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Aitchison A, Pearson JF, Purcell RV, Frizelle FA, Keenan JI. Detection of Fusobacterium nucleatum DNA in primary care patient stool samples does not predict progression of colorectal neoplasia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269541. [PMID: 35658028 PMCID: PMC9165787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carriage of certain bacterial species may represent potential biomarkers of colorectal cancer (CRC). Prominent among these is Fusobacterium nucleatum. We explored the association of F. nucleatum DNA in stool samples with the presence of colonic neoplastic lesions in a cohort of primary care patients, and compared our findings with those from an unrelated cohort of colonoscopy patients followed clinically over time. Methods Carriage rates of F. nucleatum in stool samples were assessed in 185 patients referred for a faecal immunochemical test (FIT) by their general practitioners (GPs). Comparisons were made with stool samples from 57 patients diagnosed with CRC and 57 age-matched healthy controls, and with tissue samples taken at colonoscopy from 150 patients with a decade of subsequent clinical follow-up. Findings F. nucleatum DNA was found at a high rate (47.0%) in stool samples from primary care patients, and more often in stool samples from CRC patients (47.4%) than in healthy controls (7.0%), (P = 7.66E-7). No association was found between carriage of F. nucleatum and FIT positivity (P = 0.588). While evidence of stool-associated F. nucleatum DNA was significantly more likely to indicate a lesion in those primary care patients progressed to colonoscopy (P = 0.023), this finding did not extend to the progression of neoplastic lesions in the 150 patients with a decade of follow up. Conclusion The finding of F. nucleatum DNA at similar rates in stool samples from patients diagnosed with CRC and in primary care patients with pre-cancerous lesions supports growing awareness that the presence of these bacteria may be a biomarker for increased risk of disease. However, molecular evidence of F. nucleatum did not predict progression of colonic lesions, which may lessen the utility of this bacterium as a biomarker for increased risk of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Aitchison
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - John F. Pearson
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rachel V. Purcell
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Frank A. Frizelle
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jacqueline I. Keenan
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
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52
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Fusobacterium Nucleatum Is a Risk Factor for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Curr Med Sci 2022; 42:538-547. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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53
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Chen H, Xie H, Shao D, Chen L, Chen S, Wang L, Han X. Oral Microbiota, a Potential Determinant for the Treatment Efficacy of Gastric Helicobacter pylori Eradication in Humans. Pol J Microbiol 2022; 71:227-239. [PMID: 35676833 PMCID: PMC9252142 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2022-020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity serves as another reservoir for gastric Helicobacter pylori and may contribute to the failure of gastric H. pylori eradication therapy. However, changes to the oral microbial composition after gastric H. pylori eradication therapy has not yet been identified. This study aims to dissect whether the oral microbiota is involved and which bacterium mediates the clinic failure in H. pylori eradication. In the present study, the oral microorganisms from patients who had received the gastric H. pylori eradication treatment were analyzed by a high-throughput 16S rRNA deep sequencing. We found that the β diversity and composition of oral microbiota were remarkably changed in the patients who had experienced successful gastric H. pylori eradication treatment (SE group) compared to the failure group (FE group). Significantly enriched families, including Prevotellaceae, Streptococcaceae, Caulobacteraceae, and Lactobacillaceae, were detected in the SE group. In contrast, the bacterial families, such as Weeksellaceae, Neisseriaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, Spirochaetaceae, and Veillonellaceae, were abundantly expressed in the FE group. Five operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were positively correlated with DOB values, while two OTUs exhibited negative trends. These different enriched OTUs were extensively involved in the 20 metabolic pathways. These results suggest that a balanced environment in the oral microbiota contributes to H. pylori eradication and metabolic homeostasis in humans. Our data demonstrated that the changes in oral microbiota might contribute to the therapeutic effects of antibiotic therapy. Therefore, a different therapy on the detrimental oral microbiota will increase the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotics on H. pylori infection. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Orthodontics, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Dong Shao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China
| | - Liju Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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54
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Kim Y, Cho NY, Kang GH. Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer: a systemic review and meta-analysis. J Pathol Transl Med 2022; 56:144-151. [PMID: 35581731 PMCID: PMC9119808 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2022.03.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fusobacterium nucleatum has been identified to promote tumor progression in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, association between F. nucleatum and prognostic or clinicopathological features has been diverse among studies, which could be affected by type of biospecimen (formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded or fresh frozen [FF]). Methods Articles were systemically reviewed for studies that included the correlation between F. nucleatum and prognosis or clinicopathological features in CRC. Results Ten articles, eight studies with survival-related features involving 3,199 patients and nine studies with clinical features involving 2,655 patients, were eligible for the meta-analysis. Overall survival, disease-free survival, and cancer-specific survival were all associated with worse prognosis in F. nucleatum–high patients (p<.05). In subgroup analysis, only studies with FF tissues retained prognostic significance with F. nucleatum. In meta-analysis of clinicopathological variables, F. nucleatum level was associated with location within colon, pT category, MLH1 hypermethylation, microsatellite instability status, and BRAF mutation regardless of type of biospecimen. However, lymph node metastasis and KRAS mutation was only associated with F. nucleatum level in FF-based studies. Conclusions In conclusion, type of biospecimen could affect the role of F. nucleatum as a biomarker associated with clinicopathological features and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younghoon Kim
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Yun Cho
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyeong Hoon Kang
- Laboratory of Epigenetics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Corresponding Author: Gyeong Hoon Kang, MD, PhD, Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea Tel: +82-22-740-8272, Fax: +82-2-765-5600, E-mail:
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55
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Villar-Ortega P, Expósito-Ruiz M, Gutiérrez-Soto M, Ruiz-Cabello Jiménez M, Navarro-Marí JM, Gutiérrez-Fernández J. The association between Fusobacterium nucleatum and cancer colorectal: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA (ENGLISH ED.) 2022; 40:224-234. [PMID: 35256335 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The etiological factors of colorectal cancer (CRC) are not precisely known, although genetic and environmental factors have been implicated. A possible association with Fusobacterium nucleatum may provide opportunities for an early diagnosis. OBJECTIVE To review studies that address the association between F. nucleatum and CRC. METHODS The MEDLINE PubMed database was searched using the terms «colorectal cancer» and "Fusobacterium nucleatum", retrieving publications published up to January 1 2020. Stata software was used for a meta-analysis. RESULTS The systematic review included 57 articles. Meta-analysis results indicated a more frequent presence of F. nucleatum in CRC tumour tissue samples in comparison to control samples of healthy tissue, with an odds ratio of 4.558 (95% CI: 3.312-6.272), and in comparison, to control samples of colorectal adenomas, with an odds ratio of 3.244 (95 % CI: 2.359-4.462). CONCLUSION There is a more frequent resence of F. nucleatum in the CRC. However, further studies are needed to verify this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Villar-Ortega
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuela Expósito-Ruiz
- Departamento de Bioestadística de FIBAO, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Ruiz-Cabello Jiménez
- UGC de Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José María Navarro-Marí
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Gutiérrez-Fernández
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, Spain; Laboratorio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, Spain.
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56
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Prasad SK, Bhat S, Shashank D, C R A, R S, Rachtanapun P, Devegowda D, Santhekadur PK, Sommano SR. Bacteria-Mediated Oncogenesis and the Underlying Molecular Intricacies: What We Know So Far. Front Oncol 2022; 12:836004. [PMID: 35480118 PMCID: PMC9036991 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.836004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers are known to have multifactorial etiology. Certain bacteria and viruses are proven carcinogens. Lately, there has been in-depth research investigating carcinogenic capabilities of some bacteria. Reports indicate that chronic inflammation and harmful bacterial metabolites to be strong promoters of neoplasticity. Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric adenocarcinoma is the best illustration of the chronic inflammation paradigm of oncogenesis. Chronic inflammation, which produces excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) is hypothesized to cause cancerous cell proliferation. Other possible bacteria-dependent mechanisms and virulence factors have also been suspected of playing a vital role in the bacteria-induced-cancer(s). Numerous attempts have been made to explore and establish the possible relationship between the two. With the growing concerns on anti-microbial resistance and over-dependence of mankind on antibiotics to treat bacterial infections, it must be deemed critical to understand and identify carcinogenic bacteria, to establish their role in causing cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashanka K Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara (JSS) Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, India
| | - Smitha Bhat
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara (JSS) Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, India
| | - Dharini Shashank
- Department of General Surgery, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Mandya, India
| | - Akshatha C R
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sindhu R
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara (JSS) Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, India
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Devananda Devegowda
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, India
| | - Prasanna K Santhekadur
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, India
| | - Sarana Rose Sommano
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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57
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Li R, Shen J, Xu Y. Fusobacterium nucleatum and Colorectal Cancer. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:1115-1120. [PMID: 35321079 PMCID: PMC8937307 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s357922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jilu Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yuanhong Xu, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13505694447, Email
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58
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Wheatley RC, Kilgour E, Jacobs T, Lamarca A, Hubner RA, Valle JW, McNamara MG. Potential influence of the microbiome environment in patients with biliary tract cancer and implications for therapy. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:693-705. [PMID: 34663949 PMCID: PMC8888758 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01583-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biliary tract cancers, including intra- and extra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma as well as gallbladder cancer, are associated with poor prognosis and the majority of patients present with advanced-stage, non-resectable disease at diagnosis. Biliary tract cancer may develop through an accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations and can be influenced by microbial exposure. Furthermore, the liver and biliary tract are exposed to the gastrointestinal microbiome through the gut-liver axis. The availability of next-generation sequencing technology has led to an increase in studies investigating the relationship between microbiota and human disease. In particular, the interplay between the microbiome, the tumour micro-environment and response to systemic therapy is a prospering area of interest. Given the poor outcomes for patients with biliary tract cancer, this emerging field of research, through which new biomarkers may be identified, offers potential as a tool for early diagnosis, prognostication or even as a future therapeutic target. This review summarises the available evidence on the microbiome environment in patients with biliary tract cancer, including a discussion around confounding factors, implications for therapy and proposed future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roseanna C Wheatley
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Elaine Kilgour
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK
| | - Timothy Jacobs
- The Library, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Angela Lamarca
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Richard A Hubner
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Juan W Valle
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Mairéad G McNamara
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
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59
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Bacterial Involvement in Progression and Metastasis of Colorectal Neoplasia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14041019. [PMID: 35205767 PMCID: PMC8870662 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14041019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While the gut microbiome is composed of numerous bacteria, specific bacteria within the gut may play a significant role in carcinogenesis, progression, and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Certain microbial species are known to be associated with specific cancers; however, the interrelationship between bacteria and metastasis is still enigmatic. Mounting evidence suggests that bacteria participate in cancer organotropism during solid tumor metastasis. A critical review of the literature was conducted to better characterize what is known about bacteria populating a distant site and whether a tumor depends upon the same microenvironment during or after metastasis. The processes of carcinogenesis, tumor growth and metastatic spread in the setting of bacterial infection were examined in detail. The literature was scrutinized to discover the role of the lymphatic and venous systems in tumor metastasis and how microbes affect these processes. Some bacteria have a potent ability to enhance epithelial–mesenchymal transition, a critical step in the metastatic cascade. Bacteria also can modify the microenvironment and the local immune profile at a metastatic site. Early targeted antibiotic therapy should be further investigated as a measure to prevent metastatic spread in the setting of bacterial infection.
