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Elumalai P, Lakshmi S. Role of Quercetin Benefits in Neurodegeneration. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2018; 12:229-45. [PMID: 27651256 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-28383-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are often life threatening and hired as an economic burden to the health-care system. Nutritional interventions principally involving polyphenols were practiced to arrest or reverse the age-related health disorders. Flavonoids, a class of dietary polyphenols, are rising to superstardom in preventing brain disorders with their potent antioxidant defense mechanism. Quercetin is a ubiquitous flavonoid reported to have all-natural myriad of health benefits. Citrus fruits, apple, onion, parsley, berries, green tea, and red wine comprise the major dietary supplements of quercetin apart from some herbal remedies like Ginkgo biloba. Appositeness of quercetin in reducing risks of neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, allergic disorders, thrombosis, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and arrhythmia, to name a few, is attributed to its highly pronounced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Neurodegeneration, characterized by progressive deterioration of the structure and function of neurons, is crucially accompanied by severe cognitive deficits. Aging is the major risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders in Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD) being coequal high hands. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are the key players in triggering neurodegeneration. The upsurge of neurodegenerative disorders is always appalling since there exists a paucity in effective treatment practices. Past few years' studies have underpinned the mechanisms through which quercetin boons the brain health in many aspects including betterment in cognitive output. Undoubtedly, quercetin will be escalating as an arable field, both in scientific research and in pharmacological and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetham Elumalai
- Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad, Cochin, Kerala, India.
| | - Sreeja Lakshmi
- Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad, Cochin, Kerala, India
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Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the main cellular energy sensor. Activated following a depletion of cellular energy stores, AMPK will restore the energy homoeostasis by increasing energy production and limiting energy waste. At a central level, the AMPK pathway will integrate peripheral signals (mostly hormones and metabolites) through neuronal networks. Hypothalamic AMPK is directly implicated in feeding behaviour, brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). It also participates in other metabolic functions: glucose and muscle metabolisms, as well as hepatic function. Numerous anti-obesity and/or antidiabetic agents, such as nicotine, metformin and liraglutide, are known to induce their effects through a modulation of AMPK pathway, either at central or at peripheral levels. Moreover, the weight-gaining side effects of antipsychotic drugs, such as olanzapine, are also mediated by hypothalamic AMPK. Therefore, considering hypothalamic AMPK as a therapeutic target in metabolic diseases appears as an interesting strategy due to its implication in feeding and energy expenditure, the two sides of the energy balance equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel López
- NeurObesity Group, Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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53
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Samad N, Saleem A, Yasmin F, Shehzad MA. Quercetin protects against stress-induced anxiety- and depression-like behavior and improves memory in male mice. Physiol Res 2018; 67:795-808. [PMID: 30044120 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluates the protective role of Quercetin (Quer), against immobilization stress- induced anxiety, depression and cognition alteration in mice using behavioral and biochemical parameters. 24 adult Albino mice were distributed into 2 groups vehicle (n=12; 1 ml/kg) and Quer injected (n=12; 20 mg/kg/ml). The animals received their respective treatment for 14 days. On day 15, after the drug administration, animals were sub-divided into 4 groups (n=6); (i) unstressed + vehicle; (ii) stressed + vehicle; (iii) unstressed + Quer; (iv) stressed + Quer. On day 16, 24 h after the immobilization stress behavioral activities (light-dark activity, elevated plus maze, Morris water maze, and forced swim test) monitored and then animals were decapitated 1 h after the drug administration. Brain samples were collected for biochemical (antioxidant enzymes, AChE, ACh, 5-HT and its metabolite) analysis. The present study indicates the Quer reversed the stress-induced anxiety and depression, in addition, memory performance was more enhanced in stressed group. Following the treatment of Quer, stress-induced elevation of lipid peroxidation and suppression of antioxidant enzymes were also reversed. Administration of Quer decreased AChE in unstressed, while levels of acetylcholine were increased in vehicle and Quer treated stressed animals. The metabolism of 5-HT was increased in Quer treated stressed than unstressed animals. In conclusion, the present finding showed that Quer could prevent the impairment of antioxidant enzymes and also regulate the serotonergic and cholinergic neurotransmission and produce antianxiety, antidepressant effect and enhance memory following 2 h immobilization stress in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Samad
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
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54
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Barbarisi M, Iaffaioli RV, Armenia E, Schiavo L, De Sena G, Tafuto S, Barbarisi A, Quagliariello V. Novel nanohydrogel of hyaluronic acid loaded with quercetin alone and in combination with temozolomide as new therapeutic tool, CD44 targeted based, of glioblastoma multiforme. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6550-6564. [PMID: 29030990 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and aggressive primary brain cancer with only ∼3% of patients surviving more than 3 years from diagnosis. Several mechanisms are involved in drug and radiation resistance to anticancer treatments and among them one of the most important factors is the tumor microenvironment status, characterized by cancer cell hypersecretion of interleukins and cytokines. The aim of our research was the synthesis of a nanocarrier of quercetin combined with temozolomide, to enhance the specificity and efficacy of this anticancer drug commonly used in glioblastoma treatment. The nanohydrogel increased the internalization and cytotoxicity of quercetin in human glioblastoma cells and, when co-delivered with temozolomide, contribute to an improved anticancer effect. The nanohydrogel loaded with quercetin had the ability to recognize CD44 receptor, a brain cancer cell marker, through an energy and caveolae dependent mechanism of internalization. Moreover, nanohydrogel of quercetin was able to reduce significantly IL-8, IL-6, and VEGF production in pro-inflammatory conditions with interesting implications on the mechanism of glioblastoma cells drug resistance. In summary, novel CD44 targeted polymeric based nanocarriers appear to be proficient in mediating site-specific delivery of quercetin via CD44 receptor in glioblastoma cells. This targeted therapy lead to an improved therapeutic efficacy of temozolomide by modulating the brain tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlio Barbarisi
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario V Iaffaioli
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS - Foundation G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Emilia Armenia
- Department of Thoracic and Cardio-Respiratory Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Schiavo
- Department of Thoracic and Cardio-Respiratory Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele De Sena
- Department of Thoracic and Cardio-Respiratory Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Tafuto
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS - Foundation G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Barbarisi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardio-Respiratory Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Quagliariello
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS - Foundation G. Pascale, Naples, Italy.,Department of Thoracic and Cardio-Respiratory Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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55
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[Quercetin ameliorates inflammation in CA1 hippocampal region in aged triple transgenic Alzheimer´s disease mice model.]. BIOMEDICA 2018; 38:69-76. [PMID: 29809330 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.v38i0.3761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia. It is characterized by histopathological hallmarks such as senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, as well as a concomitant activation of microglial cells and astrocytes that release pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, iNOS, and COX-2, leading to neuronal dysfunction and death. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of quercetin on the inflammatory response in the CA1 area of the hippocampus in a 3xTg-AD male and female mice model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals were injected intraperitoneally with quercetin every 48 hours during three months, and we conducted histological and biochemical studies. RESULTS We found that in quercetin-treated 3xTg-AD mice, reactive microglia and fluorescence intensity of Aβ aggregates significantly decreased. GFAP, iNOS, and COX-2 immunoreactivity also decreased and we observed a clear tendency in the reduction of IL-1β in hippocampal lysates. CONCLUSION Our work suggests an anti-inflammatory effect of quercetin in the CA1 hippocampal region of aged triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease mice.
