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Markou A, Tzanikou E, Kallergi G, Pantazaka E, Georgoulias V, Kotsakis A, Lianidou E. Evaluation of Monocarboxylate Transporter 4 ( MCT4) Expression and Its Prognostic Significance in Circulating Tumor Cells From Patients With Early Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:641978. [PMID: 33968927 PMCID: PMC8100022 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.641978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) can influence the amount of lactate in the tumor microenvironment and further control cancer cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. We investigated for the first time the expression of MCT4 in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) derived from early stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer patients (NSCLC) and whether this is associated with clinical outcome. Experimental Design: A highly sensitive RT-qPCR assay for quantification of MCT4 transcripts was developed and validated and applied to study MCT4 expression in CTC isolated through the Parsortix size-dependent microfluidic device from 53 and 9 peripheral blood (PB) samples of NSCLC patients at baseline (pre-surgery) and at relapse, respectively, as well as the “background noise” was evaluated using peripheral blood samples from 10 healthy donors (HD) in exactly the same way as patients. Results:MCT4 was differentially expressed between HD and NSCLC patients. Overexpression of MCT4 was detected in 14/53 (26.4%) and 3/9 (33.3%) patients at baseline and at progression disease (PD), respectively. The expression levels of MCT4 was found to increase in CTCs at the time of relapse. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the overexpression of MCT4 was significantly (P = 0.045) associated with progression-free survival (median: 12.5 months, range 5–31 months). Conclusion:MCT4 overexpression was observed at a high frequency in CTCs from early NSCLC patients supporting its role in metastatic process. MCT4 investigated as clinically relevant tumor biomarker characterizing tumor aggressiveness and its potential value as target for cancer therapy. We are totally convinced that MCT4 overexpression in CTCs merits further evaluation as a non-invasive circulating tumor biomarker in a large and well-defined cohort of patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Markou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - E Tzanikou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - G Kallergi
- Division of Genetics, Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - E Pantazaka
- Division of Genetics, Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - V Georgoulias
- First Department of Medical Oncology, IASO General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - A Kotsakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Larissa, Thessaly, Greece
| | - E Lianidou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells, Lab of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Kobayashi M, Narumi K, Furugen A, Iseki K. Transport function, regulation, and biology of human monocarboxylate transporter 1 (hMCT1) and 4 (hMCT4). Pharmacol Ther 2021; 226:107862. [PMID: 33894276 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human monocarboxylate transporter 1 (hMCT1) and 4 (hMCT4) are involved in the proton-dependent transport of monocarboxylates such as L-lactate, which play an essential role in cellular metabolism and pH regulation. hMCT1 and 4 are overexpressed in a number of cancers, and polymorphisms in hMCT1 have been reported to be associated with the prognosis of some cancers. Accordingly, recent advances have focused on the inhibition of these transporters as a novel therapeutic strategy in cancers. To screen for MCT inhibitors for clinical application, it is important to study MCT function and regulation, and the effect of compounds on them, using human-derived cells. In this review, we focus on the transport function, regulation, and biology of hMCT1 and hMCT4, and the effects of genetic variation in these transporters in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Education Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Japan.
| | - Katsuya Narumi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Ayako Furugen
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Ken Iseki
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
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MCT4 Promotes Tumor Malignancy in F98 Glioma Cells. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:6655529. [PMID: 33936203 PMCID: PMC8060090 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6655529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4, SLC16A3) is elevated under hypoxic conditions in many malignant tumors including gliomas. Moreover, MCT4 expression is associated with shorter overall survival. However, the functional consequences of MCT4 expression on the distinct hallmarks of cancer have not yet been explored at the cellular level. Here, we investigated the impact of MCT4 overexpression on proliferation, survival, cell death, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in F98 glioma cells. Stable F98 glioma cell lines with MCT4 overexpression, normal expression, and knockdown were generated. Distinct hallmarks of cancer were examined using in silico analysis, various in vitro cell culture assays, and ex vivo organotypic rat brain slice culture model. Consistent with its function as lactate and proton exporter, MCT4 expression levels correlated inversely with extracellular pH and proportionally with extracellular lactate concentrations. Our results further indicate that MCT4 promotes proliferation and survival by altered cell cycle regulation and cell death mechanisms. Moreover, MCT4 overexpression enhances cell migration and invasiveness via reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Finally, MCT4 inhibition mitigates the induction of angiogenesis, suggesting that MCT4 also plays a crucial role in tumor-related angiogenesis. In summary, our data highlight MCT4/SLC16A3 as a key gene for distinct hallmarks of tumor malignancy in glioma cells.
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In vitro angiogenesis inhibition with selective compounds targeting the key glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3. Pharmacol Res 2021; 168:105592. [PMID: 33813027 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal glycolytic metabolism contributes to angiogenic sprouting involved in atherogenesis. We investigated the potential anti-angiogenic properties of specific 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase-3 (PFKFB3) inhibitors in endothelial cells (ECs). ECs were treated with PFKFB3 inhibitors (named PA-1 and PA-2) and their effects on metabolic and functional characteristics of ECs were investigated. The anti-glycolytic compound 3-(pyridinyl)- 1-(4-pyridinyl)- 2-propen-1-one (3PO) was used as reference compound. PFKFB3 expression and activity (IC50 about 3-21 nM) was inhibited upon treatment with both compounds. Glucose uptake and lactate export were measured using commercial assays and showed a partial reduction up to 40%. PFKFB3 inhibition increased intracellular lactate accumulation, and reduced expression of monocarboxylate transporters-1 (MCT1) and MCT4. Furthermore, endothelial cell migration and proliferation assays demonstrated significant reduction upon treatment with both compounds. Matrix- metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, measured by gelatin zymography, and expression was significantly reduced (up to 25%). In addition, PA compounds downregulated the expression of VCAM-1, VE-cadherin, VEGFa, VEGFR2, TGF-β, and IL-1β, in inflamed ECs. Finally, PA-1 and PA-2 treatment impaired the formation of angiogenic sprouts measured by both morphogenesis and spheroid-based angiogenesis assays. Our data demonstrate that the anti-glycolytic PA compounds may affect several steps involved in angiogenesis. Targeting the key glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 might represent an attractive therapeutic strategy to improve the efficacy of cancer treatments, or to be applied in other pathologies where angiogenesis is a detrimental factor.
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55
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A Holistic Evolutionary and 3D Pharmacophore Modelling Study Provides Insights into the Metabolism, Function, and Substrate Selectivity of the Human Monocarboxylate Transporter 4 (hMCT4). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062918. [PMID: 33805725 PMCID: PMC8001682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) are of great research interest for their role in cancer cell metabolism and their potential ability to transport pharmacologically relevant compounds across the membrane. Each member of the MCT family could potentially provide novel therapeutic approaches to various diseases. The major differences among MCTs are related to each of their specific metabolic roles, their relative substrate and inhibitor affinities, the regulation of their expression, their intracellular localization, and their tissue distribution. MCT4 is the main mediator for the efflux of L-lactate produced in the cell. Thus, MCT4 maintains the glycolytic phenotype of the cancer cell by supplying the molecular resources for tumor cell proliferation and promotes the acidification of the extracellular microenvironment from the co-transport of protons. A promising therapeutic strategy in anti-cancer drug design is the selective inhibition of MCT4 for the glycolytic suppression of solid tumors. A small number of studies indicate molecules for dual inhibition of MCT1 and MCT4; however, no selective inhibitor with high-affinity for MCT4 has been identified. In this study, we attempt to approach the structural characteristics of MCT4 through an in silico pipeline for molecular modelling and pharmacophore elucidation towards the identification of specific inhibitors as a novel anti-cancer strategy.
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Khan AA, Liu X, Yan X, Tahir M, Ali S, Huang H. An overview of genetic mutations and epigenetic signatures in the course of pancreatic cancer progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:245-272. [PMID: 33423164 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09952-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is assumed to be an intimidating and deadly malignancy due to being the leading cause of cancer-led mortality, predominantly affecting males of older age. The overall (5 years) survival rate of PC is less than 9% and is anticipated to be aggravated in the future due to the lack of molecular acquaintance and diagnostic tools for its early detection. Multiple factors are involved in the course of PC development, including genetics, cigarette smoking, alcohol, family history, and aberrant epigenetic signatures of the epigenome. In this review, we will mainly focus on the genetic mutations and epigenetic signature of PC. Multiple tumor suppressor and oncogene mutations are involved in PC initiation, including K-RAS, p53, CDKN2A, and SMAD4. The mutational frequency of these genes ranges from 50 to 98% in PC. The nature of mutation diagnosis is mostly homozygous deletion, point mutation, and aberrant methylation. In addition to genetic modification, epigenetic alterations particularly aberrant hypermethylation and hypomethylation also predispose patients to PC. Hypermethylation is mostly involved in the downregulation of tumor suppressor genes and leads to PC, while multiple genes also represent a hypomethylation status in PC. Several renewable drugs and detection tools have been developed to cope with this aggressive malady, but all are futile, and surgical resection remains the only choice for prolonged survival if diagnosed before metastasis. However, the available therapeutic development is insufficient to cure PC. Therefore, novel approaches are a prerequisite to elucidating the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying PC progression for healthier lifelong survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Ali Khan
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Xinlong Yan
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100124, China.
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Sakhawat Ali
- College of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hua Huang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100124, China.
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Singh SV, Chaube B, Mayengbam SS, Singh A, Malvi P, Mohammad N, Deb A, Bhat MK. Metformin induced lactic acidosis impaired response of cancer cells towards paclitaxel and doxorubicin: Role of monocarboxylate transporter. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166011. [PMID: 33212188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.166011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal glucose metabolism in cancer cells causes generation and secretion of excess lactate, which results in acidification of the extracellular microenvironment. This altered metabolism aids not only in survival and proliferation but also in suppressing immune-mediated destruction of cancer cells. However, how it influences the response of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs is not clearly understood. We employed appropriate in vitro approaches to explore the role of mono-carboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) mediated altered intra and extracellular pH on the outcome of the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs in breast and lung cancer models. We demonstrate by in vitro experiments that inhibition of complex I enhances glycolysis and increases expression as well as membrane translocation of MCT4. It causes a decrease in extracellular pH (pHe) and impairs doxorubicin and paclitaxel's therapeutic efficacy. Acidic pHe inhibits doxorubicin's uptake, while acidic intracellular pH (pH i) impairs the efficacy of paclitaxel. Under in vivo experimental settings, the modulation of pHe with phloretin or alkalizer (NaHCO3) enhances cytotoxicity of drugs and inhibits the growth of MCF-7 xenografts in mice. In a nutshell, this study indicates that MCT4 mediated extracellular acidosis is involved in impairing chemotherapeutic drugs' efficacy on cancer cells. Therefore, the use of pH neutralizing agents or MCT inhibitors may be beneficial towards circumventing impairment in the efficacy of certain drugs that are sensitive to pH changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivendra Vikram Singh
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, India
| | - Balkrishna Chaube
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, India
| | | | - Abhijeet Singh
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, India
| | - Parmanand Malvi
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, India
| | - Naoshad Mohammad
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, India
| | - Ankita Deb
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Bhat
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, India.
