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Deng Y, Qiu C, Ding H, Lu DB. The ratio of the seroprevalence to the egg-positive prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in China: a meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:404. [PMID: 30111280 PMCID: PMC6094899 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3320-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma japonicum, remains one of the most important parasitic diseases, and detection of S. japonicum infections in humans plays a crucial role in control and treatment. However, comparisons between the parasitological and the immunological examinations in the fields of China are lacking. Therefore we performed a meta-analysis to compare the seroprevalence of Schistosoma japonicum, as determined by IHA or ELISA, with coprological prevalence, as determined by Kato-Katz, and estimate the ratio of the serological to the egg-positive prevalence in order to evaluate the potential threat of egg-negative but worm-positive schistosomiasis. METHODS Studies published up to July 2018 on the parasitological and immunological examinations of schistosomiasis in the fields of China were searched in five databases including CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed and Web of Science. The ratio of the serological to the egg-positive prevalence and its 95%CI for each study were calculated, and then point estimates and their 95%CIs of pooled prevalence ratio were meta-analyzed. Subgroup meta-analyses were also performed according to potential influential factors. RESULTS A total of 23 articles were included. The prevalence ratio varied from 0.57 to 48.83 for IHA to Kato-Katz and ranged from 0.38 to 13.97 for ELISA to Kato-Katz. The pooled ratio was 4.72 (95%CI: 3.87~ 5.76) for IHA to KK and 4.65 (95%CI: 3.50~ 6.17) for ELISA to KK. Subgroup analyses implied that the ratio of the serological to the egg-positive prevalence may decrease with the endemic levels. The highest prevalence ratio was observed when Kato-Katz was performed with three slides per stool or in hilly and mountainous regions. CONCLUSIONS The worm-determined prevalence by IHA or ELISA is 4- to 5-fold higher than the egg-determined prevalence by Kato-Katz, which implied Kato-Katz may largely underestimate the prevalence of S. japonicum in China. The degree of underestimation was greater when Kato-Katz with three slides per stool was carried out, especially in low endemic areas or in hilly and mountainous regions. Therefore, more attention should be paid to those egg-negative but worm-positive patients with the aim of final elimination of S. japonicum in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huan Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Da-Bing Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Xu X, Cui X, Zhu L, Li Z, Zhang Y, Ma L, Pan W. Effects of Polymorphisms in the SjSP-13 Gene of Schistosoma japonicum on Its Diagnostic Efficacy and Immunogenicity. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1695. [PMID: 30140260 PMCID: PMC6094988 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis japonica is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases in China. The scarcity of effective diagnostic tools is a major factor that contributes to the high prevalence of schistosomiasis japonica. SjSP-13 is a promising serological diagnostic biomarker of the disease. However, it is unclear whether polymorphisms in SjSP-13 affect its diagnostic efficacy and immunogenicity. Here, we found the SjSP-13 gene was highly polymorphic, and all the alleles of the gene were clustered into two clades, clade A and B. SjSP-13.6 and SjSP-13.25, the representative alleles of clade A and B, were produced in Escherichia coli. The diagnostic value of SjSP-13.6 (AUC = 0.983 ± 0.006), was found to be similar to the SjSP-13.25 (AUC = 0.973 ± 0.009) by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. SjSP-13.6 and SjSP-13.25 have the same specificity (96.7%), while the sensitivity of SjSP-13.6 (90.4%) is slightly but not significantly higher than SjSP-13.25 (85.2%). The combination use of the two alleles (SjSP-13.6/25) didn’t increase the diagnostic performance of SjSP-13 as the AUC value of SjSP-13.6/25 is 0.977 ± 0.009, lower than individual SjSP-13.6 (AUC = 0.983 ± 0.006). In addition, we found the immunogenicity of clade A alleles is significantly higher than clade B in Schistosoma japonicum naturally infected animals and patients, as the mean antibody levels of SjSP-13.6 was significantly higher than SjSP-13.25. We conclude that polymorphisms of the SjSP-13 gene should not affect its diagnostic efficacy, and it is not necessary to combine the alleles of the two clades for diagnosis of schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindong Xu
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobing Cui
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liufang Zhu
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengli Li
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanbin Zhang
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Ma
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqing Pan
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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53
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Ma Z, Liu X, Dong H, Xia D, Wang L, Chen Y, Xiong Y. Sorafenib and praziquantel synergistically attenuate Schistosoma japonicum-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:2831-2839. [PMID: 29946766 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-5972-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is an important process that occurs in most types of chronic liver diseases and often results in the end stage of liver diseases, such as cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Sorafenib, a multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been shown to inhibit liver fibrosis in multiple experimental fibrosis mouse and rat models. The aim of this study was to test the therapeutic effect of sorafenib on liver fibrosis induced by infection with a parasite, Schistosoma japonicum, in mice. Mice were percutaneously infected through the abdomen with Schistosoma cercariae to develop a schistosomula liver fibrosis model. Eight weeks after infection, infected mice were treated with the anti-parasitic agent praziquantel for 2 days and sorafenib for 2 weeks. Hepatic histopathological changes were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson's trichome staining. The hepatic expression levels of collagen I, collagen III, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and PDGF receptor-beta (PDGFR-β) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Praziquantel administration alone but not sorafenib reduced liver fibrosis, and the combination of praziquantel and sorafenib significantly attenuated liver fibrosis in S. japonicum-infected mice. Moreover, sorafenib plus praziquantel markedly decreased the hepatic deposition of collagen and expression of fibrogenic genes in these mice. In conclusion, the use of sorafenib following praziquantel treatment may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for liver fibrosis induced by S. japonicum in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Huifen Dong
- Department of Human Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Dong Xia
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Centre, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Xiong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Chen YY, Liu JB, Jiang Y, Li G, Shan XW, Zhang J, Cai SX, Huang XB. Dynamics of spatiotemporal distribution of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province, China. Acta Trop 2018; 180:88-96. [PMID: 29331279 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis caused by parasitic flatworms of blood flukes, remains a major public health concern in China. The significant progress in controlling schistosomiasis in China over the past decades has resulted in the remarkable reduction in the prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma japonicum infection to an extremely low level. Therefore, the elimination of schistosomiasis has been promoted by the Chinese national government. Hubei Province is the major endemic area, that is, along the middle and low reaches of the Yangtze River in the lake and marshland regions of southern China. Eliminating the transmission of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province is challenging. The current issue is to determine the distributions and clusters of schistosomiasis transmission. In this study, we assessed the spatial distribution of schistosomiasis and the risk at the county level in Hubei Province from 2011 to 2015 to provide guidance on the elimination of schistosomiasis transmission in lake and marshland regions. Spatial database of human S.japonicum infection from 2011 to 2015 at the county level in the study area was built based on the annual schistosomias is surveillance data. Moran's I, the global spatial autocorrelation statistics, was utilized to describe the spatial autocorrelation of human S. japonicum infection. In addition, purely spatial scan statistics combined with space-time scan statistics were used to determine the epidemic clusters. Infection rates of S. japonicum decreased in each endemic county in Hubei from 2011 to 2015. Human S. japonicum infection rate showed statistical significance by global autocorrelation analysis during the study period (Moran's I > 0, P < 0.01). This result suggested that there were spatial clusters present in the distribution of S. japonicum infection for the five years. Purely spatial analysis of human S. japonicum infection showed one most likely cluster and one secondary cluster from 2011 to 2015, which covered four and one counties, respectively. Spatiotemporal clustering analysis determined one most likely cluster and one secondary cluster both in 2011-2012, which appeared in 4 and 5 counties, respectively. However, the number of clustering foci decreased with time, and no cluster was detected after 2013.The clustering foci were both located at the Jianghan Plain, along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and its connecting branch Hanbei River. Spatial distribution of human S. japonicum infections did not change temporally at the county level in Hubei Province. A declining trend in spatiotemporal clustering was observed between 2011 and 2015. However, effective control strategies and integrated prevention should be continuously performed, especially at the Jianghan Plain area along the Yangtze and Hanbei River Basin. Multivariate statistical analysis was carried out to investigate the risk of missing examinations, missing treatment, and unstandardized treatment events. The results showed that age, education level and Sanitary latrines are risk factors for missing examinations (b > 0, OR >1), and treatment times in past and feeding cattle in village group are protective factors (b < 0, OR <1). We also found that age and education level are risk factors for missing treatment (b > 0, OR >1). Study of the risk for un-standardized treatment revealed that occupation is risk factors (b > 0, OR >1), though, education level is protective factors (b < 0, OR <1). Therefore, precise prevention and control should be mainly targeted at these special populations.
