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Zhang Q, Zou R, Guo M, Duan M, Li Q, Zheng H. Comparison of gut microbiota between adults with autism spectrum disorder and obese adults. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10946. [PMID: 33717692 PMCID: PMC7931713 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obesity are serious global public health problems. Studies have shown that ASD children are at a higher risk of obesity than the general population. To investigate the gut microbe characteristics of adults ASD and obese adults, we compared the gut microbiota of adults with ASD to obese adults. Methods The fecal samples were collected from 21 adult patients with ASD and 21 obese adults, and V3–V4 regions of 16S rRNA genes were sequenced by high-throughput DNA sequencing. The gut microbiota of adults with ASD and obese adults was compared. Results We observed the proportion of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes in ASD was significantly increased, with families Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae significantly enriched in adult ASD. Eighteen genera, including Lachnospiracea incertae sedis, Ruminococcus, Blautia, and Holdemanella were significantly increased in adult ASD, whereas Megamonas and Fusobacterium were significantly increased in obesity. At the species level, we found six species enriched in ASD and three species enriched in obesity, including Phascolarctobacterium succinatuten producing propionate. Dialister succinatiphilus may be as a biomarker for predicting obesity, as well as Prevotella copri may be a common-owned pathogens of ASD and obesity. Conclusions Some conflicting results have been reported in microbiota studies of ASD, which may be related to age and obesity. Thus, the body mass index should be evaluated before analyzing the gut microbiota of patients with ASD, as obesity is prevalent in these individuals and gut microbiota is severally affected by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zou
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Guo
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Duan
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Huajun Zheng
- NHC Key Lab. of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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52
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Wang X, Zhai W, Ma J, Xu S, Liu M, Zhang X, Yang S. Substantial alterations of the intestinal microbiota in psoriasis patients of China. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:1840-1841. [PMID: 33534946 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Wang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wanfang Zhai
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuangjun Xu
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mengting Liu
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Sen Yang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Ferry Dermatological Institute, Hefei, China
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53
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Cho KY. Lifestyle modifications result in alterations in the gut microbiota in obese children. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:10. [PMID: 33407104 PMCID: PMC7789654 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-02002-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association between the gut microbiota and pediatric obesity was analyzed in a cross-sectional study. A prospective study of obese children was conducted to assess the gut microbial alterations after a weight change. We collected fecal samples from obese children before and after a 2-month weight reduction program that consisted of individual counseling for nutritional education and physical activity, and we performed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing using an Illumina MiSeq platform. Results Thirty-six participants, aged 7 to 18 years, were classified into the fat loss (n = 17) and the fat gain (n = 19) groups according to the change in total body fat (%) after the intervention. The baseline analysis of the gut microbiota in the preintervention stages showed dysbiotic features of both groups compared with those of normal-weight children. In the fat loss group, significantly decreased proportions of Bacteroidetes phylum, Bacteroidia class, Bacteroidales order, Bacteroidaceae family, and Bacteroides genus, along with increased proportions of Firmicutes phylum, Clostridia class, and Clostridiales order, were observed after intervention. The microbial richness was significantly reduced, without a change in beta diversity in the fat loss group. The fat gain group showed significantly deceased proportions of Firmicutes phylum, Clostridia class, Clostridiales order, Lachnospiraceae family, and Eubacterium hallii group genus, without a change in diversity after the intervention. According to the functional metabolic analysis by the Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States 2, the “Nitrate Reduction VI” and “Aspartate Superpathway” pathways were predicted to increase significantly in the fat loss group. The cooccurring networks of genera were constructed and showed the different microbes that drove the changes between the pre- and postintervention stages in the fat loss and fat gain groups. Conclusions This study demonstrated that lifestyle modifications can impact the composition, richness, and predicted functional profiles of the gut microbiota in obese children after weight changes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT03812497, registration date January 23, 2019, retrospectively registered. Supplementary information Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12866-020-02002-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ky Young Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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54
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Elhag DA, Kumar M, Al Khodor S. Exploring the Triple Interaction between the Host Genome, the Epigenome, and the Gut Microbiome in Type 1 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010125. [PMID: 33374418 PMCID: PMC7795494 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an auto-immune disorder characterized by a complex interaction between the host immune system and various environmental factors in genetically susceptible individuals. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified different T1D risk and protection alleles, however, little is known about the environmental factors that can be linked to these alleles. Recent evidence indicated that, among those environmental factors, dysbiosis (imbalance) in the gut microbiota may play a role in the pathogenesis of T1D, affecting the integrity of the gut and leading to systemic inflammation and auto-destruction of the pancreatic β cells. Several studies have identified changes in the gut microbiome composition in humans and animal models comparing T1D subjects with controls. Those changes were characterized by a higher abundance of Bacteroides and a lower abundance of the butyrate-producing bacteria such as Clostridium clusters IV and XIVa. The mechanisms by which the dysbiotic bacteria and/or their metabolites interact with the genome and/or the epigenome of the host leading to destructive autoimmunity is still not clear. As T1D is a multifactorial disease, understanding the interaction between different environmental factors such as the gut microbiome, the genetic and the epigenetic determinants that are linked with the early appearance of autoantibodies can expand our knowledge about the disease pathogenesis. This review aims to provide insights into the interaction between the gut microbiome, susceptibility genes, epigenetic factors, and the immune system in the pathogenesis of T1D.
