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Chen R, Wang Q, Zhao L, Yang S, Li Z, Feng Y, Chen J, Ong CN, Zhang H. Lomatogonium Rotatum for Treatment of Acute Liver Injury in Mice: A Metabolomics Study. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9100227. [PMID: 31615066 PMCID: PMC6836280 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lomatogonium rotatum (L.) Fries ex Nym (LR) is used as a traditional Mongolian medicine to treat liver and bile diseases. This study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of LR on mice with CCl4-induced acute liver injury through conventional assays and metabolomics analysis. This study consisted of male mice (n = 23) in four groups (i.e., control, model, positive control, and LR). The extract of whole plant of LR was used to treat mice in the LR group. Biochemical and histological assays (i.e., serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), and histological changes of liver tissue) were used to evaluate LR efficacy, and metabolomics analysis based on GC-MS and LC-MS was conducted to reveal metabolic changes. The conventional analysis and metabolomic profiles both suggested that LR treatment could protect mice against CCl4-induced acute liver injury. The affected metabolic pathways included linoleic acid metabolism, α-linolenic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, CoA biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, the TCA cycle, and purine metabolism. This study identified eight metabolites, including phosphopantothenic acid, succinic acid, AMP, choline, glycerol 3-phosphate, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, and DHA, as potential biomarkers for evaluating hepatoprotective effect of LR. This metabolomics study may shed light on possible mechanisms of hepatoprotective effect of LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhao Chen
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herb Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Lanjun Zhao
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herb Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China.
| | - Shilin Yang
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herb Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China.
| | - Zhifeng Li
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herb Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China.
| | - Yulin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Jiaqing Chen
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.
| | - Choon Nam Ong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore.
| | - Hui Zhang
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.
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Alamri ZZ. Effect of Luteolin and Quercetin on Thioacetamide Induced Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.863.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ali I, Suhail M, Naqshbandi MF, Fazil M, Ahmad B, Sayeed A. Role of Unani Medicines in Cancer Control and Management. CURRENT DRUG THERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885513666180907103659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background:Cancer is a havoc and killer disease. Several ways including allopathic chemotherapy have been used in the cancer treatment. Allopathic chemotherapy has several limitations and side effects. Unani medicine is also one of the therapies to cure cancer.Objective:In this type of treatment, herbal drugs are used for the treatment and prevention of cancer. The main attractive thing about herbal drug is no side effect as compared to allopathic chemotherapy.Methods:Actually, herbal drugs are the extracts of medicinal plants. The plant extracts are obtained by crushing and heating the main part of the plants; showing anticancer activity. The main plants used in the treatment of cancer are oroxylum indicum, dillenia indica, terminalia arjuna etc.Results:Mainly the cancers treated are of digestive system, breast, cervical, brain, blood, bone, lungs, thyroid, uterine, bladder, throat etc.Conclusion:The present review article discusses the importance of Unani system of medicine for the treatment of cancer. Besides, the future perspectives of Unani medicine in cancer treatment are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Mohd. Suhail
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Mohd. Farooq Naqshbandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi- 110025, India
| | - Mohd. Fazil
- Hakim Ajmal Khan Institute for Literary & Historical Research in Unani Medicine, Dr. M. A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- Hakim Ajmal Khan Institute for Literary & Historical Research in Unani Medicine, Dr. M. A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Ahmad Sayeed
- Hakim Ajmal Khan Institute for Literary & Historical Research in Unani Medicine, Dr. M. A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India
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Liu H, Chen M, Yin H, Hu P, Wang Y, Liu F, Tian X, Huang C. Exploration of the hepatoprotective chemical base of an orally administered herbal formulation (YCHT) in normal and CCl 4-intoxicated liver injury rats. Part 1: Metabolic profiles from the liver-centric perspective. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 237:81-91. [PMID: 30904705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Yin-Chen-Hao Tang (YCHT), derived from "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" in ancient China, has been a very popular hepatoprotective three-herb formula in China and Japan, although its chemical base remains unclear. AIM OF THIS STUDY As the first step in revealing the hepatoprotective chemical base of YCHT, we aimed to clarify the absorbed ingredients and associated metabolic pathways for orally dosed YCHT in both normal and liver injury rats from a liver-centric perspective. MATERIALS AND METHODS With the aid of 10 reference compounds, the absorbed ingredients and generated metabolites were systematically characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF) in the portal vein plasma (the plasma before hepatic disposition) - liver - systemic plasma (the plasma after hepatic disposition), following oral administration of YCHT in normal and CCl4-induced liver injury rats. RESULTS A total of 38 compounds with six chemical structures, consisting of 10 prototypes and 28 metabolites generated through 9 biotransformations, were absolutely or tentatively identified, and 25 compounds were first reported on YCHT treatments. Among them, 8 compounds were absolutely confirmed by comparing with standard substances, and some had published hepatoprotective activities. Compared with the 35, 15, and 29 compounds identified in the portal vein plasma, liver, and systemic plasma of normal rats, respectively, the corresponding numbers of characterized compounds were 37, 13 and 29 in the liver injury rats. CONCLUSIONS Sulfation and glucuronidation were the predominant biotransformations, and intestinal metabolism, prior to hepatic metabolism, occurred for most compounds. CCl4-induced liver injury caused only slight changes in the metabolic profiles of rats orally administered YCHT. These results provided the precondition for further quantitative analysis and pharmacodynamic screening of compounds in YCHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mingcang Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Pei Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoting Tian
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Chenggang Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Fabrication of antimicrobial curcumin stabilized platinum nanoparticles and their anti-liver fibrosis activity for potential use in nursing care. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 195:27-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Altınok-Yipel F, Ozan Tekeli İ, Özsoy ŞY, Güvenç M, Kaya A, Yipel M. Hepatoprotective Activity of Linalool in Rats Against Liver Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 90:302-308. [PMID: 30932786 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate and compare hepatoprotective activity of Coriandrum sativum (Cs) and it is major component linalool (Ln) against experimentally induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Essential oil of Cs was isolated by hydrodistillation method and chemical composition was determined by GS-MS analysis. 42 male Wistar Albino rats were divited into 7 groups each containing 6. The experimental groups were designed as: Normal control group, 1 ml/kg CCl4 administirated group, 25 mg/kg Silymarin and CCl4 administirated group, 100 and 200 mg/kg Cs and CCl4 administirated groups, 100 and 200 mg/kg Ln and CCl4 administered groups. The protective activities were determined according to the results of liver biomarkers (AST, ALT, ALP), antioxidant parameters (GSH, GPx, CAT), lipid peroxidation (MDA) and histopathological examination. Linalool percentage of Cs was 81.6%. The groups treated with linalool (100 and 200 mg/kg) (p < 0.01) and coriander (200 mg/kg) (p < 0.05) had significantly reduced AST (262-375) and ALT (101-290) levels (U/L) compared to the CCl4 (600-622) group. The levels (nmol/g protein) of MDA (11-12) were significantly lower (p < 0.01), the levels of GSH (11-12) and the activities of CAT (23-24) were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in linalool groups (100 and 200 mg/kg) compared to the CCl4 (18-5-10 respectively) group. These results were also supported by histopathological findings and indicate that Cs and Ln shows hepatoprotective activity against liver damage. In this regard, evaluation of activities of major components are needed to compare to medicinal plants in experimental diseases models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulya Altınok-Yipel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Univ., Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Ozan Tekeli
- Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal Univ., Hatay, Turkey
| | - Şule Yurdagül Özsoy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes Univ., Aydın, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Güvenç
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal Univ., Hatay, Turkey
| | - Alpaslan Kaya
- Department of FieldCrops, Faculty of Agricultural, Hatay Mustafa Kemal Univ., Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yipel
- Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Univ., Tekirdağ, Turkey
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Li X, Liu H, Shao Y, Ma G, Song D, Xu G, Wang Z. Wide Identification of the Compounds in Licorice and Exploration of the Mechanism for Prostatitis Treatment by Combining UHPLC‐LTQ‐Orbitrap MS with Network Pharmacology. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuming Li
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University Hebei 067000 China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of PharmacyMinzu University of China Beijing 100081 China
| | - Yuanyang Shao
- School of Chinese Materia MedicaBeijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488 China
| | - Guang Ma
