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Shukla A, Srivastava S, Suprasanna P. Genomics of Metal Stress-Mediated Signalling and Plant Adaptive Responses in Reference to Phytohormones. Curr Genomics 2017; 18:512-522. [PMID: 29204080 PMCID: PMC5684655 DOI: 10.2174/1389202918666170608093327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As a consequence of a sessile lifestyle, plants often have to face a number of life threatening abiotic and biotic stresses. Plants counteract the stresses through morphological and physiological adaptations, which are imparted through flexible and well-coordinated network of signalling and effector molecules, where phytohormones play important role. Hormone synthesis, signal transduction, perception and cross-talks create a complex network. Omics approaches, which include transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics and metabolomics, have opened new paths to understand such complex networks. OBJECTIVE This review concentrates on the importance of phytohormones and enzymatic expressions under metal stressed conditions. CONCLUSION This review sheds light on gene expressions involved in plant adaptive and defence responses during metal stress. It gives an insight of genomic approaches leading to identification and functional annotation of genes involved in phytohormone signal transduction and perception. Moreover, it also emphasizes on perception, signalling and cross-talks among various phytohormones and other signalling components viz., Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurakti Shukla
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221005, U.P., India
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221005, U.P., India
| | - Penna Suprasanna
- Nuclear Agriculture & Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai - 400085, Maharashtra, India
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Bielach A, Hrtyan M, Tognetti VB. Plants under Stress: Involvement of Auxin and Cytokinin. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1427. [PMID: 28677656 PMCID: PMC5535918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant growth and development are critically influenced by unpredictable abiotic factors. To survive fluctuating changes in their environments, plants have had to develop robust adaptive mechanisms. The dynamic and complementary actions of the auxin and cytokinin pathways regulate a plethora of developmental processes, and their ability to crosstalk makes them ideal candidates for mediating stress-adaptation responses. Other crucial signaling molecules responsible for the tremendous plasticity observed in plant morphology and in response to abiotic stress are reactive oxygen species (ROS). Proper temporal and spatial distribution of ROS and hormone gradients is crucial for plant survival in response to unfavorable environments. In this regard, the convergence of ROS with phytohormone pathways acts as an integrator of external and developmental signals into systemic responses organized to adapt plants to their environments. Auxin and cytokinin signaling pathways have been studied extensively. Nevertheless, we do not yet understand the impact on plant stress tolerance of the sophisticated crosstalk between the two hormones. Here, we review current knowledge on the function of auxin and cytokinin in redirecting growth induced by abiotic stress in order to deduce their potential points of crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Bielach
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Czech 62500, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Monika Hrtyan
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Czech 62500, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Vanesa B Tognetti
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Czech 62500, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Sandalio LM, Rodríguez-Serrano M, Romero-Puertas MC. Leaf epinasty and auxin: A biochemical and molecular overview. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 253:187-193. [PMID: 27968987 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Leaf epinasty involves the downward bending of leaves as a result of disturbances in their growth, with a greater expansion in adaxial cells as compared to abaxial surface cells. The co-ordinated anisotropy of growth in epidermal, palisade mesophyll and vascular tissues contributes to epinasty. This phenotype, which is regulated by auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA), controls plant cell division and elongation by regulating the expression of a vast number of genes. Other plant hormones, such as ethylene, abscisic acid and brassinosteroids, also regulate epinasty and hyponasty. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation induced by auxins and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) triggers epinasty. The role of ROS and nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of epinasty has recently been established. Thus, treatment with synthetic auxin 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) induces disturbances in the actin cytoskeleton through ROS and NO-dependent post-translational modifications in actin by carbonylation and S-nitrosylation, which cause a reduction in the actin filament. Reorientation of microtubules has become a major feature of the response to auxin. The cytoskeleton is therefore a key player in epinastic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain.
| | - María Rodríguez-Serrano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
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Ding L, Cao J, Duan Y, Li J, Yang Y, Yang G, Zhou Y. Proteomic and physiological responses of Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to salinity stress and N-acyl-homoserine lactone. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2016; 158:414-434. [PMID: 27265884 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the alleviating action of exogenous N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) on NaCl toxicity, morphological, physiological and proteomic changes were investigated in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Salinity stress decreased growth parameters, increased malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (POD) and catalase activities. Application of lower concentration of AHL had a relieving effect on Arabidopsis seedlings under salinity stress which dramatically decreased MDA content, and increased growth parameters as well as SOD and POD activities. Total proteins were extracted from the control, NaCl-, AHL- and NaCl + AHL-treated seedlings and were separated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. A total of 127 protein spots showed different expression compared with the control. Mass spectrometry analysis allowed the identification of 97 proteins involved in multiple pathways, i.e. defense/stress/detoxification, photosynthesis, protein metabolism, signal transduction, transcription, cell wall biogenesis, metabolisms of carbon, lipid, energy, sulfur, nucleotide and sugar. These results suggest that defense/stress response, metabolism and energy, signal transduction and regulation, protein metabolism and transcription-related proteins may be particularly subjected to regulation in salt stressed Arabidopsis seedlings, when treated with AHL and that this regulation lead to improved salt tolerance and plant growth. Overall, this study provides insight to the effect of AHL on salinity stress for the first time, and also sheds light on overview of the molecular mechanism of AHL-regulated plant growth promotion and salt resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Ding
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yunfei Duan
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Guoxing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
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Kurtyka R, Pokora W, Tukaj Z, Karcz W. Effects of juglone and lawsone on oxidative stress in maize coleoptile cells treated with IAA. AOB PLANTS 2016; 8:plw073. [PMID: 27760740 PMCID: PMC5199135 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plw073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Naphthoquinones are secondary metabolites widely distributed in nature and produced by bacteria, fungi and higher plants. Their biological activity may result from induction of oxidative stress, caused by redox cycling or direct interaction with cellular macromolecules, in which quinones act as electrophiles. The redox homeostasis is known as one of factors involved in auxin-mediated plant growth regulation. To date, however, little is known about the crosstalk between reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by quinones and the plant growth hormone auxin (IAA). In this study, redox cycling properties of two naphthoquinones, juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) and lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone), were compared in experiments performed on maize coleoptile segments incubated with or without the addition of IAA. It was found that lawsone was much more effective than juglone in increasing both H2O2 production and the activity of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, POX and CAT) in coleoptile cells, regardless of the presence of IAA. An increase in the activity of Cu/Zn-SOD isoenzymes induced by both naphthoquinones suggests that juglone- and lawsone-generated H2O2 was primarily produced in the cytosolic and cell wall spaces. The cell potential to neutralize hydrogen peroxide, determined by POX and CAT activity, pointed to activity of catalase as the main enzymatic mechanism responsible for degradation of H2O2 Therefore, we assumed that generation of H2O2, induced more efficiently by LW than JG, was the major factor accounting for differences in the toxicity of naphthoquinones in maize coleoptiles. The role of auxin in the process appeared negligible. Moreover, the results suggested that oxidative stress imposed by JG and LW was one of mechanisms of allelopathic action of the studied quinones in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Kurtyka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, PL-40 032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Wojciech Pokora
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, PL-80 308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Tukaj
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, PL-80 308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Waldemar Karcz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, PL-40 032 Katowice, Poland