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55
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Tang X, Hu W, Lv Y, Zhang W, Sun T, Jiang Y, Zhan X, Zhou S. A Polysaccharide from Amusium Pleuronectes Combined with Praziquantel Treatment Ameliorates Hepatic Fibrosis in Schistosoma Japonicum-Infected Mice. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:1597-1603. [PMID: 29550831 PMCID: PMC5870401 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polysaccharides from bivalves have multiple bioactivities in various aspects of biology. However, the role of a polysaccharide derived from Amusium pleuronectes on potential hepatoprotective effects remains unclear. Material/Methods A water-soluble polysaccharide was isolated from Amusium pleuronectes (APS-1) using ultrasound-assisted hot-water extraction. The molecular weight of APS-1 was approximately 11.7 kDa and was determined by calibration with dextran. APS-1 was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and mainly consisted of a uniform glucose polymer. The protective effect of APS-1 on Schistosoma japonicum-induced liver fibrosis was investigated in a mouse model. Results Treatment with APS-1 increased serum levels of interleukin (IL)-12 and interferon (IFN)-γ, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and decreased levels of IL-13 and IL-5, and hyaluronidase activity. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the collagen content of hepatic tissue of APS-1-treated mice, including that of collagen I, II, and IV, was dramatically decreased. Furthermore, our data showed that combined treatment of APS-1 with praziquantel had more pronounced effects than treatment with either APS-1 or praziquantel alone. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the treatment using APS-1 in combination with praziquantel attenuated S. japonicum egg-induced hepatic fibrosis, and possessed potent hepatoprotective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoniu Tang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland).,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Hu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yechao Lv
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Wenqi Zhang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Tian Sun
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland).,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaodong Zhan
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland).,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Shulin Zhou
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland).,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China (mainland)
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56
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Li G, Zhou X, Liu J, Chen Y, Zhang H, Chen Y, Liu J, Jiang H, Yang J, Nie S. Comparison of three data mining models for prediction of advanced schistosomiasis prognosis in the Hubei province. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006262. [PMID: 29447165 PMCID: PMC5831639 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to better assist medical professionals, this study aimed to develop and compare the performance of three models-a multivariate logistic regression (LR) model, an artificial neural network (ANN) model, and a decision tree (DT) model-to predict the prognosis of patients with advanced schistosomiasis residing in the Hubei province. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Schistosomiasis surveillance data were collected from a previous study based on a Hubei population sample including 4136 advanced schistosomiasis cases. The predictive models use LR, ANN, and DT methods. From each of the three groups, 70% of the cases (2896 cases) were used as training data for the predictive models. The remaining 30% of the cases (1240 cases) were used as validation groups for performance comparisons between the three models. Prediction performance was evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Univariate analysis indicated that 16 risk factors were significantly associated with a patient's outcome of prognosis. In the training group, the mean AUC was 0.8276 for LR, 0.9267 for ANN, and 0.8229 for DT. In the validation group, the mean AUC was 0.8349 for LR, 0.8318 for ANN, and 0.8148 for DT. The three models yielded similar results in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Predictive models for advanced schistosomiasis prognosis, respectively using LR, ANN and DT models were proved to be effective approaches based on our dataset. The ANN model outperformed the LR and DT models in terms of AUC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhou
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianbing Liu
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanqi Chen
- Department of Mathematics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hengtao Zhang
- Department of Mathematics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Yichang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Hongbo Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjing Yang
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shaofa Nie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Li S, Chen Y, Xia C, Lynn H, Gao F, Wang Q, Zhang S, Hu Y, Zhang Z. The Spatial-Temporal Trend Analysis of Schistosomiasis from 1997 to 2010 in Anhui Province, Eastern China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018; 98:1145-1151. [PMID: 29436347 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is still prevalent in some parts of China. A shift in strategy from morbidity control to elimination has led to great strides in the past several decades. The objective of this study was to explore the spatial and temporal characteristics of schistosomiasis in Anhui, an eastern province of China. In this study, township-based parasitological data were collected from annual cross-sectional surveys during 1997-2010. The kernel k-means method was used to identify spatial clusters of schistosomiasis, and an empirical mode decomposition technique was used to analyze the temporal trend for Schistosoma japonicum in each clustered region. Overall, the prevalence of schistosomiasis remained at a low level except for the resurgence in 2005. According to the Caliński-Harabas index, all the townships were classified into three different clusters (median prevalence: 3.6 per 10,100, 1.8 per 10,000 and 1.7 per 10,000), respectively representing high-, median-, and low-risk clusters. There was an increasing tendency observed for the disease over time. The prevalence increased rapidly from 2003 to 2005, peaked in 2006, and then decreased afterward in the high-risk cluster. A moderate increase was observed in the median-risk cluster from 1998 to 2006, but there was an obvious decreasing tendency in the low-risk cluster after the year 2000. The spatial and temporal patterns of schistosomiasis were nonsynchronous across the three clusters. Disease interventions may be adjusted according to the risk levels of the clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory for Spatial Analysis and Modelling, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Congcong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory for Spatial Analysis and Modelling, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Henry Lynn
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenghua Gao
- Anhui Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qizhi Wang
- Anhui Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shiqing Zhang
- Anhui Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Laboratory for Spatial Analysis and Modelling, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory for Spatial Analysis and Modelling, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Sokolow SH, Wood CL, Jones IJ, Lafferty KD, Kuris AM, Hsieh MH, De Leo GA. To Reduce the Global Burden of Human Schistosomiasis, Use 'Old Fashioned' Snail Control. Trends Parasitol 2018; 34:23-40. [PMID: 29126819 PMCID: PMC5819334 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Control strategies to reduce human schistosomiasis have evolved from 'snail picking' campaigns, a century ago, to modern wide-scale human treatment campaigns, or preventive chemotherapy. Unfortunately, despite the rise in preventive chemotherapy campaigns, just as many people suffer from schistosomiasis today as they did 50 years ago. Snail control can complement preventive chemotherapy by reducing the risk of transmission from snails to humans. Here, we present ideas for modernizing and scaling up snail control, including spatiotemporal targeting, environmental diagnostics, better molluscicides, new technologies (e.g., gene drive), and 'outside the box' strategies such as natural enemies, traps, and repellants. We conclude that, to achieve the World Health Assembly's stated goal to eliminate schistosomiasis, it is time to give snail control another look.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne H Sokolow
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA; Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
| | - Chelsea L Wood
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195-5020, USA
| | - Isabel J Jones
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
| | - Kevin D Lafferty
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, c/o Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Armand M Kuris
- Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Michael H Hsieh
- Children's National Health System, Washington DC, 20010, USA; The George Washington University, Washington DC, 20037, USA; Biomedical Research Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Giulio A De Leo
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA
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Zhou S, Huang G. Design, synthesis and bioactivities of phenithionate analogues or derivatives for anti-schistosomiasis. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 9:328-336. [PMID: 30108926 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00590c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of phenithionate analogues or derivatives were designed and synthesized using phenithionate as the lead compound, and their bioactivities were studied. Their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and elemental analysis, respectively. The results of in vitro inhibitory activity measurement proved that compounds 5a, 5c, 5g, 5i, 5m and 5o had a better inhibitory effect on larva and imago schistosoma. Among them, the inhibitory activity of compound 5i for larva schistosoma was IC50 = 5.21 ± 0.04 μg mL-1, and for imago schistosoma it was IC50 = 6.35 ± 0.08 μg mL-1. Moreover, the experimental results of in vivo anti-schistosomiasis activity measurement showed that they had good anti-schistosomiasis activity. Therefore, these compounds had better drugability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Zhou
- College of Chemistry , Chongqing Normal University , Chongqing 401331 , China . .,Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Biotechnology of Active Substances in Chongqing Normal University , Chongqing 401331 , China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- College of Chemistry , Chongqing Normal University , Chongqing 401331 , China . .,Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Biotechnology of Active Substances in Chongqing Normal University , Chongqing 401331 , China
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Ding H, Liu F, Zhu L, Wu F, Liu Q, He S, Shao W, Du Y, Ren C, Shen J, Liu M. Tyrosine kinase 4 is involved in the reproduction of the platyhelminth parasite Schistosoma japonicum. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:498. [PMID: 29047397 PMCID: PMC5648501 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2453-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis is one of the most common parasitic diseases affecting millions of humans and animals worldwide. Understanding the signal transduction pathways and the molecular basis of reproductive regulation in schistosomes is critically important for developing new strategies for preventing and treating these infections. Syk kinases regulate the proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis, and survival of various types of cells and have been identified in invertebrates. Tyrosine kinase 4 (TK4), a member of the Syk kinase family, plays a pivotal role in gametogenesis in S. mansoni, affecting the development of the testis and ovaries in this parasite. The role of TK4, however, in the reproduction of S. japonicum is poorly understood. METHODS Here, the complete coding sequence of TK4 gene in S. japonicum (SjTK4) was cloned and characterized. The expression of SjTK4 was analyzed at different life-cycle stages and in various tissues of S. japonicum by qPCR. Piceatannol, a Syk kinase inhibitor, was applied to S. japonicum in vitro. The piceatannol-induced morphological changes of the parasites were observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy and the alterations in important egg-shell synthesis-related genes were examined using qPCR analyses. RESULTS SjTK4 mRNA was differentially expressed throughout the life-cycle of S. japonicum. SjTK4 mRNA was highly expressed in the ovary and testis of S. japonicum, with the level of gene expression significantly higher in males than in females. The expression levels of some important egg-shell synthesis related genes were higher in the piceatannol-treated groups than in the vehicle-treated control group and the number of eggs and germ cells also decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. Importantly, large pore-like structures can be found in the testis and ovaries of males and females after treating with piceatannol. CONCLUSION The results suggest that SjTK4 may play an important role in regulating gametogenesis of S. japonicum. The findings may help better understand the fundamental biology of S. japonicum. Moreover, the effect of S. japonicum treatment by piceatannol provides us with a new idea that inhibition of SjTK4 signaling pathway can effectively retard the development of the testis and ovaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Ding
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengchun Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu He
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shao
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinan Du
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Ren
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jijia Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China.
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Song L, Wu X, Zhang B, Liu J, Ning A, Wu Z. A cross-sectional survey comparing a free treatment program for advanced schistosomiasis japonica to a general assistance program. Parasitol Res 2017; 116:2901-2909. [PMID: 28884235 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5596-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence and intensity of schistosomiasis has dropped dramatically in China due to an effective integrated control program. However, advanced schistosomiasis is becoming a key challenge on the road to elimination. The aims of this study were to compare the disease condition between advanced cases under the general assistance program (GAP) and free treatment program (FTP) and to determine whether the FTP should be popularized to provide an objective reference for policymakers in China's advanced schistosomiasis control program. One hundred and ninety-four patients with schistosomiasis japonica who were enrolled in the GAP or FTP participated in this study. Little significant difference was observed in the potential confounders, including general characteristics, comorbidities, and lifestyle, indicating a similar effect on the pathology of liver damage caused by schistosome infection. There was no apparent difference in the incidence of common clinical symptoms. Furthermore, no significant difference was observed in the ultrasound findings, implying that the GAP and FTP groups shared a similar degree of liver lesion. With the exception of the abnormal rates of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and hyaluronic acid (HA), the other serological indicators were comparable between the groups. Overall, the FTP is not a better option for controlling advanced schistosomiasis in China. It is important to reveal the precise mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of advanced schistosomiasis so that specific approaches to treating and preventing the development of advanced schistosomiasis can be developed and schistosomiasis can be eliminated in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langui Song
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Jiahua Liu
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - An Ning
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Zhongdao Wu
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
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Shi Y, Qiu J, Li R, Shen Q, Huang D. Identification of Potential High-Risk Habitats within the Transmission Reach of Oncomelania hupensis after Floods Based on SAR Techniques in a Plane Region in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14090986. [PMID: 28867814 PMCID: PMC5615523 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14090986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis japonica is an infectious disease caused by Schistosoma japonicum, and it remains endemic in China. Flooding is the main hazard factor, as it causes the spread of Oncomelania hupensis, the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum, thereby triggering schistosomiasis outbreaks. Based on multi-source real-time remote sensing data, we used remote sensing (RS) technology, especially synthetic aperture radar (SAR), and geographic information system (GIS) techniques to carry out warning research on potential snail habitats within the snail dispersal range following flooding. Our research result demonstrated: (1) SAR data from Sentinel-1A before and during a flood were used to identify submerged areas rapidly and effectively; (2) the likelihood of snail survival was positively correlated with the clay proportion, core area standard deviation, and ditch length but negatively correlated with the wetness index, NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index), elevation, woodland area, and construction land area; (3) the snail habitats were most abundant near rivers and ditches in paddy fields; (4) the rivers and paddy irrigation ditches in the submerged areas must be the focused of mitigation efforts following future floods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Estimate for Environment and Disaster of Hubei Province, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Juan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Estimate for Environment and Disaster of Hubei Province, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China.
| | - Rendong Li
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Estimate for Environment and Disaster of Hubei Province, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China.
| | - Qiang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Estimate for Environment and Disaster of Hubei Province, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China.