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University Hebei 067000 China
| | - Dianbin Song
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University Hebei 067000 China
| | - Guojie Xu
- School of Life ScienceBeijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 102488 China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University Hebei 067000 China
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Berberine Attenuated Oxidative Stress Induced by Sodium Nitrite in Rat Liver. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.68532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Jairaman C, Yacoob SAM, Venkatraman A, Nagarajan Y, Murugesan G. Propugnating Effect of Bark of Rhizophora mucronata Against Different Toxicants Viz Carbon Tetrachloride, Ethanol and Paracetamol on HepG 2 Cell Lines. J Pharmacopuncture 2019; 22:41-48. [PMID: 30989000 PMCID: PMC6461297 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2019.22.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of the bark extract (Ethanol: Water) in the ratio of (3:1) of Rhizophora mucronata (BERM) by intoxicating the HepG2 cell lines with different toxicants viz, CCL4, Ethanol and Paracetamol with different concentrations of the extract were used. The HepG2 cell lines were subjected to MTT Assay for studying the cytotoxicity. METHODS HepG2 cells were plated using 96 well plate in 10% bovine serum, exposed to different toxicants viz, 2% CCl4, 60% Ethanol and 14 mM Paracetamol respectively. The various test concentrations (18.85, 37.5, 75, 150 and 300 μg/ml) of bark extract of Rhizophora mucronata was added and incubated for 24 hours. Medium was removed after incubation period and 0.5 mg/ml MTT(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) was added and again incubated for 4 hours at 37oC. Then MTT was removed the crystals was dissolved in DMSO and absorbance was measured at 570 nm. RESULTS The result showed that dose dependent increase in percentage of viability at the doses of 18.85, 37.5, 75, 150, 300 μg/ml. The results for the CCl4 intoxicated, at 300 μg/ml of the concentration of the extract, the % of viable cells was found out to be 99.6%, for Ethanol intoxicated, 97.67%, and Paracetamol induced, 75.37%, IC50 was 21.53 μg/ml, 12.61 μg/ml and 21.42 μg/ml respectively. CONCLUSION Thus, we conclude that, the extract possesses defensive effect against different toxicants and can be used as an alternate drug for hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Jairaman
- PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Mohammed Sathak College of Arts & Science, Shollinganallur, Chennai-119, Tamil nadu,
India
| | - Syed Ali Mohamed Yacoob
- PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Mohammed Sathak College of Arts & Science, Shollinganallur, Chennai-119, Tamil nadu,
India
| | - Anuradha Venkatraman
- PG and Research Department of Biochemistry, Mohammed Sathak College of Arts & Science, Shollinganallur, Chennai-119, Tamil nadu,
India
| | - Yogananth Nagarajan
- PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Mohammed Sathak College of Arts & Science, Shollinganallur, Chennai-119, Tamil nadu,
India
| | - Gnanadesigan Murugesan
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathair University, Coimbatore-641046, Tamil nadu,
India
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Bakr RO, Fayed MAA, Fayez AM, Gabr SK, El-Fishawy AM. Hepatoprotective activity of Erythrina × neillii leaf extract and characterization of its phytoconstituents. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 53:9-17. [PMID: 30668417 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents have the ability to restore normal balance to destructed liver cells. The genus Erythrina has attracted attention for its broad spectrum of physiological activities and its rich polyphenolic and alkaloid contents. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The major phytoconstituents of Erythrina × neillii, an ornamental coral tree and a hybrid between E. herbacea and E. humeana that was not previously studied, were investigated. The hepatoprotective effect and underlying mechanisms were also assessed. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The main phytoconstituents in the different fractions of the alcoholic leaf extract (dichloromethane and ethyl acetate) were identified using high resolution high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HR-HPLC-MS-MS) based on the fragmentation pattern and molecular formula of the identified compounds and on previous literature. In addition, the hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of three doses of E. × neillii alcoholic leaf extract (100, 250, 500 mg/kg) were investigated in methotrexate (MTX)-intoxicated rats and were compared with those of silymarin-treated rats. Liver function parameters were obtained, and a histopathological study was performed. In addition, the anti-inflammatory mediators and the antioxidant system in the liver tissues were assessed. RESULTS The dichloromethane extract revealed an abundance of alkaloids (25), in addition to tentatively identifying flavone (1), flavanone (1) and three fatty acids. Additionally, thirty-six compounds belonging to different classes of phytoconstituents with a predominance of flavonoids (21), O/C-flavone and flavonol glycosides, followed by alkaloids (9), fatty acids (4) and (2), and phenolic glycoside were identified in the ethyl acetate extract. Compared with MTX, alcoholic leaf extract (500 mg/kg) ameliorated the MTX-induced alterations by improving several biochemical marker levels, fighting oxidative stress in serum and liver tissues, and decreasing inflammatory mediators; this finding was further confirmed by the histopathological study. CONCLUSION This study reveals E. × neillii, a rich source of flavonoids and alkaloids, which could be further exploited to provide a promising and safe antihepatotoxic agent source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riham O Bakr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts,, Giza 11787, Egypt.
| | - Marwa A A Fayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Fayez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza 11787, Egypt
| | - Salma K Gabr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts,, Giza 11787, Egypt
| | - Ahlam M El-Fishawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Méndez-Sánchez N, Dibildox-Martinez M, Sosa-Noguera J, Sánchez-Medal R, Flores-Murrieta FJ. Superior silybin bioavailability of silybin-phosphatidylcholine complex in oily-medium soft-gel capsules versus conventional silymarin tablets in healthy volunteers. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 20:5. [PMID: 30635055 PMCID: PMC6330464 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-018-0280-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrosis is a response to chronic liver disease that results in excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins and formation of scar tissue. Fibrosis represents a clinical challenge of worldwide significance. Several studies have demonstrated that many natural products and herbal medicines have activity against liver fibrosis, and extracts of milk thistle such as silymarin and silybin are the natural compounds most commonly prescribed for liver diseases. Therefore, we sought to assess and compare the pharmacokinetic properties and bioavailability of silybin-phosphatidylcholine complex in oily-medium soft-gel capsules and conventional silymarin tablets in healthy Mexican volunteers. METHODS We enrolled 23 healthy volunteers to participate in a prospective, balanced, blind, single-dose, two-way crossover study with a one-week washout period. Fasting participants received either 45 mg silybin-phosphatidylcholine complex or 70 mg silymarin to assess which formulation provided better bioavailability of silybin. Plasma was obtained and analysed for silybin concentration using a validated ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by non-compartmental analysis and values were compared by analysis of variance for a crossover design. Ratios of maximum plasma drug concentration and area under the curve (AUC) were obtained and 90% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS The 23 healthy subjects (11 women, 12 men) who participated in the study were aged 22-31 years old (average: 28), average weight 64.8 kg, height 1.65 m and body mass index 23.5 kg/m2. Plasma levels of silybin were higher after the administration of silybin-phosphatidylcholine complex capsules compared with that after conventional silymarin tablets (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The silybin-phosphatidylcholine complex in oily-medium soft-gel capsules seems to provide superior bioavailability. However, clinical studies must be performed to demonstrate its clinical relevance in the treatment of liver diseases. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03440164 ; registered on November 11, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahum Méndez-Sánchez
- Liver Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Puente de Piedra 150, Col. Toriello Guerra, 14050, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | | | | | | | - Francisco J Flores-Murrieta
- National Institute of Respiratory Diseases "Ismael Cosío Villegas", 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.,Superior School of Medicine, National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
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Effects of turmeric and chicory seed supplementation on antioxidant and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aimed.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Baiguera C, Boschetti A, Raffetti E, Zanini B, Puoti M, Donato F. Phyllanthus niruri versus Placebo for Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Complement Med Res 2018; 25:376-382. [PMID: 30372693 DOI: 10.1159/000484927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of a 12-month treatment with Phyllanthus niruri in subjects with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS A placebo-controlled, parallel-group double-blind trial was performed. Clinical assessments took place at baseline and at 1, 3, 9, and 12 months after the treatment start and 6 months after treatment end. RESULTS In the first 2 years, 50 eligible subjects with chronic HBV accepted to participate. Of those, 47 completed all the study-related visits (6% drop-out rate): 24 of the 26 (92%) allocated to the Phyllanthus group and 23 of the 24 (96%) allocated to the placebo group completed the study. No statistically significant differences in viral load were found between the intervention and placebo groups after 12 months and no subjects showed HBsAg clearance. With regards to safety, there were no changes in renal function parameters in both groups after 12 months and no serious adverse events occurred due to the treatment. The study was stopped at the end of the second year because there was no apparent benefit of the treatment. CONCLUSION This study does not support the use of Phyllanthus niruri for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.
