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Identification of critical sex-biased genes in Andrias davidianus by de novo transcriptome. Mol Genet Genomics 2018; 294:287-299. [PMID: 30377773 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-018-1508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus is a protected amphibian with high nutritional and economic value. Understanding its sex determination mechanism is important for improving culture techniques and sex control in breeding. However, little information on the characterization of critical genes involved in sex is available. Herein, sequencing of ovary and test produced 40,783,222 and 46,128,902 raw reads, respectively, which were jointly assembled into 80,497 unigenes. Of these, 36,609 unigenes were annotated, of which 8907 were female-biased and 10,385 were male-biased. Several sex-related pathways were observed, including the Wnt signaling pathway. After elevated temperature and estrogen exposure, neomale and neofemale specimens were identified by a female-specific marker for the first time. RT-qPCR analysis showed the expression profile of ten selected sex-biased genes to be exhibited consistently in male and neomale and in female and neofemale, with the exception of the Amh and TfIIIa genes. Results suggested that these genes may play important roles in A. davidianus sex determination and gonad development. This provides a basis for further investigation of the molecular mechanisms of sex determination in amphibians.
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52
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Yang Q, Yang X, Liu J, Chen Y, Shen S. Effects of exposure to BPF on development and sexual differentiation during early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 210:44-56. [PMID: 29758382 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol F (BPF) has become a predominant bisphenol contaminant in recent years. It has significant estrogenic properties in both in vivo and in vitro studies. We have previously studied the disrupting mechanisms of BPF on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis of adult zebrafish. However, the effects of BPF exposure on development and sexual differentiation of zebrafish embryos/larvae remain unclear. To determine the effects of BPF on the critical stage of sex differentiation in zebrafish, zebrafish embryos/larvae were exposed to 1, 10, 100, and 1000 μg/L BPF from fertilization to 60 days post-fertilization (dpf). Developmental malformations were induced by exposure to BPF from 2 h post-fertilization (hpf), with a LC50 of 10,030 μg/L at 96 hpf and 9391 μg/L at 120 hpf. Long-term exposure during sex differentiation tended to result in a female sex ratio bias. Histological analyses at 60 dpf indicated that the development of ovo-testes and immature ovaries was induced by 100 and 1000 μg/L BPF. Homogenate testosterone levels decreased and 17β-estradiol levels increased in zebrafish in a concentration-dependent manner. BPF exposure suppressed gene expression of double sex, Mab3-related transcription factor 1(dmrt1), fushi tarazu factor 1d (ff1d), sry-box containing gene 9a (sox9a) and anti-Mullerian hormone (amh); induced expression of the forkhead box L2 transcription factor (foxl2), leading to increased expression of aromatase (cyp19a1a), which promoted production of estrogens, and further caused phenotypic feminization of zebrafish. These results suggest that developmental exposure to BPF has adverse effects on sexual differentiation, and the results were useful for a BPF risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China; The College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xianhai Yang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Jining Liu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Yingwen Chen
- The College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Shubao Shen
- The College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
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53
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Ma YB, Jia PP, Junaid M, Yang L, Lu CJ, Pei DS. Reproductive effects linked to DNA methylation in male zebrafish chronically exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 237:1050-1061. [PMID: 29150256 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) possesses the potential to interfere with the male reproductive endocrine system in mammals; however, its reproductive toxicity in male zebrafish and associated epigenetic studies have not been explored. In this study, three-month-old male zebrafish were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of DEHP (0, 10, 33 and 100 μg/L) for 3 months, and then the impact on the reproduction of males and the underlying mechanism were investigated. Histological testing showed that an exposure concentration of 100 μg/L DEHP significantly inhibited spermatogenesis, with an associated decline in capability to fertilize untreated oocytes. Electron microscopic examinations also revealed noticeable damage to the testicular ultrastructure at the 100 μg/L DEHP exposure level. In addition, exposure to 33 and 100 μg/L of DEHP resulted in a decline of circulating testosterone (T) and an increase in the level of 17β-estradiol (E2), both of which were possibly derived from the downregulation of cyp17a1 and hsd17b3 genes and the upregulation of the cyp19a1a gene in the gonads. The DNA methylation statuses of these genes were altered within their promoter regions. A significant increase in global DNA methylation in both the male testes and their offspring larvae was observed at higher exposure concentration of DEHP. Our findings demonstrate that exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of DEHP can damage the testes, disturbe the sex hormones production, and inhibite spermatogenesis, which ultimately impairs the reproduction of male zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Bo Ma
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pan-Pan Jia
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Yang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Chun-Jiao Lu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - De-Sheng Pei
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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54
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Hinfray N, Sohm F, Caulier M, Chadili E, Piccini B, Torchy C, Porcher JM, Guiguen Y, Brion F. Dynamic and differential expression of the gonadal aromatase during the process of sexual differentiation in a novel transgenic cyp19a1a-eGFP zebrafish line. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018. [PMID: 28648994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In zebrafish, there exists a clear need for new tools to study sex differentiation dynamic and its perturbation by endocrine disrupting chemicals. In this context, we developed and characterized a novel transgenic zebrafish line expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the zebrafish cyp19a1a (gonadal aromatase) promoter. In most gonochoristic fish species including zebrafish, cyp19a1a, the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of estrogens, has been shown to play a critical role in the processes of reproduction and sexual differentiation. This novel cyp19a1a-eGFP transgenic line allowed a deeper characterization of expression and localization of cyp19a1a gene in zebrafish gonads both at the adult stage and during development. At the adult stage, GFP expression was higher in ovaries than in testis. We showed a perfect co-expression of GFP and endogenous Cyp19a1a protein in gonads that was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of peri-follicular cells in the ovary and of Leydig and germ cells in the testis. During development, GFP was expressed in all immature gonads of 20 dpf-old zebrafish. Then, GFP expression increased in early differentiated female at 30 and 35dpf to reach a high GFP intensity in well-differentiated ovaries at 40dpf. On the contrary, males consistently displayed low GFP expression as compared to female whatever their stage of development, resulting in a clear dimorphic expression between both sexes. Interestingly, fish that undergoes ovary-to-testis transition (35 and 40dpf) presented GFP levels similar to males or intermediate between females and males. In this transgenic line our results confirm that cyp19a1a is expressed early during development, before the histological differentiation of the gonads, and that the down-regulation of cyp19a1a expression is likely responsible for the testicular differentiation. Moreover, we show that although cyp19a1a expression exhibits a clear dimorphic expression pattern in gonads during sexual differentiation, its expression persists whatever the sex suggesting that estradiol synthesis is important for gonadal development of both sexes. Monitoring the expression of GFP in control and exposed-fish will help determine the sensitivity of this transgenic line to EDCs and to refine mechanistic based-assays for the study of EDCs. In fine, this transgenic zebrafish line will be a useful tool to study physiological processes such as reproduction and sexual differentiation, and their perturbations by EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Hinfray
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - Frédéric Sohm
- UMS AMAGEN, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Morgane Caulier
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Edith Chadili
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Benjamin Piccini
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Camille Torchy
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Jean-Marc Porcher
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Yann Guiguen
- INRA, UR1037, Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Génomique des Poissons (LPGP), IFR140, Ouest-Genopole, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - François Brion
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
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55
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Lee J, Park NY, Kho Y, Ji K. Effects of 4-Hydroxyphenyl 4-Isoprooxyphenylsulfone (BPSIP) Exposure on Reproduction and Endocrine System of Zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:1506-1513. [PMID: 29373025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The compound 4-hydroxyphenyl 4-isoprooxyphenylsulfone (BPSIP), a derivative of bisphenol S (BPS), has been detected in thermal paper and human urine samples; however, its potential effects on the endocrine system are largely unknown. The present study was conducted to determine the adverse effects of BPSIP on egg production, relative organ weights, plasma levels of sex hormones, and transcription of genes related to the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis in zebrafish (Danio rerio). In male fish, the gonadosomatic index was significantly decreased at concentrations of 5 and 50 μg/L BPSIP. The estrogenic (increase in the 17β-estradiol/testosterone [E2/T] ratio) and antiandrogenic (decrease in T) effects were observed in fish exposed to BPSIP and males were more sensitive to the adverse effects than females. The changes in sex hormones were supported by the regulation of genes along the HPG axis, such as cyp19, 17βhsd, and cyp17 transcripts. Although the effective concentration for endocrine disruption was greater than that of BPS, the actions of BPSIP on the steroidogenic pathway were similar to the effects of BPS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Lee
- Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Yongin University , Yongin, 17092, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Youn Park
- Department of Health, Environment and Safety, Eulji University , Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13135, Republic of Korea
| | - Younglim Kho
- Department of Health, Environment and Safety, Eulji University , Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13135, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghee Ji
- Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Yongin University , Yongin, 17092, Republic of Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Yongin University , Yongin, 17092, Republic of Korea
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56
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Liu G, Ke M, Fan X, Zhang M, Zhu Y, Lu T, Sun L, Qian H. Reproductive and endocrine-disrupting toxicity of Microcystis aeruginosa in female zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 192:289-296. [PMID: 29112878 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa, a primary species in cyanobacterial blooms, is ubiquitously distributed in water. Microcystins (MCs) purified from M. aeruginosa can exert reproductive toxicity in fish. However, the effects of M. aeruginosa at environmentally relevant levels on the reproductive and endocrine systems of zebrafish are still unknown. The present study investigated the reproductive and endocrine-disrupting toxicity of M. aeruginosa on female zebrafish (Danio rerio) by short-term exposure (96 h). After exposure, marked histological lesions in the liver or gonads, such as nuclear pyknosis and deformation, were observed, and the fertilization rate and hatchability of eggs spawned from treated females were both significantly lower than they were in females in the control group, suggesting the possibility of transgenerational effects of M. aeruginosa exposure. Moreover, M. aeruginosa exposure decreased the concentration of 17β-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) in female zebrafish. Interestingly, the vtg1 transcriptional level significantly decreased in the liver, whereas plasma vitellogenin (VTG) protein levels increased. The present findings indicate that M. aeruginosa could modulate endocrine function by disrupting transcription of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal-liver (HPGL) axis-related genes, and impair the reproductive capacity of female zebrafish, suggesting that M. aeruginosa causes potential adverse effects on fish reproduction in Microcystis bloom-contaminated aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfu Liu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China; Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Mingjing Ke
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Xiaoji Fan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Youchao Zhu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China
| | - Liwei Sun
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China.