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Kabir AH, Khatun MA, Hossain MM, Haider SA, Alam MF, Paul NK. Regulation of Phytosiderophore Release and Antioxidant Defense in Roots Driven by Shoot-Based Auxin Signaling Confers Tolerance to Excess Iron in Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1684. [PMID: 27891139 PMCID: PMC5103167 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is essential but harmful for plants at toxic level. However, how wheat plants tolerate excess Fe remains vague. This study aims at elucidating the mechanisms underlying tolerance to excess Fe in wheat. Higher Fe concentration caused morpho-physiological retardation in BR 26 (sensitive) but not in BR 27 (tolerant). Phytosiderophore and 2-deoxymugineic acid showed no changes in BR 27 but significantly increased in BR 26 due to excess Fe. Further, expression of TaSAMS. TaDMAS1, and TaYSL15 significantly downregulated in BR 27 roots, while these were upregulated in BR 26 under excess Fe. It confirms that inhibition of phytosiderophore directs less Fe accumulation in BR 27. However, phytochelatin and expression of TaPCS1 and TaMT1 showed no significant induction in response to excess Fe. Furthermore, excess Fe showed increased catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities along with glutathione, cysteine, and proline accumulation in roots in BR 27. Interestingly, BR 27 self-grafts and plants having BR 26 rootstock attached to BR 27 scion had no Fe-toxicity induced adverse effect on morphology but showed BR 27 type expressions, confirming that shoot-derived signal triggering Fe-toxicity tolerance in roots. Finally, auxin inhibitor applied with higher Fe concentration caused a significant decline in morpho-physiological parameters along with increased TaSAMS and TaDMAS1 expression in roots of BR 27, revealing the involvement of auxin signaling in response to excess Fe. These findings propose that tolerance to excess Fe in wheat is attributed to the regulation of phytosiderophore limiting Fe acquisition along with increased antioxidant defense in roots driven by shoot-derived auxin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H. Kabir
- Plant and Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of RajshahiRajshahi, Bangladesh
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Liu YY, Wang RL, Zhang P, Sun LL, Xu J. Involvement of reactive oxygen species in lanthanum-induced inhibition of primary root growth. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:6149-6159. [PMID: 27811082 PMCID: PMC5100026 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Although lanthanum (La) has been used as an agricultural plant growth stimulant for approximately 50 years, high concentrations are toxic to plants. Despite significant advances in recent years, the mechanisms underlying the effects of La on root system development remain unclear. Here, we report that a high concentration of La inhibits primary root (PR) elongation and induces lateral root (LR) development. La results in cell death in PR tips, thereby leading to the loss of meristematic cell division potential, stem cell niche activity, and auxin distribution in PR tips. Further analysis indicated that La induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) over-accumulation in PR tips. Reduction in ROS accumulation partially alleviated the inhibitory effects of La on PR elongation by improving cell survival in PR tips and thereby improving meristematic cell division potential and auxin distribution in PR tips. We also found ROS to be involved in La-induced endocytosis. Genetic analyses supported the described phenotype. Overall, our results indicate that La affects root growth, at least partially, by modulating ROS levels in roots to induce cell death in PR tips and subsequent auxin redistribution in roots, leading to remodeling of the root system architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Ru-Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Liang-Liang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
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Marasco R, Mapelli F, Rolli E, Mosqueira MJ, Fusi M, Bariselli P, Reddy M, Cherif A, Tsiamis G, Borin S, Daffonchio D. Salicornia strobilacea (Synonym of Halocnemum strobilaceum) Grown under Different Tidal Regimes Selects Rhizosphere Bacteria Capable of Promoting Plant Growth. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1286. [PMID: 27597846 PMCID: PMC4992691 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Halophytes classified under the common name of salicornia colonize salty and coastal environments across tidal inundation gradients. To unravel the role of tide-related regimes on the structure and functionality of root associated bacteria, the rhizospheric soil of Salicornia strobilacea (synonym of Halocnemum strobilaceum) plants was studied in a tidal zone of the coastline of Southern Tunisia. Although total counts of cultivable bacteria did not change in the rhizosphere of plants grown along a tidal gradient, significant differences were observed in the diversity of both the cultivable and uncultivable bacterial communities. This observation indicates that the tidal regime is contributing to the bacterial species selection in the rhizosphere. Despite the observed diversity in the bacterial community structure, the plant growth promoting (PGP) potential of cultivable rhizospheric bacteria, assessed through in vitro and in vivo tests, was equally distributed along the tidal gradient. Root colonization tests with selected strains proved that halophyte rhizospheric bacteria (i) stably colonize S. strobilacea rhizoplane and the plant shoot suggesting that they move from the root to the shoot and (ii) are capable of improving plant growth. The versatility in the root colonization, the overall PGP traits and the in vivo plant growth promotion under saline condition suggest that such beneficial activities likely take place naturally under a range of tidal regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Marasco
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, ThuwalSaudi Arabia
| | - Francesca Mapelli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, MilanItaly
| | - Eleonora Rolli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, MilanItaly
| | - Maria J. Mosqueira
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, ThuwalSaudi Arabia
| | - Marco Fusi
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, ThuwalSaudi Arabia
| | - Paola Bariselli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, MilanItaly
| | - Muppala Reddy
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, ThuwalSaudi Arabia
- Greenhouse Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, ThuwalSaudi Arabia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie Sidi Thabet, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Manouba University, ArianaTunisia
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, Panepistimioupoli PatronGreece
| | - Sara Borin
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, MilanItaly
| | - Daniele Daffonchio
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, ThuwalSaudi Arabia
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, MilanItaly
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Naser V, Shani E. Auxin response under osmotic stress. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 91:661-72. [PMID: 27052306 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0476-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The phytohormone auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) is a small organic molecule that coordinates many of the key processes in plant development and adaptive growth. Plants regulate the auxin response pathways at multiple levels including biosynthesis, metabolism, transport and perception. One of the most striking aspects of plant plasticity is the modulation of development in response to changing growth environments. In this review, we explore recent findings correlating auxin response-dependent growth and development with osmotic stresses. Studies of water deficit, dehydration, salt, and other osmotic stresses point towards direct and indirect molecular perturbations in the auxin pathway. Osmotic stress stimuli modulate auxin responses by affecting auxin biosynthesis (YUC, TAA1), transport (PIN), perception (TIR/AFB, Aux/IAA), and inactivation/conjugation (GH3, miR167, IAR3) to coordinate growth and patterning. In turn, stress-modulated auxin gradients drive physiological and developmental mechanisms such as stomata aperture, aquaporin and lateral root positioning. We conclude by arguing that auxin-mediated growth inhibition under abiotic stress conditions is one of the developmental and physiological strategies to acclimate to the changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Naser
- Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eilon Shani
- Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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60
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Ostrowski M, Ciarkowska A, Jakubowska A. The auxin conjugate indole-3-acetyl-aspartate affects responses to cadmium and salt stress in Pisum sativum L. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 191:63-72. [PMID: 26717013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of IAA-amino acid conjugates is one of the crucial regulatory mechanisms for the control of auxin activity during physiological and pathophysiological responses. Indole-3-acetyl-aspartate (IAA-Asp) is a low molecular weight amide conjugate that predominates in pea (Pisum sativum L.) tissues. IAA-Asp acts as an intermediate during the auxin degradation pathway. However, some recent investigations suggest a direct signaling function of this conjugate in various processes. In this study, we examine the effect of 100 μM IAA-Asp alone and in combination with salt stress (160 mM NaCl) or heavy metal stress (250 μM CdCl2) on H2O2 concentration, protein carbonylation as well as catalase and ascorbate (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activities in 7-day-old pea seedlings. As revealed by spectrophotometric analyses, IAA-Asp increased the carbonylated protein level and reduced the H2O2 concentration. Moreover, IAA-aspartate potentiated the effect of both Cd(2+) ions and NaCl on the H2O2 level. The enzymatic activities (catalase and peroxidases) were examined using spectrophotometric and native-PAGE assays. IAA-Asp alone did not affect catalase activity, whereas the two peroxidases were regulated differently. IAA-Asp reduced the APX activity during 48h cultivation. APX activity was potentiated by IAA-Asp+NaCl after 48h. Guaiacol peroxidase activity was diminished by all tested compounds. Based on these results, we suggest that IAA-Asp can directly and specifically affect the pea responses to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Ostrowski
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Biochemistry, Lwowska 1 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Anna Ciarkowska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Biochemistry, Lwowska 1 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Anna Jakubowska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Biochemistry, Lwowska 1 87-100 Torun, Poland
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61
