51
|
Rapid Enhancer Remodeling and Transcription Factor Repurposing Enable High Magnitude Gene Induction upon Acute Activation of NK Cells. Immunity 2020; 53:745-758.e4. [PMID: 33010223 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Innate immune responses rely on rapid and precise gene regulation mediated by accessibility of regulatory regions to transcription factors (TFs). In natural killer (NK) cells and other innate lymphoid cells, competent enhancers are primed during lineage acquisition, and formation of de novo enhancers characterizes the acquisition of innate memory in activated NK cells and macrophages. Here, we investigated how primed and de novo enhancers coordinate to facilitate high-magnitude gene induction during acute activation. Epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses of regions near highly induced genes (HIGs) in NK cells both in vitro and in a model of Toxoplasma gondii infection revealed de novo chromatin accessibility and enhancer remodeling controlled by signal-regulated TFs STATs. Acute NK cell activation redeployed the lineage-determining TF T-bet to de novo enhancers, independent of DNA-sequence-specific motif recognition. Thus, acute stimulation reshapes enhancer function through the combinatorial usage and repurposing of both lineage-determining and signal-regulated TFs to ensure an effective response.
Collapse
|
52
|
Pham D, Moseley CE, Gao M, Savic D, Winstead CJ, Sun M, Kee BL, Myers RM, Weaver CT, Hatton RD. Batf Pioneers the Reorganization of Chromatin in Developing Effector T Cells via Ets1-Dependent Recruitment of Ctcf. Cell Rep 2020; 29:1203-1220.e7. [PMID: 31665634 PMCID: PMC7182170 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic leucine zipper transcription factor activating transcription factor-like (Batf) contributes to transcriptional programming of multiple effector T cells and is required for T helper 17 (Th17) and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell development. Here, we examine mechanisms by which Batf initiates gene transcription in developing effector CD4 T cells. We find that, in addition to its pioneering function, Batf controls developmentally regulated recruitment of the architectural factor Ctcf to promote chromatin looping that is associated with lineage-specific gene transcription. The chromatin-organizing actions of Batf are largely dependent on Ets1, which appears to be indispensable for the Batf-dependent recruitment of Ctcf. Moreover, most of the Batf-dependent sites to which Ctcf is recruited lie outside of activating protein-1-interferon regulatory factor (Ap-1-Irf) composite elements (AICEs), indicating that direct involvement of Batf-Irf complexes is not required. These results identify a cooperative role for Batf, Ets1, and Ctcf in chromatin reorganization that underpins the transcriptional programming of effector T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duy Pham
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Carson E Moseley
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Min Gao
- Informatics Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Daniel Savic
- Human Genomics and Genetics, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Colleen J Winstead
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mengxi Sun
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Barbara L Kee
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Richard M Myers
- Human Genomics and Genetics, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Casey T Weaver
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Robin D Hatton
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Poholek CH, Raphael I, Wu D, Revu S, Rittenhouse N, Uche UU, Majumder S, Kane LP, Poholek AC, McGeachy MJ. Noncanonical STAT3 activity sustains pathogenic Th17 proliferation and cytokine response to antigen. J Exp Med 2020; 217:151964. [PMID: 32697822 PMCID: PMC7537401 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The STAT3 signaling pathway is required for early Th17 cell development, and therapies targeting this pathway are used for autoimmune disease. However, the role of STAT3 in maintaining inflammatory effector Th17 cell function has been unexplored. Th17ΔSTAT3 mice, which delete STAT3 in effector Th17 cells, were resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a murine model of MS. Th17 cell numbers declined after STAT3 deletion, corresponding to reduced cell cycle. Th17ΔSTAT3 cells had increased IL-6-mediated phosphorylation of STAT1, known to have antiproliferative functions. Th17ΔSTAT3 cells also had reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, which can regulate intracellular Ca2+. Accordingly, Th17ΔSTAT3 cells had reduced production of proinflammatory cytokines when stimulated with myelin antigen but normal production of cytokines when TCR-induced Ca2+ flux was bypassed with ionomycin. Thus, early transcriptional roles of STAT3 in developing Th17 cells are later complimented by noncanonical STAT3 functions that sustain pathogenic Th17 cell proliferation and cytokine production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine H. Poholek
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA
| | - Itay Raphael
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA
| | - Dongwen Wu
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA,The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shankar Revu
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA
| | | | - Uzodinma U. Uche
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA
| | - Saikat Majumder
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA
| | - Lawrence P. Kane
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA
| | | | - Mandy J. McGeachy
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA,Correspondence to Mandy J. McGeachy:
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Harbour SN, DiToro DF, Witte SJ, Zindl CL, Gao M, Schoeb TR, Jones GW, Jones SA, Hatton RD, Weaver CT. T H17 cells require ongoing classic IL-6 receptor signaling to retain transcriptional and functional identity. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:5/49/eaaw2262. [PMID: 32680955 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aaw2262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acting in concert with TGF-β, interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling induces T helper 17 (TH17) cell development by programming TH17-related genes via signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3). A role for IL-6 signaling beyond the inductive phase of TH17 cell development has not been defined because IL-23 signaling downstream of TH17 cell induction also activates STAT3 and is thought responsible for TH17 cell maintenance. Here, we find that IL-6 signaling is required for both induction and maintenance of mouse TH17 cells; IL-6Rα-deficient TH17 cells rapidly lost their TH17 phenotype and did not cause disease in two models of colitis. Cotransfer of wild-type TH17 cells with IL-6Rα-deficient TH17 cells induced colitis but was unable to rescue phenotype loss of the latter. High IL-6 expression in the colon promoted classic, or cis, rather than transreceptor signaling that was required for maintenance of TH17 cells. Thus, ongoing classic IL-6 signaling underpins the TH17 program and is required for TH17 cell maintenance and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacey N Harbour
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Daniel F DiToro
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Steven J Witte
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Carlene L Zindl
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.,Informatics Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Trenton R Schoeb
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Gareth W Jones
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Systems Immunity University Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK.,Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK
| | - Simon A Jones
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK.,Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK
| | - Robin D Hatton
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Casey T Weaver
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Giovannozzi S, Lemmens V, Hendrix J, Gijsbers R, Schrijvers R. Live Cell Imaging Demonstrates Multiple Routes Toward a STAT1 Gain-of-Function Phenotype. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1114. [PMID: 32582194 PMCID: PMC7296103 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) gain-of-function (GOF) mutations result in a primary immunodeficiency (PID) characterized typically by chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC), but a wider phenotypic range is reported and remains unexplained from a pathophysiological point-of-view. We hypothesized that different STAT1 GOF mutations may result in distinct molecular mechanisms, possibly explaining the variable phenotypes observed in patients. We selected STAT1 GOF mutants (R274W, R321S, T419R, and N574I) that are spread over the protein and studied their dynamic behavior in vitro in U3A and HeLa cell lines. All GOF mutants showed increased STAT1 phosphorylation compared to STAT1 WT. Real-time imaging demonstrated three underlying mechanisms for STAT1 GOF: (i) R274W showed a faster nuclear accumulation, (ii) both R321S and N574I showed a reduced nuclear mobility and slower dephosphorylation, whereas (iii) T419R was near-immobile in the nucleus, potentially due to enhanced binding to chromatin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Giovannozzi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory for Viral Vector Technology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Lemmens
- Dynamic Bioimaging Lab, Advanced Optical Microscopy Center and Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.,Molecular Imaging and Photonics Division, Chemistry Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jelle Hendrix
- Dynamic Bioimaging Lab, Advanced Optical Microscopy Center and Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.,Molecular Imaging and Photonics Division, Chemistry Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Gijsbers
- Laboratory for Viral Vector Technology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Leuven Viral Vector Core, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Schrijvers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Immunogenetics Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Garg G, Muschaweckh A, Moreno H, Vasanthakumar A, Floess S, Lepennetier G, Oellinger R, Zhan Y, Regen T, Hiltensperger M, Peter C, Aly L, Knier B, Palam LR, Kapur R, Kaplan MH, Waisman A, Rad R, Schotta G, Huehn J, Kallies A, Korn T. Blimp1 Prevents Methylation of Foxp3 and Loss of Regulatory T Cell Identity at Sites of Inflammation. Cell Rep 2020; 26:1854-1868.e5. [PMID: 30759395 PMCID: PMC6389594 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells restrict immune pathology in inflamed tissues; however, an inflammatory environment presents a threat to Treg cell identity and function. Here, we establish a transcriptional signature of central nervous system (CNS) Treg cells that accumulate during experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) and identify a pathway that maintains Treg cell function and identity during severe inflammation. This pathway is dependent on the transcriptional regulator Blimp1, which prevents downregulation of Foxp3 expression and “toxic” gain-of-function of Treg cells in the inflamed CNS. Blimp1 negatively regulates IL-6- and STAT3-dependent Dnmt3a expression and function restraining methylation of Treg cell-specific conserved non-coding sequence 2 (CNS2) in the Foxp3 locus. Consequently, CNS2 is heavily methylated when Blimp1 is ablated, leading to a loss of Foxp3 expression and severe disease. These findings identify a Blimp1-dependent pathway that preserves Treg cell stability in inflamed non-lymphoid tissues. Most Foxp3+ Treg cells in the inflamed CNS express Blimp1 Blimp1 inhibits Dnmt3a and prevents methylation of the Foxp3 locus IL-6 contributes to methylation of the Foxp3 locus in a Dnmt3a-dependent manner Blimp1 counteracts the IL-6-driven destabilization of Treg cells
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garima Garg
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Muschaweckh
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Helena Moreno
- Biomedical Center (BMC) and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Grosshaderner Str. 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ajithkumar Vasanthakumar
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth St., Melbourne Victoria 3000, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Stefan Floess
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gildas Lepennetier
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Rupert Oellinger
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Yifan Zhan
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth St., Melbourne Victoria 3000, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Tommy Regen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Hiltensperger
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Peter
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Lilian Aly
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Knier
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Lakshmi Reddy Palam
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mark H Kaplan
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1044 West Walnut St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Medicine II, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Gunnar Schotta
- Biomedical Center (BMC) and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Grosshaderner Str. 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Axel Kallies
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, 792 Elizabeth St., Melbourne Victoria 3000, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Thomas Korn
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Magaye RR, Savira F, Hua Y, Xiong X, Huang L, Reid C, Flynn B, Kaye D, Liew D, Wang BH. Exogenous dihydrosphingosine 1 phosphate mediates collagen synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts through JAK/STAT signalling and regulation of TIMP1. Cell Signal 2020; 72:109629. [PMID: 32278008 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis and myocyte hypertrophy are hallmarks of the cardiac remodelling process in cardiomyopathies such as heart failure (HF). Dyslipidemia or dysregulation of lipids contribute to HF. The dysregulation of high density lipoproteins (HDL) could lead to altered levels of other lipid metabolites that are bound to it such as sphingosine-1- phosphate (S1P). Recently, it has been shown that S1P and its analogue dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate (dhS1P) are bound to HDL in plasma. The effects of dhS1P on cardiac cells have been obscure. In this study, we show that extracellular dhS1P is able to increase collagen synthesis in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts (NCFs) and cause hypertrophy of neonatal cardiac myocytes (NCMs). The janus kinase/signal transducer and activator (JAK/STAT) signalling pathway was involved in the increased collagen synthesis by dhS1P, through sustained increase of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1). Extracellular dhS1P increased phosphorylation levels of STAT1 and STAT3 proteins, also caused an early increase in gene expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), and sustained increase in TIMP1. Inhibition of JAKs led to inhibition of TIMP1 and TGFβ gene and protein expression. We also show that dhS1P is able to cause NCM hypertrophy through S1P-receptor-1 (S1PR1) signalling which is opposite to that of its analogue, S1P. Taken together, our results show that dhS1P increases collagen synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts causing fibrosis through dhS1P-JAK/STAT-TIMP1 signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth R Magaye
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Feby Savira
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yue Hua
