51
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Xu Y, Zhang Y, García-Cañaveras JC, Guo L, Kan M, Yu S, Blair IA, Rabinowitz JD, Yang X. Chaperone-mediated autophagy regulates the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells. Science 2020; 369:397-403. [PMID: 32703873 PMCID: PMC7939502 DOI: 10.1126/science.abb4467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells can propagate indefinitely in a pluripotent state, able to differentiate into all types of specialized cells when restored to the embryo. What sustains their pluripotency during propagation remains unclear. Here, we show that core pluripotency factors OCT4 and SOX2 suppress chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), a selective form of autophagy, until the initiation of differentiation. Low CMA activity promotes embryonic stem cell self-renewal, whereas its up-regulation enhances differentiation. CMA degrades isocitrate dehydrogenases IDH1 and IDH2 and reduces levels of intracellular α-ketoglutarate, an obligatory cofactor for various histone and DNA demethylases involved in pluripotency. These findings suggest that CMA mediates the effect of core pluripotency factors on metabolism, shaping the epigenetic landscape of stem cells and governing the balance between self-renewal and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- Department of Cancer Biology and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Juan C García-Cañaveras
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Lili Guo
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mengyuan Kan
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sixiang Yu
- Department of Cancer Biology and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ian A Blair
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joshua D Rabinowitz
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Xiaolu Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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52
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Haas S. Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Health and Disease—Insights from Single-Cell Multi-omic Approaches. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-020-00174-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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53
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Yamashita M, Dellorusso PV, Olson OC, Passegué E. Dysregulated haematopoietic stem cell behaviour in myeloid leukaemogenesis. Nat Rev Cancer 2020; 20:365-382. [PMID: 32415283 PMCID: PMC7658795 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-0260-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Haematopoiesis is governed by haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that produce all lineages of blood and immune cells. The maintenance of blood homeostasis requires a dynamic response of HSCs to stress, and dysregulation of these adaptive-response mechanisms underlies the development of myeloid leukaemia. Leukaemogenesis often occurs in a stepwise manner, with genetic and epigenetic changes accumulating in pre-leukaemic HSCs prior to the emergence of leukaemic stem cells (LSCs) and the development of acute myeloid leukaemia. Clinical data have revealed the existence of age-related clonal haematopoiesis, or the asymptomatic clonal expansion of mutated blood cells in the elderly, and this phenomenon is connected to susceptibility to leukaemic transformation. Here we describe how selection for specific mutations that increase HSC competitive fitness, in conjunction with additional endogenous and environmental changes, drives leukaemic transformation. We review the ways in which LSCs take advantage of normal HSC properties to promote survival and expansion, thus underlying disease recurrence and resistance to conventional therapies, and we detail our current understanding of leukaemic 'stemness' regulation. Overall, we link the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating HSC behaviour with the functional dysregulation of these mechanisms in myeloid leukaemia and discuss opportunities for targeting LSC-specific mechanisms for the prevention or cure of malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Yamashita
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Paul V Dellorusso
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oakley C Olson
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Passegué
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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54
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Yvan-Charvet L, Ng LG. Granulopoiesis and Neutrophil Homeostasis: A Metabolic, Daily Balancing Act. Trends Immunol 2020; 40:598-612. [PMID: 31256783 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Granulopoiesis is part of the hematopoietic hierarchic architecture, where hematopoietic stem cells give rise to highly proliferative multipotent and lineage-committed granulocytic progenitor cells that differentiate into unipotent neutrophil progenitors. Given their short lifespan, neutrophils are rapidly cleared from circulation through specialized efferocytic macrophages. Together with an intrinsic clock, these processes contribute to circadian fluctuations, preserving self-tolerance and protection against invading pathogens. However, metabolic perturbation of granulopoiesis and neutrophil homeostasis can result in low-grade chronic inflammation, as observed with aging. During acute pathogenic infections, hematopoiesis can also be switched into emergency mode, which has been recently associated with significant neutrophil functional heterogeneity. This review focuses on a new reassessment of regulatory mechanisms governing neutrophil production, life-cycle, and diversity in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Yvan-Charvet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1065, Université Côte d'Azur, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Atip-Avenir, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Oncoage, 06204 Nice, France.
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore; State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Immunology Programme, Life Science Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
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55
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Kreutmair S, Erlacher M, Andrieux G, Istvanffy R, Mueller-Rudorf A, Zwick M, Rückert T, Pantic M, Poggio T, Shoumariyeh K, Mueller TA, Kawaguchi H, Follo M, Klingeberg C, Wlodarski M, Baumann I, Pfeifer D, Kulinski M, Rudelius M, Lemeer S, Kuster B, Dierks C, Peschel C, Cabezas-Wallscheid N, Duque-Afonso J, Zeiser R, Cleary ML, Schindler D, Schmitt-Graeff A, Boerries M, Niemeyer CM, Oostendorp RA, Duyster J, Illert AL. Loss of the Fanconi anemia-associated protein NIPA causes bone marrow failure. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:2827-2844. [PMID: 32338640 PMCID: PMC7260023 DOI: 10.1172/jci126215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFSs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by defective hematopoiesis, impaired stem cell function, and cancer susceptibility. Diagnosis of IBMFS presents a major challenge due to the large variety of associated phenotypes, and novel, clinically relevant biomarkers are urgently needed. Our study identified nuclear interaction partner of ALK (NIPA) as an IBMFS gene, as it is significantly downregulated in a distinct subset of myelodysplastic syndrome-type (MDS-type) refractory cytopenia in children. Mechanistically, we showed that NIPA is major player in the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway, which binds FANCD2 and regulates its nuclear abundance, making it essential for a functional DNA repair/FA/BRCA pathway. In a knockout mouse model, Nipa deficiency led to major cell-intrinsic defects, including a premature aging phenotype, with accumulation of DNA damage in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Induction of replication stress triggered a reduction in and functional decline of murine HSCs, resulting in complete bone marrow failure and death of the knockout mice with 100% penetrance. Taken together, the results of our study add NIPA to the short list of FA-associated proteins, thereby highlighting its potential as a diagnostic marker and/or possible target in diseases characterized by hematopoietic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Kreutmair
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Miriam Erlacher
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, and
| | - Geoffroy Andrieux
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, University Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rouzanna Istvanffy
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alina Mueller-Rudorf
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melissa Zwick
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tamina Rückert
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Milena Pantic
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Teresa Poggio
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Khalid Shoumariyeh
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tony A. Mueller
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hiroyuki Kawaguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Marie Follo
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cathrin Klingeberg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcin Wlodarski
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, and
| | - Irith Baumann
- Institute of Pathology, Health Center Böblingen, Böblingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Pfeifer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michal Kulinski
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Martina Rudelius
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Lemeer
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Christine Dierks
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Peschel
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Jesus Duque-Afonso
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael L. Cleary
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Detlev Schindler
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Melanie Boerries
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, University Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte M. Niemeyer
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, and
| | - Robert A.J. Oostendorp
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Justus Duyster
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Lena Illert
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical Center — University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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56
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The Epigenetic Progenitor Origin of Cancer Reassessed: DNA Methylation Brings Balance to the Stem Force. EPIGENOMES 2020; 4:epigenomes4020008. [PMID: 34968242 PMCID: PMC8594692 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes4020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer initiation and progression toward malignant stages occur as the results of accumulating genetic alterations and epigenetic dysregulation. During the last decade, the development of next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies and the increasing pan-genomic knowledge have revolutionized how we consider the evolving epigenetic landscapes during homeostasis and tumor progression. DNA methylation represents the best studied mark and is considered as a common mechanism of epigenetic regulation in normal homeostasis and cancer. A remarkable amount of work has recently started clarifying the central role played by DNA methylation dynamics on the maintenance of cell identity and on cell fate decisions during the different steps of normal development and tumor evolution. Importantly, a growing number of studies show that DNA methylation is key in the maintenance of adult stemness and in orchestrating commitment in multiple ways. Perturbations of the normal DNA methylation patterns impair the homeostatic balance and can lead to tumor initiation. Therefore, DNA methylation represents an interesting therapeutic target to recover homeostasis in tumor stem cells.
