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Huang J, Lin F, Xiong C. Mechanical characterization of single cells based on microfluidic techniques. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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52
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Steier A, Muñiz A, Neale D, Lahann J. Emerging Trends in Information-Driven Engineering of Complex Biological Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806898. [PMID: 30957921 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biological systems are used for a myriad of applications, including tissue engineered constructs for in vivo use and microengineered devices for in vitro testing. Recent advances in engineering complex biological systems have been fueled by opportunities arising from the combination of bioinspired materials with biological and computational tools. Driven by the availability of large datasets in the "omics" era of biology, the design of the next generation of tissue equivalents will have to integrate information from single-cell behavior to whole organ architecture. Herein, recent trends in combining multiscale processes to enable the design of the next generation of biomaterials are discussed. Any successful microprocessing pipeline must be able to integrate hierarchical sets of information to capture key aspects of functional tissue equivalents. Micro- and biofabrication techniques that facilitate hierarchical control as well as emerging polymer candidates used in these technologies are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Steier
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ayşe Muñiz
- Biointerfaces Institute and Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Dylan Neale
- Biointerfaces Institute and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Joerg Lahann
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Biointerfaces Institute, Departments of Chemical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering and the, Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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Nanjundappa R, Kong D, Shim K, Stearns T, Brody SL, Loncarek J, Mahjoub MR. Regulation of cilia abundance in multiciliated cells. eLife 2019; 8:e44039. [PMID: 31025935 PMCID: PMC6504233 DOI: 10.7554/elife.44039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiciliated cells (MCC) contain hundreds of motile cilia used to propel fluid over their surface. To template these cilia, each MCC produces between 100-600 centrioles by a process termed centriole amplification. Yet, how MCC regulate the precise number of centrioles and cilia remains unknown. Airway progenitor cells contain two parental centrioles (PC) and form structures called deuterosomes that nucleate centrioles during amplification. Using an ex vivo airway culture model, we show that ablation of PC does not perturb deuterosome formation and centriole amplification. In contrast, loss of PC caused an increase in deuterosome and centriole abundance, highlighting the presence of a compensatory mechanism. Quantification of centriole abundance in vitro and in vivo identified a linear relationship between surface area and centriole number. By manipulating cell size, we discovered that centriole number scales with surface area. Our results demonstrate that a cell-intrinsic surface area-dependent mechanism controls centriole and cilia abundance in multiciliated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Nanjundappa
- Nephrology Division, Department of MedicineWashington UniversitySt LouisUnited States
| | - Dong Kong
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer InstituteFrederickUnited States
| | - Kyuhwan Shim
- Nephrology Division, Department of MedicineWashington UniversitySt LouisUnited States
| | - Tim Stearns
- Department of BiologyStanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Steven L Brody
- Pulmonary Division, Department of MedicineWashington UniversitySt LouisUnited States
| | - Jadranka Loncarek
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer InstituteFrederickUnited States
| | - Moe R Mahjoub
- Nephrology Division, Department of MedicineWashington UniversitySt LouisUnited States
- Department of Cell Biology and PhysiologyWashington UniversitySt LouisUnited States
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Zhang K, Xiao X, Wang X, Fan Y, Li X. Topographical patterning: characteristics of current processing techniques, controllable effects on material properties and co-cultured cell fate, updated applications in tissue engineering, and improvement strategies. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:7090-7109. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01682a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Topographical patterning has recently attracted lots of attention in regulating cell fate, understanding the mechanism of cell–microenvironment interactions, and solving the great issues of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Xiongfu Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramic and Fine Processing
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing 100083
- China
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55
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Xiao W, Tan Y, Li J, Gu C, Li H, Li B, Liao X. Fabrication and characterization of silk microfiber-reinforced methacrylated gelatin hydrogel with turnable properties. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2018; 29:2068-2082. [PMID: 29943690 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2018.1493022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite considerable research effort, the natural hydrogels presently available for tissue engineering suffer from several major drawbacks, one of the significant issue is their poor mechanical strength which are unable to satisfy some mechanical requirements for successful outcomes. Herein, to mimic the composition and structure of the natural extracellular matrix, the micron-sized silk fibers obtained by alkaline hydrolysis were used as a reinforcement phase in a GelMA hydrogel, resulting in a material with significantly greater stiffness than pure GelMA hydrogel alone. In addition, the hydrogel demonstrated tunable compressive strength, swelling capacity, and degradation properties based on the silk fiber length. Experiments with cells indicated that MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts quickly adhered to and proliferated on the surface of the composite hydrogels, as revealed by FDA/PI staining and CCK-8 assays. In addition, various cellular responses, including cell adhesion, changes in cellular morphology and cell proliferation behavior, occurred on the composite hydrogel and varied with fiber length. Overall, this study introduces a series of fiber-reinforced, tunable composite hydrogels that could be useful for various tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Xiao
- a Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Materials and Devices , Chongqing University of Science and Technology , Chongqing , China.,b Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection Technology , Chongqing University of Science and Technology , Chongqing , China
| | - Yunfei Tan
- a Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Materials and Devices , Chongqing University of Science and Technology , Chongqing , China
| | - Jiale Li
- a Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Materials and Devices , Chongqing University of Science and Technology , Chongqing , China
| | - ChengFu Gu
- a Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Materials and Devices , Chongqing University of Science and Technology , Chongqing , China
| | - Hang Li
- a Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Materials and Devices , Chongqing University of Science and Technology , Chongqing , China
| | - Bo Li
- a Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Materials and Devices , Chongqing University of Science and Technology , Chongqing , China.,b Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection Technology , Chongqing University of Science and Technology , Chongqing , China
| | - Xiaoling Liao
- a Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Materials and Devices , Chongqing University of Science and Technology , Chongqing , China.,b Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection Technology , Chongqing University of Science and Technology , Chongqing , China
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56
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Ma Y, Lin M, Huang G, Li Y, Wang S, Bai G, Lu TJ, Xu F. 3D Spatiotemporal Mechanical Microenvironment: A Hydrogel-Based Platform for Guiding Stem Cell Fate. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1705911. [PMID: 30063260 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells hold great promise for widespread biomedical applications, for which stem cell fate needs to be well tailored. Besides biochemical cues, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that spatiotemporal biophysical cues (especially mechanical cues) imposed by cell microenvironments also critically impact on the stem cell fate. As such, various biomaterials, especially hydrogels due to their tunable physicochemical properties and advanced fabrication approaches, are developed to spatiotemporally manipulate biophysical cues in vitro so as to recapitulate the 3D mechanical microenvironment where stem cells reside in vivo. Here, the main mechanical cues that stem cells experience in their native microenvironment are summarized. Then, recent advances in the design of hydrogel materials with spatiotemporally tunable mechanical properties for engineering 3D the spatiotemporal mechanical microenvironment of stem cells are highlighted. These in vitro engineered spatiotemporal mechanical microenvironments are crucial for guiding stem cell fate and their potential biomedical applications are subsequently discussed. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Min Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Guoyou Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yuhui Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, P. R. China
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310029, P. R. China
| | - Guiqin Bai
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Tian Jian Lu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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Bahcecioglu G, Hasirci N, Hasirci V. Cell behavior on the alginate-coated PLLA/PLGA scaffolds. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 124:444-450. [PMID: 30465840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, we investigated the effect of preparation temperature and alginate-coating on L929 fibroblast behavior on lyophilized microporous PLLA/PLGA (95:5, w/w) scaffolds. The lower freezing temperature used during lyophilization (-80 °C) resulted in smaller pores (around 50 μm) and higher compressive modulus (1500 kPa) than those prepared at the higher temperature (-20 °C) (pore size: 120 μm, compressive modulus: 600 kPa) (p < 0.01). Cell proliferation was significantly lower on the alginate-coated scaffolds (p < 0.05), probably due to weak cell adhesion on alginate, rapid degradation/dissolution of the alginate hydrogel (40% weight loss after 2 weeks of incubation) (p < 0.05), which resulted in loss of material and cells, and the decrease in the pH (p < 0.05), which probably resulted in decreased cell metabolic activity. Cells tended to get less round on the scaffolds prepared at -20 °C, which had lower compressive modulus and larger pores, and upon coating with alginate, which resulted in a hydrophilic surface that had lower stiffness. When the scaffolds had closer stiffness to the cells, the cells tended to get more branched. The most branched morphology of the fibroblasts was obtained in the presence of alginate, a natural polymer having a similar stiffness with that of the L929 fibroblasts (4 kPa).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Bahcecioglu
- BIOMATEN, Middle East Technical University (METU) Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Biological Sciences, METU, Ankara, Turkey; Graduate Department of Biotechnology, METU, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Hasirci
- BIOMATEN, Middle East Technical University (METU) Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Ankara, Turkey; Graduate Department of Biotechnology, METU, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Chemistry, METU, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vasif Hasirci
- BIOMATEN, Middle East Technical University (METU) Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Biological Sciences, METU, Ankara, Turkey; Graduate Department of Biotechnology, METU, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Medical Engineering, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Atasehir, Istanbul, Turkey.
