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Yahya I, Al Haj A, Brand-Saberi B, Morosan-Puopolo G. Chicken Second Branchial Arch Progenitor Cells Contribute to Heart Musculature in vitro and in vivo. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 209:165-176. [PMID: 33423027 DOI: 10.1159/000511686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past, the heart muscle was thought to originate from a single source of myocardial progenitor cells. More recently, however, an additional source of myocardial progenitors has been revealed to be the second heart field, and chicken embryos were important for establishing this concept. However, there have been few studies in chicken on how this field contributes to heart muscles in vitro. We have developed an ex vivo experimental system from chicken embryos between stages HH17-20 to investigate how mesodermal progenitors in the second branchial arch (BA2) differentiate into cardiac muscles. Using this method, we presented evidence that the progenitor cells within the BA2 arch differentiated into beating cardiomyocytes in vitro. The beating explant cells were positive for cardiac actin, Nkx2.5, and ventricular myosin heavy chain. In addition, we performed a time course for the expression of second heart field markers (Isl1 and Nkx2.5) in the BA2 from stage HH16 to stage HH21 using in situ hybridization. Accordingly, using EGFP-based cell labeling techniques and quail-chicken cell injection, we demonstrated that mesodermal cells from the BA2 contributed to the outflow tract and ventricular myocardium in vivo. Thus, our findings highlight the cardiogenic potential of chicken BA2 mesodermal cells in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imadeldin Yahya
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khartoum University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Abdulatif Al Haj
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Beate Brand-Saberi
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gabriela Morosan-Puopolo
- Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany,
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Hamline MY, Corcoran CM, Wamstad JA, Miletich I, Feng J, Lohr JL, Hemberger M, Sharpe PT, Gearhart MD, Bardwell VJ. OFCD syndrome and extraembryonic defects are revealed by conditional mutation of the Polycomb-group repressive complex 1.1 (PRC1.1) gene BCOR. Dev Biol 2020; 468:110-132. [PMID: 32692983 PMCID: PMC9583620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BCOR is a critical regulator of human development. Heterozygous mutations of BCOR in females cause the X-linked developmental disorder Oculofaciocardiodental syndrome (OFCD), and hemizygous mutations of BCOR in males cause gestational lethality. BCOR associates with Polycomb group proteins to form one subfamily of the diverse Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) complexes, designated PRC1.1. Currently there is limited understanding of differing developmental roles of the various PRC1 complexes. We therefore generated a conditional exon 9-10 knockout Bcor allele and a transgenic conditional Bcor expression allele and used these to define multiple roles of Bcor, and by implication PRC1.1, in mouse development. Females heterozygous for Bcor exhibiting mosaic expression due to the X-linkage of the gene showed reduced postnatal viability and had OFCD-like defects. By contrast, Bcor hemizygosity in the entire male embryo resulted in embryonic lethality by E9.5. We further dissected the roles of Bcor, focusing on some of the tissues affected in OFCD through use of cell type specific Cre alleles. Mutation of Bcor in neural crest cells caused cleft palate, shortening of the mandible and tympanic bone, ectopic salivary glands and abnormal tongue musculature. We found that defects in the mandibular region, rather than in the palate itself, led to palatal clefting. Mutation of Bcor in hindlimb progenitor cells of the lateral mesoderm resulted in 2/3 syndactyly. Mutation of Bcor in Isl1-expressing lineages that contribute to the heart caused defects including persistent truncus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect and fetal lethality. Mutation of Bcor in extraembryonic lineages resulted in placental defects and midgestation lethality. Ubiquitous over expression of transgenic Bcor isoform A during development resulted in embryonic defects and midgestation lethality. The defects we have found in Bcor mutants provide insights into the etiology of the OFCD syndrome and how BCOR-containing PRC1 complexes function in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Y Hamline
- The Molecular, Cellular, Developmental Biology and Genetics Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA; University of Minnesota Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Connie M Corcoran
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Joseph A Wamstad
- The Molecular, Cellular, Developmental Biology and Genetics Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Isabelle Miletich
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Jifan Feng
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Jamie L Lohr
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Myriam Hemberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Paul T Sharpe
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK; Medical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Micah D Gearhart
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA; Developmental Biology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Vivian J Bardwell
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA; Developmental Biology Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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53
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Hatzistergos KE, Durante MA, Valasaki K, Wanschel ACBA, Harbour JW, Hare JM. A novel cardiomyogenic role for Isl1 + neural crest cells in the inflow tract. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/49/eaba9950. [PMID: 33268364 PMCID: PMC7821887 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba9950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The degree to which populations of cardiac progenitors (CPCs) persist in the postnatal heart remains a controversial issue in cardiobiology. To address this question, we conducted a spatiotemporally resolved analysis of CPC deployment dynamics, tracking cells expressing the pan-CPC gene Isl1 Most CPCs undergo programmed silencing during early cardiogenesis through proteasome-mediated and PRC2 (Polycomb group repressive complex 2)-mediated Isl1 repression, selectively in the outflow tract. A notable exception is a domain of cardiac neural crest cells (CNCs) in the inflow tract. These "dorsal CNCs" are regulated through a Wnt/β-catenin/Isl1 feedback loop and generate a limited number of trabecular cardiomyocytes that undergo multiple clonal divisions during compaction, to eventually produce ~10% of the biventricular myocardium. After birth, CNCs continue to generate cardiomyocytes that, however, exhibit diminished clonal amplification dynamics. Thus, although the postnatal heart sustains cardiomyocyte-producing CNCs, their regenerative potential is likely diminished by the loss of trabeculation-like proliferative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos E Hatzistergos
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Sciences, School of Biology, Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Michael A Durante
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Krystalenia Valasaki
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Amarylis C B A Wanschel
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - J William Harbour
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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54
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Ahluwalia N, Gelb BD. A de novo pathogenic BMP2 variant-related phenotype with the novel finding of bicuspid aortic valve. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 185:575-578. [PMID: 33247540 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A rare autosomal dominant syndrome with craniofacial dysmorphisms, skeletal abnormalities, short stature, and congenital heart defects has recently been described, associated with monoallelic truncating and frameshift bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) variants and deletions. We describe a patient harboring a novel de novo BMP2 nonsense variant, who exhibited craniofacial and skeletal features previously described for this trait and the novel findings of bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and aortic root and ascending aortic aneurysm. This first instance of aortic valve involvement provides another potential cause of BAV and confirms the role of BMP2 in left ventricular outflow development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Ahluwalia
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bruce D Gelb
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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55
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Christ A, Marczenke M, Willnow TE. LRP2 controls sonic hedgehog-dependent differentiation of cardiac progenitor cells during outflow tract formation. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:3183-3196. [PMID: 32901292 PMCID: PMC7689296 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Conotruncal malformations are a major cause of congenital heart defects in newborn infants. Recently, genetic screens in humans and in mouse models have identified mutations in LRP2, a multi-ligand receptor, as a novel cause of a common arterial trunk, a severe form of outflow tract (OFT) defect. Yet, the underlying mechanism why the morphogen receptor LRP2 is essential for OFT development remained unexplained. Studying LRP2-deficient mouse models, we now show that LRP2 is expressed in the cardiac progenitor niche of the anterior second heart field (SHF) that contributes to the elongation of the OFT during separation into aorta and pulmonary trunk. Loss of LRP2 in mutant mice results in the depletion of a pool of sonic hedgehog-dependent progenitor cells in the anterior SHF due to premature differentiation into cardiomyocytes as they migrate into the OFT myocardium. Depletion of this cardiac progenitor cell pool results in aberrant shortening of the OFT, the likely cause of CAT formation in affected mice. Our findings identified the molecular mechanism whereby LRP2 controls the maintenance of progenitor cell fate in the anterior SHF essential for OFT separation, and why receptor dysfunction is a novel cause of conotruncal malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Christ
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maike Marczenke
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas E Willnow
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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56
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Mef2c factors are required for early but not late addition of cardiomyocytes to the ventricle. Dev Biol 2020; 470:95-107. [PMID: 33245870 PMCID: PMC7819464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
During heart formation, the heart grows and undergoes dramatic morphogenesis to achieve efficient embryonic function. Both in fish and amniotes, much of the growth occurring after initial heart tube formation arises from second heart field (SHF)-derived progenitor cell addition to the arterial pole, allowing chamber formation. In zebrafish, this process has been extensively studied during embryonic life, but it is unclear how larval cardiac growth occurs beyond 3 days post-fertilisation (dpf). By quantifying zebrafish myocardial growth using live imaging of GFP-labelled myocardium we show that the heart grows extensively between 3 and 5 dpf. Using methods to assess cell division, cellular development timing assay and Kaede photoconversion, we demonstrate that proliferation, CM addition, and hypertrophy contribute to ventricle growth. Mechanistically, we show that reduction in Mef2c activity (mef2ca+/-;mef2cb-/-), downstream or in parallel with Nkx2.5 and upstream of Ltbp3, prevents some CM addition and differentiation, resulting in a significantly smaller ventricle by 3 dpf. After 3 dpf, however, CM addition in mef2ca+/-;mef2cb-/- mutants recovers to a normal pace, and the heart size gap between mutants and their siblings diminishes into adulthood. Thus, as in mice, there is an early time window when SHF contribution to the myocardium is particularly sensitive to loss of Mef2c activity.
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57
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Maternal obesity persistently alters cardiac progenitor gene expression and programs adult-onset heart disease susceptibility. Mol Metab 2020; 43:101116. [PMID: 33212270 PMCID: PMC7720025 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Heart disease risk can be programmed by intrauterine exposure to obesity. Dysregulating key transcription factors in cardiac progenitors can cause subsequent adult-onset heart disease. In this study, we investigated the transcriptional pathways that are altered in the embryonic heart and linked to heart disease risk in offspring exposed to obesity during pregnancy. Methods Female mice were fed an obesogenic diet and mated with males fed a control diet. Heart function and genome-wide gene expression were analyzed in adult offspring born to obese and lean mice at baseline and in response to stress. Cross-referencing with genes dysregulated genome-wide in cardiac progenitors from embryos of obese mice and human fetal hearts revealed the transcriptional events associated with adult-onset heart disease susceptibility. Results We found that adult mice born to obese mothers develop mild heart dysfunction consistent with early stages of disease. Accordingly, hearts of these mice dysregulated genes controlling extracellular matrix remodeling, metabolism, and TGF-β signaling, known to control heart disease progression. These pathways were already dysregulated in cardiac progenitors in embryos of obese mice. Moreover, in response to cardiovascular stress, the heart of adults born to obese dams developed exacerbated myocardial remodeling and excessively activated regulators of cell-extracellular matrix interactions but failed to activate metabolic regulators. Expression of developmentally regulated genes was altered in cardiac progenitors of embryos of obese mice and human hearts of fetuses of obese donors. Accordingly, the levels of Nkx2-5, a key regulator of heart development, inversely correlated with maternal body weight in mice. Furthermore, Nkx2-5 target genes were dysregulated in cardiac progenitors and persistently in adult hearts born to obese mice and human hearts from pregnancies affected by obesity. Conclusions Obesity during pregnancy alters Nkx2-5-controlled transcription in differentiating cardiac progenitors and persistently in the adult heart, making the adult heart vulnerable to dysregulated stress responses. Maternal obesity programs progressive heart dysfunction in adult offspring. Offspring of obese dams are prone to dysregulated stress responses in the heart. Nkx2-5-controlled transcription is dysregulated in hearts exposed to obesity in utero. Obesity during pregnancy broadly affects gene expression in the embryonic heart.
