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Tietze LF, Singidi RR, Gericke KM. Total Synthesis of the Proposed Structure of the Anthrapyran Metabolite δ-Indomycinone. Chemistry 2007; 13:9939-47. [PMID: 17886848 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of the proposed structure of delta-indomycinone has been accomplished. The key steps involve the Diels-Alder reaction of a bromonaphthoquinone (6) and 1-methoxy-3-methyl-1-trimethylsiloxy-1,3-butadiene (7) to access the anthraquinone skeleton, representing a common building block of other naturally occurring anthraquinone antibiotics, regioselective bromination of anthraquinone (14) and a highly diastereoselective alkylation of enantiomerically pure dioxolanone 8. The reported synthetic approach has the advantage of high yields, excellent selectivity and a remarkable general applicability for the total synthesis of other anthrapyran natural products. The spectroscopic data obtained for the synthetic compounds 2 and 36 are not in agreement with those reported for the natural product, and therefore revision of the assigned structure is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F Tietze
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, Göttingen, Germany.
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52
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Tietze LF, Gericke KM, Schuberth I. Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Anthraquinones and Evaluation of Their Antitumor Activity. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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53
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Sasaki K, Matsumura S, Toshima K. Toward the total synthesis of vineomycin B2: application of an efficient glycosylation methodology using 2,3-unsaturated sugars. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.07.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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54
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Ashburn BO, Carter RG, Zakharov LN. Synthesis of tetra-ortho-substituted, phosphorus-containing and carbonyl-containing biaryls utilizing a Diels-Alder approach. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:9109-16. [PMID: 17602479 DOI: 10.1021/ja071163r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The application of the Diels-Alder approach to biaryls (DAB) is described for the synthesis of tetra-ortho-substituted biaryl compounds containing orthogonally functionalized substituents. The syntheses of phosphorus-containing, disubstituted alkynes and carbonyl-containing, disubstituted alkynes were accomplished in two to three steps from commercially available reagents. Subsequent Diels-Alder cycloadditions with a range of oxygenated dienes yielded the target biaryls. Further functionalization through palladium-couplings is demonstrated on the phosphorus-containing biaryls. In addition, selective manipulation of each of the remaining ortho substituents on the phosphorus-containing biaryls is demonstrated. One of these phosphorus-containing derivatives is utilized as a highly active catalyst for Suzuki coupling. For the carbonyl-containing series, a wide range of dienophile substituents were screened including esters, ketones, and amides. The key Diels-Alder cycloadditions proceeded smoothly with the commercially available 1-methoxy-1,3-cyclohexadiene to yield the resultant tetra-ortho-substituted biaryls with excellent regioselectivity. The scope of the cycloaddition process was also explored on the carbonyl-containing dienophiles with a series of cyclic dienes. Acyclic dienes were also screened; however, they did not prove effective in the Diels-Alder process with the carbonyl-containing acetylenes. The ability to isolate enantiomerically pure biaryl atropisomers using a benzyl oxazolidinone is disclosed. Finally, the subsequent conversion to an axially chiral anilino alcohol is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley O Ashburn
- Department of Chemistry, 153 Gilbert Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
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55
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Ashburn BO, Carter RG. Diels−Alder Approach to Tetra-ortho-Substituted Biaryls Employing Propargylic Tertiary Alcohols as Dienophiles. J Org Chem 2007; 72:10220-3. [PMID: 17602533 DOI: 10.1021/jo070812e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The efficient synthesis of a series of tetra-ortho-substituted biaryls is described utilizing a Diels-Alder reaction between propargylic tertiary alcohols and cyclic oxygenated dienes. The successful resolution of one of the biaryls is achieved through derivatization with menthyl chloroformate followed by crystallization. The menthyl carbamate is cleaved under basic conditions to reveal enantiomerically pure biaryl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley O Ashburn
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
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56
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Naffziger MR, Ashburn BO, Perkins JR, Carter RG. Diels-Alder approach for the construction of halogenated, o-nitro biaryl templates and application to the total synthesis of the anti-HIV agent siamenol. J Org Chem 2007; 72:9857-65. [PMID: 17602532 DOI: 10.1021/jo070740r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A rapid Diels-Alder approach to halogenated biaryl templates is described. These biaryl templates are available in two steps from the corresponding aromatic aldehydes. The scope of subsequent Suzuki couplings on the biaryl chlorides is explored. Good tolerance for both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups in the coupling process can be achieved. Further functionalization of the biaryl templates is described. Hydrogenation of the nitro moiety with concomitant removal of the benzyl ether yields the o-anilino, o-phenolic polyaryls. Selective reduction of the nitro group can be accomplished. Alternatively, the benzyl ether can be selectively removed under Lewis acidic conditions. The utilization of the Diels-Alder adducts for the synthesis of a series of chlorinated carbazoles via the Cadogan cyclization is also demonstrated. Finally, application of this technology to the total synthesis of siamenol, an anti-HIV agent, is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Naffziger
