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Zhang J, Wang S, Guo X, Lu Y, Liu X, Jiang M, Li X, Qin B, Luo Z, Liu H, Li Q, Du YZ, Luo L, You J. Arginine Supplementation Targeting Tumor-Killing Immune Cells Reconstructs the Tumor Microenvironment and Enhances the Antitumor Immune Response. ACS NANO 2022; 16:12964-12978. [PMID: 35968927 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by several immunosuppressive factors, of which weak acidity and l-arginine (l-arg) deficiency are two common features. A weak acidic environment threatens the survival of immune cells, and insufficient l-arg will severely restrain the effect of antitumor immune responses, both of which affect the efficiency of cancer treatments (especially immunotherapy). Meanwhile, l-arg is essential for tumor progression. Thus, two strategies, l-arg supplementation and l-arg deprivation, are developed for cancer treatment. However, these strategies have the potential risk of promoting tumor growth and impairing immune responses, which might lead to a paradoxical therapeutic effect. It is optimal to limit the l-arg availability of tumor cells from the microenvironment while supplying l-arg for immune cells. In this study, we designed a multivesicular liposome technology to continuously supply alkaline l-arg, which simultaneously changed the acidity and l-arg deficiency in the TME, and by selectively knocking down the CAT-2 transporter, l-arg starvation of tumors was maintained while tumor-killing immune cells were enriched in the TME. The results showed that our strategy promoted the infiltration and activation of CD8+ T cells in tumor, increased the proportion of M1 macrophages, inhibited melanoma growth, and prolonged survival. In combination with anti-PD-1 antibody, our strategy reversed the low tumor response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy, showing a synergistic antitumor effect. Our work provided a reference for improving the TME combined with regulating nutritional competitiveness to achieve the sensitization of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Sijie Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Xuemeng Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yichao Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Xu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Mengshi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Bing Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qingpo Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
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Sunil V, Teoh JH, Mohan BC, Mozhi A, Wang CH. Bioengineered immunomodulatory organelle targeted nanozymes for photodynamic immunometabolic therapy. J Control Release 2022; 350:215-227. [PMID: 35987351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Intelligent nanomedicines integrated with stimuli-responsive components enable on-demand customizable treatment options which would improve therapeutic outcome and reduce systemic toxicity. In this work, we explore the synergistic therapeutic potential of photodynamic therapy and immunometabolic modulation to achieve tumour regression and to trigger an adaptive immunity to prevent tumour recurrence. The therapeutic potential of the fabricated Bioengineered Immunomodulatory Organelle targeted Nanozymes (BIONs) was tested on 3D printed mini-brains which could effectively recapitulate the biologically relevant interactions between glioblastoma cells and macrophages. In the presence of glioblastoma organotypic brain slices, activated BIONs upregulated the cell surface expression of CD86, a costimulatory molecule and CD83, maturation marker, on monocyte derived dendritic cells, suggesting its ability to elicit a strong immune response. Furthermore, the antigen pulsed dendritic cells by chemotaxis and transendothelial migration readily relocate into the draining lymph node where they present the antigenic cargo to enable the proliferation of T lymphocytes. The stealth and tunable catalytic activity of BIONs prevent ROS mediated diseases such as acute kidney injury by providing environment dependent protection without compromising on its promising anti-cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Sunil
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Jia Heng Teoh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Babu Cadiam Mohan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Anbu Mozhi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Chi-Hwa Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
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Cancer immune therapy using engineered ‛tail-flipping' nanoliposomes targeting alternatively activated macrophages. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4548. [PMID: 35927238 PMCID: PMC9352736 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32091-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternatively-activated, M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) strongly contribute to tumor growth, invasiveness and metastasis. Technologies to disable the pro-tumorigenic function of these TAMs are of high interest to immunotherapy research. Here we show that by designing engineered nanoliposomes bio-mimicking peroxidated phospholipids that are recognised and internalised by scavenger receptors, TAMs can be targeted. Incorporation of phospholipids possessing a terminal carboxylate group at the sn-2 position into nanoliposome bilayers drives their uptake by M2 macrophages with high specificity. Molecular dynamics simulation of the lipid bilayer predicts flipping of the sn-2 tail towards the aqueous phase, while molecular docking data indicates interaction of the tail with Scavenger Receptor Class B type 1 (SR-B1). In vivo, the engineered nanoliposomes are distributed specifically to M2-like macrophages and, upon delivery of the STAT6 inhibitor (AS1517499), zoledronic acid or muramyl tripeptide, these cells promote reduction of the premetastatic niche and/or tumor growth. Altogether, we demonstrate the efficiency and versatility of our engineered “tail-flipping” nanoliposomes in a pre-clinical model, which paves the way to their development as cancer immunotherapeutics in humans. Tumor-associated macrophages are mostly pro-tumorigenic, due to their re-programming by the tumor microenvironment. Here authors show that nanoliposomes, incorporating phospholipids with a flipping-tail chain, are engulfed specifically by intratumoral, alternatively activated macrophages, while delivering a cargo that converts these cells into anti-tumor macrophages.
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Chen W, He C, Qiao N, Guo Z, Hu S, Song Y, Wang H, Zhang Z, Ke B, Sun X. Dual drugs decorated bacteria irradiate deep hypoxic tumor and arouse strong immune responses. Biomaterials 2022; 286:121582. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Gao W, Wang X, Zhou Y, Wang X, Yu Y. Autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis in tumor immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:196. [PMID: 35725836 PMCID: PMC9208265 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 151.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led to unprecedented breakthroughs in cancer treatment. However, the fact that many tumors respond poorly or even not to ICIs, partly caused by the absence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), significantly limits the application of ICIs. Converting these immune “cold” tumors into “hot” tumors that may respond to ICIs is an unsolved question in cancer immunotherapy. Since it is a general characteristic of cancers to resist apoptosis, induction of non-apoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) is emerging as a new cancer treatment strategy. Recently, several studies have revealed the interaction between non-apoptotic RCD and antitumor immunity. Specifically, autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis exhibit synergistic antitumor immune responses while possibly exerting inhibitory effects on antitumor immune responses. Thus, targeted therapies (inducers or inhibitors) against autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis in combination with immunotherapy may exert potent antitumor activity, even in tumors resistant to ICIs. This review summarizes the multilevel relationship between antitumor immunity and non-apoptotic RCD, including autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, and the potential targeting application of non-apoptotic RCD to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitong Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xueqian Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Zhang J, Song L, Jia J, Tian W, Lai R, Zhang Z, Li J, Ju J, Xu H. Knowledge Mapping of Necroptosis From 2012 to 2021: A Bibliometric Analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:917155. [PMID: 35769473 PMCID: PMC9234124 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.917155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundNecroptosis, a recently discovered programmed cell death, has been pathologically linked to various diseases and is thus a promising target for treating diseases. However, a comprehensive and objective report on the current status of entire necroptosis research is lacking. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis to quantify and identify the status quo and trending issues of necroptosis research in the last decade.MethodsArticles were acquired from the Web of Science Core Collection database. We used two bibliometric tools (CiteSpace and VOSviewer) to quantify and identify the individual impact and cooperation information by analyzing annual publications, journals, co-cited journals, countries/regions, institutions, authors, and co-cited authors. Afterwards, we identified the trending research areas of necroptosis by analyzing the co-occurrence and burst of keywords and co-cited references.ResultsFrom 2012 to 2021, a total of 3,111 research articles on necroptosis were published in 786 academic journals by 19,687 authors in 885 institutions from 82 countries/regions. The majority of publications were from China and the United States, of which the United States maintained the dominant position in necroptosis research; meanwhile, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ghent University were the most active institutions. Peter Vandenabeele published the most papers, while Alexei Degterev had the most co-citations. Cell Death & Disease published the most papers on necroptosis, while Cell was the top 1 co-cited journal, and the major area of these publications was molecular, biology, and immunology. High-frequency keywords mainly included those that are molecularly related (MLKL, TNF-alpha, NF-κB, RIPK3, RIPK1), pathological process related (cell-death, apoptosis, necroptosis, necrosis, inflammation), and disease related (cancer, ischemia/reperfusion injury, infection, carcinoma, Alzheimer’s disease).ConclusionNecroptosis research had a stable stepwise growth in the past decade. Current necroptosis studies focused on its cross-talk with other types of cell death, potential applications in disease treatment, and further mechanisms. Among them, the synergy with ferroptosis, further RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL studies, its association with inflammation and oxidative stress and translational applications, and the therapeutic potential to treat cancer and neurodegenerative diseases are the trending research area. These might provide ideas for further research in the necroptosis field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Luxia Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jundi Jia
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wende Tian
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Runmin Lai
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingen Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jingen Li, ; Jianqing Ju, ; Hao Xu,
| | - Jianqing Ju
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jingen Li, ; Jianqing Ju, ; Hao Xu,
| | - Hao Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jingen Li, ; Jianqing Ju, ; Hao Xu,
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Li Z, Lai X, Fu S, Ren L, Cai H, Zhang H, Gu Z, Ma X, Luo K. Immunogenic Cell Death Activates the Tumor Immune Microenvironment to Boost the Immunotherapy Efficiency. ADVANCED SCIENCE 2022; 9:e2201734. [PMID: 35652198 PMCID: PMC9353475 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy is only effective in a fraction of patients due to a low response rate and severe side effects, and these challenges of immunotherapy in clinics can be addressed through induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD). ICD is elicited from many antitumor therapies to release danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and tumor‐associated antigens to facilitate maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). The process can reverse the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment to improve the sensitivity of immunotherapy. Nanostructure‐based drug delivery systems (NDDSs) are explored to induce ICD by incorporating therapeutic molecules for chemotherapy, photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal conversion agents for photothermal therapy (PTT), and radiosensitizers for radiotherapy (RT). These NDDSs can release loaded agents at a right dose in the right place at the right time, resulting in greater effectiveness and lower toxicity. Immunotherapeutic agents can also be combined with these NDDSs to achieve the synergic antitumor effect in a multi‐modality therapeutic approach. In this review, NDDSs are harnessed to load multiple agents to induce ICD by chemotherapy, PDT, PTT, and RT in combination of immunotherapy to promote the therapeutic effect and reduce side effects associated with cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Li
