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Liu J, Zhou L, Lin S, Yao B. Role of serum matrix metalloproteinase in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36:1025-1031. [PMID: 32704283 PMCID: PMC7372687 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.5.2059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the clinical value of a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) antibody array in diagnosing gastric cancer (GC). Methods In this prospective study, serum samples of patients with GC (n=66) and non-neoplastic gastric disease (NGD; n=34) were collected between November 2017 and July 2018. The quantitative measurement of 10 MMP-related proteins was done using MMP arrays and compared between the two groups. Results The serum levels of MMPs 3, 8, 9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) 1 and 2 were significantly higher in the GC group than in the NGD group (p<0.05). The area under curve (AUC) of the 10 MMP proteins for the diagnosis of GC varied between 0.500 and 0.658. The total AUC of all MMPs was 0.897 (95% CI: 0.837-0.957). The total AUC of the five MMPs (MMPs 3, 8, 9, and TIMPs 1 and 2) was 0.821 (95% CI: 0.733-0.909) for diagnosing GC. Also, the 10-factor and 5-factor predictive models had good diagnostic ability for early GC with an AUC of 0.865 (95% CI: 0.753-0.977) and 0.749 (95% CI: 0.600-0.898), respectively. Conclusions The detection of multiple serum MMPs with protein biochip technology is promising to be used as a novel non-invasive tool for facilitating early diagnosis or screening of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Jian Liu, Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Liya Zhou
- Liya Zhou, Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Sanren Lin
- Sanren Lin, Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bei Yao
- Bei Yao, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
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Apatinib Inhibits the Invasion and Metastasis of Liver Cancer Cells by Downregulating MMP-Related Proteins via Regulation of the NF- κB Signaling Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3126182. [PMID: 32685465 PMCID: PMC7322602 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3126182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective We aimed to investigate whether apatinib has an inhibitory effect on the invasion and metastasis of liver cancer in vitro. Methods The anti-invasion and antimetastasis effects of apatinib in HepG2, Hep3B,Huh7 and SMMC-7721 liver cancer cell lines were tested by the wound-healing and transwell invasion assays. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect the influence of apatinib on the gene expression of MMPs, TIMPs, and constituents of the NF-κB signaling pathway in Hep3B and HepG2 liver cell lines. Results Apatinib has a significant inhibitory effect on the metastasis and invasion of liver cancer cells. The expression levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-11, and MMP-16 were downregulated, while the expression levels of TIMP-3 and TIMP-4 were upregulated by apatinib treatment at both the mRNA and protein levels. The phosphorylation of IκBα and NF-κB p65 was significantly reduced compared with that in the control group. Conclusions Apatinib inhibits the invasion and metastasis of human liver cancer cells by downregulating the expression of MMP-related genes. This may be achieved by inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Su P, Ahmad B, Zou K, Zou L. β-Elemene Enhances the Chemotherapeutic Effect of 5-Fluorouracil in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer via PI3K/AKT, RAF-MEK-ErK, and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:5207-5222. [PMID: 32606741 PMCID: PMC7294576 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s242820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The most common chemotherapeutic drug for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment is 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), but its therapeutic index is low due to its toxicity. β-Elemene (ELE) possesses antitumor activity against different cancers, but it has never been used in combination with 5-FU to improve its chemotherapeutic effect against TNBC. Materials and Methods We treated MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells of TNBC with ELE alone, 5-FU alone, or their combination to investigate their treatment effects on cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation. We verified the molecular mechanisms of our results through confocal immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analysis in vitro and in vivo. Results Our result revealed that ELE enhanced the 5-FU effect against cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation through different mechanisms in MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cell lines. In molecular mechanisms, ELE and 5-FU in combination enhances apoptosis in both cell lines through Bl-2 family protein and caspase cascade modulation, thereby inhibiting NF-kB pathway through IKKβ, IKKα, and p65 downregulation in the cytoplasm and p50 and p65 downregulation in the nucleus. ELE and 5-FU in combination regulated the PI3K/AKT pathway through p-AKT, P-85, p110r, p-PDK1, and p110a protein and RAF-MEK-ERK pathway inhibition through the p-c-raf and p-ERK downregulation. The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 or RAF-MEK-ERK inhibitor U0126 in combination with ELE and 5-FU decreased cell viability in both cell lines significantly, thereby showing the involvement of these pathways in cell apoptosis. In mouse xenograft model, ELE and 5-FU in combination inhibited the tumor growth and modulated its molecular markers. Conclusion The conclusion obtained, considering that the results suggest that the combination may be important specifically in the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Su
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Zou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Zou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
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Wang J, Wang C, Li Q, Guo C, Sun W, Zhao D, Jiang S, Hao L, Tian Y, Liu S, Sun MZ. miR-429-CRKL axis regulates clear cell renal cell carcinoma malignant progression through SOS1/MEK/ERK/MMP2/MMP9 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110215. [PMID: 32413671 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis and tumorigenesis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain unclear. The deregulations of miR-429, a member of miR-200 family, and v-crk sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homologue (avian)-like (CRKL), an adaptor protein of CRK family, are involved in the development, metastasis and prognosis of various cancers. Current study aimed to demonstrate the differential expressions of miR-429 and CRKL with their correlationship and molecular regulation mechanism in ccRCC malignancy. miR-429 and CRKL separately showed suppressing and promoting effects in ccRCC. Lower miR-429 expression and higher CRKL expression were negatively correlated in surgical cancerous tissues by promoting the advance of ccRCC. By binding to the 3'-UTR of CRKL, miR-429 reversely regulated CRKL for its functionalities in ccRCC cells. CRKL knockdown and overexpression separately decreased and increased the in vitro migration and invasion of 786-O cells, which were consistent with the influences of miR-429 overexpression and knockdown on 786-O through respectively downregulating and upregulating CRKL via SOS1/MEK/ERK/MMP2/MMP9 pathway. The enhancements of CRKL expression, migration and invasion abilities and SOS1/MEK/ ERK/MMP2/MMP9 activation induced by TGF-β stimulation in 786-O cells could be antagonized by miR-429 overexpression. Exogenous re-expression of CRKL abrogated miR-429 suppression on the migration and invasion of 786-O cells. Collectively, miR-429 deficiency negatively correlated with CRKL overexpression promoted the aggressiveness of cancer cells and advanced the clinical progression of ccRCC patients. miR-429-CRKL axial regulation provides new clues to the fundamental research, diagnosis and treatment of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chengyi Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chunmei Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Weibin Sun
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Dongting Zhao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Sixiong Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Lihong Hao
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yuxiang Tian
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Ming-Zhong Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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Ma X, Zhang W, Jiang Y, Wen J, Wei S, Zhao Y. Paeoniflorin, a Natural Product With Multiple Targets in Liver Diseases-A Mini Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:531. [PMID: 32410996 PMCID: PMC7198866 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin is derived from Paeonia suffruticosa Andr., Paeonia lactiflora Pall., or Paeonia veitchii Lynch and has been used in traditional medical applications for more than 2,000 years. Paeoniflorin is a monoterpenoid glycoside with various effects on liver diseases. Recent studies have revealed that paeoniflorin demonstrates a wide range of activities, including hepatic protection, cholestasis alleviation, liver fibrosis attenuation, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease prevention, and hepatocellular carcinoma inhibition involved in multiple pathways. Moreover, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and immune regulation with the regulation of TLR4-NF-κB, ROCK/NF-κB, HO-1, mitochondria-dependent as well as HMGB1‐TLR4 signaling pathways are correlated with hepatic protection in liver injury and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Antioxidative mechanisms, anti-inflammation, and hepatic transporter regulation involved in NOX4, PI3K/Akt/Nrf2, NF‐κB, NTCP, BSEP, as well as MRP2 signals are mainly relevant to the anticholestatic effect of paeoniflorin. The inhibition of hepatic stellate cell activation and alleviation of extracellular matrix deposition via vast signals such as mTOR/HIF-1α, TGF-β1/Smads, and JAK2/STAT6 are primarily involved in the antifibrotic effect of paeoniflorin. The regulation of macrophages also contributes to the alleviation effect on liver fibrosis. In addition, the reduction of invasion, metastasis, and adhesion and the induction of apoptosis-related targets, including Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3, are related to its effect on hepatocellular carcinoma. The literature indicates that paeoniflorin might have potent efficacy in complex liver diseases and demonstrates the profound medicinal value of paeoniflorin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinxiao Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianxia Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shizhang Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Despotović SZ, Milićević ĐN, Krmpot AJ, Pavlović AM, Živanović VD, Krivokapić Z, Pavlović VB, Lević S, Nikolić G, Rabasović MD. Altered organization of collagen fibers in the uninvolved human colon mucosa 10 cm and 20 cm away from the malignant tumor. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6359. [PMID: 32286443 PMCID: PMC7156654 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Remodelling of collagen fibers has been described during every phase of cancer genesis and progression. Changes in morphology and organization of collagen fibers contribute to the formation of microenvironment that favors cancer progression and development of metastasis. However, there are only few data about remodelling of collagen fibers in healthy looking mucosa distant from the cancer. Using SHG imaging, electron microscopy and specialized softwares (CT-FIRE, CurveAlign and FiberFit), we objectively visualized and quantified changes in morphology and organization of collagen fibers and investigated possible causes of collagen remodelling (change in syntheses, degradation and collagen cross-linking) in the colon mucosa 10 cm and 20 cm away from the cancer in comparison with healthy mucosa. We showed that in the lamina propria this far from the colon cancer, there were changes in collagen architecture (width, straightness, alignment of collagen fibers and collagen molecules inside fibers), increased representation of myofibroblasts and increase expression of collagen-remodelling enzymes (LOX and MMP2). Thus, the changes in organization of collagen fibers, which were already described in the cancer microenvironment, also exist in the mucosa far from the cancer, but smaller in magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Z Despotović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Histology and embryology, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Đorđe N Milićević
- Saarland University, Department of Internal Medicine V- Pulmonology, Allergology, Intensive Care Medicine, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Zoran Krivokapić
- Clinic for Abdominal Surgery- First surgical clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Steva Lević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gorana Nikolić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Belgrade, Serbia
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Dundar B, Markwell SM, Sharma NV, Olson CL, Mukherjee S, Brat DJ. Methods for in vitro modeling of glioma invasion: Choosing tools to meet the need. Glia 2020; 68:2173-2191. [PMID: 32134155 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Widespread tumor cell invasion is a fundamental property of diffuse gliomas and is ultimately responsible for their poor prognosis. A greater understanding of basic mechanisms underlying glioma invasion is needed to provide insights into therapies that could potentially counteract them. While none of the currently available in vitro models can fully recapitulate the complex interactions of glioma cells within the brain tumor microenvironment, if chosen and developed appropriately, these models can provide controlled experimental settings to study molecular and cellular phenomena that are challenging or impossible to model in vivo. Therefore, selecting the most appropriate in vitro model, together with its inherent advantages and limitations, for specific hypotheses and experimental questions achieves primary significance. In this review, we describe and discuss commonly used methods for modeling and studying glioma invasion in vitro, including platforms, matrices, cell culture, and visualization techniques, so that choices for experimental approach are informed and optimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilge Dundar
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Steven M Markwell
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nitya V Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Cheryl L Olson
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Subhas Mukherjee
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniel J Brat
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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58
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Audsley KM, McDonnell AM, Waithman J. Cross-Presenting XCR1 + Dendritic Cells as Targets for Cancer Immunotherapy. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030565. [PMID: 32121071 PMCID: PMC7140519 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of dendritic cells (DCs) to generate effective anti-tumor T cell immunity has garnered much attention over the last thirty-plus years. Despite this, limited clinical benefit has been demonstrated thus far. There has been a revival of interest in DC-based treatment strategies following the remarkable patient responses observed with novel checkpoint blockade therapies, due to the potential for synergistic treatment. Cross-presenting DCs are recognized for their ability to prime CD8+ T cell responses to directly induce tumor death. Consequently, they are an attractive target for next-generation DC-based strategies. In this review, we define the universal classification system for cross-presenting DCs, and the vital role of this subset in mediating anti-tumor immunity. Furthermore, we will detail methods of targeting these DCs both ex vivo and in vivo to boost their function and drive effective anti-tumor responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M. Audsley
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth Children’s Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence: (K.M.A.); (A.M.M.); (J.W.); Tel.: +61-08-6319-1198 (K.M.A); +61-08-6319-1744 (J.W.)
