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Chloroquine treatment influences immunological memory through the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway during the initiation of Plasmodium chabaudi infection. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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He WP, Chen YY, Wu LX, Guo YY, You ZS, Yang GF. A novel necroptosis-related lncRNA signature for predicting prognosis and anti-cancer treatment response in endometrial cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1018544. [PMID: 36466815 PMCID: PMC9708746 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1018544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Necroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, underlies tumorigenesis and the progression of cancers. Anti-cancer strategies targeting necroptosis have increasingly been shown to present a potential cancer therapy. However, the predictive utility and anticancer sensitivity value of necroptosis-related lncRNAs (NRLs) for endometrial cancer (EC) are currently unknown. METHODS EC patient gene expression profiles and the corresponding clinical information collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas were used to identify NRLs that constituted a predictive signature for EC. The functional pathways, immune status, clinicopathological correlation, and anticancer drug sensitivity of the patients relative to the NRLs signatures were analyzed. RESULTS A signature composed of 7 NRLs (AC019080.5, BOLA3-AS1, AC022144.1, AP000345.2, LEF1-AS1, AC010503.4, and RPARP-AS1) was identified. The high-risk patient group with this signature exhibited a poorer prognosis and lower survival rate than low-risk group lacking this signature. This necroptosis-related lncRNA signature had a higher predictive accuracy compared with other clinicopathological variables (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the risk score: 0.717). Additionally, when patients were stratified based on other clinicopathological variables, the overall survival was significantly shorter in the high-risk versus low-risk group across all cohorts. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that immune- and tumor-related signaling pathways and biological processes were enriched in the high-risk group compared to the low-risk group. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) additionally showed that the resulting risk score was strongly correlated with EC patient immune status. Finally, patients with high-risk scores were more sensitive to the anti-cancer drugs such as Docetaxel, Mitomycin.C, Vinblastine, AZD.2281 (olaparib), AZD6244, and PD.0332991 (Palbociclib). CONCLUSION These findings reveal a novel necroptosis-related lncRNA signature for predicting EC patient prognosis and shed new light on anticancer therapy strategies for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Guo-Fen Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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53
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Shi K, Zhang J, Zhou E, Wang J, Wang Y. Small-Molecule Receptor-Interacting Protein 1 (RIP1) Inhibitors as Therapeutic Agents for Multifaceted Diseases: Current Medicinal Chemistry Insights and Emerging Opportunities. J Med Chem 2022; 65:14971-14999. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kunyu Shi
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
- Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Enda Zhou
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
- Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
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Li X, Gulati M, Larson AC, Solheim JC, Jain M, Kumar S, Batra SK. Immune checkpoint blockade in pancreatic cancer: Trudging through the immune desert. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:14-27. [PMID: 36041672 PMCID: PMC9713834 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has exceptionally high mortality due to ineffective treatment strategies. Immunotherapy, which mobilizes the immune system to fight against cancer, has been proven successful in multiple cancers; however, its application in PC has met with limited success. In this review, we articulated that the pancreatic tumor microenvironment is immuno-suppressive with extensive infiltration by M2-macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressive cells but low numbers of cytotoxic T-cells. In addition, low mutational load and poor antigen processing, presentation, and recognition contribute to the limited response to immunotherapy in PC. Immune checkpoints, the critical targets for immunotherapy, have high expression in PC and stromal cells, regulated by tumor microenvironmental milieu (cytokine and metabolites) and cell-intrinsic mechanisms (epigenetic regulation, oncogenic signaling, and post-translational modifications). Combining immunotherapy with modulators of the tumor microenvironment may facilitate the development of novel therapeutic regimens to manage PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mansi Gulati
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Alaina C Larson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Joyce C Solheim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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55
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Puylaert P, Zurek M, Rayner KJ, De Meyer GRY, Martinet W. Regulated Necrosis in Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:1283-1306. [PMID: 36134566 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
During atherosclerosis, lipid-rich plaques are formed in large- and medium-sized arteries, which can reduce blood flow to tissues. This situation becomes particularly precarious when a plaque develops an unstable phenotype and becomes prone to rupture. Despite advances in identifying and treating vulnerable plaques, the mortality rate and disability caused by such lesions remains the number one health threat in developed countries. Vulnerable, unstable plaques are characterized by a large necrotic core, implying a prominent role for necrotic cell death in atherosclerosis and plaque destabilization. Necrosis can occur accidentally or can be induced by tightly regulated pathways. Over the past decades, different forms of regulated necrosis, including necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and secondary necrosis, have been identified, and these may play an important role during atherogenesis. In this review, we describe several forms of necrosis that may occur in atherosclerosis and how pharmacological modulation of these pathways can stabilize vulnerable plaques. Moreover, some challenges of targeting necrosis in atherosclerosis such as the presence of multiple death-inducing stimuli in plaques and extensive cross-talk between necrosis pathways are discussed. A better understanding of the role of (regulated) necrosis in atherosclerosis and the mechanisms contributing to plaque destabilization may open doors to novel pharmacological strategies and will enable clinicians to tackle the residual cardiovascular risk that remains in many atherosclerosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Puylaert
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology and Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Belgium (P.P., M.Z., G.R.Y.D.M., W.M.)
| | - Michelle Zurek
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology and Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Belgium (P.P., M.Z., G.R.Y.D.M., W.M.)
| | - Katey J Rayner
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology and Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada (K.J.R.).,University of Ottawa Heart Institute, ON, Canada (K.J.R.)
| | - Guido R Y De Meyer
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology and Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Belgium (P.P., M.Z., G.R.Y.D.M., W.M.)
| | - Wim Martinet
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology and Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Belgium (P.P., M.Z., G.R.Y.D.M., W.M.)
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Ermine K, Yu J, Zhang L. Role of Receptor Interacting Protein (RIP) kinases in cancer. Genes Dis 2022; 9:1579-1593. [PMID: 36157481 PMCID: PMC9485196 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Receptor Interacting Protein (RIP) kinase family consists of seven Serine/Threonine kinases, which plays a key signaling role in cell survival and cell death. Each RIP family member contains a conserved kinase domain and other domains that determine the specific kinase function through protein-protein interactions. RIP1 and RIP3 are best known for their critical roles in necroptosis, programmed necrosis and a non-apoptotic inflammatory cell death process. Dysregulation of RIP kinases contributes to a variety of pathogenic conditions such as inflammatory diseases, neurological diseases, and cancer. In cancer cells, alterations of RIP kinases at genetic, epigenetic and expression levels are frequently found, and suggested to promote tumor progression and metastasis, escape of antitumor immune response, and therapeutic resistance. However, RIP kinases can be either pro-tumor or anti-tumor depending on specific tumor types and cellular contexts. Therapeutic agents for targeting RIP kinases have been tested in clinical trials mainly for inflammatory diseases. Deregulated expression of these kinases in different types of cancer suggests that they represent attractive therapeutic targets. The focus of this review is to outline the role of RIP kinases in cancer, highlighting potential opportunities to manipulate these proteins in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylee Ermine
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jian Yu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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57
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Roles of RIPK3 in necroptosis, cell signaling, and disease. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:1695-1704. [PMID: 36224345 PMCID: PMC9636380 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00868-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIPK3, or RIP3) is an essential protein in the "programmed" and "regulated" cell death pathway called necroptosis. Necroptosis is activated by the death receptor ligands and pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system, and the findings of many reports have suggested that necroptosis is highly significant in health and human disease. This significance is largely because necroptosis is distinguished from other modes of cell death, especially apoptosis, in that it is highly proinflammatory given that cell membrane integrity is lost, triggering the activation of the immune system and inflammation. Here, we discuss the roles of RIPK3 in cell signaling, along with its role in necroptosis and various pathways that trigger RIPK3 activation and cell death. Lastly, we consider pathological situations in which RIPK3/necroptosis may play a role.
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58
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The resurrection of RIP kinase 1 as an early cell death checkpoint regulator-a potential target for therapy in the necroptosis era. EXPERIMENTAL & MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2022; 54:1401-1411. [PMID: 36171264 PMCID: PMC9534832 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00847-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Receptor-interacting serine threonine protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) has emerged as a central molecular switch in controlling the balance between cell survival and cell death. The pro-survival role of RIPK1 in maintaining cell survival is achieved via its ability to induce NF-κB-dependent expression of anti-apoptotic genes. However, recent advances have identified the pro-death function of RIPK1: posttranslational modifications of RIPK1 in the tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1)-associated complex-I, in the cytosolic complex-IIb or in necrosomes regulate the cytotoxic potential of RIPK1, forming an early cell death checkpoint. Since the kinase activity of RIPK1 is indispensable in RIPK3- and MLKL-mediated necroptosis induction, while it is dispensable in apoptosis, a better understanding of this early cell death checkpoint via RIPK1 might lead to new insights into the molecular mechanisms controlling both apoptotic and necroptotic modes of cell death and help develop novel therapeutic approaches for cancer. Here, we present an emerging view of the regulatory mechanisms for RIPK1 activity, especially with respect to the early cell death checkpoint. We also discuss the impact of dysregulated RIPK1 activity in pathophysiological settings and highlight its therapeutic potential in treating human diseases. Improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms that allow a protein to control the balance between cell survival or early death could reveal new approaches to treating conditions including chronic inflammatory disease and cancer. Gang Min Hur and colleagues at Chungnam National University in Daejeon, South Korea, with Han-Ming Shen at the University of Macau in China, review emerging evidence about how the protein called receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) influences whether cells move towards death or survival at a key ‘checkpoint’ in cell development. Cells can undergo a natural process of programmed cell death called apoptosis, die abnormally in a disease process called necroptosis, or survive. RIPK1 appears able to influence which path is chosen depending on which genes it regulates and which proteins it interacts with. Many details are still unclear, and need further investigation.