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, PR China.
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57
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Lee J, Kho Y, Kim PG, Ji K. Exposure to bisphenol S alters the expression of microRNA in male zebrafish. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 338:191-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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58
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Pal P, Moulik SR, Gupta S, Guha P, Majumder S, Kundu S, Mallick B, Pramanick K, Mukherjee D. Estrogen-regulated expression of P450arom genes in the brain and ovaries of adult female Indian climbing perch, Anabas testudineus. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 329:29-42. [PMID: 29667754 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450arom (CYP19), a product of cyp19a1 gene, catalyzes the conversion of androgens to estrogens and is essential for regulation of reproductive function in vertebrates. In the present study, we isolated partial cDNA encoding the ovarian (cyp19a1a) and brain (cyp19a1b) P450arom genes from adult female perch, Anabas testudineus and investigated their regulation by estrogen in vivo. Results demonstrated that cyp19a1a and cyp19a1b predominate in ovary and brain respectively, with quantity of both attuned to reproductive cycle. To elucidate estrogen-regulated expression of cyp19a1b in brain and cyp19a1a in ovary, dose- and time-dependent studies were conducted with estrogen in vitellogenic-stage fish in the presence or absence of specific aromatase inhibitor fadrozole. Results demonstrated that treatment of fish with 17β-estradiol (E2; 1.0 μM)) for 6 days caused significant upregulation of cyp19a1b transcripts, aromatase B protein, and aromatase activity in brain in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Ovarian cyp19a1a mRNA, aromatase protein, and aromatase activity, however, was less responsive to E2 than brain. Treatment of fish with an aromatase inhibitor fadrozole for 6 days attenuated both brain and ovarian cyp19a1 mRNAs expression and stimulatory effects of E2 was also significantly reduced. These results indicate that expression of cyp19a1b in brain and cyp19a1a in ovary of adult female A. testudineus was closely associated to plasma E2 levels and seasonal reproductive cycle. Results further show apparent differential regulation of cyp19a1a and cyp19a1b expression by E2/fadrozole manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Pal
- Department of Zoology, Taki Government College, Taki, India
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| | - Sujata Roy Moulik
- Department of Zoology, Chandernagore College, Chandannagar, India
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| | - Shreyasi Gupta
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| | - Payel Guha
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| | - Suravi Majumder
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| | - Sourav Kundu
- Department of Botany, West Bengal State University, Barasat, India
| | - Buddhadev Mallick
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| | | | - Dilip Mukherjee
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
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59
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Kim B, Ji K, Kho Y, Kim PG, Park K, Kim K, Kim Y, Kim KT, Choi K. Effects of chronic exposure to cefadroxil and cefradine on Daphnia magna and Oryzias latipes. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 185:844-851. [PMID: 28735237 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cefadroxil and cefradine have frequently been detected in surface waters, however toxicological studies in aquatic organisms have mostly been limited to acute lethal effects. In the present study, endocrine disruption caused by cefadroxil and cefradine, and its underlying mechanism were investigated by chronic exposure of Daphnia magna (21 d) and Oryzias latipes (120 d). In medaka fish, the effects on growth, mortality, and reproduction, as well as on the levels of hormones and genes related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis, were investigated after 120 d exposure. In D. magna, the chronic effects on growth were observed at the highest concentration of 83.0 mg L-1 cefadroxil and 80.8 mg L-1 cefradine. The growth of juvenile fish was significantly impaired by exposure to cefradine. Following exposure to cefadroxil and cefradine for 120 d, sex-dependent changes in E2 hormones were observed and their levels were supported by the regulation of genes along the HPG axis. We found that chronic exposure to cefadroxil and cefradine impaired growth and reproduction in a freshwater invertebrate and fish, and altered the levels of sex hormones and genes associated with the HPG axis in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Kim
- Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School at Yongin University, Yongin, 17092, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghee Ji
- Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School at Yongin University, Yongin, 17092, Republic of Korea.
| | - Younglim Kho
- Department of Health, Environment & Safety, Eulji University, Seongnam, 13135, Republic of Korea
| | - Pan-Gyi Kim
- Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School at Yongin University, Yongin, 17092, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghwa Park
- National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungtae Kim
- National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ki-Tae Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Gupta S, Moulik SR, Pal P, Majumder S, Das S, Guha P, Juin SK, Panigrahi AK, Mukherjee D. Estrogen-regulated expression of cyp19a1a and cyp19a1b genes in swim-up fry of Labeo rohita. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 251:85-93. [PMID: 28694055 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
P450 aromatase is the terminal enzyme in the steroidogenic pathway and catalyzes the conversion of androgens to estrogens. The expression of cyp19a1 genes in brain and gonad of Indian major carp, Labeo rohita swim-up fry was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain-reaction. Results demonstrated that cyp19a1b and cyp19a1a predominate in brain and gonad respectively. Treatment of fry with an aromatase inhibitor fadrozole for 6days attenuated brain cyp19a1b expression, but not cyp19a1a of gonad. Fadrozole also attenuated brain aromatase activity. Treatment with 17β-estradiol (E2) for 6days resulted in up-regulation of brain cyp19a1b transcripts in a dose- and time-dependent manner, but not cyp19a1a. Whole-body concentration of vitellogenin also increased in response to E2. Altogether, these results indicate L. rohita swim-up fry can be used to detect environmental estrogens either using vitellogenin induction or cyp19a1b gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyasi Gupta
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Sujata Roy Moulik
- Department of Zoology, Chandernagore College, Chandannagar, Hooghly, West Bengal 712136, India
| | - Puja Pal
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India; Department of Zoology, Taki Government College, Taki, Hasnabad, West Bengal 743429, India
| | - Suravi Majumder
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Sumana Das
- Department of Zoology, Krishnagar Government College, Krishnanagar, Nadia, West Bengal 741101, India
| | - Payel Guha
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Subir Kumar Juin
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Ashis Kumar Panigrahi
- Ecotoxicology and Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Dilip Mukherjee
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India.
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61
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Yang YJ, Wang Y, Li Z, Zhou L, Gui JF. Sequential, Divergent, and Cooperative Requirements of Foxl2a and Foxl2b in Ovary Development and Maintenance of Zebrafish. Genetics 2017; 205:1551-1572. [PMID: 28193729 PMCID: PMC5378113 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.116.199133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxl2 is essential for mammalian ovary maintenance. Although sexually dimorphic expression of foxl2 was observed in many teleosts, its role and regulative mechanism in fish remained largely unclear. In this study, we first identified two transcript variants of foxl2a and its homologous gene foxl2b in zebrafish, and revealed their specific expression in follicular layer cells in a sequential and divergent fashion during ovary differentiation, maturation, and maintenance. Then, homozygous foxl2a mutants (foxl2a-/-) and foxl2b mutants (foxl2b-/-) were constructed and detailed comparisons, such as sex ratio, gonadal histological structure, transcriptome profiling, and dynamic expression of gonadal development-related genes, were carried out. Initial ovarian differentiation and oocyte development occur normally both in foxl2a-/- and foxl2b-/- mutants, but foxl2a and foxl2b disruptions result in premature ovarian failure and partial sex reversal, respectively, in adult females. In foxl2a-/- female mutants, sox9a-amh/cyp19a1a signaling was upregulated at 150 days postfertilization (dpf) and subsequently oocyte apoptosis was triggered after 180 dpf. In contrast, dmrt1 expression was greater at 105 dpf and increased several 100-fold in foxl2b-/- mutated ovaries at 270 dpf, along with other testis-related genes. Finally, homozygous foxl2a-/-/foxl2b-/- double mutants were constructed in which complete sex reversal occurs early and testis-differentiation genes robustly increase at 60 dpf. Given mutual compensation between foxl2a and foxl2b in foxl2b-/- and foxl2a-/- mutants, we proposed a model in which foxl2a and foxl2b cooperate to regulate zebrafish ovary development and maintenance, with foxl2b potentially having a dominant role in preventing the ovary from differentiating as testis, as compared to foxl2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian-Fang Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Pallotta MM, Turano M, Ronca R, Mezzasalma M, Petraccioli A, Odierna G, Capriglione T. Brain Gene Expression is Influenced by Incubation Temperature During Leopard Gecko (Eublepharis macularius) Development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2017; 328:360-370. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mimmo Turano
- Dipartimento di Biologia; Università di Napoli Federico II; Napoli Italy
| | - Raffaele Ronca
- Dipartimento di Biologia; Università di Napoli Federico II; Napoli Italy
| | | | - Agnese Petraccioli
- Dipartimento di Biologia; Università di Napoli Federico II; Napoli Italy
| | - Gaetano Odierna
- Dipartimento di Biologia; Università di Napoli Federico II; Napoli Italy
| | - Teresa Capriglione
- Dipartimento di Biologia; Università di Napoli Federico II; Napoli Italy
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63
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Zhao Q, Shi F, Zhu L. Prometryn and humic acid induce Cytochrome P450 1A expression in Danio rerio (zebrafish). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 135:40-47. [PMID: 27685669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Humic acid (HA) is a major component of dissolved organic matter, is ubiquitous in the aquatic environment and influences the biological toxicity of organic pollutants. In this study, we investigated the cytochrome P450 1A (CYP 1A) mRNA expression and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity in the gills and liver of zebrafish following exposure to the s-triazine herbicide prometryn with or without HA present. Prometryn induced both CYP 1A mRNA expression and EROD activity. The CYP 1A mRNA expression of zebrafish that were exposed to a combination of prometryn and HA was increased compared to those exposed to prometryn alone. A likely cause for CYP 1A induction is the impact of special components of HA, functioning as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonists. In combination with HA, these increase prometryn levels in tissues. Similar results for EROD activity were evident. In our time course study, CYP 1A mRNA expression reached maximum values during 24h. This revealed CYP 1A mRNA transcription as a comparatively sensitive toxicity index. In a recovery experiment, we found a faster decrease of CYP 1A mRNA expression to control levels (CK) in gills compared to liver tissue. Following exposure to HA, CYP 1A mRNA expression in liver tissue displayed a faster decrease to CK levels. HA induced enhanced metabolic rates for prometryn. In contrast, recovery regularity of CYP 1A expression in gills was independent of the presence of HA. This result indicates different detoxification mechanisms for HA in liver and gills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Feng Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China.