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Schink A, Neumann J, Leifke AL, Ziegler K, Fröhlich-Nowoisky J, Cremer C, Thines E, Weber B, Pöschl U, Schuppan D, Lucas K. Screening of herbal extracts for TLR2- and TLR4-dependent anti-inflammatory effects. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203907. [PMID: 30307962 PMCID: PMC6181297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal extracts represent an ample source of natural compounds, with potential to be used in improving human health. There is a growing interest in using natural extracts as possible new treatment strategies for inflammatory diseases. We therefore aimed at identifying herbal extracts that affect inflammatory signaling pathways through toll-like receptors (TLRs), TLR2 and TLR4. Ninety-nine ethanolic extracts were screened in THP-1 monocytes and HeLa-TLR4 transfected reporter cells for their effects on stimulated TLR2 and TLR4 signaling pathways. The 28 identified anti-inflammatory extracts were tested in comparative assays of stimulated HEK-TLR2 and HEK-TLR4 transfected reporter cells to differentiate between direct TLR4 antagonistic effects and interference with downstream signaling cascades. Furthermore, the ten most effective anti-inflammatory extracts were tested on their ability to inhibit nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) translocation in HeLa-TLR4 transfected reporter cell lines and for their ability to repolarize M1-type macrophages. Ethanolic extracts which showed the highest anti-inflammatory potential, up to a complete inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production were Castanea sativa leaves, Cinchona pubescens bark, Cinnamomum verum bark, Salix alba bark, Rheum palmatum root, Alchemilla vulgaris plant, Humulus lupulus cones, Vaccinium myrtillus berries, Curcuma longa root and Arctostaphylos uva-ursi leaves. Moreover, all tested extracts mitigated not only TLR4, but also TLR2 signaling pathways. Seven of them additionally inhibited translocation of NF-κB into the nucleus. Two of the extracts showed impact on repolarization of pro-inflammatory M1-type to anti-inflammatory M2-type macrophages. Several promising anti-inflammatory herbal extracts were identified in this study, including extracts with previously unknown influence on key TLR signaling pathways and macrophage repolarization, serving as a basis for novel lead compound identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Schink
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Neumann
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna Lena Leifke
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kira Ziegler
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Cremer
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eckhard Thines
- Institut für Biotechnologie und Wirkstoff-Forschung gGmbH, Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bettina Weber
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ulrich Pöschl
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Kurt Lucas
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Antifibrotic Activity and In Ovo Toxicity Study of Liver-Targeted Curcumin-Gold Nanoparticle. Sci Pharm 2018; 86:scipharm86040041. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm86040041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugation of curcumin and gold with green chemistry is an approach to improve the effectiveness of curcumin as anti-fibrosis. In this work, curcumin and gold were conjugated to deliver curcumin to the liver. Curcumin-gold nanoparticles (cAuNPs) were prepared by varying curcumin pH and concentration. The successful of cAuNPs formation were identified by using UV-visible and FTIR spectrophotometers. The particle size and morphology were analyzed using particle size analyzer and cryo-TEM respectively. In vitro antioxidant assay was performed to determine the curcumin activity after conjugation. Physical and chemical stabilities of cAuNPs were studied for one month at 5 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C. Furthermore, the cAuNPs activity to modulate early marker of fibrosis was tested on NIH/3T3 cells. The optimum condition for cAuNPs synthesis was by using 1.5 mM curcumin at pH 9.3. As compared to free curcumin, cAuNPs showed higher antioxidant activity and maintained the nanosize after stored for one month. In line with the antioxidant activity, cAuNPs 0.25–1 μg/mL reduced the collagen production by NIH/3T3 cells. More importantly, cAuNPs did not demonstrate any effect on the development of chicken embryo. Taken together, the attachment of gold to curcumin in the form of cAuNPs is promising for curcumin targeting to treat hepatic fibrosis.
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67
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Herbal management of hepatocellular carcinoma through cutting the pathways of the common risk factors. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1246-1258. [PMID: 30257339 PMCID: PMC7127621 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered the most frequent tumor that associated with high mortality rate. Several risk factors contribute to the pathogenesis of HCC, such as chronic persistent infection with hepatitis C virus or hepatitis B virus, chronic untreated inflammation of liver with different etiology, oxidative stress and fatty liver disease. Several treatment protocols are used in the treatment of HCC but they also associated with diverse side effects. Many natural products are helpful in the co-treatment and prevention of HCC. Several mechanisms are involved in the action of these herbal products and their bioactive compounds in the prevention and co-treatment of HCC. They can inhibit the liver cancer development and progression in several ways as protecting against liver carcinogens, enhancing effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, inhibiting tumor cell growth and metastasis, and suppression of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. In this review, we will discuss the utility of diverse natural products in the prevention and co-treatment of HCC, through its capturing of the common risk factors known to lead to HCC and shed the light on their possible mechanisms of action. Our theory assumes that shutting down the risk factor to cancer development pathways is a critical strategy in cancer prevention and management. We recommend the use of these plants side by side to recent chemical medications and after stopping these chemicals, as a maintenance therapy to avoid HCC progression and decrease its global incidence.
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Ferreira D, Pinto DCGA, Silva H, Girol AP, de Lourdes Pereira M. Salicornia ramosissima J. Woods seeds affected the normal regenerative function on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver and kidney injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:283-291. [PMID: 30098546 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing importance of Salicornia plants as bioactive agents and health promoters associated with the continuous demand for alternative treatments for liver disorders, has stimulated us to evaluate the renal and hepatic effects of S. ramosissima seeds in mice under normal conditions and exposure to toxic products as carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Thus, histopathological and lipid peroxidation evaluations of the liver and kidneys were performed. Powdered dried seeds of S. ramosissima (SRS) were administered orally for 22 days at a dose of 2000 mg/kg/day to male mice in three different settings: 1) seed effects, 2) protection against CCl4 acute toxicity (0.2 mL/kg) and 3) regeneration after acute exposure to CCl4 (0.2 mL/kg), each study being performed with appropriate control animals. Mice treated with SRS per se had slightly enlarged hepatic sinusoids and noticeable renal inflammation. SRS did not show effective protection against mice exposed to CCl4 and had no positive influence on liver and kidney recovery after CCl4 administration. These results demonstrated that SRS failed to improve hepato- and nephrotoxicity, in addition to the apparent synergism between CCl4 and SRS under these experimental conditions. Although the biological mechanisms of S. ramosissima are not fully understood, the evidence suggests further research to elucidate its adverse biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ferreira
- Department of Biology & CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diana C G A Pinto
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA - Organic Chemistry and Natural and Agro-food Products, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena Silva
- Department of Biology & CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Girol
- Padre Albino University Centre, Catanduva, São Paulo, Brazil; São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- Department of Medical Sciences & CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Momenkiaei F, Raofie F. Preparation of silybum marianum seeds extract nanoparticles by supercritical solution expansion. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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70
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Li L, Shen A, Chu J, Sferra TJ, Sankararaman S, Ke X, Chen Y, Peng J. Pien Tze Huang ameliorates DSS‑induced colonic inflammation in a mouse colitis model through inhibition of the IL‑6/STAT3 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1113-1119. [PMID: 29845215 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin‑6 (IL‑6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway plays essential roles in the development of inflammatory diseases including ulcerative colitis (UC). Therefore, suppression of IL‑6/STAT3 signaling provides a promising therapeutic strategy in UC. Pien Tze Huang (PZH), a well‑known traditional Chinese formula, has been used in China and Southeast Asia for centuries as a folk remedy for various inflammatory diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms of its anti‑inflammatory effects remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we generated a mouse colitis model by using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of PZH against UC by observing the clinical manifestations. We found that PZH obviously alleviated DSS‑induced colitis symptoms, including body weight loss, rectal bleeding and stool consistency. In addition, administration of PZH profoundly prevented DSS‑induced colon shortening, and ameliorated colonic histopathological changes such as mucosal ulceration, infiltration of inflammatory cells, crypt distortion and hyperplastic epithelium. Moreover, PZH markedly inhibited the serum level of the inflammatory biomarker serum amylase A (SAA) in UC mice. Furthermore, PZH treatment significantly inhibited DSS‑induced expression of IL‑6 in colon tissues. Finally, the increased phosphorylation level of STAT3, induced either by DSS in experimental mice or by IL‑6 in the differentiated human colorectal carcinoma cells, was significantly suppressed by PZH. These results suggest that the inhibition of IL‑6/STAT3 signaling is a potential mechanism by which PZH is used in the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Chu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Thomas J Sferra
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Senthilkumar Sankararaman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Xiao Ke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, P.R. China
| | - Youqin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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Mostafa NM, Abd El-Ghffar EA, Hegazy HG, Eldahshan OA. New Methoxyflavone fromCasimiroa sapotaand the Biological Activities of Its Leaves Extract against Lead Acetate Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Chem Biodivers 2018; 15:e1700528. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nada M. Mostafa
- Pharmacognosy Department; Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain Shams University; Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | | | - Hoda G. Hegazy
- Zoology Department; Faculty of Science; Ain Shams University; Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Omayma A. Eldahshan
- Pharmacognosy Department; Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain Shams University; Cairo 11566 Egypt
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72
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Vilanova-Sanchez A, Gasior AC, Toocheck N, Weaver L, Wood RJ, Reck CA, Wagner A, Hoover E, Gagnon R, Jaggers J, Maloof T, Nash O, Williams C, Levitt MA. Are Senna based laxatives safe when used as long term treatment for constipation in children? J Pediatr Surg 2018; 53:722-727. [PMID: 29429768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Senna is a stimulant laxative commonly used by pediatricians, pediatric gastroenterologists, and pediatric surgeons. Many clinicians avoid Senna for reasons such as tolerance or side effects but this has little scientific justification. We recently found several patients we were caring for developed perineal blistering during the course of Senna treatment. Because of this we chose to review the literature to identify side effects in children taking this medication as well as to analyze our Center's experience with Senna's secondary effects. METHODS We performed a literature review (MEDLINE, PUBMED) using the keywords of Senna, sen, sennosides and children, and pediatric and functional (idiopathic) constipation. We looked for articles with information regarding perineal blisters related to Senna as well as other secondary effects of Senna laxatives in children when used on a long-term basis. We also reviewed the charts of our patients who had previously taken Senna or are currently taking Senna, looking for adverse reactions. RESULTS Eight articles in the literature reported perineal blisters after administration of Senna laxatives in 28 patients. Of those occurrences, 18 patients (64%) had accidental administration of Senna and 10 (36%) had Senna prescribed as a long term treatment. All of the blistering episodes were related to high dose, night-time accidents, or intense diarrhea with a long period of stool to skin contact. At our institution, from 2014 to 2017, we prescribed Senna and have recorded data to 640 patients. During the study period, 17 patients (2.2%) developed blisters during their treatment. Patients who developed blisters had higher doses 60mg/day; 60 [12-100] vs. 17.5 [1.7-150] (p<0.001). All of the blistering episodes were related to night-time accidents, with a long period of stool to skin contact. 83 (13%) patients presented minor side effects such as abdominal cramping, vomiting or diarrhea which resolved once the type of laxatives were changed or enemas were started. The doses of Senna was not significantly different in these patients 15mg/day [4.4-150] vs. 17.5mg/day [1.5-150]. There were no other long-term side effects from Senna found in the pediatric literature for long-term treatment besides abdominal cramping or diarrhea during the first weeks of administration. We found no evidence of tolerance to Senna in our review. CONCLUSION There is a paucity of information in the literature regarding side effects of sennosides as a long-term therapy, and to our knowledge, this is the first review of Senna side effects in children. Senna induced dermatitis is rare, but may occur when patients need a higher dose. All of the cases described had a long period of exposure of the skin to stool. Besides the perineal rash with blisters, we could find no other described major side effect with Senna administration in the pediatric population or evidence of the frequently mentioned concern of the development of tolerance to Senna. Pediatric caregivers should advise families of the rare side effect of skin blistering and educate them to change the diaper frequently in children who are not toilet- trained to reduce stool to skin exposure. We can conclude from this review that Senna is a safe treatment option for constipation in children. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Vilanova-Sanchez
- Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.
