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Simultaneous Determination of Tocopherols, Phytosterols, and Squalene in Vegetable Oils by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-01987-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Shi T, Wu G, Jin Q, Wang X. Detection of camellia oil adulteration using chemometrics based on fatty acids GC fingerprints and phytosterols GC-MS fingerprints. Food Chem 2021; 352:129422. [PMID: 33714164 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The fatty acid, squalene, and phytosterols, coupled to chemometrics were utilized to detect the adulteration of camellia oil (CAO) with palm superolein (PAO), refined olive oil (ROO), high oleic- sunflower oil (HO-SUO), sunflower oil (SUO), corn oil (COO), rice bran oil (RBO), rice oil (RIO), peanut oil (PEO), sesame oil (SEO), soybean oil (SOO), and rapeseed oil (RAO). CAO was characterized with higher triterpene alcohols, thus differentiated from other vegetable oils in principle component analysis (PCA). Using partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), CAO adulterated with PAO, ROO, HO-SUO, SUO, COO, RBO, RIO, PEO, SEO, SOO, RAO (5%-100%, w/w), could be classified, especially higher than 92.31% of the total discrimination accuracy, at an adulterated ratio above 30%. With less than 22 potential key markers selected by the variable importance in projection (VIP), the optimized PLS models were confirmed to be accurate for the adulterated level prediction in CAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Gangcheng Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Sipeniece E, Mišina I, Qian Y, Grygier A, Sobieszczańska N, Sahu PK, Rudzińska M, Patel KS, Górnaś P. Fatty Acid Profile and Squalene, Tocopherol, Carotenoid, Sterol Content of Seven Selected Consumed Legumes. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 76:53-59. [PMID: 33404889 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-020-00875-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Legume seeds (Fabaceae) of seven species Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar), Glycine max (soybean), Lablab purpureus (lablab-bean), Macrotyloma uniflorum (kulthi bean), Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean), Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) and Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) were studied. The oil yield ranged from 1.2 to 20.2% dw, in the lablab-bean and soybean, respectively. The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) constituted the largest part (46-78%) of total fatty acids in studied legumes. γ-Tocopherol was the predominant tocopherol (T) homologue (61-95%) in most of the tested legumes with the exception of fenugreek (α-T, 97%) and cowpea (γ-T and δ-T, nearly equal). The β-sitosterol was the main sterol (51-56%) in most legumes. While in cowpea, lablab-bean and kulthi bean the main sterols were β-sitosterol and Δ5-stigmasterol (28-37% and 14-42%, respectively). Squalene was detected only in kulthi bean and lablab-bean (58 and 284 mg/100 g oil). The total concentration of carotenoids, tocochromanols, and sterols in the studied legumes was 0.2-9.2, 12.4-276.0, and 350-8,542 mg/100 g oil, respectively. Based on the levels of minor lipophilic compounds of this study, C. tetragonoloba, T. foenum-graecum and G. max seem to have a better nutritional value compared to P. vulgaris, V. unguiculata, L. purpureus, and M. uniflorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Sipeniece
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
| | - Inga Mišina
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
| | - Ying Qian
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Grygier
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Natalia Sobieszczańska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627, Poznań, Poland
| | - Pravin Kumar Sahu
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, 492010, Raipur, CG, India
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Khageshwar Singh Patel
- Amity University, State Highway 9, Raipur Baloda-Bazar Road, Tilda, Raipur, CG, 493225, India
| | - Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia.
