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Krajnak K, Waugh S, Welcome D, Xu XS, Warren C, McKinney W, Dong RG. Effects of whole-body vibration on reproductive physiology in a rat model of whole-body vibration. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2022; 85:953-971. [PMID: 36165131 PMCID: PMC9885295 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2128954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Findings from epidemiological studies suggest that occupational exposure to whole-body vibration (WBV) may increase the risk of miscarriage and contribute to a reduction in fertility rates in both men and women. However, workers exposed to WBV may also be exposed to other risk factors that contribute to reproductive dysfunction. The goal of this experiment was to examine the effects of WBV on reproductive physiology in a rat model. Male and female rats were exposed to WBV at the resonant frequency of the torso (31.5 Hz, 0.3 g amplitude) for 4 hr/day for 10 days. WBV exposure resulted in a significant reduction in number of developing follicles, and decrease in circulating estradiol concentrations, ovarian luteinizing hormone receptor protein levels, and marked changes in transcript levels for several factors involved in follicular development, cell cycle, and steroidogenesis. In males, WBV resulted in a significant reduction in spermatids and circulating prolactin levels, elevation in number of males having higher circulating testosterone concentrations, and marked alterations in levels of transcripts associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and factors involved in regulating the cell cycle. Based upon these findings data indicate that occupational exposure to WBV contributes to adverse alterations in reproductive physiology in both genders that may lead to reduction in fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Krajnak
- Physical Effects Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - S Waugh
- Physical Effects Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - D Welcome
- Physical Effects Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - X S Xu
- Physical Effects Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - C Warren
- Physical Effects Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - W McKinney
- Physical Effects Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - R G Dong
- Physical Effects Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia
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Dadha P, Warren C, Shravan S, Nimmagadda S, Venter C, Kumar P, Gupta R. SPECIFIC FOOD ALLERGENS ASSOCIATED WITH CLINICAL SENSITIZATION AMONG PATIENTS PRESENTING TO HOSPITALS IN HYDERABAD, INDIA. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.08.692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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3
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Yost J, Warren C, Soroka A, McCulloch A, Roach A. UNDERSTANDING COMMUNITY-LEVEL IMPACTS ON FOOD ALLERGY MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOMES VIA A NOVEL COMMUNITY SUPPORT SCALE. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.08.696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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4
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Silva FB, Wang W, Moore C, Warren C, Miketinas D, Tucker W, Davis K. Intervention to Mitigate Food Insecurity among TWU first-year students (Denton campus). J Acad Nutr Diet 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.08.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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5
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Warren C, Nimmagadda S, Samady W, Venter C, Galic I, Hultquist H, Vincent E, Gupta R. P104 CURRENT US PARENT/CAREGIVER KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND BEHAVIORS REGARDING DIETARY INTRODUCTION OF PEANUT PROTEIN DURING INFANCY. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.08.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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6
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Kalloger SE, Karasinska JM, Warren C, Renouf DJ, Schaeffer DF. Advancing the Care of Pancreatic Cancer Patients: Moving Beyond Just Tumour Tissue. Biomark Insights 2021; 16:11772719211049852. [PMID: 34658620 PMCID: PMC8512230 DOI: 10.1177/11772719211049852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biobanking efforts, to establish and grow the pool of available tissue from which evidence on aetiology, therapeutic susceptibility and prognosis of various diseases, have been underway for decades. This is illustrated nowhere better than in cancer. High incidence cancers such as breast, colorectal and lung have seen massive increases in their requisite formularies that have yielded improved prognoses. These discoveries, on a very fundamental level, were made by scientists who had access to tumour tissue and associated clinical data from patient donors. As the research space for higher incidence malignancies became increasingly crowded, attention has turned towards those malignancies with lower incidence. In the same time span, technology has continued to evolve, allowing the next generation of scientists and clinicians to ask more nuanced questions. Inquiries are no longer limited to the -omics of tumour tissue but also include biomarkers of blood and excretory products, concurrent disease status and composition of the gut microbiome. The impact of these new technologies and the questions now facing researchers in low-incidence cancers will be summarized and discussed. Our experience with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma will be used as a model for this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve E Kalloger
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Daniel J Renouf
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David F Schaeffer
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Division of Anatomical Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Fong JN, Miketinas D, Moore L, Everts H, Warren C, Juma S, Patterson M. Precision Nutrition Model Predicts Postprandial Glucose Response Following Potato Intake. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Warren C, Shah T, Wisener J, Gad B, Abdelmalek G, Kahlam A, Sadeghi-Nejad H. 053 Assessment of The Reliability of YouTube Videos Related to Peyronie's Disease as A Patient Education Resource. J Sex Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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9
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Warren C, Chinthrajah S, Newmark P, Herbert L, Fox S, Nadeau K, Sharma H, Assa'ad A, Tobin M, Gupta R. A050 THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 AND DISEASE CONTROL MEASURES ON PEDIATRIC FOOD ALLERGY PARENTS/CAREGIVERS AND PATIENTS. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020. [PMCID: PMC7661913 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Pappalardo A, Warren C, Herbert L, Robinson A, Lombard L, Ramos A, Sharma H, Tobin M, Assa'ad A, Gupta R. P308 CHARACTERIZING FOOD ALLERGY SELF-EFFICACY AMONG PARENTS/CAREGIVERS OF BLACK AND WHITE CHILDREN WITH FOOD ALLERGY. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.08.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Brown D, Negris O, Warren C, Herbert L, Bozen A, Assa'ad A, Mahdavinia M, Tobin M, Sharma H, Gupta R. A043 FOOD ALLERGY-RELATED BULLYING AND SCHOOL POLICY AMONG BLACK AND WHITE CHILDREN IN THE FORWARD STUDY. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Warren C, Fierstein J, Mahdavinia M, Newmark P, Jiang J, Bilaver L, Sharma H, Tobin M, Assa'ad A, Gupta R. A045 PHENOTYPIC DIFFERENCES IN ALLERGY TO MULTIPLE FOODS WITHIN A COHORT OF BLACK AND WHITE CHILDREN. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kalloger SE, Karasinska JM, Keung MS, Thompson DL, Ho J, Chow C, Gao D, Topham JT, Warren C, Wong HL, Lee MKC, Renouf DJ, Schaeffer DF. Stroma vs epithelium-enhanced prognostics through histologic stratification in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2020; 148:481-491. [PMID: 32955725 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The mixture of epithelial and stromal components in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) may confound sequencing-based studies of tumor gene expression. Virtual microdissection has been suggested as a bioinformatics approach to segment the aforementioned components, and subsequent prognostic gene sets have emerged from this research. We examined the prognostic signature from the epithelial gene set of one such study using laser capture microdissected (LCM) epithelial samples. We also examined this gene set in matched stromal samples to determine whether prognostic findings were specific to the epithelium. LCM samples from 48 long-term and 48 short-term PDAC survivors were obtained. The resultant epithelial and stromal components were subjected to direct mRNA quantification using a 49 gene published PDAC classifier. Component-specific unsupervised hierarchical clustering was used to derive groups and survival differences were quantified. Immunohistochemical validation of particular genes was performed in an independent cohort. Clustering in the epithelial component yielded prognostic differences in univariable analysis (P = .02), but those differences were not significant when controlled for other clinicopathologic covariates (P = .06). Clustering in the stromal component yielded prognostic differences that persisted in the presence of other clinicopathologic covariates (P = .0005). Validation of selected genes in the epithelium (KRT6A-negative prognostic [P = .004]) and stroma (LY6D-improved prognostic [P = .01] and CTSV-negative prognostic [P = .0002]) demonstrated statistical independence in multivariable analysis. Although the genes used in this study were originally identified as being representative of the epithelial component of PDAC, their expression in the stroma appears to provide additional information that may aid in improved prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve E Kalloger
