51
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Morais PAB, Francisco CS, de Paula H, Ribeiro R, Eloy MA, Javarini CL, Neto ÁC, Júnior VL. Semisynthetic Triazoles as an Approach in the Discovery of Novel Lead Compounds. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272825666210126100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Historically, medicinal chemistry has been concerned with the approach of organic
chemistry for new drug synthesis. Considering the fruitful collections of new molecular entities,
the dedicated efforts for medicinal chemistry are rewarding. Planning and search for new
and applicable pharmacologic therapies involve the altruistic nature of the scientists. Since
the 19th century, notoriously applying isolated and characterized plant-derived compounds in
modern drug discovery and various stages of clinical development highlight its viability and
significance. Natural products influence a broad range of biological processes, covering transcription,
translation, and post-translational modification, being effective modulators of most
basic cellular processes. The research of new chemical entities through “click chemistry”
continuously opens up a map for the remarkable exploration of chemical space towards leading
natural products optimization by structure-activity relationship. Finally, in this review, we expect to gather a
broad knowledge involving triazolic natural product derivatives, synthetic routes, structures, and their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Alves Bezerra Morais
- Centro de Ciencias Exatas, Naturais e da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Carla Santana Francisco
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Heberth de Paula
- Centro de Ciencias Exatas, Naturais e da Saude, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Rayssa Ribeiro
- Programa de Pos- Graduacao em Agroquimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Mariana Alves Eloy
- Programa de Pos- Graduacao em Agroquimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29500000, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Clara Lirian Javarini
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Cunha Neto
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Valdemar Lacerda Júnior
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Quimica, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, 29075910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
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52
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Meijer FA, Saris AOWM, Doveston RG, Oerlemans GJM, de Vries RMJM, Somsen BA, Unger A, Klebl B, Ottmann C, Cossar PJ, Brunsveld L. Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of Trisubstituted Isoxazoles as Selective Allosteric Ligands for the Retinoic-Acid-Receptor-Related Orphan Receptor γt. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9238-9258. [PMID: 34008974 PMCID: PMC8273893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The inhibition of
the nuclear receptor retinoic-acid-receptor-related
orphan receptor γt (RORγt) is a promising strategy in
the treatment of autoimmune diseases. RORγt features an allosteric
binding site within its ligand-binding domain that provides an opportunity
to overcome drawbacks associated with orthosteric modulators. Recently,
trisubstituted isoxazoles were identified as a novel class of allosteric
RORγt inverse agonists. This chemotype offers new opportunities
for optimization into selective and efficacious allosteric drug-like
molecules. Here, we explore the structure–activity relationship
profile of the isoxazole series utilizing a combination of structure-based
design, X-ray crystallography, and biochemical assays. The initial
lead isoxazole (FM26) was optimized, resulting in compounds
with a ∼10-fold increase in potency (low nM), significant cellular
activity, promising pharmacokinetic properties, and a good selectivity
profile over the peroxisome-proliferated-activated receptor γ
and the farnesoid X receptor. We envisage that this work will serve
as a platform for the accelerated development of isoxazoles and other
novel chemotypes for the effective allosteric targeting of RORγt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke A Meijer
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Annet O W M Saris
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Richard G Doveston
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology and School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH Leicester, U.K
| | - Guido J M Oerlemans
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rens M J M de Vries
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bente A Somsen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Unger
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bert Klebl
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Ottmann
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Cossar
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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53
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Jaladanki CK, Khatun S, Gohlke H, Bharatam PV. Reactive Metabolites from Thiazole-Containing Drugs: Quantum Chemical Insights into Biotransformation and Toxicity. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:1503-1517. [PMID: 33900062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Drugs containing thiazole and aminothiazole groups are known to generate reactive metabolites (RMs) catalyzed by cytochrome P450s (CYPs). These RMs can covalently modify essential cellular macromolecules and lead to toxicity and induce idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions. Molecular docking and quantum chemical hybrid DFT study were carried out to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in the biotransformation of thiazole (TZ) and aminothiazole (ATZ) groups leading to RM epoxide, S-oxide, N-oxide, and oxaziridine. The energy barrier required for the epoxidation is 13.63 kcal/mol, that is lower than that of S-oxidation, N-oxidation, and oxaziridine formation (14.56, 17.90, and 20.20, kcal/mol respectively). The presence of the amino group in ATZ further facilitates all the metabolic pathways, for example, the barrier for the epoxidation reaction is reduced by ∼2.5 kcal/mol. Some of the RMs/their isomers are highly electrophilic and tend to form covalent bonds with nucleophilic amino acids, finally leading to the formation of metabolic intermediate complexes (MICs). The energy profiles of these competitive pathways have also been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya K Jaladanki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector -67, S. A. S. Nagar (Mohali), 160 062 Punjab, India
| | - Samima Khatun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector -67, S. A. S. Nagar (Mohali), 160 062 Punjab, India
| | - Holger Gohlke
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, John von Neumann Institute for Computing (NIC), Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC), and Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector -67, S. A. S. Nagar (Mohali), 160 062 Punjab, India
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54
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Jung YH, Salmaso V, Wen Z, Bennett JM, Phung NB, Lieberman DI, Gopinatth V, Randle JCR, Chen Z, Salvemini D, Karcz TP, Cook DN, Jacobson KA. Structure-Activity Relationship of Heterocyclic P2Y 14 Receptor Antagonists: Removal of the Zwitterionic Character with Piperidine Bioisosteres. J Med Chem 2021; 64:5099-5122. [PMID: 33787273 PMCID: PMC8317135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A known zwitterionic, heterocyclic P2Y14R antagonist 3a was substituted with diverse groups on the central phenyl and terminal piperidine moieties, following a computational selection process. The most potent analogues contained an uncharged piperidine bioisostere, prescreened in silico, while an aza-scan (central phenyl ring) reduced P2Y14R affinity. Piperidine amide 11, 3-aminopropynyl 19, and 5-(hydroxymethyl)isoxazol-3-yl) 29 congeners in the triazole series maintained moderate receptor affinity. Adaption of 5-(hydroxymethyl)isoxazol-3-yl gave the most potent naphthalene-containing (32; MRS4654; IC50, 15 nM) and less active phenylamide-containing (33) scaffolds. Thus, a zwitterion was nonessential for receptor binding, and molecular docking and dynamics probed the hydroxymethylisoxazole interaction with extracellular loops. Also, amidomethyl ester prodrugs were explored to reversibly block the conserved carboxylate group to provide neutral analogues, which were cleavable by liver esterase, and in vivo efficacy demonstrated. We have, in stages, converted zwitterionic antagonists into neutral molecules designed to produce potent P2Y14R antagonists for in vivo application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hwan Jung
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Veronica Salmaso
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Zhiwei Wen
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - John M Bennett
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Ngan B Phung
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - David I Lieberman
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Varun Gopinatth
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - John C R Randle