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Abstract
Metabolic diseases are a class of diseases caused by abnormal metabolism of glucose, protein, and lipids in the body. Accumulating evidence supports the important relevance of intestinal dysbacteriosis to metabolic diseases. Specifically, intestinal dysbacteriosis may disrupt intestinal barrier function, thereby inducing endotoxemia, bile acid metabolism disorders, and systemic chronic low-grade inflammation, which promote metabolic disease progression and complications. With the progression of the disease, the change in intestinal environment and the influence of drugs and diet in turn aggravate the imbalance of intestinal flora, which eventually leads to poor prognosis. This highlights the potential for developing therapies to prevent and treat metabolic diseases by changing the intestinal bacterial structure. Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotic therapy, fecal bacteria transplantation, and traditional Chinese medicine can be used to treat metabolic diseases by maintaining the balance of intestinal bacteria and counteracting harmful bacterial products. This article reviews the changes of intestinal bacteria in metabolic diseases, the possible mechanism of intestinal bacteria affecting metabolic diseases, and the application of intestinal bacteria in the treatment of metabolic diseases, with an aim to provide a reference for the diagnosis and prevention of metabolic diseases by targeting intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Li
- School of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Nen-Qun Xiao
- School of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhou-Jin Tan
- School of Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
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56
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Oddi S, Huber P, Rocha Faria Duque AL, Vinderola G, Sivieri K. Breast-milk derived potential probiotics as strategy for the management of childhood obesity. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109673. [PMID: 33233250 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and overweight, and their concomitant metabolic diseases, emerge as one of the most severe health problems in the world. Prevention and management of obesity are proposed to begin early in childhood, when probiotics may have a role. The Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®), in a dynamic validated in vitro system able to simulate the different parts of the gastrointestinal tract, has proven to be useful in analyzing the human intestinal microbial community. L. plantarum 73a and B. animalis subsp. lactis INL1, two strains isolated from breast milk, were assayed in the SHIME® using the fecal microbiota of an obese child. L. plantarum 73a alone or in combination with B. animalis subsp. lactis INL1 demonstrated survival capacity in the SHIME® system. The administration of both strains increased the alpha diversity of the microbiota and reduced the levels of the phylum Proteobacteria. In particular, the genera Escherichia, Shigella, and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 were significantly reduced when both strains were administered. The increase of Proteobacteria phylum is generally associated with the microbiota of obese people. Escherichia and Shigellacan be involved in inflammation-dependent adiposity and insulin resistance. L. plantarum73a supplementation reduced ammonia production. L. plantarum 73a alone or in combination with B. animalis subsp. lactis INL1 are potential probiotic candidates for the management of infant obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Oddi
- Instituto de Lactología Industrial (INLAIN, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - P Huber
- Laboratorio de Plancton, Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI, UNL-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - A L Rocha Faria Duque
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 9 SP 14800-903, Brazil
| | - G Vinderola
- Instituto de Lactología Industrial (INLAIN, UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - K Sivieri
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 9 SP 14800-903, Brazil
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57
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Dogra SK, Doré J, Damak S. Gut Microbiota Resilience: Definition, Link to Health and Strategies for Intervention. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:572921. [PMID: 33042082 PMCID: PMC7522446 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.572921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a new frontier in health and disease. Not only many diseases are associated with perturbed microbiota, but an increasing number of studies point to a cause-effect relationship. Defining a healthy microbiota is not possible at the current state of our knowledge mostly because of high interindividual variability. A resilient microbiota could be used as surrogate for healthy microbiota. In addition, the gut microbiota is an “organ” with frontline exposure to environmental changes and insults. During the lifetime of an individual, it is exposed to challenges such as unhealthy diet, medications and infections. Impaired ability to bounce back to the pre-challenge