGL activity possessed strong transglycosylation ability to synthesize β-disaccharides from glucose. The transglycosylation product was finally utilized as the inducer for cellulase production, which provided a 63.0% increase in total cellulase activity compared to the frequently used soluble inducer, lactose. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we constructed a versatile cellulase system in T. reesei for efficient biomass saccharification and powerful cellulase inducer synthesis by combinational genetic manipulation of three distinct types of genes to achieve the customized cellulase production, thus providing a viable strategy for further strain improvement to reduce the cost of biomass-based biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanchao Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaohua Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 People’s Republic of China
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Zhang L, dos Santos ACF, Ximenes E, Ladisch M. Proteins at heterogeneous (lignocellulose) interfaces. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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77
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Wang X, Tsang YF, Li Y, Ma X, Cui S, Zhang TA, Hu J, Gao MT. Inhibitory effects of phenolic compounds of rice straw formed by saccharification during ethanol fermentation by Pichia stipitis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:1059-1067. [PMID: 28851161 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, it was found that the type of phenolic acids derived from rice straw was the major factor affecting ethanol fermentation by Pichia stipitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of phenolic acids on ethanol fermentation with rice straw. Different cellulases produced different ratios of free phenolic acids to soluble conjugated phenolic acids, resulting in different fermentation efficiencies. Free phenolic acids exhibited much higher inhibitory effect than conjugated phenolic acids. The flow cytometry results indicated that the damage to cell membranes was the primary mechanism of inhibition of ethanol fermentation by phenolic acids. The removal of free phenolic acids from the hydrolysates increased ethanol productivity by 2.0-fold, indicating that the free phenolic acids would be the major inhibitors formed during saccharification. The integrated process for ethanol and phenolic acids may constitute a new strategy for the production of low-cost ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiahui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yiu Fai Tsang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiubing Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shouqing Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Tian-Ao Zhang
- Department of Architecture, Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jiajun Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Min-Tian Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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Yao L, Yang H, Yoo CG, Meng X, Li M, Pu Y, Ragauskas AJ, Sykes RW. Adsorption of cellobiohydrolases I onto lignin fractions from dilute acid pretreated Broussonetia papyrifera. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:957-962. [PMID: 28847086 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Broussonetia papyrifera, known as paper mulberry, is a potential feed stock for bioethanol production because of its cellulose-rich composition. Lignin in dilute acid pretreated Broussonetia papyrifera was fractionated to three different fractions, and their physiochemical properties were determined by FT-IR, GPC and NMR analyses. Different structural characteristics were observed from each lignin fraction. Cellobiohydrolases I (CBH) adsorption to each lignin was understood by the lignin properties. The results showed that aliphatic hydroxyl groups in lignin showed positive correlations with the maximum binding ability of CBH onto lignin samples. Also, the contents of phenolic compounds such as p-hydroxyphenyl benzoate (PB), syringyl (S) and guaiacyl (G) units in the lignin influenced their CBH binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yao
- School of Pulp & Paper Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA
| | - Haitao Yang
- School of Pulp & Paper Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Chang Geun Yoo
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Xianzhi Meng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA
| | - Mi Li
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Yunqiao Pu
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Arthur J Ragauskas
- Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA; Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, Center of Renewable Carbon, The University of Tennessee, Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA.