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Garg R, Shankar R, Thakkar B, Kudapa H, Krishnamurthy L, Mantri N, Varshney RK, Bhatia S, Jain M. Transcriptome analyses reveal genotype- and developmental stage-specific molecular responses to drought and salinity stresses in chickpea. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19228. [PMID: 26759178 PMCID: PMC4725360 DOI: 10.1038/srep19228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought and salinity are the major factors that limit chickpea production worldwide. We performed whole transcriptome analyses of chickpea genotypes to investigate the molecular basis of drought and salinity stress response/adaptation. Phenotypic analyses confirmed the contrasting responses of the chickpea genotypes to drought or salinity stress. RNA-seq of the roots of drought and salinity related genotypes was carried out under control and stress conditions at vegetative and/or reproductive stages. Comparative analysis of the transcriptomes revealed divergent gene expression in the chickpea genotypes at different developmental stages. We identified a total of 4954 and 5545 genes exclusively regulated in drought-tolerant and salinity-tolerant genotypes, respectively. A significant fraction (~47%) of the transcription factor encoding genes showed differential expression under stress. The key enzymes involved in metabolic pathways, such as carbohydrate metabolism, photosynthesis, lipid metabolism, generation of precursor metabolites/energy, protein modification, redox homeostasis and cell wall component biogenesis, were affected by drought and/or salinity stresses. Interestingly, transcript isoforms showed expression specificity across the chickpea genotypes and/or developmental stages as illustrated by the AP2-EREBP family members. Our findings provide insights into the transcriptome dynamics and components of regulatory network associated with drought and salinity stress responses in chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Garg
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Rama Shankar
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Bijal Thakkar
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Himabindu Kudapa
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | - Lakshmanan Krishnamurthy
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | - Nitin Mantri
- School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Telangana, India
| | - Sabhyata Bhatia
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Mukesh Jain
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India.,School of Computational &Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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Hamza NB, Sharma N, Tripathi A, Sanan-Mishra N. MicroRNA expression profiles in response to drought stress in Sorghum bicolor. Gene Expr Patterns 2016; 20:88-98. [PMID: 26772909 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The regulatory role of small non-coding RNAs that are 20-24 nucleotides in length has become the foremost area of research for biologists. A major class of small RNAs represented by the microRNAs (miRNAs), has been implicated in various aspects of plant development including leaf pattering, meristem function, root patterning etc. Recent findings support that miRNAs are regulated by drought and other abiotic stresses in various plant species. In this study, were report the expression profiling of 8 known abiotic stress deregulated miRNAs in 11 elite sorghum genotypes, under watered and drought conditions. Significant deregulation was observed with miR396, miR393, miR397-5p, miR166, miR167 and miR168. Among these, the expression levels of sbi-miR396 and sbi-miR398 were the highest in all the genotypes. The expression of sbi-miR396 was maximum in the grain sorghum HSD3226 under well-watered conditions and the profile shifted towards HSD3221 under drought stress. Forage accessions, N98 and Atlas, showed an opposite behavior in expression patterns of miR397-5p in drought physiologies. Such dynamic expression patterns could be indicative of prevailing drought tolerant mechanisms present in these sorghum accessions. This data provides insights into sorghum miRNAs which may have potential use in improving drought tolerance in sorghum and other cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Babiker Hamza
- Department of Molecular Biology, Commission for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, National Center for Research, P.O. Box: 2404, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - Neha Sharma
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, ArunaAsaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Anita Tripathi
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, ArunaAsaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Neeti Sanan-Mishra
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, ArunaAsaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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63
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Pi E, Qu L, Hu J, Huang Y, Qiu L, Lu H, Jiang B, Liu C, Peng T, Zhao Y, Wang H, Tsai SN, Ngai S, Du L. Mechanisms of Soybean Roots' Tolerances to Salinity Revealed by Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Comparisons Between Two Cultivars. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:266-88. [PMID: 26407991 PMCID: PMC4762511 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.051961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding molecular mechanisms underlying plant salinity tolerance provides valuable knowledgebase for effective crop improvement through genetic engineering. Current proteomic technologies, which support reliable and high-throughput analyses, have been broadly used for exploring sophisticated molecular networks in plants. In the current study, we compared phosphoproteomic and proteomic changes in roots of different soybean seedlings of a salt-tolerant cultivar (Wenfeng07) and a salt-sensitive cultivar (Union85140) induced by salt stress. The root samples of Wenfeng07 and Union85140 at three-trifoliate stage were collected at 0 h, 0.5 h, 1 h, 4 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h after been treated with 150 mm NaCl. LC-MS/MS based phosphoproteomic analysis of these samples identified a total of 2692 phosphoproteins and 5509 phosphorylation sites. Of these, 2344 phosphoproteins containing 3744 phosphorylation sites were quantitatively analyzed. Our results showed that 1163 phosphorylation sites were differentially phosphorylated in the two compared cultivars. Among them, 10 MYB/MYB transcription factor like proteins were identified with fluctuating phosphorylation modifications at different time points, indicating that their crucial roles in regulating flavonol accumulation might be mediated by phosphorylated modifications. In addition, the protein expression profiles of these two cultivars were compared using LC MS/MS based shotgun proteomic analysis, and expression pattern of all the 89 differentially expressed proteins were independently confirmed by qRT-PCR. Interestingly, the enzymes involved in chalcone metabolic pathway exhibited positive correlations with salt tolerance. We confirmed the functional relevance of chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes using soybean composites and Arabidopsis thaliana mutants, and found that their salt tolerance were positively regulated by chalcone synthase, but was negatively regulated by chalcone isomerase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase. A novel salt tolerance pathway involving chalcone metabolism, mostly mediated by phosphorylated MYB transcription factors, was proposed based on our findings. (The mass spectrometry raw data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD002856).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erxu Pi
- From the ‡College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, PR China;
| | - Liqun Qu
- From the ‡College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, PR China
| | - Jianwen Hu
- §Shanghai Applied Protein Technology Co. Ltd, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Yingying Huang
- From the ‡College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, PR China
| | - Lijuan Qiu
- ¶The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hongfei Lu
- ‖College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
| | - Bo Jiang
- **College of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, PR China
| | - Cong Liu
- From the ‡College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, PR China
| | - Tingting Peng
- From the ‡College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, PR China
| | - Ying Zhao
- From the ‡College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, PR China
| | - Huizhong Wang
- From the ‡College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, PR China
| | - Sau-Na Tsai
- ‡‡Centre for Soybean Research of Partner State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Saiming Ngai
- ‡‡Centre for Soybean Research of Partner State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Liqun Du
- From the ‡College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310036, PR China;
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64
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Cha JY, Kim WY, Kang SB, Kim JI, Baek D, Jung IJ, Kim MR, Li N, Kim HJ, Nakajima M, Asami T, Sabir JSM, Park HC, Lee SY, Bohnert HJ, Bressan RA, Pardo JM, Yun DJ. A novel thiol-reductase activity of Arabidopsis YUC6 confers drought tolerance independently of auxin biosynthesis. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8041. [PMID: 26314500 PMCID: PMC4560777 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
YUCCA (YUC) proteins constitute a family of flavin monooxygenases (FMOs), with an important role in auxin (IAA) biosynthesis. Here we report that Arabidopsis plants overexpressing YUC6 display enhanced IAA-related phenotypes and exhibit improved drought stress tolerance, low rate of water loss and controlled ROS accumulation under drought and oxidative stresses. Co-overexpression of an IAA-conjugating enzyme reduces IAA levels but drought stress tolerance is unaffected, indicating that the stress-related phenotype is not based on IAA overproduction. YUC6 contains a previously unrecognized FAD- and NADPH-dependent thiol-reductase activity (TR) that overlaps with the FMO domain involved in IAA biosynthesis. Mutation of a conserved cysteine residue (Cys-85) preserves FMO but suppresses TR activity and stress tolerance, whereas mutating the FAD- and NADPH-binding sites, that are common to TR and FMO domains, abolishes all outputs. We provide a paradigm for a single protein playing a dual role, regulating plant development and conveying stress defence responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Yung Cha
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC &IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Woe-Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC &IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Bin Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC &IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Im Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Dongwon Baek
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC &IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jung Jung
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC &IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ri Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC &IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ning Li
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC &IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC &IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Masatoshi Nakajima
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Tadao Asami
