51
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Gupta G, Staggs K, Mohite AD, Baldwin JK, Iyer S, Mukundan R, Misra A, Antoniou A, Dattelbaum AM. Fluid and Resistive Tethered Lipid Membranes on Nanoporous Substrates. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:12868-76. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b04482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonia Antoniou
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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52
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Schubert T, Römer W. How synthetic membrane systems contribute to the understanding of lipid-driven endocytosis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015. [PMID: 26211452 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic membrane systems, such as giant unilamellar vesicles and solid supported lipid bilayers, have widened our understanding of biological processes occurring at or through membranes. Artificial systems are particularly suited to study the inherent properties of membranes with regard to their components and characteristics. This review critically reflects the emerging molecular mechanism of lipid-driven endocytosis and the impact of model membrane systems in elucidating the complex interplay of biomolecules within this process. Lipid receptor clustering induced by binding of several toxins, viruses and bacteria to the plasma membrane leads to local membrane bending and formation of tubular membrane invaginations. Here, lipid shape, and protein structure and valency are the essential parameters in membrane deformation. Combining observations of complex cellular processes and their reconstitution on minimal systems seems to be a promising future approach to resolve basic underlying mechanisms. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schubert
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraβe 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS - Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Schänzlestraβe 18, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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53
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Janshoff A, Steinem C. Mechanics of lipid bilayers: What do we learn from pore-spanning membranes? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:2977-83. [PMID: 26025679 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of biological membranes have become increasingly important not only from a biophysical viewpoint but also as they play a substantial role in the information transfer in cells and tissues. This minireview summarizes some of our recent understanding of the mechanical properties of artificial model membranes with particular emphasis on membranes suspending an array of pores, so called pore-spanning membranes. A theoretical description of the mechanical properties of these membranes might pave the way to biophysically describe and understand the complex behavior of native biological membranes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Janshoff
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Steinem
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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54
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Mruetusatorn P, Polizos G, Datskos PG, Taylor G, Sarles SA, Boreyko JB, Hayes DG, Collier CP. Control of membrane permeability in air-stable droplet interface bilayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:4224-4231. [PMID: 25790280 DOI: 10.1021/la504712g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Air-stable droplet interface bilayers (airDIBs) on oil-infused surfaces are versatile model membranes for synthetic biology applications, including biosensing of airborne species. However, airDIBs are subject to evaporation, which can, over time, destabilize them and reduce their useful lifetime compared to traditional DIBs that are fully submerged in oil. Here, we show that the lifetimes of airDIBs can be extended by as much as an order of magnitude by maintaining the temperature just above the dew point. We find that raising the temperature from near the dew point (which was 7 °C at 38.5% relative humidity and 22 °C air temperature) to 20 °C results in the loss of hydrated water molecules from the polar headgroups of the lipid bilayer membrane due to evaporation, resulting in a phase transition with increased disorder. This dehydration transition primarily affects the bilayer electrical resistance by increasing the permeability through an increasingly disordered polar headgroup region of the bilayer. Temperature and relative humidity are conveniently tunable parameters for controlling the stability and composition of airDIB membranes while still allowing for operation in ambient environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jonathan B Boreyko
- #Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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55
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Li H, Xu B, Wang D, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Xia W, Xu S, Li Y. Immunosensor for trace penicillin G detection in milk based on supported bilayer lipid membrane modified with gold nanoparticles. J Biotechnol 2015; 203:97-103. [PMID: 25840366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we developed an immunosensor for electrochemical detection of penicillin G at trace level. The biosensor was fabricated by immobilizing anti-penicillin G in a supported bilayer lipid membrane (s-BLM) modified with gold nanoparticles, and the modified electrodes were characterized by the scanning electron microscope (SEM), cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The biosensor was able to detect penicillin G with a linear correlation ranging from 3.34×10(-3)ng/L to 3.34×10(3)ng/L and a detection limit of 2.7×10(-4)ng/L, much lower than the maximum residue limit (MRL) of penicillin G in milk (4ppb, equal to 4×10(3)ng/L) set out by the European Union. The mean coefficient variation (CV) of the intra-assays and the inter-assays were 5.4% and 7.7%, respectively. In addition, the concentration of penicillin G in milk samples determined by this biosensor was in good agreement with that determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Bing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Danqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Yin Zhou
- College of Health Science and Nursing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China.
| | - Hongling Zhang
- College of Health Science and Nursing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, Hubei, China.