| | - Robert W Sykes
- National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
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79
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Jin M, Sarks C, Bals BD, Posawatz N, Gunawan C, Dale BE, Balan V. Toward high solids loading process for lignocellulosic biofuel production at a low cost. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 114:980-989. [PMID: 27888662 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
High solids loadings (>18 wt%) in enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation are desired for lignocellulosic biofuel production at a high titer and low cost. However, sugar conversion and ethanol yield decrease with increasing solids loading. The factor(s) limiting sugar conversion at high solids loading is not clearly understood. In the present study, we investigated the effect of solids loading on simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) of AFEX™ (ammonia fiber expansion) pretreated corn stover for ethanol production using a xylose fermenting strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae 424A(LNH-ST). Decreased sugar conversion and ethanol yield with increasing solids loading were also observed. End-product (ethanol) was proven to be the major cause of this issue and increased degradation products with increasing solids loading was also a cause. For the first time, we show that with in situ removal of end-product by performing SSCF aerobically, sugar conversion stopped decreasing with increasing solids loading and monomeric sugar conversion reached as high as 93% at a high solids loading of 24.9 wt%. Techno-economic analysis was employed to explore the economic possibilities of cellulosic ethanol production at high solids loadings. The results suggest that low-cost in situ removal of ethanol during SSCF would significantly improve the economics of high solids loading processes. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 980-989. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Jin
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.,Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory (BCRL), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan
| | - Cory Sarks
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory (BCRL), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan
| | - Bryan D Bals
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory (BCRL), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan
| | - Nick Posawatz
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory (BCRL), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan
| | - Christa Gunawan
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory (BCRL), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan
| | - Bruce E Dale
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory (BCRL), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan
| | - Venkatesh Balan
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory (BCRL), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan
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80
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Narron RH, Han Q, Park S, Chang HM, Jameel H. Lignocentric analysis of a carbohydrate-producing lignocellulosic biorefinery process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 241:857-867. [PMID: 28629103 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A biologically-based lignocellulosic biorefinery process for obtaining carbohydrates from raw biomass was investigated across six diverse biomasses (three hardwoods & three nonwoods) for the purpose of decoding lignin's influence on sugar production. Acknowledging that lignin could positively alter the economics of an entire process if valorized appropriately, we sought to correlate the chemical properties of lignin within the process to the traditional metrics associated with carbohydrate production-cellulolytic digestibility and total sugar recovery. Based on raw carbohydrate, enzymatic recovery ranged from 40 to 64% w/w and total recovery ranged from 70 to 87% w/w. Using nitrobenzene oxidation to quantify non-condensed lignin structures, it was found that raw hardwoods bearing increasing non-condensed S/V ratios (2.5-5.1) render increasing total carbohydrate recovery from hardwood biomasses. This finding indicates that the chemical structure of hardwood lignin influences the investigated biorefinery process' ability to generate carbohydrates from a given raw hardwood feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Narron
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Dr, Raleigh 27607, NC, United States
| | - Qiang Han
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Dr, Raleigh 27607, NC, United States
| | - Sunkyu Park
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Dr, Raleigh 27607, NC, United States
| | - Hou-Min Chang
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Dr, Raleigh 27607, NC, United States
| | - Hasan Jameel
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, 2820 Faucette Dr, Raleigh 27607, NC, United States.
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81
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Wang L, Li B, Xu F, Li Y, Xu Z, Wei D, Feng Y, Wang Y, Jia D, Zhou Y. Visual in vivo degradation of injectable hydrogel by real-time and non-invasive tracking using carbon nanodots as fluorescent indicator. Biomaterials 2017; 145:192-206. [PMID: 28869865 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Visual in vivo degradation of hydrogel by fluorescence-related tracking and monitoring is crucial for quantitatively depicting the degradation profile of hydrogel in a real-time and non-invasive manner. However, the commonly used fluorescent imaging usually encounters limitations, such as intrinsic photobleaching of organic fluorophores and uncertain perturbation of degradation induced by the change in molecular structure of hydrogel. To address these problems, we employed photoluminescent carbon nanodots (CNDs) with low photobleaching, red emission and good biocompatibility as fluorescent indicator for real-time and non-invasive visual in vitro/in vivo degradation of injectable hydrogels that are mixed with CNDs. The in vitro/in vivo toxicity results suggested that CNDs were nontoxic. The embedded CNDs in hydrogels did not diffuse outside in the absence of hydrogel degradation. We had acquired similar degradation kinetics (PBS-Enzyme) between gravimetric and visual determination, and established mathematical equation to quantitatively depict in vitro degradation profile of hydrogels for the predication of in vivo hydrogel degradation. Based on the in vitro data, we developed a visual platform that could quantitatively depict in vivo degradation behavior of new injectable biomaterials by real-time and non-invasive fluorescence tracking. This fluorescence-related visual imaging methodology could be applied to subcutaneous degradation of injectable hydrogel with down to 7 mm depth in small animal trials so far. This fluorescence-related visual imaging methodology holds great potentials for rational design and convenient in vivo screening of biocompatible and biodegradable injectable hydrogels in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Baoqiang Li
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China.