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58
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Deepe R, Fitzgerald E, Wolters R, Drummond J, Guzman KD, van den Hoff MJ, Wessels A. The Mesenchymal Cap of the Atrial Septum and Atrial and Atrioventricular Septation. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2020; 7:jcdd7040050. [PMID: 33158164 PMCID: PMC7712865 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd7040050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this publication, dedicated to Professor Robert H. Anderson and his contributions to the field of cardiac development, anatomy, and congenital heart disease, we will review some of our earlier collaborative studies. The focus of this paper is on our work on the development of the atrioventricular mesenchymal complex, studies in which Professor Anderson has played a significant role. We will revisit a number of events relevant to atrial and atrioventricular septation and present new data on the development of the mesenchymal cap of the atrial septum, a component of the atrioventricular mesenchymal complex which, thus far, has received only moderate attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Deepe
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (R.D.); (E.F.); (R.W.); (J.D.); (K.D.G.)
| | - Emily Fitzgerald
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (R.D.); (E.F.); (R.W.); (J.D.); (K.D.G.)
| | - Renélyn Wolters
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (R.D.); (E.F.); (R.W.); (J.D.); (K.D.G.)
| | - Jenna Drummond
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (R.D.); (E.F.); (R.W.); (J.D.); (K.D.G.)
| | - Karen De Guzman
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (R.D.); (E.F.); (R.W.); (J.D.); (K.D.G.)
| | - Maurice J.B. van den Hoff
- Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, Department of Medical Biology, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Andy Wessels
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (R.D.); (E.F.); (R.W.); (J.D.); (K.D.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-843-792-8183
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59
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Lai G, Wang L, Li Z, Zhao Y. Homocysteine downregulates cardiac homeobox transcription factor NKX2.5 via IGFBP5. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H1380-H1386. [PMID: 33035436 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00347.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor of congenital heart disease (CHD), but its exact underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, we collected amniotic fluid (AF) supernatant samples from pregnant women carrying CHD-affected (n = 16) or normal (n = 16) fetuses. We found that Hcy concentrations were higher in the AF of the CHD group when compared with normal pregnancies. Also, Western blot showed that NK2 homeobox 5 (NKX2.5) was decreased and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) was increased in the AF of the CHD group. In the H9C2 cell culture experiment, 500 μmol/L Hcy downregulated NKX2.5 and upregulated IGFBP5. Real-time PCR and Western blot showed that NKX2.5 expression was reduced in H9C2 cells treated with IGFBP5. Luciferase reporter gene demonstrated that IGFBP5 decreased the transcription of the NKX2.5 promoter. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assay suggested that IGFBP5 binds to the NKX2.5 promoter region. Thus, the data indicated that one of the possible mechanisms by which Hcy is involved in CHD may be that Hcy inhibits NKX2.5 expression partly through IGFBP5.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We found that Hcy and IGFBP5 were increased, whereas NKX2.5 was decreased, in AF of CHD. Meanwhile, Hcy could upregulate IGFBP5 but downregulate NKX2.5, and IGFBP5 inhibited NKX2.5 expression in vitro. Moreover, IGFBP5 can bind to the NKX2.5 promoter region and reduce NKX2.5 transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangrui Lai
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Leitong Wang
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Department of Reproductive Laboratory, Shenyang Jinghua Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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60
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Stefanovic S, Laforest B, Desvignes JP, Lescroart F, Argiro L, Maurel-Zaffran C, Salgado D, Plaindoux E, De Bono C, Pazur K, Théveniau-Ruissy M, Béroud C, Puceat M, Gavalas A, Kelly RG, Zaffran S. Hox-dependent coordination of mouse cardiac progenitor cell patterning and differentiation. eLife 2020; 9:55124. [PMID: 32804075 PMCID: PMC7462617 DOI: 10.7554/elife.55124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Perturbation of addition of second heart field (SHF) cardiac progenitor cells to the poles of the heart tube results in congenital heart defects (CHD). The transcriptional programs and upstream regulatory events operating in different subpopulations of the SHF remain unclear. Here, we profile the transcriptome and chromatin accessibility of anterior and posterior SHF sub-populations at genome-wide levels and demonstrate that Hoxb1 negatively regulates differentiation in the posterior SHF. Spatial mis-expression of Hoxb1 in the anterior SHF results in hypoplastic right ventricle. Activation of Hoxb1 in embryonic stem cells arrests cardiac differentiation, whereas Hoxb1-deficient mouse embryos display premature cardiac differentiation. Moreover, ectopic differentiation in the posterior SHF of embryos lacking both Hoxb1 and its paralog Hoxa1 results in atrioventricular septal defects. Our results show that Hoxb1 plays a key role in patterning cardiac progenitor cells that contribute to both cardiac poles and provide new insights into the pathogenesis of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Stefanovic
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France
| | - Brigitte Laforest
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France
| | | | - Fabienne Lescroart
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Argiro
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France
| | | | - David Salgado
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France
| | - Elise Plaindoux
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France
| | | | - Kristijan Pazur
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustave Carus of TU Dresden, Helmoholtz Zentrum München, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Magali Théveniau-Ruissy
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS UMR7288, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Béroud
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Puceat
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France
| | - Anthony Gavalas
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustave Carus of TU Dresden, Helmoholtz Zentrum München, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert G Kelly
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS UMR7288, IBDM, Marseille, France
| | - Stephane Zaffran
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France
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Chu L, Yin H, Gao L, Gao L, Xia Y, Zhang C, Chen Y, Liu T, Huang J, Boheler KR, Zhou Y, Yang HT. Cardiac Na +-Ca 2+ exchanger 1 (ncx1h) is critical for the ventricular cardiomyocyte formation via regulating the expression levels of gata4 and hand2 in zebrafish. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 64:255-268. [PMID: 32648190 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1706-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ signaling is critical for heart development; however, the precise roles and regulatory pathways of Ca2+ transport proteins in cardiogenesis remain largely unknown. Sodium-calcium exchanger 1 (Ncx1) is responsible for Ca2+ efflux in cardiomyocytes. It is involved in cardiogenesis, while the mechanism is unclear. Here, using the forward genetic screening in zebrafish, we identified a novel mutation at a highly-conserved leucine residue in ncx1 gene (mutantLDD353/ncx1hL154P) that led to smaller hearts with reduced heart rate and weak contraction. Mechanistically, the number of ventricular but not atrial cardiomyocytes was reduced in ncx1hL154P zebrafish. These defects were mimicked by knockdown or knockout of ncx1h. Moreover, ncx1hL154P had cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca2+ overloading and Ca2+ transient suppression in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, ncx1hL154P and ncx1h morphants downregulated cardiac transcription factors hand2 and gata4 in the cardiac regions, while overexpression of hand2 and gata4 partially rescued cardiac defects including the number of ventricular myocytes. These findings demonstrate an essential role of the novel 154th leucine residue in the maintenance of Ncx1 function in zebrafish, and reveal previous unrecognized critical roles of the 154th leucine residue and Ncx1 in the formation of ventricular cardiomyocytes by at least partially regulating the expression levels of gata4 and hand2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Chu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology and Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Huimin Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology and Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Lei Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology and Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yu Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology and Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chiyuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology and Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Tingxi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology and Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jijun Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology and Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Kenneth R Boheler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Yong Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology and Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Huang-Tian Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology and Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), CAS, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China.
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62
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Liu XM, Du SL, Miao R, Wang LF, Zhong JC. Targeting the forkhead box protein P1 pathway as a novel therapeutic approach for cardiovascular diseases. Heart Fail Rev 2020; 27:345-355. [PMID: 32648149 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-020-09992-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and encompasses diverse diseases of the vasculature, myocardium, cardiac electrical circuit, and cardiac development. Forkhead box protein P1 (Foxp1) is a large multi-domain transcriptional regulator belonging to the Fox family with winged helix DNA-binding protein, which plays critical roles in cardiovascular homeostasis and disorders. The broad distribution of Foxp1 and alternative splicing isoforms implicate its distinct functions in diverse cardiac and vascular cells and tissue types. Foxp1 is essential for diverse biological processes and has been shown to regulate cellular proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, fibrosis, angiogenesis, cardiovascular remodeling, and dysfunction. Notably, both loss-of-function and gain-of-function approaches have defined critical roles of Foxp1 in CVD. Genetic deletion of Foxp1 results in pathological cardiac remodeling, exacerbation of atherosclerotic lesion formation, prolonged occlusive thrombus formation, severe cardiac defects, and embryo death. In contrast, activation of Foxp1 performs a wide range of physiological effects, including cell growth, hypertrophy, differentiation, angiogenesis, and cardiac development. More importantly, Foxp1 exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects in controlling coronary thrombus formation and myocardial infarction (MI). Thus, targeting for Foxp1 signaling has emerged as a pre-warning biomarker and a novel therapeutic approach against progression of CVD, and an increased understanding of cardiovascular actions of the Foxp1 signaling will help to develop effective interventions. In this review, we focus on the diverse actions and underlying mechanisms of Foxp1 highlighting its roles in CVD, including heart failure, MI, atherosclerosis, congenital heart defects, and atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ming Liu
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Sheng-Li Du
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Ran Miao
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Le-Feng Wang
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Jiu-Chang Zhong
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China. .,Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
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63
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Clark CD, Lee KH. Second heart field-specific expression of Nkx2-5 requires promoter proximal interaction with Srf. Mech Dev 2020; 162:103615. [PMID: 32450132 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2020.103615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The cardiac homeobox transcription factor Nkx2-5 is a major determinant of cardiac identity and cardiac morphogenesis. Nkx2-5 operates as part of a complex and mutually reinforcing network of early transcription factors of the homeobox, GATA zinc finger and MADS domain families to initiate the program of cardiac development and differentiation, particularly in outflow tract precursor cells in the second heart field (SHF). We have now found evidence for another aspect of cardiac transcription factor cooperativity between Nkx2-5 and the cardiac enriched MADS domain transcription factor Srf. Specifically, Srf interaction with an evolutionarily conserved binding site in the Nkx2-5 CpG island-like proximal promoter is required for cardiac specific expression mediated by an SHF enhancer, and for combinatorial activation of these elements by cardiac transcription factors. These results provide further insight into cooperative gene regulation during cardiogenesis at the level of promoter-enhancer interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Clark
- Department of Pediatrics, Darby Children's Research Institute and Shawn Jenkins Children's Hospital, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Kyu-Ho Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Darby Children's Research Institute and Shawn Jenkins Children's Hospital, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America; Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology Department, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America.