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59
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Chen L, Zhang X, Ou Y, Liu M, Yu D, Song Z, Niu L, Zhang L, Shi J. Advances in RIPK1 kinase inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:976435. [PMID: 36249746 PMCID: PMC9554302 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.976435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed necrosis is a new modulated cell death mode with necrotizing morphological characteristics. Receptor interacting protein 1 (RIPK1) is a critical mediator of the programmed necrosis pathway that is involved in stroke, myocardial infarction, fatal systemic inflammatory response syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, and malignancy. At present, the reported inhibitors are divided into four categories. The first category is the type I ATP-competitive kinase inhibitors that targets the area occupied by the ATP adenylate ring; The second category is type Ⅱ ATP competitive kinase inhibitors targeting the DLG-out conformation of RIPK1; The third category is type Ⅲ kinase inhibitors that compete for binding to allosteric sites near ATP pockets; The last category is others. This paper reviews the structure, biological function, and recent research progress of receptor interaction protein-1 kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China,Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaqing Ou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Chengdu 363 Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Maoyu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China,Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongke Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China,Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiheng Song
- Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihong Niu
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Lihong Niu, ; Lijuan Zhang, ; Jianyou Shi,
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China,Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Lihong Niu, ; Lijuan Zhang, ; Jianyou Shi,
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China,Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Lihong Niu, ; Lijuan Zhang, ; Jianyou Shi,
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60
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Deng D, Patel R, Chiang CY, Hou P. Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Regulating Pancreatic Cancer Therapy Resistance. Cells 2022; 11:2952. [PMID: 36230914 PMCID: PMC9563251 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has a notoriously poor prognosis, exhibits persistent drug resistance, and lacks a cure. Unique features of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment exacerbate tumorigenesis, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Recent studies emphasize the importance of exploiting cells in the tumor microenvironment to thwart cancers. In this review, we summarize the hallmarks of the multifaceted pancreatic tumor microenvironment, notably pancreatic stellate cells, tumor-associated fibroblasts, macrophages, and neutrophils, in the regulation of chemo-, radio-, immuno-, and targeted therapy resistance in pancreatic cancer. The molecular insight will facilitate the development of novel therapeutics against pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiyong Deng
- Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Riya Patel
- Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Cheng-Yao Chiang
- Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Pingping Hou
- Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
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Identification of Prognostic Signature of Necroptosis-Related lncRNAs and Molecular Subtypes in Glioma. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3440586. [PMID: 36110575 PMCID: PMC9468935 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3440586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background In tumor progression and epigenetic regulation, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and necroptosis are crucial regulators. However, in glioma microenvironment, the role of necroptosis-related lncRNAs (NRLs) remains unknown. Method In this study, the RNA-seq and clinical annotation of glioma patients were analyzed using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases. To investigate prognosis and tumor microenvironment of NRLs in gliomas, we conducted a prediction model based on the training cohort. The accuracy of the model was verified in the verification cohort. Results A signature composed of 13 NRLs was identified, and all glioma patients were divided into two groups. We found that each group has unique survival outcomes, biological behaviors, and immune infiltrating status. The necroptosis-related lncRNA signature (NRLS) model was found to be an independent risk factor in multivariate Cox analysis. Immunosuppressive microenvironment was positively correlated with the high-risk group. Due to significantly different IC50 between risk groups, NRLS could be used as a guide for chemotherapeutic treatment. Further, the entire cohort was divided into two clusters depending on NRLs. Consensus clustering method and the risk scoring system were basically similar. Survival probability was higher in Cluster 2, while Cluster 1 has stronger immunologic infiltration. Conclusion The predictive signature could be a prognostic factor independently and serve to detect the role of NRLs in glioma immunotherapy response.
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Diskin B, Adam S, Soto GS, Liria M, Aykut B, Sundberg B, Li E, Leinwand J, Chen R, Kim M, Salas RD, Cassini MF, Buttar C, Wang W, Farooq MS, Shadaloey SAA, Werba G, Fnu A, Yang F, Hirsch C, Glinski J, Panjwani A, Weitzner Y, Cohen D, Asghar U, Miller G. BTLA +CD200 + B cells dictate the divergent immune landscape and immunotherapeutic resistance in metastatic vs. primary pancreatic cancer. Oncogene 2022; 41:4349-4360. [PMID: 35948648 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Response to cancer immunotherapy in primary versus metastatic disease has not been well-studied. We found primary pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is responsive to diverse immunotherapies whereas liver metastases are resistant. We discovered divergent immune landscapes in each compartment. Compared to primary tumor, liver metastases in both mice and humans are infiltrated by highly anergic T cells and MHCIIloIL10+ macrophages that are unable to present tumor-antigen. Moreover, a distinctive population of CD24+CD44-CD40- B cells dominate liver metastases. These B cells are recruited to the metastatic milieu by Muc1hiIL18hi tumor cells, which are enriched >10-fold in liver metastases. Recruited B cells drive macrophage-mediated adaptive immune-tolerance via CD200 and BTLA. Depleting B cells or targeting CD200/BTLA enhanced macrophage and T-cell immunogenicity and enabled immunotherapeutic efficacy of liver metastases. Our data detail the mechanistic underpinnings for compartment-specific immunotherapy-responsiveness and suggest that primary PDA models are poor surrogates for evaluating immunity in advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Diskin
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Salma Adam
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gustavo Sanchez Soto
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miguel Liria
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Berk Aykut
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Belen Sundberg
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric Li
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joshua Leinwand
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruonan Chen
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mirhee Kim
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruben D Salas
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcelo F Cassini
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chandan Buttar
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohammad Saad Farooq
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sorin A A Shadaloey
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregor Werba
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amreek Fnu
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carolina Hirsch
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Glinski
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angilee Panjwani
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yael Weitzner
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deirdre Cohen
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Usman Asghar
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Miller
- S.A. Localio Laboratory, Departments of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Trinity Health of New England, Waterbury, CT, USA.
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Zhang H, Zhu S, Deng W, Li R, Zhou H, Xiong H. The landscape of chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in breast cancer: Perspectives and outlook. Front Immunol 2022; 13:887471. [PMID: 35935930 PMCID: PMC9354605 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.887471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy is a revolutionary adoptive cell therapy, which could modify and redirect T cells to specific tumor cells. Since CAR-T cell therapy was first approved for B cell-derived malignancies in 2017, it has yielded unprecedented progress in hematological tumors and has dramatically reshaped the landscape of cancer therapy in recent years. Currently, cumulative evidence has demonstrated that CAR-T cell therapy could be a viable therapeutic strategy for solid cancers. However, owing to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and heterogenous tumor antigens, the application of CAR-T cell therapy against solid cancers requires circumventing more challenging obstacles. Breast cancer is characterized by a high degree of invasiveness, malignancy, and poor prognosis. The review highlights the underlying targets of CAR-T cell therapy in breast cancer, summarizes the challenges associated with CAR-T cell therapy, and proposes the strategies to overcome these challenges, which provides a novel approach to breast cancer treatment.
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Li YR, Yu Y, Kramer A, Hon R, Wilson M, Brown J, Yang L. An Ex Vivo 3D Tumor Microenvironment-Mimicry Culture to Study TAM Modulation of Cancer Immunotherapy. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091583. [PMID: 35563889 PMCID: PMC9101510 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) accumulate in the solid tumor microenvironment (TME) and have been shown to promote tumor growth and dampen antitumor immune responses. TAM-mediated suppression of T-cell antitumor reactivity is considered to be a major obstacle for many immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive T/CAR-T-cell therapies. An ex vivo culture system closely mimicking the TME can greatly facilitate the study of cancer immunotherapies. Here, we report the development of a 3D TME-mimicry culture that is comprised of the three major components of a human TME, including human tumor cells, TAMs, and tumor antigen-specific T cells. This TME-mimicry culture can readout the TAM-mediated suppression of T-cell antitumor reactivity, and therefore can be used to study TAM modulation of T-cell-based cancer immunotherapy. As a proof-of-principle, the studies of a PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy and a MAO-A blockade therapy were performed and validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ruide Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Y.-R.L.); (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (R.H.); (M.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Yanqi Yu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Y.-R.L.); (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (R.H.); (M.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Adam Kramer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Y.-R.L.); (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (R.H.); (M.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Ryan Hon
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Y.-R.L.); (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (R.H.); (M.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Matthew Wilson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Y.-R.L.); (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (R.H.); (M.W.); (J.B.)
| | - James Brown
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Y.-R.L.); (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (R.H.); (M.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (Y.-R.L.); (Y.Y.); (A.K.); (R.H.); (M.W.); (J.B.)
