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Deng B, Zhang Z, Zhou H, Zhang X, Niu S, Yan X, Yan J. MicroRNAs in Methamphetamine-Induced Neurotoxicity and Addiction. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:875666. [PMID: 35496314 PMCID: PMC9046672 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.875666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) abuse remains a significant public health concern globally owing to its strong addictive properties. Prolonged abuse of the drug causes irreversible damage to the central nervous system. To date, no efficient pharmacological interventions are available, primarily due to the unclear mechanisms underlying METH action in the brain. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to play critical roles in various cellular processes. The expression levels of some miRNAs are altered after METH administration, which may influence the transcription of target genes to regulate METH toxicity or addiction. This review summarizes the miRNAs in the context of METH use, discussing their role in the reward effect and neurotoxic sequelae. Better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in METH would be helpful for the development of new therapeutic strategies in reducing the harm of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Deng
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhirui Zhang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huixuan Zhou
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuliang Niu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xisheng Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wuhan Third Hospital and Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Yan,
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Dynamics and correlations in multiplex immune profiling reveal persistent immune inflammation in male drug users after withdrawal. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 107:108696. [PMID: 35303506 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Drug withdrawal elicits immune responses that contribute to the development of withdrawal symptoms and relapse. The understanding of the immunologic dynamics after drug withdrawal is limited, precluding the finding of promising immune intervention measures. Here, we performed cytokine and multiplex immune profiling in heroin, methamphetamine (METH) and ephedrine users after withdrawal and identified the correlation between cytokines and other immune parameters. We showed that broad and strong inflammatory responses occurred at the early stage after drug withdrawal, and the inflammatory responses showed a downtrend with the extension of withdrawal time. Notably, immune dysregulation remained through and may last longer than 12 months after withdrawal in heroin and METH users. Our findings suggest that cytokines, immune cells, complement and immunoglobulin form a complex immune network that regulates immune responses after withdrawal. These data provide a reference for future scientific research and drug research and development.
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Jones CM, Houry D, Han B, Baldwin G, Vivolo-Kantor A, Compton WM. Methamphetamine use in the United States: epidemiological update and implications for prevention, treatment, and harm reduction. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1508:3-22. [PMID: 34561865 PMCID: PMC9097961 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent attention has focused on the growing role of psychostimulants, such as methamphetamine in overdose deaths. Methamphetamine is an addictive and potent stimulant, and its use is associated with a range of physical and mental health harms, overdose, and mortality. Adding to the complexity of this resurgent methamphetamine threat is the reality that the increases in methamphetamine availability and harms are occurring in the midst of and intertwined with the ongoing opioid overdose crisis. Opioid involvement in psychostimulant-involved overdose deaths increased from 34.5% of overdose deaths in 2010 to 53.5% in 2019-an increase of more than 50%. This latest evolution of the nation's overdose epidemic poses novel challenges for prevention, treatment, and harm reduction. This narrative review synthesizes what is known about changing patterns of methamphetamine use with and without opioids in the United States, other characteristics associated with methamphetamine use, the contributions of the changing illicit drug supply to use patterns and overdose risk, motivations for couse of methamphetamine and opioids, and awareness of exposure to opioids via the illicit methamphetamine supply. Finally, the review summarizes illustrative community and health system strategies and research opportunities to advance prevention, treatment, and harm reduction policies, programs, and practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Jones
- National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Debra Houry
- National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Beth Han
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Grant Baldwin
- Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Alana Vivolo-Kantor
- Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Wilson M. Compton
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
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Oxytocin, a Novel Treatment for Methamphetamine Use Disorder. Neurol Int 2022; 14:186-198. [PMID: 35225885 PMCID: PMC8883935 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint14010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of substance abuse with oxytocin is a novel approach to a challenging public health issue that continues to contribute to a growing economic cost for societies worldwide. Methamphetamine addiction is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and despite advances in understanding the neurobiology of methamphetamine addiction, treatment options are limited. There are no medications that the Food and Drug Administration currently approves for stimulant use disorder. Off-label use of therapies for stimulant misuse include antidepressants, anxiolytics, and milder stimulants as replacement agents. Due to the shortcomings of these attempts to treat a complicated psychiatric disorder, recent attention to oxytocin therapy (OT) has gained momentum in clinical studies as a possible therapy in the context of social stress, social anxiety, social cognition, and psychosis. Oxytocin produces enhanced connectivity between cortical regions. The results from studies in rodents with OT suggest that central neuromodulation of oxytocin may be beneficial across transition states of stimulant dependence and may alleviate intense withdrawal symptoms. Studies of oxytocin in the context of other drugs of abuse, including cocaine, cannabis, and alcohol, also support the potential of oxytocin to treat stimulant use disorder, methamphetamine type. Methamphetamine abuse continues to be a significant cause of distress and dysfunction throughout the world. The effects of oxytocin on methamphetamine use outlined in this review should act as a catalyst for further investigation into the efficacy of treating stimulant use disorder, methamphetamine type with oxytocin in humans. More human-based research should initiate studies involving the long-term efficacy, side effects, and patient selection.
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Post-Exposure Prophylaxis and Methamphetamine Use among Young Sexual Minority Men: The P18 Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020712. [PMID: 35055534 PMCID: PMC8775683 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine use is associated with increased risk of HIV infection among young sexual minority men (SMM). Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is an effective strategy for individuals who are exposed to HIV, but there is limited research about PEP use among young SMM and its relationship with methamphetamine use. This study analyzes the association between ever PEP use and recent methamphetamine use among young SMM in New York City, using cross-sectional data from the P18 Cohort Study (n = 429). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between methamphetamine use and ever PEP use. Compared with those who had not used methamphetamine in the last 6 months, young SMM who did use methamphetamine were significantly more likely to have ever used PEP (AOR = 6.07, 95% CI: 2.10–16.86). Young SMM who had ever used PrEP had 16 times higher odds of ever using PEP (AOR = 16, 95% CI: 7.41–35.95). Those who completed bachelor’s degrees were 61% less likely to have ever used PEP (AOR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.17–0.88). These data suggest that methamphetamine use could increase the risk of HIV infection, highlighting the critical need to target interventions for young SMM who use methamphetamine and are more likely to engage in unprotected intercourse.
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Ma Y, Wu H, Wang H, Chen F, Xie Z, Zhang Z, Peng Q, Yang J, Zhou Y, Chen C, Chen M, Zhang Y, Yu J, Wang K. Psychiatric Comorbidities and Liver Injury Are Associated With Unbalanced Plasma Bile Acid Profile During Methamphetamine Withdrawal. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 12:801686. [PMID: 35046900 PMCID: PMC8761939 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.801686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of methamphetamine usedisorders (MUDs) remains largely unknown; however, bile acids may play arole as potential mediators of liver injury and psychiatric comorbidities.The aim of this study was to characterize bile acid (BA) profiles in plasmaof patients with MUDs undergoing withdrawal. Methods Liver functions and psychiatric symptoms wereevaluated in a retrospective cohort (30 MUDs versus 30 control subjects) andan exploratory cohort (30 MUDs including 10 subjects each at the 7-day,3-month, and 12-month withdrawal stages versus 10 control subjects). BAcompositions in plasma samples from MUD patients in the exploratory cohortwere determined by gas-liquid chromatography. Results Both psychiatric comorbidities andmethamphetamine-induced liver injury were observed in patients in both MUDcohorts. The plasma concentrations of the total BA, cholic acid (CA), andchenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) were lower in MUD patients relative tocontrols. The maximum decline was observed at the 3-month stage, withgradual recovery at the 12-month stage. Notably, the ratios of deoxycholicacid (DCA)/CA and lithocholic acid (LCA)/CDCA were statistically significantat the 3-month stage comparing with controls. Significant correlations werefound between the LCA/CDCA and taurolithocholic acid (TLCA)/CDCA ratios andthe levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase, andbetween the LCA/CDCA ratio and the HAM-A score. Conclusion BA profile during METH withdrawal weremarkedly altered, with these unbalanced BAs being associated with liverinjury. The associations between BA profiles and psychiatric symptomssuggest an association between specific BAs and disease progression,possibly through the liver-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Ma
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Centre for Experimental Studies and Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongjin Wu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Centre for Experimental Studies and Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Huawei Wang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Centre for Experimental Studies and Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fengrong Chen
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Zhenrong Xie
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Centre for Experimental Studies and Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zunyue Zhang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Qingyan Peng
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Centre for Experimental Studies and Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiqing Yang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Centre for Experimental Studies and Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Centre for Experimental Studies and Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Minghui Chen
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Centre for Experimental Studies and Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yongjin Zhang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Centre for Experimental Studies and Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Juehua Yu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Centre for Experimental Studies and Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Kunhua Wang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Centre for Experimental Studies and Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Xiao J, Ma Y, Wang X, Wang C, Li M, Liu H, Han W, Wang H, Zhang W, Wei H, Zhao L, Zhang T, Lin H, Guan F. The Vulnerability to Methamphetamine Dependence and Genetics: A Case-Control Study Focusing on Genetic Polymorphisms at Chromosomal Region 5q31.3. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:870322. [PMID: 35669261 PMCID: PMC9163382 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.870322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Methamphetamine (METH) is a central nervous psychostimulant and one of the most frequently used illicit drugs. Numerous genetic loci that influence complex traits, including alcohol abuse, have been discovered; however, genetic analyses for METH dependence remain limited. An increased histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) expression has been detected in Fos-positive neurons in the dorsomedial striatum following withdrawal after METH self-administration. Herein, we aimed to systematically investigate the contribution of HDAC3 to the vulnerability to METH dependence in a Han Chinese population. METHODS In total, we recruited 1,221 patients with METH dependence and 2,328 age- and gender-matched controls. For genotyping, we selected 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within ± 3 kb regions of HDAC3. The associations between genotyped genetic polymorphisms and the vulnerability to METH dependence were examined by single marker- and haplotype-based methods using PLINK. The effects of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) on targeted gene expressions were investigated using the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database. RESULTS The SNP rs14251 was identified as a significant association signal (χ2 = 9.84, P = 0.0017). An increased risk of METH dependence was associated with the A allele (minor allele) of rs14251 [odds ratio (95% CI) = 1.25 (1.09-1.43)]. The results of in silico analyses suggested that SNP rs14251 could be a potential eQTL signal for FCHSD1, PCDHGB6, and RELL2, but not for HDAC3, in various human tissues. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that genetic polymorphism rs14251 located at 5q31.3 was significantly associated with the vulnerability to METH dependence in Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine & Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yitian Ma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine & Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine & Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Changqing Wang
