51
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Wang Y, Hasegawa T, Matsumoto H, Michinobu T. Significant Difference in Semiconducting Properties of Isomeric All-Acceptor Polymers Synthesized via Direct Arylation Polycondensation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11893-11902. [PMID: 31210386 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The direct arylation polycondensation (DArP) appeared as an efficient method for producing semiconducting polymers but often requires acceptor monomers with orienting or activating groups for the reactive carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds, which limits the choice of acceptor units. In this study, we describe a DArP for producing high-molecular-weight all-acceptor polymers composed of the acceptor monomers without any orienting or activating groups via a modified method using Pd/Cu co-catalysts. We thus obtained two isomeric all-acceptor polymers, P1 and P2, which have the same backbone and side-chains but different positions of the nitrogen atoms in the thiazole units. This subtle change significantly influences their optoelectronic, molecular packing, and charge-transport properties. P2 with a greater backbone torsion has favorable edge-on orientations and a high electron mobility μe of 2.55 cm2 V-1 s-1 . Moreover, P2-based transistors show an excellent shelf-storage stability in air even after the storage for 1 month.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan.,Current address: Emergent Molecular Function Research Team, Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Hasegawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Matsumoto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Michinobu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
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52
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Brus VV, Lee J, Luginbuhl BR, Ko SJ, Bazan GC, Nguyen TQ. Solution-Processed Semitransparent Organic Photovoltaics: From Molecular Design to Device Performance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900904. [PMID: 31148255 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent research efforts on solution-processed semitransparent organic solar cells (OSCs) are presented. Essential properties of organic donor:acceptor bulk heterojunction blends and electrode materials, required for the combination of simultaneous high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and average visible transmittance of photovoltaic devices, are presented from the materials science and device engineering points of view. Aspects of optical perception, charge generation-recombination, and extraction processes relevant for semitransparent OSCs are also discussed in detail. Furthermore, the theoretical limits of PCE for fully transparent OSCs, compared to the performance of the best reported semitransparent OSCs, and options for further optimization are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor V Brus
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Benjamin R Luginbuhl
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Seo-Jin Ko
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
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53
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Designing of non-fullerene 3D star-shaped acceptors for organic solar cells. J Mol Model 2019; 25:129. [PMID: 31025204 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-3992-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The design and fabrication of solar cells have recently witnessed the exploration of non-fullerene-based acceptor molecules for higher efficiency. In this study, the optical and electronic properties of four new three-dimensional (3D) star-shaped acceptor molecules (M1, M2, M3, and M4) are evaluated for use as acceptor molecules in organic solar cells. These molecules contain a triphenylamine donor core with diketopyrrolopyrrole acceptor arms linked via a thiophene bridge unit. Molecules M1-M4 are characterized by different end-capped acceptor moieties, including 2-(5-methylene-6-oxo-5,6-dihydrocyclopenta-b-thiophen-4-ylidene)malononitrile (M1), 2-(2-methylene-3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (M2), 2-(5-methyl-2-methylene-3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (M3), and 3-methyl-5-methylnene-thioxothiazolidin-4-one (M4). The properties of the newly designed molecules were compared with a well-known reference compound R, which was recently reported as an excellent acceptor molecule for organic solar cells. Molecules M1-M4 exhibit suitable frontier molecular orbital patterns for charge mobility. M2 shows maximum absorption (λmax) at 846.8 nm in dichloromethane solvent, which is ideal for the design of transparent solar cells. A strong electron withdrawing end-capped acceptor causes a red shift in absorption spectra. All molecules are excellent for hole mobility due to a lower value of λh compared to the reference R. Graphical abstract Here, we have designed four new triphenylamine-based three-dimensional star-shaped electron acceptors with different electron withdrawing end-capped acceptor moieties, namely M1, M2, M3, and M4) for opto-electronic properties of organic solar cells. The designed star-shaped acceptor molecules show excellent optoelectronic properties with respect to reference compound R.
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54
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Izquierdo MA, Broer R, Havenith RWA. Theoretical Study of the Charge Transfer Exciton Binding Energy in Semiconductor Materials for Polymer:Fullerene-Based Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:1233-1242. [PMID: 30676720 PMCID: PMC6391038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent efforts and progress in polymer solar cell research have boosted the photovoltaic efficiency of the technology. This efficiency depends not only on the device architecture but also on the material properties. Thus, insight into the design of novel semiconductor materials is vital for the advancement of the field. This paper looks from a theoretical viewpoint into two of the factors for the design of semiconductor materials with applications to bulk heterojunction solar cells: the charge transfer exciton binding energy and the nanoscale arrangement of donor and acceptor molecules in blend systems. Being aware that the exciton dissociation of local excitons in charge transfer states initiates the charge generation process, the excited state properties of four oligomers (one donor-type: PEO-PPV; and three donor-acceptor-types: PTFB, PTB7, and PTB7-Th) and two fullerene derivatives ([60]PCBM and [70]PCBM), previously reported in the literature as having high electrical conductance, are studied. With such a study, the donor molecules, either of donor-type or donor-acceptor type, are screened as candidates for [60]PCBM- and/or [70]PCBM-based bulk heterojunctions. The charge transfer energy and charge transfer exciton binding energy of suitable donor:acceptor bulk heterojunctions, some of them not yet fabricated, are studied. Further, the charge transfer exciton binding energies of [60]PCBM- and [70]PCBM-based blends are compared. A combination of molecular dynamics simulations with calculations based on Kohn-Sham density functional theory (KS-DFT) and its time-dependent extension (KS-TDDFT) is used. An important feature of this work is that it incorporates the effect of the environment of the quantum chemical system in KS-DFT or KS-TDDFT calculations through a polarizable discrete reaction field (DRF). Our predictions in terms of the influence of the nanoscale arrangement of donor and acceptor molecules on the performance of organic solar cells indicate that bulk heterojunction morphologies for donor-acceptor-type oligomers lead to their lowest excited states having charge transfer character. Further, we find that in terms of favorable charge transfer exciton binding energy, the PTB7-Th:[70]PCBM blends outperform the other blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Izquierdo
- Institute of Molecular Science , University of Valencia , José Beltrán Martínez 2 , 46980 Valencia , Spain
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55
