51
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Byun WS, Kim WK, Yoon JS, Jarhad DB, Jeong LS, Lee SK. Antiproliferative and Antimigration Activities of Fluoro-Neplanocin A via Inhibition of Histone H3 Methylation in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040530. [PMID: 32244385 PMCID: PMC7226301 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is among the most aggressive and potentially metastatic malignancies. Most affected patients have poor clinical outcomes due to the lack of specific molecular targets on tumor cells. The upregulated expression of disruptor of telomeric silencing 1-like (DOT1L), a histone methyltransferase specific for the histone H3 lysine 79 residue (H3K79), is strongly correlated with TNBC cell aggressiveness. Therefore, DOT1L is considered a potential molecular target in TNBC. Fluoro-neplanocin A (F-NepA), an inhibitor of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against various types of cancer cells, including breast cancers. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the anticancer activity of F-NepA in TNBC cells remains to be elucidated. We determined that F-NepA exhibited a higher growth-inhibitory activity against TNBC cells relative to non-TNBC breast cancer and normal breast epithelial cells. Moreover, F-NepA effectively downregulated the level of H3K79me2 in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells by inhibiting DOT1L activity. F-NepA also significantly inhibited TNBC cell migration and invasion. These activities of F-NepA might be associated with the upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin and Vimentin in TNBC cells. Taken together, these data highlight F-NepA as a strong potential candidate for the targeted treatment of high-DOT1L-expressing TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong Sub Byun
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (W.S.B.); (W.K.K.)
| | - Won Kyung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (W.S.B.); (W.K.K.)
| | - Ji-seong Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.-s.Y.); (D.B.J.); (L.S.J.)
| | - Dnyandev B. Jarhad
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.-s.Y.); (D.B.J.); (L.S.J.)
| | - Lak Shin Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.-s.Y.); (D.B.J.); (L.S.J.)
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (W.S.B.); (W.K.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-880-2475
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52
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Zhang Z, Li J, Ou Y, Yang G, Deng K, Wang Q, Wang Z, Wang W, Zhang Q, Wang H, Sun W, Sun P, Yang S. CDK4/6 inhibition blocks cancer metastasis through a USP51-ZEB1-dependent deubiquitination mechanism. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:25. [PMID: 32296027 PMCID: PMC7064488 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0118-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths, yet it remains poorly understood. The transcription factor zinc-finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) is involved in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and plays a pivotal role in tumor metastasis. However, the underlying mechanisms of the posttranslational modification of ZEB1 remain largely unknown. Herein, we demonstrated that specific inhibition of CDK4/6 was able to block tumor metastasis of breast cancer by destabilizing the ZEB1 protein in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we determined that the deubiquitinase USP51 is a bona fide target of CDK4/6. The phosphorylation and activation of USP51 by CDK4/6 is necessary to deubiquitinate and stabilize ZEB1. Moreover, we found a strong positive correlation between the expression of p-RB (an indicator of CDK4/6 activity), p-USP51 and ZEB1 in metastatic human breast cancer samples. Notably, the high expression of p-RB, p-USP51, and ZEB1 was significantly correlated with a poor clinical outcome. Taken together, our results provide evidence that the CDK4/6-USP51-ZEB1 axis plays a key role in breast cancer metastasis and could be a viable therapeutic target for the treatment of advanced human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yang Ou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Guang Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Kaiyuan Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Quansheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Hang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Peiqing Sun
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Shuang Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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53
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Rachner TD, Göbel A, Hoffmann O, Erdmann K, Kasimir-Bauer S, Breining D, Kimmig R, Hofbauer LC, Bittner AK. High serum levels of periostin are associated with a poor survival in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 180:515-524. [PMID: 32040688 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05570-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Periostin is a secreted extracellular matrix protein, which was originally described in osteoblasts. It supports osteoblastic differentiation and bone formation and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several human malignancies, including breast cancer. However, little is known about the prognostic value of serum periostin levels in breast cancer. METHODS In this study, we analyzed serum levels of periostin in a cohort of 509 primary, non-metastatic breast cancer patients. Disseminated tumor cell (DTC) status was determined using bone marrow aspirates obtained from the anterior iliac crests. Periostin levels were stratified according to several clinical parameters and Pearson correlation analyses were performed. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were assessed by using the log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test. To identify prognostic factors, multivariate Cox regression analyses were used. RESULTS Mean serum levels of periostin were 505 ± 179 pmol/l. In older patients (> 60 years), periostin serum levels were significantly increased compared to younger patients (540 ± 184 pmol/l vs. 469 ± 167 pmol/l; p < 0.0001) and age was positively correlated with periostin expression (p < 0.0001). When stratifying the cohort according to periostin serum concentrations, the overall and breast cancer-specific mortality were significantly higher in those patients with high serum periostin (above median) compared to those with low periostin during a mean follow-up of 8.5 years (17.7% vs. 11.4% breast cancer-specific death; p = 0.03; hazard ratio 1.65). Periostin was confirmed to be an independent prognostic marker for breast cancer-specific survival (p = 0.017; hazard ratio 1.79). No significant differences in serum periostin were observed when stratifying the patients according to their DTC status. CONCLUSIONS Our findings emphasize the relevance of periostin in breast cancer and reveal serum periostin as a potential marker for disease prediction, independent on the presence of micrometastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman D Rachner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Healthy Ageing Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andy Göbel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. .,Center for Healthy Ageing Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Oliver Hoffmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kati Erdmann
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Kasimir-Bauer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dorit Breining
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Healthy Ageing Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Healthy Ageing Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Bittner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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54
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Chao TY, Satriyo P, Yeh CT, Chen JH, Aryandono T, Haryana S. Dual therapeutic strategy targeting tumor cells and tumor microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer. JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrp.jcrp_13_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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55
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Tomaselli D, Lucidi A, Rotili D, Mai A. Epigenetic polypharmacology: A new frontier for epi-drug discovery. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:190-244. [PMID: 31218726 PMCID: PMC6917854 DOI: 10.1002/med.21600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, despite the great success achieved by the so-called "magic bullets" in the treatment of different diseases through a marked and specific interaction with the target of interest, the pharmacological research is moving toward the development of "molecular network active compounds," embracing the related polypharmacology approach. This strategy was born to overcome the main limitations of the single target therapy leading to a superior therapeutic effect, a decrease of adverse reactions, and a reduction of potential mechanism(s) of drug resistance caused by robustness and redundancy of biological pathways. It has become clear that multifactorial diseases such as cancer, neurological, and inflammatory disorders, may require more complex therapeutic approaches hitting a certain biological system as a whole. Concerning epigenetics, the goal of the multi-epi-target approach consists in the development of small molecules able to simultaneously and (often) reversibly bind different specific epi-targets. To date, two dual histone deacetylase/kinase inhibitors (CUDC-101 and CUDC-907) are in an advanced stage of clinical trials. In the last years, the growing interest in polypharmacology encouraged the publication of high-quality reviews on combination therapy and hybrid molecules. Hence, to update the state-of-the-art of these therapeutic approaches avoiding redundancy, herein we focused only on multiple medication therapies and multitargeting compounds exploiting epigenetic plus nonepigenetic drugs reported in the literature in 2018. In addition, all the multi-epi-target inhibitors known in literature so far, hitting two or more epigenetic targets, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Tomaselli
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs,
“Sapienza” University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessia Lucidi
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs,
“Sapienza” University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Dante Rotili
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs,
“Sapienza” University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs,
“Sapienza” University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Pasteur Institute - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Viale
Regina Elena 291, 00161 Roma, Italy
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56
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Al-Marsoummi S, Vomhof-DeKrey E, Basson MD. Schlafen12 Reduces the Aggressiveness of Triple Negative Breast Cancer through Post-Transcriptional Regulation of ZEB1 That Drives Stem Cell Differentiation. Cell Physiol Biochem 2019; 53:999-1014. [PMID: 31838790 DOI: 10.33594/000000191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Schlafen12 (SLFN12) promotes human intestinal and prostatic epithelial differentiation. We sought to determine whether SLFN12 reduces triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) aggressiveness. METHODS We validated bioinformatics analyses of publicly available databases by staining human TNBC. After virally overexpressing or siRNA-reducing SLFN12 in TNBC cell lines, we measured proliferation by CCK-8 assay, invasion into basement-membrane-coated pores, mRNA by q-RT-PCR and protein by Western blotting. Flow cytometry assessed proliferation and stem cell marker expression, and sorted CD44+/CD24- cells. Stemness was also assessed by mammosphere formation, and translation by click-it-AHA chemistry. RESULTS SLFN12 expression was lower in TNBC tumors and correlated with survival. SLFN12 overexpression reduced TNBC MDA-MB-231, BT549, and Hs578T proliferation. In MDA-MB-231 cells, AdSLFN12 reduced invasion, promoted cell cycle arrest, increased E-cadherin promoter activity, mRNA, and protein, and reduced vimentin expression and protein. SLFN12 knockdown increased vimentin. AdSLFN12 reduced the proportion of MDA-MB-231 CD44+CD24- cells, with parallel differentiation changes. SLFN12 overexpression reduced MDA-MB-231 mammosphere formation. SLFN12 overexpression decreased ZEB1 and Slug protein despite increased ZEB1 and Slug mRNA in all three lines. SLFN12 overexpression accelerated MDA-MB-231 ZEB1 proteasomal degradation and slowed ZEB1 translation. SLFN12 knockdown increased ZEB1 protein. Coexpressing ZEB1 attenuated the SLFN12 effect on E-cadherin mRNA and proliferation in all three lines. CONCLUSION SLFN12 may reduce TNBC aggressiveness and improve survival in part by a post-transcriptional decrease in ZEB1 that promotes TNBC cancer stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmad Al-Marsoummi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and the Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Emilie Vomhof-DeKrey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and the Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and the Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Marc D Basson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and the Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA, .,Department of Surgery, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and the Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and the Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
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57
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Dias MM, Adamoski D, Dos Reis LM, Ascenção CFR, de Oliveira KRS, Mafra ACP, da Silva Bastos AC, Quintero M, de G Cassago C, Ferreira IM, Fidelis CHV, Rocco SA, Bajgelman MC, Stine Z, Berindan-Neagoe I, Calin GA, Ambrosio ALB, Dias SMG. GLS2 is protumorigenic in breast cancers. Oncogene 2019; 39:690-702. [PMID: 31541193 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1007-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Many types of cancers have a well-established dependence on glutamine metabolism to support survival and growth, a process linked to glutaminase 1 (GLS) isoforms. Conversely, GLS2 variants often have tumor-suppressing activity. Triple-negative (TN) breast cancer (testing negative for estrogen, progesterone, and Her2 receptors) has elevated GLS protein levels and reportedly depends on exogenous glutamine and GLS activity for survival. Despite having high GLS levels, we verified that several breast cancer cells (including TN cells) express endogenous GLS2, defying its role as a bona fide tumor suppressor. Moreover, ectopic GLS2 expression rescued cell proliferation, TCA anaplerosis, redox balance, and mitochondrial function after GLS inhibition by the small molecule currently in clinical trials CB-839 or GLS knockdown of GLS-dependent cell lines. In several cell lines, GLS2 knockdown decreased cell proliferation and glutamine-linked metabolic phenotypes. Strikingly, long-term treatment of TN cells with another GLS-exclusive inhibitor bis-2'-(5-phenylacetamide-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethyl sulfide (BPTES) selected for a drug-resistant population with increased endogenous GLS2 and restored proliferative capacity. GLS2 was linked to enhanced in vitro cell migration and invasion, mesenchymal markers (through the ERK-ZEB1-vimentin axis under certain conditions) and in vivo lung metastasis. Of concern, GLS2 amplification or overexpression is linked to an overall, disease-free and distant metastasis-free worse survival prognosis in breast cancer. Altogether, these data establish an unforeseen role of GLS2 in sustaining tumor proliferation and underlying metastasis in breast cancer and provide an initial framework for exploring GLS2 as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia M Dias
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Douglas Adamoski
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa M Dos Reis
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolline F R Ascenção
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Krishina R S de Oliveira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Paschoalini Mafra
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alliny Cristiny da Silva Bastos
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Melissa Quintero
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Carolina de G Cassago
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Igor M Ferreira
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Carlos H V Fidelis
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Silvana A Rocco
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Marcio Chaim Bajgelman
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Zachary Stine
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu-Hatieganu", 400337, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu-Hatieganu", 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuţă", 400015, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 1950, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Center for RNA Inference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 1950, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Andre Luis Berteli Ambrosio
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil. .,Sao Carlos Institute of Physics (IFSC), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, 13563-120, Brazil.