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64
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Guo D, Wang Y, Qian Y, Chen C, Jiao B, Cai L, Wang Q. Joint acute and endocrine disruptive toxicities of malathion, cypermethrin and prochloraz to embryo-larval zebrafish, Danio rerio. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 166:63-71. [PMID: 27684438 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
It remains a daunting challenge to determine ecotoxicological risks of exposure to mixtures of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in environmental toxicology. In the present study, we investigated acute and endocrine disruptive toxicities of cypermethrin (CPM), malathion (MAL), prochloraz (PRO) and their binary mixtures of MAL + CPM and MAL + PRO to the early life stages of zebrafish. In the acute lethal toxicity test, three pesticides exhibited different levels of toxicity to zebrafish larvae, and the order of toxicity was as follows: CPM > PRO > MAL. The binary mixture of MAL + CPM displayed a synergistic effect on zebrafish larvae after exposure for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. However, binary mixture of MAL + PRO showed an antagonistic effect. To evaluate the estrogenic effect, the expression of genes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis was assessed after zebrafish embryos were exposed to CPM, MAL, PRO and their binary mixtures from blastula stage (1 h post-fertilization, 1 hpf) to 14 dpf (14 d post-fertilization). Our data indicated that the transcription patterns of many key genes (vtg1, vtg2, era, erβ1, erβ2, cyp19a1a and cyp19a1b) were affected in hatched zebrafish after exposure to CPM, MAL and PRO. Moreover, following exposure to binary mixtures of 1000 μg/L MAL +4 μg/L CPM and 1000 μg/L MAL +900 μg/L PRO, the gene expressions were significantly changed compared with the individual pesticides. Our data provided a better understanding of bidirectional interactions of toxic response induced by these pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yongzhong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bining Jiao
- Citrus Research Institute c/o Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainious Regions of Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Leiming Cai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control/Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
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Xu Q, Wu D, Dang Y, Yu L, Liu C, Wang J. Reproduction impairment and endocrine disruption in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) after waterborne exposure to TBOEP. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 182:163-171. [PMID: 27912163 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) is widely used as a substitute of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). It has been frequently measured at concentrations of micrograms per liter (μg/L) in surface waters and waste water. However, limited information is available about the reproduction toxicology of TBOEP. In this study, adult zebrafish pairs were exposed to TBOEP at concentrations of 0, 5, 50, and 500μg/L for 21days. The effects on reproduction, hormone concentration, transcription of genes along the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, and gonadal development were investigated. After exposure to TBOEP, plasma concentrations of 17β-estradiol were significantly increased in both sexes of fish, while increase of testosterone was observed only in male fish. Transcription of genes along the HPG axis was significantly influenced by exposure to TBOEP in both male and female fish. Moreover, TBOEP decreases the average number of eggs production, as well as hatching success and survival rates in offspring. Histological examination shows inhibition of oocyte maturation in females and retardation spermiation in males, respectively. The results demonstrate that TBOEP could disturb the sex hormone balance by altering regulatory circuits of the HPG axis, affect gonadal development, eventually leading to disruption of reproductive performance and the development of progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglong Xu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ding Wu
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Yao Dang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liqin Yu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Productioon of Fisherise in Huhan Province, Changde 415000, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jianghua Wang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Noyes PD, Garcia GR, Tanguay RL. ZEBRAFISH AS AN IN VIVO MODEL FOR SUSTAINABLE CHEMICAL DESIGN. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2016; 18:6410-6430. [PMID: 28461781 PMCID: PMC5408959 DOI: 10.1039/c6gc02061e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Heightened public awareness about the many thousands of chemicals in use and present as persistent contaminants in the environment has increased the demand for safer chemicals and more rigorous toxicity testing. There is a growing recognition that the use of traditional test models and empirical approaches is impractical for screening for toxicity the many thousands of chemicals in the environment and the hundreds of new chemistries introduced each year. These realities coupled with the green chemistry movement have prompted efforts to implement more predictive-based approaches to evaluate chemical toxicity early in product development. While used for many years in environmental toxicology and biomedicine, zebrafish use has accelerated more recently in genetic toxicology, high throughput screening (HTS), and behavioral testing. This review describes major advances in these testing methods that have positioned the zebrafish as a highly applicable model in chemical safety evaluations and sustainable chemistry efforts. Many toxic responses have been shown to be shared among fish and mammals owing to their generally well-conserved development, cellular networks, and organ systems. These shared responses have been observed for chemicals that impair endocrine functioning, development, and reproduction, as well as those that elicit cardiotoxicity and carcinogenicity, among other diseases. HTS technologies with zebrafish enable screening large chemical libraries for bioactivity that provide opportunities for testing early in product development. A compelling attribute of the zebrafish centers on being able to characterize toxicity mechanisms across multiple levels of biological organization from the genome to receptor interactions and cellular processes leading to phenotypic changes such as developmental malformations. Finally, there is a growing recognition of the links between human and wildlife health and the need for approaches that allow for assessment of real world multi-chemical exposures. The zebrafish is poised to be an important model in bridging these two conventionally separate areas of toxicology and characterizing the biological effects of chemical mixtures that could augment its role in sustainable chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela D. Noyes
- Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Gloria R. Garcia
- Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Robert L. Tanguay
- Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
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Abstract
How sex is determined has been one of the most intriguing puzzles in biology since antiquity. Although a fundamental process in most metazoans, there seems to be myriad of ways in which sex can be determined - from genetic to environmental sex determination. This variation is limited mainly to upstream triggers with the core of sex determination pathway being conserved. Zebrafish has gained prominence as a vertebrate model system to study development and disease. However, very little is known about its primary sex determination mechanism. Here we review our current understanding of the sex determination in zebrafish. Zebrafish lack identifiable heteromorphic sex chromosomes and sex is determined by multiple genes, with some influence from the environment. Recently, chromosome 4 has been identified as sex chromosome along with few sex-linked loci on chromosomes 5 and 16. The identities of candidate sex-linked genes, however, have remained elusive. Sex in zebrafish is also influenced by the number of meiotic oocytes in the juvenile ovary, which appear to instruct retention of the ovarian fate. The mechanism and identity of this instructive signal remain unknown. We hypothesize that sex in zebrafish is a culmination of combinatorial effects of the genome, germ cells and the environment with inputs from epigenetic factors translating the biological meaning of this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nagabhushana
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
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Meng S, Qiu L, Hu G, Fan L, Song C, Zheng Y, Wu W, Qu J, Li D, Chen J, Xu P. Effects of methomyl on steroidogenic gene transcription of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad-liver axis in male tilapia. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 165:152-162. [PMID: 27643660 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Male tilapia were exposed to sub-lethal methomyl concentrations of 0, 0.2, 2, 20 or 200 μg/L for 30 d, and were subsequently cultured in methomyl-free water for 18 d. Relative transcript abundance of steroidogenic genes involved in the HPGL axis of male tilapia was examined at 30 d in the exposure test and at 18 d in the recovery test. The results revealed that low concentrations of methomyl (0.2 and 2 μg/L) did not cause significant changes in gene mRNA levels in the HPGL axis of male tilapia; thus, we considered 2 μg/L concentrations as the level that showed no apparent adverse endocrine disruption effects. However, higher concentrations of methomyl (20 and 200 μg/L) disrupted the endocrine system and caused significant increase in the levels of GnRH2, GnRH3, ERα, and ERβ genes in the hypothalamus, GnRHR and FSHβ genes in the pituitary, CYP19a, FSHR, and ERα genes in the testis, and VTG and ERα genes in the liver, and significantly decreased the levels of LHR, StAR, 3β-HSD, and ARα genes in the testis and LHβ gene in the pituitary, leading to changes in sex steroid hormone and vitellogenin levels in the serum and ultimately resulting in reproductive dysfunction in male tilapia. The recovery tests showed that the toxicity effect caused by 20 μg/L methomyl was reversible; however, the toxicity effect at 200 μg/L of methomyl was irreversible after 18 d. Therefore, we concluded that 200 μg/L was the threshold concentration for methomyl-induced irreversible endocrine disruption in male tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShunLong Meng
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Eco-environment Assessment and Resource Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, CAFS, Wuxi, 214081, PR China
| | - LiPing Qiu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Eco-environment Assessment and Resource Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, CAFS, Wuxi, 214081, PR China
| | - GengDong Hu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Eco-environment Assessment and Resource Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, CAFS, Wuxi, 214081, PR China
| | - LiMin Fan
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Eco-environment Assessment and Resource Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, CAFS, Wuxi, 214081, PR China
| | - Chao Song
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Eco-environment Assessment and Resource Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, CAFS, Wuxi, 214081, PR China
| | - Yao Zheng
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Eco-environment Assessment and Resource Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, CAFS, Wuxi, 214081, PR China
| | - Wei Wu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Eco-environment Assessment and Resource Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, CAFS, Wuxi, 214081, PR China
| | - JianHong Qu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Eco-environment Assessment and Resource Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, CAFS, Wuxi, 214081, PR China
| | - DanDan Li
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Eco-environment Assessment and Resource Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, CAFS, Wuxi, 214081, PR China
| | - JiaZhang Chen
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Eco-environment Assessment and Resource Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, CAFS, Wuxi, 214081, PR China.
| | - Pao Xu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Eco-environment Assessment and Resource Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, CAFS, Wuxi, 214081, PR China.