| | - Duan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Estimate for Environment and Disaster of Hubei Province, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Li F, Ma S, Li Y, Tan H, Hou X, Ren G, Cai K. Impact of the Three Gorges project on ecological environment changes and snail distribution in Dongting Lake area. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005661. [PMID: 28683113 PMCID: PMC5500280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Three Gorges Dam (TGD) is a remarkable, far-reaching project in China. This study was conducted to assess the impact of TGD on changes in the ecological environment, snail distribution and schistosomiasis transmission in Dongting Lake area. METHODS Hydrological data were collected from 12 monitoring sites in Hunan section of Yangtze River before and after TGD was established. Data on snail distribution and human schistosomiasis infection were also collected. Correlation analyses were performed to detect the significance of snail distribution to changes in ecological environmental factors and human schistosomiasis infection. FINDINGS A series of ecological environmental factors have changed in Dongting Lake area following the operation of TGD. Volume of annual runoff discharged into Dongting Lake declined by 20.85%. Annual sediment volume discharged into the lake and the mean lake sedimentation rate decreased by 73.9% and 32.2%, respectively. From 2003 to 2015, occurrence rate of frames with living snails and mean density of living snails decreased overall by 82.43% and 94.35%, respectively, with annual decrements being 13.49% and 21.29%. Moreover, human infection rate of schistosomiasis had decreased from 3.38% in 2003 to 0.44% in 2015, with a reduction of 86.98%. Correlation analyses showed that mean density of living snails was significantly associated with water level (r = 0.588, p<0.001), as well as the mean elevation range of the bottomland (r = 0.374, p = 0.025) and infection rate of schistosomiasis (r = 0.865, p<0.001). CONCLUSION Ecological environmental changes caused by the TGD were associated with distribution of snails, and might further affect the transmission and prevalence of schistosomiasis. Risk of schistosomiasis transmission still exists in Dongting Lake area and long-term monitoring is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyue Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Prevention and Control, Hunan Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, China
| | - Shujuan Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiyi Li
- Department of Prevention and Control, Hunan Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, China
| | - Hongzhuan Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Xunya Hou
- Department of Science and Education, Hunan Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Department of Prevention and Control, Hunan Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, China
| | - Kaiping Cai
- Department of Prevention and Control, Hunan Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Yueyang, China
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Geyer KK, Niazi UH, Duval D, Cosseau C, Tomlinson C, Chalmers IW, Swain MT, Cutress DJ, Bickham-Wright U, Munshi SE, Grunau C, Yoshino TP, Hoffmann KF. The Biomphalaria glabrata DNA methylation machinery displays spatial tissue expression, is differentially active in distinct snail populations and is modulated by interactions with Schistosoma mansoni. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005246. [PMID: 28510608 PMCID: PMC5433704 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The debilitating human disease schistosomiasis is caused by infection with schistosome parasites that maintain a complex lifecycle alternating between definitive (human) and intermediate (snail) hosts. While much is known about how the definitive host responds to schistosome infection, there is comparably less information available describing the snail's response to infection. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPLE FINDINGS Here, using information recently revealed by sequencing of the Biomphalaria glabrata intermediate host genome, we provide evidence that the predicted core snail DNA methylation machinery components are associated with both intra-species reproduction processes and inter-species interactions. Firstly, methyl-CpG binding domain protein (Bgmbd2/3) and DNA methyltransferase 1 (Bgdnmt1) genes are transcriptionally enriched in gonadal compared to somatic tissues with 5-azacytidine (5-AzaC) treatment significantly inhibiting oviposition. Secondly, elevated levels of 5-methyl cytosine (5mC), DNA methyltransferase activity and 5mC binding in pigmented hybrid- compared to inbred (NMRI)- B. glabrata populations indicate a role for the snail's DNA methylation machinery in maintaining hybrid vigour or heterosis. Thirdly, locus-specific detection of 5mC by bisulfite (BS)-PCR revealed 5mC within an exonic region of a housekeeping protein-coding gene (Bg14-3-3), supporting previous in silico predictions and whole genome BS-Seq analysis of this species' genome. Finally, we provide preliminary evidence for parasite-mediated host epigenetic reprogramming in the schistosome/snail system, as demonstrated by the increase in Bgdnmt1 and Bgmbd2/3 transcript abundance following Bge (B. glabrata embryonic cell line) exposure to parasite larval transformation products (LTP). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The presence of a functional DNA methylation machinery in B. glabrata as well as the modulation of these gene products in response to schistosome products, suggests a vital role for DNA methylation during snail development/oviposition and parasite interactions. Further deciphering the role of this epigenetic process during Biomphalaria/Schistosoma co-evolutionary biology may reveal key factors associated with disease transmission and, moreover, enable the discovery of novel lifecycle intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin K. Geyer
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth, United Kingodm
| | - Umar H. Niazi
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth, United Kingodm
| | - David Duval
- Université Perpignan Via Domitia, CNRS, IFREMER, Perpignan, France
| | - Céline Cosseau
- Université Perpignan Via Domitia, CNRS, IFREMER, Perpignan, France
| | - Chad Tomlinson
- Genome Sequencing Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Iain W. Chalmers
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth, United Kingodm
| | - Martin T. Swain
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth, United Kingodm
| | - David J. Cutress
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth, United Kingodm
| | - Utibe Bickham-Wright
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Wisconsin, Madison, United States of America
| | - Sabrina E. Munshi
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth, United Kingodm
| | - Christoph Grunau
- Université Perpignan Via Domitia, CNRS, IFREMER, Perpignan, France
| | - Timothy P. Yoshino
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Wisconsin, Madison, United States of America
| | - Karl F. Hoffmann
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth, United Kingodm
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Xu R, Feng J, Hong Y, Lv C, Zhao D, Lin J, Lu K, Li H, Liu J, Cao X, Wang T, Zai J, Wang Z, Jia B, Han Q, Zhu C. A novel colloidal gold immunochromatography assay strip for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica in domestic animals. Infect Dis Poverty 2017; 6:84. [PMID: 28388965 PMCID: PMC5384140 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-017-0297-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Schistosomiasis remains a major public health concern in China and an epidemiological survey has revealed that schistosome-infected bovines and goats are the main transmission sources for the disease. Therefore, development of a sensitive technique for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis in domestic animals is necessary. Method A novel colloidal gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) strip was developed for detecting Schistosoma japonicum in domestic animals. The colloidal gold was conjugated with recombinant streptococcal protein G (rSPG). As the test and control lines, the schistosome soluble egg antigen and rSPG, respectively, were blotted on nitrocellulose membrane. Results The lowest detectable serum dilution was 1∶640 for schistosome-infected buffaloes. The cross-reaction rate of GICA was 14.29% with Paramphistomum sp. in buffaloes, 16.67% with Haemonchus sp. in goats, and 33.33% with Orientobilharzia sp. in goats. These results were slightly lower and similar to those obtained through ELISA. Moreover, the strips for detecting S. japonicum in mice, rabbits, buffaloes, and goats showed high sensitivity (100.00%, 100.00%, 100.00%, and 100.00%, respectively) and specificity (100.00%, 100.00%, 94.23%, and 88.64%, respectively). And the sensitivity or specificity of the GICA strips did not present any significant differences after storage for 12 months at room temperature. When compared with ELISA, the GICA strips exhibited similar sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of schistosomiasis in mice, rabbits, buffaloes, and goats. Besides, only 5 μl of serum are required for the test and the detection can be completed within 5 min. Conclusion This study is the first to develop a GICA strip using gold–rSPG conjugate for the diagnosing of schistosomiasis in domestic animals, and preliminary results showed that the developed strip may be suitable for large-scale screening of schistosomiasis in endemic areas. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40249-017-0297-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jintao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yang Hong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Dengyun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jiaojiao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Ke Lu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jinming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xiaodan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jinli Zai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhaozhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Bingguang Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Qian Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chuangang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.518, Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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Sun LP, Wang W, Zuo YP, Zhang ZQ, Hong QB, Yang GJ, Zhu HR, Liang YS, Yang HT. An integrated environmental improvement of marshlands: impact on control and elimination of schistosomiasis in marshland regions along the Yangtze River, China. Infect Dis Poverty 2017; 6:72. [PMID: 28330510 PMCID: PMC5361825 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-017-0287-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis is a global snail-transmitted infectious disease of poverty. Transmission control had been achieved in China in 2015 after the control efforts for over 60 years. Currently, the remaining core regions endemic for Schistosoma japonicum are mainly located in the marshland and lake regions along the Yangtze River basin. METHODS During the period from 2001 through 2015, an integrated environmental improvement of the marshlands was carried out through the implementation of industrial, agricultural and resources development projects in Yizheng County along the Yangtze River. S. japonicum infection in humans, livestock and snails was estimated by serology, stool examination, hatching technique and microscopy during the 15-year study period to evaluate the effect of the integrated environmental improvement on control and elimination of schistosomiasis. RESULTS A 0.05% overall rate of S. japonicum infection was observed in snails during the 15-year study period, and no infected snails were detected since 2012. The overall prevalence of S. japonicum infection was 0.09% in humans during the study period, and no human infection was found since 2012. In addition, only 13 bovines were identified with S. japonicum infection in 2003 during the 15-year study period, and since 2004, no infection was found in livestock. CONCLUSION The results of the present study demonstrate that the implementation of industrial, agricultural and water resources development projects, not only alters snail habitats in marshland regions, and promotes local economic development, which appears a win-to-win strategy to block the transmission of S. japonicum and accelerate socio-economic development along the Yangtze River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Ping Sun
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
| | - Yin-Ping Zuo
- Yangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 36 Yanfu East Road, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225000 China
| | - Zheng-Qiu Zhang
- Yizheng County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NO. 1 Jiankang Road, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 211440 China
| | - Qing-Biao Hong
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
| | - Guo-Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
| | - Hong-Ru Zhu
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
| | - You-Sheng Liang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
| | - Hai-Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
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Sun LP, Wang W, Hong QB, Li SZ, Liang YS, Yang HT, Zhou XN. Approaches being used in the national schistosomiasis elimination programme in China: a review. Infect Dis Poverty 2017; 6:55. [PMID: 28292327 PMCID: PMC5351197 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-017-0271-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis japonica, caused by the human blood fluke Schistosoma japonicum, remains a major public health problem in China, although great success has been achieved. The control efforts during the past half-decade, notably the wide implementation of the new integrated strategy with emphasis on control of the source of S. japonicum infection across the country since 2004, has greatly reduced S. japonicum in humans, livestock, and intermediate host Oncomelania hupensis snails, and transmission control of schistosomiasis was achieved in China in 2015. A two-stage roadmap was therefore proposed for schistosomiasis elimination in 2015, with aims to achieve transmission interruption by 2020 and achieve disease elimination by 2025 in the country. During the last two decades, a variety of approaches, which target the epidemiological factors of schistosomiasis japonica have been developed, in order to block the transmission cycle of the parasite. These approaches have been employed in the national or local schistosomiasis control activities, and facilitated, at least in part, the progress of the schistosomiasis elimination programs. Here, we present an approach to control the source of S. japonicum infection, three new tools for snail control, three approaches for detecting and monitoring S. japonicum infection, and a novel model for health education. These approaches are considered to play a great role in the stage moving towards transmission interruption and elimination of schistosomiasis in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Ping Sun