| | - Sandra Martha Gomes Dias
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.
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58
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Cho HJ, Oh N, Park JH, Kim KS, Kim HK, Lee E, Hwang S, Kim SJ, Park KS. ZEB1 Collaborates with ELK3 to Repress E-Cadherin Expression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:2257-2266. [PMID: 31511359 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ZEB1 has intrinsic oncogenic functions that control the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells, impacting tumorigenesis from its earliest stages. By integrating microenvironment signals and being implicated in feedback regulatory loops, ZEB1 appears to be a central switch that determines EMT and metastasis of cancer cells. Here, we found that ZEB1 collaborates with ELK3, a ternary complex factor belonging to the ETS family, to repress E-cadherin expression. ZEB1 functions as a transcriptional activator of ELK3. We first identified that ELK3 and ZEB1 have a positively correlated expression in breast cancer cells by using multiple databases for correlation analysis. Molecular analysis revealed that ZEB1 functions as a transcriptional activator of ELK3 expression. GST pull-down assay and coimmunoprecipitation analysis of wild-type or domain deletion mutants of ZEB1 and ELK3 showed that these 2 proteins directly bound each other. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ZEB1 and ELK3 collaborate to repress the expression of E-cadherin, a representative protein that initiates EMT. Our finding suggested that ELK3 is a novel factor of the ZEB1/E-cadherin axis in triple-negative breast cancer cells. IMPLICATIONS: ELK3 is a novel factor in the ZEB1/E-cadherin axis and ZEB1 has a dual role in ELK3 as a transcriptional activator and as a collaborator to repress E-cadherin expression in triple-negative breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Ju Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuri Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Soo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Keun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbyeol Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyun Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Kim
- Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Bundang-gu, Republic of Korea.
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59
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Low Dose of Paclitaxel Combined with XAV939 Attenuates Metastasis, Angiogenesis and Growth in Breast Cancer by Suppressing Wnt Signaling. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080892. [PMID: 31416135 PMCID: PMC6721645 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15% of overall breast cancer. A lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2 receptor) makes TNBC more aggressive and metastatic. Wnt signaling is one of the important pathways in the cellular process; in TNBC it is aberrantly regulated, which leads to the progression and metastasis. In this study, we designed a therapeutic strategy using a combination of a low dose of paclitaxel and a Wnt signaling inhibitor (XAV939), and examined the effect of the paclitaxel-combined XAV939 treatment on diverse breast cancer lines including TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and BT549) and ER+ve cell lines (MCF-7 and T-47D). The combination treatment of paclitaxel (20 nM) and XAV939 (10 µM) exerted a comparable therapeutic effect on MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, BT549, MCF-7, and T-47D cell lines, relative to paclitaxel with a high dose (200 nM). The paclitaxel-combined XAV939 treatment induced apoptosis by suppressing Bcl-2 and by increasing the cleavage of caspases-3 and PARP. In addition, the in vivo results of the paclitaxel-combined XAV939 treatment in a mice model with the MDA-MB-231 xenograft further confirmed its therapeutic effect. Furthermore, the paclitaxel-combined XAV939 treatment reduced the expression of β-catenin, a key molecule in the Wnt pathway, which led to suppression of the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and angiogenic proteins both at mRNA and protein levels. The expression level of E-cadherin was raised, which potentially indicates the inhibition of EMT. Importantly, the breast tumor induced by pristane was significantly reduced by the paclitaxel-combined XAV939 treatment. Overall, the paclitaxel-combined XAV939 regimen was found to induce apoptosis and to inhibit Wnt signaling, resulting in the suppression of EMT and angiogenesis. For the first time, we report that our combination approach using a low dose of paclitaxel and XAV939 could be conducive to treating TNBC and an external carcinogen-induced breast cancer.
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Kang GJ, Park MK, Byun HJ, Kim HJ, Kim EJ, Yu L, Kim B, Shim JG, Lee H, Lee CH. SARNP, a participant in mRNA splicing and export, negatively regulates E-cadherin expression via interaction with pinin. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:1543-1555. [PMID: 31313837 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a high mortality rate, which is related to the insufficient number of appropriate biomarkers and targets. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover appropriate biomarkers and targets for TNBC. SARNP (Hcc-1 and CIP29) is highly expressed in several cancers. It binds to UAP56, an RNA helicase component of the TREX complex in messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing and export. However, the role of SARNP in mRNA splicing and export and in the progression of breast cancer, especially of TNBC, remains unknown. Therefore, we examined the role of SARNP in mRNA splicing and export and progression of TNBC. We confirmed that SARNP binds to UAP56 and Aly and that SARNP overexpression enhances mRNA splicing, whereas its knockdown suppressed mRNA export. The SARNP overexpression induced the proliferation of MCF7 cells, whereas its knockdown induced E-cadherin expression and downregulated vimentin and N-cadherin expressions in SK-BR-3 and MDA-MB-231 cells. SARNP downregulates E-cadherin expression by interaction with pinin. Mice injected with MDA-MB-231shSARNP cells exhibited a significant reduction in tumor growth and lung metastasis compared with those injected with MDA-MB-231shCon cells in vivo. These findings suggested that SARNP is involved in mRNA splicing and export. SARNP maintains mesenchymal phenotype by escaping from inhibitory interaction with pinin leading to the downregulation of E-cadherin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mi Kyung Park
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | | | - Hyun Ji Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Lu Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Boram Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Gal Shim
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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Chen Y, Sumardika IW, Tomonobu N, Kinoshita R, Inoue Y, Iioka H, Mitsui Y, Saito K, Ruma IMW, Sato H, Yamauchi A, Murata H, Yamamoto KI, Tomida S, Shien K, Yamamoto H, Soh J, Futami J, Kubo M, Putranto EW, Murakami T, Liu M, Hibino T, Nishibori M, Kondo E, Toyooka S, Sakaguchi M. Critical role of the MCAM-ETV4 axis triggered by extracellular S100A8/A9 in breast cancer aggressiveness. Neoplasia 2019; 21:627-640. [PMID: 31100639 PMCID: PMC6520639 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated death in women. The progression of this fatal disease is associated with inflammatory responses that promote cancer cell growth and dissemination, eventually leading to a reduction of overall survival. However, the mechanism(s) of the inflammation-boosted cancer progression remains unclear. In this study, we found for the first time that an extracellular cytokine, S100A8/A9, accelerates breast cancer growth and metastasis upon binding to a cell surface receptor, melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM). Our molecular analyses revealed an important role of ETS translocation variant 4 (ETV4), which is significantly activated in the region downstream of MCAM upon S100A8/A9 stimulation, in breast cancer progression in vitro as well as in vivo. The MCAM-mediated activation of ETV4 induced a mobile phenotype called epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cells, since we found that ETV4 transcriptionally upregulates ZEB1, a strong EMT inducer, at a very high level. In contrast, downregulation of either MCAM or ETV4 repressed EMT, resulting in greatly weakened tumor growth and lung metastasis. Overall, our results revealed that ETV4 is a novel transcription factor regulated by the S100A8/A9-MCAM axis, which leads to EMT through ZEB1 and thereby to metastasis in breast cancer cells. Thus, therapeutic strategies based on our findings might improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyi Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; Department of General Surgery & Bio-Bank of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - I Wayan Sumardika
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar 80232, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Nahoko Tomonobu
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Rie Kinoshita
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Division of Molecular Science, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu-shi, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Iioka
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 757 Ichiban-cho, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yosuke Mitsui
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Ken Saito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 757 Ichiban-cho, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - I Made Winarsa Ruma
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar 80232, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Hiroki Sato
- Departments of Thoracic, Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Akira Yamauchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki-shi, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Murata
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamamoto
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shuta Tomida
- Department of Biobank, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Shien
- Departments of Thoracic, Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Yamamoto
- Departments of Thoracic, Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Junichi Soh
- Departments of Thoracic, Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Junichiro Futami
- Department of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Miyoko Kubo
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Endy Widya Putranto
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Sardjito Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Takashi Murakami
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Moro-Hongo, Moroyama, Iruma, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of General Surgery & Bio-Bank of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Toshihiko Hibino
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishibori
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Eisaku Kondo
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 757 Ichiban-cho, Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shinichi Toyooka
- Departments of Thoracic, Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masakiyo Sakaguchi
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
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Aiello NM, Kang Y. Context-dependent EMT programs in cancer metastasis. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1016-1026. [PMID: 30975895 PMCID: PMC6504222 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental process whereby stationary, adherent cells acquire the ability to migrate. EMT is critical for dramatic cellular movements during embryogenesis; however, tumor cells can reactivate EMT programs, which increases their aggressiveness. In addition to motility, EMT is associated with enhanced stem cell properties and drug resistance; thus it can drive metastasis, tumor recurrence, and therapy resistance in the context of cancer. However, the precise requirements for EMT in metastasis have not been fully delineated, with different tumor types relying on discrete EMT effectors. Most tumor cells do not undergo a full EMT, but rather adopt some qualities of mesenchymal cells and maintain some epithelial characteristics. Emerging evidence suggests that partial EMT can drive distinct migratory properties and enhance the epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity of cancer cells as well as cell fate plasticity. This review discusses the diverse regulatory mechanisms and functional consequences of EMT, with an emphasis on the importance of partial EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Aiello
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ
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Nakshatri H, Kumar B, Burney HN, Cox ML, Jacobsen M, Sandusky GE, D'Souza-Schorey C, Storniolo AMV. Genetic Ancestry-dependent Differences in Breast Cancer-induced Field Defects in the Tumor-adjacent Normal Breast. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:2848-2859. [PMID: 30718355 PMCID: PMC11216537 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Genetic ancestry influences evolutionary pathways of cancers. However, whether ancestry influences cancer-induced field defects is unknown. The goal of this study was to utilize ancestry-mapped true normal breast tissues as controls to identify cancer-induced field defects in normal tissue adjacent to breast tumors (NATs) in women of African American (AA) and European (EA) ancestry. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A tissue microarray comprising breast tissues of ancestry-mapped 100 age-matched healthy women from the Komen Tissue Bank (KTB) at Indiana University (Indianapolis, IN) and tumor-NAT pairs from 100 women (300 samples total) was analyzed for the levels of ZEB1, an oncogenic transcription factor that is central to cell fate, mature luminal cell-enriched estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), GATA3, FOXA1, and for immune cell composition. RESULTS ZEB1+ cells, which were localized surrounding the ductal structures of the normal breast, were enriched in the KTB-normal of AA compared with KTB-normal of EA women. In contrast, in EA women, both NATs and tumors compared with KTB-normal contained higher levels of ZEB1+ cells. FOXA1 levels were lower in NATs compared with KTB-normal in AA but not in EA women. We also noted variations in the levels of GATA3, CD8+ T cells, PD1+ immune cells, and PDL1+ cell but not CD68+ macrophages in NATs of AA and EA women. ERα levels did not change in any of our analyses, pointing to the specificity of ancestry-dependent variations. CONCLUSIONS Genetic ancestry-mapped tissues from healthy individuals are required for proper assessment and development of cancer-induced field defects as early cancer detection markers. This finding is significant in light of recent discoveries of influence of genetic ancestry on both normal biology and tumor evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Heather N Burney