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Buonerba C, De Placido P, Bruzzese D, Pagliuca M, Ungaro P, Bosso D, Ribera D, Iaccarino S, Scafuri L, Liotti A, Romeo V, Izzo M, Perri F, Casale B, Grimaldi G, Vitrone F, Brunetti A, Terracciano D, Marinelli A, De Placido S, Di Lorenzo G. Isoquercetin as an Adjunct Therapy in Patients With Kidney Cancer Receiving First-Line Sunitinib (QUASAR): Results of a Phase I Trial. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:189. [PMID: 29615901 PMCID: PMC5864863 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib is the most commonly prescribed drug for advanced renal cell carcinoma in the first-line setting and has been associated with multiple adverse events related to its on–and off–target effects, including hand and foot syndrome and fatigue. It was hypothesized that sunitinib-induced fatigue may be related to off target inhibition of the AMPK enzyme, which results in impairment of energy-producing processes at a systemic level. Quercetin is a naturally occurring flavonol with established AMPK-stimulating activity. While clinical use of quercetin is limited by its poor bio-availability, quercetin-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, that is isoquercetin, has an improved pharmacokinetic profile. On the grounds of the in vitro stimulatory activity with respect to AMPk, we hypothesized that oral isoquercetin could improve fatigue in kidney cancer patients receiving sunitinib. Given the lack of data on the safety of isoquercetin given concomitantly with sunitinib, we conducted a phase I trial to assess the safety of GMP manufactured isoquercetin given at two dose levels (450 and 900 mg a day). In the 12-patient study cohort included in this study, isoquercetin was administered concomitantly with 50 mg sunitinib for a median 81 days (IQR, 75.5, 86.5). None of the 12 patients required isoquercetin suspension or isoquercetin dose reduction because of adverse events. No abnormalities in ECG, heart or lower limbs doppler ultrasound were detected. A statistically significant improvement was reported for the FACIT fatigue score (6.8 points; 95% CI: 2.8–10.8; p = 0.002) and for the FACIT Adverse Events score (18.9 points; 95% CI: 9.1–28.8; p < 0.001) after isoquercetin consumption vs. baseline. In this phase I trial, isoquercetin was remarkably safe, with a preliminary signal of activity in terms of improvement of sunitinib adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Buonerba
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, Italy
| | - Pietro De Placido
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Bruzzese
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Pagliuca
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Ungaro
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS-CNR) "G. Salvatore", Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Bosso
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Ribera
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Iaccarino
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Scafuri
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Liotti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Romeo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Izzo
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Perri
- Medical Oncology Unit, POC SS Annunziata Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - Beniamino Casale
- Dipartimento di Pneumologia e Tisiologia, Day Hospital Pneumologia e Pneumoncologico, AORN Vincenzo Monaldi, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grimaldi
- U.O. Medicina-Oncoematologia Ospedale Umberto I, Nocera Inferiore, Italy
| | - Francesca Vitrone
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Brunetti
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Marinelli
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Sabino De Placido
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Lorenzo
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
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57
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Kim S, Woo M, Kim M, Noh JS, Song YO. Neuroprotective Effects of the Methanol Extract of Kimchi, a Korean Fermented Vegetable Food, Mediated Via Suppression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Caspase Cascade Pathways in High-Cholesterol Diet-Fed Mice. J Med Food 2018; 21:489-495. [PMID: 29474123 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related unfolded peptide accumulation is closely associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases known as protein misfolding disorders. The antioxidative properties of kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented vegetable dish, have been well established. In this study, the neuroprotective effects of the kimchi methanol extract (KME) were examined in high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed mice. The animals were fed a HCD, with oral administration of either KME (KME group, 200 mg·kg bw-1·day-1, n = 10) or distilled water (Control group, n = 10) for 8 weeks. Compared with the levels in the control group, the reactive oxygen species, peroxynitrite, and lipid peroxidation levels in the brain were significantly decreased in the KME group (P < .05), whereas the glutathione level was increased (P < .05). In addition, the ER stress biomarkers, phospho-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 subunit α, glucose-regulated protein 78, X-box binding protein 1, inositol-requiring enzyme 1, and C/EBP homologous protein and the nuclear factor-kappaB-mediated inflammation were significantly reduced in the KME group (P < .05). In contrast, the expression levels of antioxidative enzymes regulated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 were elevated (P < .05). The amyloid-beta expression levels of the KME group were lower than that of the control group (P < .05). Moreover, the expression levels of Bcl-2-associated X, and caspases-3 and -9 were downregulated, with a concomitant upregulation of B cell lymphoma 2 (P < .05). Accordingly, KME provide neuronal cell protection via suppressing ER stress and caspase cascade signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serim Kim
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea
| | - Minji Woo
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea
| | - Mijeong Kim
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea
| | - Jeong Sook Noh
- 2 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Tongmyong University , Busan, Korea
| | - Yeong Ok Song
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea
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58
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Dal-Pan A, Dudonné S, Bourassa P, Bourdoulous M, Tremblay C, Desjardins Y, Calon F. Cognitive-Enhancing Effects of a Polyphenols-Rich Extract from Fruits without Changes in Neuropathology in an Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 55:115-135. [PMID: 27662290 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
No effective preventive treatment is available for age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Epidemiological studies indicate that a diet rich in fruit is associated with cognitive improvement. It was thus proposed that high polyphenol concentrations found in berries can prevent cognitive impairment associated with aging and AD. Therefore, the Neurophenols project aimed at investigating the effects of a polyphenolic extract from blueberries and grapes (PEBG) in the triple-transgenic (3xTg-AD) mouse model of AD, which develops AD neuropathological markers, including amyloid-β plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, leading to memory deficits. In this study, 12-month-old 3xTg-AD and NonTg mice were fed a diet supplemented with standardized PEBG (500 or 2500 mg/kg) for 4 months (n = 15-20/group). A cognitive evaluation with the novel object recognition test was performed at 15 months of age and mice were sacrificed at 16 months of age. We observed that PEBG supplementation with doses of 500 or 2500 mg/kg prevented the decrease in novel object recognition observed in both 15-month-old 3xTg-AD mice and NonTg mice fed a control diet. Although PEBG treatment did not reduce Aβ and tau pathologies, it prevented the decrease in mature BDNF observed in 16-month-old 3xTg-AD mice. Finally, plasma concentrations of phenolic metabolites, such as dihydroxyphenyl valerolactone, a microbial metabolite of epicatechin, positively correlated with memory performances in supplemented mice. The improvement in object recognition observed in 3xTg-AD mice after PEBG administration supports the consumption of polyphenols-rich extracts to prevent memory impairment associated with age-related disease, without significant effects on classical AD neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Dal-Pan
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.,OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada).,http://www.neurophenols.org
| | - Stéphanie Dudonné
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.,http://www.neurophenols.org
| | - Philippe Bourassa
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.,OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada)
| | | | | | - Yves Desjardins
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.,http://www.neurophenols.org
| | - Frédéric Calon
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.,OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada)
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59
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Flavonoid-rich ethanol extract from the leaves of Diospyros kaki attenuates cognitive deficits, amyloid-beta production, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Brain Res 2018; 1678:85-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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60
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Kabirifar R, Ghoreshi ZAS, Rezaifar A, Binesh F, Bamdad K, Moradi A. Curcumin, quercetin and atorvastatin protected against the hepatic fibrosis by activating AMP-activated protein kinase. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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61
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Abstract
Hypothalamic AMPK plays a key role in the control of energy homeostasis by regulating energy intake and energy expenditure, particularly modulating brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. The function of AMPK can be assayed by analyzing its phosphorylated protein levels in tissues, since AMPK is activated when it is phosphorylated at Thr-172. Here, we describe a method to obtain hypothalamic (nuclei-specific) protein extracts and the suitable conditions to assay AMPK phosphorylation by Western blotting.
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62
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Mitani A, Azam A, Vuppusetty C, Ito K, Mercado N, Barnes PJ. Quercetin restores corticosteroid sensitivity in cells from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Exp Lung Res 2017; 43:417-425. [PMID: 29227717 PMCID: PMC5961477 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2017.1393707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Corticosteroid resistance is a major barrier to the effective treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Oxidative stress from cigarette smoke and chronic inflammation is likely to induce this corticosteroid insensitivity. Quercetin is a polyphenol that has been reported to be an active oxygen scavenger as well as a functional adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of quercetin on corticosteroid responsiveness in COPD cells. Corticosteroid sensitivity was examined in human monocytic U937 cells exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) collected from patients with COPD. Corticosteroid sensitivity was determined as the dexamethasone concentration causing 40% inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced CXCL8 production (Dex-IC40) in the presence or absence of quercetin. In U937 cells, treatment with quercetin activated AMPK and induced expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and consequently reversed CSE-induced corticosteroid insensitivity. PBMC from patients with COPD showed corticosteroid insensitivity compared with those from healthy volunteers, and treatment with quercetin restored corticosteroid sensitivity. In conclusion, quercetin restores corticosteroid sensitivity, and has the potential to be a novel treatment in combination with corticosteroids in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihisa Mitani
- a Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Aishah Azam
- a Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Chaitanya Vuppusetty
- a Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Kazuhiro Ito
- a Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Nicolas Mercado
- a Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London , UK
| | - Peter J Barnes
- a Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London , London , UK
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63
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Mechanisms of dietary flavonoid action in neuronal function and neuroinflammation. Mol Aspects Med 2017; 61:50-62. [PMID: 29117513 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a class of plant-derived dietary polyphenols that have attracted attention for their pro-cognitive and anti-inflammatory effects. The diversity of flavonoids and their extensive in vivo metabolism suggest that a variety of cellular targets in the brain are likely to be impacted by flavonoid consumption. Initially characterized as antioxidants, flavonoids are now believed to act directly on neurons and glia via the interaction with major signal transduction cascades, as well as indirectly via interaction with the blood-brain barrier and cerebral vasculature. This review discusses potential mechanisms of flavonoid action in the brain, with a focus on two critical transcription factors: cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). To advance beyond current understanding of cellular targets, critical bioavailability studies need to be performed to verify the identity and concentration of flavonoid metabolites reaching the brain after ingestion and to validate that these metabolites are produced not just in rodent models but also in humans. Recent advances in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) differentiation protocols to generate human neuronal and glial cell types could also provide a unique tool for clinically relevant in vitro investigation of the mechanisms of action of bioavailable flavonoid metabolites in humans.