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Fu Y, Ricciardiello F, Yang G, Qiu J, Huang H, Xiao J, Cao Z, Zhao F, Liu Y, Luo W, Chen G, You L, Chiaradonna F, Zheng L, Zhang T. The Role of Mitochondria in the Chemoresistance of Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Cells 2021; 10:497. [PMID: 33669111 PMCID: PMC7996512 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The first-line chemotherapies for patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer (PC) are 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and gemcitabine therapy. However, due to chemoresistance the prognosis of patients with PC has not been significantly improved. Mitochondria are essential organelles in eukaryotes that evolved from aerobic bacteria. In recent years, many studies have shown that mitochondria play important roles in tumorigenesis and may act as chemotherapeutic targets in PC. In addition, according to recent studies, mitochondria may play important roles in the chemoresistance of PC by affecting apoptosis, metabolism, mtDNA metabolism, and mitochondrial dynamics. Interfering with some of these factors in mitochondria may improve the sensitivity of PC cells to chemotherapeutic agents, such as gemcitabine, making mitochondria promising targets for overcoming chemoresistance in PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Fu
- General Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.F.); (G.Y.); (J.Q.); (H.H.); (J.X.); (Z.C.); (F.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (G.C.); (L.Y.)
| | - Francesca Ricciardiello
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy;
| | - Gang Yang
- General Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.F.); (G.Y.); (J.Q.); (H.H.); (J.X.); (Z.C.); (F.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (G.C.); (L.Y.)
| | - Jiangdong Qiu
- General Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.F.); (G.Y.); (J.Q.); (H.H.); (J.X.); (Z.C.); (F.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (G.C.); (L.Y.)
| | - Hua Huang
- General Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.F.); (G.Y.); (J.Q.); (H.H.); (J.X.); (Z.C.); (F.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (G.C.); (L.Y.)
| | - Jianchun Xiao
- General Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.F.); (G.Y.); (J.Q.); (H.H.); (J.X.); (Z.C.); (F.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (G.C.); (L.Y.)
| | - Zhe Cao
- General Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.F.); (G.Y.); (J.Q.); (H.H.); (J.X.); (Z.C.); (F.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (G.C.); (L.Y.)
| | - Fangyu Zhao
- General Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.F.); (G.Y.); (J.Q.); (H.H.); (J.X.); (Z.C.); (F.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (G.C.); (L.Y.)
| | - Yueze Liu
- General Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.F.); (G.Y.); (J.Q.); (H.H.); (J.X.); (Z.C.); (F.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (G.C.); (L.Y.)
| | - Wenhao Luo
- General Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.F.); (G.Y.); (J.Q.); (H.H.); (J.X.); (Z.C.); (F.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (G.C.); (L.Y.)
| | - Guangyu Chen
- General Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.F.); (G.Y.); (J.Q.); (H.H.); (J.X.); (Z.C.); (F.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (G.C.); (L.Y.)
| | - Lei You
- General Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.F.); (G.Y.); (J.Q.); (H.H.); (J.X.); (Z.C.); (F.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (G.C.); (L.Y.)
| | - Ferdinando Chiaradonna
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy;
| | - Lianfang Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China;
| | - Taiping Zhang
- General Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.F.); (G.Y.); (J.Q.); (H.H.); (J.X.); (Z.C.); (F.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.L.); (G.C.); (L.Y.)
- Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Stellate Cells Aid Growth-Permissive Metabolic Reprogramming and Promote Gemcitabine Chemoresistance in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040601. [PMID: 33546284 PMCID: PMC7913350 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The great majority, more than 90%, of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) die within less than five years after detection of the disease, despite recent treatment advances. The poor prognosis is related to late diagnosis, aggressive disease progression, and tumor resistance to conventional chemotherapy. PDAC tumor tissue is characterized by dense fibrosis and poor nutrient availability. A large portion of the tumor is made up of stromal fibroblasts, the pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), which are known to contribute to tumor progression in several ways. PSCs have been shown to act as an alternate energy source, induce drug resistance, and inhibit drug availability in tumor cells, however, the underlying exact molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In this literature review, we discuss recent available knowledge about the contributions of PSCs to the overall progression of PDAC via changes in tumor metabolism and how this is linked to therapy resistance. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), also known as pancreatic cancer (PC), is characterized by an overall poor prognosis and a five-year survival that is less than 10%. Characteristic features of the tumor are the presence of a prominent desmoplastic stromal response, an altered metabolism, and profound resistance to cancer drugs including gemcitabine, the backbone of PDAC chemotherapy. The pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) constitute the major cellular component of PDAC stroma. PSCs are essential for extracellular matrix assembly and form a supportive niche for tumor growth. Various cytokines and growth factors induce activation of PSCs through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms, which in turn promote overall tumor growth and metastasis and induce chemoresistance. To maintain growth and survival in the nutrient-poor, hypoxic environment of PDAC, tumor cells fulfill their high energy demands via several unconventional ways, a process generally referred to as metabolic reprogramming. Accumulating evidence indicates that activated PSCs not only contribute to the therapy-resistant phenotype of PDAC but also act as a nutrient supplier for the tumor cells. However, the precise molecular links between metabolic reprogramming and an acquired therapy resistance in PDAC remain elusive. This review highlights recent findings indicating the importance of PSCs in aiding growth-permissive metabolic reprogramming and gemcitabine chemoresistance in PDAC.
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Dey P, Kimmelman AC, DePinho RA. Metabolic Codependencies in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:1067-1081. [PMID: 33504580 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming enables cancer cell growth, proliferation, and survival. This reprogramming is driven by the combined actions of oncogenic alterations in cancer cells and host cell factors acting on cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer cell-intrinsic mechanisms activate signal transduction components that either directly enhance metabolic enzyme activity or upregulate transcription factors that in turn increase expression of metabolic regulators. Extrinsic signaling mechanisms involve host-derived factors that further promote and amplify metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells. This review describes intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms driving cancer metabolism in the tumor microenvironment and how such mechanisms may be targeted therapeutically. SIGNIFICANCE: Cancer cell metabolic reprogramming is a consequence of the converging signals originating from both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic signaling maintains the baseline metabolic state, whereas extrinsic signals fine-tune the metabolic processes based on the availability of metabolites and the requirements of the cells. Therefore, successful targeting of metabolic pathways will require a nuanced approach based on the cancer's genotype, tumor microenvironment composition, and tissue location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Dey
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York. .,Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Alec C Kimmelman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Ronald A DePinho
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Bányai L, Trexler M, Kerekes K, Csuka O, Patthy L. Use of signals of positive and negative selection to distinguish cancer genes and passenger genes. eLife 2021; 10:e59629. [PMID: 33427197 PMCID: PMC7877913 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A major goal of cancer genomics is to identify all genes that play critical roles in carcinogenesis. Most approaches focused on genes positively selected for mutations that drive carcinogenesis and neglected the role of negative selection. Some studies have actually concluded that negative selection has no role in cancer evolution. We have re-examined the role of negative selection in tumor evolution through the analysis of the patterns of somatic mutations affecting the coding sequences of human genes. Our analyses have confirmed that tumor suppressor genes are positively selected for inactivating mutations, oncogenes, however, were found to display signals of both negative selection for inactivating mutations and positive selection for activating mutations. Significantly, we have identified numerous human genes that show signs of strong negative selection during tumor evolution, suggesting that their functional integrity is essential for the growth and survival of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Bányai
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural SciencesBudapestHungary
| | - Maria Trexler
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural SciencesBudapestHungary
| | - Krisztina Kerekes
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural SciencesBudapestHungary
| | - Orsolya Csuka
- Department of Pathogenetics, National Institute of OncologyBudapestHungary
| | - László Patthy
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural SciencesBudapestHungary
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Martínez-Ordoñez A, Seoane S, Avila L, Eiro N, Macía M, Arias E, Pereira F, García-Caballero T, Gómez-Lado N, Aguiar P, Vizoso F, Perez-Fernandez R. POU1F1 transcription factor induces metabolic reprogramming and breast cancer progression via LDHA regulation. Oncogene 2021; 40:2725-2740. [PMID: 33714987 PMCID: PMC8049871 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01740-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is considered hallmarks of cancer. Aerobic glycolysis in tumors cells has been well-known for almost a century, but specific factors that regulate lactate generation and the effects of lactate in both cancer cells and stroma are not yet well understood. In the present study using breast cancer cell lines, human primary cultures of breast tumors, and immune deficient murine models, we demonstrate that the POU1F1 transcription factor is functionally and clinically related to both metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer cells and fibroblasts activation. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that POU1F1 transcriptionally regulates the lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) gene. LDHA catalyzes pyruvate into lactate instead of leading into the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Lactate increases breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, it activates normal-associated fibroblasts (NAFs) into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Conversely, LDHA knockdown in breast cancer cells that overexpress POU1F1 decreases tumor volume and [18F]FDG uptake in tumor xenografts of mice. Clinically, POU1F1 and LDHA expression correlate with relapse- and metastasis-free survival. Our data indicate that POU1F1 induces a metabolic reprogramming through LDHA regulation in human breast tumor cells, modifying the phenotype of both cancer cells and fibroblasts to promote cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anxo Martínez-Ordoñez
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Department of Physiology-Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XPresent Address: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Samuel Seoane
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Department of Physiology-Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Leandro Avila
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Department of Physiology-Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Noemi Eiro
- Research Unit, Hospital Fundación de Jove, Gijón, Spain
| | - Manuel Macía
- grid.488911.d0000 0004 0408 4897Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)-University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Efigenia Arias
- grid.488911.d0000 0004 0408 4897Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)-University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fabio Pereira
- grid.488911.d0000 0004 0408 4897Department of Radiation Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)-University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tomas García-Caballero
- grid.488911.d0000 0004 0408 4897Department of Morphological Sciences, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)-University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Noemi Gómez-Lado
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Molecular Imaging Group. Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS). University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pablo Aguiar
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Molecular Imaging Group. Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS). University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Román Perez-Fernandez
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Department of Physiology-Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Targeting Metabolic Cross Talk Between Cancer Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1311:205-214. [PMID: 34014545 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65768-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although cancer has classically been regarded as a genetic disease of uncontrolled cell growth, the importance of the tumor microenvironment (TME) [1, 2] is continuously emphasized by the accumulating evidence that cancer growth is not simply dependent on the cancer cells themselves [3, 4] but also dependent on angiogenesis [5-8], inflammation [9, 10], and the supporting roles of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) [11-13]. After the discovery that CAFs are able to remodel the tumor matrix within the TME and provide the nutrients and chemicals to promote cancer cell growth [14], many studies have aimed to uncover the cross talk between cancer cells and CAFs. Moreover, a new paradigm in cancer metabolism shows how cancer cells act like "metabolic parasites" to take up the high-energy metabolites, such as lactate, ketone bodies, free fatty acids, and glutamine from supporting cells, including CAFs and cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs) [15, 16]. This chapter provides an overview of the metabolic coupling between CAFs and cancer cells to further define the therapeutic options to disrupt the CAF-cancer cell interactions.
