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Zhang Y, Zhu SL, Chen J, Li LQ. Meta-analysis of associations of interleukin-28B polymorphisms rs8099917 and rs12979860 with development of hepatitis virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:3249-57. [PMID: 27313470 PMCID: PMC4892830 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s104904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This meta-analysis aimed to assess available evidence on possible associations of interleukin-28B polymorphisms rs8099917 and rs12979860 with development of hepatitis virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were systematically searched to identify relevant studies. Meta-analyses were performed to examine the association of interleukin-28B rs8099917 G/T and rs12979860 T/C polymorphisms with development of hepatitis virus-related HCC. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results A total of ten studies involving 2,529 cases and 2,412 controls were included. The G-allele and GT genotype of rs8099917 were significantly associated with increased risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC (allelic model, OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.13–1.96, P=0.005; heterozygous model, OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.04–1.88, P=0.03). Conversely, the TT genotype was found to be significantly associated with lower risk of HBV-related HCC (dominant model, OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.51–0.91, P=0.01). Similar results were observed in the subgroup of Chinese patients and controls. In the pooled data set, the T-allele and TT genotype of rs12979860 showed a significant association with increased HCC risk (allelic model, OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.05–1.78, P=0.02; recessive model, OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.28–2.39, P=0.005; homozygous model, OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.41–2.80, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity and etiology showed rs12979860 polymorphism to be significantly associated with HCC risk in Caucasians, especially hepatitis C virus-related HCC, according to all five genetic models. In contrast, only the TT genotype of rs12979860 was found to be significantly associated with increased risk of HBV-related HCC, especially in Asians. Conclusion The G-allele of rs8099917 may confer elevated risk of HBV-related HCC, while the wild-type TT genotype may protect against the disease. The T-allele of rs12979860 may increase the risk of HCC, in Caucasians, especially hepatitis C virus-related HCC. The TT genotype of rs12979860 may confer increased risk of HBV-related HCC, especially in Asians. These conclusions should be verified in large, well-designed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Liang Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Le-Qun Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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Bokharaei-Salim F, Salehi-Vaziri M, Sadeghi F, Esghaei M, Monavari SH, Alavian SM, Fakhim S, Keyvani H. The Association of Substitutions in the Hepatitis C Virus Subtype 1b Core Gene and IL28B Polymorphisms With the Response to Peg-IFNα-2a/RBV Combination Therapy in Azerbaijani Patients. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2016; 16:e35597. [PMID: 27313635 PMCID: PMC4908614 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.35597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been identified as a leading cause of progressive liver diseases worldwide. Despite new treatment strategies, pegylated interferon alfa-2a (Peg-IFNα-2a), in combination with ribavirin (RBV), still represents the gold standard of therapy for hepatitis C in developing countries. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association of substitutions in the HCV subtype 1b (HCV-1b) core protein and the rs12979860 polymorphism in the interleukin 28B gene (IL28B) with the response to Peg-IFNα-2a/RBV combination therapy in Azerbaijani patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of fifty-one chronically HCV-1b-infected Azerbaijani patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study from March 2010 to June 2015. After RNA extraction from pre-treatment plasma, the core region of the HCV genome was amplified using the nested reverse transcription (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, followed by standard sequencing. In addition, genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) specimens, and the rs12979860 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was identified using a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay. RESULTS In this study, a significant association was observed between the non-responders and relapsers to antiviral therapy and substitutions in the HCV-1b core region at positions 43 (R43K, P = 0.047), 70 (R70Q, P < 0.001), 91 (M91L, P = 0.037), and 106 (S106N, P = 0.018). Concerning the IL28B polymorphism, the results showed that sustained virological response was significantly associated with homozygous CC patients (P = 0.009) as compared with other genotypes, while homozygous TT subjects were associated with HCV relapse after therapy (P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS The data of the present study suggest that amino acid substitutions at position 43, 70, 91, and 106 in the HCV-1b core protein are correlated with the response to the Peg-IFNα-2a/RBV treatment in Azerbaijani patients with chronic hepatitis C. Moreover, host genetic polymorphisms, such as those of the IL28B locus, might be useful for predicting the responsiveness to Peg-IFNα-2a/RBV combination therapy against HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Bokharaei-Salim
- Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- HIV Laboratory of National Center, Deputy of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri
- Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Ref Lab), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Farzin Sadeghi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IR Iran
| | - Maryam Esghaei
- Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | | | - Seyed Moayed Alavian
- Middle East Liver Disease Center, Tehran, IR Iran
- Iran Hepatitis Network, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Shahin Fakhim
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Payame Noor University, Karaj, IR Iran
| | - Hossein Keyvani
- Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Hossein Keyvani, Department of Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel/Fax: +98-2188602205, E-mail:
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Mueller JL, King LY, Johnson KB, Gao T, Nephew LD, Kothari D, Simpson MA, Zheng H, Wei L, Corey KE, Misdraji J, Lee JH, Lin MV, Gogela NA, Fuchs BC, Tanabe KK, Gordon FD, Curry MP, Chung RT. Impact of EGF, IL28B, and PNPLA3 polymorphisms on the outcome of allograft hepatitis C: a multicenter study. Clin Transplant 2016; 30:452-60. [PMID: 26854475 PMCID: PMC4868041 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is accelerated following liver transplantation (LT). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the epidermal growth factor (EGF) (rs4444903), IL28B (rs12979860), and PNPLA3 (rs738409) loci are associated with treatment response, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma in non-transplant hepatitis C, but allograft population data are limited. We sought to determine the role of these SNPs in 264 patients with HCV who underwent LT between 1990 and 2008. Genotypes were determined from donor wedge/allograft biopsies and recipient explants. Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess time to cirrhosis, liver-related death, and retransplantation, adjusting for donor age and sustained virological response (SVR). Over a median follow-up of 6.3 yr, a trend toward increased progression to graft cirrhosis was observed among recipients of an EGF non-AA vs. AA donor liver (adjusted HR 2.01; 95% CI 0.93-4.34; p = 0.08). No other genotypes predicted cirrhosis development or graft survival. The CC IL28B variant in both recipients and donors was associated with increased rate of SVR (R-CC/D-CC 8/12[67%], R-non-CC/D-CC or R-CC/D-non-CC 23/52[44%], R-non-CC/D-non-CC 12/45[27%], p linear trend = 0.009). Recipient EGF, IL28B, and PNPLA3, and donor IL28B and PNPLA3 genotypes do not predict adverse outcomes in HCV LT recipients. A potential association exists between donor EGF genotype and cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Mueller
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lindsay Y. King
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kara B. Johnson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Tian Gao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Lauren D. Nephew
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Darshan Kothari
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconness Medical Center, Boston
| | - Mary Ann Simpson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington
| | - Hui Zheng
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lan Wei
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen E. Corey
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Joseph Misdraji
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joon Hyoek Lee
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M. Valerie Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Neliswa A. Gogela
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Bryan C. Fuchs
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth K. Tanabe
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fredric D. Gordon
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Burlington
| | - Michael P. Curry
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconness Medical Center, Boston
| | - Raymond T. Chung
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Heidari Z, Moudi B, Mahmoudzadeh-Sagheb H, Hashemi M. The Correlation Between Interferon Lambda 3 Gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Hepatitis B Virus Infection. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2016; 16:e34266. [PMID: 27226800 PMCID: PMC4875561 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.34266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokines are proteins that mediate innate and adaptive immunity responses. It is hypothesized that interferon lambda 3 (IFNL3) levels can influence the outcome of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Polymorphisms in IFN genes have been associated with response to infection. OBJECTIVES This study was carried-out to investigate the association of IFNL3 gene polymorphisms (rs12979860 and rs8099917) with HBV susceptibility, in chronic HBV-infected patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this case-control study, we determined IFNL3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs12979860 and rs8099917) in 221 individuals, with chronic HBV infection, and 200 healthy individuals, who were voluntary blood donors, with negative test for HBV. Alleles and genotypes analyses were performed by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. RESULTS The frequencies of the rs12979860 and rs8099917 genotypes were not significantly different between the HBV-infected and the control groups (CC:CT:TT of 30.3%:48.0%:21.7% vs. 33.0%:49.0%:18.0%, P > 0.05, and GG:GT:TT of 5.8%:39.4%:54.8% vs. 5.0%:41.0%:54.0%, P > 0.05, respectively). Also, the frequencies of the alleles were not significantly different between both groups (C:T of 54.3%:45.7% vs. 57.5%:42.5%, P > 0.05, and G:T of 25.6%:74.4% vs. 25.5%:74.5%, P > 0.05, respectively) and the chronic HBV infection. There were no significant differences between patients, with at least one rs12979860C and or rs8099917T alleles compared to the healthy controls (rs12979860: CT + CC:TT, OR = 1.26, 95%CI = 0.78 - 2.04, P = 0.341 and rs8099917: GT + TT:GG, OR = 1.03, 95%CI = 0.70 - 1.51, P = 0.877, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed no correlation between rs12979860 and rs8099917 SNPs and chronic HBV infection. Further studies, with larger sample sizes and different ethnicities, are necessary to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Heidari
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Bita Moudi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Bita Moudi, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-5433295794, Fax: +98-5433295794, E-mail:
| | - Hamidreza Mahmoudzadeh-Sagheb
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
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Frankova S, Jirsa M, Merta D, Neroldova M, Urbanek P, Senkerikova R, Spicak J, Sperl J. USP18 downregulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells predicts nonresponse to interferon-based triple therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C, genotype 1: a pilot study. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2015; 11:1853-61. [PMID: 26719699 PMCID: PMC4687952 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s94010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Patients with advanced liver fibrosis owing to chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 represent a difficult-to-treat group even if a protease inhibitor is added to pegylated interferon alpha and ribavirin. Therefore, only patients with a high chance of cure should be treated with interferon-based treatment. Patients and methods Expression of IFNG, IFNLR1, and interferon-sensitive genes CXCL9, IFI16, IFI27, ISG15, and USP18 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was assessed before and during the initial 12 weeks of treatment. The studied group consisted of 26 treatment-experienced patients of average age of 50 years with advanced liver fibrosis compared to seven healthy volunteers. Fourteen patients were treated with pegylated interferon alpha 2b, ribavirin, and boceprevir and 12 patients with telaprevir. The overall sustained virological response (SVR) rate was 69% (18/26). Results A significant difference in the initial expression (median, interquartile range [IQR]) of CXCL9 2.9×, IQR: 1.7–12.4 vs 1.2×, IQR: 0.5–1.8; (P=0.01) IFNG 7.3×, IQR: 1.7–32.6 vs 0.7×, IQR: 0.4–1.3; P=0.002 and USP18 3.7×, IQR: 2.1–7.7 vs 1.4×, IQR: 0.9–1.6; (P=0.03) was found between the SVR and non-SVR groups. Expression of all analyzed genes was progressively increasing during the first 12 weeks of therapy, but a significant difference between SVR and non-SVR group was found only in USP18 expression at week 12 (P=0.001). Initial expression of four genes predicted SVR in univariate analysis (CXCL9 [OR: 12.00, 95% CI: 1.21–118.89], IFI27 [OR: 12.00, 95% CI: 1.21–118.89], IFNG [OR: 10.50, 95% CI: 1.50–73.67], USP18 [OR: 21.00, 95% CI: 2.05–215.18]). In multivariate analysis, only the initial expression of USP18 was identified as a predictor of SVR (P=0.047). Conclusion Initial expression of USP18 and the course of its activation could be a reliable predictor of SVR achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sona Frankova
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jirsa
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dusan Merta
- Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Neroldova
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Urbanek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Central Military Hospital, First Medical School, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Senkerikova
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Julius Spicak
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Sperl
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
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Lee MH, Yang HI, Lu SN, Lin YJ, Jen CL, Wong KH, Chan SY, Chen LC, Wang LY, L’Italien G, Yuan Y, Chen CJ. Polymorphisms near the IFNL3 Gene Associated with HCV RNA Spontaneous Clearance and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17030. [PMID: 26602024 PMCID: PMC4658500 DOI: 10.1038/srep17030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to investigate associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the genes IFNL2, IFNL3, and IFNL4 and spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and to evaluate variants for their risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among subjects in whom spontaneous HCV RNA clearance did not occur. In the first study, 889 untreated anti-HCV-seropositive patients without HCC symptoms were followed from 1991 to 2005. The spontaneous HCV clearance rate was found to be 33.1%. The TT variant of rs8099917 near IFNL3 was associated with increased spontaneous HCV RNA clearance, with an adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) of 2.78 (1.43-5.39), as was the newly-identified TT/TT dinucleotide variant rs368234815 near IFNL4 (adjusted odds ratio 2.68, 95% CI: 1.42-5.05). In the second study, associations between SNPs and HCC risk were examined in 483 HCC cases with detectable HCV RNA and 516 controls. In participants with HCV genotype 1, unfavorable genotypes for HCV clearance near IFNL3 were associated with increased HCC risk, the adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for rs12979860 and rs8099917 being 1.73 (1.00-2.99) and 1.84 (1.02-3.33), respectively. Host characteristics should be considered to identify high-risk patients to prioritize the use of new antiviral agents and intensive screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hsuan Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hwai-I Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Nan Lu
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, (Department of Internal Medicine), Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, KaohsiungChang Gung University School of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Lan Jen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Hsuan Wong
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Soa-Yu Chan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chun Chen
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Gilbert L’Italien
- Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yong Yuan
- Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei , Taiwan
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Ramos-Lopez O, Martinez-Lopez E, Roman S, Fierro NA, Panduro A. Genetic, metabolic and environmental factors involved in the development of liver cirrhosis in Mexico. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:11552-11566. [PMID: 26556986 PMCID: PMC4631960 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i41.11552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis (LC) is a chronic illness caused by inflammatory responses and progressive fibrosis. Globally, the most common causes of chronic liver disease include persistent alcohol abuse, followed by viral hepatitis infections and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, regardless of the etiological factors, the susceptibility and degree of liver damage may be influenced by genetic polymorphisms that are associated with distinct ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Consequently, metabolic genes are influenced by variable environmental lifestyle factors, such as diet, physical inactivity, and emotional stress, which are associated with regional differences among populations. This Topic Highlight will focus on the genetic and environmental factors that may influence the metabolism of alcohol and nutrients in the setting of distinct etiologies of liver disease. The interaction between genes and environment in the current-day admixed population, Mestizo and Native Mexican, will be described. Additionally, genes involved in immune regulation, insulin sensitivity, oxidative stress and extracellular matrix deposition may modulate the degree of severity. In conclusion, LC is a complex disease. The onset, progression, and clinical outcome of LC among the Mexican population are influenced by specific genetic and environmental factors. Among these are an admixed genome with a heterogenic distribution of European, Amerindian and African ancestry; a high score of alcohol consumption; viral infections; a hepatopathogenic diet; and a high prevalence of obesity. The variance in risk factors among populations suggests that intervention strategies directed towards the prevention and management of LC should be tailored according to such population-based features.