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69
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Lau ESW, Zhang Z, Qin M, Ge W. Knockout of Zebrafish Ovarian Aromatase Gene (cyp19a1a) by TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 Leads to All-male Offspring Due to Failed Ovarian Differentiation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37357. [PMID: 27876832 PMCID: PMC5120357 DOI: 10.1038/srep37357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual or gonadal differentiation is a complex event and its mechanism remains elusive in teleosts. Despite its complexity and plasticity, the process of ovarian differentiation is believed to involve gonadal aromatase (cyp19a1a) in nearly all species studied. However, most data concerning the role of aromatase have come from gene expression analysis or studies involving pharmacological approaches. There has been a lack of genetic evidence for the importance of aromatase in gonadal differentiation, especially the timing when the enzyme starts to exert its effect. This is due to the lack of appropriate loss-of-function approaches in fish models for studying gene functions. This situation has changed recently with the development of genome editing technologies, namely TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9. Using both TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9, we successfully established three mutant zebrafish lines lacking the ovarian aromatase. As expected, all mutant fish were males, supporting the view that aromatase plays a critical role in directing ovarian differentiation and development. Further analysis showed that the ovarian aromatase did not seem to affect the formation of so-called juvenile ovary and oocyte-like germ cells; however, it was essential for further differentiation of the juvenile ovary into the true ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Shuk-Wa Lau
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Mingming Qin
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Wei Ge
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
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70
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Zhu Y, Hua R, Zhou Y, Li H, Quan S, Yu Y. Chronic exposure to mono-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate causes endocrine disruption and reproductive dysfunction in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2016; 35:2117-2124. [PMID: 26762230 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Phthalic acid esters are frequently detected in aquatic environments. In the present study, zebrafish were exposed to low concentrations (0 µg/L, 0.46 µg/L, 4.0 µg/L, and 37.5 µg/L) of mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) for 81 d, and the effects on reproduction, gamete quality, plasma vitellogenin (VTG), sex steroids, and transcriptional profiles of key genes involved in steroidogenesis were investigated. The results demonstrated that egg production and sperm quality were decreased after exposure to MEHP, which also resulted in reduced egg diameter and eggshell as well as decreased egg protein content. Significant inductions in plasma testosterone and 17β-estradiol (E2) were observed in females, which might have resulted from up-regulation of CYP19a and 17β-HSD gene transcription in the ovary. A significant increase in plasma E2 along with a decrease in plasma 11-keto testosterone was also observed in males, which was accompanied by up-regulation of CYP19a and inhibition of CYP11b transcription in the testis. In addition, plasma vitellogenin levels were significantly increased after MEHP exposure in both sexes. Moreover, continuous MEHP exposure in the F1 embryos resulted in worse hatching rates and increased malformation rates compared with embryos without MEHP exposure. Taken together, these results demonstrate that MEHP has the potential to cause reproductive dysfunction and impair the development of offspring. However, it should be noted that most of the significant effects were observed at higher concentrations, and MEHP at typically measured concentrations may not have major effects on fish reproduction and development. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2117-2124. © 2016 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongtong Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Hua
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Song Quan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Yu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Cole BJ, Brander SM, Jeffries KM, Hasenbein S, He G, Denison MS, Fangue NA, Connon RE. Changes in Menidia beryllina Gene Expression and In Vitro Hormone-Receptor Activation After Exposure to Estuarine Waters Near Treated Wastewater Outfalls. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 71:210-23. [PMID: 27155869 PMCID: PMC7938872 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-016-0282-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Fishes in estuarine waters are frequently exposed to treated wastewater effluent, among numerous other sources of contaminants, yet the impacts of these anthropogenic chemicals are not well understood in these dynamic and important waterways. Inland silversides (Menidia beryllina) at an early stage of development [12 days posthatch (dph)] were exposed to waters from two estuarine wastewater-treatment outfall locations in a tidal estuary, the Sacramento/San Joaquin Delta (California, USA) that had varied hydrology and input volumes. The genomic response caused by endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) in these waters was determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction on a suite of hormonally regulated genes. Relative androgenic and estrogenic activities of the waters were measured using CALUX reporter bioassays. The presence of bifenthrin, a pyrethroid pesticide and known EDC, as well as caffeine and the anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical ibuprofen, which were used as markers of wastewater effluent input, were determined using instrumental analysis. Detectable levels of bifenthrin (2.89 ng L(-1)) were found on one of the sampling dates, and caffeine was found on all sampling dates, in water from the Boynton Slough. Neither compound was detected at the Carquinez Strait site, which has a much smaller effluent discharge input volume relative to the receiving water body size compared with Boynton Slough. Water samples from both sites incubated in the CALUX cell line induced estrogenic and androgenic activity in almost all instances, though the estrogenicity was relatively higher than the androgenicity. Changes in the abundance of mRNA transcripts of endocrine-responsive genes and indicators of general chemical stress were observed after a 96-h exposure to waters from both locations. The relative levels of endocrine response, changes in gene transcript abundance, and contaminant concentrations were greater in water from the Boynton Slough site despite those effluents undergoing a more advanced treatment process. The availability of a widely geographically distributed estuarine model species (M. beryllina) now allows for improved assessment of treated effluent impacts across brackish, estuarine, and marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan J Cole
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Susanne M Brander
- Department of Biology & Marine Biology, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC, 28403, USA
| | - Ken M Jeffries
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Simone Hasenbein
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Guochun He
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Michael S Denison
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Nann A Fangue
- Wildlife, Fish & Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Richard E Connon
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Kwon B, Shin H, Moon HB, Ji K, Kim KT. Effects of tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate exposure on endocrine systems and reproduction of zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 214:568-574. [PMID: 27131816 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEOP), a widely used organophosphate flame retardant, has frequently been detected both in the environment and the biota. However, limited information is available on the effects of TBEOP on the endocrine system and its underlying mechanisms. We exposed adult zebrafish pairs to TBEOP at concentrations of 0, 2.1, 11, and 118 μg/L for 21 d, and investigated the effects on gene transcription and hormone production related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, and on reproduction. The adverse effects on the F1 generation were further examined. In male fish, plasma concentrations of 17β-estradiol were significantly increased along with up-regulation of cyp19a. Exposure to TBEOP at 118 μg/L led to a significant decrease in average egg production. Exposure of the F0 generation to TBEOP delayed hatching and lowered hatching rates in the F1 generation. The results demonstrate that exposure to TBEOP at environmentally relevant concentration levels could affect the sex hormone balance by altering regulatory circuits of the HPG axis, eventually leading to disruption of reproductive performance and the development of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bareum Kwon
- Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Yongin University, Yongin 17092, Republic of Korea; CRI Global Institute of Toxicology, Croen Research Inc., Suwon 16614, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Shin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Bang Moon
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghee Ji
- Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Yongin University, Yongin 17092, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea.
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73
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Muth-Köhne E, Westphal-Settele K, Brückner J, Konradi S, Schiller V, Schäfers C, Teigeler M, Fenske M. Linking the response of endocrine regulated genes to adverse effects on sex differentiation improves comprehension of aromatase inhibition in a Fish Sexual Development Test. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 176:116-127. [PMID: 27130971 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Fish Sexual Development Test (FSDT) is a non-reproductive test to assess adverse effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals. With the present study it was intended to evaluate whether gene expression endpoints would serve as predictive markers of endocrine disruption in a FSDT. For proof-of-concept, a FSDT according to the OECD TG 234 was conducted with the non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor fadrozole (test concentrations: 10μg/L, 32μg/L, 100μg/L) using zebrafish (Danio rerio). Gene expression analyses using quantitative RT-PCR were included at 48h, 96h, 28days and 63days post fertilization (hpf, dpf). The selection of genes aimed at finding molecular endpoints which could be directly linked to the adverse apical effects of aromatase inhibition. The most prominent effects of fadrozole exposure on the sexual development of zebrafish were a complete sex ratio shift towards males and an acceleration of gonad maturation already at low fadrozole concentrations (10μg/L). Due to the specific inhibition of the aromatase enzyme (Cyp19) by fadrozole and thus, the conversion of C19-androgens to C18-estrogens, the steroid hormone balance controlling the sex ratio of zebrafish was altered. The resulting key event is the regulation of directly estrogen-responsive genes. Subsequently, gene expression of vitellogenin 1 (vtg1) and of the aromatase cyp19a1b isoform (cyp19a1b), were down-regulated upon fadrozole treatment compared to controls. For example, mRNA levels of vtg1 were down-regulated compared to the controls as early as 48 hpf and 96 hpf. Further regulated genes cumulated in pathways suggested to be controlled by endocrine mechanisms, like the steroid and terpenoid synthesis pathway (e.g. mevalonate (diphospho) decarboxylase (mvd), lanosterol synthase (2,3-oxidosqualene-lanosterol cyclase; lss), methylsterol monooxygenase 1 (sc4mol)) and in lipid transport/metabolic processes (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (star), apolipoprotein Eb (apoEb)). Taken together, this study demonstrated that the existing Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) for aromatase inhibition in fish can be translated to the life-stage of sexual differentiation. We were further able to identify MoA-specific marker gene expression which can be instrumental in defining new measurable key events (KE) of existing or new AOPs related to endocrine disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Muth-Köhne
- Fraunhofer IME, Department of Ecotoxicology, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany.
