51
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McKenna MT, Weis JA, Quaranta V, Yankeelov TE. Leveraging Mathematical Modeling to Quantify Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Pathways: Equivalent Dose Metric. Front Physiol 2019; 10:616. [PMID: 31178753 PMCID: PMC6538812 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment response assays are often summarized by sigmoidal functions comparing cell survival at a single timepoint to applied drug concentration. This approach has a limited biophysical basis, thereby reducing the biological insight gained from such analysis. In particular, drug pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) properties are overlooked in developing treatment response assays, and the accompanying summary statistics conflate these processes. Here, we utilize mathematical modeling to decouple and quantify PK/PD pathways. We experimentally modulate specific pathways with small molecule inhibitors and filter the results with mechanistic mathematical models to obtain quantitative measures of those pathways. Specifically, we investigate the response of cells to time-varying doxorubicin treatments, modulating doxorubicin pharmacology with small molecules that inhibit doxorubicin efflux from cells and DNA repair pathways. We highlight the practical utility of this approach through proposal of the “equivalent dose metric.” This metric, derived from a mechanistic PK/PD model, provides a biophysically-based measure of drug effect. We define equivalent dose as the functional concentration of drug that is bound to the nucleus following therapy. This metric can be used to quantify drivers of treatment response and potentially guide dosing of combination therapies. We leverage the equivalent dose metric to quantify the specific intracellular effects of these small molecule inhibitors using population-scale measurements, and to compare treatment response in cell lines differing in expression of drug efflux pumps. More generally, this approach can be leveraged to quantify the effects of various pharmaceutical and biologic perturbations on treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T McKenna
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jared A Weis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Vito Quaranta
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Thomas E Yankeelov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.,Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.,Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.,Oden Institute for Computational and Engineering Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.,Livestrong Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
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52
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Hussain S, Singh A, Nazir SU, Tulsyan S, Khan A, Kumar R, Bashir N, Tanwar P, Mehrotra R. Cancer drug resistance: A fleet to conquer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14213-14225. [PMID: 31037763 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a disease that claims millions of lives each year across the world. Despite advancement in technologies and therapeutics for treating the disease, these modes are often found to turn ineffective during the course of treatment. The resistance against drugs in cancer patients stems from multiple factors, which constitute genetic heterogeneity like gene mutations, tumor microenvironment, exosomes, miRNAs, high rate of drug efflux from cells, and so on. This review attempts to collate all such known and reported factors that influence cancer drug resistance and may help researchers with information that might be useful in developing better therapeutics in near future to enable better management of several cancers across the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Showket Hussain
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Ankita Singh
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Sheeraz Un Nazir
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Sonam Tulsyan
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Asiya Khan
- Department of Lab Oncology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India
| | - Nasreena Bashir
- College of Applied Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ravi Mehrotra
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
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Sachs J, Döhl K, Weber A, Bonus M, Ehlers F, Fleischer E, Klinger A, Gohlke H, Pietruszka J, Schmitt L, Teusch N. Novel 3,4-Dihydroisocoumarins Inhibit Human P-gp and BCRP in Multidrug Resistant Tumors and Demonstrate Substrate Inhibition of Yeast Pdr5. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:400. [PMID: 31040786 PMCID: PMC6476959 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) in tumors and pathogens remains a major problem in the efficacious treatment of patients by reduction of therapy options and subsequent treatment failure. Various mechanisms are described to be involved in the development of MDR with overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters reflecting the most extensively studied. These membrane transporters translocate a wide variety of substrates utilizing energy from ATP hydrolysis leading to decreased intracellular drug accumulation and impaired drug efficacy. One treatment strategy might be inhibition of transporter-mediated efflux by small molecules. Isocoumarins and 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins are a large group of natural products derived from various sources with great structural and functional variety, but have so far not been in the focus as potential MDR reversing agents. Thus, three natural products and nine novel 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins were designed and analyzed regarding cytotoxicity induction and inhibition of human ABC transporters P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in a variety of human cancer cell lines as well as the yeast ABC transporter Pdr5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Dual inhibitors of P-gp and BCRP and inhibitors of Pdr5 were identified, and distinct structure-activity relationships for transporter inhibition were revealed. The strongest inhibitor of P-gp and BCRP, which inhibited the transporters up to 80 to 90% compared to the respective positive controls, demonstrated the ability to reverse chemotherapy resistance in resistant cancer cell lines up to 5.6-fold. In the case of Pdr5, inhibitors were identified that prevented substrate transport and/or ATPase activity with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. However, cell toxicity was not observed. Molecular docking of the test compounds to P-gp revealed that differences in inhibition capacity were based on different binding affinities to the transporter. Thus, these small molecules provide novel lead structures for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Sachs
- Bio-Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Applied Natural Sciences, Technische Hochschule Köln, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Katja Döhl
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anja Weber
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Michele Bonus
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Ehlers
- Bio-Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Applied Natural Sciences, Technische Hochschule Köln, Leverkusen, Germany
| | | | | | - Holger Gohlke
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,John von Neumann Institute for Computing, Jülich Supercomputing Centre and Institute for Complex Systems - Structural Biochemistry, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Jörg Pietruszka
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf im Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Lutz Schmitt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole Teusch
- Bio-Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Applied Natural Sciences, Technische Hochschule Köln, Leverkusen, Germany
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Innovative Therapeutic Strategies for Effective Treatment of Brain Metastases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061280. [PMID: 30875730 PMCID: PMC6471202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases are the most prevalent of intracranial malignancies. They are associated with a very poor prognosis and near 100% mortality. This has been the case for decades, largely because we lack effective therapeutics to augment surgery and radiotherapy. Notwithstanding improvements in the precision and efficacy of these life-prolonging treatments, with no reliable options for adjunct systemic therapy, brain recurrences are virtually inevitable. The factors limiting intracranial efficacy of existing agents are both physiological and molecular in nature. For example, heterogeneous permeability, abnormal perfusion and high interstitial pressure oppose the conventional convective delivery of circulating drugs, thus new delivery strategies are needed to achieve uniform drug uptake at therapeutic concentrations. Brain metastases are also highly adapted to their microenvironment, with complex cross-talk between the tumor, the stroma and the neural compartments driving speciation and drug resistance. New strategies must account for resistance mechanisms that are frequently engaged in this milieu, such as HER3 and other receptor tyrosine kinases that become induced and activated in the brain microenvironment. Here, we discuss molecular and physiological factors that contribute to the recalcitrance of these tumors, and review emerging therapeutic strategies, including agents targeting the PI3K axis, immunotherapies, nanomedicines and MRI-guided focused ultrasound for externally controlling drug delivery.