- Department of Chemistry, 153 Gilbert Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
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57
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Total synthesis and stereochemical reassignment of (+)-dolastatin 19, a cytotoxic marine macrolide isolated from Dolabella auricularia. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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58
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Tietze LF, Gericke KM, Singidi RR, Schuberth I. Novel strategies for the synthesis of anthrapyran antibiotics: discovery of a new antitumor agent and total synthesis of (S)-espicufolin. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:1191-200. [PMID: 17406717 DOI: 10.1039/b700838d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two high-yielding strategies for the synthesis of 4H-anthra[1,2-b]pyran antibiotics have been developed giving access to novel antitumor agent (ED(50) 1.5 microm) and to (S)-espicufolin (3). A key step for the assembly of the tetracyclic 4H-anthra[1,2-b]pyran-4,7,12-trione skeleton is the nucleophilic addition of an aryl lithium species onto an aldehyde which allows the introduction of either an ynone or 1,3-diketo side chain, serving as precursors for an acid-catalysed cyclisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F Tietze
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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59
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Paterson I, Findlay AD, Florence GJ. Total synthesis and stereochemical reassignment of (+)-dolastatin 19. Org Lett 2007; 8:2131-4. [PMID: 16671799 DOI: 10.1021/ol060609q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A revised configurational assignment for the cytotoxic marine macrolide dolastatin 19 is proposed and validated by total synthesis. Key features of the route include an asymmetric vinylogous aldol reaction to install the isolated C13 stereocenter and (E)-trisubstituted alkene, two sequential 1,4-syn boron-mediated aldol reactions, and a Mukaiyama glycosylation to append the l-rhamnose-derived pyranoside.
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60
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Paterson I, Florence GJ, Heimann AC, Mackay AC. Stereocontrolled total synthesis of (-)-aurisides A and B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 44:1130-1133. [PMID: 15666414 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200462267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Paterson
- University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK, Fax: (+44) 1223-336-362
| | - Gordon J Florence
- University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK, Fax: (+44) 1223-336-362
| | - Annekatrin C Heimann
- University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK, Fax: (+44) 1223-336-362
| | - Angela C Mackay
- University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK, Fax: (+44) 1223-336-362
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62
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Motoyoshiya J, Masue Y, Nishi Y, Aoyama H. Synthesis of Hypericin via Emodin Anthrone Derived from a Two-fold Diels-Alder Reaction of 1,4-Benzoquinone. Nat Prod Commun 2007. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0700200113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The six-step synthesis of hypericin by the regioselective two-fold Diels-Alder reaction of 1,4-benzoquinone first with (1-methoxy-3-methylbuta-1,3-dienyloxy)trimethylsilane leading to 7-methyljuglone, and next with (1,3-dimethoxybuta-1,3-dienyloxy)trimethylsilane, to give emodin and its O-methylated derivative. The reduction of both compounds with tin(II) chloride in acidic media was accompanied by acid hydrolysis that produced emodin anthrone, whose oxidative dimerization with iron (III) chloride hydrate gave the bianthrone in high yield. The oxidation of the bianthrone in the presence of N-ethyldiisopropylamine gave protohypericin, which was converted into hypericin upon irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Motoyoshiya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Yusuke Masue
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Nishi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Hiromu Aoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
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63
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Landa A, Richter B, Johansen RL, Minkkilä A, Jørgensen KA. Bisoxazoline-Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Direct-Electron Demand oxo-Hetero-Diels−Alder Reactions of N-Oxy-pyridine Aldehyde and Ketone Derivatives. J Org Chem 2006; 72:240-5. [PMID: 17194105 DOI: 10.1021/jo062012u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A general catalytic oxo-hetero-Diels-Alder reaction for pro-chiral aldehyde and ketone N-oxy-pyridines is presented. The catalytic and asymmetric oxo-hetero-Diels-Alder reaction of electron-rich dienes with N-oxy-pyridine-2-carbaldehyde and ketone derivatives, catalyzed by chiral copper(II)-bisoxazoline complexes, gives optically active six-membered oxygen heterocycles in moderate to good yields and with excellent enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Landa