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De Giglio E, Bonifacio MA, Ferreira AM, Cometa S, Ti ZY, Stanzione A, Dalgarno K, Gentile P. Multi-compartment scaffold fabricated via 3D-printing as in vitro co-culture osteogenic model. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15130. [PMID: 30310164 PMCID: PMC6181937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33472-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of in vitro 3D models to get insights into the mechanisms of bone regeneration could accelerate the translation of experimental findings to the clinic, reducing costs and duration of experiments. This work explores the design and manufacturing of multi-compartments structures in poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) 3D-printed by Fused Filament Fabrication technique. The construct was designed with interconnected stalls to host stem cells and endothelial cells. Cells were encapsulated within an optimised gellan gum (GG)-based hydrogel matrix, crosslinked using strontium (Sr2+) ions to exploit its bioactivity and finally, assembled within compartments with different sizes. Calcium (Ca2+)-crosslinked gels were also used as control for comparison of Sr2+ osteogenic effect. The results obtained demonstrated that Sr2+ ions were successfully diffused within the hydrogel matrix and increased the hydrogel matrix strength properties under compressive load. The in vitro co-culture of human-TERT mesenchymal stem cells (TERT- hMSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), encapsulated within Sr2+ ions containing GG-hydrogels and inter-connected by compartmentalised scaffolds under osteogenic conditions, enhanced cell viability and supported osteogenesis, with a significant increase of alkaline phosphatase activity, osteopontin and osteocalcin respect with the Ca2+-crosslinked GG-PCL scaffolds. These outcomes demonstrate that the design and manufacturing of compartmentalised co-culture of TERT-hMSCs and HUVEC populations enables an effective system to study and promote osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira De Giglio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy.
| | - Maria A Bonifacio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Ana M Ferreira
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | | | - Zhi Yuan Ti
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Antonella Stanzione
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, Bari, 70126, Italy
| | - Kenny Dalgarno
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Piergiorgio Gentile
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Stephenson Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
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Iandolo D, Pennacchio FA, Mollo V, Rossi D, Dannhauser D, Cui B, Owens RM, Santoro F. Electron Microscopy for 3D Scaffolds-Cell Biointerface Characterization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 3:e1800103. [PMID: 32627375 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell fate is largely determined by interactions that occur at the interface between cells and their surrounding microenvironment. For this reason, especially in the field of tissue-engineering, there is a growing interest in developing techniques that allow evaluating cell-material interaction at the nanoscale, particularly focusing on cell adhesion processes. While for 2D culturing systems a consolidated series of tools already satisfy this need, in 3D environments, more closely recapitulating complex in vivo structures, there is still a lack of procedures furthering the comprehension of cell-material interactions. Here, the use of scanning electron microscopy coupled with a focused ion beam (SEM/FIB) for the characterization of cell interactions with 3D scaffolds obtained by different fabrication techniques is reported for the first time. The results clearly show the capability of the developed approach to preserve and finely resolve scaffold-cell interfaces highlighting details such as plasma membrane arrangement, extracellular matrix architecture and composition, and cellular structures playing a role in cell adhesion to the surface. It is anticipated that the developed approach will be relevant for the design of efficient cell-instructive platforms in the study of cellular guidance strategies for tissue-engineering applications as well as for in vitro 3D models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donata Iandolo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Fabrizio A Pennacchio
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 80125, Italy
| | - Valentina Mollo
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 80125, Italy
| | - Domenico Rossi
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 80125, Italy
| | - David Dannhauser
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 80125, Italy
| | - Bianxiao Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Roisin M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Francesca Santoro
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 80125, Italy
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Diabetes can change the viscoelastic properties of lymphocytes. Prog Biomater 2018; 7:219-224. [PMID: 30173382 PMCID: PMC6173677 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-018-0096-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical properties of the cells are among the most highlighted area of interests among researchers for decades. Not only many of the cells' crucial functional characteristics such as adherence to the cellular substrate, migration abilities and morphological factors are directly influenced by their mechanical properties but also changes in these traits could have importance in diagnosis and even treatments of some serious diseases. The general mechanical properties of the cells are associated with some intercellular characteristics such as arrangement and organization of the actin fibers and cytoskeleton architecture. Any changes due to pathological conditions in the molecular and cellular processes related to these elements can alter the cells' mechanical characteristics. In this paper, the viscoelastic properties of diabetic and normal lymphocytes were analyzed and compared by application of the iron nanoparticles attached to the cellular membrane and putting the cells in a magnetic field with certain frequency and intensity. Step force was applied to the normal and diabetic lymphocytes and their membrane displacement was tracked by special software and plotted with respect to time. Fitting the experimental data on theoretical formulation of standard linear viscoelastic model, it was demonstrated that diabetic lymphocytes have significantly different viscoelastic characteristics. The results of this paper can be of importance in assessments of diabetic lymphocytes' abilities to fulfill their immune surveillance tasks.