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Ibrahim N‘I, Naina Mohamed I. Interdependence of Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Squalene-Implication for Cardiovascular Health. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:103. [PMID: 33573041 PMCID: PMC7911491 DOI: 10.3390/life11020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been recognized as the leading cause of mortality worldwide, accounting for 31% of global mortality. Among the risk factors of CVD, hyperlipidemia has been established as the most potent risk factor. Statins, a class of drug that reduces lower-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), are the preferred medical treatment. However, due to the development of statin-associated muscle symptoms, statins are associated with patients' discontinuation and nonadherence. Other statin-induced side effects, such as hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal upset, all contribute to patients choosing alternative medicines. Squalene (SQ), an unsaturated hydrocarbon naturally synthesized in plants and animals, could become the alternative treatment or supplementary agent for cardiovascular health. SQ has been shown to exert cardioprotective effect via its antioxidant activity. Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses are closely related to each other, which proposes an interdependence relation between antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Therefore, this review explores the interdependence between the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of SQ implicated on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isa Naina Mohamed
- Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
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55
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Chen YP, Gu YF, Zhao HR, Zhou YM. Dietary squalene supplementation alleviates diquat-induced oxidative stress and liver damage of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 100:100919. [PMID: 33518324 PMCID: PMC7936218 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the protective effects of squalene supplementation on growth performance, oxidative status, and liver function of diquat-challenged broilers. One hundred forty-four 1-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were allocated to 3 groups, and each group consisted of 6 replicates of 8 birds each. The three groups were as follows: 1) nonchallenged broilers fed with a basal diet (control group), 2) diquat-challenged broilers fed a basal diet, and 3) diquat-challenged broilers fed with a basal diet supplemented with 1.0 g/kg of squalene. Broilers were intraperitoneally injected with 20 mg/mL of diquat solution at a dosage of 1 mL/kg of BW or an equivalent amount of saline at 20 d. Compared with the control group, weight gain and BW change rate during 24 h after injection were decreased by diquat challenge (P < 0.05), and the diquat-induced compromised growth performance was improved by squalene supplementation (P < 0.05). Diquat administration reduced plasma superoxide dismutase activity and increased malondialdehyde accumulation and glutathione peroxidase activity in both plasma and the liver (P < 0.05). In contrast, plasma glutathione peroxidase activity in diquat-challenged broilers was reduced by squalene supplementation (P < 0.05). The hepatic glutathione level was reduced by diquat administration (P < 0.05), whereas its level in plasma and the liver of diquat-challenged broilers was increased by squalene supplementation (P < 0.05). The relative liver weight of broilers was increased by diquat challenge (P < 0.05), with its value being intermediate in the squalene-supplemented group (P > 0.05). The plasma aminotransferase activities and total bilirubin concentration were increased by diquat challenge (P < 0.05), which were reduced by squalene supplementation (P < 0.05). The mRNA abundance of hepatic nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (P < 0.05) was upregulated by diquat treatment, regardless of squalene supplementation. The mRNA abundance of hepatic glutathione peroxidase 1 and B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 2–associated X protein was upregulated by diquat challenge (P < 0.05), which was reversed by squalene administration (P < 0.05). Squalene increased NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 mRNA abundance and decreased caspase 3 mRNA abundance in the liver of diquat-challenged broilers (P < 0.05). The results suggested that squalene can increase weight gain, improve oxidative status, and alleviate liver injury in diquat-challenged broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China; Postdoctoral Research Station of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Y F Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - H R Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Y M Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Gabás‐Rivera C, Jurado‐Ruiz E, Sánchez‐Ortiz A, Romanos E, Martínez‐Beamonte R, Navarro MA, Surra JC, Arnal C, Rodríguez‐Yoldi MJ, Andrés‐Lacueva C, Osada J. Dietary Squalene Induces CytochromesCyp2b10andCyp2c55Independently of Sex, Dose, and Diet in Several Mouse Models. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000354. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Gabás‐Rivera
- Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | | | | | - Eduardo Romanos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Roberto Martínez‐Beamonte
- Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - María A. Navarro
- Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Joaquín C. Surra
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- Departamento de Producción Animal Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca Huesca 22071 Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Carmen Arnal
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- Departamento de Patología Animal Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - María J. Rodríguez‐Yoldi
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Facultad de Veterinaria Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Cristina Andrés‐Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory Department of Nutrition Food Sciences and Gastronomy Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona 08028 Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Jesús Osada
- Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
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57
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Effects of graded levels of dietary squalene supplementation on the growth performance, plasma biochemical parameters, antioxidant capacity, and meat quality in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 99:5915-5924. [PMID: 33142509 PMCID: PMC7647917 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary squalene supplementation on the growth performance, plasma biochemical indices, antioxidant status, and meat quality in broilers. Two hundred and forty 0-day-old male chicks were allocated into 5 groups of 6 replicates and were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 (Control group), 250, 500, 1,000, or 2,000 mg/kg squalene for 42 d. Dietary squalene supplementation linearly increased weight gain and feed efficiency of broilers during the grower and overall periods (P < 0.05). Squalene linearly decreased 21-d malondialdehyde (MDA) level and 42-d glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, and both linearly and quadratically decreased 42-d MDA level in plasma (P < 0.05). In contrast, squalene linearly increased plasma reduced form of glutathione (GSH) level on 21 and 42 d and superoxide dismutase activity on 42 d (P < 0.05). Squalene supplementation linearly decreased 21-d MDA accumulation but linearly increased GSH level on 21 d and 42 d and both linearly and quadratically increased 21-d GSH-Px activity in liver (P < 0.05). Supplementing squalene linearly increased pH value at 48 h and linearly decreased lightness at 48 h and 24-h drip loss of breast muscle (P < 0.05). The lightness at 24 h and cooking loss of breast muscle were both linearly and quadratically reduced by squalene (P < 0.05). Dietary squalene administration linearly decreased MDA accumulation but linearly increased GSH level and GSH-Px activity of breast muscle (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, aforementioned growth performance, antioxidant-related parameters (except 42-d GSH-Px in plasma and breast and hepatic GSH), and meat quality were improved by squalene when its level was 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg (P < 0.05), with their results being similar between these 2 groups (P > 0.05). It was concluded that squalene administration especially at a level of 1,000 mg/kg can improve growth performance, antioxidant status, and meat quality in broilers, providing insights into its application as a potential feed additive in broiler production.