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
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56
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Teng W, Ban C, Hahn JH. Formation of lipid bilayer membrane in a poly(dimethylsiloxane) microchip integrated with a stacked polycarbonate membrane support and an on-site nanoinjector. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:024120. [PMID: 26015832 PMCID: PMC4409621 DOI: 10.1063/1.4919066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a new and facile approach for the formation of pore-spanning bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs) within a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic device. Commercially, readily available polycarbonate (PC) membranes are employed for the support of BLMs. PC sheets with 5 μm, 2 μm, and 0.4 μm pore diameters, respectively, are thermally bonded into a multilayer-stack, reducing the pore density of 0.4 μm-pore PC by a factor of 200. The BLMs on this support are considerably stable (a mean lifetime: 17 h). This multilayer-stack PC (MSPC) membrane is integrated into the PDMS chip by an epoxy bonding method developed to secure durable bonding under the use of organic solvents. The microchip has a special channel for guiding a micropipette in the proximity of the MSPC support. With this on-site injection technique, tens to hundreds of nanoliters of solutions can be directly dispensed to the support. Incorporating gramicidin ion channels into BLMs on the MSPC support has confirmed the formation of single BLMs, which is based on the observation from current signals of 20 pS conductance that is typical to single channel opening. Based on the bilayer capacitance (1.4 pF), about 15% of through pores across the MSPC membrane are estimated to be covered with BLMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Teng
- Department of Chemistry, BioNanotechnology Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology , 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, 790-784 Pohang, South Korea
| | - Changill Ban
- Department of Chemistry, BioNanotechnology Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology , 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, 790-784 Pohang, South Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Hahn
- Department of Chemistry, BioNanotechnology Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology , 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, 790-784 Pohang, South Korea
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57
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Hirano-Iwata A, Ishinari Y, Yamamoto H, Niwano M. Micro- and Nano-Technologies for Lipid Bilayer-Based Ion-Channel Functional Assays. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:1266-74. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201403391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Hirano-Iwata
- CREST (Japan) Science and Technology Agency (JST); 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering; Tohoku University; 6-6 Aoba Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
| | - Yutaka Ishinari
- CREST (Japan) Science and Technology Agency (JST); 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering; Tohoku University; 6-6 Aoba Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
| | - Hideaki Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering; Tohoku University; 6-6 Aoba Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aoba Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Michio Niwano
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering; Tohoku University; 6-6 Aoba Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
- Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics; Research Institute of Electrical Communication; Tohoku University; 6-6 Aoba Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan
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58
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Wang X, Ma S, Su Y, Zhang Y, Bi H, Zhang L, Han X. High Impedance Droplet–Solid Interface Lipid Bilayer Membranes. Anal Chem 2015; 87:2094-9. [PMID: 25600185 DOI: 10.1021/ac502953v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of
Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 West Da-Zhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shenghua Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of
Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 West Da-Zhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yingchun Su
- State
Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of
Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 West Da-Zhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of
Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 West Da-Zhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hongmei Bi
- State
Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of
Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 West Da-Zhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Lixue Zhang
- Qingdao
Key Lab of Solar Energy Utilization and Energy Storage Technology,
Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiaojun Han
- State
Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of
Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 West Da-Zhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
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59
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Damiati S, Zayni S, Schrems A, Kiene E, Sleytr UB, Chopineau J, Schuster B, Sinner EK. Inspired and stabilized by nature: ribosomal synthesis of the human voltage gated ion channel (VDAC) into 2D-protein-tethered lipid interfaces. Biomater Sci 2015; 3:1406-13. [DOI: 10.1039/c5bm00097a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The scheme of the cell-free, ribosomal synthesis of a VDAC protein in the presence of an S-layer supported lipid membrane. The VDAC protein is adapted from S. Hiller et al., Science, 2008, 321, 1206–1210.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Damiati
- Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures
- Department of NanoBiotechnology
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
- Vienna 1190
- Austria
| | - Sonja Zayni
- Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures
- Department of NanoBiotechnology
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
- Vienna 1190
- Austria
| | - Angelika Schrems
- Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures
- Department of NanoBiotechnology
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
- Vienna 1190
- Austria
| | - Elisabeth Kiene
- Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures
- Department of NanoBiotechnology
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
- Vienna 1190
- Austria
| | - Uwe B. Sleytr
- Institute for Biophysics
- Department of NanoBiotechnology
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
- Vienna 1190
- Austria
| | - Joël Chopineau
- Institute Charles Gerhardt
- UMR 5253 CNRS/ENSCM/UM2/UM1
- Montpellier
- France
| | - Bernhard Schuster
- Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures
- Department of NanoBiotechnology
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
- Vienna 1190
- Austria
| | - Eva-Kathrin Sinner
- Institute for Synthetic Bioarchitectures
- Department of NanoBiotechnology
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
- Vienna 1190
- Austria
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60
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Abstract
The current study deals with the self-assembly of phospholipids on flat supports using the Martini coarse grain model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil R. Mhashal
- Physical Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune
- India
| | - Sudip Roy
- Physical Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune
- India
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61
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Valincius G, Mickevicius M. Tethered Phospholipid Bilayer Membranes. ADVANCES IN PLANAR LIPID BILAYERS AND LIPOSOMES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adplan.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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62
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Taylor GJ, Sarles SA. Heating-enabled formation of droplet interface bilayers using Escherichia coli total lipid extract. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 31:325-37. [PMID: 25514167 DOI: 10.1021/la503471m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Droplet interface bilayers (DIBs) serve as a convenient platform to study interactions between synthetic lipid membranes and proteins. However, a majority of DIBs have been assembled using a single lipid type, diphytanoylphosphatidylcholine (DPhPC). The work described herein establishes a new method to assemble DIBs using total lipid extract from Escherichia coli (eTLE); it is found that incubating oil-submerged aqueous droplets containing eTLE liposomes at a temperature above the gel-fluid phase transition temperature (Tg) promotes monolayer self-assembly that does not occur below Tg. Once monolayers are properly assembled via heating, droplets can be directly connected or cooled below Tg and then connected to initiate bilayer formation. This outcome contrasts immediate droplet coalescence observed upon contact between nonheated eTLE-infused droplets. Specific capacitance measurements confirm that the interface between droplets containing eTLE lipids is a lipid bilayer with thickness of 29.6 Å at 25 °C in hexadecane. We observe that bilayers formed from eTLE or DPhPC survive cooling and heating between 25 and 50 °C and demonstrate gigaohm (GΩ) membrane resistances at all temperatures tested. Additionally, we study the insertion of alamethicin peptides into both eTLE and DPhPC membranes to understand how lipid composition, temperature, and membrane phase influence ion channel formation. Like in DPhPC bilayers, alamethicin peptides in eTLE exhibit discrete, voltage-dependent gating characterized by multiple open channel conductance levels, though at significantly lower applied voltages. Cyclic voltammetry measurements of macroscopic channel currents confirm that the voltage-dependent conductance of alamethicin channels in eTLE bilayers occurs at lower voltages than in DPhPC bilayers at equivalent peptide concentrations. This result suggests that eTLE membranes, via composition, fluidity, or the presence of subdomains, offer an environment that enhances alamethicin insertion. For both membrane compositions, increasing temperature reduces the lifetimes of single channel gating events and increases the voltage required to cause an exponential increase in channel current. However, the fact that alamethicin insertion in eTLE exhibits significantly greater sensitivity to temperature changes through its Tg suggests that membrane phase plays an important role in channel formation. These effects are much less severe in DPhPC, where heating from 25 to 50 °C does not induce a phase change. The described technique for heating-assisted monolayer formation permits the use of other high transition temperature lipids in aqueous droplets for DIB formation, thereby increasing the types of lipids that can be considered for assembling model membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham J Taylor
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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63
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Kant K, Priest C, Shapter JG, Losic D. The influence of nanopore dimensions on the electrochemical properties of nanopore arrays studied by impedance spectroscopy. SENSORS 2014; 14:21316-28. [PMID: 25393785 PMCID: PMC4279535 DOI: 10.3390/s141121316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of the electrochemical properties of nanopores is the key factor for better understanding their performance and applications for nanopore-based sensing devices. In this study, the influence of pore dimensions of nanoporous alumina (NPA) membranes prepared by an anodization process and their electrochemical properties as a sensing platform using impedance spectroscopy was explored. NPA with four different pore diameters (25 nm, 45 nm and 65 nm) and lengths (5 μm to 20 μm) was used and their electrochemical properties were explored using different concentration of electrolyte solution (NaCl) ranging from 1 to 100 μM. Our results show that the impedance and resistance of nanopores are influenced by the concentration and ion species of electrolytes, while the capacitance is independent of them. It was found that nanopore diameters also have a significant influence on impedance due to changes in the thickness of the double layer inside the pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kant
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.
