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Vitamin C Cytotoxicity and Its Effects in Redox Homeostasis and Energetic Metabolism in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Lines. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050809. [PMID: 34065197 PMCID: PMC8161084 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-dose of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid, ascorbate) exhibits anti-tumoral effects, primarily mediated by pro-oxidant mechanisms. This cytotoxic effect is thought to affect the reciprocal crosstalk between redox balance and cell metabolism in different cancer types. Vitamin C also inhibits the growth of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cells, although the metabolic and redox effects remain to be fully understood. To shed light on these aspects, PTC-derived cell lines harboring the most common genetic alterations characterizing this tumor were used. Cell viability, apoptosis, and the metabolome were explored by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide test (MTT), flow cytometry, and UHPLC/MS. Changes were observed in redox homeostasis, with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and perturbation in antioxidants and electron carriers, leading to cell death by both apoptosis and necrosis. The oxidative stress contributed to the metabolic alterations in both glycolysis and TCA cycle. Our results confirm the pro-oxidant effect of vitamin C as relevant in triggering the cytotoxicity in PTC cells and suggest that inhibition of glycolysis and alteration of TCA cycle via NAD+ depletion can play an important role in this mechanism of PTC cancer cell death.
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52
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Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Supplementation Reverses the Declining Quality of Maternally Aged Oocytes. Cell Rep 2021; 32:107987. [PMID: 32755581 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced maternal age is highly associated with a decline in oocyte quality, but effective approaches to improve it have still not been fully determined. Here, we report that in vivo supplementation of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) efficaciously improves the quality of oocytes from naturally aged mice by recovering nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels. NMN supplementation not only increases ovulation of aged oocytes but also enhances their meiotic competency and fertilization ability by maintaining the normal spindle/chromosome structure and the dynamics of the cortical granule component ovastacin. Moreover, single-cell transcriptome analysis shows that the beneficial effect of NMN on aged oocytes is mediated by restoration of mitochondrial function, eliminating the accumulated ROS to suppress apoptosis. Collectively, our data reveal that NMN supplementation is a feasible approach to protect oocytes from advanced maternal age-related deterioration, contributing to the improvement of reproductive outcome of aged women and assisted reproductive technology.
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53
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Improving the production of NAD + via multi-strategy metabolic engineering in Escherichia coli. Metab Eng 2021; 64:122-133. [PMID: 33577950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential coenzyme involved in numerous physiological processes. As an attractive product in the industrial field, NAD+ also plays an important role in oxidoreductase-catalyzed reactions, drug synthesis, and the treatment of diseases, such as dementia, diabetes, and vascular dysfunction. Currently, although the biotechnology to construct NAD+-overproducing strains has been developed, limited regulation and low productivity still hamper its use on large scales. Here, we describe multi-strategy metabolic engineering to address the NAD+-production bottleneck in E. coli. First, blocking the degradation pathway of NAD(H) increased the accumulation of NAD+ by 39%. Second, key enzymes involved in the Preiss-Handler pathway of NAD+ synthesis were overexpressed and led to a 221% increase in the NAD+ concentration. Third, the PRPP synthesis module and Preiss-Handler pathway were combined to strengthen the precursors supply, which resulted in enhancement of NAD+ content by 520%. Fourth, increasing the ATP content led to an increase in the concentration of NAD+ by 170%. Finally, with the combination of all above strategies, a strain with a high yield of NAD+ was constructed, with the intracellular NAD+ concentration reaching 26.9 μmol/g DCW, which was 834% that of the parent strain. This study presents an efficient design of an NAD+-producing strain through global regulation metabolic engineering.
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54
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Exogenous NAD + Postpones the D-Gal-Induced Senescence of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Sirt1 Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020254. [PMID: 33562281 PMCID: PMC7915830 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell senescence is accompanied by decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels; however, whether exogenous NAD+ affects bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) senescence and the involved mechanisms is still unclear. Here, we find that exogenous NAD+ replenishment significantly postpones BMSC senescence induced by D-galactose (D-gal). It is also shown that exogenous NAD+ leads to increased intracellular NAD+ levels and reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species in senescent BMSCs here. Further investigation showed that exogenous NAD+ weakened BMSC senescence by increasing Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) expression. Moreover, exogenous NAD+ reduced senescence-associated-β-galactosidase activity, and downregulated poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 expression. In addition, the reduced expression of Sirt1 by small interfering RNA abolished the beneficial effects of exogenous NAD+ in terms of postponing BMSCs senescence induced by D-gal. Taken together, our results indicate that exogenous NAD+ could postpone D-gal-induced BMSC senescence through Sirt1 signaling, providing a potential method for obtaining high quality BMSCs to support their research and clinical application.
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55
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Generation and assessment of high-quality mouse oocytes and embryos following nicotinamide mononucleotide administration. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100298. [PMID: 33532742 PMCID: PMC7829339 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The low quality of oocytes is one of the main causes of the suboptimal reproductive outcome of female mammals with advanced maternal age. Here, we present a detailed protocol to obtain high-quality oocytes and embryos from aged mice by nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) administration. We also describe fluorescence staining procedures to assess the organelle dynamics in oocytes, and in vitro fertilization and embryo culture systems to evaluate the influence of NMN on the fertilization ability and embryonic development potential. For complete information on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Miao et al. (2020). A protocol for harvest of high-quality mouse oocytes and embryos by NMN treatment Fluorescence staining and confocal imaging to evaluate oocyte quality In vitro fertilization and embryo culture procedures to assess embryo quality
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56
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Navas LE, Carnero A. NAD + metabolism, stemness, the immune response, and cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:2. [PMID: 33384409 PMCID: PMC7775471 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NAD+ was discovered during yeast fermentation, and since its discovery, its important roles in redox metabolism, aging, and longevity, the immune system and DNA repair have been highlighted. A deregulation of the NAD+ levels has been associated with metabolic diseases and aging-related diseases, including neurodegeneration, defective immune responses, and cancer. NAD+ acts as a cofactor through its interplay with NADH, playing an essential role in many enzymatic reactions of energy metabolism, such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and the TCA cycle. NAD+ also plays a role in deacetylation by sirtuins and ADP ribosylation during DNA damage/repair by PARP proteins. Finally, different NAD hydrolase proteins also consume NAD+ while converting it into ADP-ribose or its cyclic counterpart. Some of these proteins, such as CD38, seem to be extensively involved in the immune response. Since NAD cannot be taken directly from food, NAD metabolism is essential, and NAMPT is the key enzyme recovering NAD from nicotinamide and generating most of the NAD cellular pools. Because of the complex network of pathways in which NAD+ is essential, the important role of NAD+ and its key generating enzyme, NAMPT, in cancer is understandable. In the present work, we review the role of NAD+ and NAMPT in the ways that they may influence cancer metabolism, the immune system, stemness, aging, and cancer. Finally, we review some ongoing research on therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola E Navas
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBER de Cancer, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain. .,CIBER de Cancer, Sevilla, Spain.