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60
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Tortora SC, Bodiwala VM, Quinn A, Martello LA, Vignesh S. Microbiome and colorectal carcinogenesis: Linked mechanisms and racial differences. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:375-395. [PMID: 35317317 PMCID: PMC8918999 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i2.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Various studies have shown the interplay between the intestinal microbiome, environmental factors, and genetic changes in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. In this review, we highlight the various gut and oral microbiota associated with CRC and colorectal adenomas, and their proposed molecular mechanisms in relation to the processes of “the hallmarks of cancer”, and differences in microbial diversity and abundance between race/ethnicity. Patients with CRC showed increased levels of Bacteroides, Prevotella, Escherichia coli, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, Streptococcus gallolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and Clostridium difficile. Higher levels of Bacteroides have been found in African American (AA) compared to Caucasian American (CA) patients. Pro-inflammatory bacteria such as F. nucleatum and Enterobacter species were significantly higher in AAs. Also, AA patients have been shown to have decreased microbial diversity compared to CA patients. Some studies have shown that using microbiome profiles in conjunction with certain risk factors such as age, race and body mass index may help predict healthy colon vs one with adenomas or carcinomas. Periodontitis is one of the most common bacterial infections in humans and is more prevalent in Non-Hispanic-Blacks as compared to Non-Hispanic Whites. This condition causes increased systemic inflammation, immune dysregulation, gut microbiota dysbiosis and thereby possibly influencing colorectal carcinogenesis. Periodontal-associated bacteria such as Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Bacteroides and Porphyromonas have been found in CRC tissues and in feces of CRC patients. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the association between oral and gastrointestinal bacterial profile, in addition to identifying prevalent bacteria in patients with CRC and the differences observed in ethnicity/race, may play a pivotal role in predicting incidence, prognosis, and lead to the development of new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia C Tortora
- Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States
| | - Vimal M Bodiwala
- Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States
| | - Andrew Quinn
- Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States
| | - Laura A Martello
- Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States
| | - Shivakumar Vignesh
- Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States
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Kang X, Zhang R, Kwong TN, Lui RN, Wu WK, Sung JJ, Yu J, Wong SH. Serrated neoplasia in the colorectum: gut microbiota and molecular pathways. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1-12. [PMID: 33382354 PMCID: PMC7781617 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1863135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease with different gene expression patterns. There are two major colorectal carcinogenesis pathways: conventional adenoma-carcinoma pathway and alternative serrated neoplasia pathway. Apart from the conventional pathway that is typically initiated by characteristic APC mutation and chromosomal instability, the serrated neoplasia pathway is mainly characterized by mutations of BRAF or KRAS, microsatellite instability (MSI), and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP). Despite the malignant potential of serrated lesions, they can be easily overlooked during endoscopy screening and even in pathological assessment due to its anatomical location, morphology, and histological features. It has been shown that environmental factors especially the gut microbial composition play a key role in CRC pathogenesis. Thus, the preferential localization of serrated lesions in specific intestine areas suggest that niche-specific microbiota composition might intertwined with host genetic perturbations during the development of serrated lesions. Although serrated lesions and conventional adenomas are biologically different, most studies have focused on conventional adenomas, while the pathophysiology and role of microorganisms in the development of serrated lesions remain elusive. In this review, we discuss on the role of gut microbiota in the serrated neoplasia pathway of colorectal carcinogenesis and its specific clinical and molecular features, and summarize the potential mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Kang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Thomas Ny Kwong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rashid Ns Lui
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William Kk Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Joseph Jy Sung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China,Jun Yu Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, 9/F Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building, Prince of Wales Hospital, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Sunny H Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China,CONTACT Sunny H Wong
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62
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Nomoto D, Baba Y, Liu Y, Tsutsuki H, Okadome K, Harada K, Ishimoto T, Iwatsuki M, Iwagami S, Miyamoto Y, Yoshida N, Watanabe M, Moroishi T, Komohara Y, Sawa T, Baba H. Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via the NOD1/RIPK2/NF-κB pathway. Cancer Lett 2022; 530:59-67. [PMID: 35033591 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum, found in the oral cavity, influences the progression of gastrointestinal cancers. Additionally, our previous results suggested that F. nucleatum is associated with poor patient prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the mechanism by which F. nucleatum affects aggressive tumor behavior has yet to be elucidated. We have conducted this clinical, in vitro, and in vivo study to clarify the mechanism of ESCC progression induced by F. nucleatum. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that F. nucleatum invaded and occupied ESCC cells and impacted gene and protein expression. Comprehensive mRNA expression and pathway enrichment analyses of F. nucleatum-treated ESCC cells identified the "NF-κB" and "NOD-like receptor" signaling pathways as enriched. We confirmed the relationship between the presence of F. nucleatum and NF-κB activation in resected ESCC tissues. Furthermore, F. nucleatum-treated ESCC cells demonstrated enhanced growth ability, and NF-κB activation, as well as overexpression of NOD1 and phosphorylated RIPK2. Furthermore, treated cells showed accelerated tumor growth, with NF-κB activation in xenograft models. F. nucleatum invaded ESCC cells and induced the NF-κB pathway through the NOD1/RIPK2 pathway, leading to tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Nomoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan; Department of Next-Generation Surgical Therapy Development, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yang Liu
- Second Oncology Department, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hiroyasu Tsutsuki
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kazuo Okadome
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kazuto Harada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Ishimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iwatsuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shiro Iwagami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Naoya Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masayuki Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Toshiro Moroishi
- Department of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan; Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan; Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan; Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
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Rye MS, Garrett KL, Holt RA, Platell CF, McCoy MJ. Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis detection in colorectal tumours: Optimal target site and correlation with total bacterial load. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262416. [PMID: 34995318 PMCID: PMC8740967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mucosal infiltration by certain bacterial species may contribute to the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). There is considerable variation in reported detection rates in human CRC samples and the extent to which bacterial infiltration varies across regions of the primary tumour is unknown. This study aimed to determine if there is an optimal site for bacterial detection within CRC tumours. Methods Presence of target bacterial species was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) in 42 human CRC tumours. Abundance in primary tumour regions, normal epithelium and at metastatic sites was investigated in an expanded cohort of 51 patients. Species presence/absence was confirmed by diversity profiling in five patients. Correlation with total bacterial load and clinicopathological features was assessed. Results Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis were detected in tumours from 43% and 24% of patients, respectively (17% positive for both species). The optimal detection site was the tumour luminal surface (TLS). Patients testing positive at the TLS frequently tested negative at other sites, including central tumour and invasive margin. F. nucleatum was detected at a higher frequency in tumour versus normal epithelium (p < 0.01) and was associated with more advanced disease (p = 0.01). Detection of both species correlated with total bacterial load. However, corroboration of qPCR results via diversity profiling suggests detection of these species may indicate a specific microbial signature. Conclusions This study supports a role for F. nucleatum in CRC development. Presence of F. nucleatum and B. fragilis varies across primary tumour regions, with the TLS representing the optimal site for bacterial detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie S. Rye
- Molecular Oncology, St John of God Pathology, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kerryn L. Garrett
- Molecular Oncology, St John of God Pathology, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert A. Holt
- British Columbia Cancer Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cameron F. Platell
- Colorectal Cancer Unit, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Melanie J. McCoy
- Colorectal Cancer Unit, St John of God Subiaco Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Accuracy and Clinical Relevance of Intra-Tumoral Fusobacterium nucleatum Detection in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) Tissue by Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR) in Colorectal Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12010114. [PMID: 35054281 PMCID: PMC8775036 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to identify and quantify low-abundance targets is a significant advantage for accurately detecting potentially oncogenic bacteria. Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis and is becoming an important prognostic biomarker. We evaluated the detection accuracy and clinical relevance of Fn DNA by ddPCR in a molecularly characterized, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) CRC cohort previously analyzed by qPCR for Fn levels. Following a ddPCR assay optimization and an analytical evaluation, Fn DNA were measured in 139 CRC FFPE cases. The measures of accuracy for Fn status compared to the prior results generated by qPCR and the association with clinicopathological and molecular patients’ features were also evaluated. The ddPCR-based Fn assay was sensitive and specific to positive controls. Fn DNA were detected in 20.1% of cases and further classified as Fn-high and Fn-low/negative, according to the median amount of Fn DNA that were detected in all cases and associated with the patient’s worst prognosis. There was a low agreement between the Fn status determined by ddPCR and qPCR (Cohen’s Kappa = 0.210). Our findings show that ddPCR can detect and quantify Fn in FFPE tumor tissues and highlights its clinical relevance in Fn detection in a routine CRC setting.
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Al-Joufi FA, Setia A, Salem-Bekhit MM, Sahu RK, Alqahtani FY, Widyowati R, Aleanizy FS. Molecular Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer with an Emphasis on Recent Advances in Biomarkers, as Well as Nanotechnology-Based Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:169. [PMID: 35010119 PMCID: PMC8746463 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious disease that affects millions of people throughout the world, despite considerable advances in therapy. The formation of colorectal adenomas and invasive adenocarcinomas is the consequence of a succession of genetic and epigenetic changes in the normal colonic epithelium. Genetic and epigenetic processes associated with the onset, development, and metastasis of sporadic CRC have been studied in depth, resulting in identifying biomarkers that might be used to predict behaviour and prognosis beyond staging and influence therapeutic options. A novel biomarker, or a group of biomarkers, must be discovered in order to build an accurate and clinically useful test that may be used as an alternative to conventional methods for the early detection of CRC and to identify prospective new therapeutic intervention targets. To minimise the mortality burden of colorectal cancer, new screening methods with higher accuracy and nano-based diagnostic precision are needed. Cytotoxic medication has negative side effects and is restricted by medication resistance. One of the most promising cancer treatment techniques is the use of nano-based carrier system as a medication delivery mechanism. To deliver cytotoxic medicines, targeted nanoparticles might take advantage of differently expressed molecules on the surface of cancer cells. The use of different compounds as ligands on the surface of nanoparticles to interact with cancer cells, enabling the efficient delivery of antitumor medicines. Formulations based on nanoparticles might aid in early cancer diagnosis and help to overcome the limitations of traditional treatments, including low water solubility, nonspecific biodistribution, and restricted bioavailability. This article addresses about the molecular pathogenesis of CRC and highlights about biomarkers. It also provides conceptual knowledge of nanotechnology-based diagnostic techniques and therapeutic approaches for malignant colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakhria A. Al-Joufi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Aseem Setia
- Department of Pharmacy, Shri Rawatpura Sarkar University, Raipur 492015, India
| | - Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (F.Y.A.); (F.S.A.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ram Kumar Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam University (A Central University), Silchar 788011, India
| | - Fulwah Y. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (F.Y.A.); (F.S.A.)
| | - Retno Widyowati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia;
| | - Fadilah Sfouq Aleanizy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (F.Y.A.); (F.S.A.)