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joanna M Karasinska
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Martin S Keung
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Danielle L Thompson
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julie Ho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christine Chow
- Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dongxia Gao
- Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - James T Topham
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cassia Warren
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hui-Li Wong
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael Kuan-Ching Lee
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daniel J Renouf
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David F Schaeffer
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Anatomical Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Warren C, Maraver MJ, de Luca A, Kopp B. P83 The Effect of transcutaneous auricular Vagal Nerve Stimulation (taVNS) on Event-Related Potentials during the Fish-Lake Task. Clin Neurophysiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.12.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the quality of YouTube content focusing on common paediatric otolaryngology procedures, as this content can influence the opinions and medical decisions of patients. METHODS A total of 120 YouTube videos were compiled to review using the terms 'adenoid removal', 'adenoidectomy', 'ear tubes', 'tympanostomy', 'tonsil removal' and 'tonsillectomy'. The Discern criteria was used to rate the quality of health information presented in each video. RESULTS The mean bias Discern score was 3.18 and the mean overall Discern score was 2.39. Videos including US board certified physicians were rated significantly higher (p < 0.001) than videos without (bias Discern score = 3.00 vs 2.38; overall Discern score = 3.79 vs 1.55). The videos had been viewed a total of 176 769 549 times. CONCLUSION Unbiased, high quality videos on YouTube are lacking. As patients may rely on this information when making medical decisions, it is important that practitioners continually evaluate and improve this video content. Otolaryngologists should be prepared to discuss YouTube content with patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ward
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - R Bavier
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - C Warren
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - J Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - B Paskhover
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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Karasinska JM, Topham JT, Kalloger SE, Jang GH, Denroche RE, Culibrk L, Williamson LM, Wong HL, Lee MK, O'Kane GM, Moore RA, Mungall AJ, Moore MJ, Warren C, Metcalfe A, Notta F, Knox JJ, Gallinger S, Laskin J, Marra MA, Jones SJ, Renouf DJ, Schaeffer DF. Abstract A24: Gene expression along the glycolysis-cholesterol synthesis axis and outcome in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.panca19-a24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Reprogramming of metabolic pathways allows cancer cells to survive and thrive in the tumor microenvironment. Glycolysis-inducing factors including oncogenic KRAS mutations, loss of function in TP53 and hypoxia are prevalent in PDAC. Cholesterol and its metabolites support tumor cell growth and the mevalonate pathway, which uses glycolysis products for de novo cholesterol synthesis, has been found to be upregulated in cancer. However, whether intertumoral heterogeneity in these metabolic networks influences outcome in pancreatic cancer has not been well established. We profiled the expression of glycolytic and cholesterogenic genes in 325 resected and metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors and identified four distinct subgroups: quiescent, glycolytic, cholesterogenic, and mixed. Glycolytic tumors were associated with the shortest median survival in resectable and metastatic disease settings. Patients with cholesterogenic tumors had the longest median survival. KRAS and MYC amplified tumors had higher expression of glycolytic genes than tumors with normal or lost copies of these oncogenes. The mitochondrial uptake of pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis, facilitates the generation of acetyl-CoA for cholesterol synthesis. PDAC tumors with a glycolytic gene signature had the lowest expression of mitochondrial pyruvate carriers MPC1 and MPC2. Glycolytic and cholesterogenic gene expression correlated with the expression of reported prognostic PDAC subtype classifier genes. Our results indicate that PDAC tumors have unique metabolic profiles that influence disease outcome and provide functional correlate to previously identified subtypes. The findings also raise the possibility of a shift in balance between the glycolytic and cholesterogenic pathways as a factor in PDAC progression and a potential target for therapy.
Citation Format: Joanna M. Karasinska, James T. Topham, Steve E. Kalloger, Gun Ho Jang, Robert E. Denroche, Luka Culibrk, Laura M. Williamson, Hui-li Wong, Michael K.C. Lee, Grainne M. O'Kane, Richard A. Moore, Andrew J. Mungall, Malcolm J. Moore, Cassia Warren, Andrew Metcalfe, Faiyaz Notta, Jennifer J. Knox, Steven Gallinger, Janessa Laskin, Marco A. Marra, Steven J.M. Jones, Daniel J. Renouf, David F. Schaeffer. Gene expression along the glycolysis-cholesterol synthesis axis and outcome in pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Science and Clinical Care; 2019 Sept 6-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(24 Suppl):Abstract nr A24.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gun Ho Jang
- 2Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada,
| | | | - Luka Culibrk
- 3Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada,
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard A. Moore
- 3Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada,
| | - Andrew J. Mungall
- 3Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada,
| | | | | | | | - Faiyaz Notta
- 2Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada,
| | | | | | | | - Marco A. Marra
- 3Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada,
| | - Steven J.M. Jones
- 3Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada,
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Jiang J, Bilaver L, Warren C, Fierstein J, Newmark P, Bozen A, Chadha A, Negris O, Pongracic J, Gupta R, Catlin P, Chura A, Assa'ad A, Andy-Nweye A, Fox S, Mahdavinia M, Tobin M, Robinson A, Abdikarim I, Coleman A, Sharma H. A305 DIFFERENCES IN FOOD ALLERGY KNOWLEDGE BETWEEN BLACK AND WHITE PARENTS IN THE FORWARD STUDY. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2019.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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18
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Wang H, Warren C, Gupta R, Davis C. P300 A COMPARISON OF CRUSTACEAN AND MOLLUSK ALLERGY IN THE PEDIATRIC POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2019.08.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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19
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Tobin M, Fox S, Mahdavinia M, Andy_Nweye B, Abdikarim I, Robinson A, Coleman A, Sharma H, fierstein J, Jiang J, Newmark P, Bilaver L, Bozen A, Chadha A, Warren C, Pongracic J, Negris O, Catlin P, chura A, Assa'ad A, Gupta R. P309 FORWARD STUDY REPORTS ALMOST 100 % OF CHILDREN WITH FOOD ALLERGIES HAD FILLED EPINEPHRINE PRESCRIPTIONS. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2019.08.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Warren C, Dyer A, Lombard L, Gupta R. P317 THE PSYCHOSOCIAL BURDEN OF FOOD ALLERGY AMONG US ADULTS: A POPULATION-BASED SURVEY. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2019.08.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Davis K, Brown C, Mitchell A, Massey-Stokes M, Warren C, Kaluva M, Habiba N. The Baby Bites Texting Project: Development of a Pilot Program to Prevent Early Pediatric Obesity. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.08.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Karasinska JM, Topham JT, Kalloger SE, Jang GH, Denroche RE, Culibrk L, Williamson LM, Wong HL, Lee MKC, O'Kane GM, Moore RA, Mungall AJ, Moore MJ, Warren C, Metcalfe A, Notta F, Knox JJ, Gallinger S, Laskin J, Marra MA, Jones SJM, Renouf DJ, Schaeffer DF. Altered Gene Expression along the Glycolysis-Cholesterol Synthesis Axis Is Associated with Outcome in Pancreatic Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 26:135-146. [PMID: 31481506 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-1543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Identification of clinically actionable molecular subtypes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is key to improving patient outcome. Intertumoral metabolic heterogeneity contributes to cancer survival and the balance between distinct metabolic pathways may influence PDAC outcome. We hypothesized that PDAC can be stratified into prognostic metabolic subgroups based on alterations in the expression of genes involved in glycolysis and cholesterol synthesis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed bioinformatics analysis of genomic, transcriptomic, and clinical data in an integrated cohort of 325 resectable and nonresectable PDAC. The resectable datasets included retrospective The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohorts. The nonresectable PDAC cohort studies included prospective COMPASS, PanGen, and BC Cancer Personalized OncoGenomics program (POG). RESULTS On the basis of the median normalized expression of glycolytic and cholesterogenic genes, four subgroups were identified: quiescent, glycolytic, cholesterogenic, and mixed. Glycolytic tumors were associated with the shortest median survival in resectable (log-rank test P = 0.018) and metastatic settings (log-rank test P = 0.027). Patients with cholesterogenic tumors had the longest median survival. KRAS and MYC-amplified tumors had higher expression of glycolytic genes than tumors with normal or lost copies of the oncogenes (Wilcoxon rank sum test P = 0.015). Glycolytic tumors had the lowest expression of mitochondrial pyruvate carriers MPC1 and MPC2. Glycolytic and cholesterogenic gene expression correlated with the expression of prognostic PDAC subtype classifier genes. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic classification specific to glycolytic and cholesterogenic pathways provides novel biological insight into previously established PDAC subtypes and may help develop personalized therapies targeting unique tumor metabolic profiles.See related commentary by Mehla and Singh, p. 6.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Steve E Kalloger