| | - Alison M. McDonnell
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth Children’s Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence: (K.M.A.); (A.M.M.); (J.W.); Tel.: +61-08-6319-1198 (K.M.A); +61-08-6319-1744 (J.W.)
| | - Jason Waithman
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth Children’s Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence: (K.M.A.); (A.M.M.); (J.W.); Tel.: +61-08-6319-1198 (K.M.A); +61-08-6319-1744 (J.W.)
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He J, Yin P, Xu K. Effect and Molecular Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Tumor Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:907-919. [PMID: 32184560 PMCID: PMC7053810 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s223646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used as a significant cancer treatment method for many years in China. It has been demonstrated that TCM could assist in inhibiting the growth of tumors and prolonging the survival rates of cancer patients. Although the mechanism of TCM are still not clear, accumulating evidence has shown that they may be related to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a significant role in TME and are polarized to two phenotypes, M1 (classically activated) and M2 (alternatively activated) TAMs. The two different phenotypes of TAMs play converse roles in the TME and M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) always lead to poor prognosis in cancer patients compared to M1-polarized tumor-associated macrophages (M1-TAMs). In this review, the potential correlation between TCM and TAMs (especially the M2 phenotype) in tumor progression and promising TCM strategies targeting TAMs in cancer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peihao Yin
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medicine University, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Xu
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medicine University, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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A Review of the Structure-Activity Relationship of Natural and Synthetic Antimetastatic Compounds. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010138. [PMID: 31947704 PMCID: PMC7022821 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There are innumerable anticancer compounds derived from either natural or synthetic origins. Many of these compounds have been further developed through structural modifications to not only inhibit cancer cell growth but also to exert an antimetastatic effect. This is achieved by attaching different substituents to generate different structure—activity relationships. This review highlights the effectiveness of different functional groups known to have antimigration and antiproliferation activities, such as fluoro, methoxy, methyl, amino, hydroxy, nitro, bromo, chloro, methylamino, ethoxy, carbonyl, iodo, and trifluoromethyl groups. Additionally, the positioning of these functional groups plays an important role in their anticancer activities, which was evident in one of our studies comparing analogues of a natural compound. Thus, this review suggests future recommendations for the design and development of improved anticancer drugs with higher efficacy.
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Becker HM. Carbonic anhydrase IX and acid transport in cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:157-167. [PMID: 31819195 PMCID: PMC7051959 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0642-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in tumour metabolism and acid/base regulation result in the formation of a hostile environment, which fosters tumour growth and metastasis. Acid/base homoeostasis in cancer cells is governed by the concerted interplay between carbonic anhydrases (CAs) and various transport proteins, which either mediate proton extrusion or the shuttling of acid/base equivalents, such as bicarbonate and lactate, across the cell membrane. Accumulating evidence suggests that some of these transporters interact both directly and functionally with CAIX to form a protein complex coined the 'transport metabolon'. Transport metabolons formed between bicarbonate transporters and CAIX require CA catalytic activity and have a function in cancer cell migration and invasion. Another type of transport metabolon is formed by CAIX and monocarboxylate transporters. In this complex, CAIX functions as a proton antenna for the transporter, which drives the export of lactate and protons from the cell. Since CAIX is almost exclusively expressed in cancer cells, these transport metabolons might serve as promising targets to interfere with tumour pH regulation and energy metabolism. This review provides an overview of the current state of research on the function of CAIX in tumour acid/base transport and discusses how CAIX transport metabolons could be exploited in modern cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger M Becker
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, D-30559, Hannover, Germany.
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Kotronis K, Zafrakas M, Papasozomenou P, Timologou A, Miliaras D, Tarlatzis BC, Grimbizis G. Protein expression pattern of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3) in endometriosis and normal endometrium. Gynecol Endocrinol 2019; 35:1103-1106. [PMID: 31185764 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2019.1625880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the involvement of different extracellular matrix (ECM) metalloproteinases (MMPs) in endometriosis, the protein expression pattern of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3) was analyzed in this study in endometriosis and normal endometrium. Tissue samples were collected prospectively from 64 premenopausal patients undergoing operative laparoscopy. Protein expression of TIMP3 was analyzed immunohistochemically in endometriotic lesions (n = 30) and normal eutopic endometrium from patients with (n = 35) and without (n = 29) endometriosis. Comparison between the three different groups of tissue samples showed that TIMP3 was differentially expressed between the three groups (p = .04). Pair-wise comparisons showed that TIMP3 expression was lower in endometriotic lesions as compared with normal eutopic endometrium from controls (p = .006); the same non-significant trend was found, in the comparison between endometriosis lesions and matched eutopic endometrium. There were no differences in TIMP3 expression in the normal eutopic endometrium between patients with and without endometriosis. In conclusion, TIMP3 seems to be involved in the pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and maintenance of endometriosis and it might be useful as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of endometriosis. Future studies should further investigate this issue, as well as the interplay between TIMPs and different extracellular MMPs in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Kotronis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Menelaos Zafrakas
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- School of Health and Medical Care, αlexander τechnological εducational ιnstitute of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panayiota Papasozomenou
- School of Health and Medical Care, αlexander τechnological εducational ιnstitute of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anna Timologou
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimosthenis Miliaras
- Laboratory of Histology & Embryology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Basil C Tarlatzis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Grigorios Grimbizis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Shi L, Liu H, Wang Y, Chong Y, Wang J, Liu G, Zhang X, Chen X, Li H, Niu M, Liang J, Yu R, Liu X. SWAP-70 promotes glioblastoma cellular migration and invasion by regulating the expression of CD44s. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:305. [PMID: 31832018 PMCID: PMC6873484 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Switch-associated protein 70 (SWAP-70) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that is involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement and regulation of migration and invasion of malignant tumors. However, the mechanism by which SWAP-70 regulates the migration and invasion of glioblastoma (GB) cells has not been fully elucidated. METHODS This study used an online database to analyze the relationship between SWAP-70 expression and prognosis in GB patients. The in vitro wound healing assay and transwell invasion assay were used to determine the role of SWAP-70 in GB cell migration and invasion as well as the underlying mechanism. RESULTS We found that patients with high SWAP-70 expression in the GB had a poor prognosis. Downregulation of SWAP-70 inhibited GB cell migration and invasion, whereas SWAP-70 overexpression had an opposite effect. Interestingly, SWAP-70 expression was positively correlated with the expression of the standard form of CD44 (CD44s) in GB tissues. Downregulation of SWAP-70 also reduced CD44s protein expression, whereas SWAP-70 overexpression enhanced CD44s protein expression. However, downregulation of SWAP-70 expression did not affect the mRNA expression of CD44s. Reversal experiments showed that overexpressing CD44s in cell lines with downregulated SWAP-70 partially abolished the inhibitory effects of downregulated SWAP-70 on GB cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that SWAP-70 may promote GB cell migration and invasion by regulating the expression of CD44s. SWAP-70 may serve as a new biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for GB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Shi
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Huize Liu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Yulong Chong
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
- Nanjing Durm Tower Hospital Group, Suqian City People’s Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu China
| | - Jie Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Guanzheng Liu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Huan Li
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Mingshan Niu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
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Yeow YL, Kotamraju VR, Wang X, Chopra M, Azme N, Wu J, Schoep TD, Delaney DS, Feindel K, Li J, Kennedy KM, Allen WM, Kennedy BF, Larma I, Sampson DD, Mahakian LM, Fite BZ, Zhang H, Friman T, Mann AP, Aziz FA, Kumarasinghe MP, Johansson M, Ee HC, Yeoh G, Mou L, Ferrara KW, Billiran H, Ganss R, Ruoslahti E, Hamzah J. Immune-mediated ECM depletion improves tumour perfusion and payload delivery. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:e10923. [PMID: 31709774 PMCID: PMC6895610 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201910923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
High extracellular matrix (ECM) content in solid cancers impairs tumour perfusion and thus access of imaging and therapeutic agents. We have devised a new approach to degrade tumour ECM, which improves uptake of circulating compounds. We target the immune‐modulating cytokine, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), to tumours using a newly discovered peptide ligand referred to as CSG. This peptide binds to laminin–nidogen complexes in the ECM of mouse and human carcinomas with little or no peptide detected in normal tissues, and it selectively delivers a recombinant TNFα‐CSG fusion protein to tumour ECM in tumour‐bearing mice. Intravenously injected TNFα‐CSG triggered robust immune cell infiltration in mouse tumours, particularly in the ECM‐rich zones. The immune cell influx was accompanied by extensive ECM degradation, reduction in tumour stiffness, dilation of tumour blood vessels, improved perfusion and greater intratumoral uptake of the contrast agents gadoteridol and iron oxide nanoparticles. Suppressed tumour growth and prolonged survival of tumour‐bearing mice were observed. These effects were attainable without the usually severe toxic side effects of TNFα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Ling Yeow
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Xiao Wang
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Meenu Chopra
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Nasibah Azme
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jiansha Wu
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Derek S Delaney
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kirk Feindel
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation & Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ji Li
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kelsey M Kennedy
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Wes M Allen
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Brendan F Kennedy
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Irma Larma
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation & Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - David D Sampson
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation & Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lisa M Mahakian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Brett Z Fite
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Tomas Friman
- Cancer Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Aman P Mann
- Cancer Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Farah A Aziz
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | | | - Hooi C Ee
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - George Yeoh
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lingjun Mou
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Katherine W Ferrara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Hector Billiran
- Cancer Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ruth Ganss
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Erkki Ruoslahti
- Cancer Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Juliana Hamzah