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Ans M, Ayub K, Bhatti IA, Iqbal J. Designing indacenodithiophene based non-fullerene acceptors with a donor-acceptor combined bridge for organic solar cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:3605-3617. [PMID: 35518088 PMCID: PMC9060249 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09292c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-fullerene small acceptor molecules have gained significant attention for application in organic solar cells owing to their advantages over fullerene based acceptors. Efforts are continuously being made to design novel acceptors with greater efficiencies. Here, optoelectronic properties of four novel acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) type small molecules (A1, A2, A3 and A4) were studied for their applications in organic solar cells. These molecules contain an indacenodithiophene central core unit joined to different end capped acceptors through a monofluoro substituted benzothiadiazole (FBT) donor acceptor (DA) bridge. The different end capped acceptor groups are; 2-2(2-ethylidene-5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (A1), 2-2(2-ethylidene-3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (A2), 2-(5-ethylidene-6-oxo-5,6-dihydrocyclopenta-b-thiophene-4-ylidene)malononitrile (A3), and 2-2(2-ethylidene-5,6-dicyano-3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile (A4). The calculated optoelectronic properties of the designed molecules were compared with a well-known reference compound R, which was recently synthesized and reported as being an excellent A-D-A type acceptor molecule. All designed molecules showed the appropriate frontier molecular orbital diagram for a charge transfer. A4 shows the highest absorption maximum (λ max) of 858.6 nm (in chloroform solvent), which was attributed to the strong electron withdrawing end-capped acceptor group. Among all of the designed molecules, A3 exhibits the highest open circuit voltages (V oc) which was (1.84 V) with PTB7-Th and (1.76 V) with the P3HT donor polymer. Owing to a lower value of λ e with respect to λ h, the designed molecules demonstrated superior electron mobilities when compared with reference R. Among all of the molecules, A4 shows the highest electron mobility owing to the lower value of λ e compared to R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSAT University, Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad KPK 22060 Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Faisalabad Pakistan
- Punjab Bio-energy Institute, University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
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56
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Mohajeri A, Omidvar A, Setoodeh H. Fine Structural Tuning of Thieno[3,2- b] Pyrrole Donor for Designing Banana-Shaped Semiconductors Relevant to Organic Field Effect Transistors. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 59:1930-1945. [PMID: 30575398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of the newly synthesized banana-shaped thieno[3,2- b] pyrrole building block [Bulumulla, C.; Gunawardhana, R.; Kularatne, R. N.; Hill, M. E.; McCandless, G. T.; Biewer, M. C.; Stefan, M. C. Thieno[3,2- b] pyrrole-Benzothiadiazole Banana-Shaped Small Molecules for Organic Field Effect Transistors. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 11818-11825], several small molecules that can be used as organic semiconducting materials were theoretically designed. We have shown that these novel molecules with the donor-π conjugated bridge-acceptor-π conjugated bridge-donor (D-π-A-π-D) building block exhibit superior charge transport properties in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). A variety of donors, π-bridges, and acceptors are examined, and the structural, electronic, optical, and charge transport properties of designed semiconductors are systematically investigated. The results highlight the impact of the core acceptor in improving the transport properties of the designed molecules. In particular, this work points toward the benzo-bis(1,2,5-thiadiazole) as the most promising acceptor that can be combined with thiophene π-bridge and flanked benzo-thiadiazole terminal units to produce a reasonable candidate for synthesis and for incorporating into OFET materials. For the suggested semiconductor, the small electron reorganization energy and large intramolecular coupling originating from dense π-stacking gave rise to enhanced electron mobility. This strategy can be helpful for further improving the performance of curved small molecules in field-effect devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshan Mohajeri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences , Shiraz University , Shiraz 7194684795 , Iran
| | - Akbar Omidvar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences , Shiraz University , Shiraz 7194684795 , Iran
| | - Hengameh Setoodeh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences , Shiraz University , Shiraz 7194684795 , Iran
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57
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Li Y, Lee JW, Kim M, Lee C, Lee YW, Kim BJ, Woo HY. Regioisomeric wide-band-gap polymers with different fluorine topologies for non-fullerene organic solar cells. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01458b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of different fluorine substituent topologies on the morphological and photovoltaic properties are studied for two regioisomeric donor polymer-based nonfullerene organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea University
- Seoul 136-713
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Changyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Young Woong Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea University
- Seoul 136-713
- Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea University
- Seoul 136-713
- Republic of Korea
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58
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Mikie T, Osaka I. Selective Synthesis and Properties of Electron-Deficient Hybrid Naphthalene-Based π-Conjugated Systems. Chemistry 2018; 24:19228-19235. [PMID: 30251291 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
One driving force for advancing the field of semiconducting polymers is to create new π-conjugated systems as building units. This work reports on a series of electron-deficient hybrid naphthalene-based π-conjugated systems in which two different units among benzoxadiazole, benzothiadiazole, benzoselenadiazole, and benzopyrazine (quinoxaline) were fused. These π-conjugated systems were synthesized in excellent yields via the selective one-side ring-opening reaction of corresponding naphthobischalcogenadiazoles using the NaBH4 /CoCl2 reduction reagents, followed by the ring-closing reactions. The electronic structure of these π-conjugated systems was studied in comparison with their parent systems. Furthermore, thiadiazolonaphthoxadiazole was incorporated into the π-conjugated polymer backbone. The electronic structure, film structure, and photovoltaic properties of the polymer were studied as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsubasa Mikie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima, 1-4-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Itaru Osaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima, 1-4-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
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59
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Designing dibenzosilole and methyl carbazole based donor materials with favourable photovoltaic parameters for bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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60
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Bourdick A, Reichenberger M, Stradomska A, Bazan GC, Nguyen TQ, Köhler A, Gekle S. Elucidating Aggregation Pathways in the Donor–Acceptor Type Molecules p-DTS(FBTTh2)2 and p-SIDT(FBTTh2)2. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:9191-9201. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b06283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Bourdick
- Biofluid Simulation and Modeling, Theoretische Physik VI, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Markus Reichenberger
- Soft Matter Optoelectronics, Department of Physics, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Anna Stradomska
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Guillermo C. Bazan
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials, University of California in Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials, University of California in Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Anna Köhler
- Soft Matter Optoelectronics, Department of Physics, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
- Bayreuth Institute of Macromolecular Research (BIMF), Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Stephan Gekle
- Biofluid Simulation and Modeling, Theoretische Physik VI, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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61