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55
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Matzneller P, Kussmann M, Eberl S, Maier-Salamon A, Jäger W, Bauer M, Langer O, Zeitlinger M, Poeppl W. Pharmacokinetics of the P-gp Inhibitor Tariquidar in Rats After Intravenous, Oral, and Intraperitoneal Administration. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2019; 43:599-606. [PMID: 29616423 PMCID: PMC6133083 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-018-0474-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background and objective P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a transmembrane transporter expressed at the blood–brain barrier, restricts the distribution of diverse central nervous system-targeted drugs from blood into brain, reducing their therapeutic efficacy. The third-generation P-gp inhibitor tariquidar (XR9576) was shown to enhance brain distribution of P-gp substrate drugs in humans. Oral bioavailability of tariquidar was found to be low in humans requiring the compound to be administered intravenously, which hinders a broader clinical use. The objective of the present study was to investigate the plasma pharmacokinetics of tariquidar in rats after single intravenous, oral, and intraperitoneal administration. Methods Two different tariquidar formulations (A and B) were used, both at a dosage of 15 mg/kg, respectively. Formulation A was a solution and formulation B was a microemulsion which was previously shown to improve the oral bioavailability of the structurally related P-gp inhibitor elacridar in mice. Results In contrast to human data, the present study found a high bioavailability of tariquidar in rats after oral dosing. Oral bioavailability was significantly higher (p = 0.032) for formulation B (86.3%) than for formulation A (71.6%). After intraperitoneal dosing bioavailability was 91.4% for formulation A and 99.6% for formulation B. Conclusion The present findings extend the available information on tariquidar and provide a basis for future studies involving oral administration of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Matzneller
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Kussmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Clinical Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Eberl
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Walter Jäger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Bauer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Langer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. .,Biomedical Systems, Center for Health and Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Seibersdorf, Austria. .,Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Markus Zeitlinger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Poeppl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Clinical Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Dermatology and Tropical Medicine, Military Medical Cluster East, Austrian Armed Forces, Vienna, Austria
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Taylor J, Bebawy M. Proteins Regulating Microvesicle Biogenesis and Multidrug Resistance in Cancer. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800165. [PMID: 30520565 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Microvesicles (MV) are emerging as important mediators of intercellular communication. While MVs are important signaling vectors for many physiological processes, they are also implicated in cancer pathology and progression. Cellular activation is perhaps the most widely reported initiator of MV biogenesis, however, the precise mechanism remains undefined. Uncovering the proteins involved in regulating MV biogenesis is of interest given their role in the dissemination of deleterious cancer traits. MVs shed from drug-resistant cancer cells transfer multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins to drug-sensitive cells and confer the MDR phenotype in a matter of hours. MDR is attributed to the overexpression of ABC transporters, primarily P-glycoprotein and MRP1. Their expression and functionality is dependent on a number of proteins. In particular, FERM domain proteins have been implicated in supporting the functionality of efflux transporters in drug-resistant cells and in recipient cells during intercellular transfer by vesicles. Herein, the most recent research on the proteins involved in MV biogenesis and in the dissemination of MV-mediated MDR are discussed. Attention is drawn to unanswered questions in the literature that may prove to be of benefit in ongoing efforts to improve clinical response to chemotherapy and circumventing MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Taylor
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, The University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mary Bebawy
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, The University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Guo Y, Wang K, Chen X, Li H, Wan Q, Morris-Natschke S, Lee KH, Chen Y. Seco-4-methyl-DCK derivatives as potent chemosensitizers. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:28-31. [PMID: 30455148 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-five seco-4-methyl-DCK derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for chemoreversal activity when combined with paclitaxel or vincristine in two drug-resistant cancer cell lines (A2780/T and KB-V) respectively. Most of the new compounds displayed moderate to significant MDR reversal activities in the P-gp overexpressing A2780/T and KB-V cells. Especially, compounds 7o and 7y showed the most potent chemosensitization activities with more than 496 and 735 reversal ratios at a concentration of 10 μM. Unexpectedly the newly synthesized compounds did not show chemosensitization activities observed in a non-P-gp overexpressing cisplatin resistant human ovarian cancer cell line (A2780/CDDP), implying that the MDR reversal effects might be associated with P-gp overexpression. Moreover, these compounds did not exhibit significant antiproliferative activities against nontumorigenic cell lines (HUVEC, HOSEC and T29) compared to the positive control verapamil at the tested concentration, which suggested better safety than verapamil. The pharmacological actions of the compounds will be studied further to explore their merit for development as novel candidates to overcome P-gp mediated MDR cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Guo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Haihong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qi Wan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Susan Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
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58
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Freimund AE, Beach JA, Christie EL, Bowtell DD. Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2018; 32:983-996. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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59
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Darwish S, Sadeghiani N, Fong S, Mozaffari S, Hamidi P, Withana T, Yang S, Tiwari RK, Parang K. Synthesis and antiproliferative activities of doxorubicin thiol conjugates and doxorubicin-SS-cyclic peptide. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 161:594-606. [PMID: 30396106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial toxicity and drug resistance caused by drug efflux are major limitations of doxorubicin (Dox)-based chemotherapy. Dox structure modification could be used to develop conjugates with an improved biological profile, such as antiproliferative activity and higher cellular retention. Thus, Dox thiol conjugates, Dox thiol (Dox-SH), thiol-reactive Dox-SS-pyridine (SS = disulfide), and a Dox-SS-cell-penetrating cyclic peptide, Dox-SS-[C(WR)4K], were synthesized. Dox was reacted with Traut's reagent to generate Dox-SH. The thiol group was activated by the reaction with dithiodipyridine to afford the corresponding Dox-SS-Pyridine (Dox-SS-Pyr). A cyclic cell-penetrating peptide containing a cysteine residue [C(WR)4K] was prepared using Fmoc solid-phase strategy. Dox-SS-Py was reacted with the free sulfhydryl of cysteine in [C(WR)4K] to generate Dox-SS-[C(WR)4K] as a Dox-cyclic peptide conjugate. Cytotoxicity of the compounds was examined in human embryonic kidney (HEK-293), human ovarian cancer (SKOV-3), human fibrosarcoma (HT-1080), and human leukemia (CCRF-CEM) cells. Dox-SH and Dox-SS-pyridine were found to have significantly higher or comparable cytotoxicity when compared to Dox in HEK-293, HT-1080, and CCRF-CEM cells after 24 h and 72 incubation, presumably because of higher activity and retention of the compounds in these cells. Furthermore, Dox-SS-[C(WR)4K] showed significantly higher cytotoxic activity in HEK-293, HT-1080, and SKOV-3 cells when compared with Dox after 72 h incubation. Dox-SS-Pyr exhibited higher cellular uptake than Dox-SS-[C(WR)4K] in HT-1080 and HEK-293 cells as shown by flow cytometry. Fluorescence microscopy exhibited that Dox-SS-Pyr, Dox-SH, and Dox-SS-[C(WR)4K] localized in the nucleus as shown in four cell lines, HT-1080, SKOV-3, MDA-MB-468, and MCF-7. Of note, Dox-SS-[C(WR)4K] was significantly less toxic in mouse myoblast cells compared to Dox at the same concentration. Further mechanistic study demonstrated that the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in myoblast cells exposed to Dox-SS-[C(WR)4K] was reduced in comparison of Dox when co-treated with FeCl2. These data indicate that Dox-SH, Dox-SS-Pyr, and Dox-SS-[C(WR)4K] have the potential to be further examined as Dox alternatives and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaban Darwish
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA, 92618, United States; Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, El Bohouth st, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Neda Sadeghiani
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA, 92618, United States
| | - Shirley Fong
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA, 92618, United States
| | - Saghar Mozaffari
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA, 92618, United States
| | - Parinaz Hamidi
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA, 92618, United States
| | - Thimanthi Withana
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA, 92618, United States
| | - Sun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA, 92618, United States
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tiwari
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA, 92618, United States.
| | - Keykavous Parang
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA, 92618, United States.
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Mohammadinia S, Abedi SM, Noaparast Z. St. John’s Wort accelerates the liver clearance of technetium-99-sestamibi in rats. Nucl Med Commun 2018; 39:839-844. [DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000000880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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61
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Sharif Makhmal Zadeh B, Esfahani G, Salimi A. Permeability of Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Polymeric Micelles Including Ginsenoside as P-glycoprotein Inhibitor through a Caco-2 Cells Monolayer as an Intestinal Absorption Model. Molecules 2018; 23:E1904. [PMID: 30065147 PMCID: PMC6222528 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The low oral bioavailability of ciprofloxacin is associated with two distinct challenges: its low aqueous solubility and efflux by p-glycoproteins (P-gp) in the intestinal membrane. Several studies were conducted in order to improve its solubility and permeability through the gastrointestinal membrane. In this study, in a full factorial design study, eight polymeric micelles were prepared and their characteristics, including particle size, loading and release rate were evaluated. Polymeric micelles demonstrated particle sizes below 190 nm and 27⁻88% loading efficiency. Drug release was affected by drug solubility, polymeric micelle erosion and swelling in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. An optimized polymeric micelle was prepared based on appropriate characteristics such as high drug loading and low particle size; and was used for a permeation study on Caco-2 cells. Optimized polymeric micelles with and without ginsenoside and ginsenoside alone enhanced drug permeability through Caco-2 cells significantly in the absorptive direction. The effect of ginsenoside was dose dependent and the maximum effect was seen in 0.23 mg/mL concentration. Results showed that P-gp may not be responsible for ciprofloxacin secretion into the gut. The main mechanism of ciprofloxacin transport through Caco-2 cells in both directions is active diffusion and P-gp has inhibitory effects on ciprofloxacin permeability in the absorptive direction that was blocked by ginsenoside and micelles without ginsenoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Sharif Makhmal Zadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Golestan Ave, Ahvaz 67123, Iran.
| | - Golbarg Esfahani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Golestan Ave, Ahvaz 67123, Iran.
| | - Anayatollah Salimi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Golestan Ave, Ahvaz 67123, Iran.