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Liu H, Zhang W, Wang L, Zhang Z, Xiong W, Zhang L, Fu T, Li X, Chen Y, Liu Y. GLI1 is increased in ovarian endometriosis and regulates migration, invasion and proliferation of human endometrial stromal cells in endometriosis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:663. [PMID: 31930064 PMCID: PMC6944576 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.10.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a benign gynecological disorder which shares certain characteristics with malignant tumor like migration, invasion and proliferation. Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (GLI1) has been implicated in some cancers including endometrial cancer, however, its role in endometriosis remains unknown. METHODS The aim of this study was to explore the expression pattern of GLI1 in endometriosis, and further investigate the effect of GLI1 regulation on human endometrial stromal cells. The expression of GLI1 in normal endometrium and ectopic tissues was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The Short hairpin RNA (ShRNA) intervention technique and GLI1 inhibitor GANT-61 were used to silence GLI1. The expression levels of GLI1, MMP2 and MMP9 was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. The migration and invasion ability of human endometrial stromal cells was determined by wound healing assay and transwell migration/invasion assay. The viability and proliferation potentiality of cells was detected by MTT assays and colony formation assay, respectively. RESULTS We found that the expression of GLI1 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in ectopic endometrium from patients with endometriosis. Our analyses also show that GLI1 downregulation attenuated cells migration, invasion and proliferation abilities. What's more, reduced expression of GLI1 inhibited the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that high levels of GLI1 may contribute to the development of endometriosis by promoting cell migration, invasion and proliferation involving regulation of MMP2 and MMP9 expression. Therefore, inhibition of GLI1 might be a novel potential therapeutic approach to the treatment of endometriosis, which sheds new light on our understanding of the pathogenesis of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengwei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430032, China
| | - Zhibing Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Wenqian Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Tian Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaoou Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yaobing Chen
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Kim TH, Heo SJ, Ko SC, Park WS, Choi IW, Yi M, Jung WK. Indole‑6‑carboxaldehyde isolated from Sargassum thunbergii inhibits the expression and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase‑9. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1979-1987. [PMID: 31432146 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sargassum thunbergii is a brown alga from which various bioactive compounds can be extracted. Among these, the activities of indole derivatives, particularly as potential inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and their underlying mechanisms have been rarely investigated. Therefore, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of indole‑6‑carboxaldehyde (I6CA) on MMP‑9 by gelatin zymography and western blot anlaysis. We used phorbol 12‑myristate 13‑acetate (PMA), which is known to induce MMP‑9 expression and secretion, to stimulate HT1080 cells. Our results revealed that I6CA significantly inhibited MMP‑9 expression and secretion, without significantly affecting the viability of PMA‑stimulated HT1080 cells. Our mechanistic studies indicated that I6CA suppressed the phosphorylation and activation of two mitogen‑activated protein kinases (MAPKs), c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK). Furthermore, I6CA inhibited the phosphorylation of inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) in response to PMA stimulation, which suppressed nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) p65 subunit nuclear translocation. Collectively, I6CA was determined to suppress MMP‑9 expression and secretion, and effects were proposed to be mediated via the inhibition of the MAPK and NF‑κB p65 pathways. Therefore, we suggested I6CA to be a potential therapeutic agent for MMP‑9‑related processes, including tumor invasion and metastasis; however, further investigation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine‑Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Heo
- Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research and Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jeju 63349, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Chun Ko
- National Marine Bio‑Resources and Information Center, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seochun, Chungcheongnam 33662, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Whan Choi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Myunggi Yi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine‑Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine‑Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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67
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Down-regulation of RalGTPase-Activating Protein Promotes Colitis-Associated Cancer via NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 9:277-293. [PMID: 31622786 PMCID: PMC6957823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Ral guanosine triphosphatase-activating protein α2 (RalGAPα2) is the major catalytic subunit of the negative regulators of the small guanosine triphosphatase Ral, a member of the Ras subfamily. Ral regulates tumorigenesis and invasion/metastasis of some cancers; however, the role of Ral in colitis-associated cancer (CAC) has not been investigated. We aimed to elucidate the role of Ral in the mechanism of CAC. METHODS We used wild-type (WT) mice and RalGAPα2 knockout (KO) mice that showed Ral activation, and bone marrow chimeric mice were generated as follows: WT to WT, WT to RalGAPα2 KO, RalGAPα2 KO to WT, and RalGAPα2 KO to RalGAPα2 KO mice. CAC was induced in these mice by intraperitoneal injection of azoxymethane followed by dextran sulfate sodium intake. Intestinal epithelial cells were isolated from colon tissues, and we performed complementary DNA microarray analysis. Cytokine expression in normal colon tissues and CAC was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Bone marrow chimeric mice showed that immune cell function between WT mice and RalGAPα2 KO mice was not significantly different in the CAC mechanism. RalGAPα2 KO mice had a significantly larger tumor number and size and a significantly higher proportion of tumors invading the submucosa than WT mice. Higher expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and matrix metalloproteinase-13 were observed in RalGAPα2 KO mice than in WT mice. The expression levels of interleukin 1β, NLRP3, apoptosis associated speck-like protein containing a CARD, and caspase-1 were apparently increased in the tumors of RalGAPα2 KO mice compared with WT mice. NLRP3 inhibitor reduced the number of invasive tumors. CONCLUSIONS Ral activation participates in the mechanism of CAC development via NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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68
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Zhang H, Yang Q, Lian X, Jiang P, Cui J. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) Promotes Hypoxia-Induced Invasion and Metastasis in Ovarian Cancer by Targeting Matrix Metallopeptidase 13 (MMP13). Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:7202-7208. [PMID: 31587013 PMCID: PMC6777377 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia promotes cancer progression. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) has been reported to enhance tumor invasion and metastasis via activating downstream genes, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The purpose of this study was to explore the probable roles of HIF-1α and MMP13 in the invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer under hypoxic conditions. Material/Methods The expression of HIF-1α and MMP13 protein were detected with immunohistochemistry staining in ovarian cancer tissues, metastatic lesions, and normal fallopian tissues. Ovarian cancer A2780 cells were cultured under normoxic condition and hypoxic condition. mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1α and MMP13 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. The effects of siRNA against HIF-1α on MMP13 expression were examined by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Transwell invasion assays were performed to test the invasive ability of A2780 cells. Results Immunohistochemistry staining showed significantly higher expression of HIF-1α and MMP13 protein in ovarian cancer tissues and metastatic lesions than in normal fallopian tissues. HIF-1α and MMP13 expression were closely related. After exposure to hypoxia, mRNA and protein levels of HIF-1α and MMP13 were upregulated. siRNA effectively inhibited HIF-1α expression and MMP13 expression. The number of invading A2780 cells decreased after HIF-1α was silenced. Conclusions This study suggests that HIF-1α promotes ovarian cancer cell invasion through a MMP13 mechanism. It might be an effective strategy targeting HIF-1α - MMP13 to inhibit invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Qingju Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xuanye Lian
- Qilu Medical Department, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Ping Jiang
- Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Cui
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).,Department of Pathology, ShanDong Provincial QianFoShan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
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69
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Zhu L, Yu CL, Zheng Y. NSD2 inhibition suppresses metastasis in cervical cancer by promoting TGF-β/TGF-βRI/SMADs signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:489-496. [PMID: 31526565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms revealing cervical cancer progression remain unclear. NSD2 belongs to the NSD family of histone lysine methyltransferases (HMTases), and is a histone methyltransferase that regulates dimethylation of histone 3 lysine 36 (H3K36me2). In this study, we explored the effects of NSD2 on the tumorigenesis and metastasis in cervical cancer. We found that NSD2 exhibited a pattern of gradual up-regulation from normal cervix (NC) to cervical carcinoma in situ (CIS) and then to invasive cervical cancer (ICC). NSD2 knockdown markedly reduced the cervical cancer cell proliferation. Loss of function assay in vitro suggested that NSD2 deletion markedly prevented the cervical cancer cell migration and invasion. Consistently, the in vivo results demonstrated that NSD2 knockdown not only reduced tumor growth, but also prevented the development of tumor metastasis. In addition, NSD2 knockdown clearly reduced the expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), TGF-βRI, phosphorylated SMAD2 and SMAD3 in cervical cancer cells, accompanied with the decreased expression of genes that promoted tumor metastasis. Importantly, we found that NSD2 knockdown-regulated expression levels of metastasis-associated genes were reversed by TGF-β1 incubation. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that NSD2-modulated activation of TGF-β1/TGF-βRI/SMADs signaling pathway was crucial for cervical cancer progression, which might be a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome metastasis in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Chun-Ling Yu
- Department of Gynecological Clinic, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, DaQing, Heilongjiang, 163000, China
| | - Yuwei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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70
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Wang H, Zhan M, Liu Q, Wang J. Glycochenodeoxycholate promotes the metastasis of gallbladder cancer cells by inducing epithelial to mesenchymal transition via activation of SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:1615-1623. [PMID: 31347168 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of gallbladder cancer (GBC) is relatively rare but a high degree of malignancy. The migration and invasion potential of GBC severely affects the prognosis of patients with GBC. Glycochenodeoxycholate (GCDC) is one of the most important components in GBC-associated microenvironment. However, the role of GCDC in the metastatic feature of GBC cells is not fully understood. First, the results of this study found that GCDC could effectively enhance the metastasis of GBC cells. Furthermore, GCDC could lead to the enhancement of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype in GBC cells, which is concerned to be an important mechanism of tumor metastasis. Further studies showed that GCDC treatment induced the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3), MMP9, and SOCS3/JAK2/p-STAT3 signal pathway in GBC cells, which could regulate the level of EMT. Beside that, we also found the positive expression of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in GBC cells and inhibition of FXR could significantly block the effect of GCDC on the metastasis of GBC cells. These results indicated that GCDC promoted GBC cells metastasis by enhancing the level of EMT and inhibition of FXR could significantly block the effect of GCDC. On one hand, FXR might be an indicator for predicting the metastasis of patient with GBC. On the other hand, FXR might serve as a potential antimetastasis target in GBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhan
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Kohno T, Konno T, Kojima T. Role of Tricellular Tight Junction Protein Lipolysis-Stimulated Lipoprotein Receptor (LSR) in Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3555. [PMID: 31330820 PMCID: PMC6679224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining a robust epithelial barrier requires the accumulation of tight junction proteins, LSR/angulin-1 and tricellulin, at the tricellular contacts. Alterations in the localization of these proteins temporarily cause epithelial barrier dysfunction, which is closely associated with not only physiological differentiation but also cancer progression and metastasis. In normal human endometrial tissues, the endometrial cells undergo repeated proliferation and differentiation under physiological conditions. Recent observations have revealed that the localization and expression of LSR/angulin-1 and tricellulin are altered in a menstrual cycle-dependent manner. Moreover, it has been shown that endometrial cancer progression affects these alterations. This review highlights the differences in the localization and expression of tight junction proteins in normal endometrial cells and endometrial cancers and how they cause functional changes in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Kohno
- Department of Cell Science, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.