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Yang Y, Wang K, Li G, Ran X, Song X, Gasparini N, Zhang QQ, Lai X, Guo X, Meng F, Du M, Huang W, Baran D. Fluorination Triggered New Small Molecule Donor Materials for Efficient As-Cast Organic Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1801542. [PMID: 30058231 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processable small molecules (SMs) have attracted intense attention due to their definite molecular structures, less batch-to-batch variation, and easier structure control. Herein, two new SM donors based on substituted isatin unit (DI3T, DI3T-2F) are synthesized and applied as electron donors with the mixture of PC71 BM to construct organic photovoltaics. As a result, 5,6-difluoro isatin derivative (DI3T-2F) obtains a power conversion efficiency of 7.80% by a simple solution spin-coating fabrication process without any additives, solvent, or thermal annealing process. More intuitively, due to stronger intermolecular interaction and higher hole mobility after the incorporation of fluorine atoms in end units, the devices present good tolerance to active layer thickness. The results indicate that DI3T-2F shows promising potential for large-scale printing processes and flexible application of efficient small molecule organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Gongqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xueqin Ran
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xin Song
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nicola Gasparini
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xue Lai
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Fei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Mengzhen Du
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
- Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Derya Baran
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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62
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Deng J, Chen J, Tao Q, Yan D, Fu Y, Tan H. Improved photovoltaic performance of 2,7-pyrene based small molecules via the use of 3-carbazole as terminal unit. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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63
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Revoju S, Biswas S, Eliasson B, Sharma GD. Asymmetric triphenylamine-phenothiazine based small molecules with varying terminal acceptors for solution processed bulk-heterojunction organic solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:6390-6400. [PMID: 29441385 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08653a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three compounds consisting of the electron-donating triphenylamine-phenothiazine conjugate backbone and each of the electron-withdrawing groups 3-ethylrhodanine, malononitrile and 1,3-indandione have been synthesized and used as donors in blends with [6,6]-phenyl-C70-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) for organic solar cell devices. After improvements of the active layer structure by a selected donor-to-acceptor weight ratio and a two-step solvent and thermal annealing, the organic solar cells showed power conversion efficiency (PCE) values in the range of 4.79-7.25%. The highest PCE was obtained for the bulk heterojunction device with the indandione compound, which can be attributed to its better absorption profile, higher crystallinity, more balanced electron and hole transport, higher charge collection efficiency and reduced recombination, in comparison with the photovoltaic cells from the other two compounds. DFT-calculated characteristics, absorption spectra and cyclic voltammetry of the compounds, along with X-ray diffraction patterns of the blend films, are used to validate the photovoltaic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Revoju
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.
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64
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Irfan M, Eliason B, Mahr MS, Iqbal J. Tuning the Optoelectronic Properties of Naphtho-Dithiophene-Based A-D-A Type Small Donor Molecules for Bulk Hetero-Junction Organic Solar Cells. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Agriculture; Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
| | - Bertil Eliason
- Department of Chemistry; Umeå University; Umeå 90187 Sweden
| | | | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry; University of Agriculture; Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
- Punjab Bio-energy Institute (PBI); University of Agriculture; Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
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65
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Manzoor F, Iqbal J, Zara Z, Eliasson B, Mahr MS, Ayub K. Theoretical Calculations of the Optical and Electronic Properties of Dithienosilole- and Dithiophene-Based Donor Materials for Organic Solar Cells. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201703086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farah Manzoor
- Department of Chemistry; University of Agriculture; Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry; University of Agriculture; Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
- Punjab Bio-energy Institute (PBI); University of Agriculture; Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
| | - Zeenat Zara
- Department of Chemistry; University of Agriculture; Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
| | | | | | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Abbottabad; KPK 22060 Pakistan
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66
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Li M, Qin Y, Dai W, Luo X. Tuning the performance of the non-fullerene organic solar cells by the polarizability. RSC Adv 2018; 8:3809-3815. [PMID: 35542902 PMCID: PMC9077663 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11297a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here the synthesis and characterizations of a novel series of acceptor copolymers with a broad absorption band. The acceptor polymers were synthesized as a copolymer of perylenediimide (PDI) and naphthalene imide (NDI) along with dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]silole (DTS) and N-alkyl dithieno[3,2-b:2',3-d]pyrroles (DTP). When the dipole moment and polarizability of the acceptor polymer are compared, it is observed that when the dipole moment decreases, the polarizability becomes larger. The polarizability of polymers containing PDI is significantly greater than those containing NDI, and their polarizability change is in accordance with the change in the transient fluorescence lifetime. It was also found that the power conversion efficiency of the non-fullerene solar cell was strongly correlated to polarizability. The results demonstrate that the polarizability can be utilized to screen novel donor and acceptor polymers for the design and synthesis of high-performance solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 PR China
| | - Yuancheng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 PR China
| | - Weili Dai
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 PR China
| | - Xubiao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 PR China
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67
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He A, Zeng Y, Kang X, Morita S, Xu Y, Noda I, Ozaki Y, Wu J. Novel Method of Constructing Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy without Subtracting a Reference Spectrum. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:788-797. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anqi He
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for
Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Ninhai Doubly Advanced Material Company, Ltd., Ninhai, 315602, China
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yiwei Zeng
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for
Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Kang
- Institute
of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Shigeaki Morita
- Department
of Engineering Science, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Osaka, 572-8530, Japan
| | - Yizhuang Xu
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for
Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Ninhai Doubly Advanced Material Company, Ltd., Ninhai, 315602, China
| | - Isao Noda
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for
Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for
Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Institute
of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jinguang Wu
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for
Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry
and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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68
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Li C, Chai Y, Zhou X, Shen Z, Ma B, Chen B, Huang R, Chen H, Li W, He Y. Choice of hydrogen bonds or halogen bonds by 2-halogenated 5-morpholinomethylphenyl triazolo[1,5- a]pyridine. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00423d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The crystal structures of halogenated 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives disclose intriguing structural chemistry features dictated by the formation of either hydrogen bonds (HBs) or halogen bonds (XBs).