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Ghaleb H, Li H, Kairuki M, Qiu Q, Bi X, Liu C, Liao C, Li J, Hezam K, Huang W, Qian H. Design, synthesis and evaluation of a novel series of inhibitors reversing P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 92:1708-1716. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Ghaleb
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Huilan Li
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Mutta Kairuki
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Qianqian Qiu
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Xinzhou Bi
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Chunxia Liu
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Chen Liao
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Jieming Li
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Kamal Hezam
- Antibody Engineering Laboratory; School of Life Science and Technology; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Hai Qian
- Center of Drug Discovery; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
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63
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Wen Y, Zhao RQ, Zhang YK, Gupta P, Fu LX, Tang AZ, Liu BM, Chen ZS, Yang DH, Liang G. Effect of Y6, an epigallocatechin gallate derivative, on reversing doxorubicin drug resistance in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:29760-29770. [PMID: 28423656 PMCID: PMC5444701 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells can acquire resistance to a wide variety of diverse and unrelated drugs, this phenomenon is termed multidrug resistance (MDR). Multidrug resistance has been an obstacle to the success of cancer chemotherapy. The present study investigated the reversal effect of Y6, a new compound obtained by chemically modifying the structure of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) extracted from green tea. Y6 was proven to be effective in inhibiting cell proliferation and reversing drug resistance in doxorubicin (DOX) resistant human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (BEL-7404/DOX). BEL-7404/DOX cells were treated with either doxorubicin combination regimen (doxorubicin plus Y6 or epigallocatechin-3-gallate or verapamil separately) or doxorubicin alone. The results showed that cell proliferation was inhibited and late cell apoptosis increased in the combination treatment group, especially in the group treated with doxorubicin plus Y6. Further analysis revealed that the expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and multidrug resistance 1/P-glycoprotein decreased at both messenger RNA and protein levels by treatments with combined drugs compared to doxorubicin alone. Our results indicated that Y6, as a drug resistance reversal agent, increased the sensitivity of drug resistant cells to doxorubicin. The mechanisms of actions of Y6 in reversal effect were associated with the decreased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and multidrug resistance 1/P-glycoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Rui-Qiang Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Kai Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Pranav Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Li-Xiang Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - An-Zhou Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Bu-Ming Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanning 530022, P.R. China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Dong-Hua Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Gang Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
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64
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Aboutorabzadeh SM, Mosaffa F, Hadizadeh F, Ghodsi R. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 6-methoxy-2-arylquinolines as potential P-glycoprotein inhibitors. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 21:9-18. [PMID: 29372031 PMCID: PMC5776443 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.21892.5616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): In the present study, a new series of 6-methoxy-2-arylquinoline analogues was designed and synthesized as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors using quinine and flavones as the lead compounds. Materials and Methods: The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against two human cancer cell lines including EPG85-257RDB, multidrug-resistant gastric carcinoma cells (P-gp-positive gastric carcinoma cell line), and EPG85-257P, drug-sensitive gastric carcinoma cells. Compounds showing low to moderate toxicity in the MTT test were selected to investigate their P-gp inhibition activity. Moreover, trying to explain the results of biological experiments, docking studies of the selected compounds into the homology-modeled human P-gp, were carried out. The physicochemical and ADME properties of the compounds as drug candidate were also predicted. Results: Most of our compounds exhibited negligible or much lower cytotoxic effect in both cancer cells. Among the series, 5a and 5b, alcoholic quinoline derivatives were found to inhibit the efflux of rhodamine 123 at the concentration of 10 μM significantly. Conclusion: Among the tested quinolines, 5a and 5b showed the most potent P-gp inhibitory activity in the series and were 1.3-fold and 2.1-fold stronger than verapamil, respectively. SAR data revealed that hydroxyl methyl in position 4 of quinolines has a key role in P-gp efflux inhibition of our compounds. ADME studies suggested that all of the compounds included in this study may have a good human intestinal absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayyed Mohammad Aboutorabzadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mosaffa
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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65
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Targeted inhibitors of P-glycoprotein increase chemotherapeutic-induced mortality of multidrug resistant tumor cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:967. [PMID: 29343829 PMCID: PMC5772368 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters is often linked to multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer chemotherapies. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is one of the best studied drug transporters associated with MDR. There are currently no approved drugs available for clinical use in cancer chemotherapies to reverse MDR by inhibiting P-glycoprotein. Using computational studies, we previously identified several compounds that inhibit P-gp by targeting its nucleotide binding domain and avoiding its drug binding domains. Several of these compounds showed successful MDR reversal when tested on a drug resistant prostate cancer cell line. Using conventional two-dimensional cell culture of MDR ovarian and prostate cancer cells and three dimensional prostate cancer microtumor spheroids, we demonstrated here that co-administration with chemotherapeutics significantly decreased cell viability and survival as well as cell motility. The P-gp inhibitors were not observed to be toxic on their own. The inhibitors increased cellular retention of chemotherapeutics and reporter compounds known to be transport substrates of P-gp. We also showed that these compounds are not transport substrates of P-gp and that two of the three inhibit P-gp, but not the closely related ABC transporter, ABCG2/BCRP. The results presented suggest that these P-gp inhibitors may be promising leads for future drug development.
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66
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Duan Z, Chen C, Qin J, Liu Q, Wang Q, Xu X, Wang J. Cell-penetrating peptide conjugates to enhance the antitumor effect of paclitaxel on drug-resistant lung cancer. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:752-764. [PMID: 28468542 PMCID: PMC8253140 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1321060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To conquer the drug resistance of tumors and the poor solubility of paclitaxel (PTX), two PTX-cell-penetrating peptide conjugates (PTX-CPPs), PTX-TAT and PTX-LMWP, were synthesized and evaluated for the first time. Compared with free PTX, PTX-CPPs displayed significantly enhanced cellular uptake, elevated cell toxicity, increased cell apoptosis, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) in both A549 and A549T cells. PTX-LMWP exhibited a stronger inhibitory effect than PTX-TAT in A549T cells. Analysis of cell-cycle distribution showed that PTX-LMWP influenced mitosis in drug-resistant A549T tumor cells via a different mechanism than PTX. PTX-CPPs were more efficient in inhibiting tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice than free PTX, which suggested their better in vivo antitumor efficacy. Hence, this study demonstrates that PTX-CPPs, particularly PTX-LMWP, have outstanding potential for inhibiting the growth of tumors and are a promising approach for treating lung cancer, especially drug-resistant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Duan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Cuitian Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jing Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China, and
| | - Xinchun Xu
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China
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67
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Liu Z, Delavan B, Roberts R, Tong W. Lessons Learned from Two Decades of Anticancer Drugs. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2017; 38:852-872. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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68
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Cen J, Zheng B, Bai R, Zhang L, Zhang F, Zhang X. Triterpenoids from Aglaia abbreviata exert cytotoxicity and multidrug resistant reversal effect in MCF-7/ADM cells via reactive oxygen species induction and P-glycoprotein inhibition. Oncotarget 2017; 8:69465-69476. [PMID: 29050217 PMCID: PMC5642492 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triterpenoids from the Aglaia have been shown cytotoxicity on a broad spectrum of human tumor cells. In the present study, we extracted triterpenoids AA-5 (1) and AA-6 (2) from stems of Aglaia abbreviata, and studied their cytotoxicity in multidrug resistant (MDR) MCF-7/ADM cells. After 48 h treatment, AA-5 (1) and AA-6 (2) significantly increased mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis by enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) with depressed mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase-9 activities. The drug efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and the intracellular antioxidant systems, involving Glutathione S-Transferase π, Glutathione and heme oxygenase-1, were also inhibited via the ROS-depressed Akt/NF-E2-related factor 2 pathway. Furthermore, 2 h-treatment of AA-6 (2) at non-toxic concentrations exhibited MDR reversal effects with no alteration on P-gp expression but increased drug accumulation ability. AA-6 alos demonstrated synergetic effects with classic anti-tumor agents. Moreover, computational modeling studies showed that AA-6 (2) might bind to the modulator site on P-gp and act as an inhibitor, not a substrate of P-gp. Therefore, AA-5 (1) and AA-6 (2) may be effective anti-tumor and reversal agents for the further development of therapeutics against MDR breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Cen
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Rubing Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immune Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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69
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Hypoxia-induced mobilization of NHE6 to the plasma membrane triggers endosome hyperacidification and chemoresistance. Nat Commun 2017. [PMID: 28635961 PMCID: PMC5482059 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The pH-dependent partitioning of chemotherapeutic drugs is a fundamental yet understudied drug distribution mechanism that may underlie the low success rates of current approaches to counter multidrug resistance (MDR). This mechanism is influenced by the hypoxic tumour microenvironment and results in selective trapping of weakly basic drugs into acidified compartments such as the extracellular environment. Here we report that hypoxia not only leads to acidification of the tumour microenvironment but also induces endosome hyperacidification. The acidity of the vesicular lumen, together with the alkaline pH of the cytoplasm, gives rise to a strong intracellular pH gradient that drives intravesicular drug trapping and chemoresistance. Endosome hyperacidification is due to the relocalization of the Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 6 (NHE6) from endosomes to the plasma membrane, an event that involves binding of NHE6 to the activated protein kinase C-receptor for activated C kinase 1 complex. These findings reveal a novel mechanism of hypoxia-induced MDR that involves the aberrant intracellular distribution of NHE6.