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57
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Xie N, Zhang L, Gao W, Huang C, Huber PE, Zhou X, Li C, Shen G, Zou B. NAD + metabolism: pathophysiologic mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:227. [PMID: 33028824 PMCID: PMC7539288 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00311-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and its metabolites function as critical regulators to maintain physiologic processes, enabling the plastic cells to adapt to environmental changes including nutrient perturbation, genotoxic factors, circadian disorder, infection, inflammation and xenobiotics. These effects are mainly achieved by the driving effect of NAD+ on metabolic pathways as enzyme cofactors transferring hydrogen in oxidation-reduction reactions. Besides, multiple NAD+-dependent enzymes are involved in physiology either by post-synthesis chemical modification of DNA, RNA and proteins, or releasing second messenger cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and NAADP+. Prolonged disequilibrium of NAD+ metabolism disturbs the physiological functions, resulting in diseases including metabolic diseases, cancer, aging and neurodegeneration disorder. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of NAD+-regulated physiological responses to stresses, the contribution of NAD+ deficiency to various diseases via manipulating cellular communication networks and the potential new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China
| | - Peter Ernst Huber
- CCU Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center; Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- First Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Changlong Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Guobo Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Bingwen Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- CCU Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center; Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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58
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Li M, Kirtane AR, Kiyokawa J, Nagashima H, Lopes A, Tirmizi ZA, Lee CK, Traverso G, Cahill DP, Wakimoto H. Local Targeting of NAD + Salvage Pathway Alters the Immune Tumor Microenvironment and Enhances Checkpoint Immunotherapy in Glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2020; 80:5024-5034. [PMID: 32998997 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aggressive primary brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by aberrant metabolism that fuels its malignant phenotype. Diverse genetic subtypes of malignant glioma are sensitive to selective inhibition of the NAD+ salvage pathway enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). However, the potential impact of NAD+ depletion on the brain tumor microenvironment has not been elaborated. In addition, systemic toxicity of NAMPT inhibition remains a significant concern. Here we show that microparticle-mediated intratumoral delivery of NAMPT inhibitor GMX1778 induces specific immunologic changes in the tumor microenvironment of murine GBM, characterized by upregulation of immune checkpoint PD-L1, recruitment of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells, and reduction of M2-polarized immunosuppressive macrophages. NAD+ depletion and autophagy induced by NAMPT inhibitors mediated the upregulation of PD-L1 transcripts and cell surface protein levels in GBM cells. NAMPT inhibitor modulation of the tumor immune microenvironment was therefore combined with PD-1 checkpoint blockade in vivo, significantly increasing the survival of GBM-bearing animals. Thus, the therapeutic impacts of NAMPT inhibition extended beyond neoplastic cells, shaping surrounding immune effectors. Microparticle delivery and release of NAMPT inhibitor at the tumor site offers a safe and robust means to alter an immune tumor microenvironment that could potentiate checkpoint immunotherapy for glioblastoma. SIGNIFICANCE: Microparticle-mediated local inhibition of NAMPT modulates the tumor immune microenvironment and acts cooperatively with anti-PD-1 checkpoint blockade, offering a combination immunotherapy strategy for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ameya R Kirtane
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Juri Kiyokawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hiroaki Nagashima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aaron Lopes
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Zain A Tirmizi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christine K Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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59
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Rawat D, Chhonker SK, Naik RA, Koiri RK. Modulation of antioxidant enzymes, SIRT1 and NF-κB by resveratrol and nicotinamide in alcohol-aflatoxin B1-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 35:e22625. [PMID: 32894639 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and is associated with poor prognosis. The current study aimed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of resveratrol when administered alone and in combination with nicotinamide against alcohol-aflatoxin B1-induced HCC. Results reveal that during the development and progression of cancer, there was a decline in the level of antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase (GR), antioxidant glutathione, and glutathione S-transferase, which is an enzyme of detoxification pathways. Treatment of resveratrol restored the level of catalase and glutathione peroxidase toward normal in alcohol-aflatoxin B1-induced HCC; however, nicotinamide worked in concert with resveratrol only in upregulating the activity of glutathione reductase, glutathione level, and glutathione S-transferase. SIRT1 agonist resveratrol was observed to modulate the activity of antioxidant enzymes by negatively regulating the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in alcohol-aflatoxin B1-induced HCC, thereby suggesting a cross-talk between antioxidant enzymes SIRT1 and NF-κB during the development and progression of HCC and its therapeutics by resveratrol and nicotinamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Rawat
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Chhonker
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rayees Ahmad Naik
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Raj Kumar Koiri
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
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60
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Jones CL, Stevens BM, Pollyea DA, Culp-Hill R, Reisz JA, Nemkov T, Gehrke S, Gamboni F, Krug A, Winters A, Pei S, Gustafson A, Ye H, Inguva A, Amaya M, Minhajuddin M, Abbott D, Becker MW, DeGregori J, Smith CA, D'Alessandro A, Jordan CT. Nicotinamide Metabolism Mediates Resistance to Venetoclax in Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cells. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 27:748-764.e4. [PMID: 32822582 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that leukemia stem cells (LSCs) in de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients are selectively reliant on amino acid metabolism and that treatment with the combination of venetoclax and azacitidine (ven/aza) inhibits amino acid metabolism, leading to cell death. In contrast, ven/aza fails to eradicate LSCs in relapsed/refractory (R/R) patients, suggesting altered metabolic properties. Detailed metabolomic analysis revealed elevated nicotinamide metabolism in relapsed LSCs, which activates both amino acid metabolism and fatty acid oxidation to drive OXPHOS, thereby providing a means for LSCs to circumvent the cytotoxic effects of ven/aza therapy. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme in nicotinamide metabolism, demonstrated selective eradication of R/R LSCs while sparing normal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that elevated nicotinamide metabolism is both the mechanistic basis for ven/aza resistance and a metabolic vulnerability of R/R LSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney L Jones
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Brett M Stevens
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel A Pollyea
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rachel Culp-Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Julie A Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Travis Nemkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sarah Gehrke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Fabia Gamboni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Anna Krug
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Amanda Winters
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Shanshan Pei
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Annika Gustafson
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Haobin Ye
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Anagha Inguva
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Maria Amaya
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Diana Abbott
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Michael W Becker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - James DeGregori
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Clayton A Smith
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Craig T Jordan
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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61
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Huang J, Schaefer J, Wang Y, Gioia L, Pei Y, Shi X, Waris S, Zhao C, Nguyen J, Du J. Metabolic signature of eyelid basal cell carcinoma. Exp Eye Res 2020; 198:108140. [PMID: 32649951 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Eyelid basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common eyelid malignancy. Metabolic reprogramming is critical in tumorigenesis, but the metabolic feature of eyelid BCC remains elusive. In this study, we aim to reveal the metabolic profile in eyelid BCC using targeted metabolomics. Eyelid samples were collected from patients who had removal of BCC and from control patients who underwent blepharoplasty. Multivariate analysis of metabolomics data distinguished the two groups, indicating that eyelid BCC has significantly different metabolome than the healthy tissue. We found 16 increased and 11 decreased metabolites in the BCC tissues. These metabolites were highly enriched in the metabolism of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), glutathione metabolism, polyamine metabolism, and the metabolism of glycine, serine, threonine, arginine and proline. amino acid metabolism. Metabolites from NAD metabolism (Nicotinamide; Nicotinamide riboside; N1-Methylnicotinamide) had the highest sensitivity, specificity, and prediction accuracy in a prediction model for eyelid BCC. In conclusion, eyelid BCC has a signature change of cell metabolome. Metabolites in NAD metabolic pathways could potentially be biomarkers or therapeutic targets for eyelid BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Huang
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (Fudan University), Shanghai, 200031, China; Department of Ophthalmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA; Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Jamie Schaefer
- Department of Ophthalmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Yekai Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA; Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Lauren Gioia
- Department of Ophthalmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Ying Pei
- Department of Industrial and Management System Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Xiaofei Shi
- Department of Industrial and Management System Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Shanawar Waris
- Department of Ophthalmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Chen Zhao
- Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (Fudan University), Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - John Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
| | - Jianhai Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA; Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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62
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Hornigold N, Dunn KR, Craven RA, Zougman A, Trainor S, Shreeve R, Brown J, Sewell H, Shires M, Knowles M, Fukuwatari T, Maher ER, Burns J, Bhattarai S, Menon M, Brazma A, Scelo G, Feulner L, Riazalhosseini Y, Lathrop M, Harris A, Selby PJ, Banks RE, Vasudev NS. Dysregulation at multiple points of the kynurenine pathway is a ubiquitous feature of renal cancer: implications for tumour immune evasion. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:137-147. [PMID: 32390008 PMCID: PMC7341846 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0874-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the first step in the kynurenine pathway (KP), is upregulated in some cancers and represents an attractive therapeutic target given its role in tumour immune evasion. However, the recent failure of an IDO inhibitor in a late phase trial raises questions about this strategy. METHODS Matched renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and normal kidney tissues were subject to proteomic profiling. Tissue immunohistochemistry and gene expression data were used to validate findings. Phenotypic effects of loss/gain of expression were examined in vitro. RESULTS Quinolate phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT), the final and rate-limiting enzyme in the KP, was identified as being downregulated in RCC. Loss of QPRT expression led to increased potential for anchorage-independent growth. Gene expression, mass spectrometry (clear cell and chromophobe RCC) and tissue immunohistochemistry (clear cell, papillary and chromophobe), confirmed loss or decreased expression of QPRT and showed downregulation of other KP enzymes, including kynurenine 3-monoxygenase (KMO) and 3-hydroxyanthranilate-3,4-dioxygenase (HAAO), with a concomitant maintenance or upregulation of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the key enzyme in the NAD+ salvage pathway. CONCLUSIONS Widespread dysregulation of the KP is common in RCC and is likely to contribute to tumour immune evasion, carrying implications for effective therapeutic targeting of this critical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Hornigold
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Karen R Dunn
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Rachel A Craven
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Alexandre Zougman
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Sebastian Trainor
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Rebecca Shreeve
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Joanne Brown
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Helen Sewell
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Michael Shires
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Margaret Knowles
- Molecular Genetics Group, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Tsutomu Fukuwatari
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassaka, Hikone, 5228533, Japan
| | - Eamonn R Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Julie Burns
- Molecular Genetics Group, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Selina Bhattarai
- Department of Pathology, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Mini Menon
- Department of Pathology, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Alvis Brazma
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Genetic Epidemiology Group, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon, France
| | - Lara Feulner
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Yasser Riazalhosseini
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Mark Lathrop
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Adrian Harris
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Peter J Selby
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Rosamonde E Banks
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Naveen S Vasudev
- Clinical and Biomedical Proteomics Group, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
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Usefulness of resveratrol supplementation in decreasing cardiometabolic risk factors comparing subjects with metabolic syndrome and healthy subjects with or without obesity: meta-analysis using multinational, randomised, controlled trials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 5:e98-e111. [PMID: 32529112 PMCID: PMC7277462 DOI: 10.5114/amsad.2020.95884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Resveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenolic compound, has been linked to some beneficial effects against cardiovascular disease (CVD). Material and methods We conducted a systematic search to conduct a meta-analysis on cardiometabolic risk factors modulated by RES targeting patients with metabolic syndrome (Met-S) and Obese/Healthy (O/H) subjects. The PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) research question was: Does RES among patients with Met-S and O/H subjects reduce the cardiometabolic risk? The first group was affected with MetS, which is defined as a clustering of abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia, and hypertension in a single individual. The second group was composed of 'obese/healthy' individuals, i.e. healthy subjects with or without obesity. We performed a literature search of MEDLINE/ PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for randomised, controlled trials (RCT) that estimated the effects of RES on cardiometabolic risk factors. Results We found 780 articles, of which 63 original articles and reviews were identified. Data from 17 well-conducted RCT studies, comprising 651 subjects, were extracted for analysis. Overall, RES had a significant influence on Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), resulting in a mean difference of -0.520665 (95% CI: -1.12791; -0.01439; p = 0.00113). In Met-S, RES significantly reduced glucose, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and total cholesterol (T-Chol) as detected by the mean difference of -1.069 (95% CI: -2.107, -0.032; p = 0.043), -0.924 (95% CI: -1.804, -0.043; p = 0.040), and -1.246 (95% CI: -2.314, -0.178; p = 0.022), respectively. Conclusions Despite some heterogeneity in the populations, RES supplementation seems to improve cardiometabolic health, decreasing some risk factors (HOMA-IR, LDL-C, and T-Chol) associated with CVD.