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal S M Sabir
- Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hyeong Cheol Park
- Department of Ecological Adaptation, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon 325-813, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC &IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hans J Bohnert
- Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Ray A Bressan
- Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Jose M Pardo
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC &IALS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
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Hossain MA, Bhattacharjee S, Armin SM, Qian P, Xin W, Li HY, Burritt DJ, Fujita M, Tran LSP. Hydrogen peroxide priming modulates abiotic oxidative stress tolerance: insights from ROS detoxification and scavenging. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:420. [PMID: 26136756 PMCID: PMC4468828 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants are constantly challenged by various abiotic stresses that negatively affect growth and productivity worldwide. During the course of their evolution, plants have developed sophisticated mechanisms to recognize external signals allowing them to respond appropriately to environmental conditions, although the degree of adjustability or tolerance to specific stresses differs from species to species. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS; hydrogen peroxide, H2O2; superoxide, [Formula: see text]; hydroxyl radical, OH(⋅) and singlet oxygen, (1)O2) is enhanced under abiotic and/or biotic stresses, which can cause oxidative damage to plant macromolecules and cell structures, leading to inhibition of plant growth and development, or to death. Among the various ROS, freely diffusible and relatively long-lived H2O2 acts as a central player in stress signal transduction pathways. These pathways can then activate multiple acclamatory responses that reinforce resistance to various abiotic and biotic stressors. To utilize H2O2 as a signaling molecule, non-toxic levels must be maintained in a delicate balancing act between H2O2 production and scavenging. Several recent studies have demonstrated that the H2O2-priming can enhance abiotic stress tolerance by modulating ROS detoxification and by regulating multiple stress-responsive pathways and gene expression. Despite the importance of the H2O2-priming, little is known about how this process improves the tolerance of plants to stress. Understanding the mechanisms of H2O2-priming-induced abiotic stress tolerance will be valuable for identifying biotechnological strategies to improve abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. This review is an overview of our current knowledge of the possible mechanisms associated with H2O2-induced abiotic oxidative stress tolerance in plants, with special reference to antioxidant metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A. Hossain
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh, Bangladesh
| | | | - Saed-Moucheshi Armin
- Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shiraz UniversityShiraz, Iran
| | - Pingping Qian
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka UniversityToyonaka, Japan
| | - Wang Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yu Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
| | | | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa UniversityTakamatsu, Japan
| | - Lam-Son P. Tran
- Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohama, Japan
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66
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Di DW, Zhang C, Guo GQ. Involvement of secondary messengers and small organic molecules in auxin perception and signaling. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2015; 34:895-904. [PMID: 25693494 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is a major phytohormone involved in most aspects of plant growth and development. Generally, auxin is perceived by three distinct receptors: TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESISTANT1-Auxin/INDOLE ACETIC ACID, S-Phase Kinase-Associated Protein 2A and AUXIN-BINDING PROTEIN1. The auxin perception is regulated by a variety of secondary messenger molecules, including nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, calcium, cyclic GMP, cyclic AMP, inositol triphosphate, diacylglycerol and by physiological pH. In addition, some small organic molecules, including inositol hexakisphosphate, yokonolide B, p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid, toyocamycin and terfestatin A, are involved in auxin signaling. In this review, we summarize and discuss the recent progress in understanding the functions of these secondary messengers and small organic molecules, which are now thoroughly demonstrated to be pervasive and important in auxin perception and signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wei Di
- Institute of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 73000, China,
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67
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Xia XJ, Zhou YH, Shi K, Zhou J, Foyer CH, Yu JQ. Interplay between reactive oxygen species and hormones in the control of plant development and stress tolerance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:2839-56. [PMID: 25788732 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
As a consequence of a sessile lifestyle, plants are continuously exposed to changing environmental conditions and often life-threatening stresses caused by exposure to excessive light, extremes of temperature, limiting nutrient or water availability, and pathogen/insect attack. The flexible coordination of plant growth and development is necessary to optimize vigour and fitness in a changing environment through rapid and appropriate responses to such stresses. The concept that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are versatile signalling molecules in plants that contribute to stress acclimation is well established. This review provides an overview of our current knowledge of how ROS production and signalling are integrated with the action of auxin, brassinosteroids, gibberellins, abscisic acid, ethylene, strigolactones, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid in the coordinate regulation of plant growth and stress tolerance. We consider the local and systemic crosstalk between ROS and hormonal signalling pathways and identify multiple points of reciprocal control, as well as providing insights into the integration nodes that involve Ca(2+)-dependent processes and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jian Xia
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Agricultural Ministry of China, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Christine H Foyer
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jing-Quan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Agricultural Ministry of China, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
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68
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Isolation and characterization of endophytic plant growth-promoting bacteria from date palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.) and their potential role in salinity tolerance. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2015; 107:1519-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-015-0445-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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69
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Zelinová V, Alemayehu A, Bočová B, Huttová J, Tamás L. Cadmium-induced reactive oxygen species generation, changes in morphogenic responses and activity of some enzymes in barley root tip are regulated by auxin. Biologia (Bratisl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2015-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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70
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Tamás L, Mistrík I, Alemayehu A, Zelinová V, Bočová B, Huttová J. Salicylic acid alleviates cadmium-induced stress responses through the inhibition of Cd-induced auxin-mediated reactive oxygen species production in barley root tips. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 173:1-8. [PMID: 25462072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is a master regulator of root growth by modulating its development under the constantly changing environment. Recently, an antagonistic interaction was suggested between SA and IAA signaling. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to analyze and compare the effect of the indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) signaling inhibitor p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (PCIB) and salicylic acid (SA) as a potential IAA signaling inhibitor on the root growth, enzyme activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in Cd- and IAA-treated barley root tips. Exposure of plants to Cd resulted in a more than threefold increase of IAA content in the root apex even 3h after the treatment. In addition, exogenously applied IAA evoked root responses such as root growth inhibition and swelling, ROS generation and activation of lipoxygenase or glutathione peroxidase identical to those induced by Cd. Furthermore, both Cd- and IAA-induced stress responses were markedly reversed by PCIB or SA post-treatment. Similarly to PCIB, SA did not affect the IAA content of root tips, suggesting the action of SA on the IAA signaling pathway in barley roots. SA probably does not alleviate the Cd toxicity in roots, but rather prevents or partially inhibits the root defense response to the presence of Cd through the inhibition of Cd-induced IAA-mediated ROS generation in roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Tamás
- Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Igor Mistrík
- Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Aster Alemayehu
- Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Zelinová
- Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Beáta Bočová
- Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jana Huttová
- Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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71
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Yang L, Zhang J, He J, Qin Y, Hua D, Duan Y, Chen Z, Gong Z. ABA-mediated ROS in mitochondria regulate root meristem activity by controlling PLETHORA expression in Arabidopsis. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004791. [PMID: 25522358 PMCID: PMC4270459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although research has determined that reactive oxygen species (ROS) function as signaling molecules in plant development, the molecular mechanism by which ROS regulate plant growth is not well known. An aba overly sensitive mutant, abo8-1, which is defective in a pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein responsible for the splicing of NAD4 intron 3 in mitochondrial complex I, accumulates more ROS in root tips than the wild type, and the ROS accumulation is further enhanced by ABA treatment. The ABO8 mutation reduces root meristem activity, which can be enhanced by ABA treatment and reversibly recovered by addition of certain concentrations of the reducing agent GSH. As indicated by low ProDR5:GUS expression, auxin accumulation/signaling was reduced in abo8-1. We also found that ABA inhibits the expression of PLETHORA1 (PLT1) and PLT2, and that root growth is more sensitive to ABA in the plt1 and plt2 mutants than in the wild type. The expression of PLT1 and PLT2 is significantly reduced in the abo8-1 mutant. Overexpression of PLT2 in an inducible system can largely rescue root apical meristem (RAM)-defective phenotype of abo8-1 with and without ABA treatment. These results suggest that ABA-promoted ROS in the mitochondria of root tips are important retrograde signals that regulate root meristem activity by controlling auxin accumulation/signaling and PLT expression in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junna He