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Tickle JA, Poptani H, Taylor A, Chari DM. Noninvasive imaging of nanoparticle-labeled transplant populations within polymer matrices for neural cell therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:1333-1348. [PMID: 29949467 PMCID: PMC6220152 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To develop a 3D neural cell construct for encapsulated delivery of transplant cells; develop hydrogels seeded with magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-labeled cells suitable for cell tracking by MRI. MATERIALS & METHODS Astrocytes were exogenously labeled with MRI-compatible iron-oxide MNPs prior to intra-construct incorporation within a 3D collagen hydrogel. RESULTS A connective, complex cellular network was clearly observable within the 3D constructs, with high cellular viability. MNP accumulation in astrocytes provided a hypointense MRI signal at 24 h & 14 days. CONCLUSION Our findings support the concept of developing a 3D construct possessing the dual advantages of (i) support of long-term cell survival of neural populations with (ii) the potential for noninvasive MRI-tracking of intra-construct cells for neuroregenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline A Tickle
- Institute for Science & Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Harish Poptani
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Arthur Taylor
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Divya M Chari
- Institute for Science & Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG, UK
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Narayan R, Agarwal T, Mishra D, Maiti TK, Mohanty S. Goat tendon collagen-human fibrin hydrogel for comprehensive parametric evaluation of HUVEC microtissue-based angiogenesis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 163:291-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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A perspective on the physical, mechanical and biological specifications of bioinks and the development of functional tissues in 3D bioprinting. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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da Silva LP, Jha AK, Correlo VM, Marques AP, Reis RL, Healy KE. Gellan Gum Hydrogels with Enzyme-Sensitive Biodegradation and Endothelial Cell Biorecognition Sites. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7. [PMID: 29388392 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The survival of a biomaterial or tissue engineered construct is mainly hampered by the deficient microcirculation in its core, and limited nutrients and oxygen availability to the implanted or colonizing host cells. Aiming to address these issues, we herein propose bioresponsive gellan gum (GG) hydrogels that are biodegradable by metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) and enable endothelial cells adhesion and proliferation. GG is chemically functionalized with divinyl sulfone (DVS) and then biofunctionalized with thiol cell-adhesive peptides (T1 or C16) to confer GG endothelial cell biorecognition cues. Biodegradable hydrogels are then formed by Michael type addition of GGDVS or/and peptide-functionalized GGDVS with a dithiol peptide crosslinker sensitive to MMP-1. The mechanical properties (6 to 5580 Pa), swelling (17 to 11), MMP-1-driven degradation (up to 70%), and molecules diffusion coefficients of hydrogels are tuned by increasing the polymer amount and crosslinking density. Human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells depict a polarized elongated morphology when encapsulated within T1-containing hydrogels, in contrast to the round morphology observed in C16-containing hydrogels. Cell organization is favored as early as 1 d of cell culture within the T1-modified hydrogels with higher concentration of peptide, while cell proliferation is higher in T1-modified hydrogels with higher modulus. In conclusion, biodegradable and bioresponsive GGDVS hydrogels are promising endothelial cell responsive materials that can be used for vascularization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucília P. da Silva
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials; Biodegradables and Biomimetics; Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; University of Minho; Avepark Barco 4805-017 Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory; Braga/Guimarães 4710-057/4806-909 Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California; Berkeley CA 94720-1762 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of California; Berkeley CA 94720-1760 USA
| | - Amit K. Jha
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California; Berkeley CA 94720-1762 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of California; Berkeley CA 94720-1760 USA
| | - Vitor M. Correlo
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials; Biodegradables and Biomimetics; Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; University of Minho; Avepark Barco 4805-017 Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory; Braga/Guimarães 4710-057/4806-909 Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine; Headquarters at University of Minho; Avepark, Barco 4805-017 Guimarães Portugal
| | - Alexandra P. Marques
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials; Biodegradables and Biomimetics; Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; University of Minho; Avepark Barco 4805-017 Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory; Braga/Guimarães 4710-057/4806-909 Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine; Headquarters at University of Minho; Avepark, Barco 4805-017 Guimarães Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials; Biodegradables and Biomimetics; Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; University of Minho; Avepark Barco 4805-017 Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory; Braga/Guimarães 4710-057/4806-909 Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine; Headquarters at University of Minho; Avepark, Barco 4805-017 Guimarães Portugal
| | - Kevin E. Healy
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California; Berkeley CA 94720-1762 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of California; Berkeley CA 94720-1760 USA
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65
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Polysaccharide-based hydrogels with tunable composition as 3D cell culture systems. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 41:213-222. [DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background:To date, cell cultures have been created either on 2-dimensional (2D) polystyrene surfaces or in 3-dimensional (3D) systems, which do not offer a controlled chemical composition, and which lack the soft environment encountered in vivo and the chemical stimuli that promote cell proliferation and allow complex cellular behavior. In this study, pectin-based hydrogels were developed and are proposed as versatile cell culture systems.Methods:Pectin-based hydrogels were produced by internally crosslinking pectin with calcium carbonate at different initial pH, aiming to control crosslinking kinetics and degree. Additionally, glucose and glutamine were added as additives, and their effects on the viscoelastic properties of the hydrogels and on cell viability were investigated.Results:Pectin hydrogels showed in high cell viability and shear-thinning behavior. Independently of hydrogel composition, an initial swelling was observed, followed by a low percentage of weight variation and a steady-state stage. The addition of glucose and glutamine to pectin-based hydrogels rendered higher cell viability up to 90%-98% after 1 hour of incubation, and these hydrogels were maintained for up to 7 days of culture, yet no effect on viscoelastic properties was detected.Conclusions:Pectin-based hydrogels that offer tunable composition were developed successfully. They are envisioned as synthetic extracellular matrix (ECM) either to study complex cellular behaviors or to be applied as tissue engineering substitutes.
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66
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Sugimoto W, Itoh K, Mitsui Y, Ebata T, Fujita H, Hirata H, Kawauchi K. Substrate rigidity-dependent positive feedback regulation between YAP and ROCK2. Cell Adh Migr 2018; 12:101-108. [PMID: 28686514 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2017.1338233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness influences gene expression, leading to modulation of various cellular functions. While ROCK2 regulates actomyosin activity as well as cell migration and proliferation, expression of ROCK2 is increased in response to stiffening ECM. However, the mechanism underlying rigidity-dependent ROCK2 expression remains elusive. Here, we show that YAP, a mechanically regulated transcription coactivator, upregulates ROCK2 expression in an ECM rigidity-dependent manner. YAP interacted with the ROCK2 promoter region in an actomyosin activity-dependent manner. Knockdown of YAP decreased ROCK2 expression while activity of the ROCK2 promoter was upregulated by expressing constitutively active YAP. Furthermore, we found that ROCK2 expression promotes transcriptional activation by YAP. Our results reveal a novel positive feedback loop between YAP and ROCK2, which is modulated by ECM stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Sugimoto
- a Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology , Konan University , Kobe, Hyogo , Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Itoh
- a Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology , Konan University , Kobe, Hyogo , Japan
| | - Yasumasa Mitsui
- a Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology , Konan University , Kobe, Hyogo , Japan
| | - Takahiro Ebata
- a Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology , Konan University , Kobe, Hyogo , Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujita
- b Laboratory for Comprehensive Bioimaging , Riken Qbic , Osaka , Japan.,c Waseda Bioscience Research Institute in Singapore , Singapore , Republic of Singapore
| | - Hiroaki Hirata
- d Mechanobiology Laboratory , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Nagoya, Aichi , Japan
| | - Keiko Kawauchi
- a Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology , Konan University , Kobe, Hyogo , Japan.,e Department of Molecular Oncology , Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School , Kawasaki, Kanagawa , Japan
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67
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Santos AC, Alves S, Godinho MH, Baleizão C, Farinha JPS. Temperature-responsive fibres of cellulose-based copolymers. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00524a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel temperature-responsive fibers electrospun from a click-assembled copolymer of cellulose acetate grafted with oligo(ethyleneglycol) methylether methacrylate random blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Santos
- CQE and IN – Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
- i3N/CENIMAT
| | - Sérgio Alves
- CQE and IN – Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - Maria H. Godinho
- i3N/CENIMAT
- Department of Materials Science
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
- Campus de Caparica
| | - Carlos Baleizão
- CQE and IN – Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - José Paulo S. Farinha
- CQE and IN – Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
- Instituto Superior Técnico
- 1049-001 Lisboa
- Portugal
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68
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Lin YA, Kang M, Chen WC, Ou YC, Cheetham AG, Wu PH, Wirtz D, Loverde SM, Cui H. Isomeric control of the mechanical properties of supramolecular filament hydrogels. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:216-224. [DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00722a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular filament hydrogels are an emerging class of biomaterials that hold great promise for regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and drug delivery. The use of isomeric hydrocarbons in the peptide design enables fine-tuning of the mechanical properties of their supramolecular filament hydrogels without altering their network structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-An Lin