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57
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Criqui M, Qamra A, Chu TW, Sharma M, Tsao J, Henry DA, Barsyte-Lovejoy D, Arrowsmith CH, Winegarden N, Lupien M, Harrington L. Telomere dysfunction cooperates with epigenetic alterations to impair murine embryonic stem cell fate commitment. eLife 2020; 9:47333. [PMID: 32297856 PMCID: PMC7192583 DOI: 10.7554/elife.47333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise relationship between epigenetic alterations and telomere dysfunction is still an extant question. Previously, we showed that eroded telomeres lead to differentiation instability in murine embryonic stem cells (mESCs) via DNA hypomethylation at pluripotency-factor promoters. Here, we uncovered that telomerase reverse transcriptase null (Tert-/-) mESCs exhibit genome-wide alterations in chromatin accessibility and gene expression during differentiation. These changes were accompanied by an increase of H3K27me3 globally, an altered chromatin landscape at the Pou5f1/Oct4 promoter, and a refractory response to differentiation cues. Inhibition of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), an H3K27 tri-methyltransferase, exacerbated the impairment in differentiation and pluripotency gene repression in Tert-/-mESCs but not wild-type mESCs, whereas inhibition of H3K27me3 demethylation led to a partial rescue of the Tert-/- phenotype. These data reveal a new interdependent relationship between H3K27me3 and telomere integrity in stem cell lineage commitment that may have implications in aging and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Criqui
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie (IRIC), Département de biologie moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Aditi Qamra
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tsz Wai Chu
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie (IRIC), Département de biologie moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Monika Sharma
- Princess Margaret Genomics Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julissa Tsao
- Princess Margaret Genomics Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Danielle A Henry
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie (IRIC), Département de biologie moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Dalia Barsyte-Lovejoy
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, Canada
| | - Cheryl H Arrowsmith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Department of Medical Biophysics, Toronto, Canada
| | - Neil Winegarden
- Princess Margaret Genomics Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mathieu Lupien
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lea Harrington
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie (IRIC), Département de biologie moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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58
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Li X, Zeng X, Xu Y, Wang B, Zhao Y, Lai X, Qian P, Huang H. Mechanisms and rejuvenation strategies for aged hematopoietic stem cells. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:31. [PMID: 32252797 PMCID: PMC7137344 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00864-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) aging, which is accompanied by reduced self-renewal ability, impaired homing, myeloid-biased differentiation, and other defects in hematopoietic reconstitution function, is a hot topic in stem cell research. Although the number of HSCs increases with age in both mice and humans, the increase cannot compensate for the defects of aged HSCs. Many studies have been performed from various perspectives to illustrate the potential mechanisms of HSC aging; however, the detailed molecular mechanisms remain unclear, blocking further exploration of aged HSC rejuvenation. To determine how aged HSC defects occur, we provide an overview of differences in the hallmarks, signaling pathways, and epigenetics of young and aged HSCs as well as of the bone marrow niche wherein HSCs reside. Notably, we summarize the very recent studies which dissect HSC aging at the single-cell level. Furthermore, we review the promising strategies for rejuvenating aged HSC functions. Considering that the incidence of many hematological malignancies is strongly associated with age, our HSC aging review delineates the association between functional changes and molecular mechanisms and may have significant clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangjun Zeng
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Xu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Binsheng Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Zhao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Lai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. .,Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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59
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Stem Cell Aging in Skeletal Muscle Regeneration and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051830. [PMID: 32155842 PMCID: PMC7084237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle comprises 30-40% of the weight of a healthy human body and is required for voluntary movements in humans. Mature skeletal muscle is formed by multinuclear cells, which are called myofibers. Formation of myofibers depends on the proliferation, differentiation, and fusion of muscle progenitor cells during development and after injury. Muscle progenitor cells are derived from muscle satellite (stem) cells (MuSCs), which reside on the surface of the myofiber but beneath the basement membrane. MuSCs play a central role in postnatal maintenance, growth, repair, and regeneration of skeletal muscle. In sedentary adult muscle, MuSCs are mitotically quiescent, but are promptly activated in response to muscle injury. Physiological and chronological aging induces MuSC aging, leading to an impaired regenerative capability. Importantly, in pathological situations, repetitive muscle injury induces early impairment of MuSCs due to stem cell aging and leads to early impairment of regeneration ability. In this review, we discuss (1) the role of MuSCs in muscle regeneration, (2) stem cell aging under physiological and pathological conditions, and (3) prospects related to clinical applications of controlling MuSCs.
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60
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Morishima T, Takizawa H. Genetic fingerprint defines hematopoietic stem cell pool size and function. Haematologica 2020; 105:526-528. [PMID: 32115410 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.241299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Morishima
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Stress, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University .,Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Engineering, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Hitoshi Takizawa
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Stress, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University .,Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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61
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Sui BD, Zheng CX, Li M, Jin Y, Hu CH. Epigenetic Regulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Homeostasis. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:97-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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62
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De D, Karmakar P, Bhattacharya D. Stem Cell Aging and Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1326:11-37. [PMID: 32910426 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are a promising source for regenerative medicine to cure a plethora of diseases that are currently treated based on either palliative or symptomatic relief or by preventing their onset and progression. Aging-associated degenerative changes in stem cells, stem cell niches, and signaling pathways bring a step by step decline in the regenerative and functional potential of tissues. Clinical studies and experiments on model organisms have pointed out checkpoints that aging will inevitably impose on stem cell aiming for transplantation and hence questions are raised about the age of the donor. In the following discourse, we review the fundamental molecular pathways that are implicated in stem cell aging and the current progress in tissue engineering and transplantation of each type of stem cells in regenerative medicine. We further focus on the consequences of stem cell aging on their clinical uses and the development of novel strategies to bypass those pitfalls and improve tissue replenishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debojyoti De
- Department of Life science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Parimal Karmakar
- Department of Life science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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63
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Chen S, Wang Q, Yu H, Capitano ML, Vemula S, Nabinger SC, Gao R, Yao C, Kobayashi M, Geng Z, Fahey A, Henley D, Liu SZ, Barajas S, Cai W, Wolf ER, Ramdas B, Cai Z, Gao H, Luo N, Sun Y, Wong TN, Link DC, Liu Y, Boswell HS, Mayo LD, Huang G, Kapur R, Yoder MC, Broxmeyer HE, Gao Z, Liu Y. Mutant p53 drives clonal hematopoiesis through modulating epigenetic pathway. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5649. [PMID: 31827082 PMCID: PMC6906427 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13542-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) increases with age and is associated with increased risks of hematological malignancies. While TP53 mutations have been identified in CHIP, the molecular mechanisms by which mutant p53 promotes hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) expansion are largely unknown. Here we discover that mutant p53 confers a competitive advantage to HSPCs following transplantation and promotes HSPC expansion after radiation-induced stress. Mechanistically, mutant p53 interacts with EZH2 and enhances its association with the chromatin, thereby increasing the levels of H3K27me3 in genes regulating HSPC self-renewal and differentiation. Furthermore, genetic and pharmacological inhibition of EZH2 decreases the repopulating potential of p53 mutant HSPCs. Thus, we uncover an epigenetic mechanism by which mutant p53 drives clonal hematopoiesis. Our work will likely establish epigenetic regulator EZH2 as a novel therapeutic target for preventing CHIP progression and treating hematological malignancies with TP53 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Maegan L Capitano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Sasidhar Vemula
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Sarah C Nabinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Chonghua Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Michihiro Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Zhuangzhuang Geng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Aidan Fahey
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Danielle Henley
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Stephen Z Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Sergio Barajas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Wenjie Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Eric R Wolf
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Baskar Ramdas
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Zhigang Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Hongyu Gao
- Department of Medical Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Na Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Terrence N Wong
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Daniel C Link
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - H Scott Boswell
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Lindsey D Mayo
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Gang Huang
- Division of Pathology and Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Zhonghua Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Cancer Institute, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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64
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Pucci M, Micioni Di Bonaventura MV, Wille-Bille A, Fernández MS, Maccarrone M, Pautassi RM, Cifani C, D’Addario C. Environmental stressors and alcoholism development: Focus on molecular targets and their epigenetic regulation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 106:165-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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65
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Molecular mechanisms of fumonisin B1-induced toxicities and its applications in the mechanism-based interventions. Toxicon 2019; 167:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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66
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Ermolaeva M, Neri F, Ori A, Rudolph KL. Cellular and epigenetic drivers of stem cell ageing. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2019; 19:594-610. [PMID: 29858605 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-018-0020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adult tissue stem cells have a pivotal role in tissue maintenance and regeneration throughout the lifespan of multicellular organisms. Loss of tissue homeostasis during post-reproductive lifespan is caused, at least in part, by a decline in stem cell function and is associated with an increased incidence of diseases. Hallmarks of ageing include the accumulation of molecular damage, failure of quality control systems, metabolic changes and alterations in epigenome stability. In this Review, we discuss recent evidence in support of a novel concept whereby cell-intrinsic damage that accumulates during ageing and cell-extrinsic changes in ageing stem cell niches and the blood result in modifications of the stem cell epigenome. These cumulative epigenetic alterations in stem cells might be the cause of the deregulation of developmental pathways seen during ageing. In turn, they could confer a selective advantage to mutant and epigenetically drifted stem cells with altered self-renewal and functions, which contribute to the development of ageing-associated organ dysfunction and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ermolaeva
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany.