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mary L Cox
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Max Jacobsen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - George E Sandusky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Anna Maria V Storniolo
- IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Hu C, Li M, Guo T, Wang S, Huang W, Yang K, Liao Z, Wang J, Zhang F, Wang H. Anti-metastasis activity of curcumin against breast cancer via the inhibition of stem cell-like properties and EMT. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 58:152740. [PMID: 31005718 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with potent chemopreventive and anti-cancer efficacy. PURPOSE To explore the potential anti-metastasis efficacy of curcumin in breast cancer stem-like cells (BCSCs), which are increasingly considered to be the origin of the recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer. METHODS A CCK8 assay was performed to evaluate cell viability, and a colony formation assay was conducted to determine cell proliferation in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 adherent cells. Transwell and wound healing assays were used to detect the effect of curcumin on cell migration and invasion in MDA-MB-231 cells. Mammospheres were cultured with serum free medium (SFM) for three generations and the BCSC surface marker CD44+CD24-/low subpopulation was measured by flow cytometry. Mammosphere formation and differentiation abilities were determined after cell treatment with curcumin. Then, a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay was conducted to detect the relative mRNA level of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker genes and western blot analysis was performed to determine the protein expression of stem cell genes in mammospheres treated with curcumin. RESULTS Curcumin exhibited anti-proliferative and colony formation inhibiting activities in both the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. It also suppressed the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. The CD44+CD24-/low subpopulation was larger in mammospheres when MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 adherent cells were cultured with SFM. Further studies revealed that curcumin inhibited mammosphere formation and differentiation abilities. Moreover, curcumin down-regulated the mRNA expression of Vimentin, Fibronectin, and β-catenin, and up-regulated E-cadherin mRNA expression levels. Western blot analysis demonstrated that curcumin decreased the protein expression of stem cell genes including Oct4, Nanog and Sox2. CONCLUSION The results of the present study suggest that the inhibitor effects of curcumin on breast cancer cells may be related to resistance to cancer stem-like characters and the EMT process. These data indicate that curcumin could function as a type of anti-metastasis agent for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxia Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoxi Wang
- School of Software & Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weiping Huang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Liao
- Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengxue Zhang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hongqi Wang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Khaled N, Bidet Y. New Insights into the Implication of Epigenetic Alterations in the EMT of Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040559. [PMID: 31003528 PMCID: PMC6521131 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer and leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide, encompassing a wide heterogeneity of subtypes with different clinical features. During the last two decades, the use of targeted therapies has emerged in clinical research in order to increase treatment efficiency, improve prognosis and reduce recurrence. However, the triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype remains a clinical challenge, with poor prognosis since no therapeutic targets have been identified. This aggressive breast cancer entity lacks expression of oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), and it does not overexpress human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). The major reason for TNBC poor prognosis is early therapeutic escape from conventional treatments, leading to aggressive metastatic relapse. Metastases occur after an epithelial-mesenchymal transition EMT of epithelial cells, allowing them to break free from the primary tumour site and to colonize distant organs. Cancer-associated EMT consists not only of acquired migration and invasion ability, but involves complex and comprehensive reprogramming, including changes in metabolism, expression levels and epigenetic. Recently, many studies have considered epigenetic alterations as the primary initiator of cancer development and metastasis. This review builds a picture of the epigenetic modifications implicated in the EMT of breast cancer. It focuses on TNBC and allows comparisons with other subtypes. It emphasizes the role of the main epigenetic modifications lncRNAs, miRNAs, histone and DNA- modifications in tumour invasion and appearance of metastases. These epigenetic alterations can be considered biomarkers representing potential diagnostic and prognostic factors in order to define a global metastatic signature for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yannick Bidet
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire, Centre Jean PERRIN et IMoST, UMR 1240, Inserm/Université Clermont Auvergne 58 rue Montalembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Wu Z, Zhang L, Xu S, Lin Y, Yin W, Lu J, Sha R, Sheng X, Zhou L, Lu J. Predictive and prognostic value of ZEB1 protein expression in breast cancer patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:78. [PMID: 30976202 PMCID: PMC6441148 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0793-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) is a molecule involved in the progression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in various kinds of cancers. Here, we aimed to determine whether the expression of the ZEB1 protein is related to the response of patients to neoadjuvant therapy as well as their survival outcome. Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on paraffin-embedded tumor samples from core needle biopsy before neoadjuvant therapy (NAT). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the associations between the protein expression of ZEB1 and the pathological complete response (pCR) outcome. Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank tests were used to compare disease-free survival (DFS) between groups. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% confidential interval (95% CI). Results A total of 75 patients were included in the IHC test. High ZEB1 protein expression was associated with a low pCR rate in both univariate (OR = 0.260, 95% CI 0.082-0.829, p = 0.023) and multivariate (OR = 0.074, 95% CI 0.011-0.475, p = 0.006) logistic regression analyses. High ZEB1 protein expression was also associated with a short DFS according to both the log-rank test (p = 0.023) and Cox proportional hazard model (HR = 9.025, 95% CI 1.024-79.519, p = 0.048). In hormone receptor positive (HorR-positive) patients, high ZEB1 protein expression was also associated with a lower pCR (OR = 0.054, 95% CI 0.007-0.422, p = 0.005) and a poorer DFS (HR = 10.516, 95% CI 1.171-94.435, p = 0.036) compared with low ZEB1 protein expression. In HER2-overexpressing patients, ZEB1 protein expression was also associated with poor survival (p = 0.042). Conclusions Our results showed that high ZEB1 protein expression was a negative predictive marker of pCR and DFS in neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer patients and in HorR-positive and HER2-overexpressing subgroups.Trial registration NCT, NCT02199418. Registered 24 July 2014-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02199418?term=NCT02199418&rank=1. NCT, NCT 02221999. Registered 21 August 2014-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02221999?term=NCT02221999&rank=1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziping Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127 People's Republic of China
| | - Shuguang Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjin Yin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinglu Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127 People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Sha
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Sheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127 People's Republic of China
| | - Liheng Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsong Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127 People's Republic of China
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Elkhalifa D, Alali F, Al Moustafa AE, Khalil A. Targeting triple negative breast cancer heterogeneity with chalcones: a molecular insight. J Drug Target 2019; 27:830-838. [PMID: 30582377 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1561889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are aggressive heterogeneous cancers with not yet determined conventional targeted medication. Therefore, identification of new alternatives or improved treatment options to combat this deadly disease is highly needed. On the other hand, various derived products with chalcone scaffold were historically considered excellent candidates for the development of anticancer drugs. Chalcones unique chemical structure and their substantial biological activities in cancer cells make them an extremely attractive target for the treatment of several human carcinomas including TNBCs. This review highlights the promising therapeutic role of chalcones in TNBC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Elkhalifa
- a College of Pharmacy , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar.,b Biomedical Research Centre , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar
| | - Feras Alali
- a College of Pharmacy , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- b Biomedical Research Centre , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar.,c College of Medicine , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar.,d Oncology Department , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec , Canada
| | - Ashraf Khalil
- a College of Pharmacy , Qatar University , Doha , Qatar
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Wang HB, Wei H, Wang JS, Li L, Chen AY, Li ZG. Down-regulated expression of LINC00518 prevents epithelial cell growth and metastasis in breast cancer through the inhibition of CDX2 methylation and the Wnt signaling pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:708-723. [PMID: 30611858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC)-related mortality is associated with the potential metastatic properties of the primary breast tumors. The following study was conducted with the main focus on the effect of LINC00518 on the growth and metastasis of BC epithelial cells via the Wnt signaling pathway through regulation of the methylation of CDX2 gene. Initially, differentially expressed long intergenic non-protein coding RNAs (lincRNAs) related to BC were screened out in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, after which we detected the LINC00518 expression and localization in BC tissues and cells. Then the CDX2 positive expression and methylation level were identified. The targeting relationship of LINC00518 and CDX2, and binding methyltransferase in the promoter region were examined. BC epithelial cell proliferation, colony formation ability, invasion, migration and apoptosis were further evaluated. The lincRNA expression data related to BC downloaded from the TCGA database revealed that there was a high expression of LINC00518 in BC, and a negative correlation between LINC00518 and CDX2. In addition, LINC00518 promotes CDX2 methylation by recruiting DNA methyltransferase through activating the Wnt signaling pathway. The down-regulation of LINC00518 inhibited proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT of BC epithelial cells while enhancing apoptosis. The inhibitory effects of LINC00518 down-regulation was reversed by CDX2 down-regulation. In conclusion, our findings revealed that down-regulation of LINC00518 might have the ability to suppress BC progression by up-regulating CDX2 expression through the reduction of methylation and blockade of the Wnt signaling pathway, resulting in the inhibition of proliferation and promotion of apoptosis of BC epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery (No. 2 Sickroom), Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, PR China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of In-Patient Ultrasound, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, PR China
| | - Jin-Song Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery (No. 2 Sickroom), Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, PR China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Breast Surgery (No. 2 Sickroom), Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, PR China
| | - An-Yue Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery (No. 2 Sickroom), Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, PR China
| | - Zhi-Gao Li
- Department of Breast Surgery (No. 2 Sickroom), Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, PR China.