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Coppola N, Pisaturo M, Sagnelli C, Onorato L, Sagnelli E. Role of genetic polymorphisms in hepatitis C virus chronic infection. World J Clin Cases 2015; 3:807-822. [PMID: 26380828 PMCID: PMC4568530 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v3.i9.807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To analyze the host genetics factors influencing the clinical course and the response to antiviral treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC).
METHODS: We conducted an electronic search on the PubMed and MEDLINE (2000-2014) databases and Cochrane library (2000-2014). A total of 73 articles were retrieved and their data were extensively evaluated and discussed by the authors and then analyzed in this review article.
RESULTS: Several studies associated polymorphisms in the interleukin 28B gene on chromosome 19 (19q13.13) with a spontaneous viral clearance in acute hepatitis C and with the response to pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN)-based treatment in chronic hepatitis C patients. Other investigations demonstrated that inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase genetic variants protect hepatitis C virus-genotype-1 CHC patients from ribavirin-induced anemia, and other studies that a polymorphism in the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 was associated with hepatic steatosis in CHC patients. Although not conclusive, some investigations suggested that the vitamin D-associated polymorphisms play an important role in the achievement of sustained virologic response in CHC patients treated with Peg-IFN-based antiviral therapy. Several other polymorphisms have been investigated to ascertain their possible impact on the natural history and on the response to treatment in patients with CHC, but the data are preliminary and warrant confirmation.
CONCLUSION: Several genetic polymorphisms seem to influence the clinical course and the response to antiviral treatment in patients with CHC, suggesting individualized follow up and treatment strategies.
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Zekri ARN, Abdullah D, Osman A, El-Rouby MN, Zayed N, Esmat G, Elakel W, Hafez HA. Epstein-Barr virus and Interleukin-28B polymorphism in the prediction of response to interferon therapy in hepatitis C patients. Arab J Gastroenterol 2015; 16:84-9. [PMID: 26526510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS In chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV), viral and host factors are known to be predictors for anti-viral therapy. IL-28B genotype strongly influences treatment outcome, while Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) co-infection could accelerate the course of chronic HCV infection. This study was conducted to assess whether EBV co-infection adds to the predictive value of IL-28B. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 105 patients with chronic HCV were classified according to their response to treatment into two groups: 38 sustained virological responders (SVRs) and 67 nonresponders (NRs). Collected sera at baseline and follow-up (FUP) were used for assessing EBV antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the expression of EBV genes (BNLF-1, BZLF-1, and EBER-2) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Collected peripheral blood was used for detecting IL-28B rs.12979860 single-nucleotide polymorphism. RESULTS Regarding IL-28B genotype frequencies, a significant difference (p=0.003) was observed between SVRs (C/C=51.4%, C/T=48.6%, T/T=0%) and NRs (C/C=25%, C/T=55%, T/T=20%). On assessing EBV infection at baseline and FUP, it was found that 61% and 55% were positive, respectively, with no significant difference between SVRs and NRs. As for anti-viral capsid antigen (VCA) antibodies, the NRs had significantly higher baseline anti-VCA immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels than SVRs (p=0.01). While FUP anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) IgG reported a significant decline within SVR patients (p=0.02), neither baseline nor FUP anti-VCA IgG levels showed a statistically significant viral response. Finally, on comparing EBV markers with CC versus CT and TT genotypes, it was found that FUP anti-VCA IgG levels were significantly increased in CC genotype (p=0.003). CONCLUSION Interleukin-28B polymorphism could be a possible predictor of response to pegylated interferon/ribavirin therapy (PEG-IFN/RBV). Furthermore, co-infection with EBV did not affect the response to IFN-based therapy in HCV-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Rahman N Zekri
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Dina Abdullah
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Osman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ainshams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud N El-Rouby
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Zayed
- Endemic Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gamal Esmat
- Endemic Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wafaa Elakel
- Endemic Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan Abdel Hafez
- Endemic Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Matsuura K, Tanaka Y. Host genetic variants influencing the clinical course of hepatitis C virus infection. J Med Virol 2015. [PMID: 26211651 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The clinical course of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection greatly differs in individuals. Various viral, host, and environmental factors influence the natural history of HCV infection. Recent genome-wide association studies identified several host genetic factors influencing treatment efficacy or clinical course in HCV infection. A landmark discovery was that IFNL3-IFNL4 variants are strongly associated with responses to interferon-based treatment. Genetic variants in IFNL3-IFNL4 as well as those in HLA class II loci influence the spontaneous clearance of acute HCV infection. Interestingly, these genetic variants also affect the activity of hepatitis, or disease progression in chronic hepatitis C. In addition, polymorphisms in apoptosis-related genes such as RNF7, TULP1, and MERTK are associated with fibrosis progression, and DEPDC5 and MICA variants are associated with HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Understanding the genetic factors associated with the clinical course of HCV infection is essential for personalized treatment and surveillance of disease progression and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Matsuura
- Department of Virology and Liver Unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical CenterInfectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Virology and Liver Unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Xu Y, Zhang YG, Wang X, Qi WQ, Qin SY, Liu ZH, Jiao J, Wang JB. Long-term antiviral efficacy of entecavir and liver histology improvement in Chinese patients with hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:7869-76. [PMID: 26167087 PMCID: PMC4491974 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i25.7869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the clinical outcomes of 240-wk treatment with entecavir (0.5 mg) in Chinese nucleoside-naive patients with cirrhosis. METHODS A total of 204 nucleoside-naive patients with compensated (n = 96) or decompensated (n = 108) hepatitis B virus (HBV)-induced cirrhosis at the Department of Gastroenterology of the China-Japan Union Hospital (Jilin University, Changchun, China) who were treated with entecavir (0.5 mg) for 240 wk were enrolled in this study. Liver biopsy samples obtained from 38 patients prior to treatment (baseline) and at week 240 were evaluated by different independent histopathologists. Efficacy assessments included the proportions of patients who achieved an HBV DNA level < 500 copies/mL, the association of interleukin-28B genetic variation with antivirus therapy, clinical outcomes, and histologic improvement. Changes in liver disease severity were analyzed, and liver histologic evaluation was performed in 38 patients with paired biopsies. Student t tests were used to compare the means of continuous variables between the groups, and the proportions of patients who achieved the endpoints were compared using the χ(2) test. RESULTS At week 240, 87.5% of the patients with compensated cirrhosis and 92.6% of the patients with decompensated cirrhosis achieved a HBV DNA level < 500 copies/mL. Three patients had genotypic entecavir resistance within the 240-wk period. No significant association was observed between virologic response and interleukin-28 genotype (CT, 88.2% vs CC, 90.6%). The proportion of patients with Child-Pugh class A disease was significantly increased at week 240 (68%) from the baseline (47%; P < 0.01). The proportion of patients with Child-Pugh class B disease was significantly decreased at week 240 (25%) from the baseline (39%; P = 0.02). In the patients with paired liver biopsies, the mean reduction in the Knodell necroinflammatory score from the baseline was 3.58 ± 1.03 points (7.11 ± 1.80 vs 3.53 ± 1.35, P < 0.01). The mean reduction in Ishak fibrosis score from the baseline was 1.26 ± 0.64 points (5.58 ± 0.50 vs 4.32 ± 0.81, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Entecavir is an effective treatment option for patients with HBV-related compensated or decompensated cirrhosis that can result in sustained virologic suppression and histologic improvement.