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Walczak K, Wnorowski A, Turski WA, Plech T. Kynurenic acid and cancer: facts and controversies. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:1531-1550. [PMID: 31659416 PMCID: PMC7162828 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03332-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous tryptophan metabolite exerting neuroprotective and anticonvulsant properties in the brain. However, its importance on the periphery is still not fully elucidated. KYNA is produced endogenously in various types of peripheral cells, tissues and by gastrointestinal microbiota. Furthermore, it was found in several products of daily human diet and its absorption in the digestive tract was evidenced. More recent studies were focused on the potential role of KYNA in carcinogenesis and cancer therapy; however, the results were ambiguous and the biological activity of KYNA in these processes has not been unequivocally established. This review aims to summarize the current views on the relationship between KYNA and cancer. The differences in KYNA concentration between physiological conditions and cancer, as well as KYNA production by both normal and cancer cells, will be discussed. The review also describes the effect of KYNA on cancer cell proliferation and the known potential molecular mechanisms of this activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Walczak
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Artur Wnorowski
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Waldemar A Turski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Plech
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
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Urinary Excretion of N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide and N1-methylnicotinamide in Renal Transplant Recipients and Donors. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020437. [PMID: 32041099 PMCID: PMC7074074 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
N1-methylnicotinamide (N1-MN) and N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (2Py) are successive end products of NAD+ catabolism. N1-MN excretion in 24-h urine is the established biomarker of niacin nutritional status, and recently shown to be reduced in renal transplant recipients (RTR). However, it is unclear whether 2Py excretion is increased in this population, and, if so, whether a shift in excretion of N1-MN to 2Py can be attributed to kidney function. Hence, we assessed the 24-h urinary excretion of 2Py and N1-MN in RTR and kidney donors before and after kidney donation, and investigated associations of the urinary ratio of 2Py to N1-MN (2Py/N1-MN) with kidney function, and independent determinants of urinary 2Py/N1-MN in RTR. The urinary excretion of 2Py and N1-MN was measured in a cross-sectional cohort of 660 RTR and 275 healthy kidney donors with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Linear regression analyses were used to investigate associations and determinants of urinary 2Py/N1-MN. Median 2Py excretion was 178.1 (130.3–242.8) μmol/day in RTR, compared to 155.6 (119.6–217.6) μmol/day in kidney donors (p < 0.001). In kidney donors, urinary 2Py/N1-MN increased significantly after kidney donation (4.0 ± 1.4 to 5.2 ± 1.5, respectively; p < 0.001). Smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were identified as independent determinants of urinary 2Py/N1-MN in RTR. In conclusion, the 24-h urinary excretion of 2Py is higher in RTR than in kidney donors, and urinary 2Py/N1-MN increases after kidney donation. As our data furthermore reveal strong associations of urinary 2Py/N1-MN with kidney function, interpretation of both N1-MN and 2Py excretion may be recommended for assessment of niacin nutritional status in conditions of impaired kidney function.
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Ye C, Qi L, Li X, Wang J, Yu J, Zhou B, Guo C, Chen J, Zheng S. Targeting the NAD + salvage pathway suppresses APC mutation-driven colorectal cancer growth and Wnt/β-catenin signaling via increasing Axin level. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:16. [PMID: 32005247 PMCID: PMC6995173 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-0513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The role and mechanism of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) salvage pathway in cancer cell proliferation is poorly understood. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), which converts nicotinamide into NAD+, is the rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD+ salvage pathway. Here, we assessed the role of NAMPT in the proliferation of colorectal cancer. Methods Real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and analyses of datasets from Oncomine and Gene Expression Omnibus were conducted to assess the expression of NAMPT at the mRNA and protein levels in colorectal cancer. The Kaplan Meier plotter online tool was used to evaluate the prognostic role of NAMPT. Knockdown of NAMPT was performed to assess the role of NAMPT in colorectal cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of NAMPT was used to evaluate impact of NAMPT on colorectal cancer cell proliferation in vitro. NAD+ quantitation, immunofluorescence, dual luciferase assay and western blot were used to explore the mechanism of colorectal cancer proliferation. Transwell migration and invasion assays were conducted to assess the role of NAMPT in cell migration and invasion abilities of colorectal cancer cells. Results Our study indicated that the inhibition of NAMPT decreased proliferation capacity of colorectal cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, overexpression of NAMPT could promote cell proliferation in vitro. NAMPT inhibition induced β-catenin degradation by increasing Axin expression levels; this resulted in the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and cell proliferation in colorectal cancer. The addition of nicotinamide mononucleotide, the enzymatic product of NAMPT, effectively reversed β-catenin protein degradation and inhibited growth. Similarly, the knockdown of Axin also decreased the cell death induced by the inhibition of NAMPT. In addition, we showed that colorectal cancer tissues harbored significantly higher levels of NAMPT than the levels harbored by paired normal tissues, especially in colorectal cancer stages I and II. And the overexpression of NAMPT was associated with unfavorable survival results. Conclusions Our findings reveal that NAMPT plays an important role in colorectal cancer proliferation via Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which could have vital implications for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Ye
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lina Qi
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofen Li
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310016, Hangzhou, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, 310016, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiekai Yu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Biting Zhou
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiani Chen
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu Zheng
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China. .,Reseach Center for Air Pollution and Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
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Murphy JP, Giacomantonio MA, Paulo JA, Everley RA, Kennedy BE, Pathak GP, Clements DR, Kim Y, Dai C, Sharif T, Gygi SP, Gujar S. The NAD + Salvage Pathway Supports PHGDH-Driven Serine Biosynthesis. Cell Rep 2020; 24:2381-2391.e5. [PMID: 30157431 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
NAD+ is a key metabolic redox cofactor that is regenerated from nicotinamide through the NAD+ salvage pathway. Here, we find that inhibiting the NAD+ salvage pathway depletes serine biosynthesis from glucose by impeding the NAD+-dependent protein, 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH). Importantly, we find that PHGDHhigh breast cancer cell lines are exquisitely sensitive to inhibition of the NAD+ salvage pathway. Further, we find that PHGDH protein levels and those of the rate-limiting enzyme of NAD+ salvage, NAMPT, correlate in ER-negative, basal-like breast cancers. Although NAD+ salvage pathway inhibitors are actively being pursued in cancer treatment, their efficacy has been poor, and our findings suggest that they may be effective for PHGDH-dependent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Patrick Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert A Everley
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Barry E Kennedy
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Gopal P Pathak
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Derek R Clements
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Youra Kim
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Cathleen Dai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Tanveer Sharif
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Shashi Gujar
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Centre for Innovative and Collaborative Health Services Research, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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Wilk A, Hayat F, Cunningham R, Li J, Garavaglia S, Zamani L, Ferraris DM, Sykora P, Andrews J, Clark J, Davis A, Chaloin L, Rizzi M, Migaud M, Sobol RW. Extracellular NAD + enhances PARP-dependent DNA repair capacity independently of CD73 activity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:651. [PMID: 31959836 PMCID: PMC6971268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57506-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels that compromise mitochondrial function trigger release of DNA damaging reactive oxygen species. NAD+ levels also affect DNA repair capacity as NAD+ is a substrate for PARP-enzymes (mono/poly-ADP-ribosylation) and sirtuins (deacetylation). The ecto-5′-nucleotidase CD73, an ectoenzyme highly expressed in cancer, is suggested to regulate intracellular NAD+ levels by processing NAD+ and its bio-precursor, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), from tumor microenvironments, thereby enhancing tumor DNA repair capacity and chemotherapy resistance. We therefore investigated whether expression of CD73 impacts intracellular NAD+ content and NAD+-dependent DNA repair capacity. Reduced intracellular NAD+ levels suppressed recruitment of the DNA repair protein XRCC1 to sites of genomic DNA damage and impacted the amount of accumulated DNA damage. Further, decreased NAD+ reduced the capacity to repair DNA damage induced by DNA alkylating agents. Overall, reversal of these outcomes through NAD+ or NMN supplementation was independent of CD73. In opposition to its proposed role in extracellular NAD+ bioprocessing, we found that recombinant human CD73 only poorly processes NMN but not NAD+. A positive correlation between CD73 expression and intracellular NAD+ content could not be made as CD73 knockout human cells were efficient in generating intracellular NAD+ when supplemented with NAD+ or NMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wilk
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Faisal Hayat
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Richard Cunningham
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Silvia Garavaglia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Leila Zamani
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Davide M Ferraris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Peter Sykora
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA.,Amelia Technologies, 14676 Rothgeb Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Joel Andrews
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Jennifer Clark
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Amanda Davis
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Laurent Chaloin
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Menico Rizzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Marie Migaud
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA
| | - Robert W Sobol
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36604, USA.