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69
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Xu X, Yu T, Bi Z, Ma W, Li Y, Peng Q. Realizing Over 13% Efficiency in Green-Solvent-Processed Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells Enabled by 1,3,4-Thiadiazole-Based Wide-Bandgap Copolymers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30. [PMID: 29210113 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Two novel wide-bandgap copolymers, PBDT-TDZ and PBDTS-TDZ, are developed based on 1,3,4-thiadiazole (TDZ) and benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (BDT) building blocks. These copolymers exhibit wide bandgaps over 2.07 eV and low-lying highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) levels below -5.35 eV, which match well with the typical low-bandgap acceptor of ITIC, resulting in a good complementary absorption from 300 to 900 nm and a low HOMO level offset (≤0.13 eV). Compared to PBDT-TDZ, PBDTS-TDZ with alkylthio side chains exhibits the stronger optical absorption, lower-lying HOMO level, and higher crystallinity. By using a single green solvent of o-xylene, PBDTS-TDZ:ITIC devices exhibit a large open-circuit voltage (Voc ) up to 1.10 eV and an extremely low energy loss (Eloss ) of 0.48 eV. At the same time, the desirable high short-circuit current density (Jsc ) of 17.78 mA cm-2 and fill factor of 65.4% are also obtained, giving rise to a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.80% without any additive and post-treatment. When adopting a homotandem device architecture, the PCE is further improved to 13.35% (certified as 13.19%) with a much larger Voc of 2.13 V, which is the best value for any type of homotandem organic solar cells reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Ting Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhaozhao Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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70
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Dong T, Lv L, Feng L, Xia Y, Deng W, Ye P, Yang B, Ding S, Facchetti A, Dong H, Huang H. Noncovalent Se···O Conformational Locks for Constructing High-Performing Optoelectronic Conjugated Polymers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29. [PMID: 28692746 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Noncovalent conformational locks are broadly employed to construct highly planar π-conjugated semiconductors exhibiting substantial charge transport characteristics. However, current chalcogen-based conformational lock strategies for organic semiconductors are limited to S···X (X = O, N, halide) weak interactions. An easily accessible (minimal synthetic steps) and structurally planar selenophene-based building block, 1,2-diethoxy-1,2-bisselenylvinylene (DESVS), with novel Se···O noncovalent conformational locks is designed and synthesized. DESVS unique properties are supported by density functional theory computed electronic structures, single crystal structures, and experimental lattice cohesion metrics. Based on this building block, a new class of stable, structurally planar, and solution-processable conjugated polymers are synthesized and implemented in organic thin-film transistors (TFT) and organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. DESVS-based polymers exhibit carrier mobilities in air as high as 1.49 cm2 V-1 s-1 (p-type) and 0.65 cm2 V-1 s-1 (n-type) in TFTs, and power conversion efficiency >5% in OPV cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Dong
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS, Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Lv
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS, Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing, National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xia
- Polyera Corporation, 8045 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, IL, 60077, USA
| | - Wei Deng
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS, Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Pan Ye
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS, Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing, National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing, National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | | | - Huanli Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing, National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS, Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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71
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Fernandez D, Viterisi A, Challuri V, Ryan JW, Martinez-Ferrero E, Gispert-Guirado F, Martinez M, Escudero E, Stenta C, Marsal LF, Palomares E. Understanding the Limiting Factors of Solvent-Annealed Small-Molecule Bulk-Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells from a Chemical Perspective. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:3118-3134. [PMID: 28544632 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A detailed account of the limiting factors of solvent-annealed bulk-heterojunction small-molecule organic solar cells is given. This account is based on the extensive characterisation of solar cell devices made from a library of five diketopyrolopyrole (DPP) donor dyes. Their chemical structure is designed in such a way as to provide insights into the energetics of solar cell active layer micro-structure formation. Numerous chemical and physical properties of the active layers are assessed and inter-related such as light absorption, molecular packing in the solid state, crystal-forming properties in thin films, charge carrier mobility and charge carrier recombination kinetics. A myriad of characterisation techniques are used such as UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, XRD, AFM and photo-induced transient measurements, which provide information on the optical properties of the active layers, morphology and recombination kinetics. Consequently, a mechanism for the solvent-vapour-annealing-assisted formation of crystalline domains of donor molecules in the active layer is proposed, and the micro-structural features are related to the J-V characteristics of the devices. According to this model, the crystalline phase in which the donor crystallise in the active layer is the key determinant to direct the formation of the micro-structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fernandez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Aurelien Viterisi
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Vijay Challuri
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - James W Ryan
- International Center for Young Scientists (ICYS), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | | | - Francesc Gispert-Guirado
- Scientific Resources Service, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marta Martinez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Escudero
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Caterina Stenta
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lluis F Marsal
- Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans 26, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Emilio Palomares
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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72
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Tarkuç S, Eelkema R, Grozema FC. The relationship between molecular structure and electronic properties in dicyanovinyl substituted acceptor-donor-acceptor chromophores. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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73
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Zara Z, Iqbal J, BiBi S, Sadaf S, Eliasson B. Designing Benzodithiophene-Based Donor Materials with Favorable Photovoltaic Parameters for Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeenat Zara
- Department of Chemistry; University of Agriculture; Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry; University of Agriculture; Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
- Punjab Bio-energy Institute (PBI); University of Agriculture; Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
| | - Shamsa BiBi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Agriculture; Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