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58
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Meng Y, Shao X, Wang Y, Li Y, Zheng X, Wei G, Kim S, Wang C. Extension of cell membrane boosting squalene production in the engineered
Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:3499-3507. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.27511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Meng
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Xixi Shao
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Yumei Li
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Xiaojian Zheng
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Gongyuan Wei
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Seon‐Won Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus) PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University Jinju Republic of Korea
| | - Chonglong Wang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences Soochow University Suzhou China
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Vergallo C. Nutraceutical Vegetable Oil Nanoformulations for Prevention and Management of Diseases. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1232. [PMID: 32599957 PMCID: PMC7353093 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The scientific community is becoming increasingly interested in identifying, characterizing, and delivering nutraceuticals, which constitutes a multi-billion-dollar business. These bioactive agents are claimed to exhibit several health benefits, including the prevention and treatment of diseases such as arthritis, cancer, osteoporosis, cataracts, Alzheimer's, and Huntington's diseases, heart, brain and metabolic disorders, etc. Nutraceuticals are typically consumed as part of a regular human diet and are usually present within foods, comprising vegetable oil, although at low levels and variable composition. Thus, it is difficult to control the type, amount and frequency of their ingestion by individuals. Nanoformulations about vegetable oil-based bioactive compounds with nutraceutical properties are useful for overcoming these issues, while improving the uptake, absorption, and bioavailability in the body. The purpose of this current study is to review papers on such nanoformulations, particularly those relevant for health benefits and the prevention and management of diseases, as well as bioactives extracted from vegetable oils enhancing the drug effectiveness, retrieved through bibliographic databases by setting a timespan from January 2000 to April 2020 (about 1758 records).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Vergallo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73010 Lecce, Italy
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60
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Proshkina E, Plyusnin S, Babak T, Lashmanova E, Maganova F, Koval L, Platonova E, Shaposhnikov M, Moskalev A. Terpenoids as Potential Geroprotectors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060529. [PMID: 32560451 PMCID: PMC7346221 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Terpenes and terpenoids are the largest groups of plant secondary metabolites. However, unlike polyphenols, they are rarely associated with geroprotective properties. Here we evaluated the conformity of the biological effects of terpenoids with the criteria of geroprotectors, including primary criteria (lifespan-extending effects in model organisms, improvement of aging biomarkers, low toxicity, minimal adverse effects, improvement of the quality of life) and secondary criteria (evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of action, reproducibility of the effects on different models, prevention of age-associated diseases, increasing of stress-resistance). The number of substances that demonstrate the greatest compliance with both primary and secondary criteria of geroprotectors were found among different classes of terpenoids. Thus, terpenoids are an underestimated source of potential geroprotectors that can effectively influence the mechanisms of aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Proshkina
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Sergey Plyusnin
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55 Oktyabrsky Prosp., 167001 Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Tatyana Babak
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Ekaterina Lashmanova
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | | | - Liubov Koval
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55 Oktyabrsky Prosp., 167001 Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Elena Platonova
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55 Oktyabrsky Prosp., 167001 Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Mikhail Shaposhnikov
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55 Oktyabrsky Prosp., 167001 Syktyvkar, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-8212-312-894