| | - Feng Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- Sino-Russian Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Zheheng Xu
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Daqing Wei
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yujie Feng
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yaming Wang
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Dechang Jia
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China
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82
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Li X, Zheng Y. Lignin-enzyme interaction: Mechanism, mitigation approach, modeling, and research prospects. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:466-489. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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83
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Enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of hydrothermally pretreated empty fruit bunches at high solids loadings by the synergism of hemicellulase and polyethylene glycol. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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84
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Huang Y, Sun S, Huang C, Yong Q, Elder T, Tu M. Stimulation and inhibition of enzymatic hydrolysis by organosolv lignins as determined by zeta potential and hydrophobicity. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:162. [PMID: 28652863 PMCID: PMC5483266 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignin typically inhibits enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass, but certain organosolv lignins or lignosulfonates enhance enzymatic hydrolysis. The hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions between lignin and cellulases play critical roles in the enzymatic hydrolysis process. However, how to incorporate these two interactions into the consideration of lignin effects has not been investigated. RESULTS We examined the physicochemical properties and the structures of ethanol organosolv lignins (EOL) from hardwood and softwood and ascertained the association between lignin properties and their inhibitory and stimulatory effects on enzymatic hydrolysis. The zeta potential and hydrophobicity of EOL lignin samples, isolated from organosolv pretreatment of cottonwood (CW), black willow (BW), aspen (AS), eucalyptus (EH), and loblolly pine (LP), were determined and correlated with their effects on enzymatic hydrolysis of Avicel. EOLs from CW, BW, and AS improved the 72 h hydrolysis yield by 8-12%, while EOLs from EH and LP decreased the 72 h hydrolysis yield by 6 and 16%, respectively. The results showed a strong correlation between the 72 h hydrolysis yield with hydrophobicity and zeta potential. The correlation indicated that the hydrophobicity of EOL had a negative effect and the negative zeta potential of EOL had a positive effect. HSQC NMR spectra showed that β-O-4 linkages in lignin react with ethanol to form an α-ethoxylated β-O-4' substructure (A') during organosolv pretreatment. Considerable amounts of C2,6-H2,6 correlation in p-hydroxybenzoate (PB) units were observed for EOL-CW, EOL-BW, and EOL-AS, but not for EOL-EH and EOL-LP. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that the effect of lignin on enzymatic hydrolysis is a function of both hydrophobic interactions and electrostatic repulsions. The lignin inhibition is controlled by lignin hydrophobicity and the lignin stimulation is governed by the negative zeta potential. The net effect of lignin depends on the combined influence of hydrophobicity and zeta potential. This study has potential implications in biomass pretreatment for the reduction of lignin inhibition by increasing lignin negative zeta potential and decreasing hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Shaolong Sun
- Department of Biomedical, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
| | - Chen Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Qiang Yong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Thomas Elder
- USDA-Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 521 Devall Drive, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Maobing Tu
- Department of Biomedical, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
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85
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Zhang H, Wu S, Xie J. Evaluation of the effects of isolated lignin on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. Enzyme Microb Technol 2017; 101:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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86
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Bondancia TJ, Mattoso LHC, Marconcini JM, Farinas CS. A new approach to obtain cellulose nanocrystals and ethanol from eucalyptus cellulose pulp via the biochemical pathway. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 33:1085-1095. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thalita J. Bondancia
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering; Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos; SP 13565-905 Brazil
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA); Embrapa Instrumentação; Rua XV de Novembro, 1452 São Carlos SP 13560-970 Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique C. Mattoso
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA); Embrapa Instrumentação; Rua XV de Novembro, 1452 São Carlos SP 13560-970 Brazil
| | - José M. Marconcini
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA); Embrapa Instrumentação; Rua XV de Novembro, 1452 São Carlos SP 13560-970 Brazil
| | - Cristiane S. Farinas
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering; Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos; SP 13565-905 Brazil
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA); Embrapa Instrumentação; Rua XV de Novembro, 1452 São Carlos SP 13560-970 Brazil
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87
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An YX, Zong MH, Hu SQ, Li N. Effect of residual lignins present in cholinium ionic liquid-pretreated rice straw on the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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88
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Effects of dilute acid and flowthrough pretreatments and BSA supplementation on enzymatic deconstruction of poplar by cellulase and xylanase. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 157:1940-1948. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.11.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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89
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Perras FA, Luo H, Zhang X, Mosier NS, Pruski M, Abu-Omar MM. Atomic-Level Structure Characterization of Biomass Pre- and Post-Lignin Treatment by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization-Enhanced Solid-State NMR. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:623-630. [PMID: 28026949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b11121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is a promising sustainable feedstock for the production of biofuels, biomaterials, and biospecialty chemicals. However, efficient utilization of biomass has been limited by our poor understanding of its molecular structure. Here, we report a dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-enhanced solid-state (SS)NMR study of the molecular structure of biomass, both pre- and postcatalytic treatment. This technique enables the measurement of 2D homonuclear 13C-13C correlation SSNMR spectra under natural abundance, yielding, for the first time, an atomic-level picture of the structure of raw and catalytically treated biomass samples. We foresee that further such experiments could be used to determine structure-function relationships and facilitate the development of more efficient, and chemically targeted, biomass-conversion technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric A Perras
