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Johansson AK, Omar R, Mastrovito B, Sannevik J, Carlsson GE, Johansson A. Prediction of xerostomia in a 75-year-old population: A 25-year longitudinal study. J Dent 2022; 118:104056. [PMID: 35121136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To follow the same individuals from age 50 up to 75 years to report on prevalence, persistence, progression, remission, incidence and predictors for xerostomia. METHODS A questionnaire was distributed to all 50-years-olds (1992) in two Swedish counties (N=8888) and repeated at the age of 65 (2007) and 75 years (2017). 3060 individuals responded on all three occasions (response rate 42.5%). Xerostomia was assessed with two questions. Additional questions addressed inter alia general/oral health and oral function. RESULTS Reported prevalence of daytime xerostomia were 23.3% and 14.7%, and 39.5% and 27.5% in women and men, age 50 and 75, respectively. Night-time prevalence was higher. At age 50, 27.4% women and 24.0% men reported having dry mouth, and at age 75, 61.0% and 53.8%, respectively. At all time points, women reported significantly more xerostomia than men. Progression (deterioration) was common, and persistence (continuing presence) was high, while 25-year incidence for daytime xerostomia was 16.2% and 12.8%, and 33.6% and 29.8% at night-time, for women and men, respectively. Based on reports at age 50, regression analyses showed that prediction for developing xerostomia during the observation period, and reporting xerostomia at age 75 years, were female gender, impaired general health, chewing, jaw opening and intraoral problems, dissatisfaction with dental appearance, low education and having white/plastic filling. CONCLUSIONS Xerostomia is common in older people, especially at night and in women. It can be predicted by diverse factors reported earlier in life. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Clinicians need to be made aware of that elderly often suffers from dry mouth so that they can recommend effective measures to eliminate or ease the patients accompanying symptoms and also exclude or lessen possible negative impact on oral health related to xerostomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Katrin Johansson
- Department of Clinical Dentistry - Cariology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ridwaan Omar
- Department of Restorative Sciences - Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Berit Mastrovito
- Dental Commissioning Unit, Östergötland County Council, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Gunnar E Carlsson
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Anders Johansson
- Department of Clinical Dentistry - Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Mohseni Afshar Z, Barary M, Ebrahimpour S, Janbakhsh A, Afsharian M, Hasanpour A, Babazadeh A. Pathophysiology and Management of Tongue Involvement in COVID-19 Patients. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 74:3235-3238. [PMID: 35013709 PMCID: PMC8733910 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-021-03052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Evaluate the lingual manifestations of COVID-19, and provide a clinical guide in managing these symptoms. Electronic databases, such as PubMed/Medline, and Scopus were searched until November 1, 2020, and only randomized controlled trials, cross-sectional and cohort studies, as well as case reports and series, and review articles in English were considered. A total of 40 studies were included in this study. Lingual involvement has been extensively reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The most common features of lingual involvements were red or light red, yellow coating, and greasy coating tongue, though other complications, such as pale, purple, white coating, grayish-black coating, rough, tender, puffy, spotty, prickles, fissured, and tooth-marked tongue was also reported. Poor oral hygiene, opportunistic infections (OIs), medications, and hyper-inflammatory response to infection are the most common predisposing factors for the onset of oral lesions in patients with COVID-19. In conclusion, the current review described the lingual manifestations of COVID-19, and as oral complaints are relatively common in COVID-19 patients, an intraoral examination should be conducted in all suspected cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Mohseni Afshar
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Barary
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Ebrahimpour
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Alireza Janbakhsh
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mandana Afsharian
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Arefeh Babazadeh
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Scelza G, Amato A, Pagano AM, Matteis GD, Caruso R, Scelza A, Sisalli L, Biasi SD, Marigliano F, Gagliardi M, Martina S, Iandolo A. Effect of hepatitis C antiviral therapy on oral lichen planus and hyposalivation in inmates. Ann Gastroenterol 2022; 35:74-79. [PMID: 34987292 PMCID: PMC8713335 DOI: 10.20524/aog.2021.0672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral lichen planus (OLP) and hyposalivation have been reported as extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Our study evaluated the effect of direct antiviral agents (DAAs) on OLP and hyposalivation in convicts with chronic hepatitis C, examining patients before, during and after the antiviral treatment period with direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs). Methods We screened 198 inmates for the presence of the HCV antibody. Patients found to be positive underwent a quantitative HCV-RNA test and HCV genotype typing, as well as an oral cavity examination using a scoring system for OLP (REU score) and the clinical oral dryness score (CODS). Subsequently, all patients underwent DAA therapy and a systematic physical examination of the oral cavity at 1, 3 and 6 months from the beginning of treatment. Results Fifty patients (25.25%) had a positive HCV-RNA test. At baseline, OLP was detected in 4 patients (8%), with a mean REU score of 10.13±4, and different degrees of hyposalivation were seen in 17 patients (34%), with a mean CODS score of 4.71±1.72. Six months after the start of DAA therapy, we observed resolution of OLP in 3 patients (75%) and improvement in the remaining subject with a significantly lower mean REU score (2±4). Hyposalivation disappeared in 5 patients, improved in 10, and remained unchanged in 2 patients with a significantly lower mean CODS score (0.06±0.24). Conclusion This study demonstrated the effectiveness of DAAs in the treatment of OLP and hyposalivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Scelza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno (Giuseppe Scelza, Alessandra Amato, Laura Sisalli, Stefano Martina, Alfredo Iandolo)
| | - Alessandra Amato
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno (Giuseppe Scelza, Alessandra Amato, Laura Sisalli, Stefano Martina, Alfredo Iandolo)
| | - Antonio Maria Pagano
- Health protection for adults and youth Unit, Penitentiary Institute (Antonio Maria Pagano, Giuseppe De Matteis, Rosa Caruso, Antonio Scelza, Sebastiana De Biasi, Francesca Marigliano)
| | - Giuseppe De Matteis
- Health protection for adults and youth Unit, Penitentiary Institute (Antonio Maria Pagano, Giuseppe De Matteis, Rosa Caruso, Antonio Scelza, Sebastiana De Biasi, Francesca Marigliano)
| | - Rosa Caruso
- Health protection for adults and youth Unit, Penitentiary Institute (Antonio Maria Pagano, Giuseppe De Matteis, Rosa Caruso, Antonio Scelza, Sebastiana De Biasi, Francesca Marigliano)
| | - Antonio Scelza
- Health protection for adults and youth Unit, Penitentiary Institute (Antonio Maria Pagano, Giuseppe De Matteis, Rosa Caruso, Antonio Scelza, Sebastiana De Biasi, Francesca Marigliano)
| | - Laura Sisalli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno (Giuseppe Scelza, Alessandra Amato, Laura Sisalli, Stefano Martina, Alfredo Iandolo)
| | - Sebastiana De Biasi
- Health protection for adults and youth Unit, Penitentiary Institute (Antonio Maria Pagano, Giuseppe De Matteis, Rosa Caruso, Antonio Scelza, Sebastiana De Biasi, Francesca Marigliano)
| | - Francesca Marigliano
- Health protection for adults and youth Unit, Penitentiary Institute (Antonio Maria Pagano, Giuseppe De Matteis, Rosa Caruso, Antonio Scelza, Sebastiana De Biasi, Francesca Marigliano)
| | - Mario Gagliardi
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno (Mario Gagliardi), Salerno, Italy
| | - Stefano Martina
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno (Giuseppe Scelza, Alessandra Amato, Laura Sisalli, Stefano Martina, Alfredo Iandolo)
| | - Alfredo Iandolo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno (Giuseppe Scelza, Alessandra Amato, Laura Sisalli, Stefano Martina, Alfredo Iandolo)
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Eilsberger F, Ahlers G, Luster M. Side effects of 131I therapy. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822960-6.00121-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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A Clinical Study on the Efficacy and Tolerability of a New Topical Gel and Toothpaste in Patients with Xerostomia: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10235641. [PMID: 34884343 PMCID: PMC8658424 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10235641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE xerostomia is a very common problem in the general population. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of a new gel and toothpaste in patients with xerostomia, analyze the role of salivary cytokines as biomarkers of xerostomia and assess the possible changes in salivary cytokines following treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomized, controlled double-blind clinical study was carried out in 73 patients with xerostomia divided into two groups: placebo and active treatment (cymenol; tocopheryl acetate; D-panthenol; Aloe barbadensis; citrate tribasic dihydrate; fluoride) with oral gel and toothpaste three times a day for four consecutive weeks. The Thomson Xerostomia Inventory was applied, with the assessment of oral quality of life (OHIP-14) at baseline and after four weeks of application of the product. Sialometry was also performed in both groups, with analysis of the IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8 and TNFa levels in saliva. RESULTS In the active treatment group, the xerostomia scores decreased significantly at the end of the study versus baseline, from 33.47 to 27.93 (p < 0.001). No significant decrease was recorded in the placebo group (34.5 to 32.75; p = 0.190). There were no adverse effects in either group. Regarding the saliva samples, the active treatment group showed significant differences in IL-6 concentration versus the control group (18.55 pg/mL (8-38.28) and 5.83 pg/mL (1.19-12.04), respectively; p = 0.002). No significant differences in salivary cytokines were observed in either the treatment group or the control group. CONCLUSIONS The use of a new toothpaste and gel developed for patients with xerostomia proved effective, with greater symptom relief than in the placebo group. Further clinical studies involving longer time periods and larger samples are advisable in order to confirm the benefits of the described treatment.