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Xiong
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia; Shanghai Institute of Heart Failure, Research Centre for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Li Huang
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christopher Reid
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health School, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Bernard Flynn
- Australian Translational Medicinal Chemistry Facility, Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Kaye
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Danny Liew
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bing H Wang
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Ligand-Mediated Targeting of Cytokine Interleukin-27 Enhances Its Bioactivity In Vivo. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 17:739-751. [PMID: 32346551 PMCID: PMC7177159 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We have examined the role of a novel targeted cytokine, interleukin-27 (IL-27), modified at the C terminus with a dual targeting and therapeutic heptapeptide, in treating prostate cancer. IL-27 has shown promise in halting tumor growth and mediating tumor regression in several cancer models, including prostate cancer. We describe our findings on the effects of targeted IL-27 gene delivery on prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and how the targeting enhances bioactivity of the IL-27 cytokine. We applied the IL-27 gene delivery protocol utilizing sonoporation (sonodelivery) with the goal of reducing prostate tumor growth in an immunocompetent TC2R C57/BL6 model. The reduction in tumor growth and effector cellular profiles implicate targeted IL-27 as more effective than an untargeted version of IL-27 in promoting bioactivity, as assessed by STAT1 and IFN-γ reporter genes. Moreover, enhanced antitumor effects and significantly higher accumulation of natural killer T (NKT) and CD8 effector cells in the tumors were observed. These results support a novel IL-27-based targeting strategy that is promising since it shows improved therapeutic efficacy while utilizing simple and effective sonodelivery methods.
Collapse
|
59
|
Hussein H, Denanglaire S, Van Gool F, Azouz A, Ajouaou Y, El-Khatib H, Oldenhove G, Leo O, Andris F. Multiple Environmental Signaling Pathways Control the Differentiation of RORγt-Expressing Regulatory T Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3007. [PMID: 31998303 PMCID: PMC6961548 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
RORγt-expressing Tregs form a specialized subset of intestinal CD4+ Foxp3+ cells which is essential to maintain gut homeostasis and tolerance to commensal microbiota. Recently, c-Maf emerged as a critical factor in the regulation of RORγt expression in Tregs. However, aside from c-Maf signaling, the signaling pathways involved in the differentiation of RORγt+ Tregs and their possible interplay with c-Maf in this process are largely unknown. We show that RORγt+ Treg development is controled by positive as well as negative signals. Along with c-Maf signaling, signals derived from a complex microbiota, as well as IL-6/STAT3- and TGF-β-derived signals act in favor of RORγt+ Treg development. Ectopic expression of c-Maf did not rescue RORγt expression in STAT3-deficient Tregs, indicating the presence of additional effectors downstream of STAT3. Moreover, we show that an inflammatory IFN-γ/STAT1 signaling pathway acts as a negative regulator of RORγt+ Treg differentiation in a c-Maf independent fashion. These data thus argue for a complex integrative signaling network that finely tunes RORγt expression in Tregs. The finding that type 1 inflammation impedes RORγt+ Treg development even in the presence of an active IL-6/STAT3 pathway further suggests a dominant negative effect of STAT1 over STAT3 in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hind Hussein
- Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Frédéric Van Gool
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Sean N. Parker Autoimmune Research Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Abdulkader Azouz
- Institute for Medical Immunology (IMI), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Yousra Ajouaou
- Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hana El-Khatib
- Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Oldenhove
- Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Oberdan Leo
- Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fabienne Andris
- Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Göschl L, Preglej T, Boucheron N, Saferding V, Müller L, Platzer A, Hirahara K, Shih HY, Backlund J, Matthias P, Niederreiter B, Hladik A, Kugler M, Gualdoni GA, Scheinecker C, Knapp S, Seiser C, Holmdahl R, Tillmann K, Plasenzotti R, Podesser B, Aletaha D, Smolen JS, Karonitsch T, Steiner G, Ellmeier W, Bonelli M. Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1): A key player of T cell-mediated arthritis. J Autoimmun 2019; 108:102379. [PMID: 31883829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) represents a chronic T cell-mediated inflammatory autoimmune disease. Studies have shown that epigenetic mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of RA. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) represent one important group of epigenetic regulators. However, the role of individual HDAC members for the pathogenesis of arthritis is still unknown. In this study we demonstrate that mice with a T cell-specific deletion of HDAC1 (HDAC1-cKO) are resistant to the development of Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), whereas the antibody response to collagen type II was undisturbed, indicating an unaltered T cell-mediated B cell activation. The inflammatory cytokines IL-17 and IL-6 were significantly decreased in sera of HDAC1-cKO mice. IL-6 treated HDAC1-deficient CD4+ T cells showed an impaired upregulation of CCR6. Selective inhibition of class I HDACs with the HDAC inhibitor MS-275 under Th17-skewing conditions inhibited the upregulation of chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) in mouse and human CD4+ T cells. Accordingly, analysis of human RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data and histological analysis of synovial tissue samples from human RA patients revealed the existence of CD4+CCR6+ cells with enhanced HDAC1 expression. Our data indicate a key role for HDAC1 for the pathogenesis of CIA and suggest that HDAC1 and other class I HDACs might be promising targets of selective HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) for the treatment of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Göschl
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Teresa Preglej
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Boucheron
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Saferding
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lena Müller
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Platzer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan; AMED-PRIME, AMED, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Han-Yu Shih
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Johan Backlund
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrick Matthias
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058, Basel, Switzerland; Faculty of Sciences, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Birgit Niederreiter
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anastasiya Hladik
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (CeMM), Vienna, Austria; Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian Kugler
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Guido A Gualdoni
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Scheinecker
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylvia Knapp
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (CeMM), Vienna, Austria; Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Seiser
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katharina Tillmann
- Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roberto Plasenzotti
- Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno Podesser
- Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Aletaha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef S Smolen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Karonitsch
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Günter Steiner
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Bonelli
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Ciecko AE, Foda B, Barr JY, Ramanathan S, Atkinson MA, Serreze DV, Geurts AM, Lieberman SM, Chen YG. Interleukin-27 Is Essential for Type 1 Diabetes Development and Sjögren Syndrome-like Inflammation. Cell Rep 2019; 29:3073-3086.e5. [PMID: 31801074 PMCID: PMC6914223 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human genetic studies implicate interleukin-27 (IL-27) in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D), but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. To further define the role of IL-27 in T1D, we generated non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice deficient in IL-27 or IL-27Rα. In contrast to wild-type NOD mice, both NOD.Il27-/- and NOD.Il27ra-/- strains are completely resistant to T1D. IL-27 from myeloid cells and IL-27 signaling in T cells are critical for T1D development. IL-27 directly alters the balance of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper 1 (Th1) cells in pancreatic islets, which in turn modulates the diabetogenic activity of CD8 T cells. IL-27 also directly enhances the effector function of CD8 T cells within pancreatic islets. In addition to T1D, IL-27 signaling in T cells is also required for lacrimal and salivary gland inflammation in NOD mice. Our study reveals that IL-27 contributes to autoimmunity in NOD mice through multiple mechanisms and provides substantial evidence to support its pathogenic role in human T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E Ciecko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Bardees Foda
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Max McGee National Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Enzymology, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Jennifer Y Barr
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52240, USA
| | - Sheela Ramanathan
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Mark A Atkinson
- Departments of Pediatrics, and Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - David V Serreze
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Aron M Geurts
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Scott M Lieberman
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52240, USA
| | - Yi-Guang Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Max McGee National Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Huang Z, Zak J, Pratumchai I, Shaabani N, Vartabedian VF, Nguyen N, Wu T, Xiao C, Teijaro JR. IL-27 promotes the expansion of self-renewing CD8 + T cells in persistent viral infection. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1791-1808. [PMID: 31164392 PMCID: PMC6683984 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCR5+ TCF1+ CD8+ T cells sustain responses during persistent viral infection and mediate the proliferative burst following anti-PD1 treatment. Huang et al. show that IL-27 supports rapid division of these cells by competing with type 1 interferon for STAT1, driving IRF1 expression and preventing cell death. Chronic infection and cancer are associated with suppressed T cell responses in the presence of cognate antigen. Recent work identified memory-like CXCR5+ TCF1+ CD8+ T cells that sustain T cell responses during persistent infection and proliferate upon anti-PD1 treatment. Approaches to expand these cells are sought. We show that blockade of interferon type 1 (IFN-I) receptor leads to CXCR5+ CD8+ T cell expansion in an IL-27– and STAT1-dependent manner. IFNAR1 blockade promoted accelerated cell division and retention of TCF1 in virus-specific CD8+ T cells. We found that CD8+ T cell–intrinsic IL-27 signaling safeguards the ability of TCF1hi cells to maintain proliferation and avoid terminal differentiation or programmed cell death. Mechanistically, IL-27 endowed rapidly dividing cells with IRF1, a transcription factor that was required for sustained division in a cell-intrinsic manner. These findings reveal that IL-27 opposes IFN-I to uncouple effector differentiation from cell division and suggest that IL-27 signaling could be exploited to augment self-renewing T cells in chronic infections and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Huang
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jaroslav Zak
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Isaraphorn Pratumchai
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA.,Department of Chemical Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Namir Shaabani
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Vincent F Vartabedian
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Nhan Nguyen
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Tuoqi Wu
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Changchun Xiao
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - John R Teijaro
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Abstract
Cytokines are secreted or otherwise released polypeptide factors that exert autocrine and/or paracrine actions, with most cytokines acting in the immune and/or hematopoietic system. They are typically pleiotropic, controlling development, cell growth, survival, and/or differentiation. Correspondingly, cytokines are clinically important, and augmenting or attenuating cytokine signals can have deleterious or therapeutic effects. Besides physiological fine-tuning of cytokine signals, altering the nature or potency of the signal can be important in pathophysiological responses and can also provide novel therapeutic approaches. Here, we give an overview of cytokines, their signaling and actions, and the physiological mechanisms and pharmacologic strategies to fine-tune their actions. In particular, the differential utilization of STAT proteins by a single cytokine or by different cytokines and STAT dimerization versus tetramerization are physiological mechanisms of fine-tuning, whereas anticytokine and anticytokine receptor antibodies and cytokines with altered activities, including cytokine superagonists, partial agonists, and antagonists, represent new ways of fine-tuning cytokine signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1674, USA; ,
| | - Warren J Leonard
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1674, USA; ,
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Tait Wojno ED, Hunter CA, Stumhofer JS. The Immunobiology of the Interleukin-12 Family: Room for Discovery. Immunity 2019; 50:851-870. [PMID: 30995503 PMCID: PMC6472917 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of interleukin (IL)-6 and its receptor subunits provided a foundation to understand the biology of a group of related cytokines: IL-12, IL-23, and IL-27. These family members utilize shared receptors and cytokine subunits and influence the outcome of cancer, infection, and inflammatory diseases. Consequently, many facets of their biology are being therapeutically targeted. Here, we review the landmark discoveries in this field, the combinatorial biology inherent to this family, and how patient datasets have underscored the critical role of these pathways in human disease. We present significant knowledge gaps, including how similar signals from these cytokines can mediate distinct outcomes, and discuss how a better understanding of the biology of the IL-12 family provides new therapeutic opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elia D Tait Wojno
- Baker Institute for Animal Health and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, 235 Hungerford Hill Rd., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Christopher A Hunter
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 380 South University Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19104-4539, USA.