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Xie Y, Jiao X, Zeng M, Fan Z, Li X, Yuan Y, Zhang Q, Xia Y. Clinical Significance of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Microsatellite Instability in Evaluating Colorectal Cancer Prognosis. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:3021-3036. [PMID: 36262751 PMCID: PMC9576466 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s382464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both genetic and microbial factors play important roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. The effects of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and microsatellite instability (MSI) on CRC prognosis require more clinical evidence. We aimed to investigate the role of F. nucleatum and MSI as biomarkers in predicting the prognosis of CRC. METHODS CRC patients in various TNM stages were enrolled. MSI status and F. nucleatum were detected by immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens. The associations between MSI status and F. nucleatum and clinical parameters were analyzed. RESULTS MSI tumors were more frequently observed in the colon than in the rectum. Cancerous tissues had higher levels of F. nucleatum than adjacent noncancerous tissues. There were no significant differences in F. nucleatum abundance in different age, sex, tumor stage, location, and tumor marker groups. MSI status was associated with tumor location and stage. Survival analyses revealed that disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly longer in the F. nucleatum-negative, younger age, and TNM stage I-II groups (p< 0.05), and age, advanced TNM stage (III and IV), and F. nucleatum status were independent factors for poor prognosis. Multivariate Cox regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses showed that conventional tumor biomarkers of CRC had more prognostic value than F. nucleatum and MSI. CONCLUSION Age, advanced TNM stage, and F. nucleatum positivity were independent factors of poor prognosis, suggesting that F. nucleatum and MSI may contribute to the identification of new strategies for the prevention and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxuan Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Jiao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mi Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiaoxin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Qiaoxin Zhang; Yong Xia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China, Tel: +86138 2968 2808; +86137 1590 8963, Email ;
| | - Yong Xia
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People’s Republic of China
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Nascimento Araujo CD, Amorim AT, Barbosa MS, Alexandre JCPL, Campos GB, Macedo CL, Marques LM, Timenetsky J. Evaluating the presence of Mycoplasma hyorhinis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Helicobacter pylori in biopsies of patients with gastric cancer. Infect Agent Cancer 2021; 16:70. [PMID: 34949212 PMCID: PMC8705184 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-021-00410-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and has been associated with infections that may promote tumour progression. Accordingly, we analysed the presence of Mollicutes, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer tissues and evaluated their correlation with clinicopathological factors. METHODS Using a commercial kit, DNA were extracted from 120 gastric samples embedded in paraffin: 80 from patients with gastric cancer and 40 from cancer free patients, dating from 2006 to 2016. Mollicutes and H. pylori were detected by PCR; F. nucleatum and M. hyorhinis were detected by qPCR, together with immunohistochemistry for the latter bacteria. RESULTS Mollicutes were detected in the case and control groups (12% and 2.5%) and correlated with the papillary histologic pattern (P = 0.003), likely due to cell transformation promoted by Mollicutes. M. hyorhinis was detected in the case and control group but was not considered a cancer risk factor. H. pylori was detected at higher loads in the case compared to the control group (8% and 22%, P = 0.008) and correlated with metastasis (P = 0.024), lymphatic invasion (P = 0.033), tumour of diffused type (P = 0.028), and histopathological grading G1/G2 (P = 0.008). F. nucleatum was the most abundant bacteria in the case group, but was also detected in the control group (26% and 2.5%). It increased the cancer risk factor (P = 0.045, OR = 10.562, CI95% = 1.057-105.521), and correlated with old age (P = 0.030) and tumour size (P = 0.053). Bacterial abundance was significantly different between groups (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Our findings could improve the control and promote our understanding of opportunistic bacteria and their relevance to malignant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila do Nascimento Araujo
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, ICB/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Teixeira Amorim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, ICB/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maysa Santos Barbosa
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, ICB/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Barreto Campos
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, ICB/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Multidisciplinary Health Institute /Campus Anísio Teixeira, IMS/CAT - UFBA, Federal University of Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Leal Macedo
- Micro - Pathological Anatomy and Cytopathology Service, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Lucas Miranda Marques
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, ICB/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Multidisciplinary Health Institute /Campus Anísio Teixeira, IMS/CAT - UFBA, Federal University of Bahia, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil.
| | - Jorge Timenetsky
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, ICB/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Reitano E, de’Angelis N, Gavriilidis P, Gaiani F, Memeo R, Inchingolo R, Bianchi G, de’Angelis GL, Carra MC. Oral Bacterial Microbiota in Digestive Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2585. [PMID: 34946186 PMCID: PMC8707512 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The relation between the gut microbiota and human health is increasingly recognized. Recently, some evidence suggested that dysbiosis of the oral microbiota may be involved in the development of digestive cancers. A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines to investigate the association between the oral microbiota and digestive cancers. Several databases including Medline, Scopus, and Embase were searched by three independent reviewers, without date restriction. Over a total of 1654 records initially identified, 28 studies (2 prospective cohort studies and 26 case-controls) were selected. They investigated oral microbiota composition in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (n = 5), gastric cancer (n = 5), colorectal cancer (n = 9), liver carcinoma (n = 2), and pancreatic cancer (n = 7). In most of the studies, oral microbiota composition was found to be different between digestive cancer patients and controls. Particularly, oral microbiota dysbiosis and specific bacteria, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis, appeared to be associated with colorectal cancers. Current evidence suggests that differences exist in oral microbiota composition between patients with and without digestive cancers. Further studies are required to investigate and validate oral-gut microbial transmission patterns and their role in digestive cancer carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Reitano
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Translational Medicine, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Nicola de’Angelis
- Unit of Digestive and HPB Surgery, CARE Department, Henri Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, 94010 Créteil, France; (N.d.); (G.B.)
- Faculté de Santé, Université Paris Est, UPEC, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Paschalis Gavriilidis
- Department of HBP Surgery, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK;
| | - Federica Gaiani
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Riccardo Memeo
- Unit of HPB Surgery, General Regional University Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti, 72021 Bari, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Inchingolo
- Unit of Interventional Radiology, General Regional Hospital F. Miulli, Acquaviva delle Fonti, 72021 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Bianchi
- Unit of Digestive and HPB Surgery, CARE Department, Henri Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, 94010 Créteil, France; (N.d.); (G.B.)
| | - Gian Luigi de’Angelis
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Maria Clotilde Carra
- Service of Odontology, Department of Periodontology, Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Université de Paris, U.F.R. of Odontology-Garanciere, 75006 Paris, France;
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Detection of Fusobacterium nucleatum subspecies in the saliva of pre-colorectal cancer patients, using tandem mass spectrometry. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 134:105337. [PMID: 34929558 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rising evidence links Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) with its four subspecies; nucleatum, polymorphum, animalis, and vincentii, with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its precursor colorectal adenoma (CRA). This study aims to optimize a technique for and explore the capability of matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization-tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS) to detect F. nucleatum subspecies directly from the saliva samples of CRA patients and controls without preculturing. DESIGN Saliva samples were collected from four CRA patients and eight controls. Proteins were extracted and subjected to solid-phase extraction fractionation, enzymatically digested, and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. F. nucleatum subspecies strains were cultured and used as a positive control. RESULTS A proteomics approach was developed to identify F. nucleatum subspecies directly from saliva samples. With this approach, the bacterial culturing step, which could take up to seven days, was bypassed. Overall, 157 F. nucleatum subspecies proteins were detected in the saliva samples. F. nucleatum subsp. nucleatum was absent in the patients while detected in half of the controls. CONCLUSION This study presents a novel technique for detecting F. nucleatum subspecies from saliva specimens that could later be employed to better understand a potential role of those subspecies in CRC development.
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Duijster JW, Franz E, Neefjes J, Mughini-Gras L. Bacterial and Parasitic Pathogens as Risk Factors for Cancers in the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Review of Current Epidemiological Knowledge. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:790256. [PMID: 34956157 PMCID: PMC8692736 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.790256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic potential of viral infections is well established and documented for many years already. However, the contribution of (commensal) bacteria and parasites to the development and progression of cancers has only recently gained momentum, resulting in a rapid growth of publications on the topic. Indeed, various bacteria and parasites have been suggested to play a role in the development of gastrointestinal cancer in particular. Therefore, an overview of the current epidemiological knowledge on the association between infections with bacteria and parasites and cancers of the gastrointestinal tract is needed. In this review, we summarized the methodological characteristics and main results of epidemiological studies investigating the association of 10 different bacteria (Bacteroides fragilis, Campylobacter spp., Clostridium spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, non-typhoidal Salmonella, Salmonella Typhi, and Streptococcus spp.) and three parasites (Cryptosporidium spp., Schistosoma spp., and Strongyloides stercoralis) with gastrointestinal cancer. While the large body of studies based on microbiome sequencing provides valuable insights into the relative abundance of different bacterial taxa in cancer patients as compared to individuals with pre-malignant conditions or healthy controls, more research is needed to fulfill Koch's postulates, possibly making use of follow-up data, to assess the complex role of bacterial and parasitic infections in cancer epidemiology. Studies incorporating follow-up time between detection of the bacterium or parasite and cancer diagnosis remain valuable as these allow for estimation of cause-effect relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke W. Duijster
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Eelco Franz
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Jacques Neefjes
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lapo Mughini-Gras
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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McIlvanna E, Linden GJ, Craig SG, Lundy FT, James JA. Fusobacterium nucleatum and oral cancer: a critical review. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1212. [PMID: 34774023 PMCID: PMC8590362 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08903-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing level of interest in the potential role inflammation has on the initiation and progression of malignancy. Notable examples include Helicobacter pylori-mediated inflammation in gastric cancer and more recently Fusobacterium nucleatum-mediated inflammation in colorectal cancer. Fusobacterium nucleatum is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium that was first isolated from the oral cavity and identified as a periodontal pathogen. Biofilms on oral squamous cell carcinomas are enriched with anaerobic periodontal pathogens, including F. nucleatum, which has prompted hypotheses that this bacterium could contribute to oral cancer development. Recent studies have demonstrated that F. nucleatum can promote cancer by several mechanisms; activation of cell proliferation, promotion of cellular invasion, induction of chronic inflammation and immune evasion. This review provides an update on the association between F. nucleatum and oral carcinogenesis, and provides insights into the possible mechanisms underlying it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily McIlvanna
- Patrick G Johnson Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Gerard J Linden
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Stephanie G Craig
- Patrick G Johnson Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.,Precision Medicine Centre of Excellence, Health Sciences Building, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Fionnuala T Lundy
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Jacqueline A James
- Patrick G Johnson Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK. .,Precision Medicine Centre of Excellence, Health Sciences Building, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK. .,Northern Ireland Biobank, Health Sciences Building, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
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72
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Li Z, Shi C, Zheng J, Guo Y, Fan T, Zhao H, Jian D, Cheng X, Tang H, Ma J. Fusobacterium nucleatum predicts a high risk of metastasis for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:301. [PMID: 34717543 PMCID: PMC8556942 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02352-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the major type of esophageal cancer in China. The role of the bacteria present in ESCC tissue in neoplastic progression has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to uncover different bacterial communities in ESCC tissues and examine the correlation between the abundance of the esophageal flora and clinicopathologic characteristics of ESCC. Results Microorganisms in tumors and normal tissues showed obvious clustering characteristics. The abundance of Fusobacterium (P = 0.0052) was increased in tumor tissues. The high level of Fusobacterium nucleatum was significantly associated with pT stage (P = 0.039) and clinical stage (P = 0.0039). The WES data showed that COL22A1, TRBV10–1, CSMD3, SCN7A and PSG11 were present in only the F. nucleatum-positive ESCC samples. GO and protein domain enrichment results suggested that epidermal growth factor might be involved in the regulation of cell apoptosis in F. nucleatum-positive ESCC. Both a higher mutational burden and F. nucleatum-positive was observed in tumors with metastasis than in tumors without metastasis. Conclusion F. nucleatum is closely related to the pT stage and clinical stage of ESCC. The abundance of F. nucleatum and tumor mutation burden may be used in combination as a potential method to predict metastasis in ESCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02352-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Central China Fuwai Hospital & Central China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, No.1 Fuwai Road, Henan province, 450003, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Microbiome Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Chao Shi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, No.127 Dongming Road, Henan province, 450008, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Jiawen Zheng
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, No.127 Dongming Road, Henan province, 450008, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Yongjun Guo
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, No.127 Dongming Road, Henan province, 450008, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Taibing Fan
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Central China Fuwai Hospital & Central China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, No.1 Fuwai Road, Henan province, 450003, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Dongdong Jian
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Central China Fuwai Hospital & Central China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, No.1 Fuwai Road, Henan province, 450003, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Cheng
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Central China Fuwai Hospital & Central China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, No.1 Fuwai Road, Henan province, 450003, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Tang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Central China Fuwai Hospital & Central China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, No.1 Fuwai Road, Henan province, 450003, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, No.127 Dongming Road, Henan province, 450008, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Henan Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China.