| | - Alessandra C Gasior
- Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Nicole Toocheck
- Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Laura Weaver
- Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Richard J Wood
- Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Carlos A Reck
- Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Andrea Wagner
- Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Erin Hoover
- Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Renae Gagnon
- Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jordon Jaggers
- Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Tassiana Maloof
- Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Onnalisa Nash
- Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Charae Williams
- Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Marc A Levitt
- Center for Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
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Martínez G, Diéguez SN, Rodríguez E, Decundo JM, Romanelli A, Fernández Paggi MB, Pérez Gaudio DS, Amanto FA, Soraci AL. Effect of Cynara scolymus and Silybum marianum extracts on bile production in pigs. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2018.1456441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Martínez
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA-CONICET-CICPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas – CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana Nelly Diéguez
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Edgardo Rodríguez
- Área Estadística, Sanidad Animal y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta María Decundo
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA-CONICET-CICPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas – CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustina Romanelli
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA-CONICET-CICPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas – CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Fernández Paggi
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA-CONICET-CICPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas – CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Denisa Soledad Pérez Gaudio
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA-CONICET-CICPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas – CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fabián Andrés Amanto
- Área de Producción Porcina, Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Luis Soraci
- Área Toxicología, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, UNCPBA-CONICET-CICPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas – CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Zhang Z, Zhou J, Song D, Sun Y, Liao C, Jiang X. Gastrodin protects against LPS-induced acute lung injury by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 8:32147-32156. [PMID: 28389632 PMCID: PMC5458274 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrodin (GAS), a phenolic glucoside derived from Gastrodiaelata Blume, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of GAS on LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. ALI was induced by the intranasal administration of LPS and GAS was given 1 h or 12 h after LPS treatment. The results indicated that GAS treatment markedly attenuated the damage of lung injury induced by LPS. GAS attenuated the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and down-regulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in BALF. LPS-induced lung edema and lung function were also reversed by GAS. Furthermore, GAS was found to inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory cells infiltration. In addition, treatment of GAS inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation and up-regulated the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1. In conclusion, our results indicated that GAS had anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced acute lung injury. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of GAS was through the inhibition of NF-κB and activation of Nrf2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Laboratory of Science of Chinese Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Daqiang Song
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuhong Sun
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Changli Liao
- Research Department, College of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of College of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Adewuyi A, Otuechere CA, Adebayo OL, Anazodo C, Pereira FV. Renal toxicological evaluations of sulphonated nanocellulose from Khaya sengalensis seed in Wistar rats. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 284:56-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Hamid M, Abdulrahim Y, Liu D, Qian G, Khan A, Huang K. The Hepatoprotective Effect of Selenium-Enriched Yeast and Gum Arabic Combination on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Chronic Liver Injury in Rats. J Food Sci 2018; 83:525-534. [PMID: 29350750 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of selenium-enriched yeast (SY) and Gum Arabic (GA) have been reported. This study aimed to determine the hepatoprotective effect of SY and GA combination on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 )-induced chronic liver injury in rats and to explore their synergistic mechanisms of action. Forty adult male Wistar rats randomly allotted to 5 groups: (A) worked as control, (B) was administered CCl4 , (C-E) were fed daily by GA, SY, and GA+SY respectively after mixing with basal diet, following CCl4 -intoxication. GA and SY combination significantly ameliorated CCl4 -induced reduction in serum total protein with elevation in aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) in addition to restoring the histopathological changes and hepatic content of hydroxyproline. GA and SY combination was also effective in reducing lipid peroxidation (MDA), consistent with an increase in total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, indicating the suppression of liver oxidative stress. Furthermore, liver inflammation was ameliorated by GA and SY combination through inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and toll-like receptor 4(TLR-4) over expression in the liver. Moreover, the up-regulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression by GA and SY combination enhanced the regeneration of liver tissue after CCl4 -administration. The expression of Collagen1, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFβ1), was obviously ameliorated by GA and SY combination, suggesting the amelioration of profibrotic response of the liver. Taken together, our current study suggests that GA and SY combination exhibit a significant hepatoprotective activity, which more efficient than GA or SY alone. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Chronic liver diseases are the serious health problems, which increase the morbidity and mortality in the world today. Selenium-enriched yeast (SY) and Gum Arabic (GA) combination might be potential dietary agents could obviously ameliorate chronic liver damage, higher than GA and SY alone. They act to suppress the inflammation and inhibit the profibrotic response as well as support the liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hamid
- Coll. of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China.,Inst. of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing 210095, China.,Coll. of Veterinary Sciences, Univ. of Nyala, Sudan
| | - Yassin Abdulrahim
- Coll. of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China.,Inst. of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing 210095, China.,Coll. of Veterinary Sciences, Univ. of Nyala, Sudan
| | - Dandan Liu
- Coll. of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China.,Inst. of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Gang Qian
- Coll. of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China.,Inst. of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Alamzeb Khan
- Coll. of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China.,Inst. of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- Coll. of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China.,Inst. of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowl, Nanjing Agricultural Univ., Nanjing 210095, China
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Schink A, Naumoska K, Kitanovski Z, Kampf CJ, Fröhlich-Nowoisky J, Thines E, Pöschl U, Schuppan D, Lucas K. Anti-inflammatory effects of cinnamon extract and identification of active compounds influencing the TLR2 and TLR4 signaling pathways. Food Funct 2018; 9:5950-5964. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01286e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamon extract and its active compounds attenuate TLR2-/TLR4-mediated inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Schink
- Multiphase Chemistry Department
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Katerina Naumoska
- Multiphase Chemistry Department
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
- Department of Food Chemistry
| | - Zoran Kitanovski
- Multiphase Chemistry Department
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Christopher Johannes Kampf
- Multiphase Chemistry Department
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
| | | | - Eckhard Thines
- Institut für Biotechnologie und Wirkstoff Forschung gGmbH
- Kaiserslautern
- Germany
- Institute of Molecular Physiology
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
| | - Ulrich Pöschl
- Multiphase Chemistry Department
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University
- 55131 Mainz
- Germany
- Division of Gastroenterology
| | - Kurt Lucas
- Multiphase Chemistry Department
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
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Yang C, Li L, Ma Z, Zhong Y, Pang W, Xiong M, Fang S, Li Y. Hepatoprotective effect of methyl ferulic acid against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in rats. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:2228-2238. [PMID: 29467841 PMCID: PMC5792767 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of methyl ferulic acid (MFA) against oxidative stress and apoptosis in acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Sprague Dawley rats were treated with CCl4 after oral administration of MFA (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) or dimethyl diphenyl bicarboxylate (200 mg/kg) for 7 days. The hepatoprotective effects of MFA were determined by analyzing serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities as well as changes of oxidant parameters. Histopathological analysis was performed to determine the degree of hepatic injury. The mechanisms were investigated by detecting the levels of NADPH oxidase (NOX) trans-membrane subunit NOX4, its ligand p22phox, as well as caspase3, cleaved caspase3, B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC), phosphorylated J-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and p-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) using semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis and colorimetric assays. MFA treatment significantly decreased serum enzymatic activities of ALT and AST. MFA markedly increased activities of liver superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, and reduced the malondialdehyde concentration. Histopathological examination demonstrated that MFA reduced lipid degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in the liversof CCl4-treated rats. MFA treatment markedly inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β. Mechanistic study revealed that MFA decreased the TAC and the levels of ROS and TBARS. Furthermore, MFA treatment led to a reduction of the mRNA and protein expression of NOX4 and p22phox, as well as the protein levels of caspase3, cleaved caspase-3 and Bax, and an upregulation of p-JNK, p-p38 MAPK and Bcl-2 proteins in the liver. The present study demonstrated that MFA has hepatoprotective effects against CCl4-induced acute liver damage. MFA has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities and was able to modulate the NOX4/p22phox/ROS-JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Zuheng Ma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yujuan Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Wenxiao Pang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Meili Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Shuping Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