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Shanmugarajan TS, Selvan NK, Uppuluri VNVA. Development and Characterization of Squalene-Loaded Topical Agar-Based Emulgel Scaffold: Wound Healing Potential in Full-Thickness Burn Model. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2020; 20:364-373. [PMID: 32502363 DOI: 10.1177/1534734620921629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Full-thickness burns pose a major challenge for clinicians to handle because of their restricted self-healing ability. Even though several approaches have been implemented for repairing these burnt skin tissue defects, all of them had unsatisfactory outcomes. Moreover, during recent years, skin tissue engineering techniques have emerged as a promising approach to improve skin tissue regeneration and overcome the shortcomings of the traditional approaches. Although previous literatures report the wound healing effects of the squalene oil, in the current study, for the first time, we developed a squalene-loaded emulgel-based scaffold as a novel approach for potential skin regeneration. This squalene-loaded agar-based emulgel scaffold was fabricated by using physical cross-linking technique using lecithin as an emulsifier. Characterization studies such as X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed the amorphous nature, chemical interactions, and cross-linked capabilities of the developed emulgel scaffold. The squalene-loaded emulgel scaffold showed excellent wound contraction when compared with the agar gel and negative control. In case of the histopathology and recent immunohistochemistry findings, it was clearly evidenced that squalene-loaded emulgel promoted faster rate of the revascularization and macrophage polarization in order to enhance the burn wound healing. Moreover, the findings also revealed that the incorporation of squalene oil into the formulation enhances collagen deposition and accelerates the burnt skin tissue regeneration process. Finally, we conclude that the squalene-loaded emulgel scaffold could be an effective formulation used in the treatment of the burnt skin tissue defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Shanmugarajan
- Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies, Chennai, India
| | - N Kalai Selvan
- Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies, Chennai, India
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Fatty Acids, Tocopherols, Tocotrienols, Phytosterols, Carotenoids, and Squalene in Seed Oils of
Hyptis suaveolens
,
Leonotis nepetifolia
, and
Ocimum sanctum. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.202000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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63
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Pacetti D, Boarelli MC, Giovannetti R, Ferraro S, Conti P, Alfei B, Caprioli G, Ricciutelli M, Sagratini G, Fedeli D, Gabbianelli R, Fiorini D. Chemical and Sensory Profiling of Monovarietal Extra Virgin Olive Oils from the Italian Marche Region. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040330. [PMID: 32316684 PMCID: PMC7222365 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical and sensory peculiarities of monovarietal extra virgin olive oils (MEVOOs) from the cultivars (cvs.) Ascolana tenera (ASC), Coroncina (COR), Mignola (MIG), Piantone di Mogliano (MOG), and Raggia (RAG) from Marche region (Italy) are investigated. Their polar phenolic substances and α-tocopherol are analysed through high performance liquid chromatography with different detectors. Volatile substances, fatty acid composition, and squalene are analysed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) and to the flame ionization detector, respectively. Total antioxidant activity and sensory analysis were also performed. MOG showed high squalene content (on average 0.88 ± 0.16 g/100 g), high relative amount of α-copaene among volatiles, and the highest oleic acid percentage. MIG had high α-tocopherol content (on average 350.0 ± 57.6 mg kg−1) and high α-farnesene in the volatile fraction. ASC showed the highest sensory quality and the lignan pinoresinol with higher concentration as compared to the other MEVOOs (p < 0.05), which resulted in a possible chemical marker for this cv. RAG was characterized by the sensory note of almond, which corresponds to its highest (E)-2-hexenal percentage. Sensory analysis and an antioxidant activity assay performed on a set of industrial extra virgin olive oils purchased in supermarkets, highlighted MEVOOs’ superiority from these points of view. Principal component analysis displays the main characteristics of the cvs. investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Pacetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Maria Chiara Boarelli
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, V. S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino (Macerata), Italy; (M.C.B.); (R.G.); (S.F.); (P.C.)
| | - Rita Giovannetti
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, V. S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino (Macerata), Italy; (M.C.B.); (R.G.); (S.F.); (P.C.)
| | - Stefano Ferraro
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, V. S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino (Macerata), Italy; (M.C.B.); (R.G.); (S.F.); (P.C.)
| | - Paolo Conti
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, V. S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino (Macerata), Italy; (M.C.B.); (R.G.); (S.F.); (P.C.)
| | - Barbara Alfei
- Agri-food Service Agency of Marche Region (ASSAM), Via dell’Industria 1, I-60027 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Caprioli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, V. S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino (Macerata), Italy; (G.C.); (G.S.); (D.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Massimo Ricciutelli
- HPLC-MS Laboratory, University of Camerino, V. S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino (Macerata), Italy;
| | - Gianni Sagratini
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, V. S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino (Macerata), Italy; (G.C.); (G.S.); (D.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Donatella Fedeli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, V. S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino (Macerata), Italy; (G.C.); (G.S.); (D.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Rosita Gabbianelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, V. S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino (Macerata), Italy; (G.C.); (G.S.); (D.F.); (R.G.)