| | - Sana Sadaf
- Punjab Bio-energy Institute (PBI); University of Agriculture; Faisalabad 38040 Pakistan
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74
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Huang H, Yang L, Facchetti A, Marks TJ. Organic and Polymeric Semiconductors Enhanced by Noncovalent Conformational Locks. Chem Rev 2017; 117:10291-10318. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 415] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- College
of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology and Chinese Academy
of Sciences Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- College
of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology and Chinese Academy
of Sciences Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Flexterra Corporation, 8025 Lamon
Avenue, Skokie, Illinois 60077, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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75
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Sheng W, Zheng YQ, Wu Q, Wu Y, Yu C, Jiao L, Hao E, Wang JY, Pei J. Synthesis, Properties, and Semiconducting Characteristics of BF2 Complexes of β,β-Bisphenanthrene-Fused Azadipyrromethenes. Org Lett 2017; 19:2893-2896. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanle Sheng
- Laboratory
of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yu-Qing Zheng
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Peking 100080, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Laboratory
of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yayang Wu
- Laboratory
of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Changjiang Yu
- Laboratory
of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- Laboratory
of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Erhong Hao
- Laboratory
of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry
and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Peking 100080, China
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and
Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Peking 100080, China
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76
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Ye SP, Xie YB, Zhao KY, Liu Y, Yang J, Li DJ, Wang L. Synthesis, structures, photophysical and catalytic properties of benzothienyl iridium(III) complexes. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.3184/174751917x14931195075562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bisbenzothienyl iridium(III) complexes, [Ir(bt)2(PR3)]X (bt: 2-phenylbenzo[ d]thiazole, R = n-Bu or Ph, X = OTf, BF4 or SbF6) are reported, two of which, (R = n-Bu or Ph, X = OTf), have been characterised by X-ray crystallography. The complexes are thermally stable and their photophysical properties are presented, together with their catalytic activity in the “borrowing hydrogen reaction” of alcohols with amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Pei Ye
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Bi Xie
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Yan Zhao
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Jian Yang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - De-Jiang Li
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Long Wang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
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77
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Ghosh T, Panicker JS, Nair VC. Self-Assembled Organic Materials for Photovoltaic Application. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E112. [PMID: 30970792 PMCID: PMC6431919 DOI: 10.3390/polym9030112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic photovoltaic cells based on bulk-heterojunction architecture have been a topic of intense research for the past two decades. Recent reports on power conversion efficiency surpassing 10% suggest these devices are a viable low-cost choice for a range of applications where conventional silicon solar cells are not suitable. Further improvements in efficiency could be achieved with the enhanced interaction between the donor and acceptor components. Effective utilization of supramolecular interactions to tailor and manipulate the communication between the components in the blend is a good strategy towards this end. Literature reports suggest that the long-term stability of organic solar cells, a major hurdle for commercial applications, can also be partially addressed by generating stable supramolecular nanostructures. In this review, we have made an attempt to summarize advances in small molecule, oligomer and polymer based systems, wherein supramolecular interactions such as hydrogen-bonding, pi-pi stacking, and dipole-dipole are explored for realizing stable and efficient bulk-heterojunction solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanwistha Ghosh
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110001, India.
| | - Jayanthy S Panicker
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110001, India.
| | - Vijayakumar C Nair
- Photosciences and Photonics Section, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110001, India.
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78
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The A-D-A type small molecules with isomeric benzodithiophene cores: Synthesis and influence of isomers on photoelectronic properties. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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79
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Cai P, Xu X, Sun J, Chen J, Cao Y. Effects of including electron-withdrawing atoms on the physical and photovoltaic properties of indacenodithieno[3,2-b]thiophene-based donor–acceptor polymers: towards an acceptor design for efficient polymer solar cells. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01049d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new D–A polymers using indacenodithieno[3,2-b]thiophene (IDTT) as an electron-rich unit and benzoxadiazole (BO), benzodiathiazole (BT) or difluorobenzothiadiazole (FBT) as an electron-deficient unit were synthesized and applied in solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials
- Guilin University of Electronic Technology
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chalmers University of Technology
- Göteborg
- Sweden
| | - Jiangman Sun
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Junwu Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- P. R. China
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80
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Fluorination-enabled optimal morphology leads to over 11% efficiency for inverted small-molecule organic solar cells. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13740. [PMID: 27991486 PMCID: PMC5187412 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Solution-processable small molecules for organic solar cells have attracted intense attention for their advantages of definite molecular structures compared with their polymer counterparts. However, the device efficiencies based on small molecules are still lower than those of polymers, especially for inverted devices, the highest efficiency of which is <9%. Here we report three novel solution-processable small molecules, which contain π-bridges with gradient-decreased electron density and end acceptors substituted with various fluorine atoms (0F, 1F and 2F, respectively). Fluorination leads to an optimal active layer morphology, including an enhanced domain purity, the formation of hierarchical domain size and a directional vertical phase gradation. The optimal morphology balances charge separation and transfer, and facilitates charge collection. As a consequence, fluorinated molecules exhibit excellent inverted device performance, and an average power conversion efficiency of 11.08% is achieved for a two-fluorine atom substituted molecule.
Organic solar cells based on solution-processable small molecules still lag behind their macromolecule counterparts. Here, Deng et al. develop molecular donors to pair with PC71BM and study how the degree of fluorination impacts the morphology of the heterojunction and the efficiency of the devices.