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gun Ho Jang
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Luka Culibrk
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Laura M Williamson
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hui-Li Wong
- Division of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael K C Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Grainne M O'Kane
- University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard A Moore
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew J Mungall
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Malcolm J Moore
- Division of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cassia Warren
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Faiyaz Notta
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer J Knox
- University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Janessa Laskin
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marco A Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daniel J Renouf
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David F Schaeffer
- Pancreas Centre BC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Anatomic Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Farid Y, Schneider S, Warren C, Vij A. 866 Patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and aplastic anemia presenting with progressive purpuric nodules. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jiang J, Bushara O, Ponczek J, Warren C, Blumenstock J, Smith B, Gupta R. UPDATED PEDIATRIC PEANUT ALLERGY PREVALENCE IN THE UNITED STATES. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Samady W, Das R, Ross J, Warren C, Jiang J, Smith B, Gupta R. EGG ALLERGY IN US CHILDREN. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.09.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Dodds RM, Davies K, Granic A, Hollingsworth KG, Warren C, Gorman G, Turnbull DM, Sayer AA. Mitochondrial respiratory chain function and content are preserved in the skeletal muscle of active very old men and women. Exp Gerontol 2018; 113:80-85. [PMID: 30266472 PMCID: PMC6224654 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The loss of mitochondrial function and content have been implicated in sarcopenia although they have been little studied in the very old, the group in which sarcopenia is most common. In this pilot study, our aim was to determine if mitochondrial respiratory chain function and content are preserved among healthy 85-year-olds. Methods We recruited 19 participants (11 female) through their general practitioner and assessed their medical history, functional status and self-reported physical activity. We identified sarcopenia using grip strength, Timed Up-and-Go and bioimpedance analysis. We assessed mitochondrial respiratory chain function using phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy, estimating τ1/2 PCr, the recovery half-time of phosphocreatine in the calf muscles following a bout of aerobic exercise. We performed a biopsy of the vastus lateralis muscle and assessed mitochondrial respiratory chain content by measuring levels of subunits of complex I and IV of the respiratory chain, expressed as Z-scores relative to that in young controls. Results Participants had a median (IQR) of 2 (1,3) long-term conditions, reported regular aerobic physical activity, and one participant (5.3%) had sarcopenia. Sixteen participants completed the magnetic resonance protocol and the mean (SD) τ1/2 PCr of 35.6 (11.3) seconds was in keeping with preserved mitochondrial function. Seven participants underwent muscle biopsy and the mean fibre Z-scores were −0.7 (0.7) and −0.2 (0.4) for complexes I and IV, respectively, suggesting preserved content of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes. Conclusion Muscle mitochondrial respiratory chain function and content are preserved in a sample of active, well-functioning 85-year-olds, among whom sarcopenia was uncommon. The results from this study will help inform future work examining the association between muscle mitochondrial deficiency and sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Dodds
- AGE Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Academic Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - K Davies
- AGE Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - A Granic
- AGE Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - K G Hollingsworth
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - C Warren
- Newcastle University Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - G Gorman
- Newcastle University Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - D M Turnbull
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Newcastle University Centre for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - A A Sayer
- AGE Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Academic Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Percussive riveting is the primary process for attaching the outer sheet metal "skins" of an aircraft to its airframe. Workers using manually-operated riveting tools (riveting hammers and rivet bucking bars) are exposed to significant levels of hand-transmitted vibration (HTV) and are at risk of developing components of hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). To protect workers, employers can assess and select riveting tools that produce reduced HTV exposures. Researchers at the National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health (NIOSH) have developed a laboratory-based apparatus and methodology to evaluate the vibrations of rivet bucking bars. Using this simulated riveting approach, this study investigated the effects of feed force on the vibrations of several typical rivet bucking bars and that transmitted to the bucking bar operator's wrist. Five bucking bar models were assessed under three levels of feed force. The study results demonstrate that the feed force can be a major influencing factor on bucking bar vibrations. Similar feed force effects were observed at the bucking bar operator's wrist. This study also shows that different bucking bar designs will respond differently to variations in feed force. Some bucking bar designs may offer reduced vibration exposures to the bar operator's fingers while providing little attenuation of wrist acceleration. Knowledge of how rivet bucking bar models respond to riveting hammer vibrations can be important for making informed bucking bar selections. The study results indicate that, to help in the appropriate selection of bucking bars, candidate bar models should be evaluated at multiple feed force levels. The results also indicate that the bucking bar model, feed force level, or the bucking bar operator have no meaningful effects on the vibration excitation (riveting hammer), which further suggests that the test apparatus proposed by NIOSH researchers meets the basic requirements for a stable vibration source in laboratory-based bucking bar vibration assessments. This study provides relevant information that can be used to help develop a standardized laboratory-based bucking bar evaluation methodology and to help in the selection of appropriate bucking bars for various workplace riveting applications. RELEVANCE TO INDUSTRY Because the feed force level can affect HTV exposures to bucking bar operators, the feed force required for specific riveting operations should be an important consideration when selecting bucking bar models. This study provides useful information about bucking bar responses to riveting hammer vibrations; this knowledge can improve bucking bar selections.
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Affiliation(s)
- T.W. McDowell
- Corresponding author. CDC/NIOSH/HELD, 1095 Willowdale Road, MS 2027, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA. (T.W. McDowell)
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Warren C, Hamilton AER, Taylor DG, Stevenson ARL. Tips and tricks for rectal dissection during laparoscopic ultra-low anterior resection. Tech Coloproctol 2018; 22:613-615. [PMID: 30120631 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-018-1836-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Warren
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia. .,Colorectal Unit, The Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, QLD, Australia. .,The Holy Spirit Northside Private Hospital Brisbane, Chermside, Australia.