- Department of Biotherapy Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Day Surgery Center Department of Radiology Cancer Center Research Core Facilities of West China Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Frontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular Network State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xiaoqin Lai
- Department of Biotherapy Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Day Surgery Center Department of Radiology Cancer Center Research Core Facilities of West China Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Frontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular Network State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Shiqin Fu
- Department of Biotherapy Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Day Surgery Center Department of Radiology Cancer Center Research Core Facilities of West China Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Frontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular Network State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Long Ren
- Department of Biotherapy Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Day Surgery Center Department of Radiology Cancer Center Research Core Facilities of West China Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Frontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular Network State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Hao Cai
- Department of Biotherapy Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Day Surgery Center Department of Radiology Cancer Center Research Core Facilities of West China Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Frontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular Network State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Day Surgery Center Department of Radiology Cancer Center Research Core Facilities of West China Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Frontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular Network State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
- Amgen Bioprocessing Centre Keck Graduate Institute Claremont CA 91711 USA
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- Department of Biotherapy Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Day Surgery Center Department of Radiology Cancer Center Research Core Facilities of West China Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Frontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular Network State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Department of Biotherapy Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Day Surgery Center Department of Radiology Cancer Center Research Core Facilities of West China Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Frontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular Network State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Kui Luo
- Department of Biotherapy Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) Day Surgery Center Department of Radiology Cancer Center Research Core Facilities of West China Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Frontiers Science Center for Disease‐Related Molecular Network State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Research Unit of Psychoradiology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Chengdu 610041 China
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Zheng Y, Han Y, Sun Q, Li Z. Harnessing anti-tumor and tumor-tropism functions of macrophages via nanotechnology for tumor immunotherapy. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2022; 2:20210166. [PMID: 37323705 PMCID: PMC10190945 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reprogramming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by modulating macrophages holds great promise in tumor immunotherapy. As a class of professional phagocytes and antigen-presenting cells in the innate immune system, macrophages can not only directly engulf and clear tumor cells, but also play roles in presenting tumor-specific antigen to initiate adaptive immunity. However, the tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) usually display tumor-supportive M2 phenotype rather than anti-tumor M1 phenotype. They can support tumor cells to escape immunological surveillance, aggravate tumor progression, and impede tumor-specific T cell immunity. Although many TAMs-modulating agents have shown great success in therapy of multiple tumors, they face enormous challenges including poor tumor accumulation and off-target side effects. An alternative solution is the use of advanced nanostructures, which not only can deliver TAMs-modulating agents to augment therapeutic efficacy, but also can directly serve as modulators of TAMs. Another important strategy is the exploitation of macrophages and macrophage-derived components as tumor-targeting delivery vehicles. Herein, we summarize the recent advances in targeting and engineering macrophages for tumor immunotherapy, including (1) direct and indirect effects of macrophages on the augmentation of immunotherapy and (2) strategies for engineering macrophage-based drug carriers. The existing perspectives and challenges of macrophage-based tumor immunotherapies are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Zheng
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear MedicineState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Yaobao Han
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear MedicineState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Qiao Sun
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear MedicineState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zhen Li
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear MedicineState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSchool for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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Macrophage-targeted shikonin-loaded nanogels for modulation of inflammasome activation. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2022; 42:102548. [PMID: 35301158 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the formulation and delivery of hyaluronic acid-Zein (HA-Zein) nanogels loaded with Shikonin (SK) to selectively attenuate macrophage inflammasome. The self-assembled nanogels, produced by nanoprecipitation, exhibited high encapsulation efficiency, and were selectively internalized by human THP-1-derived macrophages without eliciting cytotoxic responses. Cell treatment with HA-Zein-SK nanogels before stimulation with LPS and Nigericin significantly suppressed caspase-1 activation and IL-1β production, indicating inflammasome inhibition. Importantly, HA-Zein-SK nanogels bioinstructed inflammasome activated macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory CD163highHLA-DRlow phenotype and led to a marked reduction in the release of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6 and IP-10). Extracellular metabolic profiling additionally revealed SK-mediated downregulation of cellular glycolytic activity, which was corroborated by a significant decrease of glycolytic genes transcription. All in all, our findings demonstrate the potential of bioactive SK-containing, self-assembled nanogels to modulate exacerbated responses in innate immune cells and, prospectively, in human tissues where NRLP3 inflammasome is abnormally activated upon injury or disease.
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Zhou Z, Liang H, Yang R, Yang Y, Dong J, Di Y, Sun M. Glutathione Depletion-Induced Activation of Dimersomes for Potentiating the Ferroptosis and Immunotherapy of "Cold" Tumor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202843. [PMID: 35238124 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The abundant glutathione (GSH) in "cold" tumors weakens ferroptosis therapy and the immune response. Inspired by lipids, we fabricated cinnamaldehyde dimers (CDC) into lipid-like materials to form dimersomes capable of depleting GSH and delivering therapeutics to potentiate the ferroptosis and immunotherapy of breast cancer. The dimersomes exhibited superior storage stability for over one year. After reaching the tumor, they quickly underwent breakage in the cytosol owing to the conjugation of hydrophilic GSH on CDC by Michael addition, which not only triggered the drug release and fluorescence switch "ON", but also led to the depletion of intracellular GSH. Ferroptosis was significantly enhanced after combination with sorafenib (SRF) and elicited a robust immune response in vivo by promoting the maturation of dendritic cells and the priming of CD8+ T cells. As a result, the CDC@SRF dimersomes cured breast cancer in all the mice after four doses of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwei Zhou
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Huan Liang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ruoxi Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ying Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jingwen Dong
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yongxiang Di
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Minjie Sun
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
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Zheng X, Liu Y, Liu Y, Zhang T, Zhao Y, Zang J, Yang Y, He R, Chong G, Ruan S, Xu D, Li Y, Dong H. Dual Closed-Loop of Catalyzed Lactate Depletion and Immune Response to Potentiate Photothermal Immunotherapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:23260-23276. [PMID: 35578899 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lactate accumulation in the solid tumor is highly relevant to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Targeting lactate metabolism significantly enhances the efficacy of immunotherapy. However, lactate depletion by lactate oxidase (LOX) consumes oxygen and results in the aggravated hypoxia situation, counteracting the benefit of lactate depletion. Beyond the TME regulation, it is necessary to initiate the effective immunity cycle for therapeutic purposes. In this fashion, dual close-loop of catalyzed lactate depletion and immune response by a rational material design are established to address this issue. Here, we constructed PEG-modified mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles with Cu2+ chelation and LOX encapsulation (denoted as mCuLP). After mCuLP nanosystems targeting into the tumor sites, released LOX consumes lactate to H2O2. Subsequently, the produced H2O2 is further catalyzed by Cu2+-chelated mPDA to produce oxygen, supplying the oxygen source for the closed-loop of lactate depletion. Meanwhile, the mild PTT caused by the photothermal mPDA induces ICD of tumor cells to promote DC maturation and then T lymphocyte infiltration to kill tumor cells, which forms another closed-loop for cancer immunity. Therefore, this dual closed-loop strategy of mCuLP nanosystems effectively inhibits tumor growth, providing a promising treatment modality to cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yiqiong Liu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuge Zhao
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ruiqing He
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Gaowei Chong
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shuangrong Ruan
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Dailin Xu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yongyong Li
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Haiqing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, P. R. China
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Wei J, Wu D, Zhao S, Shao Y, Xia Y, Ni D, Qiu X, Zhang J, Chen J, Meng F, Zhong Z. Immunotherapy of Malignant Glioma by Noninvasive Administration of TLR9 Agonist CpG Nano-Immunoadjuvant. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103689. [PMID: 35253404 PMCID: PMC9069387 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy with toll like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist CpG ODN offers an emergent strategy to treat life-threatening malignant glioma. CpG is typically applied invasively by intracranial and intrathecal administration which induces not only poor compliance and lessened potency but also possibly strong adverse effects and immunotoxicity. Here, it is reported that immunotherapy of murine LCPN glioma is greatly boosted by polymersome-steered intravenous and intranasal brain delivery of CpG. CpG is efficiently loaded in apolipoprotein E peptide-directed polymersomes to give blood-brain barrier permeable and glioma and cervical lymph node-homing CpG nano-immunoadjuvant (t-NanoCpG) which strongly stimulates the maturation of dendritic cells, antigen cross-presentation, and production of proinflammatory cytokines in vivo. Intriguingly, both intravenous and intranasal administration of t-NanoCpG brings about significant survival benefits in murine LCPN glioma-bearing mice while free CpG and nontargeted CpG nano-immunoadjuvant (NanoCpG) afford modest therapeutic effects. Moreover, combination of t-NanoCpG with radiotherapy further boosts the immunotherapeutic effects leading to more improved survival rate of mice. This intelligent brain-permeable nano-immunoadjuvant provides a new, minimally invasive and highly potent strategy for immunotherapy of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wei
- Biomedical Polymers LaboratoryCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciencesand State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Songsong Zhao
- Biomedical Polymers LaboratoryCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciencesand State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Yu Shao
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences (IBMS)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Yifeng Xia