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Su Y, Hopfinger NR, Nguyen TD, Pogash TJ, Santucci-Pereira J, Russo J. Epigenetic reprogramming of epithelial mesenchymal transition in triple negative breast cancer cells with DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase inhibitors. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:314. [PMID: 30547810 PMCID: PMC6295063 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0988-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive neoplasia with no effective therapy. Our laboratory has developed a unique TNBC cell model presenting epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) a process known to be important for tumor progression and metastasis. There is increasing evidence showing that epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the activation of EMT. The objective of this study is to epigenetically reverse the process of EMT in TNBC by using DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) and histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi). Methods We evaluated the antitumor effect of three DNMTi and six HDACi using our TNBC cell model by MTT assay, migration and invasion assay, three dimensional culture, and colony formation assay. We then performed the combined treatment both in vitro and in vivo using the most potent DNMTi and HDACi, and tested the combined treatment in a panel of breast cancer cell lines. We investigated changes of EMT markers and potential signaling pathways associated with the antitumor effects. Results We showed that DNMTi and HDACi can reprogram highly aggressive TNBC cells that have undergone EMT to a less aggressive phenotype. SGI-110 and MS275 are superior to other seven compounds being tested. The combination of SGI with MS275 exerts a greater effect than single agent alone in inhibiting cell proliferation, motility, colony formation, and stemness of cancer cells. We also demonstrated that MS275 and the combination of SGI with MS275 exert in vivo antitumor effect. We revealed that the combined treatment synergistically reverses EMT through inhibiting EpCAM cleavage and WNT signaling, suppressing mutant p53, ZEB1, and EZH2, and inducing E-cadherin, apoptosis, as well as histone H3 tri-methylation. Conclusions Our study showed that DNMTi and HDACi exert antitumor activity in TNBC cells partially by epigenetically reprograming EMT. Our findings strongly suggest that TNBC is sensitive to epigenetic therapies. Therefore, we propose a new strategy to treat TNBC by using the combination of SGI-110 with MS275, which exerts superior antitumor effects by simultaneously targeting multiple pathways. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0988-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Su
- The Irma H. Russo, MD Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Nathan R Hopfinger
- The Irma H. Russo, MD Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Theresa D Nguyen
- The Irma H. Russo, MD Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Thomas J Pogash
- The Irma H. Russo, MD Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Julia Santucci-Pereira
- The Irma H. Russo, MD Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Jose Russo
- The Irma H. Russo, MD Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
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Guestini F, Ono K, Miyashita M, Ishida T, Ohuchi N, Nakagawa S, Hirakawa H, Tamaki K, Ohi Y, Rai Y, Sagara Y, Sasano H, McNamara KM. Impact of Topoisomerase IIα, PTEN, ABCC1/MRP1, and KI67 on triple-negative breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 173:275-288. [PMID: 30306430 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4985-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients with residual disease following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) harbor higher risk of relapse, and eventual demise compared to those who achieve pathologic complete response. Therefore, in this study, we assessed a panel of molecules involved in key pathways of drug resistance and tumor progression before and after NAC in TNBC patients, in order to clarify the underlying mechanisms. METHODS We studied 148 TNBC Japanese patients treated with anthracycline/taxane-based NAC. KI67, Topoisomerase IIα (TopoIIα), PTEN, p53, Bcl2, vimentin, ABCG2/BCRP1, ABCB1/MDR1, and ABCC1/MRP1 were immunolocalized in surgical pathology materials before and after NAC. RESULTS The status of vimentin and increasing labeling index (LI) of TopoIIα and KI67 in biopsy specimens were significantly associated with those who responded to NAC treatment. The abundance of p53 (p = 0.003), ABCC1/MRP1 (p = 0.033), ABCB1/MDR1 (p = 0.022), and a loss of PTEN (p < 0.0001) in surgery specimens following treatment were associated with pathologic parameters. TopoIIα, PTEN, and ABCC1/MRP1 status predicted pathologic response. In addition, the status of PTEN, ABCC1/MRP1, ABCB1/MDR1, Bcl2, and vimentin in surgical specimens was also significantly associated with adverse clinicopathological factors in surgery specimens, suggesting that these alterations could be responsible for tumor relapse in TNBC patients. CONCLUSION KI67, TopoIIα, PTEN, and ABCC1/MRP1 status could predict treatment response and/or eventual clinical outcomes. These results could also provide an insight into the mechanisms of drug resistance and relapse of TNBC patients receiving NAC.
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Radiation exposure triggers the progression of triple negative breast cancer via stabilizing ZEB1. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1624-1630. [PMID: 30257380 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our present study confirmed radiation can promote the in vitro migration and invasion of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and increase the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related transcription factor ZEB1, while had no effect on Snail, Slug or Twist. Knockdown of ZEB1 attenuated radiation induced cell migration and invasion, suggesting that ZEB1 is essential for radiation induced progression of TNBC. Radiation increased the protein stability of ZEB1, while had no effect on its mRNA expression. Particularly, the upregulation of ATM, which can phosphorylate and stabilize ZEB1, was involved in radiation induced upregulation of ZEB1. Collectively, we found that radiation can promote the migration, invasion and EMT of TNBC cells through stabilization of ZEB1 via ATM signals.