| | - Yongwen Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
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Ning Z, Shuangnan Z, Xiaohe X, Zhen W, Yunfeng B, Tingting H, Chao Z, Yao W, Zhou K, Zhongxia W, Bing L, Prokop LJ, Hernandez MC, Jun L, Man G. Rhubarb-based Chinese herbal formulae for hepatic encephalopathy: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(18)30035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Qi B, Zhang S, Guo D, Guo S, Jiang X, Zhu X. Protective effect and mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 on carbon tetrachloride‑induced acute liver injury. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:2814-2822. [PMID: 28677756 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver injury is a common pathological state in various types of liver disease; severe or persistent liver damage is the basis of hepatic failure. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), one of the primary active ingredients of ginseng, has been reported to reduce concanalin A‑induced hepatitis and protect against lipopolysaccharide‑ and galactosamine‑induced liver injury. However, the underlying protective mechanism of Rg1 in acute liver injury remains unclear. In the present study, a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‑induced acute liver injury model was established, and the protective effect of Rg1 on CCl4‑induced acute liver injury was demonstrated in cell culture and animal experimental systems. Further investigation of the mechanisms demonstrated that pretreatment with Rg1 reduced elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, enhanced the antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Experiments in vitro demonstrated that Rg1 decreased p65 expression and inhibited nuclear factor (NF)‑κB activity. In addition to the effect of Rg1, an NF‑κB inhibitor promoted cell survival, enhanced SOD activity and reduced MDA level. It was observed through in vivo experiments that pretreatment with Rg1 inhibited NF‑κB expression and activity in Kupffer cells and reduced the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor‑α and interleukin‑6. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that pretreatment with Rg1 may rescue CCl4‑induced acute liver injury in vivo and in vitro through inhibition of NF‑κB activity, to restore the anti‑oxidative defense system and down‑regulate pro‑inflammatory signaling pathways. The present observations provide a theoretical foundation for the clinical application of Rg1 therapy in acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benquan Qi
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Suzhi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Daohua Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Sanxing Guo
- Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, D‑68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiaodong Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Xiling Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
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81
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Khan A, Pan JH, Cho S, Lee S, Kim YJ, Park YH. Investigation of the Hepatoprotective Effect of Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc Extract in a Mouse Model of Alcoholic Liver Injury Through High-Resolution Metabolomics. J Med Food 2017. [PMID: 28650205 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.3874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the changes in the metabolomics profile of liver damage caused by alcohol consumption and verify the beneficial effect of Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc extract (PME) in protection of alcohol-induced injury by attenuating the level of identified metabolites. Mice were treated with PME and saline or untreated once daily for 5 days, followed by alcohol injection. The plasma samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based high-resolution metabolomics followed by a multivariate statistical analysis using MetaboAnalyst 3.0 to obtain significantly expressed metabolites, using a false discovery rate threshold of q = 0.05. Metabolites were annotated using Metlin database and mapped through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Among 4999 total features, 101 features were significant among alcohol- and PME-treated mice groups. All the samples cluster showed a clear separation in the heat map, and the scores plot of orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model discriminated the three groups. Phosphatidylcholine, Saikosaponin BK1, Ganoderiol I, and N-2-[4-(3,3-dimethylallyloxy) phenyl] ethylcinnamide were among the significant compounds with a low intensity in alcohol group compared to PME group, suggesting that these compounds have a relation in the development of PME's protective effect. The study confirms the hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of PME against alcohol-induced liver steatosis, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Khan
- 1 Metabolomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Korea University , Sejong, Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Pan
- 2 Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong, Korea
| | - Seongha Cho
- 1 Metabolomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Korea University , Sejong, Korea
| | - Sojung Lee
- 2 Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong, Korea
| | - Young Jun Kim
- 2 Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University , Sejong, Korea
| | - Youngja H Park
- 1 Metabolomics Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Korea University , Sejong, Korea
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Ye P, Yang XL, Chen X, Shi C. Hyperoside attenuates OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation by activating Nrf2. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 44:168-173. [PMID: 28107754 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Allergic airways disease (AAD) is one of the most common medical illnesses that is associated with an increased allergic airway inflammation. Hyperoside, an active compound isolated from Rhododendron brachycarpum G. Don, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of this study was to analyze the protective effect of hyperoside on OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation in mice. In the present study, the mouse asthma model was induced by given OVA and hyperoside was administrated 1h before OVA challenge. The levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IgE were detected by ELISA. H&E staining was used to assess lung histopathological changes. The expression of NF-κB p65, IκB, HO-1, and Nf-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) were measured by western blot analysis. The results showed that hyperoside significantly reduced the inflammatory cells infiltration and the levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IgE. Hyperoside significantly inhibited OVA-induced oxidative stress as demonstrated by decreased MDA, and increased GSH and SOD levels. Treatment of hyperoside also inhibited OVA-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Furthermore, the results showed that treatment of hyperoside significantly inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation. In addition, hyperoside was found to activate Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. In conclusion, these results suggest that hyperoside ameliorates OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Xi-Liang Yang
- Pharmacy department of medical college, Wuhan University of Science and technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Cai Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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83
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Xu L, Zhang F, Xu C, Liu KG, Wu W, Tian YX. Is the Prophylactic Use of Hepatoprotectants Necessary in Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment? Chemotherapy 2017; 62:269-278. [PMID: 28490012 DOI: 10.1159/000465515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver injury is one of the serious side effects of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs. It is controversial whether hepatoprotectant prophylaxis is efficient and safe in anti-TB treatment, so we aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of hepatoprotectant prophylaxis in patients who had received anti-TB treatment. METHODS PubMed, the Cochrane library, Embase, Ovid, Springer link, Wiley, Elsevier, Web of Science, and the Karger Online Journal were systematically searched prior to April 2016 for articles related to hepatoprotectant prophylaxis in the treatment of TB. A meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the effect of hepatoprotective agents on liver function and adverse events (AEs) in patients who had received anti-TB drugs. The primary outcomes were changes in alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels. The other outcomes were drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and AEs. RESULTS In our review, 6 trials that involved 1,227 patients were included. Our analysis indicated that hepatoprotective agents exerted protective effects on liver function in patients who had received anti-TB drugs (weighted mean difference, WMD = -7.81, 95% CI [-12.26, -3.37], p = 0.0006 [ALT]; WMD = -7.07, 95% CI [-11.43, -2.72], p = 0.001 [AST]) in any age group. However, in the subgroup analysis of treatment duration, the use of hepatoprotective agents was not associated with significant changes in ALT and AST levels after 2 weeks of treatment and exhibited a positive effect on liver function after 4 weeks of treatment. Moreover, the use of hepatoprotectants significantly decreased the number of DILI cases (risk ratio, RR 0.50, 95% CI [0.34-0.73], p = 0.0004). However, the use of hepatoprotectants led to similar AEs in the control groups (RR 1.07, 95% CI [0.82-1.39], p = 0.62). CONCLUSIONS The use of hepatoprotective drugs may prevent liver injury in patients who are receiving anti-TB drugs without any significant AEs 4 weeks after the initiation of hepatoprotective medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