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70
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Chen FQ, Zhang JM, Fang XF, Yu H, Liu YL, Li H, Wang YT, Chen MW. Reversal of paclitaxel resistance in human ovarian cancer cells with redox-responsive micelles consisting of α-tocopheryl succinate-based polyphosphoester copolymers. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017; 38:859-873. [PMID: 28260803 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle in achieving the therapeutic benefits of paclitaxel (PTX) in the treatment of human ovarian carcinoma. This study is aimed to develop an efficient PTX drug delivery approach to overcome MDR. Redox-responsive micelles consisting of amphiphilic polymers containing disulfide linkages, ie, poly (phosphate ester)-SS-D-α-tocopheryl succinate (POPEA-SS-TOS, PSST) were prepared. PTX-loaded PSST micelles (PTX/PSST-M) designed to display synergistic functions, including reversible inhibition of P-gp, intracellular redox-sensitive release and potent anticancer activities. The average size of PTX/PSST-M was 68.1±4.9 nm. The encapsulated PTX was released quickly through redox-triggered dissociation of micelles. The inhibition of P-gp activity and enhanced cellular accumulation of the PSST micelles were validated. PTX/PSST-M showed significantly increased cytotoxicity against PTX-resistant human ovarian cancer A2780/PTX cells: when the cells were treated with PTX/PSST-M for 48 h, the equivalent IC50 value of PTX was reduced from 61.51 to 0.49 μmol/L. The enhanced cytotoxic effects of PTX/PSST-M against A2780/PTX cells were attributed to their synergistic effects on reducing the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, ATP depletion, ROS production, and activation of apoptotic pathways. Furthermore, PTX/PSST-M significantly increased cell apoptosis/necrosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in A2780/PTX cells. These results demonstrate that the redox-responsive PSST micelles inhibit P-gp activity and have a good potential to effectively reverse PTX resistance in human ovarian carcinoma cells by activating intrinsic apoptotic pathways.
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71
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Dewanjee S, Dua TK, Bhattacharjee N, Das A, Gangopadhyay M, Khanra R, Joardar S, Riaz M, Feo VD, Zia-Ul-Haq M. Natural Products as Alternative Choices for P-Glycoprotein (P-gp) Inhibition. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22060871. [PMID: 28587082 PMCID: PMC6152721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is regarded as one of the bottlenecks of successful clinical treatment for numerous chemotherapeutic agents. Multiple key regulators are alleged to be responsible for MDR and making the treatment regimens ineffective. In this review, we discuss MDR in relation to P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and its down-regulation by natural bioactive molecules. P-gp, a unique ATP-dependent membrane transport protein, is one of those key regulators which are present in the lining of the colon, endothelial cells of the blood brain barrier (BBB), bile duct, adrenal gland, kidney tubules, small intestine, pancreatic ducts and in many other tissues like heart, lungs, spleen, skeletal muscles, etc. Due to its diverse tissue distribution, P-gp is a novel protective barrier to stop the intake of xenobiotics into the human body. Over-expression of P-gp leads to decreased intracellular accretion of many chemotherapeutic agents thus assisting in the development of MDR. Eventually, the effectiveness of these drugs is decreased. P-gp inhibitors act by altering intracellular ATP levels which are the source of energy and/or by affecting membrane contours to increase permeability. However, the use of synthetic inhibitors is known to cause serious toxicities. For this reason, the search for more potent and less toxic P-gp inhibitors of natural origin is underway. The present review aims to recapitulate the research findings on bioactive constituents of natural origin with P-gp inhibition characteristics. Natural bioactive constituents with P-gp modulating effects offer great potential for semi-synthetic modification to produce new scaffolds which could serve as valuable investigative tools to recognize the function of complex ABC transporters apart from evading the systemic toxicities shown by synthetic counterparts. Despite the many published scientific findings encompassing P-gp inhibitors, however, this article stand alones because it provides a vivid picture to the readers pertaining to Pgp inhibitors obtained from natural sources coupled with their mode of action and structures. It provides first-hand information to the scientists working in the field of drug discovery to further synthesise and discover new P-gp inhibitors with less toxicity and more efficacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Tarun K Dua
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Niloy Bhattacharjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Anup Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, ADAMAS University, Barasat, Kolkata 700126, India.
| | | | - Ritu Khanra
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Swarnalata Joardar
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal 18050, Pakistan.
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, Salerno University, Fisciano 84084, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ul-Haq
- Environment Science Department, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan.
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72
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To KKW, Wu X, Yin C, Chai S, Yao S, Kadioglu O, Efferth T, Ye Y, Lin G. Reversal of multidrug resistance by Marsdenia tenacissima and its main active ingredients polyoxypregnanes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 203:110-119. [PMID: 28363522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer is often associated with the overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein-1 (MRP-1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP or ABCG2), in cancer cells, which facilitates the active efflux of a wide variety of chemotherapeutic drugs out of the cells. Marsdenia tenacissima is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb that has long been clinically used for treatment of cancers, particularly in combinational use with anticancer drugs. Polyoxypregnanes (POPs) are identified as main constituents of this herb, and three of them have been reported to exhibit P-gp modulatory effect and thus reverse MDR. Therefore, it is of great necessity to investigate more POPs that have potential to reverse transporters-mediated MDR. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to identify POPs as the chemical basis responsible for circumventing ABC transporters-mediated MDR by M. tenacissima. MATERIALS AND METHODS The MDR reversal effects of M. tenacissima crude extract together with a series of isolated POPs were evaluated on several MDR cancer cell lines that overexpress P-gp, MRP1 or ABCG2. The activities of P-gp, MRP1 and ABCG2 were determined by the flow cytometry-based substrate efflux assay. Molecular docking of POPs to a three-dimensional human P-gp homology structure was also performed. RESULTS The crude extract of M. tenacissima was firstly found to circumvent P-gp-mediated MDR. Then, 11 polyoxypregnane compounds (POPs) isolated from this herb were found to overcome P-gp-, MRP1- and/or ABCG2-mediated MDR. Further mechanistic study delineated that the reversal of MDR by these POPs was due to significant increase in the intracellular concentrations of the substrate anticancer drugs via their inhibition of different ABC transporter-mediated efflux activities. Furthermore, molecular docking revealed that POPs with P-gp modulatory effect bound to P-gp and fitted well into the cavity between the alpha and beta subunit of P-gp via forming hydrogen bonds. In addition, several key structural determinants for inhibition of P-gp, MRP1 or ABCG2 by POPs were illustrated. CONCLUSIONS Our findings advocated the rational use of M. tenacissima to enhance efficacies of conventional anticancer drugs in tumors with ABC drug transporters-mediated MDR. Furthermore, 11 POPs were found to contribute to MDR reversal effect of M. tenacissima via inhibition of different ABC efflux transporters.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Drug Resistance, Multiple/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Marsdenia/chemistry
- Molecular Docking Simulation
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/genetics
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Pregnanes/isolation & purification
- Pregnanes/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K W To
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Joint Research Laboratory of Promoting Globalization of Traditional Chinese Medicines between The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - Xu Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Joint Research Laboratory of Promoting Globalization of Traditional Chinese Medicines between The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - Chun Yin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Joint Research Laboratory of Promoting Globalization of Traditional Chinese Medicines between The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - Stella Chai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Joint Research Laboratory of Promoting Globalization of Traditional Chinese Medicines between The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - Sheng Yao
- Joint Research Laboratory of Promoting Globalization of Traditional Chinese Medicines between The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Onat Kadioglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yang Ye
- Joint Research Laboratory of Promoting Globalization of Traditional Chinese Medicines between The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Ge Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Joint Research Laboratory of Promoting Globalization of Traditional Chinese Medicines between The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China.