| | - Takumi Konno
- Department of Cell Science, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Department of Cell Science, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
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Gao Y, Nan X, Shi X, Mu X, Liu B, Zhu H, Yao B, Liu X, Yang T, Hu Y, Liu S. SREBP1 promotes the invasion of colorectal cancer accompanied upregulation of MMP7 expression and NF-κB pathway activation. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:685. [PMID: 31299935 PMCID: PMC6626379 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5904-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), an intracellular cholesterol sensor located in the endoplasmic reticulum, regulates the intracellular cholesterol by the Insig-Srebp-Scap pathway. Over-expression of SREBP1 can cause dyslipidemia. SREBP1 can regulate the metabolic pathway, and then promote the proliferation of tumor cells. However, there is no relevant research of metastasis and invasion in the field of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Expression of SREBP1 was manipulated in CRC cell lines with low and high level SREBP1 expression by transfectiong with plasmids containing the SREBP1 gene, or by shRNA. The effect of SREBP1 on cell migration was assayed. The expression of SREBP1, p65 and MMP7 were detected by western blot. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell was used for detection of angiogenesis by adding the culture supernatant from HT29 and SW620. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by Dihydroethidium (DHE) staining. NF-κB inhibitor SN50 was used to test the relationship of SREBP1, NF-κB pathway and MMP7. RESULTS We found that the expression of SREBP1 in colon adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that in noncancerous tissues, especially in the invasive tumor front including tumor budding. In vitro, SREBP1 over-expressed in colon cancer cell lines HT29 promoted angiogenesis in endothelial cells, increased ROS levels, phosphorylation of NF-κB-p65 and increases MMP7 expression. The effect of SREBP1 on expression of MMP7 was lost following treatment with the NF-κB inhibitor SN50. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that SREBP1 can promote the invasion and metastasis of CRC cells by means of promoting the expression of MMP7 related to phosphorylation of p65.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Gao
- The Department of Radiotherapy, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- The Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Xianxiu Nan
- The Department of Radiotherapy, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinjue Shi
- The Department of Radiotherapy, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqin Mu
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Binbin Liu
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huifen Zhu
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bingqing Yao
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianyue Yang
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yiting Hu
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shulin Liu
- Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Qin H, Yu H, Sheng J, Zhang D, Shen N, Liu L, Tang Z, Chen X. PI3Kgamma Inhibitor Attenuates Immunosuppressive Effect of Poly(l-Glutamic Acid)-Combretastatin A4 Conjugate in Metastatic Breast Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1900327. [PMID: 31380170 PMCID: PMC6662090 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) have great potential for cancer treatment. Poly(l-glutamic acid)-combretastatin A4 conjugate (PLG-CA4) is a novel class of VDAs. Though it has notable antitumor activity, it can induce host immune responses that promote tumor growth. Here, PLG-CA4 induces the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) toward the M2-like phenotype in 4T1 metastatic breast cancer (Control 30% vs PLG-CA4 53%; p < 0.05). Compared to the monotherapy of PLG-CA4, inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) attenuates the immunosuppressive effect of PLG-CA4 treatment by decreasing the number of M2-like TAMs (2.0 × 104 to 1.5 × 104 per tumor) and potential enhancement of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (3.0 × 104 to 5.7 × 104 per tumor). Importantly, PI3Kγ inhibitor synergizing with PLG-CA4 significantly extends the mean survival time from 52 days in monotherapy-treated mice to 61.8 days. Additionally, the combination of PLG-CA4 and PI3Kγ inhibitor improves the tumor therapeutic effect of NLG919, an inhibitor of immune checkpoint indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). As far as it is known, this is the first demonstrated study that VDAs induce the reshaping of macrophages to the M2-like phenotype. The findings also indicate a potential therapeutic strategy of the combination VDAs with an accurate immune modifier in the tumor to reverse the immune resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjiao Qin
- Department of Radiotherapythe Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130041P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P. R. China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering LaboratoryChangchun130022P. R. China
| | - Jiyao Sheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgerythe Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130041P. R. China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P. R. China
| | - Na Shen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P. R. China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering LaboratoryChangchun130022P. R. China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Department of Radiotherapythe Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130041P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P. R. China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering LaboratoryChangchun130022P. R. China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer EcomaterialsChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022P. R. China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering LaboratoryChangchun130022P. R. China
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Chien MH, Lin YW, Wen YC, Yang YC, Hsiao M, Chang JL, Huang HC, Lee WJ. Targeting the SPOCK1-snail/slug axis-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by apigenin contributes to repression of prostate cancer metastasis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:246. [PMID: 31182131 PMCID: PMC6558790 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1247-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is considered one of the most prevalent malignancy globally, and metastasis is a major cause of death. Apigenin (API) is a dietary flavonoid which exerts an antimetastatic effect in various cancer types. Sparc/osteonectin, cwcv, and kazal-like domains proteoglycan 1 (SPOCK1) is a crucial modulator of tumor growth and metastasis in cancers. However, the role and underlying regulatory mechanisms of SPOCK1 in the API-mediated antimetastatic effects of PCa remain unclear. Methods MTS, colony formation, wound-healing, and transwell assays were conducted to evaluate the effects of API on PCa cell proliferative, migratory, and invasive potentials. In vivo orthotopic bioluminescent xenograft model were employed to determine antitumor activity of API. PCa cells were transfected with either Snail-, Slug-, SPOCK1-overexpressing vector, or small hairpin (sh)SPOCK1 to determine the invasive abilities and expression levels of SPOCK1 and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers in response to API treatment. Immunohistochemical (IHC) assays were carried out to evaluate the expression level of SPOCK1 in PCa xenografts and a PCa tissue array. Associations of SPOCK1 expression with clinicopathological features and prognoses of patients with PCa were analyzed by GEO or TCGA RNA-sequencing data. Results API significantly suppressed in vitro PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibited in vivo PCa tumor growth and metastasis. Moreover, survival times of animals were also prolonged after API treatment. Mechanistic studies revealed that API treatment resulted in downregulation of SPOCK1, which was accompanied by reduced expressions of mesenchymal markers and subsequent attenuation of invasive abilities of PCa cells. Overexpression of SPOCK1 in PCa xenografts resulted in significant promotion of tumor progression and relieved the anticancer activities induced by API, whereas knockdown of SPOCK1 had opposite effects. In clinical, SPOCK1 levels were higher in tumor tissues compared to non-tumor tissues, which was also significantly correlated with shorter disease-free survival in PCa patients. Conclusions Levels of SPOCK1 increase with the progression of human PCa which suggests that SPOCK1 may act as a prognostic marker or therapeutic target for patients with PCa. Suppression of SPOCK1-mediated EMT signaling contributes to the antiproliferative and antimetastatic activities of API in vitro and in vivo. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1247-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital,
- Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Wei Lin
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Wen
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Yang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Junn-Liang Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Biomedical Engineering Department, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Ching Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Ghasabi M, Majidi J, Mansoori B, Mohammadi A, Shomali N, Shirafkan N, Baghbani E, Kazemi T, Baradaran B. The effect of combined miR‐200c replacement and cisplatin on apoptosis induction and inhibition of gastric cancer cell line migration. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22581-22592. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Ghasabi
- Immunology Research Center TabrizUniversity of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Jafar Majidi
- Immunology Research Center TabrizUniversity of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center TabrizUniversity of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute for Molecular Medicine University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
- Student Research Committee Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Aging Research Institute, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Navid Shomali
- Immunology Research Center TabrizUniversity of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Naghmeh Shirafkan