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56
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Asan MF, Castelino RL, Babu SG, Rao K, Pandita V. Oral Immune-Related Adverse Events - Current Concepts and their Management. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2021; 8:604-609. [PMID: 34790844 PMCID: PMC8522587 DOI: 10.4103/apjon.apjon-2136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made significant improvement in the treatment outcome of cancer patients. They are also known to increase the overall survival in many malignancies. They target key immune checkpoints, acting on the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4, programmed death-1 (PD-1), and PD-1 ligand 1 pathways. ICIs are effective in cancer therapy, but also possess various adverse effects that are termed together as immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Information focusing only on the oral reactions of irAEs is scanty in the literature. Therefore, we performed a computerized database search in PubMed and Google Scholar to identify and collect data regarding the oral adverse effects of ICIs. The early recognition of oral irAEs and appropriative intervention may help in improving the quality of life in patients. This paper presents a brief review of oral irAEs and their management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Faizal Asan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Renita Lorina Castelino
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Subhas G. Babu
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kumuda Rao
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vaibhav Pandita
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Wortsman X, Moll-Manzur C, Ramírez-Cornejo C, Alfaro-Sepúlveda D, Mellado-Francisco G, Rezende J, Vera-Kellet C. Ultrasonographic Subclinical Signs of Inflammation of the Lacrimal, Parotid, and Submandibular Glands in Users of Cosmetic Fillers. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2021; 40:2377-2389. [PMID: 33417303 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To detect ultrasonographic inflammatory signs in the lacrimal, parotid, and submandibular glands in cosmetic fillers (CFs) users. METHODS A prospective and cross-sectional ultrasound study of the glands in cases with CFs was performed. The sample included users of hyaluronic acid, silicone oil, polymethylmethacrylate, polycaprolactone, calcium hydroxyapatite, and polyacrylamide. Abnormalities of the parenchyma and hypervascularity signs of the glands were compared with a control group (n = 10), evaluated by 2 observers, and correlated with the type, number, and location of the facial CFs. Cohen's kappa test and logistic regression models with odds ratios (OR) adjusted by age with 95% CI were performed. RESULTS Sixty-three patients with CFs met the criteria. Parotid and submandibular glands had the highest percentage of parenchymal involvement: 87.3 and 88.9%, respectively (p <.01). Abnormalities of the echostructure of the parenchyma and hypervascularity of the glands were detected with all kinds of fillers without significant differences per type. A significant substantial interrater kappa (0.61) with an agreement of 90% for all glands among observers was found. CONCLUSION Users of common types of CFs frequently present subclinical ultrasonographic signs of inflammation of the lacrimal, parotid, and submandibular glands. Further research on the topic seems necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Wortsman
- Institute for Diagnostic Imaging and Research of the Skin and Soft Tissues, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catherina Moll-Manzur
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Ramírez-Cornejo
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Juliana Rezende
- Department of Radiology, Fernandes Figueira Institute, Niteroi Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristian Vera-Kellet
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Connective Tissue Diseases Unit, Department of Dermatology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Sarideechaigul W, Priprem A, Limsitthichaikoon S, Phothipakdee P, Chaijit R, Jorns TP, Lungruammit N, Chaiya K. Efficacy and safety of two artificial saliva-based polymers containing 0.1% pilocarpine for treatment of xerostomia: A randomized clinical pilot trial. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e994-e1000. [PMID: 34667494 PMCID: PMC8501859 DOI: 10.4317/jced.58415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Topical agents are the mainstay in the treatment of xerostomia, a common complaint most frequently associated with salivary dysfunction. This study aimed to compared the efficacy and safety for xerostomia treatment of 2 artificial saliva preparations containing 0.1% pilocarpine, and, either sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC), or, sodium polyacrylate (SPA).
Material and Methods Thirty-one xerostomia patients were randomly allocated into either a SCMC-treated group (15 patients), or, a SPA-treated group (16 patients). The formulations were taken 0.5 ml, 4 times daily for 6 weeks and double-blinded assessed before and after treatments using Xerostomia Inventory (XI) and Clinical Oral Dryness Score (CODs). Unstimulated and stimulated whole salivary flow rates were measured.
Results After treatment, the SCMC-treated group had significantly lower CODs and higher unstimulated and stimulated whole salivary flow rates (p<0.001, p=0.035, and p=0.013, respectively), while the SPA-treated group showed significantly lower CODs only (p=0.004). In contrast, SCMC-treated and SPA-treated groups at the 6th week after treatments showed non-significant differences in all assessments (p>0.05, all). Some adverse events (AEs) were reported, e.g., burning tongue, dizziness and watery eyes, but no severe AEs.
Conclusions This randomized controlled pilot trial demonstrated superior efficacy of SCMC-formula over a SPA-formula after 6 weeks of xerostomia treatment. These formulations with topical pilocarpine proved safe in clinical use with minimal reported AE. Key words:Xerostomia, artificial saliva, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium polyacrylate, pilocarpine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilairat Sarideechaigul
- Department of Oral Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Neuroscience Research and Development Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Aroonsri Priprem
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand.,Melatonin Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sucharat Limsitthichaikoon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani 12000, Thailand
| | - Pensri Phothipakdee
- Department of Oral Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Rajda Chaijit
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Teekayu P Jorns
- Department of Oral Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.,Neuroscience Research and Development Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Krittiporn Chaiya
- Dental Student, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Storbeck T, Qian F, Marek C, Caplan D, Marchini L. Dose-dependent association between xerostomia and number of medications among older adults. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2021; 42:225-231. [PMID: 34644409 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/AIM To investigate factors associated with self-reported dry mouth (xerostomia) among older adults seeking dental care at a University clinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS A query was performed in the electronic records database and de-identified data were collected from patients aged 65 + recorded on the date that the initial health history was entered. Among these patients, data about patients' medications, gender, age, BMI, tobacco use, alcohol addiction, diabetes, heart disease, joint replacement, allergies to medications, hypertension, and mental disorders were obtained. Evaluation of potential risk factors for dry mouth was performed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyzes (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS A total of 11,061 subjects were included in the analysis, 51.5% of whom were women. The mean age in years was 74.2 ± 7.0, the median number of medications was 7 (IQR = 4-11), and 38.5% of the participants reported dry mouth. The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds of xerostomia for subjects who took 11 +, 7-10, or 4-6 medications were 3.34, 2.07, or 1.38 times those of subjects who had took 0-3 medications, respectively. CONCLUSION Number of medications showed a strong and dose-dependent association with xerostomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner Storbeck
- The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Fang Qian
- The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Cindy Marek
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Daniel Caplan
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Leonardo Marchini
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Xerostomia: an immunotherapy-related adverse effect in cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 2021; 30:1681-1687. [PMID: 34562169 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-021-06535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Xerostomia is an underrecognized adverse effect of immunotherapy (IO) that can significantly impact patients' quality of life by leading to poor nutritional status, dental caries, and oral candidiasis. The purpose of this case series was to describe the onset, severity, clinical course, and management of IO-induced xerostomia. METHODS This was a retrospective case series conducted at an outpatient cancer center. Data collection was conducted via chart review. The severity of dry mouth symptoms was graded using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. RESULTS Six patients with advanced solid tumors who received a PD-1 inhibitor or PD-1/CTLA-4 inhibitor combination therapy were evaluated. The median time to onset of xerostomia was 4.5 months overall, though symptoms developed sooner in patients who received IO as subsequent-line therapy (median = 1.9 months). All patients developed other immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) such as hypothyroidism. Five patients (83%) had grade 2 dry mouth symptoms, and similarly, 5 patients eventually required prescription medications such as sialogogues and topical or systemic corticosteroids to alleviate symptoms. Two patients (33%) required interruptions in IO. All 3 patients who received cevimeline noticed improvement in symptoms, and one patient who received prednisone dosed at 1 mg/kg/day tapered over 5 weeks also experienced significant relief. CONCLUSION While the optimal management of IO-induced xerostomia has not yet been established by national guidelines, increased awareness can prompt faster initiation of supportive care measures that can prevent significant discomfort and poor oral intake. Thoughtful use of over-the-counter topical agents, sialogogues, corticosteroids, and treatment interruptions can help improve tolerability of this adverse effect.