- Department of Health Science, Chang'an Drug Rehabilitation Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haobiao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine & Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine & Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenpei Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine & Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hang Wei
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine & Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Longrui Zhao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine & Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianxiao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huali Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Xi'an Mental Health Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Fanglin Guan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine & Forensics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Deng D, Su H, Song Y, Chen T, Sun Q, Jiang H, Zhao M. Altered Fecal Microbiota Correlated With Systemic Inflammation in Male Subjects With Methamphetamine Use Disorder. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:783917. [PMID: 34869080 PMCID: PMC8637621 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.783917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) is a major public health problem worldwide with limited effective treatment options. Previous studies have reported methamphetamine-associated alterations in gut microbiota. A potential role of gut microbiota in regulating methamphetamine-induced brain dysfunction through interactions with the host immune system has been proposed, but evidence for this hypothesis is limited. The present study aimed to investigate the alterations in the fecal microbiota and explore its relationship with systemic inflammation in MUD. Fecal samples were obtained from 26 male subjects with MUD and 17 sex- and age- matched healthy controls. Fecal microbial profiles were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Plasma inflammatory markers were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Associations between fecal microbiota, systemic inflammatory markers and clinical characteristics were examined by Spearman partial correlation analysis while controlling for possible confounders. Compared with healthy controls, individuals with MUD showed no difference in fecal microbial diversity, but exhibited differences in the relative abundance of several microbial taxa. At the genus level, a higher abundance of Collinsella, Odoribacter and Megasphaera and lower levels of Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Dorea and Streptococcus were detected in subjects with MUD. More importantly, altered fecal microbiota was found to be correlated with plasma levels of CRP, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10. The order Lactobacillales, exhibiting lower abundance in participants with MUD, was positively related to the duration of methamphetamine abstinence and the plasma level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. This study is the first to provide evidence for a link between altered fecal microbiota and systemic inflammation in MUD. Further elucidation of interactions between gut microbiota and the host immune system may be beneficial for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for MUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Deng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Su
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuehong Song
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianzhen Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Sun
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifeng Jiang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Wang T, Xu C, Xu S, Gao L, Blaženović I, Ji J, Wang J, Sun X. Untargeted metabolomics analysis by gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry of human serum from methamphetamine abusers. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e13062. [PMID: 34114299 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) abuse has become a global public health problem. However, the potential mechanisms involving METH-induced metabolic disorders have thus far remained poorly understood. Metabolomics can provide a clue for the cause of apparent changes and consequently be used to investigate the METH-induced dysregulation of metabolite expression and the mechanism of metabolic disorder mechanism. This laboratory investigation included 80 METH abusers and 80 healthy people. The serum metabolites were detected and analysed by gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Raw data were processed with the software MS DIAL, which includes deconvolution, peak alignment and compound identification. The data matrix was processed by univariate and multivariate analyses for significant metabolite screening with the criteria of variable importance in projection values > 1, fold change > 1.5 and the t test (p value < 0.05). Significant differences in 16 metabolites (deoxycholic acid, cholic acid, hydroxylamine, etc.) in serum were found between the METH abuse group and the control group. Energy metabolic pathways and several amino acid metabolic pathways (alanine, aspartic acid and glutamate metabolism and tryptophan metabolism) were primarily involved. Further analysis indicated that the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.998 for these 16 metabolites. Among the metabolites, three carbohydrates (d-ribose, cellobiose and maltotriose) had an AUC of 0.975, which were determined as potential markers of abuse. We observed metabolic disturbances in METH abusers, particularly perturbation in energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism, which can provide new insights into the search for biomarkers and the mechanisms underlying the adverse effects of METH on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwei Wang
- School of Food Science, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, School of Food Science Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Joint International Research Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chunyang Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changshu, Suzhou, China
| | - Shiying Xu
- School of Food Science, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, School of Food Science Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Joint International Research Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Food Science, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, School of Food Science Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Joint International Research Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ivana Blaženović
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jian Ji
- School of Food Science, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, School of Food Science Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Joint International Research Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology (NJMU), Ministry of Education. Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- School of Food Science, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, School of Food Science Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Joint International Research Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Parkinson's Disease-Related Biomarkers That May Appear in Amphetamine Abusers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:3081891. [PMID: 34712729 PMCID: PMC8548088 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3081891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. Amphetamine addiction may cause serious of psychotic and physical damage to humans. There is some evidence that shows that amphetamine may increase the risk of PD. Thus, this study is aimed at comparing the PD serum biomarkers between amphetamine addicts and PD patients and utilizing them as diagnostic biomarkers for the early detection of PD incidence among amphetamine addicts. In the current study, nineteen amphetamine addicts, aged <40, were recruited from the Al Amal Psychiatric hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Nineteen PD patients and 19 healthy controls, who have never taken amphetamine, were also recruited. Blood samples were withdrawn from all groups. A biomarker multiplex assay from MILLIPLEX was used to assess the levels of serum amyloid-P (SAP), complement C4, C-reactive protein (CRP), and CRP/albumin ratio in serum samples (Vitros 350® slide was used to assess the albumin). All data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The results showed that SAP and CRP levels were significantly higher in amphetamine addicts compared to healthy controls (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0001, respectively). The results of amphetamine addicts were comparable to PD levels. However, there are no significant differences between all studied groups concerning complement C4 level. Moreover, albumin levels were significantly decreased and CRP/Albumin ratio levels were significantly increased in amphetamine addicts (p = 0.01 and p = 0.041, respectively) in contrast with controls. These findings indicate that the increased level of these inflammatory biomarkers (SAP and CRP) in the amphetamine addicts may give a potential possibility of their serum level to be used as screening markers to detect PD development in the amphetamine addict. It may be useful to evaluate the changes in easily accessible and cost-effective parameters such as the serum CRP/albumin ratio.
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Wang Y, Zhang J, Deji C, Fan J, Miao X, Li S, Zeng X, Guan F. Differential perturbations of gut microbial profiles and co-occurrence networks among phases of methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:2860-2873. [PMID: 34510511 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The gut-brain axis provides a pathway for the interaction between gut microbiota and methamphetamine (METH) addiction. However, the gut microbial signatures during different phases of METH use remain unclear. In the present study, we established models of acquisition, extinction, and reinstatement of METH-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in male mice and detected the gut microbiome profiles of the fecal samples at the three phases by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Our results revealed that the richness of the gut microbiome increased following repeated METH administration, and it decreased after 4 weeks of abstinence. The microbial richness remained at a low level after one METH challenge at the reinstatement phase. The abundance of several genera including Prevotella, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus differentially altered among phases of METH-induced CPP. The co-occurrence networks of the gut microbiome became weaker and more unstable during the development of METH-induced CPP at the extinction and reinstatement phases. Notably, the predicted gene functions of short-chain fatty acid metabolism, which were correlated with the abundance of Prevotella, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus, were found differentially enriched among phases of METH-induced CPP. Our findings highlight a potential association between perturbations of the gut microbiome and different phases of METH use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission for Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Bio-evidence Sciences Academy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission for Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Bio-evidence Sciences Academy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cuola Deji
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission for Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Bio-evidence Sciences Academy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingna Fan
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission for Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Bio-evidence Sciences Academy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinyao Miao
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission for Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Bio-evidence Sciences Academy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuaicheng Li
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fanglin Guan
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission for Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Bio-evidence Sciences Academy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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62
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Khorablou Z, Shahdost-Fard F, Razmi H, Yola ML, Karimi-Maleh H. Recent advances in developing optical and electrochemical sensors for analysis of methamphetamine: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130393. [PMID: 33823350 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of misused stimulant drugs has always been a hot topic from a medical and judicial perspective. Methamphetamine (MAMP) is an addictive and illegal drug that profoundly affects the central nervous system. Like other illicit drugs, the detection of MAMP in biological and street samples is vital for several organizations such as forensic medicine, anti-drug headquarters and diagnostic clinics. By emerging nanotechnology and exploiting nanomaterials in sensing applications, a great deal of attention has been given to the design of analytical sensors in MAMP tracing. For the first time, this study has briefly reviewed all the optical and electrochemical sensors in MAMP detection from earlier so far. How various receptors with engineering nanomaterials allow developing novel approaches to measure MAMP have been studied. Fundamental concepts related to optical and electrochemical recognition assays in which nanomaterials have been used and relevant MAMP sensing applications have been comprehensively covered. Challenges, opportunities and future outlooks of this field have also been discussed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Khorablou
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, PO BOX 53714-161, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Habib Razmi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, PO BOX 53714-161, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mehmet Lütfi Yola
- Hasan Kalyoncu University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Hassan Karimi-Maleh
- School of Resources and Enviroment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, P.O. Box 611731, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, PR China; Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, 9477177870, Iran; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, 2028, Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, South Africa.