| | - A E R Hamilton
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia.,Colorectal Unit, The Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia.,The Holy Spirit Northside Private Hospital Brisbane, Chermside, Australia
| | - D G Taylor
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia.,Colorectal Unit, The Wesley Hospital, Auchenflower, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - A R L Stevenson
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia.,The Holy Spirit Northside Private Hospital Brisbane, Chermside, Australia
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29
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Yavelak M, Luchansky JB, Porto-Fett AC, Hochstein JJ, Campbell JA, Hanson DJ, Warren C, Schollenberger A, Chapman BJ. Assessing Consumer Food Safety Knowledge and Practice at Temporary Events. Meat and Muscle Biology 2018. [DOI: 10.22175/rmc2018.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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30
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Gupta R, Warren C, Blumenstock J, Kotowska J, Mittal K, Smith B. OR078 The prevalence of childhood food allergy in the United States: an update. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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31
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Gupta R, Blumenstock J, Warren C, Mittal K, Kotowska J, Smith B. OR077 The prevalence of nut and seafood allergies among adults in the United States. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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Warren C, Dyer A, Smith B, Gupta R. P276 Predicting latent classes of food allergy risk-taking behaviors among adolescents and young adults. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2016.09.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Vohra RS, Pasquali S, Kirkham AJ, Marriott P, Johnstone M, Spreadborough P, Alderson D, Griffiths EA, Fenwick S, Elmasry M, Nunes Q, Kennedy D, Basit Khan R, Khan MAS, Magee CJ, Jones SM, Mason D, Parappally CP, Mathur P, Saunders M, Jamel S, Ul Haque S, Zafar S, Shiwani MH, Samuel N, Dar F, Jackson A, Lovett B, Dindyal S, Winter H, Fletcher T, Rahman S, Wheatley K, Nieto T, Ayaani S, Youssef H, Nijjar RS, Watkin H, Naumann D, Emeshi S, Sarmah PB, Lee K, Joji N, Heath J, Teasdale RL, Weerasinghe C, Needham PJ, Welbourn H, Forster L, Finch D, Blazeby JM, Robb W, McNair AGK, Hrycaiczuk A, Charalabopoulos A, Kadirkamanathan S, Tang CB, Jayanthi NVG, Noor N, Dobbins B, Cockbain AJ, Nilsen-Nunn A, Siqueira J, Pellen M, Cowley JB, Ho WM, Miu V, White TJ, Hodgkins KA, Kinghorn A, Tutton MG, Al-Abed YA, Menzies D, Ahmad A, Reed J, Khan S, Monk D, Vitone LJ, Murtaza G, Joel A, Brennan S, Shier D, Zhang C, Yoganathan T, Robinson SJ, McCallum IJD, Jones MJ, Elsayed M, Tuck L, Wayman J, Carney K, Aroori S, Hosie KB, Kimble A, Bunting DM, Fawole AS, Basheer M, Dave RV, Sarveswaran J, Jones E, Kendal C, Tilston MP, Gough M, Wallace T, Singh S, Downing J, Mockford KA, Issa E, Shah N, Chauhan N, Wilson TR, Forouzanfar A, Wild JRL, Nofal E, Bunnell C, Madbak K, Rao STV, Devoto L, Siddiqi N, Khawaja Z, Hewes JC, Gould L, Chambers A, Urriza Rodriguez D, Sen G, Robinson S, Carney K, Bartlett F, Rae DM, Stevenson TEJ, Sarvananthan K, Dwerryhouse SJ, Higgs SM, Old OJ, Hardy TJ, Shah R, Hornby ST, Keogh K, Frank L, Al-Akash M, Upchurch EA, Frame RJ, Hughes M, Jelley C, Weaver S, Roy S, Sillo TO, Galanopoulos G, Cuming T, Cunha P, Tayeh S, Kaptanis S, Heshaishi M, Eisawi A, Abayomi M, Ngu WS, Fleming K, Singh Bajwa D, Chitre V, Aryal K, Ferris P, Silva M, Lammy S, Mohamed S, Khawaja A, Hussain A, Ghazanfar MA, Bellini MI, Ebdewi H, Elshaer M, Gravante G, Drake B, Ogedegbe A, Mukherjee D, Arhi C, Giwa Nusrat Iqbal L, Watson NF, Kumar Aggarwal S, Orchard P, Villatoro E, Willson PD, Wa K, Mok J, Woodman T, Deguara J, Garcea G, Babu BI, Dennison AR, Malde D, Lloyd D, Satheesan S, Al-Taan O, Boddy A, Slavin JP, Jones RP, Ballance L, Gerakopoulos S, Jambulingam P, Mansour S, Sakai N, Acharya V, Sadat MM, Karim L, Larkin D, Amin K, Khan A, Law J, Jamdar S, Smith SR, Sampat K, M O'shea K, Manu M, Asprou FM, Malik NS, Chang J, Johnstone M, Lewis M, Roberts GP, Karavadra B, Photi E, Hewes J, Gould L, Chambers A, Rodriguez D, O'Reilly DA, Rate AJ, Sekhar H, Henderson LT, Starmer BZ, Coe PO, Tolofari S, Barrie J, Bashir G, Sloane J, Madanipour S, Halkias C, Trevatt AEJ, Borowski DW, Hornsby J, Courtney MJ, Virupaksha S, Seymour K, Robinson S, Hawkins H, Bawa S, Gallagher PV, Reid A, Wood P, Finch JG, Parmar J, Stirland E, Gardner-Thorpe J, Al-Muhktar A, Peterson M, Majeed A, Bajwa FM, Martin J, Choy A, Tsang A, Pore N, Andrew DR, Al-Khyatt W, Taylor C, Bhandari S, Chambers A, Subramanium D, Toh SKC, Carter NC, Mercer SJ, Knight B, Tate S, Pearce B, Wainwright D, Vijay V, Alagaratnam S, Sinha S, Khan S, El-Hasani SS, Hussain AA, Bhattacharya V, Kansal N, Fasih T, Jackson C, Siddiqui MN, Chishti IA, Fordham IJ, Siddiqui Z, Bausbacher H, Geogloma I, Gurung K, Tsavellas G, Basynat P, Kiran Shrestha A, Basu S, Chhabra Mohan Harilingam A, Rabie M, Akhtar M, Kumar P, Jafferbhoy SF, Hussain N, Raza S, Haque M, Alam I, Aseem R, Patel S, Asad M, Booth MI, Ball WR, Wood CPJ, Pinho-Gomes AC, Kausar A, Rami Obeidallah M, Varghase J, Lodhia J, Bradley D, Rengifo C, Lindsay D, Gopalswamy S, Finlay I, Wardle S, Bullen N, Iftikhar SY, Awan A, Ahmed J, Leeder P, Fusai G, Bond-Smith G, Psica A, Puri Y, Hou D, Noble F, Szentpali K, Broadhurst J, Date R, Hossack MR, Li Goh Y, Turner P, Shetty V, Riera M, Macano CAW, Sukha A, Preston SR, Hoban JR, Puntis DJ, Williams SV, Krysztopik R, Kynaston J, Batt J, Doe M, Goscimski A, Jones GH, Smith SR, Hall C, Carty N, Ahmed J, Panteleimonitis S, Gunasekera RT, Sheel ARG, Lennon H, Hindley C, Reddy M, Kenny R, Elkheir N, McGlone ER, Rajaganeshan R, Hancorn K, Hargreaves A, Prasad R, Longbotham DA, Vijayanand D, Wijetunga I, Ziprin P, Nicolay CR, Yeldham G, Read E, Gossage JA, Rolph RC, Ebied H, Phull M, Khan MA, Popplewell M, Kyriakidis D, Hussain A, Henley N, Packer JR, Derbyshire L, Porter J, Appleton S, Farouk M, Basra M, Jennings NA, Ali S, Kanakala V, Ali H, Lane R, Dickson-Lowe R, Zarsadias P, Mirza D, Puig S, Al Amari K, Vijayan D, Sutcliffe R, Marudanayagam R, Hamady Z, Prasad AR, Patel A, Durkin D, Kaur P, Bowen L, Byrne JP, Pearson KL, Delisle TG, Davies J, Tomlinson MA, Johnpulle MA, Slawinski C, Macdonald A, Nicholson J, Newton K, Mbuvi J, Farooq A, Sidhartha Mothe B, Zafrani Z, Brett D, Francombe J, Spreadborough P, Barnes J, Cheung M, Al-Bahrani AZ, Preziosi G, Urbonas T, Alberts J, Mallik M, Patel K, Segaran A, Doulias T, Sufi PA, Yao C, Pollock S, Manzelli A, Wajed S, Kourkulos M, Pezzuto R, Wadley M, Hamilton E, Jaunoo S, Padwick R, Sayegh M, Newton RC, Hebbar M, Farag SF, Spearman J, Hamdan MF, D'Costa C, Blane C, Giles M, Peter MB, Hirst NA, Hossain T, Pannu A, El-Dhuwaib Y, Morrison TEM, Taylor GW, Thompson RLE, McCune K, Loughlin P, Lawther R, Byrnes CK, Simpson DJ, Mawhinney A, Warren C, McKay D, McIlmunn C, Martin S, MacArtney M, Diamond T, Davey P, Jones C, Clements JM, Digney R, Chan WM, McCain S, Gull S, Janeczko A, Dorrian E, Harris A, Dawson S, Johnston D, McAree B, Ghareeb E, Thomas G, Connelly M, McKenzie S, Cieplucha K, Spence G, Campbell W, Hooks G, Bradley N, Hill ADK, Cassidy JT, Boland M, Burke P, Nally DM, Hill ADK, Khogali E, Shabo W, Iskandar E, McEntee GP, O'Neill MA, Peirce C, Lyons EM, O'Sullivan AW, Thakkar R, Carroll P, Ivanovski I, Balfe P, Lee M, Winter DC, Kelly ME, Hoti E, Maguire D, Karunakaran P, Geoghegan JG, Martin ST, McDermott F, Cross KS, Cooke F, Zeeshan S, Murphy JO, Mealy K, Mohan HM, Nedujchelyn Y, Fahad Ullah M, Ahmed I, Giovinazzo F, Milburn J, Prince S, Brooke E, Buchan J, Khalil AM, Vaughan EM, Ramage MI, Aldridge RC, Gibson S, Nicholson GA, Vass DG, Grant AJ, Holroyd DJ, Jones MA, Sutton CMLR, O'Dwyer P, Nilsson F, Weber B, Williamson TK, Lalla K, Bryant A, Carter CR, Forrest CR, Hunter DI, Nassar AH, Orizu MN, Knight K, Qandeel H, Suttie S, Belding R, McClarey A, Boyd AT, Guthrie GJK, Lim PJ, Luhmann A, Watson AJM, Richards CH, Nicol L, Madurska M, Harrison E, Boyce KM, Roebuck A, Ferguson G, Pati P, Wilson MSJ, Dalgaty F, Fothergill L, Driscoll PJ, Mozolowski KL, Banwell V, Bennett SP, Rogers PN, Skelly BL, Rutherford CL, Mirza AK, Lazim T, Lim HCC, Duke D, Ahmed T, Beasley WD, Wilkinson MD, Maharaj G, Malcolm C, Brown TH, Shingler GM, Mowbray N, Radwan R, Morcous P, Wood S, Kadhim A, Stewart DJ, Baker AL, Tanner N, Shenoy H, Hafiz S, Marchi JA, Singh-Ranger D, Hisham E, Ainley P, O'Neill S, Terrace J, Napetti S, Hopwood B, Rhys T, Downing J, Kanavati O, Coats M, Aleksandrov D, Kallaway C, Yahya S, Weber B, Templeton A, Trotter M, Lo C, Dhillon A, Heywood N, Aawsaj Y, Hamdan A, Reece-Bolton O, McGuigan A, Shahin Y, Ali A, Luther A, Nicholson JA, Rajendran I, Boal M, Ritchie J. Population-based cohort study of variation in the use of emergency cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder diseases. Br J Surg 2016; 103:1716-1726. [PMID: 27748962 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aims of this prospective population-based cohort study were to identify the patient and hospital characteristics associated with emergency cholecystectomy, and the influences of these in determining variations between hospitals.
Methods
Data were collected for consecutive patients undergoing cholecystectomy in acute UK and Irish hospitals between 1 March and 1 May 2014. Potential explanatory variables influencing the performance of emergency cholecystectomy were analysed by means of multilevel, multivariable logistic regression modelling using a two-level hierarchical structure with patients (level 1) nested within hospitals (level 2).
Results