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72
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Kai K, Iwamoto T, Zhang D, Shen L, Takahashi Y, Rao A, Thompson A, Sen S, Ueno NT. CSF-1/CSF-1R axis is associated with epithelial/mesenchymal hybrid phenotype in epithelial-like inflammatory breast cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9427. [PMID: 29930294 PMCID: PMC6013474 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27409-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare subtype of breast cancer, accounting for 8–10% of breast cancer-associated deaths in the US. Clinical hallmarks of IBC include tumor emboli in lymphatic vessels and E-cadherin overexpression, which supports a type of metastasis referred to as cell cluster-based metastasis, prevalent in IBC. In contrast, we previously reported epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-based progression of IBC, utilizing in vivo xenografts and in vitro Matrigel culture models. To address these two contradictory concepts of IBC metastasis, we used Matrigel culture to induce EMT in a panel of IBC cells. Results revealed Matrigel culture induced vimentin expression in SUM149 and SUM190 IBC cells at the transcriptional and protein levels while maintaining the expression of E-cadherin, a phenomenon referred to as partial EMT. Transcriptional profiling revealed that expression of colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) was induced in Matrigel culture. When the receptor tyrosine kinase of CSF-1 (CSF-1R) was inhibited by CSF-1R inhibitor BLZ945, the partial EMT was reversed in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that the CSF-1/CSF-1R axis plays a key role in controlling partial EMT. This observation may help reconcile the two contradictory theories of IBC metastasis, EMT vs cell cluster-based metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuharu Kai
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Takayuki Iwamoto
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yuko Takahashi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Arvind Rao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Alastair Thompson
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Subrata Sen
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Naoto T Ueno
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. .,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
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73
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de Kruijff IE, Timmermans AM, den Bakker MA, Trapman-Jansen AMAC, Foekens R, Meijer-Van Gelder ME, Oomen-de Hoop E, Smid M, Hollestelle A, van Deurzen CHM, Foekens JA, Martens JWM, Sleijfer S. The Prevalence of CD146 Expression in Breast Cancer Subtypes and Its Relation to Outcome. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10050134. [PMID: 29734758 PMCID: PMC5977107 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10050134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
CD146, involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), might affect cancer aggressiveness. We here investigated the prevalence of CD146 expression in breast cancer subtypes, its relation to prognosis, the relation between CD146 and EMT and the outcome to tamoxifen. Primary breast cancer tissues from 1342 patients were available for this retrospective study and immunohistochemically stained for CD146. For survival analyses, pure prognosis was studied by only including lymph-node negative patients who did not receive (neo)adjuvant systemic treatment (n = 551). 11% of the tumors showed CD146 expression. CD146 expression was most prevalent in triple-negative cases (64%, p < 0.001). In univariable analysis, CD146 expression was a prognostic factor for both metastasis-free survival (MFS) (p = 0.020) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.037), but not in multivariable analysis (including age, tumor size, grade, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and Ki-67). No correlation between CD146 and EMT nor difference in outcome to first-line tamoxifen was seen. In this large series, our data showed that CD146 is present in primary breast cancer and is a pure prognostic factor for MFS and OS in breast cancer patients. We did not see an association between CD146 expression and EMT nor on outcome to tamoxifen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingeborg E de Kruijff
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Anna M Timmermans
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Michael A den Bakker
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Anita M A C Trapman-Jansen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Renée Foekens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marion E Meijer-Van Gelder
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Esther Oomen-de Hoop
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marcel Smid
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Antoinette Hollestelle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Carolien H M van Deurzen
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - John A Foekens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - John W M Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Stefan Sleijfer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Liu ZY, Cao J, Zhang JT, Xu GL, Li XP, Wang FT, Ansari KH, Mohamed H, Fan YZ. Ring finger protein 125, as a potential highly aggressive and unfavorable prognostic biomarker, promotes the invasion and metastasis of human gallbladder cancers via activating the TGF- β1-SMAD3-ID1 signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 8:49897-49914. [PMID: 28611292 PMCID: PMC5564816 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a lethal aggressive malignant neoplasm. Identification of potential molecular biomarkers and development of targeted therapeutics for GBC patients is very necessary. In this study, we firstly investigated the correlation between ring finger protein 125 (RNF125) expression and the metastasis and prognosis of GBC, and the underlying molecular mechanism. RNF125 expression in a cohort of GBC tissues was examined; its correlation with clinicopathological and prognostic factors of GBC patients was analyzed. Moreover, the metastasis-related difference expressed genes in highly and lowly aggressive GBC cell lines were identified; and the influence of RNF125 knockdown on the metastatic phenotypes and characteristic EMT markers in highly aggressive GBC NOZ cells was detected. Furthermore, the underlying molecular mechanism of RNF125 effect was explored. The results showed that RNF125 was highly expressed in GBC tissues and related with aggressive characteristics such as Nevin stage (P = 0.041) etc. and unfavorable prognosis of GBC patients (P = 0.023, log-rank test). And, RNF125 was proved to a positive metastasis-related gene in vitro. RNF125 knockdown inhibited the invasion and migration, enhanced the adhesion, upregulated E-cadherin and β-catenin expression, and downregulated vimentin and N-cadherin expression (all P < 0.001) of NOZ cells in vitro. RNF125 promoting effect on GBC tumor progression was identified to relate with the activation of TGF-β1-SMAD3-ID1 signaling pathway. These findings firstly confirm that high RNF125 expression is related with aggressive characteristics and unfavorable prognosis of GBC patients; RNF125 promotes the invasion and metastasis of human GBCs via activating the TGF-β1-SMAD3-ID1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yan Liu
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Jin Cao
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Tao Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Li Xu
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Ping Li
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Tao Wang
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Kamar Hasan Ansari
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Hassan Mohamed
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Zu Fan
- Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
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Yu Y, Luo W, Yang ZJ, Chi JR, Li YR, Ding Y, Ge J, Wang X, Cao XC. miR-190 suppresses breast cancer metastasis by regulation of TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:70. [PMID: 29510731 PMCID: PMC5838994 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and metastasis is the leading cause of death among patients with breast cancer. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway plays critical roles during breast cancer epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis. SMAD2, a positive regulator of TGF-β signaling, promotes breast cancer metastasis through induction of EMT. Methods The expression of miR-190 and SMAD2 in breast cancer tissues, adjacent normal breast tissues and cell lines were determined by RT-qPCR. The protein expression levels and localization were analyzed by western blotting and immunofluorescence. ChIP and dual-luciferase report assays were used to validate the regulation of ZEB1-miR-190-SMAD2 axis. The effect of miR-190 on breast cancer progression was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Results miR-190 down-regulation is required for TGF-β-induced EMT. miR-190 suppresses breast cancer metastasis both in vitro and in vivo by targeting SMAD2. miR-190 expression is down-regulated and inversely correlates with SMAD2 in breast cancer samples, and its expression level was associated with outcome in patients with breast cancer. Furthermore, miR-190 is transcriptionally regulated by ZEB1. Conclusions Our data uncover the ZEB1-miR-190-SMAD2 axis and provide a mechanism to explain the TGF-β network in breast cancer metastasis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12943-018-0818-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Wei Luo
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zheng-Jun Yang
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jiang-Rui Chi
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yun-Rui Li
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yu Ding
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jie Ge
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xin Wang
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xu-Chen Cao
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhuxi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China. .,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China. .,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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Nakazawa Y, Taniyama Y, Sanada F, Morishita R, Nakamori S, Morimoto K, Yeung KT, Yang J. Periostin blockade overcomes chemoresistance via restricting the expansion of mesenchymal tumor subpopulations in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4013. [PMID: 29507310 PMCID: PMC5838092 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest a functional involvement of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in tumor chemoresistance. Specifically, EMT is associated with chemoresistance and poor prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer. However, no effective therapy targeting EMT has been developed. Here, we report that periostin, an extracellular matrix protein, was induced upon chemotherapy and tightly correlated with the EMT gene signature and poor prognosis in breast cancer. In triple-negative breast cancer xenografts, chemotherapy upregulated periostin expression in tumor cells, triggered expansion of mesenchymal tumor cells and promoted invasion in residual tumors. Knockdown of periostin inhibited outgrowth and invasion of mesenchymal tumor cells upon chemotherapy. Furthermore, chemotherapy upregulated cancer-specific variants of periostin and application of a blocking antibody specifically targeting those variants overcame chemoresistance and halted disease progression without toxicity. Together, these data indicate that periostin plays a key role in EMT-dependent chemoresistance and is a promising target to overcome chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youya Nakazawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
| | - Yoshiaki Taniyama
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy and Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Sanada
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy and Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Morishita
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy and Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoji Nakamori
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Morimoto
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
- Osaka Women's Junior College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kay T Yeung
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
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77
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Gallegos Sancho MI, Márquez-Vázquez R, Sánchez-Muñoz A. Experience with eribulin in triple-negative metastatic breast cancer: case studies. Future Oncol 2018; 14:13-20. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers are defined as tumors negative for estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors and human EGFR2. These tumors exhibit diverse biological behavior and have a poor prognosis; chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment. The first case involves a young woman with cerebral and cerebellar metastases who achieved a persistent objective response to fourth-line eribulin. In the second case, a woman who became metastatic during adjuvant therapy with anthracyclines and taxanes, and was refractory to capecitabine + bevacizumab, achieved a partial response and local symptom improvement with eribulin + bevacizumab. Last, a poly-treated patient demonstrated reasonable response and longer progression-free interval on third-line eribulin relative to previous lines of chemotherapy which is unusual in this clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alfonso Sánchez-Muñoz
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain & Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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78
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Chen P, Liu H, Hou A, Sun X, Li B, Niu J, Hu L. Prognostic Significance of Zinc Finger E-Box-Binding Homeobox Family in Glioblastoma. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:1145-1151. [PMID: 29476046 PMCID: PMC5834914 DOI: 10.12659/msm.905902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential progress for tumor cell invasion to both epithelial and non-epithelial cancers, and zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1/2 (ZEB1/2) is a well-known promoter of EMT. In glioma cell lines, both ZEB1 and ZEB2 have been demonstrated to facilitate cancer cell proliferation and invasion with experiments in vitro. However, the clinical significance of ZEB1 and ZEB2 in glioblastoma (GBM) is still controversial. Material/Methods We detected the expression of ZEB1 and ZEB2 in 91 cases of GBM with immunohistochemistry and investigated the correlation between clinicopathological factors and ZEB family expression with Fisher test. By univariate analysis with Kaplan-Meier test, we explored the prognostic significance of ZEB1/2 expression and the clinicopathological factors in GBM. By multivariate analysis with the Cox regression model, we identified the independent prognostic factors in GBM. Results The percentages of ZEB1 high expression and ZEB2 high expression were 31.9% (29/91) and 41.9% (36/91), respectively. High expression of ZEB2 was significantly associated with lower survival rate of GBM patients (P=0.001). ZEB2, lower KPS score (P=0.004), gross total resection (P<0.001) and higher Ki67 percentage (P=0.001) were notably correlated to worse prognosis of GBM. With multivariate analysis, high expression of ZEB2 was demonstrated to be an independent prognostic factor indicating unfavorable prognosis of GBM (P=0.001, HR=3.86, and 95%CI=1.61–9.23). Conclusions High expression of ZEB2 is an independent prognostic factor predicting unfavorable prognosis of GBM, indicating that ZEB2 or its downstream proteins may be potential drug targets of GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Hongxin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Aiwu Hou
- Department of Neurology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xibo Sun
- Department of Neurology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Bingxuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jianyi Niu
- Department of Neurology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Lingling Hu
- Department of Gynecology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China (mainland)
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79
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Neophytou C, Boutsikos P, Papageorgis P. Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Targets of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastasis. Front Oncol 2018. [PMID: 29520340 PMCID: PMC5827095 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer represents a highly heterogeneous disease comprised by several subtypes with distinct histological features, underlying molecular etiology and clinical behaviors. It is widely accepted that triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes, often associated with poor patient outcome due to the development of metastases in secondary organs, such as the lungs, brain, and bone. The molecular complexity of the metastatic process in combination with the lack of effective targeted therapies for TNBC metastasis have fostered significant research efforts during the past few years to identify molecular “drivers” of this lethal cascade. In this review, the most current and important findings on TNBC metastasis, as well as its closely associated basal-like subtype, including metastasis-promoting or suppressor genes and aberrantly regulated signaling pathways at specific stages of the metastatic cascade are being discussed. Finally, the most promising therapeutic approaches and novel strategies emerging from these molecular targets that could potentially be clinically applied in the near future are being highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Neophytou
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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80
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CK2 blockade causes MPNST cell apoptosis and promotes degradation of β-catenin. Oncotarget 2018; 7:53191-53203. [PMID: 27448963 PMCID: PMC5288178 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are soft tissue sarcomas that are a major cause of mortality of Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patients. MPNST patients have few therapeutic options available and only complete surgical resection can be curative. MPNST formation and survival are dependent on activated β-catenin signaling. The goal of this study was to determine if inhibition of the CK2 enzyme can be therapeutically exploited in MPNSTs, given CK2's role in mainta ining oncogenic phenotypes including stabilization of β-catenin. We found that CK2α is over-expressed in MPNSTs and is critical for maintaining cell survival, as the CK2 inhibitor, CX-4945 (Silmitasertib), and shRNA targeting CK2α each significantly reduce MPNST cell viability. These effects were preceded by loss of critical signaling pathways in MPNSTs, including destabilization of β-catenin and TCF8. CX-4945 administration in vivo slowed tumor growth and extends survival time. We conclude that CK2 inhibition is a promising approach to blocking β-catenin in MPNST cells, although combinatorial therapies may be required for maximal efficacy.