- Random Walk Ventures, LLC, 108 Lincoln Street Unit 6B, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, United States
| | - Zhoumou Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and the Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63104, United States
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and the Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63104, United States
| | - Tadeusz P Karcz
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Donald N Cook
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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55
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Wang Z, Chen T, Liu H, Zhao XL, Hu WB, Yang H, Liu YA, Wen K. Pillar[5]arene-Derived endo-Functionalized Molecular Tube for Mimicking Protein-Ligand Interactions. J Org Chem 2021; 86:6467-6477. [PMID: 33872006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Artificial tubular molecular pockets bearing polar functionalities on their inner surface are useful model systems for understanding the mechanisms of protein-ligand interactions in living systems. We herein report a pillar[5]arene-derived molecular tube, [P4-(OH)BPO], whose endo conformational isomer endo-[P4-(OH)BPO] possesses an inwardly pointing hydrogen-bond (H-bond) donor (OH) in its deep cavity and a strong H-bond acceptor (C═O) on its predominantly hydrophobic inner surface, rendering it a perfect protein binding pocket mimetic. A fragment-based drug design model was established using endo-[P4-(OH)BPO] and a library of various shape-complementary fragment ligands (1-38). On the basis of the binding affinity data for "fragment-pocket" complexes G⊂endo-[P4-(OH)BPO] (G = 1-38), two rationally designed "lead molecules" (39 and 40) were identified as being able to enhance binding affinity significantly by forming H-bonds with both the donor and acceptor of endo-[P4-(OH)BPO]. The described work opens new avenues for developing pillar[n]arene-derived protein binding pocket-mimetic systems for studies of protein-ligand interactions and mechanisms of enzymatic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hua Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Wei-Bo Hu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yahu A Liu
- Medicinal Chemistry, ChemBridge Research Laboratories, San Diego, California 92127, United States
| | - Ke Wen
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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56
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Verma SK, Verma R, Kumar KSS, Banjare L, Shaik AB, Bhandare RR, Rakesh KP, Rangappa KS. A key review on oxadiazole analogs as potential methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity: Structure-activity relationship studies. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 219:113442. [PMID: 33878562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is becoming dangerous to human beings due to easy transmission mode and leading to the difficult-to-treat situation. The rapid resistance development of MRSA to many approved antibiotics is of major concern. There is a lot of scope to develop novel, efficient, specific, and nontoxic drug candidates to fight against MRSA isolates. The interesting molecular structure and adaptable feature of oxadiazole moiety which are bioisosteres of esters and amides, and these functional groups show improved resistance to esterases mediated hydrolytic cleavage, attracting researchers to develop required novel antibiotics based on oxadiazole core. This review summarizes the developments of oxadiazole-containing derivatives as potent antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistant MRSA strains and discussing the structure-activity relationship (SAR) in various directions. The current survey is the highlight of the present scenario of oxadiazole hybrids on MRSA studies, covering articles published from 2011 to 2020. This collective information may become a good platform to plan and develop new oxadiazole-based small molecule growth inhibitors of MRSA with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Verma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Low Metamorphic Coal Clean Utilization, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Rameshwari Verma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Low Metamorphic Coal Clean Utilization, Yulin University, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | | | - Laxmi Banjare
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur, Koni, 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Afzal B Shaik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vignan Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Vadlamudi, 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Richie R Bhandare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman Uniersity, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kadalipura P Rakesh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, PR China
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57
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Kumar V. Designed Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Hydantoins and Hydantoin-Based Hybrid Molecules: A Personal Account. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1480-6474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHydantoin and its analogues such as thiohydantoin and iminohydantoin have received substantial attention from both a chemical and a biological point of view. Several compounds of this class have shown useful pharmacological activities such as anticonvulsant, antitumor, antiarrhythmic, and herbicidal properties that have led, in some cases, to clinical applications. Because of these broad-spectrum activities, intensive research efforts have been dedicated in industry and academia to the synthesis and structural modifications of hydantoin and its derivatives. Realizing the importance of hydantoin in organic and medicinal chemistry, we also initiated a research program that successfully designed and developed new routes and methods for the formation of hydantoin, thiohydantoin, and iminohydantoin substituted at various positions, particularly at the N-1 position without following a protection–deprotection strategy. Because combinations of two or more pharmacophoric groups can lead to hybrid molecules that display a mixed mechanism of action on biological targets, we extended our developed strategy to the syntheses of new types of hydantoin-based hybrid molecules by combining hydantoin with a triazole, isoxazoline, or phosphate scaffold as a second pharmacophore to exploit their diverse biological functions.1 Introduction2 Chemistry and Properties2.1 Physical Properties2.2 Chemical Properties2.3 Biological Properties3 General Synthetic Methods4 Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Hydantoins5 Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Thiohydantoins6 Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Iminohydantoins7 Fused or Bicyclic (Thio)hydantoins8 Di- or Multivalent (Thio)hydantoins9 Hydantoin-Based Hybrid Molecules9.1 Hydantoin–Isooxazoline Hybrids9.2 Hydantoin–Triazole Hybrids9.3 Hydantoin–Phosphate Hybrids: Phosphorylated Hydantoins10 Summary and Outlook
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58
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Synthesis of novel thiophene fused pyrazoline-thiocyanatoethanone derivative: Spectral, DFT, pharmacological, docking and in vitro antibacterial studies. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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59
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Mirzaei MS, Ivanov MV, Taherpour AA, Mirzaei S. Mechanism-Based Inactivation of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: Computational Insights. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:959-987. [PMID: 33769041 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mechanism-based inactivation (MBI) refers to the metabolic bioactivation of a xenobiotic by cytochrome P450s to a highly reactive intermediate which subsequently binds to the enzyme and leads to the quasi-irreversible or irreversible inhibition. Xenobiotics, mainly drugs with specific functional units, are the major sources of MBI. Two possible consequences of MBI by medicinal compounds are drug-drug interaction and severe toxicity that are observed and highlighted by clinical experiments. Today almost all of these latent functional groups (e.g., thiophene, furan, alkylamines, etc.) are known, and their features and mechanisms of action, owing to the vast experimental and theoretical studies, are determined. In the past decade, molecular modeling techniques, mostly density functional theory, have revealed the most feasible mechanism that a drug undergoes by P450 enzymes to generate a highly reactive intermediate. In this review, we provide a comprehensive and detailed picture of computational advances toward the elucidation of the activation mechanisms of various known groups with MBI activity. To this aim, we briefly describe the computational concepts to carry out and analyze the mechanistic investigations, and then, we summarize the studies on compounds with known inhibition activity including thiophene, furan, alkylamines, terminal acetylene, etc. This study can be reference literature for both theoretical and experimental (bio)chemists in several different fields including rational drug design, the process of toxicity prevention, and the discovery of novel inhibitors and catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Saeed Mirzaei