baseline may lead to dysbiosis. It is therefore legitimate to postulate that maintaining a resilient microbiota may be important for health. Here we review the concept of resilience, what is known about the characteristics of a resilient microbiota, and how to assess microbiota resilience experimentally using a model of high fat diet challenge in humans. Interventions to maintain microbiota resilience can be guided by the knowledge of what microbial species or functions are perturbed by challenges, and designed to replace diminished species with probiotics, when available, or boost them with prebiotics. Fibers with multiple structures and composition can also be used to increase microbiota diversity, a characteristic of the microbiota that may be associated with resilience. We finally discuss some open questions and knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joel Doré
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, MetaGenoPolis, AgroParisTech, Microbiologie de l'Alimentation au Service de la Santé, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sami Damak
- Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé SA, Lausanne, Switzerland
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58
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Dong TS, Mayer EA, Osadchiy V, Chang C, Katzka W, Lagishetty V, Gonzalez K, Kalani A, Stains J, Jacobs JP, Longo VD, Gupta A. A Distinct Brain-Gut-Microbiome Profile Exists for Females with Obesity and Food Addiction. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:1477-1486. [PMID: 32935533 PMCID: PMC7494955 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in brain-gut-microbiome interactions have been implicated as an important factor in obesity. This study aimed to explore the relationship between food addiction (FA) and the brain-gut-microbiome axis, using a multi-omics approach involving microbiome data, metabolomics, and brain imaging. METHODS Brain magnetic resonance imaging was obtained in 105 females. FA was defined by using the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Fecal samples were collected for sequencing and metabolomics. Statistical analysis was done by using multivariate analyses and machine learning algorithms. RESULTS Of the females with obesity, 33.3% exhibited FA as compared with 5.3% and 0.0% of females with overweight and normal BMI, respectively (P = 0.0001). Based on a multilevel sparse partial least square discriminant analysis, there was a difference in the gut microbiome of females with FA versus those without. Differential abundance testing showed Bacteroides, Megamonas, Eubacterium, and Akkermansia were statistically associated with FA (q < 0.05). Metabolomics showed that indolepropionic acid was inversely correlated with FA. FA was also correlated with increased connectivity within the brain's reward network, specifically between the intraparietal sulcus, brain stem, and putamen. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to examine FA along the brain-gut-microbiome axis and it supports the idea of targeting the brain-gut-microbiome axis for the treatment of FA and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien S. Dong
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Emeran A. Mayer
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Vadim Osadchiy
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Candace Chang
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - William Katzka
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Venu Lagishetty
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kimberly Gonzalez
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Amir Kalani
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jean Stains
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jonathan P. Jacobs
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Valter D. Longo
- USC Longevity Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Arpana Gupta
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- UCLA Microbiome Center, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
- University of California, Los Angeles, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
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Aguilar T, Nava GM, Olvera-Ramírez AM, Ronquillo D, Camacho M, Zavala GA, Caamaño MC, Acevedo-Whitehouse K, Rosado JL, García OP. Gut Bacterial Families Are Associated with Body Composition and Metabolic Risk Markers in School-Aged Children in Rural Mexico. Child Obes 2020; 16:358-366. [PMID: 32429742 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2019.0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Differences in gut microbiota composition have been associated with obesity and metabolic alterations in children. The aim of this study was to analyze the abundance of the main bacterial families of the gut among children according to their body composition and metabolic markers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 93 school-aged children (8.4 ± 1.6 years old). Anthropometric and body composition variables were measured and a blood sample was collected to determine glucose, insulin, lipid profile, C-reactive protein, leptin, and cytokines [interleukin 6, interleukin 10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)]. DNA was extracted from stool samples