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64
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Zhao M, Diao J, Huang P, Li J, Li Y, Yang Y, Luo L, Zhang S, Chen L, Wang T, Zhu P, Qin J. Association of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus and Polymorphisms of the NKX2.5 Gene in Children with Congenital Heart Disease: A Single Centre-Based Case-Control Study. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:3854630. [PMID: 33062711 PMCID: PMC7533784 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3854630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common birth defects among newborns, accounting for a large proportion of infant mortality worldwide. However, the mechanisms remain largely undefinable. This study aimed to investigate the association of CHD in offspring of mothers with diabetes mellitus (DM) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of NKX2.5. METHODS AND RESULTS A case-control study of 620 mothers of CHD patients and 620 mothers of healthy children admitted to Hunan Children's Hospital from November 2017 to December 2019 was conducted. We collected the mothers' information by questionnaire and detected children's NKX2.5 variants with a MassARRAY system. The interaction coefficient (γ) was used to quantify the estimated gene-environment interactions. Univariate and multivariate analyses both showed that the infants had a higher risk of CHD if their mothers had a history of DM, including gestational DM (GDM) during this pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR = 4.98]), GDM in previous pregnancies (aOR = 4.30), and pregestational DM (PGDM) in the 3 months before this pregnancy (aOR = 6.78). Polymorphisms of the NKX2.5 gene at rs11802669 (C/C vs. T/T: aOR = 4.97; C/T vs. T/T: aOR = 2.15) and rs2277923 (T/T vs. C/C, aOR = 1.74; T/C vs. C/C, aOR = 1.61) were significantly associated with the risk of CHD in offspring. In addition, significant interactions between maternal DM and NKX2.5 genetic variants at rs11802669 (aOR = 8.12) and rs2277923 (aOR = 17.72) affecting the development of CHD were found. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that maternal DM, NKX2.5 genetic variants, and their interactions are significantly associated with the risk of CHD in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingyi Diao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinqi Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yihuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liu Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Senmao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Letao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiabi Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Birth Defect Research and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan, China
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65
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The role of cardiac transcription factor NKX2-5 in regulating the human cardiac miRNAome. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15928. [PMID: 31685864 PMCID: PMC6828809 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52280-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are translational regulatory molecules with recognised roles in heart development and disease. Therefore, it is important to define the human miRNA expression profile in cardiac progenitors and early-differentiated cardiomyocytes and to determine whether critical cardiac transcription factors such as NKX2-5 regulate miRNA expression. We used an NKX2-5eGFP/w reporter line to isolate both cardiac committed mesoderm and cardiomyocytes. We identified 11 miRNAs that were differentially expressed in NKX2-5 -expressing cardiac mesoderm compared to non-cardiac mesoderm. Subsequent profiling revealed that the canonical myogenic miRNAs including MIR1-1, MIR133A1 and MIR208A were enriched in cardiomyocytes. Strikingly, deletion of NKX2-5 did not result in gross changes in the cardiac miRNA profile, either at committed mesoderm or cardiomyocyte stages. Thus, in early human cardiomyocyte commitment and differentiation, the cardiac myogenic miRNA program is predominantly regulated independently of the highly conserved NKX2-5 -dependant gene regulatory network.
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66
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Conway SJ, McConnell R, Simmons O, Snider PL. Armadillo-like helical domain containing-4 is dynamically expressed in both the first and second heart fields. Gene Expr Patterns 2019; 34:119077. [PMID: 31655130 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2019.119077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Armadillo repeat and Armadillo-like helical domain containing proteins form a large family with diverse and fundamental functions in many eukaryotes. Herein we investigated the spatiotemporal expression pattern of Armadillo-like helical domain containing 4 (or Armh4) as an uncharacterized protein coding mouse gene, within the mouse embryo during the initial stages of heart morphogenesis. We found Armh4 is initially expressed in both first heart field as well as the second heart field progenitors and subsequently within predominantly their cardiomyocyte derivatives. Armh4 expression is initially cardiac-restricted in the developing embryo and is expressed in second heart field subpharyngeal mesoderm prior to cardiomyocyte differentiation, but Armh4 diminishes as the embryonic heart matures into the fetal heart. Armh4 is subsequently expressed in craniofacial structures and neural crest-derived dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia. Whereas lithium chloride-induced stimulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling elevated Armh4 expression in both second heart field subpharyngeal mesodermal progenitors and outflow tract, right ventricle and atrial cardiomyocytes, neither a systemic loss of Islet-1 nor an absence of cardiac neural crest cells had any effect upon Armh4 expression. These results confirm that Wnt/β-catenin-responsive Armh4 is a useful specific biomarker of the FHF and SHF cardiomyocyte derivatives only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Reagan McConnell
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Olga Simmons
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Paige L Snider
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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67
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Benaglio P, D'Antonio-Chronowska A, Ma W, Yang F, Young Greenwald WW, Donovan MKR, DeBoever C, Li H, Drees F, Singhal S, Matsui H, van Setten J, Sotoodehnia N, Gaulton KJ, Smith EN, D'Antonio M, Rosenfeld MG, Frazer KA. Allele-specific NKX2-5 binding underlies multiple genetic associations with human electrocardiographic traits. Nat Genet 2019; 51:1506-1517. [PMID: 31570892 PMCID: PMC6858543 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0499-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The cardiac transcription factor (TF) gene NKX2-5 has been associated with electrocardiographic (EKG) traits through genome-wide association studies (GWASs), but the extent to which differential binding of NKX2-5 at common regulatory variants contributes to these traits has not yet been studied. We analyzed transcriptomic and epigenomic data from induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes from seven related individuals, and identified ~2,000 single-nucleotide variants associated with allele-specific effects (ASE-SNVs) on NKX2-5 binding. NKX2-5 ASE-SNVs were enriched for altered TF motifs, for heart-specific expression quantitative trait loci and for EKG GWAS signals. Using fine-mapping combined with epigenomic data from induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, we prioritized candidate causal variants for EKG traits, many of which were NKX2-5 ASE-SNVs. Experimentally characterizing two NKX2-5 ASE-SNVs (rs3807989 and rs590041) showed that they modulate the expression of target genes via differential protein binding in cardiac cells, indicating that they are functional variants underlying EKG GWAS signals. Our results show that differential NKX2-5 binding at numerous regulatory variants across the genome contributes to EKG phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Benaglio
- Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital, Division of Genome Information Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Wubin Ma
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Feng Yang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Margaret K R Donovan
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christopher DeBoever
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - He Li
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Frauke Drees
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sanghamitra Singhal
- Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital, Division of Genome Information Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hiroko Matsui
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jessica van Setten
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kyle J Gaulton
- Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital, Division of Genome Information Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Erin N Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital, Division of Genome Information Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matteo D'Antonio
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael G Rosenfeld
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Kelly A Frazer
- Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital, Division of Genome Information Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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68
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Abstract
The function of the mammalian heart depends on the interplay between different cardiac cell types. The deployment of these cells, with precise spatiotemporal regulation, is also important during development to establish the heart structure. In this Review, we discuss the diverse origins of cardiac cell types and the lineage relationships between cells of a given type that contribute to different parts of the heart. The emerging lineage tree shows the progression of cell fate diversification, with patterning cues preceding cell type segregation, as well as points of convergence, with overlapping lineages contributing to a given tissue. Several cell lineage markers have been identified. However, caution is required with genetic-tracing experiments in comparison with clonal analyses. Genetic studies on cell populations provided insights into the mechanisms for lineage decisions. In the past 3 years, results of single-cell transcriptomics are beginning to reveal cell heterogeneity and early developmental trajectories. Equating this information with the in vivo location of cells and their lineage history is a current challenge. Characterization of the progenitor cells that form the heart and of the gene regulatory networks that control their deployment is of major importance for understanding the origin of congenital heart malformations and for producing cardiac tissue for use in regenerative medicine.
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69
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Epigenetics and Mechanobiology in Heart Development and Congenital Heart Disease. Diseases 2019; 7:diseases7030052. [PMID: 31480510 PMCID: PMC6787645 DOI: 10.3390/diseases7030052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect worldwide and the number one killer of live-born infants in the United States. Heart development occurs early in embryogenesis and involves complex interactions between multiple cell populations, limiting the understanding and consequent treatment of CHD. Furthermore, genome sequencing has largely failed to predict or yield therapeutics for CHD. In addition to the underlying genome, epigenetics and mechanobiology both drive heart development. A growing body of evidence implicates the aberrant regulation of these two extra-genomic systems in the pathogenesis of CHD. In this review, we describe the stages of human heart development and the heart defects known to manifest at each stage. Next, we discuss the distinct and overlapping roles of epigenetics and mechanobiology in normal development and in the pathogenesis of CHD. Finally, we highlight recent advances in the identification of novel epigenetic biomarkers and environmental risk factors that may be useful for improved diagnosis and further elucidation of CHD etiology.
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70
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Genetic evolution and codon usage analysis of NKX-2.5 gene governing heart development in some mammals. Genomics 2019; 112:1319-1329. [PMID: 31377427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
NKX-2.5 gene is responsible for cardiac development and its targeted disruption apprehends cardiac development at the linear heart tube stage. Bioinformatic analysis was employed to investigate the codon usage pattern and dN/dS of mammalian NKX-2.5 gene. The relative synonymous codon usage analysis revealed variation in codon usage and two synonymous codons namely ATA (Ile) and GTA (Val) were absent in NKX-2.5 gene across selected mammalian species suggesting that these two codons were possibly selected against during evolution. Parity rule 2 analysis of two and four fold amino acids showed CT bias whereas six-fold amino acids revealed GA bias. Neutrality analysis suggests that selection played a prominent role while mutation had a minor role. The dN/dS analysis suggests synonymous substitution played a significant role and it negatively correlated with p-distance of the gene. Purifying natural selection played a dominant role in the genetic evolution of NKX-2.5 gene in mammals.
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71
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Identification of Cardiomyocyte-Fated Progenitors from Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Marked with CD82. Cell Rep 2019; 22:546-556. [PMID: 29320747 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we find that human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocyte (CM)-fated progenitors (CFPs) that express a tetraspanin family glycoprotein, CD82, almost exclusively differentiate into CMs both in vitro and in vivo. CD82 is transiently expressed in late-stage mesoderm cells during hiPSC differentiation. Purified CD82+ cells gave rise to CMs under nonspecific in vitro culture conditions with serum, as well as in vivo after transplantation to the subrenal space or injured hearts in mice, indicating that CD82 successfully marks CFPs. CD82 overexpression in mesoderm cells as well as in undifferentiated hiPSCs increased the secretion of exosomes containing β-catenin and reduced nuclear β-catenin protein, suggesting that CD82 is involved in fated restriction to CMs through Wnt signaling inhibition. This study may contribute to the understanding of CM differentiation mechanisms and to cardiac regeneration strategies.