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran 67149-67346
| | - Maxim V Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Avat Arman Taherpour
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran 67149-67346.,Medical Biology Research Centre, University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 67149-67346
| | - Saber Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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60
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Endoori S, Gulipalli KC, Bodige S, Ravula P, Seelam N. Design, synthesis, anticancer activity, and in silico studies of novel imidazo[1,2‐
a
]pyridine based
1
H
‐1,2,3‐triazole derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Endoori
- Department of Chemistry Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Guntur India
| | | | - Srinu Bodige
- Department of Chemistry Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Guntur India
| | - Parameshwar Ravula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus, School of Pharmacy Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad India
| | - Nareshvarma Seelam
- Department of Chemistry Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Guntur India
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61
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Bioremedial approach of Pseudomonas stutzeri SPM-1 for textile azo dye degradation. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:2669-2680. [PMID: 33713141 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02258-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The optimization of the bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri SPM-1, obtained from textile wastewater dumping sites of Surat, Gujarat was studied for the degradation of the textile azo dye Procion Red-H3B. The strain showed significant activities of azoreductase (95%), laccase (76%) and NADH-DCIP reductase (88%) at 12, 10 and 8 h of growth, respectively, indicating the evidence for reductive cleavage of the dye. The optimization was carried on phenanthrene enrichment medium followed by exposing it to variable environmental factors and nutritional sources. The complete decolourization of dye (50 mg/L) happened within 20 h of incubation at pH 8 and temperature 32 ± 0.2 °C under microaerophilic condition. Decolourization was monitored with the shifting of absorbance peak in UV-Vis spectrophotometry and HPLC analysis. The changes in the functional groups were confirmed by the presence of new peaks in FT-IR data. GC-MS analysis helped in recognizing the degraded dye compounds thus elucidating the proposed pathway for Procion Red-H3B. The potential of bioremediation process was completed by phytotoxicity test using two plants Vigna radiata and Cicer arietinum. Our study concludes that the strain Pseudomonas stutzeri SPM-1, with its rapid decolourization efficiency holds noteworthy prospective in industrial application for textile wastewater treatment.
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62
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Surapaneni S, Yerramilli U, Bai A, Dalvie D, Brooks J, Wang X, Selkirk JV, Yan YG, Zhang P, Hargreaves R, Kumar G, Palmisano M, Tran JQ. Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion, In Vitro Pharmacology, and Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Ozanimod, a Novel Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Modulator. Drug Metab Dispos 2021; 49:405-419. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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63
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Rajni Swamy V, Krishnakumar R, Srinivasan N, Sivakumar S, Kumar RR. Coordinated compliance of chloro-methyl and bromo-methyl exchange rule in two dihydrofuran carbonitrile derivatives. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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64
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Importance of substituents in ring opening: a DFT study on a model reaction of thiazole to thioamide. J Mol Model 2021; 27:89. [PMID: 33611758 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04704-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Thiazole ring is an important active molecular skeleton of drugs. Thiazole in natural products and drugs are usually harmlessly eliminated. However, hepatotoxic reactions may occur due to the biological activation of thiazole to produce reactive thioamide. A typical example is hepatotoxic sudoxicam and safety meloxicam. The only structural difference between them is a methyl group on C5 position of thiazole in meloxicam. The molecular basis for the difference remains unknown and the bioactivation mechanism of the thiazole ring is still obscure. Quantum chemical calculations were performed to elucidate the activation mechanism of the thiazole ring under P450 catalysis, and the influence of the substituents on the activation pathways of thiazole ring was also studied. The calculated results show that the activation of thiazole is closely related to the substituents on the thiazole and spin state of Cpd I. The thiazole and substituted thiazole directly open the ring when catalyzed by doublet spin state Cpd I that catalyzed by the quartet spin state Cpd I can open the ring directly or indirectly, which is related to the substituents. Thiazoles modified with electron-donating substituents mainly undergo direct ring opening, while thiazoles modified with electron-withdrawing groups or weak electron-donating groups mainly undergo indirect ring-opening process accompanied by intermediate formation. The research results laid the foundation for the design of thiazole ring drugs, and also laid a theoretical foundation for the study of reducing the toxicity of thiazole ring drugs.
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65
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Tlahuext-Aca A, Hartwig JF. Site-Selective Silver-Catalyzed C-H Bond Deuteration of Five-Membered Aromatic Heterocycles and Pharmaceuticals. ACS Catal 2021; 11:1119-1127. [PMID: 35586574 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic methods for the direct introduction of hydrogen isotopes into organic molecules are essential to the development of improved pharmaceuticals and to the alteration of their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties. However, the development of homogeneous catalysts for selective incorporation of isotopes in the absence of directing groups under practical conditions remains a long-standing challenge. Here, we show that a phosphine-ligated, silver-carbonate complex catalyzes the site-selective deuteration of C-H bonds in five-membered aromatic heterocycles and active pharmaceutical ingredients that have been resistant to catalytic H/D exchange. The reactions occur with CH3OD as a low-cost source of the isotope. The silver catalysts react with five-membered heteroarenes lacking directing groups, tolerate a wide range of functional groups, and react in both polar and nonpolar solvents. Mechanistic experiments, including deuterium kinetic isotope effects, determination of kinetic orders, and identification of the catalyst resting state, support C-H bond cleavage from a phosphine-ligated, silver-carbonate intermediate as the rate-determining step of the catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Tlahuext-Aca
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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66
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Microbial degradation of Procion Red by Pseudomonas stutzeri. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3075. [PMID: 33542307 PMCID: PMC7862368 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82494-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri SPM-1, obtained from textile wastewater dumping sites of Surat, Gujarat was studied for the degradation of the textile azo dye Procion Red-H3B. The optimization was carried on the phenanthrene enrichment medium followed by exposing it to variable environmental factors and nutritional sources. The complete decolorization of dye (50 mg/L) happened within 20 h of incubation at pH 8 and temperature 32 ± 0.2 °C under microaerophilic conditions. Decolourization was monitored with the shifting of absorbance peak in UV-Vis spectrophotometry and HPLC analysis. The physicochemical studies of effluent before and after the treatment revealed 85%, 90%, and 65% decline in BOD, COD, and TOC levels. The strain showed significant activities of azoreductase (95%), laccase (76%), and NADH-DCIP reductase (88%) at 12 h, 10 h, and 8 h of growth respectively indicating evidence for reductive cleavage of the dye. The changes in the functional groups were confirmed by the presence of new peaks in FT-IR data. GC-MS analysis helped in recognizing the degraded dye compounds thus elucidating the proposed pathway for degradation of Procion Red-H3B. The potential of the bioremediation process was concluded by a phytotoxicity test using two plants, Vigna radiata and Cicer arietinum. Our study demonstrates that the strain Pseudomonas stutzeri SPM-1 has rapid decolorization efficiency and holds a noteworthy perspective in industrial application for textile wastewater treatment.