and the abundance of bacterial families (Bacteroidaceae-Porphyromonadaceae-Prevotellaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Enterococcaceae, and Lachnospiraceae-Ruminococcaceae) was determined by qPCR assays. Results: Children with obesity and high waist/height ratio had lower Bacteroidaceae-Porphyromonadaceae-Prevotellaceae and higher abundance of Lactobacillaceae when compared with normal-weight children. TNFα was negatively associated and IL-10 was positively associated with Bacteroidaceae-Porphyromonadaceae-Prevotellaceae. Triglycerides showed a positive relationship with Lachnospiraceae-Ruminococcaceae whereas high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was negatively associated with Lactobacillaceae. Conclusion: In rural Mexican school-aged children, a low abundance of Bacteroidaceae-Porphyromonadaceae-Prevotellaceae and a high abundance of Lactobacillaceae are associated with obesity and metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Aguilar
- Departamento de Investigación en Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Gerardo M Nava
- Departamento de Ciencias de los Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Andrea M Olvera-Ramírez
- Cuerpo Académico Salud Animal y Microbiología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Dolores Ronquillo
- Departamento de Investigación en Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Mariela Camacho
- Departamento de Investigación en Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Gerardo A Zavala
- Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU Amsterdam University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - María C Caamaño
- Departamento de Investigación en Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Karina Acevedo-Whitehouse
- Unidad de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - Jorge L Rosado
- Departamento de Investigación en Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México.,CINDETEC, A.C., Querétaro, México
| | - Olga P García
- Departamento de Investigación en Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, México
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60
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Shuwen H, Xi Y, Yuefen P, Jiamin X, Quan Q, Haihong L, Yizhen J, Wei W. Effects of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and palliative chemotherapy on the gut microbiome in colorectal cancer. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104343. [PMID: 32562813 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome changes are related to the colorectal cancer (CRC). Chemotherapy is one of the main treatment methods for CRC. PURPOSE To explore the effect of chemotherapy on the gut bacteria and fungi in CRC. METHODS Total of 11 advanced CRC patients treated with the FOLFIRI regimen, 15 postoperative CRC patients treated with the XELOX regimen, and corresponding CRC patients without surgery and chemotherapy were recruited. The 16S ribosomal RNA and ITS sequences were sequenced, and bioinformatics analysis was executed to screen for the distinctive gut microbiome. RESULTS The abundances of Veillonella, Humicola, Tremellomycetes and Malassezia were increased in postoperative CRC patients treated with the XELOX regimen. The abundances of Faecalibacterium, Clostridiales, phascolarctobacterium, Humicola and Rhodotorula were decreased, and the abundances of Candida, Magnusiomyces, Tremellomycetes, Dipodascaceae, Saccharomycetales, Malassezia and Lentinula were increased in advanced CRC patients treated with the FOLFIRI regimen. The abundances of Humicola, Rhodotorula, and Magnusiomyces were decreased, and the abundances of Candida, Tremellomycetes, Dipodascaceae, Saccharomycetales, Malassezia and Lentinula were increased in advanced CRC patients treated with the FOLFIRI regimen combined with cetuximab compared with those treated with the FOLFIRI regimen alone. CONCLUSIONS The community structure of gut bacteria and fungi changes in chemotherapy on CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Shuwen
- Department of Oncology, Huzhou Cent Hosp, Affiliated Cent Hops HuZhou University. Address: 198 Hongqi Rd, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Intervention and Radiotherapy, Huzhou Central Hospital, Address: No. 198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China.
| | - Pan Yuefen
- Department of Oncology, Huzhou Cent Hosp, Affiliated Cent Hops HuZhou University. Address: 198 Hongqi Rd, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xu Jiamin
- Graduate School of Nursing, Huzhou University, Address: No. 1 Bachelor Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China.
| | - Qi Quan
- Department of Oncology, Huzhou Cent Hosp, Affiliated Cent Hops HuZhou University. Address: 198 Hongqi Rd, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Liao Haihong
- Department of Oncology, Huzhou Cent Hosp, Affiliated Cent Hops HuZhou University. Address: 198 Hongqi Rd, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiang Yizhen
- Department of Oncology, Huzhou Cent Hosp, Affiliated Cent Hops HuZhou University. Address: 198 Hongqi Rd, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wu Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Address: No. 198 Hongqi Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313000, China.