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-310-825-8609
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The Impact of RIPK1 Kinase Inhibition on Atherogenesis: A Genetic and a Pharmacological Approach. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051016. [PMID: 35625752 PMCID: PMC9138372 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
RIPK1 (receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1) enzymatic activity drives both apoptosis and necroptosis, a regulated form of necrosis. Because necroptosis is involved in necrotic core development in atherosclerotic plaques, we investigated the effects of a RIPK1S25D/S25D mutation, which prevents activation of RIPK1 kinase, on atherogenesis in ApoE−/− mice. After 16 weeks of western-type diet (WD), atherosclerotic plaques from ApoE−/− RIPK1S25D/S25D mice were significantly larger compared to ApoE−/− RIPK1+/+ mice (167 ± 34 vs. 78 ± 18 × 103 µm2, p = 0.01). Cell numbers (350 ± 34 vs. 154 ± 33 nuclei) and deposition of glycosaminoglycans (Alcian blue: 31 ± 6 vs. 14 ± 4%, p = 0.023) were increased in plaques from ApoE−/− RIPK1S25D/S25D mice while macrophage content (Mac3: 2.3 ± 0.4 vs. 9.8 ± 2.4%, p = 0.012) was decreased. Plaque apoptosis was not different between both groups. In contrast, pharmacological inhibition of RIPK1 kinase with GSK’547 (10 mg/kg BW/day) in ApoE−/− Fbn1C1039G+/− mice, a model of advanced atherosclerosis, did not alter plaque size after 20 weeks WD, but induced apoptosis (TUNEL: 136 ± 20 vs. 62 ± 9 cells/mm2, p = 0.004). In conclusion, inhibition of RIPK1 kinase activity accelerated plaque progression in ApoE−/− RIPK1S25D/S25D mice and induced apoptosis in GSK’547-treated ApoE−/− Fbn1C1039G+/− mice. Thus, without directly comparing the genetic and pharmacological studies, it can be concluded that targeting RIPK1 kinase activity does not limit atherogenesis.
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Cucolo L, Chen Q, Qiu J, Yu Y, Klapholz M, Budinich KA, Zhang Z, Shao Y, Brodsky IE, Jordan MS, Gilliland DG, Zhang NR, Shi J, Minn AJ. The interferon-stimulated gene RIPK1 regulates cancer cell intrinsic and extrinsic resistance to immune checkpoint blockade. Immunity 2022; 55:671-685.e10. [PMID: 35417675 PMCID: PMC11289737 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) has pleiotropic effects on cancer immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), including roles in ICB resistance. We analyzed gene expression in ICB-sensitive versus ICB-resistant tumor cells and identified a strong association between interferon-mediated resistance and expression of Ripk1, a regulator of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily receptors. Genetic interaction screening revealed that in cancer cells, RIPK1 diverted TNF signaling through NF-κB and away from its role in cell death. This promoted an immunosuppressive chemokine program by cancer cells, enhanced cancer cell survival, and decreased infiltration of T and NK cells expressing TNF superfamily ligands. Deletion of RIPK1 in cancer cells compromised chemokine secretion, decreased ARG1+ suppressive myeloid cells linked to ICB failure in mice and humans, and improved ICB response driven by CASP8-killing and dependent on T and NK cells. RIPK1-mediated resistance required its ubiquitin scaffolding but not kinase function. Thus, cancer cells co-opt RIPK1 to promote cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic resistance to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Cucolo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qingzhou Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jingya Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yongjun Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Max Klapholz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Krista A Budinich
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhaojun Zhang
- Department of Statistics, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Yue Shao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Igor E Brodsky
- Mark Foundation Center for Immunotherapy, Immune Signaling, and Radiation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Martha S Jordan
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Nancy R Zhang
- Mark Foundation Center for Immunotherapy, Immune Signaling, and Radiation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Statistics, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Junwei Shi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Mark Foundation Center for Immunotherapy, Immune Signaling, and Radiation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andy J Minn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Mark Foundation Center for Immunotherapy, Immune Signaling, and Radiation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Hao Y, Shao H, Qu Z, Li J, Shi Y, Zhang W, Yu J, Fu P, Zhuang C. Investigation on the chemical space of the substituted triazole thio-benzoxazepinone RIPK1 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 236:114345. [PMID: 35398729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
As a key upstream kinase involved in the activation of necroptosis, receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) plays a vital role in the treatment of relevant inflammatory diseases. Recently, we described the thio-benzoxazepinones as RIPK1 necroptosis inhibitors. On this basis, we further explored the chemical space of the thio-benzoxazepinones by introducing substitutions on the triazole group and evaluated their anti-necroptotic activity. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) was extended for this series of new derivatives. The best compound 2 with methyl and compound 10 with fluoroethyl were obtained and both specifically inhibited necroptosis rather than apoptosis with EC50 values of 2.5 and 8.9 nM, respectively. They blocked the downstream necroptotic pathway to prevent cell lysis and prevent in vivo inflammation in a dose-dependent manner. This work provides that substituted thio-benzoxazepines can better occupy the hydrophobic cavity and enhance the hydrophobic interaction as promising lead compounds to enhance the in vivo activity of this class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Hongming Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhuo Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ying Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Wannian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Peng Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Niu A, Lin L, Zhang D, Jiang K, Weng D, Zhou W, Wang J. Discovery of novel 2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-one derivatives as potent RIPK1 kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 59:116686. [PMID: 35228069 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Necroptosis, a key form of programmed lytic cell death, has gained recognition as an important driver in various inflammatory diseases. Inhibition of kinase activity of receptor interaction protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), which block the activation of the necroptosis pathway has shown therapeutic potential in many human diseases. In order to find new chemotypes of RIPK1 inhibitors, a virtual screening workflow was performed and led to the discovery of 8-benzoyl-3-benzyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione (compound 8) as a hit compound. Further structural optimization identified a series of 2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-one derivatives as potent RIPK1 inhibitors. Among them, compound 41 exhibited prominent inhibitory activity against RIPK1 with an IC50 value of 92 nM. Meanwhile, compound 41 showed a significant anti-necroptotic effect in a necroptosis model in U937 cells. Therefore, compound 41 could be employed as a lead compound of RIPK1 inhibitors for further structural optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Niu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhi Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Danyang Zhang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Kaixuan Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Weng
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Wenjia Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China.
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Wu D, Liu X, Mu J, Yang J, Wu F, Zhou H. Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Proteins in Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Their Applications in Cancers. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030392. [PMID: 35327584 PMCID: PMC8945446 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote tumor proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, stemness, therapeutic resistance, and immune tolerance in a protein-dependent manner. Therefore, the traditional target paradigms are often insufficient to exterminate tumor cells. These pro-tumoral functions are mediated by the subsets of macrophages that exhibit canonical protein markers, while simultaneously having unique transcriptional features, which makes the proteins expressed on TAMs promising targets during anti-tumor therapy. Herein, TAM-associated protein-dependent target strategies were developed with the aim of either reducing the numbers of TAMs or inhibiting the pro-tumoral functions of TAMs. Furthermore, the recent advances in TAMs associated with tumor metabolism and immunity were extensively exploited to repolarize these TAMs to become anti-tumor elements and reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this review, we systematically summarize these current studies to fully illustrate the TAM-associated protein targets and their inhibitors, and we highlight the potential clinical applications of targeting the crosstalk among TAMs, tumor cells, and immune cells in anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.W.); (J.M.); (J.Y.)
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Jingtian Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.W.); (J.M.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.W.); (J.M.); (J.Y.)
| | - Fanglong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.W.); (J.M.); (J.Y.)
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.W.); (J.M.); (J.Y.)
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (H.Z.)