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Oliveira GL, Coelho AR, Marques R, Oliveira PJ. Cancer cell metabolism: Rewiring the mitochondrial hub. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1867:166016. [PMID: 33246010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.166016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To adapt to tumoral environment conditions or even to escape chemotherapy, cells rapidly reprogram their metabolism to handle adversities and survive. Given the rapid rise of studies uncovering novel insights and therapeutic opportunities based on the role of mitochondria in tumor metabolic programing and therapeutics, this review summarizes most significant developments in the field. Taking in mind the key role of mitochondria on carcinogenesis and tumor progression due to their involvement on tumor plasticity, metabolic remodeling, and signaling re-wiring, those organelles are also potential therapeutic targets. Among other topics, we address the recent data intersecting mitochondria as of prognostic value and staging in cancer, by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) determination, and current inhibitors developments targeting mtDNA, OXPHOS machinery and metabolic pathways. We contribute for a holistic view of the role of mitochondria metabolism and directed therapeutics to understand tumor metabolism, to circumvent therapy resistance, and to control tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela L Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Ana R Coelho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Marques
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal.
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Rai V, Agrawal S. Targets (Metabolic Mediators) of Therapeutic Importance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8502. [PMID: 33198082 PMCID: PMC7697422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), an extremely aggressive invasive cancer, is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death in the United States. The higher mortality in PDAC is often attributed to the inability to detect it until it has reached advanced stages. The major challenge in tackling PDAC is due to its elusive pathology, minimal effectiveness, and resistance to existing therapeutics. The aggressiveness of PDAC is due to the capacity of tumor cells to alter their metabolism, utilize the diverse available fuel sources to adapt and grow in a hypoxic and harsh environment. Therapeutic resistance is due to the presence of thick stroma with poor angiogenesis, thus making drug delivery to tumor cells difficult. Investigating the metabolic mediators and enzymes involved in metabolic reprogramming may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets. The metabolic mediators of glucose, glutamine, lipids, nucleotides, amino acids and mitochondrial metabolism have emerged as novel therapeutic targets. Additionally, the role of autophagy, macropinocytosis, lysosomal transport, recycling, amino acid transport, lipid transport, and the role of reactive oxygen species has also been discussed. The role of various pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune cells in the pathogenesis of PDAC and the metabolites involved in the signaling pathways as therapeutic targets have been previously discussed. This review focuses on the therapeutic potential of metabolic mediators in PDAC along with stemness due to metabolic alterations and their therapeutic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Swati Agrawal
- Department of Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68178, USA;
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Lactate in the Tumor Microenvironment: An Essential Molecule in Cancer Progression and Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113244. [PMID: 33153193 PMCID: PMC7693872 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The role of lactate in cancer described by Otto Warburg in 1927 states that cancer cells uptake high amount of glucose with a marked increase in lactate production, this is known as the “Warburg effect”. Since then lactate turn out to be a major signaling molecule in cancer progression. Its release from tumor cells is accompanied by acidification ranging from 6.3 to 6.9 in the tumor microenvironment (TME) which favors processes such as tumor promotion, angiogenesis, metastasis, tumor resistance and more importantly, immunosuppression which has been associated with a poor outcome. The goal of this review is to examine and discuss in deep detail the recent studies that address the role of lactate in all these cancerous processes. Lastly, we explore the efforts to target the lactate production and its transport as a promising approach for cancer therapeutics. Abstract Cancer is a complex disease that includes the reprogramming of metabolic pathways by malignant proliferating cells, including those affecting the tumor microenvironment (TME). The “TME concept” was introduced in recognition of the roles played by factors other than tumor cells in cancer progression. In response to the hypoxic or semi-hypoxic characteristic of the TME, cancer cells generate a large amount of lactate via the metabolism of glucose and glutamine. Export of this newly generated lactate by the tumor cells together with H+ prevents intracellular acidification but acidifies the TME. In recent years, the importance of lactate and acidosis in carcinogenesis has gained increasing attention, including the role of lactate as a tumor-promoting metabolite. Here we review the existing literature on lactate metabolism in tumor cells and the ability of extracellular lactate to direct the metabolic reprogramming of those cells. Studies demonstrating the roles of lactate in biological processes that drive or sustain carcinogenesis (tumor promotion, angiogenesis, metastasis and tumor resistance) and lactate’s role as an immunosuppressor that contributes to tumor evasion are also considered. Finally, we consider recent therapeutic efforts using available drugs directed at and interfering with lactate production and transport in cancer treatment.
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Therapeutic Strategies Toward Lactate Dehydrogenase Within the Tumor Microenvironment of Pancreatic Cancer. Pancreas 2020; 49:1364-1371. [PMID: 33122526 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) play a key metabolic role within the tumor microenvironment (stroma) of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), being glycolytic and associated with protumorigenic acidification from excess lactate. This study investigates the clinical significance of glycolytic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and determines efficacy of the novel pan-LDH inhibitor Galloflavin. METHODS An in vitro Transwell system was adopted for coculture of PSCs and 3 PDAC cell lines (MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1, and BxPC-3). Cells were treated with Galloflavin, and outcomes were analyzed regarding proliferation, apoptosis, lactate production, and glycolytic enzyme protein expression. Immunohistochemical staining for lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) was performed on 59 resected PDAC tumors annotated for clinical outcome. RESULTS Galloflavin reduced PDAC proliferation in monoculture (P < 0.01); however, in co-culture with PSCs, an antiproliferative effect was only evident in PANC-1 (P = 0.001). An apoptotic effect was observed in MIA PaCa-2 and BxPC-3 in coculture (P < 0.05). A reduction in media lactate was observed in coculture (P < 0.01) with PSCs. Immunohistochemistry revealed stromal and tumoral LDHB expression had no impact on survival. CONCLUSIONS Galloflavin has the potential to neutralize the acidic PDAC microenvironment and thereby reduce tumor invasiveness and metastasis. Patients with lower LDHB expression are more likely to be beneficial responders.
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Kuo TC, Huang KY, Yang SC, Wu S, Chung WC, Chang YL, Hong TM, Wang SP, Chen HY, Hsiao TH, Yang PC. Monocarboxylate Transporter 4 Is a Therapeutic Target in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer with Aerobic Glycolysis Preference. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2020; 18:189-201. [PMID: 32695876 PMCID: PMC7364124 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting metabolic reprogramming is an emerging strategy in cancer therapy. However, clinical attempts to target metabolic reprogramming have been proved to be challenging, with metabolic heterogeneity of cancer being one of many reasons that causes treatment failure. Here, we stratified non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, mainly lung adenocarcinoma, based on their metabolic phenotypes and demonstrated that the aerobic glycolysis-preference NSCLC cell subtype was resistant to the OXPHOS-targeting inhibitors. We identified that monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4), a lactate transporter, was highly expressed in the aerobic glycolysis-preference subtype with function supporting the proliferation of these cells. Glucose could induce the expression of MCT4 in these cells through a ΔNp63α and Sp1-dependent pathway. Next, we showed that knockdown of MCT4 increased intracellular lactate concentration and induced a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent cellular apoptosis in the aerobic glycolysis-preference NSCLC cell subtype. By scanning a panel of monoclonal antibodies with MCT4 neutralizing activity, we further identified a MCT4 immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal antibody showing capable anti-proliferation efficacy on the aerobic glycolysis-preference NSCLC cell subtype. Our findings indicate that the metabolic heterogeneity is a critical factor for NSCLC therapy and manipulating the expression or function of MCT4 can be an effective strategy in targeting the aerobic glycolysis-preference NSCLC cell subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Chun Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yen Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Shuenn-Chen Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Sean Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chia Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Leong Chang
- Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Ming Hong
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ping Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hung Hsiao
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Renner K, Bruss C, Schnell A, Koehl G, Becker HM, Fante M, Menevse AN, Kauer N, Blazquez R, Hacker L, Decking SM, Bohn T, Faerber S, Evert K, Aigle L, Amslinger S, Landa M, Krijgsman O, Rozeman EA, Brummer C, Siska PJ, Singer K, Pektor S, Miederer M, Peter K, Gottfried E, Herr W, Marchiq I, Pouyssegur J, Roush WR, Ong S, Warren S, Pukrop T, Beckhove P, Lang SA, Bopp T, Blank CU, Cleveland JL, Oefner PJ, Dettmer K, Selby M, Kreutz M. Restricting Glycolysis Preserves T Cell Effector Functions and Augments Checkpoint Therapy. Cell Rep 2020; 29:135-150.e9. [PMID: 31577944 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-derived lactic acid inhibits T and natural killer (NK) cell function and, thereby, tumor immunosurveillance. Here, we report that melanoma patients with high expression of glycolysis-related genes show a worse progression free survival upon anti-PD1 treatment. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac lowers lactate secretion of tumor cells and improves anti-PD1-induced T cell killing in vitro. Surprisingly, diclofenac, but not other NSAIDs, turns out to be a potent inhibitor of the lactate transporters monocarboxylate transporter 1 and 4 and diminishes lactate efflux. Notably, T cell activation, viability, and effector functions are preserved under diclofenac treatment and in a low glucose environment in vitro. Diclofenac, but not aspirin, delays tumor growth and improves the efficacy of checkpoint therapy in vivo. Moreover, genetic suppression of glycolysis in tumor cells strongly improves checkpoint therapy. These findings support the rationale for targeting glycolysis in patients with high glycolytic tumors together with checkpoint inhibitors in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Renner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Christina Bruss
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Annette Schnell
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gudrun Koehl
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Holger M Becker
- Division of General Zoology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Matthias Fante
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ayse-Nur Menevse
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nathalie Kauer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Raquel Blazquez
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Hacker
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sonja-Maria Decking
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Toszka Bohn
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg University (UMC) Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephanie Faerber
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katja Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Aigle
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Amslinger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maria Landa
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oscar Krijgsman
- Department Medical Oncology and Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elisa A Rozeman