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67
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Lakhey N, Sierra-Alvarez R, Couger MB, Krzmarzick MJ, Field JA. Anammox enrichment culture has unexpected capabilities to biotransform azole contaminants of emerging concern. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128550. [PMID: 33065321 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Azoles are contaminants of emerging concern. They have a ubiquitous presence in the environment due to their wide variety of uses. This study investigated the fate of two commonly occurring azole compounds in an anammox enrichment culture. The results showed that 1H-pyrazole (PA) and 1H-1,2,4-triazole (TA) were biotransformed yielding major biotransformation products, 3-amino-1H-pyrazole and 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole, respectively. Nitrate and glucose greatly stimulated the biotransformation. Under optimized conditions, 80.7% of PA and 16.4% of TA were biotransformed in an incubation period of 6 days. High molar product yield of 84.5% and 83.6% was observed per mole of PA and TA biotransformed, respectively. This novel and selective biotransformation constitutes the first report on the microbial biotransformation of PA and is amongst the very few reports on the biotransformation of TA. This study also provides evidence that anammox enrichments have unexpected capabilities to biotransform organic contaminants of emerging concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivrutti Lakhey
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Reyes Sierra-Alvarez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Matthew Brian Couger
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mark J Krzmarzick
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Jim A Field
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
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68
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Monk BC, Keniya MV. Roles for Structural Biology in the Discovery of Drugs and Agrochemicals Targeting Sterol 14α-Demethylases. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:67. [PMID: 33498194 PMCID: PMC7908997 DOI: 10.3390/jof7020067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antifungal drugs and antifungal agrochemicals have significant limitations. These include several unintended consequences of their use including the growing importance of intrinsic and acquired resistance. These problems underpin an increasingly urgent need to improve the existing classes of antifungals and to discover novel antifungals. Structural insights into drug targets and their complexes with both substrates and inhibitory ligands increase opportunity for the discovery of more effective antifungals. Implementation of this promise, which requires multiple skill sets, is beginning to yield candidates from discovery programs that could more quickly find their place in the clinic. This review will describe how structural biology is providing information for the improvement and discovery of inhibitors targeting the essential fungal enzyme sterol 14α-demethylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C. Monk
- Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand;
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69
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Guengerich FP, McCarty KD, Chapman JG. Kinetics of cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition by heterocyclic drugs defines a general sequential multistep binding process. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100223. [PMID: 33449875 PMCID: PMC7948456 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.016855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (P450) 3A4 is the enzyme most involved in the metabolism of drugs and can also oxidize numerous steroids. This enzyme is also involved in one-half of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions, but details of the exact mechanisms of P450 3A4 inhibition are still unclear in many cases. Ketoconazole, clotrimazole, ritonavir, indinavir, and itraconazole are strong inhibitors; analysis of the kinetics of reversal of inhibition with the model substrate 7-benzoyl quinoline showed lag phases in several cases, consistent with multiple structures of P450 3A4 inhibitor complexes. Lags in the onset of inhibition were observed when inhibitors were added to P450 3A4 in 7-benzoyl quinoline O-debenzylation reactions, and similar patterns were observed for inhibition of testosterone 6β-hydroxylation by ritonavir and indinavir. Upon mixing with inhibitors, P450 3A4 showed rapid binding as judged by a spectral shift with at least partial high-spin iron character, followed by a slower conversion to a low-spin iron-nitrogen complex. The changes were best described by two intermediate complexes, one being a partial high-spin form and the second another intermediate, with half-lives of seconds. The kinetics could be modeled in a system involving initial loose binding of inhibitor, followed by a slow step leading to a tighter complex on a multisecond time scale. Although some more complex possibilities cannot be dismissed, these results describe a system in which conformationally distinct forms of P450 3A4 bind inhibitors rapidly and two distinct P450-inhibitor complexes exist en route to the final enzyme-inhibitor complex with full inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Peter Guengerich
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
| | - Kevin D McCarty
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jesse G Chapman
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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70
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Guengerich FP. A history of the roles of cytochrome P450 enzymes in the toxicity of drugs. Toxicol Res 2021; 37:1-23. [PMID: 32837681 PMCID: PMC7431904 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-020-00056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The history of drug metabolism began in the 19th Century and developed slowly. In the mid-20th Century the relationship between drug metabolism and toxicity became appreciated, and the roles of cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes began to be defined in the 1960s. Today we understand much about the metabolism of drugs and many aspects of safety assessment in the context of a relatively small number of human P450s. P450s affect drug toxicity mainly by either reducing exposure to the parent molecule or, in some cases, by converting the drug into a toxic entity. Some of the factors involved are enzyme induction, enzyme inhibition (both reversible and irreversible), and pharmacogenetics. Issues related to drug toxicity include drug-drug interactions, drug-food interactions, and the roles of chemical moieties of drug candidates in drug discovery and development. The maturation of the field of P450 and drug toxicity has been facilitated by advances in analytical chemistry, computational capability, biochemistry and enzymology, and molecular and cell biology. Problems still arise with P450s and drug toxicity in drug discovery and development, and in the pharmaceutical industry the interaction of scientists in medicinal chemistry, drug metabolism, and safety assessment is critical for success.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Peter Guengerich
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 638B Robinson Research Building, 2200 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232-0146 USA
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71
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Grymel M, Pastuch-Gawołek G, Lalik A, Zawojak M, Boczek S, Krawczyk M, Erfurt K. Glycoconjugation of Betulin Derivatives Using Copper-Catalyzed 1,3-Dipolar Azido-Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction and a Preliminary Assay of Cytotoxicity of the Obtained Compounds. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25246019. [PMID: 33353244 PMCID: PMC7766341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25246019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentacyclic lupane-type triterpenoids, such as betulin and its synthetic derivatives, display a broad spectrum of biological activity. However, one of the major drawbacks of these compounds as potential therapeutic agents is their high hydrophobicity and low bioavailability. On the other hand, the presence of easily transformable functional groups in the parent structure makes betulin have a high synthetic potential and the ability to form different derivatives. In this context, research on the synthesis of new betulin derivatives as conjugates of naturally occurring triterpenoid with a monosaccharide via a linker containing a heteroaromatic 1,2,3-triazole ring was presented. It has been shown that copper-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC) provides an easy and effective way to synthesize new molecular hybrids based on natural products. The chemical structures of the obtained betulin glycoconjugates were confirmed by spectroscopic analysis. Cytotoxicity of the obtained compounds was evaluated on a human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) and colorectal carcinoma cell line (HCT 116). The obtained results show that despite the fact that the obtained betulin glycoconjugates do not show interesting antitumor activity, the idea of adding a sugar unit to the betulin backbone may, after some modifications, turn out to be correct and allow for the targeted transport of betulin glycoconjugates into the tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosława Grymel
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (M.Z.); (S.B.); (M.K.)