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72
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Xiong H, Luo Y, Yue Y, Zhang J, Ai S, Li X, Wang X, Zhang YL, Wei Y, Li HH, Hu X, Li C, He A. Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals Chemotaxis-Mediated Intraorgan Crosstalk During Cardiogenesis. Circ Res 2019; 125:398-410. [PMID: 31221018 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE We hypothesized that the differentiation processes of cardiac progenitor cell (CP) from first and second heart fields (FHF and SHF) may undergo the unique instructive gene regulatory networks or signaling pathways, and the precise SHF progression is contingent on the FHF signaling developmental cues. OBJECTIVE We investigated how the intraorgan communications control sequential building of discrete anatomic regions of the heart at single-cell resolution. METHODS AND RESULTS By single-cell transcriptomic analysis of Nkx2-5 (NK2 homeobox 5) and Isl1 (ISL LIM homeobox 1) lineages at embryonic day 7.75, embryonic day 8.25, embryonic day 8.75, and embryonic day 9.25, we present a panoramic view of distinct CP differentiation hierarchies. Computational identifications of FHF- and SHF-CP descendants revealed that SHF differentiation toward cardiomyocytes underwent numerous step-like transitions, whereas earlier FHF progressed toward cardiomyocytes in a wave-like manner. Importantly, single-cell pairing analysis demonstrated that SHF-CPs were attracted to and expanded FHF-populated heart tube region through interlineage communications mediated by the chemotactic guidance (MIF [macrophage migration inhibitory factor]-CXCR2 [C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2]). This finding was verified by pharmacological blockade of this chemotaxis in embryos manifesting limited SHF cell migration and contribution to the growth of the outflow tract and right ventricle but undetectable effects on the left ventricle or heart tube initiation. Genetic loss-of-function assay of Cxcr2 showed that the expression domain of CXCR4 was expanded predominantly at SHF. Furthermore, double knockout of Cxcr2/Cxcr4 exhibited defective SHF development, corroborating the redundant function. Mechanistically, NKX2-5 directly bound the Cxcr2 and Cxcr4 genomic loci and activated their transcription in SHF. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, we propose a model in which the chemotaxis-mediated intraorgan crosstalk spatiotemporally guides the successive process of positioning SHF-CP and promoting primary heart expansion and patterning upon FHF-derived heart tube initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Xiong
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine (H.X., Y.L., Y.Y., J.Z., S.A., X.L., X.W., X.H., A.H.), Peking University, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences (H.X., Y.L., A.H.), Peking University, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies (H.X., Y.L.), Peking University, China
| | - Yingjie Luo
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine (H.X., Y.L., Y.Y., J.Z., S.A., X.L., X.W., X.H., A.H.), Peking University, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences (H.X., Y.L., A.H.), Peking University, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies (H.X., Y.L.), Peking University, China
| | - Yanzhu Yue
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine (H.X., Y.L., Y.Y., J.Z., S.A., X.L., X.W., X.H., A.H.), Peking University, China
| | - Jiejie Zhang
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine (H.X., Y.L., Y.Y., J.Z., S.A., X.L., X.W., X.H., A.H.), Peking University, China
| | - Shanshan Ai
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine (H.X., Y.L., Y.Y., J.Z., S.A., X.L., X.W., X.H., A.H.), Peking University, China
| | - Xin Li
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine (H.X., Y.L., Y.Y., J.Z., S.A., X.L., X.W., X.H., A.H.), Peking University, China
| | - Xuelian Wang
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine (H.X., Y.L., Y.Y., J.Z., S.A., X.L., X.W., X.H., A.H.), Peking University, China
| | - Yun-Long Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, China (Y.-L.Z., H.-H.L.)
| | - Yusheng Wei
- School of Life Sciences (Y.W., C.L.), Peking University, China
| | - Hui-Hua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, China (Y.-L.Z., H.-H.L.)
| | - Xinli Hu
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine (H.X., Y.L., Y.Y., J.Z., S.A., X.L., X.W., X.H., A.H.), Peking University, China
| | - Cheng Li
- School of Life Sciences (Y.W., C.L.), Peking University, China.,Center for Statistical Science, Center for Bioinformatics (C.L.), Peking University, China
| | - Aibin He
- From the Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine (H.X., Y.L., Y.Y., J.Z., S.A., X.L., X.W., X.H., A.H.), Peking University, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences (H.X., Y.L., A.H.), Peking University, China
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73
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Abstract
The vertebrate heart tube forms from epithelial progenitor cells in the early embryo and subsequently elongates by progressive addition of second heart field (SHF) progenitor cells from adjacent splanchnic mesoderm. Failure to maximally elongate the heart results in a spectrum of morphological defects affecting the cardiac poles, including outflow tract alignment and atrioventricular septal defects, among the most common congenital birth anomalies. SHF cells constitute an atypical apicobasally polarized epithelium with dynamic basal filopodia, located in the dorsal wall of the pericardial cavity. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of epithelial architecture and cell adhesion in the SHF, particularly for signaling events that control the progenitor cell niche during heart tube elongation. The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome gene Tbx1 regulates progenitor cell status through modulating cell shape and filopodial activity and is required for SHF contributions to both cardiac poles. Noncanonical Wnt signaling and planar cell polarity pathway genes control epithelial polarity in the dorsal pericardial wall, as progenitor cells differentiate in a transition zone at the arterial pole. Defects in these pathways lead to outflow tract shortening. Moreover, new biomechanical models of heart tube elongation have been proposed based on analysis of tissue-wide forces driving epithelial morphogenesis in the SHF, including regional cell intercalation, cell cohesion, and epithelial tension. Regulation of the epithelial properties of SHF cells is thus emerging as a key step during heart tube elongation, adding a new facet to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying both heart morphogenesis and congenital heart defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Cortes
- From Aix-Marseille University, CNRS UMR 7288, Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille, France
| | - Alexandre Francou
- From Aix-Marseille University, CNRS UMR 7288, Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille, France
| | - Christopher De Bono
- From Aix-Marseille University, CNRS UMR 7288, Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille, France
| | - Robert G Kelly
- From Aix-Marseille University, CNRS UMR 7288, Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille, France.
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74
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Li Y, Lv Z, He L, Huang X, Zhang S, Zhao H, Pu W, Li Y, Yu W, Zhang L, Liu X, Liu K, Tang J, Tian X, Wang QD, Lui KO, Zhou B. Genetic Tracing Identifies Early Segregation of the Cardiomyocyte and Nonmyocyte Lineages. Circ Res 2019; 125:343-355. [PMID: 31185811 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The developing heart is composed of cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes since the early stage. It is generally believed that noncardiomyocytes including the cardiac progenitors contribute to new cardiomyocytes of the looping heart. However, it remains unclear what the cellular dynamics of nonmyocyte to cardiomyocyte conversion are and when the lineage segregation occurs during development. It also remains unknown whether nonmyocyte to cardiomyocyte conversion contributes to neonatal heart regeneration. OBJECTIVE We quantify the lineage conversion of noncardiomyocytes to cardiomyocytes in the embryonic and neonatal hearts and determine when the 2 cell lineages segregate during heart development. Moreover, we directly test if nonmyocyte to cardiomyocyte conversion contributes to neonatal heart regeneration. METHODS AND RESULTS We generated a dual genetic lineage tracing strategy in which cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes of the developing heart could be simultaneously labeled by 2 orthogonal recombination systems. Genetic fate mapping showed that nonmyocyte to cardiomyocyte conversion peaks at E8.0 (embryonic day) to E8.5 and gradually declines at E9.5 and E10.5. Noncardiomyocytes do not generate any cardiomyocyte at and beyond E11.5 to E12.5. In the neonatal heart, noncardiomyocytes also do not contribute to any new cardiomyocyte in homeostasis or after injury. CONCLUSIONS Noncardiomyocytes contribute to new cardiomyocytes of the developing heart at early embryonic stage before E11.5. The noncardiomyocyte and cardiomyocyte lineage segregation occurs between E10.5 and E11.5, which is maintained afterward even during neonatal heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Yan Li, Z.L., L.H., X.H., S.Z., H.Z., W.P., Yi Li, W.Y., L.Z., X.L., K.L., J.T., B.Z.)
| | - Zan Lv
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Yan Li, Z.L., L.H., X.H., S.Z., H.Z., W.P., Yi Li, W.Y., L.Z., X.L., K.L., J.T., B.Z.)
| | - Lingjuan He
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Yan Li, Z.L., L.H., X.H., S.Z., H.Z., W.P., Yi Li, W.Y., L.Z., X.L., K.L., J.T., B.Z.)
| | - Xiuzhen Huang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Yan Li, Z.L., L.H., X.H., S.Z., H.Z., W.P., Yi Li, W.Y., L.Z., X.L., K.L., J.T., B.Z.)
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Yan Li, Z.L., L.H., X.H., S.Z., H.Z., W.P., Yi Li, W.Y., L.Z., X.L., K.L., J.T., B.Z.)
| | - Huan Zhao
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Yan Li, Z.L., L.H., X.H., S.Z., H.Z., W.P., Yi Li, W.Y., L.Z., X.L., K.L., J.T., B.Z.)
| | - Wenjuan Pu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Yan Li, Z.L., L.H., X.H., S.Z., H.Z., W.P., Yi Li, W.Y., L.Z., X.L., K.L., J.T., B.Z.)
| | - Yi Li
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Yan Li, Z.L., L.H., X.H., S.Z., H.Z., W.P., Yi Li, W.Y., L.Z., X.L., K.L., J.T., B.Z.)
| | - Wei Yu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Yan Li, Z.L., L.H., X.H., S.Z., H.Z., W.P., Yi Li, W.Y., L.Z., X.L., K.L., J.T., B.Z.)
| | - Libo Zhang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Yan Li, Z.L., L.H., X.H., S.Z., H.Z., W.P., Yi Li, W.Y., L.Z., X.L., K.L., J.T., B.Z.)
| | - Xiuxiu Liu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Yan Li, Z.L., L.H., X.H., S.Z., H.Z., W.P., Yi Li, W.Y., L.Z., X.L., K.L., J.T., B.Z.)
| | - Kuo Liu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Yan Li, Z.L., L.H., X.H., S.Z., H.Z., W.P., Yi Li, W.Y., L.Z., X.L., K.L., J.T., B.Z.).,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, China (K.L., B.Z.)
| | - Juan Tang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Yan Li, Z.L., L.H., X.H., S.Z., H.Z., W.P., Yi Li, W.Y., L.Z., X.L., K.L., J.T., B.Z.)
| | - Xueying Tian
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (X.T., B.Z.)
| | - Qing-Dong Wang
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (Q.-D.W.)
| | - Kathy O Lui
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, China (K.O.L.)
| | - Bin Zhou
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Yan Li, Z.L., L.H., X.H., S.Z., H.Z., W.P., Yi Li, W.Y., L.Z., X.L., K.L., J.T., B.Z.).,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, China (K.L., B.Z.).,Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China (X.T., B.Z.).,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China (B.Z.).,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (B.Z.)