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Freitas AL, Santos CA, Souza CA, Nunes MA, Antoniolli ÂR, da Silva WB, da Silva FA. The use of medicinal plants in venous ulcers: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2017; 14:1019-1024. [PMID: 28488305 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to systematically review the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of varicose ulcers. The databases used in the search were: Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, Cinhal, Lilacs and Web of Science. The selection process was divided into two phases: the reading of titles and abstracts and the full reading of selected articles. The item description was compared with the checklist of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials. The initial search produced 3505 articles and seven were selected for inclusion in the systematic review. Of the included studies, 7 (100%) evaluated the reduction of the ulcer area, 4 (57·14%) evaluated reepithelisation, 2 (28·57%) evaluated bacterial flora and 1 (14·28%) evaluated the oxygen pressure and percutaneous carbon dioxide. The level of evidence rating indicated that five studies (71·42%) were rated at level 2 and two (28·57%) were rated at level 3. The quality assessment was performed using the Jadad scale, which is prevalent in the literature. The quality score of the Jadad questionnaire ranges from 0 to 5; here, the studies analysed had an average of 2·5. A meta-analysis was performed on two studies that analysed the effects of Mimosa tenuiflora hydrogel in the treatment of venous ulcer and included 42 patients with a mean age of 60·5 years and a mean duration of treatment of 10·5 weeks. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 ; we obtained a high value of 84%. We concluded that, despite the efficacy of the incorporation of Ageratina pichinchensis into the gel, the hydrogel that incorporated M. tenuiflora appeared to be a promising candidate for the management of venous ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson L Freitas
- Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Carla A Santos
- Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Carlos As Souza
- Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Marco Ap Nunes
- Departament of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Ângelo R Antoniolli
- Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
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Chassagne F, Deharo E, Punley H, Bourdy G. Treatment and management of liver diseases by Khmer traditional healers practicing in Phnom Penh area, Cambodia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 202:38-53. [PMID: 28284791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liver disorders are a major health problem in Cambodia, where some patients prefer to seek treatment from traditional healers. The aim of the study was to document the knowledge and practices of these healers in four Southern Cambodian provinces. MATERIALS AND METHODS An ethnopharmacological survey was carried out from September 2015 to January 2016 in Cambodian urban and rural areas. Thirty-three Khmer traditional healers (KTH) were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire including socio-demographic data, healer's formation and their professional practice conditions, perception of liver diseases (types and causes of liver disorders, diagnostic methods and symptoms of liver problems), dietary recommendations given to patients, and herbal remedies used to treat them. For each medicinal plant mentioned in herbal remedies, the local name, part of the plant, mode of preparation and administration, and their properties, according to the healers, were recorded. The plants mentioned by the traditional therapists were collected and later identified by specialists. RESULTS Different types of liver disease are identified by the healers, and diagnosis was mostly based on reading medical records, and by observing the yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes. A total of 42 herbal remedies including 83 medicinal plants belonging to 40 families were mentioned for treating liver disorders. The most predominant families were Leguminosae and Poaceae. Among the plants reported, Cananga latifolia, Andrographis paniculata, Smilax aff. glabra, Gomphrena celosioides, Passiflora foetida and Physalis minima were the most cited species. A large part of the herbal remedies used were multi-ingredient recipes, and were prepared mainly by a decoction administered orally. Plants are combined in multi-ingredient recipes, and selected on the basis of their properties (trocheak, psah, somrap mé rok, ktchol) which originate from Khmer medical concepts. Most of the plants used by healers have a wide ethnobotanical use for liver disorders, and have been studied for their hepatoprotective activity and related activities on the liver. CONCLUSION In the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases, KTH have incorporated biomedical concepts and new practices, which suggest that they could be defined as neotraditional healers. Medicinal plants constitute the core of traditional medicine practice by these healers, and these plants play a very important role in the health care of people with liver problems in Cambodia. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the integration of healers in national health care programs for the development of combined therapies. Furthermore, two plant species (i.e. Cananga latifolia and Willughbeia edulis) were found to be widely used for treating liver disorders in our survey, and should be studied for their pharmacological potential for liver problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Deharo
- UMR 152 Pharmadev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France.
| | - Hieng Punley
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
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Yang Y, Wang S, Bao YR, Li TJ, Yang GL, Chang X, Meng XS. Anti-ulcer effect and potential mechanism of licoflavone by regulating inflammation mediators and amino acid metabolism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 199:175-182. [PMID: 28159726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Glycyrrhiza is the dry root and rhizome of the leguminous plant, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. or Glycyrrhiza glabra L., which was firstly cited in Shennong's Herbal Classic in Han dynasty and was officially listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, has been widely used in China during the past millennia. Licoflavone is the major component of Glycyrrhiza with anti-ulcer activity. The present study is based on clarifying the anti-ulcer effect of licoflavone, aiming at elucidating the possible molecule mechanisms of its action for treating gastric ulcer rats induced by acetic acid. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were divided into 7 groups, and drugs were administered from on the day after the onset of gastric ulcer (day 3) until day 11 of the experiment once daily continuously. The plasma were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-TOF-MS), significant different metabolites were investigated to explain its therapeutic mechanism. Furthermore, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was performed to detect the expression of RNA in stomach tissue for verifying the above results. RESULTS Licoflavone can effectively cure the gastric ulcer, particularly the middle dose group. According to the statistical analysis of the plasma different metabolites from each groups and the expression of genes in tissues, sixteen significant different metabolites, including histamine, tryptophan, arachidonic acid, phingosine-1-phosphate etc., contributing to the treatment of gastric ulcer were discovered and identified. In RT-PCR analysis, the results of the expression of RNA were corresponded with what we discovered. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated licoflavone plays the role of treating gastric ulcer by regulating inflammation mediators and amino acid metabolism. We demonstrated that metabolomics technology combined with gene technology is a useful tool to search different metabolites and to dissect the potential mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in treating gastric ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China.
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China; Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116600, China; Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian 116600, China; Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Agilent Technologies Modern TCM and Multi-omics Research Collaboration Lab, Dalian, PR China.
| | - Yong-Rui Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China; Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116600, China; Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian 116600, China; Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Agilent Technologies Modern TCM and Multi-omics Research Collaboration Lab, Dalian, PR China.
| | - Tian-Jiao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China; Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116600, China; Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian 116600, China; Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Agilent Technologies Modern TCM and Multi-omics Research Collaboration Lab, Dalian, PR China.
| | - Guan-Lin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China.
| | - Xin Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China.
| | - Xian-Sheng Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China; Component Medicine Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116600, China; Liaoning Province Modern Chinese Medicine Research Engineering Laboratory, Dalian 116600, China; Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Agilent Technologies Modern TCM and Multi-omics Research Collaboration Lab, Dalian, PR China.
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Zheng L, Zhang YL, Dai YC, Chen X, Chen DL, Dai YT, Tang ZP. Jianpi Qingchang decoction alleviates ulcerative colitis by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB activation. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:1180-1188. [PMID: 28275298 PMCID: PMC5323443 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i7.1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the therapeutic effect of Jianpi Qingchang decoction (JPQCD) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice.
METHODS C57BL/c mice were injected intragastrically with 5% DSS instead of drinking water for 7 d, and their body weight, diarrhea severity and fecal bleeding were monitored, while the mice in the control group were treated with standard drinking water, without DSS. After 7 d, the DSS drinking water was changed to normal water and the DSS group continued with DSS water. The control and DSS groups were given normal saline by intragastric injection. The 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) group was treated orally with 5-ASA at a dose of 100 mg/kg daily. The JPQCD group was treated orally with JPQCD at a dose of 17.1 g/kg daily. On day 14, the colon length was measured, the colorectal histopathological damage score was assessed, and protein levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in colon supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of NF-κB and inhibitor of kappa B.
RESULTS Acute inflammation occurred in the mice administered DSS, including the symptoms of losing body weight, loose feces/watery diarrhea and presence of fecal blood; all these symptoms worsened at 7 d. The colons of mice treated with DSS were assessed by histological examination, and the results confirmed that acute inflammation had occurred, as evidenced by loss of colonic mucosa and chronic inflammatory cell infiltration, and these features extended into the deeper layer of the colon walls. The expression levels of IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α in the DSS group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α in the JPQCD and 5-ASA groups were lower than those in the DSS group after treating with JPQCD and 5-ASA. Comparing with the DSS group, the mRNA level of IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α and NF-κB was significantly reduced by 5-ASA and JPQCD. The difference between JPQCD and 5-ASA groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Comparing with the DSS group, due to using JPQCD and 5-ASA, significant suppression of activation in DSS-induced NF-κB and increased phosphorylation of IκB in mice with experimental colitis occurred (P < 0.05). The difference between the JPQCD group and the 5-ASA group was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION Activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway is inhibited by JPQCD, which shows the potential mechanism by which JPQCD treats UC.