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Organoid Models for Salivary Gland Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:9922597. [PMID: 34497651 PMCID: PMC8421180 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9922597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The salivary gland is composed of an elegant epithelial network that secrets saliva and maintains oral homeostasis. While cell lines and animal models furthered our understanding of salivary gland biology, they cannot replicate key aspects of the human salivary gland tissue, particularly the complex architecture and microenvironmental features that dictate salivary gland function. Organoid cultures provide an alternative system to recapitulate salivary gland tissue in vitro, and salivary gland organoids have been generated from pluripotent stem cells and adult stem/progenitor cells. In this review, we describe salivary gland organoids, the advances and limitations, and the promising potential for regenerative medicine.
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Nascimento PC, Ferreira MKM, Balbinot KM, Alves-Júnior SM, Viana Pinheiro JDJ, Silveira FM, Martins MD, Crespo-Lopez ME, Lima RR. Methylmercury-Induced Toxicopathologic Findings in Salivary Glands of Offspring Rats After Gestational and Lactational Exposure. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:2983-2991. [PMID: 33009984 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02409-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is one of the main global pollutants. The vulnerability of fetus and newborn to MeHg-induced changes is extensively reported, making relevant investigation possible for alternative sample matrix for human biological monitoring for at this stage of life. This study aimed to characterize tissue change effects of environmental-experimental MeHg on salivary glands of offspring rats after pre- and postnatal exposure. For this, pregnant Wistar rats were orally exposed to MeHg (40 μg/kg BW/day) or only vehicle (control group), from the gestational period to the end of the lactation period. Salivary glands (SG) were collected from the offspring to analyze possible Hg levels and main findings by histopathological evaluations and CK19 and α-SMA immunostaining. The results indicated that Hg levels in SG of intoxicated offspring were associated with histologic abnormalities, such as acinar atrophy and an increase in the intercellular matrix among the acini, as well as damages in the architecture of epithelium and myoepithelial cells, evidenced by a decrease in immunostaining area. Thus, this is the first study to show in the literature the toxicopathologic findings on SG of offspring after pre- and postnatal exposure to MeHg. Moreover, it presents the SG as an attractive target to futures studies, mainly in children exposed to environmentally relevant doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Cunha Nascimento
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Rua Augusto Corrêa n° 1, Campus do Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Maria Karolina Martins Ferreira
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Rua Augusto Corrêa n° 1, Campus do Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
| | | | - Sérgio Melo Alves-Júnior
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe Martins Silveira
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria Elena Crespo-Lopez
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Para, Rua Augusto Corrêa n° 1, Campus do Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil.
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de Oliveira AB, Ferrisse TM, Salomão KB, Miranda ML, Bufalino A, Brighenti FL. Photobiomodulation in the treatment of xerostomia associated with hyposalivation in a pediatric patient with systemic scleroderma. Autops Case Rep 2021; 11:e2020220. [PMID: 34277488 PMCID: PMC8101649 DOI: 10.4322/acr.2020.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Scleroderma is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by excessive collagen production. The oral manifestations of the patient with scleroderma can include microstomia, xerostomia, and changes in the resorption teeth. We report the case of a 7-year-old female patient diagnosed with systemic scleroderma where photobiomodulation therapy was used to treat xerostomia associated with hyposalivation. She attended a pediatric clinic and presented with dry and rigid facial skin, trismus, xerostomia, malocclusion, and difficulty swallowing. Stimulated salivary flow was assessed before, during, and after treatment. Photobiomodulation therapy was conducted at four points at the sublingual glands with 660 nm, 100 mW, and 0.8 J/cm2 to each point; eight points at the parotid glands; and six points at the submandibular glands with 808 nm, 100 mW, and 0.8 J/cm2 for 8 seconds at each point. After this therapy, an increase in salivary flow, remission of the xerostomia, and an improvement in mastication and swallowing were observed. Photobiomodulation therapy was effective in controlling xerostomia in this pediatric patient, resulting in increased salivary flow and an improvement in her quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analú Barros de Oliveira
- Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (Unesp), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Departamento de Morfologia e Clínica Infantil, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Túlio Morandin Ferrisse
- Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (Unesp), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Departamento de Diagnóstico e Cirurgia, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Karina Borges Salomão
- Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (Unesp), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Departamento de Morfologia e Clínica Infantil, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Marina Lins Miranda
- Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (Unesp), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Departamento de Morfologia e Clínica Infantil, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Andreia Bufalino
- Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (Unesp), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Departamento de Diagnóstico e Cirurgia, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Lourenção Brighenti
- Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (Unesp), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Departamento de Morfologia e Clínica Infantil, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
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64
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Effects of oligonol on the submandibular gland in ovariectomized rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111897. [PMID: 34328116 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to observe the effects of oligonol on submandibular gland dysfunction in ovariectomized rats. We randomly divided female Sprague-Dawley rats into sham-operated, ovariectomized, and oligonol-treated ovariectomized groups. Oligonol was intraperitoneally administered at 30 mg/kg daily for six weeks. Lipogenesis increased after the ovariectomy while fatty acid oxidation increased and intracellular triglyceride levels decreased in response to oligonol treatment. Submandibular gland fibrosis characterized by collagen type I accumulation was observed in the ovariectomized group. However, oligonol markedly reduced fibrosis to a level comparable to that observed in the sham group. Aquaporin 1 and glucose transporter 4 were downregulated in the ovariectomized group. Nevertheless, both factors were significantly upregulated by oligonol treatment. However, aquaporin 5 was significantly downregulated in the oligonol treatment group. Our findings indicate that oligonol protects against damage in postmenopausal rat salivary glands.
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65
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Factors Influencing Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults in Rural Areas: Oral Dryness and Oral Health Knowledge and Behavior. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084295. [PMID: 33919539 PMCID: PMC8073921 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The oral health of older adults is an important factor affecting their overall health and quality of life. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of oral health of older adults living at home in rural areas and investigate factors affecting oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), especially oral dryness and oral health knowledge and behavior. A descriptive correlational study was conducted. In total, 117 participants were included in the final analysis. Data were collected using questionnaires for oral dryness, oral health knowledge and behavior, and OHRQoL. In addition, oral dryness was measured by mechanical measurements. Oral health knowledge was positively correlated with oral health behavior (r = 0.18, p = 0.029) and OHRQoL (r = 0.25, p = 0.003). In addition, a positive correlation between oral health behavior and OHRQoL (r = 0.24, p = 0.005) was observed. Multiple regression analysis revealed that subjective oral dryness (β = −4.99, p = 0.001) had a significant effect on OHRQoL. To improve OHRQoL in the rural elderly, health providers should pay attention to oral dryness and comprehensively evaluate it. The development of prevention programs and continuous education that can improve oral health knowledge and behavior is also required.