| | - Craig Priest
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia.
| | - Joe G Shapter
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
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64
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Stereoselective synthesis of perdeuterated phytanic acid, its phospholipid derivatives and their formation into lipid model membranes for neutron reflectivity studies. Chem Phys Lipids 2014; 183:22-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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65
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Characterization of impedance biosensing performance of single and nanopore arrays of anodic porous alumina fabricated by focused ion beam (FIB) milling. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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66
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Ren X, Liu K, Zhang Q, Noh HM, Kumbur EC, Yuan WW, Zhou JG, Chong PLG. Design, fabrication, and characterization of archaeal tetraether free-standing planar membranes in a PDMS- and PCB-based fluidic platform. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:12618-12628. [PMID: 24937508 DOI: 10.1021/am502613x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The polar lipid fraction E (PLFE) isolated from the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius contains exclusively bipolar tetraether lipids, which are able to form extraordinarily stable vesicular membranes against a number of chemical, physical, and mechanical stressors. PLFE liposomes have thus been considered appealing biomaterials holding great promise for biotechnology applications such as drug delivery and biosensing. Here we demonstrated that PLFE can also form free-standing "planar" membranes on micropores (∼100 μm) of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) thin films embedded in printed circuit board (PCB)-based fluidics. To build this device, two novel approaches were employed: (i) an S1813 sacrificial layer was used to facilitate the fabrication of the PDMS thin film, and (ii) oxygen plasma treatment was utilized to conveniently bond the PDMS thin film to the PCB board and the PDMS fluidic chamber. Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, we found that the dielectric properties of PLFE planar membranes suspended on the PDMS films are distinctly different from those obtained from diester lipid and triblock copolymer membranes. In addition to resistance (R) and capacitance (C) that were commonly seen in all the membranes examined, PLFE planar membranes showed an inductance (L) component. Furthermore, PLFE planar membranes displayed a relatively large membrane resistance, suggesting that, among the membranes examined, PLFE planar membrane would be a better matrix for studying channel proteins and transmembrane events. PLFE planar membranes also exhibited a sharp decrease in phase angle with the frequency of the input AC signal at ∼1 MHz, which could be utilized to develop sensors for monitoring PLFE membrane integrity in fluidics. Since the stability of free-standing planar lipid membranes increases with increasing membrane packing tightness and PLFE lipid membranes are more tightly packed than those made of diester lipids, PLFE free-standing planar membranes are expected to be considerably stable. All these salient features make PLFE planar membranes particularly attractive for model studies of channel proteins and transmembrane events and for high-throughput drug screening and artificial photosynthesis. This work can be extended to nanopores of PDMS thin films in microfluidics and eventually aid in membrane-based new lab-on-a-chip applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ren
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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67
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Mallaiya K, Rameshkumar S, Subramanian S, Ramalingam S, Ramachandran T. Electrochemical impedance studies on the interaction of midazolam with planar lipid bilayer. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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68
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Tethered bilayer lipid membranes (tBLMs): interest and applications for biological membrane investigations. Biochimie 2014; 107 Pt A:135-42. [PMID: 24998327 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2014.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Biological membranes play a central role in the biology of the cell. They are not only the hydrophobic barrier allowing separation between two water soluble compartments but also a supra-molecular entity that has vital structural functions. Notably, they are involved in many exchange processes between the outside and inside cellular spaces. Accounting for the complexity of cell membranes, reliable models are needed to acquire current knowledge of the molecular processes occurring in membranes. To simplify the investigation of lipid/protein interactions, the use of biomimetic membranes is an approach that allows manipulation of the lipid composition of specific domains and/or the protein composition, and the evaluation of the reciprocal effects. Since the middle of the 80's, lipid bilayer membranes have been constantly developed as models of biological membranes with the ultimate goal to reincorporate membrane proteins for their functional investigation. In this review, after a brief description of the planar lipid bilayers as biomimetic membrane models, we will focus on the construction of the tethered Bilayer Lipid Membranes, the most promising model for efficient membrane protein reconstitution and investigation of molecular processes occurring in cell membranes.