- Department Medical Oncology and Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christina Brummer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter J Siska
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Singer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Pektor
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Miederer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katrin Peter
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Eva Gottfried
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herr
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ibtisam Marchiq
- Institute of Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), CNRS-INSERM-UNS UMR 7284, Nice, France
| | - Jacques Pouyssegur
- Institute of Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), CNRS-INSERM-UNS UMR 7284, Nice, France; Department of Medical Biology, Scientific Centre of Monaco (CSM), Monaco
| | - William R Roush
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps-Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - SuFey Ong
- NanoString Technologies, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Tobias Pukrop
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Beckhove
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sven A Lang
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Bopp
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg University (UMC) Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), UMC Mainz, Mainz, Germany; University Cancer Center Mainz, UMC Mainz, Mainz, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian U Blank
- Department Medical Oncology and Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - John L Cleveland
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Peter J Oefner
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katja Dettmer
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mark Selby
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Marina Kreutz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology, Regensburg, Germany
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Yamaguchi A, Narumi K, Furugen A, Iseki K, Kobayashi M. Identification of the essential extracellular aspartic acids conserved in human monocarboxylate transporters 1, 2, and 4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 529:1061-1065. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Mendes C, Serpa J. Revisiting lactate dynamics in cancer—a metabolic expertise or an alternative attempt to survive? J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:1397-1414. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01965-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Bailey TL, Nieto A, McDonald PH. A Nonradioactive High-Throughput Screening-Compatible Cell-Based Assay to Identify Inhibitors of the Monocarboxylate Transporter Protein 1. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2020; 17:275-284. [PMID: 31532712 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2019.936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Solute carrier proteins (SLCs) are a superfamily of transmembrane transporters that control essential physiological functions such as nutrient uptake, ion transport, and cellular waste elimination. Although many SLCs are associated with various disease states and are considered "druggable," they remain underexplored as a drug target class. One subfamily of SLCs that has gained attention for its therapeutic potential is the monocarboxylate solute transporter family. The monocarboxylate transporter protein 1 (MCT1) is a passive transporter of lactate and has gained significant attention for its role(s) in cancer progression; moreover, upregulation of MCT1 connotes poor patient outcome and survival. Consequently, small molecule inhibitors of MCT1 activity are being pursued as anticancer therapies. However, typical for members of this SLC subfamily, there is a paucity of potent and selective modulators of MCT1. This is in part due to methods used for their identification, typically relying on the use of radiolabeled substrate tracing. In addition to the safety concerns associated with radioactivity, this methodology is also expensive and time consuming. In this study, we describe the use of an MCT1 cytotoxic substrate as a tool to enable the development of a nonradioactive cell-based homogeneous assay that facilitates industry-scale high-throughput screening (HTS) of large compound libraries to identify novel MCT1 inhibitors to interrogate the therapeutic potential of MCT1. Our assay is robust, reproducible, HTS amenable, and establishes a conceptually novel way to identify chemical probes to investigate the therapeutic potential of SLC proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Liz Bailey
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida.,Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Ainhoa Nieto
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Patricia H McDonald
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
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Brunton H, Caligiuri G, Cunningham R, Upstill-Goddard R, Bailey UM, Garner IM, Nourse C, Dreyer S, Jones M, Moran-Jones K, Wright DW, Paulus-Hock V, Nixon C, Thomson G, Jamieson NB, McGregor GA, Evers L, McKay CJ, Gulati A, Brough R, Bajrami I, Pettitt SJ, Dziubinski ML, Barry ST, Grützmann R, Brown R, Curry E, Pajic M, Musgrove EA, Petersen GM, Shanks E, Ashworth A, Crawford HC, Simeone DM, Froeling FEM, Lord CJ, Mukhopadhyay D, Pilarsky C, Grimmond SE, Morton JP, Sansom OJ, Chang DK, Bailey PJ, Biankin AV, Chang DK, Cooke SL, Dreyer S, Grimwood P, Kelly S, Marshall J, McDade B, McElroy D, Ramsay D, Upstill-Goddard R, Rebus S, Hair J, Jamieson NB, McKay CJ, Westwood P, Williams N, Duthie F, Biankin AV, Johns AL, Mawson A, Chang DK, Scarlett CJ, Brancato MAL, Rowe SJ, Simpson SH, Martyn-Smith M, Thomas MT, Chantrill LA, Chin VT, Chou A, Cowley MJ, Humphris JL, Mead RS, Nagrial AM, Pajic M, Pettit J, Pinese M, Rooman I, Wu J, Tao J, DiPietro R, Watson C, Steinmann A, Lee HC, Wong R, Pinho AV, Giry-Laterriere M, Daly RJ, Musgrove EA, Sutherland RL, Grimmond SM, Waddell N, Kassahn KS, Miller DK, Wilson PJ, Patch AM, Song S, Harliwong I, Idrisoglu S, Nourbakhsh E, Manning S, Wani S, Gongora M, Anderson M, Holmes O, Leonard C, Taylor D, Wood S, Xu C, Nones K, Fink JL, Christ A, Bruxner T, Cloonan N, Newell F, Pearson JV, Quinn M, Nagaraj S, Kazakoff S, Waddell N, Krisnan K, Quek K, Wood D, Samra JS, Gill AJ, Pavlakis N, Guminski A, Toon C, Asghari R, Merrett ND, Pavey D, Das A, Cosman PH, Ismail K, O’Connnor C, Lam VW, McLeod D, Pleass HC, Richardson A, James V, Kench JG, Cooper CL, Joseph D, Sandroussi C, Crawford M, Gallagher J, Texler M, Forest C, Laycock A, Epari KP, Ballal M, Fletcher DR, Mukhedkar S, Spry NA, DeBoer B, Chai M, Zeps N, Beilin M, Feeney K, Nguyen NQ, Ruszkiewicz AR, Worthley C, Tan CP, Debrencini T, Chen J, Brooke-Smith ME, Papangelis V, Tang H, Barbour AP, Clouston AD, Martin P, O’Rourke TJ, Chiang A, Fawcett JW, Slater K, Yeung S, Hatzifotis M, Hodgkinson P, Christophi C, Nikfarjam M, Mountain A, Eshleman JR, Hruban RH, Maitra A, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Schulick RD, Wolfgang CL, Morgan RA, Hodgin M, Scarpa A, Lawlor RT, Beghelli S, Corbo V, Scardoni M, Bassi C, Tempero MA, Nourse C, Jamieson NB, Graham JS. HNF4A and GATA6 Loss Reveals Therapeutically Actionable Subtypes in Pancreatic Cancer. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107625. [PMID: 32402285 PMCID: PMC9511995 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) can be divided into transcriptomic subtypes with two broad lineages referred to as classical (pancreatic) and squamous. We find that these two subtypes are driven by distinct metabolic phenotypes. Loss of genes that drive endodermal lineage specification, HNF4A and GATA6, switch metabolic profiles from classical (pancreatic) to predominantly squamous, with glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) a key regulator of glycolysis. Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3β results in selective sensitivity in the squamous subtype; however, a subset of these squamous patient-derived cell lines (PDCLs) acquires rapid drug tolerance. Using chromatin accessibility maps, we demonstrate that the squamous subtype can be further classified using chromatin accessibility to predict responsiveness and tolerance to GSK3β inhibitors. Our findings demonstrate that distinct patterns of chromatin accessibility can be used to identify patient subgroups that are indistinguishable by gene expression profiles, highlighting the utility of chromatin-based biomarkers for patient selection in the treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Brunton
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Giuseppina Caligiuri
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland
| | - Richard Cunningham
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland
| | - Rosie Upstill-Goddard
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland
| | - Ulla-Maja Bailey
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Ian M Garner
- Epigenetics Unit, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Craig Nourse
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Stephan Dreyer
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
| | - Marc Jones
- Stratified Medicine Scotland Innovation Centre, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Kim Moran-Jones
- Stratified Medicine Scotland Innovation Centre, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Derek W Wright
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland
| | - Viola Paulus-Hock
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Gemma Thomson
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Nigel B Jamieson
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
| | - Grant A McGregor
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Lisa Evers
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland
| | - Colin J McKay
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
| | - Aditi Gulati
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Rachel Brough
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Ilirjana Bajrami
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Stephen J Pettitt
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Michele L Dziubinski
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, 4304 Rogel Cancer Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Simon T Barry
- Bioscience, Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert Grützmann
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert Brown
- Epigenetics Unit, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Edward Curry
- Epigenetics Unit, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | | | | | - Marina Pajic
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, 370 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst and Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Musgrove
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland
| | | | - Emma Shanks
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Alan Ashworth
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Howard C Crawford
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, 4304 Rogel Cancer Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Diane M Simeone
- Pancreatic Cancer Center, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Fieke E M Froeling
- Epigenetics Unit, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Christopher J Lord
- CRUK Gene Function Laboratory and Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Debabrata Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Sean E Grimmond
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer P Morton
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - David K Chang
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter J Bailey
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Department of General Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1QH, Scotland; West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK; South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Yu S, Wu Y, Li C, Qu Z, Lou G, Guo X, Ji J, Li N, Guo M, Zhang M, Lei L, Tai S. Comprehensive analysis of the SLC16A gene family in pancreatic cancer via integrated bioinformatics. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7315. [PMID: 32355273 PMCID: PMC7193566 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64356-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SLC16A family members play crucial roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, the exact role of distinct members in the SLC16A family in human pancreatic cancer remains unclear. Integrated bioinformatics analysis for the identification of therapeutic targets for certain cancers based on transcriptomics, proteomics and high-throughput sequencing could help us obtain novel information and understand potential underlying molecular mechanisms. In the present study, we investigated SLC16A family members in pancreatic cancer through accumulated data from GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus), TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and other available databases. The expression profile, clinical application significance and prognostic value of the SLC16A family for patients with pancreatic cancer were explored. SLC16A1, SLC16A3 and SLC16A13 exhibited biomarker potential for prognosis, and we further identified their related genes and regulatory networks, revealing core molecular pathways that require further investigation for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Yu