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214064, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, Wuxi, 214064, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214064, China. .,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, Wuxi, 214064, China. .,Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064, China. .,School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
| | - Qing-Biao Hong
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214064, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, Wuxi, 214064, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064, China
| | - Shi-Zhu Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory for Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai, 200025, China.,WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - You-Sheng Liang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214064, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, Wuxi, 214064, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064, China
| | - Hai-Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214064, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, Wuxi, 214064, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, 214064, China
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Key Laboratory for Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Sun LP, Wang W, Zuo YP, Hong QB, Du GL, Ma YC, Wang J, Yang GJ, Zhu DJ, Liang YS. A multidisciplinary, integrated approach for the elimination of schistosomiasis: a longitudinal study in a historically hyper-endemic region in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China from 2005 to 2014. Infect Dis Poverty 2017; 6:56. [PMID: 28288689 PMCID: PMC5348877 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-017-0270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although great success has been achieved, schistosomiasis remains a major public health concern in China, and the remaining core endemic regions are concentrated along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In this longitudinal study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary, integrated approach for schistosomiasis elimination in a historically hyper-endemic region in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China over the 10-year period from 2005 through 2014. METHODS A three-step roadmap for schistosomiasis elimination was designed in the study site, and multidisciplinary, integrated interventions were implemented by the health, agriculture, water resources development, land and resources, and forestry sectors from 2005 to 2014, including chemotherapy for infected individuals, health education, management of the source of Schistosoma japonicum infection, and intermediate host snail control. The annual number of schistosomiasis patients, S. japonicum infection in humans, bovines and Oncomelania hupensis snails, and water infectivity were observed to assess the effectiveness of the multidisciplinary, integrated approach for the elimination of schistosomiasis. RESULTS There was a tendency towards a gradual decline in both the number of schistosomiasis cases and the prevalence of S. japonicum human infection across the study period from 2005 through 2014. No S. japonicum human infection was detected since 2012, and no acute infection was seen since 2006. During the study period, no infection was found in bovines, and a 0.03% overall infection rate was observed in O. hupensis snails. Since 2009, no infected snails were identified, and the area of both snail habitats and infected snail habitats appeared a reduction over the study period. Following the 3-year multidisciplinary, integrated control, infection control was achieved, and transmission control was achieved after 6-year implementation, with all infected snails and water infectivity eliminated; in addition, the 10-year implementation resulted in interruption of schistosomiasis transmission in the study site in 2014. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present 10-year longitudinal study demonstrate that the multidisciplinary, integrated approach is effective for the elimination of schistosomiasis as a public health problem in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Ping Sun
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
| | - Yin-Ping Zuo
- Yangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 36 Yanfu East Road, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225000 China
| | - Qing-Biao Hong
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
| | - Guang-Lin Du
- Yangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 36 Yanfu East Road, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225000 China
| | - Yu-Cai Ma
- Hanjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenhui West Road, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225000 China
| | - Jian Wang
- Yangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 36 Yanfu East Road, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225000 China
| | - Guo-Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
| | - Dao-Jian Zhu
- Yangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 36 Yanfu East Road, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225000 China
| | - You-Sheng Liang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, No. 117 Yangxiang, Meiyuan, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province 214064 China
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Xing W, Yu X, Feng J, Sun K, Fu W, Wang Y, Zou M, Xia W, Luo Z, He H, Li Y, Xu D. Field evaluation of a recombinase polymerase amplification assay for the diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum infection in Hunan province of China. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:164. [PMID: 28222680 PMCID: PMC5320755 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2182-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current diagnostic methods for Schistosoma japonicum infection are insensitive for low-density infections. Therefore, a new diagnostic assay based on recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technology was established and assessed for field applification. Methods The S.japonicum RPA assay was developed to target highly repetitive retrotransposon SjR2 gene of S japonicum, and its sensitivity and specificity were assessed by serial dilution of S. japonicum genomic DNA and other related worm genomic DNA respectively. The RPA diagnostic validity was first evaluated in 60 fecal samples from healthy people and patients, and then compared with other diagnostic tests in 200 high-risk individuals living in endemic areas. Results The real time RPA assay could detect 0.9 fg S. japonicum DNA within 15 min and distinguish S. japonicum from other worms. The validity analysis of RPA for the detection of S. japonicum in stool samples from 30 S. japonicum-infected patients and 30 healthy persons indicated 100% sensitivity and specificity. When testing 200 fecal or serum samples from a high-risk population, the percentage sensitivity of RPA was 100%, whereas that of indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were 80.3% and 85.2% respectively. In addition, the RPA presented better consistency with the stool-based tests than IHA and ELISA. Overall, the RPA was superior to other detection methods with respect to detection time, sensitivity, and convenience. Conclusions This is the first time we applied the RPA technology to the field evaluation of S. japonicum infection. And the results suggest that RPA-based assays can be used as a promising point-of-care test for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xing
- The Laboratory of genomic engineering, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinling Yu
- The key laboratory of Immune and Control of Schistosomiasis, Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Hunan, China
| | - Jingtao Feng
- The key laboratory of Immune and Control of Schistosomiasis, Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Hunan, China
| | - Kui Sun
- The Laboratory of genomic engineering, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenliang Fu
- The Laboratory of genomic engineering, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- The Laboratory of genomic engineering, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Minji Zou
- The Laboratory of genomic engineering, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenrong Xia
- The Laboratory of genomic engineering, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Luo
- The key laboratory of Immune and Control of Schistosomiasis, Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Hunan, China
| | - Hongbin He
- The key laboratory of Immune and Control of Schistosomiasis, Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Hunan, China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Donggang Xu
- The Laboratory of genomic engineering, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Gao SJ, Cao HH, He YY, Liu YJ, Zhang XY, Yang GJ, Zhou XN. The basic reproductive ratio of Barbour's two-host schistosomiasis model with seasonal fluctuations. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:42. [PMID: 28122646 PMCID: PMC5264280 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-1983-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Motivated by the first mathematical model for schistosomiasis proposed by Macdonald and Barbour’s classical schistosomiasis model tracking the dynamics of infected human population and infected snail hosts in a community, in our previous study, we incorporated seasonal fluctuations into Barbour’s model, but ignored the effect of bovine reservoir host in the transmission of schistosomiasis. Inspired by the findings from our previous work, the model was further improved by integrating two definitive hosts (human and bovine) and seasonal fluctuations, so as to understand the transmission dynamics of schistosomiasis japonica and evaluate the ongoing control measures in Liaonan village, Xingzi County, Jiangxi Province. Methods The basic reproductive ratio R0 and its computation formulae were derived by using the operator theory in functional analysis and the monodromy matrix theory. The mathematical methods for global dynamics of periodic systems were used in order to show that R0 serves as a threshold value that determines whether there was disease outbreak or not. The parameter fitting and the ratio calculation were performed with surveillance data obtained from the village of Liaonan using numerical simulation. Sensitivity analysis was carried out in order to understand the impact of R0 on seasonal fluctuations and snail host control. The modified basic reproductive ratios were compared with known results to illustrate the infection risk. Results The Barbour’s two-host model with seasonal fluctuations was proposed. The implicit expression of R0 for the model was given by the spectral radius of next infection operator. The R0s for the model ranged between 1.030 and 1.097 from 2003 to 2010 in the village of Liaonan, Xingzi County, China, with 1.097 recorded as the maximum value in 2005 but declined dramatically afterwards. In addition, we proved that the disease goes into extinction when R0 is less than one and persists when R0 is greater than one. Comparisons of the different improved models were also made. Conclusions Based on the mechanism and characteristics of schistosomiasis transmission, Barbour’s model was improved by considering seasonality. The implicit formula of R0 for the model and its calculation were given. Theoretical results showed that R0 gave a sharp threshold that determines whether the disease dies out or not. Simulations concluded that: (i) ignoring seasonality would overestimate the transmission risk of schistosomiasis, and (ii) mollusiciding is an effective control measure to curtail schistosomiasis transmission in Xingzi County when the removal rate of infected snails is small. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-017-1983-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jing Gao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Numerical Simulation and Emulation Techniques, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Hua-Hua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Numerical Simulation and Emulation Techniques, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yu-Ying He
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Numerical Simulation and Emulation Techniques, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yu-Jiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Numerical Simulation and Emulation Techniques, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Numerical Simulation and Emulation Techniques, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Guo-Jing Yang
- Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Key Laboratory on Control Technology for Parasitic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214064, China.,Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Shortt JA, Card DC, Schield DR, Liu Y, Zhong B, Castoe TA, Carlton EJ, Pollock DD. Whole Genome Amplification and Reduced-Representation Genome Sequencing of Schistosoma japonicum Miracidia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005292. [PMID: 28107347 PMCID: PMC5287463 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In areas where schistosomiasis control programs have been implemented, morbidity and prevalence have been greatly reduced. However, to sustain these reductions and move towards interruption of transmission, new tools for disease surveillance are needed. Genomic methods have the potential to help trace the sources of new infections, and allow us to monitor drug resistance. Large-scale genotyping efforts for schistosome species have been hindered by cost, limited numbers of established target loci, and the small amount of DNA obtained from miracidia, the life stage most readily acquired from humans. Here, we present a method using next generation sequencing to provide high-resolution genomic data from S. japonicum for population-based studies. Methodology/Principal Findings We applied whole genome amplification followed by double digest restriction site associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) to individual S. japonicum miracidia preserved on Whatman FTA cards. We found that we could effectively and consistently survey hundreds of thousands of variants from 10,000 to 30,000 loci from archived miracidia as old as six years. An analysis of variation from eight miracidia obtained from three hosts in two villages in Sichuan showed clear population structuring by village and host even within this limited sample. Conclusions/Significance This high-resolution sequencing approach yields three orders of magnitude more information than microsatellite genotyping methods that have been employed over the last decade, creating the potential to answer detailed questions about the sources of human infections and to monitor drug resistance. Costs per sample range from $50-$200, depending on the amount of sequence information desired, and we expect these costs can be reduced further given continued reductions in sequencing costs, improvement of protocols, and parallelization. This approach provides new promise for using modern genome-scale sampling to S. japonicum surveillance, and could be applied to other schistosome species and other parasitic helminthes. Schistosomiasis is a devastating tropical disease that affects more than 200 million people worldwide. Over the past several decades, transmission control strategies implemented in China have reduced the prevalence and morbidity of Schistosoma japonicum in many areas. Infections still persist, however, and it is therefore of great interest to determine the sources of recurring infections. Genetic analysis is a promising means to achieve this. Towards this aim, we conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility of using high-throughput sequencing to assess the geographic distribution of schistosome genetic variants. Because DNA yields from miracidia, the most easily accessible life stage, are insufficient for high throughput sequencing, we first employed whole genome amplification to obtain sufficient quantities of DNA. We then employed a technique that reproducibly sequences the same fraction of a genome across numerous samples. We successfully sequenced 6-year old S. japonicum samples from Sichuan Province, China, easily and economically identifying tens of thousands of variable loci, a sufficient number to discriminate fine-scale population structure. Further population sampling will help answer important questions concerning the persistence of infections, the sources of new infections, and whether parasite populations have undergone incipient evolution of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A. Shortt