| | - Jason S Stumhofer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St., Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Activation of naïve CD4 + T cells re-tunes STAT1 signaling to deliver unique cytokine responses in memory CD4 + T cells. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:458-470. [PMID: 30890796 PMCID: PMC7610646 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0350-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The cytokine IL-6 controls the survival, proliferation and effector characteristics of lymphocytes through activation of the transcription factors STAT1 and STAT3. While STAT3 activity is an ever-present feature of IL-6 signaling in CD4+ T cells, prior T-cell receptor activation limits the IL-6 control of STAT1 in effector and memory populations. Here we show that STAT1 phosphorylation in response to IL-6 was regulated by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPN2, PTPN22) expressed in response to the activation of naïve CD4+ T cells. Transcriptomic and chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing of IL-6 responses in naïve and effector memory CD4+ T cells showed how the suppression of STAT1 activation shaped the functional identity and effector characteristics of memory CD4+ T cells. Thus, protein tyrosine phosphatases induced by activation of naïve T cells determined the way activated or memory CD4+ T cells sensed and interpreted cytokine signals.
Collapse
|
66
|
Henriksson J, Chen X, Gomes T, Ullah U, Meyer KB, Miragaia R, Duddy G, Pramanik J, Yusa K, Lahesmaa R, Teichmann SA. Genome-wide CRISPR Screens in T Helper Cells Reveal Pervasive Crosstalk between Activation and Differentiation. Cell 2019; 176:882-896.e18. [PMID: 30639098 PMCID: PMC6370901 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
T helper type 2 (Th2) cells are important regulators of mammalian adaptive immunity and have relevance for infection, autoimmunity, and tumor immunology. Using a newly developed, genome-wide retroviral CRISPR knockout (KO) library, combined with RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, and ChIP-seq, we have dissected the regulatory circuitry governing activation and differentiation of these cells. Our experiments distinguish cell activation versus differentiation in a quantitative framework. We demonstrate that these two processes are tightly coupled and are jointly controlled by many transcription factors, metabolic genes, and cytokine/receptor pairs. There are only a small number of genes regulating differentiation without any role in activation. By combining biochemical and genetic data, we provide an atlas for Th2 differentiation, validating known regulators and identifying factors, such as Pparg and Bhlhe40, as part of the core regulatory network governing Th2 helper cell fates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johan Henriksson
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Hälsovägen 7, Novum, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Xi Chen
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Tomás Gomes
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Ubaid Ullah
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6 FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Kerstin B Meyer
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Ricardo Miragaia
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Graham Duddy
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Jhuma Pramanik
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Kosuke Yusa
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Riitta Lahesmaa
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6 FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK; EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK; Theory of Condensed Matter, Cavendish Laboratory, 19 JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy Induces Dynamic Changes in PD-1 -CD8 + Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells. Immunity 2019; 50:181-194.e6. [PMID: 30635236 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An improved understanding of the anti-tumor CD8+ T cell response after checkpoint blockade would enable more informed and effective therapeutic strategies. Here we examined the dynamics of the effector response of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) after checkpoint blockade therapy. Bulk and single-cell RNA profiles of CD8+ TILs after combined Tim-3+PD-1 blockade in preclinical models revealed significant changes in the transcriptional profile of PD-1- TILs. These cells could be divided into subsets bearing characterstics of naive-, effector-, and memory-precursor-like cells. Effector- and memory-precursor-like TILs contained tumor-antigen-specific cells, exhibited proliferative and effector capacity, and expanded in response to different checkpoint blockade therapies across different tumor models. The memory-precursor-like subset shared features with CD8+ T cells associated with response to checkpoint blockade in patients and was compromised in the absence of Tcf7. Expression of Tcf7/Tcf1 was requisite for the efficacy of diverse immunotherapies, highlighting the importance of this transcriptional regulator in the development of effective CD8+ T cell responses upon immunotherapy.
Collapse
|
68
|
Meyer Zu Horste G, Przybylski D, Schramm MA, Wang C, Schnell A, Lee Y, Sobel R, Regev A, Kuchroo VK. Fas Promotes T Helper 17 Cell Differentiation and Inhibits T Helper 1 Cell Development by Binding and Sequestering Transcription Factor STAT1. Immunity 2018; 48:556-569.e7. [PMID: 29562202 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The death receptor Fas removes activated lymphocytes through apoptosis. Previous transcriptional profiling predicted that Fas positively regulates interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing T helper 17 (Th17) cells. Here, we demonstrate that Fas promoted the generation and stability of Th17 cells and prevented their differentiation into Th1 cells. Mice with T-cell- and Th17-cell-specific deletion of Fas were protected from induced autoimmunity, and Th17 cell differentiation and stability were impaired. Fas-deficient Th17 cells instead developed a Th1-cell-like transcriptional profile, which a new algorithm predicted to depend on STAT1. Experimentally, Fas indeed bound and sequestered STAT1, and Fas deficiency enhanced IL-6-induced STAT1 activation and nuclear translocation, whereas deficiency of STAT1 reversed the transcriptional changes induced by Fas deficiency. Thus, our computational and experimental approach identified Fas as a regulator of the Th17-to-Th1 cell balance by controlling the availability of opposing STAT1 and STAT3 to have a direct impact on autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Meyer Zu Horste
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Markus A Schramm
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra Schnell
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Youjin Lee
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raymond Sobel
- Palo Alto Veteran's Administration Health Care System and Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aviv Regev
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Jones SA, Jenkins BJ. Recent insights into targeting the IL-6 cytokine family in inflammatory diseases and cancer. Nat Rev Immunol 2018; 18:773-789. [DOI: 10.1038/s41577-018-0066-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
70
|
Carrero JA, Benshoff ND, Nalley K, Unanue ER. Type I and II Interferon Receptors Differentially Regulate Type 1 Diabetes Susceptibility in Male Versus Female NOD Mice. Diabetes 2018; 67:1830-1835. [PMID: 30084830 PMCID: PMC6110319 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The role of interferons, either pathogenic or protective, during autoimmune diabetes remains controversial. Herein, we examine the progression of diabetes in NOD mice lacking the type I (IFNAR) or type II (IFNGR) interferon receptor and, for the first time, in mice deficient in both receptors (double knockout [DKO]). All mice were bred, maintained, and monitored in a single specific pathogen-free facility with high female and low male diabetes incidence. Our expectation was that removal of interferon signaling would reduce autoimmune destruction. However, examination of diabetes incidence in the IFNAR- and IFNGR-deficient NOD mice showed a reduction in females and an increase in males. In DKO mice, diabetes occurred only in female mice, at decreased incidence and with delayed kinetics. These results show that interferons act as both positive and negative modulators of type 1 diabetes disease risk dependent on sex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier A Carrero
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nicholas D Benshoff
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Kimberly Nalley
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Emil R Unanue
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Deciphering T Cell Immunometabolism with Activity-Based Protein Profiling. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2018; 420:175-210. [PMID: 30128827 DOI: 10.1007/82_2018_124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
As a major sentinel of adaptive immunity, T cells seek and destroy diseased cells using antigen recognition to achieve molecular specificity. Strategies to block checkpoint inhibition of T cell activity and thus reawaken the patient's antitumor immune responses are rapidly becoming standard of care for treatment of diverse cancers. Adoptive transfer of patient T cells genetically engineered with tumor-targeting capabilities is redefining the field of personalized medicines. The diverse opportunities for exploiting T cell biology in the clinic have prompted new efforts to expand the scope of targets amenable to immuno-oncology. Given the complex spatiotemporal regulation of T cell function and fate, new technologies capable of global molecular profiling in vivo are needed to guide selection of appropriate T cell targets and subsets. In this chapter, we describe the use of activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) to illuminate different aspects of T cell metabolism and signaling as fertile starting points for investigation. We highlight the merits of ABPP methods to enable target, inhibitor, and biochemical pathway discovery of T cells in the burgeoning field of immuno-oncology.