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Abstract
Over the next several decades, rates of aged populations will increase rapidly. These populations are susceptible to multimorbidities and polypharmacy (concurrently, prescribed 5 or more medications). Many medications have side effects that manifest orally. Therefore, it essential to possess current pharmacologic knowledge to diagnose and treat oral implications of commonly prescribed medications. This article details common medication-induced oral lesions and patient assessment of risk factors for polypharmacy and provides a template to integrate medication reconciliation into dental clinical practice.
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67
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Makeeva IM, Budina TV, Turkina AY, Poluektov MG, Kondratiev SA, Arakelyan MG, Signore A, Amaroli A. Xerostomia and hyposalivation in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. Clin Otolaryngol 2021; 46:782-787. [PMID: 33548090 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE (a) To report the xerostomia prevalence and severity in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). (b) To assess the saliva pH in patients with OSA. DESIGN Simultaneous cohort observational clinical study. SETTING In Sleep Medicine Centre at Lomonosov Moscow State University from March to June 2019. PARTICIPANTS The study was conducted on 30 patients with OSA aged from 35 to 65 years. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES The diagnosis of sleep apnoea was made after standard polysomnography using the Domino programme. The severity of OSA was indicated using the Apnoea-Hypopnea Index. Xerostomia was evaluated using Fox's test. Hyposalivation was evaluated by measurement of salivary flow rate. Determination of the saliva pH was carried out with a pH metre. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer multi-comparison test. RESULTS Twenty-two out of 30 (73.3%) patients were diagnosed with "dry mouth". Hyposalivation was observed in 6 out of 30 (20%). Dry mouth on awakening was observed in 60.0%, 72.7% and 88.9% of patients with mild, moderate and severe OSA, respectively. The average salivary flow rate was 0.28 mL/min, 0.24 mL/min and 0.14 mL/min, respectively. The average pH value in patients with mild, moderate and severe apnoea was 6.40 ± 0.017, 6.15 ± 0.27 and 5.87 ± 0.24, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In patient with mild and moderate OSA, the saliva amount and rate are similar (P > .05). With the increase of OSA severity, both these parameters change (P < .001). The acidity of the saliva was correlated with the level of OSA, and it statistically increased with the increment of the OSA severity (P < .05-P < .001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Michajlovna Makeeva
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Vasilievna Budina
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Yurjevna Turkina
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Sergey Alexeevitch Kondratiev
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marianna Georgievna Arakelyan
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Antonio Signore
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (D.I.S.C), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Amaroli
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (D.I.S.C), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Orthopedic Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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68
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Chen TC, Cheng DH, Hsu ML, Lei YP. Application of masticatory control in dental treatment for elderly individuals. J Chin Med Assoc 2021; 84:125-128. [PMID: 33306597 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Taiwan transitioned to an aged society in 2018. Appropriate dental treatment is important for elderly individuals. Previously, reconstruction of the dentition was thought to help regain chewing function. However, concerns of the elderly population, such as decline in learning ability and saliva secretion, complicate dental reconstruction. Overlooking the special needs of elderly individuals may lead to impaired chewing function, resulting in nutritional imbalances and increased burden on the digestive tract, causing more health disorders. For the elderly population, treatment must be aimed at restoring as much chewing function as possible with minimal changes. Additionally, regular oral hygiene care, proper design of fixed partial dentures, and implant placement greatly reduce the difficulty in adapting to a new prosthesis. These measures allow us to provide better quality of life for elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Chung Chen
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Dong-Hui Cheng
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Lun Hsu
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Ping Lei
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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69
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Lavrador M, Castel-Branco MM, Cabral AC, Veríssimo MT, Figueiredo IV, Fernandez-Llimos F. Association between anticholinergic burden and anticholinergic adverse outcomes in the elderly: Pharmacological basis of their predictive value for adverse outcomes. Pharmacol Res 2020; 163:105306. [PMID: 33248197 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The use of anticholinergic drugs and other drugs with anticholinergic activity is highly prevalent in older people. Cumulative anticholinergic effects, known as anticholinergic burden, are associated with important peripheral and central adverse effects and outcomes. Several methods have been developed to quantify anticholinergic burden and to estimate the risk of adverse anticholinergic effects. Serum anticholinergic activity (SAA) and anticholinergic burden scoring systems are the most commonly used methods to predict the occurrence of important negative outcomes. These tools could guide clinicians in making more rational prescriptions to enhance patient safety, especially in older people. However, the literature has reported conflicting results about the predictive ability of these tools. The majority of these instruments ignore relevant pharmacologic aspects such as the doses used, differential muscarinic receptor subtype affinities, and blood-brain barrier permeability. To increase the clinical relevance of these tools, mechanistic and clinical pharmacology should collaborate. This narrative review describes the rational and pharmacological basis of anticholinergic burden tools and provides insight about their predictive value for adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lavrador
- University of Coimbra, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - M Margarida Castel-Branco
- University of Coimbra, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ana C Cabral
- University of Coimbra, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Manuel T Veríssimo
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Isabel V Figueiredo
- University of Coimbra, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- University of Porto, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy. Rua Jorge Viterbo 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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70
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Kwon HK, Kim JM, Shin SC, Sung ES, Kim HS, Park GC, Cheon YI, Lee JC, Lee BJ. The mechanism of submandibular gland dysfunction after menopause may be associated with the ferroptosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:21376-21390. [PMID: 33159020 PMCID: PMC7695378 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Salivary gland dysfunction is a common symptom that occurs after menopause. This study was performed to investigate the mechanism of salivary gland dysfunction to confirm the relationship between ferroptosis and salivary gland dysfunction by ovariectomy. Forty-eight female rats were randomly divided into four groups (12 rats in each group). Histology, real time PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, cytosolic iron assay, and salivary function were analyzed. Human salivary gland tissue analysis was also done. Lipogenesis and lipid deposition in the submandibular gland tissue occurred after ovariectomy. ROS generation, MDA+HAE was increased and GPX4 activity was decreased and in the OVX group compared to the CON group. Iron deposition in the submandibular gland tissue was increased in the OVX group. Submandibular gland fibrosis was increased and saliva secretion was decreased in the OVX group. In human submandibular gland analysis, lipid and iron deposition was also increased in the postmenopause group. This is the first in vivo study in which salivary gland dysfunction is associated with the ferroptosis in postmenopausal animal model. Increased lipid and iron deposition in normal submandibular gland tissues of postmenopausal women can suggest that the salivary gland dysfunction after menopause may be associated with the ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Keun Kwon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National University and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Pusan National University Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung-Chan Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National University and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Eui-Suk Sung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hyung-Sik Kim
- Department of Life Science in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Gi Cheol Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Yong-Il Cheon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National University and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jin-Choon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Pusan National University and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
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71
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Galiano-Castillo N, Liu L, Lozano-Lozano M, Tumilty S, Cantarero-Villanueva I, Baxter GD. Acute and cumulative benefits of Photobiomodulation for xerostomia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Dis 2020; 27:1115-1126. [PMID: 32964596 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to explore the effectiveness of photobiomodulation therapy for treating patients who suffer xerostomia and/or hyposalivation due to the most prevalent clinical diagnoses. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and Cochrane Library for randomized or clinical controlled trials published until 31 October 2019. Risk of bias assessment and meta-analysis were conducted using the Cochrane tools. A total of 274 records were retrieved, and 11 met the inclusion criteria. Interventions whose parameters ranged between wavelengths of 790-830 nm (infrared), 30-120 mW of power and an energy density below 30 J/cm-2 were associated with improvements in xerostomia/hyposalivation. As for the assessment of methodological quality, 10 of the 11 articles included had a high risk of overall bias. Only 3 articles provided sufficient information to conduct a meta-analysis for quality of life, compared with placebo in patients with burning mouth syndrome, showing a standardized mean difference between groups from baseline of -0.90 (-1.48; -0.32). The present review and meta-analysis suggest that photobiomodulation therapy is an effective, non-invasive and safe approach in patients with xerostomia. However, despite the potential, it is not possible to reach a reliable consensus on the parameters to be used, and future studies should be conducted by standardizing intervention protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Galiano-Castillo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Sport and Health Joint University Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain.,Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,'Cuídate' Support Unit for Oncology Patients (UAPO-Cuídate), Granada, Spain