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63
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Roohbakhsh A, Moshiri M, Salehi Kakhki A, Iranshahy M, Amin F, Etemad L. Thymoquinone abrogates methamphetamine-induced striatal neurotoxicity and hyperlocomotor activity in mice. Res Pharm Sci 2021; 16:391-399. [PMID: 34447447 PMCID: PMC8356713 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.319577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Methamphetamine (METH) abuse has devastating consequences on the nervous system. There are limited therapy choices in METH abuse with reduced effectiveness and elevated recurrence rates. Thymoquinone (TQ), the most bioactive constituent of Nigella sativa seeds exerts neuroprotective effects mainly via antioxidant properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of TQ against METH-induced striatal neurotoxicity and hyperlocomotor activity in mice. Experimental approach: Our groups of animals received METH (10 mg/kg) four times a day with 2 h intervals. Normal saline or TQ (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally 30 min before METH administration. Control and sham groups received vehicle or TQ, respectively. The rectal temperature and behavioral tests including the open field for locomotor activity and rotarod for motor coordination were evaluated. The level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as pathological changes, were also assessed in the striatum region. Findings/Results: No significant differences in rectal temperatures were observed among treated groups. Administration of METH increased locomotor activity and did not change motor coordination. TQ co-administration with METH significantly reduced the central and total locomotion and the mean latency to fall off the rotarod in a dose-dependent manner compared with the METH group. TQ also alleviated the METH-induced decrease in the activity of SOD.TQ, especially at the high dose, reduced the METH-induced reactive gliosis level. Conclusion and implications: In conclusion, TQ prevents the enhanced locomotor activity, antioxidant impairment, and morphological striatal damage caused by METH in mice. TQ may be a potential candidate for the treatment of specific METH-induced brain disorders or neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Roohbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I.R. Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Moshiri
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I.R. Iran
| | - Azam Salehi Kakhki
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I.R. Iran
| | - Milad Iranshahy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I.R. Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran.,Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran
| | - Leila Etemad
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, I.R. Iran
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64
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Li Z, Qi Y, Liu K, Cao Y, Zhang H, Song C, Deng H. Effect of Chaihu-jia-Longgu-Muli decoction on withdrawal symptoms in rats with methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20211376. [PMID: 34355745 PMCID: PMC8380915 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine detoxification prescription Chaihu-jia-Longgu-Muli decoction (CLMD) relieves depressive symptoms in patients withdrawing from methamphetamine. In the present study, we assessed the effects of CLMD on methamphetamine withdrawal in rats. A methamphetamine-intoxicated rat model was established. Rats were randomly divided into the control, model, high-dosage, medium-dosage, and low-dosage groups, receiving high, medium, and low doses of CLMD, respectively. Weekly body weight measurements revealed that rats treated with methamphetamine had the lowest body weight. The conditioned place preference (CPP) experiment revealed that methamphetamine-intoxicated rats stayed significantly longer in the drug-paired chamber than the control rats. However, after administering high-dosage CLMD, the amount of time the rats spent in the drug-paired chamber was significantly less than that of the model rats. Our open-field test revealed that the model group had lower crossing and rearing scores than the control group. Additionally, rats that received CLMD treatment exhibited higher crossing and rearing scores than the model rats. Striatal dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and endorphins (β-EP) and serum interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-2 concentrations were estimated. Rats in the model group had lower striatal DA, 5-HT, and β-EP and higher serum IL-1α and IL-2 concentrations than those in the control group. High-dosage CLMD administration significantly changed the concentrations of these molecules, such that they approached normal concentrations. In general, CLMD could prevent the development of methamphetamine-induced withdrawal symptoms in rats by increasing the DA, 5-HT, and β-EP and lowering the IL-1α and IL-2 concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifa Li
- Behavioural Phenotyping Core Facility, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Chinese Medicine Neuro-Psycho Pharmacology Laboratory (CMNPPL), Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yuchen Qi
- No. 2 Department of Encephalopathy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Behavioural Phenotyping Core Facility, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Chinese Medicine Neuro-Psycho Pharmacology Laboratory (CMNPPL), Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yiming Cao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Behavioural Phenotyping Core Facility, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Chinese Medicine Neuro-Psycho Pharmacology Laboratory (CMNPPL), Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Chunhong Song
- Behavioural Phenotyping Core Facility, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Chinese Medicine Neuro-Psycho Pharmacology Laboratory (CMNPPL), Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Hualiang Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
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65
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Jung S, Kim Y, Kim M, Seo M, Kim S, Kim S, Lee S. Exercise Pills for Drug Addiction: Forced Moderate Endurance Exercise Inhibits Methamphetamine-Induced Hyperactivity through the Striatal Glutamatergic Signaling Pathway in Male Sprague Dawley Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158203. [PMID: 34360969 PMCID: PMC8348279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise reduces the extent, duration, and frequency of drug use in drug addicts during the drug initiation phase, as well as during prolonged addiction, withdrawal, and recurrence. However, information about exercise-induced neurobiological changes is limited. This study aimed to investigate the effects of forced moderate endurance exercise training on methamphetamine (METH)-induced behavior and the associated neurobiological changes. Male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to the administration of METH (1 mg/kg/day, i.p.) and/or forced moderate endurance exercise (treadmill running, 21 m/min, 60 min/day) for 2 weeks. Over the two weeks, endurance exercise training significantly reduced METH-induced hyperactivity. METH and/or exercise treatment increased striatal dopamine (DA) levels, decreased p(Thr308)-Akt expression, and increased p(Tyr216)-GSK-3β expression. However, the phosphorylation levels of Ser9-GSK-3β were significantly increased in the exercise group. METH administration significantly increased the expression of NMDAr1, CaMKK2, MAPKs, and PP1 in the striatum, and exercise treatment significantly decreased the expression of these molecules. Therefore, it is apparent that endurance exercise inhibited the METH-induced hyperactivity due to the decrease in GSK-3β activation by the regulation of the striatal glutamate signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sooyeun Lee
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-580-6651; Fax: +82-53-580-5164
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66
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Yang C, Fu X, Hao W, Xiang X, Liu T, Yang B, Zhang X. Gut dysbiosis associated with the rats' responses in methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12975. [PMID: 33094505 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) is a potent stimulant and notoriously addictive. Individuals respond to MA effects differently and thus have a varying susceptible risk of developing MA use disorder. Cumulative evidence has indicated that gut dysbiosis contributes to behavioral response to drug effects. However, the role of gut microbiota in the susceptible risk of developing MA use disorder has remained elusive. Using an MA-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) rat model, we administrated the same dose of MA to rats, which then showed distinct preferences in drug-related place, indicating their different responses to MA. From all of the MA-exposed rats, the eight with the highest CPP scores were labeled as group high CPP (H-CPP), and the eight with the lowest were labeled as group low CPP (L-CPP). By 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing, we found that the gut microbiota compositions differed between H-CPP and L-CPP. Specifically, Akkermansia was significantly higher in H-CPP and positively correlated with the CPP scores. Notably, H-CPP and L-CPP differed in the gut microbiota composition prior to the CPP training; Ruminococcus was the dominant phylotype in H-CPP at baseline. More importantly, rats pretreated by antibiotics showed a significantly stronger MA-induced CPP than did the controls. Our study demonstrates that the gut dysbiosis was associated with the MA-induced CPP, indicating that the gut microbiota might be important modulators for MA-induced behavior and vulnerability to MA use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
- National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya) Changsha China
- National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders Changsha China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health Changsha China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Xiaoya Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
- National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya) Changsha China
- National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders Changsha China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health Changsha China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Wei Hao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
- National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya) Changsha China
- National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders Changsha China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health Changsha China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Xiaojun Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
- National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya) Changsha China
- National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders Changsha China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health Changsha China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Tieqiao Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
- National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya) Changsha China
- National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders Changsha China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health Changsha China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Bao‐Zhu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT USA
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
- National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders (Xiangya) Changsha China
- National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders Changsha China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health Changsha China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University Changsha China
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67
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Ebrahimi-Ghiri M, Khakpai F, Zarrindast MR. URB597 abrogates anxiogenic and depressive behaviors in the methamphetamine-withdrawal mice: Role of the cannabinoid receptor type 1, cannabinoid receptor type 2, and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 channels. J Psychopharmacol 2021; 35:875-884. [PMID: 33155516 DOI: 10.1177/0269881120965934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methamphetamine is an addictive stimulant that possesses toxicity in the brain when taken repeatedly or at higher doses. Methamphetamine neurotoxicity is associated with numerous forms of mental impairment, including depression and anxiety. Evidence has also demonstrated that the endocannabinoid system is involved in the regulation of anxiety and depression. AIMS This study was designed to determine the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in anxiety- and depression-related behaviors in methamphetamine-withdrawal male NMRI mice. METHODS The elevated plus maze and forced swim test were used to assess the level of anxiety and depression. RESULTS We found that methamphetamine (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) evoked depressive- and anxiogenic-like effects at 3 days post-administration. Injection of URB597 (5-10 ng/mouse, intracerebroventricular), 10 min before the test, prevented the emotional deficits induced by methamphetamine withdrawal. Moreover, the cannabinoid receptor type 1 antagonist AM251 (1 μg/mouse) or cannabinoid receptor type 2 antagonist AM630 (5 and 10 μg/mouse) suppressed the antidepressant activity in the methamphetamine-withdrawal mice treated with URB597. The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 antagonist capsazepine (25 μg/mouse) prevented while capsazepine (100 μg/mouse) potentiated the antidepressant efficacy in the methamphetamine-withdrawal mice treated with URB597. The higher dose of AM630 and two higher doses of capsazepine had antidepressant efficacy, by themselves. Furthermore, capsazepine (50 μg/mouse) increased locomotion in the methamphetamine-withdrawal mice treated with URB597. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that URB597 has a potential for preventing methamphetamine withdrawal-evoked anxiety and depression. Cannabinoid type 1 receptors, cannabinoid type 2 receptors and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 differently affect depression-related behaviors in methamphetamine-withdrawal mice treated with URB597.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Khakpai
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Neuroendocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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68
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Liu J, Chen C, Liu M, Zhuang S. Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Cognitive Function in Women With Methamphetamine Dependence in a Detoxification Program in Tianjin, China: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nurs Res 2021; 29:e164. [PMID: 34183568 DOI: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is prevalent among individuals, especially women, with methamphetamine dependence. Although aerobic exercise has been shown to affect cognitive function in humans and animals, few related studies have focused on subjects with methamphetamine dependence. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the detoxification-related effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in women with methamphetamine dependence. METHODS A randomized controlled trial was used with 98 women with methamphetamine dependence undergoing a detoxification program at a mental hospital. The women were distributed using a computer-generated grouping random method into either the study or control group. The investigator conducting the baseline questionnaire, the neuropsychologist assessing the cognitive function, and the data analyst were blinded to group assignment. In addition to hospital routine care, the study group received an aerobic exercise intervention for 3 months. The control group only received hospital routine care. Attention and working memory were measured using the Trail Making Test and Digit Span Test, verbal memory was measured using Logical Memory (LM) and Memory for Persons Data (MPD), and executive function was measured using the Color-Word Stroop Test. RESULTS Forty-nine participants were randomized into each group, and the valid data of 43 participants in the study group and 46 in the control group were analyzed. The study group showed significantly more improvement over time in terms of Digit Span Test, Trail Making Test, LM-delayed, MPD-5 minutes delayed, MPD-30 minutes delayed, and Color-Word Stroop Test than the control group (p < .05). LM-immediate and MPD-immediate scores showed that the effects of time and the interaction between time and group were significant but that the main effect of group was not. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Women undergoing detoxification for methamphetamine dependence may practice aerobic exercise to improve attention, working memory, executive function, and parts of verbal memory. Aerobic exercise may be incorporated into detoxification treatment programs to facilitate the recovery of cognitive functions in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- BSN, RN, Graduate Student, School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Chen Chen