Collapse
|
72
|
Orzalli MH, Smith A, Jurado KA, Iwasaki A, Garlick JA, Kagan JC. An Antiviral Branch of the IL-1 Signaling Pathway Restricts Immune-Evasive Virus Replication. Mol Cell 2018; 71:825-840.e6. [PMID: 30100266 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Virulent pathogens often cause the release of host-derived damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from infected cells. During encounters with immune-evasive viruses that block inflammatory gene expression, preformed DAMPs provide backup inflammatory signals that ensure protective immunity. Whether DAMPs exhibit additional backup defense activities is unknown. Herein, we report that viral infection of barrier epithelia (keratinocytes) elicits the release of preformed interleukin-1 (IL-1) family cytokines, including the DAMP IL-1α. Mechanistic studies revealed that IL-1 acts on skin fibroblasts to induce an interferon (IFN)-like state that restricts viral replication. We identified a branch in the IL-1 signaling pathway that induces IFN-stimulated gene expression in infected cells and found that IL-1 signaling is necessary to restrict viral replication in human skin explants. These activities are most important to control immune-evasive virus replication in fibroblasts and other barrier cell types. These findings highlight IL-1 as an important backup antiviral system to ensure barrier defense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan H Orzalli
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Avi Smith
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 1 Kneeland Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Kellie A Jurado
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Akiko Iwasaki
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Jonathan A Garlick
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 1 Kneeland Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA; Sackler Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Jonathan C Kagan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Rolvering C, Zimmer AD, Ginolhac A, Margue C, Kirchmeyer M, Servais F, Hermanns HM, Hergovits S, Nazarov PV, Nicot N, Kreis S, Haan S, Behrmann I, Haan C. The PD-L1- and IL6-mediated dampening of the IL27/STAT1 anticancer responses are prevented by α-PD-L1 or α-IL6 antibodies. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:969-985. [PMID: 30040142 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.ma1217-495r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-27 (IL27) is a type-I cytokine of the IL6/IL12 family and is predominantly secreted by activated macrophages and dendritic cells. We show that IL27 induces STAT factor phosphorylation in cancerous cell lines of different tissue origin. IL27 leads to STAT1 phosphorylation and recapitulates an IFN-γ-like response in the microarray analyses, with up-regulation of genes involved in antiviral defense, antigen presentation, and immune suppression. Like IFN-γ, IL27 leads to an up-regulation of TAP2 and MHC-I proteins, which mediate increased tumor immune clearance. However, both cytokines also upregulate proteins such as PD-L1 (CD274) and IDO-1, which are associated with immune escape of cancer. Interestingly, differential expression of these genes was observed within the different cell lines and when comparing IL27 to IFN-γ. In coculture experiments of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells with peripheral blood mononuclear cells, pre-treatment of the HCC cells with IL27 resulted in lowered IL2 production by anti-CD3/-CD28 activated T-lymphocytes. Addition of anti-PD-L1 antibody, however, restored IL2 secretion. The levels of other TH 1 cytokines were also enhanced or restored upon administration of anti-PD-L1. In addition, we show that the suppression of IL27 signaling by IL6-type cytokine pre-stimulation-mimicking a situation occurring, for example, in IL6-secreting tumors or in tumor inflammation-induced cachexia-can be antagonized by antibodies against IL6-type cytokines or their receptors. Therapeutically, the antitumor effects of IL27 (mediated, e.g., by increased antigen presentation) might thus be increased by combining IL27 with blocking antibodies against PD-L1 or/and IL6-type cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Rolvering
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit-Signal Transduction Laboratory, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Andreas D Zimmer
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit-Signal Transduction Laboratory, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Aurélien Ginolhac
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit-Bioinformatics Core Facility, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Christiane Margue
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit-Signal Transduction Laboratory, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Mélanie Kirchmeyer
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit-Signal Transduction Laboratory, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Florence Servais
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit-Signal Transduction Laboratory, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Heike M Hermanns
- University Hospital Würzburg, Medical Clinic II, Division of Hepatology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Hergovits
- University Hospital Würzburg, Medical Clinic II, Division of Hepatology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Petr V Nazarov
- Proteome and Genome Research Unit, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Nathalie Nicot
- Proteome and Genome Research Unit, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Stephanie Kreis
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit-Signal Transduction Laboratory, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Serge Haan
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit-Molecular Disease Mechanisms Laboratory, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Iris Behrmann
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit-Signal Transduction Laboratory, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Claude Haan
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit-Signal Transduction Laboratory, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Bai L, Fang H, Xia S, Zhang R, Li L, Ochando J, Xu J, Ding Y. STAT1 activation represses IL-22 gene expression and psoriasis pathogenesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:563-569. [PMID: 29750958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
IL-22 plays an important role in tissue repair and inflammatory responses, and is implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, as well as liver and pancreas damage. The molecular mechanisms of its regulation have been actively studied. Here, we show that the differential regulation of IL-22 expression in CD4+ T cells by IL-6 and IL-27 was detected rapidly after stimulation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that both STAT1 and STAT3 directly bind to the STAT responsive elements (SRE) of the IL-22 promoter, and the balance between activated STAT3 and STAT1 determines IL-22 promoter activities. We further show that the heterozygous mutation of the STAT1 gene results in elevated levels of IL-22 production and induces much severer skin inflammation in an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced murine psoriasis model. Together, our results reveal a novel regulatory mechanism of IL-22 expression by STAT1 through directly antagonizing STAT3, and the importance of the balance between STAT3 and STAT1 in IL-22 regulation and psoriasis pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Bai
- Department of Immunology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Huihui Fang
- Department of Immunology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Sisi Xia
- Department of Rheumatology, Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Ruochan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Liwu Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Jordi Ochando
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10129, USA; Immunología de Transplantes, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jiangnan Xu
- Department of Immunology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Yaozhong Ding
- Department of Immunology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Thompson A, Orr SJ. Emerging IL-12 family cytokines in the fight against fungal infections. Cytokine 2018; 111:398-407. [PMID: 29793796 PMCID: PMC6299256 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
IL-12 and IL-23 have established roles during anti-fungal immunity. IL-27 promotes regulatory effector responses during fungal infections. IL-35 drives T cell differentiation to produce anti-inflammatory responses. Increasing evidence for IL-12 family cytokines in maintaining anti-fungal immune homeostasis.
Invasive fungal infections cause approximately 1.5 million deaths per year worldwide and are a growing threat to human health. Current anti-fungal therapies are often insufficient, therefore studies into host-pathogen interactions are critical for the development of novel therapies to improve mortality rates. Myeloid cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, express pattern recognition receptor (PRRs), which are important for fungal recognition. Engagement of these PRRs by fungal pathogens induces multiple cytokines, which in turn activate T effector responses. Interleukin (IL)-12 family members (IL-12p70, IL-23, IL-27 and IL-35) link innate immunity with the development of adaptive immunity and are also important for regulating T cell responses. IL-12 and IL-23 have established roles during anti-fungal immunity, whereas emerging roles for IL-27 and IL-35 have recently been reported. Here, we discuss the IL-12 family, focusing on IL-27 and IL-35 during anti-fungal immune responses to pathogens such as Candida and Aspergillus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aiysha Thompson
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Selinda J Orr
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Holz K, Prinz M, Brendecke SM, Hölscher A, Deng F, Mitrücker HW, Rose-John S, Hölscher C. Differing Outcome of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalitis in Macrophage/Neutrophil- and T Cell-Specific gp130-Deficient Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 9:836. [PMID: 29770132 PMCID: PMC5940746 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
gp130 cytokines are differentially involved in regulating the T helper (H) 17-driven pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of human multiple sclerosis. Interleukin (IL)-6 directly promotes the development of TH17 cells through the gp130/IL-6R complex. By contrast, IL-27 has been shown to suppress a TH17 immune response by gp130/IL-27R-alpha (α) receptor ligation. The IL-27-dependent regulation of a TH17 development could be mediated on the level of CD4 T cells. However, because IL-27 also suppresses the secretion of the TH17-driving cytokines IL-6 and IL-12/23p40 in accessory cells, TH17 immune responses may also be controlled by IL-27 on the level of macrophages and/or neutrophils. To analyze these opposing effects of gp130 engagement on the pathogenesis of EAE, we immunized CD4+ T cell-specific gp130-deficient (CD4creposgp130loxP/loxP) and macrophage/neutrophil-specific gp130-deficient (LysMcreposgp130loxP/loxP) mice with the myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein peptide MOG35-55. Whereas inflammatory immune responses, TH17 differentiation, and pathology in CD4creposgp130loxP/loxP mice were mitigated, disease progression was eventually enhanced in LysMcreposgp130loxP/loxP mice. Exacerbated disease in MOG35-55-immunized LysMcreposgp130loxP/loxP mice was associated with an elevated development of TH17 cells and increased infiltration of the central nervous system with leukocytes indicating a suppressive role of macrophage/neutrophil-gp130. To further prove IL-6 to be responsible for the control of inflammation during EAE through gp130 on macrophages/neutrophils, we immunized LysMcreposIL-6RloxP/loxP mice. In contrast to LysMcreposgp130loxP/loxP mice, neuropathology in MOG35-55-immunized macrophage/neutrophil-specific IL-6R-deficient mice was not enhanced indicating that the alleviation of EAE through macrophage/neutrophil-gp130 is mediated independently of IL-6. Together, this different pathology in macrophage/neutrophil- and CD4 T cell-specific gp130-deficient mice suggests that gp130 cytokines modulate TH17 inflammation differentially by targeting distinct cell types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Holz
- Division of Infection Immunology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Center for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Brendecke
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Hölscher
- Division of Infection Immunology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Fengyuan Deng
- Division of Infection Immunology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Hans-Willi Mitrücker
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Department of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Inflammation-at-Interfaces, Borstel-Kiel-Lübeck-Plön, Germany
| | - Christoph Hölscher
- Division of Infection Immunology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Inflammation-at-Interfaces, Borstel-Kiel-Lübeck-Plön, Germany.,Priority Area Infection, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Sampath SC, Sampath SC, Ho ATV, Corbel SY, Millstone JD, Lamb J, Walker J, Kinzel B, Schmedt C, Blau HM. Induction of muscle stem cell quiescence by the secreted niche factor Oncostatin M. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1531. [PMID: 29670077 PMCID: PMC5906564 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03876-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between stem cell quiescence and proliferation in skeletal muscle is tightly controlled, but perturbed in a variety of disease states. Despite progress in identifying activators of stem cell proliferation, the niche factor(s) responsible for quiescence induction remain unclear. Here we report an in vivo imaging-based screen which identifies Oncostatin M (OSM), a member of the interleukin-6 family of cytokines, as a potent inducer of muscle stem cell (MuSC, satellite cell) quiescence. OSM is produced by muscle fibers, induces reversible MuSC cell cycle exit, and maintains stem cell regenerative capacity as judged by serial transplantation. Conditional OSM receptor deletion in satellite cells leads to stem cell depletion and impaired regeneration following injury. These results identify Oncostatin M as a secreted niche factor responsible for quiescence induction, and for the first time establish a direct connection between induction of quiescence, stemness, and transplantation potential in solid organ stem cells. The factors that mediate quiescence of muscle stem cells are unknown. The authors show that Oncostatin M is produced by skeletal muscle, suppresses stem cell proliferation, and that its deletion in muscle results in stem cell depletion and impaired muscle regeneration following injury in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinath C Sampath
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA. .,Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, 92103, USA.