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Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The interaction of HCV with its human host is complex and multilayered; stemming in part from the fact that HCV is a RNA virus with no ability to integrate in the host's genome. Direct and indirect mechanisms of HCV-induced HCC include activation of multiple host pathways such as liver fibrogenic pathways, cellular and survival pathways, interaction with the immune and metabolic systems. Host factors also play a major role in HCV-induced HCC as evidenced by genomic studies identifying polymorphisms in immune, metabolic, and growth signaling systems associated with increased risk of HCC. Despite highly effective direct-acting antiviral agents, the morbidity and incidence of liver-related complications of HCV, including HCC, is likely to persist in the near future. Clinical markers to selectively identify HCV subjects at higher risk of developing HCC have been reported however they require further validation, especially in subjects who have experienced sustained virological response. Molecular biomarkers allowing further refinement of HCC risk are starting to be implemented in clinical platforms, allowing objective stratification of risk and leading to individualized therapy and surveillance for HCV individuals. Another role for molecular biomarker-based stratification could be enrichment of HCC chemoprevention clinical trials leading to smaller sample size, shorter trial duration, and reduced costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Goossens
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Liver Cancer Program, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yujin Hoshida
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Liver Cancer Program, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
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Sperl J, Frankova S, Senkerikova R, Neroldova M, Hejda V, Volfova M, Merta D, Viklicky O, Spicak J, Jirsa M. Relevance of low viral load in haemodialysed patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:5496-504. [PMID: 25987772 PMCID: PMC4427671 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i18.5496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify predictors of sustained virological response in hemodialysed patients treated by PEGinterferon α for chronic hepatitis C, genotype 1. METHODS The sustained virological response (SVR) rate, IL28B genotype, IFNL4 genotype, initial viral load (IVL) and other pretreatment variables in 39 end-stage renal disease patients (ESRD) on maintenance haemodialysis (HD) infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), genotype 1b, were compared with a control group of 109 patients with normal kidney function treated within the same period. All the patients were treatment naïve and had well compensated liver disease. The ESRD patients received 135 μg of PEGylated interferon α-2a (PegIFN-α) weekly and a reduced dose of ribavirin (RBV) was administered to 23/39 patients with an initial haemoglobin level > 10 g/dL. Control group patients were given standard doses of PegIFN-α and RBV. SVR was assessed as HCV RNA negativity 24 wk post-treatment. A t-test or ANOVA were used for comparisons of the means and a χ(2) test compared the frequencies. Logistic regression was used to determine significant predictors of SVR. Cutoff values for continuous variables were obtained from Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis. RESULTS The distribution of IL28B rs12979860 CC, CT and TT genotypes in the ESRD group was 28.2%, 64.1% and 7.7%, respectively, and 19.3%, 62.4% and 18.3% in the controls. The IFNL4 genotype was in almost absolute linkage disequlibrium with IL28B. The proportion of patients with a low IVL (< 600000 IU/mL) was significantly higher in the ESRD group than in the controls (28/39, 71.8% vs 51/109, 46.8%, P = 0.009), as was the proportion of patients with low IVL in IL28B CC carriers compared with non-CC carriers in the ESRD group (10/11, 90.9% vs 18/28, 64.3%, P = 0.0035). This difference was not found in the controls (7/22, 31.8% vs 44/87, 50.6%, P = 0.9). The overall SVR rate was 64.1% (25/39) in the ESRD group and 50.5% (55/109) in the control group (P = 0.19). 11/11 (100%) and 19/22 (86.4%) IL28B CC patients achieved SVR in the ESRD and control groups, respectively. A statistically significant association between SVR and IL28B and IFNL4 variants was found in both groups. The ESRD patients who achieved SVR showed the lowest IVL [median 21000, interquartile range (IQR): 6000-23000 IU/mL], compared with ESRD individuals without SVR (1680000, IQR: 481000-6880000, P = 0.001), controls with SVR (387000, IQR: 111000-1253000) and controls without SVR (905000, IQR: 451000-3020000). In ESRD, an IVL < 600000 IU/mL was strongly associated with SVR: 24/28 (85.7%) patients who achieved SVR had viraemia below this threshold. CONCLUSION Haemodialysis decreases the viral load, especially in IL28B CC genotype carriers. A low IVL was the strongest predictor of SVR in ESRD patients identified in multivariate analysis.
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Khubaib B, Saleem S, Idrees M, Afzal S, Wasim M. The genotype CC of IL-28B SNP rs12979860 is significantly associated with a sustained virological response in chronic HCV-infected Pakistani patients. J Dig Dis 2015; 16:293-8. [PMID: 25708904 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of genetic variation in interleukin 28B (IL-28B) gene and viral factors with treatment outcome in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients in Pakistan. METHODS Patients with chronic HCV infection who received interferon plus ribavirin combination therapy were enrolled in the study. The viral loads were checked at the third and sixth month of treatment and 6 months after the completion of the treatment. Genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs12979860 of IL-28B gene was performed by the restriction fragment length polymorphism method and direct sequence analysis. RESULTS A total of 111 patients successfully completed antiviral therapy and the follow-up period. Early virological response (EVR) and a sustained virological response (SVR) were achieved in 92 and 91 patients, respectively. Patients infected with HCV genotype 3a had a higher SVR rate compared with other HCV genotypes. A higher C allele frequency (81.9%) was observed in patients with SVR than those with non-SVR (P = 0.00001). The odds ratio of achieving SVR was more than 10-fold greater for the CC genotype than the CT/TT genotypes of SNP rs12979860 (OR 10.351, 95% CI 1.925-55.653, P = 0.006). Other positive predictors observed for SVR were female gender and EVR. CONCLUSION The CC genotype of IL-28B SNP rs12979860 is an independent predictive factor for SVR in chronic HCV-infected patients in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Khubaib
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sana Saleem
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Samia Afzal
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Wasim
- Genome Center for Molecular-based Diagnostics & Research, CL-25, Abdalian Cooperative Housing Society Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Chang KC, Tseng PL, Wu YY, Hung HC, Huang CM, Lu SN, Wang JH, Lee CM, Chen CH, Tsai MC, Yen YH, Lin MT, Wu CK, Huang CC, Chen HH, Hu TH. A polymorphism in interferon L3 is an independent risk factor for development of hepatocellular carcinoma after treatment of hepatitis C virus infection. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 13:1017-24. [PMID: 25460552 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2014.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Polymorphisms in interferon (IFN)L3 (encodes IFNλ3 or interleukin 28B) are associated with outcomes of treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, there is controversy regarding how polymorphisms in IFNL3 affect the risk for development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. METHODS In a retrospective study, we analyzed data from 1118 patients with HCV infection (589 men; median age, 60 y; 49.9% infected with genotype 1; 51.3% with advanced fibrosis) treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin from March 2000 through October 2009 at the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Kaohsiung, Taiwan (71.64% achieved sustained virologic response [SVR]). Baseline samples were collected before therapy. Starting 24 weeks after treatment, clinical and biochemical features were assessed every 3 to 6 months and patients underwent ultrasound examinations. Lesions detected were examined by computed tomography, angiography, or fine-needle aspiration biopsy analyses. Patients were followed up from the initiation of HCV therapy until a diagnosis of HCC (based on published guidelines), death, or March 31, 2013 (median, 60 mo). DNA samples from each patient were analyzed for rs12979860 in IFNL3. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine the risk for development of HCC. RESULTS The percentages of patients with the IFNL3 rs12979860 CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 86.4%, 13.2%, and 0.3%, respectively. A total of 108 patients (9.66%) developed HCC. The IFNL3 rs12979860 CT and TT genotypes correlated with high baseline levels of α-fetoprotein (AFP; ≥20 ng/mL), advanced stage of fibrosis, diabetes, or lack of an SVR (all P < .05). Based on multivariate Cox regression analysis, age 60 years and older, low platelet count (<15 × 10(9) cells/L), AFP level of 20 ng/mL or greater, advanced stage fibrosis, diabetes, lack of an SVR, and the IFNL3 rs12979860 CT and TT genotypes were significant risk factors for HCC (P < .05). Age 60 years and older, low numbers of platelets or high AFP level, and advanced fibrosis were risk factors for HCC among patients with a SVR. The IFNL3 rs12979860 genotype did not have a significant effect on risk for HCC among patients with SVRs, although some of these patients (with the CT or TT genotype) did develop HCC. Among patients without SVRs, only fibrosis stage and the IFNL3 rs12979860 CT and TT genotypes (hazard ratio, 1.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-3.07; P = .030) were independent risk factors for HCC. CONCLUSIONS Based on a retrospective study of patients treated for HCV infection, the IFNL3 rs12979860 CT and TT polymorphisms are associated with a risk for HCC, especially in patients without a SVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Chin Chang
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Tseng
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ying Wu
- Division of Biostatistics, Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chao Hung
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Min Huang
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Nan Lu
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Houng Wang
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mo Lee
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Chen
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chao Tsai
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hao Yen
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsung Lin
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Kun Wu
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hsi Chen
- Division of Biostatistics, Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hui Hu
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Taheri S, Aygen B, Korkmaz K, Yıldız O, Zararsız G, Canatan H. Characterization of the Interleukin-28B Gene rs12979860 C/T Polymorphism in Turkish Chronic Hepatitis C Patients and Healthy Individuals. Balkan Med J 2015; 32:147-55. [PMID: 26167338 DOI: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2015.15156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host genetic factors can affect the progress of hepatitis-C virus (HCV) infection. Interleukin-28B (IL28B) single nucleotide polymorphisms may play an important role in the clearance of HCV spontaneously or with treatment. AIMS The aim of our study was to evaluate the rate of IL28B genotypes in patients with Chronic Hepatitis-C (CHC) and healthy control subjects and to examine the characteristics of patients in each IL28B subgroup. STUDY DESIGN Case-control study. METHODS IL28B polymorphisms were genotyped by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in all subjects. RESULTS The mean age was 52.3±10.9 years (33% female) in the CHC patients and 52.5±11.5 years (39.1% female) in the healthy controls. The percentage of patients with a high baseline viral load (≥400,000 IU/mL) was higher in the CT group (69.8%) compared to the C/C (44.4%) and T/T (50%) groups (p=0.021). There was no significant difference in liver fibrosis and liver necroinflammation distribution among the CC, CT and TT genotypes with mild, moderate and severe groups (p=0.058 and p=0.791, respectively). Mean age, gender ratio, body mass index, viral load at baseline, rate of HCV genotypes, baseline ALT levels were not significantly different among the three IL28B subgroups (p>0.05). A significant increase was observed in the frequencies of IL28B rs12979860 TT genotypes in the CHC patients (20.6%) compared to the healthy control group (8.7%) (p=0.033). CONCLUSION In the patients with chronic HCV-genotype 1b and 4 infections, the IL28B rs12979860 (C>T) gene polymorphism frequency of the TT genotype and T allele was higher than in healthy control subjects. This result indicates that the TT genotype may be more effective in the progression of HCV infection than other genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serpil Taheri
- Department of Medical Biology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey ; Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Bilgehan Aygen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Keziban Korkmaz
- Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Orhan Yıldız
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gökmen Zararsız
- Department of Biostatistics, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Halit Canatan
- Department of Medical Biology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
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Monaghan KG, Gonzalez HC, Levin AM, Abouljoud MS, Gordon SC. Post-transplant course of hepatitis C after living donor liver transplantation in association with polymorphisms near IFNL3. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2015; 35:313-6. [PMID: 25343304 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2014.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Donor genotype for polymorphisms near IFNL3 influences hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapy responsiveness. This relationship has not been studied in a sample of HCV-infected living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) recipients in the United States (US). We investigated the association of donor and recipient genotypes near the IFNL3 gene at a large US liver transplant center. Recipient homozygosity for rs12979860 C was associated with increased sustained virologic response (SVR) in antiviral treatment-experienced patients pretransplant (P = 0.055). Consistently, donor homozygosity for rs12979860 C was also associated with increased SVR in patients who received post-transplant antiviral therapy (P = 0.048). Transplantation of an rs12979860 CC graft confers a favorable post-transplant antiviral response among HCV-positive recipients in an LDLT setting. Recipients with the favorable rs12979860 genotype receiving antiviral therapy before transplant are also more likely to achieve SVR. The effect of genotype status in the era of direct-acting antiviral agents will require future study.