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69
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Lee W, Park SJ. Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide: Anodization and Templated Synthesis of Functional Nanostructures. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7487-556. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500002z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 905] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Yuseong, 305-340 Daejeon, Korea
- Department
of Nano Science, University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong, 305-333 Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang-Joon Park
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Yuseong, 305-340 Daejeon, Korea
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70
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Messina P, Lemaître F, Huet F, Ngo KA, Vivier V, Labbé E, Buriez O, Amatore C. Monitoring and Quantifying the Passive Transport of Molecules Through Patch-Clamp Suspended Real and Model Cell Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201308990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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71
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Messina P, Lemaître F, Huet F, Ngo KA, Vivier V, Labbé E, Buriez O, Amatore C. Monitoring and quantifying the passive transport of molecules through patch-clamp suspended real and model cell membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:3192-6. [PMID: 24519879 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201308990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Transport of active molecules across biological membranes is a central issue for the success of many pharmaceutical strategies. Herein, we combine the patch-clamp principle with amperometric detection for monitoring fluxes of redox-tagged molecular species across a suspended membrane patched from a macrophage. Solvent- and protein-free lipid bilayers (DPhPC, DOPC, DOPG) patched from single-wall GUV have been thoroughly investigated and the corresponding fluxes measurements quantified. The quality of the patches and their proper sealing were successfully characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This procedure appears versatile and perfectly adequate to allow the investigation of transport and quantification of the transport properties through direct measurement of the coefficients of partition and diffusion of the compound in the membrane, thus offering insight on such important biological and pharmacological issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluca Messina
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, Département de Chimie, UMR CNRS-ENS-UPMC 8640 "PASTEUR", 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France)
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72
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Zaitsev SY, Solovyeva DO, Nabiev IR. Nanobiohybrid structures based on the organized films of photosensitive membrane proteins. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2014. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2014v083n01abeh004372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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73
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Simon A, Gounou C, Tan S, Tiefenauer L, Di Berardino M, Brisson AR. Free-standing lipid films stabilized by Annexin-A5. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1828:2739-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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74
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Khan MS, Dosoky NS, Williams JD. Engineering lipid bilayer membranes for protein studies. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:21561-97. [PMID: 24185908 PMCID: PMC3856022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141121561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid membranes regulate the flow of nutrients and communication signaling between cells and protect the sub-cellular structures. Recent attempts to fabricate artificial systems using nanostructures that mimic the physiological properties of natural lipid bilayer membranes (LBM) fused with transmembrane proteins have helped demonstrate the importance of temperature, pH, ionic strength, adsorption behavior, conformational reorientation and surface density in cellular membranes which all affect the incorporation of proteins on solid surfaces. Much of this work is performed on artificial templates made of polymer sponges or porous materials based on alumina, mica, and porous silicon (PSi) surfaces. For example, porous silicon materials have high biocompatibility, biodegradability, and photoluminescence, which allow them to be used both as a support structure for lipid bilayers or a template to measure the electrochemical functionality of living cells grown over the surface as in vivo. The variety of these media, coupled with the complex physiological conditions present in living systems, warrant a summary and prospectus detailing which artificial systems provide the most promise for different biological conditions. This study summarizes the use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data on artificial biological membranes that are closely matched with previously published biological systems using both black lipid membrane and patch clamp techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shuja Khan
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Noura Sayed Dosoky
- Biological Sciences Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA; E-Mail:
| | - John Dalton Williams
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA; E-Mail:
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75
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Baker CA, Bright LK, Aspinwall CA. Photolithographic fabrication of microapertures with well-defined, three-dimensional geometries for suspended lipid membrane studies. Anal Chem 2013; 85:9078-86. [PMID: 23987300 DOI: 10.1021/ac401639n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Robust and high-density biosensors incorporating suspended lipid membranes require microfabricated apertures that can be readily integrated into complex analysis systems. Apertures with well-defined, three-dimensional geometries enable the formation of suspended lipid membranes and facilitate reduced aperture size compared to vertical-walled apertures. Unfortunately, existing methods of producing apertures with well-defined, three-dimensional geometries are based on complex and expensive fabrication procedures, some of which yield apertures in excessively fragile thin-film materials. Here, we describe a microfabrication method utilizing incline and rotate lithography that achieves sloped-wall microapertures in SU-8 polymer substrates with precision control of the aperture diameter, substrate thickness, and wall angle. This approach is simple, is of low cost, and is readily scaled up to allow highly reproducible parallel fabrication. The effect of the incident angle of UV exposure and the size of photomask features on the aperture geometry were investigated, yielding aperture diameters as small as 7 μm and aperture wall angles ranging from 8° to 36° measured from the normal axis. Black lipid membranes were suspended across the apertures and showed normalized conductance values of 0.02-0.05 pS μm(-2) and breakdown voltages of 400-600 mV. The functionality of the resulting sloped-wall microapertures was validated via measurement of reconstituted α-hemolysin activity and the voltage-gated channel activity of alamethicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona , 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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76
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Oshima A, Hirano-Iwata A, Mozumi H, Ishinari Y, Kimura Y, Niwano M. Reconstitution of Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Channels in Microfabricated Silicon Chips. Anal Chem 2013; 85:4363-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac303484k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azusa Oshima
- Graduate School of Biomedical
Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba,
Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Ayumi Hirano-Iwata
- Graduate School of Biomedical
Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba,
Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi,
Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Hideki Mozumi
- Graduate School of Biomedical
Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba,
Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ishinari
- Graduate School of Biomedical
Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba,
Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kimura
- Laboratory
for Nanoelectronics
and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai,
Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Michio Niwano
- Graduate School of Biomedical
Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba,
Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Laboratory
for Nanoelectronics
and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai,
Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
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77