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73
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Dong J, Li Y, Xiao H, Zhang S, Wang B, Wang H, Li Y, Fan S, Cui M. Oral microbiota affects the efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy for colorectal cancer in mouse models. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109886. [PMID: 34706245 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is inevitably intertwined with various side effects impairing the quality of life of cancer patients. Here, we report the possibility that alterations of the oral microbiota influence the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy for primary rectal cancer and colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases that pathologically disrupt gastrointestinal integrity and function. 16S rRNA sequencing shows that oral microbiota alterations change the gut bacterial composition within tumors but not in adjacent peritumor tissues in CRC mouse models. Specifically, buccal Fusobacterium nucleatum migrates to the CRC locus and impairs the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy. Administration of a specific antibiotic, metronidazole, abrogates the adverse effects of oral microbiome fluctuation on radiotherapy for CRC. The oral microbiota were also associated with radiation-induced intestinal injury via intestinal microbes. Our findings demonstrate that the oral microbiome in synergy with its intestinal counterparts impinges on the efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Huiwen Xiao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shuqin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Yiliang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Saijun Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Ming Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
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Lee JB, Kim KA, Cho HY, Kim D, Kim WK, Yong D, Lee H, Yoon SS, Han DH, Han YD, Paik S, Jang M, Kim HS, Ahn JB. Association between Fusobacterium nucleatum and patient prognosis in metastatic colon cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20263. [PMID: 34642332 PMCID: PMC8511250 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98941-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is associated with the development and progression of colorectal cancer. We aimed to delineate the clinical implications of Fn in metastatic colon cancer. We performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using DNA samples from synchronous metastatic colon cancer patients with either formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) archival primary site tumor samples or fresh colon tissues. Progression-free survival (PFS)1 and PFS2 were defined as PFS of first- and second-line palliative settings. qPCR for Fn was successfully performed using 112 samples (FFPE, n = 61; fresh tissue, n = 51). Forty-one and 68 patients had right-sided and left-sided colon cancer, respectively. Patients with Fn enriched right-sided colon cancers had shorter PFS1 (9.7 vs. 11.2 months) than the other subgroups (HR 3.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–11.99; P = 0.04). Fn positive right-sided colon was also associated with shorter PFS2 (3.7 vs. 6.7 months; HR 2.34, 95% CI 0.69–7.91; P = 0.04). In the univariate analysis, PFS1 was affected by differentiation and Fn positive right-sided colon cancer. The multivariate analysis showed that differentiation (HR 2.68, 95% CI 1.40–5.14, P = 0.01) and Fn positive right-sided colon (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.18–0.88, P = 0.02) were associated with PFS1. Fn enrichment in right sided colon was not associated with overall survival (OS). Fn enrichment has significantly worse prognosis in terms of PFS1 and PFS2 in patients with right-sided metastatic colon cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jii Bum Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Kyung-A Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Ho Yeon Cho
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - DooA Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Kyu Kim
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangnung, Korea
| | - Dongeun Yong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyukmin Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Sun Yoon
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dai Hoon Han
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Dae Han
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soonmyung Paik
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Jang
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. .,Department of Pathology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, 10444, Korea.
| | - Han Sang Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea. .,Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Joong Bae Ahn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
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75
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Appunni S, Rubens M, Ramamoorthy V, Tonse R, Saxena A, McGranaghan P, Kaiser A, Kotecha R. Emerging Evidence on the Effects of Dietary Factors on the Gut Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer. Front Nutr 2021; 8:718389. [PMID: 34708063 PMCID: PMC8542705 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.718389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary factors have important role in modulating the gut microbiome, which in-turn regulates the molecular events in colonic mucosa. The composition and resulting metabolism of the gut microbiome are decisive factors in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis. Altered gut microbiome is associated with impaired immune response, and the release of carcinogenic or genotoxic substances which are the major microbiome-induced mechanisms implicated in CRC pathogenesis. Diets low in dietary fibers and phytomolecules as well as high in red meat are important dietary changes which predispose to CRC. Dietary fibers which reach the colon in an undigested form are further metabolized by the gut microbiome into enterocyte friendly metabolites such as short chain fatty acid (SCFA) which provide anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. Healthy microbiome supported by dietary fibers and phytomolecules could decrease cell proliferation by regulating the epigenetic events which activate proto-oncogenes and oncogenic pathways. Emerging evidence show that predominance of microbes such as Fusobacterium nucleatum can predispose the colonic mucosa to malignant transformation. Dietary and lifestyle modifications have been demonstrated to restrict the growth of potentially harmful opportunistic organisms. Synbiotics can protect the intestinal mucosa by improving immune response and decreasing the production of toxic metabolites, oxidative stress and cell proliferation. In this narrative review, we aim to update the emerging evidence on how diet could modulate the gut microbial composition and revive colonic epithelium. This review highlights the importance of healthy plant-based diet and related supplements in CRC prevention by improving the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Appunni
- Government Medical College, Kozhikode, India
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Muni Rubens
- Office of Clinical Research, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Raees Tonse
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Anshul Saxena
- Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Peter McGranaghan
- Office of Clinical Research, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Adeel Kaiser
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Rupesh Kotecha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
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16S rRNA of Mucosal Colon Microbiome and CCL2 Circulating Levels Are Potential Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910747. [PMID: 34639088 PMCID: PMC8509685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the Western world and intestinal dysbiosis might contribute to its pathogenesis. The mucosal colon microbiome and C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) were investigated in 20 healthy controls (HC) and 20 CRC patients using 16S rRNA sequencing and immunoluminescent assay, respectively. A total of 10 HC subjects were classified as overweight/obese (OW/OB_HC) and 10 subjects were normal weight (NW_HC); 15 CRC patients were classified as OW/OB_CRC and 5 patients were NW_CRC. Results: Fusobacterium nucleatum and Escherichia coli were more abundant in OW/OB_HC than in NW_HC microbiomes. Globally, Streptococcus intermedius, Gemella haemolysans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis and Escherichia coli were significantly increased in CRC patient tumor/lesioned tissue (CRC_LT) and CRC patient unlesioned tissue (CRC_ULT) microbiomes compared to HC microbiomes. CCL2 circulating levels were associated with tumor presence and with the abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis and Gemella haemolysans. Our data suggest that mucosal colon dysbiosis might contribute to CRC pathogenesis by inducing inflammation. Notably, Fusobacterium nucleatum, which was more abundant in the OW/OB_HC than in the NW_HC microbiomes, might represent a putative link between obesity and increased CRC risk.
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77
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Xue JH, Xie YH, Zou TH, Qian Y, Kang ZR, Zhou CB, Pan SY, Xia TX, Chen YX, Fang JY. Fecal Fusobacterium nucleatum as a predictor for metachronous colorectal adenoma after endoscopic polypectomy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:2841-2849. [PMID: 34121231 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Fusobacterium nucleatum is increasingly being recognized as an important risk factor in colorectal cancer and colorectal adenoma. Endoscopic polypectomy is associated with a decreased incidence of colorectal cancer; however, patients still suffer from a risk of metachronous adenoma. Currently, there are few effective non-invasive factors that may predict metachronous colorectal adenoma. Here, we evaluated the performance of F. nucleatum in predicting metachronous adenoma. METHODS Fecal samples and clinical information of patients before endoscopic polypectomy were collected from 367 patients in a retrospective cohort, and 238 patients in a prospective cohort. The abundance of fecal F. nucleatum was measured via quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Surveillance colonoscopies were conducted between 1 and 3 years after polypectomy (average follow-up 27.07 months for the retrospective cohort & 22.57 months for the prospective cohort) to identify metachronous adenoma. Candidate predictive factors and cut-off value of F. nucleatum abundance were identified from the retrospective cohort and then validated in the prospective cohort. RESULTS A high abundance of fecal F. nucleatum was found to be an independent risk factor for metachronous adenomas (odds ratio, 6.38; P < 0.001) in the retrospective cohort and was validated in the prospective cohort with a specificity of 65.00%, and a sensitivity of 73.04%, and an overall performance with the area under the curve of 0.73. CONCLUSION Fecal abundance of F. nucleatum may be a reliable predictor for metachronous adenoma after endoscopic polypectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui Xue
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Hong Xie
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Hui Zou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Qian
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Ran Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Bei Zhou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Yuan Pan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Xue Xia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Xuan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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78
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Zwinsová B, Petrov VA, Hrivňáková M, Smatana S, Micenková L, Kazdová N, Popovici V, Hrstka R, Šefr R, Bencsiková B, Zdražilová-Dubská L, Brychtová V, Nenutil R, Vídeňská P, Budinská E. Colorectal Tumour Mucosa Microbiome Is Enriched in Oral Pathogens and Defines Three Subtypes That Correlate with Markers of Tumour Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194799. [PMID: 34638284 PMCID: PMC8507728 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has a significant impact on colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and explains part of the observed heterogeneity of the disease. Even though the shifts in gut microbiome in the normal-adenoma-carcinoma sequence were described, the landscape of the microbiome within CRC and its associations with clinical variables remain under-explored. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing of paired tumour tissue, adjacent visually normal mucosa and stool swabs of 178 patients with stage 0-IV CRC to describe the tumour microbiome and its association with clinical variables. We identified new genera associated either with CRC tumour mucosa or CRC in general. The tumour mucosa was dominated by genera belonging to oral pathogens. Based on the tumour microbiome, we stratified CRC patients into three subtypes, significantly associated with prognostic factors such as tumour grade, sidedness and TNM staging, BRAF mutation and MSI status. We found that the CRC microbiome is strongly correlated with the grade, location and stage, but these associations are dependent on the microbial environment. Our study opens new research avenues in the microbiome CRC biomarker detection of disease progression while identifying its limitations, suggesting the need for combining several sampling sites (e.g., stool and tumour swabs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Zwinsová
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.Z.); (M.H.); (R.H.); (R.Š.); (B.B.); (V.B.); (R.N.); (P.V.)