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Interferon-λ rs12979860 genotype and liver fibrosis in viral and non-viral chronic liver disease. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6422. [PMID: 25740255 PMCID: PMC4366528 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue fibrosis is a core pathologic process that contributes to mortality in ~45% of the population and is likely to be influenced by the host genetic architecture. Here we demonstrate, using liver disease as a model, that a single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs12979860) in the intronic region of interferon-λ4 (IFNL4) is a strong predictor of fibrosis in an aetiology-independent manner. In a cohort of 4,172 patients, including 3,129 with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), 555 with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and 488 with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), those with rs12979860CC have greater hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. In CHC, those with rs12979860CC also have greater stage-constant and stage-specific fibrosis progression rates (P<0.0001 for all). The impact of rs12979860 genotypes on fibrosis is maximal in young females, especially those with HCV genotype 3. These findings establish rs12979860 genotype as a strong aetiology-independent predictor of tissue inflammation and fibrosis. Tissue fibrosis is a major contributor to mortality in the developed world. Here, the authors identify a genetic variant in the intronic region of interferon-λ4 that is a strong predictor of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, independent of liver disease aetiology
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Baclig MO, Reyes KG, Mapua CA, Gopez-Cervantes J, Natividad FF. Frequency of interleukin 28B rs12979860 C>T variants in Filipino patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus. Mol Biol Rep 2015; 42:673-9. [PMID: 25391769 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3814-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the most prevalent viral infections worldwide. Nearly 400 million individuals are chronic carriers of HBV. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of human interleukin 28B (IL28B) variants among treatment naive Filipino patients clinically diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and to compare the IL28B frequency distribution with various ethnic populations. Fifty-seven CHB patients and 43 normal controls were enrolled in this study. Real-time PCR was performed using the TaqMan genotyping assay for IL28B rs12979860. The allelic frequencies among normal controls were 0.94 and 0.06 for the IL28B rs12979860 C and T alleles, respectively. Eighty-eight percent were identified as homozygous for the IL28B C/C genotype and 12% were identified as heterozygous for the IL28B C/T genotype. Among CHB patients, the allelic frequencies were 0.90 for the IL28B C allele and 0.10 for the IL28B T allele. No IL28B T/T genotype was observed between the two groups. No significant difference in the distribution of IL28B genotypes was observed between normal controls and CHB patients. Allelic frequencies of IL28B among Filipinos were similar with other Asian populations but significantly different from Caucasians. The frequency of rs12979860 C>T variants among Filipino CHB patients has not yet been reported. These data provided new insight into the geographical frequency distribution of IL28B variants. Further studies are needed to determine the possible association between IL28B variants and response to pegylated-interferon-α plus ribavirin combination therapy among Filipino patients chronically infected with HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael O Baclig
- Research and Biotechnology, St. Luke's Medical Center, 279 E. Rodriguez Sr. Blvd., 1112, Quezon City, Philippines,
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Karataylı SC, Bozdayı M, Karataylı E, Öztürk T, Husseini AA, Albayrak R, Özkan M, Kalaylıoğlu Z, Yalçın K, Çınar K, İdilman R, Yurdaydın C. Interleukin-28 gene polymorphisms may contribute to HBsAg persistence and the development of HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B. Liver Int 2015; 35:846-53. [PMID: 24840315 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Aim of this study was to investigate whether a potential association exists between several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the IL-28B gene (rs12979860, rs1188122, rs8099917, rs8105790, rs12980275) and HBsAg persistence. Further, a potential effect on the development of HBeAg-negative CHB vs. inactive HBsAg carrier state was assessed in a genotype D HBV cohort. A cohort of chronic HDV patients was also used to see if they behave differently compared to chronic HBV patients. METHODS This study was conducted in three main patient cohorts: Group 1 consisted of 482 patients with HBsAg persistence. Of them 143 were inactive carriers, 94 had HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and 245 had anti-HBe-positive CHB. Group 2 represents spontaneously recovered HBV patients; they were anti-HBs and anti-HBc positive. Group 3 consisted of 176 chronic hepatitis delta (CHD) patients with antidelta and HDV-RNA positivity. DNA sequencing was performed for genotyping. RESULTS When patients with HBsAg persistence were compared with spontaneously recovered patients, a significant difference was observed for rs8105790 (P < 0.0001), rs12980275 (P < 0.02). Patients who had the CC/TC genotype for rs8105790 (P < 0.0001) and AA genotype for 1188122 (P < 0.02) were more likely to be inactive HBsAg carriers, when inactive HBsAg carriers were compared with HBeAg-negative CHB patients. Comparison of CHD patients vs. recovered HBV patients was parallel to that of HBV persistence vs. recovered HBV with similar significant differences in same SNPs. CONCLUSION These results suggest that IL-28B polymorphisms may contribute to HBsAg persistence and the development of the inactive HBsAg carrier state.
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Al-Qahtani A, Al-Anazi M, Abdo AA, Sanai FM, Al-Hamoudi W, Alswat KA, Al-Ashgar HI, Khan MQ, Albenmousa A, Khalaf N, Viswan N, Al-Ahdal MN. Correlation between genetic variations and serum level of interleukin 28B with virus genotypes and disease progression in chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:768470. [PMID: 25811035 PMCID: PMC4355603 DOI: 10.1155/2015/768470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that polymorphisms near the interleukin-28B (IL-28B) gene could predict the response to Peg-IFN-a/RBV combination therapy in HCV-infected patients. The aim of the study was to correlate the serum level of IL28B in HCV-infected patients with virus genotype/subgenotype and disease progression. IL28B serum level was detected and variations at five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL28B gene region were genotyped and analyzed. The variation of IL28B genetic polymorphisms was found to be strongly associated with HCV infection when healthy control group was compared to HCV-infected patients with all P values <0.0001. Functional analysis revealed that subjects carrying rs8099917-GG genotype had higher serum level of IL28B than those with GT or TT genotypes (P = 0.04). Also, patients who were presented with cirrhosis (Cirr) only or with cirrhosis plus hepatocellular carcinoma (Cirr+HCC) had higher levels of serum IL28B when compared to chronic HCV-infected patients (P = 0.005 and 0.003, resp.). No significant association was found when serum levels of IL28B were compared to virus genotypes/subgenotypes. This study indicates that variation at SNP rs8099917 could predict the serum levels of IL28B in HCV-infected patients. Furthermore, IL28B serum level may serve as a useful marker for the development of HCV-associated sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Liver Disease Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael Al-Anazi
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman A. Abdo
- Liver Disease Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal M. Sanai
- Liver Disease Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Al-Hamoudi
- Liver Disease Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A. Alswat
- Liver Disease Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad I. Al-Ashgar
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Q. Khan
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Albenmousa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Prince Sultan Medical Military City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nisreen Khalaf
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nisha Viswan
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed N. Al-Ahdal
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abbas Z, Yakoob J, Umer MA, Abbas M, Hamid S. Interferon lambda-3 polymorphism and response to pegylated interferon in patients with hepatitis D. Antivir Ther 2015; 20:529-33. [PMID: 25668821 DOI: 10.3851/imp2943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the interferon lambda-3 (IFNλ3) gene (formerly interleukin 28B) influence the response to treatment with interferon in hepatitis C patients. We aimed to investigate such an influence in hepatitis D patients. METHODS The study population consisted of hepatitis D patients who were previously treated with pegylated interferon for one year and who were spontaneous clearers of the virus post recent superinfection. The SNP of IFNλ3, rs12979860, was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism protocol. RESULTS The total number of patients was 64; median age was 30.5 years and 53 were male. The number of patients with sustained virological response 1 year post-treatment was 17, non-responders 29, relapsers 11 and spontaneous clearers post superinfection 7. Cirrhosis was present in 28 (44%). IFNλ3, rs12979860 genotype CC, was present in 41 (64.1%), CT in 21 (32.8%) and TT in 2 (3.1%). There was no difference in the body mass index, baseline alanine aminotransferase, hepatitis B e antigen and HBV DNA status among patients with sustained response and response failure (no response or relapse). The median age of response failures was 33.5 years compared to 26 in responders (P=0.024). They had higher gamma glutamyl transferase levels (P=0.030) and cirrhosis (P=0.003). Genotype CC was present in 29/40 of response failures compared to 9/17 of the responders (P=0.152). Logistic regression analysis showed that cirrhosis was the independent risk factor for failure to have a response (P=0.001). 4/7 patients with spontaneous clearance had genotype CC. CONCLUSIONS IFNλ3 rs12979860 SNP does not have any significant influence on long-term hepatitis D clearance. Presence of cirrhosis may influence the response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaigham Abbas
- Department of Medicine, Orthopedic and Medical Institute, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Bruno S, Thompson AJ, Critelli R, Crosignani A, Rossi S, De Lisi S, Cariani E, Zermiani P, Vaira V, Boccaccio V, Maisonneuve P, Villa E. Interferon lambda-3 is not associated with clinical outcome in patients with HCV-induced compensated cirrhosis: a long-term cohort study. Antiviral Res 2015; 113:27-32. [PMID: 25446338 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon Lambda-3 (IFN-λ3) gene polymorphism is associated with spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and response to IFN-based therapy (IFN). However, very few data are available about its value in predicting sustained virologic response (SVR) in patients with cirrhosis, and whether IFN-λ3 genotype influences liver disease progression remains unclear. METHODS We determined IFN-λ3 genotype by PCR in a cohort of patients with compensated HCV-related cirrhosis, enrolled between 1989 and 1992. Person-years follow-up was calculated for each individual from the date of enrolment to the development of first episode of decompensation, HCC, liver transplant, death or end of follow-up. The follow-up of patients who achieved SVR was censored at the time of IFN initiation. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analyses were used to assess the association between IFN-λ3 genotype and clinical outcome. RESULTS IFN-λ3 was determined in 264 patients (52% males, mean age 57±8 years, 67% HCV genotype (G)1, while CC, CT and TT genotypes were 36%, 50% and 14%, respectively. During a median follow-up of 14.8 years, 149 (56%) patients received IFN. Overall, SVR was achieved in 31 (21%) patients, 40% among those with CC genotype (22% in G1 and 61% in G2, respectively) compared to 10% and 13% among patients with CT and TT genotypes (p<0.0001). Univariate and multivariate analyses found no association between IFN-λ3 (CC vs. non-CC genotype) and disease progression. CONCLUSION IFN-λ3 determination is fundamental for allocating cirrhotic patients to be treated with IFN, while it has no value in predicting the outcome of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savino Bruno
- Department of Internal Medicine, A.O. Fatebenefratelli e Oftalmico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alex J Thompson
- Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Duke Clinical Research Institute and Department of Gastroenterology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rosina Critelli
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Crosignani
- Department of Internal Medicine, A.O. San Paolo, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Sonia Rossi
- Department of Internal Medicine, A.O. Fatebenefratelli e Oftalmico, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania De Lisi
- Department of Internal Medicine, A.O. Fatebenefratelli e Oftalmico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Cariani
- Clinical Pathology-Toxicology, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino-Estense, Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Zermiani
- Department of Internal Medicine, A.O. San Paolo, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Vaira
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Boccaccio