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Stimberg VC, Bomer JG, van Uitert I, van den Berg A, Le Gac S. High yield, reproducible and quasi-automated bilayer formation in a microfluidic format. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:1076-1085. [PMID: 23139010 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201201821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic platform is reported for various experimentation schemes on cell membrane models and membrane proteins using a combination of electrical and optical measurements, including confocal microscopy. Bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs) are prepared in the device upon spontaneous and instantaneous thinning of the lipid solution in a 100-μm dry-etched aperture in a 12.5-μm thick Teflon foil. Using this quasi-automated approach, a remarkable 100% membrane formation yield is reached (including reflushing in 4% of the cases), and BLMs are stable for up to 36 h. Furthermore, the potential of this platform is demonstrated for (i) the in-depth characterization of BLMs comprising both synthetic and natural lipids (1,2-diphytanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPhPC) and L-α-phosphatidylcholine (L-α-PC)/cholesterol, respectively) in terms of seal resistance, capacitance, surface area, specific capacitance, and membrane hydrophobic thickness; (ii) confocal microscopy imaging of phase separation in sphingomyelin/L-α-PC/cholesterol ternary membranes; (iii) electrical measurements of individual nanopores (α-hemolysin, gramicidin); and (iv) indirect assessment of the alteration of membrane properties upon exposure to chemical stimuli using the natural nanopore gramicidin as a sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena C Stimberg
- BIOS-Lab on a Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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78
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Mashaghi S, Jadidi T, Koenderink G, Mashaghi A. Lipid nanotechnology. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:4242-82. [PMID: 23429269 PMCID: PMC3588097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14024242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that covers a vast and diverse array of devices and machines derived from engineering, physics, materials science, chemistry and biology. These devices have found applications in biomedical sciences, such as targeted drug delivery, bio-imaging, sensing and diagnosis of pathologies at early stages. In these applications, nano-devices typically interface with the plasma membrane of cells. On the other hand, naturally occurring nanostructures in biology have been a source of inspiration for new nanotechnological designs and hybrid nanostructures made of biological and non-biological, organic and inorganic building blocks. Lipids, with their amphiphilicity, diversity of head and tail chemistry, and antifouling properties that block nonspecific binding to lipid-coated surfaces, provide a powerful toolbox for nanotechnology. This review discusses the progress in the emerging field of lipid nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Mashaghi
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Centre for Synthetic Biology, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; E-Mail:
| | - Tayebeh Jadidi
- Department of Physics, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastraße 7, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany; E-Mail:
| | - Gijsje Koenderink
- FOM Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands; E-Mail:
| | - Alireza Mashaghi
- FOM Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands; E-Mail:
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
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79
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Pfeiffer I, Zäch M. Formation of pit-spanning phospholipid bilayers on nanostructured silicon dioxide surfaces for studying biological membrane events. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 991:113-125. [PMID: 23546664 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-336-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Zwitterionic phospholipid vesicles are known to adsorb and ultimately rupture on flat silicon dioxide (SiO2) surfaces to form supported lipid bilayers. Surface topography, however, alters the kinetics and mechanistic details of vesicles adsorption, which under certain conditions may be exploited to form a suspended bilayer. Here we describe the use of nanostructured SiO2 surfaces prepared by the colloidal lithography technique to scrutinize the formation of suspended 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) lipid bilayers from a solution of small unilamellar lipid vesicles (SUVs). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) were employed to characterize nanostructure fabrication and lipid bilayer assembly on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indriati Pfeiffer
- Department of Cell biology and Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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80
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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy characterization of nanoporous alumina dengue virus biosensor. Bioelectrochemistry 2012; 88:15-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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81
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Zaitsev SY, Solovyeva DO, Nabiev I. Thin films and assemblies of photosensitive membrane proteins and colloidal nanocrystals for engineering of hybrid materials with advanced properties. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 183-184:14-29. [PMID: 22906866 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2012.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2012] [Revised: 07/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The development and study of nano-bio hybrid materials engineered from membrane proteins (the key functional elements of various biomembranes) and nanoheterostructures (inorganic colloidal nanoparticles, transparent electrodes, and films) is a rapidly growing field at the interface of materials and life sciences. The mainspring of the development of bioinspired materials and devices is the fact that biological evolution has solved many problems similar to those that humans are attempting to solve in the field of light-harvesting and energy-transferring inorganic compounds. Along this way, bioelectronics and biophotonics have shown considerable promise. A number of proteins have been explored in terms of bioelectronic device applications, but bacteriorhodopsin (bR, a photosensitive membrane protein from purple membranes of the bacterium Halobacterium salinarum) and bacterial photosynthetic reaction centres have received the most attention. The energy harvesting in plants has a maximum efficiency of 5%, whereas bR, in the absence of a specific light-harvesting system, allows bacteria to utilize only 0.1-0.5% of the solar light. Recent nano-bioengineering approaches employing colloidal semiconductor and metal nanoparticles conjugated with biosystems permit the enhancement of the light-harvesting capacity of photosensitive proteins, thus providing a strong impetus to protein-based device optimisation. Fabrication of ultrathin and highly oriented films from biological membranes and photosensitive proteins is the key task for prospective bioelectronic and biophotonic applications. In this review, the main advances in techniques of preparation of such films are analyzed. Comparison of the techniques for obtaining thin films leads to the conclusion that the homogeneity and orientation of biomembrane fragments or proteins in these films depend on the method of their fabrication and increase in the following order: electrophoretic sedimentation < Langmuir-Blodgett and Langmuir-Schaefer methods < self-assembly and layer-by-layer methods. The key advances in the techniques of preparation of the assemblies or complexes of colloidal nanocrystals with bR, purple membranes, or photosynthetic reaction centres are also reviewed. Approaches to the fabrication of the prototype photosensitive nano-bio hybrid materials with advanced photovoltaic, energy transfer, and optical switching properties and future prospects in this field are analyzed in the concluding part of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Yu Zaitsev
- Laboratory of Nano-Bioengineering, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, 31 Kashirskoe sh., 115409 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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82
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Abstract
Lipid bilayers are natural barriers of biological cells and cellular compartments. Membrane proteins integrated in biological membranes enable vital cell functions such as signal transduction and the transport of ions or small molecules. In order to determine the activity of a protein of interest at defined conditions, the membrane protein has to be integrated into artificial lipid bilayers immobilized on a surface. For the fabrication of such biosensors expertise is required in material science, surface and analytical chemistry, molecular biology and biotechnology. Specifically, techniques are needed for structuring surfaces in the micro- and nanometer scale, chemical modification and analysis, lipid bilayer formation, protein expression, purification and solubilization, and most importantly, protein integration into engineered lipid bilayers. Electrochemical and optical methods are suitable to detect membrane activity-related signals. The importance of structural knowledge to understand membrane protein function is obvious. Presently only a few structures of membrane proteins are solved at atomic resolution. Functional assays together with known structures of individual membrane proteins will contribute to a better understanding of vital biological processes occurring at biological membranes. Such assays will be utilized in the discovery of drugs, since membrane proteins are major drug targets.