| | - Dennis Fiorini
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, V. S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino (Macerata), Italy; (M.C.B.); (R.G.); (S.F.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0737-402254
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64
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Herrera-Marcos LV, Sancho-Knapik S, Gabás-Rivera C, Barranquero C, Gascón S, Romanos E, Martínez-Beamonte R, Navarro MA, Surra JC, Arnal C, García-de-Jalón JA, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ, Tena-Sempere M, Sánchez-Ramos C, Monsalve M, Osada J. Pgc1a is responsible for the sex differences in hepatic Cidec/Fsp27β mRNA expression in hepatic steatosis of mice fed a Western diet. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E249-E261. [PMID: 31846369 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00199.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic fat-specific protein 27 [cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation effector protein C (Cidec)/Fsp27] mRNA levels have been associated with hepatic lipid droplet extent under certain circumstances. To address its hepatic expression under different dietary conditions and in both sexes, apolipoprotein E (Apoe)-deficient mice were subjected to different experimental conditions for 11 wk to test the influence of cholesterol, Western diet, squalene, oleanolic acid, sex, and surgical castration on Cidec/Fsp27 mRNA expression. Dietary cholesterol increased hepatic Cidec/Fsp27β expression, an effect that was suppressed when cholesterol was combined with saturated fat as represented by Western diet feeding. Using the latter diet, neither oleanolic acid nor squalene modified its expression. Females showed lower levels of hepatic Cidec/Fsp27β expression than males when they were fed Western diets, a result that was translated into a lesser amount of CIDEC/FSP27 protein in lipid droplets and microsomes. This was also confirmed in low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr)-deficient mice. Incubation with estradiol resulted in decreased Cidec/Fsp27β expression in AML12 cells. Whereas male surgical castration did not modify the expression, ovariectomized females did show increased levels compared with control females. Females also showed increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α (Pgc1a), suppressed by ovariectomy, and the values were significantly and inversely associated with those of Cidec/Fsp27β. When Pgc1a-deficient mice were used, the sex differences in Cidec/Fsp27β expression disappeared. Therefore, hepatic Cidec/Fsp27β expression has a complex regulation influenced by diet and sex hormonal milieu. The mRNA sex differences are controlled by Pgc1a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis V Herrera-Marcos
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sara Sancho-Knapik
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Clara Gabás-Rivera
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Barranquero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Gascón
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Romanos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Roberto Martínez-Beamonte
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Navarro
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín C Surra
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Arnal
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A García-de-Jalón
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María J Rodríguez-Yoldi
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba e Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Ramos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Monsalve
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas "Alberto Sols," Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Osada
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Martínez-Beamonte R, Sanclemente T, Surra JC, Osada J. Could squalene be an added value to use olive by-products? JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:915-925. [PMID: 31670393 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Squalene (SQ) is an intermediate hydrocarbon in the biosynthesis of phytosterols and terpenes in plants. It is widely used for applications such as skin moisturizers, vaccines, or in carriers for active lipophilic molecules. It has commonly been obtained from sharks, but restrictions on their use have created a need to find alternative sources. We present a review of studies concerning SQ in olive groves to characterize its content and to provide new aspects that may increase the circular economy of the olive tree. There is a large variation in SQ content in virgin olive oil due to cultivars and agronomic issues such as region, climate, types of soil, crop practices, and harvest date. Cultivars with the highest SQ content in their virgin olive oil were 'Nocellara de Belice', 'Drobnica', 'Souri', and 'Oblica'. An interaction between cultivar and aspects such as irrigation practices or agricultural season is frequently observed. Likewise, the production of high SQ content needs precise control of fruit maturation. Leaves represent an interesting source, if its extraction and yield compensate for the expenses of their disposal. Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction from olive oil deodorizer distillates offers an opportunity to obtain high-purity SQ from this derivative. Exploiting SQ obtained from olive groves for the pharmaceutical or cosmetic industries poses new challenges and opportunities to add value and recycle by-products. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Martínez-Beamonte
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Teresa Sanclemente
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte-Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Joaquín C Surra
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Jesús Osada
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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66