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Genovese I, Ilari A, Assaraf YG, Fazi F, Colotti G. Not only P-glycoprotein: Amplification of the ABCB1- containing chromosome region 7q21 confers multidrug resistance upon cancer cells by coordinated overexpression of an assortment of resistance-related proteins. Drug Resist Updat 2017; 32:23-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Hu T, Li Z, Gao CY, Cho CH. Mechanisms of drug resistance in colon cancer and its therapeutic strategies. World J Gastroenterol 2017. [PMID: 27570424 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.vss.i30.6876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance develops in nearly all patients with colon cancer, leading to a decrease in the therapeutic efficacies of anticancer agents. This review provides an up-to-date summary on over-expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and evasion of apoptosis, two representatives of transport-based and non-transport-based mechanisms of drug resistance, as well as their therapeutic strategies. Different ABC transporters were found to be up-regulated in colon cancer, which can facilitate the efflux of anticancer drugs out of cancer cells and decrease their therapeutic effects. Inhibition of ABC transporters by suppressing their protein expressions or co-administration of modulators has been proven as an effective approach to sensitize drug-resistant cancer cells to anticancer drugs in vitro. On the other hand, evasion of apoptosis observed in drug-resistant cancers also results in drug resistance to anticancer agents, especially to apoptosis inducers. Restoration of apoptotic signals by BH3 mimetics or epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors and inhibition of cancer cell growth by alternative cell death pathways, such as autophagy, are effective means to treat such resistant cancer types. Given that the drug resistance mechanisms are different among colon cancer patients and may change even in a single patient at different stages, personalized and specific combination therapy is proposed to be more effective and safer for the reversal of drug resistance in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hu
- Tao Hu, Chi Hin Cho, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Tao Hu, Chi Hin Cho, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Ying Gao
- Tao Hu, Chi Hin Cho, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Tao Hu, Chi Hin Cho, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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75
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Xia X, Cole SPC, Cai T, Cai Y. Effect of traditional Chinese medicine components on multidrug resistance in tumors mediated by P-glycoprotein. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3989-3996. [PMID: 28588693 PMCID: PMC5452909 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major cause of chemotherapy failure. It occurs when an organism is resistant to one type of drug, but also develops resistance to other drugs with different structures and targets. There is a high incidence of MDR in cancer chemotherapy, therefore, finding an effective and non-toxic MDR reversal agent is an important goal, particularly for P-glycoprotein-mediated MDR in cancer. Improvements continue to be made to the status and understanding of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), due to the advantages of low toxicity and relatively minor side effects. Therefore TCM is currently being used in the treatment of various types of diseases. In recent years, numerous components of TCM have been identified to be effective in reversing MDR by downregulating expression of the drug transporter membrane protein, recovering changes in enzymes involved in detoxification and metabolism and repairing the cell apoptosis pathway. The present study summarizes the anticancerous properties and MDR reversing components of traditional medicinal plants commonly used in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Oncology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Susan P C Cole
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Tiange Cai
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110036, P.R. China
| | - Yu Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Oncology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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76
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Bugde P, Biswas R, Merien F, Lu J, Liu DX, Chen M, Zhou S, Li Y. The therapeutic potential of targeting ABC transporters to combat multi-drug resistance. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:511-530. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1310841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Bugde
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Riya Biswas
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Fabrice Merien
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Science, AUT Roche Diagnostic Laboratory, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Interprofessional Health Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Dong-Xu Liu
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shufeng Zhou
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Interprofessional Health Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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77
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Miller MA, Weissleder R. Imaging the pharmacology of nanomaterials by intravital microscopy: Toward understanding their biological behavior. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 113:61-86. [PMID: 27266447 PMCID: PMC5136524 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic nanoparticles (NPs) can deliver cytotoxic chemotherapeutics and other drugs more safely and efficiently to patients; furthermore, selective delivery to target tissues can theoretically be accomplished actively through coating NPs with molecular ligands, and passively through exploiting physiological "enhanced permeability and retention" features. However, clinical trial results have been mixed in showing improved efficacy with drug nanoencapsulation, largely due to heterogeneous NP accumulation at target sites across patients. Thus, a clear need exists to better understand why many NP strategies fail in vivo and not result in significantly improved tumor uptake or therapeutic response. Multicolor in vivo confocal fluorescence imaging (intravital microscopy; IVM) enables integrated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) measurement at the single-cell level, and has helped answer key questions regarding the biological mechanisms of in vivo NP behavior. This review summarizes progress to date and also describes useful technical strategies for successful IVM experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles A Miller
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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78
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Morad SAF, Davis TS, MacDougall MR, Tan SF, Feith DJ, Desai DH, Amin SG, Kester M, Loughran TP, Cabot MC. Role of P-glycoprotein inhibitors in ceramide-based therapeutics for treatment of cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 130:21-33. [PMID: 28189725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer properties of ceramide, a sphingolipid with potent tumor-suppressor properties, can be dampened via glycosylation, notably in multidrug resistance wherein ceramide glycosylation is characteristically elevated. Earlier works using the ceramide analog, C6-ceramide, demonstrated that the antiestrogen tamoxifen, a first generation P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor, blocked C6-ceramide glycosylation and magnified apoptotic responses. The present investigation was undertaken with the goal of discovering non-anti-estrogenic alternatives to tamoxifen that could be employed as adjuvants for improving the efficacy of ceramide-centric therapeutics in treatment of cancer. Herein we demonstrate that the tamoxifen metabolites, desmethyltamoxifen and didesmethyltamoxifen, and specific, high-affinity P-gp inhibitors, tariquidar and zosuquidar, synergistically enhanced C6-ceramide cytotoxicity in multidrug resistant HL-60/VCR acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells, whereas the selective estrogen receptor antagonist, fulvestrant, was ineffective. Active C6-ceramide-adjuvant combinations elicited mitochondrial ROS production and cytochrome c release, and induced apoptosis. Cytotoxicity was mitigated by introduction of antioxidant. Effective adjuvants markedly inhibited C6-ceramide glycosylation as well as conversion to sphingomyelin. Active regimens were also effective in KG-1a cells, a leukemia stem cell-like line, and in LoVo human colorectal cancer cells, a solid tumor model. In summary, our work details discovery of the link between P-gp inhibitors and the regulation and potentiation of ceramide metabolism in a pro-apoptotic direction in cancer cells. Given the active properties of these adjuvants in synergizing with C6-ceramide, independent of drug resistance status, stemness, or cancer type, our results suggest that the C6-ceramide-containing regimens could provide alternative, promising therapeutic direction, in addition to finding novel, off-label applications for P-gp inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy A F Morad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, East Carolina University, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Greenville, NC, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Traci S Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, East Carolina University, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Matthew R MacDougall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, East Carolina University, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Su-Fern Tan
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - David J Feith
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States; University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Dhimant H Desai
- Penn State University College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University Drive, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Shantu G Amin
- Penn State University College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University Drive, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Mark Kester
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Thomas P Loughran
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States; University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Myles C Cabot
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, East Carolina University, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Greenville, NC, United States.