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Yanshuang Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Chunlong Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zhaowei Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ge Lou
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xiaorong Guo
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jingjing Ji
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Pathology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Mian Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Maomao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.,The Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Sheng Tai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
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Sadeghzadeh M, Moldovan RP, Fischer S, Wenzel B, Ludwig FA, Teodoro R, Deuther-Conrad W, Jonnalagadda S, Jonnalagadda SK, Gudelis E, Šačkus A, Higuchi K, Ganapathy V, Mereddy VR, Drewes LR, Brust P. Development and radiosynthesis of the first 18 F-labeled inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2020; 62:411-424. [PMID: 31017677 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporters 1 and 4 (MCT1 and MCT4) are involved in tumor development and progression. Their expression levels are related to clinical disease prognosis. Accordingly, both MCTs are promising drug targets for treatment of a variety of human cancers. The noninvasive imaging of these MCTs in cancers is regarded to be advantageous for assessing MCT-mediated effects on chemotherapy and radiosensitization using specific MCT inhibitors. Herein, we describe a method for the radiosynthesis of [18 F]FACH ((E)-2-cyano-3-{4-[(3-[18 F]fluoropropyl)(propyl)amino]-2-methoxyphenyl}acrylic acid), as a novel radiolabeled MCT1/4 inhibitor for imaging with PET. A fluorinated analog of α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (FACH) was synthesized, and the inhibition of MCT1 and MCT4 was measured via an L-[14 C]lactate uptake assay. Radiolabeling was performed by a two-step protocol comprising the radiosynthesis of the intermediate (E)/(Z)-[18 F]tert-Bu-FACH (tert-butyl (E)/(Z)-2-cyano-3-{4-[(3-[18 F]fluoropropyl)(propyl)amino]-2-methoxyphenyl}acrylate) followed by deprotection of the tert-butyl group. The radiofluorination was successfully implemented using either K[18 F]F-K2.2.2 -carbonate or [18 F]TBAF. The final deprotected product [18 F]FACH was only obtained when [18 F]tert-Bu-FACH was formed by the latter procedure. After optimization of the deprotection reaction, [18 F]FACH was obtained in high radiochemical yields (39.6 ± 8.3%, end of bombardment (EOB) and radiochemical purity (greater than 98%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Sadeghzadeh
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rareş-Petru Moldovan
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffen Fischer
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Barbara Wenzel
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Friedrich-Alexander Ludwig
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Teodoro
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Winnie Deuther-Conrad
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Shirisha Jonnalagadda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sravan K Jonnalagadda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Emilis Gudelis
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Šačkus
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kei Higuchi
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Vadivel Ganapathy
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Venkatram R Mereddy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lester R Drewes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Peter Brust
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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76
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Gu W, Tong Z. Clinical Application of Metabolomics in Pancreatic Diseases: A Mini-Review. Lab Med 2020; 51:116-121. [PMID: 31340007 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmz046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics is a powerful new analytical method to describe the set of metabolites within cellular tissue and bodily fluids. Metabolomics can uncover detailed information about metabolic changes in organisms. The morphology of these metabolites represents the metabolic processes that occur in cells, such as anabolism, catabolism, inhomogeneous natural absorption and metabolism, detoxification, and metabolism of biomass energy. Because the metabolites of different diseases are different, the specificity of the changes can be found by metabolomics testing, which provides a new source of biomarkers for the early identification of diseases and the difference between benign and malignant states. Metabolomics has a wide application potential in pancreatic diseases, including early detection, diagnosis, and identification of pancreatic diseases. However, there are few studies on metabolomics in pancreatic diseases in the literature. This article reviews the application of metabolomics in the diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and evaluation of pancreatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Gu
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, China
| | - Zhong Tong
- Hefei First People's Hospital, Hefei City, China
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77
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Richardson DA, Sritangos P, James AD, Sultan A, Bruce JIE. Metabolic regulation of calcium pumps in pancreatic cancer: role of phosphofructokinase-fructose-bisphosphatase-3 (PFKFB3). Cancer Metab 2020; 8:2. [PMID: 32266066 PMCID: PMC7114799 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-020-0210-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High glycolytic rate is a hallmark of cancer (Warburg effect). Glycolytic ATP is required for fuelling plasma membrane calcium ATPases (PMCAs), responsible for extrusion of cytosolic calcium, in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Phosphofructokinase-fructose-bisphosphatase-3 (PFKFB3) is a glycolytic driver that activates key rate-limiting enzyme Phosphofructokinase-1; we investigated whether PFKFB3 is required for PMCA function in PDAC cells. METHODS PDAC cell-lines, MIA PaCa-2, BxPC-3, PANC1 and non-cancerous human pancreatic stellate cells (HPSCs) were used. Cell growth, death and metabolism were assessed using sulforhodamine-B/tetrazolium-based assays, poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase (PARP1) cleavage and seahorse XF analysis, respectively. ATP was measured using a luciferase-based assay, membrane proteins were isolated using a kit and intracellular calcium concentration and PMCA activity were measured using Fura-2 fluorescence imaging. RESULTS PFKFB3 was highly expressed in PDAC cells but not HPSCs. In MIA PaCa-2, a pool of PFKFB3 was identified at the plasma membrane. PFKFB3 inhibitor, PFK15, caused reduced cell growth and PMCA activity, leading to calcium overload and apoptosis in PDAC cells. PFK15 reduced glycolysis but had no effect on steady-state ATP concentration in MIA PaCa-2. CONCLUSIONS PFKFB3 is important for maintaining PMCA function in PDAC, independently of cytosolic ATP levels and may be involved in providing a localised ATP supply at the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. A. Richardson
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University Of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | - P. Sritangos
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University Of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | - A. D. James
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
| | - A. Sultan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University Of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | - J. I. E. Bruce
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University Of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
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Silagi ES, Novais EJ, Bisetto S, Telonis AG, Snuggs J, Le Maitre CL, Qiu Y, Kurland IJ, Shapiro IM, Philp NJ, Risbud MV. Lactate Efflux From Intervertebral Disc Cells Is Required for Maintenance of Spine Health. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:550-570. [PMID: 31692093 PMCID: PMC7064427 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of glycolytic metabolism is postulated to be required for health of the spinal column. In the hypoxic tissues of the intervertebral disc and glycolytic cells of vertebral bone, glucose is metabolized into pyruvate for ATP generation and reduced to lactate to sustain redox balance. The rise in intracellular H+ /lactate concentrations are balanced by plasma-membrane monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). Using MCT4 null mice and human tissue samples, complemented with genetic and metabolic approaches, we determine that H+ /lactate efflux is critical for maintenance of disc and vertebral bone health. Mechanistically, MCT4 maintains glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux and intracellular pH homeostasis in the nucleus pulposus compartment of the disc, where hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) directly activates an intronic enhancer in SLC16A3. Ultimately, our results provide support for research into lactate as a diagnostic biomarker for chronic, painful, disc degeneration. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S Silagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emanuel J Novais
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sara Bisetto
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aristeidis G Telonis
- Computational Medicine Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph Snuggs
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Yunping Qiu
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Irwin J Kurland
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Irving M Shapiro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nancy J Philp
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Makarand V Risbud
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Yao W, Maitra A, Ying H. Recent insights into the biology of pancreatic cancer. EBioMedicine 2020; 53:102655. [PMID: 32139179 PMCID: PMC7118569 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PDAC) is one of the deadliest types of human cancers, owing to late stage at presentation and pervasive therapeutic resistance. The extensive tumour heterogeneity, as well as substantial crosstalk between the neoplastic epithelium and components within the microenvironment are the defining features of PDAC biology that dictate the dismal natural history. Recent advances in genomic and molecular profiling have informed on the genetic makeup and evolutionary patterns of tumour progression, leading to treatment breakthroughs in minor subsets of patients with specific tumour mutational profiles. The nature and function of tumour heterogeneity, including stromal heterogeneity, in PDAC development and therapeutic resistance, are increasingly being elucidated. Deep insight has been gained regarding the metabolic and immunological deregulation, which further sheds light on the complex biology and the observed treatment recalcitrance. Here we will summarize these recent achievements and offer our perspective on the path forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wantong Yao
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Houston, TX, USA; Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Haoqiang Ying
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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80
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Elevated Tumor Lactate and Efflux in High-grade Prostate Cancer demonstrated by Hyperpolarized 13C Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Prostate Tissue Slice Cultures. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030537. [PMID: 32110965 PMCID: PMC7139946 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive assessment of the biological aggressiveness of prostate cancer (PCa) is needed for men with localized disease. Hyperpolarized (HP) 13C magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy is a powerful approach to image metabolism, specifically the conversion of HP [1-13C]pyruvate to [1-13C]lactate, catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Significant increase in tumor lactate was measured in high-grade PCa relative to benign and low-grade cancer, suggesting that HP 13C MR could distinguish low-risk (Gleason score ≤3 + 4) from high-risk (Gleason score ≥4 + 3) PCa. To test this and the ability of HP 13C MR to detect these metabolic changes, we cultured prostate tissues in an MR-compatible bioreactor under continuous perfusion. 31P spectra demonstrated good viability and dynamic HP 13C-pyruvate MR demonstrated that high-grade PCa had significantly increased lactate efflux compared to low-grade PCa and benign prostate tissue. These metabolic differences are attributed to significantly increased LDHA expression and LDH activity, as well as significantly increased monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) expression in high- versus low- grade PCa. Moreover, lactate efflux, LDH activity, and MCT4 expression were not different between low-grade PCa and benign prostate tissues, indicating that these metabolic alterations are specific for high-grade disease. These distinctive metabolic alterations can be used to differentiate high-grade PCa from low-grade PCa and benign prostate tissues using clinically translatable HP [1-13C]pyruvate MR.