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70
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Deng J, Guo Y, Du J, Gu J, Kong L, Tao B, Li J, Fu D. The Intricate Crosstalk Between Insulin and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Review From Clinical to Molecular. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:844028. [PMID: 35252207 PMCID: PMC8891560 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.844028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased insulin level (or "hyperinsulinemia") is a common phenomenon in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) patients and signals poor clinical outcomes. Insulin is safe in low PDA risk population, while insulin significantly promotes PDA risk in high PDA risk population. The correlation between insulin and PDA is a reciprocal self-reinforcing relationship. On the one hand, pancreatic cancer cells synthesize multiple molecules to cause elevated peripheral insulin resistance, thus enhancing hyperinsulinemia. On the other hand, insulin promotes pancreatic cancer initiation and sustains PDA development by eliciting tumorigenic inflammation, regulating lipid and glucose metabolic reprogram, overcoming apoptosis through the crosstalk with IGF-1, stimulating cancer metastasis, and activating tumor microenvironment formation (inflammation, fibrosis, and angiogenesis). Currently, taking glucose sensitizing agents, including metformin, SGLT-2 inhibitor, and GLP-1 agonist, is an effective way of lowering insulin levels and controlling PDA development at the same time. In the future, new drugs targeting insulin-related signal pathways may pave a novel way for suppressing PDA initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ji Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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71
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Domanska D, Majid U, Karlsen VT, Merok MA, Beitnes ACR, Yaqub S, Bækkevold ES, Jahnsen FL. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of human colonic macrophages reveals niche-specific subsets. J Exp Med 2022; 219:212998. [PMID: 35139155 PMCID: PMC8932544 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are a heterogeneous population of cells involved in tissue homeostasis, inflammation, and cancer. Although macrophages are densely distributed throughout the human intestine, our understanding of how gut macrophages maintain tissue homeostasis is limited. Here we show that colonic lamina propria macrophages (LpMs) and muscularis macrophages (MMs) consist of monocyte-like cells that differentiate into multiple transcriptionally distinct subsets. LpMs comprise subsets with proinflammatory properties and subsets with high antigen-presenting and phagocytic capacity. The latter are strategically positioned close to the surface epithelium. Most MMs differentiate along two trajectories: one that upregulates genes associated with immune activation and angiogenesis, and one that upregulates genes associated with neuronal homeostasis. Importantly, MMs are located adjacent to neurons and vessels. Cell–cell interaction and gene network analysis indicated that survival, migration, transcriptional reprogramming, and niche-specific localization of LpMs and MMs are controlled by an extensive interaction with tissue-resident cells and a few key transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Domanska
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Umair Majid
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Victoria T Karlsen
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne A Merok
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | | | - Sheraz Yaqub
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen S Bækkevold
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Oral Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frode L Jahnsen
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Inactivation of EGLN3 hydroxylase facilitates Erk3 degradation via autophagy and impedes lung cancer growth. Oncogene 2022; 41:1752-1766. [PMID: 35124697 PMCID: PMC8933280 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02203-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEGLN3 is critically important for growth of various cancers including lung cancer. However, virtually nothing is known about the role and mechanism for EGLN3 hydroxylase activity in cancers. EGLN3 catalyzes the hydroxylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3 (Erk3), a potent driver of cancers. The role and mechanism for EGLN3-induced stabilization of Erk3 remain to be defined. Here, we show that Erk3 interacts with heat shock cognate protein of 70 kDa (HSC70) and lysosome-associated membrane protein type 2 A (LAMP2A), two core components of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). As a consequence, Erk3 is degraded by the CMA-lysosome pathway. EGLN3-catalyzed hydroxylation antagonizes CMA-dependent destruction of Erk3. Mechanistically, hydroxylation blunts the interaction of Erk3 with LAMP2A, thereby blocking lysosomal decay of Erk3. EGLN3 inactivation inhibits macrophage migration, efferocytosis, and M2 polarization. Studies using EGLN3 catalytically inactive knock-in mice indicate that inactivation of EGLN3 hydroxylase in host cells ameliorates LLC cancer growth through reprogramming the tumor microenvironment (TME). Adoptive transfer of macrophages with inactivated EGLN3 restrains tumor growth by mounting anti-tumor immunity and restricting angiogenesis. Administration of EGLN3 hydroxylase pharmacologic inhibitor to mice bearing LLC carcinoma impedes cancer growth by targeting the TME. LLC cells harboring inactivated EGLN3 exhibit reduced tumor burden via mitigating immunosuppressive milieu and inducing cancer senescence. This study provides novel insights into the role of CMA in regulating Erk3 stability and the mechanism behind EGLN3-enhanced stability of Erk3. This work demonstrates that inactivation of EGLN3 in malignant and stromal cells suppresses tumor by orchestrating reciprocal interplays between cancer cells and the TME. This work sheds new light on the role and mechanism for EGLN3 catalytic activity in regulating cancer growth. Manipulating EGLN3 activity holds promise for cancer treatment.
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Degboé Y, Poupot R, Poupot M. Repolarization of Unbalanced Macrophages: Unmet Medical Need in Chronic Inflammation and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1496. [PMID: 35163420 PMCID: PMC8835955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and their tissue counterpart macrophages (MP) constitute the front line of the immune system. Indeed, they are able to rapidly and efficiently detect both external and internal danger signals, thereby activating the immune system to eradicate the disturbing biological, chemical, or physical agents. They are also in charge of the control of the immune response and account for the repair of the damaged tissues, eventually restoring tissue homeostasis. The balance between these dual activities must be thoroughly controlled in space and time. Any sustained unbalanced response of MP leads to pathological disorders, such as chronic inflammation, or favors cancer development and progression. In this review, we take advantage of our expertise in chronic inflammation, especially in rheumatoid arthritis, and in cancer, to highlight the pivotal role of MP in the physiopathology of these disorders and to emphasize the repolarization of unbalanced MP as a promising therapeutic strategy to control these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Degboé
- Infinity, Université Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France;
- Département de Rhumatologie, CHU Toulouse, 31029 Toulouse, France
| | - Rémy Poupot
- Infinity, Université Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France;
| | - Mary Poupot
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, 31037 Toulouse, France;
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Liu M, Zhang H, Zhang L, Liu X, Zhou S, Wang X, Zhong W, Zhang J, Wang B, Zhao J, Zhou L. RIP3 blockade prevents immune-mediated hepatitis through a myeloid-derived suppressor cell dependent mechanism. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:199-213. [PMID: 34975327 PMCID: PMC8692153 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.65402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory liver disease, and its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Our previous study discovered that receptor interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3) is correlated with serum transaminase levels in AIH patients. However, its role and underlying mechanism in AIH are poorly understood. Here, we detected the increased expression and activation of RIP3 in livers of patients and animal models with AIH. The inhibition of RIP3 kinase by GSK872 prevented concanavalin A (ConA)-induced immune-mediated hepatitis (IMH) by reduced hepatic proinflammatory cytokines and immune cells including Th17 cells and macrophages. Further experiments revealed that RIP3 inhibition resulted in an increase in CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) with immunoregulatory properties in the liver, spleen, and peripheral blood. Moreover, the depletion of Gr-1+ MDSCs abrogated the protective effect and immune suppression function of GSK872 in ConA-induced IMH. Altogether, our data demonstrate that RIP3 blockade prevents ConA-induced IMH through promoting MDSCs infiltration. Inhibition of RIP3 kinase may be a novel therapeutic avenue for AIH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Simin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weilong Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Hetian District, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
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75
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Yan J, Wan P, Choksi S, Liu ZG. Necroptosis and tumor progression. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:21-27. [PMID: 34627742 PMCID: PMC8702466 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis, a form of programmed necrotic cell death, is a gatekeeper of host defense against certain pathogen invasions. The deregulation of necroptosis is also a key factor of many inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have revealed an important role of necroptosis in tumorigenesis and metastasis and imply the potential of targeting necroptosis as a novel cancer therapy. While its molecular mechanism has been well studied, details of the regulation and function of necroptosis of tumor cells in tumorigenesis and metastasis only began to emerge recently, and we discuss these herein.
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76
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Dan W, Zhong L, Zhang Z, Wan P, Lu Y, Wang X, Liu Z, Chu X, Liu B. RIP1-dependent Apoptosis and Differentiation Regulated by Skp2 and Akt/GSK3β in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:525-536. [PMID: 35370472 PMCID: PMC8964317 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.68385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous neoplasm characterized by variations in cytogenetics and molecular abnormalities, which result in variable response to therapy. Receptor-interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 (RIP1)-mediated necroptosis has been reported to have a potential role in the treatment of AML. We obtained Skp2 and RIP1 are significantly overexpressed in AML samples using original published data, and identified that Skp2-depletion in AML cells significantly suppressed RIP1. Functional analysis showed that the inhibition of RIP1 caused by necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) inhibited the proliferation, simultaneously facilitate both the apoptosis and differentiation of AML cells. Mechanistical analysis elucidated that knockdown of Skp2 suppresses RIP1 by transcriptional regulation but not by proteasome degradation. Additionally, Skp2 regulated the function of RIP1 by decreasing K63-linked ubiquitin interaction with RIP1. Moreover, the suppression of Akt/GSK3β was observed in Skp2 knockdown stable NB4 cells. Also, GSK3β inactivation via small-molecule inhibitor treatment remarkably decreased RIP1 level. RIP1 regulates differentiation by interacting with RARα, increasing RA signaling targets gene C/EBPα and C/EBPβ. In conclusion, our study provides a novel insight into the mechanism of tumorigenesis and the development of AML, for which the Skp2-Akt/GSK3β-RIP1 pathway can be developed as a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenran Dan
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Peng Wan
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Zhenyan Liu
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Xuan Chu
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Beizhong Liu
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China.,Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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77
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Shanmugam MK, Sethi G. Molecular mechanisms of cell death. MECHANISMS OF CELL DEATH AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THERAPEUTIC DEVELOPMENT 2022:65-92. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-814208-0.00002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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78
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Zhu S, Yi M, Wu Y, Dong B, Wu K. Roles of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor progression: implications on therapeutic strategies. Exp Hematol Oncol 2021; 10:60. [PMID: 34965886 PMCID: PMC8715617 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-021-00252-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are heterogeneous cells that present as different functional phenotypes due to their plasticity. They can be classified into two categories, namely M1- and M2-like macrophages, which are involved in processes as diverse as anti-tumor activity and immunosuppressive tumor promotion. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are defined as being of an M2-type and are considered as the active component in tumor microenvironment. TAMs are involved in multiple processes of tumor progression through the expression of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, protein hydrolases and more, which lead to enhance tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression, which in turn supports invasion and metastasis. It is assumed that the abundance of TAMs in major solid tumors is correlated to a negative patient prognosis. Because of the currently available data of the TAMs’ role in tumor development, these cells have emerged as a promising target for novel cancer treatment strategies. In this paper, we will briefly describe the origins and types of TAMs and will try to comprehensively show how TAMs contribute to tumorigenesis and disease progression. Finally, we will present the main TAM-based therapeutic strategies currently available.