| | - Srihari C Sampath
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.,Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, 92103, USA
| | - Andrew T V Ho
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Stéphane Y Corbel
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Joshua D Millstone
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - John Lamb
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - John Walker
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Bernd Kinzel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schmedt
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Helen M Blau
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
The ratio of STAT1 to STAT3 expression is a determinant of colorectal cancer growth. Oncotarget 2018; 7:51096-51106. [PMID: 27191495 PMCID: PMC5239461 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of STAT1 and STAT3 for colorectal carcinoma (CRC) development and progression is controversial. We evaluated 414 CRC patient samples on tissue microarrays for differential expression of STAT1 and STAT3 protein levels and correlated ratios with clinical parameters. Concomitant absence of nuclear STAT1 and STAT3 expression was associated with significantly reduced median survival by ≥33 months (p=0.003). To gain insight into underlying mechanisms, we generated four CRC cell lines with STAT3 knockdown. The cell lines harbor different known mutational drivers and were xenografted into SCID mice to analyze the influence of STAT3 on their tumor growth behavior. Experimental downregulation of STAT3 expression had differential, cell-line specific effects on STAT1 expression levels. STAT1 consistently showed nuclear localization irrespective of its tyrosine phosphorylation status. Two characteristic STAT1/3 expression patterns with opposite growth behavior could be distinguished: cell lines with a low STAT1/high STAT3 ratio showed faster tumor growth in xenografts. In contrast, xenografts of cell lines showing high STAT1 and low STAT3 levels grew slower. Importantly, these ratios reflected clinical outcome in CRC patients as well. We conclude that the ratio of STAT1 to STAT3 expression is a key determinant of CRC progression and that STAT1 counteracts pro-tumorigenic STAT3 signaling. Thus, we suggest that the STAT3/STAT1 ratios are better clinical predictors in CRC as compared to STAT3 or STAT1 levels alone.
Collapse
|
79
|
Hundhausen C, Roth A, Whalen E, Chen J, Schneider A, Long SA, Wei S, Rawlings R, Kinsman M, Evanko SP, Wight TN, Greenbaum CJ, Cerosaletti K, Buckner JH. Enhanced T cell responses to IL-6 in type 1 diabetes are associated with early clinical disease and increased IL-6 receptor expression. Sci Transl Med 2017; 8:356ra119. [PMID: 27629486 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aad9943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key pathogenic cytokine in multiple autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, suggesting that dysregulation of the IL-6 pathway may be a common feature of autoimmunity. The role of IL-6 in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is not well understood. We show that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and STAT1 responses to IL-6 are significantly enhanced in CD4 and CD8 T cells from individuals with T1D compared to healthy controls. The effect is IL-6-specific because it is not seen with IL-10 or IL-27 stimulation, two cytokines that signal via STAT3. An important determinant of enhanced IL-6 responsiveness in T1D is IL-6 receptor surface expression, which correlated with phospho-STAT3 levels. Further, reduced expression of the IL-6R sheddase ADAM17 in T cells from patients indicated a mechanistic link to enhanced IL-6 responses in T1D. IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation was inversely correlated with time from diagnosis, suggesting that dysregulation of IL-6 signaling may be a marker of early disease. Finally, whole-transcriptome analysis of IL-6-stimulated CD4(+) T cells from patients revealed previously unreported IL-6 targets involved in T cell migration and inflammation, including lymph node homing markers CCR7 and L-selectin. In summary, our study demonstrates enhanced T cell responses to IL-6 in T1D due, in part, to an increase in IL-6R surface expression. Dysregulated IL-6 responsiveness may contribute to diabetes through multiple mechanisms including altered T cell trafficking and indicates that individuals with T1D may benefit from IL-6-targeted therapeutic intervention such as the one that is being currently tested (NCT02293837).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hundhausen
- Translational Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Alena Roth
- Translational Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Whalen
- Translational Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Janice Chen
- Translational Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Anya Schneider
- Translational Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. Neurological Clinic and Clinical Neurophysiology, Central Clinic Augsburg, Stenglinstrasse 2, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - S Alice Long
- Translational Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Shan Wei
- Translational Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Rebecca Rawlings
- Translational Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - MacKenzie Kinsman
- Translational Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Stephen P Evanko
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Thomas N Wight
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Carla J Greenbaum
- Diabetes Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Karen Cerosaletti
- Translational Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Jane H Buckner
- Translational Research Program, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Pike KA, Hatzihristidis T, Bussières-Marmen S, Robert F, Desai N, Miranda-Saavedra D, Pelletier J, Tremblay ML. TC-PTP regulates the IL-7 transcriptional response during murine early T cell development. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13275. [PMID: 29038451 PMCID: PMC5643372 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13673-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines play a critical role in directing the discrete and gradual transcriptional changes that define T cell development. The interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R), via its activation of the JAK-STAT pathway, promotes gene programs that change dynamically as cells progress through T cell differentiation. The molecular mechanism(s) directing differential gene expression downstream of the IL-7R are not fully elucidated. Here, we have identified T cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TC-PTP), also known as PTPN2, as a negative regulator of IL-7R-STAT signaling in T cell progenitors, contributing to both the quantitative and qualitative nature of STAT-gene targeting. Novel genetic strategies used to modulate TC-PTP expression demonstrate that depletion of TC-PTP expression heightens the phosphorylation of STAT family members, causing aberrant expression of an interferon-response gene profile. Such molecular re-programming results in deregulation of early development checkpoints culminating in inefficient differentiation of CD4+CD8+ double positive cells. TC-PTP is therefore shown to be required to safeguard the dynamic transcriptome necessary for efficient T cell differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Pike
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - T Hatzihristidis
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - S Bussières-Marmen
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - F Robert
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - N Desai
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - D Miranda-Saavedra
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Wolfson Building Parks Road, OXFORD, OX1 3QD, UK
| | - J Pelletier
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - M L Tremblay
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada. .,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Göschl L, Preglej T, Hamminger P, Bonelli M, Andersen L, Boucheron N, Gülich AF, Müller L, Saferding V, Mufazalov IA, Hirahara K, Seiser C, Matthias P, Penz T, Schuster M, Bock C, Waisman A, Steiner G, Ellmeier W. A T cell-specific deletion of HDAC1 protects against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Autoimmun 2017; 86:51-61. [PMID: 28964722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a human neurodegenerative disease characterized by the invasion of autoreactive T cells from the periphery into the CNS. Application of pan-histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for MS, suggesting that HDACi might be a potential therapeutic strategy for MS. However, the function of individual HDAC members in the pathogenesis of EAE is not known. In this study we report that mice with a T cell-specific deletion of HDAC1 (using the Cd4-Cre deleter strain; HDAC1-cKO) were completely resistant to EAE despite the ability of HDAC1cKO CD4+ T cells to differentiate into Th17 cells. RNA sequencing revealed STAT1 as a prominent upstream regulator of differentially expressed genes in activated HDAC1-cKO CD4+ T cells and this was accompanied by a strong increase in phosphorylated STAT1 (pSTAT1). This suggests that HDAC1 controls STAT1 activity in activated CD4+ T cells. Increased pSTAT1 levels correlated with a reduced expression of the chemokine receptors Ccr4 and Ccr6, which are important for the migration of T cells into the CNS. Finally, EAE susceptibility was restored in WT:HDAC1-cKO mixed BM chimeric mice, indicating a cell-autonomous defect. Our data demonstrate a novel pathophysiological role for HDAC1 in EAE and provide evidence that selective inhibition of HDAC1 might be a promising strategy for the treatment of MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Göschl
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Teresa Preglej
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Patricia Hamminger
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Bonelli
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Liisa Andersen
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Boucheron
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra F Gülich
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lena Müller
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Saferding
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ilgiz A Mufazalov
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; AMED-PRIME, AMED, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Christian Seiser
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Matthias
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; Faculty of Sciences, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Penz
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Schuster
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Max Planck Institute for Informatics, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Günter Steiner
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Roewe J, Higer M, Riehl DR, Gericke A, Radsak MP, Bosmann M. Neuroendocrine Modulation of IL-27 in Macrophages. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:2503-2514. [PMID: 28835457 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Heterodimeric IL-27 (p28/EBV-induced gene 3) is an important member of the IL-6/IL-12 cytokine family. IL-27 is predominantly synthesized by mononuclear phagocytes and exerts immunoregulatory functional activities on lymphocytic and nonlymphocytic cells during infection, autoimmunity or neoplasms. There is a great body of evidence on the bidirectional interplay between the autonomic nervous system and immune responses during inflammatory disorders, but so far IL-27 has not been defined as a part of these multifaceted neuroendocrine networks. In this study, we describe the role of catecholamines (as mediators of the sympathetic nervous system) related to IL-27 production in primary mouse macrophages. Noradrenaline and adrenaline dose-dependently suppressed the release of IL-27p28 in LPS/TLR4-activated macrophages, which was independent of α1 adrenoceptors. Instead, β2 adrenoceptor activation was responsible for mediating gene silencing of IL-27p28 and EBV-induced gene 3. The β2 adrenoceptor agonists formoterol and salbutamol mediated suppression of IL-27p28 production, when triggered by zymosan/TLR2, LPS/TLR4, or R848/TLR7/8 activation, but selectively spared the polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid/TLR3 pathway. Mechanistically, β2 adrenergic signaling reinforced an autocrine feedback loop of macrophage-derived IL-10 and this synergized with inhibition of the JNK pathway for limiting IL-27p28. The JNK inhibitors SP600125 and AEG3482 strongly decreased intracellular IL-27p28 in F4/80+CD11b+ macrophages. In endotoxic shock of C57BL/6J mice, pharmacologic activation of β2 adrenoceptors improved the severity of shock, including hypothermia and decreased circulating IL-27p28. Conversely, IL-27p28 was 2.7-fold increased by removal of the catecholamine-producing adrenal glands prior to endotoxic shock. These data suggest a novel role of the sympathetic neuroendocrine system for the modulation of IL-27-dependent acute inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Roewe
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Maximilian Higer
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dennis R Riehl
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Adrian Gericke
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; and
| | - Markus P Radsak
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus Bosmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Welsch K, Holstein J, Laurence A, Ghoreschi K. Targeting JAK/STAT signalling in inflammatory skin diseases with small molecule inhibitors. Eur J Immunol 2017; 47:1096-1107. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Welsch
- Department of Dermatology; University Medical Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen; Germany
| | - Julia Holstein
- Department of Dermatology; University Medical Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen; Germany
| | - Arian Laurence
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, Northern Centre for Cancer Care; Newcastle University; UK
| | - Kamran Ghoreschi
- Department of Dermatology; University Medical Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen; Germany
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Mechanisms and consequences of Jak-STAT signaling in the immune system. Nat Immunol 2017; 18:374-384. [PMID: 28323260 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 744] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Kinases of the Jak ('Janus kinase') family and transcription factors (TFs) of the STAT ('signal transducer and activator of transcription') family constitute a rapid membrane-to-nucleus signaling module that affects every aspect of the mammalian immune system. Research on this paradigmatic pathway has experienced breakneck growth in the quarter century since its discovery and has yielded a stream of basic and clinical insights that have profoundly influenced modern understanding of human health and disease, exemplified by the bench-to-bedside success of Jak inhibitors ('jakinibs') and pathway-targeting drugs. Here we review recent advances in Jak-STAT biology, focusing on immune cell function, disease etiology and therapeutic intervention, as well as broader principles of gene regulation and signal-dependent TFs.