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Daren C. Card
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States of America
| | - Drew R. Schield
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States of America
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Parasitic Disease, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhong
- Institute of Parasitic Disease, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Todd A. Castoe
- Department of Biology, University of Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth J. Carlton
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Colorado, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - David D. Pollock
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Head JR, Chang H, Li Q, Hoover CM, Wilke T, Clewing C, Carlton EJ, Liang S, Lu D, Zhong B, Remais JV. Genetic Evidence of Contemporary Dispersal of the Intermediate Snail Host of Schistosoma japonicum: Movement of an NTD Host Is Facilitated by Land Use and Landscape Connectivity. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0005151. [PMID: 27977674 PMCID: PMC5157946 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the dispersal of hosts and vectors-through active or passive movement-is known to facilitate the spread and re-emergence of certain infectious diseases, little is known about the movement ecology of Oncomelania spp., intermediate snail host of the parasite Schistosoma japonicum, and its consequences for the spread of schistosomiasis in East and Southeast Asia. In China, despite intense control programs aimed at preventing schistosomiasis transmission, there is evidence in recent years of re-emergence and persistence of infection in some areas, as well as an increase in the spatial extent of the snail host. A quantitative understanding of the dispersal characteristics of the intermediate host can provide new insights into the spatial dynamics of transmission, and can assist public health officials in limiting the geographic spread of infection. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Oncomelania hupensis robertsoni snails (n = 833) were sampled from 29 sites in Sichuan, China, genotyped, and analyzed using Bayesian assignment to estimate the rate of recent snail migration across sites. Landscape connectivity between each site pair was estimated using the geographic distance distributions derived from nine environmental models: Euclidean, topography, incline, wetness, land use, watershed, stream use, streams and channels, and stream velocity. Among sites, 14.4% to 32.8% of sampled snails were identified as recent migrants, with 20 sites comprising >20% migrants. Migration rates were generally low between sites, but at 8 sites, over 10% of the overall host population originated from one proximal site. Greater landscape connectivity was significantly associated with increased odds of migration, with the minimum path distance (as opposed to median or first quartile) emerging as the strongest predictor across all environmental models. Models accounting for land use explained the largest proportion of the variance in migration rates between sites. A greater number of irrigation channels leading into a site was associated with an increase in the site's propensity to both attract and retain snails. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our findings have important implications for controlling the geographic spread of schistosomiasis in China, through improved understanding of the dispersal capacity of the parasite's intermediate host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R. Head
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Howard Chang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Qunna Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Christopher M. Hoover
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas Wilke
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Catharina Clewing
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Elizabeth J. Carlton
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Song Liang
- Department of Environmental & Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ding Lu
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Justin V. Remais
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
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Hu Y, Li S, Xia C, Chen Y, Lynn H, Zhang T, Xiong C, Chen G, He Z, Zhang Z. Assessment of the national schistosomiasis control program in a typical region along the Yangtze River, China. Int J Parasitol 2016; 47:21-29. [PMID: 27866904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis remains a major public health problem in eastern China, particularly along the Yangtze River Basin. The latest national schistosomiasis control program (NSCP) was implemented in 2005 with the main goal of reducing the rate of infection to less than 5% by 2008 and 1% by 2015. To assess the progress, we applied a Bayesian spatio-temporal model to describe dynamics of schistosomiasis in Guichi, Anhui Province, China, using annual parasitological and environmental data collected within 41 sample villages for the period 2005-2011. Predictive maps of schistosomiasis showed that the disease prevalence remains constant and low. Results of uncertainty analysis, in the form of probability contour maps (PCMs), indicated that the first goal of "infection rate less than 5% by 2008" was fully achieved in the study area. More longitudinal data for schistosomiasis are needed for the assessment of the second goal of "infection rate less than 1% by 2015". Compared with the traditional way of mapping uncertainty (e.g., variance or mean-square error), our PCMs provide more realistic information for schistosomiasis control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Laboratory for Spatial Analysis and Modeling, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Laboratory for Spatial Analysis and Modeling, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Congcong Xia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Laboratory for Spatial Analysis and Modeling, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Epidemiology, Pubic Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Henry Lynn
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Laboratory for Spatial Analysis and Modeling, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglong Xiong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gengxin Chen
- Schistosomiasis Station of Prevention and Control in Guichi Distirct, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zonggui He
- Schistosomiasis Station of Prevention and Control in Guichi Distirct, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Laboratory for Spatial Analysis and Modeling, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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74
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Zhu S, Wang S, Lin Y, Jiang P, Cui X, Wang X, Zhang Y, Pan W. Release of extracellular vesicles containing small RNAs from the eggs of Schistosoma japonicum. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:574. [PMID: 27825390 PMCID: PMC5101684 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1845-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Schistosoma japonicum is a parasitic flatworm that causes human schistosomiasis. Secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in pathogen-host interfaces. Previous studies have shown that S. japonicum adult worms can release microRNA (miRNA)-containing EVs, which can transfer their cargo to mammalian cells and regulate gene expression in recipient cells. Tissue-trapped eggs are generally considered the major contributor to the severe pathology of schistosomiasis; however, the interactions between the host and parasite in this critical stage remain largely unknown. Methods The culture medium for S. japonicum eggs in vitro was used to isolate EVs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis was used to confirm that vesicles produced by the eggs were EVs based on size and morphology. Total RNA extracted from EVs was analyzed by Solexa technology to determine the miRNA profile. The in vitro internalization of the EVs by mammalian cells was analyzed by confocal microscopy. The presence of EVs associated miRNAs in the primary hepatocytes of infected mice was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results EVs were isolated from the culture medium of in vitro cultivated S. japonicum eggs. TEM analysis confirmed that nanosized vesicles were present in the culture medium. RNA-seq analysis showed that the egg-derived EVs contained small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) populations including miRNAs, suggesting a potential role in host manipulation. This study further showed that Hepa1-6, a murine liver cell line, internalized the purified EVs and their cargo miRNAs that were detectable in the primary hepatocytes of mice infected with S. japonicum. Conclusions Schistosoma japonicum eggs can release miRNA-containing EVs, and the EVs can transfer their cargo to recipient cells in vitro. These results demonstrate the regulatory potential of S. japonicum egg EVs at the parasite-host interface. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1845-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanli Zhu
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sai Wang
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengyue Jiang
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobin Cui
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinye Wang
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanbin Zhang
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqing Pan
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Tropical Infectious Diseases, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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75
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Wang X, Wang W, Wang P. Long-term effectiveness of the integrated schistosomiasis control strategy with emphasis on infectious source control in China: a 10-year evaluation from 2005 to 2014. Parasitol Res 2016; 116:521-528. [PMID: 27812902 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5315-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical parasitic disease of great public health significance worldwide. Currently, mass drug administration with praziquantel remains the major strategy for global schistosomiasis control programs. Since 2005, an integrated strategy with emphasis on infectious source control was implemented for the control of schistosomiasis japonica, a major public health concern in China, and pilot studies have demonstrated that such a strategy is effective to reduce the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in both humans and bovines. However, there is little knowledge on the long-term effectiveness of this integrated strategy for controlling schistosomiasis japonica. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of the integrated strategy for schistosomiasis control following the 10-year implementation, based on the data from the national schistosomiasis control program released by the Ministry of Health, People's Republic of China. In 2014, there were 5 counties in which the transmission of schistosomiasis japonica had not been interrupted, which reduced by 95.2% as compared to that in 2005 (105 counties). The number of schistosomiasis patients and acute cases reduced by 85.5 and 99.7% in 2014 (115,614 cases and 2 cases) as compared to that in 2005 (798,762 cases and 564 cases), and the number of bovines and S. japonicum-infected bovines reduced by 47.9 and 98% in 2014 (919,579 bovines and 666 infected bovines) as compared to that in 2005 (1,764,472 bovines and 33,736 infected bovines), respectively. During the 10-year implementation of the integrated strategy, however, there was a minor fluctuation in the area of Oncomelania hupensis snail habitats, and there was only a 5.6% reduction in the area of snail habitats in 2014 relative to in 2005. The results of the current study demonstrate that the 10-year implementation of the integrated strategy with emphasis on infectious source has greatly reduced schistosomiasis-related morbidity in humans and bovines. It is concluded that the new integrated strategy has remarkable long-term effectiveness on the transmission of schistosomiasis japonica in China, which facilitates the shift of the national schistosomiasis control program from transmission control to transmission interruption and elimination. However, such a strategy seems to have little effect on the shrinking of areas of snail habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Jingzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingzhou City, Hubei, 434000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, 214064, China.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasites and Vector Control Technology, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, 214064, China.,Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, 214064, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Wuxi No. 2 Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Zhongshan Road, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, 214002, China.