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García-Salinas S, Evangelopoulos M, Gámez-Herrera E, Arruebo M, Irusta S, Taraballi F, Mendoza G, Tasciotti E. Electrospun anti-inflammatory patch loaded with essential oils for wound healing. Int J Pharm 2020; 577:119067. [PMID: 31981705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process that consists of three overlapping phases: inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. A bacterial infection can increase inflammation and delay this process. Microorganisms are closely related to the innate immune system, such as macrophages and neutrophils, as they can start an inflammatory cascade. Essential oils play an important role in the inhibition and prevention of bacterial growth due to their ability to reduce antimicrobial resistance. The possibility to find a strategy that combines antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties is particularly appealing for wound healing. In this work, we showcase a variety of patches based on electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers loaded with natural compounds derived from essential oils, such as thymol (THY) and tyrosol (TYR), to achieve reduced inflammation. In addition, we compared the effect these essential oils have on activated macrophages when incorporated into the PCL patch. Specifically, we demonstrate that PCL-THY resulted in more efficient down-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes related to the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κb) pathway when compared to PCL-TYR and the combination patch containing TYR and THY (i.e., PCL-TYR-THY). Furthermore, PCL-THY displayed low affinity for cell attachment, which may hinder wound adherence and integration. Overall, our results indicate that THY-loaded patches could serve as promising candidates for the fabrication of dressings that incorporate bactericidal and anti-inflammatory properties while simultaneously avoiding the limitations of traditional antibiotic-loaded devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara García-Salinas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/ Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Michael Evangelopoulos
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA; Orthopedics & Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Enrique Gámez-Herrera
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/ Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Manuel Arruebo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/ Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Silvia Irusta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/ Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Francesca Taraballi
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA; Orthopedics & Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Gracia Mendoza
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/ Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Ennio Tasciotti
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA; Orthopedics & Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Wu YM, Zhou QY, Yang XQ, Luo YJ, Qian JJ, Liu SX, Yang YB, Ding ZT. Induction of Antiphytopathogenic Metabolite and Squalene Production and Phytotoxin Elimination by Adjustment of the Mode of Fermentation in Cocultures of Phytopathogenic Nigrospora oryzae and Irpex lacteus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11877-11882. [PMID: 31597038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of the metabolites from different cocultures of Nigrospora oryzae and Irpex lacteus in solid medium revealed two new squalenes (1 and 2); one new azaphilone (3); two new tremulane sesquiterpenes (4 and 5); and three known compounds, conocenol B (6), conocenol C (7), and 4-(4-dihydroxymethylphenoxy)benzaldehyde (8). The antagonistic relationship was examined by studying metabolite production. The production of compounds 6 and 8 by I. lacteus after the induction of coculture indicated significant selectivity for antifungal activity against phytopathogenic N. oryzae, with MICs of 16 μg/mL; compounds 6 and 8 also exhibited antifungal activities in vivo against Cerasus cerasoides infected by N. oryzae at concentrations of 100 μg/mL. New compounds 2 and 4 showed antifungal activities against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, with MICs of 8 μg/mL, and compound 4 showed antifungal activity against Didymella glomerata with an MIC of 1 μg/mL. These results indicate that the mutually antagonistic relationship in the coculture of the phytopathogen and the endophyte can result in antibiotics that inhibit the phytopathogen and downregulate the production of phytotoxins by phytopathogenic N. oryzae. New compound 5 from I. lacteus showed weak activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with an inhibition ratio of 16% at a concentration of 50 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Mei Wu
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Second Cuihu North Road , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Qing-Yan Zhou
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Second Cuihu North Road , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Xue-Qiong Yang
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Second Cuihu North Road , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Yu-Jie Luo
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Second Cuihu North Road , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Jing-Jing Qian
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Second Cuihu North Road , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Shi-Xi Liu
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Second Cuihu North Road , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Ya-Bin Yang
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Second Cuihu North Road , Kunming 650091 , China
| | - Zhong-Tao Ding
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Second Cuihu North Road , Kunming 650091 , China