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81
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Chen ZX, Liu MD, Guo DK, Zou MZ, Wang SB, Cheng H, Zhong Z, Zhang XZ. A MSN-based tumor-targeted nanoplatform to interfere with lactate metabolism to induce tumor cell acidosis for tumor suppression and anti-metastasis. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:2966-2972. [PMID: 31971210 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lactate, the main contributor to the acidic tumor microenvironment, not only promotes the proliferation of tumor cells, but also closely relates to tumor invasion and metastasis. Here, a tumor targeting nanoplatform, designated as Me&Flu@MSN@MnO2-FA, was fabricated for effective tumor suppression and anti-metastasis by interfering with lactate metabolism of tumor cells. Metformin (Me) and fluvastatin sodium (Flu) were incorporated into MnO2-coated mesoporous silicon nanoparticles (MSNs), the synergism between Me and Flu can modulate the pyruvate metabolic pathway to produce more lactate, and concurrently inhibit lactate efflux to induce intracellular acidosis to kill tumor cells. As a result of the restricted lactate efflux, the extracellular lactate concentration is reduced, and the ability of the tumor cells to migrate is also weakened. This ingenious strategy based on Me&Flu@MSN@MnO2-FA showed an obvious inhibitory effect on tumor growth and resistance to metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Xia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Miao-Deng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Deng-Ke Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Mei-Zhen Zou
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Shi-Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Han Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenlin Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
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82
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Commisso C. The pervasiveness of macropinocytosis in oncological malignancies. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 374:20180153. [PMID: 30967003 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In tumour cells, macropinocytosis functions as an amino acid supply route and supports cancer cell survival and proliferation. Initially demonstrated in oncogenic KRAS-driven models of pancreatic cancer, macropinocytosis triggers the internalization of extracellular proteins via discrete endocytic vesicles called macropinosomes. The incoming protein cargo is targeted for lysosome-dependent degradation, causing the intracellular release of amino acids. These protein-derived amino acids support metabolic fitness by contributing to the intracellular amino acid pools, as well as to the biosynthesis of central carbon metabolites. In this way, macropinocytosis represents a novel amino acid supply route that tumour cells use to survive the nutrient-poor conditions of the tumour microenvironment. Macropinocytosis has also emerged as an entry mechanism for a variety of nanomedicines, suggesting that macropinocytosis regulation in the tumour setting can be harnessed for the delivery of anti-cancer therapeutics. A slew of recent studies point to the possibility that macropinocytosis is a pervasive feature of many different tumour types. In this review, we focus on the role of this important uptake mechanism in a variety of cancers and highlight the main molecular drivers of macropinocytosis in these malignancies. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Macropinocytosis'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Commisso
- Tumor Initiation and Maintenance Program, NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute , La Jolla, CA 92037 , USA
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83
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SLMP53-1 Inhibits Tumor Cell Growth through Regulation of Glucose Metabolism and Angiogenesis in a P53-Dependent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020596. [PMID: 31963392 PMCID: PMC7013701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Warburg effect is an emerging hallmark of cancer, which has the tumor suppressor p53 as its major regulator. Herein, we unveiled that p53 activation by (S)-tryptophanol-derived oxazoloisoindolinone (SLMP53-1) mediated the reprograming of glucose metabolism in cancer cells and xenograft human tumor tissue, interfering with angiogenesis and migration. Particularly, we showed that SLMP53-1 regulated glycolysis by downregulating glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), hexokinase-2 (HK2), and phosphofructokinase-2 isoform 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase-3 (PFKFB3) (key glycolytic enzymes), while upregulating the mitochondrial markers synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 2 (SCO2), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 (COX4), and OXPHOS mitochondrial complexes. SLMP53-1 also downregulated the monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4), causing the subsequent reduction of lactate export by cancer cells. Besides the acidification of the extracellular environment, SLMP53-1 further increased E-cadherin and reduced metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression levels in both cancer cells and xenograft human tumor tissue, which suggested the interference of SLMP53-1 in extracellular matrix remodeling and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Consistently, SLMP53-1 depleted angiogenesis, decreasing endothelial cell tube formation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression levels. SLMP53-1 also exhibited synergistic growth inhibitory activity in combination with the metabolic modulator dichloroacetic acid. These data reinforce the promising application of the p53-activating agent SLMP53-1 in cancer therapy, by targeting p53-mediated pathways of growth and dissemination.
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84
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Serpa J. Metabolic Remodeling as a Way of Adapting to Tumor Microenvironment (TME), a Job of Several Holders. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1219:1-34. [PMID: 32130691 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34025-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The microenvironment depends and generates dependence on all the cells and structures that share the same niche, the biotope. The contemporaneous view of the tumor microenvironment (TME) agrees with this idea. The cells that make up the tumor, whether malignant or not, behave similarly to classes of elements within a living community. These elements inhabit, modify and benefit from all the facilities the microenvironment has to offer and that will contribute to the survival and growth of the tumor and the progression of the disease.The metabolic adaptation to microenvironment is a crucial process conducting to an established tumor able to grow locally, invade and metastasized. The metastatic cancer cells are reasonable more plastic than non-metastatic cancer cells, because the previous ones must survive in the microenvironment where the primary tumor develops and in addition, they must prosper in the microenvironment in the metastasized organ.The metabolic remodeling requires not only the adjustment of metabolic pathways per se but also the readjustment of signaling pathways that will receive and obey to the extracellular instructions, commanding the metabolic adaptation. Many diverse players are pivotal in cancer metabolic fitness from the initial signaling stimuli, going through the activation or repression of genes, until the phenotype display. The new phenotype will permit the import and consumption of organic compounds, useful for energy and biomass production, and the export of metabolic products that are useless or must be secreted for a further recycling or controlled uptake. In the metabolic network, three subsets of players are pivotal: (1) the organic compounds; (2) the transmembrane transporters, and (3) the enzymes.This chapter will present the "Pharaonic" intent of diagraming the interplay between these three elements in an attempt of simplifying and, at the same time, of showing the complex sight of cancer metabolism, addressing the orchestrating role of microenvironment and highlighting the influence of non-cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisbon, Portugal.
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85
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Metabolic heterogeneity confers differences in melanoma metastatic potential. Nature 2020; 577:115-120. [PMID: 31853067 PMCID: PMC6930341 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1847-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis requires cancer cells to undergo metabolic changes that are poorly understood1-3. Here we show that metabolic differences among melanoma cells confer differences in metastatic potential as a result of differences in the function of the MCT1 transporter. In vivo isotope tracing analysis in patient-derived xenografts revealed differences in nutrient handling between efficiently and inefficiently metastasizing melanomas, with circulating lactate being a more prominent source of tumour lactate in efficient metastasizers. Efficient metastasizers had higher levels of MCT1, and inhibition of MCT1 reduced lactate uptake. MCT1 inhibition had little effect on the growth of primary subcutaneous tumours, but resulted in depletion of circulating melanoma cells and reduced the metastatic disease burden in patient-derived xenografts and in mouse melanomas. In addition, inhibition of MCT1 suppressed the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway and increased levels of reactive oxygen species. Antioxidants blocked the effects of MCT1 inhibition on metastasis. MCT1high and MCT1-/low cells from the same melanomas had similar capacities to form subcutaneous tumours, but MCT1high cells formed more metastases after intravenous injection. Metabolic differences among cancer cells thus confer differences in metastatic potential as metastasizing cells depend on MCT1 to manage oxidative stress.
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86
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Gándara L, Durrieu L, Behrensen C, Wappner P. A genetic toolkit for the analysis of metabolic changes in Drosophila provides new insights into metabolic responses to stress and malignant transformation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19945. [PMID: 31882718 PMCID: PMC6934733 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56446-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of the energetic metabolism occurs fundamentally at the cellular level, so analytical strategies must aim to attain single cell resolution to fully embrace its inherent complexity. We have developed methods to utilize a toolset of metabolic FRET sensors for assessing lactate, pyruvate and 2-oxoglutarate levels of Drosophila tissues in vivo by imaging techniques. We show here how the energetic metabolism is altered by hypoxia: While some larval tissues respond to low oxygen levels by executing a metabolic switch towards lactic fermentation, the fat body and salivary glands do not alter their energetic metabolism. Analysis of tumor metabolism revealed that depending on the genetic background, some tumors undergo a lactogenic switch typical of the Warburg effect, while other tumors do not. This toolset allows for developmental and physiologic studies in genetically manipulated Drosophila individuals in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gándara
- Instituto Leloir, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Durrieu
- Instituto Leloir, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular, y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Behrensen
- Instituto Leloir, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P Wappner
- Instituto Leloir, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular, y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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87
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Benjamin D, Robay D, Hindupur SK, Pohlmann J, Colombi M, El-Shemerly MY, Maira SM, Moroni C, Lane HA, Hall MN. Dual Inhibition of the Lactate Transporters MCT1 and MCT4 Is Synthetic Lethal with Metformin due to NAD+ Depletion in Cancer Cells. Cell Rep 2019; 25:3047-3058.e4. [PMID: 30540938 PMCID: PMC6302548 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly glycolytic cancer cells prevent intracellular acidification by excreting the glycolytic end-products lactate and H+ via the monocarboxylate transporters 1 (MCT1) and 4 (MCT4). We report that syrosingopine, an anti-hypertensive drug, is a dual MCT1 and MCT4 inhibitor (with 60-fold higher potency on MCT4) that prevents lactate and H+ efflux. Syrosingopine elicits synthetic lethality with metformin, an inhibitor of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase. NAD+, required for the ATP-generating steps of glycolysis, is regenerated from NADH by mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase or lactate dehydrogenase. Syrosingopine treatment leads to high intracellular lactate levels and thereby end-product inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase. The loss of NAD+ regeneration capacity due to combined metformin and syrosingopine treatment results in glycolytic blockade, leading to ATP depletion and cell death. Accordingly, ATP levels can be partly restored by exogenously provided NAD+, the NAD precursor nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), or vitamin K2. Thus, pharmacological inhibition of MCT1 and MCT4 combined with metformin treatment is a potential cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Benjamin
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dimitri Robay
- Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd. AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jens Pohlmann
- Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd. AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marco Colombi
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Heidi A Lane
- Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd. AG, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Michael N Hall
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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88