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Yang J, Yao S, Cheng K, Xu L, Hou L, Wei Y, Feng H, Yu X, Zhang X, Tong X, Li Z, Zhao Y. Comparison of Meconium Microbiome in Dizygotic and Monozygotic Twins Born by Caesarean Section (CS). Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1139. [PMID: 32582089 PMCID: PMC7283445 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The early-life microbiota triggers life-long effects on physiological functions and health disorders. Previous studies in adult twins or animal models have revealed associations between host genetics and the harmonious microbiota. However, such associations may be obscured by the fact that each intra-pair of twins will continually encounter various environmental factors as they grow up. Here, we collected the meconium samples from nineteen dizygotic pairs (DZ, n = 38) and nine monozygotic pairs (MZ, n = 18) with cesarean delivery, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to profile the microbiome at birth. Diversity analysis showed that alpha diversity was not significantly different between two groups, whereas beta diversity of MZ twins was significantly lower than that of either DZ twins or unrelated individuals (i.e., randomly selected individual pairs of non-twinship) (p < 0.05). Two groups had very similar microbial classifications but different relative abundances of certain taxa including more Firmicutes (p = 0.05, Wilcoxon test) at the phylum level and lower abundances of five genera (p < 0.05) in DZ group compared to MZ group, including Rheinheimera, Proteus, SMB53, Sphingobium, and Megamonas. Co-occurrence analysis in each group showed slightly more complicated microbial interactions in DZ than MZ twins, although 22 shared bacterial genera co-existed in two groups, with both Rheinheimera and Megamonas having different centralities in their respective co-occurrence networks. Mean intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) were also significantly higher for MZ (0.312) compared to DZ twins (0.138) (p < 0.05). The predicted microbial gene functions related to carbohydrate were higher in DZ group, whereas folding, sorting, degradation, cell motility pathways and energy metabolism were markedly over-represented in the microbiota of MZ group. In summary, our study uncovered that microbial diversity and components of the meconium microbiome between DZ and MZ twins were partially consistent with that in singleton neonates by cesarean delivery, but several distinctions related to the heritability supported genetic contributions to intestinal microbiome in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Su Yao
- China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (CICC), China National Research Institute of Food & Fermentation Industries Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Kun Cheng
- China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (CICC), China National Research Institute of Food & Fermentation Industries Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Hou
- Computational Genomics Lab, Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huijun Feng
- China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (CICC), China National Research Institute of Food & Fermentation Industries Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xuejian Yu
- China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (CICC), China National Research Institute of Food & Fermentation Industries Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- China Center of Industrial Culture Collection (CICC), China National Research Institute of Food & Fermentation Industries Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Tong
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zailing Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyu Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Hernández-Quiroz F, Nirmalkar K, Villalobos-Flores LE, Murugesan S, Cruz-Narváez Y, Rico-Arzate E, Hoyo-Vadillo C, Chavez-Carbajal A, Pizano-Zárate ML, García-Mena J. Influence of moderate beer consumption on human gut microbiota and its impact on fasting glucose and β-cell function. Alcohol 2020; 85:77-94. [PMID: 31201859 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Beer is a beverage that has been consumed worldwide for thousands of years due to social, religious, and cultural reasons; it contains polyphenolic compounds as well as phenolic acids with a potential positive effect on human health. This study aimed to explore the impact of moderate beer consumption on human health and gut microbiota diversity. Three hundred fifty-five mL of non-alcoholic beer (NAB) or alcoholic beer (AB) were consumed daily by the participants for 30 days in each study. Anthropometric measures, blood samples for biochemistry, and fecal samples for microbiota analysis were collected on Day 1 and Day 30. Microbial diversity was characterized by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA libraries, and data were analyzed using the QIIME pipeline. We found that NAB and AB have effects on the composition of the gut microbiota, favoring the proliferation of Bacteroidetes with respect to Firmicutes. No increase in weight, waist, and hip parameters was observed, and the liver and lipid profile values were not modified for NAB. In addition, the consumption of NAB induced a decrease in fasting blood serum glucose and an increase in functional β cells, while, on the other hand, there was an increase in blood serum glucose and a decrease in functional β cells with the consumption of AB. In general, beer consumption neither changed anthropometric values, nor affected liver function. Although the glucose values decreased with NAB or increased with AB, they remained within the normal range. Our conclusion is that moderate consumption of NAB has a positive effect on human health via supplementation of biological active polyphenol and phenolic acids, and by enrichment of the gut microbiota diversity with beneficial bacteria, while the presence of alcohol in AB interferes with this effect. More work should be done on this topic before general conclusions are drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Hernández-Quiroz
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Khemlal Nirmalkar
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Loan Edel Villalobos-Flores
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Selvasankar Murugesan
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Yair Cruz-Narváez
- Laboratorio de Posgrado de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractiva del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Luis Enrique Erro s/n, Col. Zacatenco. Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico.