- Department of Internal Medicine, A.O. Fatebenefratelli e Oftalmico, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrick Maisonneuve
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Erica Villa
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Aygen B, Yildiz O, Akhan S, Gunal O, Taheri S, Zararsiz G, Sayan M, Rustemoglu A, Altinok ES. Impact of Interleukin 28B Genotype on the Virological Responses in Chronic Hepatitis C Treatment. Gastroenterology Res 2014; 7:123-130. [PMID: 27785282 PMCID: PMC5040535 DOI: 10.14740/gr629e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interleukin (IL) 28B single nucleotide polymorphisms may play a role in the clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV). We aimed to evaluate the treatment response of chronic HCV infection patients to pegile interferon (pegIFN) and ribavirin treatment with regard to IL28B rs12979860 C/T polymorphism. Methods A total of 186 patients (mean age, 55.6 ± 10 years; 65.1% female) who underwent pegIFN and ribavirin treatment for chronic HCV infection were studied. We analyzed demographics, HCV genotype, baseline alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, histopathological data, viral load before treatment and at 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 weeks from the treatment start, and IL28B genotype. IL28B polymorphism was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in all the subjects. Results One hundred forty-five (86.8%) patients were infected with viral genotype 1b, and 13.2% were infected with viral genotype 4. The rates of C/C, C/T, and T/T genotypes were 22.6%, 52.7%, and 24.7% respectively. The percentage of patients with a viral load over 400,000 IU/mL was higher in the C/T group (P = 0.020). Of the patients, 44.6% provided sustained virological response (SVR) to pegIFN and ribavirin combination treatment. The frequency of T allele was 41% in patients with SVR, whereas 59% patients provided no response (P < 0.001). SVR was obtained in 66.7%, 42.9%, and 28.3% of CC, CT, and TT groups (P = 0.001). The rates of rapid virological response (RVR), early virological response (EVR), end-of-treatment response (ETR), and SVR were higher in the CC group than other groups (P = 0.216, P < 0.001, P = 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively). The relapse and null response (NR) rates were higher in TT group and partial response rate (PR) was higher in CT group. Conclusions IL28B rs12979860 C/T gene polymorphism affects the response to antiviral treatment in the patients with chronic HCV genotypes 1b and 4 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilgehan Aygen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Medical School of Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Orhan Yildiz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Medical School of Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sila Akhan
- Kocaeli University Medical Faculty Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Gunal
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Medical School of Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Serpil Taheri
- Erciyes University Betul Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gokmen Zararsiz
- Department of Biostatistics, Medical School of Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Murat Sayan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Medical School of Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Aydin Rustemoglu
- Gaziosmanpasa University Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Elif Sargin Altinok
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Medical School of Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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King LY, Johnson KB, Zheng H, Wei L, Gudewicz T, Hoshida Y, Corey KE, Ajayi T, Ufere N, Baumert TF, Chan AT, Tanabe KK, Fuchs BC, Chung RT. Host genetics predict clinical deterioration in HCV-related cirrhosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114747. [PMID: 25504078 PMCID: PMC4264769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the epidermal growth factor (EGF, rs4444903), patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3, rs738409) genes, and near the interleukin-28B (IL28B, rs12979860) gene are linked to treatment response, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis C. Whether these SNPs independently or in combination predict clinical deterioration in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis is unknown. We genotyped SNPs in EGF, PNPLA3, and IL28B from liver tissue from 169 patients with biopsy-proven HCV cirrhosis. We estimated risk of clinical deterioration, defined as development of ascites, encephalopathy, variceal hemorrhage, HCC, or liver-related death using Cox proportional hazards modeling. During a median follow-up of 6.6 years, 66 of 169 patients experienced clinical deterioration. EGF non-AA, PNPLA3 non-CC, and IL28B non-CC genotypes were each associated with increased risk of clinical deterioration in age, sex, and race-adjusted analysis. Only EGF non-AA genotype was independently associated with increased risk of clinical deterioration (hazard ratio [HR] 2.87; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.31-6.25) after additionally adjusting for bilirubin, albumin, and platelets. Compared to subjects who had 0-1 unfavorable genotypes, the HR for clinical deterioration was 1.79 (95%CI 0.96-3.35) for 2 unfavorable genotypes and 4.03 (95%CI 2.13-7.62) for unfavorable genotypes for all three loci (Ptrend<0.0001). In conclusion, among HCV cirrhotics, EGF non-AA genotype is independently associated with increased risk for clinical deterioration. Specific PNPLA3 and IL28B genotypes also appear to be associated with clinical deterioration. These SNPs have potential to identify patients with HCV-related cirrhosis who require more intensive monitoring for decompensation or future therapies preventing disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Y. King
- Liver Center, Gastrointestinal Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kara B. Johnson
- Liver Center, Gastrointestinal Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Hui Zheng
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lan Wei
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Thomas Gudewicz
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yujin Hoshida
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kathleen E. Corey
- Liver Center, Gastrointestinal Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tokunbo Ajayi
- Department of Medicine, North Shore Medical Center, Salem, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Nneka Ufere
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Thomas F. Baumert
- Liver Center, Gastrointestinal Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Inserm U1110, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Liver Center, Gastrointestinal Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kenneth K. Tanabe
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bryan C. Fuchs
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Raymond T. Chung
- Liver Center, Gastrointestinal Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Hu Z, Li Z, Xiang J, Zhou J, Yan S, Wu J, Zhou L, Zheng S. Intent-to-treat analysis of liver transplant for hepatocellular carcinoma in the MELD era: impact of hepatitis C and advanced status. Dig Dis Sci 2014; 59:3062-72. [PMID: 25008426 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-014-3266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Liver transplantation is a well-recognized treatment for non-resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the overall survival and waiting list removal rates for hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related HCC have not been assessed. METHODS The present study included 11,146 patients with HCC and 64,788 patients without HCC, listed for liver transplantation on the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database between 2003 and 2010. RESULTS In a multivariate analysis, HCV infection was an independent predictor of being transplanted or remaining on the waiting list in HCC candidates (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.60-0.71, p < 0.001). However, patients in the advanced status (model for end-stage liver disease score over 20, tumor stage exceed tumor-node-metastasis stage II, or alpha fetoprotein lover 400 ng/ml) but without HCV had better post-transplant survival than patients in the advanced status and with HCV (64 vs. 47% at 5 years, p < 0.001), and comparable survival to patients with HCV but not in the advanced status (62%, p = 0.461). CONCLUSIONS HCC candidates with HCV infection are more likely to be transplanted, remain on the waiting list for longer, and have worse post-transplant survival. Patients in the advanced status but without HCV also could share a similar post-transplant survival to those not in the advanced status but with HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Hu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation Ministry of Public Health Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China,
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Oda K, Uto H, Kumagai K, Ido A, Kusumoto K, Shimoda K, Hayashi K, Stuver SO, Tanaka Y, Nishida N, Tokunaga K, Tsubouchi H. Impact of a single nucleotide polymorphism upstream of the IL28B gene in patients positive for anti-HCV antibody in an HCV hyperendemic area in Japan. J Med Virol 2014; 86:1877-85. [PMID: 25100136 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The influence of genetic variation at the interleukin-28B (IL28B) locus on the natural course of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has not been fully investigated. The goal of this study was to examine whether an IL28B polymorphism (rs8099917) is associated with natural clearance of HCV and with disease parameters of HCV infection in an HCV hyperendemic area of Japan. The patients were 502 anti-HCV antibody-positive residents who participated in liver disease screening program from 2002 to 2004. Patients who underwent interferon-based therapy or had hepatocellular carcinoma were excluded. Of these patients, 149 were negative for HCV RNA (prior infection) and 353 were positive for HCV RNA or HCV core antigen (HCV carriers). In multivariate analysis, the IL28B TT genotype was a predictor for prior HCV infection. In addition, nine of the patients with prior HCV infection were positive for anti-HCV antibody with positive for HCV core antigen or HCV RNA before 2001, and these nine patients all had the IL28B TT genotype. Furthermore, the IL28B TT genotype was associated independently with higher HCV core antigen levels in HCV carriers. In contrast, the IL28B genotype did not affect the biochemical markers, such as alanine aminotransferase, hepatic fibrosis markers, and α-fetoprotein, and the degree of hepatic fibrosis assessed by transient elastography in HCV carriers. We concluded that IL28B polymorphism (TT genotype) is associated with spontaneous clearance of HCV and conversely with high viral loads in HCV carriers. In contrast, the IL28B genotype does not affect disease progression such as hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Oda
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Hoshida Y, Fuchs BC, Bardeesy N, Baumert TF, Chung RT. Pathogenesis and prevention of hepatitis C virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2014; 61:S79-90. [PMID: 25443348 PMCID: PMC4435677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the major aetiologic agents that causes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by generating an inflammatory, fibrogenic, and carcinogenic tissue microenvironment in the liver. HCV-induced HCC is a rational target for cancer preventive intervention because of the clear-cut high-risk condition, cirrhosis, associated with high cancer incidence (1% to 7% per year). Studies have elucidated direct and indirect carcinogenic effects of HCV, which have in turn led to the identification of candidate HCC chemoprevention targets. Selective molecular targeted agents may enable personalized strategies for HCC chemoprevention. In addition, multiple experimental and epidemiological studies suggest the potential value of generic drugs or dietary supplements targeting inflammation, oxidant stress, or metabolic derangements as possible HCC chemopreventive agents. While the successful use of highly effective direct-acting antiviral agents will make important inroads into reducing long-term HCC risk, there will remain an important role for HCC chemoprevention even after viral cure, given the persistence of HCC risk in persons with advanced HCV fibrosis, as shown in recent studies. The successful development of cancer preventive therapies will be more challenging compared to cancer therapeutics because of the requirement for larger and longer clinical trials and the need for a safer toxicity profile given its use as a preventive agent. Molecular biomarkers to selectively identify high-risk population could help mitigate these challenges. Genome-wide, unbiased molecular characterization, high-throughput drug/gene screening, experimental model-based functional analysis, and systems-level in silico modelling are expected to complement each other to facilitate discovery of new HCC chemoprevention targets and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Hoshida
- Liver Cancer Program, Tisch Cancer Institute, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States.
| | - Bryan C Fuchs
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Nabeel Bardeesy
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Thomas F Baumert
- INSERM Unité 1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Université de Strasbourg, and Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Pôle Hépato-digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France; Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Raymond T Chung
- Liver Center and Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States.