| | - Lizhou Liu
- Centre for Health, Activity, and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mario Lozano-Lozano
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Sport and Health Joint University Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain.,Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,'Cuídate' Support Unit for Oncology Patients (UAPO-Cuídate), Granada, Spain
| | - Steve Tumilty
- Centre for Health, Activity, and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Irene Cantarero-Villanueva
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Sport and Health Joint University Institute (iMUDS), Granada, Spain.,Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,'Cuídate' Support Unit for Oncology Patients (UAPO-Cuídate), Granada, Spain
| | - George David Baxter
- Centre for Health, Activity, and Rehabilitation Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Mizuhashi F, Morita T, Toya S, Sato R, Watarai Y, Koide K. Protein Ingredient in Saliva on Oral Dryness Patients Caused by Calcium Blocker. Geriatrics (Basel) 2020; 5:geriatrics5040070. [PMID: 33036340 PMCID: PMC7709676 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics5040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral dryness as a side effect of certain drugs is increasing. The aim of this study was to examine the change of the protein ingredient in saliva of oral dryness patients caused by calcium blocker. Six patients taking calcium blocker and six healthy elderly were enrolled. Unstimulated salivary flow rate, protein concentration, and flow rate of protein were measured and compared between the patients taking calcium blocker and healthy elderly. iTRAQ (Isobaric Tag for Relative and Absolute Quantitation) proteomic analysis was performed to extract the salivary protein changed in patient taking calcium blocker, and the intensities of Western blotting products were quantified (unpaired t-test). Unstimulated salivary flow rate was significantly lower on patients taking calcium blocker (p < 0.01). Protein concentration tended to be higher and the flow rate of protein tended to be lower on patients. As the result of iTRAQ proteomic analysis, calmodulin-like protein 3, glutathione S-transferase P, and keratin type I cytoskeletal 13 increased characteristically in patient taking calcium blocker, and the expression in calmodulin-like protein 3 was significantly larger (p < 0.01). The results of this study indicated that calmodulin-like protein 3 increased in patients taking calcium blocker and could be a salivary biomarker for oral dryness caused by calcium blocker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumi Mizuhashi
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, the Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata 951-8580, Japan; (Y.W.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-25-267-1500
| | - Takao Morita
- Department of Biochemistry, the Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata 951-8580, Japan; (T.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Shuji Toya
- Dry Mouth Clinic, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Nippon Dental University Niigata Hospital, Niigata 951-8580, Japan;
| | - Ritsuko Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, the Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata 951-8580, Japan; (T.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Yuko Watarai
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, the Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata 951-8580, Japan; (Y.W.); (K.K.)
| | - Kaoru Koide
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, the Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata 951-8580, Japan; (Y.W.); (K.K.)
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73
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Najafi S, Nosrati H, Faraji Z, Mohamadnia A, Shirian S, Mortazavi SM, Bahrami N. Reconstruction of necrotic submandibular salivary gland using mesenchymal stem cells. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05162. [PMID: 33083616 PMCID: PMC7551326 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of mesnchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat the necrotic tissue of salivary glands (SGs) has yet investigated. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to investigate the potential capacity of MSCs to restore the function and regenerate the necrotic submandiular gland in the rat animal model. METHODS Twenty-one Sprague-Dawley rats were provided from a breeding colony and randomly divided into three groups including the positive control or induced SG atrophy without treatment, the treatment group or induced SG atrophy with MSCs isolated transplantation and the negative control group consists of healthy rats. The atrophic and necrotic submandiular gland was induced using intraoral duct ligation of the main duct of submandiular gland for one month. The isolated stem cells were confirmed using flow cytometry for CD90 and CD 105. The isolated MSCs were cultured and injected to submandiular gland and the potential efficacy of MSCs to treat the atrophic submandibular glands was evaluated using histopathology on two weeks post-transplantation. To detect the acinar cell protein secretory granules, Alcian Blue and periodic acid shift (PAS) staining were done. For the demonstration of mitotic index or proliferation rate of the SG epithelia tissue, Ki-67 and Smbg proteins expression were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The locally injected MSCs could regenerate the overall histological structure of the necrotic submandibular gland tissue within 2 weeks of post-transplantation. Alcian Blue and PAS staining indicated that the mean amount of serous and mucin secretions in the treatment group was significantly increased compared to the positive control groups. We have also found that the treatment group significantly express higher Ki-67 protein, as a diagnostic marker for cell mitosis and proliferation rate, and lower Smbg protein, as a diagnostic marker, for damage to the submandibular gland than that of control group. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the therapeutic benefits of MSCs isolated from the SG in treating atrophic and necrotic SGs in a rat model. MSCs may be potential candidates for cell-based therapies targeting hypofunction of SG induced by a range of diseases or because of surgery and radiotherapy of head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsoulmolouk Najafi
- Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Dept. of Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Dept of Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Faraji
- Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Mohamadnia
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Shirian
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
- Shiraz Molecular Pathology Research Cenetr, Dr Daneshbod Lab, Shiraz, Iran
- Shefa Neuroscience Reseach Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Mortazavi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Naghmeh Bahrami
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Craniomaxillofacial Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lavrador M, Cabral AC, Figueiredo IV, Veríssimo MT, Castel-Branco MM, Fernandez-Llimos F. Size of the associations between anticholinergic burden tool scores and adverse outcomes in older patients. Int J Clin Pharm 2020; 43:128-136. [PMID: 32860598 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-020-01117-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Background Several anticholinergic scales and equations to evaluate the anticholinergic burden have been previously created. Association of these instruments with the anticholinergic outcomes are usually estimated by means of hypothesis contrast tests, which ignore the size of the association effect. Objective To evaluate the effect size of the associations between the scores on cumulative anticholinergic burden instruments with peripheral or central anticholinergic adverse outcomes in older patients. Setting Internal medicine ward of a Tertiary University Hospital. Methods A case-control study was conducted in patients over 65 years who were admitted to two internal medicine wards of a Portuguese university hospital. The Anticholinergic Drug Scale, Anticholinergic Risk Scale, Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden scale and Drug Burden Index were used to calculate the patients' anticholinergic burden. Peripheral (dry mouth-swab technique; dry eye-Schirmer test) and central (falls and cognitive impairment-Mini-Mental State Examination) anticholinergic adverse outcomes were investigated. The Barthel Index was used to assess overall physical functionality. The Mann-Whitney test was used to evaluate probabilistic differences in the anticholinergic scores between case and control individuals. To establish the effect size of the associations, the area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristics curve was calculated. Main outcome measure Anticholinergic adverse effects. Results A total of 250 patients (mean age 81.67 years, standard deviation 7.768; 50% females) were included. In total, 148 patients (59.2%) presented with dry mouth, 85 (34%) with dry eye, 141 (56.4%) with impaired functionality, 44 (17.6%) with a history of falls and 219 (87.6%) with cognitive impairment. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were obtained for the majority of the associations between Anticholinergic Drug Scale, Anticholinergic Risk Scale, Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden and Drug Burden Index and adverse effects. Conversely, the effect sizes of these associations ranged from "fail" (area under the curve 0.5 to 0.6) to "fair" (area under the curve 0.7 to 0.8). Conclusion Although significant differences in the scores of anticholinergic burden instruments and adverse outcomes may exist, the effect sizes of these associations ranged from 'fail' to 'fair', which limits their utility in preventing anticholinergic adverse outcomes with medication review interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lavrador