| | - Francesco Neri
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany.
| | - Alessandro Ori
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany.
| | - K Lenhard Rudolph
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany. .,Medical Faculty Jena, University Hospital Jena (UKJ), Jena, Germany.
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67
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Cruciani S, Santaniello S, Montella A, Ventura C, Maioli M. Orchestrating stem cell fate: Novel tools for regenerative medicine. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:464-475. [PMID: 31523367 PMCID: PMC6716083 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i8.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are undifferentiated cells able to acquire different phenotypes under specific stimuli. In vitro manipulation of these cells is focused on understanding stem cell behavior, proliferation and pluripotency. Latest advances in the field of stem cells concern epigenetics and its role in maintaining self-renewal and differentiation capabilities. Chemical and physical stimuli can modulate cell commitment, acting on gene expression of Oct-4, Sox-2 and Nanog, the main stemness markers, and tissue-lineage specific genes. This activation or repression is related to the activity of chromatin-remodeling factors and epigenetic regulators, new targets of many cell therapies. The aim of this review is to afford a view of the current state of in vitro and in vivo stem cell applications, highlighting the strategies used to influence stem cell commitment for current and future cell therapies. Identifying the molecular mechanisms controlling stem cell fate could open up novel strategies for tissue repairing processes and other clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cruciani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems – Eldor Lab, Innovation Accelerator, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna 40129, Italy
| | - Sara Santaniello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems – Eldor Lab, Innovation Accelerator, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna 40129, Italy
| | - Andrea Montella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
- Operative Unit of Clinical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Sassari 07100, Italy
| | - Carlo Ventura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems – Eldor Lab, Innovation Accelerator, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna 40129, Italy
| | - Margherita Maioli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems – Eldor Lab, Innovation Accelerator, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna 40129, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Cagliari 09042, Italy
- Center for Developmental Biology and Reprogramming-CEDEBIOR, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
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68
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Transit amplifying cells coordinate mouse incisor mesenchymal stem cell activation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3596. [PMID: 31399601 PMCID: PMC6689115 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11611-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) receive inductive cues from the surrounding microenvironment and cells. Limited molecular evidence has connected tissue-specific mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with mesenchymal transit amplifying cells (MTACs). Using mouse incisor as the model, we discover a population of MSCs neibouring to the MTACs and epithelial SCs. With Notch signaling as the key regulator, we disclose molecular proof and lineage tracing evidence showing the distinct MSCs contribute to incisor MTACs and the other mesenchymal cell lineages. MTACs can feedback and regulate the homeostasis and activation of CL-MSCs through Delta-like 1 homolog (Dlk1), which balances MSCs-MTACs number and the lineage differentiation. Dlk1's function on SCs priming and self-renewal depends on its biological forms and its gene expression is under dynamic epigenetic control. Our findings can be validated in clinical samples and applied to accelerate tooth wound healing, providing an intriguing insight of how to direct SCs towards tissue regeneration.
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69
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Wang MJ, Chen J, Chen F, Liu Q, Sun Y, Yan C, Yang T, Bao Y, Hu YP. Rejuvenating Strategies of Tissue-specific Stem Cells for Healthy Aging. Aging Dis 2019; 10:871-882. [PMID: 31440391 PMCID: PMC6675530 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.1119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although aging is a physiological process, it has raised interest in the science of aging and rejuvenation because of the increasing burden on the rapidly aging global population. With advanced age, there is a decline in homeostatic maintenance and regenerative responsiveness to the injury of various tissues, thereby contributing to the incidence of age-related diseases. The primary cause of the functional declines that occur along with aging is considered to be the exhaustion of stem cell functions in their corresponding tissues. Age-related changes in the systemic environment, the niche, and stem cells contribute to this loss. Thus, the reversal of stem cell aging at the cellular level might lead to the rejuvenation of the animal at an organismic level and the prevention of aging, which would be critical for developing new therapies for age-related dysfunction and diseases. Here, we will explore the effects of aging on stem cells in different tissues. The focus of this discussion is on pro-youth interventions that target intrinsic stem cell properties, environmental niche component, systemic factors, and senescent cellular clearance, which are promising for developing strategies related to the reversal of aged stem cell function and optimizing tissue repair processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jun Wang
- 1Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- 1Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fei Chen
- 1Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qinggui Liu
- 1Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yu Sun
- 1Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chen Yan
- 1Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tao Yang
- 1Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yiwen Bao
- 1Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.,2Department of Diagnostic radiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yi-Ping Hu
- 1Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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70
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Aging of spermatogonial stem cells by Jnk-mediated glycolysis activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:16404-16409. [PMID: 31358627 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1904980116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Because spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are immortal by serial transplantation, SSC aging in intact testes is considered to be caused by a deteriorated microenvironment. Here, we report a cell-intrinsic mode of SSC aging by glycolysis activation. Using cultured SSCs, we found that aged SSCs proliferated more actively than young SSCs and showed enhanced glycolytic activity. Moreover, they remained euploid and exhibited stable androgenetic imprinting patterns with robust SSC activity despite having shortened telomeres. Aged SSCs showed increased Wnt7b expression, which was associated with decreased Polycomb complex 2 activity. Our results suggest that aberrant Wnt7b expression activated c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which down-regulated mitochondria numbers by suppressing Ppargc1a Down-regulation of Ppargc1a probably decreased reactive oxygen species and enhanced glycolysis. Analyses of the Klotho-deficient aging mouse model and 2-y-old aged rats confirmed JNK hyperactivation and increased glycolysis. Therefore, not only microenvironment but also intrinsic activation of JNK-mediated glycolysis contributes to SSC aging.