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Hao Luo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, and the Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ximing Zhang
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and the Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Nathan S Mosier
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and the Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Marek Pruski
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Mahdi M Abu-Omar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, and the Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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90
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Chen HZ, Liu ZH. Enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass from low to high solids loading. Eng Life Sci 2016; 17:489-499. [PMID: 32624794 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid state enzymatic hydrolysis (SSEH) has many advantages, such as higher sugar concentration, lower operating costs, and less energy input. It should be a potential approach for the industrial application of lignocellulosic ethanol. The purpose of this work is to review the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass from low to high solids loading and introduce its both challenges and perspectives. The limitations of SSEH, including inhibition effects, water constraint, and rheology characteristic, are summarized firstly. Various strategies for overcoming these limitations are proposed correspondingly. Fed batch process and its feeding strategy to improve the SSEH efficiency are then discussed. Finally, several intensification methods, hydrolysis reactor, and pilot- and demonstration-scale operations of SSEH are described. In-depth analysis of main limitations and development of novel intensification methods and reactors should provide an effective way to achieve large-scale implementation of SSEH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Zhang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhi-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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91
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Florencio C, Badino AC, Farinas CS. Soybean protein as a cost-effective lignin-blocking additive for the saccharification of sugarcane bagasse. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 221:172-180. [PMID: 27639236 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Addition of surfactants, polymers, and non-catalytic proteins can improve the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials by blocking the exposed lignin surfaces, but involves extra expense. Here, soybean protein, one of the cheapest proteins available, was evaluated as an alternative additive for the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated sugarcane bagasse. The effect of the enzyme source was investigated using enzymatic cocktails from A. niger and T. reesei cultivated under solid-state, submerged, and sequential fermentation. The use of soybean protein led to approximately 2-fold increases in hydrolysis, relative to the control, for both A. niger and T. reesei enzymatic cocktails from solid-state fermentation. The effect was comparable to that of BSA. Moreover, the use of soybean protein and a 1:1 combination of A. niger and T. reesei enzymatic cocktails resulted in 54% higher glucose release, compared to the control. Soybean protein is a potential cost-effective additive for use in the biomass conversion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Florencio
- Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro 1452, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Alberto C Badino
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane S Farinas
- Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro 1452, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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92
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Weiss ND, Thygesen LG, Felby C, Roslander C, Gourlay K. Biomass-water interactions correlate to recalcitrance and are intensified by pretreatment: An investigation of water constraint and retention in pretreated spruce using low field NMR and water retention value techniques. Biotechnol Prog 2016; 33:146-153. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noah D. Weiss
- Dept. of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | - Claus Felby
- Dept. of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | - Keith Gourlay
- Dept. of Forest Products, Biotechnology and Bioenergy; University of British Columbia; Vancouver Canada
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93
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Mihono K, Ohtsu T, Ohtani M, Yoshimoto M, Kamimura A. Modulation of cellulase activity by charged lipid bilayers with different acyl chain properties for efficient hydrolysis of ionic liquid-pretreated cellulose. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 146:198-203. [PMID: 27318965 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The stability of cellulase activity in the presence of ionic liquids (ILs) is critical for the enzymatic hydrolysis of insoluble cellulose pretreated with ILs. In this work, cellulase was incorporated in the liposomes composed of negatively charged 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoglycerol (POPG) and zwitterionic phosphatidylcholines (PCs) with different length and degree of unsaturation of the acyl chains. The liposomal cellulase-catalyzed reaction was performed at 45°C in the acetate buffer solution (pH 4.8) with 2.0g/L CC31 as cellulosic substrate. The crystallinity of CC31 was reduced by treating with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) at 120°C for 30min. The liposomal cellulase continuously catalyzed hydrolysis of the pretreated CC31 for 48h producing glucose in the presence of 15wt% [Bmim]Cl. The charged lipid membranes were interactive with [Bmim](+), as elucidated by the [Bmim]Cl-induced alterations in fluorescence polarization of the membrane-embedded 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) molecules. The charged membranes offered the microenvironment where inhibitory effects of [Bmim]Cl on the cellulase activity was relieved. The maximum glucose productivity GP of 10.8 mmol-glucose/(hmol-lipid) was obtained at the reaction time of 48h with the cellulase incorporated in the liposomes ([lipid]=5.0mM) composed of 50mol% POPG and 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosohocholine (DLPC) with relatively short and saturated acyl chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Mihono
- Department of Applied Molecular Bioscience, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, 755-8611, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ohtsu
- Department of Applied Molecular Bioscience, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, 755-8611, Japan
| | - Mai Ohtani
- Department of Applied Molecular Bioscience, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, 755-8611, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoshimoto
- Department of Applied Molecular Bioscience, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, 755-8611, Japan.