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology
| | - Myungshim Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The City University of New York
- College of Staten Island
- Staten Island
- USA
| | - Wei-Chiang Chen
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology
| | - Yu-Chuan Ou
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - Andrew G. Cheetham
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology
| | - Pei-Hsun Wu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology
| | - Denis Wirtz
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology
| | - Sharon M. Loverde
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The City University of New York
- College of Staten Island
- Staten Island
- USA
| | - Honggang Cui
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- Johns Hopkins University
- Baltimore
- USA
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology
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69
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Wang H, Cui J, Zheng Z, Shi Q, Sun T, Liu X, Huang Q, Fukuda T. Assembly of RGD-Modified Hydrogel Micromodules into Permeable Three-Dimensional Hollow Microtissues Mimicking in Vivo Tissue Structures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:41669-41679. [PMID: 29130303 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fabricated microscale tissues that replicate in vivo architectures have shown huge potential in regenerative medicine and drug discovery. Owing to the spatial organization of cell-encapsulated hydrogel microstructures, three-dimensional (3D) tissue structures have been broadly applied as novel pathological or pharmacological models. However, the spatial reorganization of arbitrary microstructures with tissue-specific shapes into 3D in vitro microtissues that mimic the physiological morphology and nutrient diffusion of native tissues presents a major challenge. Here, we develop a versatile method that engineers permeable 3D microtissues into tissue-specific microscopic architectures. The customized, arbitrarily shaped hollow micromodules are prepared by photocopolymerizing poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) with acryloyl-PEG-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS). These micromodules are spatially reorganized and self-aligned by a facile assembly process based on hydrodynamic interactions, forming an integrated geometry with tissue-specific morphology and a vessel-mimetic lumen. The RGD linkages create cell-adhesive structures in the PEGDA hydrogel, greatly increasing the long-term cell viability in 3D microtissue cultures. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties for fast cell spreading inside the microstructures can be optimized by modulating the PEGDA concentration. The 3D microtissues, with their different geometries and permeable tubular lumens, maintained cell proliferation over 14 days. The cell viabilities exceeded 98%. We anticipate that our method will regenerate complex tissues with physiological importance in future tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaping Wang
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Juan Cui
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zheng
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qing Shi
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Toshio Fukuda
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
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70
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Smith EE, Zhang W, Schiele NR, Khademhosseini A, Kuo CK, Yelick PC. Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 11:3326-3336. [PMID: 28066993 PMCID: PMC6687074 DOI: 10.1002/term.2246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A long-term goal is to bioengineer, fully functional, living teeth for regenerative medicine and dentistry applications. Biologically based replacement teeth would avoid insufficiencies of the currently used dental implants. Using natural tooth development as a guide, a model was fabricated using post-natal porcine dental epithelial (pDE), porcine dental mesenchymal (pDM) progenitor cells, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) encapsulated within gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogels. Previous publications have shown that post-natal DE and DM cells seeded onto synthetic scaffolds exhibited mineralized tooth crowns composed of dentin and enamel. However, these tooth structures were small and formed within the pores of the scaffolds. The present study shows that dental cell-encapsulated GelMA constructs can support mineralized dental tissue formation of predictable size and shape. Individually encapsulated pDE or pDM cell GelMA constructs were analysed to identify formulas that supported pDE and pDM cell attachment, spreading, metabolic activity, and neo-vasculature formation with co-seeded endothelial cells (HUVECs). GelMa constructs consisting of pDE-HUVECS in 3% GelMA and pDM-HUVECs within 5% GelMA supported dental cell differentiation and vascular mineralized dental tissue formation in vivo. These studies are the first to demonstrate the use of GelMA hydrogels to support the formation of post-natal dental progenitor cell-derived mineralized and functionally vascularized tissues of specified size and shape. These results introduce a novel three-dimensional biomimetic tooth bud model for eventual bioengineered tooth replacement teeth in humans. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E. Smith
- Department of Cell, Molecular, and Developmental Biology,
Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine
Boston USA
| | - Weibo Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics Tufts University School of
Dental Medicine Boston MA USA
| | - Nathan R. Schiele
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts University
Science and Technology Center Medford MA USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology Harvard-MIT
Biomaterials Innovations Research Center and Division of Biomedical Engineering,
Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine K. Kuo
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research Genetics, Department of
Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Pamela C. Yelick
- Department of Cell, Molecular, and Developmental Biology,
Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine
Boston USA
- Department of Orthodontics Tufts University School of
Dental Medicine Boston MA USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts University
Science and Technology Center Medford MA USA
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71
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Sakai S, Nakahata M. Horseradish Peroxidase Catalyzed Hydrogelation for Biomedical, Biopharmaceutical, and Biofabrication Applications. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:3098-3109. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201701364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sakai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho Toyonaka Osaka Japan
| | - Masaki Nakahata
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Graduate School of Engineering Science; Osaka University; 1-3 Machikaneyama-cho Toyonaka Osaka Japan
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72
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Goetzke R, Franzen J, Ostrowska A, Vogt M, Blaeser A, Klein G, Rath B, Fischer H, Zenke M, Wagner W. Does soft really matter? Differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into mesenchymal stromal cells is not influenced by soft hydrogels. Biomaterials 2017; 156:147-158. [PMID: 29197223 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be differentiated toward mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), but this transition remains incomplete. It has been suggested that matrix elasticity directs cell-fate decisions. Therefore, we followed the hypothesis that differentiation of primary MSCs and generation of iPSC-derived MSCs (iMSCs) is supported by a soft matrix of human platelet lysate (hPL-gel). We demonstrate that this fibrin-based hydrogel supports growth of primary MSCs with pronounced deposition of extracellular matrix, albeit it hardly impacts on gene expression profiles or in vitro differentiation of MSCs. Furthermore, iPSCs can be effectively differentiated toward MSC-like cells on the hydrogel. Unexpectedly, this complex differentiation process is not affected by the substrate: iMSCs generated on tissue culture plastic (TCP) or hPL-gel have the same morphology, immunophenotype, differentiation potential, and gene expression profiles. Moreover, global DNA methylation patterns are essentially identical in iMSCs generated on TCP or hPL-gel, indicating that they are epigenetically alike. Taken together, hPL-gel provides a powerful matrix that supports growth and differentiation of primary MSCs and iMSCs - but this soft hydrogel does not impact on lineage-specific differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Goetzke
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Franzen
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alina Ostrowska
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Vogt
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research IZKF Aachen, RWTH Aachen, University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Blaeser
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gerd Klein
- Center for Medical Research, Department of Medicine II, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Björn Rath
- Department of Orthopedics, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Horst Fischer
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Zenke
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany; Institute for Biomedical Engineering - Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany; Institute for Biomedical Engineering - Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany.
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73
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Matrix degradability controls multicellularity of 3D cell migration. Nat Commun 2017; 8:371. [PMID: 28851858 PMCID: PMC5575316 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00418-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in tissue engineering is the development of materials that can support angiogenesis, wherein endothelial cells from existing vasculature invade the surrounding matrix to form new vascular structures. To identify material properties that impact angiogenesis, here we have developed an in vitro model whereby molded tubular channels inside a synthetic hydrogel are seeded with endothelial cells and subjected to chemokine gradients within a microfluidic device. To accomplish precision molding of hydrogels and successful integration with microfluidics, we developed a class of hydrogels that could be macromolded and micromolded with high shape and size fidelity by eliminating swelling after polymerization. Using this material, we demonstrate that matrix degradability switches three-dimensional endothelial cell invasion between two distinct modes: single-cell migration and the multicellular, strand-like invasion required for angiogenesis. The ability to incorporate these tunable hydrogels into geometrically constrained settings will enable a wide range of previously inaccessible biomedical applications. The fabrication of vascularized 3D tissues requires an understanding of how material properties govern endothelial cell invasion into the surrounding matrix. Here the authors integrate a non-swelling synthetic hydrogel with a microfluidic device to study chemokine gradient-driven angiogenic sprouting and find that matrix degradability modulates the collectivity of cell migration.