- BSN, RN, Graduate Student, School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Maojie Liu
- BSN, RN, Graduate Student, School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Shumei Zhuang
- PhD, RN, Associate Professor, School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, China
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69
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Miyazaki S, Tahara Y, Colwell CS, Block GD, Nakamura W, Nakamura TJ. Chronic methamphetamine uncovers a circadian rhythm in multiple-unit neural activity in the dorsal striatum which is independent of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2021; 11:100070. [PMID: 34307964 PMCID: PMC8258683 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2021.100070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The dorsal striatum forms part of the basal ganglia circuit that is a major regulator of voluntary motor behavior. Dysfunction in this circuit is a critical factor in the pathology of neurological (Parkinson's and Huntington's disease) as well as psychiatric disorders. In this study, we employed in vivo real-time monitoring of multiple unit neural activity (MUA) in the dorsal striatum of freely moving mice. We demonstrate that the striatum exhibits robust diurnal and circadian rhythms in MUA that peak in the night. These rhythms are dependent upon the central circadian clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) as lesions of this structure caused the loss of rhythmicity measured in the striatum. Nonetheless, chronic treatment of methamphetamine (METH) makes circadian rhythms appear in MUA recorded from the striatum of SCN-lesioned mice. These data demonstrate that the physiological properties of neurons in the dorsal striatum are regulated by the circadian system and that METH drives circadian rhythms in striatal physiology in the absence of the SCN. The finding of SCN-driven circadian rhythms in striatal physiology has important implications for an understanding of the temporal regulation of motor control as well as revealing how disease processes may disrupt this regulation. Dorsal striatum exhibits robust circadian rhythms in MUA in freely moving animals. Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) lesions caused the loss of rhythmicity measured in the striatum. METH treatment made newly striatal MUA rhythms appear after SCN lesions. METH treatment reduced the amplitude and delayed the offset of SCN rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Yu Tahara
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024-1759, USA.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Christopher S Colwell
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024-1759, USA
| | - Gene D Block
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024-1759, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4132, USA
| | - Wataru Nakamura
- Department of Oral-Chrono Physiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
| | - Takahiro J Nakamura
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024-1759, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904-4132, USA
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Hossain MK, Hassanzadeganroudsari M, Kypreos E, Feehan J, Apostolopoulos V. Immune to addiction: how immunotherapies can be used to combat methamphetamine addiction. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:707-715. [PMID: 33970739 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1927725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The concept of anti-methamphetamine (METH) immunotherapies is a few decades old. A substantial amount of information has been generated on the development of anti-METH immunotherapies, particularly in the preclinical stages of development of vaccines and monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatments. However, the concept of treating METH use addiction with anti-METH immunotherapies is not well understood by many researchers or general readers. A series of questions commonly arise regarding the concept: how does it work? What is the antigen used? How exactly does the vaccine prevent METH addiction?Areas covered: This paper reviews the published articles relating to the mechanisms of METH use disorders, strategies used in the development of anti-METH immunotherapies, and the mechanism of action of these treatments. It provides clear explanations to questions surrounding the basis of anti-METH immunotherapies and contextualizes their development. It also identifies areas for future investigation to speed their translation into clinical use.Expert opinion: While METH immunotherapies, including vaccines and mAbs, have progressed significantly in the last 30 years, there are newer approaches that should be evaluated to improve their translatability. Approaches including nanoparticle vaccines, virus-like particles, and other novel methods should be fully evaluated as means of generating anti-METH immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Kamal Hossain
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Erica Kypreos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jack Feehan
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
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Event-level patterns of methamphetamine and poly-drug use among millennial sexual minority men: The P18 Cohort Study. Addict Behav 2021; 117:106831. [PMID: 33588290 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Knowledge on methamphetamine use among a new generation of sexual minority men (SMM) is limited. This study describes the event-level patterns of methamphetamine use and characteristics of methamphetamine users across time among Millennial SMM emerging into adulthood. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted in two waves: 2009-2014 (Wave I) and 2014-2019 (Wave II) in the New York City metropolitan area. A total of 600 Millennial SMM ages 18-19 years were recruited for Wave I. A total of 665 SMM ages 22-23 years were recruited for Wave II, of which 41.2% (n = 274) were retained from Wave I. The Timeline Followback assessment was conducted every six months to record event-level drug use in the 30 days prior to the visit. RESULTS A total of 5.4% of participants of between the ages of 18-27 reported methamphetamine use throughout the study period. The average number of days of methamphetamine use was significantly higher among racial/ethnic minority men in Wave II (F = 4.34, p = 0.0029). We found methamphetamine use occurred more often on weekend days and same-day use of methamphetamine occurred most often with cannabis and gamma-hydroxybutyrate. Usage of methamphetamine was significantly greater among SMM in Wave II who by design were older than Wave I. CONCLUSION We have identified differences in methamphetamine use by race/ethnicity. Weekend use and poly-drug use were common among methamphetamine-using SMM. Data indicate differential use in the population and that attempts to address this addictive behavior must be linked to other drug use and socialization among young SMM.
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72
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Zhao J, Kral AH, Simpson KA, Ceasar RC, Wenger LD, Kirkpatrick M, Bluthenthal RN. Factors associated with methamphetamine withdrawal symptoms among people who inject drugs. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 223:108702. [PMID: 33894459 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular methamphetamine (MA) use can result in withdrawal syndrome characterized by fatigue, agitation, depression, and anxiety. No studies that we are aware of have examined the prevalence and predictors of MA withdrawal symptoms among people who inject drugs (PWID). METHODS PWID were recruited using targeted sampling methods in Los Angeles and San Francisco, California from 2016 to 2017. Survey questions included demographics, drug use, and MA withdrawal symptoms, frequency, and symptom severity. Participants who reported regular MA use (> 12 times in the last 30 days) were included in this analysis (N = 595). Multivariable regression models were developed to examine factors associated with any MA withdrawal, withdrawal frequency, symptom severity, and receptive syringe sharing. RESULTS MA withdrawal symptoms in the past 6 months were reported by 53 % of PWID, with 25 % reporting weekly withdrawal symptoms, and 20 % reporting very or extremely painful symptoms. In multivariable logistic regression, presence of any MA withdrawal symptoms was positively associated with more frequent MA use and non-injection tranquilizer use and inversely associated with crack cocaine use. Among those reporting any withdrawal, female sex was associated with more frequent withdrawal symptoms. Very or extremely painful withdrawal symptoms were associated with being in residential treatment. Receptive syringe sharing was associated with any MA withdrawal symptoms and weekly frequency of symptoms. CONCLUSION MA withdrawal symptoms are common among PWID and are associated with receptive syringe sharing. Strategies for implementing MA use treatment, safe supply programs, and syringe services programs targeting people who inject MA are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan Zhao
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States
| | - Alex H Kral
- RTI International, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 800, Berkeley, CA, 94704, United States
| | - Kelsey A Simpson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute for Prevention Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St, 3rd Floor, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States
| | - Rachel Carmen Ceasar
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute for Prevention Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St, 3rd Floor, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States
| | - Lynn D Wenger
- RTI International, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 800, Berkeley, CA, 94704, United States
| | - Matt Kirkpatrick
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute for Prevention Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St, 3rd Floor, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States
| | - Ricky N Bluthenthal
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute for Prevention Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N Soto St, 3rd Floor, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, United States.
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73
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Bakhshinezhad H, Darharaj M, Feyzi YF, Babaei S, Ahadi R, Jamei B, Pourhamzeh M, Daneshi A, Arezoomandan R. The Relationship Between Brain Metabolites Alterations and Neuropsychological Deficits in Patients with Methamphetamine Use Disorder: A Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2021; 37:160-172. [PMID: 33993207 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acab033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic use of methamphetamine induces neuropsychological deficits and neurochemical changes in frontostriatal regions. This study aimed to examine the relationship between brain metabolites alterations in frontostriatal regions and neuropsychological deficits in patients with methamphetamine use disorder. METHOD A total of 30 methamphetamine users and 20 control participants were selected and a battery of standardized executive function, attention, and memory tasks, including the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Stroop Test, and Wechsler Memory Scale, was administered to them. Proton-Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) of N-Acetylaspartate/Creatine (NAA/Cr), Choline/Creatine (Cho/Cr), and glutamate + glutamine/creatine (Glx/Cr) in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and basal ganglia (BG) were also undertaken. RESULTS Current findings indicated that there were significant differences between two groups in metabolite ratios including NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and Glx/Cr in three areas, except for Glx/Cr in BG. Moreover, compared to healthy controls, methamphetamine users showed poorer performance in all neuropsychological tests. Finally, a significant relationship was found between regional metabolites alterations, particularly in the ACC, and neuropsychological deficits in methamphetamine users. CONCLUSIONS In addition to neurochemical changes and neuropsychological deficits in patients with methamphetamine use disorder, current results highlighted the relationship between these changes in DLPFC, ACC, and BG with cognitive deficits in methamphetamine users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Bakhshinezhad
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Darharaj
- Student Research Committee, Addiction Department, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasha Fayaz Feyzi
- Student Research Committee, Addiction Department, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirzad Babaei
- Student Research Committee, Psychology Department, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahadi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnammaddin Jamei
- Neuroscience Research Center (NRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Pourhamzeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolhadi Daneshi
- Haft-e-Tir Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Arezoomandan
- Addiction Department, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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74
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Sun N, Meng X, Liu Y, Song D, Jiang C, Cai J. Applications of brain organoids in neurodevelopment and neurological diseases. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:30. [PMID: 33888112 PMCID: PMC8063318 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00728-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A brain organoid is a self-organizing three-dimensional tissue derived from human embryonic stem cells or pluripotent stem cells and is able to simulate the architecture and functionality of the human brain. Brain organoid generation methods are abundant and continue to improve, and now, an in vivo vascularized brain organoid has been encouragingly reported. The combination of brain organoids with immune-staining and single-cell sequencing technology facilitates our understanding of brain organoids, including the structural organization and the diversity of cell types. Recent publications have reported that brain organoids can mimic the dynamic spatiotemporal process of early brain development, model various human brain disorders, and serve as an effective preclinical platform to test and guide personalized treatment. In this review, we introduce the current state of brain organoid differentiation strategies, summarize current progress and applications in the medical domain, and discuss the challenges and prospects of this promising technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Xiangqi Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Yuxiang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Dan Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Chuanlu Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Jinquan Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China. .,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Stockholm, Sweden.