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76
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Zhu H, Cai SX, Liu JB, Tu ZW, Xia J, Shan XW, Qiu J, Jiang Y, Xiao Y, Tang L, Huang XB. A spatial analysis of human Schistosoma japonicum infections in Hubei, China, during 2009-2014. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:529. [PMID: 27716421 PMCID: PMC5050672 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1817-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The province of Hubei is located in the middle of China, near the middle and lower reaches of the River Yangtze, and is an area where schistosomiasis is endemic. It is challenging to control this disease in this environment, and it would be useful to identify clusters of infection and transmission, as well as their distributions during recent years. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of schistosomiasis in Hubei, in order to facilitate the effective control and elimination of this disease. METHODS We collected schistosomiasis surveillance data from all endemic counties in Hubei during 2009-2014. A geographical information system (ArcGIS, version 10.1) was used to link the counties' geographical data with the epidemiological data, and the spatial scanning method (FleXScan v3.1.2) was used to identify spatial clusters of human infections with Schistosoma japonicum. RESULTS In Hubei, patients who exhibited stool test results that were positive for S. japonicum accounted for > 50 % of all cases in China during 2009-2014. However, each endemic county in Hubei exhibited a declining trend in the number of human S. japonicum infections during the study period. The ArcGIS analyses revealed that the middle reaches of the River Yangtze were highly endemic for S. japonicum infections. Spatial scan analyses revealed the following infection clusters: two clusters in ten counties during 2009, two clusters in nine counties during 2010, three clusters in 12 counties during 2011, two clusters in 12 counties during both 2012 and 2013 and two clusters in ten counties during 2014. Most of the cluster regions were located in the lake and marshland regions along the basins of the River Yangtze. CONCLUSION We successfully identified schistosomiasis clusters at the county level in Hubei during 2009-2014, and our results revealed that the clusters were typically located in lake and marshland regions. These data may be useful for controlling and eliminating schistosomiasis in other high-risk areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhu
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Shun-Xiang Cai
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Jian-Bing Liu
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Zu-Wu Tu
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Jing Xia
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Xiao-Wei Shan
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Juan Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Evaluation, Hubei, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 430077 Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Li Tang
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Xi-Bao Huang
- Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei Provincial Academy of Preventive Medicine, Wuhan, 430079 China
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77
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History of schistosomiasis epidemiology, current status, and challenges in China: on the road to schistosomiasis elimination. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:4071-4081. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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78
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Sun K, Xing W, Yu X, Fu W, Wang Y, Zou M, Luo Z, Xu D. Recombinase polymerase amplification combined with a lateral flow dipstick for rapid and visual detection of Schistosoma japonicum. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:476. [PMID: 27577576 PMCID: PMC5006264 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1745-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the continuous decline in prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma japonicum infection in China, more accurate and sensitive methods suitable for field detection become much needed for schistosomiasis control. Here, a novel rapid and visual detection method based on the combination of recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and lateral flow dipstick (LFD) was developed to detect S. japonicum DNA in fecal samples. RESULTS The LFD-RPA assay targeting SjR2 could detect 5 fg S. japonicum DNA, which was identical to qPCR and real-time RPA assay, and showed no cross-reaction with other parasites. The detection could be finished within 15-20 min at a wide temperature range (25-45 °C), and the results could be visualized by naked eye. The diagnostic validity of LFD-RPA assay was further assessed with 14 fecal samples of infected patients diagnosed by Kato-Katz method and 31 fecal samples of healthy persons, and compared with that of Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELSIA) and Indirect Hemagglutination Assay (IHA). The LFD-RPA assay showed 92.68 % sensitivity, 100 % specificity and excellent diagnostic agreement with the gold standard Kato-Katz test (k = 0.947, Z = 6.36, P < 0.001), whereas ELISA showed 85.71 % sensitivity, 93.55 % specificity, and substantial diagnostic agreement (k = 0.793, Z = 5.31, P < 0.001), and IHA showed 78.57 % sensitivity, 83.87 % specificity, and moderate diagnostic agreement (k = 0.600, Z = 4.05, P < 0.001), indicating that the LFD-RPA was much better than the traditional methods. CONCLUSIONS The LFD-RPA assay established by us is a sensitive, specific, rapid and convenient method for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis, and shows a great potency in field application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Sun
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Xing
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinling Yu
- The key laboratory of Immune and Control of Schistosomiasis, Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenliang Fu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Minji Zou
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Luo
- The key laboratory of Immune and Control of Schistosomiasis, Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Donggang Xu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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79
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Song L, Wu X, Ren J, Gao Z, Xu Y, Xie H, Li D, Gong Z, Hu F, Liu H, Chen Y, Wu Z, Ning A. Assessment of the effect of treatment and assistance program on advanced patients with schistosomiasis japonica in China from 2009 to 2014. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:4267-4273. [PMID: 27461114 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is one of the most important zoonoses, threatening approximately 800 million people in 78 countries with a loss of 70 million disability-adjusted life years. Over the past six decades, China has made remarkable achievements in morbidity control, but disability and mortality control remains much to desire; thus, advanced schistosomiasis is a growing problem when on the road to schistosomiasis elimination. Since 2005, China has initiated a national treatment and assistance program to advanced patients, aiming to improve patients' symptoms and quality of life. Here, we conducted a two-phase study to evaluate the program's implementation and effect on advanced patients from 2009 to 2014 in Jiangxi Province, China. A total of 6425 advanced schistosomiasis cases were included in this study. For those having been treated and assisted (90.7 %), the cure or improvement rate was over 99.9 %, with 668 (11.5 %) cases having reached clinical cure and 5152 (88.4 %) cases' condition having improved, which can be partially reflected in the significant decline of the proportion of hepatomegaly (splenomegaly), the degree of liver fibrosis, ascites-related indicators (abdominal girth and frequency of shifting dullness), and portal hypertension-related indices (inner diameter of portal vein and frequency of subcutaneous varicose vein of abdominal wall). Besides, it was estimated to have saved 2004 years of life lost at total. Therefore, the government should continue support and increase input of treatment and assistance program so that this project can reach more patients, leading to consolidation of achievements of schistosomiasis control and contribution to schistosomiasis elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langui Song
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianwei Ren
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zulu Gao
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huiqun Xie
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dong Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhihong Gong
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fei Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongyun Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhongdao Wu
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
| | - An Ning
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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80
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Coelho P, Caldeira RL. Critical analysis of molluscicide application in schistosomiasis control programs in Brazil. Infect Dis Poverty 2016; 5:57. [PMID: 27374126 PMCID: PMC4931695 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-016-0153-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In Brazil, Biomphalaria glabrata, B. tenagophila, and B. straminea are naturally infected by the trematode Schistosoma mansoni, the causative agent of schistosomiasis. Despite decades of governmental efforts through official control programs, schistosomiasis remains an important public health problem in the country: thousands of people are infected with the trematode each year and millions live in endemic areas. The World Health Organization recommends using a combination of molluscicide (niclosamide) and mass chemotherapy to control the transmission of schistosomiasis, with this treatment successfully reducing the morbidity of the disease. In the past, niclosamide has been used in official schistosomiasis control programs in Brazil. However, as B. glabrata recolonizes even after molluscicide application, the use of molluscicides has gradually decreased in the country until they were discontinued in 2002, mainly due to the rising global pressure to preserve the environment and the difficulties of obtaining licenses from the Brazilian Ministry of Environment to use toxic substances in aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, the discovery of new molluscicides, which could be more selective to Biomphalaria species and less harmful to the aquatic ecosystem, is necessary. In addition, political efforts to sensitize funders to provide grants for this field of research are required. In this context, this article aims to make a critical analysis of molluscicide application in schistosomiasis control programs in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pmz Coelho
- Research group of Schistosoma mansoni Biology and Its Interaction with the Host, René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation-Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - R L Caldeira
- Research group of Medical Helminthology and Malacology, René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation-Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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81
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Zhu L, Liu J, Dao J, Lu K, Li H, Gu H, Liu J, Feng X, Cheng G. Molecular characterization of S. japonicum exosome-like vesicles reveals their regulatory roles in parasite-host interactions. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25885. [PMID: 27172881 PMCID: PMC4865838 DOI: 10.1038/srep25885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted extracellular vesicles play an important role in pathogen-host interactions. Increased knowledge of schistosome extracellular vesicles could provide insights into schistosome-host interactions and enable the development of novel intervention strategies to inhibit parasitic processes and lessen disease transmission. Here, we describe biochemical characterization of Schistosoma japonicum exosome-like vesicles (S. japonicum EVs). A total of 403 proteins were identified in S. japonicum EVs, and bioinformatics analyses indicated that these proteins were mainly involved in binding, catalytic activity, and translation regulatory activity. Next, we characterized the population of small RNAs associated with S. japonicum EVs. Further studies demonstrated that mammalian cells could internalize S. japonicum EVs and transfer their cargo miRNAs to recipient cells. Additionally, we found that a specific miRNA, likely originating from a final host, ocu-miR-191–5p, is also associated with S. japonicum EVs. Overall, our findings demonstrate that S. japonicum EVs could be implicated in the pathogenesis of schistosomiasis via a mechanism involving the transfer of their cargo miRNAs to hosts. Our findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of schistosome-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Zhu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Juntao Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinwei Dao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Lu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiming Gu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinming Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingang Feng
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofeng Cheng
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Shanghai, China
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82
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Zhu H, Yap P, Utzinger J, Jia TW, Li SZ, Huang XB, Cai SX. Policy Support and Resources Mobilization for the National Schistosomiasis Control Programme in The People's Republic of China. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2016; 92:341-83. [PMID: 27137452 PMCID: PMC7103126 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis remains a public health problem in many developing countries around the world. After the founding of The People's Republic of China, from 1949 till date, all levels of government, from central to local, have been attaching great importance to schistosomiasis control in The People's Republic of China. With considerable policy support and resources mobilization, the national schistosomiasis control programmes have been implemented during the past 65years. Here, we summarize the successful experience of schistosomiasis control during the process. Recommendations for the future management of the Chinese national schistosomiasis elimination programme are put forward after considering the remaining challenges, shortcomings and lessons learnt from 65years of schistosomiasis control drives in The People's Republic of China. They will help to sustain past achievements, foster the attainment of the ultimate goal of schistosomiasis elimination for the country and provide reference for schistosomiasis control programme in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Zhu
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China
| | - P. Yap
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J. Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - T.-W. Jia
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - S.-Z. Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - X.-B. Huang
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China
| | - S.-X. Cai
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China
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Xu J, Steinman P, Maybe D, Zhou XN, Lv S, Li SZ, Peeling R. Evolution of the National Schistosomiasis Control Programmes in The People's Republic of China. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2016; 92:1-38. [PMID: 27137441 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis japonica is caused by the parasitic trematode Schistosoma japonicum. It is endemic in The People's Republic of China and has significant impact on human health and socioeconomic development in certain regions. Over the last six decades, the national control programmes evolved in remarkable ways and brought schistosomiasis japonica largely under control. We describe the history and evolution of schistosomiasis control in The People's Republic of China, with an emphasis on shifts in control strategies that evolved with new insights into the biology of the parasite and its intermediate hosts, and the epidemiology of the disease in the country. We also highlight the achievements in controlling the disease in different socioecological settings, and identify persisting challenges to fully eliminate schistosomiasis japonica from the country. To reach the goal of schistosomiasis elimination, further integration of interventions, multisector collaboration, sensitive and effective surveillance are needed to strengthen.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - P Steinman
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; Basel Universities, Basel, Switzerland
| | - D Maybe
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - X-N Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - S Lv
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - S-Z Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - R Peeling
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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84
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Feng Y, Liu L, Xia S, Xu JF, Bergquist R, Yang GJ. Reaching the Surveillance-Response Stage of Schistosomiasis Control in The People's Republic of China: A Modelling Approach. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2016; 92:165-96. [PMID: 27137447 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
With the goal set to eliminate schistosomiasis nationwide by 2020, The People's Republic of China has initiated the surveillance-response stage to identify remaining sources of infection and potential pockets from where the disease could reemerge. Shifting the focus from classical monitoring and evaluation to rapid detection and immediate response, this approach requires modelling to bridge the surveillance and response components. We review here studies relevant to schistosomiasis modelling in a Chinese surveillance-response system with the expectation to achieve a practically useful understanding of the current situation and potential future study directions. We also present useful experience that could tentatively be applied in other endemic regions in the world. Modelling is discussed at length as it plays an essential role, both with regard to the intermediate snail host and in the definitive, mammal hosts. Research gaps with respect to snail infection, animal hosts and sectoral research cooperation are identified and examined against the prevailing background of ecosystem and socioeconomic changes with a focus on coexisting challenges and opportunities in a situation with increasing financial constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Feng
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Wuxi, The People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Parasite Molecular Biology, Wuxi, The People's Republic of China; Public Health Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China
| | - L Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Wuxi, The People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Parasite Molecular Biology, Wuxi, The People's Republic of China; Public Health Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China
| | - S Xia
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - J-F Xu
- Hubei University for Nationalities, The People's Republic of China
| | - R Bergquist
- Geospatial Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G-J Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Wuxi, The People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, The People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Parasite Molecular Biology, Wuxi, The People's Republic of China; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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85