- Danish National Research Foundation: Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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64
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Le Vézouët R, White AJ, Burrows JN, Barrett AG. Synthetic studies on the CDEF ring system of lactonamycin. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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65
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Tietze LF, Singidi RR, Gericke KM. First Enantioselective Total Synthesis and Structure Determination of the Anthrapyran Metabolite γ-Indomycinone. Org Lett 2006; 8:5873-6. [PMID: 17134294 DOI: 10.1021/ol062492b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of (R)-gamma-indomycinone has been achieved which allowed the determination of the configuration of the stereogenic center of natural gamma-indomycinone as (S). The approach stands out for its generality and efficiency. [reaction: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F Tietze
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University, Tammannstrasse 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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66
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Tietze LF, Gericke KM, Güntner C. First Total Synthesis of the Bioactive Anthraquinone Kwanzoquinone C and Related Natural Products by a Diels–Alder Approach. European J Org Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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67
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Tietze LF, Gericke KM, Singidi RR. Enantioselektive Totalsynthese und Strukturaufklärung des antiherpetischen Anthrapyran-Antibiotikums AH-1763 IIa. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200601992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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68
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Tietze LF, Gericke KM, Singidi RR. Enantioselective Total Synthesis and Structure Determination of the Antiherpetic Anthrapyran Antibiotic AH-1763 IIa. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:6990-3. [PMID: 17009355 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200601992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz F Tietze
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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69
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Ashburn BO, Carter RG. Diels–Alder Approach to Polysubstituted Biaryls: Rapid Entry to Tri- and Tetra-ortho-substituted Phosphorus-Containing Biaryls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:6737-41. [PMID: 16977660 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200602683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley O Ashburn
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, OSU, Corvallis, 97331, USA
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70
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Diels–Alder Approach to Polysubstituted Biaryls: Rapid Entry to Tri- and Tetra-ortho-substituted Phosphorus-Containing Biaryls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200602683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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71
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Isolation and identification of anthraquinones of Caloplaca cerina and Cassia tora. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2006. [DOI: 10.2478/s11696-006-0084-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFive hydroxyanthraquinone derivatives physcion, emodin, fallacinal, teloschistin, and 1,3-dimethoxy-8-hydroxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone were isolated from the lichen Caloplaca cerina growing in Serbia. Three anthraquinone derivatives, namely physcion, emodin, and rhein were isolated and identified from the Thai medicinal plant Cassia tora.
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72
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Chai CLL, Elix JA, Moore FKE. Concise Formal Total Synthesis of Hybocarpone and Related Naturally Occurring Naphthazarins. J Org Chem 2005; 71:992-1001. [PMID: 16438511 DOI: 10.1021/jo0519561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A concise formal total synthesis of the cytotoxic bisnaphthazarin derivative hybocarpone has been completed through the development of routes to the synthetic precursor, 3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-5,7,8-trimethoxy-6-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone. The oxidation of 3-ethyl-1,2,4,5,7,8-hexamethoxy-6-methylnaphthalene under Rapoport conditions gave 3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-5,7,8-trimethoxy-6-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone in modest yields after basic hydrolysis. In addition, treatment of 3-ethyl-1,2,4,5,7,8-hexamethoxy-6-methylnaphthalene with boron tribromide provided access to the naturally occurring naphthazarin, boryquinone. The analogous oxidative demethylation of 3,6-dimethyl-1,2,4,5,7,8-hexamethoxynaphthalene and 3-ethyl-1,2,4,5,7,8-hexamethoxynaphthalene resulted in the synthesis of 2,5,7,8-tetrahydroxy-3,6-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (aureoquinone) and 3-ethyl-2,5,7,8-tetrahydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, respectively. An alternative selective synthetic route to 3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-5,7,8-trimethoxy-6-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone was also developed utilizing an intramolecular Claisen condensation of methyl 2-butyryl-3,5,6-trimethoxy-4-methylphenylacetate with concomitant in situ aerial oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L L Chai
- Department of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia.