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81
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Lee J, Sin DH, Clement JA, Kulshreshtha C, Kim HG, Song E, Shin J, Hwang H, Cho K. Medium-Bandgap Conjugated Polymers Containing Fused Dithienobenzochalcogenadiazoles: Chalcogen Atom Effects on Organic Photovoltaics. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Dong Hun Sin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - J. Arul Clement
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Chandramouli Kulshreshtha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Heung Gyu Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Eunjoo Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Jisoo Shin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Hyeongjin Hwang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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82
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Love JA, Chou SH, Huang Y, Bazan GC, Nguyen TQ. Effects of solvent additive on "s-shaped" curves in solution-processed small molecule solar cells. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:2543-2555. [PMID: 28144323 PMCID: PMC5238578 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel molecular chromophore, p-SIDT(FBTThCA8)2, is introduced as an electron-donor material for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells with broad absorption and near ideal energy levels for the use in combination with common acceptor materials. It is found that films cast from chlorobenzene yield devices with strongly s-shaped current-voltage curves, drastically limiting performance. We find that addition of the common solvent additive diiodooctane, in addition to facilitating crystallization, leads to improved vertical phase separation. This yields much better performing devices, with improved curve shape, demonstrating the importance of morphology control in BHJ devices and improving the understanding of the role of solvent additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Love
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States; Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Golm 14476, Germany
| | - Shu-Hua Chou
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States; Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ye Huang
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Guilllermo C Bazan
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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83
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Zhang C, Zang Y, Zhang F, Diao Y, McNeill CR, Di CA, Zhu X, Zhu D. Pursuing High-Mobility n-Type Organic Semiconductors by Combination of "Molecule-Framework" and "Side-Chain" Engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:8456-8462. [PMID: 27435601 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
"Molecule-framework" and "side-chain" engineering is powerful for the design of high-performance organic semiconductors. Based on 2DQTTs, the relationship between molecular structure, film microstructure, and charge-transport property in organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) is studied. 2DQTT-o-B exhibits outstanding electron mobilities of 5.2 cm2 V-1 s-1 , which is a record for air-stable solution-processable n-channel small-molecule OTFTs to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yaping Zang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ying Diao
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Christopher R McNeill
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Chong-An Di
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaozhang Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
| | - Daoben Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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84
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The impact of regiochemistry of conjugated molecules on the performance of organic electronic devices. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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85
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Chou SH, Kang HW, Chang ST, Wu KY, Bazan GC, Wang CL, Lin HL, Chang JH, Lin HW, Huang YC, Tsao CS, Wong KT. Cofacial Versus Coplanar Arrangement in Centrosymmetric Packing Dimers of Dipolar Small Molecules: Structural Effects on the Crystallization Behaviors and Optoelectronic Characteristics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:18266-18276. [PMID: 27348150 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two D-π-A-A molecules (MIDTP and TIDTP) composed of an electron-rich ditolylamino group (D) and an electron-deficient 5-dicyanovinylenylpyrimidine (A-A) fragment bridged together with indeno[1,2-b]thiophene (IDT) were synthesized. These molecules provide an opportunity to examine in-depth the impact of side-chain variations (methyl vs p-tolyl) on the crystallization behaviors, solid-state morphology, physical properties, and optoelectronic characteristics relevant for practical applications. X-ray analyses on single-crystal structures indicate that methyl-substituted MIDTP forms "coplanar antiparallel dimers" via C-H···S interactions and organizes into an ordered slip-staircase arrays. In contrast, p-tolyl-bearing TIDTP shows "cofacial centrosymmetric dimers" via π-π interactions and packs into a less-ordered layered structures. The X-ray diffraction analyses upon thermal treatment are consistent with a superior crystallinity of MIDTP, as compared to that of TIDTP. This difference indicates a greater propensity to organization by introduction of the smaller methyl group versus the bulkier p-tolyl group. The increased propensity for order by MIDTP facilitates the crystallization of MIDTP in both solution-processed and vacuum-deposited thin films. MIDTP forms solution-processed single-crystal arrays that deliver OFET hole mobility of 6.56 × 10(-4) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), whereas TIDTP only forms amorhpous films that gave lower hole mobility of 1.34 × 10(-5) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1). MIDTP and TIDTP were utilized to serve as donors together with C70 as acceptor in the fabrication of small-molecule organic solar cells (SMOSCs) with planar heterojunction (PHJ) or planar-mixed heterojunction (PMHJ) device architectures. OPV devices based on higher crystalline MIDTP delivered power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 2.5% and 4.3% for PHJ and PMHJ device, respectively, which are higher than those of TIDTP-based cells. The improved PCEs of MIDTP-based devices are attributed to better hole-transport character.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao-Wei Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ting Chang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yi Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California at Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106-5090, United States
| | - Chien-Lung Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Hao Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Huang
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research , Taoyuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Si Tsao
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research , Taoyuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - Ken-Tsung Wong
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Academia Sinica , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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86
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Ting HC, Yang YT, Chen CH, Lee JH, Chang JH, Wu CI, Chiu TL, Lin CF, Chung CL, Wong KT. Easy Access to NO2 -Containing Donor-Acceptor-Acceptor Electron Donors for High Efficiency Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:1433-1441. [PMID: 27213296 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Two donor-acceptor-acceptor (D-A-A)-type molecules incorporating nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBO) as the A-A block and ditolylamine as the D block bridged through a phenylene (PNBO) and a thiophene (TNBO) spacer were synthesized in a one-step coupling reaction. Their electronic, photophysical, and thermal properties; crystallographic analysis; and theoretical calculations were studied to establish a clear structure-property relationship. The results indicate that the quinoidal character of the thiophene bridge strongly governs the structural features and crystal packings (herringbone vs. brickwork) and thus the physical properties of the compounds. PNBO and TNBO were utilized as electron donors combined with C70 as the electron acceptor in the active layer of vacuum-processed bulk heterojunction small-molecule organic solar cells (SMOSCs). The power conversion efficiency of both PNBO- and TNBO-based OSCs exceeded 5 %. The ease of accessibility of PNBO and TNBO demonstrates the potential for simple and economical synthesis of electron donors in vacuum-processed SMOSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Chun Ting
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Yang
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsun Chen
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Haw Lee
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
| | - Jung-Hung Chang
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Chih-I Wu
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Lung Chiu
- Department of Photonics Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Feng Lin
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National United University, Taiwan
| | | | - Ken-Tsung Wong
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Academia Sinica, Taiwan.