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana C Cabral
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel V Figueiredo
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel T Veríssimo
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M Margarida Castel-Branco
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Care Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Agha-Hosseini F, Moosavi MS, Mirzaii-Dizgah I, Samami M. Muscarinic cholinergic receptors in minor salivary gland tissues of patients with oral lichen planus: A case-control study. J Oral Pathol Med 2020; 49:816-821. [PMID: 32744338 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common, chronic immunological and inflammatory condition. Many of the OLP patients complain of xerostomia. The M3 muscarinic cholinergic receptors (MR3) are the main receptors in the salivary glands responsible for water secretion into the saliva. This study aimed to assess the level of M3 muscarinic cholinergic receptors in minor salivary glands of OLP patients. METHODS This case-control cross-sectional study evaluated 40 OLP patients and 22 controls. All participants completed two questionnaires (xerostomia and xerostomia inventory). Stimulated and unstimulated saliva samples were collected. The saliva flow rate was calculated by dividing the saliva volume (in milliliters) by time (in minutes). Six minor salivary glands were also surgically removed from the lower lip of patients and controls, and weighed using a digital scale with 10-4 g accuracy. They were then frozen at -80°C, and the level of M3 receptors of the glands was determined using the ELISA kit. RESULTS The unstimulated and stimulated saliva flow rate was significantly lower in OLP patients. The xerostomia inventory score was significantly higher in the OLP group. The level of M3 muscarinic receptors in minor salivary glands of OLP patients was significantly higher than that in controls. CONCLUSIONS It may be concluded that the reduction in saliva flow significantly increases the number of M3 receptors in an attempt to compensate for this shortage and prevent xerostomia (compensatory upregulation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Agha-Hosseini
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,The Academy of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran, Fellowship of Research Biology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh-Sadat Moosavi
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Mirzaii-Dizgah
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Samami
- Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Koshiyama S, Tanimura K, Ito K, Funayama S, Hira D, Komase Y, Sato S. Gastroesophageal reflux-like symptoms are associated with hyposalivation and oropharyngeal problems in patients with asthma. Respir Investig 2020; 59:114-119. [PMID: 32665193 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested a significant relationship between hyposalivation and inhalation therapy-induced oropharyngeal problems. However, salivary secretion tests are not widely performed in daily clinical practice. In fact, xerostomia, the complaint of dry mouth, may not indicate hyposalivation. Therefore, we determined the clinical factors associated with hyposalivation in patients with asthma. METHODS This study is a post-hoc analysis of our previous studies. Adult patients with asthma on maintenance inhalation therapy were enrolled. The participants completed questionnaires on oropharyngeal symptoms and underwent a salivary secretion test. Symptom severity was evaluated using a numerical rating scale (NRS), and salivary secretion was measured using the modified cotton roll method. Using logistic regression analysis, we identified the clinical factors associated with hyposalivation. RESULTS In total, 531 patients completed the questionnaire (43.8 ± 16.9 years and male/female = 171/360), and 234 patients successfully performed a salivary secretion test, of which 126 (53.8%) were diagnosed with hyposalivation (<0.25 g/min). The patients with hyposalivation were significantly older (p < 0.0001) and had severe xerostomia and/or gastroesophageal reflux-like symptoms (GERLS) (p < 0.0001). Many of these patients had also used inhaled long-acting beta agonists (p = 0.012) and high-dose inhaled corticosteroids (p = 0.024). Multivariate analysis revealed that advanced age (odds ratio [OR] 1.05, p < 0.0001), severe xerostomia (OR 1.02, p = 0.0006) and severe GERLS (OR 1.02, p = 0.001) were independently and significantly associated with hyposalivation. CONCLUSIONS Age, xerostomia, and GERLS were significantly related to hyposalivation in patients with asthma. To identify oropharyngeal problems in these patients, a careful assessment of the suspected symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux may be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setsuko Koshiyama
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical Association, 563 Bairin-cho, Higashioji Gojo Agaru, Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto, 605-0863, Japan; NPO Association of Inhalation Therapist, 1197-1 Yasashi-cho, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-0811, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Tanimura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan; NPO Association of Inhalation Therapist, 1197-1 Yasashi-cho, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-0811, Japan.
| | - Kayoko Ito
- Oral Rehabilitation, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, 754 Asahimachi-dori Ichibancho, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8520, Japan.
| | - Saori Funayama
- Oral Rehabilitation, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, 754 Asahimachi-dori Ichibancho, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8520, Japan.
| | - Daiki Hira
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan; NPO Association of Inhalation Therapist, 1197-1 Yasashi-cho, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-0811, Japan.
| | - Yuko Komase
- Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama-City Seibu Hospital, 1197-1 Yasashi-cho, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-0811, Japan; NPO Association of Inhalation Therapist, 1197-1 Yasashi-cho, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-0811, Japan.
| | - Susumu Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan; NPO Association of Inhalation Therapist, 1197-1 Yasashi-cho, Asahi-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241-0811, Japan.
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Saito E, Watari I, Mizumachi-Kubono M, Hsu-Hayashi S, Ono T. Occlusional Modifications Reversibly Alter Aquaporin 5 Expression and Localization in Rat Salivary Glands. Front Physiol 2020; 11:528. [PMID: 32587522 PMCID: PMC7298139 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aquaporin 5 (AQP5) is a water channel–forming protein that plays a key role in saliva secretion. A decrease in masticatory function associated with the molar extraction adversely affects the submandibular salivary gland (SMG) in rats, inducing hypertrophic changes in the acinar cells and the expression of AQP5 in acinar cells or intercalated duct of the SMG. However, changes in AQP5 expression and localization in the SMG in association with occlusal modification have not been fully characterized. Methods We examined the influence of the decline and recovery of masticatory function on expression and localization of AQP5 in the rat SMG by inserting and removing an incisor bite plate (IBP). Thirty 5-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into IBP (n = 12), recovery (REC) (n = 6), and control (CON) (n = 12) groups. Each rat in both the IBP and REC groups was fitted with the IBP on its maxillary incisors. Rats without the IBPs served as controls. All rats were fed powder diet and water ad libitum. Rats in the IBP and CON groups were sacrificed after 14 (n = 6) and 28 (n = 6) days after the IBP attachment. In the REC group, the IBP was detached on the 14th day and sacrificed on 28th day after the IBP attachment. AQP5 mRNA expression was quantified by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Changes in the localization of AQP5 were tracked by immunohistochemical staining. Results Attachment of IBP resulted in a decrease in the expression of AQP5 in the IBP group. Changes in the localization of AQP5 were observed between 14 and 28 days in the IBP group. In contrast, changes in the expression and localization of AQP5 were not observed in the REC group. Conclusion Findings suggested that a loss of molar occlusion, due to the IBP attachment, altered AQP5 expression and localization in the rat SMG. However, removal of the bite plate allowed the recovery of both AQP5 expression and its normal localization in the SMGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Saito
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ippei Watari
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Mizumachi-Kubono
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumire Hsu-Hayashi
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Ono
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Mizuhashi F, Koide K, Toya S, Nashida T. Measurement of Oral Moisture on Oral Dryness Patients. Geriatrics (Basel) 2020; 5:geriatrics5020028. [PMID: 32365777 PMCID: PMC7344538 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics5020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Many elderly patients have oral dryness; thus, it is necessary to evaluate the oral moisture in a clinical setting. The aim of this study was to clarify the importance of controlling the measuring pressure of the oral moisture-checking device. The influence of the measuring pressure of the oral moisture-checking device was examined using agar under 10 measuring pressure conditions (Kruskal–Wallis test). Fifty-five oral dryness patients were examined the lingual moisture using the device with and without a tongue depressor. The tongue depressor was placed underneath the tongue to support it during the measurement. The mean value and the coefficient of variation of five measurements was evaluated (paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-ranks test). The agar moisture values changed according to the measuring pressure (p < 0.05). The lingual moisture value with the tongue depressor was higher than that without the tongue depressor (p < 0.05). The coefficient of variation with the tongue depressor was smaller than that without the tongue depressor (p < 0.01). The results of this study indicated that the measuring pressure of oral moisture-checking device influenced the measurement value, and it is necessary to support the tongue for the measurement of lingual mucosal moisture in a uniform manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumi Mizuhashi
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata 951-8580, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-25-267-1500
| | - Kaoru Koide
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata 951-8580, Japan;
| | - Shuji Toya
- Dry Mouth Clinic, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Nippon Dental University Niigata Hospital, Niigata 951-8580, Japan;