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74
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Rich MH, Lee MK, Ballance WC, Boppart M, Kong H. Poly(ethylene glycol)-Mediated Collagen Gel Mechanics Regulates Cellular Phenotypes in a Microchanneled Matrix. Biomacromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Max H. Rich
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ‡Institute for Genomic Biology, §Department of Kinesiology, and ∥Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Min Kyung Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ‡Institute for Genomic Biology, §Department of Kinesiology, and ∥Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - William C. Ballance
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ‡Institute for Genomic Biology, §Department of Kinesiology, and ∥Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Marni Boppart
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ‡Institute for Genomic Biology, §Department of Kinesiology, and ∥Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Hyunjoon Kong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, ‡Institute for Genomic Biology, §Department of Kinesiology, and ∥Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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75
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Li M, Li H, Li X, Zhu H, Xu Z, Liu L, Ma J, Zhang M. A Bioinspired Alginate-Gum Arabic Hydrogel with Micro-/Nanoscale Structures for Controlled Drug Release in Chronic Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:22160-22175. [PMID: 28640580 PMCID: PMC5979260 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymeric hydrogels have drawn increasing research interest in biomaterials due to their tunable physical and chemical properties for both creating bioactive cellular microenvironment and serving as sustainable therapeutic reagents. Inspired by a naturally occurring hydrogel secreted from the carnivorous Sundew plant for trapping insects, here we have developed a bioinspired hydrogel to deliver mitsugumin 53 (MG53), an important protein in cell membrane repair, for chronic wound healing. Both chemical compositions and micro-/nanomorphological properties inherent from the natural Sundew hydrogel were mimicked using sodium alginate and gum arabic with calcium ion-mediated cross-linking. On the basis of atomic force microscopy (AFM) force measurements, an optimal sticky hydrogel scaffold was obtained through orthogonal experimental design. Imaging and mechanical analysis showed the distinct correlation between structural morphology, adhesion characteristics, and mechanical properties of the Sundew-inspired hydrogel. Combined characterization and biochemistry techniques were utilized to uncover the underlying molecular composition involved in the interactions between hydrogel and protein. In vitro drug release experiments confirmed that the Sundew-inspired hydrogel had a biphasic-kinetics release, which can facilitate both fast delivery of MG53 for improving the reepithelization process of the wounds and sustained release of the protein for treating chronic wounds. In vivo experiments showed that the Sundew-inspired hydrogel encapsulating with rhMG53 could facilitate dermal wound healing in mouse model. Together, these studies confirmed that the Sundew-inspired hydrogel has both tunable micro-/nanostructures and physicochemical properties, which enable it as a delivery vehicle for chronic wounding healing. The research may provide a new way to develop biocompatible and tunable biomaterials for sustainable drug release to meet the needs of biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Haichang Li
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Xiangguang Li
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Zihui Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Lianqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mingjun Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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76
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Koçer G, Ter Schiphorst J, Hendrikx M, Kassa HG, Leclère P, Schenning APHJ, Jonkheijm P. Light-Responsive Hierarchically Structured Liquid Crystal Polymer Networks for Harnessing Cell Adhesion and Migration. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29. [PMID: 28474746 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular microenvironment is highly dynamic where spatiotemporal regulation of cell-instructive cues such as matrix topography tightly regulates cellular behavior. Recapitulating dynamic changes in stimuli-responsive materials has become an important strategy in regenerative medicine to generate biomaterials which closely mimic the natural microenvironment. Here, light responsive liquid crystal polymer networks are used for their adaptive and programmable nature to form hybrid surfaces presenting micrometer scale topographical cues and changes in nanoscale roughness at the same time to direct cell migration. This study shows that the cell speed and migration patterns are strongly dependent on the height of the (light-responsive) micrometer scale topographies and differences in surface nanoroughness. Furthermore, switching cell migration patterns upon in situ temporal changes in surface nanoroughness, points out the ability to dynamically control cell behavior on these surfaces. Finally, the possibility is shown to form photoswitchable topographies, appealing for future studies where topographies can be rendered reversible on demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülistan Koçer
- Bioinspired Molecular Engineering Laboratory, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine and Molecular Nanofabrication Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Science and Technology, University of Twente, 7500, AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Ter Schiphorst
- Functional Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612, AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew Hendrikx
- Functional Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612, AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Hailu G Kassa
- University of Mons (UMONS), Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Center for Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Research Institute for Materials Science and Engineering, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Philippe Leclère
- Functional Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612, AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- University of Mons (UMONS), Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Center for Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Research Institute for Materials Science and Engineering, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Albertus P H J Schenning
- Functional Organic Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612, AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Jonkheijm
- Bioinspired Molecular Engineering Laboratory, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine and Molecular Nanofabrication Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Science and Technology, University of Twente, 7500, AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
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77
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The effect of substrate stiffness on cancer cell volume homeostasis. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1414-1423. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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78
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Li M, Dang D, Liu L, Xi N, Wang Y. Atomic Force Microscopy in Characterizing Cell Mechanics for Biomedical Applications: A Review. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2017; 16:523-540. [PMID: 28613180 DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2017.2714462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cell mechanics is a novel label-free biomarker for indicating cell states and pathological changes. The advent of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a powerful tool for quantifying the mechanical properties of single living cells in aqueous conditions. The wide use of AFM in characterizing cell mechanics in the past two decades has yielded remarkable novel insights in understanding the development and progression of certain diseases, such as cancer, showing the huge potential of cell mechanics for practical applications in the field of biomedicine. In this paper, we reviewed the utilization of AFM to characterize cell mechanics. First, the principle and method of AFM single-cell mechanical analysis was presented, along with the mechanical responses of cells to representative external stimuli measured by AFM. Next, the unique changes of cell mechanics in two types of physiological processes (stem cell differentiation, cancer metastasis) revealed by AFM were summarized. After that, the molecular mechanisms guiding cell mechanics were analyzed. Finally the challenges and future directions were discussed.
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79
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Macrotopographic closure promotes tissue growth and osteogenesis in vitro. Acta Biomater 2017; 53:536-548. [PMID: 28254365 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
While the impact of substrate topographies at nano- and microscale on bone cell behavior has been particularly well documented, very few studies have analyzed the role of substrate closure at a tissular level. Moreover, these have focused on matrix deposition rather than on osteoblastic differentiation. In the present work, mouse calvaria cells were grown for 15days on hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramics textured with three different macrogrooves shapes (**100µm): 1 sine and 2 triangle waveforms. We found that macrotopography favors cell attachment, and that bone-like tissue growth and organization are promoted by a tight "closure angle" of the substrate geometry. Interestingly, while Flat HA controls showed little marker expression at the end of the culture, cells grown on macrogrooves, and in particular the most closed (triangle waveform with a 517µm spatial period) showed a fast time-course of osteoblast differentiation, reaching high levels of gene and protein expression of osteocalcin and sclerostin, a marker of osteocytes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Many in vitro studies have been conducted on topography at nano and microscale, fewer have focused on the influence of macrotopography on osteoblasts. Ceramics with a controlled architecture were obtained throught a 3D printing process and used to assess osteoblast behavior. Biocompatible, they allowed the long-terme survival of osteoblast cells and the laying of an important bone matrix. V-shaped grooves were found to accelerates osteoblast differentiation and promote bone-like tissue deposition and maturation (osteocyte formation), proportionately to angle closure. Such macrostructures are attractive for the design of innovative implants for bone tissue engineering and in vitro models of osteogenesis.