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Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is predicted to become the second leading cause of death of patients with malignant cancers by 2030. Current options of PDAC treatment are limited and the five-year survival rate is less than 8%, leading to an urgent need to explore innovatively therapeutic strategies. PDAC cells exhibit extensively reprogrammed metabolism to meet their energetic and biomass demands under extremely harsh conditions. The metabolic changes are closely linked to signaling triggered by activation of oncogenes like KRAS as well as inactivation of tumor suppressors. Furthermore, tumor microenvironmental factors including extensive desmoplastic stroma reaction result in series of metabolism remodeling to facilitate PDAC development. In this review, we focus on the dysregulation of metabolism in PDAC and its surrounding microenvironment to explore potential metabolic targets in PDAC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tao Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ping Wang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Yin
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun-Ying Lei
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.,Lead Contact
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89
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de la Cruz-López KG, Castro-Muñoz LJ, Reyes-Hernández DO, García-Carrancá A, Manzo-Merino J. Lactate in the Regulation of Tumor Microenvironment and Therapeutic Approaches. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1143. [PMID: 31737570 PMCID: PMC6839026 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 473] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells must generate sufficient ATP and biosynthetic precursors in order to maintain cell proliferation requirements. Otto Warburg showed that tumor cells uptake high amounts of glucose producing large volumes of lactate even in the presence of oxygen, this process is known as “Warburg effect or aerobic glycolysis.” As a consequence of such amounts of lactate there is an acidification of the extracellular pH in tumor microenvironment, ranging between 6.0 and 6.5. This acidosis favors processes such as metastasis, angiogenesis and more importantly, immunosuppression, which has been associated to a worse clinical prognosis. Thus, lactate should be thought as an important oncometabolite in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer. In this review, we summarized the role of lactate in regulating metabolic microenvironment of cancer and discuss its relevance in the up-regulation of the enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and monocarboxilate transporters (MCTs) in tumors. The goal of this review is to expose that lactate is not only a secondary product of cellular metabolic waste of tumor cells, but also a key molecule involved in carcinogenesis as well as in tumor immune evasion. Finally, the possible targeting of lactate production in cancer treatment is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen G de la Cruz-López
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico.,Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratory of Virus and Cancer, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leonardo Josué Castro-Muñoz
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico.,Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diego O Reyes-Hernández
- Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, Maestría en Investigación Clínica Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.,Biological Cancer Causing Agents Group, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro García-Carrancá
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratory of Virus and Cancer, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Manzo-Merino
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Biological Cancer Causing Agents Group, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico.,Cátedras CONACyT-Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
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90
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Yan L, Raj P, Yao W, Ying H. Glucose Metabolism in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101460. [PMID: 31569510 PMCID: PMC6826406 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive and lethal cancers, with a five-year survival rate of around 5% to 8%. To date, very few available drugs have been successfully used to treat PDAC due to the poor understanding of the tumor-specific features. One of the hallmarks of pancreatic cancer cells is the deregulated cellular energetics characterized by the “Warburg effect”. It has been known for decades that cancer cells have a dramatically increased glycolytic flux even in the presence of oxygen and normal mitochondrial function. Glycolytic flux is the central carbon metabolism process in all cells, which not only produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP) but also provides biomass for anabolic processes that support cell proliferation. Expression levels of glucose transporters and rate-limiting enzymes regulate the rate of glycolytic flux. Intermediates that branch out from glycolysis are responsible for redox homeostasis, glycosylation, and biosynthesis. Beyond enhanced glycolytic flux, pancreatic cancer cells activate nutrient salvage pathways, which includes autophagy and micropinocytosis, from which the generated sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids are used to buffer the stresses induced by nutrient deprivation. Further, PDAC is characterized by extensive metabolic crosstalk between tumor cells and cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this review, we will give an overview on recent progresses made in understanding glucose metabolism-related deregulations in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Priyank Raj
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Wantong Yao
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Haoqiang Ying
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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91
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Dhar D, Raina K, Kant R, Wempe MF, Serkova NJ, Agarwal C, Agarwal R. Bitter melon juice-intake modulates glucose metabolism and lactate efflux in tumors in its efficacy against pancreatic cancer. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:1164-1176. [PMID: 31194859 PMCID: PMC7384253 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The established role of bitter melon juice (BMJ), a natural product, in activating master metabolic regulator adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in pancreatic cancer (PanC) cells served as a basis for pursuing deeper investigation into the underlying metabolic alterations leading to BMJ efficacy in PanC. We investigated the comparative metabolic profiles of PanC cells with differential KRAS mutational status on BMJ exposure. Specifically, we employed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics and in vivo imaging platforms to understand the relevance of altered metabolism in PanC management by BMJ. Multinuclear NMR metabolomics was performed, as a function of time, post-BMJ treatment followed by partial least square discriminant analysis assessments on the quantitative metabolic data sets to visualize the treatment group clustering; altered glucose uptake, lactate export and energy state were identified as the key components responsible for cell death induction. We next employed PANC1 xenograft model for assessing in vivo BMJ efficacy against PanC. Positron emission tomography ([18FDG]-PET) and magnetic resonance imaging on PANC1 tumor-bearing animals reiterated the in vitro results, with BMJ-associated significant changes in tumor volumes, tumor cellularity and glucose uptake. Additional studies in BMJ-treated PanC cells and xenografts displayed a strong decrease in the expression of glucose and lactate transporters GLUT1 and MCT4, respectively, supporting their role in metabolic changes by BMJ. Collectively, these results highlight BMJ-induced modification in PanC metabolomics phenotype and establish primarily lactate efflux and glucose metabolism, specifically GLUT1 and MCT4 transporters, as the potential metabolic targets underlying BMJ efficacy in PanC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepanshi Dhar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Rama Kant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael F Wempe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Natalie J Serkova
- Department of Radiology, Animal Imaging Shared Resources, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Chapla Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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92
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Karasinska JM, Topham JT, Kalloger SE, Jang GH, Denroche RE, Culibrk L, Williamson LM, Wong HL, Lee MKC, O'Kane GM, Moore RA, Mungall AJ, Moore MJ, Warren C, Metcalfe A, Notta F, Knox JJ, Gallinger S, Laskin J, Marra MA, Jones SJM, Renouf DJ, Schaeffer DF. Altered Gene Expression along the Glycolysis-Cholesterol Synthesis Axis Is Associated with Outcome in Pancreatic Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 26:135-146. [PMID: 31481506 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-1543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Identification of clinically actionable molecular subtypes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is key to improving patient outcome. Intertumoral metabolic heterogeneity contributes to cancer survival and the balance between distinct metabolic pathways may influence PDAC outcome. We hypothesized that PDAC can be stratified into prognostic metabolic subgroups based on alterations in the expression of genes involved in glycolysis and cholesterol synthesis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed bioinformatics analysis of genomic, transcriptomic, and clinical data in an integrated cohort of 325 resectable and nonresectable PDAC. The resectable datasets included retrospective The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohorts. The nonresectable PDAC cohort studies included prospective COMPASS, PanGen, and BC Cancer Personalized OncoGenomics program (POG). RESULTS On the basis of the median normalized expression of glycolytic and cholesterogenic genes, four subgroups were identified: quiescent, glycolytic, cholesterogenic, and mixed. Glycolytic tumors were associated with the shortest median survival in resectable (log-rank test P = 0.018) and metastatic settings (log-rank test P = 0.027). Patients with cholesterogenic tumors had the longest median survival. KRAS and MYC-amplified tumors had higher expression of glycolytic genes than tumors with normal or lost copies of the oncogenes (Wilcoxon rank sum test P = 0.015). Glycolytic tumors had the lowest expression of mitochondrial pyruvate carriers MPC1 and MPC2. Glycolytic and cholesterogenic gene expression correlated with the expression of prognostic PDAC subtype classifier genes. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic classification specific to glycolytic and cholesterogenic pathways provides novel biological insight into previously established PDAC subtypes and may help develop personalized therapies targeting unique tumor metabolic profiles.See related commentary by Mehla and Singh, p. 6.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Steve E Kalloger
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gun Ho Jang
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Luka Culibrk
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Laura M Williamson
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hui-Li Wong
- Division of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael K C Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Grainne M O'Kane
- University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard A Moore
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew J Mungall
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Malcolm J Moore
- Division of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cassia Warren
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Faiyaz Notta
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer J Knox
- University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Janessa Laskin
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marco A Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daniel J Renouf
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David F Schaeffer
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Anatomic Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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93
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Expression of Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 Is Associated With Better Prognosis and Reduced Nodal Metastasis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Pancreas 2019; 48:1102-1110. [PMID: 31404019 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Because lactate is believed to support tumor growth, monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), which transport lactate, have been investigated in multiple tumors. However, the significance of MCTs in pancreatic cancer is unclear. METHODS A retrospective survey was conducted on 240 patients who underwent surgical resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma without preoperative treatment. The expression of MCT1, MCT2, MCT3, MCT4, and the glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) was assessed in tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) by tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry. The impact of their expression on patient outcome and clinicopathological characteristics was also analyzed. RESULTS In tumor cells, MCT1, MCT2, MCT3, MCT4, and GLUT1 were detected in 52 (22%), 31 (13%), 149 (62%), 204 (85%), and 235 (98%) cases, respectively. In CAFs, MCT2, MCT4, and GLUT1 were detected in 9 (3.8%), 178 (74%), and 36 (15%) cases, respectively. In tumor cells, MCT1 expression was associated with extended overall and progression-free survival and decreased nodal metastasis. Conversely, MCT4 expression in CAFs was associated with shortened survival. CONCLUSIONS In tumor cells, MCT1 expression is associated with better prognosis and reduced nodal metastasis in pancreatic cancer, contrary to findings of past in vitro studies. Conversely, MCT4 expression in CAFs is indicative of worse prognosis.