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.A.P.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (N.K.); (V.P.)
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vyacheslav A. Petrov
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.A.P.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (N.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Martina Hrivňáková
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.Z.); (M.H.); (R.H.); (R.Š.); (B.B.); (V.B.); (R.N.); (P.V.)
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.A.P.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (N.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Stanislav Smatana
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.A.P.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (N.K.); (V.P.)
- Research Centre of Information Technology, IT4Innovations Centre of Excellence, Brno University of Technology, 601 90 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Micenková
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.A.P.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (N.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Natálie Kazdová
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.A.P.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (N.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Vlad Popovici
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.A.P.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (N.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Roman Hrstka
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.Z.); (M.H.); (R.H.); (R.Š.); (B.B.); (V.B.); (R.N.); (P.V.)
| | - Roman Šefr
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.Z.); (M.H.); (R.H.); (R.Š.); (B.B.); (V.B.); (R.N.); (P.V.)
| | - Beatrix Bencsiková
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.Z.); (M.H.); (R.H.); (R.Š.); (B.B.); (V.B.); (R.N.); (P.V.)
| | - Lenka Zdražilová-Dubská
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine-Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Brychtová
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.Z.); (M.H.); (R.H.); (R.Š.); (B.B.); (V.B.); (R.N.); (P.V.)
| | - Rudolf Nenutil
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.Z.); (M.H.); (R.H.); (R.Š.); (B.B.); (V.B.); (R.N.); (P.V.)
| | - Petra Vídeňská
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.Z.); (M.H.); (R.H.); (R.Š.); (B.B.); (V.B.); (R.N.); (P.V.)
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.A.P.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (N.K.); (V.P.)
| | - Eva Budinská
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology (RECAMO), Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic; (B.Z.); (M.H.); (R.H.); (R.Š.); (B.B.); (V.B.); (R.N.); (P.V.)
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.A.P.); (S.S.); (L.M.); (N.K.); (V.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Johnstone KLF, Toomey S, Madden S, O'Neill BDP, Hennessy BT. Fusobacterium nucleatum: caution with interpreting historical patient sample cohort. J Pathol Transl Med 2021; 55:415-418. [PMID: 34555886 PMCID: PMC8601950 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2021.08.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kate L F Johnstone
- Medical Oncology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinead Toomey
- Medical Oncology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen Madden
- Data Science Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Bryan T Hennessy
- Medical Oncology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Wang S, Liu Y, Li J, Zhao L, Yan W, Lin B, Guo X, Wei Y. Fusobacterium nucleatum Acts as a Pro-carcinogenic Bacterium in Colorectal Cancer: From Association to Causality. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:710165. [PMID: 34490259 PMCID: PMC8417943 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.710165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer worldwide with complex etiology. Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), an oral symbiotic bacterium, has been linked with CRC in the past decade. A series of gut microbiota studies show that CRC patients carry a high abundance of F. nucleatum in the tumor tissue and fecal, and etiological studies have clarified the role of F. nucleatum as a pro-carcinogenic bacterium in various stages of CRC. In this review, we summarize the biological characteristics of F. nucleatum and the epidemiological associations between F. nucleatum and CRC, and then highlight the mechanisms by which F. nucleatum participates in CRC progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance by affecting cancer cells or regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). We also discuss the research gap in this field and give our perspective for future studies. These findings will pave the way for manipulating gut F. nucleatum to deal with CRC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Baiqiang Lin
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunwei Wei
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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81
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Madsen C. The role of oral health in gastrointestinal malignancies. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:S311-S315. [PMID: 34422395 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2020.02.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown a connection between poor oral health and a number of systemic diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated an association between poor oral health and the oral microbiota to carcinogenesis. This review article will focus on studies that link oral dysbiosis, periodontal disease, and specific oral microorganisms to gastrointestinal malignancies. These studies provide some insight and understanding of the role of the oral microbiome in carcinogenesis. Understanding how the oral microbiota is related to carcinogenesis and gastrointestinal malignancies could lead to identifying biomarkers and provides future treatment modalities. More research in this area would be beneficial to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Madsen
- Department of Dentistry, Hackensack Meridian Health, Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune City, NJ, USA
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82
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Genomic, Microbial and Immunological Microenvironment of Colorectal Polyps. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143382. [PMID: 34298598 PMCID: PMC8303543 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancers (CRC) initiate from small cell clusters known as polyps. Colonoscopic surveillance and removal of polyps is an important strategy to prevent CRC progression. Recent advances in sequencing technologies have highlighted genetic mutations in polyps that potentially contribute to CRC development. However, CRC might be considered more than a genetic disease, as emerging evidence describes early changes to immune surveillance and gut microbiota in people with polyps. Here, we review the molecular landscape of colorectal polyps, considering their genomic, microbial and immunological features, and discuss the potential clinical utility of these data. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) develops from pre-cancerous cellular lesions in the gut epithelium, known as polyps. Polyps themselves arise through the accumulation of mutations that disrupt the function of key tumour suppressor genes, activate proto-oncogenes and allow proliferation in an environment where immune control has been compromised. Consequently, colonoscopic surveillance and polypectomy are central pillars of cancer control strategies. Recent advances in genomic sequencing technologies have enhanced our knowledge of key driver mutations in polyp lesions that likely contribute to CRC. In accordance with the prognostic significance of Immunoscores for CRC survival, there is also a likely role for early immunological changes in polyps, including an increase in regulatory T cells and a decrease in mature dendritic cell numbers. Gut microbiotas are under increasing research interest for their potential contribution to CRC evolution, and changes in the gut microbiome have been reported from analyses of adenomas. Given that early changes to molecular components of bowel polyps may have a direct impact on cancer development and/or act as indicators of early disease, we review the molecular landscape of colorectal polyps, with an emphasis on immunological and microbial alterations occurring in the gut and propose the potential clinical utility of these data.
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Aprile F, Bruno G, Palma R, Mascellino MT, Panetta C, Scalese G, Oliva A, Severi C, Pontone S. Microbiota Alterations in Precancerous Colon Lesions: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123061. [PMID: 34205378 PMCID: PMC8234190 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Even with recent advances, gut microbiota is still one of the most demanding challenges that research needs to handle. In particular, given its deep impact on gastrointestinal health, microbiota could explain the development and progression of certain diseases. Moreover, it could be used as a potential predictive biomarker. Given this, the relationship between intestinal microbiota and colorectal adenoma, considered a premalignant lesion leading to carcinoma, has been deeply evaluated. This review highlights the historical and novel data on microbiota characteristics in adenoma patients to provide an updated summary of current knowledge and its limits. Abstract Gut microbiota plays an important role in human health. It may promote carcinogenesis and is related to several diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. This study of microbial dysbiosis in the etiology of colorectal adenoma aimed to investigate the possible causative role of microbiota in the adenoma–carcinoma sequence and its possible preventive role. A systematic, PRISMA-guided review was performed. The PubMed database was searched using “adenoma microbiota” and selecting original articles between January 2010 and May 2020 independently screened. A higher prevalence of Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Bacteroidetes phyla was observed in the fecal luminal and mucosa-associated microbiota of patients with adenoma. However, other studies provided evidence of depletion of Clostridium, Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides and Romboutsia. Results on the relationship between adenoma endoscopic resection and microbiota were inconsistent. In conclusion, none of the analyzed studies developed a predictive model that could differentiate adenoma from non-adenoma patients, and therefore, to prevent cancer progression. The impact of adenoma’s endoscopic resection on microbiota was investigated, but the results were inconclusive. Further research in the field is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Aprile
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.A.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Giovanni Bruno
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.A.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Rossella Palma
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.P.); (C.P.)
| | - Maria Teresa Mascellino
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.T.M.); (A.O.)
| | - Cristina Panetta
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.P.); (C.P.)
| | - Giulia Scalese
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.A.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Alessandra Oliva
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.T.M.); (A.O.)