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64
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Zhang H, Zhao C, Cao G, Guo L, Zhang S, Liang Y, Qin C, Su P, Li H, Zhang W. Berberine modulates amyloid-β peptide generation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase. Neuropharmacology 2017; 125:408-417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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65
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Kraujalienė V, Pukalskas A, Venskutonis P. Biorefining of goldenrod (Solidago virgaurea L.) leaves by supercritical fluid and pressurized liquid extraction and evaluation of antioxidant properties and main phytochemicals in the fractions and plant material. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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66
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López M. EJE PRIZE 2017: Hypothalamic AMPK: a golden target against obesity? Eur J Endocrinol 2017; 176:R235-R246. [PMID: 28232370 PMCID: PMC5425938 DOI: 10.1530/eje-16-0927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a cellular gauge that is activated under conditions, such as low energy, increasing energy production and reducing energy waste. Centrally, the AMPK pathway is a canonical route regulating energy homeostasis, by integrating peripheral signals, such as hormones and metabolites, with neuronal networks. Current evidence links hypothalamic AMPK with feeding, brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT), as well as muscle metabolism, hepatic function and glucose homeostasis. The relevance of these data is interesting from a therapeutic point of view as several agents with potential anti-obesity and/or antidiabetic effects, some currently in clinical use, such as nicotine, metformin and liraglutide are known to act through AMPK, either peripherally or centrally. Furthermore, the orexigenic and weight-gaining effects of the worldwide use of antipsychotic drugs (APDs), such as olanzapine, are also mediated by hypothalamic AMPK. Overall, this evidence makes hypothalamic AMPK signaling an interesting target for the drug development, with its potential for controlling both sides of the energy balance equation, namely feeding and energy expenditure through defined metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel López
- Department of PhysiologyNeurObesity Group, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria and CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence should be addressed to M López;
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Soto-Acosta R, Bautista-Carbajal P, Cervantes-Salazar M, Angel-Ambrocio AH, del Angel RM. DENV up-regulates the HMG-CoA reductase activity through the impairment of AMPK phosphorylation: A potential antiviral target. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006257. [PMID: 28384260 PMCID: PMC5383345 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue is the most common mosquito-borne viral disease in humans. Changes of lipid-related metabolites in endoplasmic reticulum of dengue virus (DENV) infected cells have been associated with replicative complexes formation. Previously, we reported that DENV infection inhibits HMGCR phosphorylation generating a cholesterol-enriched cellular environment in order to favor viral replication. In this work, using enzymatic assays, ELISA, and WB we found a significant higher activity of HMGCR in DENV infected cells, associated with the inactivation of AMPK. AMPK activation by metformin declined the HMGCR activity suggesting that AMPK inactivation mediates the enhanced activity of HMGCR. A reduction on AMPK phosphorylation activity was observed in DENV infected cells at 12 and 24 hpi. HMGCR and cholesterol co-localized with viral proteins NS3, NS4A and E, suggesting a role for HMGCR and AMPK activity in the formation of DENV replicative complexes. Furthermore, metformin and lovastatin (HMGCR inhibitor) altered this co-localization as well as replicative complexes formation supporting that active HMGCR is required for replicative complexes formation. In agreement, metformin prompted a significant dose-dependent antiviral effect in DENV infected cells, while compound C (AMPK inhibitor) augmented the viral genome copies and the percentage of infected cells. The PP2A activity, the main modulating phosphatase of HMGCR, was not affected by DENV infection. These data demonstrate that the elevated activity of HMGCR observed in DENV infected cells is mediated through AMPK inhibition and not by increase in PP2A activity. Interestingly, the inhibition of this phosphatase showed an antiviral effect in an HMGCR-independent manner. These results suggest that DENV infection increases HMGCR activity through AMPK inactivation leading to higher cholesterol levels in endoplasmic reticulum necessary for replicative complexes formation. This work provides new information about the mechanisms involved in host lipid metabolism during DENV replicative cycle and identifies new potential antiviral targets for DENV replication. DENV replicative complexes formation is associated with changes of lipid-related metabolites in endoplasmic reticulum, such as an increase in cholesterol synthesis. This increase correlates with a significant augment in the activity of HMGCoA reductase (the limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis), favoring a cholesterol-enriched cellular environment. The augment in the activity of the HMGCR observed in infected cells is caused by a decrease in the phosphorylation level of the HMGCR, associated with the inactivation of AMPK. In agreement, AMPK activation by metformin reduces HMGCR activity and affects viral replication. The role HMGCR and AMPK activity in DENV replicative complexes formation was confirmed by the co-localization of HMGCR and cholesterol with the viral proteins NS3, NS4A and E. Furthermore, metformin and lovastatin (HMGCR inhibitor) treatments altered this co-localization as well as replicative complexes formation supporting that active HMGCR is required for replicative complexes formation. The results show that during DENV infection, an increase in the HMGCR activity occurs through AMPK inactivation, leading to higher cholesterol levels in endoplasmic reticulum necessary for replicative complexes formation. This work provides new information about the mechanisms involved in host lipid metabolism during DENV replicative cycle and identifies potential new antiviral targets for DENV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Soto-Acosta
- Departmento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN, México, D.F., México
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Rosa M. del Angel
- Departmento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN, México, D.F., México
- * E-mail:
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68
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López M, Tena-Sempere M. Estradiol effects on hypothalamic AMPK and BAT thermogenesis: A gateway for obesity treatment? Pharmacol Ther 2017; 178:109-122. [PMID: 28351720 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In addition to their prominent roles in the control of reproduction, estrogens are important modulators of energy balance, as evident in conditions of deficiency of estrogens, which are characterized by increased feeding and decreased energy expenditure, leading to obesity. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a ubiquitous cellular energy gauge that is activated under conditions of low energy, increasing energy production and reducing energy wasting. Centrally, the AMPK pathway is a canonical route regulating energy homeostasis, by integrating peripheral signals, such as hormones and metabolites, with neuronal networks. As a result of those actions, hypothalamic AMPK modulates feeding, as well as brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). Here, we will review the central actions of estrogens on energy balance, with particular focus on hypothalamic AMPK. The relevance of this interaction is noteworthy, because some agents with known actions on metabolic homeostasis, such as nicotine, metformin, liraglutide, olanzapine and also natural molecules, such as resveratrol and flavonoids, exert their actions by modulating AMPK. This evidence highlights the possibility that hypothalamic AMPK might be a potential target for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel López
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain.
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Spain; Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica (IMIBIC)/Hospital Reina Sofía, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland.