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75
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Saint-Jean L, Barkas N, Harmelink C, Tompkins KL, Oakey RJ, Baldwin HS. Myocardial differentiation is dependent upon endocardial signaling during early cardiogenesis in vitro. Development 2019; 146:dev.172619. [PMID: 31023876 DOI: 10.1242/dev.172619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The endocardium interacts with the myocardium to promote proliferation and morphogenesis during the later stages of heart development. However, the role of the endocardium in early cardiac ontogeny remains under-explored. Given the shared origin, subsequent juxtaposition, and essential cell-cell interactions of endocardial and myocardial cells throughout heart development, we hypothesized that paracrine signaling from the endocardium to the myocardium is crucial for initiating early differentiation of myocardial cells. To test this, we generated an in vitro, endocardial-specific ablation model using the diphtheria toxin receptor under the regulatory elements of the Nfat c1 genomic locus (NFATc1-DTR). Early treatment of NFATc1-DTR mouse embryoid bodies with diphtheria toxin efficiently ablated endocardial cells, which significantly attenuated the percentage of beating EBs in culture and expression of early and late myocardial differentiation markers. The addition of Bmp2 during endocardial ablation partially rescued myocyte differentiation, maturation and function. Therefore, we conclude that early stages of myocardial differentiation rely on endocardial paracrine signaling mediated in part by Bmp2. Our findings provide novel insight into early endocardial-myocardial interactions that can be explored to promote early myocardial development and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leshana Saint-Jean
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nikolaos Barkas
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Cristina Harmelink
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kevin L Tompkins
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rebecca J Oakey
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - H Scott Baldwin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA .,Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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76
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Chahal G, Tyagi S, Ramialison M. Navigating the non-coding genome in heart development and Congenital Heart Disease. Differentiation 2019; 107:11-23. [PMID: 31102825 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is characterised by a wide range of cardiac defects, from mild to life-threatening, which occur in babies worldwide. To date, there is no cure to CHD, however, progress in surgery has reduced its mortality allowing children affected by CHD to reach adulthood. In an effort to understand its genetic basis, several studies involving whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of patients with CHD have been undertaken and generated a great wealth of information. The majority of putative causative mutations identified in WGS studies fall into the non-coding part of the genome. Unfortunately, due to the lack of understanding of the function of these non-coding mutations, it is challenging to establish a causal link between the non-coding mutation and the disease. Thus, here we review the state-of-the-art approaches to interpret non-coding mutations in the context of CHD and address the following questions: What are the non-coding sequences important for cardiac function? Which technologies are used to identify them? Which resources are available to analyse them? What mutations are expected in these non-coding sequences? Learning from developmental process, what is their expected role in CHD?
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulrez Chahal
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute (ARMI), 15 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, 3800, VIC, Australia; Systems Biology Institute (SBI), Wellington Road, Clayton, 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Sonika Tyagi
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, 3800, VIC, Australia; Australian Genome Research Facility, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
| | - Mirana Ramialison
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute (ARMI), 15 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, 3800, VIC, Australia; Systems Biology Institute (SBI), Wellington Road, Clayton, 3800, VIC, Australia.
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77
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Shafaattalab S, Lin E, Christidi E, Huang H, Nartiss Y, Garcia A, Lee J, Protze S, Keller G, Brunham L, Tibbits GF, Laksman Z. Ibrutinib Displays Atrial-Specific Toxicity in Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:996-1006. [PMID: 31031187 PMCID: PMC6524928 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ibrutinib (IB) is an oral Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor that has demonstrated benefit in B cell cancers, but is associated with a dramatic increase in atrial fibrillation (AF). We employed cell-specific differentiation protocols and optical mapping to investigate the effects of IB and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) on the voltage and calcium transients of atrial and ventricular human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs). IB demonstrated direct cell-specific effects on atrial hPSC-CMs that would be predicted to predispose to AF. Second-generation BTK inhibitors did not have the same effect. Furthermore, IB exposure was associated with differential chamber-specific regulation of a number of regulatory pathways including the receptor tyrosine kinase pathway, which may be implicated in the pathogenesis of AF. Our study is the first to demonstrate cell-type-specific toxicity in hPSC-derived atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes, which reliably reproduces the clinical cardiotoxicity observed. hPSCs can be differentiated into atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes (CMs) Drug effects can be measured using optical mapping of voltage and calcium transients Ibrutinib demonstrates cell-specific toxicity on atrial hPSC-CMs Ibrutinib exposure is associated with chamber-specific effects on regulatory pathways
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Shafaattalab
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1A6, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Eric Lin
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1A6, Canada
| | - Effimia Christidi
- University of British Columbia, 170-6371 Crescent Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - Haojun Huang
- University of British Columbia, 170-6371 Crescent Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - Yulia Nartiss
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Analucia Garcia
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Jeehon Lee
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Stephanie Protze
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Gordon Keller
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Liam Brunham
- University of British Columbia, 170-6371 Crescent Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada
| | - Glen F Tibbits
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1A6, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Zachary Laksman
- Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1A6, Canada; University of British Columbia, 170-6371 Crescent Road, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada.
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78
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Foote AG, Wang Z, Kendziorski C, Thibeault SL. Tissue specific human fibroblast differential expression based on RNAsequencing analysis. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:308. [PMID: 31014251 PMCID: PMC6480701 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5682-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical forces, such as mechanical stress, are essential for tissue homeostasis and influence gene expression of cells. In particular, the fibroblast has demonstrated sensitivity to extracellular matrices with assumed adaptation upon various mechanical loads. The purpose of this study was to compare the vocal fold fibroblast genotype, known for its unique mechanically stressful tissue environment, with cellular counterparts at various other anatomic locales to identify differences in functional gene expression profiles. Results By using RNA-seq technology, we identified differentially expressed gene programs (DEseq2) among seven normal human fibroblast primary cell lines from healthy cadavers, which included: vocal fold, trachea, lung, abdomen, scalp, upper gingiva, and soft palate. Unsupervised gene expression analysis yielded 6216 genes differentially expressed across all anatomic sites. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed grouping based on anatomic site origin rather than donor, suggesting global fibroblast phenotype heterogeneity. Sex and age-related effects were negligible. Functional enrichment analyses based on separate post-hoc 2-group comparisons revealed several functional themes within the vocal fold fibroblast related to transcription factors for signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells and extracellular matrix components such as cell signaling, migration, proliferation, and differentiation potential. Conclusions Human fibroblasts display a phenomenon of global topographic differentiation, which is maintained in isolation via in vitro assays. Epigenetic mechanical influences on vocal fold tissue may play a role in uniquely modelling and maintaining the local environmental cellular niche during homeostasis with vocal fold fibroblasts distinctly specialized related to their anatomic positional and developmental origins established during embryogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5682-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Foote
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ziyue Wang
- Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, College of Letters and Science, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Christina Kendziorski
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Susan L Thibeault
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
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79
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Kaplan NA, Wang W, Christiaen L. Initial characterization of Wnt-Tcf functions during Ciona heart development. Dev Biol 2019; 448:199-209. [PMID: 30635127 PMCID: PMC6487219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In vertebrate embryos, the cardiopharyngeal mesoderm gives rise to both cardiac and branchiomeric head muscles. The canonical Wnt signaling pathway regulates many aspects of cardiomyocyte specification, and modulates a balance between skeletal and cardiac myogenesis during vertebrate head muscle development. However, the role of Wnt signaling during ascidian cardiopharyngeal development remains elusive. Here, we documented the expression of Wnt pathway components during cardiopharyngeal development in Ciona, and generated tools to investigate potential roles for Wnt signaling, and its transcriptional effector Tcf, on heart vs. pharyngeal muscle fate specification. Neither focused functional analyses nor lineage-specific transcriptome profiling uncovered a significant role for Tcf during early cardiac vs. pharyngeal muscle fate choice. By contrast, Wnt gene expression patterns of Frizzled4 and Lrp4/8 and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Tcf knock-down suggested a later requirement for Wnt signaling during heart morphogenesis and/or cardiomyocyte differentiation. This study provides a provisional set of reagents to study Wnt signaling function in Ciona, and promising insights for future analyses of Wnt functions during heart organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Kaplan
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lionel Christiaen
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
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80
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Wang H, Liu Y, Li Y, Wang W, Li L, Meng M, Xie Y, Zhang Y, Yunfeng Z, Han S, Zeng J, Hou Z, Jiang L. Analysis of NKX2-5 in 439 Chinese Patients with Sporadic Atrial Septal Defect. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:2756-2763. [PMID: 30982828 PMCID: PMC6481236 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The NKX2 gene family is made up of core transcription factors that are involved in the morphogenesis of the vertebrate heart. NKx2-5 plays a pivotal role in mouse cardiogenesis, and mutations in NKx2-5 result in an abnormal structure and function of the heart, including atrial septal defect and cardiac electrophysiological abnormalities. Material/Methods To investigate the genetic variation of NKX2-5 in Chinese patients with sporadic atrial septal defect, we sequenced the full length of the NKX2-5 gene in the participants of the study. Four hundred thirty-nine patients and 567 healthy unrelated individuals were recruited. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood leukocytes of the participants. DNA samples from the participants were amplified by multiplex PCR and sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq platform. Variations were detected by comparison with a standard reference genome and annotation with a variant effect predictor. Results Thirty variations were detected in Chinese patients with sporadic atrial septal defect, and 6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) had a frequency greater than 1%. Among the 30 variations, the SNPs rs2277923 and rs3729753 were extremely prominent, with a high frequency and odds ratio in patients. Conclusions Single nucleotide variations are the prominent genetic variations of NKX2-5 in Chinese patients with sporadic atrial septal defect. The SNPs rs2277923 and rs3729753 are prominent single nucleotide variations (SNVs) in Chinese patients with sporadic atrial septal defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshu Wang
- Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Yaxiong Li
- Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Wenju Wang
- Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Lin Li
- Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Mingyao Meng
- Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Yanhua Xie
- Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Yayong Zhang
- Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Zi Yunfeng
- Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Shen Han
- Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Jianying Zeng
- Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - ZongLiu Hou
- Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Lihong Jiang
- The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
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81
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Clapham KR, Singh I, Capuano IS, Rajagopal S, Chun HJ. MEF2 and the Right Ventricle: From Development to Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:29. [PMID: 30984767 PMCID: PMC6448530 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a progressive and ultimately life-limiting disease in which survival is closely linked to right ventricular function. The right ventricle remains relatively understudied, as it is known to have key developmental and structural differences from the left ventricle. Here, we will highlight what is known about the right ventricle in normal physiology and in the disease state of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Specifically, we will explore the role of the family of MEF2 (myocyte enhancer factor 2) transcription factors in right ventricular development, its response to increased afterload, and in the endothelial dysfunction that characterizes pulmonary arterial hypertension. Finally, we will turn to review potentially novel therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine R Clapham
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Inderjit Singh
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Isabella S Capuano
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Choate Rosemary Hall, Wallingford, CT, United States