| | - Carola Severi
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.A.); (G.B.); (G.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Stefano Pontone
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.P.); (C.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-49975568
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Shariati A, Razavi S, Ghaznavi-Rad E, Jahanbin B, Akbari A, Norzaee S, Darban-Sarokhalil D. Association between colorectal cancer and Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis bacteria in Iranian patients: a preliminary study. Infect Agent Cancer 2021; 16:41. [PMID: 34108031 PMCID: PMC8191199 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-021-00381-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Recent studies have proposed that commensal bacteria might be involved in the development and progression of gastrointestinal disorders such as colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, in this study, the relative abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis, Streptococcus bovis/gallolyticus, and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in CRC tissues, and their association with clinicopathologic characteristics of CRC was investigated in Iranian patients. Moreover, the role of these bacteria in the CRC-associated mutations including PIK3CA, KRAS, and BRAF was studied. Method To these ends, the noted bacteria were quantified in paired tumors and normal tissue specimens of 30 CRC patients, by TaqMan quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). Next, possible correlations between clinicopathologic factors and mutations in PIK3CA, KRAS, and BRAF genes were analyzed. Results In studied samples, B. fragilis was the most abundant bacteria that was detected in 66 and 60% of paired tumor and normal samples, respectively. Furthermore, 15% of the B. fragilis-positive patients were infected with Enterotoxigenic B. fragilis (ETBF) in both adenocarcinoma and matched adjacent normal samples. F. nucleatum was also identified in 23% of tumors and 13% of adjacent normal tissue samples. Moreover, the relative abundance of these bacteria determined by 2-ΔCT was significantly higher in CRC samples than in adjacent normal mucosa (p < 0.05). On the other hand, our findings indicated that S. gallolyticus and EPEC, compared to adjacent normal mucosa, were not prevalent in CRC tissues. Finally, our results revealed a correlation between F. nucleatum-positive patients and the KRAS mutation (p = 0.02), while analyses did not show any association between bacteria and mutation in PIK3CA and BRAF genes. Conclusion The present study is the first report on the analysis of different bacteria in CRC tissue samples of Iranian patients. Our findings revealed that F. nucleatum and B. fragilis might be linked to CRC. However, any link between gut microbiome dysbiosis and CRC remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Razavi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Behnaz Jahanbin
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Norzaee
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Okuda S, Shimada Y, Tajima Y, Yuza K, Hirose Y, Ichikawa H, Nagahashi M, Sakata J, Ling Y, Miura N, Sugai M, Watanabe Y, Takeuchi S, Wakai T. Profiling of host genetic alterations and intra-tumor microbiomes in colorectal cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:3330-3338. [PMID: 34188781 PMCID: PMC8202188 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Some bacteria are symbiotic in tumor tissues, and metabolites of several bacterial species have been found to cause DNA damage. However, to date, the association between bacteria and host genetic alterations in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been fully investigated. We evaluated the association between the intra-tumor microbiome and host genetic alterations in 29 Japanese CRC patients. The tumor and non-tumor tissues were extracted from the patients, and 16S rRNA genes were sequenced for each sample. We identified enriched bacteria in tumor and non-tumor tissues. Some bacteria, such as Fusobacterium, which is already known to be enriched in CRC, were found to be enriched in tumor tissues. Interestingly, Bacteroides, which is also known to be enriched in CRC, was enriched in non-tumor tissues. Furthermore, it was shown that certain bacteria that often coexist within tumor tissue were enriched in the presence of a mutated gene or signal pathway with mutated genes in the host cells. Fusobacterium was associated with many mutated genes, as well as cell cycle-related pathways including mutated genes. In addition, the patients with a high abundance of Campylobacter were suggested to be associated with mutational signature 3 indicating failure of double-strand DNA break repairs. These results suggest that CRC development may be partly caused by DNA damage caused by substances released by bacterial infection. Taken together, the identification of distinct gut microbiome patterns and their host specific genetic alterations might facilitate targeted interventions, such as modulation of the microbiome in addition to anticancer agents or immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujiro Okuda
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Shimada
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yosuke Tajima
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Kizuki Yuza
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yuki Hirose
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ichikawa
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nagahashi
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Jun Sakata
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yiwei Ling
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
- Division of Cancer Genome Informatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Miura
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Mika Sugai
- Division of Medical Technology, Niigata University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 2-746 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8518, Japan
| | - Yu Watanabe
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
- Division of Cancer Genome Informatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shiho Takeuchi
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
- Division of Cancer Genome Informatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
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Corlin L, Ruan M, Tsilidis KK, Bouras E, Yu YH, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, Klein AP, Risch HA, Amos CI, Sakoda LC, Vodička P, Rish PK, Beck J, Platz EA, Michaud DS. Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Associations Between Periodontal Disease and Risk of Cancer. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2021; 5:pkab037. [PMID: 34222791 PMCID: PMC8242136 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkab037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies indicate that periodontal disease may increase the risk of colorectal, lung, and pancreatic cancers. Using a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, we assessed whether a genetic predisposition index for periodontal disease was associated with colorectal, lung, or pancreatic cancer risks. Methods Our primary instrument included single nucleotide polymorphisms with strong genome-wide association study evidence for associations with chronic, aggressive, and/or severe periodontal disease (rs729876, rs1537415, rs2738058, rs12461706, rs16870060, rs2521634, rs3826782, and rs7762544). We used summary-level genetic data for colorectal cancer (n = 58 131 cases; Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium, Colon Cancer Family Registry, and Colorectal Transdisciplinary Study), lung cancer (n = 18 082 cases; International Lung Cancer Consortium), and pancreatic cancer (n = 9254 cases; Pancreatic Cancer Consortia). Four MR approaches were employed for this analysis: random-effects inverse-variance weighted (primary analyses), Mendelian Randomization-Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier, simple median, and weighted median. We conducted secondary analyses to determine if associations varied by cancer subtype (colorectal cancer location, lung cancer histology), sex (colorectal and pancreatic cancers), or smoking history (lung and pancreatic cancer). All statistical tests were 2-sided. Results The genetic predisposition index for chronic or aggressive periodontitis was statistically significantly associated with a 3% increased risk of colorectal cancer (per unit increase in genetic index of periodontal disease; P = .03), 3% increased risk of colon cancer (P = .02), 4% increased risk of proximal colon cancer (P = .01), and 3% increased risk of colorectal cancer among females (P = .04); however, it was not statistically significantly associated with the risk of lung cancer or pancreatic cancer, overall or within most subgroups. Conclusions Genetic predisposition to periodontitis may be associated with colorectal cancer risk. Further research should determine whether increased periodontitis prevention and increased cancer surveillance of patients with periodontitis is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Corlin
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University School of Engineering, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Mengyuan Ruan
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Bouras
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Yau-Hua Yu
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Alison P Klein
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Lori C Sakoda
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Pavel Vodička
- Department of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pai K Rish
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, The Colon Cancer Family Registry at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James Beck
- Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Platz
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA for CCFR, CORECT, GECCO, ILCCO, PanScan, and PanC4
| | - Dominique S Michaud
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Dadashi M, Hajikhani B, Faghihloo E, Owlia P, Yaslianifard S, Goudarzi M, Nasiri MJ, Fallah F. Proliferative Effect of FadA Recombinant Protein from Fusobacterium nucleatum on SW480 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:623-628. [PMID: 32691717 DOI: 10.2174/1871526520666200720113004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent cancers diagnosed in both men and women worldwide. Fusobacterium nucleatum adhesin A (FadA) has an important potential factor in the development or progression of CRC. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the proliferative effect of recombinant FadA on SW480 colorectal cancer cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS The recombinant pET21(b)-fadA plasmid was synthesized and transformed into competent E.coli DH5α. In the next step, induction and expression of recombinant FadA were carried out in E. coli BL21 (DE3) competent cells. Expression and purification of protein were successfully done and it was analyzed and confirmed by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. The proliferative effect of purified FadA on SW480 CRC cell line was evaluated using MTT assay and cell counting methods. RESULTS Visualization of the specific band isolated from the linear plasmid on the agarose gel confirmed the presence of the desired gene. After electrophoresis and Coomassie blue staining, the protein of interest with an approximate molecular weight of 13KDa was detected. The MTT assay, similar to cell counting methods, revealed that FadA dose and time-dependently promoted SW480 cell growth and proliferation in 24, 48 and 72 hours. CONCLUSION The results showed that FadA stimulates proliferation of SW480 colorectal cancer cell line with a dose and time-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Dadashi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Bahareh Hajikhani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Faghihloo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Owlia
- Molecular Microbiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Yaslianifard
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Nasiri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fallah
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gaiani F, Marchesi F, Negri F, Greco L, Malesci A, de’Angelis GL, Laghi L. Heterogeneity of Colorectal Cancer Progression: Molecular Gas and Brakes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105246. [PMID: 34063506 PMCID: PMC8156342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The review begins with molecular genetics, which hit the field unveiling the involvement of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and uncovering genetic predispositions. Then the notion of molecular phenotypes with different clinical behaviors was introduced and translated in the clinical arena, paving the way to next-generation sequencing that captured previously unrecognized heterogeneity. Among other molecular regulators of CRC progression, the extent of host immune response within the tumor micro-environment has a critical position. Translational sciences deeply investigated the field, accelerating the pace toward clinical transition, due to its strong association with outcomes. While the perturbation of gut homeostasis occurring in inflammatory bowel diseases can fuel carcinogenesis, micronutrients like vitamin D and calcium can act as brakes, and we discuss underlying molecular mechanisms. Among the components of gut microbiota, Fusobacterium nucleatum is over-represented in CRC, and may worsen patient outcome. However, any translational knowledge tracing the multifaceted evolution of CRC should be interpreted according to the prognostic and predictive frame of the TNM-staging system in a perspective of clinical actionability. Eventually, we examine challenges and promises of pharmacological interventions aimed to restrain disease progression at different disease stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Gaiani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (F.G.); (G.L.d.)
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, University-Hospital of Parma, via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Marchesi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.M.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Negri
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Luana Greco
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy;
| | - Alberto Malesci
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi de’Angelis
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (F.G.); (G.L.d.)
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, University-Hospital of Parma, via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Luigi Laghi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (F.G.); (G.L.d.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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89
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The dysbiosis signature of Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer-cause or consequences? A systematic review. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:194. [PMID: 33823861 PMCID: PMC8025348 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01886-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer globally and the fourth attributable cause of mortality and morbidity due to cancer. An emerging factor contributing to CRC is the gut microbiota and the cellular changes associated with it. Further insights on this may help in the prevention, diagnosis and new therapeutic approaches to colorectal cancer. In most cases of CRC, genetic factors appear to contribute less to its aetiology than environmental and epigenetic factors; therefore, it may be important to investigate these environmental factors, their effects, and the mechanisms that may contribute to this cancer. The gut microbiota has recently been highlighted as a potential risk factor that may affect the structural components of the tumor microenvironment, as well as free radical and enzymatic metabolites directly, or indirectly. Many studies have reported changes in the gut microbiota of patients with colorectal cancer. What is controversial is whether the cancer is the cause or consequence of the change in the microbiota. There is strong evidence supporting both possibilities. The presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum in human colorectal specimens has been demonstrated by RNA-sequencing. F. nucleatum has been shown to express high levels of virulence factors such as FadA, Fap2 and MORN2 proteins. Our review of the published data suggest that F. nucleatum may be a prognostic biomarker of CRC risk, and hence raises the potential of antibiotic treatment of F. nucleatum for the prevention of CRC.