Collapse
|
85
|
Iwata S, Mikami Y, Sun HW, Brooks SR, Jankovic D, Hirahara K, Onodera A, Shih HY, Kawabe T, Jiang K, Nakayama T, Sher A, O'Shea JJ, Davis FP, Kanno Y. The Transcription Factor T-bet Limits Amplification of Type I IFN Transcriptome and Circuitry in T Helper 1 Cells. Immunity 2017. [PMID: 28623086 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Host defense requires the specification of CD4+ helper T (Th) cells into distinct fates, including Th1 cells that preferentially produce interferon-γ (IFN-γ). IFN-γ, a member of a large family of anti-pathogenic and anti-tumor IFNs, induces T-bet, a lineage-defining transcription factor for Th1 cells, which in turn supports IFN-γ production in a feed-forward manner. Herein, we show that a cell-intrinsic role of T-bet influences how T cells perceive their secreted product in the environment. In the absence of T-bet, IFN-γ aberrantly induced a type I IFN transcriptomic program. T-bet preferentially repressed genes and pathways ordinarily activated by type I IFNs to ensure that its transcriptional response did not evoke an aberrant amplification of type I IFN signaling circuitry, otherwise triggered by its own product. Thus, in addition to promoting Th1 effector commitment, T-bet acts as a repressor in differentiated Th1 cells to prevent abberant autocrine type I IFN and downstream signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Iwata
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yohei Mikami
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hong-Wei Sun
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stephen R Brooks
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dragana Jankovic
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Atsushi Onodera
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Han-Yu Shih
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Takeshi Kawabe
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Cytokine Biology Unit, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kan Jiang
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; AMED-CREST, AMED, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Alan Sher
- Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John J O'Shea
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Fred P Davis
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Yuka Kanno
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Choi J, Fernandez R, Maecker HT, Butte MJ. Systems approach to uncover signaling networks in primary immunodeficiency diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:881-884.e8. [PMID: 28412396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Choi
- School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif
| | | | - Holden T Maecker
- Human Immune Monitoring Core, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif
| | - Manish J Butte
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif.
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
STAT3 Controls the Long-Term Survival and Phenotype of Repair Schwann Cells during Nerve Regeneration. J Neurosci 2017; 37:4255-4269. [PMID: 28320842 PMCID: PMC5413174 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3481-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
After nerve injury, Schwann cells convert to a phenotype specialized to promote repair. But during the slow process of axonal regrowth, these repair Schwann cells gradually lose their regeneration-supportive features and eventually die. Although this is a key reason for the frequent regeneration failures in humans, the transcriptional mechanisms that control long-term survival and phenotype of repair cells have not been studied, and the molecular signaling underlying their decline is obscure. We show, in mice, that Schwann cell STAT3 has a dual role. It supports the long-term survival of repair Schwann cells and is required for the maintenance of repair Schwann cell properties. In contrast, STAT3 is less important for the initial generation of repair Schwann cells after injury. In repair Schwann cells, we find that Schwann cell STAT3 activation by Tyr705 phosphorylation is sustained during long-term denervation. STAT3 is required for maintaining autocrine Schwann cell survival signaling, and inactivation of Schwann cell STAT3 results in a striking loss of repair cells from chronically denervated distal stumps. STAT3 inactivation also results in abnormal morphology of repair cells and regeneration tracks, and failure to sustain expression of repair cell markers, including Shh, GDNF, and BDNF. Because Schwann cell development proceeds normally without STAT3, the function of this factor appears restricted to Schwann cells after injury. This identification of transcriptional mechanisms that support long-term survival and differentiation of repair cells will help identify, and eventually correct, the failures that lead to the deterioration of this important cell population. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Although injured peripheral nerves contain repair Schwann cells that provide signals and spatial clues for promoting regeneration, the clinical outcome after nerve damage is frequently poor. A key reason for this is that, during the slow growth of axons through the proximal parts of injured nerves repair, Schwann cells gradually lose regeneration-supporting features and eventually die. Identification of signals that sustain repair cells is therefore an important goal. We have found that in mice the transcription factor STAT3 protects these cells from death and contributes to maintaining the molecular and morphological repair phenotype that promotes axonal regeneration. Defining the molecular mechanisms that maintain repair Schwann cells is an essential step toward developing therapeutic strategies that improve nerve regeneration and functional recovery.
Collapse
|
88
|
Cheung KL, Zhang F, Jaganathan A, Sharma R, Zhang Q, Konuma T, Shen T, Lee JY, Ren C, Chen CH, Lu G, Olson MR, Zhang W, Kaplan MH, Littman DR, Walsh MJ, Xiong H, Zeng L, Zhou MM. Distinct Roles of Brd2 and Brd4 in Potentiating the Transcriptional Program for Th17 Cell Differentiation. Mol Cell 2017; 65:1068-1080.e5. [PMID: 28262505 PMCID: PMC5357147 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The BET proteins are major transcriptional regulators and have emerged as new drug targets, but their functional distinction has remained elusive. In this study, we report that the BET family members Brd2 and Brd4 exert distinct genomic functions at genes whose transcription they co-regulate during mouse T helper 17 (Th17) cell differentiation. Brd2 is associated with the chromatin insulator CTCF and the cohesin complex to support cis-regulatory enhancer assembly for gene transcriptional activation. In this context, Brd2 binds the transcription factor Stat3 in an acetylation-sensitive manner and facilitates Stat3 recruitment to active enhancers occupied with transcription factors Irf4 and Batf. In parallel, Brd4 temporally controls RNA polymerase II (Pol II) processivity during transcription elongation through cyclin T1 and Cdk9 recruitment and Pol II Ser2 phosphorylation. Collectively, our study uncovers both separate and interdependent Brd2 and Brd4 functions in potentiating the genetic program required for Th17 cell development and adaptive immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ka Lung Cheung
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Anbalagan Jaganathan
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Rajal Sharma
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The First Hospital and Institute of Epigenetic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Tsuyoshi Konuma
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tong Shen
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - June-Yong Lee
- The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Chunyan Ren
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Chih-Hung Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Geming Lu
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Institute of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Matthew R Olson
- Department of Pediatrics and Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mark H Kaplan
- Department of Pediatrics and Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Dan R Littman
- The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Martin J Walsh
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Huabao Xiong
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Institute of Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lei Zeng
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The First Hospital and Institute of Epigenetic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Ming-Ming Zhou
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Lu C, Talukder A, Savage NM, Singh N, Liu K. JAK-STAT-mediated chronic inflammation impairs cytotoxic T lymphocyte activation to decrease anti-PD-1 immunotherapy efficacy in pancreatic cancer. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1291106. [PMID: 28405527 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1291106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pancreatic cancer does not respond to immune check point blockade immunotherapy. One key feature of pancreatic cancer is the association between its progression and chronic inflammation. Emerging evidence supports a key role for the JAK-STAT pathway in pancreatic cancer inflammation. We aimed at testing the hypothesis that sustained JAK-STAT signaling suppresses cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activation to counteract anti-PD-1 immunotherapy-induced CTL activity in pancreatic cancer. We show that human pancreatic carcinomas express high level of PD-L1 and exhibit low level of CTL infiltration. JAK-STAT inhibitor Ruxolitinib selectively inhibits STAT1 and STAT3 activation and increases CTL infiltration to induce a Tc1/Th1 immune response in the tumor microenvironment in an orthotopic pancreatic cancer mouse model. Ruxilitinib-mediated tumor suppressive efficacy diminishes in T-cell-deficient mice. Pancreatic tumor grows significantly faster in IFNγ-deficient mice. However, neutralizing IFNγ does not alter tumor growth but diminishes Ruxolitinib-induced tumor suppression in vivo, indicating that lymphocytes and IFNγ are essential for Ruxolitinib-induced host antitumor immune response. Both type I and type II interferons upregulate PD-L1 expression through the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in mouse pancreatic tumor cells. Tumor cells respond to activated T cells by activating STAT3. The inhibition of STAT3 downregulates immune suppressive cytokines production by tumor cells, resulting in increased T cell activation and effector function. Consequently, Ruxolitinib significantly improves the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Our data demonstrate that Ruxolitinib is effective in the inhibition of systemic inflammation in the tumor microenvironment and therefore upregulates CTL infiltration and activation to overcome pancreatic cancer resistance to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunwan Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA; Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA; Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Asif Talukder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Surgery, Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Nagendra Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA; Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kebin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA; Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA; Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Karwacz K, Miraldi ER, Pokrovskii M, Madi A, Yosef N, Wortman I, Chen X, Watters A, Carriero N, Awasthi A, Regev A, Bonneau R, Littman D, Kuchroo VK. Critical role of IRF1 and BATF in forming chromatin landscape during type 1 regulatory cell differentiation. Nat Immunol 2017; 18:412-421. [PMID: 28166218 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1 cells) are induced by interleukin-27 (IL-27) and have critical roles in the control of autoimmunity and resolution of inflammation. We found that the transcription factors IRF1 and BATF were induced early on after treatment with IL-27 and were required for the differentiation and function of Tr1 cells in vitro and in vivo. Epigenetic and transcriptional analyses revealed that both transcription factors influenced chromatin accessibility and expression of the genes required for Tr1 cell function. IRF1 and BATF deficiencies uniquely altered the chromatin landscape, suggesting that these factors serve a pioneering function during Tr1 cell differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Karwacz
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emily R Miraldi
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, New York, USA.,Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maria Pokrovskii
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Asaf Madi