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75
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Namba MD, Leyrer-Jackson JM, Nagy EK, Olive MF, Neisewander JL. Neuroimmune Mechanisms as Novel Treatment Targets for Substance Use Disorders and Associated Comorbidities. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:650785. [PMID: 33935636 PMCID: PMC8082184 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.650785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies examining the neurobiology of substance abuse have revealed a significant role of neuroimmune signaling as a mechanism through which drugs of abuse induce aberrant changes in synaptic plasticity and contribute to substance abuse-related behaviors. Immune signaling within the brain and the periphery critically regulates homeostasis of the nervous system. Perturbations in immune signaling can induce neuroinflammation or immunosuppression, which dysregulate nervous system function including neural processes associated with substance use disorders (SUDs). In this review, we discuss the literature that demonstrates a role of neuroimmune signaling in regulating learning, memory, and synaptic plasticity, emphasizing specific cytokine signaling within the central nervous system. We then highlight recent preclinical studies, within the last 5 years when possible, that have identified immune mechanisms within the brain and the periphery associated with addiction-related behaviors. Findings thus far underscore the need for future investigations into the clinical potential of immunopharmacology as a novel approach toward treating SUDs. Considering the high prevalence rate of comorbidities among those with SUDs, we also discuss neuroimmune mechanisms of common comorbidities associated with SUDs and highlight potentially novel treatment targets for these comorbid conditions. We argue that immunopharmacology represents a novel frontier in the development of new pharmacotherapies that promote long-term abstinence from drug use and minimize the detrimental impact of SUD comorbidities on patient health and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D. Namba
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | | | - Erin K. Nagy
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - M. Foster Olive
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
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Wang Z, Li C, Ding J, Li Y, Zhou Z, Huang Y, Wang X, Fan H, Huang J, He Y, Li J, Chen J, Qiu P. Basolateral Amygdala Serotonin 2C Receptor Regulates Emotional Disorder-Related Symptoms Induced by Chronic Methamphetamine Administration. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:627307. [PMID: 33628192 PMCID: PMC7897655 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.627307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, methamphetamine (MA) is the second most abused drug, with psychotic symptoms being one of the most common adverse effects. Emotional disorders induced by MA abuse have been widely reported both in human and animal models; however, the mechanisms underlying such disorders have not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, a chronic MA administration mouse model was utilized to elucidate the serotonergic pathway involved in MA-induced emotional disorders. After 4 weeks of MA administration, the animals exhibited significantly increased depressive and anxious symptoms. Molecular and morphological evidence showed that chronic MA administration reduced the expression of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) rate-limiting enzyme, tryptophan hydroxylase 2, in the dorsal raphe and the concentrations of 5-HT and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) nuclei. Alterations in both 5-HT and 5-HT receptor levels occurred simultaneously in BLA; quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and fluorescence analysis revealed that the expression of the 5-HT2C receptor (5-HT2CR) increased. Neuropharmacology and virus-mediated silencing strategies confirmed that targeting 5-HT2CR reversed the depressive and anxious behaviors induced by chronic MA administration. In the BLA, 5-HT2CR-positive cells co-localized with GABAergic interneurons. The inactivation of 5-HT2CR ameliorated impaired GABAergic inhibition and decreased BLA activation. Thus, herein, for the first time, we report that the abnormal regulation of 5-HT2CR is involved in the manifestation of emotional disorder-like symptoms induced by chronic MA use. Our study suggests that 5-HT2CR in the BLA is a promising clinical target for the treatment of MA-induced emotional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Department of Infertility and Sexual Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiuyang Ding
- School of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanning Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Huang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoliang Fan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Huang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yitong He
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- Department of Infertility and Sexual Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Infertility and Sexual Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pingming Qiu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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The transcranial direct current stimulation over prefrontal cortex combined with the cognitive training reduced the cue-induced craving in female individuals with methamphetamine use disorder: A randomized controlled trial. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 134:102-110. [PMID: 33383492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Craving and cognitive deficits are potential treatment targets for methamphetamine use disorder (MUD). Previous studies implied that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and cognitive training respectively improve these symptoms, but the combined effect is unknown. In this study, we investigated the combined effects of tDCS over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and computerized cognitive addiction therapy (CCAT) on cue-induced craving and cognitive functions among female individuals with MUD. METHODS Seventy-five patients with MUD were randomly assigned to three groups: CCAT + tDCS group, CCAT + sham tDCS group and the control group. The former two groups received 20 sessions of cognitive training combined 1.5 mA active/sham tDCS over DLPFC (20min/session, 5times/week), while the control group received usual care which includes routine medical care, health education, physical exercises and psychological support related to relapse prevention. The cue-induced craving and cognitive functions were tested at the baseline, the end of 2nd week and 4th week. RESULTS The CCAT + tDCS group showed a significant reduction in cue-induced craving after 4-week intervention. Moreover, the craving score of the real CCAT + tDCS group was significantly lower than that of the CCAT + sham tDCS group and that of the control group at the end of 4th week. A significant improvement in accuracy of TWOB task was only observed in the CCAT + tDCS group at the end of 4th week when compared to baseline. Unexpectedly, participants who received CCAT plus active or sham tDCS did not change their discounting, whereas those in the control group performed more impulsively over time. CONCLUSIONS The study found that the intervention of tDCS over DLPFC combined with CCAT may have potential benefit in improving treatment outcome in patients with MUD. More research is needed to explore the underlying mechanism.
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78
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Rodriguez EA, Yamamoto BK. Toxic Effects of Methamphetamine on Perivascular Health: Co-morbid Effects of Stress and Alcohol Use Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 19:2092-2107. [PMID: 34344290 PMCID: PMC9185763 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210803150023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (Meth) abuse presents a global problem and commonly occurs with stress and/or alcohol use disorders. Regardless, the biological causes and consequences of these comorbidities are unclear. Whereas the mechanisms of Meth, stress, and alcohol abuse have been examined individually and well-characterized, these processes overlap significantly and can impact the neural and peripheral consequences of Meth. This review focuses on the deleterious cardio- and cerebrovascular effects of Meth, stress, alcohol abuse, and their comorbid effects on the brain and periphery. Points of emphasis are on the composition of the blood-brain barrier and their effects on the heart and vasculature. The autonomic nervous system, inflammation, and oxidative stress are specifically highlighted as common mediators of the toxic consequences to vascular and perivascular health. A significant portion of the Meth abusing population also presents with stress and alcohol use disorders, prompting a need to understand the mechanisms underlying their comorbidities. Little is known about their possible convergent effects. Therefore, the purpose of this critical review is to identify shared mechanisms of Meth, chronic stress, and alcohol abuse that contributes to the dysfunction of vascular health and underscores the need for studies that directly address their interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A. Rodriguez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Bryan K. Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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79
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Dang J, Tiwari SK, Agrawal K, Hui H, Qin Y, Rana TM. Glial cell diversity and methamphetamine-induced neuroinflammation in human cerebral organoids. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1194-1207. [PMID: 32051547 PMCID: PMC7423603 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0676-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a potent stimulant that induces a euphoric state but also causes cognitive impairment, neurotoxicity and neurodevelopmental deficits. Yet, the molecular mechanisms by which METH causes neurodevelopmental defects have remained elusive. Here we utilized human cerebral organoids and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to study the effects of prenatal METH exposure on fetal brain development. We analyzed 20,758 cells from eight untreated and six METH-treated cerebral organoids and found that the organoids developed from embryonic stem cells contained a diverse array of glial and neuronal cell types. We further identified transcriptionally distinct populations of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes within cerebral organoids. Treatment of organoids with METH-induced marked changes in transcription in multiple cell types, including astrocytes and neural progenitor cells. METH also elicited novel astrocyte-specific gene expression networks regulating responses to cytokines, and inflammasome. Moreover, upregulation of immediate early genes, complement factors, apoptosis, and immune response genes suggests a neuroinflammatory program induced by METH regulating neural stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell death. Finally, we observed marked METH-induced changes in neuroinflammatory and cytokine gene expression at the RNA and protein levels. Our data suggest that human cerebral organoids represent a model system to study drug-induced neuroinflammation at single-cell resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Dang
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Program in Immunology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Shashi Kant Tiwari
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Program in Immunology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Kriti Agrawal
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Program in Immunology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Biology, Bioinformatics Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Hui Hui
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Program in Immunology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Biology, Bioinformatics Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Yue Qin
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Program in Immunology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Biology, Bioinformatics Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Tariq M. Rana
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Program in Immunology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
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Hossain MK, Hassanzadeganroudsari M, Apostolopoulos V. Why METH users are at high risk of fatality due to COVID-19 infection? Expert Rev Vaccines 2020; 19:1101-1103. [DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2020.1858059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Kamal Hossain
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