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69
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Tatebe H, Murayama S, Yonekura T, Hatano T, Richter D, Furuya T, Kataoka S, Furuita K, Kojima C, Shiozaki K. Substrate specificity of TOR complex 2 is determined by a ubiquitin-fold domain of the Sin1 subunit. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28264193 PMCID: PMC5340527 DOI: 10.7554/elife.19594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The target of rapamycin (TOR) protein kinase forms multi-subunit TOR complex 1 (TORC1) and TOR complex 2 (TORC2), which exhibit distinct substrate specificities. Sin1 is one of the TORC2-specific subunit essential for phosphorylation and activation of certain AGC-family kinases. Here, we show that Sin1 is dispensable for the catalytic activity of TORC2, but its conserved region in the middle (Sin1CRIM) forms a discrete domain that specifically binds the TORC2 substrate kinases. Sin1CRIM fused to a different TORC2 subunit can recruit the TORC2 substrate Gad8 for phosphorylation even in the sin1 null mutant of fission yeast. The solution structure of Sin1CRIM shows a ubiquitin-like fold with a characteristic acidic loop, which is essential for interaction with the TORC2 substrates. The specific substrate-recognition function is conserved in human Sin1CRIM, which may represent a potential target for novel anticancer drugs that prevent activation of the mTORC2 substrates such as AKT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Tatebe
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - Shinichi Murayama
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - Toshiya Yonekura
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Hatano
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - David Richter
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, California, United States
| | - Tomomi Furuya
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan
| | - Saori Kataoka
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kyoko Furuita
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chojiro Kojima
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Shiozaki
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, California, United States
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Quagliariello V, Iaffaioli RV, Armenia E, Clemente O, Barbarisi M, Nasti G, Berretta M, Ottaiano A, Barbarisi A. Hyaluronic Acid Nanohydrogel Loaded With Quercetin Alone or in Combination to a Macrolide Derivative of Rapamycin RAD001 (Everolimus) as a New Treatment for Hormone-Responsive Human Breast Cancer. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2063-2074. [PMID: 27607841 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is based on the evaluation of anticancer, anti-inflammatory activities, and cellular uptake of hyaluronic acid nanohydrogel of quercetin tested alone and in combination to a macrolide derivative of rapamycin RAD001 (everolimus) on hormone-responsive breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Biological investigations were focused on the receptor mediated cellular internalization of the nanohydrogel and its abilities to reduce secretion of several cytokines (IL-8, IL-6, IL-19), VEGF, and metalloproteases (MMP-2, MMP-9) under pro-inflammatory conditions. Nanohydrogel show a CD44 dependent endocytosis with evident time dependent cytoplasmatic accumulation with abilities to reduce secretion of all cytokines of ∼60% compared to untreated cells. Combination of formulated quercetin and everolimus leads to a synergistic cytotoxic effects with a Combination Index of 0.38. These results highlights the importance of synergistic effect of the hyaluronic acid nanohydrogel of quercetin with everolimus in the regulation of human breast cancer cell proliferation and emphasize the antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties of the nanocarrier. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2063-2074, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Quagliariello
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS-Foundation G. Pascale, Naples, Italy.,Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,ASMO (Association for Multidisciplinary Studies in Oncology) and Mediterranean Diet, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Vincenzo Iaffaioli
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS-Foundation G. Pascale, Naples, Italy.,ASMO (Association for Multidisciplinary Studies in Oncology) and Mediterranean Diet, Naples, Italy
| | - Emilia Armenia
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Ottavia Clemente
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Manlio Barbarisi
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Nasti
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS-Foundation G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Ottaiano
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, National Cancer Institute, IRCCS-Foundation G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Barbarisi
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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71
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Shah SA, Yoon GH, Chung SS, Abid MN, Kim TH, Lee HY, Kim MO. Novel osmotin inhibits SREBP2 via the AdipoR1/AMPK/SIRT1 pathway to improve Alzheimer's disease neuropathological deficits. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:407-416. [PMID: 27001618 PMCID: PMC5322276 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Extensive evidence has indicated that a high rate of cholesterol biogenesis and abnormal neuronal energy metabolism play key roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Here, for we believe the first time, we used osmotin, a plant protein homolog of mammalian adiponectin, to determine its therapeutic efficacy in different AD models. Our results reveal that osmotin treatment modulated adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1), significantly induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activation and reduced SREBP2 (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2) expression in both in vitro and in vivo AD models and in Adipo-/- mice. Via the AdipoR1/AMPK/SIRT1/SREBP2 signaling pathway, osmotin significantly diminished amyloidogenic Aβ production, abundance and aggregation, accompanied by improved pre- and post-synaptic dysfunction, cognitive impairment, memory deficits and, most importantly, reversed the suppression of long-term potentiation in AD mice. Interestingly, AdipoR1, AMPK and SIRT1 silencing not only abolished osmotin capability but also further enhanced AD pathology by increasing SREBP2, amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-secretase (BACE1) expression and the levels of toxic Aβ production. However, the opposite was true for SREBP2 when silenced using small interfering RNA in APPswe/ind-transfected SH-SY5Y cells. Similarly, osmotin treatment also enhanced the non-amyloidogenic pathway by activating the α-secretase gene that is, ADAM10, in an AMPK/SIRT1-dependent manner. These results suggest that osmotin or osmotin-based therapeutic agents might be potential candidates for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Shah
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - G H Yoon
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - S S Chung
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M N Abid
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - T H Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Lee
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - M O Kim
- Division of Life Science and Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea,Neuroscience Pioneer Research Center, Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea. E-mail:
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72
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Liang Q, Chen H, Zhou X, Deng Q, Hu E, Zhao C, Gong X. Optimized microwave-assistant extraction combined ultrasonic pretreatment of flavonoids fromPeriploca forrestiiSchltr. and evaluation of its anti-allergic activity. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1113-1121. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liang
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment; Guizhou Normal University; Guiyang P. R. China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine; Guiyang P. R. China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine; Guizhou Normal University; Guiyang P. R. China
| | - Huaguo Chen
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment; Guizhou Normal University; Guiyang P. R. China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine; Guiyang P. R. China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine; Guizhou Normal University; Guiyang P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment; Guizhou Normal University; Guiyang P. R. China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine; Guiyang P. R. China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine; Guizhou Normal University; Guiyang P. R. China
| | - Qingfang Deng
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment; Guizhou Normal University; Guiyang P. R. China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine; Guiyang P. R. China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine; Guizhou Normal University; Guiyang P. R. China
| | - Enming Hu
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment; Guizhou Normal University; Guiyang P. R. China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine; Guiyang P. R. China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine; Guizhou Normal University; Guiyang P. R. China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment; Guizhou Normal University; Guiyang P. R. China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine; Guiyang P. R. China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine; Guizhou Normal University; Guiyang P. R. China
| | - Xiaojian Gong
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment; Guizhou Normal University; Guiyang P. R. China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine; Guiyang P. R. China
- The Research Center for Quality Control of Natural Medicine; Guizhou Normal University; Guiyang P. R. China
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73
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Marín-Aguilar F, Pavillard LE, Giampieri F, Bullón P, Cordero MD. Adenosine Monophosphate (AMP)-Activated Protein Kinase: A New Target for Nutraceutical Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E288. [PMID: 28146060 PMCID: PMC5343824 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an important energy sensor which is activated by increases in adenosine monophosphate (AMP)/adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ratio and/or adenosine diphosphate (ADP)/ATP ratio, and increases different metabolic pathways such as fatty acid oxidation, glucose transport and mitochondrial biogenesis. In this sense, AMPK maintains cellular energy homeostasis by induction of catabolism and inhibition of ATP-consuming biosynthetic pathways to preserve ATP levels. Several studies indicate a reduction of AMPK sensitivity to cellular stress during aging and this could impair the downstream signaling and the maintenance of the cellular energy balance and the stress resistance. However, several diseases have been related with an AMPK dysfunction. Alterations in AMPK signaling decrease mitochondrial biogenesis, increase cellular stress and induce inflammation, which are typical events of the aging process and have been associated to several pathological processes. In this sense, in the last few years AMPK has been identified as a very interesting target and different nutraceutical compounds are being studied for an interesting potential effect on AMPK induction. In this review, we will evaluate the interaction of the different nutraceutical compounds to induce the AMPK phosphorylation and the applications in diseases such as cancer, type II diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases or cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Marín-Aguilar
- Research Laboratory, Oral Medicine Department, University of Sevilla, Sevilla 41009, Spain.
| | - Luis E Pavillard
- Research Laboratory, Oral Medicine Department, University of Sevilla, Sevilla 41009, Spain.
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche-Sez. Biochimica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60100, Italy.
| | - Pedro Bullón
- Research Laboratory, Oral Medicine Department, University of Sevilla, Sevilla 41009, Spain.
| | - Mario D Cordero
- Research Laboratory, Oral Medicine Department, University of Sevilla, Sevilla 41009, Spain.