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nir Yosef
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Ivo Wortman
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aaron Watters
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicholas Carriero
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Center for Human Microbial Ecology, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (an autonomous institute of Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Aviv Regev
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard Bonneau
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dan Littman
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Tabellini G, Vairo D, Scomodon O, Tamassia N, Ferraro RM, Patrizi O, Gasperini S, Soresina A, Giardino G, Pignata C, Lougaris V, Plebani A, Dotta L, Cassatella MA, Parolini S, Badolato R. Impaired natural killer cell functions in patients with signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) gain-of-function mutations. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:553-564.e4. [PMID: 28069426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gain-of-function (GOF) mutations affecting the coiled-coil domain or the DNA-binding domain of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) cause chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis disease. This condition is characterized by fungal and bacterial infections caused by impaired generation of TH17 cells; meanwhile, some patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis disease might also have viral or intracellular pathogen infections. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the effect of STAT1 GOF mutations on the functioning of natural killer (NK) cells. METHODS Because STAT1 is involved in the signaling response to several cytokines, we studied NK cell functional activities and STAT1 signaling in 8 patients with STAT1 GOF mutations. RESULTS Functional analysis of NK cells shows a significant impairment of cytolytic and degranulation activities in patients with STAT1 GOF mutations. Moreover, NK cells from these patients display lower production of IFN-γ in response to IL-15 and reduced proliferation after stimulation with IL-2 or IL-15, suggesting that STAT5 signaling is affected. In addition, signaling studies demonstrate that the increased phosphorylation of STAT1 in response to IFN-α is associated with detectable activation of STAT1 and increased STAT1 binding to the interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1 (IFIT1) promoter in response to IL-15, whereas STAT5 phosphorylation and DNA binding to IL-2 receptor α (IL2RA) are reduced or not affected in response to the same cytokine. CONCLUSION These observations suggest that persistent activation of STAT1 might affect NK cell proliferation and functional activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Tabellini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Donatella Vairo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Institute of Molecular Medicine "Angelo Nocivelli," University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Omar Scomodon
- Institute of Molecular Medicine "Angelo Nocivelli," University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nicola Tamassia
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rosalba Monica Ferraro
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Institute of Molecular Medicine "Angelo Nocivelli," University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ornella Patrizi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Gasperini
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Giuliana Giardino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Pignata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Vassilios Lougaris
- Institute of Molecular Medicine "Angelo Nocivelli," University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Plebani
- Institute of Molecular Medicine "Angelo Nocivelli," University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Dotta
- Institute of Molecular Medicine "Angelo Nocivelli," University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco A Cassatella
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Parolini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Raffaele Badolato
- Institute of Molecular Medicine "Angelo Nocivelli," University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is one of several pro-inflammatory cytokines present at elevated levels in the synovial fluid of individuals with confirmed clinical diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). The mechanism of action of IL-6 was shown to involve its capacity to interact with a membrane-bound IL-6 receptor (mIL-6Rα), also known as the "classical" IL-6 pathway, or through its interaction with a soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) termed the "trans-signaling" pathway. Activation of downstream signaling is transduced via these IL-6 receptors and principally involves the Janus Kinase/Signal Transduction and Activators of Transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway that is further regulated by glycoprotein-130 (gp130) interacting with the IL-6/mIL-6R complex. Phosphorylation of STAT proteins via JAK activation facilitates STAT proteins to act as transcription factors in inflammation. However, the biological function(s) of the sIL-6R in human chondrocytes requires further elucidation, although we previously showed that exogenous sIL-6R significantly suppressed the synthesis of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in the immortalized line of human chondrocytes, C28/I2. NGAL was shown to regulate the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), whose activity is crucial in OA for the destruction of articular cartilage. The "shedding" of sIL-6R from the plasma membrane is carried out by a family of enzymes known as A Distintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM), which are also elevated in OA. In this paper, we have systematically reviewed the role played by IL-6 in OA. We have proposed that sIL-6R may be an important target for future drug development in OA by ameliorating cartilage extracellular protein degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graham Akeson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Charles J. Malemud
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatic Diseases, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Foley Medical Building, 2061 Cornell Road, Room 207, Cleveland, OH 44106-5076, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(216)-844-7846 or +1-(216)-536-1945; Fax: +1-(216)-844-2288
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Rolvering C, Zimmer AD, Kozar I, Hermanns HM, Letellier E, Vallar L, Nazarov PV, Nicot N, Ginolhac A, Haan S, Behrmann I, Haan C. Crosstalk between different family members: IL27 recapitulates IFNγ responses in HCC cells, but is inhibited by IL6-type cytokines. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1864:516-526. [PMID: 27939431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-27 (IL27) is a type-I-cytokine of the IL6/IL12 family predominantly secreted by activated macrophages and dendritic cells. In the liver, IL27 expression was observed to be upregulated in patients with hepatitis B, and sera of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients contain significantly elevated levels of IL27 compared to healthy controls or patients with hepatitis and/or liver cirrhosis. In this study, we show that IL27 induces STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation in 5 HCC lines and 3 different types of non-transformed liver cells. We were especially interested in the relevance of the IL27-induced STAT3 activation in liver cells. Thus, we compared the IL27 responses with those induced by IFNγ (STAT1-dominated response) or IL6-type cytokines (IL6, hyper-IL6 (hy-IL6) or OSM) (STAT3-dominated response) by microarray analysis and find that in HCC cells, IL27 induces an IFNγ-like, STAT1-dependent transcriptional response, but we do not find an effective STAT3-dependent response. Validation experiments corroborate the finding from the microarray evaluation. Interestingly, the availability of STAT1 seems critical in the shaping of the IL27 response, as the siRNA knock-down of STAT1 revealed the ability of IL27 to induce the acute-phase protein γ-fibrinogen, a typical IL6 family characteristic. Moreover, we describe a crosstalk between the signaling of IL6-type cytokines and IL27: responses to the gp130-engaging cytokine IL27 (but not those to IFNs) can be inhibited by IL6-type cytokine pre-stimulation, likely by a SOCS3-mediated mechanism. Thus, IL27 recapitulates IFNγ responses in liver cells, but differs from IFNγ by its sensitivity to SOCS3 inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Rolvering
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit - Signal Transduction Laboratory, 6, Avenue du Swing, L4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| | - Andreas D Zimmer
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit - Signal Transduction Laboratory, 6, Avenue du Swing, L4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| | - Ines Kozar
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit - Signal Transduction Laboratory, 6, Avenue du Swing, L4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| | - Heike M Hermanns
- University Hospital Würzburg, Medical Clinic II, Division of Hepatology, Grombühlstr. 12, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Letellier
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit - Molecular Disease Mechanisms Laboratory, 6, Avenue du Swing, L4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| | - Laurent Vallar
- Genomics Research Laboratory, Dept. of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 84 Val Fleuri, L1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
| | - Petr V Nazarov
- Genomics Research Laboratory, Dept. of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 84 Val Fleuri, L1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
| | - Nathalie Nicot
- Genomics Research Laboratory, Dept. of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 84 Val Fleuri, L1526 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
| | - Aurélien Ginolhac
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit - Bioinformatics Core Facility, 6, Avenue du Swing, L4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| | - Serge Haan
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit - Molecular Disease Mechanisms Laboratory, 6, Avenue du Swing, L4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| | - Iris Behrmann
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit - Signal Transduction Laboratory, 6, Avenue du Swing, L4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| | - Claude Haan
- University of Luxembourg, Life Sciences Research Unit - Signal Transduction Laboratory, 6, Avenue du Swing, L4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Hirahara K, Schwartz D, Gadina M, Kanno Y, O'Shea JJ. Targeting cytokine signaling in autoimmunity: back to the future and beyond. Curr Opin Immunol 2016; 43:89-97. [PMID: 27821272 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines represent structurally diverse soluble factors with critical roles in normal immune function and the pathogenesis of autoimmunity. The emergence of many successful biological therapies targeting cytokines and cytokine receptors exemplifies the importance of cytokines in driving human autoimmune disease; unsurprisingly, there is no paucity of reviews on this subject. Nonetheless, many patients with autoimmune disease do not respond to biologicals, and cure remains an unmet goal. Thus, targeting the intracellular pathways employed by cytokines provides new therapeutic opportunities. A subset of cytokines utilizes the Janus kinase-signal transducer of activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway as a mode of signal transduction. First generation JAK inhibitors (jakinibs) are used to treat rheumatologic disease, and second-generation jakinibs are being developed. Simultaneously, rapid advances are being made in our understanding of the genomic and epigenomic impact of cytokines. In this review, we will briefly review the role of JAK-STAT-dependent cytokines in immune-mediated disease, the current status of Jakinibs, and future possibilities for therapeutic intervention using genomic insights.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Daniella Schwartz
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Massimo Gadina
- Translational Immunology Section, Office of Science Technology, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yuka Kanno
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John J O'Shea
- Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Ho J, Pelzel C, Begitt A, Mee M, Elsheikha HM, Scott DJ, Vinkemeier U. STAT2 Is a Pervasive Cytokine Regulator due to Its Inhibition of STAT1 in Multiple Signaling Pathways. PLoS Biol 2016; 14:e2000117. [PMID: 27780205 PMCID: PMC5079630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