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81
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Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Zhang Q, Sun P, Xiang R, Ren G, Yang S. ZEB1 confers chemotherapeutic resistance to breast cancer by activating ATM. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:57. [PMID: 29352223 PMCID: PMC5833408 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0087-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) has been identified as a key factor in the regulation of breast cancer differentiation and metastasis, its potential role in modulating tumor chemoresistance has not been fully understood. Here, through the study of specimens from a large cohort of human breast cancer subjects, we showed that patients with tumors that expressed high levels of ZEB1 responded poorly to chemotherapy. Moreover, ZEB1 expression was positively correlated with expression of B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) and cyclin D1, which are key components of tumor chemoresistant mechanisms. At the molecular level, ectopic expression of ZEB1 impaired the responsiveness of breast cancer cells to genotoxic drug treatment, such as epirubicin (EPI). During this process, ZEB1 transcriptionally activated the expression of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase by forming a ZEB1/p300/PCAF complex on its promoter, leading to increased homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA damage repair and the clearance of DNA breaks. Using a nude mouse xenograft model, we further confirmed that ectopic expression of ZEB1 decreased breast cancer responsiveness to EPI treatment in vivo. Collectively, our findings suggest that ZEB1 is a crucial determinant of chemotherapeutic resistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Quansheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Peiqing Sun
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Rong Xiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Guosheng Ren
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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82
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Li J, Xia L, Zhou Z, Zuo Z, Xu C, Song H, Cai J. MiR-186-5p upregulation inhibits proliferation, metastasis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of colorectal cancer cell by targeting ZEB1. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 640:53-60. [PMID: 29325758 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-186-5p (miR-186-5p) is upregulated and exhibits as a crucial oncogene in various human tumors. However, the functions and underlying mechanisms of this microRNA on colorectal cancer remain largely unknown. Here, we report that miR-186-5p share a lower expression in colorectal cancer cell lines (HT116, H29, SW620 and LoVo) than in normal colonic epithelial cell line NCM460. MiR-186-5p overexpression inhibits proliferation, metastasis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of colorectal cancer cell line LoVo. Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 1 (ZEB1), an EMT related marker, is predicted as a target of miR-186-5p. Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR and western blot analysis showed that miR-186-5p directly targeted the 3'-untranslated regions (3'UTR) of ZEB1 messenger RNA. Further functional experiments indicated that overexpression of miR-186-5p suppress the proliferation and metastasis ability of LoVo, which was consistent with the inhibitory effects by knockdown of ZEB1. Additionally, overexpression of ZEB1 could significantly reverse the miR-186-5p mimics initiated suppression impact of proliferation, metastasis and EMT on LoVo. In summary, miRNA-186-5p affects the proliferation, metastasis and EMT process of colorectal cancer cell by inhibition of ZEB1. Hence, it may serve as a promising therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Limin Xia
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Zhigui Zuo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Huayu Song
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jianhui Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
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83
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Laedrach C, Salhia B, Cihoric N, Zlobec I, Tapia C. Immunophenotypic profile of tumor buds in breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2017; 214:25-29. [PMID: 29254793 PMCID: PMC7474545 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor buds are associated with lympho-vascular invasion and lymph node metastases leading to the assumption that they are involved in the early metastatic process. Hence, it would be important to know if tumor buds can be targeted with the most widely used targeted therapies in breast cancer (BC) and if changes in hormone and Her2 status occur. The aim of this study was to answer these questions by determining whether hormone receptor (HR) and Her2 status are expressed in the tumor buds of a large cohort of BCs. DESIGN We constructed a tumor bud next-generation tissue microarray (ngTMA) consisting of n = 199 BCs of non-special type. Generally, two 1 mm punches were taken from the tumor bud areas in the periphery (PTB) and within the tumor center (ITB). HR and Her2 status was assessed using immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization, respectively. HR status was positive if ≥1% of tumor bud cells were positive. Her2 status was considered positive if bud cells showed strong complete membranous Her2 over-expression or Her2 amplification. RESULTS Most tumor buds were positive for estrogen (ER) (PTB: 86%; ITB: 88.3) and progesterone receptor (PgR) (PTB: 72%; ITB: 72.8%) and Her2 was positive in: PTB 11.5% and ITB 11%. A difference between the main tumor mass and tumor buds (PTB and ITB) was seen for PgR in 3.5% of cases (n = 7). No differences were seen for ER and Her2 between tumor buds and main tumor mass. CONCLUSION Most tumor buds (96.5%) share the same HR and Her2 expression profile of the main tumor mass, implying that tumor buds relay on the same pathways as the main tumor mass and might be equally responsive to targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Laedrach
- Intstitute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Salhia
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - N Cihoric
- Department of Radio-Oncology, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Breast Center, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - I Zlobec
- Intstitute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - C Tapia
- Intstitute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Breast Center, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Molecular Pathology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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84
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Yang F, Wang Y, Li Q, Cao L, Sun Z, Jin J, Fang H, Zhu A, Li Y, Zhang W, Wang Y, Xie H, Gustafsson JÅ, Wang S, Guan X. Intratumor heterogeneity predicts metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:900-909. [PMID: 28911002 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Even with the identical clinicopathological features, the ability for metastasis is vastly different among triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. Intratumor heterogeneity (ITH), which is common in breast cancer, may be a key mechanism leading to the tumor progression. In this study, we studied whether a quantitative genetic definition of ITH can predict clinical outcomes in patients with TNBC. We quantified ITH by calculating Shannon index, a measure of diversity in a population, based on Myc, epidermal growth factor receptor/centromeric probe 7 (EGFR/CEP7) and cyclin D1/centromeric probe 11 (CCND1/CEP11) copy number variations (CNVs) in 300 cells at three different locations of a tumor. Among 75 TNBC patients, those who developed metastasis had significantly higher ITH, that is Shannon indices of EGFR/CEP7 and CCND1/CEP11 CNVs. Higher Shannon indices of EGFR/CEP7 and CCND1/CEP11 CNVs were significantly associated with the development of metastasis and were predictive of significantly worse metastasis-free survival (MFS). Regional heterogeneity, defined as the difference in copy numbers of Myc, EGFR or CCND1 at different locations, was found in 52 patients. However, the presence of regional heterogeneity did not correlate with metastasis or MFS. Our findings demonstrate that higher ITH of EGFR/CEP7 and CCND1/CEP11 CNVs is predictive of metastasis and is associated with significantly worse MFS in TNBC patients, suggesting that ITH is a very promising novel prognostic factor in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yucai Wang
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Quan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lulu Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Zijia Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Hehui Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Aiyu Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yanru Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shui Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China
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85
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Prognostic value of microRNA-9 and microRNA-155 expression in triple-negative breast cancer. Hum Pathol 2017; 68:69-78. [PMID: 28882698 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during breast cancer progression. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinicopathologic significance of expression of EMT-related miRNAs, miR-9 and miR-155, in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). We analyzed relative expression levels of miR-9 and miR-155 in 190 surgically resected TNBC specimens using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Then we analyzed the relationship between these miRNA expression levels and EMT marker expression (vimentin, smooth muscle actin [SMA], osteonectin, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, CD146, and ZEB1) assessed by immunohistochemistry. We also evaluated the prognostic significance of these miRNA expression levels. While miR-9 expression level showed a positive correlation with pT category, miR-155 expression level did not correlate with any clinicopathologic features of TNBCs. In relation to EMT phenotype, miR-9 expression was not associated with EMT marker expression except for SMA. However, miR-155 expression level correlated inversely with the expression of several EMT markers including SMA, osteonectin, and CD146. We observed that both miR-9 and miR-155 could be prognostic markers in TNBC in opposite ways; high level of miR-9 expression showed significant association with poor disease-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) in TNBC, while high level of miR-155 expression was associated with better DMFS. Our study suggests that expression levels of both miR-9 and miR-155 can serve as candidates for prognostic biomarkers in TNBCs.