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Yang Y, Zhou YB, Song XX, Li SZ, Zhong B, Wang TP, Bergquist R, Zhou XN, Jiang QW. Integrated Control Strategy of Schistosomiasis in The People's Republic of China: Projects Involving Agriculture, Water Conservancy, Forestry, Sanitation and Environmental Modification. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2016; 92:237-68. [PMID: 27137449 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Among the three major schistosome species infecting human beings, Schistosoma japonicum is the only endemic species in The People's Republic of China. Schistosomiasis is endemic in 78 countries and regions and poses a severe threat to public health and socioeconomic development. Through more than 60years of hard work and endeavour, The People's Republic of China has made considerable achievements and reduced the morbidity and prevalence of this disease to the lowest level ever recorded, especially since the introduction of the new integrated control strategy in 2004. This review illustrates the strategies implemented by giving successful examples of schistosomiasis control from the different types of remaining endemic areas. The challenge to control or eliminate S. japonicum is analysed in order to provide useful information to policy makers and scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - Y-B Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - X-X Song
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - S-Z Li
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - B Zhong
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, The People's Republic of China
| | - T-P Wang
- Anhui Institute of Parasitic Disease, Hefei, The People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Hefei, Anhui Province, The People's Republic of China
| | - R Bergquist
- Geospatial Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - X-N Zhou
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - Q-W Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Center for Tropical Disease Research, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
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86
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Chen L, Zhong B, Xu J, Li RZ, Cao CL. Health Education as an Important Component in the National Schistosomiasis Control Programme in The People's Republic of China. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2016; 92:307-39. [PMID: 27137451 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis control programme in The People's Republic of China had promoted the mass mobilization of health education in various forms, such as films, drama, traditional opera, poems, slogans, posters, exhibits. This paper is trying to review the impacts of those forms on different endemic settings and targeted populations. In the future, health education and health promotion will still be the effective strategy and one of the interventions in the national control programme for schistosomiasis and other infectious diseases, even in the pre- or posttransmission stages. With the social and economic development and improvement of people's living standard, it is necessary to establish a sustainable mechanism, in combination of health education with health guarantee of improving the quality of life, improving the production and living conditions, changing the unhealthy production methods and lifestyle of the residents in the endemic areas, in order to reach the goal of schistosomiasis elimination in The People's Republic of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Chen
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, The People's Republic of China
| | - B Zhong
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, The People's Republic of China
| | - J Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - R-Z Li
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, The People's Republic of China
| | - C-L Cao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
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87
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Xu J, Bergquist R, Qian YJ, Wang Q, Yu Q, Peeling R, Croft S, Guo JG, Zhou XN. China-Africa and China-Asia Collaboration on Schistosomiasis Control: A SWOT Analysis. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2016; 92:435-66. [PMID: 27137455 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis, a disease caused by a trematode, parasitic worm, is a worldwide public health problem. In spite of great progress with regard to morbidity control, even elimination of this infection in recent decades, there are still challenges to overcome in sub-Saharan Africa and endemic areas in Southeast Asia. Regarded as one of the most successful countries with respect to schistosomiasis control, The People's Republic of China has accumulated considerable experience and learnt important lessons in various local settings that could benefit schistosomiasis control in other endemic countries. Based on an analysis of conceived strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of potential collaborative activities with regard to schistosomiasis in Africa and Asia, this article addresses the importance of collaborative efforts and explores the priorities that would be expected to facilitate the transfer of Chinese experience to low- and middle-income countries in Africa and Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite & Vector Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - R Bergquist
- Geospatial Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Y-J Qian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite & Vector Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - Q Wang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite & Vector Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - Q Yu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite & Vector Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - R Peeling
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Croft
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - J-G Guo
- World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - X-N Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite & Vector Biology, Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
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88
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Using a Hybrid Model to Forecast the Prevalence of Schistosomiasis in Humans. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:355. [PMID: 27023573 PMCID: PMC4847017 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13040355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously proposed a hybrid model combining both the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and the nonlinear autoregressive neural network (NARNN) models in forecasting schistosomiasis. Our purpose in the current study was to forecast the annual prevalence of human schistosomiasis in Yangxin County, using our ARIMA-NARNN model, thereby further certifying the reliability of our hybrid model. METHODS We used the ARIMA, NARNN and ARIMA-NARNN models to fit and forecast the annual prevalence of schistosomiasis. The modeling time range included was the annual prevalence from 1956 to 2008 while the testing time range included was from 2009 to 2012. The mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were used to measure the model performance. We reconstructed the hybrid model to forecast the annual prevalence from 2013 to 2016. RESULTS The modeling and testing errors generated by the ARIMA-NARNN model were lower than those obtained from either the single ARIMA or NARNN models. The predicted annual prevalence from 2013 to 2016 demonstrated an initial decreasing trend, followed by an increase. CONCLUSIONS The ARIMA-NARNN model can be well applied to analyze surveillance data for early warning systems for the control and elimination of schistosomiasis.
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89
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Gordon CA, McManus DP, Jones MK, Gray DJ, Gobert GN. The Increase of Exotic Zoonotic Helminth Infections: The Impact of Urbanization, Climate Change and Globalization. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2016; 91:311-97. [PMID: 27015952 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Zoonotic parasitic diseases are increasingly impacting human populations due to the effects of globalization, urbanization and climate change. Here we review the recent literature on the most important helminth zoonoses, including reports of incidence and prevalence. We discuss those helminth diseases which are increasing in endemic areas and consider their geographical spread into new regions within the framework of globalization, urbanization and climate change to determine the effect these variables are having on disease incidence, transmission and the associated challenges presented for public health initiatives, including control and elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Gordon
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Donald P McManus
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Malcolm K Jones
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Darren J Gray
- Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Geoffrey N Gobert
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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90
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Xu J, Yu Q, Tchuenté LAT, Bergquist R, Sacko M, Utzinger J, Lin DD, Yang K, Zhang LJ, Wang Q, Li SZ, Guo JG, Zhou XN. Enhancing collaboration between China and African countries for schistosomiasis control. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2016; 16:376-83. [PMID: 26851829 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(15)00360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis remains an important public health issue, with a large number of cases reported across sub-Saharan Africa, and parts of Asia and Latin America. China was once highly endemic, but has made substantial progress and is moving towards elimination of schistosomiasis. Meanwhile, despite long-term, repeated, school-based chemotherapy in many African countries, more than 90% of all schistosomiasis cases are concentrated in Africa, and hence, this continent constitutes the key challenge for schistosomiasis control. Opportunities and issues for international collaboration in the fight against schistosomiasis are outlined with a focus on China's experiences, including the role of public health authorities and intersectoral collaboration, use of new and effective snail control approaches and diagnostic tools adapted to the specific stage of control, as well as the strengthening of risk mapping and surveillance-response mechanisms. Training courses targeting African governmental officials and professionals, coupled with field visits of African scientists and control programme managers to China, and vice versa, are considered important for improved schistosomiasis control and elimination. The crucial question remains whether the Chinese experience can be translated and applied in African countries to improve the effectiveness of health interventions and scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Yu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Moussa Sacko
- National Institute for Research in Public Health, Ministry of Health, Bamako, Mali
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dan-Dan Lin
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Wuxi, China
| | - Li-Juan Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Zhu Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Gang Guo
- Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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91
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Epidemiological Features and Control Progress of Schistosomiasis in Waterway-Network Region in The People's Republic of China. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2016; 92:97-116. [PMID: 27137444 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis was one of the most serious parasitic diseases in The People's Republic of China, and the endemic region was classified into three types according to the epidemiological characteristics and living conditions of the intermediate host. After more than 60years of efforts, schistosomiasis control programme has made great strides in waterway-network regions. We analyse the epidemic changes of schistosomiasis and its control progress through the schistosomiasis regions' documents and investigation data to evaluate the efficacy of the schistosomiasis control strategies in the waterway-network-type endemic region, which provides the basis for refinement of efforts, as well as summary of the Chinese schistosomiasis control experience in the waterway-network areas.
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92
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Towards the Elimination of Schistosomiasis japonica through Control of the Disease in Domestic Animals in The People's Republic of China: A Tale of over 60Years. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2016; 92:269-306. [PMID: 27137450 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis japonica, an endemic, zoonotic tropical parasitic disease caused by Schistosoma japonicum, remains an important public health concern in The People's Republic of China. Unlike other species of Schistosoma, over 40 species of wild and domestic animals can act as reservoir hosts of S. japonicum, which increases the difficulty for the control of this tropical disease. It is widely recognized that domestic animals, particularly water buffaloes and cattle, play an important role in the transmission of S. japonicum. Hence, since the 1950s when The People's Republic of China commenced fight against the disease, the control of animal schistosomiasis has been carried out almost synchronously with that of human schistosomiasis, such that great strides have been made over the past six decades. In this chapter, we review the history and current status of schistosomiasis control in domestic animals in The People's Republic of China. We thoroughly analyse the prevalence of domestic animal schistosomiasis at different stages of schistosomiasis control and the role of different species of domestic animals in transmission of the disease, summarize the control strategies and assess their effectiveness. Furthermore, the challenges ahead are discussed and recommendations for future direction are provided.
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93
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Li Z, Nie X, Zhang Y, Huang J, Huang B, Zeng G. Assessing the influence of water level on schistosomiasis in Dongting Lake region before and after the construction of Three Gorges Dam. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:28. [PMID: 26661964 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-5033-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a severe public health problem in the Dongting Lake region, and its distribution, prevalence, and intensity of infection are particularly sensitive to environmental changes. In this study, the human and bovine schistosomiasis variations in the Dongting Lake region were studied from 1996 to 2010, and the relationships between schistosomiasis and water level were examined. Furthermore, based on these results, the potential effects of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) on schistosomiasis were investigated. Results showed an increase in human schistosomiasis and in the scope of seriously affected regions, along with a decrease in bovine schistosomiasis. Human schistosomiasis was negatively correlated with water level during wet season (from May to October), particularly the average water level in October. This finding indicated that the decreasing water level may be highly related to the increasing of human schistosomiasis in the Dongting Lake region. Based on this result and the variation of schistosomiasis before and after the construction and operation of TGD, the impoundment of the Three Gorges reservoir is believed to decrease the water level and increase the contact between people and schistosomiasis. Therefore, the TGD, which is operated by regulating water and scheduling water operations, is not good for the control of human schistosomiasis in the Dongting Lake region. Although the extent of the influence of the TGD on schistosomiasis remains unclear, the influence of the TGD on preventing and controlling schistosomiasis should not be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwu Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaodong Nie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinquan Huang
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Yangtze River Scientific research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China
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94
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Zhang JF, Xu J, Bergquist R, Yu LL, Yan XL, Zhu HQ, Wen LY. Development and Application of Diagnostics in the National Schistosomiasis Control Programme in The People's Republic of China. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2016; 92:409-34. [PMID: 27137454 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis, caused by Schistosoma japonicum infection to human, has a documented history of more than 2100years in The People's Republic of China. In spite of great progress in controlling the disease, it is still one of the most serious parasitic diseases in the country. The study and use of diagnostic techniques play an important role in the targeting of chemotherapy that has been continuously applied in the national schistosomiasis control programme for several decades. This paper reviews the development and application of parasitological, immunodiagnostic and molecular diagnostic technology for S. japonicum in The People's Republic of China with a brief mention of diagnostic imagery, such as ultrasound and radiology. When analysing the efficacy and performance characteristics of the main diagnostic techniques in current use, it becomes apparent that approaches that worked well in the past are less suitable now as successful control has shifted the endemic situation towards control and interruption of transmission. The conclusion is that a mutable approach must be adopted choosing the most appropriate diagnostic technique for each control stage (and area), thus modifying the methodology according to the prevailing diagnostic needs in terms of sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-F Zhang
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, The People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Parasite Molecular Biology, Wuxi, The People's Republic of China; Public Health Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, The People's Republic of China
| | - J Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - R Bergquist
- Geospatial Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - L-L Yu
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, The People's Republic of China
| | - X-L Yan
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, The People's Republic of China
| | - H-Q Zhu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - L-Y Wen
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, The People's Republic of China; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, The People's Republic of China
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95
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Aziz IA, Yacoub M, Rashid L, Solieman A. Malondialdehyde; Lipid peroxidation plasma biomarker correlated with hepatic fibrosis in human Schistosoma mansoni infection. Acta Parasitol 2015; 60:735-42. [PMID: 26408599 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2015-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a debilitating parasitic disease, affects large number of host species. Currently affects 250-300 million people in tropic areas. Schistosoma pathogenic impact is hepatic periportal fibrosis; the parasite-induced inflammatory cellular activation promotes oxidative stress, resulting in lipid peroxidation (LPO), with subsequent increase in inflammatory mediators as malondialdehyde (MDA). This study was set up to reveal possible contribution of lipid peroxidation byproducts MDA in hepatic pathophysiology. Results displayed that MDA don't tend to change in relation with either age, nor hepatic transaminases AST & ALT, while exhibited a significant increase in MDA levels in human schistosomiasis versus control group P<0.0001 (Mn. ± St.dev. 7.77 ± 3.59, 1.21 ± 0.28 nmol/ml) respectively. Moreover; MDA plasma levels in Schistosoma infected group correlated significantly with two hepatic fibrosis parameters; (a) ultrasonography graded periportal fibrosis P< 0.0001. Levels of MDA in hepatic fibrosis grades 0, I, II, III in Schistosoma infected group were (Mn. ± St.dev. 2.8 ± 0.64, 4.3 ± 1.2, 9.3 ± 1.6 and 10.8 ± 1.3 nmol/ml) respectively, (b) serum Hyaluronic acid (HA) P<0.0001 (spearman r = 0.77) as a reliable hepatic fibrosis marker. This implies a considerable role of LPO byproducts in schistosomiasis pathogenicity, and proposing malondialdehyde as a biomarker for schistosomiasis morbidity.