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Okolo KO, Siminialayi IM, Orisakwe OE. Carbon tetrachloride induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats: possible protective effects of wild Pleurotus tuber-regium. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-016-0040-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Makoge V, Maat H, Vaandrager L, Koelen M. Health-Seeking Behaviour towards Poverty-Related Disease (PRDs): A Qualitative Study of People Living in Camps and on Campuses in Cameroon. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005218. [PMID: 28052068 PMCID: PMC5214973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Poverty-Related Diseases (PRDs) emphasize poverty as a ‘breeding-ground’ for a range of diseases. The study presented here starts from the premise that poverty is a general condition that can limit people’s capacity to prevent, mitigate or treat diseases. Using an interpretation of health seeking behaviour (HSB), inspired by the salutogenic approach, we investigated how people deal with PRDs, their ability and strategies put in place to cope. We collected HSB data from two groups of respondents in Cameroon: labourers of the Cameroon Development Corporation (CDC) living in settlements called camps and students of the state universities of Buea and Yaoundé living in settlements we refer to as campuses. By selecting these groups, the study offers a unique view of how different people cope with similar health challenges. We carried out semi-structured interviews with 21 camp dwellers and 21 students in a cross-sectional study. Our findings revealed 1) respondents use multiple resources to cope with PRDs. 2) Respondents’ perceptions of diseases and connection with poverty closely ties to general hygienic conditions of their living environment. 3) Utilisation of health facilities is not strongly dependent on financial resources. 4) Volatile health facilities are a major challenge and reason for people to revert to other health resources. The study brings out the need for organisations (governmental and non-governmental) to strengthen people’s capacities to cope with health situations through better health and housing policies geared at incorporating practices currently used by the people and supporting pro-hygienic initiatives. People’s living conditions are a crucial factor for health and diseases. In developing countries like Cameroon, poverty is a major condition affecting the way people deal with health issues. We studied people’s a health-seeking behaviour action in two settings: camps, housing labourers of the Cameroon Development Cooperation, and campuses, places where students of the state universities of Buea and Yaoundé reside. We interviewed 21 camp dwellers and 21 students about their health challenges and responses. The results show health challenges not only relate to exposure to diseases but also to the reliability, affordability and functionality of medical services, the hygienic conditions in the living environment and money. For treatment of common diseases, foremost malaria and typhoid, the last resort was going to a clinic or hospital. More prominent responses were cleaning and other hygienic measures, self-medication using available tablets, herbs or other traditional medicine, consultation at small pharmacies or unofficial ‘doctors’. Public health services should anticipate people’s health behaviour to better address the health challenges of people living in poor conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Makoge
- Health and Society (HSO) group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant studies (IMPM), Yaoundé, Cameroon
- * E-mail:
| | - Harro Maat
- Knowledge Technology and Innovation (KTI) group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lenneke Vaandrager
- Health and Society (HSO) group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Koelen
- Health and Society (HSO) group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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90
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Tlili N, Feriani A, Saadoui E, Nasri N, Khaldi A. Capparis spinosa leaves extract: Source of bioantioxidants with nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 87:171-179. [PMID: 28056421 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Capparis spinosa, Capparidaceae, is largely distributed all over the Mediterranean Basin and is traditionally used to treat many illnesses, such as liver and kidney diseases. The aim of the current study was to explore the antioxidant, nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects of methanolic extract of Capparis spinosa leaves (MECS) associated with its phytochemical content. The levels of total phenolics, flavonoids and condensed tannins were 23.37mgGAE/g, 9.05mgQE/g and 9.35mgTAE/g, respectively. HPLC analysis revealed nine compounds, namely rutin, resveratrol, coumarin, epicatechin, luteolin, catechin, kaempferol, vanillic acid and gallic acid. The MECS showed interesting antioxidant capacity. The MECS-treatment significantly reduced the increased plasma levels of creatinine, urea and uric acid, reduced the elevated MDA levels, significantly reduced the antioxidant enzyme activities and restored the kidney damage, provoked by cisplatin-treatment. Furthermore, MECS-treatment significantly prevented the increase in serum ALT, AST and LDH levels in acute liver damage induced by CCl4, decreased the amount of hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) formation and elevated the activities of SOD, CAT and GPx, and restored liver injury. This study supports the traditionally use of C. spinosa to cure kidney and liver diseases. The obtained results highlighted the possible use of C. spinosa as a source of phytochemical with important biological advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nizar Tlili
- Laboratoire de biochimie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El-Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisie; Institut National de Recherches en Génie Rural, Eaux et Forêts, Université de Carthage, BP 10, Ariana 2080, Tunisie.
| | - Anouar Feriani
- Unité de Biochimie Macromoléculaire et Génétique, Faculté des Sciences de Gafsa, cité Zarroug, Université de Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisie; Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ezzeddine Saadoui
- Institut National de Recherches en Génie Rural, Eaux et Forêts, Université de Carthage, BP 10, Ariana 2080, Tunisie
| | - Nizar Nasri
- Laboratoire de biochimie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El-Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Abdelhamid Khaldi
- Institut National de Recherches en Génie Rural, Eaux et Forêts, Université de Carthage, BP 10, Ariana 2080, Tunisie
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91
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Amalraj A, Gopi S. Medicinal properties of Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn.: A review. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 7:65-78. [PMID: 28053890 PMCID: PMC5198828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been a main source of therapeutic agents from ancient time to cure diseases. Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. (T. arjuna) is one of the most accepted and beneficial medicinal plants in indigenous system of medicine for the treatment of various critical diseases. This comprehensive review provides various aspects of its ethnomedical, phytochemical, pharmacognostical, pharmacological and clinical significance to different diseases particularly in cardiovascular conditions. This plant has a good safety outline when used in combination with other conventional drugs. This review highlights various medicinal properties of T. arjuna through different studies such as antioxidant, hypotensive, anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-mutagenic and gastro-productive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sreeraj Gopi
- R&D Centre, Aurea Biolabs Pvt Ltd, Kolenchery, Cochin, India
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Sarhadynejad Z, Sharififar F, Pardakhty A, Nematollahi MH, Sattaie-Mokhtari S, Mandegary A. Pharmacological safety evaluation of a traditional herbal medicine "Zereshk-e-Saghir" and assessment of its hepatoprotective effects on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic damage in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 190:387-395. [PMID: 27426508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE "Zereshk-e-Saghir" (ZES), one of the traditional herbal medicines in old manuscripts of Persian hakims, has been used for the treatment of liver disorders. This current study is aimed to evaluate ZES effects on animal model to investigate its safety and hepatoprotective activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS ZES was prepared according to a traditional method by blending aqueous extracts of Berberis vulgaris L., with fine particles of other plants including Rosa damascene Mill, Cichorium intybus L., Cucumis sativus L., Portulaca oleracea L., Rheum palmatum L., and Nardostachys jatamansi DC.. The lethality of ZES was determined in male NMRI mice. Acute organ toxicity of ZES (750 and 1500mg/kg for 15 days, orally) was evaluated by measuring the cell blood count, liver marker enzymes, creatinine, antioxidant status and histopathological examinations in rats. CCl4-induced liver toxicity was used to examine the hepatoprotective effects of the preparation. The rats were pretreated with 250, 500, 750 and 1500mg/kg ZES by gavage for 15 days. At day 16, the rats were intraperitoneally injected 1ml/kg CCl4 in olive oil. Forty-eight hours after CCl4 injection, the animals were sacrificed and their liver samples and blood were collected for determination of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase (ALT, AST, and ALP), histopathological examinations and antioxidant status. RESULTS Treatment of the mice with a single dose of ZES up to 2g/kg did not cause mortality. Treatment of the rats with doses of 750 and 1500mg/kg for 15 days showed no significant hematotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. Treatment of the rats with ZES reduced the increased serum levels of ALT, AST, and ALP induced by CCl4 at the doses of 250, 500, and 750mg/kg. This was almost confirmed by histopathological examinations. Pretreatment with ZES also decreased lipid peroxidation and maintained the levels of glutathione and total antioxidant capacity. CONCLUSIONS The present in vivo study revealed that the long term usage of ZES was safe for organs in laboratory animals. Meanwhile, prescribing the traditionally-recommended dose of ZES can be probably used against the liver injuries induced by xenobiotics. Further studies in other models of liver injuries are recommended for finding the exact hepatoprotective mechanism of ZES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarrin Sarhadynejad
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Haft-Bagh Blvd., P.O. Box 7616911319, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Fariba Sharififar
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Haft-Bagh Blvd., P.O. Box 7616911319, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Abbas Pardakhty
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutics Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, School of Pharmacy, Haft-Bagh Blvd., P.O. Box 7616911319, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mohammad-Hadi Nematollahi
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in Iran, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 7616914111, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Saeedeh Sattaie-Mokhtari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 7616911319, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Ali Mandegary
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 7616911319, Kerman, Iran; Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Afzalipour"s Hospital, Imam Highway, P.O. Box 7616913911, Kerman, Iran.
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Lee SB, Kim HG, Kim HS, Lee JS, Im HJ, Kim WY, Son CG. Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Amomum xanthioides Exerts Antihepatofibrotic Actions via the Regulation of Fibrogenic Cytokines in a Dimethylnitrosamine-Induced Rat Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2016; 2016:6014380. [PMID: 27594891 PMCID: PMC4995331 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6014380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Amomum xanthioides has been traditionally used to treat diverse digestive system disorders in the Asian countries. We investigated antihepatofibrotic effects of ethyl acetate fraction of Amomum xanthioides (EFAX). Liver fibrosis is induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) injection (intraperitoneally, 10 mg/kg of DMN for 4 weeks to Sprague-Dawley rats). EFAX (25 or 50 mg/kg), silymarin (50 mg/kg), or distilled water was orally administered every day. The DMN injection drastically altered body and organ mass, serum biochemistry, and platelet count, while EFAX treatment significantly attenuated this alteration. Severe liver fibrosis is determined by trichrome staining and measurement of hydroxyproline contents. EFAX treatment significantly attenuated these symptoms as well as the increase in oxidative by-products of lipid and protein metabolism in liver tissues. DMN induced a dramatic activation of hepatic stellate cells and increases in the levels of protein and gene expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), platelet derived growth factor-beta (PDGF-β), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Immunohistochemical analyses revealed increases in the levels of protein and gene expression of α-smooth muscle actin. These alterations were significantly normalized by EFAX treatment. Our findings demonstrate the potent antihepatofibrotic properties of EFAX via modulation of fibrogenic cytokines, especially TGF-β in the liver fibrosis rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Bae Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Geug Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Seon Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi-Jin Im
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Yong Kim
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Oriental Medical College of Daejeon University, 176-9 Daeheung-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-724, Republic of Korea
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Njayou FN, Kouam AF, Simo BFN, Tchana AN, Moundipa PF. Active chemical fractions of stem bark extract of Khaya grandifoliola C.DC and Entada africana Guill. et Perr. synergistically protect primary rat hepatocytes against paracetamol-induced damage. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:190. [PMID: 27389400 PMCID: PMC4936298 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1169-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Khaya grandifoliola (Meliaceae) and Entada africana (Fabaceae) are traditionally used in Bamun (a western tribe of Cameroon) traditional medicine for the treatment of liver related diseases. In this study, the synergistic hepatoprotective effect of respective active fractions of the plants were investigated against paracetamol-induced toxicity in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Methods Paracetamol conferred hepatocyte toxicity, as determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) content assays. The crude extracts were fractionated by flash chromatography and fractions were tested for hepato-(protective and curative) activities. The most active fractions of both plants were tested individually, and in combination based on their respective half effective concentration (EC50). Results The methylene chloride/methanol fractions of K. grandifoliola (75:25 v/v) (KgF25) and E. africana (90:10 v/v) (EaF10) were found to be the most hepato-protective with EC50 values of 10.30 ± 1.66 μg/ml and 13.47 ± 2.06 μg/ml respectively, comparable with that of silymarin (13.71 ± 3.87 μg/ml). These fractions and their combination significantly (P <0.05) improved cell viability, inhibited ALT leakage and MDA formation, and restored cellular CAT, SOD activities and GSH content. The combination was more effective in restoring biochemical parameters with coefficients of drugs interaction (CDI) less than 1. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that the active fractions have synergistic action in the protection of rat hepatocytes against paracetamol-induced damage and suggest that their hepatoprotective properties may be maximized by using them in combination.