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79
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Nanomedicine in Pancreatic Cancer: Current Status and Future Opportunities for Overcoming Therapy Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246175. [PMID: 34944794 PMCID: PMC8699181 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite access to a vast arsenal of anticancer agents, many fail to realise their full therapeutic potential in clinical practice. One key determinant of this is the evolution of multifaceted resistance mechanisms within the tumour that may either pre-exist or develop during the course of therapy. This is particularly evident in pancreatic cancer, where limited responses to treatment underlie dismal survival rates, highlighting the urgent need for new therapeutic approaches. Here, we discuss the major features of pancreatic tumours that contribute to therapy resistance, and how they may be alleviated through exploitation of the mounting and exciting promise of nanomedicines; a unique collection of nanoscale platforms with tunable and multifunctional capabilities that have already elicited a widespread impact on cancer management. Abstract The development of drug resistance remains one of the greatest clinical oncology challenges that can radically dampen the prospect of achieving complete and durable tumour control. Efforts to mitigate drug resistance are therefore of utmost importance, and nanotechnology is rapidly emerging for its potential to overcome such issues. Studies have showcased the ability of nanomedicines to bypass drug efflux pumps, counteract immune suppression, serve as radioenhancers, correct metabolic disturbances and elicit numerous other effects that collectively alleviate various mechanisms of tumour resistance. Much of this progress can be attributed to the remarkable benefits that nanoparticles offer as drug delivery vehicles, such as improvements in pharmacokinetics, protection against degradation and spatiotemporally controlled release kinetics. These attributes provide scope for precision targeting of drugs to tumours that can enhance sensitivity to treatment and have formed the basis for the successful clinical translation of multiple nanoformulations to date. In this review, we focus on the longstanding reputation of pancreatic cancer as one of the most difficult-to-treat malignancies where resistance plays a dominant role in therapy failure. We outline the mechanisms that contribute to the treatment-refractory nature of these tumours, and how they may be effectively addressed by harnessing the unique capabilities of nanomedicines. Moreover, we include a brief perspective on the likely future direction of nanotechnology in pancreatic cancer, discussing how efforts to develop multidrug formulations will guide the field further towards a therapeutic solution for these highly intractable tumours.
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80
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Aguirre JI, Castillo EJ, Kimmel DB. Biologic and pathologic aspects of osteocytes in the setting of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Bone 2021; 153:116168. [PMID: 34487892 PMCID: PMC8478908 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a potentially severe, debilitating condition affecting patients with cancer and patients with osteoporosis who have been treated with powerful antiresorptives (pARs) or angiogenesis inhibitors (AgIs). Oral risk factors associated with the development of MRONJ include tooth extraction and inflammatory dental disease (e.g., periodontitis, periapical infection). In bone tissues, osteocytes play a bidirectional role in which they not only act as the "receiver" of systemic signals from blood vessels, such as hormones and drugs, or local signals from the mineralized matrix as it is deformed, but they also play a critical role as "transmitter" of signals to the cells that execute bone modeling and remodeling (osteoclasts, osteoblasts and lining cells). When the survival capacity of osteocytes is overwhelmed, they can die. Osteocyte death has been associated with several pathological conditions. Whereas the causes and mechanisms of osteocyte death have been studied in conditions like osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), few studies of the causes and mechanisms of osteocyte death have been done in MRONJ. The three forms of cell death that affect most of the different cells in the body (apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis) have been recognized in osteocytes. Notably, necroptosis, a form of regulated cell death with "a necrotic cell death phenotype," has also been identified as a form of cell death in osteocytes under certain pathologic conditions. Improving the understanding of osteocyte death in MRONJ may be critical for preventing disease and developing treatment approaches. In this review, we intend to provide insight into the biology of osteocytes, cell death, in general, and osteocyte death, in particular, and discuss hypothetical mechanisms involved in osteocyte death associated with MRONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Aguirre
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - E J Castillo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - D B Kimmel
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America
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81
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Liu S, Joshi K, Denning MF, Zhang J. RIPK3 signaling and its role in the pathogenesis of cancers. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7199-7217. [PMID: 34654937 PMCID: PMC9044760 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03947-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RIPK3 (receptor-interacting protein kinase 3) is a serine/threonine-protein kinase. As a key component of necrosomes, RIPK3 is an essential mediator of inflammatory factors (such as TNFα-tumor necrosis factor α) and infection-induced necroptosis, a programmed necrosis. In addition, RIPK3 signaling is also involved in the regulation of apoptosis, cytokine/chemokine production, mitochondrial metabolism, autophagy, and cell proliferation by interacting with and/or phosphorylating the critical regulators of the corresponding signaling pathways. Similar to apoptosis, RIPK3-signaling-mediated necroptosis is inactivated in most types of cancers, suggesting RIPK3 might play a critical suppressive role in the pathogenesis of cancers. However, in some inflammatory types of cancers, such as pancreatic cancers and colorectal cancers, RIPK3 signaling might promote cancer development by stimulating proliferation signaling in tumor cells and inducing an immunosuppressive response in the tumor environment. In this review, we summarize recent research progress in the regulators of RIPK3 signaling, and discuss the function of this pathway in the regulation of mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL)-mediated necroptosis and MLKL-independent cellular behaviors. In addition, we deliberate the potential roles of RIPK3 signaling in the pathogenesis of different types of cancers and discuss the potential strategies for targeting this pathway in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanhui Liu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Kanak Joshi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Mitchell F Denning
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
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82
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Synthesis, In Vitro and In Silico Anticancer Activity of New 4-Methylbenzamide Derivatives Containing 2,6-Substituted Purines as Potential Protein Kinases Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312738. [PMID: 34884546 PMCID: PMC8657793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel class of potential protein kinase inhibitors 7–16 was synthesized in high yields using various substituted purines. The most promising compounds, 7 and 10, exhibited inhibitory activity against seven cancer cell lines. The IC50 values for compounds 7 and 10 were 2.27 and 2.53 μM for K562 cells, 1.42 and 1.52 μM for HL-60 cells, and 4.56 and 24.77 μM for OKP-GS cells, respectively. In addition, compounds 7 and 10 dose-dependently induced the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, preventing the cell division of OKP-GS cells. Compounds 7, 9, and 10 showed 36–45% inhibitory activity against PDGFRα and PDGFRβ at the concentration of 1 μM. Molecular modeling experiments showed that obtained compounds could bind to PDGFRα as either type 1 (compound 7, ATP-competitive) or type 2 (compound 10, allosteric) inhibitors, depending on the substituent in the amide part of the molecule.
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83
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Zhang Y, Li H, Huang Y, Chen H, Rao H, Yang G, Wan Q, Peng Z, Bertin J, Geddes B, Reilly M, Tran JL, Wang M. Stage-Dependent Impact of RIPK1 Inhibition on Atherogenesis: Dual Effects on Inflammation and Foam Cell Dynamics. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:715337. [PMID: 34760938 PMCID: PMC8572953 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.715337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Atherosclerosis is an arterial occlusive disease with hypercholesterolemia and hypertension as common risk factors. Advanced-stage stenotic plaque, which features inflammation and necrotic core formation, is the major reason for clinical intervention. Receptor interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) mediates inflammation and cell death and is expressed in atherosclerotic lesions. The role of RIPK1 in advanced-stage atherosclerosis is unknown. Approach and Results: To investigate the effect of RIPK1 inhibition in advanced atherosclerotic plaque formation, we used ApoESA/SA mice, which exhibit hypercholesterolemia, and develop angiotensin-II mediated hypertension upon administration of doxycycline in drinking water. These mice readily develop severe atherosclerosis, including that in coronary arteries. Eight-week-old ApoESA/SA mice were randomized to orally receive a highly selective RIPK1 inhibitor (RIPK1i, GSK547) mixed with a western diet, or control diet. RIPK1i administration reduced atherosclerotic plaque lesion area at 2 weeks of treatment, consistent with suppressed inflammation (MCP-1, IL-1β, TNF-α) and reduced monocyte infiltration. However, administration of RIPK1i unexpectedly exacerbated atherosclerosis at 4 weeks of treatment, concomitant with increased macrophages and lipid deposition in the plaques. Incubation of isolated macrophages with oxidized LDL resulted in foam cell formation in vitro. RIPK1i treatment promoted such foam cell formation while suppressing the death of these cells. Accordingly, RIPK1i upregulated the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes (Cd36, Ppara, Lxrα, Lxrb, Srebp1c) in macrophage foam cells with ABCA1/ABCG1 unaltered. Furthermore, RIPK1i treatment inhibited ApoA1 synthesis in the liver and reduced plasma HDL levels. Conclusion: RIPK1 modulates the development of atherosclerosis in a stage-dependent manner, implicating both pro-atherosclerotic (monocyte infiltration and inflammation) and anti-atherosclerotic effects (suppressing foam cell accumulation and promoting ApoA1 synthesis). It is critical to identify an optimal therapeutic duration for potential clinical use of RIPK1 inhibitor in atherosclerosis or other related disease indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haojie Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guoli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zekun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - John Bertin
- Innate Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States
| | - Brad Geddes
- Innate Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States
| | - Michael Reilly
- Innate Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States
| | - Jean-Luc Tran
- Innate Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States
| | - Miao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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84