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Sheppard AD, Lysaght J. Immunometabolism and Its Potential to Improve the Current Limitations of Immunotherapy. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2184:233-263. [PMID: 32808230 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0802-9_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The last century of research in tumor immunology has culminated in the advent of immunotherapy, most notably immune checkpoint inhibitors. These drugs have shown encouraging results across a multitude of malignancies and have shifted the paradigm of cancer treatment. However, no more than 40% of patients treated with these immune checkpoint blockade inhibitors respond. Thus, resistance is a barrier to therapy that remains poorly understood. All cells require energy and biosynthetic precursors for survival, growth, and functioning, where multiple metabolic pathways allow for flexibility in how nutrients are utilized. A defining hallmark of many cancers is altered cellular metabolism, creating an imbalanced demand for nutrients within the tumor microenvironment. Immunometabolism is increasingly understood to be vital to the functions and phenotypes of a myriad of immune cell subsets. In tumors, the high demand for nutrients by the tumor drives competition between tumor cells and infiltrating immune cells, culminating in dysfunctional immune responses. This chapter discusses the recent successes in cancer immunotherapy and highlights challenges to therapy. We also outline the major metabolic processes involved in the generation of an immune response, how this can become dysregulated in the context of the tumor microenvironment, and how this contributes to resistance to immunotherapy. Finally, we explore the potential for targeting immunometabolic pathways to improve immunotherapy, and examine current trials targeting various aspects of metabolism in an attempt to improve the outcomes from immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Sheppard
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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Chiang YF, Chen HY, Huang KC, Lin PH, Hsia SM. Dietary Antioxidant Trans-Cinnamaldehyde Reduced Visfatin-Induced Breast Cancer Progression: In Vivo and In Vitro Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120625. [PMID: 31817697 PMCID: PMC6943554 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive growth of cancer cells is the main cause of cancer mortality. Therefore, discovering how to inhibit cancer growth is an important research topic. Recently, the newly discovered adipokine, known as nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT, visfatin), which has been associated with metabolic syndrome and obesity, has also been found to be a major cause of cancer proliferation. Therefore, inhibition of NAMPT and reduction of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) synthesis is one strategy for cancer therapy. Cinnamaldehyde (CA), as an antioxidant and anticancer natural compound, may have the ability to inhibit visfatin. The breast cancer cell line and xenograft animal models were treated under different dosages of visfatin combined with CA and FK866 (a visfatin inhibitor) to test for cell toxicity, as well as inhibition of tumor-related proliferation of protein expression. In the breast cancer cell and the xenograft animal model, visfatin significantly increased proliferation-related protein expression, but combination with CA or FK866 significantly reduced visfatin-induced carcinogenic effects. For the first time, a natural compound inhibiting extracellular and intracellular NAMPT has been demonstrated. We hope that, in the future, this can be used as a potential anticancer compound and provide further directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fen Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.)
| | - Hsin-Yuan Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.)
| | - Ko-Chieh Huang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.)
| | - Po-Han Lin
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.)
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.)
- School of Food and Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 6558)
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Lee HY, Chen YJ, Chang WA, Li WM, Ke HL, Wu WJ, Kuo PL. Effects of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) on Urinary Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma-Next-Generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55120768. [PMID: 31805718 PMCID: PMC6955913 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55120768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Bladder urothelial carcinoma is the most common type of genitourinary cancer. Patients with bladder cancer may have limited treatment efficacy related to drug toxicity, resistance or adverse effects, and novel therapeutic strategies to enhance treatment efficacy or increase sensitivity to drugs are of high clinical importance. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a polyphenolic compound found in green tea leaves, and a potential anti-cancer agent in various cancer types through modulating and regulating multiple signaling pathways. The current study aimed to explore the role and novel therapeutic targets of EGCG on bladder urothelial carcinoma. Materials and Methods: The BFTC-905 cells, human urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) cell line, were treated with EGCG or water for 24 hours, and the expression profiles of mRNAs and microRNAs were analyzed using next generation sequencing (NGS). The enriched biological functions were determined using different bioinformatics databases. Results: A total of 108 differentially expressed genes in EGCG-treated bladder TCC cells were identified, which were mainly involved in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biogenesis, inflammatory response and oxidation-reduction metabolism. Moreover, several microRNA-mRNA interactions that potentially participated in the response of bladder TCC to EGCG treatment, including miR-185-3p- ARRB1 (arrestin beta 1), miR-3116- MGAT5B (alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein 6-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase B), miR-31-5p-TNS1 (tensin 1), miR-642a-5p-TNS1, miR-1226-3p- DLG2 (discs large homolog 2), miR-484-DLG2, and miR-22-3p- PPM1K (protein phosphatase 1K). Conclusions: The current findings provide insights into novel therapeutic targets and underlying mechanisms of action of EGCG treatment in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Ying Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (W.-A.C.)
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan;
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.-M.L.); (H.-L.K.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (W.-A.C.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wei-An Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (W.-A.C.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Li
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.-M.L.); (H.-L.K.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung 900, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Lung Ke
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.-M.L.); (H.-L.K.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung 900, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan;
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.-M.L.); (H.-L.K.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung 900, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (W.-A.C.)