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80
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He J, Guo J, Jiang B, Yao R, Wu Y, Wu F. Directing the osteoblastic and chondrocytic differentiations of mesenchymal stem cells: matrix vs. induction media. Regen Biomater 2017; 4:269-279. [PMID: 29026640 PMCID: PMC5633692 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbx008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While both induction culture media and matrix have been reported to regulate the stem cell fate, little is known about which factor plays a more decisive role in directing the MSC differentiation lineage as well as the underlying mechanisms. To this aim, we seeded MSCs on HA-collagen and HA-synthetic hydrogel matrixes, which had demonstrated highly different potentials toward osteoblastic and chondrocytic differentiation lineages, respectively, and cultured them with osteogenic, chondrogenic and normal culture media, respectively. A systematic comparison has been carried out on the effects of induction media and matrix on MSC adhesion, cytoskeleton organization, proliferation, and in particular differentiation into the osteoblastic and chondrocytic lineages. The results demonstrated that the matrix selection had a much more profound effect on directing the differentiation lineage than the induction media did. The strong modulation effect on the transcription activities might be the critical factor contributing to the above observations in our study, where canonical Wnt-β-Catenin signal pathway was directly involved in the matrix-driven osteoblastic differentiation. Such findings not only provide a critical insight on natural cellular events leading to the osteoblastic and chondrocytic differentiations, but also have important implications in biomaterial design for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Jianglong Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Bo Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Ruijuan Yao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
| | - Fang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P.R. China
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81
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Raczkowska J, Prauzner-Bechcicki S, Dąbczyński P, Szydlak R. Elasticity patterns induced by phase-separation in polymer blend films. THIN SOLID FILMS 2017; 624:181-186. [PMID: 29681664 PMCID: PMC5909711 DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Systematical studies on the impact of the thickness of thin films composed of polystyrene (PS) or poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) on the effective elasticity of polymer-decorated soft polydimethylsiloxane substrate were performed. For both investigated polymer films, elasticity parameter was determined from force-displacement curves recorded using atomic force microscopy. Effective stiffness of supported film grows monotonically with film thickness, starting from the value comparable to the elasticity of soft support and reaching plateau for polymer layers thicker than 200 nm. In contrary, for films cast on hard support no significant thickness dependence of elasticity was observed and the value of elasticity parameter was similar to the one of the substrate. Based on these results, non-conventional method to produce elasticity patterns of various shapes and dimensions induced by phase-separation process in symmetric and asymmetric PS:PEO blend films on soft support was demonstrated. Elevated PS domains were characterized by elasticity parameter 2 times higher than lower PEO matrix. In contrary, adhesion force was increased more than 3 times for PEO regions, as compared to PS areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Raczkowska
- The Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-428 Kraków, Poland
| | - Szymon Prauzner-Bechcicki
- The Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Dąbczyński
- The Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-428 Kraków, Poland
| | - Renata Szydlak
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Kraków, Poland
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82
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Ravichandran R, Astrand C, Patra HK, Turner APF, Chotteau V, Phopase J. Intelligent ECM mimetic injectable scaffolds based on functional collagen building blocks for tissue engineering and biomedical applications. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02927f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A one-pot approach to fabricate in situ-gellable, thermo- and pH-responsive, hydrogels based on covalently crosslinked networks of collagen-I and thermo-responsive polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Ravichandran
- Division of Molecular Physics
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM)
- Linköping University
- Linköping
- Sweden
| | - C. Astrand
- School of Biotechnology
- KTH-Royal Institute of Technology
- Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - H. K. Patra
- Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre
- Department of Physics
- Chemistry and Biology (IFM)
- Linköping University
- Linköping
| | - Anthony P. F. Turner
- Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre
- Department of Physics
- Chemistry and Biology (IFM)
- Linköping University
- Linköping
| | - V. Chotteau
- School of Biotechnology
- KTH-Royal Institute of Technology
- Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - J. Phopase
- Division of Molecular Physics
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM)
- Linköping University
- Linköping
- Sweden
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83
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Bertillot F, Attieh Y, Delarue M, Gurchenkov BG, Descroix S, Vignjevic DM, Ferraro D. Microfluidic-Based Generation of 3D Collagen Spheres to Investigate Multicellular Spheroid Invasion. Methods Mol Biol 2017. [PMID: 28634950 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7021-6_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
During tumor progression, cancer cells acquire the ability to escape the primary tumor and invade adjacent tissues. They migrate through the stroma to reach blood or lymphatics vessels that will allow them to disseminate throughout the body and form metastasis at distant organs. To assay invasion capacity of cells in vitro, multicellular spheroids of cancer cells, mimicking primary tumor, are commonly embedded in collagen I extracellular matrix, which mimics the stroma. However, due to their higher density, spheroids tend to sink at the bottom of the collagen droplets, resulting in the spreading of the cells on two dimensions. We developed an innovative method based on droplet microfluidics to embed and control the position of multicellular spheroids inside spherical droplets of collagen. In this method cancer cells are exposed to a uniform three-dimensional (3D) collagen environment resulting in 3D cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Bertillot
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, 12 rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Youmna Attieh
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, 12 rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Morgan Delarue
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, 12 rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France.,Physics Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Basile G Gurchenkov
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, 12 rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Stephanie Descroix
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Institut Pierre Gilles De Gennes, CNRS UMR 168, 75005, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005, Paris, France
| | | | - Davide Ferraro
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Institut Pierre Gilles De Gennes, CNRS UMR 168, 75005, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, 75005, Paris, France
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84
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Pereira JFS, Awatade NT, Loureiro CA, Matos P, Amaral MD, Jordan P. The third dimension: new developments in cell culture models for colorectal research. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3971-89. [PMID: 27147463 PMCID: PMC11108567 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2258-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cellular models are important tools in various research areas related to colorectal biology and associated diseases. Herein, we review the most widely used cell lines and the different techniques to grow them, either as cell monolayer, polarized two-dimensional epithelia on membrane filters, or as three-dimensional spheres in scaffold-free or matrix-supported culture conditions. Moreover, recent developments, such as gut-on-chip devices or the ex vivo growth of biopsy-derived organoids, are also discussed. We provide an overview on the potential applications but also on the limitations for each of these techniques, while evaluating their contribution to provide more reliable cellular models for research, diagnostic testing, or pharmacological validation related to colon physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana F S Pereira
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nikhil T Awatade
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cláudia A Loureiro
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matos
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Margarida D Amaral
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Peter Jordan
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal.
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
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85
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Zhang Q, Yu Y, Zhao H. The effect of matrix stiffness on biomechanical properties of chondrocytes. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2016; 48:958-965. [PMID: 27590061 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmw087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The behavior of chondrocytes is regulated by multiple mechanical microenvironmental cues. During development and degenerative disease of articular cartilage, as an external signal, the extracellular matrix stiffness of chondrocytes changes significantly, but whether and how this biophysical cue affects biomechanical properties of chondrocytes remain elusive. In the present study, we designed supporting-biomaterials as mimics of native pericellular matrix to study the effect of matrix stiffness on chondrocyte morphology and F-actin distribution. Furthermore, the active mechanical behavior of chondrocytes during sensing and responding to different matrix stiffness was quantitatively investigated using atom force microscope technique and theoretical model. Our results indicated that stiffer matrix tends to increase the cell spreading area, the percentage of irregular cell shape distribution and mechanical parameters including elastic modulus (Eelastic), instantaneous modulus (E0), relaxed modulus (ER) and apparent viscosity (μ) of chondrocytes. Knowledge of matrix stiffness-dependent biomechanical behaviors of chondrocytes has important implications for optimizing matrix material and advancing chondrocyte-based applications for functional tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanyou Zhang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China College of Mechanics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hucheng Zhao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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86
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Giménez A, Uriarte JJ, Vieyra J, Navajas D, Alcaraz J. Elastic properties of hydrogels and decellularized tissue sections used in mechanobiology studies probed by atomic force microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2016; 80:85-96. [PMID: 27535539 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The increasing recognition that tissue elasticity is an important regulator of cell behavior in normal and pathologic conditions such as fibrosis and cancer has driven the development of cell culture substrata with tunable elasticity. Such development has urged the need to quantify the elastic properties of these cell culture substrata particularly at the nanometer scale, since this is the relevant length scale involved in cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) mechanical interactions. To address this need, we have exploited the versatility of atomic force microscopy to quantify the elastic properties of a variety of cell culture substrata used in mechanobiology studies, including floating collagen gels, ECM-coated polyacrylamide gels, and decellularized tissue sections. In this review we summarize major findings in this field from our group within the context of the state-of-the-art in the field, and provide a critical discussion on the applicability and complementarity of currently available cell culture assays with tunable elasticity. In addition, we briefly describe how the limitations of these assays provide opportunities for future research, which is expected to continue expanding our understanding of the mechanobiological aspects that support both normal and diseased conditions. Microsc. Res. Tech. 80:85-96, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alícia Giménez