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-032-237-1873
| | - Gabriela Pastuch-Gawołek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (M.Z.); (S.B.); (M.K.)
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Anna Lalik
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Zawojak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (M.Z.); (S.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Seweryn Boczek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (M.Z.); (S.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Monika Krawczyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (G.P.-G.); (M.Z.); (S.B.); (M.K.)
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Karol Erfurt
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
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72
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Koçyiğit ÜM, Taslimi P, Tüzün B, Yakan H, Muğlu H, Güzel E. 1,2,3-Triazole substituted phthalocyanine metal complexes as potential inhibitors for anticholinesterase and antidiabetic enzymes with molecular docking studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:4429-4439. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1857842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ümit M. Koçyiğit
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartın University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Burak Tüzün
- Department of Chemistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Hasan Yakan
- Department of Chemistry Education, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Halit Muğlu
- Department of Chemistry, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Emre Güzel
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya, Turkey
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73
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Zhao F, Sun X, Lu W, Xu L, Shi J, Yang S, Zhou M, Su F, Lin F, Cao F. Synthesis of novel, DNA binding heterocyclic dehydroabietylamine derivatives as potential antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing agents. Drug Deliv 2020; 27:216-227. [PMID: 31984809 PMCID: PMC7034089 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1716879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several dehydroabietylamine derivatives containing heterocyclic moieties such as thiophene and pyrazine ring were successfully synthesized. The antiproliferative activities of these thiophene-based Schiff-bases, thiophene amides, and pyrazine amides were investigated in vitro against Hela (cervix), MCF-7 (breast), A549 (lung), HepG2 (liver), and HUVEC (umbilical vein) cells by MTT assay. The toxicity of L1-L10 (IC50 = 5.92- >100 μM) was lower than L0 (1.27 μM) and DOX (4.40 μM) in every case. Compound L1 had higher anti-HepG2 (0.66 μM), anti-MCF-7 (5.33 μM), and anti-A549 (2.11 μM) and compound L3 had higher anti-HepG2 (1.63 μM) and anti-MCF-7 (2.65 μM) activities. Both of these compounds were recognized with high efficiency in apoptosis induction in HepG2 cells and intercalated binding modes with DNA. Moreover, with average IC50 values of 0.66 and 5.98 μM, L1 was nine times more effective at suppressing cultured HepG2 cells viability than normal cells (SI = 9). The relative tumor proliferation rate (T/C) was 38.6%, the tumor inhibition rate was up to 61.2%, which indicated that L1 had no significant toxicity but high anti-HepG2 activity in vivo. Thus, it may be a potential antiproliferation drug with nontoxic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyi Zhao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry
in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR
China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing, PR China
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xu Sun
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing, PR China
- College of Information Science and Technology,
Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wen Lu
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Li Xu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry
in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR
China
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jiuzhou Shi
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Shilong Yang
- Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing
Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Mengyi Zhou
- Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing
Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Fan Su
- Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing
Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Feng Lin
- Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing
Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Fuliang Cao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry
in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR
China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing, PR China
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74
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Barnette DA, Schleiff MA, Datta A, Flynn N, Swamidass SJ, Miller GP. Meloxicam methyl group determines enzyme specificity for thiazole bioactivation compared to sudoxicam. Toxicol Lett 2020; 338:10-20. [PMID: 33253783 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Meloxicam is a thiazole-containing NSAID that was approved for marketing with favorable clinical outcomes despite being structurally similar to the hepatotoxic sudoxicam. Introduction of a single methyl group on the thiazole results in an overall lower toxic risk, yet the group's impact on P450 isozyme bioactivation is unclear. Through analytical methods, we used inhibitor phenotyping and recombinant P450s to identify contributing P450s, and then measured steady-state kinetics for bioactivation of sudoxicam and meloxicam by the recombinant P450s to determine relative efficiencies. Experiments showed that CYP2C8, 2C19, and 3A4 catalyze sudoxicam bioactivation, and CYP1A2 catalyzes meloxicam bioactivation, indicating that the methyl group not only impacts enzyme affinity for the drugs, but also alters which isozymes catalyze the metabolic pathways. Scaling of relative P450 efficiencies based on average liver concentration revealed that CYP2C8 dominates the sudoxicam bioactivation pathway and CYP2C9 dominates meloxicam detoxification. Dominant P450s were applied for an informatics assessment of electronic health records to identify potential correlations between meloxicam drug-drug interactions and drug-induced liver injury. Overall, our findings provide a cautionary tale on assumed impacts of even simple structural modifications on drug bioactivation while also revealing specific targets for clinical investigations of predictive factors that determine meloxicam-induced idiosyncratic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustyn A Barnette
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, United States
| | - Mary A Schleiff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, United States
| | - Arghya Datta
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, 660 S Euclid Ave, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States
| | - Noah Flynn
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, 660 S Euclid Ave, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States
| | - S Joshua Swamidass
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, 660 S Euclid Ave, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States
| | - Grover P Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, United States.