| | - Sudarshan Rajagopal
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Hyung J Chun
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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82
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Dupays L, Towers N, Wood S, David A, Stuckey DJ, Mohun T. Furin, a transcriptional target of NKX2-5, has an essential role in heart development and function. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212992. [PMID: 30840660 PMCID: PMC6402701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The homeodomain transcription factor NKX2-5 is known to be essential for both normal heart development and for heart function. But little is yet known about the identities of its downstream effectors or their function during differentiation of cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs). We have used transgenic analysis and CRISPR-mediated ablation to identify a cardiac enhancer of the Furin gene. The Furin gene, encoding a proprotein convertase, is directly repressed by NKX2-5. Deletion of Furin in CPCs is embryonic lethal, with mutant hearts showing a range of abnormalities in the outflow tract. Those defects are associated with a reduction in proliferation and premature differentiation of the CPCs. Deletion of Furin in differentiated cardiomyocytes results in viable adult mutant mice showing an elongation of the PR interval, a phenotype that is consistent with the phenotype of mice and human mutant for Nkx2-5. Our results show that Furin mediate some aspects of Nkx2-5 function in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Dupays
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (LD); (TM)
| | - Norma Towers
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Wood
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna David
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel J. Stuckey
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Mohun
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (LD); (TM)
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83
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Moreau JLM, Kesteven S, Martin EMMA, Lau KS, Yam MX, O'Reilly VC, Del Monte-Nieto G, Baldini A, Feneley MP, Moon AM, Harvey RP, Sparrow DB, Chapman G, Dunwoodie SL. Gene-environment interaction impacts on heart development and embryo survival. Development 2019; 146:146/4/dev172957. [PMID: 30787001 DOI: 10.1242/dev.172957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect. In recent years, research has focussed on identifying the genetic causes of CHD. However, only a minority of CHD cases can be attributed to single gene mutations. In addition, studies have identified different environmental stressors that promote CHD, but the additive effect of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors is poorly understood. In this context, we have investigated the effects of short-term gestational hypoxia on mouse embryos genetically predisposed to heart defects. Exposure of mouse embryos heterozygous for Tbx1 or Fgfr1/Fgfr2 to hypoxia in utero increased the incidence and severity of heart defects while Nkx2-5+/- embryos died within 2 days of hypoxic exposure. We identified the molecular consequences of the interaction between Nkx2-5 and short-term gestational hypoxia, which suggest that reduced Nkx2-5 expression and a prolonged hypoxia-inducible factor 1α response together precipitate embryo death. Our study provides insight into the causes of embryo loss and variable penetrance of monogenic CHD, and raises the possibility that cases of foetal death and CHD in humans could be caused by similar gene-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie L M Moreau
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Scott Kesteven
- Cardiac Physiology and Transplantation Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Ella M M A Martin
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Kin S Lau
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Michelle X Yam
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Victoria C O'Reilly
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Gonzalo Del Monte-Nieto
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Antonio Baldini
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University Federico II, Naples, and Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Michael P Feneley
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,Cardiac Physiology and Transplantation Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,Cardiology Department, St. Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Anne M Moon
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Weis Center for Research, Geisinger Clinic, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Richard P Harvey
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2033, Australia
| | - Duncan B Sparrow
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Gavin Chapman
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Sally L Dunwoodie
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia .,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2033, Australia
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84
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Horton AJ, Brooker J, Streitfeld WS, Flessa ME, Pillai B, Simpson R, Clark CD, Gooz MB, Sutton KK, Foley AC, Lee KH. Nkx2-5 Second Heart Field Target Gene Ccdc117 Regulates DNA Metabolism and Proliferation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1738. [PMID: 30742009 PMCID: PMC6370788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiac transcription factor Nkx2-5 is essential for normal outflow tract (OFT) and right ventricle (RV) development. Nkx2-5-/- null mouse embryos display severe OFT and RV hypoplasia and a single ventricle phenotype due to decreased proliferation of Second Heart Field (SHF) cells, a pool of cardiac progenitors present in anterior pharyngeal arch mesoderm at mid-gestation. However, definition of the precise role of Nkx2-5 in facilitating SHF expansion is incomplete. We have found that Nkx2-5 positively and directly regulates a novel target gene, Ccdc117, in cells of the SHF at these stages. The nuclear/mitotic spindle associated protein Ccdc117 interacts with the MIP18/MMS19 cytoplasmic iron-sulfur (FeS) cluster assembly (CIA) complex, which transfers critical FeS clusters to several key enzymes with functions in DNA repair and replication. Loss of cellular Ccdc117 expression results in reduced proliferation rates associated with a delay at the G1-S transition, decreased rates of DNA synthesis, and unresolved DNA damage. These results implicate a novel role for Nkx2-5 in the regulation of cell cycle events in the developing heart, through Ccdc117's interaction with elements of the CIA pathway and the facilitation of DNA replication during SHF expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Horton
- Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - John Brooker
- Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - William S Streitfeld
- Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Meaghan E Flessa
- Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Balakrishnan Pillai
- Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Raychel Simpson
- Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Christopher D Clark
- Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Monika B Gooz
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Kimberly K Sutton
- Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Ann C Foley
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology Department, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University - MUSC, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Kyu-Ho Lee
- Departments of Pediatrics and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology Department, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University - MUSC, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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85
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Functional and structural studies of tolloid-like 1 mutants associated with atrial-septal defect 6. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20180270. [PMID: 30538173 PMCID: PMC6328869 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inactive mammalian tolloid-like 1 (tll1) and mutations detected in tolloid-like 1 (TLL1) have been linked to the lack of the heart septa formation in mice and to a similar human inborn condition called atrial-septal defect 6 (ASD6; OMIM 613087, formerly ASD II). Previously, we reported four point mutations in TLL1 found in approximately 20% of ASD6 patients. Three mutations in the coding sequence were M182L, V238A, and I629V. In this work, we present the effects of these mutations on TLL1 function. Three recombinant cDNA constructs carrying the mutations and one wild-type construct were prepared and then expressed in HT-1080 cells. Corresponding recombinant proteins were analyzed for their metalloendopeptidase activity using a native substrate, chordin. The results of these assays demonstrated that in comparison with the native TLL1, mutants cleaved chordin and procollagen I at significantly lower rates. CD analyses revealed significant structural differences between the higher order structure of wild-type and mutant variants. Moreover, biosensor-based assays of binding interactions between TLL1 variants and chordin demonstrated a significant decrease in the binding affinities of the mutated variants. The results from this work indicate that mutations detected in TLL1 of ASD6 patients altered its metalloendopeptidase activity, structure, and substrate-binding properties, thereby suggesting a possible pathomechanism of ASD6.
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86
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Moore-Morris T, van Vliet PP, Andelfinger G, Puceat M. Role of Epigenetics in Cardiac Development and Congenital Diseases. Physiol Rev 2019; 98:2453-2475. [PMID: 30156497 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00048.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart is the first organ to be functional in the fetus. Heart formation is a complex morphogenetic process regulated by both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are the most prominent congenital diseases. Genetics is not sufficient to explain these diseases or the impact of them on patients. Epigenetics is more and more emerging as a basis for cardiac malformations. This review brings the essential knowledge on cardiac biology of development. It further provides a broad background on epigenetics with a focus on three-dimensional conformation of chromatin. Then, we summarize the current knowledge of the impact of epigenetics on cardiac cell fate decision. We further provide an update on the epigenetic anomalies in the genesis of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Moore-Morris
- Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM UMR- 1251, Marseille , France ; Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec , Canada ; Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec , Canada ; and Laboratoire International Associé INSERM, Marseille France-CHU Ste Justine, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Piet van Vliet
- Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM UMR- 1251, Marseille , France ; Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec , Canada ; Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec , Canada ; and Laboratoire International Associé INSERM, Marseille France-CHU Ste Justine, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gregor Andelfinger
- Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM UMR- 1251, Marseille , France ; Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec , Canada ; Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec , Canada ; and Laboratoire International Associé INSERM, Marseille France-CHU Ste Justine, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michel Puceat
- Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM UMR- 1251, Marseille , France ; Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec , Canada ; Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec , Canada ; and Laboratoire International Associé INSERM, Marseille France-CHU Ste Justine, Quebec, Canada
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87
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Xia M, Luo W, Jin H, Yang Z. HAND2-mediated epithelial maintenance and integrity in cardiac outflow tract morphogenesis. Development 2019; 146:dev.177477. [PMID: 31201155 DOI: 10.1242/dev.177477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
During embryogenesis, epithelial organization is the prerequisite for organogenesis, in particular, for establishing the tubular structure. Recent studies provided hints about epithelial formation in early heart development, which has not been systemically explored. Here, we revealed a gradient of HAND2 protein in the cardiac progenitors in the anterior dorsal pericardial wall (aDPW) and adjacent transition zone (TZ) in the outflow tract (OFT). Deletion of Hand2 caused cell arrest and accumulation in the TZ leading to defective morphogenesis. While apicobasal cell polarity was unaffected, the key epithelial elements of adherens junction and cell-matrix adhesion were disrupted in the TZ of Hand2 mutant mice, indicating poorly formed epithelium. RNA-seq analysis revealed altered regulation of the contractile fiber and actin cytoskeleton, which affected cardiomyocyte differentiation. Furthermore, we have identified Stars as being transcriptionally controlled by HAND2. STARS facilitates actin polymerization that is essential for anchoring the adhesive molecules to create cell adhesion. Thus, we have uncovered a new function of HAND2 in mediating epithelial maintenance and integrity in OFT morphogenesis. Meanwhile, this study provides insights to understanding cardiac progenitor contribution to OFT development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Wen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Hengwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
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88
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Miksiunas R, Mobasheri A, Bironaite D. Homeobox Genes and Homeodomain Proteins: New Insights into Cardiac Development, Degeneration and Regeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1212:155-178. [PMID: 30945165 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of human death in the developing world. Extensive evidence indicates that various toxic environmental factors and unhealthy lifestyle choices contribute to the risk, incidence and severity of cardiovascular diseases. Alterations in the genetic level of myocardium affects normal heart development and initiates pathological processes leading to various types of cardiac diseases. Homeobox genes are a large and highly specialized family of closely related genes that direct the formation of body structure, including cardiac development. Homeobox genes encode homeodomain proteins that function as transcription factors with characteristic structures that allow them to bind to DNA, regulate gene expression and subsequently control the proper physiological function of cells, tissues and organs. Mutations in homeobox genes are rare and usually lethal with evident alterations in cardiac function at or soon after the birth. Our understanding of homeobox gene family expression and function has expanded significantly during the recent years. However, the involvement of homeobox genes in the development of human and animal cardiac tissue requires further investigation. The phenotype of human congenital heart defects unveils only some aspects of human heart development. Therefore, mouse models are often used to gain a better understanding of human heart function, pathology and regeneration. In this review, we have focused on the role of homeobox genes in the development and pathology of human heart as potential tools for the future development of targeted regenerative strategies for various heart malfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rokas Miksiunas
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Bironaite
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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89