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Juan José Uriarte
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Joan Vieyra
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain.,Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona, 08028, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Jordi Alcaraz
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, 28029, Spain
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87
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Griffin M, Nayyer L, Butler PE, Palgrave RG, Seifalian AM, Kalaskar DM. Development of mechano-responsive polymeric scaffolds using functionalized silica nano-fillers for the control of cellular functions. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:1725-33. [PMID: 27013128 PMCID: PMC4949378 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate an efficient method to produce mechano-responsive polymeric scaffolds which can alter cellular functions using two different functionalized (OH and NH2) silica nano-fillers. Fumed silica-hydroxyl and fumed silica-amine nano-fillers were mixed with a biocompatible polymer (POSS-PCU) at various wt% to produce scaffolds. XPS and mechanical testing demonstrate that bulk mechanical properties are modified without changing the scaffold's surface chemistry. Mechanical testing showed significant change in bulk properties of POSS-PCU scaffolds with an addition of silica nanofillers as low as 1% (P<0.01). Scaffolds modified with NH2 silica showed significantly higher bulk mechanical properties compared to the one modified with the OH group. Enhanced cell adhesion, proliferation and collagen production over 14days were observed on scaffolds with higher bulk mechanical properties (NH2) compared to those with lower ones (unmodified and OH modified) (P<0.05) during in vitro analysis. This study provides an effective method of manufacturing mechano-responsive polymeric scaffolds, which can help to customize cellular responses for biomaterial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Griffin
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leila Nayyer
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter E Butler
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert G Palgrave
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander M Seifalian
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Deepak M Kalaskar
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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88
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Kourouklis AP, Kaylan KB, Underhill GH. Substrate stiffness and matrix composition coordinately control the differentiation of liver progenitor cells. Biomaterials 2016; 99:82-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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89
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Haugh MG, Heilshorn SC. Integrating Concepts of Material Mechanics, Ligand Chemistry, Dimensionality and Degradation to Control Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE 2016; 20:171-179. [PMID: 28458610 PMCID: PMC5404745 DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The role of substrate mechanics in guiding mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) fate has been the focus of much research over the last decade. More recently, the complex interplay between substrate mechanics and other material properties such as ligand chemistry and substrate degradability to regulate MSC differentiation has begun to be elucidated. Additionally, there are several changes in the presentation of these material properties as the dimensionality is altered from two- to three-dimensional substrates, which may fundamentally alter our understanding of substrate-induced mechanotransduction processes. In this review, an overview of recent findings that highlight the material properties that are important in guiding MSC fate decisions is presented, with a focus on underlining gaps in our existing knowledge and proposing potential directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G. Haugh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sarah C. Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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90
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Mouser VHM, Melchels FPW, Visser J, Dhert WJA, Gawlitta D, Malda J. Yield stress determines bioprintability of hydrogels based on gelatin-methacryloyl and gellan gum for cartilage bioprinting. Biofabrication 2016; 8:035003. [PMID: 27431733 PMCID: PMC4954607 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/8/3/035003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bioprinting of chondrocyte-laden hydrogels facilitates the fabrication of constructs with controlled organization and shape e.g. for articular cartilage implants. Gelatin-methacryloyl (gelMA) supplemented with gellan gum is a promising bio-ink. However, the rheological properties governing the printing process, and the influence of gellan gum on the mechanical properties and chondrogenesis of the blend, are still unknown. Here, we investigated the suitability of gelMA/gellan for cartilage bioprinting. Multiple concentrations, ranging from 3% to 20% gelMA with 0%-1.5% gellan gum, were evaluated for their printability, defined as the ability to form filaments and to incorporate cells at 15 °C-37 °C. To support the printability assessment, yield stress and viscosity of the hydrogels were measured. Stiffness of UV-cured constructs, as well as cartilage-like tissue formation by embedded chondrocytes, were determined in vitro. A large range of gelMA/gellan concentrations were printable with inclusion of cells and formed the bioprinting window. The addition of gellan gum improved filament deposition by inducing yielding behavior, increased construct stiffness and supported chondrogenesis. High gellan gum concentrations, however, did compromise cartilage matrix production and distribution, and even higher concentrations resulted in too high yield stresses to allow cell encapsulation. This study demonstrates the high potential of gelMA/gellan blends for cartilage bioprinting and identifies yield stress as a dominant factor for bioprintability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian H M Mouser
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, T he Netherlands
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91
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Dadoo N, Gramlich WM. Spatiotemporal Modification of Stimuli-Responsive Hyaluronic Acid/Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogels. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:1341-1350. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nayereh Dadoo
- Department of Chemistry, 5706 Aubert Hall,
Room 154, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469-5706, United States
| | - William M. Gramlich
- Department of Chemistry, 5706 Aubert Hall,
Room 154, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469-5706, United States
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92
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Seifer BJ, Wagner CT. Strain gradient development in 3-dimensional extracellular matrix scaffolds during in vitro mechanical stimulation. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2016; 20:75-84. [PMID: 27353291 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2016.1200563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study analyzed strain variations in 3D ECM scaffolds using a membrane-adherent model (MM) and a direct elongation model (DM). Computational models were solved for target strains from 1 to 10% at varied scaffold thicknesses and intra-scaffold slices. DM strain profiles were uniform within the scaffold and independent of thickness. However, a wide range of strains developed with substantial volume experiencing significantly off-target strain. MM strain profiles varied throughout the scaffold, exhibiting significantly reduced average strain with increasing thickness. These findings are important for tissue engineering studies since biological responses are commonly attributed to a single strain level that only partially describes the mechanical condition, making it difficult to develop precise causal relationships. Spatial strain variations and reduced average strain may warrant targeted sampling for cell response and should be taken into consideration by investigators using large-volume 3D scaffolds when engineering mechanically sensitive tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Seifer
- a Department of Mechanical Engineering , School of Engineering, The College of New Jersey , Ewing , NJ , USA
| | - Christopher T Wagner
- b Department of Biomedical Engineering , School of Engineering, The College of New Jersey , Ewing , NJ , USA
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93
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He J, Meng G, Yao R, Jiang B, Wu Y, Wu F. The essential role of inorganic substrate in the migration and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 59:353-365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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94
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Labat B, Morin-Grognet S, Gaudière F, Bertolini-Forno L, Thoumire O, Vannier JP, Ladam G, Atmani H. Synergistic influence of topomimetic and chondroitin sulfate-based treatments on osteogenic potential of Ti-6Al-4V. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:1988-2000. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Labat
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
| | - Sandrine Morin-Grognet
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
| | - Fabien Gaudière
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
| | - Lucia Bertolini-Forno
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
| | - Olivier Thoumire
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
| | - Jean-Pierre Vannier
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
- MERCI, EA 3829, Faculté De Médecine-Pharmacie, Université De Rouen; 22 Boulevard Gambetta Rouen 76183 France
| | - Guy Ladam
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
| | - Hassan Atmani
- Normandie Université; Caen France
- Laboratoire De Biophysique Et Biomatériaux (La2B - MERCI EA 3829), Université De Rouen, Centre Universitaire D'Évreux; 1 Rue Du 7ème Chasseurs Évreux Cedex 27002 France
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95
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Gupta M, Doss B, Lim CT, Voituriez R, Ladoux B. Single cell rigidity sensing: A complex relationship between focal adhesion dynamics and large-scale actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Cell Adh Migr 2016; 10:554-567. [PMID: 27050660 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2016.1173800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many physiological and pathological processes involve tissue cells sensing the rigidity of their environment. In general, tissue cells have been shown to react to the stiffness of their environment by regulating their level of contractility, and in turn applying traction forces on their environment to probe it. This mechanosensitive process can direct early cell adhesion, cell migration and even cell differentiation. These processes require the integration of signals over time and multiple length scales. Multiple strategies have been developed to understand force- and rigidity-sensing mechanisms and much effort has been concentrated on the study of cell adhesion complexes, such as focal adhesions, and cell cytoskeletons. Here, we review the major biophysical methods used for measuring cell-traction forces as well as the mechanosensitive processes that drive cellular responses to matrix rigidity on 2-dimensional substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukund Gupta