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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72
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Ranjit S, Malacrida L, Stakic M, Gratton E. Determination of the metabolic index using the fluorescence lifetime of free and bound nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide using the phasor approach. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900156. [PMID: 31194290 PMCID: PMC6842045 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescence lifetime of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is commonly used in conjunction with the phasor approach as a molecular biomarker to provide information on cellular metabolism of autofluorescence imaging of cells and tissue. However, in the phasor approach, the bound and free lifetime defining the phasor metabolic trajectory is a subject of debate. The fluorescence lifetime of NADH increases when bound to an enzyme, in contrast to the short multiexponential lifetime displayed by NADH in solution. The extent of fluorescence lifetime increase depends on the enzyme to which NADH is bound. With proper preparation of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) using oxalic acid (OA) as an allosteric factor, bound NADH to LDH has a lifetime of 3.4 ns and is positioned on the universal semicircle of the phasor plot, inferring a monoexponential lifetime for this species. Surprisingly, measurements in the cellular environments with different metabolic states show a linear trajectory between free NADH at about 0.37 ns and bound NADH at 3.4 ns. These observations support that in a cellular environment, a 3.4 ns value could be used for bound NADH lifetime. The phasor analysis of many cell types shows a linear combination of fractional contributions of free and bound species NADH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Ranjit
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Leonel Malacrida
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Milka Stakic
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Enrico Gratton
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California
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73
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Inhibition of NAMPT markedly enhances plasma-activated medium-induced cell death in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 676:108155. [PMID: 31628926 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plasma-activated medium (PAM), which is prepared by non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTP) irradiation of cell-free medium, has been shown to exhibit tumor-specific cytotoxicity. Since PAM contains reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), its anticancer effects are considered to be responsible for oxidative stress induced by these reactive molecules. We previously reported that PAM-induced cell death is closely related to energy failure associated with a decrease in intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and ATP levels. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), which is a rate-limiting enzyme for NAD+ synthesis in the salvage pathway, was shown to be overexpressed in many types of cancer cells. The NAMPT inhibitor FK866 significantly depletes NAD+ and subsequently suppresses cancer cell proliferation. In this study, we examined the effects of FK866 on PAM-induced cytotoxicity using human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. FK866 dose-dependently enhanced PAM-induced cell death in MDA-MB-231 cells. The combination of PAM and FK866 markedly induced intracellular NAD+ and ATP depletion. Knockdown of NAMPT by siRNA increased the cytotoxicity of PAM. The addition of NAD+ mitigated PAM-induced cell death. In addition, cotreatment with PAM and FK866 augmented ROS production and the decrease in intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) compared to treatment with PAM alone. FK866 had little effect on PAM-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, the combination of PAM and FK866 decreased the level of NADPH, which is required for GSH metabolism, compared with PAM alone. Taken together, we conclude that cotreatment with NAMPT inhibitors is beneficial for anticancer therapy using PAM.
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74
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Audrito V, Managò A, Gaudino F, Sorci L, Messana VG, Raffaelli N, Deaglio S. NAD-Biosynthetic and Consuming Enzymes as Central Players of Metabolic Regulation of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1720. [PMID: 31402913 PMCID: PMC6671870 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells, particularly in solid tumors, are surrounded by non-neoplastic elements, including endothelial and stromal cells, as well as cells of immune origin, which can support tumor growth by providing the right conditions. On the other hand, local hypoxia, and lack of nutrients induce tumor cells to reprogram their metabolism in order to survive, proliferate, and disseminate: the same conditions are also responsible for building a tumor-suppressive microenvironment. In addition to tumor cells, it is now well-recognized that metabolic rewiring occurs in all cellular components of the tumor microenvironment, affecting epigenetic regulation of gene expression and influencing differentiation/proliferation decisions of these cells. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an essential co-factor for energy transduction in metabolic processes. It is also a key component of signaling pathways, through the regulation of NAD-consuming enzymes, including sirtuins and PARPs, which can affect DNA plasticity and accessibility. In addition, both NAD-biosynthetic and NAD-consuming enzymes can be present in the extracellular environment, adding a new layer of complexity to the system. In this review we will discuss the role of the “NADome” in the metabolic cross-talk between cancer and infiltrating immune cells, contributing to cancer growth and immune evasion, with an eye to therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Audrito
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonella Managò
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Gaudino
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sorci
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Gianluca Messana
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Nadia Raffaelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
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75
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Audrito V, Managò A, Gaudino F, Deaglio S. Targeting metabolic reprogramming in metastatic melanoma: The key role of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 98:192-201. [PMID: 31059816 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells rewire their metabolism to support proliferation, growth and survival. In metastatic melanoma the BRAF oncogenic pathway is a master regulator of this process, highlighting the importance of metabolic reprogramming in the pathogenesis of this tumor and offering potential therapeutic approaches. Metabolic adaptation of melanoma cells generally requires increased amounts of NAD+, an essential redox cofactor in cellular metabolism and a signaling molecule. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is the most important NAD+ biosynthetic enzyme in mammalian cells and a direct target of the BRAF oncogenic signaling pathway. These findings suggest that NAMPT is an attractive new therapeutic target, particularly in combination strategies with BRAF or MEK inhibitors. Here we review current knowledge on how oncogenic signaling reprograms metabolism in BRAF-mutated melanoma, and discuss how NAMPT/NAD+ axis contributes to these processes. Lastly, we present evidence supporting a role of NAMPT as a novel therapeutic target in metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Audrito
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy.
| | - Antonella Managò
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Gaudino
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy.
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76
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He Y, Gao M, Tang H, Cao Y, Liu S, Tao Y. Metabolic Intermediates in Tumorigenesis and Progression. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1187-1199. [PMID: 31223279 PMCID: PMC6567815 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.33496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional antitumor drugs inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of tumour cells by restraining the replication and expression of DNA. These drugs are usually highly cytotoxic. They kill tumour cells while also cause damage to normal cells at the same time, especially the hematopoietic cells that divide vigorously. Patients are exposed to other serious situations such as a severe infection caused by a decrease in the number of white blood cells. Energy metabolism is an essential process for the survival of all cells, but differs greatly between normal cells and tumour cells in metabolic pathways and metabolic intermediates. Whether this difference could be used as new therapeutic target while reducing damage to normal tissues is the topic of this paper. In this paper, we introduce five major metabolic intermediates in detail, including acetyl-CoA, SAM, FAD, NAD+ and THF. Their contents and functions in tumour cells and normal cells are significantly different. And the possible regulatory mechanisms that lead to these differences are proposed carefully. It is hoped that the key enzymes in these regulatory pathways could be used as new targets for tumour therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen He
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008 China.,Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410078 China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Menghui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008 China.,Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410078 China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haosheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008 China.,Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410078 China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiqu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008 China.,Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410078 China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008 China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008 China.,Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410078 China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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77
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Lewis JE, Singh N, Holmila RJ, Sumer BD, Williams NS, Furdui CM, Kemp ML, Boothman DA. Targeting NAD + Metabolism to Enhance Radiation Therapy Responses. Semin Radiat Oncol 2019; 29:6-15. [PMID: 30573185 DOI: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism is integrally connected with the mechanisms of action of radiation therapy and is altered in many radiation-resistant tumors. This makes NAD+ metabolism an ideal target for therapies that increase radiation sensitivity and improve patient outcomes. This review provides an overview of NAD+ metabolism in the context of the cellular response to ionizing radiation, as well as current therapies that target NAD+ metabolism to enhance radiation therapy responses. Additionally, we summarize state-of-the-art methods for measuring, modeling, and manipulating NAD+ metabolism, which are being used to identify novel targets in the NAD+ metabolic network for therapeutic interventions in combination with radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E Lewis
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
| | - Naveen Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Reetta J Holmila
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Baran D Sumer
- Departments of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Noelle S Williams
- Departments of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Melissa L Kemp
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - David A Boothman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
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78
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Zhang M, Ying W. NAD + Deficiency Is a Common Central Pathological Factor of a Number of Diseases and Aging: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:890-905. [PMID: 29295624 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has indicated critical roles of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, oxidized form (NAD+) in various biological functions. NAD+ deficiency has been found in models of a number of diseases such as cerebral ischemia, myocardial ischemia, and diabetes, and in models of aging. Applications of NAD+ or other approaches that can restore NAD+ levels are highly protective in these models of diseases and aging. NAD+ produces its beneficial effects by targeting at multiple pathological pathways, including attenuating mitochondrial alterations, DNA damage, and oxidative stress, by modulating such enzymes as sirtuins, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and AP endonuclease. These findings have suggested great therapeutic and nutritional potential of NAD+ for diseases and senescence. Recent Advances: Approaches that can restore NAD+ levels are highly protective in the models of such diseases as glaucoma. The NAD+ deficiency in the diseases and aging results from not only poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) activation but also decreased nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) activity and increased CD38 activity. Significant biological effects of extracellular NAD+ have been found. Increasing evidence has suggested that NAD+ deficiency is a common central pathological factor in a number of diseases and aging. Critical Issues and Future Directions: Future studies are required for solidly establishing the concept that "NAD+ deficiency is a common central pathological factor in a number of disease and aging." It is also necessary to further investigate the mechanisms underlying the NAD+ deficiency in the diseases and aging. Preclinical and clinical studies should be conducted to determine the therapeutic potential of NAD+ for the diseases and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchao Zhang
- 1 Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,2 Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihai Ying
- 1 Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,2 Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Shanghai, China
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79
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Multiple Roles for Mono- and Poly(ADP-Ribose) in Regulating Stress Responses. Trends Genet 2018; 35:159-172. [PMID: 30595401 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Although stress-induced synthesis of mono(ADP-ribose) (mADPr) and poly(ADP-ribose) (pADPr) conjugates by pADPr polymerase (PARP) enzymes has been studied extensively, the removal and degradation of pADPr, as well as the fate of ADPr metabolites, have received less attention. The observations that stress-induced pADPr undergoes rapid turnover, and that deficiencies in ADPr degradation phenocopy loss of pADPr synthesis, suggest that ADPr degradation is fundamentally important to the cellular stress response. Recent work has identified several distinct families of pADPr hydrolases that can degrade pADPr to release pADPr or mADPr into the cytoplasm. Further, many stress-response proteins contain ADPr-binding domains that can interact with these metabolites. We discuss how pADPr metabolites generated during pADPr degradation can function as signaling intermediates in processes such as inflammation, apoptosis, and DNA damage responses. These studies highlight that the full cycle of ADPr metabolism, including both synthesis and degradation, is necessary for responses to genotoxic stress.