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74
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Cissé M, Duplan E, Checler F. The transcription factor XBP1 in memory and cognition: Implications in Alzheimer disease. Mol Med 2017; 22:905-917. [PMID: 28079229 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2016.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) is a unique basic region leucine zipper transcription factor isolated two decades ago in a search for regulators of major histocompatibility complex class II gene expression. XBP1 is a very complex protein regulating many physiological functions, including immune system, inflammatory responses, and lipid metabolism. Evidence over the past few years suggests that XBP1 also plays important roles in pathological settings since its activity as transcription factor has profound effects on the prognosis and progression of diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration, and diabetes. Here we provide an overview on recent advances in our understanding of this multifaceted molecule, particularly in regulating synaptic plasticity and memory function, and the implications in neurodegenerative diseases with emphasis on Alzheimer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustapha Cissé
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, team labeled "Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale" and "Laboratory of Excellence (LABEX) Distalz", 660 route des Lucioles, 06560, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Eric Duplan
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, team labeled "Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale" and "Laboratory of Excellence (LABEX) Distalz", 660 route des Lucioles, 06560, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Frédéric Checler
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, team labeled "Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale" and "Laboratory of Excellence (LABEX) Distalz", 660 route des Lucioles, 06560, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
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75
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Shen CY, Jiang JG, Yang L, Wang DW, Zhu W. Anti-ageing active ingredients from herbs and nutraceuticals used in traditional Chinese medicine: pharmacological mechanisms and implications for drug discovery. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 174:1395-1425. [PMID: 27659301 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing, an unanswered question in the medical field, is a multifactorial process that results in a progressive functional decline in cells, tissues and organisms. Although it is impossible to prevent ageing, slowing down the rate of ageing is entirely possible to achieve. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is characterized by the nourishing of life and its role in anti-ageing is getting more and more attention. This article summarizes the work done on the natural products from TCM that are reported to have anti-ageing effects, in the past two decades. The effective anti-ageing ingredients identified can be generally divided into flavonoids, saponins, polysaccharides, alkaloids and others. Astragaloside, Cistanche tubulosa acteoside, icariin, tetrahydrocurcumin, quercetin, butein, berberine, catechin, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, gastrodin, 6-Gingerol, glaucarubinone, ginsenoside Rg1, luteolin, icarisid II, naringenin, resveratrol, theaflavin, carnosic acid, catalpol, chrysophanol, cycloastragenol, emodin, galangin, echinacoside, ferulic acid, huperzine, honokiol, isoliensinine, phycocyanin, proanthocyanidins, rosmarinic acid, oxymatrine, piceid, puerarin and salvianolic acid B are specified in this review. Simultaneously, chemical structures of the monomers with anti-ageing activities are listed, and their source, model, efficacy and mechanism are also described. The TCMs with anti-ageing function are classified according to their action pathways, including the telomere and telomerase, the sirtuins, the mammalian target of rapamycin, AMP-activated kinase and insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signalling pathway, free radicals scavenging and the resistance to DNA damage. Finally, Chinese compound prescription and extracts related to anti-ageing are introduced, which provides the basis and the direction for the further development of novel and potential drugs. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Principles of Pharmacological Research of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.11/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Shen
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Wei Wang
- The second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- The second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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76
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Suganthy N, Devi KP, Nabavi SF, Braidy N, Nabavi SM. Bioactive effects of quercetin in the central nervous system: Focusing on the mechanisms of actions. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:892-908. [PMID: 27756054 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a ubiquitous flavonoid that is widely distributed in plants is classified as a cognitive enhancer in traditional and oriental medicine. The protective effects of quercetin for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and cerebrovascular diseases have been demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The free radical scavenging activity of quercetin has been well-documented, wherein quercetin has been observed to exhibit protective effects against oxidative stress mediated neuronal damage by modulating the expression of NRF-2 dependent antioxidant responsive elements, and attenuation of neuroinflammation by suppressing NF-κB signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT-1). Several in vitro and in vivo studies have also shown that quercetin destabilizes and enhances the clearance of abnormal protein such as beta- amyloid peptide and hyperphosphorlyated tau, the key pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. Quercetin enhances neurogenesis and neuronal longevity by modulating a broad number of kinase signaling cascades such as phophoinositide 3- kinase (P13-kinase), AKT/PKB tyrosine kinase and Protein kinase C (PKC). Quercetin has also been well reported for its ability to reverse cognitive impairment and memory enhancement during aging. The current review focuses on summarizing the recent findings on the neuroprotective effect of quercetin, its mechanism of action and its possible roles in the prevention of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Suganthy
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Alagappa University (Science Campus), Karaikudi 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kasi Pandima Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University (Science Campus), Karaikudi 630 004, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Neurodegenerative Diseases: Might Citrus Flavonoids Play a Protective Role? Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101312. [PMID: 27706034 PMCID: PMC6274333 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) result from the gradual and progressive degeneration of the structure and function of the central nervous system or the peripheral nervous system or both. They are characterized by deterioration of neurons and/or myelin sheath, disruption of sensory information transmission and loss of movement control. There is no effective treatment for ND, and the drugs currently marketed are symptom-oriented, albeit with several side effects. Within the past decades, several natural remedies have gained attention as potential neuroprotective drugs. Moreover, an increasing number of studies have suggested that dietary intake of vegetables and fruits can prevent or delay the onset of ND. These properties are mainly due to the presence of polyphenols, an important group of phytochemicals that are abundantly present in fruits, vegetables, cereals and beverages. The main class of polyphenols is flavonoids, abundant in Citrus fruits. Our review is an overview on the scientific literature concerning the neuroprotective effects of the Citrus flavonoids in the prevention or treatment of ND. This review may be used as scientific basis for the development of nutraceuticals, food supplements or complementary and alternative drugs to maintain and improve the neurophysiological status.
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78
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Wang D, Zhao J, Li S, Shen G, Hu S. Quercetin attenuates domoic acid-induced cognitive deficits in mice. Nutr Neurosci 2016; 21:123-131. [PMID: 28277184 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2016.1231438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Domoic acid (DA) is one of the best known marine toxins, causative of important neurotoxic alterations. DA effects are documented both in wildlife and experimental assays, showing that this toxin causes severe injuries principally in the hippocampal area. Accumulating evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are involved in DA-induced cognitive functional impairment. Therefore, therapeutics targeted to improve mitochondrial function and increase oxidative stress defence could be beneficial. Quercetin, a bioflavanoid, has been reported to have potent neuroprotective effects and anti-oxidative ability, but its preventive effects on DA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment have not been well characterised. In this study, we evaluated the effects of quercetin on DA-induced cognitive deficits in mice and explored its potential mechanism. Our results showed that the oral administration of quercetin to DA-treated mice significantly improved their behavioural performance in a novel objective recognition task and a Morris water maze task. These improvements were mediated, at least in part, by a stimulation of PPARγ coactivator 1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis signalling and an amelioration of mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, quercetin activated nuclear factorerythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2)-mediated phase II enzymes and decreased reactive oxygen species and protein carbonylation. Furthermore, the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity significantly increased in the quercetin-treated group. Taken together, these findings suggest that a reduction in mitochondrial dysfunction through the increase of AMPK activity, coupled with an increase in Nrf2 pathway mediated oxidative defence, may be one of the mechanisms by which quercetin improves cognitive impairment induced by DA in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, Medical College , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| | - Jianlong Zhao
- b Department of Pathology, Medical College , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| | - Sanqiang Li
- c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| | - Guomin Shen
- c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| | - Shu Hu
- c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
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79
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Moutinho M, Nunes MJ, Rodrigues E. Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase: Brain cholesterol metabolism and beyond. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:1911-1920. [PMID: 27663182 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunctions in brain cholesterol homeostasis have been extensively related to brain disorders. The major elimination pathway of brain cholesterol is its hydroxylation into 24 (S)-hydroxycholesterol by the cholesterol 24-hydroxylase (CYP46A1). Interestingly, there seems to be an association between CYP46A1 and high-order brain functions, in a sense that increased expression of this hydroxylase improves cognition, while a reduction leads to a poor cognitive performance. Moreover, increasing amount of epidemiological, biochemical and molecular evidence, suggests that CYP46A1 has a role in the pathogenesis or progression of neurodegenerative disorders, in which up-regulation of this enzyme is clearly beneficial. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood, which highlights the importance of studies that further explore the role of CYP46A1 in the central nervous system. In this review we summarize the major findings regarding CYP46A1, and highlight the several recently described pathways modulated by this enzyme from a physiological and pathological perspective, which might account for novel therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Moutinho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria João Nunes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Elsa Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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80
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Chiang MC, Cheng YC, Chen SJ, Yen CH, Huang RN. Metformin activation of AMPK-dependent pathways is neuroprotective in human neural stem cells against Amyloid-beta-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Exp Cell Res 2016; 347:322-31. [PMID: 27554603 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the general consequence of dementia and is diagnostic neuropathology by the cumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein aggregates, which are thought to promote mitochondrial dysfunction processes leading to neurodegeneration. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a critical regulator of energy homeostasis and a major player in lipid and glucose metabolism, is potentially implied in the mitochondrial deficiency of AD. Metformin, one of the widespread used anti- metabolic disease drugs, use its actions in part by stimulation of AMPK. While the mechanisms of AD are well established, the neuronal roles for AMPK in AD are still not well understood. In the present study, human neural stem cells (hNSCs) exposed to Aβ had significantly reduced cell viability, which correlated with decreased AMPK, neuroprotective genes (Bcl-2 and CREB) and mitochondria associated genes (PGC1α, NRF-1 and Tfam) expressions, as well as increased activation of caspase 3/9 activity and cytosolic cytochrome c. Co-treatment with metformin distinct abolished the Aβ-caused actions in hNSCs. Metformin also significantly rescued hNSCs from Aβ-mediated mitochondrial deficiency (lower D-loop level, mitochondrial mass, maximal respiratory function, COX activity, and mitochondrial membrane potential). Importantly, co-treatment with metformin significantly restored fragmented mitochondria to almost normal morphology in the hNSCs with Aβ. These findings extend our understanding of the central role of AMPK in Aβ-related neuronal impairment. Thus, a better understanding of AMPK might assist in both the recognition of its critical effects and the implementation of new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chang Chiang
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chuan Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Jiuun Chen
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Yen
- Department of International Business, Ming Chuan University, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Nan Huang
- Department of Entomology and Research Center for Plant-Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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81
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Salminen A, Kaarniranta K, Kauppinen A. Age-related changes in AMPK activation: Role for AMPK phosphatases and inhibitory phosphorylation by upstream signaling pathways. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 28:15-26. [PMID: 27060201 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a fundamental regulator of energy metabolism, stress resistance, and cellular proteostasis. AMPK signaling controls an integrated signaling network which is involved in the regulation of healthspan and lifespan e.g. via FoxO, mTOR/ULK1, CRCT-1/CREB, and SIRT1 signaling pathways. Several studies have demonstrated that the activation capacity of AMPK signaling declines with aging, which impairs the maintenance of efficient cellular homeostasis and enhances the aging process. However, it seems that the aging process affects AMPK activation in a context-dependent manner since occasionally, it can also augment AMPK activation, possibly attributable to the type of insult and tissue homeostasis. Three protein phosphatases, PP1, PP2A, and PP2C, inhibit AMPK activation by dephosphorylating the Thr172 residue of AMPKα, required for AMPK activation. In addition, several upstream signaling pathways can phosphorylate Ser/Thr residues in the β/γ interaction domain of the AMPKα subunit that subsequently blocks the activation of AMPK. These inhibitory pathways include the insulin/AKT, cyclic AMP/PKA, and RAS/MEK/ERK pathways. We will examine the evidence whether the efficiency of AMPK responsiveness declines during the aging process. Next, we will review the mechanisms involved in curtailing the activation of AMPK. Finally, we will elucidate the potential age-related changes in the inhibitory regulation of AMPK signaling that might be a part of the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-70029 KYS, Finland
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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82
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Abstract
AbstractThree areas in the brain continuously generate new neurons throughout life: the subventricular zone lining the lateral ventricles, the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus and the median eminence in the hypothalamus. These areas harbour neural stem cells, which contribute to neural repair by generating daughter cells that then become functional neurons or glia. Impaired neurogenesis leads to detrimental consequences, such as depression, decline of cognitive abilities and obesity. Adult neurogenesis is a versatile process that can be modulated either positively or negatively by many effectors, external or endogenous. Diet can modify neurogenesis both ways, either directly by ways of food-borne molecules, or possibly by the modifications induced on gut microbiota composition. It is therefore critical to define dietary strategies optimal for the maintenance of the stem cell pools.