- Immunology Research Center TabrizUniversity of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Elham Baghbani
- Immunology Research Center TabrizUniversity of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Tohid Kazemi
- Immunology Research Center TabrizUniversity of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center TabrizUniversity of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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Chen Z, Wu G, Ye F, Chen G, Fan Q, Dong H, Zhu X, Wu C. High expression of MMP19 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:448. [PMID: 31088409 PMCID: PMC6518766 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5673-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Matrix metalloproteinase 19 (MMP19) is a member of zinc-dependent endopeptidases, which have been involved in various physiological and pathological processes. Its expression has been demonstrated in some types of cancers, but the clinical significance of MMP19 in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been reported. Thus, we aimed to analyze the clinical significance of MMP19 in CRC in present study. Methods The expression of MMP19 was first explored in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort, and then validated in the GSE39582 cohort and our own database. Clinicopathological features and survival rate were also investigated. Results MMP19 was found to be a predictor for overall survival (OS) in both univariate (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.449, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.108–1.893, P = 0.007) and multivariate survival analyses (HR: 1.401, 95% CI: 1.036–1.894, P = 0.028) in the TCGA database. MMP19 was further validated as an independent factor for recurrence free survival in the GSE39582 database by both univariate analysis (HR: 2.061, 95%CI: 1.454–2.921, P < 0.001) and multivariate analysis (HR = 1.470, 95% CI: 1.025–2.215, P = 0.032). In an in-house cohort, MMP19 was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues when compared with their adjacent normal controls (P < 0.001). Ectopic MMP19 expression was positively associated with lymph node metastases (P = 0.029), intramural vascular invasion (P = 0.015) and serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels (P = 0.045). High MMP19 expression correlated with a shorter OS (HR = 5.595; 95% CI: 2.573–12.164; P < 0.001) and disease free survival (HR = 4.699; 95% CI: 2.461–8.974; P < 0.001) in multivariate cox regression analysis. Conclusions Expression of MMP19 was upregulated in CRC. High expression of MMP19 was determined to be an independent and poor prognostic factor in CRC. These results suggest that MMP19 may be a good biomarker for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiping Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guiyang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fubo Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guoping Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qinghao Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiongwen Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Chongshan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Ruan JS, Zhou H, Yang L, Wang L, Jiang ZS, Sun H, Wang SM. Ursolic Acid Attenuates TGF-β1-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in NSCLC by Targeting Integrin αVβ5/MMPs Signaling. Oncol Res 2019; 27:593-600. [PMID: 28911340 PMCID: PMC7848462 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x15051723858706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may contribute to tumor metastasis. TGF-β1-induced EMT in H1975 cells (a human NSCLC cell line) resulted in the adoption of mesenchymal responses that were predominantly mediated via the TGF-β1-integrin signaling pathway. Ursolic acid has been previously reported to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in several cancers. However, whether ursolic acid can attenuate TGF-β1-induced EMT in H1975 cells and its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, ursolic acid significantly attenuated the TGF-β1-induced decrease in E-cadherin level and elevated the level of N-cadherin. Furthermore, ursolic acid inhibited the mesenchymal-like responses in H1975 cells, including cell migration, invasion, and activity of matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-2 and -9. Finally, our new findings provided evidence that ursolic acid could inhibit EMT in NSCLC through TGF-β1 signaling pathway-mediated integrin αVβ5 expression, and this might be the potential mechanism of resveratrol on the inhibition of invasion and metastases in NSCLC. We conclude that ursolic acid attenuated TGF-β1-induced EMT in H1975 cells and thus might be a promising therapeutic agent for treating NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shan Ruan
- *Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, P.R. China
- †Molecular Biology Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhou
- *Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Lin Yang
- ‡Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- *Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Zong Sheng Jiang
- §The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Hong Sun
- *Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Shao Ming Wang
- *Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, P.R. China
- †Molecular Biology Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, P.R. China
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Sun J, Zheng Z, Chen Q, Pan Y, Lu H, Zhang H, Yu Y, Dai Y. NRF3 suppresses breast cancer cell metastasis and cell proliferation and is a favorable predictor of survival in breast cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3019-3030. [PMID: 31114245 PMCID: PMC6489644 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s197409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related death in breast cancer. However, our understanding of its mechanisms is still limited. At this study, the biological roles and clinical significance of NRF3 (NFE2L3, nuclear factor, Erythroid 2 Like 3) in breast cancer are evaluated for the first time. Methods: NRF3 expression in breast cancer cell lines and clinical specimens was determined by western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, cell migration, and invasion were detected by MTT, colony formation, flow cytometry, and transwell assays, respectively. All other proteins were measured by western blot. The clinical significance of NRF3 was analyzed using the data from tissue microarray. Results: We found that NRF3 expression was obviously suppressed in breast cancer tissues, and negatively associated with the Lymph node metastasis status and tumor stages. Our data also indicated NRF3 expression was much higher in MCF-7 cells than that in MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3 cells which were more malignant. Silence of NRF3 in MCF-7 cells could significantly promote cell proliferation by reducing the cell number in the G0/G1 phase. Exogenous expression of NRF3 in SKBR3 and MDA-MB-231 cells effectively inhibited both cell growth and metastasis with epithelial–mesenchymal transition and MMPs expression suppressed. NRF3 overexpression also impaired the ID3 expression by inactivating the AKT signaling pathway. Exogenous expression of ID3 could not only effectively promote breast cancer cell invasion by inhibiting E-cadherin expression and upregulating MMP-2 expression, but also attenuated the inhibitory function of NRF3 on the breast cancer cell invasion. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that NRF3 inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis via inhibiting AKT/ID3 axis at least partially, and potentially to be a valuable clinic marker in breast cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibao Zheng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Chen
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Pan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongsheng Lu
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingzhi Yu
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuechu Dai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Isoliquiritigenin suppresses the proliferation and induced apoptosis via miR-32/LATS2/Wnt in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 856:172352. [PMID: 31004603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma is limited by the various severe side-effects and surgery is rarely performed. Iosliquiritigenin has a series of biological activities, such as antiviral, anti-free radical and antitumor. However, the role and underlying mechanism of isoliquiritigenin in nasopharyngeal carcinoma have not been understood yet. Herein, the results revealed that isoliquiritigenin could inhibit cell proliferation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines, including C666-1 and CNE2, in both Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. In addition, isoliquiritigenin promoted nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell apoptosis, with the up-regulations of Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 and the down-regulation of Bcl-2. Meanwhile, isoliquiritigenin suppressed nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells migration and invasion with the down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. Furthermore, the expression of miR-32 was up-regulated in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues, while isoliquiritigenin could significantly down-regulate the expression of miR-32. And over-expression of miR-32 promoted the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells growth, migration and invasion, and suppressed apoptosis. However, isoliquiritigenin treatment dramatically inhibited the effect of miR-32. Besides, luciferase reporter assay confirmed that large tumor suppressor 2 (LATS2) was a direct target of miR-32. And isoliquiritigenin increased the expression of LATS2, while silencing of LATS2 promoted the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells growth. Moreover, western blotting discovered that isoliquiritigenin inhibited nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells growth via Wnt signaling pathway. Finally, CNE2 cells transplanted xenografts tumor model in nude mice were performed and it suggested that isoliquiritigenin could inhibit the development of xenografts nude mice, along with the decrease of tumor volume and the expression of miR-32 and LATS2. Overall, isoliquiritigenin was confirmed to be a potent anti-nasopharyngeal carcinoma compound both in vitro and in vivo, and accomplished by regulation of miR-32/LATS2/Wnt.