| | | | - Jasmin Brückner
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Woerlitzer Platz 1, 06844 Dessau, Germany
| | - Sabine Konradi
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Woerlitzer Platz 1, 06844 Dessau, Germany
| | - Viktoria Schiller
- Fraunhofer IME, Attract Group UNIFISH, Forckenbeckstraße 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christoph Schäfers
- Fraunhofer IME, Department of Ecotoxicology, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Teigeler
- Fraunhofer IME, Department of Ecotoxicology, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Martina Fenske
- Fraunhofer IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Forckenbeckstraße 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Su Y, Li L, Hou J, Wu N, Lin W, Li G. Life-cycle exposure to microcystin-LR interferes with the reproductive endocrine system of male zebrafish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 175:205-212. [PMID: 27060240 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, MC-LR reproductive toxicity drew great attention. Limited information was available on endocrine-disrupting effects of MC-LR on the reproduction system in fish. In the present study, zebrafish hatchlings (5 d post-fertilization) were exposed to 0, 0.3, 3 and 30μg/L MC-LR for 90 d until they reached sexual maturity. Male zebrafish were selected, and changes in growth and developmental parameters, testicular histological structure as well as the levels of gonadal steroid hormones were studied along with the related-gene transcriptional responses in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG-axis). The results, for the first time, show a life cycle exposure to MC-LR causes growth inhibition, testicular damage and delayed sperm maturation. A significant decrease in T/E2 ratio indicated that MC-LR disrupted sex steroid hormones balance. The changes in transcriptional responses of HPG-axis related genes revealed that MC-LR promoted the conversion of T to E2 in circulating blood. It was also noted that vtg1 mRNA expression in the liver was up-regulated, which implied that MC-LR could induce estrogenic-like effects at environmentally relevant concentrations and long-term exposure. Our findings indicated that a life cycle exposure to MC-LR causes endocrine disruption with organic and functional damage of the testis, which might compromise the quality of life for the survivors and pose a potent threat on fish reproduction and thus population dynamics in MCs-contaminated aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Su
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Li Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Jie Hou
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Ning Wu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Wang Lin
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Guangyu Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China
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75
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Integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in tilapia gonads at an early stage of sex differentiation. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:328. [PMID: 27142172 PMCID: PMC4855716 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a second regulatory network that has important effects on gene expression and protein translation during biological process. However, the possible role of miRNAs in the early stages of fish sex differentiation is not well understood. In this study, we carried an integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles to explore their possibly regulatory patterns at the critical stage of sex differentiation in tilapia. Results We identified 279 pre-miRNA genes in tilapia genome, which were highly conserved in other fish species. Based on small RNA library sequencing, we identified 635 mature miRNAs in tilapia gonads, in which 62 and 49 miRNAs showed higher expression in XX and XY gonads, respectively. The predicted targets of these sex-biased miRNAs (e.g., miR-9, miR-21, miR-30a, miR-96, miR-200b, miR-212 and miR-7977) included genes encoding key enzymes in steroidogenic pathways (Cyp11a1, Hsd3b, Cyp19a1a, Hsd11b) and key molecules involved in vertebrate sex differentiation (Foxl2, Amh, Star1, Sf1, Dmrt1, and Gsdf). These genes also showed sex-biased expression in tilapia gonads at 5 dah. Some miRNAs (e.g., miR-96 and miR-737) targeted multiple genes involved in steroid synthesis, suggesting a complex miRNA regulatory network during early sex differentiation in this fish. Conclusions The sequence and expression patterns of most miRNAs in tilapia are conserved in fishes, indicating the basic functions of vertebrate miRNAs might share a common evolutionary origin. This comprehensive analysis of miRNA and mRNA at the early stage of molecular sex differentiation in tilapia XX and XY gonads lead to the discovery of differentially expressed miRNAs and their putative targets, which will facilitate studies of the regulatory network of molecular sex determination and differentiation in fishes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2636-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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76
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Roy Moulik S, Pal P, Majumder S, Mallick B, Gupta S, Guha P, Roy S, Mukherjee D. Gonadotropin and sf-1 regulation of cyp19a1a gene and aromatase activity during oocyte development in the rohu, L. rohita. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 196:1-10. [PMID: 26916215 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450arom), a product of cyp19a1 gene, plays pivotal roles in vertebrate steroidogenesis and reproduction. In this study, we isolated partial cDNA encoding the ovarian (cyp19a1a) and brain (cyp19a1b) P450arom genes from adult female rohu, Labeo rohita and investigated the regulation of cyp19a1a by gonadotropin and SF-1. The cyp19a1a and cyp19a1b were expressed predominantly in the ovary and brain respectively, with quantity of the former attuned to reproductive cycle. To elucidate gonadotropin regulation of cyp19a1a mRNA expression and P450 aromatase activity for 17β-estradiol (E2) biosynthesis in vitro by the vitellogenic ovarian follicles, time- and dose-dependent studies were conducted with HCG and porcine FSH. Results demonstrated that HCG stimulated significantly higher expression of cyp19a1a mRNA and aromatase activity leading to increased biosynthesis of E2 than FSH. To understand the involvement of SF-1 to in the regulation of cyp19a1a and aromatase activity, ovarian follicles were incubated with increasing concentrations of HCG and expression of sf1gene and activation of SF-1 protein were measured. Results demonstrated that HCG significantly induced expression of sf-1 gene and activation of SF-1 protein suggesting a link between SF-1 and P450 aromatase activation in this fish ovary during gonadotropin-induced steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujata Roy Moulik
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India; Department of Zoology, Chandernagore College, Chandannagar, Hooghly, West Bengal 712136, India
| | - Puja Pal
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India; Department of Zoology, Taki Government College, Taki, Hasnabad, West Bengal 743429, India
| | - Suravi Majumder
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Buddhadev Mallick
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Shreyasi Gupta
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Payel Guha
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Sibsankar Roy
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Dilip Mukherjee
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India.
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77
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Nikoleris L, Hultin CL, Hallgren P, Hansson MC. 17α-Ethinylestradiol (EE2) treatment of wild roach (Rutilus rutilus) during early life development disrupts expression of genes directly involved in the feedback cycle of estrogen. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 180:56-64. [PMID: 26689641 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fish are more sensitive to introduced disturbances from synthetic endocrine disrupting compounds during early life phases compared with mature stages. 17α-Ethinylestradiol (EE2), which is the active compound in human oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapies, is today ever present in the effluents from sewage treatment plants. EE2 targets and interacts with the endogenous biological systems of exposed vertebrates resulting in to large extents unknown short- and long-term effects. We investigated how EE2 exposure affects expression profiles of a large number of target genes during early life of roach (Rutilus rutilus). We exposed fertilized roach eggs collected from a lake in Southern Sweden to EE2 for 12weeks together with 1+-year-old roach in aquaria. We measured the gene expression of the estrogen receptor (esr)1/2a/2b, androgen receptor (ar), vitellogenin, cytochrome P450 (cyp)19a1a/1b in fertilized eggs; newly hatched larvae; 12-week-old fry; and juvenile wild roach (1+-year-old). Results shows that an EE2 concentration as low as 0.5ng/L significantly affects gene expression during early development. Gene expression responses vary both among life stages and molecular receptors. We also show that the gene profile of the estrogen feedback cycle to a large extent depends on the relationship between the three esr genes and the two cyp19a1 genes, which are all up-regulated with age. Results indicate that a disruption of the natural activity of the dominant esr gene could lead to detrimental biological effects if EE2 exposure occurs during development, even if this exposure occurred for only a short period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Nikoleris
- Centre for Environmental and Climate Research (CEC), Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden; Section for Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Cecilia L Hultin
- Centre for Environmental and Climate Research (CEC), Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Hallgren
- Section for Aquatic Ecology, Department of Biology, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria C Hansson
- Centre for Environmental and Climate Research (CEC), Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden.
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78
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Characterization and expression of cyp19a gene in the Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 192:21-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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79
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Yu M, Zhang X, Guo L, Tian H, Wang W, Ru S. Anti-estrogenic effect of semicarbazide in female zebrafish (Danio rerio) and its potential mechanisms. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 170:262-270. [PMID: 26688189 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Semicarbazide (SMC), a member of the hydrazine family, has various toxic effects and has been detected in organisms, aquatic environments, and food. SMC exposure inhibited the transcription of hepatic vitellogenin and estrogen receptors in female zebrafish (Danio rerio), suggesting that it had anti-estrogenic properties. In order to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these, we exposed female zebrafish to SMC and used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to examine plasma 17β-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) levels. Gonad histology was analyzed and the mRNA expression of genes involved in the reproductive axis, the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt, and leptin was quantified by real-time PCR. Zebrafish were exposed to 1, 10, 100, or 1000μg/L SMC in a semi-static system for 96hours or 28 days. Plasma E2 levels were significantly decreased and ovarian maturation was inhibited by SMC, suggesting that its anti-estrogenic effect was exerted by reducing endogenous E2 levels. This was likely due to the SMC-mediated inhibition of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 19A mRNA levels, because this enzyme catalyzes the conversion of T to E2 in the gonads. In addition, down-regulation of the mRNA expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, CYP17, and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was observed; this was predicted to reduce T concentrations and further contribute to the reduced E2 levels. SMC-induced changes in the expression of these steroidogenic genes correlated with decreased transcription of gonadotropic hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone) and significantly elevated leptin expression. Furthermore, SMC also altered expression of the key enzyme in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis, GABA receptors, and salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone, thus affecting gonadotropin expression. Overall, SMC acted at multiple sites related to reproduction to reduce plasma E2 levels, consequently exerting an anti-estrogenic effect in female zebrafish. These effects were observed at environmentally relevant concentrations and highlight the importance of controlling SMC contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Linlin Guo
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hua Tian
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Wang J, Cao X, Sun J, Huang Y, Tang X. Disruption of endocrine function in H295R cell in vitro and in zebrafish in vivo by naphthenic acids. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 299:1-9. [PMID: 26073515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) have been reported to exhibit endocrine disrupting effects on aquatic organisms. Although the responsible compounds are unknown, naphthenic acids (NAs) have been considered to be implicated. The current study was designed to investigate the endocrine disruption of OSPW extracted NAs (OS-NAs) and commercial NAs (C-NAs) using a combination of in vitro and in vivo assays. The effects of OS-NAs and C-NAs on steroidogenesis were assessed both at hormone levels and expression levels of hormone-related genes in the H295R cells. The transcriptions of biomarker genes involved in endocrine systems in zebrafish larvae were investigated to detect the effects of OS-NAs and C-NAs on endocrine function in vivo. Exposure to OS-NAs and C-NAs significantly increased production of 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4), and decreased production of testosterone (T). Both OS-NAs and C-NAs significantly induced the expression of several genes involved in steroidogenesis. The abundances of transcripts of biomarker gene CYP19b, ERα, and VTG were significantly up-regulated in zebrafish larvae exposed to OS-NAs and C-NAs, which indicated that NAs had negative effects on estrogen-responsive gene transcription in vivo. These results indicated that NAs should be partly responsible for the endocrine disrupting effects of OSPW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaofeng Cao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jinhua Sun