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Wenzel J, Lampe J, Müller-Fielitz H, Schuster R, Zille M, Müller K, Krohn M, Körbelin J, Zhang L, Özorhan Ü, Neve V, Wagner JUG, Bojkova D, Shumliakivska M, Jiang Y, Fähnrich A, Ott F, Sencio V, Robil C, Pfefferle S, Sauve F, Coêlho CFF, Franz J, Spiecker F, Lembrich B, Binder S, Feller N, König P, Busch H, Collin L, Villaseñor R, Jöhren O, Altmeppen HC, Pasparakis M, Dimmeler S, Cinatl J, Püschel K, Zelic M, Ofengeim D, Stadelmann C, Trottein F, Nogueiras R, Hilgenfeld R, Glatzel M, Prevot V, Schwaninger M. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease M pro causes microvascular brain pathology by cleaving NEMO in brain endothelial cells. Nat Neurosci 2021. [PMID: 34675436 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-02100926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can damage cerebral small vessels and cause neurological symptoms. Here we describe structural changes in cerebral small vessels of patients with COVID-19 and elucidate potential mechanisms underlying the vascular pathology. In brains of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected individuals and animal models, we found an increased number of empty basement membrane tubes, so-called string vessels representing remnants of lost capillaries. We obtained evidence that brain endothelial cells are infected and that the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro) cleaves NEMO, the essential modulator of nuclear factor-κB. By ablating NEMO, Mpro induces the death of human brain endothelial cells and the occurrence of string vessels in mice. Deletion of receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK) 3, a mediator of regulated cell death, blocks the vessel rarefaction and disruption of the blood-brain barrier due to NEMO ablation. Importantly, a pharmacological inhibitor of RIPK signaling prevented the Mpro-induced microvascular pathology. Our data suggest RIPK as a potential therapeutic target to treat the neuropathology of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Wenzel
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel and Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Josephine Lampe
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel and Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Helge Müller-Fielitz
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Raphael Schuster
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marietta Zille
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel and Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kristin Müller
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus Krohn
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel and Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jakob Körbelin
- Department of Oncology, Hematology & Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ümit Özorhan
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel and Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Vanessa Neve
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Julian U G Wagner
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel and Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Denisa Bojkova
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mariana Shumliakivska
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yun Jiang
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anke Fähnrich
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Fabian Ott
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Valentin Sencio
- Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR 9017, University of Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Cyril Robil
- Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR 9017, University of Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Susanne Pfefferle
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florent Sauve
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DISTALZ, EGID, Lille, France
| | - Caio Fernando Ferreira Coêlho
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DISTALZ, EGID, Lille, France
| | - Jonas Franz
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
- Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frauke Spiecker
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Beate Lembrich
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sonja Binder
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Nina Feller
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel and Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Peter König
- Airway Research Center North, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ludovic Collin
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Villaseñor
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olaf Jöhren
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hermann C Altmeppen
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel and Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institute of Medical Virology, University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Klaus Püschel
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matija Zelic
- Rare and Neurologic Diseases Research, Sanofi, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Dimitry Ofengeim
- Rare and Neurologic Diseases Research, Sanofi, Framingham, MA, USA
| | | | - François Trottein
- Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR 9017, University of Lille, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rolf Hilgenfeld
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vincent Prevot
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, DISTALZ, EGID, Lille, France
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
- DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Hamburg-Lübeck-Kiel and Frankfurt, Germany.
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85
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Chen X, Zeh HJ, Kang R, Kroemer G, Tang D. Cell death in pancreatic cancer: from pathogenesis to therapy. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 18:804-823. [PMID: 34331036 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00486-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a devastating gastrointestinal cancer characterized by late diagnosis, limited treatment success and dismal prognosis. Exocrine tumours account for 95% of pancreatic cancers and the most common pathological type is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The occurrence and progression of PDAC involve multiple factors, including internal genetic alterations and external inflammatory stimuli. The biology and therapeutic response of PDAC are further shaped by various forms of regulated cell death, such as apoptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis and alkaliptosis. Cell death induced by local or systemic treatments suppresses tumour proliferation, invasion and metastasis. However, unrestricted cell death or tissue damage might result in an inflammation-related immunosuppressive microenvironment, which is conducive to tumour progression or recurrence. The precise extent to which cell death affects PDAC is not yet well described. A growing body of preclinical and clinical studies document significant correlations between mutations (for example, in KRAS and TP53), stress responses (such as hypoxia and autophagy), metabolic reprogramming and chemotherapeutic responses. Here, we describe the molecular machinery of cell death, discuss the complexity and multifaceted nature of lethal signalling in PDAC cells, and highlight the challenges and opportunities for activating cell death pathways through precision oncology treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Herbert J Zeh
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France. .,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. .,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France. .,Suzhou Institute for Systems Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China. .,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Daolin Tang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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86
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Chen D, Huang H, Zang L, Gao W, Zhu H, Yu X. Development and Verification of the Hypoxia- and Immune-Associated Prognostic Signature for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:728062. [PMID: 34691034 PMCID: PMC8526937 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.728062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We aim to construct a hypoxia- and immune-associated risk score model to predict the prognosis of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). By unsupervised consensus clustering algorithms, we generate two different hypoxia clusters. Then, we screened out 682 hypoxia-associated and 528 immune-associated PDAC differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of PDAC using Pearson correlation analysis based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression project (GTEx) dataset. Seven hypoxia and immune-associated signature genes (S100A16, PPP3CA, SEMA3C, PLAU, IL18, GDF11, and NR0B1) were identified to construct a risk score model using the Univariate Cox regression and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression, which stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups and were further validated in the GEO and ICGC cohort. Patients in the low-risk group showed superior overall survival (OS) to their high-risk counterparts (p < 0.05). Moreover, it was suggested by multivariate Cox regression that our constructed hypoxia-associated and immune-associated prognosis signature might be used as the independent factor for prognosis prediction (p < 0.001). By CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE algorithms, we discovered that patients in high-risk groups had lower immune score, stromal score, and immune checkpoint expression such as PD-L1, and different immunocyte infiltration states compared with those low-risk patients. The mutation spectrum also differs between high- and low-risk groups. To sum up, our hypoxia- and immune-associated prognostic signature can be used as an approach to stratify the risk of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjie Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Longjun Zang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenzhe Gao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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87
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Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent the most abundant leukocyte population in most solid tumors and are greatly influenced by the tumor microenvironment. More importantly, these macrophages can promote tumor growth and metastasis through interactions with other cell populations within the tumor milieu and have been associated with poor outcomes in multiple tumors. In this review, we examine how the tumor microenvironment facilitates the polarization of TAMs. Additionally, we evaluate the mechanisms by which TAMs promote tumor angiogenesis, induce tumor invasion and metastasis, enhance chemotherapeutic resistance, and foster immune evasion. Lastly, we focus on therapeutic strategies that target TAMs in the treatments of cancer, including reducing monocyte recruitment, depleting or reprogramming TAMs, and targeting inhibitory molecules to increase TAM-mediated phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J Petty
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Dwight H Owen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and OSU Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yiping Yang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and OSU Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiaopei Huang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and OSU Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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88
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Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215318. [PMID: 34771482 PMCID: PMC8582510 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent the most abundant leukocyte population in most solid tumors and are greatly influenced by the tumor microenvironment. More importantly, these macrophages can promote tumor growth and metastasis through interactions with other cell populations within the tumor milieu and have been associated with poor outcomes in multiple tumors. In this review, we examine how the tumor microenvironment facilitates the polarization of TAMs. Additionally, we evaluate the mechanisms by which TAMs promote tumor angiogenesis, induce tumor invasion and metastasis, enhance chemotherapeutic resistance, and foster immune evasion. Lastly, we focus on therapeutic strategies that target TAMs in the treatments of cancer, including reducing monocyte recruitment, depleting or reprogramming TAMs, and targeting inhibitory molecules to increase TAM-mediated phagocytosis.