- Biomedical Polymers LaboratoryCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciencesand State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Dawei Ni
- Biomedical Polymers LaboratoryCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciencesand State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Xinyun Qiu
- Biomedical Polymers LaboratoryCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciencesand State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Jinping Zhang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences (IBMS)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, BeijingResearch Unit of Medical NeurobiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU003)Beijing102206P. R. China
| | - Fenghua Meng
- Biomedical Polymers LaboratoryCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciencesand State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- Biomedical Polymers LaboratoryCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciencesand State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
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Tu B, Gao Y, Sun F, Shi M, Huang Y. Lipid Metabolism Regulation Based on Nanotechnology for Enhancement of Tumor Immunity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:840440. [PMID: 35392570 PMCID: PMC8980325 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.840440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The hallmarks of cancer include dysregulated metabolism and immune evasion. As a basic way of metabolism, lipid metabolism is reprogrammed for the rapid energy and nutrient supply in the occurrence and development of tumors. Lipid metabolism alterations that occur in the tumor microenvironment (TME) affect the antitumor responses of immune cells and cause immune evasion. Therefore, targeting lipid metabolism in the TME for enhancing the antitumor effect of immune cells is a promising direction for cancer treatment. Cancer nanomedicine has great potential in regulating tumor metabolism and tumor immunity. This review summarizes the nanotechnology-based strategies for lipid metabolism regulation in the TME for enhanced anticancer immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanrong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingjie Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM, CAS, Zhongshan, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Shanghai, China.,School of Advanced Study, Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Product, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
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64
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He Y, Fang Y, Zhang M, Zhao Y, Tu B, Shi M, Muhitdinov B, Asrorov A, Xu Q, Huang Y. Remodeling “cold” tumor immune microenvironment via epigenetic-based therapy using targeted liposomes with in situ formed albumin corona. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:2057-2073. [PMID: 35847495 PMCID: PMC9279642 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a close connection between epigenetic regulation, cancer metabolism, and immunology. The combination of epigenetic therapy and immunotherapy provides a promising avenue for cancer management. As an epigenetic regulator of histone acetylation, panobinostat can induce histone acetylation and inhibit tumor cell proliferation, as well as regulate aerobic glycolysis and reprogram intratumoral immune cells. JQ1 is a BRD4 inhibitor that can suppress PD-L1 expression. Herein, we proposed a chemo-free, epigenetic-based combination therapy of panobinostat/JQ1 for metastatic colorectal cancer. A novel targeted binary-drug liposome was developed based on lactoferrin-mediated binding with the LRP-1 receptor. It was found that the tumor-targeted delivery was further enhanced by in situ formation of albumin corona. The lactoferrin modification and endogenous albumin adsorption contribute a dual-targeting effect on the receptors of both LRP-1 and SPARC that were overexpressed in tumor cells and immune cells (e.g., tumor-associated macrophages). The targeted liposomal therapy was effective to suppress the crosstalk between tumor metabolism and immune evasion via glycolysis inhibition and immune normalization. Consequently, lactic acid production was reduced and angiogenesis inhibited; TAM switched to an anti-tumor phenotype, and the anti-tumor function of the effector CD8+ T cells was reinforced. The strategy provides a potential method for remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME).
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Zhou Z, Liang H, Yang R, Yang Y, Dong J, Di Y, Sun M. Glutathione Depletion‐Induced Activation of Dimersomes for Potentiating the Ferroptosis and Immunotherapy of “Cold” Tumor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwei Zhou
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Huan Liang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Ruoxi Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Ying Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Jingwen Dong
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yongxiang Di
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Minjie Sun
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 China
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66
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Zhang J, Yin Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Su W, Ma H, Jia F, Zhao G, Wang H. Suppression of Energy Metabolism in Cancer Cells with Nutrient-Sensing Nanodrugs. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:2514-2520. [PMID: 35285648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled growth of tumor cells is highly dependent on the energy metabolism. Fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) is a low-calorie, low-protein, low-sugar diet representing a promising strategy for cancer treatment. However, triglyceride stored in adipose tissue is hydrolyzed into free fatty acids and glycerol for energy supply during FMD treatment. Herein, we design a nutrient-sensing nanodrug, VFETX, which is self-assembled with vitamin B1 (VB1), ferrous ions, and etomoxir (ETX). FMD treatment upregulate the expression of VB1 transporters on tumor cells, thereby increasing cellular uptake and tumor accumulation of VFETX. Importantly, treatments of VFETX and FMD synergistically inhibit the energy metabolism in tumor cells and subsequently markedly enhance cytotoxicity of ETX. As a result, VFETX nanodrugs efficiently inhibit the growth of two tumor models in vivo without obvious side effects. This study demonstrates the potential of FMD-assisted nutrient-sensing nanodrugs for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yue Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jingran Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Wen Su
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Haixia Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Fuhao Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guangjiu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Hai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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67
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Gayer FA, Fichtner A, Legler TJ, Reichardt HM. A Coculture Model Mimicking the Tumor Microenvironment Unveils Mutual Interactions between Immune Cell Subtypes and the Human Seminoma Cell Line TCam-2. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050885. [PMID: 35269507 PMCID: PMC8909655 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC) is the most common type of cancer in young men. Seminomas account for around half of them and are characterized by a pronounced infiltration of immune cells. So far, the impact of the tumor microenvironment (TME) on disease progression, especially the interaction of individual immune cell subtypes with the tumor cells, remains unclear. To address this question, we used an in vitro TME model involving the seminoma-derived cell line Tcam-2 and immune cell subsets purified from human peripheral blood. T cells and monocytes were strongly activated when individually cocultured with Tcam-2 cells as revealed by increased expression of activation markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines both on the mRNA and protein level. Importantly, the interaction between tumor and immune cells was mutual. Gene expression of pluripotency markers as well as markers of proliferation and cell cycle activity were upregulated in Tcam-2 cells in cocultures with T cells, whereas gene expression of SOX17, a marker for seminomas, was unaltered. Interestingly, the impact of monocytes on gene expression of Tcam-2 cells was less pronounced, indicating that the effects of individual immune cell subsets on tumor cells in the TME are highly specific. Collectively, our data indicate that seminoma cells induce immune cell activation and thereby generate a strong pro-inflammatory milieu, whereas T cells conversely increase the proliferation, metastatic potential, and stemness of tumor cells. Although the employed model does not fully mimic the physiological situation found in TGCC in vivo, it provides new insights potentially explaining the connection between inflammatory infiltrates in seminomas and their tendency to burn out and metastasize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian A. Gayer
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany;
- Clinic of Urology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Fichtner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Tobias J. Legler
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Holger M. Reichardt
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-551-39-63365
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68
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Yang X, Zhao M, Wu Z, Chen C, Zhang Y, Wang L, Guo Q, Wang Q, Liang S, Hu S, Duan Y, Sun Y. Nano-ultrasonic Contrast Agent for Chemoimmunotherapy of Breast Cancer by Immune Metabolism Reprogramming and Tumor Autophagy. ACS NANO 2022; 16:3417-3431. [PMID: 35156370 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The functional status of innate immune cells is a considerable determinant of effective antitumor immune response. However, the triple-negative breast cancer tumor microenvironment with high lactic acid metabolism and high antioxidant levels limits immune cell survival, differentiation, and function. Here, we determine that the tumor microenvironment-responsive nano-ultrasonic contrast agent Pt(IV)/CQ/PFH NPs-DPPA-1 boosts the ratio of mature dendritic cells (mDCs) and proinflammatory macrophages by reprogramming the metabolism of immature DCs (iDCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Specifically, platinum(IV) in cancer cells or iDCs was reduced to cisplatin, which can increase the intracellular content of ROS and therefore enhance the ratio of mDCs and apoptotic tumor cells. Meanwhile, chloroquine (CQ) released from nanoparticles (NPs) minimizes protective autophagy caused by cisplatin in tumor cells and reprograms the metabolism of TAMs to enhance the proportion of proinflammatory macrophages, achieving a superior synergistic effect of chemoimmunotherapy combined with Pt(IV) and anti-PD-L1 peptide (DPPA-1). Furthermore, perfluorohexane (PFH) in NPs realizes monitoring treatment corresponding to ultrasound. Collectively, the nano-ultrasonic contrast agent supports a candidate for monitoring treatment and augmenting antitumor chemoimmunotherapy by suppressing tumor cell autophagy and reprogramming immunocyte metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xupeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhihua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chuanrong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Quan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shunshun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Suxian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yourong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Wang Y, Chen B, He Z, Tu B, Zhao P, Wang H, Asrorov A, Muhitdinov B, Jiang J, Huang Y. Nanotherapeutic macrophage-based immunotherapy for the peritoneal carcinomatosis of lung cancer. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:2304-2315. [PMID: 35083479 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06518a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the top cause of cancer mortality in the world. Distant metastasis leads to high mortality. Abdominal metastasis of lung cancer is characterized by very poor prognosis and the median survival time is usually less than two months. Therefore, it is of clinical significance to develop a new effective method for the treatment of abdominal metastasis of lung cancer. Cell therapy has promoted the development of new technology and strategy in oncology. Macrophages, as an important component of solid tumors, have also attracted great attention as a promising strategy of cell therapy in oncology. However, the reinfusion of autologous macrophages would be easily "re-educated" by the tumor microenvironment into a phenotype that promotes tumor development. This work developed a potential therapy using celastrol nanoparticle-containing M1-like macrophages (NP@M1) as a combinatory therapeutic system. M1-like macrophages (M1Φ) not only can serve as a drug delivery carrier for celastrol but also as a biotherapeutic agent. In turn, the celastrol nanoparticles (NPs) can maintain an anticancer polarized status of M1Φ, and subsequently, the exocytosed NPs can also execute the tumor cell-killing effect. Such a system thus provides a "two-birds-one-stone" therapeutic strategy and a proof of concept for the currently incurable abdominal metastasis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM, CAS, Zhongshan 528437, China.