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83
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Zhu ZW, Wang Y, Zhang X, Sun CF, Li MG, Yan JW, Mao BW. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and atomic force microscopic studies of electrical and mechanical properties of nano-black lipid membranes and size dependence. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:14739-14746. [PMID: 22985346 DOI: 10.1021/la303047v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We present electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) and two-chamber AFM investigations of the electrical and mechanical properties of solvent-containing nano-BLMs suspended on chip-based nanopores of diameter of 200, 400, and 700 nm. The chips containing nanoporous silicon nitride membranes are fabricated based on low-cost colloidal lithography with low aspect ratio of the nanopores. BLMs of DPhPC lipid molecules are constructed across the nanopores by the painting method. Two equivalent circuits are compared in view of their adequacy in description of the EIS performances of the nano-BLMs and more importantly the structures associated with the nano-BLMs systems. The BLM resistance and capacitance as well as their size and time dependence are studied by EIS. The breakthrough forces, elasticity in terms of apparent spring constant, and lateral tension of the solvent-containing nano-BLMs are investigated by AFM force measurements. The exact relationship of the breakthrough force of the nano-BLM as a function of pore size is revealed. Both EIS and AFM studies show increasing lifetime and mechanical stability of the nano-BLMs with decreasing pore size. Finally, the robust 200 nm diameter nanopores are used to accommodate functional BLMs containing DPhPC lipid molecules and gramicidins by using a painting method with drop of mixture solutions of DPhPC and gramicidins. EIS investigation of the functional nano-BLMs is also performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zai-Wen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of the Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
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84
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Abstract
Synthetic nanoporous membranes have been used in numerous biosensing applications, such as glucose detection, nucleic acid detection, bacteria detection, and cell-based sensing. The increased surface affinity area and enhanced output sensing signals make the nanoporous membranes increasingly attractive as biosensing platforms. Surface modification techniques can be used to improve surface properties for realizable bioanalyte immobilization, conjugation, and detection. Combined with realizable detection techniques such as electrochemical and optical detection methods, nanoporous membrane–based biosensors have advantages, including rapid response, high sensitivity, and low cost. In this paper, an overview of nanoporous membranes for biosensing application is given. Types of nanoporous membranes including polymer membranes, inorganic membranes, membranes with nanopores fabricated using nanolithography, and nanotube-based membranes are introduced. The fabrication techniques of nanoporous membranes are also discussed. The key requirements of nanoporous membranes for biosensing applications include surface functionality for bioanalyte immobilization, biocompatibility, mechanical and chemical stability, and anti-biofouling capability. The recent advances and development of nanoporous membrane–based biosensors are discussed, especially for the sensing mechanism and surface functionalization strategies. Finally, the challenges and future development of nanoporous membrane for biosensing applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- YANG MO
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Biomedical Engineering Programme, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - TAN FEI
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Biomedical Engineering Programme, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
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85
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Sezer M, Millo D, Weidinger IM, Zebger I, Hildebrandt P. Analyzing the catalytic processes of immobilized redox enzymes by vibrational spectroscopies. IUBMB Life 2012; 64:455-64. [PMID: 22535701 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Analyzing the structure and function of redox enzymes attached to electrodes is a central challenge in many fields of fundamental and applied life science. Electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry which are routinely used do not provide insight into the molecular structure and reaction mechanisms of the immobilized proteins. Surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) and surface-enhanced resonance Raman (SERR) spectroscopy may fill this gap, if nanostructured Au or Ag are used as conductive support materials. In this account, we will first outline the principles of the methodology including a description of the most important strategies for biocompatible protein immobilization. Subsequently, we will critically review SERR and SEIRA spectroscopic approaches to characterize the protein and active site structure of the immobilized enzymes. Special emphasis is laid on the combination of surface-enhanced vibrational spectroscopies with electrochemical methods to analyze equilibria and dynamics of the interfacial redox processes. Finally, we will assess the potential of SERR and SEIRA spectroscopy for in situ investigations on the basis of the first promising studies on human sulfite oxidase and hydrogenases under turnover conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Sezer
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie, Sekr. PC14, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
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86
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Zagnoni M. Miniaturised technologies for the development of artificial lipid bilayer systems. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:1026-1039. [PMID: 22301684 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc20991h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Artificially reproducing cellular environments is a key aim of synthetic biology, which has the potential to greatly enhance our understanding of cellular mechanisms. Microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip (LOC) techniques, which enable the controlled handling of sub-microlitre volumes of fluids in an automated and high-throughput manner, can play a major role in achieving this by offering alternative and powerful methodologies in an on-chip format. Such techniques have been successfully employed over the last twenty years to provide innovative solutions for chemical analysis and cell-, molecular- and synthetic- biology. In the context of the latter, the formation of artificial cell membranes (or artificial lipid bilayers) that incorporate membrane proteins within miniaturised LOC architectures offers huge potential for the development of highly sensitive molecular sensors and drug screening applications. The aim of this review is to give a comprehensive and critical overview of the field of microsystems for creating and exploiting artificial lipid bilayers. Advantages and limitations of three of the most popular approaches, namely suspended, supported and droplet-based lipid bilayers, are discussed. Examples are reported that show how artificial cell membrane microsystems, by combining together biological procedures and engineering techniques, can provide novel methodologies for basic biological and biophysical research and for the development of biotechnology tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Zagnoni
- Centre for Microsystems and Photonics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
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87
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Lipid Bilayer Membrane Arrays: Fabrication and Applications. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 131:121-52. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2012_135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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88
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HIRANO-IWATA A, OSHIMA A, MOZUMI H, KIMURA Y, NIWANO M. Stable Lipid Bilayers Based on Micro- and Nano-Fabrication as a Platform for Recording Ion-Channel Activities. ANAL SCI 2012; 28:1049-57. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.28.1049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi HIRANO-IWATA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
| | - Azusa OSHIMA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University
| | - Hideki MOZUMI
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University
| | - Yasuo KIMURA
- Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University
| | - Michio NIWANO