Data were collected on 4744 cholecystectomies from 165 hospitals. Increasing age, lower ASA fitness grade, biliary colic, the need for further imaging (magnetic retrograde cholangiopancreatography), endoscopic interventions (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) and admission to a non-biliary centre significantly reduced the likelihood of an emergency cholecystectomy being performed. The multilevel model was used to calculate the probability of receiving an emergency cholecystectomy for a woman aged 40 years or over with an ASA grade of I or II and a BMI of at least 25·0 kg/m2, who presented with acute cholecystitis with an ultrasound scan showing a thick-walled gallbladder and a normal common bile duct. The mean predicted probability of receiving an emergency cholecystectomy was 0·52 (95 per cent c.i. 0·45 to 0·57). The predicted probabilities ranged from 0·02 to 0·95 across the 165 hospitals, demonstrating significant variation between hospitals.
Conclusion
Patients with similar characteristics presenting to different hospitals with acute gallbladder pathology do not receive comparable care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R S Vohra
- Trent Oesophago-Gastric Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - S Pasquali
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - A J Kirkham
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Marriott
- West Midlands Research Collaborative, Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Johnstone
- West Midlands Research Collaborative, Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Spreadborough
- West Midlands Research Collaborative, Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - D Alderson
- Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - E A Griffiths
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Fenwick
- Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Elmasry
- Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Q Nunes
- Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D Kennedy
- Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | - D Mason
- Wirral University Teaching Hospital
| | | | | | | | - S Jamel
- Barnet and Chase Farm Hospital
| | | | - S Zafar
- Barnet and Chase Farm Hospital
| | | | - N Samuel
- Barnsley District General Hospital
| | - F Dar
- Barnsley District General Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - K Wheatley
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - T Nieto
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - S Ayaani
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - H Youssef
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | | | - H Watkin
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | - D Naumann
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | - S Emeshi
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | | | - K Lee
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | - N Joji
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | - J Heath
- Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - R L Teasdale
- Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - P J Needham
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - H Welbourn
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - L Forster
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D Finch
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - W Robb
- University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - B Dobbins
- Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Trust
| | | | | | | | - M Pellen
- Hull and East Yorkshire NHS Trust
| | | | - W-M Ho
- Hull and East Yorkshire NHS Trust
| | - V Miu
- Hull and East Yorkshire NHS Trust
| | - T J White
- Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K A Hodgkins
- Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Kinghorn
- Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M G Tutton
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Y A Al-Abed
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D Menzies
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Ahmad
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Reed
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Khan
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D Monk
- Countess of Chester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - L J Vitone
- Countess of Chester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - G Murtaza
- Countess of Chester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Joel
- Countess of Chester NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - D Shier
- Croydon Health Services NHS Trust
| | - C Zhang
- Croydon Health Services NHS Trust
| | | | | | | | - M J Jones
- North Cumbria University Hospitals Trust
| | - M Elsayed
- North Cumbria University Hospitals Trust
| | - L Tuck
- North Cumbria University Hospitals Trust
| | - J Wayman
- North Cumbria University Hospitals Trust
| | - K Carney
- North Cumbria University Hospitals Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - M P Tilston
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Gough
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - T Wallace
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Singh
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Downing
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K A Mockford
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - E Issa
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - N Shah
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - N Chauhan
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - T R Wilson
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Forouzanfar
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J R L Wild
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - E Nofal
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| | | | - A D K Hill
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- Crosshouse Hospital, Ayrshire and Arran
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Armano M, Audley H, Auger G, Baird JT, Bassan M, Binetruy P, Born M, Bortoluzzi D, Brandt N, Caleno M, Carbone L, Cavalleri A, Cesarini A, Ciani G, Congedo G, Cruise AM, Danzmann K, de Deus Silva M, De Rosa R, Diaz-Aguiló M, Di Fiore L, Diepholz I, Dixon G, Dolesi R, Dunbar N, Ferraioli L, Ferroni V, Fichter W, Fitzsimons ED, Flatscher R, Freschi M, García Marín AF, García Marirrodriga C, Gerndt R, Gesa L, Gibert F, Giardini D, Giusteri R, Guzmán F, Grado A, Grimani C, Grynagier A, Grzymisch J, Harrison I, Heinzel G, Hewitson M, Hollington D, Hoyland D, Hueller M, Inchauspé H, Jennrich O, Jetzer P, Johann U, Johlander B, Karnesis N, Kaune B, Korsakova N, Killow CJ, Lobo JA, Lloro I, Liu L, López-Zaragoza JP, Maarschalkerweerd R, Mance D, Martín V, Martin-Polo L, Martino J, Martin-Porqueras F, Madden S, Mateos I, McNamara PW, Mendes J, Mendes L, Monsky A, Nicolodi D, Nofrarias M, Paczkowski S, Perreur-Lloyd M, Petiteau A, Pivato P, Plagnol E, Prat P, Ragnit U, Raïs B, Ramos-Castro J, Reiche J, Robertson DI, Rozemeijer H, Rivas F, Russano G, Sanjuán J, Sarra P, Schleicher A, Shaul D, Slutsky J, Sopuerta CF, Stanga R, Steier F, Sumner T, Texier D, Thorpe JI, Trenkel C, Tröbs M, Tu HB, Vetrugno D, Vitale S, Wand V, Wanner G, Ward H, Warren C, Wass PJ, Wealthy D, Weber WJ, Wissel L, Wittchen A, Zambotti A, Zanoni C, Ziegler T, Zweifel P. Sub-Femto-g Free Fall for Space-Based Gravitational Wave Observatories: LISA Pathfinder Results. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:231101. [PMID: 27341221 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.231101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report the first results of the LISA Pathfinder in-flight experiment. The results demonstrate that two free-falling reference test masses, such as those needed for a space-based gravitational wave observatory like LISA, can be put in free fall with a relative acceleration noise with a square root of the power spectral density of 5.2±0.1 fm s^{-2}/sqrt[Hz], or (0.54±0.01)×10^{-15} g/sqrt[Hz], with g the standard gravity, for frequencies between 0.7 and 20 mHz. This value is lower than the LISA Pathfinder requirement by more than a factor 5 and within a factor 1.25 of the requirement for the LISA mission, and is compatible with Brownian noise from viscous damping due to the residual gas surrounding the test masses. Above 60 mHz the acceleration noise is dominated by interferometer displacement readout noise at a level of (34.8±0.3) fm/sqrt[Hz], about 2 orders of magnitude better than requirements. At f≤0.5 mHz we observe a low-frequency tail that stays below 12 fm s^{-2}/sqrt[Hz] down to 0.1 mHz. This performance would allow for a space-based gravitational wave observatory with a sensitivity close to what was originally foreseen for LISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Armano
- European Space Astronomy Centre, European Space Agency, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692 Madrid, Spain
| | - H Audley
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - G Auger
- APC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - J T Baird
- High Energy Physics Group, Physics Department, Imperial College London, Blackett Laboratory, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - M Bassan
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", and INFN, sezione Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - P Binetruy
- APC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - M Born
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - D Bortoluzzi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, Italy
| | - N Brandt
- Airbus Defence and Space, Claude-Dornier-Strasse, 88090 Immenstaad, Germany
| | - M Caleno
- European Space Technology Centre, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - L Carbone
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Cavalleri
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, CNR-Fondazione Bruno Kessler, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Cesarini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - G Ciani
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - G Congedo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A M Cruise
- The School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - K Danzmann
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - M de Deus Silva