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yi Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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81
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Zhang X, Zhong Y, Tian H, Wang W, Ru S. Impairment of the cortisol stress response mediated by the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis in zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to monocrotophos pesticide. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2015. [PMID: 26196239 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In teleosts, an important component of the stress response is coordinated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis. Environmental contaminants might disrupt the stress axis and consequently affect the stress response in fish. To investigate the effect of monocrotophos (MCP) pesticide on the stress response of fish and its potential mechanisms, adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to 0, 1, 10, and 100μg/L of a 40% MCP-based pesticide for 21d, after which time fish were subjected to a 3-min air-exposure stressor. Concentrations of the whole-body cortisol were measured by radioimmunoassay and abundances of transcripts of proteins involved in the HPI axis were determined using quantitative real-time PCR. Results showed that 100μg/L of MCP pesticide decreased whole-body cortisol levels of female zebrafish in response to an acute stressor, but without any effect on the cortisol response in males. 100μg/L MCP pesticide reduced POMC and GR expression in the brain, MC2R and P45011β expression in the head kidney, but enhanced 20β-HSD2 expression in the head kidney, suggesting that MCP damaged the HPI axis involving acting at pituitary regulatory levels, inhibiting cortisol synthesis and stimulating cortisol catabolism, or disturbing the negative feedback regulation. Additionally, MCP depressed liver GR transcription but did not affect phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and tyrosine aminotransferase expression in zebrafish, suggesting a role for this pesticide in reducing target tissue responsiveness to cortisol. Considered together, the reduced ability to elevate cortisol levels in response to an acute stress may be an endocrine dysfunction occurring in zebrafish subchronically exposed to MCP pesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yan Zhong
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hua Tian
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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82
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Si Y, Ding Y, He F, Wen H, Li J, Zhao J, Huang Z. DNA methylation level of cyp19a1a and Foxl2 gene related to their expression patterns and reproduction traits during ovary development stages of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Gene 2015; 575:321-30. [PMID: 26343797 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Foxl2 and cyp19a1a genes are crucial for the ovarian development, and Foxl2 could play a direct regulatory role on cyp19a1a transcription. In this study, we aimed to study DNA methylation status and mRNA expression patterns of Foxl2 and cyp19a1a genes during ovarian development of female Japanese flounder. The relative expression level of cyp19a1a and Foxl2 gene during the gonadal development stages was measured by quantitative PCR. Moreover, DNA methylation status in the promoter and coding regions of the two genes was detected by bisulfite sequencing. The estradiol-17β (E2) was measured by radioimmunoassay. The results showed low expression levels of cyp19a1a and Foxl2 genes in stages II and V, while the highest expression levels were detected in stage IV. The variation trend of the methylation level of all CpG sites in promoter and exon 1 of cyp19a1a gene and three CpG rich regions in coding region of Foxl2 gene was negatively associated with their expression levels during the ovarian development. In addition, two CpG sites in promoter and seven CpG sites in exon 1 of cyp19a1a were on the putative transcription factors binding sequence. Further studies showed that the forkhead domain, which is important for Foxl2 binding to cyp19a1a was located in the F1 and F2 region. These results provide a powerful theoretical basis for the regulatory mechanism on Foxl2 regulating cyp19a1a and promoting gonadal differentiation towards the female pathway, and further reveal that Foxl2 and cyp19a1a play a vital role in the female Japanese flounder gonad development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Si
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China; Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China
| | - Yuxia Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China; Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China
| | - Feng He
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China; Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China.
| | - Haishen Wen
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China; Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China
| | - Jifang Li
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China; Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China
| | - Junli Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China; Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China
| | - Zhengju Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China; Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China
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83
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Lee S, Jung D, Kho Y, Ji K, Kim P, Ahn B, Choi K. Ecotoxicological assessment of cimetidine and determination of its potential for endocrine disruption using three test organisms: Daphnia magna, Moina macrocopa, and Danio rerio. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 135:208-216. [PMID: 25957140 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cimetidine is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist used for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. It is often detected in aquatic environments, but its ecotoxicological effects have not been well studied. Thus, ecotoxicity of cimetidine was evaluated using Daphnia magna and Moina macrocopa, and zebrafish (Danio rerio), and a predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) was derived. In D. magna, 48 h immobilization EC50 was determined at 394.9 mg L(-1). However, reproduction damages in D. magna were not found even at the maximum exposure level (30 mg L(-1)). For M. macrocopa, 48 h EC50 was found at 175.8 mg L(-1) and the 7 d reproduction no observed effect concentration (NOEC) was 1.1 mg L(-1). For D. rerio, 40 d growth NOEC was determined at 100 mg L(-1), the highest experimental concentration. The PNEC of cimetidine was estimated at 0.1 mg L(-1) based on M. macrocopa 7d reproduction NOEC. In 14 d adult zebrafish exposure, endocrine disruption potentials of cimetidine were observed. In male, decrease in plasma 17β-estradiol and testosterone levels, up-regulation of gonadal cyp17, and down-regulation of hepatic erα were observed at 300 mg L(-1). In female, increase in plasma E2 level and down-regulation of hepatic cyp1a were noted at 3 mg L(-1). Endocrine disruption effects were also observed in early life stage exposure. Up-regulation of erβ at 17d, and cyp19a and vtg at 40 d post fertilization were detected at 100 mg L(-1), and co-occurrence of ovary and putative testis was observed at as low as 1.1 mg L(-1). The results indicate that there is little evidence for cimetidine to cause direct ecological impact at the current ambient levels in the aquatic environment. However potential consequences of endocrine disruption following long-term exposure in aquatic environment deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeram Lee
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawoon Jung
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
| | - Younglim Kho
- Department of Health, Environment and Safety, Eulji University, Seongnam 461-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghee Ji
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Yongin University, Yongin 449-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Pilje Kim
- National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongwoo Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
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84
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Guo Y, Yang Y, Gao Y, Wang X, Zhou B. The impact of long term exposure to phthalic acid esters on reproduction in Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 203:130-136. [PMID: 25880617 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The environmental risk of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) is of great concern. We investigated the reproductive impairment of di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) on Chinese rare minnow, an endemic fish inhabiting the upper streams of the Yangtze River. Chinese rare minnow larvae were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of DEHP (0, 4.2, 13.3, and 40.8 μg/L) for 6 months. Plasma testosterone and 17β-estradiol levels decreased in females, accompanied by downregulation of cyp19a and cyp17 gene transcription in ovary. Increases in plasma testosterone concentration were observed in males, accompanied by downregulation of cyp19a gene transcription in testes. Hepatic VTG gene transcription was upregulated in males and females. Exposure to DEHP reduced egg production and inhibited oocyte maturation in females and retarded spermiation in males. Decreased egg protein content was measured in F1 embryos. These results indicate that long-term exposure to low concentrations of DEHP (13.3 μg/L) causes endocrine disruption and impairs fish reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanjin Yang
- Institute of Chinese Sturgeon Research, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Yong Gao
- Institute of Chinese Sturgeon Research, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Xianfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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85
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Caulier M, Brion F, Chadili E, Turies C, Piccini B, Porcher JM, Guiguen Y, Hinfray N. Localization of steroidogenic enzymes and Foxl2a in the gonads of mature zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2015; 188:96-106. [PMID: 26099948 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In zebrafish, the identification of the cells expressing steroidogenic enzymes and their regulators is far from completely fulfilled though it could provide crucial information on the elucidation of the role of these enzymes. The aim of this study was to better characterize the expression pattern of steroidogenic enzymes involved in estrogen and androgen production (Cyp17-I, Cyp11c1, Cyp19a1a and Cyp19a1b) and one of their regulators (Foxl2a) in zebrafish gonads. By using immunohistochemistry, we localized the steroid-producing cells in mature zebrafish gonads and determined different expression patterns between males and females. All these steroidogenic enzymes and Foxl2a were detected both in the testis and ovary. In the testis, they were all localized both in Leydig and germ cells except Cyp19a1b which was only detected in germ cells. In the ovary, Cyp17-I, Cyp19a1a and Foxl2a were immunolocalized in both somatic and germ cells while Cyp19a1b was only detected in germ cells and Cyp11c1 in somatic cells. Moreover, Cyp19a1a and Foxl2a did not display exactly the same patterns of spatial localization but their expressions were correlated suggesting a possible regulation of cyp19a1a gene by Foxl2a in zebrafish. Comparative analysis revealed a dimorphic expression of Cyp11c1, Cyp19a1a, Cyp19a1b and Foxl2a between males and females. Overall, our study provides a detailed description of the expression of proteins involved in the biosynthesis of steroidal hormones at the cellular scale within gonads, which is critical to further elucidating the intimate roles of the enzymes and the use of the zebrafish as a model in the field of endocrinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Caulier
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - François Brion
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Edith Chadili
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Cyril Turies
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Benjamin Piccini
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Jean-Marc Porcher
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Yann Guiguen
- INRA, UR1037, Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Génomique des Poissons (LPGP), IFR140, Ouest-Genopole, F-35000 Rennes France
| | - Nathalie Hinfray
- INERIS, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Pole VIVA, Unite d'ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
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86
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Wang J, Cao X, Huang Y, Tang X. Developmental toxicity and endocrine disruption of naphthenic acids on the early life stage of zebrafish (Danio rerio). J Appl Toxicol 2015; 35:1493-501. [PMID: 25995127 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) has been reported to exhibit adverse effects on the environment and wildlife. Although the compounds responsible are unknown, naphthenic acids (NAs) have been considered to be implicated. The current study was designed to investigate whether NAs might cause developmental toxicity and endocrine disruption on the early life stage of zebrafish (Danio rerio). The success of embryo hatch was inhibited by 2.5 mg l(-1) oil sands NAs (OS-NAs) exposure, and both OSPW NAs and commercial NAs (C-NAs) exposure resulted in a variety of developmental lesions in the fish larvae, such as yolk sac edema, pericardial edema and spinal malformation. The transcription of genes involved cytochrome P450 aromatase (CYP19a and CYP19b), estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ1 and ERβ2), and vitellogenin (VTG) was analyzed to evaluate the endocrine disrupting effects of NAs. Significant up-regulated gene expressions of CYP19b, ERα and VTG were observed in both OS-NAs and C-NAs groups, which indicated the deleteriously estrogenic potential of NAs. These results confirmed that NAs derived from crude petroleum could negatively impact the development and endocrine function of zebrafish, and be primarily responsible for the toxicity of OSPW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaofeng Cao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yi Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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87