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86
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Jiménez-Garduño AM, Mendoza-Rodríguez MG, Urrutia-Cabrera D, Domínguez-Robles MC, Pérez-Yépez EA, Ayala-Sumuano JT, Meza I. IL-1β induced methylation of the estrogen receptor ERα gene correlates with EMT and chemoresistance in breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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87
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Katsura A, Tamura Y, Hokari S, Harada M, Morikawa M, Sakurai T, Takahashi K, Mizutani A, Nishida J, Yokoyama Y, Morishita Y, Murakami T, Ehata S, Miyazono K, Koinuma D. ZEB1-regulated inflammatory phenotype in breast cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:1241-1262. [PMID: 28618162 PMCID: PMC5579340 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger E‐box binding protein 1 (ZEB1) and ZEB2 induce epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and enhance cancer progression. However, the global view of transcriptional regulation by ZEB1 and ZEB2 is yet to be elucidated. Here, we identified a ZEB1‐regulated inflammatory phenotype in breast cancer cells using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and RNA sequencing, followed by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of ZEB1‐bound genes. Knockdown of ZEB1 and/or ZEB2 resulted in the downregulation of genes encoding inflammatory cytokines related to poor prognosis in patients with cancer, including IL6 and IL8, therefore suggesting that ZEB1 and ZEB2 have similar functions in terms of the regulation of production of inflammatory cytokines. Antibody array and ELISA experiments confirmed that ZEB1 controlled the production of the IL‐6 and IL‐8 proteins. The secretory proteins regulated by ZEB1 enhanced breast cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. ZEB1 expression in breast cancer cells also affected the growth of fibroblasts in cell culture, and the accumulation of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells in tumors in vivo. These findings provide insight into the role of ZEB1 in the progression of cancer, mediated by inflammatory cytokines, along with the initiation of EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Katsura
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tamura
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hokari
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Mayumi Harada
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Metabolic Care and Endocrine Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Morikawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anna Mizutani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Nishida
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yokoyama
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Morishita
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Murakami
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Japan
| | - Shogo Ehata
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Miyazono
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daizo Koinuma
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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88
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Suarez‐Carmona M, Lesage J, Cataldo D, Gilles C. EMT and inflammation: inseparable actors of cancer progression. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:805-823. [PMID: 28599100 PMCID: PMC5496491 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors can be depicted as wounds that never heal, and are infiltrated by a large array of inflammatory and immune cells. Tumor-associated chronic inflammation is a hallmark of cancer that fosters progression to a metastatic stage, as has been extensively reviewed lately. Indeed, inflammatory cells persisting in the tumor establish a cross-talk with tumor cells that may result in a phenotype switch into tumor-supporting cells. This has been particularly well described for macrophages and is referred to as tumor-associated 'M2' polarization. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), the embryonic program that loosens cell-cell adherence complexes and endows cells with enhanced migratory and invasive properties, can be co-opted by cancer cells during metastatic progression. Cancer cells that have undergone EMT are more aggressive, displaying increased invasiveness, stem-like features, and resistance to apoptosis. EMT programs can also stimulate the production of proinflammatory factors by cancer cells. Conversely, inflammation is a potent inducer of EMT in tumors. Therefore, the two phenomena may sustain each other, in an alliance for metastasis. This is the focus of this review, where the interconnections between EMT programs and cellular and molecular actors of inflammation are described. We also recapitulate data linking the EMT/inflammation axis to metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meggy Suarez‐Carmona
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) – University Hospital HeidelbergGermany
| | - Julien Lesage
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development BiologyGIGA‐Cancer University of LiègeBelgium
| | - Didier Cataldo
- Inserm UMR‐S 903SFR CAP‐SantéUniversity of Reims Champagne‐Ardenne (URCA)France
| | - Christine Gilles
- Inserm UMR‐S 903SFR CAP‐SantéUniversity of Reims Champagne‐Ardenne (URCA)France
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89
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Tanabe Y, Tsuda H, Yoshida M, Yunokawa M, Yonemori K, Shimizu C, Yamamoto S, Kinoshita T, Fujiwara Y, Tamura K. Pathological features of triple-negative breast cancers that showed progressive disease during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1520-1529. [PMID: 28474753 PMCID: PMC5497804 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical progressive disease (cPD) occurs during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in 3%–5% of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. We aimed to identify the histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters that are correlated with the TNBC that showed cPD. We identified 22 TNBCs that showed cPD during NAC (cPD group) and 80 TNBCs that did not receive NAC (control group). Using surgically resected tumor specimens, we performed histopathologic examinations and immunohistochemical analysis of 11 molecules that appeared relevant to epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), and basal‐like, molecular apocrine and other features. Metaplastic carcinomas (MPCs) and high proliferation (≥50 mitoses per 10 high‐power fields or ≥50% Ki‐67 score) were more frequent in the cPD than in the control (41% vs 3%, P < 0.001, and 86% vs 50%, P = 0.0049, respectively). Positive cytokeratin 5/6, ZEB1, TWISTNB, vimentin, and HMGB1 expressions and negative androgen receptor were more frequent in the cPD than in the control. By an unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis incorporating these 11 molecules, the 102 TNBCs were divided into two major clusters and seven subclusters that appeared to correspond to intrinsic subtype, cPD status, histological type, and clinical outcome. In 27% of cPD cases, the MPC component appeared only in the post‐NAC specimens. The combinations of high proliferation, metaplastic features, and immunohistochemical statuses of some EMT and basal‐like markers and androgen receptor appeared to be able to characterize the TNBCs that showed cPD after NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Tanabe
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Medical Oncology and Translational Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tsuda
- Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan.,Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yoshida
- Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayu Yunokawa
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kan Yonemori
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikako Shimizu
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Yamamoto
- Health Sociology Division, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kinoshita
- Department of Breast Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Fujiwara
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Tamura
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
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90
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Zhang J, Zhou C, Jiang H, Liang L, Shi W, Zhang Q, Sun P, Xiang R, Wang Y, Yang S. ZEB1 induces ER-α promoter hypermethylation and confers antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2732. [PMID: 28383555 PMCID: PMC5477580 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antiestrogen resistance is a major obstacle to endocrine therapy for breast cancers. Although reduced estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) expression is a known contributing factor to antiestrogen resistance, the mechanisms of ER-α downregulation in antiestrogen resistance are not fully understood. Here, we report that ectopic zinc-finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) is associated with ER-α deficiency in breast cancer cells and thus confers antiestrogen resistance. Mechanistically, ZEB1 represses ER-α transcription by forming a ZEB1/DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)3B/histone deacetylase (HDAC)1 complex on the ER-α promoter, leading to DNA hypermethylation and the silencing of ER-α. Thus, ectopic ZEB1 downregulates ER-α expression and subsequently attenuates cell growth inhibition by antiestrogens, such as tamoxifen and fulvestrant. Notably, the depletion of ZEB1 by RNA interference causes ER-α promoter demethylation, restores ER-α expression, and increases the responsiveness of breast cancer cells to antiestrogen treatment. By studying specimens from a large cohort of subjects with breast cancer, we found a strong inverse correlation between ZEB1 and ER-α protein expression. Moreover, breast tumors that highly express ZEB1 exhibit ER-α promoter hypermethylation. Using a nude mouse xenograft model, we further confirmed that the downregulation of ZEB1 expression restores the responsiveness of breast cancer cells to antiestrogen therapy in vivo. Therefore, our findings suggest that ZEB1 is a crucial determinant of resistance to antiestrogen therapies in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Huimin Jiang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lin Liang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wen Shi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Quansheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Peiqing Sun
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.,2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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91
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Lee JH, Bae SB, Oh MH, Cho HD, Jang SH, Hong SA, Cho J, Kim SY, Han SW, Lee JE, Kim HJ, Lee HJ. Clinicopathologic and Prognostic Significance of Transducin-Like Enhancer of Split 1 Protein Expression in Invasive Breast Cancer. J Breast Cancer 2017; 20:45-53. [PMID: 28382094 PMCID: PMC5378579 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2017.20.1.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Transducin-like enhancer of split 1 (TLE1) is a member of the TLE family of transcriptional co-repressors that control the transcription of a wide range of genes. We investigated the prognostic significance of TLE1 protein expression in breast cancers by using immunohistochemistry and explored the relationship of TLE1 with clinicopathological parameters. Methods Immunohistochemistry was performed on 456 cases of breast cancer tiled on tissue microarrays. The relationship between TLE1 expression in normal breast specimens and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) was also analyzed. Results TLE1 was highly expressed in 57 of 456 (12.5%) carcinoma samples. TLE1 was more frequently expressed in DCIS and invasive breast cancers than in normal breast tissue (p=0.002). High expression of TLE1 significantly correlated with negative lymph node (LN) metastasis (p=0.007), high histologic grade (p<0.001), estrogen receptor negativity (p<0.001), progesterone receptor negativity (p<0.001), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity (p<0.001), and high Ki-67 proliferation index (p<0.001). Based on intrinsic subtypes, high TLE1 expression was strongly associated with HER2+ and triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) (p<0.001). Survival analysis demonstrated no significant association between TLE1 expression and disease-free survival (DFS) (p=0.167) or overall survival (OS) (p=0.286). In subgroup analyses, no correlation was found between TLE1 expression and DFS or OS according to LN status or intrinsic subtype. Conclusion High TLE1 expression is significantly associated with the HER2+ and TNBC subtypes. This is the first study documenting immunohistochemical expression of TLE1 in invasive breast cancer and its association with clinicopathological parameters, prognosis, and intrinsic subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Lee
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sang Byung Bae
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Mee-Hye Oh
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyun Deuk Cho
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Si-Hyong Jang
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Soon Auck Hong
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Junhun Cho
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sung Yong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sun Wook Han
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Han Jo Kim
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Lee
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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92
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Thomas C, Henry W, Cuiffo BG, Collmann AY, Marangoni E, Benhamo V, Bhasin MK, Fan C, Fuhrmann L, Baldwin AS, Perou C, Vincent-Salomon A, Toker A, Karnoub AE. Pentraxin-3 is a PI3K signaling target that promotes stem cell-like traits in basal-like breast cancers. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/467/eaah4674. [PMID: 28223411 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aah4674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Basal-like breast cancers (BLBCs) exhibit hyperactivation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway because of the frequent mutational activation of the PIK3CA catalytic subunit and the genetic loss of its negative regulators PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) and INPP4B (inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type II). However, PI3K inhibitors have had limited clinical efficacy in BLBC management because of compensatory amplification of PI3K downstream signaling loops. Therefore, identification of critical PI3K mediators is paramount to the development of effective BLBC therapeutics. Using transcriptomic analysis of activated PIK3CA-expressing BLBC cells, we identified the gene encoding the humoral pattern recognition molecule pentraxin-3 (PTX3) as a critical target of oncogenic PI3K signaling. We found that PTX3 abundance is stimulated, in part, through AKT- and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-dependent pathways and that presence of PTX3 is necessary for PI3K-induced stem cell-like traits. We further showed that PTX3 expression is greater in tumor samples from patients with BLBC and that it is prognostic of poor patient survival. Our results thus reveal PTX3 as a newly identified PI3K-regulated biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in BLBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Thomas