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Sun J, Chen F, Chen C, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Tian W, Yu J, Wang K. Intestinal mRNA expression profile and bioinformatics analysis in a methamphetamine-induced mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1669. [PMID: 33490181 PMCID: PMC7812166 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background Methamphetamine use has become a serious global public health problem and puts increasing burdens on healthcare services. Abdominal complications caused by methamphetamine use are uncommon and often go ignored by clinicians. The exact intestinal pathological alterations and transcriptomic responses associated with methamphetamine use are not well understood. This study sought to investigate the transcriptome in a methamphetamine-induced mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using next-generation RNA sequencing. Methods Tissues from the ileum of methamphetamine-treated mice (n=5) and control mice (n=5) were dissected, processed and applied to RNA-sequencing. Bioinformatics and histopathological analysis were then performed. The expression profiles of intestinal tissue samples were analyzed and their expression profiles were integrated to obtain the differentially expressed genes and analyzed using bioinformatics. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of the differentially expressed genes were performed using Metascape. Results A total of 326 differentially expressed genes were identified; of these genes, 120 were upregulated and 206 were downregulated. The Gene Ontology analysis showed that the biological processes of the differentially expressed genes were focused primarily on the regulation of cellular catabolic processes, endocytosis, and autophagy. The main cellular components included the endoplasmic and endocytic vesicles, cytoskeleton, adherens junctions, focal adhesions, cell body, and lysosomes. Molecular functions included protein transferase, GTPase and proteinase activities, actin-binding, and protein-lipid complex binding. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, and T-cell receptor signaling pathways. A set of overlapping genes between IBD and methamphetamine-treated intestinal tissues was discovered. Conclusions The present study is the first to analyze intestinal samples from methamphetamine-treated mice using high-throughput RNA sequencing. This study revealed key molecules that might be involved in the pathogenesis of a special type of methamphetamine-induced IBD. These results offer new insights into the relationship between methamphetamine abuse and IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxue Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,The Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fengrong Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,The Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,The Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zherui Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,The Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zunyue Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,The Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Weiwei Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,The Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Juehua Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,The Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Kunhua Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Sandau US, Duggan E, Shi X, Smith SJ, Huckans M, Schutzer WE, Loftis JM, Janowsky A, Nolan JP, Saugstad JA. Methamphetamine use alters human plasma extracellular vesicles and their microRNA cargo: An exploratory study. J Extracell Vesicles 2020; 10:e12028. [PMID: 33613872 PMCID: PMC7890470 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) is the largest drug threat across the globe, with health effects including neurotoxicity and cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have begun to link microRNAs (miRNAs) to the processes related to MA use and addiction. Our studies are the first to analyse plasma EVs and their miRNA cargo in humans actively using MA (MA-ACT) and control participants (CTL). In this cohort we also assessed the effects of tobacco use on plasma EVs. We used vesicle flow cytometry to show that the MA-ACT group had an increased abundance of EV tetraspanin markers (CD9, CD63, CD81), but not pro-coagulant, platelet-, and red blood cell-derived EVs. We also found that of the 169 plasma EV miRNAs, eight were of interest in MA-ACT based on multiple statistical criteria. In smokers, we identified 15 miRNAs of interest, two that overlapped with the eight MA-ACT miRNAs. Three of the MA-ACT miRNAs significantly correlated with clinical features of MA use and target prediction with these miRNAs identified pathways implicated in MA use, including cardiovascular disease and neuroinflammation. Together our findings indicate that MA use regulates EVs and their miRNA cargo, and support that further studies are warranted to investigate their mechanistic role in addiction, recovery, and recidivism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula S. Sandau
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | | | - Xiao Shi
- VA Portland Health Care SystemPortlandOregonUSA
- Department of PsychiatryOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Methamphetamine Research CenterOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Department of Behavioral NeuroscienceOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Sierra J. Smith
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Marilyn Huckans
- VA Portland Health Care SystemPortlandOregonUSA
- Department of PsychiatryOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Methamphetamine Research CenterOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Clinical Psychology ProgramOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - William E. Schutzer
- VA Portland Health Care SystemPortlandOregonUSA
- Department of PsychiatryOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Methamphetamine Research CenterOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Department of Behavioral NeuroscienceOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Jennifer M. Loftis
- VA Portland Health Care SystemPortlandOregonUSA
- Department of PsychiatryOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Methamphetamine Research CenterOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Clinical Psychology ProgramOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Aaron Janowsky
- VA Portland Health Care SystemPortlandOregonUSA
- Department of PsychiatryOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Methamphetamine Research CenterOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Department of Behavioral NeuroscienceOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | | | - Julie A. Saugstad
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative MedicineOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
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Nazmara Z, Shirinbayan P, Reza Asgari H, Ahadi R, Asgari F, Maki CB, Fattahi F, Hosseini B, Janzamin E, Koruji M. The epigenetic alterations of human sperm cells caused by heroin use disorder. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13799. [PMID: 33099803 DOI: 10.1111/and.13799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of drug use on sexual health are largely unknown. We investigated, the relationship between heroin use disorder and epigenetic factors influencing histone acetylation in sperm cells. The volunteers included twenty-four 20- to 50-year-old men with a normal spermogram who did not consume any drugs and twenty-four age- to BMI-matched men who consume only the drug heroin for more than last four months. HDAC1 and HDAC11 mRNA expression levels in spermatozoa and miR-34c-5p and miR-125b-5p expression levels in seminal plasma were measured. The heroin-user group showed significantly increased white blood cell counts and decreased sperm motility and survival rates (8.61 ± 1.73, 21.50 ± 3.11, 69.90 ± 4.69 respectively) as compared to the control group (1.49 ± 0.32, 38.82 ± 3.05, 87.50 ± 0.99 respectively) (p ≤ .001). An increase in DNA fragmentation index (DFI) (heroin-user group: 41.93 ± 6.59% and control group: 10.14 ± 1.43%, p = .003), a change in frequency of HDAC1 (heroin-user group: 1.69 ± 0.55 and control group: 0.45 ± 0.14, p = .045) and HDAC11 (heroin-user group: 0.29 ± 0.13 and control group: 2.36 ± 0.76, p = .019) in spermatozoa and a significant decrease in seminal miR-125b-5p abundance (heroin-user group: 0.37 ± 0.11 and control group: 1.59 ± 0.47, p = .028) were reported in heroin consumers. Heroin use can lead to male infertility by causing leukocytospermia, asthenozoospermia, DFI elevation in sperm cells and alterations in seminal RNA profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Nazmara
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peymaneh Shirinbayan
- Pediatric Neuro-Rehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Asgari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center & Department of Anatomy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ahadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center & Department of Anatomy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Asgari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center & Department of Anatomy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Chad B Maki
- VetCell Therapeutics USA, Santa Ana, CA, USA
| | - Fahimeh Fattahi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bitasadat Hosseini
- Department of Biochemistry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Janzamin
- Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Royan Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Koruji
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center & Department of Anatomy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether methamphetamine (MA) users are at an increased risk for complications compared to matched controls in the setting of orthopaedic trauma. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Academic Level-1 Trauma Center. PATIENTS MA users and matched controls. INTERVENTION MA use. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Infection, Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), and nonunion. RESULTS Five hundred sixty-seven patients were included in our study (189 MA users, 378 matched controls). On univariate analysis, MA users had a higher incidence of DVT (3.2% vs. 0.5%), but no statistically significant difference in infection or nonunion rates. MA users also had a higher incidence of intensive care unit admission (36.0% vs. 27.8%), leaving the hospital against medical advice (9.0% vs. 2.1%), nonadherence to weightbearing precautions (18.8% vs. 7.3%), and a higher incidence of loss of follow-up (47.1% vs. 30.4%). However, MA users had a lower incidence of surgical treatment for orthopaedic injuries (51.9% vs. 65.9%). When surgical treatment was pursued, more trips to the operating room were required for orthopaedic injuries in the MA group (2.6 vs. 1.5 trips). On multivariate analysis, MA users continued to demonstrate a higher incidence of DVT and a lower incidence of operative management, but more trips to the operating room when surgical management was pursued, a higher admission rate to the intensive care unit, and a greater incidence of loss of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS MA use is associated with increased inpatient and outpatient complications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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Shokrollahi M, Seidi S, Fotouhi L. In situ electrosynthesis of a copper-based metal–organic framework as nanosorbent for headspace solid-phase microextraction of methamphetamine in urine with GC-FID analysis. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:548. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04535-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Alasmari F, Alsanea S, Masood A, Alhazzani K, Alanazi IO, Musambil M, Alfadda AA, Alshammari MA, Alasmari AF, Benabdelkamel H. Serum proteomic profiling of patients with amphetamine use disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 214:108157. [PMID: 32652378 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amphetamine use disorder has been recently classified as an epidemic condition. Amphetamine use/abuse has been associated with several neurological and inflammatory effects. However, the exact mechanism involved in these effects warrants further investigation. The aim of this study was to determine any alterations in the serum proteome of individuals classified as patients with amphetamine use disorder compared to that of control subjects. METHODS An untargeted proteomic approach employing two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry was used to identify the patterns of differentially expressed proteins. Serum samples were collected from 20 individuals (males) including 10 subjects with amphetamine use disorder and 10 healthy controls for the present study. RESULTS The analysis revealed 78 proteins with a significant difference in protein abundance between the amphetamine-addicted subjects and controls. Among them, 71 proteins were upregulated while 7 proteins remained downregulated in the amphetamine-addicted group. These proteins were further analyzed by ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) to investigate their correlation with other biomarkers. IPA revealed the correlation of altered proteins with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP2K1/K2), p38MAPK, protein kinase-B (PKB; Akt), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways. Importantly, these pathways are highly involved in neurological diseases, inflammatory responses, and cellular compromise. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the changes in the levels of serum proteins between amphetamine and control groups might affect cellular compromise, inflammatory response, and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sary Alsanea
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afshan Masood
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alhazzani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim O Alanazi
- The National Center of Biotechnology (NCB), Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohthash Musambil
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assim A Alfadda
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaad A Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah F Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hicham Benabdelkamel
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
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87