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73
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Joo Kang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea
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74
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Ohmori K, Tamiya M, Kitamura M, Kato H, Oorui M, Suzuki K. Regio- and Stereocontrolled Total Synthesis of Benanomicin B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:3871-4. [PMID: 15900522 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200501210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Ohmori
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, SORST-JST Agency, 2-12-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
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75
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Ohmori K, Tamiya M, Kitamura M, Kato H, Oorui M, Suzuki K. Regio- and Stereocontrolled Total Synthesis of Benanomicin B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200501210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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76
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Lebrasseur N, Fan GJ, Oxoby M, Looney MA, Quideau S. λ3-Iodane-mediated arenol dearomatization. Synthesis of five-membered ring-containing analogues of the aquayamycin ABC tricyclic unit and novel access to the apoptosis inducer menadione. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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77
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Paterson I, Florence GJ, Heimann AC, Mackay AC. Stereocontrolled Total Synthesis of (−)‐Aurisides A and B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200462267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Paterson
- University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK, Fax: (+44) 1223‐336‐362
| | - Gordon J. Florence
- University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK, Fax: (+44) 1223‐336‐362
| | - Annekatrin C. Heimann
- University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK, Fax: (+44) 1223‐336‐362
| | - Angela C. Mackay
- University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK, Fax: (+44) 1223‐336‐362
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78
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Brummond KM, Hong SP. A Formal Total Synthesis of (−)-FR901483, Using a Tandem Cationic Aza-Cope Rearrangement/Mannich Cyclization Approach. J Org Chem 2004; 70:907-16. [PMID: 15675848 DOI: 10.1021/jo0483567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A formal total synthesis of the immunosuppressant FR901483 has been accomplished. The key step in the synthesis utilizes a tandem cationic aza-Cope rearrangement/Mannich cyclization reaction for accessing the unprecedented bridging tricyclic azaspirane substructure of this compound. The tandem reaction proceeds through a bridgehead iminium ion, a functionality that has rarely been explored in the context of natural product syntheses. Improved stereoselectivity was observed in an aldol reaction when using a Boc-protected amino aldehyde and zinc chloride as an additive. A stereoselective epimerization of the aldehyde-containing stereocenter was achieved with l-phenylalanine upon completion of the Mannich cyclization. Finally, this synthesis is the only one to date that controls the stereochemistry of the oxygen-bearing stereocenters. All other synthetic routes required late stage adjustments to at least one of these stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay M Brummond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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79
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Paterson I, Davies RDM, Heimann AC, Marquez R, Meyer A. Stereocontrolled total synthesis of (-)-callipeltoside A. Org Lett 2004; 5:4477-80. [PMID: 14602029 DOI: 10.1021/ol0357853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[structure: see text] A highly stereocontrolled total synthesis of the cytotoxic macrolide (-)-callipeltoside A has been achieved in 23 steps (4.8% overall). Notable features include a novel asymmetric vinylogous aldol reaction to install the C13 stereocenter and (E)-trisubstituted alkene, an anti-selective aldol addition, a Sonogashira coupling, and, last, a Schmidt-type glycosylation to attach the sugar unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Paterson
- University Chemical Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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80
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Aurilide, a cytotoxic depsipeptide from the sea hare Dolabella auricularia: isolation, structure determination, synthesis, and biological activity. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.06.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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81
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Tapia RA, Salas C, Morello A, Maya JD, Toro-Labbé A. Synthesis of dihydronaphthofurandiones and dihydrofuroquinolinediones with trypanocidal activity and analysis of their stereoelectronic properties. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:2451-8. [PMID: 15080940 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2003] [Accepted: 01/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of dihydronaphthofurandione and dihydrofuroquinolinedione derivatives 4-11 was performed through Diels-Alder reactions of dihydrobenzofurandione 1 with several carbodienes and acrolein N,N-dimethylhydrazone. Then, the use of 5-bromobenzofurandione 2 toward 1,3-pentadiene and the 1-azadiene afforded quinones 6 and 11 with a total regioselectivity. All the prepared quinones were tested for trypanocidal activity in vitro against Trypanosoma epimastigotes, Tulahuen strain. Among the tested compounds, the furoquinolinediones 10 and 11 have shown potent trypanocidal activities but, only the 1,5-regioisomer (11) was found active as a redox cycling agent. Calculation of their stereoelectronic properties by the density-functional theory method provided a new insight for the trypanocidal activity of these heterocyclic quinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A Tapia
- Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22, Chile.