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87
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Frühbeißer S, Mariani G, Gröhn F. Porphyrin Diacid-Polyelectrolyte Assemblies: Effective Photocatalysts in Solution. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E180. [PMID: 30979275 PMCID: PMC6431837 DOI: 10.3390/polym8050180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing effective and versatile photocatalytic systems is of great potential in solar energy conversion. Here we investigate the formation of supramolecular catalysts by electrostatic self-assembly in aqueous solution: Combining positively charged porphyrins with negatively charged polyelectrolytes leads to nanoscale assemblies where, next to electrostatic interactions, π⁻π interactions also play an important role. Porphyrin diacid-polyelectrolyte assemblies exhibit a substantially enhanced catalytic activity for the light-driven oxidation of iodide. Aggregates with the hexavalent cationic porphyrin diacids show up to 22 times higher catalytic activity than the corresponding aggregates under neutral conditions. The catalytic activity can be increased by increasing the valency of the porphyrin and by choice of the loading ratio. The structural investigation of the supramolecular catalysts took place via atomic force microscopy and small angle neutron scattering. Hence, a new facile concept for the design of efficient and tunable self-assembled photocatalysts is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Frühbeißer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany.
| | - Giacomo Mariani
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany.
- Institut Laue-Langevin DS/LSS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble F-38000, France.
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany.
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88
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Fujii M, Shin W, Yasuda T, Yamashita K. Photon-absorbing charge-bridging states in organic bulk heterojunctions consisting of diketopyrrolopyrrole derivatives and PCBM. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:9514-23. [PMID: 26984809 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp06183k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the photo- and electrochemical properties of five diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) derivatives both experimentally and theoretically. In the experimental study, we found that a blend of a DPP derivative named D2 and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) exhibits the highest internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and power convergence efficiency (PCE) among the five derivatives investigated. In the theoretical study, we found that the open-circuit voltage can be estimated from the difference between the energy gap of frontier orbitals and the voltage loss and that the latter is suppressed when the IQE is large. Then, to investigate the factors that influence the IQE, investigations on charge recombination, hole transfer, and charge transfer induced by photoabsorption were conducted for the complexes of each DPP derivative and PCBM. It was found that D2/PCBM exhibits the largest charge-bridging upon photoabsorption, which leads to the highest IQE and PCE among the five DPP derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikiya Fujii
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
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89
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Reichenberger M, Love JA, Rudnick A, Bagnich S, Panzer F, Stradomska A, Bazan GC, Nguyen TQ, Köhler A. The effect of intermolecular interaction on excited states in p − DTS(FBTTH2)2. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:074904. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4941700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - John A Love
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials, Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Alexander Rudnick
- Experimental Physics II, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sergey Bagnich
- Experimental Physics II, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Fabian Panzer
- Experimental Physics II, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Anna Stradomska
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials, Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials, Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Anna Köhler
- Experimental Physics II, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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90
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Improving the Performances of Random Copolymer Based Organic Solar Cells by Adjusting the Film Features of Active Layers Using Mixed Solvents. Polymers (Basel) 2015; 8:polym8010004. [PMID: 30979101 PMCID: PMC6432537 DOI: 10.3390/polym8010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel random copolymer based on donor–acceptor type polymers containing benzodithiophene and dithienosilole as donors and benzothiazole and diketopyrrolopyrrole as acceptors was designed and synthesized by Stille copolymerization, and their optical, electrochemical, charge transport, and photovoltaic properties were investigated. This copolymer with high molecular weight exhibited broad and strong absorption covering the spectra range from 500 to 800 nm with absorption maxima at around 750 nm, which would be very conducive to obtaining large short-circuits current densities. Unlike the general approach using single solvent to prepare the active layer film, mixed solvents were introduced to change the film feature and improve the morphology of the active layer, which lead to a significant improvement of the power conversion efficiency. These results indicate that constructing random copolymer with multiple donor and acceptor monomers and choosing proper mixed solvents to change the characteristics of the film is a very promising way for manufacturing organic solar cells with large current density and high power conversion efficiency.