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Toniutto P, Bitetto D, Falleti E, Vadalà S, Cmet S, Cussigh A, Bulajic M, Zilli M, Fabris C. Biliary strictures after liver transplantation: role of interleukin 28B genotypes in cyclosporine treated. Int J Surg 2014; 12:1082-7. [PMID: 25219480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of Interleukin 28B (IL-28B) genetic polymorphisms in influencing the occurrence of biliary complications after liver transplantation has never been evaluated. This study aimed to investigate whether IL-28B rs12979860C/T polymorphisms associate with the occurrence of biliary complications after liver transplantation and if these complications may influence survival. METHODS One hundred seventy one recipients (133 males) who underwent liver transplantation were recruited. To confirm the mechanical etiology of cholestasis, endoscopic cholangio pancreatography, percutaneous and/or trans-Kehr cholangiography or cholangio magnetic resonance were performed. Two main clinical pictures were identified: biliary strictures and biliary leakage. Immunosuppressive therapy was based on cyclosporine (N = 54) or tacrolimus (N = 117), in association with steroids during the first month after operation. IL-28B rs12979860C/T genotypes were detected by means of polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Forty patients (23.4%) presented anastomotic strictures, 7 (4.1%) non-anastomotic strictures, 10 (5.8%) leakage, 8 (4.7%) leakage plus anastomotic strictures. IL-28B rs12979860C/C genotype in association with cyclosporin was found to be an independent predictor of anastomotic strictures occurrence (p = 0.008). A significant difference in 5 years survival was observed between patients with viral etiology of liver disease experiencing either anastomotic or non-anastomotic strictures (16/23) and the remaining patients (104/112, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In recipients carrying rs12979860 IL-28B C/C genotype the use of cyclosporine seems to contribute to enhance the probability of developing biliary complications which in hepatitis B and C positives appear to reduce patient survival. If confirmed in larger studies the use of cyclosporine in these patients could be revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Toniutto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Experimental and Clinical, Medical Liver Transplantation Section, Internal Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
| | - Davide Bitetto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Experimental and Clinical, Medical Liver Transplantation Section, Internal Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Edmondo Falleti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Experimental and Clinical, Medical Liver Transplantation Section, Internal Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Salvatore Vadalà
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Udine, Italy
| | - Sara Cmet
- Department of Medical Sciences, Experimental and Clinical, Medical Liver Transplantation Section, Internal Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Annarosa Cussigh
- Department of Medical Sciences, Experimental and Clinical, Medical Liver Transplantation Section, Internal Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Milutin Bulajic
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Udine, Italy
| | - Maurizio Zilli
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Udine, Italy
| | - Carlo Fabris
- Department of Medical Sciences, Experimental and Clinical, Medical Liver Transplantation Section, Internal Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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He J, Yu G, Li Z, Liang H. Influence of interleukin-28B polymorphism on progression to hepatitis virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8757-63. [PMID: 24874053 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2142-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variation of interleukin-28B (IL-28B) rs12979860 T/C polymorphism is associated with the immune response to interferon (IFN) therapy, which is applied in the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis induced by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). These chronic liver diseases could progress to end-stage liver diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to clarify whether there exists a causal association between IL-28B rs12979860 T/C polymorphism and development of HCC. In a meta-analysis of six studies with 850 cases and 811 controls, we summarized the data on the association between IL-28B rs12979860 T/C polymorphism and HCC risk and calculated ORs and 95 % CIs to estimate the association strength. We observed that IL-28B rs12979860 T/C polymorphism was positively associated with overall HCC risk (TT vs. CC: OR = 2.38; 95 %, 1.60-3.55; TT vs CT + CC: OR = 1.79; 95 %, 1.23-2.60). In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, the robust association retained in Caucasians with higher risk among TT carriers relative to the CC carriers. A similar trend was found in the studies of healthy controls when data were stratified by source of controls. The combined data suggest that IL-28B rs12979860 T/C polymorphism seems to augment the risk of developing HCC, especially in Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia He
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
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Al-Qahtani AA, Al-Anazi MR, Abdo AA, Sanai FM, Al-Hamoudi WK, Alswat KA, Al-Ashgar HI, Khalaf NZ, Viswan NA, Al Ahdal MN. Genetic variation in interleukin 28B and correlation with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Saudi Arabian patients. Liver Int 2014; 34:e208-16. [PMID: 24118788 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Several genome-wide association studies have shown that genetic variations in the chromosomal region containing interleukin-28B (IL28B) gene are associated with response to treatment in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This study was conducted to examine the role of genetic variations in IL28B on disease progression in Saudi Arabian patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). METHODS The study included 1128 subjects divided into four categories; 304 clearance subjects, 518 inactive carriers, 212 active carriers and 94 cirrhosis/HCC. RESULTS Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs12979860 (OR=1.307; 95% CI 1.046-1.634, χ2=5.57 and P=0.0183), rs12980275 (OR=0.642; CI 0.517-0.798, χ2=16.17 and P=0.0001) and rs8105790 (OR=0.746; CI 0.592-0.941, χ2=6.12 and P=0.0133), were found to be strongly associated with HBV clearance. The frequency of the G allele of rs12980275 and the C allele of rs8105790 were found to be more in clearance group than in patients and could contribute to protection against the disease. On the other hand, only rs12979860 showed significant difference in distribution when inactive group was compared to other groups (OR=1.285; CI 1.030-1.603, χ2=4.95, P=0.0261). No significant association was evident for any of the variants when active carriers were compared to cirrhosis/HCC patients. Haplotype analysis showed that a combination of A-T-T-G of rs12980275, rs8105790, rs8099917, and rs7248668, respectively, was associated with clearance of the virus (frequency=67.5% and P=0.015). CONCLUSION genetic variations in IL28B gene region may influence the clearance of HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Al-Qahtani
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Liver Disease Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Tang S, Yue M, Wang J, Zhang Y, Yu R, Su J, Peng Z, Wang J. Associations of IFN-γ rs2430561 T/A, IL28B rs12979860 C/T and ERα rs2077647 T/C polymorphisms with outcomes of hepatitis B virus infection: a meta-analysis. J Biomed Res 2014; 28:484-93. [PMID: 25469118 PMCID: PMC4250527 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.28.20130162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies investigated associations of IFN-γ rs2430561 T/A, IL28B rs12979860 C/T and ERα rs2077647 T/C gene polymorphisms with outcomes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, but the results were controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of all published observational studies to address this inconsistency. Literature was searched in online database and a systematic review was conducted based on the search results. A total of 24 studies were included and dichotomous data were presented as odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The rs2430561 T allele was associated with reduced persistent HBV infection risk (T vs. A: OR, 0.690; 95% CI, [0.490, 0.971]), while the rs2077647 T allele significantly increased the risk of persistent HBV infection (T vs. C: OR, 1.678; 95% CI, [1.212, 2.323]). Rs 2077647 CC might play a role in protecting individuals against HBV persistence (TT vs. CC: OR, 4.109; 95% CI, [2.609, 6.473]). Furthermore, carriers of the rs2430561 TT genotype were more likely to clear HBV spontaneously compared with those of the AA genotype (TT vs. AA: OR, 0.555; 95% CI, [0.359, 0.856]). For rs12979860 C/T polymorphism, no significant correlation with HBV infection outcomes was found. In subgroup analyses, the results were similar to those of overall analysis. However, for rs2077647 TT vs. TC+CC, significantly increased risks were observed in the Asian and hospital-based population, but not in the overall analysis. IFN-γ rs2430561 T/A and ERα rs2077647 T/C genetic polymorphisms were associated with outcomes of HBV infection, but no association was found between IL28B rs12979860 C/T and HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaidi Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Ming Yue
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, the Institute of Military Medicine of Nanjing Command, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Rongbin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Zhihang Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China. ; Department of General Practice, Kangda College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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Huang CF, Yeh ML, Tsai PC, Hsieh MH, Yang HL, Hsieh MY, Yang JF, Lin ZY, Chen SC, Wang LY, Dai CY, Huang JF, Chuang WL, Yu ML. Baseline gamma-glutamyl transferase levels strongly correlate with hepatocellular carcinoma development in non-cirrhotic patients with successful hepatitis C virus eradication. J Hepatol 2014; 61:67-74. [PMID: 24613362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients with cirrhosis remain at risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) even after achieving sustained virological response (SVR). The aim of the study was to explore the incidence and risk for HCC among non-cirrhotic patients with an SVR. METHODS A total of 642 patients with an SVR after peginterferon/ribavirin therapy were enrolled with a median follow-up period of 53.0 months (range: 6-133 months). RESULTS Thirty-three of the 642 (5.1%) patients developed HCC over 2324.8 person-years of follow-up. Cox regression analysis revealed that the strongest predictive factor of HCC occurrence was liver cirrhosis (HR 4.98, 95% CI 2.32-10.71, p<0.001), followed by age (HR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.11, p=0.005) and γGT levels (HR 1.008, 95% CI 1.004-1.013, p<0.001). The incidence of HCC did not differ between patients with high and low baseline γGT levels among patients with cirrhosis (p=0.53), but the incidence of HCC was significantly higher in non-cirrhotic patients with high γGT levels compared with those with low γGT levels (p=0.001). Cox regression analysis revealed that the strongest factors associated with HCC development in non-cirrhotic sustained responders were baseline γGT levels (HR 6.44, 95% CI 2.20-18.89, p=0.001) and age (HR 3.68, 95% CI 1.33-10.17, p=0.012). The incidence of HCC was not different between older non-cirrhotic patients with high γGT levels and cirrhotic patients (p=0.34). CONCLUSIONS HCC remains a threat in non-cirrhotic patients with an SVR. Serum γGT levels helped to identify potential patients at high risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Feng Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lun Yeh
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Hsieh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Ling Yang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yen Hsieh
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Fu Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Zu-Yau Lin
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Cherng Chen
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yen Wang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Preventive Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Ma N, Zhang X, Yu F, Gao P, Fan Q, Liu L, Liu D. Role of IFN-ks, IFN-ks related genes and the DEPDC5 gene in Hepatitis B virus-related liver disease. J Viral Hepat 2014; 21:e29-38. [PMID: 25032264 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have associated genetic variation near the interleukin 28B (IL28B/IFN-λ3) gene with natural clearance of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and a common variant in the DEP domain containing 5 (DEPDC5) locus on chromosome 22 has been shown to affect susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Japanese individuals with chronic HCV infection. This study was conducted to determine whether polymorphisms near or in interferon-lambda (IFN-λs) genes and their receptor genes such as interleukin 28 receptor, alpha (IL28RA) and interleukin 10 receptor, beta (IL10RB) as well as p21-activated kinases 4 (PAK4) and iron/zinc purple acid phosphatase-like protein (PAPL), which are locate upstream of IFN-λs, and lastly the DEPDC5 gene are associated with hepatitis B virus-related liver disease in Han Chinese. The study subjects included 507 normal healthy controls, 350 individuals with natural clearance of HBV and 792 HBV-infected patients. The patients were categorized into 157 inactive carriers (Case I), 216 active carriers (Case II), 111 cirrhotics (Case III) and 308 HCC patients (Case IV) subgroups. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using the Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation mass spectrometric (MALDI-TOF MS) SNP genotyping assay. Rs423058 upstream of PAPL, rs2834167 in IL10RB and rs1012068 in DEPDC5 were associated with chronic HBV status, HBV natural clearance and the presence of HCC (P = 0.0004–0.024), respectively. PAPL, IL10RB and DEPDC5 polymorphisms have an impact on progression of HBV-related liver disease. However, IFN-λs genes as a tool to differentiate between different clinical courses of HBV infection were not useful in the Han Chinese population.
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Wu RR, Liu FQ, Zhu SS, Han J. Association of Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Interleukin-28B Gene Polymorphism in Chinese Children. Pak J Med Sci 2014; 30:519-24. [PMID: 24948971 PMCID: PMC4048498 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.303.4267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To preliminarily explore the association of rs12979860 and rs8099917 SNPs with chronic HCV infection in Chinese Han children. Methods: Chronic HCV infection patients (n=277; 1-17 years old, 4.5 years old in average) and healthy subjects (n=150, children; 2-17 years old, 5.2 years old in average) were recruited and tested by PCR combining direct sequencing. The differences between the rs12979860 and rs8099917 genotypes in patients and healthy subjects were compared. Results: The genetic variations at rs12979860 and rs8099917 in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) children and healthy subjects did not differ significantly. The frequency of spontaneous clearance in CHC children was higher (47%), which is related to the genetic variations. The histological changes of patients were more significant compared to their clinical and biochemical indices, but they did not correlate with the genetic mutations at rs12979860 and rs8099917 significantly. Conclusion: The rs12979860 and rs8099917 SNPs are independent factors predicting the spontaneous clearance of Chinese CHC children patients. The correlation between diseases outcomes are in need of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Rong Wu
- Rong-Rong Wu, Department of Pharmacy, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing China
| | - Feng-Qun Liu
- Feng-Qun Liu, Department of Pharmacy, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing China
| | - Shi-Shu Zhu
- Shi-Shu Zhu, Department of Pediatric Hepatology, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing China
| | - Jin Han
- Jin Han, Department of Pharmacy, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing China
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Mancuso ME, Linari S, Aghemo A, Bartolozzi D, Santagostino E, Rumi MG, Fognani E, Fasulo MR, Gragnani L, Bruno R, Morfini M, Zignego AL, Colombo M. Interferon lambda 3 rs12979860 polymorphism in patients with haemophilia and HCV infection: a predictor of spontaneous viral clearance and sustained virological response. Thromb Haemost 2014; 111:1067-76. [PMID: 24522196 DOI: 10.1160/th13-11-897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in adult haemophilic patients who received non-virally inactivated plasma-derived clotting factor concentrates. Overall, spontaneous viral clearance rate is 10-25% and the only approach that can halt disease progression is hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication by means of antiviral therapy. In non-haemophilic patients a single nucleotide polymorphism located upstream the gene of interferon lambda 3 (IFNλ3) has been associated with both spontaneous viral clearance and sustained virological response after antiviral treatment. The aim of this study was to assess whether the rs12979860 polymorphism was a predictor of spontaneous viral clearance and of sustained virological response after antiviral therapy in a large cohort of haemophilic patients with HCV infection. The rs12979860 polymorphism, defined as CC genotype or T allele, was tested in a cohort of 342 haemophilic patients and evaluated as predictor of spontaneous clearance or response to antiviral therapy. By multivariate regression analysis the IFNλ3 CC genotype was an independent predictor of spontaneous viral clearance (odds ratio: 3.7, 95% confidence interval: 2.0-6.8). Sustained virological response rates were doubled in patients with the CC genotype than in those with the T allele (78% vs 44%; p<0.001), especially in patients with HCV type 1 (67% vs 32%; p<0.001) and higher sustained response rates were observed in patients with the CC genotype who did not achieve rapid virological response (61% vs 30% in T allele patients; p=0.006).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Mancuso
- Maria Elisa Mancuso, MD, PhD, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Haemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy, Tel.: +39 02 5503 4072, Fax: +39 02 5503 2072, E-mail:
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Ponziani FR, Viganò R, Iemmolo RM, Donato MF, Rendina M, Toniutto P, Pasulo L, Morelli MC, Burra P, Miglioresi L, Merli M, Di Paolo D, Fagiuoli S, Gasbarrini A, Pompili M, Belli L, Gerunda GE, Marino M, Montalti R, Di Benedetto F, De Ruvo N, Rigamonti C, Colombo M, Rossi G, Di Leo A, Lupo L, Memeo V, Bringiotti R, Zappimbulso M, Bitetto D, Vero V, Colpani M, Fornasiere E, Pinna AD, Morelli MC, Bertuzzo V, De Martin E, Senzolo M, Ettorre GM, Visco-Comandini U, Antonucci G, Angelico M, Tisone G, Giannelli V, Giusto M. Long-term maintenance of sustained virological response in liver transplant recipients treated for recurrent hepatitis C. Dig Liver Dis 2014; 46:440-5. [PMID: 24635906 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2014.01.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recurrence of hepatitis C viral infection is common after liver transplant, and achieving a sustained virological response to antiviral treatment is desirable for reducing the risk of graft loss and improving patients' survival. AIM To investigate the long-term maintenance of sustained virological response in liver transplant recipients with hepatitis C recurrence. METHODS 436 Liver transplant recipients (74.1% genotype 1) who underwent combined antiviral therapy for hepatitis C recurrence were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS The overall sustained virological response rate was 40% (173/436 patients), and the mean follow-up after liver transplantation was 11±3.5 years (range, 5-24). Patients with a sustained virological response demonstrated a 5-year survival rate of 97% and a 10-year survival rate of 93%; all but 6 (3%) patients remained hepatitis C virus RNA-negative during follow-up. Genotype non-1 (p=0.007), treatment duration >80% of the scheduled period (p=0.027), and early virological response (p=0.002), were associated with the maintenance of sustained virological response as indicated by univariate analysis. Early virological response was the only independent predictor of sustained virological response maintenance (p=0.008). CONCLUSIONS Sustained virological response achieved after combined antiviral treatment is maintained in liver transplant patients with recurrent hepatitis C and is associated with an excellent 5-year survival.