| | - Binfan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhidi He
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650118, P.R. China
| | - Bin Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM, CAS, Zhongshan 528437, China.
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Akmal Asrorov
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Bahtiyor Muhitdinov
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Jizong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM, CAS, Zhongshan 528437, China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Shanghai 201203, China
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Degboé Y, Poupot R, Poupot M. Repolarization of Unbalanced Macrophages: Unmet Medical Need in Chronic Inflammation and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031496. [PMID: 35163420 PMCID: PMC8835955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and their tissue counterpart macrophages (MP) constitute the front line of the immune system. Indeed, they are able to rapidly and efficiently detect both external and internal danger signals, thereby activating the immune system to eradicate the disturbing biological, chemical, or physical agents. They are also in charge of the control of the immune response and account for the repair of the damaged tissues, eventually restoring tissue homeostasis. The balance between these dual activities must be thoroughly controlled in space and time. Any sustained unbalanced response of MP leads to pathological disorders, such as chronic inflammation, or favors cancer development and progression. In this review, we take advantage of our expertise in chronic inflammation, especially in rheumatoid arthritis, and in cancer, to highlight the pivotal role of MP in the physiopathology of these disorders and to emphasize the repolarization of unbalanced MP as a promising therapeutic strategy to control these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Degboé
- Infinity, Université Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France;
- Département de Rhumatologie, CHU Toulouse, 31029 Toulouse, France
| | - Rémy Poupot
- Infinity, Université Toulouse, CNRS, INSERM, UPS, 31024 Toulouse, France;
- Correspondence:
| | - Mary Poupot
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Université Toulouse, INSERM, UPS, 31037 Toulouse, France;
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Codelivery of Shikonin and siTGF-β for enhanced triple negative breast cancer chemo-immunotherapy. J Control Release 2022; 342:308-320. [PMID: 35031387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although chemoimmunotherapy has achieved considerable success in cancer treatment in recent years, the cure for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains elusive. The unsatisfied outcomes are likely attributed to deficient tumor immunogenicity, a strong immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM) and tumor metastasis. To address this issue, we constructed an effective codelivery system, combined with tumor growth factor β (TGF-β) small interference RNA (siTGF-β) and shikonin (SK), to achieve successful chemoimmunotherapy of TNBC. The SK/siTGF-β NPs (approximately 110 nm) exhibited a uniform structure and good stability. Conjugated FA presented enhanced cellular uptake in 4 T1 cells, and siTGF-β escaped from lysosomes because of the "proton sponge" effect of PEI. Furthermore, SK actually induced satisfactory immunogenic cell death (ICD) and the resulting dendritic cell (DC) maturation facilitated a distinctly enhanced cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response, generating a positive effect on tumor suppression. Simultaneously, the successful silencing of TGF-β alleviated the TGF-β-mediated ITM and inhibited the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), contributing to the infiltration of CTLs, suppression of regulatory T lymphocyte (Treg) proliferation and lung metastasis inhibition. Thus, the SK/siTGF-β NPs demonstrated the strongest therapeutic effect with delayed tumor growth (TIR = 88.5%) and lung metastasis restraint (77.3%). More importantly, tumor rechallenge assay suggested that the codelivery system produced a long-term immunological memory response to prevent tumor recurrence. Based on boosting the immune response and combating the ITM, SK/siTGF-β NPs would be a potential approach for TNBC therapy.
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Ji B, Wei M, Yang B. Recent advances in nanomedicines for photodynamic therapy (PDT)-driven cancer immunotherapy. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:434-458. [PMID: 34987658 PMCID: PMC8690913 DOI: 10.7150/thno.67300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has made tremendous clinical progress in advanced-stage malignancies. However, patients with various tumors exhibit a low response rate to immunotherapy because of a powerful immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and insufficient immunogenicity of tumors. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can not only directly kill tumor cells, but also elicit immunogenic cell death (ICD), providing antitumor immunity. Unfortunately, limitations from the inherent nature and complex TME significantly reduce the efficiency of PDT. Recently, smart nanomedicine-based strategies could subtly modulate the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic compounds and the TME to optimize both PDT and immunotherapy, resulting in an improved antitumor effect. Here, the emerging nanomedicines for PDT-driven cancer immunotherapy are reviewed, including hypoxia-reversed nanomedicines, nanosized metal-organic frameworks, and subcellular targeted nanoparticles (NPs). Moreover, we highlight the synergistic nanotherapeutics used to amplify immune responses combined with immunotherapy against tumors. Lastly, the challenges and future expectations in the field of PDT-driven cancer immunotherapy are discussed.
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Feng W, Shi W, Liu S, Liu H, Liu Y, Ge P, Zhang H. Fe(III)-Shikonin Supramolecular Nanomedicine for Combined Therapy of Tumor via Ferroptosis and Necroptosis. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101926. [PMID: 34738742 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Most of the antitumor chemotherapeutic drugs execute the therapeutic performance upon eliciting tumor cell apoptosis, which may cause chemoresistance of tumors. Design of novel drugs to eradicate apoptosis-resistant tumors via non-apoptotic cell death pathways is promising for improving the long-term chemotherapeutic efficacy. Herein, a Fe(III)-Shikonin metal-polyphenol-coordinated supramolecular nanomedicine for combined therapy of tumor via ferroptosis and necroptosis is designed. The construction of the nanomedicine based on the coordinated self-assembly between Fe3+ and Shikonin not only overcomes the shortcomings of Shikonin including its low bioavailability and high toxicity toward normal tissues, but also integrates the theranostics functions of Fe ions. Under the exposure of the high concentration of glutathione (GSH) in tumor cells, the as-prepared nanomedicine will disassemble into Fe2+ and Shikonin, followed by stimulating the tumor cell death through ferroptosis and necroptosis. In addition, benefiting from the stealth effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the targeting ability of cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-d-Phe-Lys) (cRGD) to αv β3 -integrin, NH2 -PEG-cRGD-modified nanomedicine exhibits a GSH-responsive therapy toward 4T1 tumor in vivo and self-enhanced longitudinal relaxation (T1 )-weighted imaging property. Since the self-assembly of natural Shikonin and human body-necessary Fe element is facile and feasible, the work may provide a promising supramolecular nanomedicine for next-generation chemotherapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Wanrui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Shuwei Liu
- Joint Laboratory of Opto‐Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Huiwen Liu
- Joint Laboratory of Opto‐Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
- Joint Laboratory of Opto‐Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
- Joint Laboratory of Opto‐Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
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Li Y, Meng X, Chen G, Hou Y, Wu X, Wang J, Cong X, Mao K, Wu C, Chen H, Sun X, Zhou J, Wang Y, Yang YG, Sun T. Lipid-mediated delivery of CD47 siRNA aids JQ1 in ensuring simultaneous downregulation of PD-L1 and CD47 and improves antitumor immunotherapy efficacy. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:6755-6767. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01354a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy using immune checkpoint blockade has become an attractive treatment option for patients with different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Thyroid Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China
| | - Xianying Meng
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Thyroid Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Thyroid Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China
| | - Yue Hou
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Thyroid Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Jialiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Thyroid Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Xiuxiu Cong
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Thyroid Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Kuirong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Thyroid Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130015, China
| | - Chenxi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Thyroid Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China
| | - Hongmei Chen
- Department of Oncology Chemotherapy, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, China
| | - Xu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Thyroid Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Thyroid Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Thyroid Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
| | - Yong-Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Thyroid Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130015, China
| | - Tianmeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Thyroid Surgery Department, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130061, China
- National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130015, China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
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Sun Q, Gong T, Liu M, Ren S, Yang H, Zeng S, Zhao H, Chen L, Ming T, Meng X, Xu H. Shikonin, a naphthalene ingredient: Therapeutic actions, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, clinical trials and pharmaceutical researches. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 94:153805. [PMID: 34749177 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shikonin is one of the major phytochemical components of Lithospermum erythrorhizon (Purple Cromwell), which is a type of medicinal herb broadly utilized in traditional Chinese medicine. It is well established that shikonin possesses remarkable therapeutic actions on various diseases, with the underlying mechanisms, pharmacokinetics and toxicological effects elusive. Also, the clinical trial and pharmaceutical study of shikonin remain to be comprehensively delineated. PURPOSE The present review aimed to systematically summarize the updated knowledge regarding the therapeutic actions, pharmacokinetics, toxicological effects, clinical trial and pharmaceutical study of shikonin. METHODS The information contained in this review article were retrieved from some authoritative databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Google scholar, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database and so on, till August 2021. RESULTS Shikonin exerts multiple therapeutic efficacies, such as anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, cardiovascular protection, anti-microbiomes, analgesia, anti-obesity, brain protection, and so on, mainly by regulating the NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/MAPKs, Akt/mTOR, TGF-β, GSK3β, TLR4/Akt signaling pathways, NLRP3 inflammasome, reactive oxygen stress, Bax/Bcl-2, etc. In terms of pharmacokinetics, shikonin has an unfavorable oral bioavailability, 64.6% of the binding rate of plasma protein, and enhances some metabolic enzymes, particularly including cytochrome P450. In regard to the toxicological effects, shikonin may potentially cause nephrotoxicity and skin allergy. The above pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of shikonin have been validated by few clinical trials. In addition, pharmaceutical innovation of shikonin with novel drug delivery system such as nanoparticles, liposomes, microemulsions, nanogel, cyclodextrin complexes, micelles and polymers are beneficial to the development of shikonin-based drugs. CONCLUSIONS Shikonin is a promising phytochemical for drug candidates. Extensive and intensive explorations on shikonin are warranted to expedite the utilization of shikonin-based drugs in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ting Gong