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University
- Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics, Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University
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89
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Falkman P, Aberg C, Clemens A, Sparr E. Lyotropic lipid phases confined in cylindrical pores: structure and permeability. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:14450-61. [PMID: 22007791 DOI: 10.1021/jp206451c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A model membrane system based on lipid lyotropic phases confined inside the pores of a well-defined scaffold membrane, thereby forming a double-porous membrane structure, is described. The model membrane system is characterized with regard to lipid structure, lipid location, and phase transitions, using small-angle X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, and confocal microscopy. The system enables studies of transport across oriented lipid bilayers as well as of lipids in confinement. The lipids are shown to be located inside the membrane pores, and the effect of confinement on lipid structure is shown to be small, although dependent on the surface properties of the scaffold membrane. For transport studies, Franz diffusion cells and different types of drugs/dyes are used, and the transport studies are complemented with theoretical modeling. Lipids investigated include monoolein, dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine, dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine, and E. coli total lipid extract. In the case of monoolein, the lipid structure can be changed from a bicontinuous cubic Ia3d phase to a liquid crystalline lamellar phase, by controlling the osmotic pressure of the surrounding solution through addition of water-soluble polymer. The osmotic pressure can thereby be used as a switch, changing the permeability of the lipid phase up to 100-fold, depending on the properties of the diffusing substance. The large effect of changing the structure implies an alignment of the lamellar phase inside the pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Falkman
- Physical Chemistry, Chemical Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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90
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Sumitomo K, McAllister A, Tamba Y, Kashimura Y, Tanaka A, Shinozaki Y, Torimitsu K. Ca2+ ion transport through channels formed by α-hemolysin analyzed using a microwell array on a Si substrate. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 31:445-50. [PMID: 22152991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2011.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
For the functional analysis of ion channel activity, an artificial lipid bilayer suspended over microwells was formed that ruptured giant unilamellar vesicles on a Si substrate. Ca(2+) ion indicators (fluo-4) were confined in the microwells by sealing the microwells with a lipid bilayer. An overhang formed at the microwells prevented the lipid membrane from falling into them and allowed the stable confinement of the fluorescent probes. The transport of Ca(2+) ions through the channels formed by α-hemolysin inserted in a lipid membrane was analyzed by employing the fluorescence intensity change of fluo-4 in the microwells. The microwell volume was very small (1-100 fl), so a highly sensitive monitor could be realized. The detection limit is several tens of ions/s/μm(2), and this is much smaller than the ion current in a standard electrophysiological measurement. Smaller microwells will make it possible to mimic a local ion concentration change in the cells, although the signal to noise ratio must be further improved for the functional analysis of a single channel. We demonstrated that a microwell array with confined fluorescent probes sealed by a lipid bilayer could constitute a basic component of a highly sensitive biosensor array that works with functional membrane proteins. This array will allow us to realize high throughput and parallel testing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Sumitomo
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan.
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91
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Lundgren A, Hedlund J, Andersson O, Brändén M, Kunze A, Elwing H, Höök F. Resonance-Mode Electrochemical Impedance Measurements of Silicon Dioxide Supported Lipid Bilayer Formation and Ion Channel Mediated Charge Transport. Anal Chem 2011; 83:7800-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac201273t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anders Lundgren
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julia Hedlund
- Stena Center 1B, Layerlab AB, SE-41292 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Olof Andersson
- Stena Center 1B, Layerlab AB, SE-41292 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Brändén
- Stena Center 1B, Layerlab AB, SE-41292 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Angelika Kunze
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hans Elwing
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Höök
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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92
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Kumar K, Isa L, Egner A, Schmidt R, Textor M, Reimhult E. Formation of nanopore-spanning lipid bilayers through liposome fusion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:10920-10928. [PMID: 21749115 DOI: 10.1021/la2019132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of nanopore-spanning lipid bilayers (npsLBs) paves the way toward chip-based integrated membrane protein biosensing. We present a novel approach to analyze the formation of npsLB at individual nanopores using quantitative analysis of high-resolution microscopy images. From this analysis we derive necessary conditions for the formation of npsLBs on nanopore arrays by liposome fusion and discuss the limitations of the process as a function of nanopore geometry, lipid membrane properties, and surface interaction. Most importantly, applying liposomes with diameters larger than the nanopore is demonstrated to be a necessary but not sufficient condition for npsLB formation. A theoretical model is used to discuss and explain this experimental finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Kumar
- Department of Materials, Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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93
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Venkatesan BM, Polans J, Comer J, Sridhar S, Wendell D, Aksimentiev A, Bashir R. Lipid bilayer coated Al(2)O(3) nanopore sensors: towards a hybrid biological solid-state nanopore. Biomed Microdevices 2011; 13:671-82. [PMID: 21487665 PMCID: PMC3175492 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-011-9537-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state nanopore sensors are highly versatile platforms for the rapid, label-free electrical detection and analysis of single molecules, applicable to next generation DNA sequencing. The versatility of this technology allows for both large scale device integration and interfacing with biological systems. Here we report on the development of a hybrid biological solid-state nanopore platform that incorporates a highly mobile lipid bilayer on a single solid-state Al(2)O(3) nanopore sensor, for the potential reconstitution of ion channels and biological nanopores. Such a system seeks to combine the superior electrical, thermal, and mechanical stability of Al(2)O(3) solid-state nanopores with the chemical specificity of biological nanopores. Bilayers on Al(2)O(3) exhibit higher diffusivity than those formed on TiO(2) and SiO(2) substrates, attributed to the presence of a thick hydration layer on Al(2)O(3), a key requirement to preserving the biological functionality of reconstituted membrane proteins. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that the electrostatic repulsion between the dipole of the DOPC headgroup and the positively charged Al(2)O(3) surface may be responsible for the enhanced thickness of this hydration layer. Lipid bilayer coated Al(2)O(3) nanopore sensors exhibit excellent electrical properties and enhanced mechanical stability (GΩ seals for over 50 h), making this technology ideal for use in ion channel electrophysiology, the screening of ion channel active drugs and future integration with biological nanopores such as α-hemolysin and MspA for rapid single molecule DNA sequencing. This technology can find broad application in bio-nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bala Murali Venkatesan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois, IL 61801, USA
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois, IL 61801, USA
| | - James Polans
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois, IL 61801, USA
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jeffrey Comer