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90
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Wang F, Song M, Lu X, Zhu X, Deng J. Gut microbes in gastrointestinal cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 86:967-975. [PMID: 33812983 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbes (GMs), dominated by bacteria, play important roles in many physiological processes. The structures and functions of GMs are closely related to human health, the occurrence and development of diseases and the rapid recovery of the body. Gastrointestinal cancers are the major diseases affecting human health worldwide. With the development of metagenomic technology and the wide application of new generation sequencing technology, a large number of studies suggest that complex GMs are related to the occurrence and development of gastrointestinal cancers. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and probiotics can treat and prevent the occurrence of gastrointestinal cancers. This article reviews the latest research progress of microbes in gastrointestinal cancers from the perspectives of the correlation, the influence mechanism and the application, so as to provide new directions for the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiyi Song
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiya Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhu
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiali Deng
- Regeneration and Ageing Lab, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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91
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Hanus M, Parada-Venegas D, Landskron G, Wielandt AM, Hurtado C, Alvarez K, Hermoso MA, López-Köstner F, De la Fuente M. Immune System, Microbiota, and Microbial Metabolites: The Unresolved Triad in Colorectal Cancer Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2021; 12:612826. [PMID: 33841394 PMCID: PMC8033001 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.612826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. As with other cancers, CRC is a multifactorial disease due to the combined effect of genetic and environmental factors. Most cases are sporadic, but a small proportion is hereditary, estimated at around 5-10%. In both, the tumor interacts with heterogeneous cell populations, such as endothelial, stromal, and immune cells, secreting different signals (cytokines, chemokines or growth factors) to generate a favorable tumor microenvironment for cancer cell invasion and metastasis. There is ample evidence that inflammatory processes have a role in carcinogenesis and tumor progression in CCR. Different profiles of cell activation of the tumor microenvironment can promote pro or anti-tumor pathways; hence they are studied as a key target for the control of cancer progression. Additionally, the intestinal mucosa is in close contact with a microorganism community, including bacteria, bacteriophages, viruses, archaea, and fungi composing the gut microbiota. Aberrant composition of this microbiota, together with alteration in the diet-derived microbial metabolites content (such as butyrate and polyamines) and environmental compounds has been related to CRC. Some bacteria, such as pks+ Escherichia coli or Fusobacterium nucleatum, are involved in colorectal carcinogenesis through different pathomechanisms including the induction of genetic mutations in epithelial cells and modulation of tumor microenvironment. Epithelial and immune cells from intestinal mucosa have Pattern-recognition receptors and G-protein coupled receptors (receptor of butyrate), suggesting that their activation can be regulated by intestinal microbiota and metabolites. In this review, we discuss how dynamics in the gut microbiota, their metabolites, and tumor microenvironment interplays in sporadic and hereditary CRC, modulating tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Hanus
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Program of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Parada-Venegas
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Program of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Glauben Landskron
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Program of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Claudia Hurtado
- Research Core, Academic Department, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karin Alvarez
- Cancer Center, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela A. Hermoso
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Program of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Engevik MA, Danhof HA, Ruan W, Engevik AC, Chang-Graham AL, Engevik KA, Shi Z, Zhao Y, Brand CK, Krystofiak ES, Venable S, Liu X, Hirschi KD, Hyser JM, Spinler JK, Britton RA, Versalovic J. Fusobacterium nucleatum Secretes Outer Membrane Vesicles and Promotes Intestinal Inflammation. mBio 2021; 12:e02706-20. [PMID: 33653893 PMCID: PMC8092269 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02706-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have implicated microbes in the development of inflammation, but the mechanisms remain unknown. Bacteria in the genus Fusobacterium have been identified in the intestinal mucosa of patients with digestive diseases; thus, we hypothesized that Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes intestinal inflammation. The addition of >50 kDa F. nucleatum conditioned media, which contain outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), to colonic epithelial cells stimulated secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). In addition, purified F. nucleatum OMVs, but not compounds <50 kDa, stimulated IL-8 and TNF production; which was decreased by pharmacological inhibition of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). These effects were linked to downstream effectors p-ERK, p-CREB, and NF-κB. F. nucleatum >50-kDa compounds also stimulated TNF secretion, p-ERK, p-CREB, and NF-κB activation in human colonoid monolayers. In mice harboring a human microbiota, pretreatment with antibiotics and a single oral gavage of F. nucleatum resulted in inflammation. Compared to mice receiving vehicle control, mice treated with F. nucleatum showed disruption of the colonic architecture, with increased immune cell infiltration and depleted mucus layers. Analysis of mucosal gene expression revealed increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines (KC, TNF, IL-6, IFN-γ, and MCP-1) at day 3 and day 5 in F. nucleatum-treated mice compared to controls. These proinflammatory effects were absent in mice who received F. nucleatum without pretreatment with antibiotics, suggesting that an intact microbiome is protective against F. nucleatum-mediated immune responses. These data provide evidence that F. nucleatum promotes proinflammatory signaling cascades in the context of a depleted intestinal microbiome.IMPORTANCE Several studies have identified an increased abundance of Fusobacterium in the intestinal tracts of patients with colon cancer, liver cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, HIV infection, and alcoholism. However, the direct mechanism(s) of action of Fusobacterium on pathophysiological within the gastrointestinal tract is unclear. These studies have identified that F. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum releases outer membrane vesicles which activate TLR4 and NF-κB to stimulate proinflammatory signals in vitro Using mice harboring a human microbiome, we demonstrate that F. nucleatum can promote inflammation, an effect which required antibiotic-mediated alterations in the gut microbiome. Collectively, these results suggest a mechanism by which F. nucleatum may contribute to intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda A Engevik
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Heather A Danhof
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wenly Ruan
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Amy C Engevik
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville Tennessee, USA
| | - Alexandra L Chang-Graham
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kristen A Engevik
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zhongcheng Shi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Colleen K Brand
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Evan S Krystofiak
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Susan Venable
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xinli Liu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kendal D Hirschi
- Department of Pediatrics and Human and Molecular Genetics, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joseph M Hyser
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer K Spinler
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert A Britton
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - James Versalovic
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
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Eisele Y, Mallea PM, Gigic B, Stephens WZ, Warby CA, Buhrke K, Lin T, Boehm J, Schrotz-King P, Hardikar S, Huang LC, Pickron TB, Scaife CL, Viskochil R, Koelsch T, Peoples AR, Pletneva MA, Bronner M, Schneider M, Ulrich AB, Swanson EA, Toriola AT, Shibata D, Li CI, Siegel EM, Figueiredo J, Janssen KP, Hauner H, Round J, Ulrich CM, Holowatyj AN, Ose J. Fusobacterium nucleatum and Clinicopathologic Features of Colorectal Cancer: Results From the ColoCare Study. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2021; 20:e165-e172. [PMID: 33935016 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), a bacterium associated with a wide spectrum of infections, has emerged as a key microbe in colorectal carcinogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms and clinical relevance of Fn in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain incompletely understood. PATIENTS AND METHODS We examined associations between Fn abundance and clinicopathologic characteristics among 105 treatment-naïve CRC patients enrolled in the international, prospective ColoCare Study. Electronic medical charts, including pathological reports, were reviewed to document clinicopathologic features. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify/detect Fn DNA in preoperative fecal samples. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze associations between Fn abundance and patient sex, age, tumor stage, grade, site, microsatellite instability, body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, and smoking history. Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate associations of Fn abundance with overall survival in adjusted models. RESULTS Compared to patients with undetectable or low Fn abundance, patients with high Fn abundance (n = 22) were 3-fold more likely to be diagnosed with rectal versus colon cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 3.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-8.57; P = .04) after adjustment for patient sex, age, BMI, and study site. Patients with high Fn abundance also had a 5-fold increased risk of being diagnosed with rectal cancer versus right-sided colon cancer (OR = 5.32; 95% CI, 1.23-22.98; P = .03). There was no statistically significant association between Fn abundance and overall survival. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that Fn abundance in fecal samples collected prior to surgery varies by tumor site among treatment-naïve CRC patients. Overall, fecal Fn abundance may have diagnostic and prognostic significance in the clinical management of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Eisele
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Patrick M Mallea
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Biljana Gigic
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - W Zac Stephens
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Christy A Warby
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Kate Buhrke
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Tengda Lin
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Juergen Boehm
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Petra Schrotz-King
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sheetal Hardikar
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Lyen C Huang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - T Bartley Pickron
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Courtney L Scaife
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Richard Viskochil
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Torsten Koelsch
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anita R Peoples
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Maria A Pletneva
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Mary Bronner
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Martin Schneider
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexis B Ulrich
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eric A Swanson
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | | | - David Shibata
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Christopher I Li
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Erin M Siegel
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL
| | - Jane Figueiredo
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Klaus-Peter Janssen
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Hauner
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Else Kröner-Fresenius-Centre for Nutritional Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - June Round
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Andreana N Holowatyj
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN.
| | - Jennifer Ose
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT.
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Villar-Ortega P, Expósito-Ruiz M, Gutiérrez-Soto M, Ruiz-Cabello Jiménez M, Navarro-Marí JM, Gutiérrez-Fernández J. The association between Fusobacterium nucleatum and cancer colorectal: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2021; 40:S0213-005X(21)00026-4. [PMID: 33632539 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The etiological factors of colorectal cancer (CRC) are not precisely known, although genetic and environmental factors have been implicated. A possible association with Fusobacterium nucleatum may provide opportunities for an early diagnosis. OBJECTIVE To review studies that address the association between F. nucleatum and CRC. METHODS The MEDLINE PubMed database was searched using the terms «colorectal cancer» and «Fusobacterium nucleatum», retrieving publications published up to January 1 2020. Stata software was used for a meta-analysis. RESULTS The systematic review included 57 articles. Meta-analysis results indicated a more frequent presence of F. nucleatum in CRC tumor tissue samples in comparison to control samples of healthy tissue, with an odds ratio of 4.558 (95% CI: 3.312-6.272), and in comparison, to control samples of colorectal adenomas, with an odds ratio of 3.244 (95% CI: 2.359-4.462). CONCLUSION There is a more frequent presence of F. nucleatum in the CRC. However, further studies are needed to verify this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Villar-Ortega
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, España
| | - Manuela Expósito-Ruiz
- Departamento de Bioestadística de FIBAO. Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, España
| | | | - Miguel Ruiz-Cabello Jiménez
- UGC de Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, España
| | - José María Navarro-Marí
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, España
| | - José Gutiérrez-Fernández
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, España; Laboratorio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves-Instituto de Investigación BioSanitaria-ibs-Granada, Granada, España.