- Department of Ultrasound, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
| | - Maolun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Sha Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tianqi Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Haibo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Paclitaxel derivative-based liposomal nanoplatform for potentiated chemo-immunotherapy. J Control Release 2021; 341:812-827. [PMID: 34953979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The combination of chemotherapy with the immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy is bringing a tremendous hope in the treatment of malignant tumors. However, the treatment efficacy of the existing chemo-immunotherapy is not satisfactory due to the high cost and immunogenicity of ICB antibodies, low response rate to ICB, off-target toxicity of therapeutic agents, and low drug co-delivery efficacy. Therefore, a high-efficient nanosystem combining the delivery of chemotherapeutics with small molecule ICB inhibitors may be promising for an efficient cancer therapy. Herein, a novel reactive oxygen species (ROS)-activated liposome nanoplatform was constructed by the loading of a ROS-sensitive paclitaxel derivative (PSN) into liposomes to overcome the difficulties on delivering paclitaxel mostly represented by premature drug release and a low amount accumulated into the tumor. The innovative liposomal nanosystem was rationally designed by a remote loading of BMS-202 (a small molecule PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor) and PSN into the liposomes for a ROS-sensitive paclitaxel release and sustained BMS-202 release. The co-loaded liposomes resulted in a high co-loading ability and improved pharmacokinetic properties. An orthotopic 4 T1 breast cancer model was used to evaluate the efficiency of our nanoplatform in vivo, resulting in a superior antitumor activity. The antitumor immunity was activated by paclitaxel-mediated immunogenic cell death, while BMS-202 continuously blocked PD-L1 which could be up-regulated by paclitaxel in tumors to increase the response to ICB and further recover the host immune surveillance. These results revealed that this dual-delivery liposome might provide a promising strategy for a high-efficient chemo-immunotherapy, exhibiting a great potential for clinical translation.
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Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Pan Z, Liu Y. Advanced bioactive nanomaterials for biomedical applications. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2021; 1:20210089. [PMID: 37323697 PMCID: PMC10191050 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive materials are a kind of materials with unique bioactivities, which can change the cellular behaviors and elicit biological responses from living tissues. Bioactive materials came into the spotlight in the late 1960s when the researchers found that the materials such as bioglass could react with surrounding bone tissue for bone regeneration. In the following decades, advances in nanotechnology brought the new development opportunities to bioactive nanomaterials. Bioactive nanomaterials are not a simple miniaturization of macroscopic materials. They exhibit unique bioactivities due to their nanoscale size effect, high specific surface area, and precise nanostructure, which can significantly influence the interactions with biological systems. Nowadays, bioactive nanomaterials have represented an important and exciting area of research. Current and future applications ensure that bioactive nanomaterials have a high academic and clinical importance. This review summaries the recent advances in the field of bioactive nanomaterials, and evaluate the influence factors of bioactivities. Then, a range of bioactive nanomaterials and their potential biomedical applications are discussed. Furthermore, the limitations, challenges, and future opportunities of bioactive nanomaterials are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyFrontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjinP. R. China
| | - Zhanzhan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyFrontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjinP. R. China
| | - Zheng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyFrontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjinP. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyFrontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjinP. R. China
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Xue J, Zhu Y, Bai S, He C, Du G, Zhang Y, Zhong Y, Chen W, Wang H, Sun X. Nanoparticles with rough surface improve the therapeutic effect of photothermal immunotherapy against melanoma. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 12:2934-2949. [PMID: 35755278 PMCID: PMC9214318 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Photothermal therapy has been intensively investigated for treating cancer in recent years. However, the long-term therapeutic outcome remains unsatisfying due to the frequently occurred metastasis and recurrence. To address this challenge, immunotherapy has been combined with photothermal therapy to activate anti-tumor immunity and relieve the immunosuppressive microenvironment within tumor sites. Here, we engineered silica-based core‒shell nanoparticles (JQ-1@PSNs-R), in which silica cores were coated with the photothermal agent polydopamine, and a bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) inhibitor JQ-1 was loaded in the polydopamine layer to combine photothermal and immune therapy for tumor elimination. Importantly, to improve the therapeutic effect, we increased the surface roughness of the nanoparticles by hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching during the fabrication process, and found that the internalization of JQ-1@PSNs-R was significantly improved, leading to a strengthened photothermal killing effect as well as the increased intracellular delivery of JQ-1. In the animal studies, the multifunctional nanoparticles with rough surfaces effectively eradicated melanoma via photothermal therapy, successfully activated tumor-specific immune responses against residual tumor cells, and further prevented tumor metastasis and recurrence. Our results indicated that JQ-1@PSNs-R could serve as an innovative and effective strategy for combined cancer therapy.
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Yan P, Luo Y, Li X, Li Y, Wang Y, Wu J, Zhou S. A Redox-Responsive Nanovaccine Combined with A2A Receptor Antagonist for Cancer Immunotherapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2101222. [PMID: 34494380 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In situ vaccination can trigger an antitumor immune response. However, the therapeutic effect is still limited since the high expression of adenosine binding to G protein-coupled receptor A2AR induces an immunosuppressive effect. In this work, a new formulation is presented with the combination of a nanovaccine based on redox-responsive polymer micelles and A2AR antagonist SCH58261. The micelles simultaneously encapsulate immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducer doxorubicin (DOX) and adjuvant toll-like receptor 7 and 8 (TLR7/8) agonist R848, acting as the potent in situ vaccines. A high concentration of glutathione in tumor cells leads to the disintegration of these micelles, releasing DOX and R848 to mediate ICD, inducing the activation of dendritic cells and initiating an immune response. Meanwhile, A2AR antagonist SCH58261, a generation immune checkpoint blocker, inhibits the immunosuppressive adenosinergic pathway in the tumor microenvironment, activating natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T cells, and inhibiting the proliferation of regulatory T cells. Therefore, this formulation can trigger a robust systemic antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yan
- School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 P. R. China
| | - Yang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 P. R. China
| | - Xinyang Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 P. R. China
| | - Yingmin Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 P. R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 P. R. China
| | - Jian Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 P. R. China
| | - Shaobing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 610031 P. R. China
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Pan S, Weng H, Hu G, Wang S, Zhao T, Yao X, Liao L, Zhu X, Ge Y. Lactoferrin may inhibit the development of cancer via its immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory activities (Review). Int J Oncol 2021; 59:85. [PMID: 34533200 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is secreted by ectodermal tissue and has a structure similar to that of transferrin. Although Lf seems to be multifunctional, its main function is related to the natural defense system of mammals. The present review aims to highlight the major actions of Lf, including the regulation of cell growth, the inhibition of toxic compound formation, the removal of harmful free radicals and its important role in immune response regulation. Moreover, Lf has antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anticancer and anti‑inflammatory activities. In addition, the use of Lf for functionalization of drug nanocarriers, with emphasis on tumor‑targeted drug delivery, is illustrated. Such effects serve as an important theoretical basis for its future development and application. In neurodegenerative diseases and the brains of elderly people, Lf expression is markedly upregulated. Lf may exert an anti‑inflammatory effect by inhibiting the formation of hydroxyl free radicals. Through its antioxidant properties, Lf can prevent DNA damage, thereby preventing tumor formation in the central nervous system. In addition, Lf specifically activates the p53 tumor suppressor gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
| | - Huiting Weng
- Department of Clinical Nursing, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 430011, P.R. China
| | - Guohong Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, P.R. China
| | - Tian Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, P.R. China
| | - Xueping Yao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, P.R. China
| | - Libin Liao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, P.R. China
| | - Yanshan Ge
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of The Chinese Ministry of Education, The Third Affiliated Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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He ZD, Zhang M, Wang YH, He Y, Wang HR, Chen BF, Tu B, Zhu SQ, Huang YZ. Anti-PD-L1 mediating tumor-targeted codelivery of liposomal irinotecan/JQ1 for chemo-immunotherapy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1516-1523. [PMID: 33311600 PMCID: PMC8379160 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00570-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade therapy has become a first-line treatment in various cancers. But there are only a small percent of colorectal patients responding to PD-1/PD-L1 blockage immunotherapy. How to increase their treatment efficacy is an urgent and clinically unmet need. It is acknowledged that immunogenic cell death (ICD) induced by some specific chemotherapy can enhance antitumor immunity. Chemo-based combination therapy can yield improved outcomes by activating the immune system to eliminate the tumor, compared with monotherapy. Here, we develop a PD-L1-targeting immune liposome (P-Lipo) for co-delivering irinotecan (IRI) and JQ1, and this system can successfully elicit antitumor immunity in colorectal cancer through inducing ICD by IRI and interfering in the immunosuppressive PD-1/PD-L1 pathway by JQ1. P-Lipo increases intratumoral drug accumulation and promotes DC maturation, and thereby facilitates adaptive immune responses against tumor growth. The remodeling tumor immune microenvironment was reflected by the increased amount of CD8+ T cells and the release of IFN-γ, and the reduced CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Collectively, the P-Lipo codelivery system provides a chemo-immunotherapy strategy that can effectively remodel the tumor immune microenvironment and activate the host immune system and arrest tumor growth.