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Deping Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- National Center for Plant Gene Research, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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72
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Becker MG, Chan A, Mao X, Girard IJ, Lee S, Elhiti M, Stasolla C, Belmonte MF. Vitamin C deficiency improves somatic embryo development through distinct gene regulatory networks in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:5903-18. [PMID: 25151615 PMCID: PMC4203126 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the endogenous ascorbate redox status through genetic manipulation of cellular ascorbate levels were shown to accelerate cell proliferation during the induction phase and improve maturation of somatic embryos in Arabidopsis. Mutants defective in ascorbate biosynthesis such as vtc2-5 contained ~70 % less cellular ascorbate compared with their wild-type (WT; Columbia-0) counterparts. Depletion of cellular ascorbate accelerated cell division processes and cellular reorganization and improved the number and quality of mature somatic embryos grown in culture by 6-fold compared with WT tissues. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying somatic embryogenesis (SE), we profiled dynamic changes in the transcriptome and analysed dominant patterns of gene activity in the WT and vtc2-5 lines across the somatic embryo culturing process. Our results provide insight into the gene regulatory networks controlling SE in Arabidopsis based on the association of transcription factors with DNA sequence motifs enriched in biological processes of large co-expressed gene sets. These data provide the first detailed account of temporal changes in the somatic embryo transcriptome starting with the zygotic embryo, through tissue dedifferentiation, and ending with the mature somatic embryo, and impart insight into possible mechanisms for the improved culture of somatic embryos in the vtc2-5 mutant line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Becker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T2N2, Canada
| | - Ainsley Chan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T2N2, Canada
| | - Xingyu Mao
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T2N2, Canada
| | - Ian J Girard
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T2N2, Canada
| | - Samantha Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T2N2, Canada
| | - Mohamed Elhiti
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Claudio Stasolla
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T2N2, Canada
| | - Mark F Belmonte
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T2N2, Canada
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Wu D, Shen H, Yokawa K, Baluška F. Alleviation of aluminium-induced cell rigidity by overexpression of OsPIN2 in rice roots. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:5305-15. [PMID: 25053643 PMCID: PMC4157713 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Al-induced cell rigidity is one of the symptoms of Al toxicity, but the mechanism by which plants tolerate this toxicity is still unclear. In this study, we found that overexpression of OsPIN2, an auxin transporter gene, could alleviate Al-induced cell rigidity in rice root apices. A freeze-thawing experiment showed that the Al-treated roots of wild-type (WT) plants had more damage in the epidermal and outer cortex cells than that found in lines overexpressing OsPIN2 (OXs), and the freeze-disrupt coefficient was 2-fold higher in the former than in the latter. Furthermore, Al could induce aberrations of the cell wall-plasma membrane interface, which was more prominent in the epidermal cells of the elongation zone of the WT. Overexpressed OsPIN2 reduced Al-induced formation of reactive oxygen species and weakened Al-induced lipid peroxidation and lignification in roots. Compared with WT, a 16.6-32.6% lower Al-triggered hemicellulose 1 accumulation was observed in root apices of OXs, and 17.4-20.5% less Al accumulated in the cell wall of OXs. Furthermore, overexpression of OsPIN2 ameliorated the Al inhibitory effect on basipetal auxin transport and increased Al-induced IAA and proton release. Taken together, our results suggest that by decreasing the binding of Al to the cell wall and Al-targeted oxidative cellular damage, OXs lines show less Al-induced damage. By modulating PIN2-based auxin transport, IAA efflux, and cell wall acidification, lines overexpressing OsPIN2 alleviate Al-induced cell rigidity in the rice root apex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoming Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hong Shen
- College of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ken Yokawa
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Bonn D-53115, Germany
| | - František Baluška
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Bonn D-53115, Germany
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74
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE We provide a conceptual framework for the interactions between the cellular redox signaling hub and the phytohormone signaling network that controls plant growth and development to maximize plant productivity under stress-free situations, while limiting growth and altering development on exposure to stress. RECENT ADVANCES Enhanced cellular oxidation plays a key role in the regulation of plant growth and stress responses. Oxidative signals or cycles of oxidation and reduction are crucial for the alleviation of dormancy and quiescence, activating the cell cycle and triggering genetic and epigenetic control that underpin growth and differentiation responses to changing environmental conditions. CRITICAL ISSUES The redox signaling hub interfaces directly with the phytohormone network in the synergistic control of growth and its modulation in response to environmental stress, but a few components have been identified. Accumulating evidence points to a complex interplay of phytohormone and redox controls that operate at multiple levels. For simplicity, we focus here on redox-dependent processes that control root growth and development and bud burst. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The multiple roles of reactive oxygen species in the control of plant growth and development have been identified, but increasing emphasis should now be placed on the functions of redox-regulated proteins, along with the central roles of reductants such as NAD(P)H, thioredoxins, glutathione, glutaredoxins, peroxiredoxins, ascorbate, and reduced ferredoxin in the regulation of the genetic and epigenetic factors that modulate the growth and vigor of crop plants, particularly within an agricultural context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Considine
- 1 School of Plant Biology and Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia , Crawley, Australia
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75
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Flavanols and Flavonols in the Nuclei of Conifer Genotypes with Different Growth. FORESTS 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/f5092122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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76
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Iglesias MJ, Terrile MC, Windels D, Lombardo MC, Bartoli CG, Vazquez F, Estelle M, Casalongué CA. MiR393 regulation of auxin signaling and redox-related components during acclimation to salinity in Arabidopsis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107678. [PMID: 25222737 PMCID: PMC4164656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most striking aspects of plant plasticity is the modulation of development in response to environmental changes. Plant growth and development largely depend on the phytohormone auxin that exerts its function through a partially redundant family of F-box receptors, the TIR1-AFBs. We have previously reported that the Arabidopsis double mutant tir1 afb2 is more tolerant to salt stress than wild-type plants and we hypothesized that down-regulation of auxin signaling might be part of Arabidopsis acclimation to salinity. In this work, we show that NaCl-mediated salt stress induces miR393 expression by enhancing the transcription of AtMIR393A and leads to a concomitant reduction in the levels of the TIR1 and AFB2 receptors. Consequently, NaCl triggers stabilization of Aux/IAA repressors leading to down-regulation of auxin signaling. Further, we report that miR393 is likely involved in repression of lateral root (LR) initiation, emergence and elongation during salinity, since the mir393ab mutant shows reduced inhibition of emergent and mature LR number and length upon NaCl-treatment. Additionally, mir393ab mutant plants have increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LRs, and reduced ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymatic activity compared with wild-type plants during salinity. Thus, miR393 regulation of the TIR1 and AFB2 receptors could be a critical checkpoint between auxin signaling and specfic redox-associated components in order to coordinate tissue and time-specific growth responses and tolerance during acclimation to salinity in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Iglesias
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, UE-CONICET-UNMDP, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - María Cecilia Terrile
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, UE-CONICET-UNMDP, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - David Windels
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CCT La Plata CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Cristina Lombardo
- Departamento de Biología e Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, UE-CONICET-UNMDP, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos Guillermo Bartoli
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CCT La Plata CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Franck Vazquez
- Botanical Institute of the University of Basel, Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, Part of the Swiss Plant Science Web, Department of Environmental Sciences, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark Estelle
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Claudia Anahí Casalongué