| | - Tomoko Nashida
- Department of Biochemistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata 951-8580, Japan;
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Wang G, Zhao B, Kong Y, Ma D, Yang L, Song Y, Wang X. A preliminary study on submariners with xerostomia after a 3-month deployment. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19523. [PMID: 32332601 PMCID: PMC7220551 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To observe the clinical manifestations and salivary secretion of xerostomia patients in submariners who engaged in a three-month deployment. The general conditions and clinical examination of the 136 submariners were evaluated, by which the patients with xerostomia were screened out and their clinical manifestations were recorded. Besides, the flow rate of unstimulated saliva and stimulated saliva was measured and calculated. Subsequently, the related factors of xerostomia were quantitatively classified and statistically analyzed. In all the involved submariners, 42 were diagnosed to have xerostomia by physical examination after they returned from the task, among which 71.4% showed a decrease in unstimulated salivary flow rate and it was significantly correlated with the accompanying symptoms and their general conditions. Therefore, it was concluded that the occurrence of xerostomia could be related to the service life and job responsibilities of the submariners. The main manifestations were the reduction of unstimulated salivary secretion and the accompanying clinical symptoms such as cheilosis and angular cheilitis. Noticeably, the high psychological pressure and harsh living conditions need to be concerned, and further study should place more concentrations on these comprehensive influence factors and preventive actions of xerostomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Wang
- Department of Stomatology, No. 971 Hospital of the PLA Navy
| | - Baodong Zhao
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Stomatological School and The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao
| | - Yujia Kong
- Department of Public Health and Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong
| | - DeXun Ma
- Department of Stomatology, No. 971 Hospital of the PLA Navy
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Stomatology, No. 971 Hospital of the PLA Navy
| | - Yingliang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Stomatological School and The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao
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Rosa L, Lepanto MS, Cutone A, Ianiro G, Pernarella S, Sangermano R, Musci G, Ottolenghi L, Valenti P. Lactoferrin and oral pathologies: a therapeutic treatment. Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 99:81-90. [PMID: 32213143 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2020-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity is a non-uniform, extraordinary environment characterized by mucosal, epithelial, abiotic surfaces and secretions as saliva. Aerobic and anaerobic commensal and pathogenic microorganisms colonize the tongue, teeth, jowl, gingiva, and periodontium. Commensals exert an important role in host defenses, while pathogenic microorganisms can nullify this protective function causing oral and systemic diseases. Every day, 750-1000 mL of saliva, containing several host defense constituents including lactoferrin (Lf), are secreted and swallowed. Lf is a multifunctional iron-chelating cationic glycoprotein of innate immunity. Depending on, or regardless of its iron-binding ability, Lf exerts bacteriostatic, bactericidal, antibiofilm, antioxidant, antiadhesive, anti-invasive, and anti-inflammatory activities. Here, we report the protective role of Lf in different oral pathologies, such as xerostomia, halitosis, alveolar or maxillary bone damage, gingivitis, periodontitis, and black stain. Unlike antibiotic therapy, which is ineffective against bacteria that are within a biofilm, adherent, or intracellular, the topical administration of Lf, through its simultaneous activity against microbial replication, biofilms, adhesion, and invasiveness, as well as inflammation, has been proven to be efficient in the treatment of all known oral pathologies without any adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Rosa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antimo Cutone
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, Italy
| | - Giusi Ianiro
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, Italy
| | - Stefania Pernarella
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sangermano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Musci
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, Italy
| | - Livia Ottolenghi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Piera Valenti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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Sui Y, Zhang S, Li Y, Zhang X, Hu W, Feng Y, Xiong J, Zhang Y, Wei S. Generation of functional salivary gland tissue from human submandibular gland stem/progenitor cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:127. [PMID: 32197647 PMCID: PMC7083056 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01628-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Organ replacement regenerative therapy based on human adult stem cells may be effective for salivary gland hypofunction. However, the generated tissues are immature because the signaling factors that induce the differentiation of human salivary gland stem cells into salivary glands are unknown. Methods Isolated human submandibular gland stem/progenitor cells (hSMGepiS/PCs) were characterized and three-dimensionally (3D) cultured to generate organoids and further induced by fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) in vitro. The induced spheres alone or in combination with embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) mouse salivary gland mesenchyme were transplanted into the renal capsules of nude mice to assess their development in vivo. Immunofluorescence, quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, calcium release analysis, western blotting, hematoxylin–eosin staining, Alcian blue–periodic acid-Schiff staining, and Masson’s trichrome staining were performed to assess the structure and function of generated tissues in vitro and in vivo. Results The isolated hSMGepiS/PCs could be long-term cultured with a stable genome. The organoids treated with FGF10 [FGF10 (+) group] exhibited higher expression of salivary gland–specific markers; showed spatial arrangement of AQP5+, K19+, and SMA+ cells; and were more sensitive to the stimulation by neurotransmitters than untreated organoids [FGF10 (−) group]. After heterotopic transplantation, the induced cell spheres combined with mouse embryonic salivary gland mesenchyme showed characteristics of mature salivary glands, including a natural morphology and saliva secretion. Conclusion FGF10 promoted the development of the hSMGepiS/PC-derived salivary gland organoids by the expression of differentiation markers, structure formation, and response to neurotransmitters in vitro. Moreover, the hSMGepiS/PCs responded to the niche in mouse embryonic mesenchyme and further differentiated into salivary gland tissues with mature characteristics. Our study provides a foundation for the regenerative therapy of salivary gland diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Central Laboratory, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, No. 22 Zhong-Guan-Cun South Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yongliang Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Central Laboratory, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, No. 22 Zhong-Guan-Cun South Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, and State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Waner Hu
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, and State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanrui Feng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Central Laboratory, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, No. 22 Zhong-Guan-Cun South Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jingwei Xiong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, 391 Technology Way, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Shicheng Wei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Central Laboratory, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, No. 22 Zhong-Guan-Cun South Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100081, China. .,Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Niemirowicz-Laskowska K, Mystkowska J, Łysik D, Chmielewska S, Tokajuk G, Misztalewska-Turkowicz I, Wilczewska AZ, Bucki R. Antimicrobial and Physicochemical Properties of Artificial Saliva Formulations Supplemented with Core-Shell Magnetic Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061979. [PMID: 32183193 PMCID: PMC7139618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Saliva plays a crucial role in oral cavity. In addition to its buffering and moisturizing properties, saliva fulfills many biofunctional requirements, including antibacterial activity that is essential to assure proper oral microbiota growth. Due to numerous extra- and intra-systemic factors, there are many disorders of its secretion, leading to oral dryness. Saliva substitutes used in such situations must meet many demands. This study was design to evaluate the effect of core-shell magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) adding (gold-coated and aminosilane-coated nanoparticles NPs) on antimicrobial (microorganism adhesion, biofilm formation), rheological (viscosity, viscoelasticity) and physicochemical (pH, surface tension, conductivity) properties of three commercially available saliva formulations. Upon the addition of NPs (20 µg/mL), antibacterial activity of artificial saliva was found to increase against tested microorganisms by 20% to 50%. NPs, especially gold-coated ones, decrease the adhesion of Gram-positive and fungal cells by 65% and Gram-negative bacteria cells by 45%. Moreover, the addition of NPs strengthened the antimicrobial properties of tested artificial saliva, without influencing their rheological and physicochemical properties, which stay within the range characterizing the natural saliva collected from healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Niemirowicz-Laskowska
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (K.N.-L.); (S.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Joanna Mystkowska
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-571-443-083
| | - Dawid Łysik
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Sylwia Chmielewska
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (K.N.-L.); (S.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Grażyna Tokajuk
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland;
| | | | - Agnieszka Z. Wilczewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Białystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (I.M.-T.); (A.Z.W.)