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Transcripts involved in steroid biosynthesis and steroid receptor signaling are expressed early in development in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 182:64-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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88
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Rodrigues-Silva C, Flores-Nunes F, Vernal JI, Cargnin-Ferreira E, Bainy ACD. Expression and immunohistochemical localization of the cytochrome P450 isoform 356A1 (CYP356A1) in oyster Crassostrea gigas. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 159:267-275. [PMID: 25569847 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 family (CYP) is a group of proteins virtually found in all living organisms. The main role of most CYPs is to metabolize endo and xenobiotics. Most of the studies on CYP have been carried out in mammals and other vertebrates, however recently a growing interest has been devoted to the identification of CYP isoforms in invertebrates. A gene belonging to the CYP sub-family, CYP356A1, was identified in sanitary sewage-exposed Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas. Through heterologous expression, we produced CYP356A1 purified protein and raised a mouse polyclonal antibody. Dot blot tests showed that oysters exposed in situ for 14 days to untreated urban effluent discharges had significantly higher levels of CYP356A1 in digestive gland. Using immunohistochemical techniques we observed that the lining epithelial cells of mantle, stomach and intestine showed a strong CYP356A1 staining, but the mucus and secretory cells were negative. Digestive diverticulum parenchyma and gills lining cells showed strong CYP356A1 reaction, while the filamentary rod (connective tissue) was negative. Free cells, as hemocytes and brown cells also showed CYP356A1 immunoreactions indicating the presence of biotransformation activity in these cells. Male germ cells at early stages expressed CYP356A1 but not sperm mature cells, suggesting that this protein could be involved in the male gonadal development. This study shows the use of a specific antibody to a mollusk CYP isoform and that this protein is inducible in oysters environmentally exposed to urban sewage effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christielly Rodrigues-Silva
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Flores-Nunes
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Javier I Vernal
- Center of Structural and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Cargnin-Ferreira
- Laboratory of Histological Markers, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia, Garopaba, SC, Brazil
| | - Afonso C D Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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89
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Liu H, Mu X, Gui L, Su M, Li H, Zhang G, Liu Z, Zhang J. Characterization and gonadal expression of FOXL2 relative to Cyp19a genes in spotted scat Scatophagus argus. Gene 2014; 561:6-14. [PMID: 25550048 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we cloned the full-length cDNAs of FOXL2, Cyp19a1a and Cyp19a1b and analyzed their expression patterns during gonadal development in spotted scat, Scatophagus argus. All three genes were expressed in ovaries and testes but showed sexual dimorphism. At early stages of gonadal development, the expression of FOXL2 in ovaries was higher than testes. FOXL2 expression deceased gradually as gonadal development continued, and reached the lowest level at the mature stage. Cyp19a1a and Cyp19a1b were expressed coordinately with FOXL2, except at the early vitellogenic stage in the ovary. The expression of FOXL2, Cyp19a1a and Cyp19a1b was mainly localized in granulosa cells of ovaries. In S. argus testes, strong expression of FOXL2 gene was observed in the interstitial cells including tubules and Leydig cells, while Cyp19a1a and Cyp19a1b were mainly expressed in Sertoli cells throughout gametogenesis. These results show that FOXL2 plays an essential role in sexual development, and imply that it may regulate Cyp19a1a and Cyp19a1b expression in S. argus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xingjiang Mu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Lang Gui
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Maoliang Su
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhenhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Junbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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90
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Gao Y, Guo W, Hu Q, Zou M, Tang R, Chi W, Li D. Characterization and differential expression patterns of conserved microRNAs and mRNAs in three genders of the rice field eel (Monopterus albus). Sex Dev 2014; 8:387-98. [PMID: 25427634 DOI: 10.1159/000369181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small RNAs that can regulate target mRNAs by binding to their sequences in the 3' untranslated region. The expression of miRNAs and their biogenetic pathway are involved in sexual differentiation and in the regulation of the development of germ cells and gonadal somatic cells. The rice field eel (Monopterus albus) undergoes a natural sexual transformation from female to male via an intersex stage during its life cycle. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of this sexual transformation, miRNAs present in the different sexual stages of the rice field eel were identified by high-throughput sequencing technology. A significantly differential expression among the 3 genders (p < 0.001) was observed for 48 unique miRNAs and 3 miRNAs*. Only 9 unique miRNAs showed a more than 8-fold change in their expression among the 3 genders, including mal-miR-430a and mal-miR-430c which were higher in females than in males. However, mal-miR-430b was only detected in males. Several potential miRNA target genes (cyp19a, cyp19b, nr5a1b, foxl2 amh, and vasa) were also investigated. Real-time RT-PCR demonstrated highly specific expression patterns of these genes in the 3 genders of the rice field eel. Many of these genes are targets of mal-miR-430b according to the TargetScan and miRTarBase. These results suggest that the miR-430 family may be involved in the sexual transformation of the rice field eel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
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91
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Bello UM, Madekurozwa MC, Groenewald HB, Aire TA, Arukwe A. The effects on steroidogenesis and histopathology of adult male Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) testis following pre-pubertal exposure to di(n-butyl) phthalate (DBP). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 166:24-33. [PMID: 24983780 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we have investigated the effects of 30-day dietary (pre-pubertal) exposure to different doses (0 (control), 1, 10, 50, 200 and 400 mg/kg bodyweight/day) of di(n-butyl) phthalate (DBP) on Leydig cells of adult male Japanese quails by quantifying the transcript levels for P450 side-chain cleavage (p450scc), P450c17 (CYP17), and 3β- and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (hsd) using quantitative (real-time) polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). In addition, the plasma testosterone levels were analysed using radioimmunoassay (RIA) and testis was examined for evidence of gross pathology and histopathology. Our data showed that pre-pubertal exposure to DBP produced alterations in testicular architecture as evident by poorly developed or mis-shaped testis, and altered spermatogenesis due to tubular degeneration and atrophy of seminiferous tubules especially in the high DBP dose (200 and 400 mg/kg) treated groups. In addition, DBP altered several key enzymes involved in testicular steroidogenesis pathways in an apparent dose-dependent manner. For example, biphasic effects of DBP were observed for P450scc and 3β-hsd mRNA, that were generally increasing at low dose 10 mg/kg, and thereafter, an apparent dose-dependent decrease between 50 and 400mg/kg. The steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein was at the lowest detectable limits and therefore not quantifiable. These effects did not parallel the non-significant changes observed for plasma testosterone levels. The present data is consistent with previous reports showing that DBP modulates Leydig cell steroidogenesis in several species, with a potential negative effect on reproduction in those avian species that are vulnerable to endocrine disrupting chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar M Bello
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa; Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Mary-Catherine Madekurozwa
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Herman B Groenewald
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Tom A Aire
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa; Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, St. George's University, True Blue, St George's, Grenada
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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92
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Kim S, Jung D, Kho Y, Choi K. Effects of benzophenone-3 exposure on endocrine disruption and reproduction of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)--a two generation exposure study. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 155:244-52. [PMID: 25064457 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) has been widely used in sunscreens and cosmetics to protect human skin from the harmful effects of UV irradiation. While BP-3 has been frequently detected in surface waters, sediments and biota, only limited information is available on its in vivo toxicity, particularly in fish. In the present study the endocrine disrupting capacity of BP-3 and its underlying mechanisms were investigated using Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Adult Japanese medaka pairs (F0) were exposed to 0, 4.7, 8.4, 26, or 90 μg/L (or 0, 15, 50, 150, or 500 μg/L of BP-3 based on nominal concentration) for 14 d and its effects on sex steroid hormones, and transcription of various associated genes were determined. Following additional 14 d of exposure, the F1 eggs reproduced were counted and were further exposed to 0, 5.4, 12, or 30 μg/L of BP-3 (or 0, 15, 50, or 150 μg/L based on nominal concentrations) until 30 d after hatching. Chemical analysis of the exposed media confirmed transformation of BP-3 to benzophenone-1 (BP-1), a more potent estrogen agonist. After 14 d of the adult fish exposure, plasma concentrations of testosterone (T) significantly increased in male fish. The 17β-estradiol (E2) to T (E2/T) ratio showed significant decreases in both male and female fish. Overall down-regulation of gonadal steroidogenic genes such as star, cyp11a, cyp17, hsd3b, hsd17b3, and cyp19a was also observed. After 28 d of exposure, the daily average egg reproduction per female was significantly reduced at 26 μg/L of BP-3. However, hatchability of F1 eggs was not affected by continuous exposure. After continued exposure until 30 dph, juvenile fish showed concentration-dependent decrease of condition factor, but mortality was not affected. Our observation clearly indicates that endocrine balance and reproduction performance in fish could be affected by μg/L level exposure to BP-3. Consequences of longer term exposure over multi-generations warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Kim
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawoon Jung
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Younglim Kho
- Department of Health, Environment and Safety, Eulji University, Seongnam 461-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
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93
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Ortiz-Zarragoitia M, Bizarro C, Rojo-Bartolomé I, de Cerio OD, Cajaraville MP, Cancio I. Mugilid fish are sentinels of exposure to endocrine disrupting compounds in coastal and estuarine environments. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:4756-82. [PMID: 25222666 PMCID: PMC4178482 DOI: 10.3390/md12094756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Effects on fish reproduction can result from a variety of toxicity mechanisms first operating at the molecular level. Notably, the presence in the environment of some compounds termed endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can cause adverse effects on reproduction by interfering with the endocrine system. In some cases, exposure to EDCs leads to the animal feminization and male fish may develop oocytes in testis (intersex condition). Mugilid fish are well suited sentinel organisms to study the effects of reproductive EDCs in the monitoring of estuarine/marine environments. Up-regulation of aromatases and vitellogenins in males and juveniles and the presence of intersex individuals have been described in a wide array of mullet species worldwide. There is a need to develop new molecular markers to identify early feminization responses and intersex condition in fish populations, studying mechanisms that regulate gonad differentiation under exposure to xenoestrogens. Interestingly, an electrophoresis of gonad RNA, shows a strong expression of 5S rRNA in oocytes, indicating the potential of 5S rRNA and its regulating proteins to become useful molecular makers of oocyte presence in testis. Therefore, the use of these oocyte markers to sex and identify intersex mullets could constitute powerful molecular biomarkers to assess xenoestrogenicity in field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Ortiz-Zarragoitia