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79
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El-Awady R, Saleh E, Hashim A, Soliman N, Dallah A, Elrasheed A, Elakraa G. The Role of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic ABC Transporter Family in Failure of Chemotherapy. Front Pharmacol 2017; 7:535. [PMID: 28119610 PMCID: PMC5223437 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the years chemotherapy failure has been a vital research topic as researchers have been striving to discover reasons behind it. The extensive studies carried out on chemotherapeutic agents confirm that resistance to chemotherapy is a major reason for treatment failure. “Resistance to chemotherapy,” however, is a comprehensive phrase that refers to a variety of different mechanisms in which ATP-binding cassette (ABC) mediated efflux dominates. The ABC is one of the largest gene superfamily of transporters among both eukaryotes and prokaryotes; it represents a variety of genes that code for proteins, which perform countless functions, including drug efflux – a natural process that protects cells from foreign chemicals. Up to date, chemotherapy failure due to ABC drug efflux is an active research topic that continuously provides further evidence on multiple drug resistance (MDR), aiding scientists in tackling and overcoming this issue. This review focuses on drug resistance by ABC efflux transporters in human, viral, parasitic, fungal and bacterial cells and highlights the importance of the MDR permeability glycoprotein being the mutual ABC transporter among all studied organisms. Current developments and future directions to overcome this problem are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raafat El-Awady
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ekram Saleh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of SharjahSharjah, United Arab Emirates; National Cancer Institute - Cancer Biology Department, Cairo UniversityCairo, Egypt
| | - Amna Hashim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nehal Soliman
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alaa Dallah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Azza Elrasheed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghada Elakraa
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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80
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Ingthorsson S, Briem E, Bergthorsson JT, Gudjonsson T. Epithelial Plasticity During Human Breast Morphogenesis and Cancer Progression. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2016; 21:139-148. [PMID: 27815674 PMCID: PMC5159441 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-016-9366-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the complex events leading to formation of an epithelial-based organ such as the breast requires a detailed insight into the crosstalk between epithelial and stromal compartments. These interactions occur both through heterotypic cellular interactions and between cells and matrix components. While in vivo models may partially capture these complex interactions, there is a need for in- vitro models to study these events. In this review we discuss cell-cell interactions in breast development focusing on the stem cell niche and branching morphogenesis. Given the recent understanding that the basic developmental events underlying branching morphogenesis are closely related to pathways important to cancer progression, i.e. epithelial plasticity and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), we will also discuss aspects relevant to cancer progression. In cancer, the adoption of mesenchymal phenotype by the malignant cells allows stromal invasion and subsequent intravasation to blood- or lymphatic vessels, a route that is a prerequisite for metastasis. A number of publications have demonstrated that tumor initiating cells, sometimes referred to as cancer stem cells adapt an EMT phenotype that renders them more resistant to apoptosis and drug therapy. The mechanism behind this phenomenon is currently unknown but this may partially explain relapse in breast cancer patients. Increased understanding of branching morphogenesis in the breast gland and the regulation of EMT and its reverse process mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) may hold the keys for future development of methods/drugs that neutralize the invading properties of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saevar Ingthorsson
- Stem Cell Research Unit, Biomedical Center, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Eirikur Briem
- Stem Cell Research Unit, Biomedical Center, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Jon Thor Bergthorsson
- Stem Cell Research Unit, Biomedical Center, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, Landspitali, University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Thorarinn Gudjonsson
- Stem Cell Research Unit, Biomedical Center, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, Landspitali, University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland.
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81
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Fujioka H, Sakai A, Tanaka S, Kimura K, Miyamoto A, Iwamoto M, Uchiyama K. Comparative proteomic analysis of paclitaxel resistance-related proteins in human breast cancer cell lines. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:289-295. [PMID: 28123557 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel is widely used to treat various cancers; however, resistance to this drug is a major obstacle to breast cancer chemotherapy. To identify the proteins involved in paclitaxel resistance, the present study compared the proteomes of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and its paclitaxel-resistant subclone MCF-7/PTX. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, 11 upregulated and 12 downregulated proteins were identified in MCF-7/PTX cells compared with the parental cell line. These 23 proteins were functionally classified as stress-induced chaperones, metabolic enzymes and cytoskeletal proteins. The anti-apoptotic proteins, stress-70 protein, 78-kD glucose-regulated protein, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A (PPIA) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H3, were also upregulated in MCF-7/PTX cells. Notably, knockdown of the stress-response chaperone PPIA using small interfering RNA in MCF-7/PTX cells restored their sensitivity to paclitaxel. These findings indicated that PPIA may have an important role in paclitaxel resistance in MCF-7/PTX cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Fujioka
- Section of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Akiko Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Satoru Tanaka
- Section of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Kosei Kimura
- Section of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyamoto
- Section of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Iwamoto
- Section of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Uchiyama
- Section of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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82
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Jian Z, Strait A, Jimeno A, Wang XJ. Cancer Stem Cells in Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 137:31-37. [PMID: 27638386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are found in many cancer types, including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). CSCs initiate cancer formation and are linked to metastasis and resistance to therapies. Studies have revealed that several distinct CSC populations coexist in SCC and that tumor initiation and metastatic potential of these populations can be uncoupled. Therefore, it is critical to understand CSC biology to develop novel CSC-targeted therapies for patients with SCC with poor prognoses. This review compares the properties of CSCs in SCC with normal stem cells in the skin, summarizes current advances and characteristics of CSCs, and considers the challenges for CSC-targeted treatment of SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Jian
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Alexander Strait
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Antonio Jimeno
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
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83
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Hu T, Li Z, Gao CY, Cho CH. Mechanisms of drug resistance in colon cancer and its therapeutic strategies. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:6876-6889. [PMID: 27570424 PMCID: PMC4974586 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i30.6876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance develops in nearly all patients with colon cancer, leading to a decrease in the therapeutic efficacies of anticancer agents. This review provides an up-to-date summary on over-expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and evasion of apoptosis, two representatives of transport-based and non-transport-based mechanisms of drug resistance, as well as their therapeutic strategies. Different ABC transporters were found to be up-regulated in colon cancer, which can facilitate the efflux of anticancer drugs out of cancer cells and decrease their therapeutic effects. Inhibition of ABC transporters by suppressing their protein expressions or co-administration of modulators has been proven as an effective approach to sensitize drug-resistant cancer cells to anticancer drugs in vitro. On the other hand, evasion of apoptosis observed in drug-resistant cancers also results in drug resistance to anticancer agents, especially to apoptosis inducers. Restoration of apoptotic signals by BH3 mimetics or epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors and inhibition of cancer cell growth by alternative cell death pathways, such as autophagy, are effective means to treat such resistant cancer types. Given that the drug resistance mechanisms are different among colon cancer patients and may change even in a single patient at different stages, personalized and specific combination therapy is proposed to be more effective and safer for the reversal of drug resistance in clinics.