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83
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Lagerweij T, Hiddingh L, Biesmans D, Crommentuijn MH, Cloos J, Li XN, Kogiso M, Tannous BA, Vandertop WP, Noske DP, Kaspers GJ, Würdinger T, Hulleman E. A chemical screen for medulloblastoma identifies quercetin as a putative radiosensitizer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:35776-35788. [PMID: 26967057 PMCID: PMC5094961 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of medulloblastoma in children fails in approximately 30% of patients, and is often accompanied by severe late sequelae. Therefore, more effective drugs are needed that spare normal tissue and diminish long-term side effects. Since radiotherapy plays a pivotal role in the treatment of medulloblastoma, we set out to identify novel drugs that could potentiate the effect of ionizing radiation.Thereto, a small molecule library, consisting of 960 chemical compounds, was screened for its ability to sensitize towards irradiation. This small molecule screen identified the flavonoid quercetin as a novel radiosensitizer for the medulloblastoma cell lines DAOY, D283-med, and, to a lesser extent, D458-med at low micromolar concentrations and irradiation doses used in fractionated radiation schemes. Quercetin did not affect the proliferation of neural precursor cells or normal human fibroblasts. Importantly, in vivo experiments confirmed the radiosensitizing properties of quercetin. Administration of this flavonoid at the time of irradiation significantly prolonged survival in orthotopically xenografted mice. Together, these findings indicate that quercetin is a potent radiosensitizer for medulloblastoma cells that may be a promising lead for the treatment of medulloblastoma in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonny Lagerweij
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lotte Hiddingh
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Biesmans
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matheus H.W. Crommentuijn
- Department of Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Cloos
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Xiao-Nan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mari Kogiso
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bakhos A. Tannous
- Department of Neurology, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W. Peter Vandertop
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David P. Noske
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gertjan J.L. Kaspers
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Würdinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Esther Hulleman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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84
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Lee YJ, Bernstock JD, Nagaraja N, Ko B, Hallenbeck JM. Global SUMOylation facilitates the multimodal neuroprotection afforded by quercetin against the deleterious effects of oxygen/glucose deprivation and the restoration of oxygen/glucose. J Neurochem 2016; 138:101-16. [PMID: 27087120 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The putative neuroprotective properties of various flavonoids have long been reported. Among this class of chemicals, quercetin, a major flavone/flavonol naturally occurring in plants, deserves focused attention because of the myriad of beneficial effects observed in various in vitro and in vivo models of central nervous system damage/degeneration. However, the mechanisms governing the beneficial outcomes mediated by quercetin remain to be elucidated. In an effort to define the underlying molecular mechanisms, our study employed human/rat neuroblastoma cell lines (SHSY5Y and B35, respectively) and E18-derived rat primary cortical neurons upon which the effects of various flavonoids were examined. Of note, increases in the levels of global SUMOylation, a post-translational modification with the Small Ubiquitin-like MOdifier (SUMO) were pronounced. Quercetin treatment increased SUMOylation levels in both SHSY5Y cells and rat cortical neurons in a dose and time-dependent manner, possibly via the direct inactivation of certain SENPs (SUMO-specific isopeptidases). Of particular interest, cells treated with quercetin displayed increased tolerance to oxygen/glucose deprivation exposure, an in vitro model of ischemia. SHSY5Y cells treated with quercetin also increased the expression of Nrf2 (via a decrease in the levels of Keap1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1), which provide further protection from oxidative stress. In addition, the increased SUMOylation of HIF-1α was noted and deemed to be significant. We hypothesize that SUMOylated HIF-1α plays a fundamental role in the protection afforded and may underlie some of quercetin's ability to protect cells from oxygen/glucose deprivation-induced cell death, via an up-regulation of HO-1 and NOS1, which ultimately leads to the induction of pro-life NOS1/protein kinase G signaling. Quercetin acts to increase survival in the face of ischemia via an increase of SENP3 expression, the possible inactivation of SENPs 1/2, and via a decrease in KEAP1 levels (thereby increasing Nrf2 stability). These changes may then lead to increase in HIF-1α SUMOylation and HO-1 activation, followed by an up-regulation of NOS1/PKG signaling. Pathways altered via quercetin treatment within our experimental system are represented by blue arrowheads. Solid black arrows represent relationships that have been explored while a dotted arrow represents a relationship that has yet to be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Ja Lee
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua D Bernstock
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nandakumar Nagaraja
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Brian Ko
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John M Hallenbeck
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health (NINDS/NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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85
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Cellular senescence in aging and age-related disease: from mechanisms to therapy. Nat Med 2016; 21:1424-35. [PMID: 26646499 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1409] [Impact Index Per Article: 176.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence, a process that imposes permanent proliferative arrest on cells in response to various stressors, has emerged as a potentially important contributor to aging and age-related disease, and it is an attractive target for therapeutic exploitation. A wealth of information about senescence in cultured cells has been acquired over the past half century; however, senescence in living organisms is poorly understood, largely because of technical limitations relating to the identification and characterization of senescent cells in tissues and organs. Furthermore, newly recognized beneficial signaling functions of senescence suggest that indiscriminately targeting senescent cells or modulating their secretome for anti-aging therapy may have negative consequences. Here we discuss current progress and challenges in understanding the stressors that induce senescence in vivo, the cell types that are prone to senesce, and the autocrine and paracrine properties of senescent cells in the contexts of aging and age-related diseases as well as disease therapy.