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois, IL 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois, IL 61801, USA
| | - Supriya Sridhar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois, IL 61801, USA
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois, IL 61801, USA
| | - David Wendell
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
- College of Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Aleksei Aksimentiev
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois, IL 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois, IL 61801, USA
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois, IL 61801, USA
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Illinois, IL 61801, USA
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94
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95
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Bilayer lipid membranes supported on Teflon filters: A functional environment for ion channels. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 26:3127-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 12/05/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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96
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Demarche S, Sugihara K, Zambelli T, Tiefenauer L, Vörös J. Techniques for recording reconstituted ion channels. Analyst 2011; 136:1077-89. [PMID: 21267480 DOI: 10.1039/c0an00828a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review describes and discusses techniques useful for monitoring the activity of protein ion channels in vitro. In the first section the biological importance and the classification of ion channels are outlined in order to justify the strong motivation for dealing with this important class of membrane proteins. The expression, reconstitution and integration of recombinant proteins into lipid bilayers are crucial steps to obtain consistent data when working with ion channels. In the second section recording techniques used in research are presented. Since this review focuses on analytical systems bearing reconstituted ion channels the industrial most important patch-clamp techniques of cells are only briefly mentioned. In section three, artificial systems developed in the last decades are described while the emerging technologies using nanostructured supports or microfluidic systems are presented in section four. Finally, the remaining challenges of membrane protein analysis and its potential applications are briefly outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Demarche
- Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
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97
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Phung T, Zhang Y, Dunlop J, Dalziel JE. Porous Materials to Support Bilayer Lipid Membranes for Ion Channel Biosensors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.4061/2011/213107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify materials suitable as membrane supports for ion channel biosensors, six filter materials of varying hydrophobicity, tortuosity, and thickness were examined for their ability to support bilayer lipid membranes as determined by electrical impedance spectroscopy. Bilayers supported by hydrophobic materials (PTFE, polycarbonate, nylon, and silanised silver) had optimal resistance (14–19 GΩ) and capacitance (0.8–1.6 μF) values whereas those with low hydrophobicity did not form BLMs (PVDF) or were short-lived (unsilanised silver). The ability of ion channels to function in BLMs was assessed using a method recently reported to improve the efficiency of proteoliposome incorporation into PTFE-supported bilayers. Voltage-gated sodium channel activation by veratridine and inhibition by saxitoxin showed activity for PTFE, nylon, and silanised silver, but not polycarbonate. Bilayers on thicker, more tortuous, and hydrophobic materials produced higher current levels. Bilayers that self-assembled on PTFE filters were the longest lived and produced the most channel activity using this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai Phung
- AgResearch, Grasslands Research Centre, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Yanli Zhang
- AgResearch, Grasslands Research Centre, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - James Dunlop
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Julie E. Dalziel
- AgResearch, Grasslands Research Centre, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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98
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Sarles SA, Stiltner LJ, Williams CB, Leo DJ. Bilayer formation between lipid-encased hydrogels contained in solid substrates. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2010; 2:3654-3663. [PMID: 21067200 DOI: 10.1021/am100826s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Solidified biomolecular networks that incorporate liquid-supported lipid bilayers are constructed by attaching lipid-encased, water-swollen hydrogels contained in oil. Poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEG-DMA) and a free-radical photoinitiator are added to an aqueous lipid vesicle solution such that exposure to ultraviolet light results in solidification of neighboring aqueous volumes. Bilayer formation can occur both prior to photopolymerization with the aqueous mixture in the liquid state and after solidification by using the regulated attachment method (RAM) to attach the aqueous volumes contained within a flexible substrate. In addition, photopolymerization of the hydrogels can be performed in a separate mold prior to placement in the supporting substrate. Membranes formed across a wide range of hydrogel concentrations [0-80% (w/v); MW=1000 g/mol PEG-DMA] exhibit high electrical resistances (1-10 GΩ), which enable single-channel recordings of alamethicin channels and show significant durability and longevity. We demonstrate that just as liquid phases can be detached and reattached using RAM, reconfiguration of solid aqueous phases is also possible. The results presented herein demonstrate a step toward constructing nearly solid-state biomolecular materials that retain fluid interfaces for driving molecular assembly. This work also introduces the use of three-dimensional printing to rapidly prototype a molding template used to fabricate polyurethane substrates and to shape individual hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Sarles
- Center for Intelligent Material Systems and Structures (CIMSS), Department of Mechanical Engineering, and Design, Research, and Education for Additive Manufacturing Systems (DREAMS) Laboratory, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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99
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Bally M, Bailey K, Sugihara K, Grieshaber D, Vörös J, Städler B. Liposome and lipid bilayer arrays towards biosensing applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2010; 6:2481-97. [PMID: 20925039 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201000644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive and selective biosensors for high-throughput screening are having an increasing impact in modern medical care. The establishment of robust protein biosensing platforms however remains challenging, especially when membrane proteins are involved. Although this type of proteins is of enormous relevance since they are considered in >60% of the pharmaceutical drug targets, their fragile nature (i.e., the requirement to preserve their natural lipid environment to avoid denaturation and loss of function) puts strong additional prerequisites onto a successful biochip. In this review, the leading approaches to create lipid membrane-based arrays towards the creation of membrane protein biosensing platforms are described. Liposomes assembled in micro- and nanoarrays and the successful set-ups containing functional membrane proteins, as well as the use of liposomes in networks, are discussed in the first part. Then, the complementary approaches to create cell-mimicking supported membrane patches on a substrate in an array format will be addressed. Finally, the progress in assembling free-standing (functional) lipid bilayers over nanopore arrays for ion channel sensing will be reported. This review illustrates the rapid pace by which advances are being made towards the creation of a heterogeneous biochip for the high-throughput screening of membrane proteins for diagnostics, drug screening, or drug discovery purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bally
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
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100
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Nikolelis DP, Hianik T, Nikoleli GP. Stabilized Lipid Films in Electrochemical Biosensors. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201000420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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