- European Space Astronomy Centre, European Space Agency, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692 Madrid, Spain
| | - R De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli "Federico II" and INFN-Sezione di Napoli, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - M Diaz-Aguiló
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - L Di Fiore
- INFN-Sezione di Napoli, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - I Diepholz
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - G Dixon
- The School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - R Dolesi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - N Dunbar
- Airbus Defence and Space, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2AS, United Kingdom
| | - L Ferraioli
- Institut für Geophysik, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, CH-8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - V Ferroni
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - W Fichter
- Universitt Stuttgart, Institut fr Flugmechanik und Flugregelung, Pfaffenwaldring 27, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - E D Fitzsimons
- The UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory, Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ, United Kingdom
| | - R Flatscher
- Airbus Defence and Space, Claude-Dornier-Strasse, 88090 Immenstaad, Germany
| | - M Freschi
- European Space Astronomy Centre, European Space Agency, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692 Madrid, Spain
| | - A F García Marín
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - C García Marirrodriga
- European Space Technology Centre, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - R Gerndt
- Airbus Defence and Space, Claude-Dornier-Strasse, 88090 Immenstaad, Germany
| | - L Gesa
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - F Gibert
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - D Giardini
- Institut für Geophysik, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, CH-8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - R Giusteri
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - F Guzmán
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - A Grado
- INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, I-80131 Napoli, Italy and INFN sezione di Napoli, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - C Grimani
- DISPEA, Università di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via S. Chiara, 27 61029 Urbino/INFN, Italy
| | - A Grynagier
- Universitt Stuttgart, Institut fr Flugmechanik und Flugregelung, Pfaffenwaldring 27, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Grzymisch
- European Space Technology Centre, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - I Harrison
- European Space Operations Centre, European Space Agency, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - G Heinzel
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - M Hewitson
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - D Hollington
- High Energy Physics Group, Physics Department, Imperial College London, Blackett Laboratory, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - D Hoyland
- The School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - M Hueller
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - H Inchauspé
- APC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - O Jennrich
- European Space Technology Centre, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - P Jetzer
- Physik Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - U Johann
- Airbus Defence and Space, Claude-Dornier-Strasse, 88090 Immenstaad, Germany
| | - B Johlander
- European Space Technology Centre, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - N Karnesis
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - B Kaune
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - N Korsakova
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - C J Killow
- SUPA, Institute for Gravitational Research, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - J A Lobo
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - I Lloro
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - L Liu
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - J P López-Zaragoza
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - R Maarschalkerweerd
- European Space Operations Centre, European Space Agency, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D Mance
- Institut für Geophysik, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, CH-8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - V Martín
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - L Martin-Polo
- European Space Astronomy Centre, European Space Agency, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Martino
- APC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - F Martin-Porqueras
- European Space Astronomy Centre, European Space Agency, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Madden
- European Space Technology Centre, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - I Mateos
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - P W McNamara
- European Space Technology Centre, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - J Mendes
- European Space Operations Centre, European Space Agency, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - L Mendes
- European Space Astronomy Centre, European Space Agency, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Monsky
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - D Nicolodi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - M Nofrarias
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - S Paczkowski
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - M Perreur-Lloyd
- SUPA, Institute for Gravitational Research, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A Petiteau
- APC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - P Pivato
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - E Plagnol
- APC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - P Prat
- APC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - U Ragnit
- European Space Technology Centre, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - B Raïs
- APC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - J Ramos-Castro
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Reiche
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - D I Robertson
- SUPA, Institute for Gravitational Research, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Rozemeijer
- European Space Technology Centre, European Space Agency, Keplerlaan 1, 2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - F Rivas
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - G Russano
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - J Sanjuán
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - P Sarra
- CGS S.p.A, Compagnia Generale per lo Spazio, Via Gallarate, 150-20151 Milano, Italy
| | - A Schleicher
- Airbus Defence and Space, Claude-Dornier-Strasse, 88090 Immenstaad, Germany
| | - D Shaul
- High Energy Physics Group, Physics Department, Imperial College London, Blackett Laboratory, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - J Slutsky
- Gravitational Astrophysics Lab, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - C F Sopuerta
- Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - R Stanga
- Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze and INFN-Sezione di Firenze, I-50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - F Steier
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - T Sumner
- High Energy Physics Group, Physics Department, Imperial College London, Blackett Laboratory, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - D Texier
- European Space Astronomy Centre, European Space Agency, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692 Madrid, Spain
| | - J I Thorpe
- Gravitational Astrophysics Lab, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - C Trenkel
- Airbus Defence and Space, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2AS, United Kingdom
| | - M Tröbs
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - H B Tu
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - D Vetrugno
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - S Vitale
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - V Wand
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - G Wanner
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - H Ward
- SUPA, Institute for Gravitational Research, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C Warren
- Airbus Defence and Space, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2AS, United Kingdom
| | - P J Wass
- High Energy Physics Group, Physics Department, Imperial College London, Blackett Laboratory, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - D Wealthy
- Airbus Defence and Space, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2AS, United Kingdom
| | - W J Weber
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - L Wissel
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - A Wittchen
- Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik und Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 38, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - A Zambotti
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, Italy
| | - C Zanoni
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, and Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications/INFN, Italy
| | - T Ziegler
- Airbus Defence and Space, Claude-Dornier-Strasse, 88090 Immenstaad, Germany
| | - P Zweifel
- Institut für Geophysik, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, CH-8092, Zürich, Switzerland