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Bioactive composition and sensory evaluation of innovative spaghetti supplemented with free or α-cyclodextrin chlatrated pumpkin oil extracted by supercritical CO2. Food Chem 2019; 294:112-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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69
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Zhang A, Xie Y, He Y, Wang W, Sen B, Wang G. Bio-based squalene production by Aurantiochytrium sp. through optimization of culture conditions, and elucidation of the putative biosynthetic pathway genes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 287:121415. [PMID: 31078814 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Newly-isolated thraustochytrid strains from coastal waters of China were characterized as bioresource of squalene and the culture condition for the top producer was systematically optimized. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that eight squalene-producing isolates were closely related to genus Aurantiochytrium and one to genus Labyrinthula. The top producer, Aurantiochytrium sp. TWZ-97, produced squalene up to 188.6 mg/L at 28 °C in a 5-L bioreactor containing optimal medium (glucose: 40 g/L, monosodium glutamate: 3 g/L, yeast extract: 25 g/L, and NaCl: 6 g/L), which was 6-fold higher than that under unoptimized condition. Transcriptome analysis revealed for the first time the presence of seven key genes of mevalonate pathway for squalene biosynthesis in strain TWZ-97. Medium optimization yielded a 2.23-fold higher expression of the squalene synthase gene under optimal condition compared to unoptimized. This study provides a potential thraustochytrid strain TWZ-97 as bioresource of squalene and uncovers novel information about its squalene biosynthesis pathway for future strain improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqing Zhang
- Center for Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yunxuan Xie
- Center for Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yaodong He
- Center for Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Center for Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Biswarup Sen
- Center for Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Guangyi Wang
- Center for Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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70
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Shimizu N, Ito J, Kato S, Eitsuka T, Saito T, Nishida H, Miyazawa T, Nakagawa K. Evaluation of squalene oxidation mechanisms in human skin surface lipids and shark liver oil supplements. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1457:158-165. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Shimizu
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku University Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Junya Ito
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku University Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Shunji Kato
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku University Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Takahiro Eitsuka
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku University Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Tetsuo Saito
- Nissei Institute of Health Sciences Niigata Niigata Japan
| | | | - Teruo Miyazawa
- Food and Biotechnology Innovation Project, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe)Tohoku University Sendai Miyagi Japan
- Food and Health Science Research Unit, Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku University Sendai Miyagi Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nakagawa
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku University Sendai Miyagi Japan
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71
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Blanco-Salas J, Vazquez FM, Hortigón-Vinagre MP, Ruiz-Tellez T. Bioactive Phytochemicals from Mercurialis spp. Used in Traditional Spanish Medicine. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8070193. [PMID: 31261793 PMCID: PMC6681364 DOI: 10.3390/plants8070193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Plants from the genus Mercurialis have a long history of use as herbal remedies in traditional Spanish medicine. The growing interest in the conservation of knowledge related to biodiversity has encouraged us to review the bioactive phytochemicals from the four most widespread Mercurialis species in the Iberian Peninsula (M. annua L., M. ambigua L., M. perennis L., and M. tomentosa L.). First, the medicinal uses of these four species throughout Spain were compiled, and then a bibliographical search on their chemical composition was conducted in an attempt to justify their reported traditional uses. We found that most of the medicinal uses of Mercurialis spp. are supported by scientific evidence. This includes its antidiabetic and antihypertensive properties attributable to the flavonoid rutin and narcissin, respectively; its benefits in the treatment of skin dark spots, attributable to mequinol; and its anti-inflammatory activity, attributable to scopoletin, kaempferol, squalene, and cycloartenol. This review contributes to the validation of the medicinal uses of Mercurialis spp. in Spain and provides some new avenues for further investigations on the biological activity of this interesting medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Blanco-Salas
- Department of Vegetal Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Francisco M Vazquez
- Department of Forest Production and Biodiversity, Institute of Research Agrarian Center La Orden - Valdesequera, Scientific and Technological Research Center of Extremadura (CICYTEX) A5 Km 372, 06187 Guadajira, Badajoz, Spain
| | - María P Hortigón-Vinagre
- Department of Vegetal Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Trinidad Ruiz-Tellez
- Department of Vegetal Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain.