STAT2 is the quintessential transcription factor for type 1 interferons (IFNs), where it functions as a heterodimer with STAT1. However, the human and murine STAT2-deficient phenotypes suggest important additional and currently unidentified type 1 IFN-independent activities. Here, we show that STAT2 constitutively bound to STAT1, but not STAT3, via a conserved interface. While this interaction was irrelevant for type 1 interferon signaling and STAT1 activation, it precluded the nuclear translocation specifically of STAT1 in response to IFN-γ, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-27. This is explained by the dimerization between activated STAT1 and unphosphorylated STAT2, whereby the semiphosphorylated dimers adopted a conformation incapable of importin-α binding. This, in turn, substantially attenuated cardinal IFN-γ responses, including MHC expression, senescence, and antiparasitic immunity, and shifted the transcriptional output of IL-27 from STAT1 to STAT3. Our results uncover STAT2 as a pervasive cytokine regulator due to its inhibition of STAT1 in multiple signaling pathways and provide an understanding of the type 1 interferon-independent activities of this protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan Ho
- School of Life Sciences, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Christin Pelzel
- School of Life Sciences, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Begitt
- School of Life Sciences, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Maureen Mee
- School of Life Sciences, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hany M. Elsheikha
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Scott
- ISIS Spallation Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
- Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Uwe Vinkemeier
- School of Life Sciences, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Lee H, Lee JW, Yoo KD, Yoo JY, Lee JP, Kim DK, Chin HJ, Kim YS, Yang SH. Cln 3-requiring 9 is a negative regulator of Th17 pathway-driven inflammation in anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F505-19. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00533.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
T helper 17 (Th17) lymphocytes promote renal inflammation in anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis (anti-GBM GN), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mediates activation of Th17 lymphocytes by IL-6 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Cln 3-requiring 9 (Ctr9), a subunit of RNA polymerase-associated factor complex (PAFc), regulates the transcription of IL-6/STAT3-dependent genes. Here, we investigated the role of Ctr9 in regulating Th17-driven inflammation in anti-GBM GN. In mice, STAT3β or IL-17 knockout ameliorated anti-GBM autoantibody-induced renal injury. This phenomenon was associated with decreases in retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt), IL-17, phosphorylated STAT3, and proinflammatory cytokines. Compared with wild-type mice, Ctr9 increased in both STAT3β−/− and IL-17−/− mice injected with anti-GBM IgG, showing a negative correlation with Th17-related transcripts. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of Ctr9 in intrarenal lymphocytes further upregulated Th17-related transcripts, consistent with repression of Th17 differentiation by Ctr9. Interestingly, Ctr9 was also expressed in human and mouse mesangial cells and downregulated in response to anti-GBM IgG or to TGF-β plus IL-17. Ctr9 in mesangial cells was even more repressed in the presence of both anti-GBM IgG and Th17-activating cytokines. Consistent with these findings, renal biopsies obtained from patients with anti-GBM GN showed consistent downregulation of Ctr9 and upregulation of phosphorylated STAT3 and IL-17 in the glomerulus. We conclude that Ctr9 is a negative regulator of Th17 differentiation in anti-GBM GN and repressed by anti-GBM IgG and IL-17 in mesangial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hajeong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Nephrology Clinic, National Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Don Yoo
- Department of Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Medical Center, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Yoo
- Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Ho Jun Chin
- Nephrology Clinic, National Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Seung Hee Yang
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Tian Y, Zajac AJ. IL-21 and T Cell Differentiation: Consider the Context. Trends Immunol 2016; 37:557-568. [PMID: 27389961 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating studies demonstrate that IL-21 modulates the differentiation of various CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets and provide insights into the underlying cellular and molecular processes that are influenced by this cytokine. Intriguingly, the effects of IL-21 on T cells can be complex and vary depending on the experimental system used. We review our current understanding of the roles of IL-21 in the generation of phenotypically distinct CD4 and CD8 T cell populations and discuss the potential environmental cues, cellular factors, and molecular mediators that impact the actions of IL-21. We propose that IL-21 acts in a context-dependent manner to accentuate T cell subset development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-2170, USA
| | - Allan J Zajac
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-2170, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Patin EC, Jones AV, Thompson A, Clement M, Liao CT, Griffiths JS, Wallace LE, Bryant CE, Lang R, Rosenstiel P, Humphreys IR, Taylor PR, Jones GW, Orr SJ. IL-27 Induced by Select Candida spp. via TLR7/NOD2 Signaling and IFN-β Production Inhibits Fungal Clearance. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:208-21. [PMID: 27259855 PMCID: PMC4911616 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Candida spp. elicit cytokine production downstream of various pathogen recognition receptors, including C-type lectin-like receptors, TLRs, and nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)–like receptors. IL-12 family members IL-12p70 and IL-23 are important for host immunity against Candida spp. In this article, we show that IL-27, another IL-12 family member, is produced by myeloid cells in response to selected Candida spp. We demonstrate a novel mechanism for Candida parapsilosis–mediated induction of IL-27 in a TLR7-, MyD88-, and NOD2-dependent manner. Our data revealed that IFN-β is induced by C. parapsilosis, which in turn signals through the IFN-α/β receptor and STAT1/2 to induce IL-27. Moreover, IL-27R (WSX-1)–deficient mice systemically infected with C. parapsilosis displayed enhanced pathogen clearance compared with wild-type mice. This was associated with increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the serum and increased IFN-γ and IL-17 responses in the spleens of IL-27R–deficient mice. Thus, our data define a novel link between C. parapsilosis, TLR7, NOD2, IFN-β, and IL-27, and we have identified an important role for IL-27 in the immune response against C. parapsilosis. Overall, these findings demonstrate an important mechanism for the suppression of protective immune responses during infection with C. parapsilosis, which has potential relevance for infections with other fungal pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel C Patin
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Adam V Jones
- University Dental Hospital, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff CF14 4XY, United Kingdom
| | - Aiysha Thompson
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Mathew Clement
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Chia-Te Liao
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - James S Griffiths
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Leah E Wallace
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Clare E Bryant
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom
| | - Roland Lang
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; and
| | - Philip Rosenstiel
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ian R Humphreys
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Philip R Taylor
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth W Jones
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom;
| | - Selinda J Orr
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom;
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Shih HY, Sciumè G, Mikami Y, Guo L, Sun HW, Brooks SR, Urban JF, Davis FP, Kanno Y, O'Shea JJ. Developmental Acquisition of Regulomes Underlies Innate Lymphoid Cell Functionality. Cell 2016; 165:1120-1133. [PMID: 27156451 PMCID: PMC4874839 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play key roles in host defense, barrier integrity, and homeostasis and mirror adaptive CD4(+) T helper (Th) cell subtypes in both usage of effector molecules and transcription factors. To better understand the relationship between ILC subsets and their Th cell counterparts, we measured genome-wide chromatin accessibility. We find that chromatin in proximity to effector genes is selectively accessible in ILCs prior to high-level transcription upon activation. Accessibility of these regions is acquired in a stepwise manner during development and changes little after in vitro or in vivo activation. Conversely, dramatic chromatin remodeling occurs in naive CD4(+) T cells during Th cell differentiation using a type-2-infection model. This alteration results in a substantial convergence of Th2 cells toward ILC2 regulomes. Our data indicate extensive sharing of regulatory circuitry across the innate and adaptive compartments of the immune system, in spite of their divergent developing pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yu Shih
- Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Giuseppe Sciumè
- Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yohei Mikami
- Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Liying Guo
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hong-Wei Sun
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stephen R Brooks
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Joseph F Urban
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Fred P Davis
- Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yuka Kanno
- Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John J O'Shea
- Lymphocyte Cell Biology Section, Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Sun L, Xia WY, Zhao SH, Liu N, Liu SS, Xiu P, Li LF, Cao XL, Gao JX. An asymmetrically dimethylarginated nuclear 90 kDa protein (p90aDMA) induced by interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4 or IL-6 in the tumor microenvironment is selectively degraded by autophagy. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:2461-71. [PMID: 27035405 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methylation is a common posttranslational modification resulting in the generation of asymmetric dimethylarginine (aDMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (sDMA). Currently, the regulation of aDMA or sDMA by hypoxia, nutrient stavation or cytokines in the tumor microenvironment remains largely unknown. Here we show that p90aDMA, p70aDMA and p90sDMA, endogenous proteins containing aDMA or sDMA with mass 70 or 90 kDa, were widely and dominantly expressed in breast cancer cell lines. Notably, it was p90aDMA rather than p90sDMA that accumulated in the nucleus upon stimulation of cancer cells with interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6 but not IL-8. In addition, the p90aDMA accumulation could be inhibited after treatment with a global methyltrasferase inhibitor, adenosine-2',3'-dialdehyde (AdOx). It seemed that some endogenous proteins in cancer cells were asymmetrically arginine-methylated upon exposure to some cytokines.. Furthermore, endogenous proteins of aDMA, such as p90aDMA and p70aDMA, were degraded in response to hypoxia, nutrient starvation and rapamycin treatment in breast and cervical cancer cells. IL-2/4/6 slightly increased basal autophagy but slightly decreased the rapamycin‑induced autophagy in cancer cells, suggesting that IL-2/4/6 and autophagy inducers play distinct roles in the regulation of aDMA of proteins. Conversely, rapamycin accumulated p90sDMA in MDA-MB‑231 and MCF-7 cells. Taken together, our results add a new dimension to the complexity of arginine methylated regulation in response to various stimuli and provide the first evidence that aDMA serves as one specific degradation signal of selective autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Wu-Yan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Hua Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Peng Xiu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Lei Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|