| | - Akio Kamimura
- Department of Applied Molecular Bioscience, Yamaguchi University, 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, 755-8611, Japan
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94
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Goldbeck R, Gonçalves TA, Damásio AR, Brenelli LB, Wolf LD, Paixão DA, Rocha GJ, Squina FM. Effect of hemicellulolytic enzymes to improve sugarcane bagasse saccharification and xylooligosaccharides production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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95
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Kim D, Ximenes EA, Nichols NN, Cao G, Frazer SE, Ladisch MR. Maleic acid treatment of biologically detoxified corn stover liquor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 216:437-445. [PMID: 27262718 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Elimination of microbial and enzyme inhibitors from pretreated lignocellulose is critical for effective cellulose conversion and yeast fermentation of liquid hot water (LHW) pretreated corn stover. In this study, xylan oligomers were hydrolyzed using either maleic acid or hemicellulases, and other soluble inhibitors were eliminated by biological detoxification. Corn stover at 20% (w/v) solids was LHW pretreated LHW (severity factor: 4.3). The 20% solids (w/v) pretreated corn stover derived liquor was recovered and biologically detoxified using the fungus Coniochaeta ligniaria NRRL30616. After maleic acid treatment, and using 5 filter paper units of cellulase/g glucan (8.3mg protein/g glucan), 73% higher cellulose conversion from corn stover was obtained for biodetoxified samples compared to undetoxified samples. This corresponded to 87% cellulose to glucose conversion. Ethanol production by yeast of pretreated corn stover solids hydrolysate was 1.4 times higher than undetoxified samples, with a reduction of 3h in the fermentation lag phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehwan Kim
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2032, United States; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2032, United States
| | - Eduardo A Ximenes
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2032, United States; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2032, United States
| | - Nancy N Nichols
- Bioenergy Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, United States
| | - Guangli Cao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Sarah E Frazer
- Bioenergy Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, United States
| | - Michael R Ladisch
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2032, United States; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2032, United States; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2032, United States.