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80
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Ogino Y, Sato A, Uchiumi F, Tanuma SI. Genomic and tumor biological aspects of the anticancer nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase inhibitor FK866 in resistant human colorectal cancer cells. Genomics 2018; 111:1889-1895. [PMID: 30582964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells' resistance to drugs remains an important problem affecting cancer treatment strategies. We previously studied the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitor FK866's resistance mechanisms in the human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. We established an acquired FK866-resistant cell line, HCT116RFK866. In this study, we investigated gene mutations in parental HCT116 and HCT116RFK866 cells using exome sequencing technology. The results indicated cluster genes related to NAD+ biosynthesis (including NAMPT), DNA repair, and ATP-binding cassette transporters were differentially altered in these cells. Interestingly, HCT116RFK866 cells, which are resistant to other class NAMPT inhibitors, were more sensitive to the anticancer 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin and γ-ray irradiation compared to parental HCT116 cells. This higher sensitivity appears to cause a genetic change in the identified gene clusters by resistance to the NAMPT inhibitor FK866. Collectively, these novel findings provide a better understanding of anticancer candidate NAMPT inhibitors with regard to resistance mechanisms and cancer chemotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Ogino
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Department of Gene Regulation, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Akira Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Fumiaki Uchiumi
- Department of Gene Regulation, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Sei-Ichi Tanuma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Department of Genomic Medicinal Science, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Organization for Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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81
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Cambeiro-Pérez N, Hidalgo-Cantabrana C, Moro-García MA, Alonso-Arias R, Simal-Gándara J, Sánchez B, Martínez-Carballo E. A Metabolomics Approach Reveals Immunomodulatory Effects of Proteinaceous Molecules Derived From Gut Bacteria Over Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2701. [PMID: 30524384 PMCID: PMC6262353 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
There are strong evidences that probiotics influence the immune status of the host, in a strain-specific manner, acting in the gastrointestinal tract. On the hypothesis that certain extracellular proteins and peptides from gut bacteria may mediate part of this immunomodulation and assuming they are able to diffuse through the mucus layer and interact with immune cells we have developed this work. Our study attempts to understand the immunomodulatory mechanisms of (i) Pext, the extracellular protein fraction of Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM20079T, (ii) HM14, a peptide encrypted in an extracellular glycoside hydrolase from Bifidobacterium longum NCIMB 8809 and (iii) Escherichia coli O111:B4 lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a well-known pro-inflammatory molecule, over human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). An untargeted LC-ESI-QTOF-MS metabolomics approach was applied to reveal intracellular changes in treated-PBMCs isolated from healthy donors. Differences in NADH arrest, NAD+ concentration reduction, as well as increases in palmitic acid and methanephrin were observed in HM14 and Pext treated-cells compared to those stimulated with LPS. This would support an anti-inflammatory molecular mechanism of action of such proteinaceous molecules. Moreover, this methodology has confirms the importance of metabolomics approaches to better understanding immune cell responses to gut bacterial-derived molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Cambeiro-Pérez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Claudio Hidalgo-Cantabrana
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Villaviciosa, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marco A Moro-García
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Villaviciosa, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rebeca Alonso-Arias
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Borja Sánchez
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Villaviciosa, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Carballo
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
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82
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Liu R, Pan N, Zhu Y, Yang Z. T-Probe: An Integrated Microscale Device for Online In Situ Single Cell Analysis and Metabolic Profiling Using Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11078-11085. [PMID: 30119596 PMCID: PMC6583895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of single cells reveals cell heterogeneity and biological principle of cellular metabolism. Although a number of mass spectrometry (MS) based single cell MS (SCMS) techniques have been dedicatedly developed with high efficiency and sensitivity, limitations still exist. In this work, we introduced a microscale multifunctional device, the T-probe, which integrates cellular contents extraction and immediate ionization, to implement online in situ SCMS analysis at ambient conditions with minimal sample preparation. With high sensitivity and reproducibility, the T-probe was employed for MS analysis of single HeLa cells under control and anticancer drug treatment conditions. Intracellular species and xenobiotic metabolites were detected, and changes of cellular metabolic profiles induced by drug treatment were measured. Combining SCMS experiments with statistical data analyses, including Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) and two-sample t-test, we provided biological insights into cellular metabolic response to drug treatment. Online MS/MS analysis was conducted at single cell level to identify species of interest, including endogenous metabolites and the drug compound. Using the T-probe SCMS technique combined with comprehensive data analyses, we provide an approach to understanding cellular metabolism and evaluate chemotherapies at the single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renmeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Ning Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Yanlin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Zhibo Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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83
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Chmielewski JP, Bowlby SC, Wheeler FB, Shi L, Sui G, Davis AL, Howard TD, D'Agostino RB, Miller LD, Sirintrapun SJ, Cramer SD, Kridel SJ. CD38 Inhibits Prostate Cancer Metabolism and Proliferation by Reducing Cellular NAD + Pools. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:1687-1700. [PMID: 30076241 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells require increased rates of cell metabolism to generate the macromolecules necessary to sustain proliferation. They rely heavily on NAD+ as a cofactor for multiple metabolic enzymes in anabolic and catabolic reactions. NAD+ also serves as a substrate for PARPs, sirtuins, and cyclic ADP-ribose synthases. Dysregulation of the cyclic ADP-ribose synthase CD38, the main NAD'ase in cells, is reported in multiple cancer types. This study demonstrates a novel connection between CD38, modulation of NAD+, and tumor cell metabolism in prostate cancer. CD38 expression inversely correlates with prostate cancer progression. Expressing CD38 in prostate cancer cells lowered intracellular NAD+, resulting in cell-cycle arrest and expression of p21Cip1 (CDKNA1). In parallel, CD38 diminishes glycolytic and mitochondrial metabolism, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and inhibits fatty acid and lipid synthesis. Pharmacologic inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) mimicked the metabolic consequences of CD38 expression, demonstrating similarity between CD38 expression and NAMPT inhibition. Modulation of NAD+ by CD38 also induces significant differential expression of the transcriptome, producing a gene expression signature indicative of a nonproliferative phenotype. Altogether, in the context of prostate cancer, the data establish a novel role for the CD38-NAD+ axis in the regulation of cell metabolism and development.Implications: This research establishes a mechanistic connection between CD38 and metabolic control. It also provides the foundation for the translation of agents that modulate NAD+ levels in cancer cells as therapeutics. Mol Cancer Res; 16(11); 1687-700. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey P Chmielewski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Sarah C Bowlby
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Frances B Wheeler
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Lihong Shi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Guangchao Sui
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Amanda L Davis
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Timothy D Howard
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Ralph B D'Agostino
- Comprehensive Cancer Center at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Public Health Sciences-Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Lance D Miller
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Comprehensive Cancer Center at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - S Joseph Sirintrapun
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Scott D Cramer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Steven J Kridel
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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84
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Liu Y, Clement J, Grant R, Sachdev P, Braidy N. Quantitation of NAD+: Why do we need to measure it? Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:2527-2532. [PMID: 30048742 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential pyridine nucleotide that is currently investigated as an important target to extend lifespan and health span. Age-related NAD+ depletion due to the accumulation of oxidative stress is associated with reduced energy production, impaired DNA repair and genomic instability. SCOPE OF REVIEW NAD+ levels can be elevated therapeutically using NAD+ precursors or through lifestyle modifications including exercise and caloric restriction. However, high amounts of NAD+ may be detrimental in cancer progression and may have deleterious immunogenic roles. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Standardized quantitation of NAD+ and related metabolites may therefore represent an important component of NAD+ therapy. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Quantitation of NAD+ may serve dual roles not only as an ageing biomarker, but also as a diagnostic tool for the prevention of malignant disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Ross Grant
- Australasian Research Institute, Sydney Adventist Hospital, Sydney, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Perminder Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Neuropsychiatric Institute, Euroa Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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85