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Wang J, Zhou M, Chen F, Liu X, Gao J, Wang W, Wang H, Yu H. Stimuli-Sheddable Nanomedicine Overcoming Pathophysiological Barriers for Potentiating Immunotherapy of Cancer. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:1486-1509. [PMID: 34544528 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy displays potent potential for clinical cancer management by activating the protective immune response; however, the microenvironment of the immunosuppressive tumor restricts the efficiency of immunotherapies. Along with the complex pathophysiological barrier of the solid tumors, successful immunotherapeutic delivery remains a formidable challenge for conventional nanomedicine. Stimuli-sheddable nano vectors may facilitate the delivery of cargoes to tumors with minimal premature cargo leakage in blood circulation while enhancing the tumor penetration of nanomedicines by deshielding the polyethylene glycol (PEG) corona upon endogenous activity such as acidity, enzymes and glutathione, or external stimuli, such as laser irradiation. Throughout this study, researchers overviewed the recent advances of nanomedicine-based cancer immunotherapy using the stimuli-responsive deshielding nano vectors, which allowed researchers to integrate multiple therapeutic regimens for inducing immunogenic cell death. This aided in blocking the immune checkpoints, repolarizing the macrophages, and regulating the kynurenine metabolism. Furthermore, researchers discussed the critical issues in the development of stimuli-sheddable nanoimmunodulators, primarily aimed at speeding up their clinical translation. Finally, researchers provided novel perspectives for improving cancer management with the stimuli-sheddable nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Magnolia University, Huhhot, 010021, China
| | - Mengxue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Fangmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Jin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weiqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Magnolia University, Huhhot, 010021, China
| | - Haijun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Dias AS, Helguero L, Almeida CR, Duarte IF. Natural Compounds as Metabolic Modulators of the Tumor Microenvironment. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123494. [PMID: 34201298 PMCID: PMC8228554 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a heterogenous assemblage of malignant and non-malignant cells, including infiltrating immune cells and other stromal cells, together with extracellular matrix and a variety of soluble factors. This complex and dynamic milieu strongly affects tumor differentiation, progression, immune evasion, and response to therapy, thus being an important therapeutic target. The phenotypic and functional features of the various cell types present in the TME are largely dependent on their ability to adopt different metabolic programs. Hence, modulating the metabolism of the cells in the TME, and their metabolic crosstalk, has emerged as a promising strategy in the context of anticancer therapies. Natural compounds offer an attractive tool in this respect as their multiple biological activities can potentially be harnessed to ‘(re)-educate’ TME cells towards antitumoral roles. The present review discusses how natural compounds shape the metabolism of stromal cells in the TME and how this may impact tumor development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S. Dias
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED—Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (L.H.); (C.R.A.)
| | - Luisa Helguero
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED—Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (L.H.); (C.R.A.)
| | - Catarina R. Almeida
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED—Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (L.H.); (C.R.A.)
| | - Iola F. Duarte
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-234-401-418
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84
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Wang R, Yan H, Yu A, Ye L, Zhai G. Cancer targeted biomimetic drug delivery system. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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85
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Exploiting a New Approach to Destroy the Barrier of Tumor Microenvironment: Nano-Architecture Delivery Systems. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092703. [PMID: 34062992 PMCID: PMC8125456 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent findings suggest that tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important regulatory role in the occurrence, proliferation, and metastasis of tumors. Different from normal tissue, the condition around tumor significantly altered, including immune infiltration, compact extracellular matrix, new vasculatures, abundant enzyme, acidic pH value, and hypoxia. Increasingly, researchers focused on targeting TME to prevent tumor development and metastasis. With the development of nanotechnology and the deep research on the tumor environment, stimulation-responsive intelligent nanostructures designed based on TME have attracted much attention in the anti-tumor drug delivery system. TME-targeted nano therapeutics can regulate the distribution of drugs in the body, specifically increase the concentration of drugs in the tumor site, so as to enhance the efficacy and reduce adverse reactions, can utilize particular conditions of TME to improve the effect of tumor therapy. This paper summarizes the major components and characteristics of TME, discusses the principles and strategies of relevant nano-architectures targeting TME for the treatment and diagnosis systematically.
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86
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Fang Y, He Y, Wu C, Zhang M, Gu Z, Zhang J, Liu E, Xu Q, Asrorov AM, Huang Y. Magnetism-mediated targeting hyperthermia-immunotherapy in "cold" tumor with CSF1R inhibitor. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:6860-6872. [PMID: 34093858 PMCID: PMC8171105 DOI: 10.7150/thno.57511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Immunotherapy has profoundly changed the landscape of cancer management and represented the most significant breakthrough. Yet, it is a formidable challenge that the majority of cancers - the so-called “cold” tumors - poorly respond to immunotherapy. To find a general immunoregulatory modality that can be applied to a broad spectrum of cancers is an urgent need. Methods: Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) possesses promise in cancer therapy. We develop a safe and effective therapeutic strategy by using magnetism-mediated targeting MHT-immunotherapy in “cold” colon cancer. A magnetic liposomal system modified with cell-penetrating TAT peptide was developed for targeted delivery of a CSF1R inhibitor (BLZ945), which can block the CSF1-CSF1R pathway and reduce M2 macrophages. The targeted delivery strategy is characterized by its magnetic navigation and TAT-promoting intratumoral penetration. Results: The liposomes (termed TAT-BLZmlips) can induce ICD and cause excessive CRT exposure on the cell surface, which transmits an “eat-me” signal to DCs to elicit immunity. The combination of MHT and BLZ945 can repolarize M2 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment to relieve immunosuppression, normalize the tumor blood vessels, and promote T-lymphocyte infiltration. The antitumor effector CD8+ T cells were increased after treatment. Conclusion: This work demonstrated that TAT-BLZmlips with magnetic navigation and MHT can remodel tumor microenvironment and activate immune responses and memory, thus inhibiting tumor growth and recurrence.