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82
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Caballero E, Alonso D, Peláez R, Alvarez C, Puebla P, Sanz F, Medarde M, Tomé F. 1-Phthalimido-4-(3-indolyl)-2-siloxy-1,3-butadienes: synthesis and Diels–Alder reactivity. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.12.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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83
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Wu TS, Lin DM, Shi LS, Damu AG, Kuo PC, Kuo YH. Cytotoxic anthraquinones from the stems of Rubia wallichiana Decne. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2003; 51:948-50. [PMID: 12913233 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.51.948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
From the stems of Rubia wallichiana DECNE, thirty-four structurally related compounds were isolated and identified. Three of them, namely rubiawallin-A (1), -B (2), and -C (3), constitute the first report of their occurrence from the natural source. Their structures were determined by comprehensive analyses of their 1D and 2D NMR, and electron impact (EI) mass spectral data. Furthermore, an in vitro screening of cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds was also evaluated. Among the testing compounds, 1-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-3-methoxyanthraquinone (4) demonstrated most effective cytotoxicity towards Hepa-3B and Colo-205 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Shung Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.
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84
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Barker D, Brimble MA, Do P, Turner P. Addition of silyloxydienes to 2,6-dibromo-1,4-benzoquinone: an approach to highly oxygenated bromonaphthoquinones for the synthesis of thysanone. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)00291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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85
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Bringmann G, Menche D, Kraus J, Mühlbacher J, Peters K, Peters EM, Brun R, Bezabih M, Abegaz BM. Atropo-enantioselective total synthesis of knipholone and related antiplasmodial phenylanthraquinones. J Org Chem 2002; 67:5595-610. [PMID: 12153257 DOI: 10.1021/jo020189s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The "lactone concept" has been efficiently employed for the first atropo-enantioselective synthesis of knipholone and related natural phenylanthraquinones. Besides the regio- and stereoselective construction of the biaryl axis, another important step was the "synthetically late" introduction of the C-acetyl group, either by a Friedel-Crafts type acetylation or by an ortho-selective Fries rearrangement first tested on simplified model systems and subsequently applied to the highly atroposelective preparation of the natural products and of simplified analogs thereof for biotesting. The synthetic availability of these natural biaryls, their precursors, and their unnatural analogs permitted a broader investigation of the antiplasmodial activities of these interesting biaryls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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86
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Kuo YH, Lee PH, Wein YS. Four new compounds from the seeds of Cassia fistula. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2002; 65:1165-1167. [PMID: 12193023 DOI: 10.1021/np020003k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Four new compounds, 5-(2-hydroxyphenoxymethyl)furfural (1), (2'S)-7-hydroxy-5- hydroxymethyl-2-(2'-hydroxypropyl)chromone (2), benzyl 2-hydroxy-3,6-dimethoxybenzoate (3), and benzyl 2beta-O-D-glucopyranosyl-3,6-dimethoxybenzoate (4), together with four known compounds, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, (2'S)-7-hydroxy-2-(2'-hydroxypropyl)-5-methylchromone, and two oxyanthraquinones, chrysophanol and chrysophanein, were isolated and identified from the seeds of Cassia fistula. The structures of 1-4 were determined on the basis of spectral data explanation, and the synthesis of compound 1 was carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China.
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87
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88
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Chai CL, Elix JA, Moore FK. An expedient and efficient synthetic route to some naturally occurring polyfunctional naphthazarins. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)01940-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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89
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Tapia RA, Alegrı́a L, Valderrama JA, Cortés M, Pautet F, Fillion H. A Diels–Alder strategy towards a benzonaphthopyranoquinone. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)02150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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90
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Kelly TR, Fu Y, Sieglen JT, De Silva H. Synthesis of an orange anthrathiophene pigment isolated from a Japanese bryozoan. Org Lett 2000; 2:2351-2. [PMID: 10930281 DOI: 10.1021/ol006127a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A short, regiospecific synthesis of the naturally occurring anthrathiophene 1 from naphthazarin (7) is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Kelly
- E. F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA.