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89
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Han H, Li S, Chen T, Fitzgerald M, Liu S, Peng C, Tang KH, Cao S, Chouitar J, Wu J, Peng D, Deng J, Gao Z, Baker TE, Li F, Zhang H, Pan Y, Ding H, Hu H, Pyon V, Thakurdin C, Papadopoulos E, Tang S, Gonzalvez F, Chen H, Rivera VM, Brake R, Vincent S, Wong KK. Targeting HER2 Exon 20 Insertion-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma with a Novel Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Mobocertinib. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5311-5324. [PMID: 34380634 PMCID: PMC8530969 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
No targeted treatments are currently approved for HER2 exon 20 insertion-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients. Mobocertinib (TAK-788) is a potent irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) designed to target human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/ERBB2) exon 20 insertion mutations. However, the function of mobocertinib on HER2 exon 20 insertion-mutant lung cancer is still unclear. Here we conducted systematic characterization of preclinical models to understand the activity profile of mobocertinib against HER2 exon 20 insertions. In HER2 exon 20 insertion-mutant cell lines, the IC50 of mobocertinib was higher than poziotinib and comparable with or slightly lower than afatinib, neratinib, and pyrotinib. Mobocertinib had the lowest HER2 exon 20 insertion IC50/wild-type (WT) EGFR IC50 ratio, indicating that mobocertinib displayed the best selectivity profile in these models. Also, mobocertinib showed strong inhibitory activity in HER2 exon 20YVMA allograft and patient-derived xenograft models. In genetically engineered mouse models, HER2 exon 20G776>VC lung tumors exhibited a sustained complete response to mobocertinib, whereas HER2 exon 20YVMA tumors showed only partial and transient response. Combined treatment with a second antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) against HER2, ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), synergized with mobocertinib in HER2 exon 20YVMA tumors. In addition to the tumor cell autonomous effect, sustained tumor growth control derived from M1 macrophage infiltration and CD4+ T-cell activation. These findings support the ongoing clinical development of mobocertinib (NCT02716116) and provide a rationale for future clinical evaluation of T-DM1 combinational therapy in HER2 exon 20YVMA insertion-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients. SIGNIFICANCE: This study elucidates the potent inhibitory activity of mobocertinib against HER2 exon 20 insertion-mutant lung cancer and the synergic effect of combined mobocertinib and T-DM1, providing a strong rationale for clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York.,Corresponding Authors: Kwok-Kin Wong, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016. Phone: 212-263-5466; Fax: 646-754-7546; E-mail: ; Shuai Li, Phone: 646-501-2849; E-mail: ; and Sylvie Vincent, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139. E-mail:
| | - Ting Chen
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Michael Fitzgerald
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited
| | - Shengwu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chengwei Peng
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Kwan Ho Tang
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Shougen Cao
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Johara Chouitar
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited
| | - Jiansheng Wu
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - David Peng
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Jiehui Deng
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Zhendong Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Theresa E. Baker
- ARIAD Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited
| | - Fei Li
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Hua Zhang
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Yuanwang Pan
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Hailin Ding
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Hai Hu
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Val Pyon
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Cassandra Thakurdin
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Eleni Papadopoulos
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Sittinon Tang
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Francois Gonzalvez
- ARIAD Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited
| | - Haiquan Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Victor M. Rivera
- ARIAD Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited
| | - Rachael Brake
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited
| | - Sylvie Vincent
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited.,Corresponding Authors: Kwok-Kin Wong, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016. Phone: 212-263-5466; Fax: 646-754-7546; E-mail: ; Shuai Li, Phone: 646-501-2849; E-mail: ; and Sylvie Vincent, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139. E-mail:
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York.,Corresponding Authors: Kwok-Kin Wong, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016. Phone: 212-263-5466; Fax: 646-754-7546; E-mail: ; Shuai Li, Phone: 646-501-2849; E-mail: ; and Sylvie Vincent, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 40 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139. E-mail:
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90
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The tumor microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: current perspectives and future directions. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:675-689. [PMID: 34591240 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-09988-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most lethal malignancies and is characterized by a unique tumor microenvironment (TME) consisting of an abundant stromal component. Many features contained with the PDAC stroma contribute to resistance to cytotoxic and immunotherapeutic regimens, as well as the propensity for this tumor to metastasize. At the cellular level, PDAC cells crosstalk with a complex mixture of non-neoplastic cell types including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. These intricate interactions fuel the progression and therapeutic resistance of this aggressive cancer. Moreover, data suggest the polarization of these cell types, in particular immune and fibroblast populations, dictate how PDAC tumors grow, metastasize, and respond to therapy. As a result, current research is focused on how to best target these populations to render tumors responsive to treatment. Herein, we summarize the cell populations implicated in providing a supporting role for the development and progression of PDAC. We focus on stromal fibroblasts and immune subsets that have been widely researched. We discuss factors which govern the phenotype of these populations and provide insight on how they have been targeted therapeutically. This review provides an overview of the tumor microenvironment and postulates that cellular and soluble factors within the microenvironment can be specifically targeted to improve patient outcomes.
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91
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Wang Z, Little N, Chen J, Lambesis KT, Le KT, Han W, Scott AJ, Lu J. Immunogenic camptothesome nanovesicles comprising sphingomyelin-derived camptothecin bilayers for safe and synergistic cancer immunochemotherapy. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:1130-1140. [PMID: 34385682 PMCID: PMC8855709 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00950-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the enormous therapeutic potential of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), it benefits only a small subset of patients. Some chemotherapeutics can switch 'immune-cold' tumours to 'immune-hot' to synergize with ICB. However, safe and universal therapeutic platforms implementing such immune effects remain scarce. We demonstrate that sphingomyelin-derived camptothecin nanovesicles (camptothesomes) elicit potent granzyme-B- and perforin-mediated cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses, potentiating PD-L1/PD-1 co-blockade to eradicate subcutaneous MC38 adenocarcinoma with developed memory immunity. In addition, camptothesomes improve the pharmacokinetics and lactone stability of camptothecin, avoid systemic toxicities, penetrate deeply into the tumour and outperform the antitumour efficacy of Onivyde. Camptothesome co-load the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitor indoximod into its interior using the lipid-bilayer-crossing capability of the immunogenic cell death inducer doxorubicin, eliminating clinically relevant advanced orthotopic CT26-Luc tumours and late-stage B16-F10-Luc2 melanoma, and achieving complete metastasis remission when combined with ICB and folate targeting. The sphingomyelin-derived nanotherapeutic platform and doxorubicin-enabled transmembrane transporting technology are generalizable to various therapeutics, paving the way for transformation of the cancer immunochemotherapy paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiren Wang
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Nicholas Little
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Kevin Tyler Lambesis
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Kimberly Thi Le
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Weiguo Han
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Aaron James Scott
- NCI-Designated University of Arizona Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jianqin Lu
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- NCI-Designated University of Arizona Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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92
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Scarpitta A, Hacker UT, Büning H, Boyer O, Adriouch S. Pyroptotic and Necroptotic Cell Death in the Tumor Microenvironment and Their Potential to Stimulate Anti-Tumor Immune Responses. Front Oncol 2021; 11:731598. [PMID: 34490126 PMCID: PMC8417056 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.731598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains the second most common cause of death worldwide affecting around 10 million patients every year. Among the therapeutic options, chemotherapeutic drugs are widely used but often associated with side effects. In addition, toxicity against immune cells may hamper anti-tumor immune responses. Some chemotherapeutic drugs, however, preserve immune functions and some can even stimulate anti-tumor immune responses through the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD) rather than apoptosis. ICD stimulates the immune system by several mechanisms including the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from dying cells. In this review, we will discuss the consequences of inducing two recently characterized forms of ICD, i.e., pyroptosis and necroptosis, in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the perspectives they may offer to increase the immunogenicity of the so-called cold tumors and to stimulate effective anti-tumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Scarpitta
- UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, Pathophysiology, Autoimmunity, Neuromuscular Diseases and Regenerative Therapies, Normandie University, Rouen, France
| | - Ulrich T Hacker
- Department of Oncology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pulmonology, and Infectious Diseases, University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hildegard Büning
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Olivier Boyer
- UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, Pathophysiology, Autoimmunity, Neuromuscular Diseases and Regenerative Therapies, Normandie University, Rouen, France.,Department of Immunology and Biotherapy, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Sahil Adriouch
- UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, Pathophysiology, Autoimmunity, Neuromuscular Diseases and Regenerative Therapies, Normandie University, Rouen, France
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93
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Serrano Nájera G, Narganes Carlón D, Crowther DJ. TrendyGenes, a computational pipeline for the detection of literature trends in academia and drug discovery. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15747. [PMID: 34344904 PMCID: PMC8333311 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94897-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Target identification and prioritisation are prominent first steps in modern drug discovery. Traditionally, individual scientists have used their expertise to manually interpret scientific literature and prioritise opportunities. However, increasing publication rates and the wider routine coverage of human genes by omic-scale research make it difficult to maintain meaningful overviews from which to identify promising new trends. Here we propose an automated yet flexible pipeline that identifies trends in the scientific corpus which align with the specific interests of a researcher and facilitate an initial prioritisation of opportunities. Using a procedure based on co-citation networks and machine learning, genes and diseases are first parsed from PubMed articles using a novel named entity recognition system together with publication date and supporting information. Then recurrent neural networks are trained to predict the publication dynamics of all human genes. For a user-defined therapeutic focus, genes generating more publications or citations are identified as high-interest targets. We also used topic detection routines to help understand why a gene is trendy and implement a system to propose the most prominent review articles for a potential target. This TrendyGenes pipeline detects emerging targets and pathways and provides a new way to explore the literature for individual researchers, pharmaceutical companies and funding agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Serrano Nájera
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - David Narganes Carlón
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
- Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
- Exscientia Ltd, Dundee One, River Court, 5 West Victoria Dock Road, Dundee, DD1 3JT, UK
| | - Daniel J Crowther
- Exscientia Ltd, Dundee One, River Court, 5 West Victoria Dock Road, Dundee, DD1 3JT, UK.