| | - Enrique Rico-Arzate
- Laboratorio de Posgrado de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractiva del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Luis Enrique Erro s/n, Col. Zacatenco. Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico.
| | - Carlos Hoyo-Vadillo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Alejandra Chavez-Carbajal
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - María Luisa Pizano-Zárate
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioprogramación. Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México, 11000, Mexico.
| | - Jaime García-Mena
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
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Fukunaga M, Kuda T, Xia Y, Nakamura S, Takahashi H, Kimura B. Detection and isolation of the typical gut indigenous bacteria from ddY mice fed a casein-beef tallow-based or egg yolk-based diet. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13246. [PMID: 32462679 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The effects of whole egg on the cecal microbiome of ddY mice has been reported. To investigate the existence of susceptible indigenous bacteria (SIB) to egg yolks (EY), mice were fed a diet containing either 20% (w/w) milk casein and 17% beef tallow (CT) or 12% milk casein and 27% EY for 14 days, and then, the cecal microbiome was analyzed by 16S rRNA (V4) amplicon sequencing. To isolate the typical species in each diet group, culture-dependent viable bacterial counts were determined on Blood Liver (BL) and Gifu Anaerobic Medium (GAM) agar plates. The amplicon sequencing analysis revealed typical CT-SIB, such as Lachnospiraceae-like bacteria, and EY-SIB, such as Allobaculum-, Lactobacillus murinus-, and Bacteroides vulgatus-like bacteria. Two of the detected SIB species, L. murinus- and B. vulgatus-like bacteria, were successfully isolated from the BL and GAM agar plates and defined using a 16S rDNA BLAST search. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The SIB defined in the CT and EY groups might have some effects on the nutritional and functional chemical compounds in the milk casein, beef tallow, and/or EY. Analysis of its functional properties of the isolates might develop the new and unique probiotic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Fukunaga
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kuda
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumeng Xia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saori Nakamura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Takahashi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bon Kimura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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Beyond Just Bacteria: Functional Biomes in the Gut Ecosystem Including Virome, Mycobiome, Archaeome and Helminths. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8040483. [PMID: 32231141 PMCID: PMC7232386 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8040483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota refers to a complex network of microbes, which exerts a marked influence on the host’s health. It is composed of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and helminths. Bacteria, or collectively, the bacteriome, comprises a significant proportion of the well-characterized microbiome. However, the other communities referred to as ‘dark matter’ of microbiomes such as viruses (virome), fungi (mycobiome), archaea (archaeome), and helminths have not been completely elucidated. Development of new and improved metagenomics methods has allowed the identification of complete genomes from the genetic material in the human gut, opening new perspectives on the understanding of the gut microbiome composition, their importance, and potential clinical applications. Here, we review the recent evidence on the viruses, fungi, archaea, and helminths found in the mammalian gut, detailing their interactions with the resident bacterial microbiota and the host, to explore the potential impact of the microbiome on host’s health. The role of fecal virome transplantations, pre-, pro-, and syn-biotic interventions in modulating the microbiome and their related concerns are also discussed.