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Whitney Henry
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Benjamin G Cuiffo
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Anthony Y Collmann
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | | | - Manoj K Bhasin
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Cheng Fan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - Albert S Baldwin
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Charles Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - Alex Toker
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Antoine E Karnoub
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. .,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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93
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EMT promoting transcription factors as prognostic markers in human breast cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2017; 295:817-825. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-017-4304-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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94
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Sinha A, Paul BT, Sullivan LM, Sims H, Bastawisy AE, Yousef HF, Zekri ARN, Bahnassy AA, ElShamy WM. BRCA1-IRIS overexpression promotes and maintains the tumor initiating phenotype: implications for triple negative breast cancer early lesions. Oncotarget 2017; 8:10114-10135. [PMID: 28052035 PMCID: PMC5354646 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-initiating cells (TICs) are cancer cells endowed with self-renewal, multi-lineage differentiation, increased chemo-resistance, and in breast cancers the CD44+/CD24-/ALDH1+ phenotype. Triple negative breast cancers show lack of BRCA1 expression in addition to enhanced basal, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and TIC phenotypes. BRCA1-IRIS (hereafter IRIS) is an oncogene produced by the alternative usage of the BRCA1 locus. IRIS is involved in induction of replication, transcription of selected oncogenes, and promoting breast cancer cells aggressiveness. Here, we demonstrate that IRIS overexpression (IRISOE) promotes TNBCs through suppressing BRCA1 expression, enhancing basal-biomarkers, EMT-inducers, and stemness-enforcers expression. IRISOE also activates the TIC phenotype in TNBC cells through elevating CD44 and ALDH1 expression/activity and preventing CD24 surface presentation by activating the internalization pathway EGFR→c-Src→cortactin. We show that the intrinsic sensitivity to an anti-CD24 cross-linking antibody-induced cell death in membranous CD24 expressing/luminal A cells could be acquired in cytoplasmic CD24 expressing IRISOE TNBC/TIC cells through IRIS silencing or inactivation. We show that fewer IRISOE TNBC/TICs cells form large tumors composed of TICs, resembling TNBCs early lesions in patients that contain metastatic precursors capable of disseminating and metastasizing at an early stage of the disease. IRIS-inhibitory peptide killed these IRISOE TNBC/TICs, in vivo and prevented their dissemination and metastasis. We propose IRIS inactivation could be pursued to prevent dissemination and metastasis from early TNBC tumor lesions in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhilasha Sinha
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Bibbin T. Paul
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Lisa M. Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Hillary Sims
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Ahmed El Bastawisy
- Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hend F. Yousef
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Abeer A. Bahnassy
- Molecular Pathology and Cytogenetics, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wael M. ElShamy
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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95
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Zhang AW, Guo WH, Qi YF, Wang JZ, Ma XX, Yu DX. Synergistic Effects of Gold Nanocages in Hyperthermia and Radiotherapy Treatment. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:279. [PMID: 27255899 PMCID: PMC4889960 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanocages (GNCs) are a promising material that not only converts near infrared (NIR) light to heat for the ablation of tumors but also acts as a radiosensitizer. The combination of hyperthermia and radiotherapy has a synergistic effect that can lead to significant tumor cell necrosis. In the current study, we synthesized GNCs that offered the combined effects of hyperthermia and radiotherapy. This combination strategy resulted in increased tumor cell apoptosis and significant tumor tissue necrosis. We propose that GNCs can be used for clinical treatment and to potentially overcome resistance to radiotherapy by clearly increasing the antitumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Wei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Hua Guo
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Fei Qi
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Zhen Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Xing Ma
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China.
| | - De-Xin Yu
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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96
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Shen T, Zhang K, Siegal GP, Wei S. Prognostic Value of E-Cadherin and β-Catenin in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Am J Clin Pathol 2016; 146:603-610. [PMID: 27780797 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqw183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) to assess their prognostic significance. METHODS The expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin was examined semiquantitatively and correlated with other pathologic factors and survival outcomes. RESULTS Of 72 consecutive TNBCs, 56% showed reduced membranous expression of E-cadherin or β-catenin, with a strong correlation to each other. Of the clinicopathologic factors analyzed, tumor size and nodal status were significantly associated with overall survival and disease-specific survival, while the latter remained an independent factor by multivariate analysis. Reduced E-cadherin and β-catenin were both significantly associated with a poor overall survival and disease-specific survival by univariate and multivariate analyses. CONCLUSIONS E-cadherin and β-catenin expression provides discriminative prognostic power independent of conventional pathologic factors, thus further reinforcing the important role of cell adhesion molecules in the process of tumor metastasis, especially in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansheng Shen
- From the Department of Pathology, the University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Kui Zhang
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton
| | - Gene P Siegal
- From the Department of Pathology, the University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Shi Wei
- From the Department of Pathology, the University of Alabama at Birmingham
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97
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Tackling Cancer Stem Cells via Inhibition of EMT Transcription Factors. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:5285892. [PMID: 27840647 PMCID: PMC5093281 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5285892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cell (CSC) has become recognized for its role in both tumorigenesis and poor patient prognosis in recent years. Traditional therapeutics are unable to effectively eliminate this group of cells from the bulk population of cancer cells, allowing CSCs to persist posttreatment and thus propagate into secondary tumors. The therapeutic potential of eliminating CSCs, to decrease tumor relapse, has created a demand for identifying mechanisms that directly target and eliminate cancer stem cells. Molecular profiling has shown that cancer cells and tumors that exhibit the CSC phenotype also express genes associated with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) feature. Ample evidence has demonstrated that upregulation of master transcription factors (TFs) accounting for the EMT process such as Snail/Slug and Twist can reprogram cancer cells from differentiated to stem-like status. Despite being appealing therapeutic targets for tackling CSCs, pharmacological approaches that directly target EMT-TFs remain impossible. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in the regulation of Snail/Slug and Twist at transcriptional, translational, and posttranslational levels and discuss the clinical implication and application for EMT blockade as a promising strategy for CSC targeting.
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98
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Pan Y, Zhang J, Fu H, Shen L. miR-144 functions as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer through inhibiting ZEB1/2-mediated epithelial mesenchymal transition process. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:6247-6255. [PMID: 27785072 PMCID: PMC5067005 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s103650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Local invasion, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance are the obstacles for treatment of breast cancer. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of miR-144 in breast cancer. We demonstrate that the expression of miR-144 is downregulated in breast cancer and cell lines, and lower miR-144 expression is associated with poor differentiation, higher clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis in patients with breast cancer. The rescue of miR-144 expression is able to inhibit the cell proliferation and the ability of cell migration and invasion. In addition, we show that miR-144 can directly target at 3′-untranslation region of zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 and 2, that is, ZEB1 and ZEB2, and regulate their expression at transcriptional and translational levels. Moreover, we also demonstrate that ectopic expression of miR-144 can inhibit the process of epithelial mesenchymal transition in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Thus, we here demonstrate that miR-144 functions as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer at least partly through inhibiting ZEB1/2-mediated epithelial mesenchymal transition process. Our findings indicate that the miR-144-ZEB1/2 signaling could represent a promising therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Pan
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqun Fu
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangfang Shen
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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99
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Szynglarewicz B, Kasprzak P, Donizy P, Biecek P, Halon A, Matkowski R. Ductal carcinoma in situ on stereotactic biopsy of suspicious breast microcalcifications: Expression of SPARC (Secreted Protein, Acidic and Rich in Cysteine) can predict postoperative invasion. J Surg Oncol 2016; 114:548-556. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.24373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Kasprzak
- Department of Breast Imaging; Lower Silesia Oncology Center; Wroclaw Poland
| | - Piotr Donizy
- Department of Pathomorphology and Oncological Cytology; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Biecek
- Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Mechanics; University of Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
| | - Agnieszka Halon
- Department of Pathomorphology and Oncological Cytology; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw Poland
| | - Rafal Matkowski
- Breast Unit; Department of Surgical Oncology; Lower Silesia Oncology Center; Wroclaw Poland
- Department of Oncology; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw Poland
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He Q, Jing H, Liaw L, Gower L, Vary C, Hua S, Yang X. Suppression of Spry1 inhibits triple-negative breast cancer malignancy by decreasing EGF/EGFR mediated mesenchymal phenotype. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23216. [PMID: 26976794 PMCID: PMC4791662 DOI: 10.1038/srep23216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sprouty (Spry) proteins have been implicated in cancer progression, but their role in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a subtype of lethal and aggressive breast cancer, is unknown. Here, we reported that Spry1 is significantly expressed in TNBC specimen and MDA-MB-231 cells. To understand Spry1 regulation of signaling events controlling breast cancer phenotype, we used lentiviral delivery of human Spry1 shRNAs to suppress Spry1 expression in MDA-MB-231, an established TNBC cell line. Spry1 knockdown MDA-MB-231 cells displayed an epithelial phenotype with increased membrane E-cadherin expression. Knockdown of Spry1 impaired MDA-MB-231 cell migration, Matrigel invasion, and anchorage-dependent and -independent growth. Tumor xenografts originating from Spry1 knockdown MDA-MB-231 cells grew slower, had increased E-cadherin expression, and yielded fewer lung metastases compared to control. Furthermore, suppressing Spry1 in MDA-MB-231 cells impaired the induction of Snail and Slug expression by EGF, and this effect was associated with increased EGFR degradation and decreased EGFR/Grb2/Shp2/Gab1 signaling complex formation. The same phenotype was also observed in the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-157. Together, our results show that unlike in some tumors, where Spry may mediate tumor suppression, Spry1 plays a selective role in at least a subset of TNBC to promote the malignant phenotype via enhancing EGF-mediated mesenchymal phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing He
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Hongyu Jing
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME, USA.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jinlin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lucy Liaw
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Lindsey Gower
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Calvin Vary
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Shucheng Hua
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jinlin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuehui Yang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME, USA
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