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station (PIE-UPV/EHU) and Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Cristina Bizarro
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station (PIE-UPV/EHU) and Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Iratxe Rojo-Bartolomé
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station (PIE-UPV/EHU) and Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Oihane Diaz de Cerio
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station (PIE-UPV/EHU) and Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Miren P Cajaraville
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station (PIE-UPV/EHU) and Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Ibon Cancio
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentzia Marine Station (PIE-UPV/EHU) and Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
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94
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Xu EGB, Liu S, Ying GG, Zheng GJS, Lee JHW, Leung KMY. The occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals in sewage effluents from three different sewage treatment plants, and in natural seawater from a marine reserve of Hong Kong. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 85:352-362. [PMID: 24650541 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We determined the concentrations of 12 endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in sewage effluents collected from three different sewage treatment plants (STPs) in Hong Kong, and found 4-nonylphenol (NP) and bisphenol A (BPA) were the most abundant EDCs. Effluent concentrations of NP and BPA were higher in dry season than in wet season, but opposite seasonal changes of NP were observed in receiving waters, probably due to the surface runoff. The two secondary STPs showed higher removal efficiency for these compounds than the preliminary STP, while having higher removal efficiency in wet season. Therefore, it is necessary to upgrade the preliminary STP and improve the EDC removal efficiency in dry season. Seawaters from the Cape D' Aguilar Marine Reserve adjacent to these STPs also exhibited elevated NP levels with a hazard quotient >1. Furthermore, diluted effluents from the STPs elicited significant transcriptional responses of EDC-related genes in the marine medaka fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis G B Xu
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, CAS Centre for Pearl River Delta Environmental Pollution and Control Research, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gene J S Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joseph H W Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth M Y Leung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
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95
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Jo A, Ji K, Choi K. Endocrine disruption effects of long-term exposure to perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and related mechanisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 108:360-366. [PMID: 24582365 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) have been frequently detected in both the environment and biota, however the endocrine disruption potentials and underlying mechanism of long-chain PFAAs have not yet been fully understood in fish. In the present study, the effects of perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) on sex steroid hormones and expression of mRNA of selected genes in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis were evaluated after 120 d exposure of zebrafish. In addition, production of sex hormones and transcription of steroidogenic genes were measured after in vitro exposure of H295R cells for 48 h. Exposure to PFTrDA resulted in reduced production of testosterone (T) along with lesser expression of CYP17A mRNA in H295R cells. In zebrafish, significant up-regulation of vtg1 was observed in males exposed to PFDA, whereas down-regulation was observed in females exposed to PFTrDA. In male zebrafish, concentrations of 17β-estradiol (E2) were significantly increased at 0.01 mg L(-1) PFTrDA. Significant increases in ratios of E2/T and E2/11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) were observed in male zebrafish after exposure to PFDA or PFTrDA, indicating estrogenic potentials of these compounds. The results of this study showed that long-term exposure to PFDA or PFTrDA could modulate sex steroid hormone production and related gene transcription of the HPG axis in a sex-dependent manner. Consequences of endocrine disruptions in reproduction performances of the fish warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areum Jo
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea; National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghee Ji
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Yongin University, Yongin 449-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
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96
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Reyhanian Caspillo N, Volkova K, Hallgren S, Olsson PE, Porsch-Hällström I. Short-term treatment of adult male zebrafish (Danio Rerio) with 17α-ethinyl estradiol affects the transcription of genes involved in development and male sex differentiation. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 164:35-42. [PMID: 24747828 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The synthetic estrogen 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) disturbs reproduction and causes gonadal malformation in fish. Effects on the transcription of genes involved in gonad development and function that could serve as sensitive biomarkers of reproductive effects in the field is, however, not well known. We have studied mRNA expression in testes and liver of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) males treated with 0, 5 or 25 ng/L EE2for 14 days. qPCR analysis showed that the mRNA expression of four genes linked to zebrafish male sex determination and differentiation, Anti-Mullerian Hormone, Double sex and mab-related protein, Sry-related HMG box-9a and Nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group number 1b were significantly decreased by 25 ng/L, but not 5 ng/L EE2 compared with the levels in untreated fish. The decreased transcription was correlated with a previously shown spawning failure in these males (Reyhanian et al., 2011. Aquat Toxicol 105, 41-48), suggesting that decreased mRNA expression of genes regulating male sexual function could be involved in the functional sterility. The mRNA level of Cytochrome P-45019a, involved in female reproductive development, was unaffected by hormone treatment. The transcription of the female-specific Vitellogenin was significantly induced in testes. While testicular Androgen Receptor and the Estrogen Receptor-alpha mRNA levels were unchanged, Estrogen receptor-beta was significantly decreased by 25 ng/L EE2. Hepatic Estrogen Receptor-alpha mRNA was significantly increased by both exposure concentrations, while Estrogen Receptor-beta transcription was unaltered. The decreased transcription of male-predominant genes supports a demasculinization of testes by EE2 and might reflect reproductive disturbances in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Reyhanian Caspillo
- School of Natural Sciences, Technology and Environmental Studies, Södertörn University, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden; Örebro Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Kristina Volkova
- School of Natural Sciences, Technology and Environmental Studies, Södertörn University, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden; Örebro Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Stefan Hallgren
- School of Natural Sciences, Technology and Environmental Studies, Södertörn University, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Per-Erik Olsson
- Örebro Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Inger Porsch-Hällström
- School of Natural Sciences, Technology and Environmental Studies, Södertörn University, SE-141 89 Huddinge, Sweden
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97
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Chen XW, Jiang S, Gu YF, Shi ZY. Molecular characterization and expression of cyp19a gene in Carassius auratus. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2014; 85:516-522. [PMID: 24865234 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A cyp19a gene that contains nine exons and eight introns was identified from Carassius auratus and was mainly expressed in the ovary. The cyp19a mRNA level after hatching was initially low, but began to increase from 25 days after hatching. A number of cis-acting elements, such as the oestrogen receptor, steroidogenic factor 1 and SOX-5 recognition sites, were found in the promoter of the cyp19 gene, which possesses a promoter function confirmed by a recombination green fluorescent protein checking system in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Chen
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201306, China
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98
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Yu L, Liu C, Chen Q, Zhou B. Endocrine disruption and reproduction impairment in zebrafish after long-term exposure to DE-71. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2014; 33:1354-62. [PMID: 24596126 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) on fish reproduction over 2 generations. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos (F0) were exposed to low concentrations (3 µg/L, 10 µg/L, and 30 µg/L) of the PBDE mixture DE-71 until they were sexually mature, and steroid hormone production, expression of genes involved in steroidogenesis, gonadal development, and gamete characteristics were examined. Exposure of female zebrafish to DE-71 resulted in lower estradiol production and downregulation of cytochrome P450 aromatase mRNA. In males, exposure to DE-71 resulted in greater testosterone production and greater cytochrome P450 c17 α-hydroxylase,17,20-lase mRNA expression. Moreover, hepatic vitellogenin mRNA and estrogenic receptor β gene transcription were downregulated in females and males. Expression of the follicle-stimulating hormone β gene in the pituitary was upregulated, and the expression of luteinizing hormone β was downregulated in both sexes. Histological examination showed inhibition of oocyte maturation in females and retarded spermiation in males. The average number of eggs (F1) produced was also reduced. Additionally, exposure of F0 embryos to DE-71 did not result in developmental toxicity, whereas delayed hatching, reduced survival, and decreased growth were observed in the F1 embryos derived from parent fish exposed to DE-71. Therefore, long-term exposure to low concentrations of PBDEs in zebrafish could cause reproductive impairment, suggesting that PBDEs might have significant adverse effects on fish population in the highly PBDEs-contaminated aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China; Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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99
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Geffroy B, Guiguen Y, Fostier A, Bardonnet A. New insights regarding gonad development in European eel: evidence for a direct ovarian differentiation. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2013; 39:1129-1140. [PMID: 23334566 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-013-9769-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In European eel, it has been proposed that the undifferentiated gonad would develop into either an intersexual stage (Syrski organ) or directly into an ovary. The Syrski organ could then develop into either an ovary or a testis. In the present study, glass eels were raised until they reached a minimum size of 29 cm for histological sex assessment. In addition, some undifferentiated individuals with size encompassing 15-28 cm were sampled in a female-biased population (Oir River). We also investigated aromatase gene expression, which is known to be involved in the process of fish sex differentiation. Gonad histology revealed that intersexual eels were characterized by a small number of oocytes within a predominant testis-like structure. Males were significantly smaller than intersexual eels, which suggests that all males do not necessarily pass through an intermediate intersexual stage. Aromatase transcript levels in intersexual eels gonads and testes were similar but significantly lower than in ovaries and were comparable between ovaries and undifferentiated gonads from the females-biased population. In addition, condition factor was lower in female than in intersexual individuals. Together, these results provide evidence that ovaries would not develop from the Syrski organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Geffroy
- INRA, UMR 1224 Ecobiop, Pôle d'Hydrobiologie, Quartier Ibarron, 64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
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100
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Zhang J, Zuo Z, Zhu W, Sun P, Wang C. Sex-different effects of tributyltin on brain aromatase, estrogen receptor and retinoid X receptor gene expression in rockfish (Sebastiscus marmoratus). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2013; 90:113-118. [PMID: 23850073 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Since the brain plays important roles in reproduction, the brain aromatase (Cyp19b), estrogen receptor (ER), retinoid X receptor (RXR) α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ were examined in rockfish after TBT exposure (1, 10, and 100 ng L(-1)). The results showed that the Cyp19b expression was elevated in the male rockfish, while no effect was produced in the females. Inconsistently, serum testosterone and 17β-estradiol showed no change in the males, while an increase of testosterone and a decrease of 17β-estradiol were observed in the females. TBT affected the ER expression in the males depending on the concentrations, however, no change was observed in the females. In addition, TBT elevated the RXRα expression in the males but produced an opposite effect in the females. In conclusion, TBT might have had sex-different effects on the brain Cyp19b, ER and RXR expression in rockfish, indicating a complex endocrine disrupting effect of TBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiliang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, PR China
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