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71
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DNA damage in aging, the stem cell perspective. Hum Genet 2019; 139:309-331. [PMID: 31324975 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-019-02047-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage is one of the most consistent cellular process proposed to contribute to aging. The maintenance of genomic and epigenomic integrity is critical for proper function of cells and tissues throughout life, and this homeostasis is under constant strain from both extrinsic and intrinsic insults. Considering the relationship between lifespan and genotoxic burden, it is plausible that the longest-lived cellular populations would face an accumulation of DNA damage over time. Tissue-specific stem cells are multipotent populations residing in localized niches and are responsible for maintaining all lineages of their resident tissue/system throughout life. However, many of these stem cells are impacted by genotoxic stress. Several factors may dictate the specific stem cell population response to DNA damage, including the niche location, life history, and fate decisions after damage accrual. This leads to differential handling of DNA damage in different stem cell compartments. Given the importance of adult stem cells in preserving normal tissue function during an individual's lifetime, DNA damage sensitivity and accumulation in these compartments could have crucial implications for aging. Despite this, more support for direct functional effects driven by accumulated DNA damage in adult stem cell compartments is needed. This review will present current evidence for the accumulation and potential influence of DNA damage in adult tissue-specific stem cells and propose inquiry directions that could benefit individual healthspan.
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72
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Reece AS, Hulse GK. Impacts of cannabinoid epigenetics on human development: reflections on Murphy et. al. 'cannabinoid exposure and altered DNA methylation in rat and human sperm' epigenetics 2018; 13: 1208-1221. Epigenetics 2019; 14:1041-1056. [PMID: 31293213 PMCID: PMC6773386 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1633868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data from the Kollins lab (‘Cannabinoid exposure and altered DNA methylation in rat and human sperm’ Epigenetics 2018; 13: 1208–1221) indicated epigenetic effects of cannabis use on sperm in man parallel those in rats and showed substantial shifts in both hypo- and hyper-DNA methylation with the latter predominating. This provides one likely mechanism for the transgenerational transmission of epigenomic instability with sperm as the vector. It therefore contributes important pathophysiological insights into the probable mechanisms underlying the epidemiology of prenatal cannabis exposure potentially explaining diverse features of cannabis-related teratology including effects on the neuraxis, cardiovasculature, immune stimulation, secondary genomic instability and carcinogenesis related to both adult and pediatric cancers. The potentially inheritable and therefore multigenerational nature of these defects needs to be carefully considered in the light of recent teratological and neurobehavioural trends in diverse jurisdictions such as the USA nationally, Hawaii, Colorado, Canada, France and Australia, particularly relating to mental retardation, age-related morbidity and oncogenesis including inheritable cancerogenesis. Increasing demonstrations that the epigenome can respond directly and in real time and retain memories of environmental exposures of many kinds implies that the genome-epigenome is much more sensitive to environmental toxicants than has been generally realized. Issues of long-term multigenerational inheritance amplify these concerns. Further research particularly on the epigenomic toxicology of many cannabinoids is also required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Stuart Reece
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Western Australia , Crawley , Western Australia Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University , Joondalup , Western Australia , Australia
| | - Gary Kenneth Hulse
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Western Australia , Crawley , Western Australia Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University , Joondalup , Western Australia , Australia
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73
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Khanban H, Fattahi E, Talkhabi M. In vivo administration of G9a inhibitor A366 decreases osteogenic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. EXCLI JOURNAL 2019; 18:300-309. [PMID: 31338003 PMCID: PMC6635719 DOI: 10.17179/excli2019-1234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms such as histone methylation are considered as one of the most important mediators that control stem cell behaviors such as proliferation, senescence and differentiation. G9a, a histone methyltransferase, has recently generated intense attention as potential target for controlling many diseases such as cancers. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of in vivo administration of A366, a G9a inhibitor, on proliferative and differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). We inhibited G9a using intraperitoneally administration of A366, and we evaluated BM-MSC proliferation and differentiation behaviors in vitro. Colony formation assay of BM-MSCs at primary culture showed that in vivo administration of A366 reduced the colony forming capacity of BM-MSCs. Moreover, PDT of BM-MSC isolated from A366-treated rats was higher than control, especially in the early passages. BM-MSC isolated from A366-treated rats showed higher adipogenic potential compared to the control at the early passages as determined by gene expression and Oil Red staining. Whereas, osteogenic potential of BM-MSC isolated from A366-treated rats was lower than control, especially at early passages. Our results suggest that the epigenetic modifier such as A366, which seems to be a therapeutic approach for controlling diseases such as cancer, might also influence the proliferation and differentiation capacity of MSCs both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, epigenetic modifying chemicals seem to be a strategy to manipulate MSC expansion capacity and differentiation propensity, as well as to efficiently involvement of MSCs in tissue homeostasis, cell-based therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedyeh Khanban
- Department of Biology, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Esmail Fattahi
- Department of Biology, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Mahmood Talkhabi
- Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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74
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Zhang H, Cherian R, Jin K. Systemic milieu and age-related deterioration. GeroScience 2019; 41:275-284. [PMID: 31152364 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a fundamental biological process accompanied by a general decline in tissue function and an increased risk for age-related disease. The risk for cardiovascular, stroke, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases significantly increases with aging, especially in people aged 60 years and older in the USA. Although the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying aging and age-related disease are beginning to be unraveled, the role of the systemic milieu remains unknown. Recent studies have shown that systemic factors in young blood can revise age-related impairments and extend organismal lifespan, suggesting that the systemic milieu contains pro-aging and rejuvenating factors that play a critical role in the health and aging phenotype. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of systemic milieu changes during the aging process and its link to age-related deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA
| | - Ryan Cherian
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA
| | - Kunlin Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA.