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, UE-CONICET-UNMDP, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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77
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Ivanova A, Law SR, Narsai R, Duncan O, Lee JH, Zhang B, Van Aken O, Radomiljac JD, van der Merwe M, Yi K, Whelan J. A Functional Antagonistic Relationship between Auxin and Mitochondrial Retrograde Signaling Regulates Alternative Oxidase1a Expression in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 165:1233-1254. [PMID: 24820025 PMCID: PMC4081334 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.237495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The perception and integration of stress stimuli with that of mitochondrion function are important during periods of perturbed cellular homeostasis. In a continuous effort to delineate these mitochondrial/stress-interacting networks, forward genetic screens using the mitochondrial stress response marker alternative oxidase 1a (AOX1a) provide a useful molecular tool to identify and characterize regulators of mitochondrial stress signaling (referred to as regulators of alternative oxidase 1a [RAOs] components). In this study, we reveal that mutations in genes coding for proteins associated with auxin transport and distribution resulted in a greater induction of AOX1a in terms of magnitude and longevity. Three independent mutants for polarized auxin transport, rao3/big, rao4/pin-formed1, and rao5/multidrug-resistance1/abcb19, as well as the Myb transcription factor rao6/asymmetric leaves1 (that displays altered auxin patterns) were identified and resulted in an acute sensitivity toward mitochondrial dysfunction. Induction of the AOX1a reporter system could be inhibited by the application of auxin analogs or reciprocally potentiated by blocking auxin transport. Promoter activation studies with AOX1a::GUS and DR5::GUS lines further confirmed a clear antagonistic relationship between the spatial distribution of mitochondrial stress and auxin response kinetics, respectively. Genome-wide transcriptome analyses revealed that mitochondrial stress stimuli, such as antimycin A, caused a transient suppression of auxin signaling and conversely, that auxin treatment repressed a part of the response to antimycin A treatment, including AOX1a induction. We conclude that mitochondrial stress signaling and auxin signaling are reciprocally regulated, balancing growth and stress response(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Ivanova
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Simon R Law
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Reena Narsai
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Owen Duncan
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Jae-Hoon Lee
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Botao Zhang
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Olivier Van Aken
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Jordan D Radomiljac
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - Margaretha van der Merwe
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - KeKe Yi
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
| | - James Whelan
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Botany, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia (A.I., S.R.L., O.D., B.Z., J.D.R., J.W.);Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia (A.I., R.N., J.-H.L., O.V.A., J.D.R., M.v.d.M.); andState Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (K.Y.)
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78
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Yu M, Lamattina L, Spoel SH, Loake GJ. Nitric oxide function in plant biology: a redox cue in deconvolution. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2014; 202:1142-1156. [PMID: 24611485 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a gaseous, redox-active small molecule, is gradually becoming established as a central regulator of growth, development, immunity and environmental interactions in plants. A major route for the transfer of NO bioactivity is S-nitrosylation, the covalent attachment of an NO moiety to a protein cysteine thiol to form an S-nitrosothiol (SNO). This chemical transformation is rapidly emerging as a prototypic, redox-based post-translational modification integral to the life of plants. Here we review the myriad roles of NO and SNOs in plant biology and, where known, the molecular mechanisms underpining their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manda Yu
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JR, UK
| | - Lorenzo Lamattina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), CC 12457600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Steven H Spoel
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JR, UK
| | - Gary J Loake
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JR, UK
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79
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Kazan K. Auxin and the integration of environmental signals into plant root development. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2013; 112:1655-65. [PMID: 24136877 PMCID: PMC3838554 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mct229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auxin is a versatile plant hormone with important roles in many essential physiological processes. In recent years, significant progress has been made towards understanding the roles of this hormone in plant growth and development. Recent evidence also points to a less well-known but equally important role for auxin as a mediator of environmental adaptation in plants. SCOPE This review briefly discusses recent findings on how plants utilize auxin signalling and transport to modify their root system architecture when responding to diverse biotic and abiotic rhizosphere signals, including macro- and micro-nutrient starvation, cold and water stress, soil acidity, pathogenic and beneficial microbes, nematodes and neighbouring plants. Stress-responsive transcription factors and microRNAs that modulate auxin- and environment-mediated root development are also briefly highlighted. CONCLUSIONS The auxin pathway constitutes an essential component of the plant's biotic and abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms. Further understanding of the specific roles that auxin plays in environmental adaptation can ultimately lead to the development of crops better adapted to stressful environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Kazan
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Organization (CSIRO) Plant Industry, Queensland Bioscience Precinct (QBP), Brisbane, Queensland 4067, Australia
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80
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Arabidopsis non-coding RNA regulation in abiotic stress responses. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:22642-54. [PMID: 24252906 PMCID: PMC3856082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141122642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth and productivity are largely affected by environmental stresses. Therefore, plants have evolved unique adaptation mechanisms to abiotic stresses through fine-tuned adjustment of gene expression and metabolism. Recent advanced technologies, such as genome-wide transcriptome analysis, have revealed that a vast amount of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) apart from the well-known housekeeping ncRNAs such as rRNAs, tRNAs, small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are expressed under abiotic stress conditions. These various types of ncRNAs are involved in chromatin regulation, modulation of RNA stability and translational repression during abiotic stress response. In this review, we summarize recent progress that has been made on ncRNA research in plant abiotic stress response.
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81
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Sharma R, Priya P, Jain M. Modified expression of an auxin-responsive rice CC-type glutaredoxin gene affects multiple abiotic stress responses. PLANTA 2013; 238:871-84. [PMID: 23918184 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-013-1940-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Glutaredoxins (GRXs) are the ubiquitous oxidoreductase enzymes, which play an important role in defense against various stresses. Here, we report the role of a CC-type GRX gene from rice, OsGRX8, in abiotic stress tolerance. OsGRX8 protein was found to be localized in nucleus and cytosol and its gene expression is induced by various stress conditions and plant hormone auxin. The over-expression of OsGRX8 in Arabidopsis plants conferred reduced sensitivity to auxin and stress hormone, abscisic acid. In addition, the transgenic Arabidopsis plants exhibited enhanced tolerance to various abiotic stresses, including salinity, osmotic and oxidative stress. Further, the transgenic RNAi rice plants exhibited increased susceptibility to various abiotic stresses, which further confirmed the role of OsGRX8 in abiotic stress responses. The microarray data analysis revealed that expression of a large number of auxin-responsive, known stress-associated and transcription factor encoding genes was altered in GRX transgenic Arabidopsis plants in response to exogenous auxin and stress conditions as compared to wild-type plants. Altogether, these findings suggest the role of OsGRX8 in regulating abiotic stress response and may be used to engineer stress tolerance in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghvendra Sharma
- Functional and Applied Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
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82
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Vanneste S, Friml J. Calcium: The Missing Link in Auxin Action. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2013; 2:650-75. [PMID: 27137397 PMCID: PMC4844386 DOI: 10.3390/plants2040650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to their sessile lifestyles, plants need to deal with the limitations and stresses imposed by the changing environment. Plants cope with these by a remarkable developmental flexibility, which is embedded in their strategy to survive. Plants can adjust their size, shape and number of organs, bend according to gravity and light, and regenerate tissues that were damaged, utilizing a coordinating, intercellular signal, the plant hormone, auxin. Another versatile signal is the cation, Ca(2+), which is a crucial second messenger for many rapid cellular processes during responses to a wide range of endogenous and environmental signals, such as hormones, light, drought stress and others. Auxin is a good candidate for one of these Ca(2+)-activating signals. However, the role of auxin-induced Ca(2+) signaling is poorly understood. Here, we will provide an overview of possible developmental and physiological roles, as well as mechanisms underlying the interconnection of Ca(2+) and auxin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Vanneste
- Plant Systems Biology, VIB, and Plant Biotechnology and Bio-informatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium.