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91
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Abdelsamie M, Treat ND, Zhao K, McDowell C, Burgers MA, Li R, Smilgies DM, Stingelin N, Bazan GC, Amassian A. Toward Additive-Free Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells: Roles of the Donor Crystallization Pathway and Dynamics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:7285-7292. [PMID: 26418621 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The ease with which small-molecule donors crystallize during solution processing is directly linked to the need for solvent additives. Donor molecules that get trapped in disordered (H1) or liquid crystalline (T1) mesophases require additive processing to promote crystallization, phase separation, and efficient light harvesting. A donor material (X2) that crystallizes directly from solution yields additive-free solar cells with an efficiency of 7.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged Abdelsamie
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Solar and Photovoltaic Engineering Research Center (SPERC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Neil D Treat
- Department of Materials and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Kui Zhao
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Solar and Photovoltaic Engineering Research Center (SPERC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Caitlin McDowell
- Center for Energy Efficient Materials, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Materials, Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Mark A Burgers
- Center for Energy Efficient Materials, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Materials, Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Ruipeng Li
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Detlef-M Smilgies
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Natalie Stingelin
- Department of Materials and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Center for Energy Efficient Materials, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Materials, Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Aram Amassian
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Solar and Photovoltaic Engineering Research Center (SPERC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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92
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93
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Duan X, Xiao M, Chen J, Wang X, Peng W, Duan L, Tan H, Lei G, Yang R, Zhu W. Improving Photovoltaic Performance of the Linear A-Ar-A-type Small Molecules with Diketopyrropyrrole Arms by Tuning the Linkage Position of the Anthracene Core. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:18292-18299. [PMID: 26234540 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b03338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Two isomeric A-Ar-A-type small molecules of DPP2An(9,10) and DPP2An(2,6), were synthesized with two acceptor arms of diketopyrropyrroles (DPP) and a planar aryl hydrocarbon core of the different substituted anthracene (An), respectively. Their thermal stability, crystallinity, optoelectronic, and photovoltaic performances were investigated. Significantly red-shifted absorption profile and higher HOMO level were observed for the DPP2An(2,6) with 2,6-substituted anthracene relative to the DPP2An(9,10) with 9,10-substituted anthracene, as the former exhibited better planarity and a larger conjugate system. As a result, the solution-processing solar cells based on DPP2An(2,6) and PC71BM (w/w,1:1) displayed remarkably increased power conversion efficiency of 5.44% and short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 11.90 mA/cm(2) under 1% 1,8-diiodooctane additive. The PCE and Jsc values were 3.7 and 2.9 times those of the optimized DPP2An(9,10)-based cells, respectively. This work demonstrates that changing the linkage position of the anthracene core in the A-Ar-A-type SMs can strongly improve the photovoltaic properties in organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongwei Duan
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education , Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Manjun Xiao
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education , Xiangtan 411105, China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education , Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education , Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Wenhong Peng
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education , Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Linrui Duan
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education , Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Hua Tan
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education , Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Gangtie Lei
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education , Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Renqiang Yang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Key Lab of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application in Ministry of Education , Xiangtan 411105, China
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94
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Gao K, Li L, Lai T, Xiao L, Huang Y, Huang F, Peng J, Cao Y, Liu F, Russell TP, Janssen RAJ, Peng X. Deep Absorbing Porphyrin Small Molecule for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells with Very Low Energy Losses. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:7282-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 402] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Gao
- State
Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Lisheng Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Tianqi Lai
- State
Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Liangang Xiao
- State
Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Junbiao Peng
- State
Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- State
Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Thomas P. Russell
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Polymer
Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - René A. J. Janssen
- Molecular
Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaobin Peng
- State
Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
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95
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Yan Z, Dai C, Zhao M, Li Y, Du M, Peng D. Study of pH-responsive surface active ionic liquids: the formation of spherical and wormlike micelles. Colloid Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-015-3552-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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96
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Su WT, Watanabe M, Chang YJ, Chou PT, Ghosh A, Chow TJ. Cycloaddition of hexacene and fullerene[60]. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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97
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Zhou H, Zhang Y, Mai CK, Seifter J, Nguyen TQ, Bazan GC, Heeger AJ. Solution-processed pH-neutral conjugated polyelectrolyte improves interfacial contact in organic solar cells. ACS NANO 2015; 9:371-377. [PMID: 25495025 DOI: 10.1021/nn505378m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic acidic nature of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) hole-transporting layer (HTL) induces interfacial protonation and limits the device performance in organic solar cells based on basic pyridylthiadiazole units. By utilizing a pH neutral, water/alcohol soluble conjugated polyelectrolyte CPE-K as the HTL in p-DTS(PTTh2)2:PC71BM solar cells, a 60% enhancement in PCE has been obtained with an increased V(bi), reduced R(s), and improved charge extraction. These effects originate from the elimination of interfacial protonation and energy barrier compared with the PEDOT:PSS HTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiong Zhou
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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98
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Chen S, Xiao L, Zhu X, Peng X, Wong WK, Wong WY. Solution-processed new porphyrin-based small molecules as electron donors for highly efficient organic photovoltaics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:14439-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05807d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of new A–D–A structural 5,15-dialkylated porphyrin-cored small molecules have been developed as donors in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells, and the highest power conversion efficiency of 6.49% has been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Chen
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Advanced Materials
- Hong Kong Baptist University
- Kowloon Tong
- P. R. China
| | - Liangang Xiao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Xunjin Zhu
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Advanced Materials
- Hong Kong Baptist University
- Kowloon Tong
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaobing Peng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Wai-Kwok Wong
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Advanced Materials
- Hong Kong Baptist University
- Kowloon Tong
- P. R. China
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Advanced Materials
- Hong Kong Baptist University
- Kowloon Tong
- P. R. China
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99
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McAfee SM, Topple JM, Sun JP, Hill IG, Welch GC. The structural evolution of an isoindigo-based non-fullerene acceptor for use in organic photovoltaics. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16696a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The structural evolution of an isoindigo molecule acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth M. McAfee
- Department of Chemistry
- Dalhousie University
- Halifax
- Canada B3H 4R2
| | | | - Jon-Paul Sun
- Department of Physics
- Dalhousie University
- Halifax
- Canada B3H 4R2
| | - Ian G. Hill
- Department of Physics
- Dalhousie University
- Halifax
- Canada B3H 4R2
| | - Gregory C. Welch
- Department of Chemistry
- Dalhousie University
- Halifax
- Canada B3H 4R2
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100
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Han J, Yuan K, Liu C, Wang J, Jian X. Donor–acceptor copolymers containing the phthalazinone–thiophene structure synthesized by classical nucleophilic aromatic polymerization. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03771a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique monomer containing thiophene and phthalazinone groups could make these “non-ether bond poly(aryl ethers)s” change into photoelectric polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Han
- Polymer Science & Materials
- Chemical Engineering College
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Kuanyu Yuan
- Polymer Science & Materials
- Chemical Engineering College
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Polymer Science & Materials
- Chemical Engineering College
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Jinyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Xigao Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
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