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72
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Felices MJ, Escusol S, Martinez-Beamonte R, Gascón S, Barranquero C, Sanchez-de-Diego C, Osada J, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ. LPS-squalene interaction on D-galactose intestinal absorption. J Physiol Biochem 2019; 75:329-340. [PMID: 31054079 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00682-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic and complex interactions between enteric pathogens and the intestinal epithelium often lead to disturbances in the intestinal barrier, altered fluid, electrolyte, and nutrient transport and can produce an inflammatory response. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a complex polymer forming part of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. On the other hand, squalene is a triterpene present in high levels in the extra-virgin olive oil that has beneficial effects against several diseases and it has also anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this work was to study whether the squalene could eliminate the LPS effect on D-galactose intestinal absorption in rabbits and Caco-2 cells. The results have shown that squalene reduced the effects of LPS on sugar absorption. High LPS doses increased D-galactose uptake through via paracellular but also decreased the active sugar transport because the SGLT1 levels were diminished. However, the endotoxin effect on the paracellular way seemed to be more important than on the transcellular route. At the same time, an increased in RELM-β expression was observed. This event could be related to inflammation and cause a decrease in SGLT1 levels. In addition, MLCK protein is also increased by LPS which could lead to an increase in sugar transport through tight junctions. At low doses, the LPS could inhibit SGLT1 intrinsic activity. Bioinformatic studies by docking confirm the interaction between LPS-squalene as well as occur through MLCK and SGLT-1 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma José Felices
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sara Escusol
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Roberto Martinez-Beamonte
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBERobn (ISCIII), IIS Aragón, IA2, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sonia Gascón
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBERobn (ISCIII), IIS Aragón, IA2, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Cristina Barranquero
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBERobn (ISCIII), IIS Aragón, IA2, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Osada
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBERobn (ISCIII), IIS Aragón, IA2, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ma Jesús Rodríguez-Yoldi
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain. .,CIBERobn (ISCIII), IIS Aragón, IA2, Zaragoza, Spain. .,Department of Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain.
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73
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Górnaś P, Czubinski J, Rudzińska M, Grygier A, Ying Q, Chakradhari S, Sahu PK, Mišina I, Urvaka E, Patel KS. Selected Uncommon Legumes as a Source of Essential Fatty Acids, Tocopherols, Tocotrienols, Sterols, Carotenoids, and Squalene. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 74:91-98. [PMID: 30552561 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-018-0706-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The seeds of nine species belonging to the Fabaceae family (Cassia alata, Cassia uniflora, Cassia obtusifolia, Cassia tora, Crotalaria albida, Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria pallida, Indigofera tinctoria, and Tephrosia purpurea) were studied. The oil yield ranged from 2.0 to 9.6% dw, in the seeds of I. tinctoria and T. purpurea, respectively. The unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) were the predominant group of fatty acids (41-74%) in the investigated samples. The sum of tocopherol homologues α and γ constituted 90-100% of total tocochromanols identified in each species. The β-sitosterol, campesterol, and Δ5-stigmasterol were the main sterols in most of the samples, however, in some of the seeds considerable levels of Δ5-avenasterol, Δ5,24-stigmastadienol, 24-ethylcholest-7-en-3beta-ol, and cycloartenol were also determined. Although the studied seeds were marked by relatively low yield of oil, the predomination of UFA, as well as relevant quantities of tocochromanols, carotenoids, sterols, and squalene (144.3-444.8, 4.1-43.1, 603.2-2590.2, and 0-88.1 mg/100 g oil, respectively), thus, the studied seeds can be considered as an alternative source of valuable ingredients for human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia.
| | - Jaroslaw Czubinski
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Grygier
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Qian Ying
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Suryakant Chakradhari
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
| | - Pravin Kumar Sahu
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
| | - Inga Mišina
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
| | - Elise Urvaka
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
| | - Khageshwar Singh Patel
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
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74
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Lu X, Ma S, Chen Y, Yangzom D, Jiang H. Squalene Found in Alpine Grassland Soils under a Harsh Environment in the Tibetan Plateau, China. Biomolecules 2018; 8:biom8040154. [PMID: 30463288 PMCID: PMC6315835 DOI: 10.3390/biom8040154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Squalene is found in a large number of plants, animals, and microorganisms, as well as other sources, playing an important role as an intermediate in sterol biosynthesis. It is used widely in the food, cosmetics, and medicine industries because of its antioxidant, antistatic, and anti-carcinogenic properties. A higher natural squalene component of lipids is usually reported as being isolated to organisms living in harsh environments. In the Tibetan Plateau, which is characterized by high altitude, strong solar radiation, drought, low temperatures, and thin air, the squalene component was identified in five alpine grasslands soils using the pyrolysis gas chromatography⁻mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) technique. The relative abundance of squalene ranged from 0.93% to 10.66% in soils from the five alpine grasslands, with the highest value found in alpine desert and the lowest in alpine meadow. Furthermore, the relative abundance of squalene in alpine grassland soils was significantly negatively associated with soil chemical/microbial characteristics. These results indicate that the extreme environmental conditions of the Tibetan Plateau may stimulate the microbial biosynthesis of squalene, and the harsher the environment, the higher the relative abundance of soil squalene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Lu
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Shuqin Ma
- College of Tourism, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Youchao Chen
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Degyi Yangzom
- Ecological Monitoring & Research Center, Tibetan Environment Monitoring Station, Lhasa 850000, China.
| | - Hongmao Jiang
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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