| | - Jiří Friml
- Plant Systems Biology, VIB, and Plant Biotechnology and Bio-informatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
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83
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Krishnamurthy A, Rathinasabapathi B. Oxidative stress tolerance in plants: novel interplay between auxin and reactive oxygen species signaling. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2013; 8:doi: 10.4161/psb.25761. [PMID: 23887492 PMCID: PMC4091114 DOI: 10.4161/psb.25761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Biotic and abiotic stress conditions produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants causing oxidative stress damage. At the same time, ROS have additional signaling roles in plant adaptation to the stress. It is not known how the two seemingly contrasting functional roles of ROS between oxidative damage to the cell and signaling for stress protection are balanced. Research suggests that the plant growth regulator auxin may be the connecting link regulating the level of ROS and directing its role in oxidative damage or signaling in plants under stress. The objective of this review is to highlight some of the recent research on how auxin's role is intertwined to that of ROS, more specifically H2O2, in plant adaptation to oxidative stress conditions.
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84
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Krishnamurthy A, Rathinasabapathi B. Auxin and its transport play a role in plant tolerance to arsenite-induced oxidative stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2013; 36:1838-49. [PMID: 23489261 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of auxin in plant development is well known; however, its possible function in root response to abiotic stress is poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate a novel role of auxin transport in plant tolerance to oxidative stress caused by arsenite. Plant response to arsenite [As(III)] was evaluated by measuring root growth and markers for stress on seedlings treated with control or As(III)-containing medium. Auxin transporter mutants aux1, pin1 and pin2 were significantly more sensitive to As(III) than the wild type (WT). Auxin transport inhibitors significantly reduced plant tolerance to As(III) in the WT, while exogenous supply of indole-3-acetic acid improved As(III) tolerance of aux1 and not that of WT. Uptake assays using H(3) -IAA showed As(III) affected auxin transport in WT roots. As(III) increased the levels of H2 O2 in WT but not in aux1, suggesting a positive role for auxin transport through AUX1 on plant tolerance to As(III) stress via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated signalling. Compared to the WT, the mutant aux1 was significantly more sensitive to high-temperature stress and salinity, also suggesting auxin transport influences a common element shared by plant tolerance to arsenite, salinity and high-temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Krishnamurthy
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0690, USA
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85
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Correa-Aragunde N, Foresi N, Delledonne M, Lamattina L. Auxin induces redox regulation of ascorbate peroxidase 1 activity by S-nitrosylation/denitrosylation balance resulting in changes of root growth pattern in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:3339-49. [PMID: 23918967 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
S-Nitrosylation of Cys residues is one of the molecular mechanisms driven by nitric oxide (NO) for regulating biological functions of key proteins. While the studies on S-nitrosylation of Cys residues have served for identifying SNO proteomes, the physiological relevance of protein S-nitrosylation/denitrosylation remains poorly understood. In this study, it is shown that auxin influences the balance of S-nitrosylated/denitrosylated proteins in roots of Arabidopsis seedlings. 2D-PAGE allowed the identification of ascorbate peroxidase 1 (APX1) as target of auxin-induced denitrosylation in roots. Auxin causes APX1 denitrosylation and partial inhibition of APX1 activity in Arabidopsis roots. In agreement, the S-nitrosylated form of recombinant APX1 expressed in Escherichia coli is more active than the denitrosylated form. Consistently, Arabidopsis apx1 mutants have increased H₂O₂ accumulation in roots, shorter roots, and less sensitivity to auxin than the wild type. It is postulated that an auxin-regulated counterbalance of APX1 S-nitrosylation/denitrosylation contributes to a fine-tuned control of root development and determination of root architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Correa-Aragunde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. CC 1245, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
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86
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87
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Wei K, Wang L, Cheng H, Zhang C, Ma C, Zhang L, Gong W, Wu L. Identification of genes involved in indole-3-butyric acid-induced adventitious root formation in nodal cuttings of Camellia sinensis (L.) by suppression subtractive hybridization. Gene 2012. [PMID: 23201417 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The plant hormone auxin plays a key role in adventitious rooting. To increase our understanding of genes involved in adventitious root formation, we identified transcripts differentially expressed in single nodal cuttings of Camellia sinensis treated with or without indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) by suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH). A total of 77 differentially expressed transcripts, including 70 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated sequences, were identified in tea cuttings under IBA treatment. Seven candidate transcripts were selected and analyzed for their response to IBA, and IAA by real time RT-PCR. All these transcripts were up regulated by at least two folds one day after IBA treatment. Meanwhile, IAA showed less positive effects on the expression of candidate transcripts. The full-length cDNA of a F-box/kelch gene was also isolated and found to be similar to a group of At1g23390 like genes. These unigenes provided a new source for mining genes related to adventitious root formation, which facilitate our understanding of relative fundamental metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wei
- National Center for Tea Improvement, Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (TRICAAS), 9 Meiling South Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, PR China
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88
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Tamás L, Bočová B, Huttová J, Liptáková Ľ, Mistrík I, Valentovičová K, Zelinová V. Impact of the auxin signaling inhibitor p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid on short-term Cd-induced hydrogen peroxide production and growth response in barley root tip. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 169:1375-81. [PMID: 22795748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2012.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Short-term treatment (30 min) of barley roots with a low 10 μM Cd concentration induced significant H(2)O(2) production in the elongation and differentiation zone of the root tip 3h after treatment. This elevated H(2)O(2) production was accompanied by root growth inhibition and probably invoked root swelling in the elongation zone of the root tip. By contrast, a high 60 μM Cd concentration induced robust H(2)O(2) production in the elongation zone of the root tip already 1h after short-term treatment. This robust H(2)O(2) generation caused extensive cell death 6 h after short-term treatment. Similarly to low Cd concentration, exogenously applied H(2)O(2) caused marked root growth inhibition, which at lower H(2)O(2) concentration was accompanied by root swelling. The auxin signaling inhibitor p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid effectively inhibited 10 μM Cd-induced root growth inhibition, H(2)O(2) production and root swelling, but was ineffective in the alleviation of 60 μM Cd-induced root growth inhibition and H(2)O(2) production. Our results demonstrated that Cd-induced mild oxidative stress caused root growth inhibition, likely trough the rapid reorientation of cell growth in which a crucial role was played by IAA signaling in the root tip. Strong oxidative stress induced by high Cd concentration caused extensive cell death in the elongation zone of the root tip, resulting in the cessation of root growth or even in root death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Tamás
- Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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89
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Stirnberg P, Zhao S, Williamson L, Ward S, Leyser O. FHY3 promotes shoot branching and stress tolerance in Arabidopsis in an AXR1-dependent manner. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 71:907-20. [PMID: 22540368 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2012.05038.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The transposase-related transcription factor FAR-RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL3 (FHY3) promotes seedling de-etiolation in far-red light, which is perceived by phytochrome A (phyA). In this role, FHY3 indirectly mediates the nuclear import of light-activated phyA, which triggers downstream transcriptional responses. Here, we present genetic evidence for additional roles of FHY3 in plant development and growth. New fhy3 alleles were isolated as suppressors of max2-1 (more axillary branching2-1), a strigolactone-insensitive mutant characterised by highly branched shoots. Branching suppression by fhy3, in both wild-type and max2-1 backgrounds, resulted from inhibition of axillary bud outgrowth. Additional roles in axillary meristem initiation were revealed in the revoluta (rev) fhy3 double mutant, with fhy3 enhancing rev mutant defects in axillary shoot meristem formation, as well as in floral meristem maintenance. fhy3 also affected embryonic and floral patterning with low penetrance, and displayed oxidative stress-related phenotypes of retarded leaf growth and of cell death. The fhy3 phenotypes of axillary bud outgrowth suppression and of stress-induced leaf growth retardation both required the AUXIN-RESISTANT1 gene, and are independent of phyA. Consistent with the recent discovery that FHY3 regulates many Arabidopsis promoters, our results suggest much wider roles for FHY3 in growth and development, either in concert with, or beyond, light signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Stirnberg
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York YO10 5DD, UK
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90
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Tognetti VB, Mühlenbock P, Van Breusegem F. Stress homeostasis - the redox and auxin perspective. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2012; 35:321-33. [PMID: 21443606 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02324.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Under environmental stresses, plant development is adaptively modulated. This modulation is influenced by the steady-state balance (homeostasis) between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phytohormones. Frequently observed symptoms in plant stress adaptation responses include growth retardation, reduced metabolism and photosynthesis, reallocation of metabolic resources and increased antioxidant activities to maximize plant survival under adverse environmental conditions. In view of stress-induced morphogenetic changes during adaptation, ROS and auxin are the main players in the regulatory networks because both are strongly affected by exposure to environmental cues. However, the mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between ROS and auxin are poorly understood. In this review, we aim at surveying how the integration of environmental stress-related signals is modulated by crosstalk between ROS and auxin regulatory networks.