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Physiological changes due to hepatotoxicity and the protective role of some medicinal plants. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Hepatoprotective standardized EtOH-water extract from the seeds of Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance. J Tradit Complement Med 2016; 7:158-164. [PMID: 28417085 PMCID: PMC5388085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance (Oleaceae), its stem barks are known as Cortex fraxini (秦皮 qín pí) listed in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Phytochemical study has indicated that methanol extracts from Qinpi has protective effect on acute liver injury. The present study investigates the hepatoprotective activity of EtOH–water extract from the seeds of F. rhynchophylla Hance against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice. The EtOH–water extract significantly alleviated liver damage as indicated by the decreased levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and reduced the pathological tissue injury induced by CCl4. Quantitative analysis of seven major constituents (1–7) in EtOH–water extract (EWE) was developed by high performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD). The current research indicates that the EWE from the seeds of F. rhynchophylla Hance decreased liver index, inhibited the increase of serum aminotransferase induced by CCl4, and decreased hepatic MDA content, SOD and GSH-Px activities. These results suggested that the pretreatment with EWE protected mice against CCl4-induced liver injuries. Based on the results, the EtOH–water extract from the seeds of F. rhynchophylla Hance is efficacious for prevention and treatment of CCl4-induced hepatic injury in mice. Secoiridoid and tyrosol glucosides might be the active ingredients responsible for the biological and pharmacological activities of hepatoprotection.
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97
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Singh DP, Awasthi H, Luqman S, Singh S, Mani D. Hepatoprotective Effect of A Polyherbal Extract Containing Andrographis Paniculata, Tinospora Cordifolia and Solanum Nigrum Against Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 11:S375-9. [PMID: 26929570 PMCID: PMC4745206 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.168945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Traditionally, a number of medicinal plants are used to treat various types of hepatic disorders but few of them were pharmacologically evaluated for their safety and efficacy. The combination of Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegha), Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi), and Solanum nigrum (Kakmachi) was traditionally used in Indian System of Medicine (Ayurveda) for the treatment of various liver-related disorders. Objective: In the present study, an attempt was made to substantiate the ethnopharmacological use of a traditional formulation in hepatoprotection against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. Subjects and Methods: Swiss albino mice (weight 20–25 g) were used for this study. Intraperitoneal injection of paracetamol (500 mg/kg body weight) was used to induce hepatotoxicity. Serum levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, were used as indices of liver injury. In addition total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and creatinine were also assayed using the standard procedure. Results: Among the two different doses, pretreatment with Polyherbal extract at 500 mg/kg body weight exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) hepatoprotective activity as compared to paracetamol group. Conclusion: The polyherbal extract exhibits a significant hepatoprotective effect in vivo. The study contributes to its use in traditional Ayurveda system for the management of liver diseases. SUMMARY Traditionally, a number of medicinal plants are used to treat various types of liver disorders but few of them were pharmacologically evaluated for their safety and efficacy. Combination of Andrographis paniculata (Kalmegha), Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi), and Solanum nigrum (Kakmachi) was traditionally used in Ayurveda for the treatment of various liver related disorders. In the present study an attempt was made to validate the ethnopharmacological use of a traditional formulation in hepatoprotection against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity. Swiss albino mice (weight 20-25 g) were used for this study. Intraperitoneal injection (IP) of paracetamol (500 mg/kg body weight) was used to induce hepatotoxicity. Serum levels of Alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Bilirubin, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP),. were used as indices of liver injury. In addition total cholesterol, triglyceride, Low density lipoprotein (LDL), High density lipoprotein (HDL) and creatinine were also assayed using standard procedure. Among the two different doses, pre-treatment with Polyherbal extract at 500 mg/kg body weight exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) hepatoprotective activity as compared to paracetamol group. The polyherbal extract exhibits significant hepatoprotective effect in vivo. The study contributes to its use in traditional Ayurveda system for the management of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewasya Pratap Singh
- Department of Herbal Medicinal Products, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow - 226 015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harshika Awasthi
- Department of Herbal Medicinal Products, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow - 226 015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow - 226 015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow - 226 015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saudan Singh
- Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow - 226 015, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dayanandan Mani
- Department of Herbal Medicinal Products, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow - 226 015, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow - 226 015, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zeng QP, Liu ZH, Huang AW, Zhang J, Song HT. Preparation and characterization of silymarin synchronized-release microporous osmotic pump tablets. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:519-31. [PMID: 26889080 PMCID: PMC4743634 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s91571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacological activity of herbal medicine is an overall action of each component in accordance with their original proportion. An efficient, sustained, and controlled-release drug delivery system of herbal medicine should ensure the synchronized drug release of each active component during the entire release procedure. In this study, silymarin (SM), a poorly soluble herbal medicine, was selected as a model drug to develop a synchronized-release drug delivery system: an SM microporous osmotic pump (MPOP) tablet. The SM was conjugated with phospholipid (SM phytosome complex, SM-PC) to improve the solubility, and the difference in the apparent octanol-water partition coefficient between the two components was significantly reduced. The dissolution rate of SM-PC was significantly higher than SM active pharmaceutical ingredients and was the same as that of the commercial SM capsule. The SM-PC was used to generate the MPOP tablet. SM was mixed with poly(ethylene) oxide and sodium chloride (an osmotic agent) to form the MPOP core, followed by coating with cellulose acetate and poly(ethylene) oxide to generate the SM MPOP. The results demonstrated that SM MPOP could synchronically and sustainably release the five active components within 12 hours (the similar coefficient f 2 between two components was >65), and the average cumulative release rate was 85%. Fitting of the drug-release curve showed a zero-order release profile for SM MPOP. Our study showed that the phytosome complex technique combined with the MPOP system will achieve synchronized release of the various active components of herbal medicine and have potential applications in developing sustained release preparations in herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-ping Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command PLA, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-hong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command PLA, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai-wen Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command PLA, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command PLA, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-tao Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command PLA, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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Hepatoprotective effects of zingerone on carbon tetrachloride- and dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver injuries in rats. Arch Pharm Res 2015; 39:279-291. [PMID: 26667466 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0696-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective and anti-fibrotic effects of zingerone, one of the active components of ginger, against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)- and dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced liver injuries in rats, respectively. Oral administration of zingerone (10 mg/kg) reduced CCl4-induced abnormalities in liver histology, serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, and liver malondialdehyde levels. Zingerone treatment attenuated CCl4-induced increases in inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA levels. Western blot analysis showed that zingerone suppressed activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Liver fibrosis induced by DMN (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) was ameliorated by administration of zingerone (10 and 20 mg/kg, orally). Zingerone treatment reduced DMN-induced elevation of hydroxyproline content and hepatic stellate cell activation. In conclusion, zingerone showed antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in CCl4-intoxicated rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and NF-κB activation via blockade of the activation of upstream MAPKs. Moreover, zingerone had hepatoprotective and anti-fibrotic effects against DMN-induced liver injury suggesting its usefulness in the prevention of liver inflammation and the development of hepatic fibrosis.
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Stickel F, Hellerbrand C. Herbs to treat liver diseases: More than placebo? Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken) 2015; 6:136-138. [PMID: 31041010 PMCID: PMC6490665 DOI: 10.1002/cld.515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Stickel
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital of ZürichBerneSwitzerland
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Department of Internal Medicine 1University Hospital RegensburgRegensburgGermany
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