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75
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Grillo MP, Markova S, Evanchik M, Trellu M, Moliner P, Brun P, Perreard-Dumaine A, Vicat P, Driscoll JP, Carlson TJ. Preclinical in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic properties of danicamtiv, a new targeted myosin activator for the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy. Xenobiotica 2020; 51:222-238. [PMID: 33078965 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2020.1839982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease of the myocardium defined by left ventricular enlargement and systolic dysfunction leading to heart failure. Danicamtiv, a new targeted myosin activator designed for the treatment of DCM, was characterised in in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies. Danicamtiv human hepatic clearance was predicted to be 0.5 mL/min/kg from in vitro metabolic stability studies in human hepatocytes. For human, plasma protein binding was moderate with a fraction unbound of 0.16, whole blood-to-plasma partitioning ratio was 0.8, and danicamtiv showed high permeability and no efflux in a Caco-2 cell line. Danicamtiv metabolism pathways in vitro included CYP-mediated amide-cleavage, N-demethylation, as well as isoxazole- and piperidine-ring-opening. Danicamtiv clearance in vivo was low across species with 15.5, 15.3, 1.6, and 5.7 mL/min/kg in mouse, rat, dog, and monkey, respectively. Volume of distribution ranged from 0.24 L/kg in mouse to 1.7 L/kg in rat. Oral bioavailability ranged from 26% in mouse to 108% in dog. Simple allometric scaling prediction of human plasma clearance, volume of distribution, and half-life was 0.64 mL/min/kg, 0.98 L/kg, and 17.7 h, respectively. Danicamtiv preclinical attributes and predicted human pharmacokinetics supported advancement toward clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Grillo
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, MyoKardia Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Svetlana Markova
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, MyoKardia Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA.,Jazz Pharmaceuticals Inc, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Marc Evanchik
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, MyoKardia Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA.,Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Assembly Biosciences Inc R&D Main Facility, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marc Trellu
- DMPK Research Platform France, Sanofi-Aventis Recherche et Développement, Chilly Mazarin, France
| | | | - Priscilla Brun
- DMPK Research Platform France, Sanofi-Aventis Recherche et Développement, Chilly Mazarin, France
| | - Anne Perreard-Dumaine
- DMPK Research Platform France, Sanofi-Aventis Recherche et Développement, Alfortville, France
| | - Pascale Vicat
- DMPK Research Platform France, Sanofi-Aventis Recherche et Développement, Alfortville, France
| | - James P Driscoll
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, MyoKardia Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tim J Carlson
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, MyoKardia Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
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76
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Goracci L, Desantis J, Valeri A, Castellani B, Eleuteri M, Cruciani G. Understanding the Metabolism of Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs): The Next Step toward Pharmaceutical Applications. J Med Chem 2020; 63:11615-11638. [PMID: 33026811 PMCID: PMC8015227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hetero-bifunctional PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) represent a new emerging class of small molecules designed to induce polyubiquitylation and proteasomal-dependent degradation of a target protein. Despite the increasing number of publications about the synthesis, biological evaluation, and mechanism of action of PROTACs, the characterization of the pharmacokinetic properties of this class of compounds is still minimal. Here, we report a study on the metabolism of a series of 40 PROTACs in cryopreserved human hepatocytes at multiple time points. Our results indicated that the metabolism of PROTACs could not be predicted from that of their constituent ligands. Their linkers' chemical nature and length resulted in playing a major role in the PROTACs' liability. A subset of compounds was also tested for metabolism by human cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and human aldehyde oxidase (hAOX) for more in-depth data interpretation, and both enzymes resulted in active PROTAC metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Goracci
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Jenny Desantis
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Beatrice Castellani
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Michela Eleuteri
- Montelino
Therapeutics, LLC, 7
Powdermill Lane, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772 Unites States
| | - Gabriele Cruciani
- Department
of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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77
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Rai G, Urban DJ, Mott BT, Hu X, Yang SM, Benavides GA, Johnson MS, Squadrito GL, Brimacombe KR, Lee TD, Cheff DM, Zhu H, Henderson MJ, Pohida K, Sulikowski GA, Dranow DM, Kabir M, Shah P, Padilha E, Tao D, Fang Y, Christov PP, Kim K, Jana S, Muttil P, Anderson T, Kunda NK, Hathaway HJ, Kusewitt DF, Oshima N, Cherukuri M, Davies DR, Norenberg JP, Sklar LA, Moore WJ, Dang CV, Stott GM, Neckers L, Flint AJ, Darley-Usmar VM, Simeonov A, Waterson AG, Jadhav A, Hall MD, Maloney DJ. Pyrazole-Based Lactate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors with Optimized Cell Activity and Pharmacokinetic Properties. J Med Chem 2020; 63:10984-11011. [PMID: 32902275 PMCID: PMC7830743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate, with concomitant oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as the final step in the glycolytic pathway. Glycolysis plays an important role in the metabolic plasticity of cancer cells and has long been recognized as a potential therapeutic target. Thus, potent, selective inhibitors of LDH represent an attractive therapeutic approach. However, to date, pharmacological agents have failed to achieve significant target engagement in vivo, possibly because the protein is present in cells at very high concentrations. We report herein a lead optimization campaign focused on a pyrazole-based series of compounds, using structure-based design concepts, coupled with optimization of cellular potency, in vitro drug-target residence times, and in vivo PK properties, to identify first-in-class inhibitors that demonstrate LDH inhibition in vivo. The lead compounds, named NCATS-SM1440 (43) and NCATS-SM1441 (52), possess desirable attributes for further studying the effect of in vivo LDH inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesha Rai
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Daniel J. Urban
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Bryan T. Mott
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Xin Hu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Shyh-Ming Yang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Gloria A. Benavides
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Michelle S. Johnson
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Giuseppe L. Squadrito
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Kyle R. Brimacombe
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Tobie D. Lee
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Dorian M. Cheff
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Hu Zhu
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Mark J. Henderson
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Katherine Pohida
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Gary A. Sulikowski
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - David M. Dranow
- Beryllium Discovery Corp., Bainbridge Island, Washington 98110, United States
| | - Md Kabir
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Pranav Shah
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Elias Padilha
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Dingyin Tao
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, United States
| | - Yuhong Fang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Plamen P. Christov
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Kwangho Kim
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Somnath Jana
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Pavan Muttil
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Tamara Anderson
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Nitesh K. Kunda
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Helen J. Hathaway
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Donna F. Kusewitt
- Dept of Pathology, University of New Mexico Cancer Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Nobu Oshima
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Murali Cherukuri
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Douglas R. Davies
- Beryllium Discovery Corp., Bainbridge Island, Washington 98110, United States
| | - Jeffrey P. Norenberg
- College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Larry A. Sklar
- Dept of Pathology, University of New Mexico Cancer Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - William J. Moore
- NExT Program Support, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Chi V. Dang
- Abramson Cancer Center, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10017, United States
| | - Gordon M. Stott
- NExT Program Support, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Leonard Neckers
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Andrew J. Flint
- NExT Program Support, Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Victor M. Darley-Usmar
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Anton Simeonov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Alex G. Waterson
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Ajit Jadhav
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Matthew D. Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United State
| | - David J. Maloney
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
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78
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2-aminothiazoles in drug discovery: Privileged structures or toxicophores? Chem Biol Interact 2020; 330:109244. [PMID: 32861748 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The 2-aminothiazole functionality has long been established as a privileged structural feature and therefore frequently exploited in the process of drug discovery and development. It has been introduced into numerous compounds due to its capacity for targeting a wide range of therapeutic target proteins. On the other hand, the aminothiazole group has also been classified as a toxicophore susceptible to metabolic activation and the ensuing reactive metabolite formation, hence caution is warranted when used in drug design. This review is divided into three parts entailing: (i) the general characteristics of the aminothiazole group, (ii) the advantages of the aminothiazole group in medicinal chemistry, and (iii) the impact of the integrated aminothiazole group on compound safety profile.