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84
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Pluronic P85-coated poly(butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles overcome phenytoin resistance in P-glycoprotein overexpressing rats with lithium-pilocarpine-induced chronic temporal lobe epilepsy. Biomaterials 2016; 97:110-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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85
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Chen CY, Liu NY, Lin HC, Lee CY, Hung CC, Chang CS. Synthesis and bioevaluation of novel benzodipyranone derivatives as P-glycoprotein inhibitors for multidrug resistance reversal agents. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 118:219-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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86
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Guglielmo S, Lazzarato L, Contino M, Perrone MG, Chegaev K, Carrieri A, Fruttero R, Colabufo NA, Gasco A. Structure-Activity Relationship Studies on Tetrahydroisoquinoline Derivatives: [4'-(6,7-Dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-ylmethyl)biphenyl-4-ol] (MC70) Conjugated through Flexible Alkyl Chains with Furazan Moieties Gives Rise to Potent and Selective Ligands of P-glycoprotein. J Med Chem 2016; 59:6729-38. [PMID: 27336199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a well-known membrane transporter expressed in a number of strategic biological barriers, where it exerts a protective effect of paramount importance. Conversely it is one of the main causes of multidrug resistance (MDR), being capable of effluxing many chemotherapeutics. In a development of previous research, a small library of compounds was created conjugating diversely substituted furazan rings with MC70, a well-known P-gp inhibitor. These compounds were assessed for their potency against P-gp and another transporter (MRP1), for their apparent permeability (Papp) and for their ability to induce ATPase activity, thus delineating a complete functional profile. They displayed a substrate mechanism of action and high selectivity toward P-gp, unlike the lead compound. Data relating to their activity range from low micromolar to sub-nanomolar EC50, the most interesting compounds being 15 (0.97 nM), 19 (1.3 nM), 25 (0.60 nM), and 27 (0.90 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Guglielmo
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Loretta Lazzarato
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco Università degli Studi di Bari "A. Moro" , Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria G Perrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco Università degli Studi di Bari "A. Moro" , Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Konstantin Chegaev
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Antonio Carrieri
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco Università degli Studi di Bari "A. Moro" , Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Fruttero
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Nicola A Colabufo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco Università degli Studi di Bari "A. Moro" , Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.,Biofordrug s.r.l., Spin-off dell'Università degli Studi di Bari "A. Moro" Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Alberto Gasco
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy
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87
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Kümler I, Stenvang J, Moreira J, Brünner N, Nielsen DL. Drug transporters in breast cancer: response to anthracyclines and taxanes. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2016; 15:1075-92. [PMID: 26313418 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2015.1067610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Despite the advances that have taken place in the past decade, including the development of novel molecular targeted agents, cytotoxic chemotherapy remains the mainstay of cancer treatment. In breast cancer, anthracyclines and taxanes are the two main chemotherapeutic options used on a routine basis. Although effective, their usefulness is limited by the inevitable development of resistance, a lack of response to drug-induced cancer cell death. A large body of research has resulted in the characterization of a plethora of mechanisms involved in resistance; ATP-binding cassette transporter proteins, through their function in xenobiotic clearance, play an important role in resistance. We review here the current evidence for drug transporters as biomarkers and the benefit of adding drug transporter modulators to conventional chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iben Kümler
- a ¹ Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
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88
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Classification, Treatment Strategy, and Associated Drug Resistance in Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2016; 16:335-343. [PMID: 27268750 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women, affecting 1.7 million patients every year worldwide. As a result of its heterogeneous nature, the genetic profile and associated clinical feature varies greatly among different breast cancer subtypes. With the advancement of molecular biology, our understanding of breast cancer has improved greatly in recent years. In this review, we examine different types of breast cancer and summarize their clinical features, current treatment schemes, and potential drug resistance profiles in response to treatments. We believe that the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of each treatment and subsequent drug resistance development will eventually lead to the discovery of more effective and efficient second-line therapeutics.
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89
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Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of NSC23925b, a novel P-glycoprotein inhibitor: preclinical study in mice and rats. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25659. [PMID: 27157103 PMCID: PMC4860631 DOI: 10.1038/srep25659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) increases multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer, which greatly impedes satisfactory clinical treatment and outcomes of cancer patients. Due to unknown pharmacokinetics, the use of Pgp inhibitors to overcome MDR in the clinical setting remains elusive despite promising in vitro results. The purpose of our current preclinical study is to investigate the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of NSC23925b, a novel and potent P-glycoprotein inhibitor, in rodents. Plasma pharmacokinetic studies of single-dose NSC23925b alone or in combination with paclitaxel or doxorubicin were conducted in male BALB/c mice and Sprague-Dawley rats. Additionally, inhibition of human cytochrome P450 (CYP450) by NSC23925b was examined in vitro. Finally, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of NSC23925b was determined. NSC23925b displayed favorable pharmacokinetic profiles after intraperitoneal/intravenous (I.P./I.V.) injection alone or combined with chemotherapeutic drugs. The plasma pharmacokinetic characteristics of the chemotherapy drugs were not affected when co-administered with NSC23925b. All the animals tolerated the I.P./I.V. administration of NSC23925b. Moreover, the enzymatic activity of human CYP450 was not inhibited by NSC23925b. Our results demonstrated that Pgp inhibitor NSC23925b exhibits encouraging preclinical pharmacokinetic characteristics and limited toxicity in vivo. NSC23925b has the potential to treat cancer patients with MDR in the future.
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90
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Wu G, Wilson G, George J, Liddle C, Hebbard L, Qiao L. Overcoming treatment resistance in cancer: Current understanding and tactics. Cancer Lett 2016; 387:69-76. [PMID: 27089987 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is the standard treatment for many, if not all, metastatic cancers. While chemotherapy is often capable of inducing cell death in tumors leading to shrinkage of the tumor bulk, many patients suffer from recurrence and ultimately death due to resistance. During the last decade, treatment resistance has attracted great attention followed by some seminal discoveries, including sequential mutations, cancer stem cells, and bidirectional inter-conversion of stem and non-stem cancer cell populations. Nevertheless, the successful treatment of cancer will require a considerable refinement of our knowledge concerning treatment resistance. In doing so, we expect that a more informed and refined approach to treat cancer will be developed and this may improve prognosis of cancer patients. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge concerning the failure of cancer treatments and the potential approaches to overcome therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Wu
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - George Wilson
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Christopher Liddle
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Lionel Hebbard
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
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91
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Yu J, Zhou P, Asenso J, Yang XD, Wang C, Wei W. Advances in plant-based inhibitors of P-glycoprotein. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:867-81. [PMID: 26932198 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2016.1149476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) has emerged as the main problem in anti-cancer therapy. Although MDR involves complex factors and processes, the main pivot is the expression of multidrug efflux pumps. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) belongs to the family of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. It functions in cellular detoxification, pumping a wide range of xenobiotic compounds out of the cell. An attractive therapeutic strategy for overcoming MDR is to inhibit the transport function of P-gp and thus, increase intracellular concentration of drugs. Recently, various types of P-gp inhibitors have been found and used in experiments. However, none of them has passed clinical trials due to their high side-effects. Hence, the search for alternatives, such as plant-based P-gp inhibitors have gained attention recently. Therefore, we give an overview of the source, function, structure and mechanism of plant-based P-gp inhibitors and give more attention to cancer-related studies. These products could be the future potential drug candidates for further research as P-gp inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yu
- a Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China .,b Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education , Hefei , China , and.,c Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine , Hefei , China
| | - Peng Zhou
- a Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China .,b Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education , Hefei , China , and.,c Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine , Hefei , China
| | - James Asenso
- a Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China .,b Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education , Hefei , China , and.,c Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine , Hefei , China
| | - Xiao-Dan Yang
- a Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China .,b Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education , Hefei , China , and.,c Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine , Hefei , China
| | - Chun Wang
- a Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China .,b Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education , Hefei , China , and.,c Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine , Hefei , China
| | - Wei Wei
- a Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China .,b Key Laboratory of Antiinflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education , Hefei , China , and.,c Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine , Hefei , China
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Abstract
Chemoresistant metastatic relapse of minimal residual disease plays a significant role for poor prognosis of cancer. Growing evidence supports a critical role of cancer stem cell (CSC) behind the mechanisms for this deadly disease. This review briefly introduces the basics of the conventional chemotherapies, updates the CSC theories, highlights the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which CSC smartly designs and utilizes multiple lines of self-defense to avoid being killed by chemotherapy, and concisely summarizes recent progress in studies on CSC-targeted therapies in the end, with the hope to help guide future research toward developing more effective therapeutic strategies to eradicate tumor cells in the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihe Zhao
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, 6900 Lake Nona Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32827, USA.