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Sato M, Kato N, Tateishi R, Muroyama R, Kowatari N, Li W, Goto K, Otsuka M, Shiina S, Yoshida H, Omata M, Koike K. IL28B minor allele is associated with a younger age of onset of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Gastroenterol 2014; 49:748-54. [PMID: 23689989 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-013-0826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL28B polymorphisms were shown to be associated with a response to peg-interferon-based treatment in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and spontaneous clearance. However, little is known about how this polymorphism affects the course of CHC, including the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We evaluated the influence of IL28B polymorphisms on hepatocarcinogenesis in CHC patients. METHODS We genotyped the rs8099917 single-nucleotide polymorphism in 351 hepatitis C-associated HCC patients without history of IFN-based treatment, and correlated the age at onset of HCC in patients with each genotype. RESULTS Frequencies of TT, TG, and GG genotypes were 74.3 % (261/351), 24.8 % (87/351), and 0.9 % (3/351), respectively. The mean ages at onset of HCC for TT, TG, and GG genotypes were 69.9, 67.5 and 66.8, respectively. In multivariate analysis, IL28B minor allele (TG and GG genotypes) was an independent risk factor for younger age at onset of HCC (P = 0.02) in males (P < 0.001) with higher body mass index (BMI; P = 0.009). The IL28B minor allele was also associated with a lower probability of having aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) >1.5 (minor vs. major, 46.7 vs. 58.6 %; P = 0.01), lower AST (69.1 vs. 77.7 IU/L, P = 0.02), lower ALT (67.8 vs. 80.9 IU/L, P = 0.002), higher platelet count (12.8 vs. 11.2 × 10(4)/μL, P = 0.002), and higher prothrombin time (79.3 vs. 75.4 %, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS The IL28B minor allele was associated with lower inflammatory activity and less progressed fibrosis of the liver; however, it constituted a risk factor for younger-age onset of HCC in CHC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Sato M, Kondo M, Tateishi R, Fujiwara N, Kato N, Yoshida H, Taguri M, Koike K. Impact of IL28B genetic variation on HCV-induced liver fibrosis, inflammation, and steatosis: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91822. [PMID: 24637774 PMCID: PMC3956722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS IL28B polymorphisms were shown to be strongly associated with the response to interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and spontaneous viral clearance. However, little is known about how these polymorphisms affect the natural course of the disease. Thus, we conducted the present meta-analysis to assess the impact of IL28B polymorphisms on disease progression. METHODS A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Integrated odds ratios (OR) were calculated with a fixed-effects or random-effects model based on heterogeneity analyses. RESULTS We identified 28 studies that included 10,024 patients. The pooled results indicated that the rs12979860 genotype CC was significantly associated (vs. genotype CT/TT; OR, 1.122; 95%CI, 1.003-1.254; P = 0.044), and that the rs8099917 genotype TT tended to be (vs. genotype TG/GG; OR, 1.126; 95%CI, 0.988-1.284; P = 0.076) associated, with an increased possibility of severe fibrosis. Both rs12979860 CC (vs. CT/TT; OR, 1.288; 95%CI, 1.050-1.581; P = 0.015) and rs8099917 TT (vs. TG/GG; OR, 1.324; 95%CI, 1.110-1.579; P = 0.002) were significantly associated with a higher possibility of severe inflammation activity. Rs8099917 TT was also significantly associated with a lower possibility of severe steatosis (vs. TG/GG; OR, 0.580; 95%CI, 0.351-0.959; P = 0.034), whereas rs12979860 CC was not associated with hepatic steatosis (vs. CT/TT; OR, 1.062; 95%CI, 0.415-2.717; P = 0.901). CONCLUSIONS IL28B polymorphisms appeared to modify the natural course of disease in patients with CHC. Disease progression seems to be promoted in patients with the rs12979860 CC and rs8099917 TT genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayuko Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tateishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Kato
- Unit of Disease Control Genome Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masataka Taguri
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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De Re V, Gragnani L, Fognani E, Piluso A, Izzo F, Mangia A, Crovatto M, Gava G, Casarin P, Sansonno D, Racanelli V, De Vita S, Pioltelli P, Caggiari L, De Zorzi M, Berretta M, Gini A, Zucchetto A, Buonaguro FM, De Paoli P, Zignego AL. Impact of immunogenetic IL28B polymorphism on natural outcome of HCV infection. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:710642. [PMID: 24707497 PMCID: PMC3955679 DOI: 10.1155/2014/710642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of investigating whether interleukin 28B gene (IL28B) rs1297860 polymorphism is associated with different hepatitis C (HCV) infection statuses, we compared IL28B allelic distribution in an Italian case series of 1050 patients with chronic infection and different outcomes, 47 individuals who spontaneously cleared HCV, and 178 blood donors. Furthermore, we compared IL28B variants among 3882 Caucasian patients with chronic infection, 397 with spontaneous clearance, and 1366 blood donors reported in PubMed. Overall data confirmed a relation between IL28B C allele and HCV spontaneous clearance. Furthermore, we found that IL28B T allele had a weak relation with chronic HCV progression to hepatocellular carcinoma. Study findings are in accordance with the hepatocellular carcinogenic model where IL28B TT genotype, by promoting a persistent chronic hepatitis which leads to both hepatocyte injury and chronic inflammation, could facilitate HCC development. Conversely, patients with lymphoproliferative disorders had not any significantly different IL28B rs1297860 allelic distribution than those with chronic HCV, but, like all chronic HCV-related diseases, they showed a lower CC frequency than patients who spontaneously cleared HCV. Study results confirmed the model of persistent HCV infection as a risk factor for the pathogenesis of both liver and lymphoproliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valli De Re
- Bio-Proteomics Facility, Department of Translational Research, CRO, National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Laura Gragnani
- Interdepartmental Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Virus MASVE, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Elisa Fognani
- Interdepartmental Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Virus MASVE, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessia Piluso
- Interdepartmental Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Virus MASVE, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Izzo
- Hepatobiliary Unit, National Cancer Institute “Fondazione Pascale”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mangia
- Liver Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Marina Crovatto
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Unit, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital Pordenone, 33170 Pordenone, Italy
| | - Graziella Gava
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Unit, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital Pordenone, 33170 Pordenone, Italy
| | - Pietro Casarin
- Internal Medicine-Liver Unit, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital Pordenone, 33170 Pordenone, Italy
| | - Domenico Sansonno
- Immunology Section, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Racanelli
- Immunology Section, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Salvatore De Vita
- Clinic of Rheumatology, Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Pietro Pioltelli
- Hematology and Transplant Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Laura Caggiari
- Bio-Proteomics Facility, Department of Translational Research, CRO, National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Mariangela De Zorzi
- Bio-Proteomics Facility, Department of Translational Research, CRO, National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Gini
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Antonella Zucchetto
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Franco Maria Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology, National Cancer Institute “Fondazione Pascale”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo De Paoli
- Bio-Proteomics Facility, Department of Translational Research, CRO, National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Anna Linda Zignego
- Interdepartmental Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Virus MASVE, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
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91
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Dongiovanni P, Anstee QM, Valenti L. Genetic predisposition in NAFLD and NASH: impact on severity of liver disease and response to treatment. Curr Pharm Des 2014; 19:5219-38. [PMID: 23394097 PMCID: PMC3850262 DOI: 10.2174/13816128113199990381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver fat deposition related to systemic insulin resistance defines non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which, when associated with oxidative hepatocellular damage, inflammation, and activation of fibrogenesis, i.e. non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), can progress towards cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Due to the epidemic of obesity, NAFLD is now the most frequent liver disease and the leading cause of altered liver enzymes in Western countries. Epidemiological, familial, and twin studies provide evidence for an element of heritability of NAFLD. Genetic modifiers of disease severity and progression have been identified through genome-wide association studies. These include the Patatin-like phosholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) gene variant I148M as a major determinant of inter-individual and ethnicity-related differences in hepatic fat content independent of insulin resistance and serum lipid concentration. Association studies confirm that the I148M polymorphism is also a strong modifier of NASH and progressive hepatic injury. Furthermore, a few large multicentre case-control studies have demonstrated a role for genetic variants implicated in insulin signalling, oxidative stress, and fibrogenesis in the progression of NAFLD towards fibrosing NASH, and confirm that hepatocellular fat accumulation and insulin resistance are key operative mechanisms closely involved in the progression of liver damage. It is now important to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations between gene variants and progressive liver disease, and to evaluate their impact on the response to available therapies. It is hoped that this knowledge will offer further insights into pathogenesis, suggest novel therapeutic targets, and could help guide physicians towards individualised therapy that improves clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Dongiovanni
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, section Internal Medicine, Università degli Studi Milano, UO Medicina Interna1B, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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92
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Muir AJ, Gong L, Johnson SG, Lee MTM, Williams MS, Klein TE, Caudle KE, Nelson DR. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guidelines for IFNL3 (IL28B) genotype and PEG interferon-α-based regimens. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2014; 95:141-6. [PMID: 24096968 PMCID: PMC3904555 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2013.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pegylated interferon-α (PEG-IFN-α or PEG-IFN 2a and 2b)- and ribavirin (RBV)-based regimens are the mainstay for treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1. IFNL3 (IL28B) genotype is the strongest baseline predictor of response to PEG-IFN-α and RBV therapy in previously untreated patients and can be used by patients and clinicians as part of the shared decision-making process for initiating treatment for HCV infection. We provide information regarding the clinical use of PEG-IFN-α- and RBV-containing regimens based on IFNL3 genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Muir
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - L Gong
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - S G Johnson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Clinical Pharmacy Services, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - M T M Lee
- Laboratory for International Alliance on Genomic Research, RIKEN Center for Genomic Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- National Center for Genome Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - M S Williams
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - T E Klein
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - K E Caudle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - D R Nelson
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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93
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Matsuura K, Watanabe T, Tanaka Y. Role of IL28B for chronic hepatitis C treatment toward personalized medicine. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 29:241-9. [PMID: 24325405 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies recently revealed that certain interleukin-28B (IL28B) polymorphisms are strongly associated with responses to pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) therapy in patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1, as well as with spontaneous clearance of HCV. Subsequent reports revealed that IL28B genotypes also affect treatment efficacy in chronic infection with other HCV genotypes. Furthermore, there have been several reports that implicate IL28B genotypes in inflammatory status, progression of fibrosis and adverse clinical outcomes in chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Therapy of CHC recently entered a new era with the deployment of direct-acting antivirals. These include nonstructural 3/4A protease inhibitors which have shown promise in combination with PEG-IFN/RBV in several clinical trials. IFN-free therapy is expected to be useful especially in IFN-resistant patients and may become the standard of care in the future. Several clinical trials have revealed an association between IL28B genotype and treatment efficacy in triple therapy or IFN-free regimens. On the other hand the mechanism of the effect of IL28B on HCV infection has not yet been elucidated. Recently, it was shown that the polymorphism of IFN-lambda 4 (IFNL4) is in high linkage disequilibrium with that of near IL28B, and more strongly associated with spontaneous or treatment-induced HCV clearance than IL28B genotypes, especially in individuals of African ancestry. This finding provides new insights into the genetic regulation of HCV clearance and its clinical management. IL28B genotyping will be also useful for personalized CHC treatment in the forthcoming era of direct-acting antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Matsuura