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Li H, Yang F, Chai L, Zhang L, Li S, Xu Z, Kong L. CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein β-Mediated MMP3 Upregulation Promotes Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer Invasion In Vitro and Is Associated with Metastasis in Human Patients. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019; 23:304-309. [PMID: 30969151 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Metastasis is a significant obstacle to curing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) are thought to play key roles in cancer invasion and metastasis. In this study, we aimed to detect whether C/EBPβ-mediated tumor invasion was dependent on MMP3. In addition, we determined whether C/EBPβ upregulation was associated with MMP3 levels and metastatic status in patients with ESCC. Materials and Methods: A total of 126 patients with ESCC were recruited for this study. The mRNA and protein levels of C/EBPβ and MMP3 in ESCC cell lines and specimens from ESCC patient were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively. Tumor cell invasion was analyzed using an in vitro Matrigel Invasion Assay. The correlation between C/EBPβ and MMP3 expression was determined by Pearson's correlation analysis. Results: Both mRNA and protein levels of MMP3 were upregulated by C/EBPβ overexpression and downregulated by C/EBPβ siRNA in KYSE150 cell cultures. The promotion of ESCC cell invasion through C/EBPβ was inhibited by MMP3 siRNA. The level of C/EBPβ was correlated with MMP3 and metastatic status in patients with ESCC. Conclusions: C/EBPβ upregulation promoted tumor cell invasion in an MMP3-dependent manner in vitro and was associated with metastatic status in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- 1 Department of Oncology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- 2 Department of Computer Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska
| | - Li Chai
- 3 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongxu County People's Hospital, Tongxu, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liguo Zhang
- 4 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xinxiang City Center Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Li
- 5 Department of Molecular Laboratory, Zhengzhou Haipu Medical Laboratory, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziguang Xu
- 6 Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingfei Kong
- 6 Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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Ajona D, Ortiz-Espinosa S, Pio R, Lecanda F. Complement in Metastasis: A Comp in the Camp. Front Immunol 2019; 10:669. [PMID: 31001273 PMCID: PMC6457318 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement system represents a pillar of the innate immune response. This system, critical for host defense against pathogens, encompasses more than 50 soluble, and membrane-bound proteins. Emerging evidence underscores its clinical relevance in tumor progression and its role in metastasis, one of the hallmarks of cancer. The multistep process of metastasis entails the acquisition of advantageous functions required for the formation of secondary tumors. Thus, targeting components of the complement system could impact not only on tumor initiation but also on several crucial steps along tumor dissemination. This novel vulnerability could be concomitantly exploited with current strategies overcoming tumor-mediated immunosuppression to provide a substantial clinical benefit in the treatment of metastatic disease. In this review, we offer a tour d'horizon on recent advances in this area and their prospective potential for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ajona
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sergio Ortiz-Espinosa
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ruben Pio
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fernando Lecanda
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdISNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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82
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Lin J, Chen Z, Huang Z, Chen F, Ye Z, Lin S, Wang W. Effect of T-cadherin on the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, gastric cancer cell cycle, migration and invasion, and its association with patient survival rate. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3607-3613. [PMID: 30988743 PMCID: PMC6447793 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most common types of human cancer and is associated with recurrence and metastasis, despite comprehensive surgical and medical treatment. Previous studies observed downregulation of T-cadherin expression in GC tissues, suggesting that this protein may act as an oncosuppressor. The current study investigated the activity of T-cadherin in GC tissues. In a follow-up study of 81 patients with GC, a Kaplan-Meier analysis of overall survival revealed a strong association of T-cadherin overexpression with increased overall survival (P<0.01). Furthermore, stable T-cadherin-overexpressing cell lines were established from HGC-27 cells via transfection of a pcDNA3.1-T-cadherin plasmid and in vitro growth and cell cycle of these cells were measured using MTT and flow cytometry assays, respectively. MTT assays revealed that proliferation of engineered T-cadherin-overexpressing cells was significantly inhibited and flow cytometry demonstrated that T-cadherin overexpression in HGC-27 cells induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. Transwell assays demonstrated that T-cadherin-overexpressing HGC-27 cells exhibited reduced invasiveness and metastatic potential. Phosphorylated (p)-protein kinase B (AKT) and p-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein levels were reduced in T-cadherin overexpressing HGC-27 cells, suggesting that the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was involved in the gastric tumor inhibitory effect of T-cadherin. Administration of AKT-activator, insulin-like growth factor-1, to T-cadherin-overexpressing HGC-27 cells significantly affected the proliferation phenotype. In conclusion, the current study provided clinical evidence and revealed a potential mechanism supporting that T-cadherin inhibits gastric tumorigenesis through inhibition of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Lin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyao Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Zhijun Huang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Zeyi Ye
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Shaoze Lin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, P.R. China
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83
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Gonzalez-Avila G, Sommer B, Mendoza-Posada DA, Ramos C, Garcia-Hernandez AA, Falfan-Valencia R. Matrix metalloproteinases participation in the metastatic process and their diagnostic and therapeutic applications in cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 137:57-83. [PMID: 31014516 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) participate from the initial phases of cancer onset to the settlement of a metastatic niche in a second organ. Their role in cancer progression is related to their involvement in the extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and in the regulation and processing of adhesion and cytoskeletal proteins, growth factors, chemokines and cytokines. MMPs participation in cancer progression makes them an attractive target for cancer therapy. MMPs have also been used for theranostic purposes in the detection of primary tumor and metastatic tissue in which a particular MMP is overexpressed, to follow up on therapy responses, and in the activation of cancer cytotoxic pro-drugs as part of nano-delivery-systems that increase drug concentration in a specific tumor target. Herein, we review MMPs molecular characteristics, their synthesis regulation and enzymatic activity, their participation in the metastatic process, and how their functions have been used to improve cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Gonzalez-Avila
- Laboratorio Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Bettina Sommer
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Carlos Ramos
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Armando Garcia-Hernandez
- Laboratorio Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ramces Falfan-Valencia
- Laboratorio de HLA, Departamento de Inmunogenética y Alergia, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Mexico City, Mexico
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84
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Shim G, Le QV, Suh J, Choi S, Kim G, Choi HG, Kim YB, Macgregor RB, Oh YK. Sequential activation of anticancer therapy triggered by tumor microenvironment-selective imaging. J Control Release 2019; 298:110-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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85
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Conlon GA, Murray GI. Recent advances in understanding the roles of matrix metalloproteinases in tumour invasion and metastasis. J Pathol 2019; 247:629-640. [DOI: 10.1002/path.5225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guy A Conlon
- Department of PathologyNHS Grampian, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary Aberdeen UK
| | - Graeme I Murray
- Department of Pathology, School of MedicineMedical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen Aberdeen UK
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86
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Kelley LC, Chi Q, Cáceres R, Hastie E, Schindler AJ, Jiang Y, Matus DQ, Plastino J, Sherwood DR. Adaptive F-Actin Polymerization and Localized ATP Production Drive Basement Membrane Invasion in the Absence of MMPs. Dev Cell 2019; 48:313-328.e8. [PMID: 30686527 PMCID: PMC6372315 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are associated with decreased patient prognosis but have failed as anti-invasive drug targets despite promoting cancer cell invasion. Through time-lapse imaging, optical highlighting, and combined genetic removal of the five MMPs expressed during anchor cell (AC) invasion in C. elegans, we find that MMPs hasten invasion by degrading basement membrane (BM). Though irregular and delayed, AC invasion persists in MMP- animals via adaptive enrichment of the Arp2/3 complex at the invasive cell membrane, which drives formation of an F-actin-rich protrusion that physically breaches and displaces BM. Using a large-scale RNAi synergistic screen and a genetically encoded ATP FRET sensor, we discover that mitochondria enrich within the protrusion and provide localized ATP that fuels F-actin network growth. Thus, without MMPs, an invasive cell can alter its BM-breaching tactics, suggesting that targeting adaptive mechanisms will be necessary to mitigate BM invasion in human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Kelley
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Qiuyi Chi
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Rodrigo Cáceres
- CNRS, Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research Université, Paris 75005, France; Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Eric Hastie
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Adam J Schindler
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - David Q Matus
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215, USA
| | - Julie Plastino
- CNRS, Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research Université, Paris 75005, France; Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France
| | - David R Sherwood
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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87
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Choudhry N, Sarmad S, Waheed NUA, Gondal AJ. Estimation of serum matrix metalloproteinases among patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Pak J Med Sci 2019; 35:252-256. [PMID: 30881433 PMCID: PMC6408633 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.35.1.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To estimate the serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and in healthy subjects. Methods In this observational study, biopsy diagnosed oral squamous cell carcinoma patients (n= 38) were recruited from Mayo Hospital, Lahore during 2016 to 2017. Age and gender matched Controls (n= 38) were also included. Venous blood sample of each participant was drawn, serum separated and the levels of matrix metalloproteinases were measured by multiplex ELISA. Results Serum levels of MMP-1, -8, -10, -12 and -13 in OSCC patients showed statistically significant increase as compared to control group (p < 0.01). The MMP-12 predicted the presence of OSCC with highest AUC of 0.836 (95% CI [0.733 to 0.911]) for sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 78.9%, respectively for a cut-off value of 16.13 pg/ml. Conclusions MMP-12 has been found to have significant sensitivity and specificity to qualify as a diagnostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakhshab Choudhry
- Prof. Dr. Nakhshab Choudhry, PhD. Department of Biochemistry, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sana Sarmad
- Dr. Sana Sarmad, MPhil. Department of Biochemistry, Rashid Latif Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Noor Ul Ain Waheed
- Dr. Noor ul Ain Waheed, MPhil. Department of Biochemistry, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Jamal Gondal
- Mr. Aamir Jamal Gondal, MPhil. Department of Biomedical Sciences, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
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88
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Deng Z, Chai J, Zeng Q, Zhang B, Ye T, Chen X, Xu X. The anticancer properties and mechanism of action of tablysin-15, the RGD-containing disintegrin, in breast cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:1155-1167. [PMID: 30660566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
αvβ3 integrin expressed on cancer cell surfaces is associated with important cancer hallmarks including survival and metastasis and is thus a potential anticancer drug target. Tablysin-15 contains the RGD motif and is a high-affinity αvβ3 integrin antagonist. The aim of this study was to investigate the antitumor effect and mechanism of action of tablysin-15 against αvβ3 integrin high-expressing breast cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Tablysin-15 dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of two breast cancer cell lines via the αvβ3 integrin in vitro. Proliferation inhibition was attributable to G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest rather than apoptosis or necrosis. Furthermore, tablysin-15 downregulated the activity and mRNA expression of MMP-2/-9, VEGF, and COX-2 but upregulated TIMP-1/-2 mRNA in both cell lines. Further, tablysin-15 suppressed the expression of CDK2, CDK6, cyclin D1, and cyclin E, the phosphorylation of FAK, Akt, GSK-3β, and ERK, and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB while increasing the expression of the CDK inhibitor p21waf1/C1. Lastly, tablysin-15 provided effective antitumor protection in vivo. Thus, tablysin-15 inhibits the metastasis and proliferation of breast cancer cells through binding αvβ3 integrin and blocking FAK-associated signaling pathways as well as nuclear translocation of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jinwei Chai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qingye Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tiaofei Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| | - Xueqing Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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89
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Pracharova J, Novohradsky V, Kostrhunova H, Štarha P, Trávníček Z, Kasparkova J, Brabec V. Half-sandwich Os(ii) and Ru(ii) bathophenanthroline complexes: anticancer drug candidates with unusual potency and a cellular activity profile in highly invasive triple-negative breast cancer cells. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12197-12208. [PMID: 30112527 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02236d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to discover new, selective compounds to add to the limited arsenal of chemotherapeutics displaying selective toxicity for aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. The effect of two, recently developed metal-based half-sandwich complexes [Os(η6-pcym)(bphen)(dca)]PF6 (Os-dca) and [Ru(η6-pcym)(bphen)(dca)]PF6 (Ru-dca) [pcym = 1-methyl-4-(propan-2-yl)benzene (p-cymene); bphen = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (bathophenanthroline); dca = dichloroacetate] on triple-negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 is reported. The complexes display selective toxicity in several tumor cells (at submicromolar concentrations), and a prominent effect is observed against highly progressive triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells for Os-dca. The lower potency of Ru-dca in comparison with Os-dca is apparently connected with a relatively quick release of the dca ligand due to the hydrolysis of Ru-dca before this complex enters the cells. Remarkably, both Os-dca and Ru-dca reduce successfully metastasis-related properties of the triple-negative breast cancer cells such as migration, invasion, and re-adhesion. The anti-metastatic effects of Os-dca and Ru-dca are associated with their ability to suppress matrix metalloproteinase activity and/or production and reduce the expression of aquaporins. Further detailed mechanistic studies reveal that Os-dca reverses Warburg's effect and oncosis seems to be a prominent mode of cell death that predominates over apoptosis. As such, Os-dca can efficiently overcome the resistance of cancer cells to clinically-used apoptotic inducers cisplatin and carboplatin. The cytostatic and anti-metastatic properties of Os-dca in MDA-MB-231 provide a strong impetus for the development of new metal-based compounds to target hardly treatable human TNBC cells and displaying different modes of action compared to the antitumor metallodrugs in clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Pracharova
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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90
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Saxena M, Bhardwaj N. Re-Emergence of Dendritic Cell Vaccines for Cancer Treatment. Trends Cancer 2018; 4:119-137. [PMID: 29458962 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are essential in immunity owing to their role in activating T cells, thereby promoting antitumor responses. Tumor cells, however, hijack the immune system, causing T cell exhaustion and DC dysfunction. Tumor-induced T cell exhaustion may be reversed through immune checkpoint blockade (ICB); however, this treatment fails to show clinical benefit in many patients. While ICB serves to reverse T cell exhaustion, DCs are still necessary to prime, activate, and direct the T cells to target tumor cells. In this review we provide a brief overview of DC function, describe mechanisms by which DC functions are disrupted by the tumor microenvironment, and highlight recent developments in DC cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Saxena
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA; Parker Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA.