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Krajnak K, Waugh S, Johnson C, Miller RG, Welcome D, Xu X, Warren C, Sarkisian S, Andrew M, Dong RG. Antivibration gloves: effects on vascular and sensorineural function, an animal model. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2015; 78:571-82. [PMID: 25965192 PMCID: PMC4700820 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1014079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Anti-vibration gloves have been used to block the transmission of vibration from powered hand tools to the user, and to protect users from the negative health consequences associated with exposure to vibration. However, there are conflicting reports as to the efficacy of gloves in protecting workers. The goal of this study was to use a characterized animal model of vibration-induced peripheral vascular and nerve injury to determine whether antivibration materials reduced or inhibited the effects of vibration on these physiological symptoms. Rats were exposed to 4 h of tail vibration at 125 Hz with an acceleration 49 m/s(2). The platform was either bare or covered with antivibrating glove material. Rats were tested for tactile sensitivity to applied pressure before and after vibration exposure. One day following the exposure, ventral tail arteries were assessed for sensitivity to vasodilating and vasoconstricting factors and nerves were examined histologically for early indicators of edema and inflammation. Ventral tail artery responses to an α2C-adrenoreceptor agonist were enhanced in arteries from vibration-exposed rats compared to controls, regardless of whether antivibration materials were used or not. Rats exposed to vibration were also less sensitive to pressure after exposure. These findings are consistent with experimental findings in humans suggesting that antivibration gloves may not provide protection against the adverse health consequences of vibration exposure in all conditions. Additional studies need to be done examining newer antivibration materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Krajnak
- a Engineering and Controls Technology Branch , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , West Virginia , USA
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Warren C, Abuya T, Ndwiga C, Njuki R. I383 FINDINGS FROM KENYA: BARRIERS TO SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANCE: DISRESPECT AND ABUSE DURING HEALTH FACILITY DELIVERIES. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(12)60413-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Njue R, Warren C, Obare F, Abuya T, Kanya L, Fulton M, Bellows B. O500 SOCIAL AUTOPSY FOR MATERNAL DEATHS: INVESTIGATING THE CAUSES OF AND CONTRIBUTORS TO MATERNAL MORTALITY IN KENYA. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(12)60930-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Acute gastric volvulus is an uncommon entity that requires prompt diagnosis and management to prevent potential life threatening complications. We present a rare case of splenic laceration secondary to acute gastric volvulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Warren
- South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Warren
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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Warren C, Mwangi A, Liambila W. P328 Understanding obstetric fistula: findings from four districts in Kenya. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)61820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mazia G, Narayanan I, Warren C, Mahdi M, Chibuye P, Walligo A, Mabuza P, Shongwe R, Hainsworth M. Integrating quality postnatal care into PMTCT in Swaziland. Glob Public Health 2009; 4:253-70. [PMID: 19437214 DOI: 10.1080/17441690902769669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Swaziland's prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programme is linked to maternal and newborn health (MNH) services, but is mainly focussed on HIV/AIDS. Existing MNH services are inadequate, especially postnatal care (PNC) of mothers and babies, with delayed postnatal visits occurring at 4-6 weeks after delivery. Fifty-seven percent of staff in seven Swazi health facilities were trained in promoting and providing early PNC. A final evaluation showed a 20-fold increase in the number of visits coming for an early postnatal visit (within the first three days after birth). A direct observation of the client-provider interaction showed a significant increase in the competence of the health workers related to postnatal examinations, and care of mothers and babies (p<0.05- < 0.01). The percentage of women breastfeeding within one hour of delivery increased by 41% in HIV-positive mothers and 52% in HIV-negative mothers. Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for HIV-exposed infants increased by 24%. Although, health workers were observed providing counselling, maternal recall of messages was deficient, suggesting the need for additional strategies for promoting healthy behaviours. High-quality integrated PMTCT programmes and MNH postnatal services are feasible and acceptable, and can result in promoting early postnatal visits and improved care of both HIV-positive and HIV-negative mothers and their babies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mazia
- The United States Agency for International Development, Basic Support for Institutionalising Child Survival Project (USAID/BASICS), Arlington, VA, USA.
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McDowell TW, Dong RG, Xu X, Welcome DE, Warren C. An evaluation of impact wrench vibration emissions and test methods. Ann Occup Hyg 2008; 52:125-38. [PMID: 18212244 DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mem064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In the interest of providing more effective evaluations of impact wrench vibration exposures and the development of improved methods for measuring vibration emissions produced by these tools, this study focused on three variables: acceleration measured at the tool surface, vibration exposure duration per test trial, and the amount of torque required to unseat the nuts following a test trial. For this evaluation, six experienced male impact wrench operators used three samples each of five impact wrench models (four pneumatic models and one battery-powered model) in a simulated work task. The test setup and procedures were based on those provided by an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Technical Committee overseeing the revision of ISO 8662-7. The work task involved the seating of 10 nuts onto 10 bolts mounted on steel plates. The results indicate that acceleration magnitudes vary not only by tool type but also by individual tools within a type. Thus, evaluators are cautioned against drawing conclusions based on small numbers of tools and/or tool operators. Appropriate sample sizes are suggested. It was further noted that evaluators could draw different conclusions if tool assessments are based on ISO-weighted acceleration as opposed to unweighted acceleration. As expected, vibration exposure durations varied by tool type and by test subject; duration means varied more for study participants than they did for tool types. For the 12 pneumatic tools evaluated in this study, torque varied directly with tool handle acceleration. Therefore, in order to reduce vibration exposure, tools should be selected and adjusted so that they produce no more than the needed torque for the task at hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W McDowell
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), NIOSH Health Effects Lab, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
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Dong RG, Schopper AW, McDowell TW, Welcome DE, Wu JZ, Smutz WP, Warren C, Rakheja S. Vibration energy absorption (VEA) in human fingers-hand-arm system. Med Eng Phys 2004; 26:483-92. [PMID: 15234684 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2004.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2002] [Revised: 12/03/2003] [Accepted: 02/18/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A methodology for measuring the vibration energy absorbed into the fingers and the palm exposed to vibration is proposed to study the distribution of the vibration energy absorption (VEA) in the fingers-hand-arm system and to explore its potential association with vibration-induced white finger (VWF). The study involved 12 adult male subjects, constant-velocity sinusoidal excitations at 10 different discrete frequencies in the range of 16-1000 Hz, and four different hand-handle coupling conditions (finger pull-only, hand grip-only, palm push-only, and combined grip and push). The results of the study suggest that the VEA into the fingers is considerably less than that into the palm at low frequencies (< or = 25 Hz). They are, however, comparable under the excitations in the 250-1000 Hz frequency range. The finger VEA at high frequencies (> or = 100 Hz) is practically independent of the hand-handle coupling condition. The coupling conditions affect the VEA into the fingers and the palm very differently. The finger VEA results suggest that the ISO standardized frequency weighting (ISO 5349-1, 2001) may underestimate the effect of high frequency vibration on vibration-induced finger disorders. The proposed method may provide new opportunities to examine VEA and its association with VWF and other types of vibration-induced disorders in the hand-arm system.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Dong
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