- Department of Virology, Liver Unit, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan; Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
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94
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Xia P, Zhou M, Dong DS, Xing YN, Bai Y. Association of polymorphisms in interleukin-18 and interleukin-28B genes with outcomes of hepatitis B virus infections: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:1129-37. [PMID: 24026885 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1151-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Several polymorphisms in the interleukin-18 (IL-18) and nterleukin-28B (IL-28B) genes have been reported to influence hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, the published findings have been conflicting. We conducted meta-analyses of randomized, controlled trials to address the association of IL-18 or IL-28B polymorphisms and the outcomes of HBV infection. Weipu, Wanfang, CNKI, MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were employed to search for citations using the MeSH terms as "interleukin-18"/"interleukin-28B" AND "HBV" AND "gene" AND "polymorphism" without any restriction in language and publication year. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.0 software. The results showed that the IL28B rs8099917 AA genotype (AA vs AC + CC: odds ratio (OR) = 0.63, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.46-0.87) was associated with a decreased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Carriage of IL28B rs12979860 CC genotype was associated with an increased risk for developing liver cirrhosis among patients with HBV infection (CC vs CT + TT: OR = 1.39, 95 % CI = 1.04-1.85). Further well-designed large studies are warranted to confirm the mechanisms by which these are involved in these outcomes of HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, People's Republic of China,
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95
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Zekri ARN, Salama H, Medhat E, Bahnassy AA, Morsy HM, Lotfy MM, Ahmed R, Darwish T, Marei MS. IL28B rs12979860 gene polymorphism in Egyptian patients with chronic liver disease infected with HCV. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:7213-8. [PMID: 25227816 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.17.7213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Egypt has one of the highest prevalences of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection worldwide. Although the IL28B gene polymorphism has been shown to modify the course of chronic HCV infection, this has not been properly assessed in the Egyptian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS The IL28B rs12979860 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was therefore examined in 256 HCV-infected Egyptian patients (group II) at different stages of disease progression and in 48 healthy volunteers (group I). Group II was subdivided into GII-A (chronic hepatitis patients, n=119), GII-B (post hepatitis cirrhosis, n=66) and GII-C (HCC on top of cirrhosis, n=71). RESULTS The C/T genotype was the commonest in all groups. It was more frequent in GI (52%) than in GII (48%). There was no significant difference in the frequency of C/T and C/C or T/T genotypes between groups and subgroups (p=0.82). Within the subgroups; the C/C genotype was more common in GII-B while C/T and T/T genotypes were more common in GII-C, though with no significant difference (p=0.59 and p=0.80). There was no significant association between IL28B rs12979860 SNP and viral load, ALT, AFP level, METAVIR scores for necro-inflammation and fibrosis, and Child-Pugh classification. CONCLUSIONS 1) IL28Brs12979860 C/T genotype is the commonest genotype in HCV-associated CH and HCC in Egypt. 2) IL28Brs12979860 polymorphisms are not associated with disease progression or aggression (histological staging, severity of fibrosis in CH or the incidence of post-HCV HCC). 3) Differences in IL28Brs12979860 genotypes could be a consequence of environmental or ethnic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Rahman N Zekri
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt E-mail :
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96
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Kil H, Jeong SH, Kim JW, Byoun YS, Min BY, Woo BH, Lee YJ, Kim YS. Role of interleukin-28B genetic polymorphisms in Korean patients with hepatitis C virus infection. Gut Liver 2014; 8:70-8. [PMID: 24516704 PMCID: PMC3916691 DOI: 10.5009/gnl.2014.8.1.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS This study investigated the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the interleukin-28B (IL28B) gene with respect to clinical outcomes and the antiviral response in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection to suggest the practical utility of IL28B genotyping in Korea. METHODS Two SNPs near IL28B, rs12979860 and rs8099917, were analyzed using an allelic discrimination assay in a total of 454 individuals, including 147 health-check examinees and 307 patients with HCV infection. RESULTS The CC genotype frequency was significantly higher in the spontaneous recovery group than in the chronic infection group and was higher in the chronic hepatitis group than in the liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma group, suggesting its favorable role in the clinical outcome. Multivariate analysis revealed that the rs12979860 CC genotype was an independent predictor of sustained virologic response (SVR) in genotype 1 HCV infection. During the currently used response-guided therapy, IL28B genotyping was most helpful for the patients who exhibit early virologic responses without rapid virologic responses, as those patients exhibiting the non-CC type did not achieve SVR, although they represented approximately one-third of the total patients. CONCLUSIONS The IL28B SNP is an independent predictor of SVR. Our results may be helpful if the findings are carefully applied to select patients in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Kil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sook-Hyang Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Young Sang Byoun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Bo Young Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Byung-Hyun Woo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Youn Jae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Baik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Young Seok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
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Nakamura M, Kanda T, Nakamoto S, Miyamura T, Jiang X, Wu S, Yokosuka O. No correlation between PNPLA3 rs738409 genotype and fatty liver and hepatic cirrhosis in Japanese patients with HCV. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81312. [PMID: 24349054 PMCID: PMC3859490 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and is also related to fatty change of the liver. Variation in patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) gene is associated with disease progression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recent reports have suggested that PNPLA3, IL28B and TLR4-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may have an impact on hepatic steatosis or fibrosis in patients with chronic HCV infection. Methods and Findings Four SNPs (PNPLA3 rs738409, TLR4 rs4986790, TLR4 rs4986791, IL28B rs8099917) were identified in Japanese patients infected with HCV. We examined the association between the distribution of these SNP alleles and fatty change of the liver or existence of hepatic cirrhosis diagnosed by ultrasonography, one of the widely accessible and easy-to-use methods. PNPLA3 rs738409 G-allele and IL28B rs 8099917 minor allele were found in 70.0% and 31.1%, respectively. These two TLR4 SNPs were uniform in Japanese. Fatty change of the liver developed independent of the abscence of hepatic cirrhosis on sonographic findings and younger age. Hepatic cirrhosis was associated with a higher aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index (APRI), no fatty change of the liver, higher BMI and higher AFP levels. No association between PNPLA3 rs738409/IL28B rs8099917 genotypes and hepatic steatosis or liver fibrosis was observed. Conclusions According to ultrasound examinations, no association between PNPLA3 rs738409 genotype and fatty change of the liver or hepatic cirrhosis was found in Japanese patients infected with HCV. Together, our results suggested that the mechanism of hepatic steatosis underlying HCV infection might differ from that of NAFLD and should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shingo Nakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Molecular Virology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Miyamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Osamu Yokosuka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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No correlation between PNPLA3 rs738409 genotype and fatty liver and hepatic cirrhosis in Japanese patients with HCV. PLoS One 2013. [PMID: 24349054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081312.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and is also related to fatty change of the liver. Variation in patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) gene is associated with disease progression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recent reports have suggested that PNPLA3, IL28B and TLR4-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may have an impact on hepatic steatosis or fibrosis in patients with chronic HCV infection. METHODS AND FINDINGS Four SNPs (PNPLA3 rs738409, TLR4 rs4986790, TLR4 rs4986791, IL28B rs8099917) were identified in Japanese patients infected with HCV. We examined the association between the distribution of these SNP alleles and fatty change of the liver or existence of hepatic cirrhosis diagnosed by ultrasonography, one of the widely accessible and easy-to-use methods. PNPLA3 rs738409 G-allele and IL28B rs 8099917 minor allele were found in 70.0% and 31.1%, respectively. These two TLR4 SNPs were uniform in Japanese. Fatty change of the liver developed independent of the abscence of hepatic cirrhosis on sonographic findings and younger age. Hepatic cirrhosis was associated with a higher aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index (APRI), no fatty change of the liver, higher BMI and higher AFP levels. No association between PNPLA3 rs738409/IL28B rs8099917 genotypes and hepatic steatosis or liver fibrosis was observed. CONCLUSIONS According to ultrasound examinations, no association between PNPLA3 rs738409 genotype and fatty change of the liver or hepatic cirrhosis was found in Japanese patients infected with HCV. Together, our results suggested that the mechanism of hepatic steatosis underlying HCV infection might differ from that of NAFLD and should be explored.
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Garcia RFL, Moreira S, Ramos ALDA, Ferreira LE, Mattos AAD, Tovo CV, Nader LA, Ramos JA, Rondinelli E, Dominici ADJ, Garcia CE, Pinho MDSL, Brandão-Mello CE, Villela-Nogueira CA, França PHCD. Interleukin 28B-related polymorphisms: a pathway for understanding hepatitis C virus infection? World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:7399-404. [PMID: 24259970 PMCID: PMC3831221 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i42.7399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To analyze the role of rs12979860 and rs8099917 polymorphisms in hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection of Brazilians. METHODS A total of 145 adult patients diagnosed with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C (CHC) who had completed a 48-wk regimen of pegylated-interferon α-2a or -2b plus ribavirin combination therapy were recruited from six large urban healthcare centers and 199 healthy blood donors (controls) from a single site between January 2010 and January 2012. Data on the patients' response to treatment was collected. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping of the interleukin (IL)28B gene fragment encompassing the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs12979860 (C/T) and rs8099917 (T/G) was carried out for 79 of the CHC patients and 199 of the controls. Bi-directional amplicon sequencing of the two SNPs was carried out for the remaining 66 CHC patients. RESULTS SNP rs12979860 genotyping was successful in 99.5% of the controls and 97.2% of the CHC patients, whereas the SNP rs8099917 genotyping was successful in 95.5% of the controls and 100% of the CHC patients. The genotype and allele distributions for both rs12979860 and rs8099917 were significantly different between the control and CHC patient groups, with significantly higher genotype frequencies of CC and TT in the controls (P = 0.037 and 0.046, respectively) and of TT and GG in the CHC patients (P = 0.0009 and 0.0001, respectively). Analysis of the CHC patients who achieved sustained virological response (SVR) to treatment (n = 55) indicated that the rs12979860 C allele and CC genotype were predictors of SVR (P = 0.02). No significant correlation was found between rs8099917 genotypes and treatment response, but carriers of the T allele showed significantly higher rates of SVR (P = 0.02). Linkage disequilibrium analysis of the group that achieved SVR showed a significant association between rs12979860 and rs8099917 (P = 0.07). CONCLUSION The higher allele frequency of rs12979860 C and rs8099917 T observed in non-HCV-infected individuals may indicate a potential protective role for these IL28B-related polymorphisms.
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