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79
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Gampe C, Verma VA. Curse or Cure? A Perspective on the Developability of Aldehydes as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14357-14381. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Gampe
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, 94080 California, United States
| | - Vishal A. Verma
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, 94080 California, United States
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80
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Narva S, Xiong X, Ma X, Tanaka Y, Wu Y, Zhang W. Synthesis and Evaluation of Biphenyl-1,2,3-Triazol-Benzonitrile Derivatives as PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:21181-21190. [PMID: 32875254 PMCID: PMC7450630 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of 3-(4-((5-((2-methylbiphenyl-3-yl) methoxy)-2-(piperazin-1-ylmethyl)phenoxy)methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)benzonitrile derivatives and examined the effect of the compounds on the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1. Among the newly synthesized compounds, compound 7 exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity for PD-1/PD-L1 binding, with an IC50 value being 8.52 μM, through homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) assay. Docking studies indicated that compound 7 can very well interact with PD-L1 dimerization like BMS-202 as a positive control, consistent with the results of the HTRF assay. Compound 7 is thus a promising candidate for further optimization as an inhibitor of the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Narva
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical
Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Institute
of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xuqiong Xiong
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical
Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Institute
of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xudong Ma
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical
Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Institute
of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yoshimasa Tanaka
- Center
for Medical Innovation, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Yanling Wu
- Laboratory
of Molecular Immunology, Virus Inspection Department, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical
Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Institute
of Drug Development & Chemical Biology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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81
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Lippa RA, Barrett J, Pal S, Rowedder JE, Murphy JA, Barrett TN. Discovery of the first potent and selective α vβ 5 integrin inhibitor based on an amide-containing core. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 208:112719. [PMID: 32865176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Integrins αvβ5 and αvβ3 are closely related, proangiogenic members of the wider RGD-binding integrin family. Due to their high sequence homology, the development of αvβ5-selective compounds has remained elusive to synthetic and medicinal chemists. Herein, we describe a survey of SAR around a series of amide-containing 3-aryl-succinamic acid-based RGD mimetics. This resulted in the discovery of α,α,α-trifluorotolyl 12 which exhibits 800 × selectivity for αvβ5versus αvβ3 with a pyrrolidine amide linker that confers selectivity for αvβ5 by positioning a key aryl ring in the SDL of αvβ5 with good complementarity; binding in this mode is disfavoured in αvβ3 due to clashes with key residues in the β3-subunit. Compound 12 exhibits selective inhibition by a cell adhesion assay, high passive permeability and solubility which enables potential use of this inhibitor as an αvβ5-selective in vitro tool compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys A Lippa
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, Scotland, UK
| | - John Barrett
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Sandeep Pal
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - James E Rowedder
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - John A Murphy
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, Scotland, UK
| | - Tim N Barrett
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK.
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82
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Synthesis and anti-proliferative activity of a novel 1,2,3-triazole tethered chalcone acetamide derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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83
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Methyl-2,2-difluoro-2-(fluorosulfonyl) acetate (MDFA)/copper (I) iodide mediated and tetrabutylammonium iodide promoted trifluoromethylation of 1-aryl-4-iodo-1,2,3-triazoles. J Fluor Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2020.109516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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84
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Wu ZT, Li ZQ, Shi W, Wang LL, Jiang Y, Li P, Li HJ. The crucial role of metabolic regulation in differential hepatotoxicity induced by furanoids in Dioscorea bulbifera. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:57-69. [PMID: 31955824 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)30005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Diterpenoid lactones (DLs), a group of furan-containing compounds found in Dioscorea bulbifera L. (DB), have been reported to be associated with hepatotoxicity. Different hepatotoxicities of these DLs have been observed in vitro, but reasonable explanations for the differential hepatotoxicity have not been provided. Herein, the present study aimed to confirm the potential factors that contribute to varied hepatotoxicity of four representative DLs (diosbulbins A, B, C, F). In vitro toxic effects were evaluated in various cell models and the interactions between DLs and CYP3A4 at the atomic level were simulated by molecular docking. Results showed that DLs exhibited varied cytotoxicities, and that CYP3A4 played a modulatory role in this process. Moreover, structural variation may cause different affinities between DLs and CYP3A4, which was positively correlated with the observation of cytotoxicity. In addition, analysis of the glutathione (GSH) conjugates indicated that reactive intermediates were formed by metabolic oxidation that occurred on the furan moiety of DLs, whereas, GSH consumption analysis reflected the consistency between the reactive metabolites and the hepatotoxicity. Collectively, our findings illustrated that the metabolic regulation played a crucial role in generating the varied hepatotoxicity of DLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Tian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhuo-Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ling-Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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85
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Seal JT, Atkinson SJ, Aylott H, Bamborough P, Chung CW, Copley RCB, Gordon L, Grandi P, Gray JRJ, Harrison LA, Hayhow TG, Lindon M, Messenger C, Michon AM, Mitchell D, Preston A, Prinjha RK, Rioja I, Taylor S, Wall ID, Watson RJ, Woolven JM, Demont EH. The Optimization of a Novel, Weak Bromo and Extra Terminal Domain (BET) Bromodomain Fragment Ligand to a Potent and Selective Second Bromodomain (BD2) Inhibitor. J Med Chem 2020; 63:9093-9126. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paola Grandi
- IVIVT Cellzome, Platform Technology and Science, GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anne-Marie Michon
- IVIVT Cellzome, Platform Technology and Science, GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Simon Taylor
- IVIVT Cellzome, Platform Technology and Science, GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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86
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Shu M, Ran L, Liu K, Yang W, Wang Q. An efficient and regiospecific synthesis of 1,5-diaryl-4-benzothiazolyl-1,2,3-triazoles by organocatalytic 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1758144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Shu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Liqiong Ran
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Kexiong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
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87
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Deswal S, Naveen, Tittal RK, Ghule Vikas D, Lal K, Kumar A. 5-Fluoro-1H-indole-2,3-dione-triazoles- synthesis, biological activity, molecular docking, and DFT study. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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88