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86
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Yang S, Liu W, Lu S, Tian YZ, Wang WY, Ling TJ, Liu RT. A Novel Multifunctional Compound Camellikaempferoside B Decreases Aβ Production, Interferes with Aβ Aggregation, and Prohibits Aβ-Mediated Neurotoxicity and Neuroinflammation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:505-18. [PMID: 27015590 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggested that soluble oligomeric β-amyloid protein (Aβ) exerts diverse roles in neuronal cell death, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and the eventual dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Developing an agent with multiple properties may be a reasonable strategy for the treatment of AD. In this study, we isolated a novel multifunctional compound named camellikaempferoside B (YCF-2) from Fuzhuan brick tea. YCF-2 consists of kaempferol backbone, p-coumaric acid (p-CA) group, and a novel structure of rhamnopyranosyl group at the C-4' position, possessing the properties of both kaempferol and p-CA. YCF-2 significantly inhibited Aβ production by decreasing β-secretase activity. Moreover, YCF-2 suppressed Aβ42 fibrillation and facilitated nontoxic oligomer formation by binding to Aβ42 oligomers and by blocking the conformational transition to β-sheet. Furthermore, YCF-2 ameliorated Aβ-induced neuronal cell death, ROS production, inflammatory factor release, and microglia activation by blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway in microglia. These findings indicated that YCF-2 with a novel lead structure has potential applications for drug development for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigao Yang
- National
Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wen Liu
- National
Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School
of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shuai Lu
- National
Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yong-zhen Tian
- State
Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University 130 West Changjiang Rd., Hefei 230036, P. R. China
| | - Wei-yun Wang
- School
of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Tie-jun Ling
- State
Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University 130 West Changjiang Rd., Hefei 230036, P. R. China
| | - Rui-tian Liu
- National
Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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87
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Chen J, Deng X, Liu N, Li M, Liu B, Fu Q, Qu R, Ma S. Quercetin attenuates tau hyperphosphorylation and improves cognitive disorder via suppression of ER stress in a manner dependent on AMPK pathway. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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88
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Miyamoto L. Can food factors provide Us with the similar beneficial effects of physical exercise? Food Sci Biotechnol 2016; 25:9-13. [PMID: 30263480 PMCID: PMC6049404 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-016-0092-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases have got global health issues. Physical exercise as well as diet therapy is a potent strategy for fighting against the diseases. However, it is often difficult to continue to keep exercise regularly enough to take sufficient effect. Thus, good substitutes for the therapeutic exercise would be greatly beneficial. Recent studies have suggested that 5'AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) play important roles in the metabolic alterations by muscle contraction. The notion that AMPK mediates broad effects of physical exercise has been widely accepted, though it has been challenged by observations in some genetically AMPK-disrupted animals. We have demonstrated metabolome-wide significance of AMPK activation in contracting muscles. Thus, pharmacological activation of AMPK can be a promising way to obtain similar effects of the exercise. The relevance of AMPK will be introduced, and possible strategies for obtaining similar effects to the exercise from food factors will be discussed in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licht Miyamoto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Physiological Sciences, Frontier Laboratories for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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89
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Quercetin regulates hepatic cholesterol metabolism by promoting cholesterol-to-bile acid conversion and cholesterol efflux in rats. Nutr Res 2016; 36:271-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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90
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Liu K, Mei F, Wang Y, Xiao N, Yang L, Wang Y, Li J, Huang F, Kou J, Liu B, Qi LW. Quercetin oppositely regulates insulin-mediated glucose disposal in skeletal muscle under normal and inflammatory conditions: The dual roles of AMPK activation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 60:551-65. [PMID: 26627467 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Quercetin is a dietary flavonoid whose role in the regulation of the activity of insulin remains controversial. Our study aimed to investigate how quercetin and its major metabolite quercetin-3-glucuronide (Q-3-G) regulate insulin-mediated glucose disposal in skeletal muscle under normal and inflammatory conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS Under normal conditions, quercetin impaired glucose and insulin tolerance and attenuated insulin-mediated phosphorylation of Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160) and TBC1D1 without affecting Akt activity in male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. However, under inflammatory conditions, quercetin exhibited an opposite effect in these animals. In C2C12 cells, quercetin also decreased insulin-stimulated AS160 and TBC1D1 phosphorylation and glucose uptake in the absence of an inflammatory insult, whereas it improved the action of insulin under inflammatory conditions. Knockdown of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) blocked the differential effects of quercetin under both conditions. Unlike quercetin, Q-3-G had no influence on insulin-induced phosphorylation of AS160 and TBC1D1 and glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes under normal conditions. Q-3-G displayed a similar regulation with quercetin in glucose disposal under inflammatory conditions. CONCLUSION Quercetin suppressed insulin-mediated glucose disposal in skeletal muscle tissue/cells under normal conditions while it ameliorated impaired glucose uptake under inflammatory conditions with activation of AMPK. In contrast, Q-3-G ameliorated insulin resistance in skeletal cells under inflammatory conditions without affecting glucose disposal under normal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Mei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yapu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lele Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yilei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junping Kou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baolin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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91
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Vázquez-Manrique RP, Farina F, Cambon K, Dolores Sequedo M, Parker AJ, Millán JM, Weiss A, Déglon N, Neri C. AMPK activation protects from neuronal dysfunction and vulnerability across nematode, cellular and mouse models of Huntington's disease. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 25:1043-58. [PMID: 26681807 PMCID: PMC4764188 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenosine monophosphate activated kinase protein (AMPK) is an evolutionary-conserved protein important for cell survival and organismal longevity through the modulation of energy homeostasis. Several studies suggested that AMPK activation may improve energy metabolism and protein clearance in the brains of patients with vascular injury or neurodegenerative disease. However, in Huntington's disease (HD), AMPK may be activated in the striatum of HD mice at a late, post-symptomatic phase of the disease, and high-dose regiments of the AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide may worsen neuropathological and behavioural phenotypes. Here, we revisited the role of AMPK in HD using models that recapitulate the early features of the disease, including Caenorhabditis elegans neuron dysfunction before cell death and mouse striatal cell vulnerability. Genetic and pharmacological manipulation of aak-2/AMPKα shows that AMPK activation protects C. elegans neurons from the dysfunction induced by human exon-1 huntingtin (Htt) expression, in a daf-16/forkhead box O-dependent manner. Similarly, AMPK activation using genetic manipulation and low-dose metformin treatment protects mouse striatal cells expressing full-length mutant Htt (mHtt), counteracting their vulnerability to stress, with reduction of soluble mHtt levels by metformin and compensation of cytotoxicity by AMPKα1. Furthermore, AMPK protection is active in the mouse brain as delivery of gain-of-function AMPK-γ1 to mouse striata slows down the neurodegenerative effects of mHtt. Collectively, these data highlight the importance of considering the dynamic of HD for assessing the therapeutic potential of stress-response targets in the disease. We postulate that AMPK activation is a compensatory response and valid approach for protecting dysfunctional and vulnerable neurons in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael P Vázquez-Manrique
- CNRS, UMR 8256, Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Biology and Pathology, Paris, France, Sorbonnes Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) Univ Paris 06, Paris, France, Molecular, Cellular and Genomic Biomedicine Research Group, Health Research Institute-La Fe and CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain,
| | - Francesca Farina
- CNRS, UMR 8256, Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Biology and Pathology, Paris, France, Sorbonnes Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Karine Cambon
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Département des Sciences du Vivant (DSV), Institut d'Imagerie Biomédicale (I2BM), MIRCen, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 9199, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, F-92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - María Dolores Sequedo
- Molecular, Cellular and Genomic Biomedicine Research Group, Health Research Institute-La Fe and CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain
| | - Alex J Parker
- CRCHUM, Montréal, Canada, Department de Neurosciences, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - José María Millán
- Molecular, Cellular and Genomic Biomedicine Research Group, Health Research Institute-La Fe and CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain
| | - Andreas Weiss
- Evotec AG, Manfred Eigen Campus, Hamburg, Germany and
| | - Nicole Déglon
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Département des Sciences du Vivant (DSV), Institut d'Imagerie Biomédicale (I2BM), MIRCen, Department of Clinical Neurosciences (DNC), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Neri
- CNRS, UMR 8256, Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Biology and Pathology, Paris, France, Sorbonnes Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) Univ Paris 06, Paris, France,
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92
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Pichiah PBT, Cha YS. Salicornia herbacea prevents weight gain and hepatic lipid accumulation in obese ICR mice fed a high-fat diet. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2015; 95:3150-3159. [PMID: 25523516 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foods that are rich in fat and or sodium chloride promote obesity and associated diseases, whereas intake of dietary fiber averts obesity development. Salicornia herbacea (SH) is a rich source of dietary fiber and high in sodium chloride; therefore, we investigated whether replacing common salt with SH in a high-fat diet could prevent obesity development. RESULTS Mice were divided into five groups: group ND was fed a normal diet, group HD was fed a high-fat diet, group HD-NaCl was fed a high fat diet with sodium chloride 10 g kg(-1) , group HD-CL was fed a high-fat diet with cellulose 30 g kg(-1) and group HD-SH was fed a high-fat diet with SH powder 50 g kg(-1) . The amount of sodium chloride and cellulose added in the respective diet was equivalent to their amount in SH. Data from our study showed that, SH supplementation significantly decreased body weight gain, liver weight, hepatic triglyceride, serum leptin and insulin, along with the mRNA level of key lipid anabolic genes such as SREBP-1c, PPARγ and FAS compared to the HD group. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrated that SH is a potential natural anti-obesity agent that can be used in place of sodium chloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Tirupathi Pichiah
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Soo Cha
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea
- Jeonju Makgeolli Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea
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93
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Antonioli L, Colucci R, Pellegrini C, Giustarini G, Sacco D, Tirotta E, Caputi V, Marsilio I, Giron MC, Németh ZH, Blandizzi C, Fornai M. The AMPK enzyme-complex: from the regulation of cellular energy homeostasis to a possible new molecular target in the management of chronic inflammatory disorders. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 20:179-91. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1086752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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94
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Paul R, Choudhury A, Borah A. Cholesterol - A putative endogenous contributor towards Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2015; 90:125-33. [PMID: 26232622 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Elevated levels of cholesterol and its metabolites (oxysterols) have been reported to be associated not only with several metabolic syndromes, but also become a prognostic risk factor of neurodegenerative diseases particularly Alzheimer's disease. The incidence and the prospect of Alzheimer's disease with respect to elevated levels of cholesterol have been studied extensively and reviewed earlier. Recently, several interesting findings have shown the occurrence of equivalent Parkinsonian pathologies in cellular neuronal models, mediated by oxysterols or excess exposure to cholesterol. In this regard, oxysterols are particular in causing alpha-synuclein aggregation and destruction of dopamine containing neurons in in vitro models, which is linked to their direct influence on oxidative stress provoking potency. Inspite of the significant in vitro reports, which suggest the relativeness of cholesterol or oxysterol towards Parkinsonism, several prospective clinical reports provided a negative or no correlation. However, few prospective clinical studies showed a positive correlation between plasma cholesterol and incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD). Also, few significant studies have convincingly demonstrated that high fat diet exacerbates parkinsonian pathologies, including loss of dopaminergic neurons and oxidative stress parameters in animal models of PD. The present review brings together all the neuropathological proceedings mediated by excess cholesterol or its metabolites in brain in the light of their contribution towards the onset of PD. Also we have reviewed the possibilities of cholesterol lowering efficacy of statin therapy, in reducing the occurrence of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Paul
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Amarendranath Choudhury
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India.