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Sallin O, Reymond L, Gondrand C, Raith F, Koch B, Johnsson K. Semisynthetic biosensors for mapping cellular concentrations of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides. eLife 2018; 7:32638. [PMID: 29809136 PMCID: PMC5990361 DOI: 10.7554/elife.32638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce a new class of semisynthetic fluorescent biosensors for the quantification of free nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and ratios of reduced to oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH/NADP+) in live cells. Sensing is based on controlling the spatial proximity of two synthetic fluorophores by binding of NAD(P) to the protein component of the sensor. The sensors possess a large dynamic range, can be excited at long wavelengths, are pH-insensitive, have tunable response range and can be localized in different organelles. Ratios of free NADPH/NADP+ are found to be higher in mitochondria compared to those found in the nucleus and the cytosol. By recording free NADPH/NADP+ ratios in response to changes in environmental conditions, we observe how cells can react to such changes by adapting metabolic fluxes. Finally, we demonstrate how a comparison of the effect of drugs on cellular NAD(P) levels can be used to probe mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Sallin
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luc Reymond
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Lausanne, Switzerland.,National Centre of Competence in Research in Chemical Biology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Corentin Gondrand
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabio Raith
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Koch
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai Johnsson
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany.,National Centre of Competence in Research in Chemical Biology, Lausanne, Switzerland
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86
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Gowda GAN. Profiling Redox and Energy Coenzymes in Whole Blood, Tissue and Cells Using NMR Spectroscopy. Metabolites 2018; 8:E32. [PMID: 29757993 PMCID: PMC6027050 DOI: 10.3390/metabo8020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzymes of cellular redox reactions and cellular energy, as well as antioxidants mediate biochemical reactions fundamental to the functioning of all living cells. Conventional analysis methods lack the opportunity to evaluate these important redox and energy coenzymes and antioxidants in a single step. Major coenzymes include redox coenzymes: NAD⁺ (oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), NADP⁺ (oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) and NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate); energy coenzymes: ATP (adenosine triphosphate), ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and AMP (adenosine monophosphate); and antioxidants: GSSG (oxidized glutathione) and GSH (reduced glutathione). We show here that a simple ¹H NMR experiment can measure these coenzymes and antioxidants in tissue and whole blood apart from a vast pool of other metabolites. In addition, focused on the goal of identification of coenzymes in subcellular fractions, we demonstrate analysis of coenzymes in the cytoplasm using breast cancer cells. Owing to their unstable nature, or low concentrations, most of the coenzymes either evade detection or lose their integrity when established sample preparation and analysis methods are used. To overcome this challenge, here we describe the development of new methods to detect these molecules without affecting the integrity of other metabolites. We used an array of 1D and 2D NMR methods, chemical shift databases, pH measurements and spiking with authentic compounds to establish the identity of peaks for the coenzymes and antioxidants in NMR spectra. Interestingly, while none of the coenzymes and antioxidants were detected in plasma, they were abundant in whole blood. Considering that the coenzymes and antioxidants represent a sensitive measure of human health and risk for numerous diseases, the presented NMR methods to measure them in one step potentially open new opportunities in the metabolomics field.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Nagana Gowda
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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87
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Stone TW, McPherson M, Gail Darlington L. Obesity and Cancer: Existing and New Hypotheses for a Causal Connection. EBioMedicine 2018; 30:14-28. [PMID: 29526577 PMCID: PMC5952217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Existing explanations of obesity-associated cancer emphasise direct mutagenic effects of dietary components or hormonal imbalance. Some of these hypotheses are reviewed briefly, but recent evidence suggests a major role for chronic inflammation in cancer risk, possibly involving dietary content. These ideas include the inflammation-induced activation of the kynurenine pathway and its role in feeding and metabolism by activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and by modulating synaptic transmission in the brain. Evidence for a role of the kynurenine pathway in carcinogenesis then provides a potentially major link between obesity and cancer. A second new hypothesis is based on evidence that serine proteases can deplete cells of the tumour suppressors Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (DCC) and neogenin. These enzymes include mammalian chymotryptic proteases released by pro-inflammatory neutrophils and macrophages. Blood levels of chymotrypsin itself increase in parallel with food intake. The mechanistically similar bacterial enzyme subtilisin is widespread in the environment, animal probiotics, meat processing and cleaning products. Simple public health schemes in these areas, with selective serine protease inhibitors and AHR antagonists and could prevent a range of intestinal and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor W Stone
- The Kennedy Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK; Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Megan McPherson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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88
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Ohanna M, Cerezo M, Nottet N, Bille K, Didier R, Beranger G, Mograbi B, Rocchi S, Yvan-Charvet L, Ballotti R, Bertolotto C. Pivotal role of NAMPT in the switch of melanoma cells toward an invasive and drug-resistant phenotype. Genes Dev 2018; 32:448-461. [PMID: 29567766 PMCID: PMC5900716 DOI: 10.1101/gad.305854.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In BRAFV600E melanoma cells, a global metabolomic analysis discloses a decrease in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels upon PLX4032 treatment that is conveyed by a STAT5 inhibition and a transcriptional regulation of the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) gene. NAMPT inhibition decreases melanoma cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, while forced NAMPT expression renders melanoma cells resistant to PLX4032. NAMPT expression induces transcriptomic and epigenetic reshufflings that steer melanoma cells toward an invasive phenotype associated with resistance to targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Therefore, NAMPT, the key enzyme in the NAD+ salvage pathway, appears as a rational target in targeted therapy-resistant melanoma cells and a key player in phenotypic plasticity of melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickaël Ohanna
- U1065, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biology and Pathologies of Melanocytes, Equipe Labellisée L'Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC) 2015, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France
| | - Mickaël Cerezo
- U1065, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biology and Pathologies of Melanocytes, Equipe Labellisée L'Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC) 2015, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France
| | - Nicolas Nottet
- Université Nice Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Karine Bille
- U1065, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biology and Pathologies of Melanocytes, Equipe Labellisée L'Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC) 2015, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France
| | - Robin Didier
- U1065, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biology and Pathologies of Melanocytes, Equipe Labellisée L'Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC) 2015, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France
| | - Guillaume Beranger
- U1065, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biology and Pathologies of Melanocytes, Equipe Labellisée L'Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC) 2015, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France
| | - Baharia Mograbi
- U1081, INSERM, Institute of Research on Cancer and Ageing of Nice (IRCAN), Equipe Labellisée ARC, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, UMR7284, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 06107 Nice, France
| | - Stéphane Rocchi
- U1065, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biology and Pathologies of Melanocytes, Equipe Labellisée L'Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC) 2015, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France
| | - Laurent Yvan-Charvet
- U1065, INSERM, Team ATIP-Avenir, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Robert Ballotti
- U1065, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biology and Pathologies of Melanocytes, Equipe Labellisée L'Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC) 2015, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France
| | - Corine Bertolotto
- U1065, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biology and Pathologies of Melanocytes, Equipe Labellisée L'Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC) 2015, Université Nice Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), 06204 Nice, France
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89
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Icard P, Shulman S, Farhat D, Steyaert JM, Alifano M, Lincet H. How the Warburg effect supports aggressiveness and drug resistance of cancer cells? Drug Resist Updat 2018; 38:1-11. [PMID: 29857814 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells employ both conventional oxidative metabolism and glycolytic anaerobic metabolism. However, their proliferation is marked by a shift towards increasing glycolytic metabolism even in the presence of O2 (Warburg effect). HIF1, a major hypoxia induced transcription factor, promotes a dissociation between glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, a process limiting the efficient production of ATP and citrate which otherwise would arrest glycolysis. The Warburg effect also favors an intracellular alkaline pH which is a driving force in many aspects of cancer cell proliferation (enhancement of glycolysis and cell cycle progression) and of cancer aggressiveness (resistance to various processes including hypoxia, apoptosis, cytotoxic drugs and immune response). This metabolism leads to epigenetic and genetic alterations with the occurrence of multiple new cell phenotypes which enhance cancer cell growth and aggressiveness. In depth understanding of these metabolic changes in cancer cells may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies, which when combined with existing cancer treatments, might improve their effectiveness and/or overcome chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Icard
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM U1086 ANTICIPE (Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancers Prevention and Treatment, BioTICLA axis (Biology and Innovative Therapeutics for Ovarian Cancers), Caen, France; UNICANCER, Comprehensive Cancer Center François Baclesse, BioTICLA lab, Caen, France; Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Caen, France
| | | | - Diana Farhat
- Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), France; Université Lyon Claude Bernard 1, Lyon, France; Department of Chemistry-Biochemistry, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, EDST-PRASE, Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jean-Marc Steyaert
- Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratoire d'Informatique (LIX), Palaiseau, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Paris Center University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Hubert Lincet
- Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), France; Université Lyon Claude Bernard 1, Lyon, France; ISPB, Faculté de Pharmacie, Lyon, France.