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Duan S, Xie L, Zheng L, Huang J, Guo R, Sun Z, Xie Y, Lv J, Lin Z, Ma S. Long-term exposure to ephedrine leads to neurotoxicity and neurobehavioral disorders accompanied by up-regulation of CRF in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in rhesus macaques. Behav Brain Res 2020; 393:112796. [PMID: 32634541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Drug addiction continues to threaten the health and welfare of people worldwide, and ephedrine abuse is a serious drug problem in many areas of the world. Ephedrine toxicity is thought to induce behavioral effects primarily through actions on the central nervous system. The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system plays an important role in regulating behavioral effects induced by addictive drugs, but whether CRF is related to ephedrine toxicity remains unclear. This study seeks to examine whether there is a correlation between the CRF and chronic ephedrine neurotoxicity. To this end, we established a chronic ephedrine (0.4-1.6 mg/kg/d) exposure model in rhesus macaques, assessed its effects on body weight and behavior, examined neuronal changes in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, and measured the CRF expression in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. After 8-weeks of exposure to ephedrine, the toxic effects of ephedrine included significant weight loss and induction of behavioral changes in rhesus macaques. In particular, in the modeling group, the abnormal behavioral changes mainly manifested as irritability and behavioral sensitization. Meanwhile, the histological abnormalities included neuronal morphological changes, pyknosis and irregular shapes of neurons in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. In addition, the expression levels of CRF mRNA and protein were increased in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of ephedrine-treated animals. In summary, the finding of this study indicated that ephedrine neurotoxicity can cause neuronal damage in cerebral cortex, which in turn can result in certain neurobehavioral abnormalities, and that CRF expression in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus is elevated in response to ephedrine exposure. These observations suggested that long-term exposure to ephedrine might be causing neurotoxicity and leading to neurobehavioral disorders accompanied by up-regulation of CRF in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouxing Duan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Lian Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - JinZhuang Huang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - RuiWei Guo
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - ZongBo Sun
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Xie
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - JunYao Lv
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - ZhiRong Lin
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuhua Ma
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
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88
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Xiong Q, Tian X, Li W, Chen L, Zhou M, Xu C, Ru Q. Sulforaphane alleviates methamphetamine-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis via the Nrf2-mediated pathway in vitro and in vivo. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2020.1784099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xiong
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, PR People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Tian
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, PR People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiling Li
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, PR People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, PR People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, PR People’s Republic of China
| | - Congyue Xu
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, PR People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Ru
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, PR People’s Republic of China
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89
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Liu Y, Wen D, Gao J, Xie B, Yu H, Shen Q, Zhang J, Jing W, Cong B, Ma C. Methamphetamine induces GSDME-dependent cell death in hippocampal neuronal cells through the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. Brain Res Bull 2020; 162:73-83. [PMID: 32544512 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is an illegal amphetamine-typed psychostimulant that is abused worldwide and causes serious public health problems. METH exposure induces apoptosis and autophagy in neuronal cells. However, the role of pyroptosis in METH-induced neurotoxicity is still unclear. Here, we investigate whether pyroptosis is involved in METH-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity and the potential mechanisms of Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in hippocampal neuronal cells. For this purpose, the expression levels of pyroptosis-related proteins, GSDMD and GSDME, were analyzed by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry in the hippocampal neuron cell line HT-22. Next, we explored METH-induced pyroptosis in HT-22 using immunoblotting, LDH assays and SYTOX green acid staining. Further, the relationship between pyroptosis and ER stress in METH-induced hippocampal neuron damage was studied in HT-22 cells using inhibitors including TUDCA, a specific inhibitor of ER stress, GSK-2656157, a PERK pathway inhibitor and STF-0803010, an inhibitor of IRE1α endoribonuclease activity. This relationship was also studied using siRNAs, including siTRAF2, an siRNA against IRE1α kinase activity and siATF6 against the ATF6 pathway, which were analyzed by immunoblotting, LDH assays and SYTOX green acid staining. GSDME but not GSDMD was found to be expressed in HT-22 cells. METH treatment induced the upregulation of cleaved GSDME-NT and LDH release, as well as the increase of SYTOX green positive cells in HT-22 cells, which was partly reversed by inhibitors and siRNAs, indicating that the ER stress signaling pathway was involved in GSDME-dependent cell death induced by METH. In summary, these results revealed that METH induced ER stress that mediated GSDME-dependent cell death in hippocampal neuronal cells. These findings provide novel insight into the mechanisms of METH-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Di Wen
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Jingqi Gao
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Bing Xie
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Hailei Yu
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Qianchao Shen
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Weiwei Jing
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Bin Cong
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, PR China.
| | - Chunling Ma
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Shijiazhuang, PR China.
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90
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Ding J, Hu S, Meng Y, Li C, Huang J, He Y, Qiu P. Alpha-Synuclein deficiency ameliorates chronic methamphetamine induced neurodegeneration in mice. Toxicology 2020; 438:152461. [PMID: 32278788 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The α-Synuclein (α-syn) and tau have synergistic effects on neurodegenerative diseases induced by environmental factors or genetic mutation. Thus, we investigated the role of α-syn and tau in neurodegeneration induced by chronic methamphetamine (METH) exposure (1.0∼20.0 mg/kg/d body weight, for 14 consecutive days). Here, we present a mice model with evidences of α-syn and tau participating in toxicology in chronic METH. METH increased α-syn level in the stratum oriens, pyramidal layer, stratum radiatum and stratum moleculare of hippocampal CA1, CA2 and CA3, polymorph layer of hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), and substantia nigra (SN). The subcellular locations of the upregulated α-syn were mainly found in mitochondria and axons. The METH upregulated α-syn may directly induce mitochondrial damage, myelin sheath destruction, and synaptic failure. Also, the excess α-syn might indirectly promote tau phosphorylation through tau kinase GSK3β and CDK5, leading to microtubule depolymerization and eventually fusion deficit of autophagosome and lysosome. In the in vitro experiment, the autophagic vacuoles failed to fuse with the lysosome. The neuropathology induced by both the direct and indirect effects of α-syn could be alleviated by α-syn knockout. Taking together, these results indicate that the α-syn mediates the neurodegenerative process induced by chronic METH and that reducing α-syn might be a potential approach to protect the toxic effects of METH and also be, to a broader view, of therapeutic value in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyang Ding
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanshan Hu
- Good Clinical Practice Center, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China
| | - Yunle Meng
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Huang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Yitong He
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Pingming Qiu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
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91
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Yang GM, Li L, Xue FL, Ma CL, Zeng XF, Zhao YN, Zhang DX, Yu Y, Yan QW, Zhou YQ, Hong SJ, Li LH. The Potential Role of PKA/CREB Signaling Pathway Concerned with Gastrodin Administration on Methamphetamine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference Rats and SH-SY5Y Cell Line. Neurotox Res 2020; 37:926-935. [PMID: 31900897 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of gastrodin (GAS) on methamphetamine (MA)-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in rats and explore its potential mechanisms. MA (10 mg/kg) was initially injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) in rats, after which they were administered either MA or saline alternately from day 4 to 13 (D4-13) for 10 days, followed by treatment with GAS (10 or 20 mg/kg, i.p.) on D15-21 for 7 days. The rats underwent CPP testing after MA and GAS treatment. In vitro, SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to MA (2.0 mM) for 24 h, followed by treatment with GAS (2.0 or 4.0 mM) for 24 h. The expression levels of PKA, P-PKA, CREB, and P-CREB proteins in the prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, and ventral tegmental area of MA-induced CPP rats and in SH-SY5Y cells were detected by Western blot analysis. The MA-induced CPP rat model was successfully established. The administration of MA stimulated a significant alteration in behavior, as measured by the CPP protocol. After treatment with GAS, the amount of time rats spent in the MA-paired chamber was significantly reduced. Results also showed that MA increased the expression levels of PKA, P-PKA, CREB, and p-CREB proteins in the prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, and ventral tegmental area of CPP rats and in SH-SY5Y cells (p < 0.05). GAS attenuated the effect of MA-induced CPP in rats and decreased the expression levels of proteins in vivo and in vitro. Our study suggests that GAS can attenuate the effects of MA-induced CPP in rats by regulating the PKA/CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen-Meng Yang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng-Lin Xue
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Chen-Li Ma
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zeng
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yong-Na Zhao
- International Education School, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Dong-Xian Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Qian-Wen Yan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi-Qing Zhou
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Shi-Jun Hong
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Li-Hua Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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Acupuncture inhibits reinstatement of intravenous methamphetamine self-administration via gamma aminobutyric acid pathway. Neuroreport 2020; 31:352-358. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Duan S, Ma Y, Xie L, Zheng L, Huang J, Guo R, Sun Z, Xie Y, Lv J, Lin Z, Ma S. Effects of Chronic Ephedrine Toxicity on Functional Connections, Cell Apoptosis, and CREB-Related Proteins in the Prefrontal Cortex of Rhesus Monkeys. Neurotox Res 2020; 37:602-615. [PMID: 31858422 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00146-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ephedrine abuse has spread in many parts of the world, severely threatening human health. The mechanism of ephedrine toxicity is still unclear. To explore the possible neural mechanisms of ephedrine toxicity, this study established a non-human primate model of ephedrine exposure, analyzed the functional connectivity changes in its prefrontal cortex through resting state BOLD-fMRI, and then inspected the pathophysiological changes as well as the expression of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB), phosphorylated CREB (P-CREB), and CREB target proteins (c-fos and fosB) in the prefrontal cortex. After ephedrine toxicity, we found that the prefrontal cortex of monkeys strengthened its functional connectivity with the brain regions that perform motivation, drive, reward, and learning and memory functions and weakened its functional connectivity with the brain regions that perform cognitive control. These results suggest that ephedrine toxicity causes abnormal neural circuits that lead to the amplification and enhancement of drug-related cues and the weakening and damage of cognitive control function. Histology showed that the neurocytotoxicity of ephedrine can cause neuronal degeneration and apoptosis. Real-time PCR and Western blot showed increased expression of CREB mRNA and CREB/P-CREB/c-fos/fosB protein in the prefrontal cortex after ephedrine toxicity. Collectively, the present study indicates that the enhancement of drug-related cues and the weakening of cognitive control caused by abnormal neural circuits after drug exposure may be a major mechanism of brain function changes caused by ephedrine. These histological and molecular changes may be the pathophysiological basis of brain function changes caused by ephedrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouxing Duan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Ma
- Department of Linguistics & Languages, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Lei Xie
- Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhuang Huang
- Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiwei Guo
- Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongbo Sun
- Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Xie
- Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyao Lv
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhirong Lin
- Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhua Ma
- Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57 Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, People's Republic of China.