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MacDonald D, VanCrey K, Harrison P, Rangachari PK, Rosenfeld J, Warren C, Sorger G. Ascaridole-less infusions of Chenopodium ambrosioides contain a nematocide(s) that is(are) not toxic to mammalian smooth muscle. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 92:215-221. [PMID: 15138003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2004.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2002] [Revised: 02/19/2004] [Accepted: 02/19/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Infusions of Chenopodium ambrosioides (L.) have been used for centuries in the Americas as a popular remedy against intestinal worm infections. The essential oil of Chenopodium ambrosioides contains high levels of ascaridole, which is a potent anthelmintic, but which has also been responsible for human fatalities, leading to its disuse. Almost 90% of the nematocidal activity of Chenopodium ambrosioides infusions was due to a hydrophilic component different from ascaridole. Synthetic ascaridole and the ascaridole from infusions, extracted into hexane, caused a reduction of carbachol-induced contractions in rat gastrointestinal smooth muscle at concentrations required to kill Caenorhabditis elegans (L.). The herbal infusion and the ascaridole-free hexane-extracted aqueous residue of the above infusion, at nematocidal concentrations, had no detectable effect on smooth muscle contraction in the above system. It would appear that the traditional form of usage of Chenopodium ambrosioides infusions as a vermifuge is safer than the use of the herb's essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- D MacDonald
- Department of Medicine, Hons. Biology-Pharmacology Coop Programme, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Canada
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Warren C, James LA, Ramsden RT, Wallace A, Baser ME, Varley JM, Evans DG. Identification of recurrent regions of chromosome loss and gain in vestibular schwannomas using comparative genomic hybridisation. J Med Genet 2004; 40:802-6. [PMID: 14627667 PMCID: PMC1735326 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.40.11.802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schwannomas are benign tumours of the nervous system that are usually sporadic but also occur in the inherited disorder neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). The NF2 gene is a tumour suppressor on chromosome 22. Loss of expression of the NF2 protein product, merlin, is universal in both sporadic and NF2 related schwannomas. The GTPase signalling molecules RhoA and Rac1 regulate merlin function, but to date only mutation in the NF2 gene has been identified as a causal event in schwannoma formation. METHODS Comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) was used to screen 76 vestibular schwannomas from 76 patients (66 sporadic and 10 NF2 related) to identify other chromosome regions that may harbour genes involved in the tumorigenesis. RESULTS The most common change was loss on chromosome 22, which was more frequent in sporadic than in NF2 related tumours. Importantly, eight tumours (10%) showed gain of copy number on chromosome 9q34. Each of the two NF2 patients who had received stereotactic radiotherapy had non-chromosome 22 changes, whereas only one of eight non-irradiated NF2 patients had any chromosome changes. Three tumours had gain on 17q, which has also been reported in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours that are associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. Other sites that were identified in three or fewer tumours were regions on chromosomes 10, 11, 13, 16, 19, 20, X, and Y. CONCLUSIONS These findings should be verified using techniques that can detect smaller genetic changes, such as microarray-CGH.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Warren
- Cancer Research UK Department of Cancer Genetics, The Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Manchester, UK
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48
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Dong RG, McDowell TW, Welcome DE, Warren C, Schopper AW. An Evaluation of the Standardized Chipping Hammer Test Specified in ISO 8662-2. The Annals of Occupational Hygiene 2004; 48:39-49. [PMID: 14718344 DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/meg077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prolonged exposure to severe chipping hammer vibration may cause hand-arm vibration syndrome. A reliable test method is required to select appropriate tools and assist in the development of better chipping hammers. In the present study, the ISO standardized test method (ISO 8662-2, 1992) was examined through an investigation of the vibration characteristics of chipping hammers operating on the energy absorber specified in the standard. METHODS The energy absorber and test setup were designed and constructed based on those specified in the standard. The experiment employed six subjects and used two pneumatic chipping hammers and three different feed forces (50, 100 and 200 N). The subject posture was the same as that specified in the standard. RESULTS The vibration emission at the tool dominant frequency (or air blow rate) generally declined with an increase in feed force, thus decreasing the frequency-weighted accelerations. The increase in feed force, however, resulted in an increase in the unweighted vibration emission at high frequencies. The chipping hammer vibration emission operating on the energy absorber at the high feed force (200 N) was inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS The measurement method has a good repeatability except at a high feed force. The feed force has a significant effect on the vibration emission. The single feed force specified in the standard may not be sufficient to test the tool behaviors. Multiple levels of feed force should be used for the chipping hammer test. Doing so may provide a more appropriate basis for tool screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Dong
- Engineering & Control Technology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
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Barry J, Brown A, Ensor V, Lakhani U, Petts D, Warren C, Winstanley T. Comparative evaluation of the VITEK 2 Advanced Expert System (AES) in five UK hospitals. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003; 51:1191-202. [PMID: 12697635 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkg234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We carried out an evaluation of VITEK 2 in five UK laboratories, comparing results with 'gold standard' agar-dilution MIC data, assessing its ability to recognize resistant phenotypes and comparing results with those generated by routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods. METHODS Laboratories tested a collection of 82 strains selected on the basis of their challenging and characterized resistance mechanisms. RESULTS In comparison with the reference MIC method, VITEK 2 gave an essential agreement of 304/315 (enterococci), 1619/1674 (staphylococci) and 2937/3074 (Gram-negative bacilli): overall 96.0% agreement. Corresponding category (SIR) agreements with VITEK 2 were 247/252, 1496/1561 and 2478/2626 (overall 95.1%). Using five routine methodologies, category agreements ranged from 58/63 to 45/45; 222/232 to 174/174, and 333/372 to 250/259 for the three organism groups with an overall agreement of 95.0%. In contrast to VITEK 2 Advanced Expert System (AES), routine microbiology laboratories did not attempt to detect resistance mechanisms for every antibiotic studied. VITEK 2 AES detected all 19 resistance mechanisms in enterococci: where applicable, routine methods detected 14, 10 and 10. Of 30 resistance mechanisms in staphylococci, VITEK 2 AES detected 25 compared with 23, 20, 17 and 18 detected by routine methods. Finally, of 44 resistance mechanisms in Gram-negative bacilli, VITEK 2 AES detected 30 compared with 30, 23, 15 and 10 detected by routine methods. CONCLUSIONS VITEK 2 performed susceptibility tests accurately and the AES detected and interpreted resistance mechanisms appropriately. Heavy inocula in a liquid medium possibly favour better expression of certain resistance determinants. Although certain routine microbiology methods performed adequately, VITEK 2 AES offers a rapid, standardized method suited to laboratories lacking experience of resistance mechanisms and/or those not testing an appropriate number, or range, of antibiotics to detect resistance phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Barry
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Baria K, Warren C, Eden OB, Roberts SA, West CM, Scott D. Chromosomal radiosensitivity in young cancer patients: possible evidence of genetic predisposition. Int J Radiat Biol 2002; 78:341-6. [PMID: 12020425 DOI: 10.1080/09553000110117359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the G2 chromosomal radiosensitivity of patients with cancers diagnosed when the patients are less than 20 years of age. Earlier studies demonstrated an enhanced sensitivity in substantial proportions of patients with breast or colorectal cancer, and in early onset head and neck cancer cases. Heritability of chromosomal radiosensitivity in families of breast cancer patients was also demonstrated. It is suggested that elevated sensitivity in this assay could be a marker of genetic predisposition to cancer, mediated through inherited genetic determinants of low penetrance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Stimulated lymphocytes were exposed to 0.5 Gy X-rays in the G2-phase of the cell cycle and chromatid aberrations were scored in metaphase cells. RESULTS The assay was performed on 32 patients with early onset cancers (aged 0.5-19 years) of various types and their sensitivity was compared with that of 41 young normal controls (0.25-19 years) and 32 adult normals (20-60 years). The proportion of cases showing enhanced sensitivity in the three groups was 44, 15 and 10%, respectively. The difference between the young patients and normals was highly significant (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest the possibility that a substantial proportion of early onset cancers are associated with the inheritance of predisposing genes of low penetrance. However, support for this hypothesis requires that the heritability of chromosomal radiosensitivity be demonstrated in family members. In addition, a larger study is now required to investigate the chromosomal radiosensitivity of specific early onset cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Baria
- Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Christie Hospital NHS Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
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