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90
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Abstract
Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, collectively referred to as niacin, are nutritional precursors of the bioactive molecules nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). NAD and NADP are important cofactors for most cellular redox reactions, and as such are essential to maintain cellular metabolism and respiration. NAD also serves as a cosubstrate for a large number of ADP-ribosylation enzymes with varied functions. Among the NAD-consuming enzymes identified to date are important genetic and epigenetic regulators, e.g., poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases and sirtuins. There is rapidly growing knowledge of the close connection between dietary niacin intake, NAD(P) availability, and the activity of NAD(P)-dependent epigenetic regulator enzymes. It points to an exciting role of dietary niacin intake as a central regulator of physiological processes, e.g., maintenance of genetic stability, and of epigenetic control mechanisms modulating metabolism and aging. Insight into the role of niacin and various NAD-related diseases ranging from cancer, aging, and metabolic diseases to cardiovascular problems has shifted our view of niacin as a vitamin to current views that explore its potential as a therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- James B Kirkland
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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91
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Lucena-Cacace A, Otero-Albiol D, Jiménez-García MP, Muñoz-Galvan S, Carnero A. NAMPT Is a Potent Oncogene in Colon Cancer Progression that Modulates Cancer Stem Cell Properties and Resistance to Therapy through Sirt1 and PARP. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 24:1202-1215. [PMID: 29203587 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer in women and the third most common in men worldwide. However, despite current progress, many patients with advanced and metastatic tumors still die from the malignancy. Refractory disease often relies on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent mechanisms. NAD metabolism and a stable NAD regeneration circuit are required to maintain tissue homeostasis and metabolism. However, high levels of NAD confer therapy resistance to tumors.Experimental Design: Ectopic overexpression of nicotinamide phosphoribosil transferase (NAMPT) and shRNAs in colorectal cancer cell lines, tumorigenic and stemness properties and transcription measurement in culture and in vivo Transcriptional analysis in public databases. Therapeutic approaches.Results: NAMPT, the rate-limiting enzyme responsible for the highest source of physiologic NAD biosynthesis, increases tumorigenic properties and induces cancer stem cell-like properties through pathways that control stem cell signaling, thus enriching the cancer-initiating cell (CIC) population. Furthermore, NAMPT expression correlated with high levels of CIC-like cells in colon tumors directly extracted from patients, and transcription meta-analysis revealed that NAMPT is also a key factor that induces cancer stem pathways in colorectal cancer tumors. This effect is mediated by PARP and SIRT1. In addition, we report a novel NAMPT-driven signature that stratifies prognosis from high to low expression groups. The NAMPT signature contained SIRT1 and PARP1 levels as well as other cancer stem cell-related genes. Finally, NAMPT inhibition increased the sensitivity to apoptosis in both NAMPT-expressing cells and tumorspheres.Conclusions: NAMPT represents a novel therapeutic target in colon cancer progression and relapse, particularly the CIC subset of human colon cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 24(5); 1202-15. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Lucena-Cacace
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Otero-Albiol
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel P Jiménez-García
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Muñoz-Galvan
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Sevilla, Spain.,CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Sevilla, Spain. .,CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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92
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Lucena-Cacace A, Otero-Albiol D, Jiménez-García MP, Peinado-Serrano J, Carnero A. NAMPT overexpression induces cancer stemness and defines a novel tumor signature for glioma prognosis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99514-99530. [PMID: 29245920 PMCID: PMC5725111 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumors associated with poor prognosis. NAMPT, a rate-limiting enzyme that boosts the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) regeneration in the salvage pathway, is commonly expressed in these tumors. NAD metabolism is required to maintain tissue homeostasis. To maintain metabolism, cancer cells require a stable NAD regeneration circuit. However, high levels of NAD confer resistance to therapy to these tumors, usually treated with Temozolomide (TMZ). We report that NAMPT overexpression in glioma cell lines increases tumorigenic properties controlling stem cell pathways and enriching the cancer-initiating cell (CIC) population. Furthermore, NAMPT expression correlated with high levels of Nanog, CD133 and CIC-like cells in glioblastoma directly extracted from patients. Meta-analysis reveals that NAMPT is also a key factor inducing cancer stem pathways in glioma cells. Furthermore, we report a novel NAMPT-driven signature which stratify prognosis within tumor staging. NAMPT signature also correlates directly with EGFR positive and IDH negative tumors. Finally, NAMPT inhibition increases sensitivity to apoptosis in both NAMPT-expressing cells and tumorspheres. Therefore, NAMPT represents a novel therapeutic target in Glioma progression and relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Lucena-Cacace
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Sevilla, Spain
- CIBER DE CANCER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Otero-Albiol
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Sevilla, Spain
- CIBER DE CANCER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel P. Jiménez-García
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Sevilla, Spain
- CIBER DE CANCER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Peinado-Serrano
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Sevilla, Spain
- CIBER DE CANCER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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93
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Novel NAPRT specific antibody identifies small cell lung cancer and neuronal cancers as promising clinical indications for a NAMPT inhibitor/niacin co-administration strategy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:77846-77859. [PMID: 29100430 PMCID: PMC5652819 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells are particularly dependent on NAD+ due to higher rates of metabolism, DNA synthesis and repair. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase inhibitors (NAMPTis) inhibit NAD+ biosynthesis and represent promising new anti-cancer agents. However, clinical efficacy has been limited by toxicities demonstrating the need for drug combinations to broaden the therapeutic index. One potential combination involves niacin/NAMPTi co-administration. Niacin can rescue NAD+ biosynthesis through a parallel pathway that depends on nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase (NAPRT) expression. Most normal tissues express NAPRT while a significant proportion of malignant cells do not, providing a possible selection marker for patients to achieve NAMPTi efficacy while minimizing toxicities. Here we identify and validate a novel highly NAPRT-specific monoclonal antibody (3C6D2) that detects functional NAPRT in paraffin embedded tissue sections by immunohistochemistry (IHC). NAPRT detection by 3C6D2 coincides with the ability of niacin to rescue cells from NAMPTi induced cytotoxicity in cell lines and animal xenograft models. 3C6D2 binds to an epitope that is unique to NAPRT among phosphoribosyltransferases. In a series of primary tumor samples from lung and brain cancer patients, we demonstrate that >70 % of human small cell lung carcinomas, glioblastomas and oligodendrogliomas lack NAPRT identifying them as potentially suitable indications for the NAMPT/niacin combination.
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94
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The immune regulation in cancer by the amino acid metabolizing enzymes ARG and IDO. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2017; 35:30-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Hill LJ, Williams AC. Meat Intake and the Dose of Vitamin B 3 - Nicotinamide: Cause of the Causes of Disease Transitions, Health Divides, and Health Futures? Int J Tryptophan Res 2017; 10:1178646917704662. [PMID: 28579801 PMCID: PMC5419340 DOI: 10.1177/1178646917704662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat and vitamin B3 - nicotinamide - intake was high during hunter-gatherer times. Intake then fell and variances increased during and after the Neolithic agricultural revolution. Health, height, and IQ deteriorated. Low dietary doses are buffered by 'welcoming' gut symbionts and tuberculosis that can supply nicotinamide, but this co-evolved homeostatic metagenomic strategy risks dysbioses and impaired resistance to pathogens. Vitamin B3 deficiency may now be common among the poor billions on a low-meat diet. Disease transitions to non-communicable inflammatory disorders (but longer lives) may be driven by positive 'meat transitions'. High doses of nicotinamide lead to reduced regulatory T cells and immune intolerance. Loss of no longer needed symbiotic 'old friends' compounds immunological over-reactivity to cause allergic and auto-immune diseases. Inhibition of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide consumers and loss of methyl groups or production of toxins may cause cancers, metabolic toxicity, or neurodegeneration. An optimal dosage of vitamin B3 could lead to better health, but such a preventive approach needs more equitable meat distribution. Some people may require personalised doses depending on genetic make-up or, temporarily, when under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Hill
- Neuroscience and Ophthalmology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Adrian C Williams
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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