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75
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Verovskaya EV, Dellorusso PV, Passegué E. Losing Sense of Self and Surroundings: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Aging and Leukemic Transformation. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:494-515. [PMID: 31109796 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging leads to functional decline of the hematopoietic system, manifested by an increased incidence of hematological disease in the elderly. Deterioration of hematopoietic integrity with age originates in part from the degraded functionality of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Here, we review recent findings identifying changes in metabolic programs and loss of epigenetic identity as major drivers of old HSC dysfunction and their role in promoting leukemia onset in the context of age-related clonal hematopoiesis (ARCH). We discuss how inflammatory and growth signals from the aged bone marrow (BM) microenvironment contribute to cell-intrinsic HSC aging phenotypes and favor leukemia development. Finally, we address how metabolic, epigenetic, and inflammatory pathways could be targeted to enhance old HSC fitness and prevent leukemic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia V Verovskaya
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Paul V Dellorusso
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Passegué
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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76
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Mohammad K, Dakik P, Medkour Y, Mitrofanova D, Titorenko VI. Quiescence Entry, Maintenance, and Exit in Adult Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092158. [PMID: 31052375 PMCID: PMC6539837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells of unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes can respond to certain environmental cues by arresting the cell cycle and entering a reversible state of quiescence. Quiescent cells do not divide, but can re-enter the cell cycle and resume proliferation if exposed to some signals from the environment. Quiescent cells in mammals and humans include adult stem cells. These cells exhibit improved stress resistance and enhanced survival ability. In response to certain extrinsic signals, adult stem cells can self-renew by dividing asymmetrically. Such asymmetric divisions not only allow the maintenance of a population of quiescent cells, but also yield daughter progenitor cells. A multistep process of the controlled proliferation of these progenitor cells leads to the formation of one or more types of fully differentiated cells. An age-related decline in the ability of adult stem cells to balance quiescence maintenance and regulated proliferation has been implicated in many aging-associated diseases. In this review, we describe many traits shared by different types of quiescent adult stem cells. We discuss how these traits contribute to the quiescence, self-renewal, and proliferation of adult stem cells. We examine the cell-intrinsic mechanisms that allow establishing and sustaining the characteristic traits of adult stem cells, thereby regulating quiescence entry, maintenance, and exit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karamat Mohammad
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street, West, SP Building, Room 501-13, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Paméla Dakik
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street, West, SP Building, Room 501-13, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Younes Medkour
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street, West, SP Building, Room 501-13, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Darya Mitrofanova
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street, West, SP Building, Room 501-13, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - Vladimir I Titorenko
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street, West, SP Building, Room 501-13, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
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77
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Leavitt D, Wells M, Abarzua P, Murphy GF, Lian CG. Differential distribution of the epigenetic marker 5-hydroxymethylcytosine occurs in hair follicle stem cells during bulge activation. J Cutan Pathol 2019; 46:327-334. [PMID: 30719726 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hair follicle (HF) cycling is dependent upon activation and differentiation of an epithelial subpopulation of cells with stem-like characteristics. These cells express cytokeratin 15 (CK15) and are sequestered within a specialized niche termed the follicular bulge. The pathways that mediate bulge activation are poorly understood, although growing evidence suggests a role for epigenetic events. METHODS Here we investigated murine and human HFs to determine whether a recently described epigenetic hydroxymethylation marker, 5-hmC, known to mediate cell growth and differentiation, may play a role in bulge activation. RESULTS We found the bulge region of murine HFs to show variable 5-hmC distribution within the nuclei of CK15-positive stem cells during early anagen, a pattern that was not associated with resting stem cells of telogen follicles, which did not express 5-hmC. Moreover, during phases of early anagen that were induced in an organ culture model, spatial alterations in bulge stem cell 5-hmC reactivity, as assessed by dual labeling, were noted. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary findings suggest that 5-hmC may play a dynamic role in bulge activation during anagen growth, and provide a foundation for further experimental inquiry into epigenomic regulation of HF stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Leavitt
- Department of Life Sciences, Program in Human Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Harvard College, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Pathology, Program in Dermatopathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Wells
- Department of Pathology, Program in Dermatopathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Phammela Abarzua
- Department of Pathology, Program in Dermatopathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - George F Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Program in Dermatopathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christine G Lian
- Department of Pathology, Program in Dermatopathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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78
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Abstract
All people want to age "successfully," maintaining functional capacity and quality of life as they reach advanced age. Achieving this goal depends on preserving optimal cognitive and brain functioning. Yet, significant individual differences exist in this regard. Some older adults continue to retain most cognitive abilities throughout their lifetime. Others experience declines in cognitive and functional capacity that range from mild decrements in certain cognitive functions over time to severe dementia among those with neurodegenerative diseases. Even among relatively healthy "successful agers," certain cognitive functions are reduced from earlier levels. This is particularly true for cognitive functions that are dependent on cognitive processing speed and efficiency. Working memory and executive and attentional functions tend to be most vulnerable. Learning and memory functions are also usually reduced, although in the absence of neurodegenerative disease learning and retrieval efficiency rather than memory storage are affected. Other functions, such as visual perception, language, semantics, and knowledge, are often well preserved. Structural, functional, and physiologic/metabolic brain changes correspond with age-associated cognitive decline. Physiologic and metabolic mechanisms, such as oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, may contribute to these changes, along with the contribution of comorbidities that secondarily affect the brain of older adults. Cognitive frailty often corresponds with physical frailty, both affected by multiple exogenous and endogenous factors. Neuropsychologic assessment provides a way of measuring the cognitive and functional status of older adults, which is useful for monitoring changes that may be occurring. Neuroimaging is also useful for characterizing age-associated structural, functional, physiologic, and metabolic brain changes, including alterations in cerebral blood flow and metabolite concentrations. Some interventions that may enhance cognitive function, such as cognitive training, neuromodulation, and pharmacologic approaches, exist or are being developed. Yet, preventing, slowing, and reversing the adverse effects of cognitive aging remains a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A Cohen
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
| | - Michael M Marsiske
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Glenn E Smith
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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79
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Domenech C, Maillard L, Rousseau A, Guidez F, Petit L, Pla M, Clay D, Guimiot F, Sanfilippo S, Jacques S, de la Grange P, Robil N, Soulier J, Souyri M. Studies in an Early Development Window Unveils a Severe HSC Defect in both Murine and Human Fanconi Anemia. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:1075-1091. [PMID: 30449320 PMCID: PMC6234961 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) causes bone marrow failure early during childhood, and recent studies indicate that a hematopoietic defect could begin in utero. We performed a unique kinetics study of hematopoiesis in Fancg-/- mouse embryos, between the early embryonic day 11.5 (E11.5) to E12.5 developmental window (when the highest level of hematopoietic stem cells [HSC] amplification takes place) and E14.5. This study reveals a deep HSC defect with exhaustion of proliferative and self-renewal capacities very early during development, together with severe FA clinical and biological manifestations, which are mitigated at E14.5 due to compensatory mechanisms that help to ensure survival of Fancg-/- embryos. It also reports that a deep HSC defect is also observed during human FA development, and that human FA fetal liver (FL) HSCs present a transcriptome profile similar to that of mouse E12.5 Fancg-/- FL HSCs. Altogether, our results highlight that early mouse FL could represent a good alternative model for studying Fanconi pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Domenech
- CNRS UMR7622/IBPS, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France; INSERM UMR_S1131, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France; IUH, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Loïc Maillard
- CNRS UMR7622/IBPS, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France; INSERM UMR_S1131, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France; IUH, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alix Rousseau
- IUH, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; INSERM U944/CNRS UMR7212, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Guidez
- INSERM UMR_S1131, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France; IUH, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Petit
- CNRS UMR7622/IBPS, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Marika Pla
- INSERM UMR_S1131, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France; IUH, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Denis Clay
- INSERM U972, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France; Plateforme de cytométrie, UMS33, Université Paris Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Fabien Guimiot
- Service de Foetopathologie, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Sanfilippo
- CNRS UMR7622/IBPS, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Jean Soulier
- IUH, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; INSERM U944/CNRS UMR7212, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Michèle Souyri
- CNRS UMR7622/IBPS, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France; INSERM UMR_S1131, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France; IUH, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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80
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Grigoryan A, Guidi N, Senger K, Liehr T, Soller K, Marka G, Vollmer A, Markaki Y, Leonhardt H, Buske C, Lipka DB, Plass C, Zheng Y, Mulaw MA, Geiger H, Florian MC. LaminA/C regulates epigenetic and chromatin architecture changes upon aging of hematopoietic stem cells. Genome Biol 2018; 19:189. [PMID: 30404662 PMCID: PMC6223039 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-018-1557-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The decline of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function upon aging contributes to aging-associated immune remodeling and leukemia pathogenesis. Aged HSCs show changes to their epigenome, such as alterations in DNA methylation and histone methylation and acetylation landscapes. We previously showed a correlation between high Cdc42 activity in aged HSCs and the loss of intranuclear epigenetic polarity, or epipolarity, as indicated by the specific distribution of H4K16ac. RESULTS Here, we show that not all histone modifications display a polar localization and that a reduction in H4K16ac amount and loss of epipolarity are specific to aged HSCs. Increasing the levels of H4K16ac is not sufficient to restore polarity in aged HSCs and the restoration of HSC function. The changes in H4K16ac upon aging and rejuvenation of HSCs are correlated with a change in chromosome 11 architecture and alterations in nuclear volume and shape. Surprisingly, by taking advantage of knockout mouse models, we demonstrate that increased Cdc42 activity levels correlate with the repression of the nuclear envelope protein LaminA/C, which controls chromosome 11 distribution, H4K16ac polarity, and nuclear volume and shape in aged HSCs. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data show that chromatin architecture changes in aged stem cells are reversible by decreasing the levels of Cdc42 activity, revealing an unanticipated way to pharmacologically target LaminA/C expression and revert alterations of the epigenetic architecture in aged HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ani Grigoryan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Aging, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11c, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Novella Guidi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Aging, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11c, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Katharina Senger
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Aging, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11c, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Liehr
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Kollegiengasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Karin Soller
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Aging, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11c, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gina Marka
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Aging, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11c, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Angelika Vollmer
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Aging, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11c, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Yolanda Markaki
- Department of Biology II and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Großhaderner Strasse 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Heinrich Leonhardt
- Department of Biology II and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Großhaderner Strasse 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christian Buske
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel B Lipka
- Regulation of Cellular Differentiation Group, INF280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Plass
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yi Zheng
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Medhanie A Mulaw
- Institute of Experimental Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center Ulm, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hartmut Geiger
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Aging, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11c, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Maria Carolina Florian
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Aging, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11c, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
- Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), Hospital Duran i Reynals, Gran Via de l'Hospitalet, 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain.