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96
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Identifying Spatial Clusters of Schistosomiasis in Anhui Province of China: A Study from the Perspective of Application. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:11756-69. [PMID: 26393632 PMCID: PMC4586705 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120911756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
With the strategy shifting from morbidity control to transmission interruption, the burden of schistosomiasis in China has been declining over the past decade. However, further controls of the epidemic in the lake and marshland regions remain a challenge. Prevalence data at county level were obtained from the provincial surveillance system in Anhui during 1997–2010. Spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatial scan statistics were combined to assess the spatial pattern of schistosomiasis. The spatial-temporal cluster analysis based on retrospective space-time scan statistics was further used to detect risk clusters. The Global Moran’s I coefficients were mostly statistically significant during 1997–2004 but not significant during 2005–2010. The clusters detected by two spatial cluster methods occurred in Nanling, Tongling, Qingyang and Wuhu during 1997–2004, and Guichi and Wuhu from 2005 to 2010, respectively. Spatial-temporal cluster analysis revealed 2 main clusters, namely Nanling (1999–2002) and Guichi (2005–2008). The clustering regions were significantly narrowed while the spatial extent became scattered during the study period. The high-risk areas shifted from the low reaches of the Yangtze River to the upper stream, suggesting the focus of schistosomiasis control should be shifted accordingly and priority should be given to the snail habitats within the high-risk areas of schistosomiasis.
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97
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Zheng S, Lu Q, Xu Y, Wang X, Shen J, Wang W. GdCl3 Attenuates Schistosomiasis japonicum Egg-Induced Granulomatosis Accompanied by Decreased Macrophage Infiltration in Murine Liver. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132222. [PMID: 26317423 PMCID: PMC4552789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-stage hepatic granuloma and advanced-stage fibrosis are important characteristics of schistosomiasis. The direct consequences of gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) in egg-induced granuloma formation have not been reported, although GdCl3 is known to block the macrophages. In present study, mice were infected with 15 Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) cercariae and treated with GdCl3 (10 mg/kg body weight) twice weekly from day 21 to day 42 post-infection during the onset of egg-laying towards early granuloma formation. Histochemical staining showed that repeated injection of GdCl3 decreased macrophages infiltration in liver of mice infected with S. japonicum. Macrophage depletion by GdCl3 during the initial phase attenuated liver pathological injury characterized by smaller granuloma size and decreased immune inflammation as well as less fibrogenesis. In addition, IL-13Rα2 expression was reduced by GdCl3 in liver of mice infected with S. japonicum. The results suggest that GdCl3 depleted macrophages, which attenuated helminth infected immune responses involving with IL-13Rα2 signal. These findings would highlight a therapeutic potential via manipulating IL-13Rα2+ macrophage in schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengsheng Zheng
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratories of Zoonoses of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratories of Zoonoses of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jilong Shen
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratories of Zoonoses of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratories of Zoonoses of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- * E-mail:
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98
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An IL-13 promoter polymorphism associated with liver fibrosis in patients with Schistosoma japonicum. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135360. [PMID: 26258681 PMCID: PMC4530950 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether two polymorphisms in the gene encoding IL13 previously associated with Schistosoma hematobium (S. hematobium) and S. mansoni infection are associated with S. japonicum infection. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs1800925 (IL13/-1112C>T) and rs20541 (IL13R130Q) were genotyped in 947 unrelated individuals (307 chronically infected, 339 late-stage with liver fibrosis, 301 uninfected controls) from a schistosomiasis-endemic area of Hubei province in China. Regression models were used to evaluate allelic and haplotypic associations with chronic and late-stage schistosomiasis adjusted for non-genetic covariates. Expression of IL-13 was measured in S. japonicun-infected liver fibrosis tissue and normal liver tissue from uninfected controls by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The role of rs1800925 in IL-13 transcription was further determined by Luciferase report assay using the recombinant PGL4.17-rs180092 plasmid. We found SNP rs1800925T was associated with late-stage schistosomiasis caused by S. japonicum but not chronic schistosomiasis (OR = 1.39, 95%CI = 1.02-1.91, p = 0.03) and uninfected controls (OR = 1.49, 95%CI = 1.03-2.13, p = 0.03). Moreover, the haplotype rs1800925T-rs20541C increased the risk of disease progression to late-stage schistosomiasis (OR = 1.46, p = 0.035), whereas haplotype rs1800925C-rs20541A showed a protective role against development of late-stage schistosomiasis (F = 0.188, OR = 0.61, p = 0.002). Furthermore, S. japonicum-induced fibrotic liver tissue had higher IL13 expression than normal liver tissue. Plasmid PGL4.17-rs1800925T showed a stronger relative luciferase activity than Plasmid PGL4.17-rs1800925C in 293FT, QSG-7701 and HL-7702 cell lines. In conclusion, the functional IL13 polymorphism, rs1800925T, previously associated with risk of schistosomiasis, also contributes to risk of late-stage schistosomiasis caused by S. japonicum.
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Attwood SW, Ibaraki M, Saitoh Y, Nihei N, Janies DA. Comparative Phylogenetic Studies on Schistosoma japonicum and Its Snail Intermediate Host Oncomelania hupensis: Origins, Dispersal and Coevolution. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0003935. [PMID: 26230619 PMCID: PMC4521948 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosoma japonicum causes major public health problems in China and the Philippines; this parasite, which is transmitted by freshwater snails of the species Oncomelania hupensis, causes the disease intestinal schistosomiasis in humans and cattle. Researchers working on Schistosoma in Africa have described the relationship between the parasites and their snail intermediate hosts as coevolved or even as an evolutionary arms race. In the present study this hypothesis of coevolution is evaluated for S. japonicum and O. hupensis. The origins and radiation of the snails and the parasite across China, and the taxonomic validity of the sub-species of O. hupensis, are also assessed. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The findings provide no evidence for coevolution between S. japonicum and O. hupensis, and the phylogeographical analysis suggests a heterochronous radiation of the parasites and snails in response to different palaeogeographical and climatic triggers. The results are consistent with a hypothesis of East to West colonisation of China by Oncomelania with a re-invasion of Japan by O. hupensis from China. The Taiwan population of S. japonicum appears to be recently established in comparison with mainland Chinese populations. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The snail and parasite populations of the western mountain region of China (Yunnan and Sichuan) appear to have been isolated from Southeast Asian populations since the Pleistocene; this has implications for road and rail links being constructed in the region, which will breach biogeographical barriers between China and Southeast Asia. The results also have implications for the spread of S. japonicum. In the absence of coevolution, the parasite may more readily colonise new snail populations to which it is not locally adapted, or even new intermediate host species; this can facilitate its dispersal into new areas. Additional work is required to assess further the risk of spread of S. japonicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W. Attwood
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
| | - Motomu Ibaraki
- School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yasuhide Saitoh
- Department of Environmental Parasitology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Nihei
- Laboratory of Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daniel A. Janies
- Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States of America
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100
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Bian CR, Lu DB, Su J, Zhou X, Zhuge HX, Lamberton PHL. Serological Prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in Mobile Populations in Previously Endemic but Now Non-Endemic Regions of China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128896. [PMID: 26043190 PMCID: PMC4456376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis japonica has been resurging in certain areas of China where its transmission was previously well controlled or interrupted. Several factors may be contributing to this, including mobile populations, which if infected, may spread the disease. A wide range of estimates have been published for S. japonicum infections in mobile populations, and a synthesis of these data will elucidate the relative risk presented from these groups. METHODS A literature search for publications up to Oct 31, 2014 on S. japonicum infection in mobile populations in previously endemic but now non-endemic regions was conducted using four bibliographic databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, VIP Chinese Journal Databases, and PubMed. A meta-analysis was conducted by pooling one arm binary data with MetaAnalyst Beta 3.13. The protocol is available on PROSPERO (No. CRD42013005967). RESULTS A total of 41 studies in Chinese met the inclusion criteria, covering seven provinces of China. The time of post-interruption surveillance ranged from the first year to the 31st year. After employing a random-effects model, from 1992 to 2013 the pooled seroprevalence ranged from 0.9% (95% CI: 0.5-1.6%) in 2003 to 2.3% (95% CI: 1.5-3.4) in 1995; from the first year after the disease had been interrupted to the 31st year, the pooled seroprevalence ranged from 0.6% (95% CI: 0.2-2.1%) in the 27th year to 4.0% (95%CI: 1.3-11.3%) in the second year. The pooled seroprevalence in mobile populations each year was significantly lower than among the residents of endemic regions, whilst four papers reported a lower level of infection in the mobile populations than in the local residents out of only 13 papers which included this data. CONCLUSIONS The re-emergence of S. japonicum in areas which had previously interrupted transmission might be due to other factors, although risk from re-introduction from mobile populations could not be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Rong Bian
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Da-Bing Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of Parasitology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hong-Xiang Zhuge
- Department of Parasitology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Poppy H. L. Lamberton
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom
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