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91
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Krohn K, Bernhard S, Flörke U, Hayat N. Biomimetic-type synthesis of benzo[a]naphthacenequinones related to pradimicinone. J Org Chem 2000; 65:3218-22. [PMID: 10814219 DOI: 10.1021/jo9918089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Krohn
- Universität Paderborn, FB Chemie und Chemietechnik, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany.
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92
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Kesteleyn B, De Kimpe N. Synthesis of two naphthoquinone antibiotics, dehydroherbarin and 6-deoxybostrycoidin. J Org Chem 2000; 65:640-4. [PMID: 10813991 DOI: 10.1021/jo990676g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of two naphthoquinone antibiotics, dehydroherbarin (7) and 6-deoxybostrycoidin (5), was accomplished by reaction of 3-acetonyl-2-bromomethyl-6,8-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (23) with either triethylamine or ammonia, respectively. This is the first report on their synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kesteleyn
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, University of Gent, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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93
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B. Smith, III A, Pérez Sestelo J, G. Dormer P. A Highly Efficient Synthetic Route to (-)-Furaquinocin C. HETEROCYCLES 2000. [DOI: 10.3987/com-99-s143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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94
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95
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A concise total synthesis of (±)-A80915G, a member of the napyradiomycin family of antibiotics. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)01553-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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96
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Kitamura M, Ohmori K, Kawase T, Suzuki K. Totalsynthese von Pradimicinon, dem gemeinsamen Aglycon der Pradimicin/Benanomicin-Antibiotika. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19990503)111:9<1308::aid-ange1308>3.0.co;2-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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97
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Loebach JL, Bennett DM, Danheiser RL. (Trialkylsilyl)vinylketenes: Synthesis and Application as Diene Components in Diels−Alder Cycloadditions. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo981289u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Loebach
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Dawn M. Bennett
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Rick L. Danheiser
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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98
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Bringmann G, Götz R, Keller PA, Walter R, Boyd MR, Lang F, Garcia A, Walsh JJ, Tellitu I, Bhaskar KV, Kelly TR. A Convergent Total Synthesis of the Michellamines. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo971495m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, National Cancer Institute, Building 1052, Room 121, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, and Department of Chemistry, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167-3860
| | - Roland Götz
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, National Cancer Institute, Building 1052, Room 121, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, and Department of Chemistry, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167-3860
| | - Paul A. Keller
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, National Cancer Institute, Building 1052, Room 121, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, and Department of Chemistry, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167-3860
| | - Rainer Walter
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, National Cancer Institute, Building 1052, Room 121, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, and Department of Chemistry, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167-3860
| | - Michael R. Boyd
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, National Cancer Institute, Building 1052, Room 121, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, and Department of Chemistry, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167-3860
| | - Fengrui Lang
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, National Cancer Institute, Building 1052, Room 121, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, and Department of Chemistry, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167-3860
| | - Alberto Garcia
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, National Cancer Institute, Building 1052, Room 121, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, and Department of Chemistry, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167-3860
| | - John J. Walsh
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, National Cancer Institute, Building 1052, Room 121, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, and Department of Chemistry, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167-3860
| | - Imanol Tellitu
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, National Cancer Institute, Building 1052, Room 121, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, and Department of Chemistry, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167-3860
| | - K. Vijaya Bhaskar
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, National Cancer Institute, Building 1052, Room 121, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, and Department of Chemistry, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167-3860
| | - T. Ross Kelly
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Laboratory of Drug Discovery Research and Development, National Cancer Institute, Building 1052, Room 121, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, and Department of Chemistry, Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02167-3860
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99
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Brimble MA, Elliott RJ. Addition of silyloxydienes to 2-substituted 1,4-benzoquinones and 1,4-naphthoquinones. Tetrahedron 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(97)00436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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100
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Abstract
The synthesis of angularly fused quinone natural products has been achieved using a photoenolization reaction and a Diels-Alder reaction in the key carbon-carbon bond forming steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A. Kraus
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011
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