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81
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Diao D, Wang H, Li T, Shi Z, Jin X, Sperka T, Zhu X, Zhang M, Yang F, Cong Y, Shen L, Zhan Q, Yan J, Song Z, Ju Z. Telomeric epigenetic response mediated by Gadd45a regulates stem cell aging and lifespan. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201745494. [PMID: 30126922 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201745494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive attrition of telomeres triggers DNA damage response (DDR) and limits the regenerative capacity of adult stem cells during mammalian aging. Intriguingly, telomere integrity is not only determined by telomere length but also by the epigenetic status of telomeric/sub-telomeric regions. However, the functional interplay between DDR induced by telomere shortening and epigenetic modifications in aging remains unclear. Here, we show that deletion of Gadd45a improves the maintenance and function of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and prolongs lifespan of telomerase-deficient mice (G3Terc -/-). Mechanistically, Gadd45a facilitates the generation of a permissive chromatin state for DDR signaling by inducing base excision repair-dependent demethylation of CpG islands specifically at sub-telomeric regions of short telomeres. Deletion of Gadd45a promotes chromatin compaction in sub-telomeric regions and attenuates DDR initiation at short telomeres of G3Terc -/- ISCs. Treatment with a small molecule inhibitor of base excision repair reduces DDR and improves the maintenance and function of G3Terc -/- ISCs. Taken together, our study proposes a therapeutic approach to enhance stem cell function and prolong lifespan by targeting epigenetic modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daojun Diao
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tangliang Li
- Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhencan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Tobias Sperka
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Xudong Zhu
- Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meimei Zhang
- Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Cong
- Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Shen
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qimin Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangfa Song
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital affiliated to Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China .,Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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82
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Schmidt K, Zhang Q, Tasdogan A, Petzold A, Dahl A, Arneth BM, Slany R, Fehling HJ, Kranz A, Stewart AF, Anastassiadis K. The H3K4 methyltransferase Setd1b is essential for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell homeostasis in mice. eLife 2018; 7:27157. [PMID: 29916805 PMCID: PMC6025962 DOI: 10.7554/elife.27157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells require MLL1, which is one of six Set1/Trithorax-type histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferases in mammals and clinically the most important leukemia gene. Here, we add to emerging evidence that all six H3K4 methyltransferases play essential roles in the hematopoietic system by showing that conditional mutagenesis of Setd1b in adult mice provoked aberrant homeostasis of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Using both ubiquitous and hematopoietic-specific deletion strategies, the loss of Setd1b resulted in peripheral thrombo- and lymphocytopenia, multilineage dysplasia, myeloid-biased extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen, and lethality. By transplantation experiments and expression profiling, we determined that Setd1b is autonomously required in the hematopoietic lineages where it regulates key lineage specification components, including Cebpa, Gata1, and Klf1. Altogether, these data imply that the Set1/Trithorax-type epigenetic machinery sustains different aspects of hematopoiesis and constitutes a second framework additional to the transcription factor hierarchy of hematopoietic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Schmidt
- Stem Cell Engineering, Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Qinyu Zhang
- Genomics, Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alpaslan Tasdogan
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Petzold
- Deep Sequencing Group, DFG - Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Dahl
- Deep Sequencing Group, DFG - Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Borros M Arneth
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Hospital of the Universities Giessen and Marburg, Giessen, Germany
| | - Robert Slany
- Department of Genetics, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Andrea Kranz
- Genomics, Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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83
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Lupo G, Nisi PS, Esteve P, Paul YL, Novo CL, Sidders B, Khan MA, Biagioni S, Liu HK, Bovolenta P, Cacci E, Rugg-Gunn PJ. Molecular profiling of aged neural progenitors identifies Dbx2 as a candidate regulator of age-associated neurogenic decline. Aging Cell 2018; 17:e12745. [PMID: 29504228 PMCID: PMC5946077 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis declines with aging due to the depletion and functional impairment of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs). An improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms that drive age‐associated neurogenic deficiency could lead to the development of strategies to alleviate cognitive impairment and facilitate neuroregeneration. An essential step towards this aim is to investigate the molecular changes that occur in NSPC aging on a genomewide scale. In this study, we compare the transcriptional, histone methylation and DNA methylation signatures of NSPCs derived from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of young adult (3 months old) and aged (18 months old) mice. Surprisingly, the transcriptional and epigenomic profiles of SVZ‐derived NSPCs are largely unchanged in aged cells. Despite the global similarities, we detect robust age‐dependent changes at several hundred genes and regulatory elements, thereby identifying putative regulators of neurogenic decline. Within this list, the homeobox gene Dbx2 is upregulated in vitro and in vivo, and its promoter region has altered histone and DNA methylation levels, in aged NSPCs. Using functional in vitro assays, we show that elevated Dbx2 expression in young adult NSPCs promotes age‐related phenotypes, including the reduced proliferation of NSPC cultures and the altered transcript levels of age‐associated regulators of NSPC proliferation and differentiation. Depleting Dbx2 in aged NSPCs caused the reverse gene expression changes. Taken together, these results provide new insights into the molecular programmes that are affected during mouse NSPC aging, and uncover a new functional role for Dbx2 in promoting age‐related neurogenic decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lupo
- Department of Chemistry; Sapienza University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Paola S. Nisi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”; Sapienza University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Pilar Esteve
- Centro de Biologia Molecular “Severo Ochoa”; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid; Madrid Spain
- CIBER of Rare Diseases; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Yu-Lee Paul
- Epigenetics Programme; The Babraham Institute; Cambridge UK
| | | | - Ben Sidders
- Bioscience; Oncology; IMED Biotech Unit; AstraZeneca; Cambridge UK
| | - Muhammad A. Khan
- Division of Molecular Neurogenetics; German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ); DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Stefano Biagioni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”; Sapienza University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Hai-Kun Liu
- Division of Molecular Neurogenetics; German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ); DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Paola Bovolenta
- Centro de Biologia Molecular “Severo Ochoa”; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid; Madrid Spain
- CIBER of Rare Diseases; ISCIII; Madrid Spain
| | - Emanuele Cacci
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”; Sapienza University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - Peter J. Rugg-Gunn
- Epigenetics Programme; The Babraham Institute; Cambridge UK
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
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84
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Rosko AE, Olin RL, Artz A, Wildes TM, Stauder R, Klepin HD. A call to action in hematologic disorders: A report from the ASH scientific workshop on hematology and aging. J Geriatr Oncol 2018; 9:287-290. [PMID: 29759912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca L Olin
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Andrew Artz
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Tanya M Wildes
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | | | - Heidi D Klepin
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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85
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Zhang C, Zhang E, Yang L, Tu W, Lin J, Yuan C, Bunpetch V, Chen X, Ouyang H. Histone deacetylase inhibitor treated cell sheet from mouse tendon stem/progenitor cells promotes tendon repair. Biomaterials 2018; 172:66-82. [PMID: 29723756 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) have been identified as a rare population in tendons. In vitro propagation is indispensable to obtain sufficient quantities of TSPCs for therapies. However, culture-expanded TSPCs are prone to lose their phenotype, resulting in an inferior repaired capability. And little is known about the underlying mechanism. Here, we found that altered gene expression was associated with increased histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and expression of HDAC subtypes. Therefore, we exposed ScxGFP mice-derived TSPCs to HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) trichostatin A (TSA) or valproic acid (VPA), and observed significant expansion of ScxGFP+ cells without altering phenotypic properties. TSA upregulated Scx expression by inhibiting HDAC1 and -3, and increasing the H3K27Ac level of Tgfb1 and -2 genome region. Additionally, cell sheets formed from TSA-pretreated mTSPCs retained the ability to accelerate tendon repair in vivo. Thus, our results uncovered an unrecognized role of HDACi in phenotypic and functional mTSPCs expansion to enhance their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Erchen Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Long Yang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenjing Tu