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94
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Javaeed A, Ghauri SK. MCT4 has a potential to be used as a prognostic biomarker - a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncol Rev 2019; 13:403. [PMID: 31410246 PMCID: PMC6661531 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2019.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of several metabolic changes, such as hypoxia and acidosis, in the tumour environment has caught the attention of researchers in cancer progression and invasion. Lactate transport is one of the acidosis-enhancing processes that are mediated via monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the expression of two cancer-relevant MCTs (MCT1 and MCT4) and their potential prognostic significance in patients with metastasis of different types of cancer. Studies were included if they reported the number of metastatic tissue samples expressing either low or high levels of MCT1 and/or MCT4 or those revealing the hazard ratios (HRs) of the overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS) as prognostic indicators. During the period between 2010 and 2018, a total of 20 articles including 3831 patients (56.3% males) were identified. There was a significant association between MCT4 expression (high versus low) and lymph node metastasis [odds ratio (OR)=1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.10-3.17, P=0.02] and distant metastasis (OR=2.18, 95%CI=1.65-2.86, P<0.001) and the correlation remained significant for colorectal and hepatic cancer in subgroup analysis. For survival analysis, patients with shorter OS periods exhibited a higher MCT4 expression [hazard ratio (HR)=1.78, 95%CI=1.49-2.13, P<0.001], while DFS was shorter in patients with high MCT1 (HR=1.48, 95%CI=1.04-2.10, P=0.03) and MCT4 expression (HR=1.70, 95%CI=1.19-2.42, P=0.003) when compared to their counterparts with low expression levels. Future research studies should consider the pharmacologic inhibition of MCT4 to effectively inhibit cancer progression to metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanniya Khan Ghauri
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
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95
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Choi SH, Kim MY, Yoon YS, Koh DI, Kim MK, Cho SY, Kim KS, Hur MW. Hypoxia-induced RelA/p65 derepresses SLC16A3 (MCT4) by downregulating ZBTB7A. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2019; 1862:771-785. [PMID: 31271899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Overexpressed Solute Carrier Family 16 Member 3 (SLC16A3, also called MCT4) plays a critical role in hypoxic cancer cell growth and proliferation, by expelling glycolysis-derived lactate across the plasma membrane. However, how SLC16A3 expression is regulated, under hypoxic conditions, is poorly understood. FBI-1, encoded by ZBTB7A, is a proto-oncoprotein. Interestingly, under hypoxic conditions, expression of SLC16A3, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), increased gradually, while FBI-1 expression decreased, suggesting a negative correlation between SLC16A3/HIF-1 and FBI-1 expression. Consequently, we hypothesized that FBI-1 might regulate SLC16A3 and/or HIF-1 expression. Transient transfection and transcription assays of SLC16A3 promoter reporter fusion constructs, oligonucleotide-pulldowns, and ChIP assays, showed that HIF-1α activates SLC16A3 by binding to a hypoxia-response element (HRE), while ectopic FBI-1 potently repressed SLC16A3, by binding to both FBI-1-response elements (FREs) and HREs, during hypoxia. Further evidence for this model was downregulation of ZBTB7A, correlated with SLC16A3 upregulation, in hypoxic colon cancer cells. We also investigated how FBI-1 expression is downregulated during hypoxia. The 5'-upstream regulatory region of ZBTB7A contains two NF-κB-binding sites and two HREs. Interestingly, hypoxia activated NF-κB (RelA/p65) and also increased its nuclear translocation. NF-κB repressed ZBTB7A by binding NF-κB-binding elements, and downregulated the repressor FBI-1, thereby increasing SLC16A3 transcription. While transcriptional repression of SLC16A3 by FBI-1 inhibited lactate efflux, repression of ZBTB7A and activation of lactate efflux by NF-κB, increased colon cancer cell growth and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Hyun Choi
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Young Kim
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-So Yoon
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-In Koh
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyeong Kim
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Cho
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sup Kim
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Wook Hur
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Severance Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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96
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Yao L, Wang L, Cao ZG, Hu X, Shao ZM. High expression of metabolic enzyme PFKFB4 is associated with poor prognosis of operable breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:165. [PMID: 31244553 PMCID: PMC6582605 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0882-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enhanced glycolysis in tumors, known as the Warburg effect, provides the metabolic basis of enhanced cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. The Warburg pathway enzyme 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 4 (PFKFB4) is a newly identified key kinase that regulates transcriptional reprogramming and cell proliferation. Here we show the prognostic value of PFKFB4 expression in patients with operable breast cancer. Methods PFKFB4 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in surgical specimens retrospectively collected from 200 patients with histologically proven invasive ductal breast cancer. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis were performed to assess the prognostic significance of PFKFB4 expression. Results Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that breast cancer patients with high PFKFB4 expression demonstrated unfavorable disease-free survival (p = 0.008) and overall survival (p = 0.002). PFKFB4 had an hazard ratio (HR) of 7.38 (95% CI 1.69-32.3; p = 0.008) in univariate Cox analysis and retained prognostic power (HR 7.44, 95% CI 1.67-33.2; p = 0.009) when adjusted by tumor size, lymph node status, grade, estrogen receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status and subtype, which indicated PFKFB4 was an independent prognostic factor in breast cancer. Conclusions Together, our findings establish the prognostic value of metabolic enzyme PFKFB4 in patients with operable breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yao
- 1Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 Dong-An Rd., Shanghai, 200032 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,3Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- 1Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 Dong-An Rd., Shanghai, 200032 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,3Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Gang Cao
- 1Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 Dong-An Rd., Shanghai, 200032 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,3Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Hu
- 1Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 Dong-An Rd., Shanghai, 200032 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,3Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- 1Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, 270 Dong-An Rd., Shanghai, 200032 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,3Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,4Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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97
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Schwörer S, Vardhana SA, Thompson CB. Cancer Metabolism Drives a Stromal Regenerative Response. Cell Metab 2019; 29:576-591. [PMID: 30773467 PMCID: PMC6692899 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic reprogramming associated with malignant transformation has led to a growing appreciation of the nutrients required to support anabolic cell growth. Less well studied is how cancer cells satisfy those demands in vivo, where they are dispersed within a complex microenvironment. Tumor-associated stromal components can support tumor growth by providing nutrients that supplement those provided by the local vasculature. These non-malignant stromal cells are phenotypically similar to those that accumulate during wound healing. Owing to their immediate proximity, stromal cells are inevitably affected by the metabolic activity of their cancerous neighbors. Until recently, a role for tumor cell metabolism in influencing the cell fate decisions of neighboring stromal cells has been underappreciated. Here, we propose that metabolites consumed and released by tumor cells act as paracrine factors that regulate the non-malignant cellular composition of a developing tumor by driving stromal cells toward a regenerative response that supports tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Schwörer
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Santosha A Vardhana
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Craig B Thompson
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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98
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Follia L, Ferrero G, Mandili G, Beccuti M, Giordano D, Spadi R, Satolli MA, Evangelista A, Katayama H, Hong W, Momin AA, Capello M, Hanash SM, Novelli F, Cordero F. Integrative Analysis of Novel Metabolic Subtypes in Pancreatic Cancer Fosters New Prognostic Biomarkers. Front Oncol 2019; 9:115. [PMID: 30873387 PMCID: PMC6400843 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Most of the patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDA) are not eligible for a curative surgical resection. For this reason there is an urgent need for personalized therapies. PDA is the result of complex interactions between tumor molecular profile and metabolites produced by its microenvironment. Despite recent studies identified PDA molecular subtypes, its metabolic classification is still lacking. Methods: We applied an integrative analysis on transcriptomic and genomic data of glycolytic genes in PDA. Data were collected from public datasets and molecular glycolytic subtypes were defined using hierarchical clustering. The grade of purity of the cancer samples was assessed estimating the different amount of stromal and immunological infiltrate among the identified PDA subtypes. Analyses of metabolomic data from a subset of PDA cell lines allowed us to identify the different metabolites produced by the metabolic subtypes. Sera of a cohort of 31 PDA patients were analyzed using Q-TOF mass spectrometer to measure the amount of metabolic circulating proteins present before and after chemotherapy. Results: Our integrative analysis of glycolytic genes identified two glycolytic and two non-glycolytic metabolic PDA subtypes. Glycolytic patients develop disease earlier, have poor prognosis, low immune-infiltrated tumors, and are characterized by a gain in chr12p13 genomic region. This gain results in the over-expression of GAPDH, TPI1, and FOXM1. PDA cell lines with the gain of chr12p13 are characterized by an higher lipid uptake and sensitivity to drug targeting the fatty acid metabolism. Our sera proteomic analysis confirms that TPI1 serum levels increase in poor prognosis gemcitabine-treated patients. Conclusions: We identify four metabolic PDA subtypes with different prognosis outcomes which may have pivotal role in setting personalized treatments. Moreover, our data suggest TPI1 as putative prognostic PDA biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Follia
- Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulio Ferrero
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Mandili
- Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Beccuti
- Department of Computer Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniele Giordano
- Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosella Spadi
- Centro Oncologico Ematologico Subalpino, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Satolli
- Centro Oncologico Ematologico Subalpino, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Evangelista
- Servizio di Epidemiologia dei Tumori, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Hiroyuki Katayama
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Wang Hong
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Amin A. Momin
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Michela Capello
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Samir M. Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Francesco Novelli
- Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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99
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Dong Y, Eskandari R, Ray C, Granlund KL, Santos-Cunha LD, Miloushev VZ, Tee SS, Jeong S, Aras O, Chen YB, Cheng EH, Hsieh JJ, Keshari KR. Hyperpolarized MRI Visualizes Warburg Effects and Predicts Treatment Response to mTOR Inhibitors in Patient-Derived ccRCC Xenograft Models. Cancer Res 2018; 79:242-250. [PMID: 30459151 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ever-changing tumor microenvironment constantly challenges individual cancer cells to balance supply and demand, presenting tumor vulnerabilities and therapeutic opportunities. Everolimus and temsirolimus are inhibitors of mTOR (mTORi) approved for treating metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, treatment outcome varies greatly among patients. Accordingly, administration of mTORi in mRCC is diminishing, which could potentially result in missing timely delivery of effective treatment for select patients. Here, we implemented a clinically applicable, integrated platform encompassing a single dose of [1-13C] pyruvate to visualize the in vivo effect of mTORi on the conversion of pyruvate to lactate using hyperpolarized MRI. A striking difference that predicts treatment benefit was demonstrated using two preclinical models derived from patients with clear cell RCC (ccRCC) who exhibited primary resistance to VEGFRi and quickly succumbed to their diseases within 6 months after the diagnosis of metastasis without receiving mTORi. Our findings suggest that hyperpolarized MRI could be further developed to personalize kidney cancer treatment. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings demonstrate hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate MRI as a tool for accurately assessing the clinical success of mTOR inhibition in patients with ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Dong
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Roozbeh Eskandari
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Chelsea Ray
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kristin L Granlund
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Lidia Dos Santos-Cunha
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Vesselin Z Miloushev
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sui Seng Tee
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sangmoo Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Omer Aras
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ying-Bei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Emily H Cheng
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - James J Hsieh
- Molecular Oncology, Department of Medicine, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.
| | - Kayvan R Keshari
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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100
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Mehibel M, Ortiz-Martinez F, Voelxen N, Boyers A, Chadwick A, Telfer BA, Mueller-Klieser W, West CM, Critchlow SE, Williams KJ, Stratford IJ. Statin-induced metabolic reprogramming in head and neck cancer: a biomarker for targeting monocarboxylate transporters. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16804. [PMID: 30429503 PMCID: PMC6235971 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Prognosis of HPV negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients remains poor despite surgical and medical advances and inadequacy of predictive and prognostic biomarkers in this type of cancer highlights one of the challenges to successful therapy. Statins, widely used for the treatment of hyperlipidaemia, have been shown to possess anti-tumour effects which were partly attributed to their ability to interfere with metabolic pathways essential in the survival of cancer cells. Here, we have investigated the effect of statins on the metabolic modulation of HNSCC cancers with a vision to predict a personalised anticancer therapy. Although, treatment of tumour-bearing mice with simvastatin did not affect tumour growth, pre-treatment for 2 weeks prior to tumour injection, inhibited tumour growth resulting in strongly increased survival. This was associated with increased expression of the monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) and a significant reduction in tumour lactate content, suggesting a possible reliance of these tumours on oxidative phosphorylation for survival. Since MCT1 is responsible for the uptake of mitochondrial fuels into the cells, we reasoned that inhibiting it would be beneficial. Interestingly, combination of simvastatin with AZD3965 (MCT1 inhibitor) led to further tumour growth delay as compared to monotherapies, without signs of toxicity. In clinical biopsies, prediagnostic statin therapy was associated with a significantly higher MCT1 expression and was not of prognostic value following conventional chemo-radiotherapy. These findings provide a rationale to investigate the clinical effectiveness of MCT1 inhibition in patients with HNSCC who have been taking lipophilic statins prior to diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Mehibel
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Fernando Ortiz-Martinez
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nadine Voelxen
- Institute of Pathophysiology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Amy Boyers
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Amy Chadwick
- Faculty of Biology, Division of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Sciences, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Brian A Telfer
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Wolfgang Mueller-Klieser
- Institute of Pathophysiology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Catharine M West
- Translational Radiation Biology, University of Manchester, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kaye J Williams
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- CRUK-EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre in Cambridge and Manchester, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ian J Stratford
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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