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91
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Zhang X, Liu R, Yuan Q, Gao F, Li J, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Chai Z, Gao L, Gao X. The Precise Diagnosis of Cancer Invasion/Metastasis via 2D Laser Ablation Mass Mapping of Metalloproteinase in Primary Cancer Tissue. ACS NANO 2018; 12:11139-11151. [PMID: 30359513 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer invasion and metastasis remain the major causes of over 90% of patient deaths. Molecular imaging methods such as computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can precisely assess primary regional lymph node invasion and distant organ metastasis via body scanning; however, such diagnostic methods are often utilized too late for cancer therapy. To date, pathologic methods mainly provide information on differentiation/proliferation and potential drug therapy biomarkers of primary tumors rather than precisely reveal tumor regional invasion and distant metastasis in the body. We hypothesized that quantification of membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) levels in primary tumor tissue will provide a precise assessment of tumor regional lymph node invasion and remote organ metastasis. In this work, we developed peptide-coated Au clusters with intrinsic red fluorescence and a specific mass signal. When these clusters labeled MT1-MMP in tumor tissue sections derived from the xenograft lung carcinoma model, human lung carcinoma and human renal carcinoma, we could directly observe MT1-MMP via optical fluorescence microscopy and quantitatively detect the MT1-MMP expression level via laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry 2D mapping (2D-LA-Mass Mapping). By observing and quantifying the MT1-MMP expression level in primary human lung carcinoma and human renal carcinoma tissue sections, we precisely assessed the risk of primary tumor invasion/metastasis. Importantly, the accuracy of this pathologic method was verified by CT/MRI molecular imaging of cancer patients and traditional hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining/immunohistochemistry (IHC)/immunofluorescence (IF) pathologic studies of primary tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangchun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory for the Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ru Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for the Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory for the Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Fuping Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for the Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory for the Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory for the Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for the Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Zhifang Chai
- CAS Key Laboratory for the Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Liang Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory for the Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xueyun Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory for the Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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Thorlacius-Ussing J, Kehlet SN, Rønnow SR, Karsdal MA, Willumsen N. Non-invasive profiling of protease-specific elastin turnover in lung cancer: biomarker potential. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 145:383-392. [PMID: 30467633 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2799-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Elastin is a signature protein of lungs. Increased elastin turnover driven by altered proteolytic activity is an important part of lung tumorigenesis. Elastin-derived fragments have been shown to be pro-tumorigenic, however, little is known regarding the biomarker potential of such elastin fragments. Here, we present an elastin turnover profile by non-invasively quantifying five specific elastin degradation fragments generated by different proteases. METHODS Elastin fragments were assessed in serum from patients with stage I-IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (n = 40) and healthy controls (n = 30) using competitive ELISAs targeting different protease-generated fragments of elastin: ELM12 (generated by matrix metalloproteinase MMP-9 and -12), ELM7 (MMP-7), EL-NE (neutrophil elastase), EL-CG (cathepsin G) and ELP-3 (proteinase 3). RESULTS ELM12, ELM7, EL-NE and EL-CG were all significantly elevated in NSCLC patients (n = 40) when compared to healthy controls (n = 30) (ELM12, p = 0.0191; ELM7, p < 0.0001; EL-NE, p < 0.0001; EL-CG, p < 0.0001). ELP-3 showed no significant difference between patients and controls (p = 0.8735). All fragments correlated positively (Spearman, r: 0.69-0.81) when compared pairwise, except ELM12 (Spearman, r: 0.042-0.097). In general, all fragments were detectable across all stages of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Elastin fragments generated by different proteases are elevated in lung cancer patients compared to healthy controls but differ in their presence. This demonstrates non-invasive biomarker potential of elastin fragments in serum from lung cancer patients and suggests that different pathological mechanisms may be responsible for the elastin turnover, warranting further validation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeppe Thorlacius-Ussing
- Biomarkers & Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Stephanie Nina Kehlet
- Biomarkers & Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Sarah Rank Rønnow
- Biomarkers & Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Morten Asser Karsdal
- Biomarkers & Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Nicholas Willumsen
- Biomarkers & Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
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93
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Prevarskaya N, Skryma R, Shuba Y. Ion Channels in Cancer: Are Cancer Hallmarks Oncochannelopathies? Physiol Rev 2018; 98:559-621. [PMID: 29412049 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00044.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability is a primary cause and fundamental feature of human cancer. However, all cancer cell genotypes generally translate into several common pathophysiological features, often referred to as cancer hallmarks. Although nowadays the catalog of cancer hallmarks is quite broad, the most common and obvious of them are 1) uncontrolled proliferation, 2) resistance to programmed cell death (apoptosis), 3) tissue invasion and metastasis, and 4) sustained angiogenesis. Among the genes affected by cancer, those encoding ion channels are present. Membrane proteins responsible for signaling within cell and among cells, for coupling of extracellular events with intracellular responses, and for maintaining intracellular ionic homeostasis ion channels contribute to various extents to pathophysiological features of each cancer hallmark. Moreover, tight association of these hallmarks with ion channel dysfunction gives a good reason to classify them as special type of channelopathies, namely oncochannelopathies. Although the relation of cancer hallmarks to ion channel dysfunction differs from classical definition of channelopathies, as disease states causally linked with inherited mutations of ion channel genes that alter channel's biophysical properties, in a broader context of the disease state, to which pathogenesis ion channels essentially contribute, such classification seems absolutely appropriate. In this review the authors provide arguments to substantiate such point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Prevarskaya
- INSERM U-1003, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer et LABEX, Université Lille1 , Villeneuve d'Ascq , France ; Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology and International Center of Molecular Physiology, NASU, Kyiv-24, Ukraine
| | - Roman Skryma
- INSERM U-1003, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer et LABEX, Université Lille1 , Villeneuve d'Ascq , France ; Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology and International Center of Molecular Physiology, NASU, Kyiv-24, Ukraine
| | - Yaroslav Shuba
- INSERM U-1003, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer et LABEX, Université Lille1 , Villeneuve d'Ascq , France ; Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology and International Center of Molecular Physiology, NASU, Kyiv-24, Ukraine
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Lv T, Yu XW, Hu J, Zhou DH. Effect of targeted regulation of ABCG2 signaling pathway by miR-144-3p on invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2018; 26:1635-1644. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v26.i28.1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of targeted regulation of ATP-binding transporter G family member 2 (ABCG2) signaling pathway by miR-144-3p on the invasion and migration of gastric cancer (GC) cells HGC-27, and to explore the underlying mechanism.
METHODS The expression of miR-144-3p and ABCG2 in human GC cell line HGC-27 and human gastric mucosal epithelial cell line GES-1 was detected by qRT-PCR. The target gene prediction software was used to predict whether miR-144-3p binds to ABCG2, and the binding site was used to detect whether miR-144-3p targets ABCG2 by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of miR-144-3p and ABCG2 was detected by qRT-PCR after transfection of miR-144-3p mimic or miR-144-3p inhibitor into GC cells. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in GC cells transfected with ABCG2 siRNA was detected by gelatin zymography assay. Transwell invasion and migration assays were employed to detect the effect of miR-144-3p mimic, miR-144-3p inhibitor, and ABCG2 siRNA on the invasion and migration of GC cells.