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Lin C, Yang X, Li H, Zou Y, Mohammad IS, Rong H, Rao Y, Song J, Leung SSY, Hu H. Self-assembled nanomedicine combining a berberine derivative and doxorubicin for enhanced antitumor and antimetastatic efficacy via mitochondrial pathways. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:6605-6623. [PMID: 33885540 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00032b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a central role in cancer progression and tumor metastasis, and nanomedicines targeting mitochondria have emerged as a promising strategy for tumor therapy. However, mitochondria targeting strategies have not been widely explored in the inhibition of tumor metastasis, and they have disadvantages of complicated preparation, low drug loading, systemic toxicity of the carriers and poor accumulation at tumor sites. Here we firstly developed self-assembled nanodrugs with a high drug loading (∼68%) comprised of a berberine derivative (Ber) and doxorubicin (Dox) by a simple nano-precipitation method, which successfully altered the target location of Dox from the nucleus to mitochondria and therefore inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of MDA-MB-231 cells by triggering cell apoptosis. The surface of nanodrugs was modified with DSPE-PEG-folic acid (DSPE-PEG-FA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) for precise tumor recognition and enhanced accumulation (HA-FA-BD NDs). Upon arrival at the tumor site with the help of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, the partial degradation of HA by hyaluronidase (HAase) at the tumor site allowed the partial exposure of the positively charged FA-BD NDs to the cells, then nanodrugs would accumulate and enter tumor cells by dual binding to both folic acid (FA) and CD-44 receptors. Once internalized into lysosomes, both the HA outer shell and DSPE-PEG-FA of nanodrugs were degraded or decomposed completely to expose positively charged BD NDs. Driven by delocalized lipophilic cations, nanodrugs could escape from lysosomes and reach mitochondria to induce a cascade reaction and finally cell apoptosis, as well as suppressing matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-2 and -9 activities and finally cell migration and invasion. In a xenograft mice model of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, the nanodrugs repaired the defects in Mfn 1/Drp 1 mitochondrial proteins, suppressed the activity of MMP-2 and -9, and significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation and pulmonary metastasis. Our study showed a promising strategy for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer by targeting mitochondria followed by enhanced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuchu Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
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Ruan Z, Liang M, Shang L, Lai M, Deng X, Su X. Shikonin-mediated PD-L1 degradation suppresses immune evasion in pancreatic cancer by inhibiting NF-κB/STAT3 and NF-κB/CSN5 signaling pathways. Pancreatology 2021; 21:630-641. [PMID: 33707115 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly fatal malignancy with few effective therapies currently available. Recent studies have shown that PD-L1 inhibitors could be potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of PC. The present study aims to investigate the effect of Shikonin on immune evasion in PC with the involvement of the PD-L1 degradation. METHODS Initially, the expression patterns of PD-L1 and NF-κB in PC were predicted in-silico using the GEPIA database, and were subsequently validated using PC tissues. Thereafter, the correlation of NF-κB with STAT3, CSN5 and PD-L1 was examined. PC cells were treated with Shikonin, NF-κB inhibitor, STAT3 activator, and CSN5 overexpression plasmid to investigate effects on PD-L1 glycosylation and immune evasion in PC. Finally, in vivo tumor formation was induced in C57BL/6J mice, in order to verify the in vitro results. RESULTS PD-L1, NF-κB, NF-κB p65, STAT3, and CSN5 were highly expressed in PC samples, and NF-κB was positively correlated with STAT3/CSN5/PD-L1. Inhibition of NF-κB decreased PD-L1 glycosylation and increased PD-L1 degradation, whereas activated STAT3 and overexpressed CSN5 reversed these trends. Shikonin blocked immune evasion in PC, and lowered the expression of PD-L1, NF-κB, NF-κB p65, STAT3 and CSN5 in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION The findings indicated Shikonin inhibited immune evasion in PC by inhibiting PD-L1 glycosylation and activating the NF-κB/STAT3 and NF-κB/CSN5 signaling pathways. These effects of Shikonin on PC cells may bear important potential therapeutic implications for the treatment of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Ruan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Food & Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou, 510520, PR China
| | - Minhua Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Food & Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou, 510520, PR China
| | - Ling Shang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Food & Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou, 510520, PR China
| | - Manxiang Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Food & Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou, 510520, PR China
| | - Xiangliang Deng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Xinguo Su
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Food & Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou, 510520, PR China.
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Shibasaki H, Kinoh H, Cabral H, Quader S, Mochida Y, Liu X, Toh K, Miyano K, Matsumoto Y, Yamasoba T, Kataoka K. Efficacy of pH-Sensitive Nanomedicines in Tumors with Different c-MYC Expression Depends on the Intratumoral Activation Profile. ACS NANO 2021; 15:5545-5559. [PMID: 33625824 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Effective inhibition of the protein derived from cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene (c-Myc) is one of the most sought-after goals in cancer therapy. While several c-Myc inhibitors have demonstrated therapeutic potential, inhibiting c-Myc has proven challenging, since c-Myc is essential for normal tissues and tumors may present heterogeneous c-Myc levels demanding contrasting therapeutic strategies. Herein, we developed tumor-targeted nanomedicines capable of treating both tumors with high and low c-Myc levels by adjusting their ability to spatiotemporally control drug action. These nanomedicines loaded homologues of the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) motif inhibitor JQ1 as epigenetic c-Myc inhibitors through pH-cleavable bonds engineered for fast or slow drug release at intratumoral pH. In tumors with high c-Myc expression, the fast-releasing (FR) nanomedicines suppressed tumor growth more effectively than the slow-releasing (SR) ones, whereas, in the low c-Myc tumors, the efficacy of the nanomedicines was the opposite. By studying the tumor distribution and intratumoral activation of the nanomedicines, we found that, despite SR nanomedicines achieved higher accumulation than the FR counterparts in both c-Myc high and low tumors, the antitumor activity profiles corresponded with the availability of activated drugs inside the tumors. These results indicate the potential of engineered nanomedicines for c-Myc inhibition and spur the idea of precision pH-sensitive nanomedicine based on cancer biomarker levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Shibasaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kinoh
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Sabina Quader
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yuki Mochida
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Xueying Liu
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Kazuko Toh
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Kazuki Miyano
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, 3-22-1, Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
| | - Yu Matsumoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
- Policy Alternative Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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90
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Chen Q, Sun T, Jiang C. Recent Advancements in Nanomedicine for 'Cold' Tumor Immunotherapy. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:92. [PMID: 34138315 PMCID: PMC8006526 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00622-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Although current anticancer immunotherapies using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been reported with a high clinical success rate, numerous patients still bear 'cold' tumors with insufficient T cell infiltration and low immunogenicity, responding poorly to ICI therapy. Considering the advancements in precision medicine, in-depth mechanism studies on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) among cold tumors are required to improve the treatment for these patients. Nanomedicine has emerged as a promising drug delivery system in anticancer immunotherapy, activates immune function, modulates the TIME, and has been applied in combination with other anticancer therapeutic strategies. This review initially summarizes the mechanisms underlying immunosuppressive TIME in cold tumors and addresses the recent advancements in nanotechnology for cold TIME reversal-based therapies, as well as a brief talk about the feasibility of clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, and School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, and School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, and School of Pharmacy, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
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91
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Synthesis and Pharmacological In Vitro Investigations of Novel Shikonin Derivatives with a Special Focus on Cyclopropane Bearing Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052774. [PMID: 33803437 PMCID: PMC7967198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and accounts for about three quarters of all skin cancer deaths. Especially at an advanced stage, its treatment is challenging, and survival rates are very low. In previous studies, we showed that the constituents of the roots of Onosma paniculata as well as a synthetic derivative of the most active constituent showed promising results in metastatic melanoma cell lines. In the current study, we address the question whether we can generate further derivatives with optimized activity by synthesis. Therefore, we prepared 31, mainly novel shikonin derivatives and screened them in different melanoma cell lines (WM9, WM164, and MUG-Mel2 cells) using the XTT viability assay. We identified (R)-1-(1,4-dihydro-5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-dioxonaphthalen-2-yl)-4-methylpent-3-enyl 2-cyclopropyl-2-oxoacetate as a novel derivative with even higher activity. Furthermore, pharmacological investigations including the ApoToxGloTM Triplex assay, LDH assay, and cell cycle measurements revealed that this compound induced apoptosis and reduced cells in the G1 phase accompanied by an increase of cells in the G2/M phase. Moreover, it showed hardly any effects on the cell membrane integrity. However, it also exhibited cytotoxicity against non-tumorigenic cells. Nevertheless, in summary, we could show that shikonin derivatives might be promising drug leads in the treatment of melanoma.
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92
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LDL receptors and their role in targeted therapy for glioma: a review. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1212-1225. [PMID: 33609780 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gliomas are highly lethal forms of cancers occurring in the brain. Delivering the drugs into the brain is a major challenge to the treatment of gliomas because of the highly selectively permeable blood-brain barrier (BBB). Tapping the potential of receptor-mediated drug delivery systems using targeted nanoparticles (NPs) is a sought-after step forward toward successful glioma treatment. Several receptors are the focus of research for application in drug delivery. Low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR) are abundantly expressed in both healthy brains and diseased brains with a disrupted BBB. In this review, we discuss the LDLR and the types of NPs that have been used to target the brain via this receptor.