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (K.N.-L.); (S.C.); (R.B.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Stefana Żeromskiego 5, 25-001 Kielce, Poland
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83
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Sicca Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease: Association with Other Nonmotor Symptoms and Health-Related Quality of Life. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 2020:2958635. [PMID: 32104559 PMCID: PMC7038154 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2958635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Frequently used nonmotor scales do not cover all aspects of dysautonomia in Parkinson's disease (PD). This study explores the association between autonomic symptoms and sicca symptoms with other nonmotor symptoms and health-related quality of life (QoL) in PD. Methods Autonomic symptoms (Survey of Autonomic Symptoms, SASs), motor function (Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III, MDS-UPDRS III), nonmotor symptoms (nonmotor symptoms questionnaire, NMS-Quest), and QoL (PD Questionnaire-39, PDQ-39) were analysed in 93 PD patients without dementia. Multivariable and multivariate analyses were performed to study the association between clinical parameters and PDQ-39 domains. Results Among the autonomic symptoms, sicca symptoms (xerostomia and dry eyes) were the most commonly reported (69%), followed by sexual dysfunction in men, leaking of urine, vasomotor dysfunction, constipation, sudomotor dysfunction, and orthostatic symptoms. The autonomic symptom burden (SAS total) correlated with the NMS-Quest and Hoehn and Yahr stage, but not with age, levodopa equivalent daily dose, disease duration, and the MDS-UPDRS III. The SAS total score was an independent predictor of the PDQ-39 summary index and mainly affected the PDQ-39 cognition and emotional well-being domains. Sicca symptoms were not associated with age, MDS-UPDRS III, disease duration, Hoehn and Yahr stage, and levodopa equivalent daily dose but aggravated the PDQ-39 domains: cognition, emotional well-being, bodily discomfort, and mobility. Sicca symptoms frequently occur together with other nonmotor symptoms, namely, urine urgency, orthostatic problems, and concentration problems. Overall, 75% of the subjects took at least one drug that can cause sicca symptoms (anti-PD medication, antidepressant drugs, antihypertensive drugs, antipsychotic drugs, antimuscarinic drugs, and analgesic drugs). Conclusion Sicca symptoms are common in PD and negatively influence QoL. The observed association between sicca symptoms and other nonmotor symptoms provides further preliminary evidence for the growing recognition of different nonmotor clusters in PD.
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84
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Abu-Ghanem S, Chen S, Amin MR. Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in the Elderly: Evaluation and Prevalence. CURRENT OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40136-020-00258-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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85
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Kaae JK, Stenfeldt L, Hyrup B, Brink C, Eriksen JG. A randomized phase III trial for alleviating radiation-induced xerostomia with chewing gum. Radiother Oncol 2020; 142:72-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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86
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Abstract
Proteoglycan 4 (or lubricin), a mucin-like glycoprotein, was originally classified as a lubricating substance within diarthrodial joints. More recently, lubricin has been found in other tissues and has been implicated in 2 inflammatory pathways within the cell, via the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and CD44. Lubricin is an antagonist of TLR2 and TLR4, and appears to enter cells via the CD44 receptor. Because of lubricin's action on these receptors, downstream processes of inflammation are halted, thereby preventing release of cytokines (a hallmark of inflammation and sepsis) from the cell, indicating lubricin's role as a biomarker and possible therapeutic for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Richendrfer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Research Laboratory, Rhode Island Hospital, 1 Hoppin Street, CORO West, Room 4.303, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Gregory D Jay
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Research Laboratory, Rhode Island Hospital, 1 Hoppin Street, CORO West, Room 4.303, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
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87
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Arakelyan MG, Polyakova MA, Babina KS, Novozhilova NE, Margaryan EG, Doroshina VY, Arzukanyan AV, Makeeva MK. Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of the Efficiency of the Application of Foams with False Xerostomia. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2019; 9:403-408. [PMID: 31516875 PMCID: PMC6714412 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_191_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Xerostomia syndrome is a significant medical and social problem. It is manifested by objective and subjective symptoms of a “dry mouth” and a decrease in sialometry. The aim of the study was to determine the dental status of students of different nationalities, to identify xerostomia induced on a background of stress, and to assess the effectiveness of the use of moisturizing foams in alleviating xerostomia. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study survey (Fox test) of 100 students of the dental faculty was conducted to detect false xerostomia. The study involved 60 people with false xerostomia, divided into four groups of 15 each according to the nationality. The level of oral hygiene was determined using the Simplified Oral Hygiene and Silness-Loe indices and the rate of salivation was assessed with sialometry method by Pozharitskaya. Oral hygiene instructions were given to the participants. They were to apply moisturizing foams with lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase, and aloe vera, two–three times during the day for 3 weeks. A set of statistical programs was used (Microsoft Excel [2007] and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences [SPSS], version 23) to perform Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Shapiro–Wilk, Kruskal–Wallis, and Wilcoxon tests. Results: A statistically significant improvement in oral hygiene was observed in all study participants. A significant increase was detected in the rate of salivation in students from Russia (P = 0.005), Transcaucasian countries (P = 0.006), and Arab countries (P = 0.005). Conclusion: It has been established that the use of moisturizing foam has a positive effect on the rate of salivation and improves the level of oral hygiene, thereby improving the quality of life for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna G Arakelyan
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Institute of Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A Polyakova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Institute of Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ksenia S Babina
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Institute of Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nina E Novozhilova
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Institute of Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Edita G Margaryan
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Institute of Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladlena Y Doroshina
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Institute of Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina V Arzukanyan
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Institute of Dentistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria K Makeeva
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, People's Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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88
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Arakaki R, Ushio A, Kisoda S, Sato M, Nakamura Y, Yuyama K, Tateyama R, Morishita S, Monoi N, Kudo Y, Ishimaru N. Novel effects of rooibos extract on tear and saliva secretion mediated by the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 3 in mice. J Oral Biosci 2019; 61:179-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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89
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Teshima THN, Tucker AS, Lourenço SV. Dual Sympathetic Input into Developing Salivary Glands. J Dent Res 2019; 98:1122-1130. [PMID: 31356755 DOI: 10.1177/0022034519865222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal signaling is known to be required for salivary gland development, with parasympathetic nerves interacting with the surrounding tissues from early stages to maintain a progenitor cell population and control morphogenesis. In contrast, postganglionic sympathetic nerves arrive late in salivary gland development to perform a secretory function; however, no previous report has shown their role during development. Here, we show that a subset of neuronal cells within the parasympathetic submandibular ganglion (PSG) express the catecholaminergic marker tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in developing murine and human submandibular glands. This sympathetic phenotype coincided with the expression of transcription factor Hand2 within the PSG from the bud stage (E12.5) of mouse embryonic salivary gland development. Hand2 was previously associated with the decision of neural crest cells to become sympathetic in other systems, suggesting a role in controlling neuronal fate in the salivary gland. The PSG therefore provides a population of TH-expressing neurons prior to the arrival of the postganglionic sympathetic axons from the superior cervical ganglion at E15.5. In culture, in the absence of nerves from the superior cervical ganglion, these PSG-derived TH neurons were clearly evident forming a network around the gland. Chemical ablation of dopamine receptors in explant culture with the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine at early stages of gland development resulted in specific loss of the TH-positive neurons from the PSG, and subsequent branching was inhibited. Taken altogether, these results highlight for the first time the detailed developmental time course of TH-expressing neurons during murine salivary gland development and suggest a role for these neurons in branching morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H N Teshima
- 1 Department of Stomatology, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,2 Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A S Tucker
- 2 Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Guy's Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S V Lourenço
- 1 Department of Stomatology, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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90
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FEATURES OF THE ALVEOLAR BONE MUCOUS MEMBRANE CELLULAR COMPOSITION RESTRUCTURING IN CASE OF PREMATURE LOSS OF TEETH. WORLD OF MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.26724/2079-8334-2019-4-70-55-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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91
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Acharya S, Hägglin C, Jontell M, Wenneberg B, Ekström J, Carlén A. Saliva on the oral mucosa and whole saliva in women diagnosed with burning mouth syndrome. Oral Dis 2018; 24:1468-1476. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Acharya
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology; The Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Catharina Hägglin
- Department of Behavioural and Community Dentistry; The Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
- Centre of Gerodontology; Public Dental Service; Västra Götaland Sweden
| | - Mats Jontell
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology; The Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Bengt Wenneberg
- Department of Orofacial Pain; Institute of Odontology; The Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Jörgen Ekström
- Department of Pharmacology; Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology; The Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Anette Carlén
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology; The Sahlgrenska Academy; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
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92
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Lamster IB. Invited commentary: The ageing of populations across the globe and implications for the future of the dental profession. Gerodontology 2017; 35:1-2. [DOI: 10.1111/ger.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ira B. Lamster
- Stony Brook University, School of Dental Medicine; Stony Brook NY USA
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93
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Rogers RS, Fazel N. Oral dermatology: Part II. Clin Dermatol 2017; 35:419-420. [PMID: 28916022 DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roy S Rogers
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ 85259
| | - Nasim Fazel
- Department of Dermatology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400, Sacramento, CA 98516.
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