- a Mechanobiology Institute (MBI) , National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Bryant Doss
- a Mechanobiology Institute (MBI) , National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- a Mechanobiology Institute (MBI) , National University of Singapore , Singapore.,b Department of Biomedical Engineering , Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | | | - Benoit Ladoux
- a Mechanobiology Institute (MBI) , National University of Singapore , Singapore.,d Institut Jacques Monod (IJM) , CNRS UMR 7592 & University Paris Diderot , Paris , France
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96
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Whang M, Kim J. Synthetic hydrogels with stiffness gradients for durotaxis study and tissue engineering scaffolds. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 13:126-139. [PMID: 30603392 PMCID: PMC6170857 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-016-0026-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Migration of cells along the right direction is of paramount importance in a number of in vivo circumstances such as immune response, embryonic developments, morphogenesis, and healing of wounds and scars. While it has been known for a while that spatial gradients in chemical cues guide the direction of cell migration, the significance of the gradient in mechanical cues, such as stiffness of extracellular matrices (ECMs), in directed migration of cells has only recently emerged. With advances in synthetic chemistry, micro-fabrication techniques, and methods to characterize mechanical properties at a length scale even smaller than a single cell, synthetic ECMs with spatially controlled stiffness have been created with variations in design parameters. Since then, the synthetic ECMs have served as platforms to study the migratory behaviors of cells in the presence of the stiffness gradient of ECM and also as scaffolds for the regeneration of tissues. In this review, we highlight recent studies in cell migration directed by the stiffness gradient, called durotaxis, and discuss the mechanisms of durotaxis. We also summarize general methods and design principles to create synthetic ECMs with the stiffness gradients and, finally, conclude by discussing current limitations and future directions of synthetic ECMs for the study of durotaxis and the scaffold for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Whang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungwook Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
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97
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Bruekers SMC, Jaspers M, Hendriks JMA, Kurniawan NA, Koenderink GH, Kouwer PHJ, Rowan AE, T S Huck W. Fibrin-fiber architecture influences cell spreading and differentiation. Cell Adh Migr 2016; 10:495-504. [PMID: 26910190 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2016.1151607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanical and structural properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) play an important role in regulating cell fate. The natural ECM has a complex fibrillar structure and shows nonlinear mechanical properties, which are both difficult to mimic synthetically. Therefore, systematically testing the influence of ECM properties on cellular behavior is very challenging. In this work we show two different approaches to tune the fibrillar structure and mechanical properties of fibrin hydrogels. Addition of extra thrombin before gelation increases the protein density within the fibrin fibers without significantly altering the mechanical properties of the resulting hydrogel. On the other hand, by forming a composite hydrogel with a synthetic biomimetic polyisocyanide network the protein density within the fibrin fibers decreases, and the mechanics of the composite material can be tuned by the PIC/fibrin mass ratio. The effect of the changes in gel structure and mechanics on cellular behavior are investigated, by studying human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) spreading and differentiation on these gels. We find that the trends observed in cell spreading and differentiation cannot be explained by the bulk mechanics of the gels, but correlate to the density of the fibrin fibers the gels are composed of. These findings strongly suggest that the microscopic properties of individual fibers in fibrous networks play an essential role in determining cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie M C Bruekers
- a Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Jaspers
- a Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - José M A Hendriks
- a Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Nicholas A Kurniawan
- b Systems Biophysics Department, FOM Institute AMOLF , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,c Department of Biomedical Engineering , Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Gijsje H Koenderink
- b Systems Biophysics Department, FOM Institute AMOLF , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Paul H J Kouwer
- a Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
| | - Alan E Rowan
- a Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University , Nijmegen , The Netherlands.,d Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Wilhelm T S Huck
- a Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University , Nijmegen , The Netherlands
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98
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Li J, Wu Y, Schimmel N, Al-Ameen MA, Ghosh G. Breast cancer cells mechanosensing in engineered matrices: Correlation with aggressive phenotype. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 61:208-220. [PMID: 26874251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of cancer is often driven by the modulation of the tumor microenvironment. Recent reports have highlighted that the progressive stiffening of tumor matrix is crucial for malignant transformation. Though extensive work has been done analyzing the mechanotransductive signals involved in tumor progression, it is still not clear whether the stiffness induced changes in cancer cell behavior is conserved across the invasive/aggressive phenotype of cells. Here, we used synthetic hydrogel based cell culture platform to correlate the aggressive potential of the breast cancer cells to the responses to matrix stiffness. The cellular functions such as proliferation, migration, and angiogenic capability were characterized. We report that the proliferation and motility of the highly aggressive cell line MDA-MB-231 increased with increase in matrix rigidity. We also demonstrated for the first time that the change in matrix stiffness stimulated the angiogenic activity of these cells as manifested from enhanced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Inhibition of actomyosin contractility attenuated proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells on stiff matrices while promoted the growth on soft gels. In addition, the release of VEGF was reduced upon inhibition of contractility. The less and non-aggressive breast cancer cells, SKBr3 and MCF-7 respectively displayed less dependency on matrix stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Li
- Bioengineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA
| | - Yang Wu
- Bioengineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA
| | - Nicholas Schimmel
- Bioengineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA
| | - Mohammad Ali Al-Ameen
- Bioengineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA
| | - Gargi Ghosh
- Bioengineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA.
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99
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Staunton JR, Doss BL, Lindsay S, Ros R. Correlating confocal microscopy and atomic force indentation reveals metastatic cancer cells stiffen during invasion into collagen I matrices. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19686. [PMID: 26813872 PMCID: PMC4728602 DOI: 10.1038/srep19686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical interactions between cells and their microenvironment dictate cell phenotype and behavior, calling for cell mechanics measurements in three-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrices (ECM). Here we describe a novel technique for quantitative mechanical characterization of soft, heterogeneous samples in 3D. The technique is based on the integration of atomic force microscopy (AFM) based deep indentation, confocal fluorescence microscopy, finite element (FE) simulations and analytical modeling. With this method, the force response of a cell embedded in 3D ECM can be decoupled from that of its surroundings, enabling quantitative determination of the elastic properties of both the cell and the matrix. We applied the technique to the quantification of the elastic properties of metastatic breast adenocarcinoma cells invading into collagen hydrogels. We found that actively invading and fully embedded cells are significantly stiffer than cells remaining on top of the collagen, a clear example of phenotypical change in response to the 3D environment. Treatment with Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor significantly reduces this stiffening, indicating that actomyosin contractility plays a major role in the initial steps of metastatic invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack R. Staunton
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
- Center for Biological Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Bryant L. Doss
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
- Center for Biological Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Stuart Lindsay
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
- Center for Biological Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Robert Ros
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
- Center for Biological Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
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100
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Singh D, Singh D, Han SS. 3D Printing of Scaffold for Cells Delivery: Advances in Skin Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8010019. [PMID: 30979115 PMCID: PMC6432526 DOI: 10.3390/polym8010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Injury or damage to tissue and organs is a major health problem, resulting in about half of the world’s annual healthcare expenditure every year. Advances in the fields of stem cells (SCs) and biomaterials processing have provided a tremendous leap for researchers to manipulate the dynamics between these two, and obtain a skin substitute that can completely heal the wounded areas. Although wound healing needs a coordinated interplay between cells, extracellular proteins and growth factors, the most important players in this process are the endogenous SCs, which activate the repair cascade by recruiting cells from different sites. Extra cellular matrix (ECM) proteins are activated by these SCs, which in turn aid in cellular migrations and finally secretion of growth factors that can seal and heal the wounds. The interaction between ECM proteins and SCs helps the skin to sustain the rigors of everyday activity, and in an attempt to attain this level of functionality in artificial three-dimensional (3D) constructs, tissue engineered biomaterials are fabricated using more advanced techniques such as bioprinting and laser assisted printing of the organs. This review provides a concise summary of the most recent advances that have been made in the area of polymer bio-fabrication using 3D bio printing used for encapsulating stem cells for skin regeneration. The focus of this review is to describe, in detail, the role of 3D architecture and arrangement of cells within this system that can heal wounds and aid in skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Singh
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT-06510, CT, USA.
| | - Dolly Singh
- Biomaterials Lab, Department of Nano, Medical & Polymer Materials, College of Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ko, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbukdo 712-749, Korea.
| | - Sung Soo Han
- Biomaterials Lab, Department of Nano, Medical & Polymer Materials, College of Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ko, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbukdo 712-749, Korea.
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