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94
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Faget J, Peters S, Quantin X, Meylan E, Bonnefoy N. Neutrophils in the era of immune checkpoint blockade. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-002242. [PMID: 34301813 PMCID: PMC8728357 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune checkpoint blockade-based immunotherapies are revolutionizing cancer management. Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) were recently highlighted to have a pivotal role in modulating the tumor microenvironment and the antitumor immune response. However, these cells were largely ignored during the development of therapies based on programmed cell death receptor or ligand-1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Latest evidences of neutrophil functional diversity in tumor raised many questions and suggest that targeting these cells can offer new treatment opportunities in the context of ICI development. Here, we summarized key information on TAN origin, function, and plasticity that should be considered when developing ICIs and provide a detailed review of the ongoing clinical trials that combine ICIs and a second compound that might affect or be affected by TANs. This review article synthetizes important notions from the literature demonstrating that: (1) Cancer development associates with a profound alteration of neutrophil biogenesis and function that can predict and interfere with the response to ICIs, (2) Neutrophil infiltration in tumor is associated with key features of resistance to ICIs, and (3) TANs play an important role in resistance to antiangiogenic drugs reducing their clinical benefit when used in combination with ICIs. Finally, exploring the clinical/translational aspects of neutrophil impact on the response to ICIs offers the opportunity to propose new translational research avenues to better understand TAN biology and treat patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Faget
- IRCM, Inserm, Univ Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
| | - Solange Peters
- Department of Oncology CHUV-UNIL, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xavier Quantin
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, 34298, Montpellier, France
| | - Etienne Meylan
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Bonnefoy
- IRCM, Inserm, Univ Montpellier, ICM, Montpellier, France, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
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95
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Awadasseid A, Wu Y, Zhang W. Advance investigation on synthetic small-molecule inhibitors targeting PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway. Life Sci 2021; 282:119813. [PMID: 34256042 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade has displayed substantial anti-tumor resistance in a variety of forms of cancer, but the fundamental regulation role remains unclear, and several questions continue to be addressed. PD-1/PD-L1 has been recognized as an anti-cancer drug target for several years, and through targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway, many monoclonal antibodies have thus far produced promising results in cancer therapy. The discovery of small-molecule inhibitors focused on the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway is steadily reviving over decades, owing to the intrinsic shortcomings of the antibodies. PD-1 function and its PD-L1 or PD-L2 ligands are essential for the activation, proliferation, and cytotoxic secretion of T-cells in cancer to degenerate anti-tumor immune response. The axis PD-1/PD-L1 is important for the immune escape of cancer which has an immense impact on cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the function of PD-1 and PD-L1 in cancer and aiming to enhance cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annoor Awadasseid
- Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Department of Biochemistry & Food Sciences, University of Kordofan, El-Obeid 51111, Sudan
| | - Yanling Wu
- Lab of Molecular Immunology, Virus Inspection Department, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Institute of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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96
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Du W, Pasca di Magliano M, Zhang Y. Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Stromal Crosstalk-Mediated Immune Suppression in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:682217. [PMID: 34290984 PMCID: PMC8287251 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.682217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The stroma-rich, immunosuppressive microenvironment is a hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). Tumor cells and other cellular components of the tumor microenvironment, such as cancer associated fibroblasts, CD4+ T cells and myeloid cells, are linked by a web of interactions. Their crosstalk not only results in immune evasion of PDA, but also contributes to pancreatic cancer cell plasticity, invasiveness, metastasis, chemo-resistance, immunotherapy-resistance and radiotherapy-resistance. In this review, we characterize several prevalent populations of stromal cells in the PDA microenvironment and describe how the crosstalk among them drives and maintains immune suppression. We also summarize therapeutic approaches to target the stroma. With a better understanding of the complex cellular and molecular networks in PDA, strategies aimed at sensitizing PDA to chemotherapy or immunotherapy through re-programing the tumor microenvironment can be designed, and in turn lead to improved clinical treatment for pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Du
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Marina Pasca di Magliano
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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97
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Hussain Z, Nigri J, Tomasini R. The Cellular and Biological Impact of Extracellular Vesicles in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123040. [PMID: 34207163 PMCID: PMC8235245 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The increased incidence and global failure of ongoing therapies project pancreatic cancer as the second deadliest cancer worldwide. While our knowledge of pancreatic cancer cells’ abilities and specificities has drastically improved based on multi-scaled omics, one must consider that much more remains to be uncovered on the role and impact of stromal cells and the established network of communication with tumor cells. This review article discusses how tumor cells communicate with the various cells composing the stroma and its implication in tumor cells’ abilities, PDA (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma) carcinogenesis and therapeutic response. We will focus on extracellular vesicles-mediated crosstalk and how this multifaceted dialogue impacts both cellular compartments and its subsequent impact on PDA biology. Abstract Deciphering the interactions between tumor and stromal cells is a growing field of research to improve pancreatic cancer-associated therapies and patients’ care. Indeed, while accounting for 50 to 90% of the tumor mass, many pieces of evidence reported that beyond their structural role, the non-tumoral cells composing the intra-tumoral microenvironment influence tumor cells’ proliferation, metabolism, cell death and resistance to therapies, among others. Simultaneously, tumor cells can influence non-tumoral neighboring or distant cells in order to shape a tumor-supportive and immunosuppressive environment as well as influencing the formation of metastatic niches. Among intercellular modes of communication, extracellular vesicles can simultaneously transfer the largest variety of signals and were recently reported as key effectors of cell–cell communication in pancreatic cancer, from its development to its evolution as well as its ability to resist available treatments. This review focuses on extracellular vesicles-mediated communication between different cellular components of pancreatic tumors, from the modulation of cellular activities and abilities to their biological and physiological relevance. Taking into consideration the intra-tumoral microenvironment and its extracellular-mediated crosstalk as main drivers of pancreatic cancer development should open up new therapeutic windows.
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98
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Abstract
Macrophages are multi-functional innate immune cells that occupy normal or pathologic tissues, including cancer tissues. The importance of macrophage ontogeny and the transcriptional networks underlying their functional diversity are underappreciated in immuno-oncology. Here, we discuss the implications of these fundamental characteristics for therapeutically reprogramming macrophages to sustain their tumoricidal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Tzetzo
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Scott I Abrams
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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99
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Poh AR, Ernst M. Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Therapeutic Opportunities and Clinical Challenges. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122860. [PMID: 34201127 PMCID: PMC8226457 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Macrophages are a major component of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, and their increased abundance is associated with poor patient survival. Given the multi-faceted role of macrophages in promoting pancreatic tumor development and progression, these cells represent promising targets for anti-cancer therapy. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignant disease with a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. Macrophages are one of the earliest infiltrating cells in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, and are associated with an increased risk of disease progression, recurrence, metastasis, and shorter overall survival. Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated an unequivocal role of macrophages in PDAC by contributing to chronic inflammation, cancer cell stemness, desmoplasia, immune suppression, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Several macrophage-targeting therapies have also been investigated in pre-clinical models, and include macrophage depletion, inhibiting macrophage recruitment, and macrophage reprogramming. However, the effectiveness of these drugs in pre-clinical models has not always translated into clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms that underpin macrophage heterogeneity within the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, and examine the contribution of macrophages at various stages of PDAC progression. We also provide a comprehensive update of macrophage-targeting therapies that are currently undergoing clinical evaluation, and discuss clinical challenges associated with these treatment modalities in human PDAC patients.
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100
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Garcia LR, Tenev T, Newman R, Haich RO, Liccardi G, John SW, Annibaldi A, Yu L, Pardo M, Young SN, Fitzgibbon C, Fernando W, Guppy N, Kim H, Liang LY, Lucet IS, Kueh A, Roxanis I, Gazinska P, Sims M, Smyth T, Ward G, Bertin J, Beal AM, Geddes B, Choudhary JS, Murphy JM, Aurelia Ball K, Upton JW, Meier P. Ubiquitylation of MLKL at lysine 219 positively regulates necroptosis-induced tissue injury and pathogen clearance. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3364. [PMID: 34099649 PMCID: PMC8184782 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23474-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis is a lytic, inflammatory form of cell death that not only contributes to pathogen clearance but can also lead to disease pathogenesis. Necroptosis is triggered by RIPK3-mediated phosphorylation of MLKL, which is thought to initiate MLKL oligomerisation, membrane translocation and membrane rupture, although the precise mechanism is incompletely understood. Here, we show that K63-linked ubiquitin chains are attached to MLKL during necroptosis and that ubiquitylation of MLKL at K219 significantly contributes to the cytotoxic potential of phosphorylated MLKL. The K219R MLKL mutation protects animals from necroptosis-induced skin damage and renders cells resistant to pathogen-induced necroptosis. Mechanistically, we show that ubiquitylation of MLKL at K219 is required for higher-order assembly of MLKL at membranes, facilitating its rupture and necroptosis. We demonstrate that K219 ubiquitylation licenses MLKL activity to induce lytic cell death, suggesting that necroptotic clearance of pathogens as well as MLKL-dependent pathologies are influenced by the ubiquitin-signalling system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ramos Garcia
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
| | - Tencho Tenev
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Richard Newman
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Rachel O Haich
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Gianmaria Liccardi
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 44, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sidonie Wicky John
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Alessandro Annibaldi
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Lu Yu
- Functional Proteomics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Mercedes Pardo
- Functional Proteomics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Samuel N Young
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Cheree Fitzgibbon
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Winnie Fernando
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Naomi Guppy
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Hyojin Kim
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Lung-Yu Liang
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Isabelle S Lucet
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Kueh
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ioannis Roxanis
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Patrycja Gazinska
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - John Bertin
- Innate Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
- Immunology and Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area at Sanofi, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Allison M Beal
- Innate Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Brad Geddes
- Innate Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Jyoti S Choudhary
- Functional Proteomics Group, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - James M Murphy
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - K Aurelia Ball
- Department of Chemistry, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, USA
| | - Jason W Upton
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Pascal Meier
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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