RESULTS Compared with GES-1 cells, the expression of miR-144-3p in HGC-27 cells was significantly decreased and the expression of ABCG2 was significantly increased (P < 0.05). The target gene prediction software predicted the binding site of miR-144-3p in the ABCG2 3'UTR, and the dual luciferase reporter gene experiment confirmed the targeted binding relationship of miR-144-3p and ABCG2. Compared with the control group, the expression of miR-144-3p was significantly increased, the expression of ABCG2 was significantly decreased, and the cell invasion and migration ability were significantly decreased in the miR-144-3p mimic transfected group (P < 0.05), while transfection with miR-144-3p inhibitor showed the opposite effect. Gelatin zymography assay showed that ABCG2 siRNA transfection significantly inhibited the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins in GC cells and suppressed the invasion and migration of GC cells (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION MiR-144-3p can inhibit the invasion and migration of GC cells possibly via mechanisms related to targeted regulation of the ABCG2-MMP-2/9 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lv
- Outpatient Department, the First People's Hospital of Yongkang City, Yongkang 321300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xing-Wang Yu
- Outpatient Department, the First People's Hospital of Yongkang City, Yongkang 321300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Outpatient Department, the First People's Hospital of Yongkang City, Yongkang 321300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dong-Hui Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
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95
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Nasry WHS, Rodriguez-Lecompte JC, Martin CK. Role of COX-2/PGE2 Mediated Inflammation in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10100348. [PMID: 30248985 PMCID: PMC6211032 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10100348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant amount of research indicates that the cyclooxygenase/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pathway of inflammation contributes to the development and progression of a variety of cancers, including squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx (OSCC). Although there have been promising results from studies examining the utility of anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of OSCC, this strategy has been met with only variable success and these drugs are also associated with toxicities that make them inappropriate for some OSCC patients. Improved inflammation-targeting therapies require continued study of the mechanisms linking inflammation and progression of OSCC. In this review, a synopsis of OSCC biology will be provided, and recent insights into inflammation related mechanisms of OSCC pathobiology will be discussed. The roles of prostaglandin E2 and cluster of differentiation factor 147 (CD147) will be presented, and evidence for their interactions in OSCC will be explored. Through continued investigation into the protumourigenic pathways of OSCC, more treatment modalities targeting inflammation-related pathways can be designed with the hope of slowing tumour progression and improving patient prognosis in patients with this aggressive form of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Hamed Shaker Nasry
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
| | - Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Lecompte
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
| | - Chelsea K Martin
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
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96
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Wang N, Meng X, Liu Y, Chen Y, Liang Q. LPS promote Osteosarcoma invasion and migration through TLR4/HOTAIR. Gene 2018; 680:1-8. [PMID: 30240881 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteosarcoma is one of common malignant tumors worldwide in the metaphysis of teenagers. The role of lncRNAs in Osteosarcoma has become an emerging area of research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell migration and invasion were analyzed in Osteosarcoma cell following knockdown or overexpression by transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA) or treated with LPS. Western blotting and Real-time RT-PCR methods were used to analyze the effects of LPS on EMT. RESULTS We discovered that LPS could regulate cell migration and invasion and promote EMT. At the same time, LPS could regulate the expression of TLR4 and HOTAIR. In addition, knockdown of the expression of TLR4 partially reverses the promotion of cell invasion induced by LPS. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that LPS coordinate the Osteosarcoma through TLR4/HOTAIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Center Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110024, China
| | - Xiaona Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biol, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Yongyi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Center Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110024, China
| | - Qingwei Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China.
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97
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Hou J, Zou Q, Wang Y, Gao Q, Yao W, Yao Q, Zhang J. Screening for the selective inhibitors of MMP-9 from natural products based on pharmacophore modeling and molecular docking in combination with bioassay experiment, hybrid QM/MM calculation, and MD simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:3135-3149. [PMID: 30079817 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1509019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has been considered as an attractive target involving cancer therapy. In this study, the 3D QSAR pharmacophore model of MMP-9 inhibitors is built, and its reliability is subsequently validated based on different methods. The built pharmacophore model consists of the four chemical features, including two hydrogen bond acceptors (HBA), one hydrophobic (HY), and one ring aromatic (RA). Among them, both HY and RA are found to be especially important features because they involve the interactions of inhibitors with the S1' pocket of MMP-9, which determines the selectivity of MMP-9 inhibitors. By combining pharmacophore model with molecular docking, the virtual screening is carried out to identify the selective MMP-9 inhibitors from natural products. The four potential selective MMP-9 inhibitors of natural products are found. One of them was used to carry out the bioassay experiment inhibiting MMP-9, and the estimated IC50 value of only 26.94 µM clearly shows its strongly inhibitory activity; besides, both the hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculation and the molecular dynamics simulation are performed to examine the reliability regarding the binding mode of this inhibitor with MMP-9 active sites predicted by molecular docking. All the screened four natural products are found to well bind with the MMP-9 active sites by different kinds of interactions. Finally, the ADMET properties of screened four natural products are assessed. These screened MMP-9 inhibitors of natural products could be used as the lead compounds to perform structural modifications and optimizations in the future work. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Hou
- a Department of Physical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zou
- a Department of Physical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Wang
- a Department of Physical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Gao
- a Department of Physical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Yao
- a Department of Physical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Qizheng Yao
- c School of Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Zhang
- a Department of Physical Chemistry , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.,b State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
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98
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He XX, Shi LL, Qiu MJ, Li QT, Wang MM, Xiong ZF, Yang SL. Molecularly targeted anti-cancer drugs inhibit the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating the expression of MMP and TIMP gene families. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 504:878-884. [PMID: 30219235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of multi-kinase kinase inhibitors (sorafenib; regorafenib; lenvatinib) on the invasion and metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and the outcome of this effect on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs), yet unclarified. Cells were subjected to four different treatments: blank control group, sorafenib (10 μmol/L) treatment group, regorafenib (20 mmol/L) treatment group, and lenvatinib (4 μmol/L) treatment group. Anti-invasion and anti-metastasis effects were tested using the wound-healing assay and transwell invasion assay. Real-time PCR and Western blot analyses were used to determine the impact of sorafenib, regorafenib, and lenvatinib on the gene expression of MMPs and TIMPs in the two HCC lines (Hep3B and SMMC-7721). Results from the wound-healing and transwell invasion assays showed the three tested anti-cancer drugs to have a significant inhibitory effect on the metastasis and invasion of HCC cells. Real-time PCR and western blot analyses revealed that sorafenib down-regulated the expressions of MMP-7,10,16 and up-regulated those of TIMP-1,3,4, regorafenib down-regulated the expression of MMP-1 and up-regulated TIMP-3 gene expression, and lenvatinib down-regulated the expressions of MMP-1,2,7,9,10,16 and up-regulated those of TIMP-1,3,4. However, these three targeted anti-cancer drugs seem to have no significant regulatory effect on the expressions of other MMPs and TIMPs family genes. In conclusion, sorafenib, regorafenib, and lenvatinib inhibit the invasion and metastasis of HCC cells by regulating MMPs/TIMPs expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao He
- Division of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, China
| | - Liang-Liang Shi
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Meng-Jun Qiu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, China
| | - Qiu-Ting Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, China
| | - Meng-Meng Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, China
| | - Zhi-Fan Xiong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, China.
| | - Sheng-Li Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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99
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Ma J, Ding Y. Geniposide suppresses growth, migration and invasion of MKN45 cells by down-regulation of lncRNA HULC. Exp Mol Pathol 2018; 105:252-259. [PMID: 30176223 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a serious disease with high incidence rate and high mortality. Geniposide (GEN) exhibits multiple biological properties including anti-tumor function. However, effect of GEN on GC is not well studied. Hence, the effects of GEN on GC were investigated in our study. HULC expression in GC tissue and GC cell lines (MKN45, SGC-7901, MKN28, AGS) was detected by qRT-PCR. Cell viability, colony formation, migration, invasion and cell apoptosis were examined by CCK-8 assay, survival fraction assay, modified two-chamber migration assay, Millicell Hanging Cell Culture and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/9 and vimentin was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. The expression of PI3K/AKT and JNK was measured by western blot. The expression of HULC was up-regulated both in GC tissue and cell lines (P < .05, P < .01 or P < .001). GEN negatively regulated the expression of HULC in MKN45 cells (P < .05 or P < .01). GEN decreased cell viability (P < .05), colony formation (P < .01), migration (P < .05) and invasion (P < .05) while HULC overexpression led to the opposite results in GEN-treated cells. The expression of phosphatidylinositol 3' -kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (AKT) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was down-regulated by GEN (all P < .05) while reversed by HULC overexpression. HULC was up-regulated in GC. GEN inhibited MNK45 cell viability, colony formation, migration and invasion while induced cell apoptosis by down-regulation of HULC in MKN45 cells. GEN inactivated PI3K/AKT and JNK signal pathways through down-regulation of HULC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ma
- Department of Endoscopy, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, China
| | - Yong Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China.
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100
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Tian D, Li Y, Li X, Tian Z. Aloperine inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion and induces apoptosis by blocking the Ras signaling pathway in human breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3699-3710. [PMID: 30132540 PMCID: PMC6131600 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aloperine (Alo), as a quinolizidine alkaloid extracted from S. alopecuroide, has the positive activities of anti-inflammatory, anti-allergenic, antitumor and anti-viral. However, the role and mechanism of Alo in breast cancer have not been studied yet. In the present study, Alo markedly inhibited the proliferation and suppressed the colony formation ability of the breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 in a dose-dependent manner by Cell Counting kit-8 and colony formation assays, respectively. In addition, the results of confocal microscopy analysis and flow cytometry detection revealed that Alo induced the apoptosis of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, and western blotting indicated that Alo upregulated the protein levels of Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9, and downregulated the expression of Bcl-2. Furthermore, the results of wound healing, Transwell migration and invasion assays demonstrated that Alo inhibited the migration and invasion of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, and reduced the protein levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. Alo also downregulated the protein expressions of Ras, phosphorylated (p)-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase 1 and p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. Furthermore, ISIS 2503, a Ras inhibitor, inhibited colony formation, induced apoptosis, and suppressed the migration and invasion of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. These effects were more marked in the presence of ISIS 2503 and Alo, when compared with those of either agent alone. In conclusion, the present study reported a novel use of Alo in inhibiting the proliferation, migration and invasion, and inducing the apoptosis of human breast cancer cells by blocking the Ras signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delong Tian
- Department of Rehabilitation, Binzhou Central Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 210557, P.R. China
| | - Yanhai Li
- Department of General Surgery, Binzhou Central Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 210557, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Binzhou Central Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 210557, P.R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Tian
- Department of Rehabilitation, Binzhou Central Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 210557, P.R. China
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