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Jones CM, Olsen EO, O'Donnell J, Mustaquim D. Resurgent Methamphetamine Use at Treatment Admission in the United States, 2008-2017. Am J Public Health 2020; 110:509-516. [PMID: 32078347 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2019.305527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. To evaluate trends and correlates of methamphetamine use in the United States.Methods. Data are from 15 747 334 drug-related treatment admissions among persons aged 12 years or older in the 2008-2017 Treatment Episode Data Set. We analyzed trends and used multivariable logistic regression.Results. Methamphetamine-related admissions increased from 15.1% of drug-related treatment admissions in 2008 to 23.6% in 2017. Increases occurred among nearly all demographic groups. Methamphetamine injection increased from 17.5% of admissions in 2008 to 28.4% in 2017. Among methamphetamine-related admissions, heroin use increased from 5.3% of admissions in 2008 to 23.6% in 2017. Characteristics associated with increased odds of reporting methamphetamine use at admission included female sex; admissions aged 35 to 44 years; admissions in the Midwest, South, and West; unemployment; not in labor force; living dependent; living homeless; and having a referral from criminal justice, a health care provider, or other community treatment source.Conclusions. Treatment admissions involving methamphetamine use increased significantly over the past decade and appear to be linked to the ongoing opioid crisis in the United States. Efforts to mobilize public health prevention, treatment, and response strategies to address rising methamphetamine use and overdose are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Jones
- At the time of conducting this study, Christopher M. Jones was with the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Emily O. Olsen, Julie O'Donnell, and Desiree Mustaquim were with the Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Emily O Olsen
- At the time of conducting this study, Christopher M. Jones was with the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Emily O. Olsen, Julie O'Donnell, and Desiree Mustaquim were with the Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Julie O'Donnell
- At the time of conducting this study, Christopher M. Jones was with the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Emily O. Olsen, Julie O'Donnell, and Desiree Mustaquim were with the Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Desiree Mustaquim
- At the time of conducting this study, Christopher M. Jones was with the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Emily O. Olsen, Julie O'Donnell, and Desiree Mustaquim were with the Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Tan XH, Zhang KK, Xu JT, Qu D, Chen LJ, Li JH, Wang Q, Wang HJ, Xie XL. Luteolin alleviates methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity by suppressing PI3K/Akt pathway-modulated apoptosis and autophagy in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 137:111179. [PMID: 32035215 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive stimulant that results in serious and persistent neurotoxic effects. Studies have indicated that luteolin, a flavonoid, may confer neuroprotection against neurotoxicity. Nevertheless, the effects of luteolin on METH-induced neurotoxicity have not been sufficiently verified. In the present study, Sprague Dawley rats were pretreated with luteolin (100 mg/kg) or sodium dodecyl sulfate water, followed by administration of METH (15 mg/kg) or saline. Rat striata were then collected for RNA-sequencing and subsequent analyses. A total of 347 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the METH group with 20 pathways, including the phosphoinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), found to be enriched by the KEGG analysis. Seventy-five of the 347 DEGs were modulated in luteolin-pretreated rats, which were enriched into 12 pathways, containing the PI3K/Akt. Results further showed that luteolin pretreatment significantly repressed the METH-induced increases of PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, p53, Bax, caspase 3, normalized the ratio of p-Akt/Akt, and autophagy-related proteins (Beclin1, Atg5 and LC3-II) expression. Taken together, these findings indicate that luteolin attenuates METH-induced apoptosis and autophagy by suppressing the PI3K/Akt pathway. In this case, it exerts protection against METH-induced neurotoxicity. This provides a platform for development of potential therapies for METH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Tan
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai-Kai Zhang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Tao Xu
- Department of Forensic Clinical Medicine, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Qu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Jian Chen
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Hao Li
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hui-Jun Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Li Xie
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1838 North Guangzhou Road, 510515, Guangzhou, China.
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Jones CM, Underwood N, Compton W. Increases in methamphetamine use among heroin treatment admissions in the United States, 2008-17. Addiction 2020; 115:347-353. [PMID: 31503384 PMCID: PMC6982538 DOI: 10.1111/add.14812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Due to their small sample sizes, geographic specificity and limited examination of socio-demographic characteristics, recent studies of methamphetamine use among people using heroin in the United States are limited in their ability to identify national and regional trends and to characterize populations at risk for using heroin and methamphetamine. This study aimed to examine trends and correlates of methamphetamine use among heroin treatment admissions in the United States. DESIGN Longitudinal analysis of data from the 2008 to 2017 Treatment Episode Data Set. Descriptive statistics, trend analyses and multivariable logistic regression were used to examine characteristics associated with methamphetamine use among heroin treatment admissions. SETTING United States. PARTICIPANTS Treatment admissions of people aged ≥ 12 years whose primary substance of use is heroin. MEASUREMENTS Primary measurement was heroin treatment admissions involving methamphetamine. Secondary measurements were demographics of sex, age, race/ethnicity, US census region, living arrangement and employment status. FINDINGS The percentage of primary heroin treatment admissions reporting methamphetamine use increased each year from 2.1% in 2008 to 12.4% in 2017, a relative percentage increase of 490% and an annual percentage change (APC) of 23.4% (P < 0.001). During the study period, increases were seen among males and females and among all demographic and geographic groups examined. Among primary heroin treatment admissions reporting methamphetamine use in 2017, 47.1% reported injecting, 46.0% reported smoking, 5.1% reporting snorting and 1.8% reported oral/other as their usual route of methamphetamine use. CONCLUSIONS Methamphetamine use among heroin treatment admissions in the United States increased from one in 50 primary heroin treatment admissions in 2008 to one in 8 admissions in 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Jones
- National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Natasha Underwood
- National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wilson Compton
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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97
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Korean meditation music suppressed relapse to methamphetamine in rats. Neurosci Lett 2020; 715:134620. [PMID: 31711977 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Methamphetamine is a drug abused worldwide. Even though its abuse is a serious problem in many countries, there are few safe and effective therapies to treat addiction. In a previous study, music therapy attenuated relapse to morphine. Based on the study, we investigated whether music therapy suppresses the reinstatement of methamphetamine self-administration behavior. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to intravenously self-administer methamphetamine (0.1 mg/kg) using a fixed ratio 1 schedule in a daily 2 h session. Following 3 weeks of training, rats who had established a stable daily intake were subjected to extinction for 1 week. On the next day, priming injection was performed to induce reinstatement. Music therapy was played twice daily during the extinction period and immediately before the test session. In the second experiment, the selective GABAA and GABAB receptor antagonists were treated prior to the last music therapy to investigate a possible neuronal mechanism. Immunofluorescence was performed to immunohistochemically examine the behavioral effects. RESULTS The meditation music by Young-Dong Kim but not the control music by Jeff Beck reduced active lever responding during the reinstatement session. And the effects of music therapy were blocked by GABA receptors antagonists. Also, immunofluorescence showed the pattern of c-Fos expression in the nucleus accumbens paralleled the behavioral results. CONCLUSION Results of the present study suggest that meditation music by Young-Dong Kim can be a useful therapy to prevent the reinstatement of methamphetamine addiction during abstinence.
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Orthopaedic Injury Profiles in Methamphetamine Users: A Retrospective Observational Study. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2020; 28:e28-e33. [PMID: 30985479 DOI: 10.5435/jaaos-d-18-00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We sought to characterize the prevalence of methamphetamine (MA) abuse and associated orthopaedic injury patterns at our level 1 trauma center. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of all orthopaedic consults for the year 2016. Patients were classified as MA users based on urine toxicology results and social history. RESULTS The prevalence of MA use was 10.0%. MA users were more likely to present with hand lacerations and other infections (P < 0.05 for all). Regarding the mechanism of injury, MA users were more likely to be involved in automobile versus pedestrian, automobile versus bicycle, ballistic, knife, closed fist, other assault/altercation, and animal bite injuries (P < 0.05 for all). DISCUSSION MA use is prevalent at our level 1 trauma center. The prevalence and injury patterns of MA abuse warrant deeper study into the effects of this drug on orthopaedic outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III.
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Lu Y, Shi Q, Yu J. Drug-related talaromycosis: A case report. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2020; 34:2058738420934611. [PMID: 32674642 PMCID: PMC7370326 DOI: 10.1177/2058738420934611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Talaromycosis is a rare deep fungal infection caused by Talaromyces marneffei. Currently, methamphetamine has become the second-largest drug abuse category in the world after cannabis and has become a serious public health problem. Methamphetamine can inhibit human immune system and increase the probability of pathogenic microorganism infection. On 8 October 2016, a 20-year-old man with a fever history of 2 months was admitted to our hospital. He had bloody stools and abdominal pain during hospitalization. There was no significant abnormality in physical examination. Because of the misdiagnosis, he underwent improper treatment. Periodic acid-Schiff stain (PAS) staining showed that the mucosa of distal ileum, ascending colon, transverse colon, and sigmoid colon were infiltrated by a large number of tissue cells, which contained a large number of blue purple particles. In addition, a large number of histiocytes and multinucleated giant cells can be seen in the lamina propria of ileum mucosa, and fungal spores can be seen in histiocytes. Finally, he was diagnosed as talaromycosis and took itraconazole 0.2 g twice a day. After 5 days, the temperature dropped to normal and the inflammation disappeared, and he continued to take itraconazole for 6 months. Due to the neglect of the history of drug abuse and the concealment, drug-related talaromycosis is often misdiagnosed. Pathological examination is warranted for diagnosis talaromycosis. This condition requires a long-term anti-fungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jing Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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100
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Alterations to the Gastrointestinal Microbiome Associated with Methamphetamine Use among Young Men who have Sex with Men. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14840. [PMID: 31619731 PMCID: PMC6795845 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) use is a major public health problem in the United States, especially among people living with HIV (PLWH). Many MA-induced neurotoxic effects are mediated by inflammation and gut microbiota may play a role in this process, yet the effects of MA on the microbiome have not been adequately explored. Therefore, we performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing on rectal swab samples from 381 men who have sex with men, 48% of whom were PLWH and 41% of whom used MA. We compared microbiome composition between MA users and non-users while testing for potential interactions with HIV and controlling for numerous confounders using inverse probability of treatment weighting. We found that MA use explained significant variation in overall composition (R2 = 0.005, p = 0.008) and was associated with elevated Finegoldia, Parvimonas, Peptoniphilus, and Porphyromonas and reduced Butyricicoccus and Faecalibacterium, among others. Genera including Actinomyces and Streptobacillus interacted with HIV status, such that they were increased in HIV+ MA users. Finegoldia and Peptoniphilus increased with increasing frequency of MA use, among others. In summary, MA use was associated with a microbial imbalance favoring pro-inflammatory bacteria, including some with neuroactive potential and others that have previously been associated with poor HIV outcomes.
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