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93
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Capparelli E, Contino M, Perrone MG, Berardi F, Perrone R, Leopoldo M, Colabufo NA. Functionalized Coumarine Fragment to Obtain Fluorescent and Selective P-Glycoprotein Ligands. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2016; 349:161-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201500325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Capparelli
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Bari “Aldo Moro”; Bari Italy
| | | | - Maria G. Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Bari “Aldo Moro”; Bari Italy
| | - Francesco Berardi
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Bari “Aldo Moro”; Bari Italy
- Biofordrug srl; Department of Pharmacy; University of Bari “Aldo Moro”; Bari Italy
| | - Roberto Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Bari “Aldo Moro”; Bari Italy
- Biofordrug srl; Department of Pharmacy; University of Bari “Aldo Moro”; Bari Italy
| | - Marcello Leopoldo
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Bari “Aldo Moro”; Bari Italy
- Biofordrug srl; Department of Pharmacy; University of Bari “Aldo Moro”; Bari Italy
| | - Nicola A. Colabufo
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Bari “Aldo Moro”; Bari Italy
- Biofordrug srl; Department of Pharmacy; University of Bari “Aldo Moro”; Bari Italy
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94
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Sobot D, Mura S, Couvreur P. How can nanomedicines overcome cellular-based anticancer drug resistance? J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:5078-5100. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00900j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses the mechanisms of anticancer drug resistance according to its cellular level of action and outlines the nanomedicine-based strategies adopted to overcome it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Sobot
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud
- UMR 8612
- CNRS
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
| | - Simona Mura
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud
- UMR 8612
- CNRS
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
| | - Patrick Couvreur
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud
- UMR 8612
- CNRS
- Univ. Paris-Sud
- Université Paris-Saclay
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95
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Classical and Targeted Anticancer Drugs: An Appraisal of Mechanisms of Multidrug Resistance. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1395:19-37. [PMID: 26910066 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3347-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which tumor cells resist the action of multiple anticancer drugs, often with widely different chemical structures, have been pursued for more than 30 years. The identification of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a drug efflux transporter protein with affinity for multiple therapeutic drugs, provided an important potential mechanism and further work, which identified other members of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that act as drug transporters. Several observations, including results of clinical trials with pharmacological inhibitors of P-gp, have suggested that mechanisms other than efflux transporters should be considered as contributors to resistance, and in this review mechanisms of anticancer drug resistance are considered more broadly. Cells in human tumors exist is a state of continuous turnover, allowing ongoing selection and "survival of the fittest." Tumor cells die not only as a consequence of drug therapy but also by apoptosis induced by their microenvironment. Cell death can be mediated by host immune mechanisms and by nonimmune cells acting on so-called death receptors. The tumor cell proliferation rate is also important because it controls tumor regeneration. Resistance to therapy might therefore be considered to arise from a reduction of several distinct cell death mechanisms, as well as from an increased ability to regenerate. This review provides a perspective on these mechanisms, together with brief descriptions of some of the methods that can be used to investigate them in a clinical situation.
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Shayanfar S, Shayanfar A, Ghandadi M. Image-Based Analysis to Predict the Activity of Tariquidar Analogs as P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors: The Importance of External Validation. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2015; 349:124-31. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201500333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Shayanfar
- Biotechnology Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Student Research Committee; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Ali Shayanfar
- Drug Applied Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Morteza Ghandadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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Chen S, Yang K, Tuguntaev RG, Mozhi A, Zhang J, Wang PC, Liang XJ. Targeting tumor microenvironment with PEG-based amphiphilic nanoparticles to overcome chemoresistance. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 12:269-86. [PMID: 26707818 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Multidrug resistance is one of the biggest obstacles in the treatment of cancer. Recent research studies highlight that tumor microenvironment plays a predominant role in tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance. Hence, targeting the tumor microenvironment provides a novel strategy for the evolution of cancer nanomedicine. The blooming knowledge about the tumor microenvironment merging with the design of PEG-based amphiphilic nanoparticles can provide an effective and promising platform to address the multidrug resistant tumor cells. This review describes the characteristic features of tumor microenvironment and their targeting mechanisms with the aid of PEG-based amphiphilic nanoparticles for the development of newer drug delivery systems to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer cells. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Many cancers develop multidrug resistance towards chemotherapeutic agents with time and strategies are urgently needed to combat against this. In this review article, the authors discuss the current capabilities of using nanomedicine to target the tumor microenvironments, which would provide new insight to the development of novel delivery systems for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, PR China
| | - Keni Yang
- CAS Key Lab of Nanomaterials Bioeffects and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ruslan G Tuguntaev
- CAS Key Lab of Nanomaterials Bioeffects and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, PR China
| | - Anbu Mozhi
- CAS Key Lab of Nanomaterials Bioeffects and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, PR China.
| | - Paul C Wang
- Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan; Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Howard University, WA, DC, USA
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- CAS Key Lab of Nanomaterials Bioeffects and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, PR China.
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98
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Laughney AM, Kim E, Sprachman MM, Miller MA, Kohler RH, Yang KS, Orth JD, Mitchison TJ, Weissleder R. Single-cell pharmacokinetic imaging reveals a therapeutic strategy to overcome drug resistance to the microtubule inhibitor eribulin. Sci Transl Med 2015; 6:261ra152. [PMID: 25378644 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3009318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Eribulin mesylate was developed as a potent microtubule-targeting cytotoxic agent to treat taxane-resistant cancers, but recent clinical trials have shown that it eventually fails in many patient subpopulations for unclear reasons. To investigate its resistance mechanisms, we developed a fluorescent analog of eribulin with pharmacokinetic (PK) properties and cytotoxic activity across a human cell line panel that are sufficiently similar to the parent drug to study its cellular PK and tissue distribution. Using intravital imaging and automated tracking of cellular dynamics, we found that resistance to eribulin and the fluorescent analog depended directly on the multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1). Intravital imaging allowed for real-time analysis of in vivo PK in tumors that were engineered to be spatially heterogeneous for taxane resistance, whereby an MDR1-mApple fusion protein distinguished resistant cells fluorescently. In vivo, MDR1-mediated drug efflux and the three-dimensional tumor vascular architecture were discovered to be critical determinants of drug accumulation in tumor cells. We furthermore show that standard intravenous administration of a third-generation MDR1 inhibitor, HM30181, failed to rescue drug accumulation; however, the same MDR1 inhibitor encapsulated within a nanoparticle delivery system reversed the multidrug-resistant phenotype and potentiated the eribulin effect in vitro and in vivo in mice. Our work demonstrates that in vivo assessment of cellular PK of an anticancer drug is a powerful strategy for elucidating mechanisms of drug resistance in heterogeneous tumors and evaluating strategies to overcome this resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Laughney
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Eunha Kim
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Melissa M Sprachman
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Miles A Miller
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Rainer H Kohler
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Katy S Yang
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - James D Orth
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Timothy J Mitchison
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of tariquidar (XR9576), a P-glycoprotein inhibitor, in combination with doxorubicin, vinorelbine, or docetaxel in children and adolescents with refractory solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2015; 76:1273-83. [PMID: 26486517 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-015-2845-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE P-glycoprotein (Pgp), an ATP-dependent transport protein, confers multidrug resistance in cancer cells. Tariquidar binds and inhibits Pgp. To assess the toxicity, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics of tariquidar, we conducted a phase I trial of tariquidar in combination with doxorubicin, docetaxel, or vinorelbine in children and adolescents with recurrent or refractory solid tumors. METHODS Patients less than 19 years of age with refractory or recurrent solid tumors were eligible. Tariquidar (1, 1.5, or 2 mg/kg) was administered alone and in combination with doxorubicin, docetaxel, or vinorelbine. PK of tariquidar and cytotoxic drugs was performed. Pgp function was assessed by a rhodamine efflux assay and (99m)Tc-sestamibi scintigraphy. Tumor Pgp expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Response was assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. RESULTS Twenty-nine subjects were enrolled. No tariquidar-related dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was observed. DLT related to cytotoxic drugs occurred in 12 % of subjects receiving tariquidar 2 mg/kg. When administered in combination with tariquidar, the clearance of docetaxel and vinorelbine was reduced compared to prior studies. Inhibition of rhodamine efflux was dose dependent. After tariquidar administration, (99m)Tc-sestamibi accumulation in tumor increased by 22 %. Objective responses (1 complete, 2 partial) were observed. There was no association between tumor Pgp expression and response. CONCLUSION A tolerable and biologically active dose of tariquidar was established in children and adolescents. This trial demonstrates that modulators of resistance can be evaluated in combination with chemotherapy, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic endpoints can be useful in determination of recommended dose in children and adolescents.
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100
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Krishnamurthy S, Ke X, Yang YY. Delivery of therapeutics using nanocarriers for targeting cancer cells and cancer stem cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:143-60. [PMID: 25597774 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of cancer resistance, cancer relapse and metastasis are attributed to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Eradication of this subpopulation has been shown to increase life expectancy of patients. Since the discovery of CSCs a decade ago, several strategies have been devised to specifically target them but with limited success. Nanocarriers have recently been employed to deliver anti-CSC therapeutics for reducing the population of CSCs at the tumor site with great success. This review discusses the different therapeutic strategies that have been employed using nanocarriers, their advantages, success in targeting CSCs and the challenges that are to be overcome. Exploiting this new modality of cancer treatment in the coming decade may improve outcomes profoundly with promise of effective treatment response and reducing relapse and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha Krishnamurthy
- Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
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