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Junxin Lin
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chunhui Yuan
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Varisara Bunpetch
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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86
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Diminished apoptotic priming and ATM signalling confer a survival advantage onto aged haematopoietic stem cells in response to DNA damage. Nat Cell Biol 2018. [PMID: 29531308 PMCID: PMC6067675 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ageing of haematopoietic stem cells (HSC) contributes to deficits in the aged haematopoietic system. HSC decline is driven in part by DNA damage accumulation, yet how aging impacts the acute DNA damage response (DDR) of HSCs is poorly understood. We show that old HSCs exhibit diminished ATM activity and attenuated DDR leading to elevated clonal survival in response to a range of genotoxins that was underwritten by diminished apoptotic priming. Distinct HSC subsets exhibited ageing-dependent and subtype-dependent differences in apoptotic priming and survival in response to DNA damage. The defective DDR of old HSCs was non-cell autonomous as ATM signalling, and clonal survival in response to DNA damage could be restored to levels observed in young HSCs post-transplantation into young recipients. These data suggest that defective DDR and diminished apoptotic priming provide a selective advantage to old HSCs that may contribute to mutation accrual and disease predisposition.
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87
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Naik S. The healing power of painful memories. Science 2018; 359:1113. [PMID: 29590037 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat0963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Naik
- Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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88
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Vogt G. Investigating the genetic and epigenetic basis of big biological questions with the parthenogenetic marbled crayfish: A review and perspectives. J Biosci 2018; 43:189-223. [PMID: 29485126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the last 15 years, considerable attempts have been undertaken to develop the obligately parthenogenetic marbled crayfish Procambarus virginalis as a new model in biology. Its main advantage is the production of large numbers of offspring that are genetically identical to the mother, making this crustacean particularly suitable for research in epigenetics. Now, a draft genome, transcriptome and genome-wide methylome are available opening new windows for research. In this article, I summarize the biological advantages and genomic and epigenetic features of marbled crayfish and, based on first promising data, discuss what this new model could contribute to answering of ''big'' biological questions. Genome mining is expected to reveal new insights into the genetic specificities of decapod crustaceans, the genetic basis of arthropod reproduction, moulting and immunity, and more general topics such as the genetic underpinning of adaptation to fresh water, omnivory, biomineralization, sexual system change, behavioural variation, clonal genome evolution, and resistance to cancer. Epigenetic investigations with the marbled crayfish can help clarifying the role of epigenetic mechanisms in gene regulation, tissue specification, adult stem cell regulation, cell ageing, organ regeneration and disease susceptibility. Marbled crayfish is further suitable to elucidate the relationship between genetic and epigenetic variation, the transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic signatures and the contribution of epigenetic phenotype variation to the establishment of social hierarchies, environmental adaptation and speciation. These issues can be tackled by experiments with highly standardized laboratory lineages, comparison of differently adapted wild populations and the generation of genetically and epigenetically edited strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunter Vogt
- Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 234, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany,
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89
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Howard BH, Hirai TH, Russanova VR. Epigenome comparisons reveal linkage between gene expression and postnatal remodeling of chromatin domain topology. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191033. [PMID: 29466355 PMCID: PMC5821309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence has accumulated linking epigenome change to alterations in stem cell function during postnatal development and aging. Yet much remains to be learned about causal relationships, and large gaps remain in our understanding of epigenome-transcriptome interactions. Here we investigate structural features of large histone H3K27me3-enriched regions in human stem cell-like monocytes and their dendritic cell derivatives, where the H3K27me3 modification is considered to demarcate Polycomb (PcG) domains. Both differentiation- and postnatal development-related change are explored, initially by confirming expected reciprocal relationships between transcript abundance and span of PcG domains overlapping transcribed regions. PcG-associated postnatal transcriptome change specific to the stem cell-like monocytes is found to be incompletely explained by conventional measures of PcG region structure. To address this, we introduce algorithms that quantify local nucleosome-scale conservation of PcG-region topology. It is shown that topology-based comparisons can reveal broad statistical linkage between postnatal gene down-regulation and epigenome remodeling; further, such comparisons provide access to a previously unexplored dimension of epigenome architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce H. Howard
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Tazuko H. Hirai
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Valya R. Russanova
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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90
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Gontier G, Iyer M, Shea JM, Bieri G, Wheatley EG, Ramalho-Santos M, Villeda SA. Tet2 Rescues Age-Related Regenerative Decline and Enhances Cognitive Function in the Adult Mouse Brain. Cell Rep 2018; 22:1974-1981. [PMID: 29466726 PMCID: PMC5870899 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Restoring adult stem cell function provides an exciting approach for rejuvenating the aging brain. However, molecular mechanisms mediating neurogenic rejuvenation remain elusive. Here we report that the enzyme ten eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (Tet2), which catalyzes the production of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), rescues age-related decline in adult neurogenesis and enhances cognition in mice. We detected a decrease in Tet2 expression and 5hmC levels in the aged hippocampus associated with adult neurogenesis. Mimicking an aged condition in young adults by abrogating Tet2 expression within the hippocampal neurogenic niche, or adult neural stem cells, decreased neurogenesis and impaired learning and memory. In a heterochronic parabiosis rejuvenation model, hippocampal Tet2 expression was restored. Overexpressing Tet2 in the hippocampal neurogenic niche of mature adults increased 5hmC associated with neurogenic processes, offset the precipitous age-related decline in neurogenesis, and enhanced learning and memory. Our data identify Tet2 as a key molecular mediator of neurogenic rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Gontier
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Manasi Iyer
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jeremy M Shea
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gregor Bieri
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Wheatley
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Miguel Ramalho-Santos
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Saul A Villeda
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; The Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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91
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Vogt G. Investigating the genetic and epigenetic basis of big biological questions with the parthenogenetic marbled crayfish: A review and perspectives. J Biosci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-018-9741-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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92
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Wu S, Han N, Zheng Y, Hu C, Lei Y. The role of Snf5 in the osteogenic differentiation potential during replicative senescence of rat mesenchymal stromal cells. Mech Ageing Dev 2018; 171:1-6. [PMID: 29398003 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The osteogenic capacities of bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs) diminish during replicative senescence, and these changes affect the success of therapeutic application of BMSCs. In this study, we sought to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the osteogenic differentiation capacities that occur during replicative senescence. It is well known that Oct4 is a key transcription factor essential for maintaining differentiation capacities of the stem cells. In this study, we found that BMSCs at passage 6 (replicative senescent BMSCs) showed marked decreases in the osteogenic differentiation potential and the level of Oct4. These were accompanied by reduced levels of Snf5 and histone H3 lysine-4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) in the Oct4 promoter. In BMSCs at passage 2, knockdown of Snf5 diminished expression of Oct4 and disrupted the up-regulation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) after osteogenic differentiation induction, which was accompanied by a reduction in Snf5 and H3K4me3 binding to the Oct4 promoter. These findings indicate that the decreased level of Snf5 binding to the promoter region of the Oct4 gene down-regulated the expression of Oct4, which may be the mechanism underlying the decline in osteogenic capacities in replicative senescent BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangrong Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Nana Han