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Desgrange A, Le Garrec JF, Meilhac SM. Left-right asymmetry in heart development and disease: forming the right loop. Development 2018; 145:145/22/dev162776. [PMID: 30467108 DOI: 10.1242/dev.162776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Extensive studies have shown how bilateral symmetry of the vertebrate embryo is broken during early development, resulting in a molecular left-right bias in the mesoderm. However, how this early asymmetry drives the asymmetric morphogenesis of visceral organs remains poorly understood. The heart provides a striking model of left-right asymmetric morphogenesis, undergoing rightward looping to shape an initially linear heart tube and align cardiac chambers. Importantly, abnormal left-right patterning is associated with severe congenital heart defects, as exemplified in heterotaxy syndrome. Here, we compare the mechanisms underlying the rightward looping of the heart tube in fish, chick and mouse embryos. We propose that heart looping is not only a question of direction, but also one of fine-tuning shape. This is discussed in the context of evolutionary and clinical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Desgrange
- Imagine-Institut Pasteur, Laboratory of Heart Morphogenesis, 75015 Paris, France.,INSERM UMR1163, Université Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Le Garrec
- Imagine-Institut Pasteur, Laboratory of Heart Morphogenesis, 75015 Paris, France.,INSERM UMR1163, Université Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sigolène M Meilhac
- Imagine-Institut Pasteur, Laboratory of Heart Morphogenesis, 75015 Paris, France .,INSERM UMR1163, Université Paris Descartes, 75015 Paris, France
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90
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Gibb N, Lazic S, Yuan X, Deshwar AR, Leslie M, Wilson MD, Scott IC. Hey2 regulates the size of the cardiac progenitor pool during vertebrate heart development. Development 2018; 145:dev.167510. [PMID: 30355727 DOI: 10.1242/dev.167510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A key event in heart development is the timely addition of cardiac progenitor cells, defects in which can lead to congenital heart defects. However, how the balance and proportion of progenitor proliferation versus addition to the heart is regulated remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that Hey2 functions to regulate the dynamics of cardiac progenitor addition to the zebrafish heart. We found that the previously noted increase in myocardial cell number found in the absence of Hey2 function was due to a pronounced expansion in the size of the cardiac progenitor pool. Expression analysis and lineage tracing of hey2-expressing cells showed that hey2 is active in cardiac progenitors. Hey2 acted to limit proliferation of cardiac progenitors, prior to heart tube formation. Use of a transplantation approach demonstrated a likely cell-autonomous (in cardiac progenitors) function for Hey2. Taken together, our data suggest a previously unappreciated role for Hey2 in controlling the proliferative capacity of cardiac progenitors, affecting the subsequent contribution of late-differentiating cardiac progenitors to the developing vertebrate heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Gibb
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Savo Lazic
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Xuefei Yuan
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ashish R Deshwar
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Meaghan Leslie
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Michael D Wilson
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ian C Scott
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada.,Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Centres of Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
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91
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Jia G, Preussner J, Chen X, Guenther S, Yuan X, Yekelchyk M, Kuenne C, Looso M, Zhou Y, Teichmann S, Braun T. Single cell RNA-seq and ATAC-seq analysis of cardiac progenitor cell transition states and lineage settlement. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4877. [PMID: 30451828 PMCID: PMC6242939 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07307-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation and segregation of cell lineages forming the heart have been studied extensively but the underlying gene regulatory networks and epigenetic changes driving cell fate transitions during early cardiogenesis are still only partially understood. Here, we comprehensively characterize mouse cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) marked by Nkx2-5 and Isl1 expression from E7.5 to E9.5 using single-cell RNA sequencing and transposase-accessible chromatin profiling (ATAC-seq). By leveraging on cell-to-cell transcriptome and chromatin accessibility heterogeneity, we identify different previously unknown cardiac subpopulations. Reconstruction of developmental trajectories reveal that multipotent Isl1+ CPC pass through an attractor state before separating into different developmental branches, whereas extended expression of Nkx2-5 commits CPC to an unidirectional cardiomyocyte fate. Furthermore, we show that CPC fate transitions are associated with distinct open chromatin states critically depending on Isl1 and Nkx2-5. Our data provide a model of transcriptional and epigenetic regulations during cardiac progenitor cell fate decisions at single-cell resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangshuai Jia
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Jens Preussner
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, 60596, Germany
| | - Xi Chen
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Stefan Guenther
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, 60596, Germany
| | - Xuejun Yuan
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, 60596, Germany
| | - Michail Yekelchyk
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, 60596, Germany
| | - Carsten Kuenne
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, 60596, Germany
| | - Mario Looso
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, 60596, Germany
| | - Yonggang Zhou
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Sarah Teichmann
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
- EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
- Theory of Condensed Matter, Cavendish Laboratory, 19 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, 60596, Germany.
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92
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Wu R, Xue P, Wan Y, Wang S, Gu M. LncRNA-uc.40 silence promotes P19 embryonic cells differentiation to cardiomyocyte via the PBX1 gene. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:600-609. [PMID: 30112697 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-018-0284-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Uc.40 is a long noncoding RNA that is highly conserved among different species, although its function is unknown. It is highly expressed in abnormal human embryonic heart. We previously reported that overexpression of uc.40 promoted apoptosis and inhibited proliferation of P19 cells, and downregulated PBX1, which was identified as a potential target gene of uc.40. The current study evaluated the effects of uc40-siRNA-44 (siRNA against uc.40) on the differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function in P19 cells, and investigated the relationship between uc.40 and PBX1 in cardiomyocytes. The uc.40 silencing expression was confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Observation of morphological changes in transfected P19 cells during different stages of differentiation revealed that uc40-siRNA-44 increased the number of cardiomyocyes. There was no significant difference in the morphology or time of differentiation between the uc40-siRNA-44 group and the control group. uc40-siRNA-44 significantly promoted proliferation of P19 cells and inhibited serum starvation-induced apoptosis. There was no significant difference in mitochondrial DNA copy number or cellular ATP level between the two groups, and ROS levels were significantly decreased in uc40-siRNA-44-transfected cells. The levels of PBX1 and myocardial markers of differentiation were examined in transfected P19 cells; uc40-siRNA-44 downregulated myocardial markers and upregulated PBX1 expression. These results suggest that uc.40 may play an important role during the differentiation of P19 cells by regulation of PBX1 to promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis. These studies provide a foundation for further study of uc.40/PBX1 in cardiac development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongqiang Wu
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Peng Xue
- Department of Pediatrics, Changzhou Children's Hospital, Nantong Medical University, Nantong City, China
| | - Yu Wan
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Shizhong Wang
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213003, China.
| | - Meng Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, Changzhou Children's Hospital, Nantong Medical University, Nantong City, China.
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93
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Precardiac organoids form two heart fields via Bmp/Wnt signaling. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3140. [PMID: 30087351 PMCID: PMC6081372 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05604-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the first heart field (FHF) and the second heart field (SHF) led us to understand how cardiac lineages and structures arise during development. However, it remains unknown how they are specified. Here, we generate precardiac spheroids with pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) harboring GFP/RFP reporters under the control of FHF/SHF markers, respectively. GFP+ cells and RFP+ cells appear from two distinct areas and develop in a complementary fashion. Transcriptome analysis shows a high degree of similarities with embryonic FHF/SHF cells. Bmp and Wnt are among the most differentially regulated pathways, and gain- and loss-of-function studies reveal that Bmp specifies GFP+ cells and RFP+ cells via the Bmp/Smad pathway and Wnt signaling, respectively. FHF/SHF cells can be isolated without reporters by the surface protein Cxcr4. This study provides novel insights into understanding the specification of two cardiac origins, which can be leveraged for PSC-based modeling of heart field/chamber-specific disease. The heart arises from distinct progenitor cells of both the first and second heart fields (FHF and SHF). Here, the authors generated precardiac organoids from mouse and human pluripotent cells and show that FHF and SHF cells form similarly to their in vivo counterparts in response to BMP and Wnt signalling, respectively.
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94
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Pinard A, Eudes N, Mitchell J, Bajolle F, Grelet M, Okoronkwo J, Bonnet D, Collod-Béroud G, Zaffran S. Analysis of HOXB1 gene in a cohort of patients with sporadic ventricular septal defect. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:1507-1513. [PMID: 29923154 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ventricular septal defect (VSD) including outlet VSD of double outlet right ventricle (DORV) and perimembranous VSD are among the most common congenital heart diseases found at birth. HOXB1 encodes a homeodomain transcription factor essential for normal cardiac outflow tract development. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible genetic effect of sequence variations in HOXB1 on VSD. The coding regions and splice junctions of the HOXB1 gene were sequenced in 57 unrelated VSD patients. As a result, a homozygous c.74_82dup (p.Pro28delinsHisSerAlaPro) variant was identified in one individual with DORV. We also identified five previously reported polymorphisms (rs35114525, rs12946855, rs14534040, rs12939811, and rs7207109) in 18 patients (12 DORV and 6 perimembranous VSD). Our study did not show any pathogenic alterations in the coding region of HOXB1 among patients with VSD. To our knowledge this is the first study investigating the role of HOXB1 in nonsyndromic VSD, which provide more insight on the etiology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Pinard
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM U1251, MMG, Marseille, France.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nathalie Eudes
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM U1251, MMG, Marseille, France
| | - Julia Mitchell
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM U1251, MMG, Marseille, France.,Service de Chirurgie des Cardiopathies Congénitales, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, Avenue du Doyen Lépine, 69394, Lyon, France
| | - Fanny Bajolle
- Centre de Référence Malformations Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes (M3C), Unité Médico-Chirurgicale de Cardiologie Congénitale et Pédiatrique, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Maude Grelet
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM U1251, MMG, Marseille, France
| | - Joséphine Okoronkwo
- Centre de Référence Malformations Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes (M3C), Unité Médico-Chirurgicale de Cardiologie Congénitale et Pédiatrique, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Damien Bonnet
- Centre de Référence Malformations Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes (M3C), Unité Médico-Chirurgicale de Cardiologie Congénitale et Pédiatrique, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Stéphane Zaffran
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM U1251, MMG, Marseille, France. .,Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM U1251, Marseille Medical Genetics, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
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95
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Khatami M, Mazidi M, Taher S, Heidari MM, Hadadzadeh M. Novel Point Mutations in the NKX2.5 Gene in Pediatric Patients with Non-Familial Congenital Heart Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 54:medicina54030046. [PMID: 30344277 PMCID: PMC6122093 DOI: 10.3390/medicina54030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background and objective: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth abnormality in the structure or function of the heart that affects approximately 1% of all newborns. Despite its prevalence and clinical importance, the etiology of CHD remains mainly unknown. Somatic and germline mutations in cardiac specific transcription factor genes have been identified as the factors responsible for various forms of CHD, particularly ventricular septal defects (VSDs), tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), and atrial septal defects (ASDs). p. NKX2.5 is a homeodomain protein that controls many of the physiological processes in cardiac development including specification and proliferation of cardiac precursors. The aim of our study was to evaluate the NKX2.5 gene mutations in sporadic pediatric patients with clinical diagnosis of congenital heart malformations. Materials and methods: In this study, we investigated mutations of the NKX2.5 gene’s coding region in 105 Iranian pediatric patients with non-familial CHD by polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and direct sequencing. Results: We observed a total of four mutations, of which, two were novel DNA sequence variants in the coding region of exon 1 (c. 95 A > T and c. 93 A > T) and two others were previously reported as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely rs72554028 (c. 2357 G > A) and rs3729753 (c. 606 G > C) in exon 2. Further, observed mutations are completely absent in normal healthy individuals (n = 92). Conclusion: These results suggest that NKX2.5 mutations are highly rare in CHD patients. However, in silico analysis proves that c.95 A > T missense mutation in NKX2.5 gene is probably pathogenic and may be contributing to the risk of sporadic CHD in the Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Khatami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 8915818411, Iran.