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Metatranscriptomic analysis to define the Secrebiome, and 16S rRNA profiling of the gut microbiome in obesity and metabolic syndrome of Mexican children. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:61. [PMID: 32143621 PMCID: PMC7060530 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01319-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the last decade, increasing evidence has shown that changes in human gut microbiota are associated with diseases, such as obesity. The excreted/secreted proteins (secretome) of the gut microbiota affect the microbial composition, altering its colonization and persistence. Furthermore, it influences microbiota-host interactions by triggering inflammatory reactions and modulating the host's immune response. The metatranscriptome is essential to elucidate which genes are expressed under diseases. In this regard, little is known about the expressed secretome in the microbiome. Here, we use a metatranscriptomic approach to delineate the secretome of the gut microbiome of Mexican children with normal weight (NW) obesity (O) and obesity with metabolic syndrome (OMS). Additionally, we performed the 16S rRNA profiling of the gut microbiota. Results Out of the 115,712 metatranscriptome genes that codified for proteins, 30,024 (26%) were predicted to be secreted, constituting the Secrebiome of the gut microbiome. The 16S profiling confirmed an increased abundance in Firmicutes and decreased in Bacteroidetes in the obesity groups, and a significantly higher richness and diversity than the normal weight group. We found novel biomarkers for obesity with metabolic syndrome such as increased Coriobacteraceae, Collinsela, and Collinsella aerofaciens; Erysipelotrichaceae, Catenibacterium and Catenibacterium sp., and decreased Parabacteroides distasonis, which correlated with clinical and anthropometric parameters associated to obesity and metabolic syndrome. Related to the Secrebiome, 16 genes, homologous to F. prausniitzi, were overexpressed for the obese and 15 genes homologous to Bacteroides, were overexpressed in the obesity with metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, a significant enrichment of CAZy enzymes was found in the Secrebiome. Additionally, significant differences in the antigenic density of the Secrebiome were found between normal weight and obesity groups. Conclusions These findings show, for the first time, the role of the Secrebiome in the functional human-microbiota interaction. Our results highlight the importance of metatranscriptomics to provide novel information about the gut microbiome’s functions that could help us understand the impact of the Secrebiome on the homeostasis of its human host. Furthermore, the metatranscriptome and 16S profiling confirmed the importance of treating obesity and obesity with metabolic syndrome as separate conditions to better understand the interplay between microbiome and disease.
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Gómez Delgado G, Villalobos Gutiérrez PT, Muñoz Carillo JL, Gutiérrez Coronado O. El factor neurotrófico derivado del cerebro como biomarcador del síndrome metabólico infantil. Aten Primaria 2020; 52:54-55. [PMID: 31455558 PMCID: PMC6939017 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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68
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Chávez-Carbajal A, Nirmalkar K, Pérez-Lizaur A, Hernández-Quiroz F, Ramírez-Del-Alto S, García-Mena J, Hernández-Guerrero C. Gut Microbiota and Predicted Metabolic Pathways in a Sample of Mexican Women Affected by Obesity and Obesity Plus Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020438. [PMID: 30669548 PMCID: PMC6358992 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an excessive fat accumulation that could lead to complications like metabolic syndrome. There are reports on gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome in relation to dietary, host genetics, and other environmental factors; however, it is necessary to explore the role of the gut microbiota metabolic pathways in populations like Mexicans, where the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome is high. This study identify alterations of the gut microbiota in a sample of healthy Mexican women (CO), women with obesity (OB), and women with obesity plus metabolic syndrome (OMS). We studied 67 women, characterizing their anthropometric and biochemical parameters along with their gut bacterial diversity by high-throughput DNA sequencing. Our results indicate that in OB or OMS women, Firmicutes was the most abundant bacterial phylum. We observed significant changes in abundances of bacteria belonging to the Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae families and significant enrichment of gut bacteria from 16 different taxa that might explain the observed metabolic alterations between the groups. Finally, the predicted functional metagenome of the gut microbiota found in each category shows differences in metabolic pathways related to lipid metabolism. We demonstrate that Mexican women have a particular bacterial gut microbiota characteristic of each phenotype. There are bacteria that potentially explain the observed metabolic differences between the groups, and gut bacteria in OMS and OB conditions carry more genes of metabolic pathways implicated in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Chávez-Carbajal
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav-IPN, Av IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
| | - Khemlal Nirmalkar
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav-IPN, Av IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
| | - Ana Pérez-Lizaur
- Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de México, Paseo de la Reforma 880, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico.
| | - Fernando Hernández-Quiroz
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav-IPN, Av IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
| | - Silvia Ramírez-Del-Alto
- Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de México, Paseo de la Reforma 880, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico.
| | - Jaime García-Mena
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav-IPN, Av IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
| | - César Hernández-Guerrero
- Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de México, Paseo de la Reforma 880, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico.
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