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Yong Zheng
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
| | - Chengjun Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Yueshan Lei
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
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93
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Laurenti E, Göttgens B. From haematopoietic stem cells to complex differentiation landscapes. Nature 2018; 553:418-426. [PMID: 29364285 PMCID: PMC6555401 DOI: 10.1038/nature25022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 468] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of mature blood cells from haematopoietic stem cells has long served as a model for stem-cell research, with the haematopoietic differentiation tree being widely used as a model for the maintenance of hierarchically organized tissues. Recent results and new technologies have challenged the demarcations between stem and progenitor cell populations, the timing of cell-fate choices and the contribution of stem and multipotent progenitor cells to the maintenance of steady-state blood production. These evolving views of haematopoiesis have broad implications for our understanding of the functions of adult stem cells, as well as the development of new therapies for malignant and non-malignant haematopoietic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Laurenti
- Department of Haematology and Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology and Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
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94
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Rossmann MP, Orkin SH, Chute JP. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Biology. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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95
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Abstract
Stem cells self-renew and differentiate to generate all tissues and cells in the body. Stem cell health promotes adaptive responses to tissue damage or loss and is essential for tissue regeneration with age. In the past decade, the evolutionarily conserved transcription factors FOXO with known functions in promoting healthy aging have emerged as key regulators of stem cell homeostasis in various tissues, including blood, neural, and muscle stem cells. Aberrant FOXO functions have been implicated in a variety of disorders including neurodegenerative, blood, cancer, and diabetes some of which are fostered by abnormal stem cell function. As discussed in this chapter, at least in some stem cells FOXO regulatory mechanisms and applied functions follow a complex set of rules distinct from that operating in progenitor cell populations and in cultured cell lines. Elucidating the exact nature of FOXO properties in stem cells will be critical for identifying and targeting aberrant FOXO-mediated mechanisms that promote stem cell-derived disease specifically with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Liang
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Multidisciplinary Training Area, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Saghi Ghaffari
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
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96
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Baldi S, Bolognesi A, Meinema AC, Barral Y. Heat stress promotes longevity in budding yeast by relaxing the confinement of age-promoting factors in the mother cell. eLife 2017; 6:28329. [PMID: 29283340 PMCID: PMC5771669 DOI: 10.7554/elife.28329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although individuals of many species inexorably age, a number of observations established that the rate of aging is modulated in response to a variety of mild stresses. Here, we investigated how heat stress promotes longevity in yeast. We show that upon growth at higher temperature, yeast cells relax the retention of DNA circles, which act as aging factors in the mother cell. The enhanced frequency at which circles redistribute to daughter cells was not due to changes of anaphase duration or nuclear shape but solely to the downregulation of the diffusion barrier in the nuclear envelope. This effect depended on the PKA and Tor1 pathways, downstream of stress-response kinase Pkc1. Inhibition of these responses restored barrier function and circle retention and abrogated the effect of heat stress on longevity. Our data indicate that redistribution of aging factors from aged cells to their progeny can be a mechanism for modulating longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Baldi
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Bolognesi
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Yves Barral
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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97
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Carrero D, Soria-Valles C, López-Otín C. Hallmarks of progeroid syndromes: lessons from mice and reprogrammed cells. Dis Model Mech 2017; 9:719-35. [PMID: 27482812 PMCID: PMC4958309 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.024711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a process that inevitably affects most living organisms and involves the accumulation of macromolecular damage, genomic instability and loss of heterochromatin. Together, these alterations lead to a decline in stem cell function and to a reduced capability to regenerate tissue. In recent years, several genetic pathways and biochemical mechanisms that contribute to physiological ageing have been described, but further research is needed to better characterize this complex biological process. Because premature ageing (progeroid) syndromes, including progeria, mimic many of the characteristics of human ageing, research into these conditions has proven to be very useful not only to identify the underlying causal mechanisms and identify treatments for these pathologies, but also for the study of physiological ageing. In this Review, we summarize the main cellular and animal models used in progeria research, with an emphasis on patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell models, and define a series of molecular and cellular hallmarks that characterize progeroid syndromes and parallel physiological ageing. Finally, we describe the therapeutic strategies being investigated for the treatment of progeroid syndromes, and their main limitations. Summary: This Review defines the molecular and cellular hallmarks of progeroid syndromes according to the main cellular and animal models, and discusses the therapeutic strategies developed to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dido Carrero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Clara Soria-Valles
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
| | - Carlos López-Otín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain
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98
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Chen S, Gao R, Yao C, Kobayashi M, Liu SZ, Yoder MC, Broxmeyer H, Kapur R, Boswell HS, Mayo LD, Liu Y. Genotoxic stresses promote clonal expansion of hematopoietic stem cells expressing mutant p53. Leukemia 2017; 32:850-854. [PMID: 29263439 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - R Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - C Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Rheumatism, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - M Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - S Z Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - M C Yoder
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - H Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - R Kapur
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - H S Boswell
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - L D Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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99
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Mortada I, Mortada R. Epigenetic changes in mesenchymal stem cells differentiation. Eur J Med Genet 2017; 61:114-118. [PMID: 29079547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic factors are known to play a major role in determining stem cell fate and differentiation. Mesenchymal stem cells are the most studied population of stem cells due to their important applications in experimental biology and regenerative medicine. After a brief overview on mesenchymal stem cells, this review aims to highlight the role of epigenetic changes on mesenchymal stem cells biology and differentiation protocols with a focus on osteocytic, chondrocytic and adipocytic differentiation. Chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, histone modifications and miRNA expression will be investigated. The impact of epigenetics on transdifferentiation of mesenchymal stem cells will also be discussed. Indeed, epigenetic modulation appears to constitute a promising experimental target in stem cell basic and translational research.
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100
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitors are tasked with maintaining hematopoietic homeostasis in the face of numerous insults and challenges, including infection, inflammation, and exsanguination. HSCs possess the remarkable ability to reconstitute the entire hematopoietic system of an organism whose own hematopoietic system has been ablated. This ability is exploited routinely in the clinic via HSC transplantation (HSCT). Here, we focus on the physiological and molecular bottlenecks overcome by HSCs during transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS During transplantation, HSCs encounter a damaged bone marrow niche, characterized molecularly by increases in oxygen concentrations and an altered cytokine milieu. New mechanisms and pathways have been recently implicated during HSCT, including transplanted HSC-dependent secretion of conditioning molecules that facilitate engraftment and pathways that protect HSCs from perturbed organelle homeostasis. SUMMARY Better understanding the molecular processes HSCs employ to withstand the stress of transplant will illuminate novel targets for further improving conditioning regimens and engraftment during HSCT.
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