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91
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Xia K, Wang R, Ou X, Fang Z, Tian C, Duan J, Wang Y, Zhang M. OsTIR1 and OsAFB2 downregulation via OsmiR393 overexpression leads to more tillers, early flowering and less tolerance to salt and drought in rice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30039. [PMID: 22253868 PMCID: PMC3254625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The microRNA miR393 has been shown to play a role in plant development and in the stress response by targeting mRNAs that code for the auxin receptors in Arabidopsis. In this study, we verified that two rice auxin receptor gene homologs (OsTIR1 and OsAFB2) could be targeted by OsmiR393 (Os for Oryza sativa). Two new phenotypes (increased tillers and early flowering) and two previously observed phenotypes (reduced tolerance to salt and drought and hyposensitivity to auxin) were observed in the OsmiR393-overexpressing rice plants. The OsmiR393-overexpressing rice demonstrated hyposensitivity to synthetic auxin-analog treatments. These data indicated that the phenotypes of OsmiR393-overexpressing rice may be caused through hyposensitivity to the auxin signal by reduced expression of two auxin receptor genes (OsTIR1 and OsAFB2). The expression of an auxin transporter (OsAUX1) and a tillering inhibitor (OsTB1) were downregulated by overexpression of OsmiR393, which suggested that a gene chain from OsmiR393 to rice tillering may be from OsTIR1 and OsAFB2 to OsAUX1, which affected the transportation of auxin, then to OsTB1, which finally controlled tillering. The positive phenotypes (increased tillers and early flowering) and negative phenotypes (reduced tolerance to salt and hyposensitivity to auxin) of OsmiR393-overexpressing rice present a dilemma for molecular breeding.
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MESH Headings
- 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/pharmacology
- Adaptation, Physiological/drug effects
- Adaptation, Physiological/genetics
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Droughts
- Flowers/drug effects
- Flowers/genetics
- Flowers/physiology
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects
- Genes, Plant/genetics
- Indoleacetic Acids/metabolism
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Models, Biological
- Naphthaleneacetic Acids/pharmacology
- Organ Specificity/drug effects
- Organ Specificity/genetics
- Oryza/drug effects
- Oryza/genetics
- Oryza/physiology
- Phenotype
- Plant Proteins/genetics
- Plant Proteins/metabolism
- Plants, Genetically Modified
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Reproducibility of Results
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Sodium Chloride/pharmacology
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuaifei Xia
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Genetics and Breeding, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ren Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Genetics and Breeding, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojin Ou
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Genetics and Breeding, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongming Fang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Genetics and Breeding, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changen Tian
- School of Life Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Duan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Genetics and Breeding, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (YQW); (MYZ)
| | - Mingyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Genetics and Breeding, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (YQW); (MYZ)
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92
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Blomster T, Salojärvi J, Sipari N, Brosché M, Ahlfors R, Keinänen M, Overmyer K, Kangasjärvi J. Apoplastic reactive oxygen species transiently decrease auxin signaling and cause stress-induced morphogenic response in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 157:1866-83. [PMID: 22007024 PMCID: PMC3327221 DOI: 10.1104/pp.111.181883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are ubiquitous signaling molecules in plant stress and development. To gain further insight into the plant transcriptional response to apoplastic ROS, the phytotoxic atmospheric pollutant ozone was used as a model ROS inducer in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and gene expression was analyzed with microarrays. In contrast to the increase in signaling via the stress hormones salicylic acid, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid (JA), and ethylene, ROS treatment caused auxin signaling to be transiently suppressed, which was confirmed with a DR5-uidA auxin reporter construct. Transcriptomic data revealed that various aspects of auxin homeostasis and signaling were modified by apoplastic ROS. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of auxin signaling showed that transcripts of several auxin receptors and Auxin/Indole-3-Acetic Acid (Aux/IAA) transcriptional repressors were reduced in response to apoplastic ROS. The ROS-derived changes in the expression of auxin signaling genes partially overlapped with abiotic stress, pathogen responses, and salicylic acid signaling. Several mechanisms known to suppress auxin signaling during biotic stress were excluded, indicating that ROS regulated auxin responses via a novel mechanism. Using mutants defective in various auxin (axr1, nit1, aux1, tir1 afb2, iaa28-1, iaa28-2) and JA (axr1, coi1-16) responses, ROS-induced cell death was found to be regulated by JA but not by auxin. Chronic ROS treatment resulted in altered leaf morphology, a stress response known as "stress-induced morphogenic response." Altered leaf shape of tir1 afb2 suggests that auxin was a negative regulator of stress-induced morphogenic response in the rosette.
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93
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Krugman T, Peleg Z, Quansah L, Chagué V, Korol AB, Nevo E, Saranga Y, Fait A, Chalhoub B, Fahima T. Alteration in expression of hormone-related genes in wild emmer wheat roots associated with drought adaptation mechanisms. Funct Integr Genomics 2011; 11:565-83. [PMID: 21656015 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-011-0231-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles were used to unravel drought adaptation mechanisms in wild emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides), the progenitor of cultivated wheat, by comparing the response to drought stress in roots of genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance. The differences between the drought resistant (R) and drought susceptible (S) genotypes were characterized mainly by shifts in expression of hormone-related genes (e.g., gibberellins, abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin), including biosynthesis, signalling and response; RNA binding; calcium (calmodulin, caleosin and annexin) and phosphatidylinositol signalling, in the R genotype. ABA content in the roots of the R genotype was higher in the well-watered treatment and increased in response to drought, while in the S genotype ABA was invariant. The metabolomic profiling revealed in the R genotype a higher accumulation of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates and drought-related metabolites, including glucose, trehalose, proline and glycine. The integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics results indicated that adaptation to drought included efficient regulation and signalling pathways leading to effective bio-energetic processes, carbon metabolism and cell homeostasis. In conclusion, mechanisms of drought tolerance were identified in roots of wild emmer wheat, supporting our previous studies on the potential of this genepool as a valuable source for novel candidate genes to improve drought tolerance in cultivated wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Krugman
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Institute of Evolution, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Mt. Carmel, Haifa, Israel
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