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93
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Jia L, Gao Y, Zhou T, Zhao XL, Hu HY, Chen DW, Qiao MX. Enhanced response to PD-L1 silencing by modulation of TME via balancing glucose metabolism and robust co-delivery of siRNA/Resveratrol with dual-responsive polyplexes. Biomaterials 2021; 271:120711. [PMID: 33592352 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since cellular metabolism reprogramming is one of the crucial hallmarks of tumor, glucose metabolic pathways are emerging as an important target for modulating immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in favor of anti-PD-L1 therapy. Aiming at boosting immune response by modulation immunosuppressive TME via balancing the glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) of tumor cells, we developed a dual-responsive mPEG-PLA-PHis-ss-PEI polyplexes (DRP/Res/siP) for robust co-delivery of PD-L1 siRNA and resveratrol (Res). Isothermal titration calorimetry confirmed the non-electrostatic interactions between PD-L1 siRNA and PHis block of the copolymer, which contributed to the efficient and synchronized release of siRNA with Res in response to the acidic and reductive environment by destabilizing the siRNA polyplexes. The extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) as well as some key enzymes involved in glycolysis and mitochondrial OXPHOS pathways were determined to quantify the glucose metabolism balance. Effective downregulation of glycolysis and upregulation of mitochondrial OXPHOS were observed in the tumor cells treated with DRP/Res/siP, leading to remarkably reduced lactate production and glucose consumption. In vivo anti-tumor results showed that upregulation of mitochondrial OXPHOS pathways not only significantly promoted CD8+ and CD4+ T cells infiltration, IFN-γ secretion but also significantly suppressed the Treg cells and MDSCs at the same glycolysis level, resulting in superior anti-tumor effect in combination with PD-L1 silencing. Our findings indicate that balancing glucose metabolic pathways of glycolysis and mitochondrial OXPHOS provides a more reliable immune boosting strategy to PD-L1 silencing than exclusive glycolysis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Heze Medical College, Heze, 274000, PR China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Xiu-Li Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Hai-Yang Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Da-Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Ming-Xi Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
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94
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Gao L, Gou N, Yao M, Amakye WK, Ren J. Food-derived natural compounds in the management of chronic diseases via Wnt signaling pathway. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4769-4799. [PMID: 33554630 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1879001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that control embryonic development, adult tissue homeostasis, and pathological processes of organisms throughout life. However, dysregulation of the Wnt signaling is associated with the occurrence of chronic diseases. In comparison with the application of chemical drugs as traditional treatment for chronic diseases, dietary agents have unique advantages, such as less side effects, multiple targets, convenience in accessibility and higher acceptability in long-term intervention. In this review, we summarized current progress in manipulating the Wnt signaling using food components and its benefits in managing chronic diseases. The underlying mechanisms of bioactive food components in the management of the disease progression via the Wnt signaling was illustrated. Then, the review focused on the function of dietary pattern (which might act via combination of foods with multiple nutrients or food ingredients) on targeting Wnt signaling at multiple level. The potential caveats and challenges in developing new strategy via modulating Wnt-associated diseases with food-based agents and appropriate dietary pattern are also discussed in detail. This review shed light on the understanding of the regulatory effect of food bioactive components on chronic diseases management through the Wnt signaling, which can be expanded to other specific signaling pathway associated with disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Gou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maojin Yao
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease & China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - William Kwame Amakye
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Guangzhou, China
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Wu S, Liu D, Li W, Song B, Chen C, Chen D, Hu H. Enhancing TNBC Chemo-immunotherapy via combination reprogramming tumor immune microenvironment with Immunogenic Cell Death. Int J Pharm 2021; 598:120333. [PMID: 33540008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) play an important role in tumor progression and therapeutic response, especially in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). To remodel immunosuppressive TME of 4T1 tumor, we developed a nano liposome to deliver silybin (SLN, an anti-liver fibrosis Chinese Traditional Medicine). Liposomal silybin (SLN/LIP) possessed a spherical shape with particle sizes of 75.2 nm, high stability, and good accumulation in the tumor site. After treated with SLN/LIP, α-SMA positive TAFs and the deposition of stroma were decreased significantly. SLN/LIP also changed the tumor immune microenvironment through the increase of IFN-γ and IL-12, as well as reduced of TGF-β, SDF-1, IL6 and TNF-α. Importantly, SLN/LIP enhanced the infiltration of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) and transformed a "cold" tumor into a "hot" tumor. To achieve the higher antitumor efficacy, an immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducer, liposomal doxorubicin (DOX/LIP) was combined with SLN/LIP. The combination treatment led to trigger immunogenic tumor apoptosis, and enhance antitumor immunity, therefore, improved anti-tumor efficiency, and further prolonged survival duration. The combination of liposomal silybin and liposomal doxorubicin might be a new chemo-immunotherapy approach for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Wenpan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Baohui Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Chunlin Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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96
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Sun Q, Yang Z, Lin M, Peng Y, Wang R, Du Y, Zhou Y, Li J, Qi X. Phototherapy and anti-GITR antibody-based therapy synergistically reinvigorate immunogenic cell death and reject established cancers. Biomaterials 2021; 269:120648. [PMID: 33445099 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Phototherapy and immunogenic cell death (ICD) are powerful strategies to fight cancer. However, their therapeutic outcomes are diminished by immunosuppressive and hypoxia microenvironment. Herein, a photo-based, immunomodulating and hypoxia-alleviated nanosystem, PDA-ICG@CAT-DTA-1, is proposed to achieve the synergism between phototherapy and immunotherapy. Catalase (CAT) and anti-GITR antibody (DTA-1) are loaded to photothermal agent and photosensitizer composed PDA-ICG nanoparticles. The PDA-ICG@CAT-DTA-1 exhibits intrinsic local hyperthermia and enhanced ROS generation in tumor, and abrogates tumor immune suppression. It results in reduction of intratumoral FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (4.3-fold) and increase of CD4+ effector T cells (1.5-fold) compare with the control, and promotes damage associated molecular patterns generation to reinvigorate ICD effect. The potent antitumor of PDA-ICG@CAT-DTA-1 is proved in 4T1 bilateral tumor-bearing mice, with inhibition ratio of 95.1% for primary cancers and 68.7% for abscopal cancers. Our findings highlight great promise of the constructed versatility nanosystem to fix bottlenecks for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Meng Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Yiwei Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Rudong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Yitian Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Xianrong Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
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97
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Liao Q, Zhou Y, Xia L, Cao D. Lipid Metabolism and Immune Checkpoints. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1316:191-211. [PMID: 33740251 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-6785-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoints are essential for the regulation of immune cell functions. Although the abrogation of immunosurveillance of tumor cells is known, the regulators of immune checkpoints are not clear. Lipid metabolism is one of the important metabolic activities in organisms. In lipid metabolism, a large number of metabolites produced can regulate the gene expression and activation of immune checkpoints through various pathways. In addition, increasing evidence has shown that lipid metabolism leads to transient generation or accumulation of toxic lipids that result in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and then regulate the transcriptional and posttranscriptional modifications of immune checkpoints, including transcription, protein folding, phosphorylation, palmitoylation, etc. More importantly, the lipid metabolism can also affect exosome transportation of checkpoints and the degradation of checkpoints by affecting ubiquitination and lysosomal trafficking. In this chapter, we mainly empathize on the roles of lipid metabolism in the regulation of immune checkpoints, such as gene expression, activation, and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Longzheng Xia
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Deliang Cao
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
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98
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Yang B, Gao J, Pei Q, Xu H, Yu H. Engineering Prodrug Nanomedicine for Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002365. [PMID: 33304763 PMCID: PMC7709995 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has shifted the clinical paradigm of cancer management. However, despite promising initial progress, immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer still suffer from relatively low response rates and the possibility of severe side effects, likely due to the low inherent immunogenicity of tumor cells, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and significant inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity. Recently, nanoformulations of prodrugs have been explored as a means to enhance cancer immunotherapy by simultaneously eliciting antitumor immune responses and reversing local immunosuppression. Prodrug nanomedicines, which integrate engineering advances in chemistry, oncoimmunology, and material science, are rationally designed through chemically modifying small molecule drugs, peptides, or antibodies to yield increased bioavailability and spatiotemporal control of drug release and activation at the target sites. Such strategies can help reduce adverse effects and enable codelivery of multiple immune modulators to yield synergistic cancer immunotherapy. In this review article, recent advances and translational challenges facing prodrug nanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy are overviewed. Last, key considerations are outlined for future efforts to advance prodrug nanomedicines aimed to improve antitumor immune responses and combat immune tolerogenic microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of PharmaceuticsShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
- Department of Medical UltrasoundShanghai Tenth People's HospitalUltrasound Research and Education InstituteTongji University School of MedicineTongji University Cancer CenterShanghai200072China
| | - Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of PharmaceuticsShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
- Department of Medical UltrasoundShanghai Tenth People's HospitalUltrasound Research and Education InstituteTongji University School of MedicineTongji University Cancer CenterShanghai200072China
| | - Qing Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of PharmaceuticsShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
| | - Huixiong Xu
- Department of Medical UltrasoundShanghai Tenth People's HospitalUltrasound Research and Education InstituteTongji University School of MedicineTongji University Cancer CenterShanghai200072China
| | - Haijun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of PharmaceuticsShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
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99
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Sabra S, Agwa MM. Lactoferrin, a unique molecule with diverse therapeutical and nanotechnological applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1046-1060. [PMID: 32707283 PMCID: PMC7374128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a naturally glycoprotein with iron-binding properties and diverse biological applications including; antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer and immune stimulating effects. In addition, LF was found to be an ideal nanocarrier for some hydrophobic therapeutics because of its active targeting potential due to overexpression of its receptor on the surface of many cells. Moreover, it was proven to be a good candidate for fabrication of nanocarriers to specifically deliver drugs in case of brain tumors owing to the capability of LF to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB). Consequently, it seems to be a promising molecule with multiple applications in the field of cancer therapy and nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Sabra
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt.
| | - Mona M. Agwa
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Behooth St, Dokki, Giza 12311, Egypt,Corresponding authors
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100
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Engineering immunogenic cell death with nanosized drug delivery systems improving cancer immunotherapy. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 66:36-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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