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95
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Ko HK, Lee HF, Lin AH, Liu MH, Liu CI, Lee TS, Kou YR. Regulation of Cigarette Smoke Induction of IL-8 in Macrophages by AMP-activated Protein Kinase Signaling. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:1781-93. [PMID: 25503516 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inhaled cigarette smoke (CS) causes persistent lung inflammation in smokers. Interleukin 8 (IL-8) released from macrophages is a key chemokine during initiation and progression of CS-induced lung inflammation, yet its regulation is largely unknown. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a crucial energy homeostasis regulator, may modulate inflammation. Here we report that CS extract (CSE) increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), activating AMPK, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and NF-κB, as well as inducing IL-8, in human macrophages. N-acetyl-cysteine (ROS scavenger) or hexamethonium [nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonist] attenuated the CSE-induced increase in intracellular ROS, activation of AMPK and NF-κB, as well as IL-8 induction, which suggests that nAChRs and ROS are important. Prevention of AMPK activation by compound C or AMPK siRNA reduced CSE-induced IL-8 production, confirming the role of AMPK. Compound C or AMPK siRNA also inhibited the activation of MAPKs and NF-κB by CSE, which suggests that these molecules are downstream of AMPK. Additionally, exposure of human macrophages to nicotine activated AMPK and induced IL-8 and that these effects were lessened by hexamethonium or compound C, implying that nicotine in CS may be causative. Furthermore, chronic CS exposure in mice promoted AMPK phosphorylation and expression of MIP-2 (an IL-8 homolog) in infiltrated macrophages and in lung tissues, as well as induced lung inflammation, all of which were reduced by compound C treatment. Thus, we identified a novel nAChRs-dependent, ROS-sensitive, AMPK/MAPKs/NF-κB signaling pathway, which seems to be important to CS-induced macrophage IL-8 production and possibly to lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Kuo Ko
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Respiratory Therapy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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96
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Bertoldo MJ, Faure M, Dupont J, Froment P. AMPK: a master energy regulator for gonadal function. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:235. [PMID: 26236179 PMCID: PMC4500899 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
From C. elegans to mammals (including humans), nutrition and energy metabolism significantly influence reproduction. At the cellular level, some detectors of energy status indicate whether energy reserves are abundant (obesity), or poor (diet restriction). One of these detectors is AMPK (5′ AMP-activated protein kinase), a protein kinase activated by ATP deficiency but also by several natural substances such as polyphenols or synthetic molecules like metformin, used in the treatment of insulin resistance. AMPK is expressed in muscle and liver, but also in the ovary and testis. This review focuses on the main effects of AMPK identified in gonadal cells. We describe the role of AMPK in gonadal steroidogenesis, in proliferation and survival of somatic gonadal cells and in the maturation of oocytes or spermatozoa. We discuss also the role of AMPK in germ and somatic cell interactions within the cumulus-oocyte complex and in the blood testis barrier. Finally, the interface in the gonad between AMPK and modification of metabolism is reported and discussion about the role of AMPK on fertility, in regards to the treatment of infertility associated with insulin resistance (male obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Bertoldo
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melanie Faure
- Unité de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR85 Nouzilly, France
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- Unité de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR85 Nouzilly, France
| | - Pascal Froment
- Unité de Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR85 Nouzilly, France
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97
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Bu XL, Rao PPN, Wang YJ. Anti-amyloid Aggregation Activity of Natural Compounds: Implications for Alzheimer's Drug Discovery. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:3565-3575. [PMID: 26099310 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Several plant-derived natural compounds are known to exhibit anti-amyloid aggregation activity which makes them attractive as potential therapies to treat Alzheimer's disease. The mechanisms of their anti-amyloid activity are not well known. In this regard, many natural compounds are known to exhibit direct binding to various amyloid species including oligomers and fibrils, which in turn can lead to conformational change in the beta-sheet assembly to form nontoxic aggregates. This review discusses the mechanism of anti-amyloid activity of 16 natural compounds and gives structural details on their direct binding interactions with amyloid aggregates. Our computational investigations show that the physicochemical properties of natural products do fit Lipinski's criteria and that catechol and catechol-type moieties present in natural compounds act as lysine site-specific inhibitors of amyloid aggregation. Based on these observations, we propose a structural template to design novel small molecules containing site-specific ring scaffolds, planar aromatic and nonaromatic linkers with suitably substituted hydrogen bond acceptors and donors. These studies will have significant implications in the design and development of novel amyloid aggregation inhibitors with superior metabolic stability and blood-brain barrier penetration as potential agents to treat Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Le Bu
- Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Praveen P N Rao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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98
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Ashabi G, Khalaj L, Khodagholi F, Goudarzvand M, Sarkaki A. Pre-treatment with metformin activates Nrf2 antioxidant pathways and inhibits inflammatory responses through induction of AMPK after transient global cerebral ischemia. Metab Brain Dis 2015; 30:747-54. [PMID: 25413451 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-014-9632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Global cerebral ischemia arises in patients who have a variety of clinical conditions including cardiac arrest, shock and asphyxia. In spite of advances in understanding of the brain ischemia and stroke etiology, therapeutic approaches to improve ischemic injury still remain limited. It has been established that metformin can attenuate cell death in cerebral ischemia. One of the main functions of metformin is proposed to be conducted via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent pathway in the experimental cerebral ischemia model. It is also established that metformin can suppress inflammation and activate Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) pathways in neurons. In the current study, the role of metformin in regulating inflammatory and antioxidant pathways in the global cerebral ischemia was investigated. Our results indicated that pretreatment of rats by metformin attenuated cellular levels of nuclear factor-κB, Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha and Cyclooxygenase-2 which are considered as three important proteins involved in the inflammation pathway. Pretreatment by metformin increased the level of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 in the hippocampus of ischemic rats compared with untreated ischemic group. Moreover, pretreatment by metformin enhanced the level of glutathione and catalase activities compared with them in ischemic group. Such protective changes detected by metformin pretreatment were reversed by injecting compound c, an AMPK inhibitor. These findings suggested that metformin might protect cells through modulating inflammatory and antioxidant pathways via induction of AMPK. However, more experimental and clinical trial studies regarding neuroprotective potential of metformin and the involved mechanisms, especially in the context of cerebral ischemic injuries, are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghorbangol Ashabi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jundishapour Medical Sciences University, Ahwaz, Iran
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99
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Dong W, Guo W, Zheng X, Wang F, Chen Y, Zhang W, Shi H. Electroacupuncture improves cognitive deficits associated with AMPK activation in SAMP8 mice. Metab Brain Dis 2015; 30:777-84. [PMID: 25502012 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-014-9641-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Perturbations of brain energy metabolism are involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK) is a master energy sensor that monitors the levels of key energy metabolites. Electroacupuncture (EA) has demonstrated therapeutic potential for the treatment of AD. The effects of EA on cognitive functions and the changes of AMPK and its phosphorylated form (p-AMPK) expression were investigated in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice. Cognitive function of SAMP8 mice was assessed using Morris water maze test after EA treatment. Then mice were sacrificed for immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. EA stimulation significantly alleviated memory impairment of AD mice, and increased the levels of p-AMPK in the hippocampus. These results suggest that EA improved cognitive function associated with AMPK activation, AMPK may be a molecular target of EA in treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Dong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, Peoples Republic of China,
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100
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Lee CG, Koo JH, Kim SG. Phytochemical regulation of Fyn and AMPK signaling circuitry. Arch Pharm Res 2015; 38:2093-105. [PMID: 25951818 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0611-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
During the past decades, phytochemical terpenoids, polyphenols, lignans, flavonoids, and alkaloids have been identified as antioxidative and cytoprotective agents. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a kinase that controls redox-state and oxidative stress in the cell, and serves as a key molecule regulating energy metabolism. Many phytochemicals directly or indirectly alter the AMPK pathway in distinct manners, exerting catabolic metabolism. Some of them are considered promising in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as type II diabetes, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. Another important kinase that regulates energy metabolism is Fyn kinase, a member of the Src family kinases that plays a role in various cellular responses such as insulin signaling, cell growth, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Phytochemical inhibition of Fyn leads to AMPK-mediated protection of the cell in association with increased antioxidative capacity and mitochondrial biogenesis. The kinases may work together to form a signaling circuitry for the homeostasis of energy conservation and expenditure, and may serve as targets of phytochemicals. This review is intended as a compilation of recent advancements in the pharmacological research of phytochemicals targeting Fyn and AMPK circuitry, providing information for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases and the accompanying tissue injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Gyu Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
| | - Ja Hyun Koo
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
| | - Sang Geon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
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