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Darbyshire AL, Mothersole RG, Wolthers KR. A Fold Type II PLP-Dependent Enzyme from Fusobacterium nucleatum Functions as a Serine Synthase and Cysteine Synthase. Biochemistry 2021; 60:524-536. [PMID: 33539704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Serine synthase (SS) from Fusobacterium nucleatum is a fold type II pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the β-replacement of l-cysteine with water to form l-serine and H2S. Herein, we show that SS can also function as a cysteine synthase, catalyzing the β-replacement of l-serine with bisulfide to produce l-cysteine and H2O. The forward (serine synthase) and reverse (cysteine synthase) reactions occur with comparable turnover numbers and catalytic efficiencies for the amino acid substrate. Reaction of SS with l-cysteine leads to transient formation of a quinonoid species, suggesting that deprotonation of the Cα and β-elimination of the thiolate group from l-cysteine occur via a stepwise mechanism. In contrast, the quinonoid species was not detected in the formation of the α-aminoacrylate intermediate following reaction of SS with l-serine. A key active site residue, D232, was shown to stabilize the more chemically reactive ketoenamine PLP tautomer and also function as an acid/base catalyst in the forward and reverse reactions. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer between PLP and W99, the enzyme's only tryptophan residue, supports ligand-induced closure of the active site, which shields the PLP cofactor from the solvent and increases the basicity of D232. These results provide new insight into amino acid metabolism in F. nucleatum and highlight the multiple catalytic roles of D232 in a new member of the fold type II family of PLP-dependent enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Darbyshire
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 3247 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Robert G Mothersole
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 3247 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Kirsten R Wolthers
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, 3247 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
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DeDecker L, Coppedge B, Avelar-Barragan J, Karnes W, Whiteson K. Microbiome distinctions between the CRC carcinogenic pathways. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1854641. [PMID: 33446008 PMCID: PMC8288036 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1854641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer, the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths, and has been on the rise among young adults in the United States. Research has established that the colonic microbiome is different in patients with CRC compared to healthy controls, but few studies have investigated if and how the microbiome may relate to CRC progression through the serrated pathway versus the adenoma-carcinoma sequence.Our view is that progress in CRC microbiome research requires consideration of how the microbiome may contribute to CRC carcinogenesis through the distinct pathways that lead to CRC, which could enable the creation of novel and tailored prevention, screening, and therapeutic interventions. We first highlight the limitations in existing CRC microbiome research and offer corresponding solutions for investigating the microbiome's role in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and serrated pathway. We then summarize the findings in the select human studies that included data points related to the two major carcinogenic pathways. These studies investigate the microbiome in CRC carcinogenesis and 1) utilize mucosal samples and 2) compare polyps or tumors by histopathologic type, molecular/genetic type, or location in the colon.Key findings from these studies include: 1) Fusobacterium is associated with right-sided, more advanced, and serrated lesions; 2) the colons of people with CRC have bacteria typically associated with normal oral flora; and 3) colons from people with CRC have more biofilms, and these biofilms are predominantly located in the proximal colon (single study).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren DeDecker
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Bretton Coppedge
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | | | - William Karnes
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Katrine Whiteson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
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Trivieri N, Pracella R, Cariglia MG, Panebianco C, Parrella P, Visioli A, Giani F, Soriano AA, Barile C, Canistro G, Latiano TP, Dimitri L, Bazzocchi F, Cassano D, Vescovi AL, Pazienza V, Binda E. BRAF V600E mutation impinges on gut microbial markers defining novel biomarkers for serrated colorectal cancer effective therapies. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:285. [PMID: 33317591 PMCID: PMC7737386 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01801-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) harboring BRAFV600E mutation exhibits low response to conventional therapy and poorest prognosis. Due to the emerging correlation between gut microbiota and CRC carcinogenesis, we investigated in serrated BRAFV600E cases the existence of a peculiar fecal microbial fingerprint and specific bacterial markers, which might represent a tool for the development of more effective clinical strategies. METHODS By injecting human CRC stem-like cells isolated from BRAFV600E patients in immunocompromised mice, we described a new xenogeneic model of this subtype of CRC. By performing bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing, the fecal microbiota profile was then investigated either in CRC-carrying mice or in a cohort of human CRC subjects. The microbial communities' functional profile was also predicted. Data were compared with Mann-Whitney U, Welch's t-test for unequal variances and Kruskal-Wallis test with Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) correction, extracted as potential BRAF class biomarkers and selected as model features. The obtained mean test prediction scores were subjected to Receiver Operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. To discriminate the BRAF status, a Random Forest classifier (RF) was employed. RESULTS A specific microbial signature distinctive for BRAF status emerged, being the BRAF-mutated cases closer to healthy controls than BRAF wild-type counterpart. In agreement, a considerable score of correlation was also pointed out between bacteria abundance from BRAF-mutated cases and the level of markers distinctive of BRAFV600E pathway, including those involved in inflammation, innate immune response and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. We provide evidence that two candidate bacterial markers, Prevotella enoeca and Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans, more abundant in BRAFV600E and BRAF wild-type subjects respectively, emerged as single factors with the best performance in distinguishing BRAF status (AUROC = 0.72 and 0.74, respectively, 95% confidence interval). Furthermore, the combination of the 10 differentially represented microorganisms between the two groups improved performance in discriminating serrated CRC driven by BRAF mutation from BRAF wild-type CRC cases (AUROC = 0.85, 95% confidence interval, 0.69-1.01). CONCLUSION Overall, our results suggest that BRAFV600E mutation itself drives a distinctive gut microbiota signature and provide predictive CRC-associated bacterial biomarkers able to discriminate BRAF status in CRC patients and, thus, useful to devise non-invasive patient-selective diagnostic strategies and patient-tailored optimized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Trivieri
- Cancer Stem Cells Unit, ISBReMIT, IRCSS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Opera di San Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pracella
- Cancer Stem Cells Unit, ISBReMIT, IRCSS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Opera di San Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cariglia
- Cancer Stem Cells Unit, ISBReMIT, IRCSS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Opera di San Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Concetta Panebianco
- Gastroenterology Unit, IRCSS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Opera di San Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Paola Parrella
- Oncology Laboratory, IRCSS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Opera di San Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | | | | | - Amata Amy Soriano
- Cancer Stem Cells Unit, ISBReMIT, IRCSS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Opera di San Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Chiara Barile
- Cancer Stem Cells Unit, ISBReMIT, IRCSS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Opera di San Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Canistro
- Abdominal Surgery Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pia Latiano
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Lucia Dimitri
- Anatomical Pathology Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Francesca Bazzocchi
- Abdominal Surgery Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Dario Cassano
- Abdominal Surgery Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Angelo L Vescovi
- StemGen SpA, Milan, Italy.,Science Directorate, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- Gastroenterology Unit, IRCSS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Opera di San Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Elena Binda
- Cancer Stem Cells Unit, ISBReMIT, IRCSS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Opera di San Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy. .,Cancer Stem Cells Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Institute for Stem Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics (ISBReMIT), 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy.
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98
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WGCNA reveals key gene modules regulated by the combined treatment of colon cancer with PHY906 and CPT11. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:226138. [PMID: 32812032 PMCID: PMC7468096 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Irinotecan (CPT11) is one of the most effective drugs for treating colon cancer, but its severe side effects limit its application. Recently, a traditional Chinese herbal preparation, named PHY906, has been proved to be effective for improving therapeutic effect and reducing side effects of CPT11. The aim of the present study was to provide novel insight to understand the molecular mechanism underlying PHY906-CPT11 intervention of colon cancer. Based on the GSE25192 dataset, for different three treatments (PHY906, CPT11, and PHY906-CPT11), we screened out differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and constructed a co-expression network by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify hub genes. The key genes of the three treatments were obtained by merging the DEGs and hub genes. For the PHY906-CPT11 treatment, a total of 18 key genes including Eif4e, Prr15, Anxa2, Ddx5, Tardbp, Skint5, Prss12 and Hnrnpa3, were identified. The results of functional enrichment analysis indicated that the key genes associated with PHY906-CPT11 treatment were mainly enriched in ‘superoxide anion generation’ and ‘complement and coagulation cascades’. Finally, we validated the key genes by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and RT-PCR analysis, the results indicated that EIF4E, PRR15, ANXA2, HNRNPA3, NCF1, C3AR1, PFDN2, RGS10, GNG11, and TMSB4X might play an important role in the treatment of colon cancer with PHY906-CPT11. In conclusion, a total of 18 key genes were identified in the present study. These genes showed strong correlation with PHY906-CPT11 treatment in colon cancer, which may help elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of PHY906-CPT11 treatment in colon cancer.
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Datorre JG, de Carvalho AC, Guimarães DP, Reis RM. The Role of Fusobacterium nucleatum in Colorectal Carcinogenesis. Pathobiology 2020; 88:127-140. [PMID: 33291114 DOI: 10.1159/000512175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent and deadly neoplasms worldwide. Genetic factors, lifestyle habits, and inflammation are important risk factors associated with CRC development. In recent years, growing evidence has supporting the significant role of the intestinal microbiome in CRC carcinogenesis. Disturbances in the healthy microbial balance, known as dysbiosis, are frequently observed in these patients. Pathogenic microorganisms that induce intestinal dysbiosis have become an important target to determine the role of bacterial infection in tumorigenesis. Interestingly, the presence of different bacterial strains, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, has been detected in tissue and stool from patients with CRC and associated with substantial clinical and molecular features, as well as with patient therapy response. Therefore, understanding how the presence and levels of F. nucleatumstrains in the gut affect the risk of CRC onset and progression may inform suitable candidates for interventions focused on modulation of this bacteria. Here we review new insights into the role of gut microbiota in CRC carcinogenesis and the clinical utility of using the detection of F. nucleatum in different settings such as screening, prognosis, and microbiota modulation as a means to prevent cancer, augment therapies, and reduce adverse effects of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Denise Peixoto Guimarães
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil.,Department of Prevention, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil, .,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal, .,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal,
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100
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Janati AI, Karp I, Laprise C, Sabri H, Emami E. Detection of Fusobaterium nucleatum in feces and colorectal mucosa as a risk factor for colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2020; 9:276. [PMID: 33272322 PMCID: PMC7716586 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-020-01526-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests a potentially important role of colorectal infection with Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) in colorectal carcinogenesis. We conducted a systematic review, including both a qualitative synthesis and a meta-analysis, to synthesize the evidence from the epidemiological literature on the association between F. nucleatum detection in the colon/rectum and CRC. METHODS A systematic literature search of Ovid MEDLINE(R), Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, EBM Reviews-Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and CINAHL Plus with Full Text was conducted using earliest inclusive dates up to 4 October 2020. Eligible studies were original, comparative observational studies that reported results on colorectal F. nucleatum detection and CRC. Two independent reviewers extracted the relevant information. Odds ratio (OR) estimates were pooled across studies using the random effects model. Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to critically appraise study quality. RESULTS Twenty-four studies were included in the systematic review, of which 12 were included in the meta-analysis. Studies investigated F. nucleatum in feces, colorectal tissue samples, or both. In most studies included in the systematic review, the load of F. nucleatum was higher, on average, in specimens from CRC patients than in those from CRC-free controls. Meta-analysis showed a positive association between F. nucleatum detection in colorectal specimens and CRC (OR = 8.3; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 5.2 to 13.0). CONCLUSIONS The results of this systematic review suggest that F. nucleatum in the colon/rectum is associated with CRC. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION This systematic review protocol has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on July 10, 2018 (registration number CRD42018095866).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Igor Karp
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Claudie Laprise
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Suite 500, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Hisham Sabri
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Suite 500, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Elham Emami
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Suite 500, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada.
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