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96
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Buntić AV, Pavlović MD, Antonović DG, Šiler-Marinković SS, Dimitrijević-Branković SI. Utilization of spent coffee grounds for isolation and stabilization of Paenibacillus chitinolyticus CKS1 cellulase by immobilization. Heliyon 2016; 2:e00146. [PMID: 27626091 PMCID: PMC5008956 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study has explored the feasibility of using spent coffee grounds as a good supporting material for the Paenibacillus chitinolyticus CKS1 cellulase immobilization. An optimal operational conditions in a batch-adsorption system were found to be: carrier mass of 12 g/L, under the temperature of 45 °C and no pH adjustments. The immobilization yield reached about 71%. An equilibrium establishment between the cellulase and the carrier surface occurred within 45 min, whereas the process kinetics may be predicted by the pseudo-second-order model. An immobilized cellulase preparation expressed very good avicelase activity, this reached up to 2.67 U/g, and revealed an improved storage stability property, compared to free enzyme sample counterpart. The addition of metal ions, such as K+ and Mg2+ did not affect positively immobilization yield results, but on the contrary, contributed to an improved bio-activities of the immobilized cellulase, thus may be employed before each enzyme application. The method developed in this study offers a cheap and effective alternative for immediate enzyme isolation from the production medium and its stabilization, compared to other carriers used for the immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta V Buntić
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija D Pavlović
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušan G Antonović
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica S Šiler-Marinković
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Suzana I Dimitrijević-Branković
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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97
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Structural Changes of Lignin after Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment and Its Effect on the Enzymatic Hydrolysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:8568604. [PMID: 27563678 PMCID: PMC4987466 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8568604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
During liquid hot water (LHW) pretreatment, lignin is mostly retained in the pretreated biomass, and the changes in the chemical and structural characteristics of lignin should probably refer to re-/depolymerization, solubilization, or glass transition. The residual lignin could influence the effective enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. The pure lignin was used to evaluate the effect of LHW process on its structural and chemical features. The surface morphology of LHW-treated lignin observed with the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was more porous and irregular than that of untreated lignin. Compared to the untreated lignin, the surface area, total pore volume, and average pore size of LHW-treated lignin tested with the Brunner-Emmet-Teller (BET) measurement were increased. FTIR analysis showed that the chemical structure of lignin was broken down in the LHW process. Additionally, the impact of untreated and treated lignin on the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose was also explored. The LHW-treated lignin had little impact on the cellulase adsorption and enzyme activities and somehow could improve the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose.
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98
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Qin LZ, Chen HZ. Evaluation of growth age for the diverse conversion of Ficus carica L. cut branches using steam explosion. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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99
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Vasconcellos V, Tardioli P, Giordano R, Farinas C. Addition of metal ions to a (hemi)cellulolytic enzymatic cocktail produced in-house improves its activity, thermostability, and efficiency in the saccharification of pretreated sugarcane bagasse. N Biotechnol 2016; 33:331-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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100
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Florencio C, Cunha FM, Badino AC, Farinas CS, Ximenes E, Ladisch MR. Secretome analysis of Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger cultivated by submerged and sequential fermentation processes: Enzyme production for sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis. Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 90:53-60. [PMID: 27241292 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cellulases and hemicellulases from Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger have been shown to be powerful enzymes for biomass conversion to sugars, but the production costs are still relatively high for commercial application. The choice of an effective microbial cultivation process employed for enzyme production is important, since it may affect titers and the profile of protein secretion. We used proteomic analysis to characterize the secretome of T. reesei and A. niger cultivated in submerged and sequential fermentation processes. The information gained was key to understand differences in hydrolysis of steam exploded sugarcane bagasse for enzyme cocktails obtained from two different cultivation processes. The sequential process for cultivating A. niger gave xylanase and β-glucosidase activities 3- and 8-fold higher, respectively, than corresponding activities from the submerged process. A greater protein diversity of critical cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes were also observed through secretome analyses. These results helped to explain the 3-fold higher yield for hydrolysis of non-washed pretreated bagasse when combined T. reesei and A. niger enzyme extracts from sequential fermentation were used in place of enzymes obtained from submerged fermentation. An enzyme loading of 0.7 FPU cellulase activity/g glucan was surprisingly effective when compared to the 5-15 times more enzyme loadings commonly reported for other cellulose hydrolysis studies. Analyses showed that more than 80% consisted of proteins other than cellulases whose role is important to the hydrolysis of a lignocellulose substrate. Our work combined proteomic analyses and enzymology studies to show that sequential and submerged cultivation methods differently influence both titers and secretion profile of key enzymes required for the hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse. The higher diversity of feruloyl esterases, xylanases and other auxiliary hemicellulolytic enzymes observed in the enzyme mixtures from the sequential fermentation could be one major reason for the more efficient enzyme hydrolysis that results when using the combined secretomes from A. niger and T. reesei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Florencio
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, IN 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil; Embrapa Instrumentation, 1452 XV de Novembro Street, 13560-970, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M Cunha
- Embrapa Instrumentation, 1452 XV de Novembro Street, 13560-970, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Sao Carlos, 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Alberto C Badino
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Sao Carlos, 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane S Farinas
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil; Embrapa Instrumentation, 1452 XV de Novembro Street, 13560-970, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Sao Carlos, 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ximenes
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, IN 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Michael R Ladisch
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, IN 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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