| | - Mansoureh Mazidi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 8915818411, Iran.
| | - Shabnam Taher
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 8915818411, Iran.
| | | | - Mehdi Hadadzadeh
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Afshar Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd 8915818411, Iran.
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96
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Woudstra OI, Ahuja S, Bokma JP, Bouma BJ, Mulder BJM, Christoffels VM. Origins and consequences of congenital heart defects affecting the right ventricle. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:1509-1520. [PMID: 28957538 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease is a major health issue, accounting for a third of all congenital defects. Improved early surgical management has led to a growing population of adults with congenital heart disease, including patients with defects affecting the right ventricle, which are often classified as severe. Defects affecting the right ventricle often cause right ventricular volume or pressure overload and affected patients are at high risk for complications such as heart failure and sudden death. Recent insights into the developmental mechanisms and distinct developmental origins of the left ventricle, right ventricle, and the outflow tract have shed light on the common features and distinct problems arising in specific defects. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on the development into the normal and congenitally malformed right heart and the clinical consequences of several congenital heart defects affecting the right ventricle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odilia I Woudstra
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1055 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suchit Ahuja
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology, and Physiology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jouke P Bokma
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1055 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Heart Institute, Moreelsepark 1, 3511 EP, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Berto J Bouma
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1055 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara J M Mulder
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1055 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Heart Institute, Moreelsepark 1, 3511 EP, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent M Christoffels
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology, and Physiology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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97
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Fukui H, Miyazaki T, Chow RWY, Ishikawa H, Nakajima H, Vermot J, Mochizuki N. Hippo signaling determines the number of venous pole cells that originate from the anterior lateral plate mesoderm in zebrafish. eLife 2018; 7:29106. [PMID: 29809141 PMCID: PMC5995544 DOI: 10.7554/elife.29106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of the lateral plate mesoderm cells into heart field cells constitutes a critical step in the development of cardiac tissue and the genesis of functional cardiomyocytes. Hippo signaling controls cardiomyocyte proliferation, but the role of Hippo signaling during early cardiogenesis remains unclear. Here, we show that Hippo signaling regulates atrial cell number by specifying the developmental potential of cells within the anterior lateral plate mesoderm (ALPM), which are incorporated into the venous pole of the heart tube and ultimately into the atrium of the heart. We demonstrate that Hippo signaling acts through large tumor suppressor kinase 1/2 to modulate BMP signaling and the expression of hand2, a key transcription factor that is involved in the differentiation of atrial cardiomyocytes. Collectively, these results demonstrate that Hippo signaling defines venous pole cardiomyocyte number by modulating both the number and the identity of the ALPM cells that will populate the atrium of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Fukui
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan.,University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Takahiro Miyazaki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Renee Wei-Yan Chow
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Illkirch, France
| | - Hiroyuki Ishikawa
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakajima
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Julien Vermot
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Illkirch, France
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan.,AMED-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo, Japan
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98
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Chang CN, Kioussi C. Location, Location, Location: Signals in Muscle Specification. J Dev Biol 2018; 6:E11. [PMID: 29783715 PMCID: PMC6027348 DOI: 10.3390/jdb6020011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscles control body movement and locomotion, posture and body position and soft tissue support. Mesoderm derived cells gives rise to 700 unique muscles in humans as a result of well-orchestrated signaling and transcriptional networks in specific time and space. Although the anatomical structure of skeletal muscles is similar, their functions and locations are specialized. This is the result of specific signaling as the embryo grows and cells migrate to form different structures and organs. As cells progress to their next state, they suppress current sequence specific transcription factors (SSTF) and construct new networks to establish new myogenic features. In this review, we provide an overview of signaling pathways and gene regulatory networks during formation of the craniofacial, cardiac, vascular, trunk, and limb skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ning Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
- Molecular Cell Biology Graduate Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Chrissa Kioussi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
- Molecular Cell Biology Graduate Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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99
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Pursani V, Bhartiya D, Tanavde V, Bashir M, Sampath P. Transcriptional activator DOT1L putatively regulates human embryonic stem cell differentiation into the cardiac lineage. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:97. [PMID: 29631608 PMCID: PMC5891944 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0810-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Commitment of pluripotent stem cells into differentiated cells and associated gene expression necessitate specific epigenetic mechanisms that modify the DNA and corresponding histone proteins to render the chromatin in an open or closed state. This in turn dictates the associated genetic machinery, including transcription factors, acknowledging the cellular signals provided. Activating histone methyltransferases represent crucial enzymes in the epigenetic machinery that cause transcription initiation by delivering the methyl mark on histone proteins. A number of studies have evidenced the vital role of one such histone modifier, DOT1L, in transcriptional regulation. Involvement of DOT1L in differentiating pluripotent human embryonic stem (hES) cells into the cardiac lineage has not yet been investigated. Methods The study was conducted on in-house derived (KIND1) and commercially available (HES3) human embryonic stem cell lines. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was performed followed by sequencing to uncover the cardiac genes harboring the DOT1L specific mark H3K79me2. Following this, dual immunofluorescence was employed to show the DOT1L co-occupancy along with the cardiac progenitor specific marker. DOT1L was knocked down by siRNA to further confirm its role during cardiac differentiation. Results ChIP sequencing revealed a significant number of peaks characterizing H3K79me2 occupancy in the proximity of the transcription start site. This included genes like MYOF, NR2F2, NKX2.5, and HAND1 in cardiac progenitors and cardiomyocytes, and POU5F1 and NANOG in pluripotent hES cells. Consistent with this observation, we also show that DOT1L co-localizes with the master cardiac transcription factor NKX2.5, suggesting its direct involvement during gene activation. Knockdown of DOT1L did not alter the pluripotency of hES cells, but it led to the disruption of cardiac differentiation observed morphologically as well as at transcript and protein levels. Conclusions Collectively, our data suggests the crucial role of H3K79me2 methyltransferase DOT1L for activation of NKX2.5 during the cardiac differentiation of hES cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0810-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Pursani
- Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 012, India
| | - Deepa Bhartiya
- Stem Cell Biology Department, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 012, India.
| | - Vivek Tanavde
- Division of Biological & Life Sciences, School of Arts & Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India.,Genome and Gene Expression Data Analysis Division, A* Star-Bioinformatics Institute, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Mohsin Bashir
- Division of Translational Control of Disease, A* Star-Institute of Medical Biology, Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Prabha Sampath
- Division of Translational Control of Disease, A* Star-Institute of Medical Biology, Singapore, 138648, Singapore
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100
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Anderson DJ, Kaplan DI, Bell KM, Koutsis K, Haynes JM, Mills RJ, Phelan DG, Qian EL, Leitoguinho AR, Arasaratnam D, Labonne T, Ng ES, Davis RP, Casini S, Passier R, Hudson JE, Porrello ER, Costa MW, Rafii A, Curl CL, Delbridge LM, Harvey RP, Oshlack A, Cheung MM, Mummery CL, Petrou S, Elefanty AG, Stanley EG, Elliott DA. NKX2-5 regulates human cardiomyogenesis via a HEY2 dependent transcriptional network. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1373. [PMID: 29636455 PMCID: PMC5893543 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03714-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart defects can be caused by mutations in genes that guide cardiac lineage formation. Here, we show deletion of NKX2-5, a critical component of the cardiac gene regulatory network, in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), results in impaired cardiomyogenesis, failure to activate VCAM1 and to downregulate the progenitor marker PDGFRα. Furthermore, NKX2-5 null cardiomyocytes have abnormal physiology, with asynchronous contractions and altered action potentials. Molecular profiling and genetic rescue experiments demonstrate that the bHLH protein HEY2 is a key mediator of NKX2-5 function during human cardiomyogenesis. These findings identify HEY2 as a novel component of the NKX2-5 cardiac transcriptional network, providing tangible evidence that hESC models can decipher the complex pathways that regulate early stage human heart development. These data provide a human context for the evaluation of pathogenic mutations in congenital heart disease. A gene regulatory network, including the transcription factor Nkx2-5, regulates cardiac development. Here, the authors show that on deletion of NKX2-5 from human embryonic stem cells, there is impaired cardiomyogenesis and changes in action potentials, and that this is regulated via HEY2.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Anderson
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - David I Kaplan
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health; Centre for Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Katrina M Bell
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Katerina Koutsis
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - John M Haynes
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Richard J Mills
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Dean G Phelan
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Elizabeth L Qian
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Ana Rita Leitoguinho
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Deevina Arasaratnam
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Tanya Labonne
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Elizabeth S Ng
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Richard P Davis
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Simona Casini
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Passier
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - James E Hudson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Enzo R Porrello
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | | | - Arash Rafii
- Stem Cell and Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Clare L Curl
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Lea M Delbridge
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Richard P Harvey
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2052, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School and School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, 2052, Australia
| | - Alicia Oshlack
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Michael M Cheung
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Christine L Mummery
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen Petrou
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health; Centre for Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Andrew G Elefanty
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Edouard G Stanley
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, The Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - David A Elliott
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia. .,School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
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