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Barnette DA, Schleiff MA, Osborn LR, Flynn N, Matlock M, Swamidass SJ, Miller GP. Dual mechanisms suppress meloxicam bioactivation relative to sudoxicam. Toxicology 2020; 440:152478. [PMID: 32437779 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Thiazoles are biologically active aromatic heterocyclic rings occurring frequently in natural products and drugs. These molecules undergo typically harmless elimination; however, a hepatotoxic response can occur due to multistep bioactivation of the thiazole to generate a reactive thioamide. A basis for those differences in outcomes remains unknown. A textbook example is the high hepatotoxicity observed for sudoxicam in contrast to the relative safe use and marketability of meloxicam, which differs in structure from sudoxicam by the addition of a single methyl group. Both drugs undergo bioactivation, but meloxicam exhibits an additional detoxification pathway due to hydroxylation of the methyl group. We hypothesized that thiazole bioactivation efficiency is similar between sudoxicam and meloxicam due to the methyl group being a weak electron donator, and thus, the relevance of bioactivation depends on the competing detoxification pathway. For a rapid analysis, we modeled epoxidation of sudoxicam derivatives to investigate the impact of substituents on thiazole bioactivation. As expected, electron donating groups increased the likelihood for epoxidation with a minimal effect for the methyl group, but model predictions did not extrapolate well among all types of substituents. Through analytical methods, we measured steady-state kinetics for metabolic bioactivation of sudoxicam and meloxicam by human liver microsomes. Sudoxicam bioactivation was 6-fold more efficient than that for meloxicam, yet meloxicam showed a 6-fold higher efficiency of detoxification than bioactivation. Overall, sudoxicam bioactivation was 15-fold more likely than meloxicam considering all metabolic clearance pathways. Kinetic differences likely arise from different enzymes catalyzing respective metabolic pathways based on phenotyping studies. Rather than simply providing an alternative detoxification pathway, the meloxicam methyl group suppressed the bioactivation reaction. These findings indicate the impact of thiazole substituents on bioactivation is more complex than previously thought and likely contributes to the unpredictability of their toxic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustyn A Barnette
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, United States
| | - Mary A Schleiff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, United States
| | - Laura R Osborn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, United States
| | - Noah Flynn
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, 660 S Euclid Ave, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States
| | - Matthew Matlock
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, 660 S Euclid Ave, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States
| | - S Joshua Swamidass
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, 660 S Euclid Ave, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, United States
| | - Grover P Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, United States.
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89
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Liang W, Nakajima K, Nishibayashi Y. Rhodium-Catalyzed Cyclization Reactions of Thiadiazoles with Phosphaalkynes to Prepare 1,3-Thiaphospholes. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Liang
- Department of Systems Innovation; School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 113-8658 Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazunari Nakajima
- Frontier Research Center for Energy and Resources; School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 113-8658 Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Systems Innovation; School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 113-8658 Tokyo Japan
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90
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Babaee S, Zarei M, Sepehrmansourie H, Zolfigol MA, Rostamnia S. Synthesis of Metal-Organic Frameworks MIL-101(Cr)-NH 2 Containing Phosphorous Acid Functional Groups: Application for the Synthesis of N-Amino-2-pyridone and Pyrano [2,3- c]pyrazole Derivatives via a Cooperative Vinylogous Anomeric-Based Oxidation. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:6240-6249. [PMID: 32258858 PMCID: PMC7114146 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In the current paper, we successfully developed and used metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on MIL-101(Cr)-NH2 with phosphorus acid functional groups MIL-101(Cr)-N(CH2PO3H2)2. The synthesized metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as a multi-functional heterogeneous and nanoporous catalyst were used for the synthesis of N-amino-2-pyridone and pyrano [2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives via reaction of ethyl cyanoacetate or ethyl acetoacetate, hydrazine hydrate, malononitrile, and various aldehydes. The final step of the reaction mechanism was preceded by a cooperative vinylogous anomeric-based oxidation. Recycle and reusability of the described catalyst MIL-101(Cr)-N(CH2PO3H2)2 were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Babaee
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, P.O. Box 6517838683, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Zarei
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, P.O. Box 6517838683, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Hassan Sepehrmansourie
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, P.O. Box 6517838683, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zolfigol
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, P.O. Box 6517838683, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Sadegh Rostamnia
- Organic
and Nano Group (ONG), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, P.O. Box 55181-83111, Maragheh, Iran
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91
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Hashemi M, Taherpour AA. Structural Assessment of Hydrogen Bonds on Methylpentynol-Azide Clusters To Achieve Regiochemical Outcome of 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions Using Density Functional Theory. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:5964-5975. [PMID: 32226877 PMCID: PMC7098023 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was focused on the geometries and properties of the structural isomers obtained from a random walk of methylpentynol-HN3 clusters. The theoretical aspects of hydrogen bonding effects on the discussed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (1,3-DC) reactions [between methylpentynol (a) as a dipolarophile and azide (b) as a 1,3-dipole] have shown regioselective output concepts. The dipolarophile methylpentynol (a) was applied for the treatment of insomnia. Both methylpentynol (a) and azide (b) can be H-bond acceptor and H-bond donor agents. Because of this trait of them, structures of H-bonding arrays (c-f) and methylpentynol-azide clusters (g-m) can be probable. In this work, regioselectivity of the 1,3-DC reaction [between methylpentynol (a) as a dipolarophile and azide (b) as a 1,3-dipole] was determined based on these structures (c-m) using density functional theory (DFT). The energy levels of the reactants (a and b) and the structures of H-bonding arrays (c-f), methylpentynol-azide clusters (g-m), transition states, and products (1 and 2) were studied, and also, the free energies of the reaction (Δr G and ΔG #, in kcal mol-1) and rate constants were determined using Eyring's equation (k). Structural data were calculated and obtained by the DFT/B3LYP method. Seven different basis sets have been used to obtain the most appropriate results from comparison of data.
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92
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Boof ML, van Lier JJ, English S, Fischer H, Ufer M, Dingemanse J. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of cenerimod, a selective S1P 1 receptor modulator in healthy subjects. Xenobiotica 2020; 50:947-956. [PMID: 32105166 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2020.1736688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cenerimod is a sphingosine-1-phosphate 1 receptor modulator under development for treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus.This single-centre, open-label, single-dose study investigated the mass balance and excretion routes and aimed at identifying and quantifying cenerimod metabolites in plasma, urine, and faeces after oral administration of 2 mg/100 μCi (3.7 MBq) of 14C-cenerimod.Total mean cumulative recovery was 84% of the administered dose (58-100% in faeces and 4.6-12% in urine). In a 0-504 h cross-subject area under the curve plasma pool, cenerimod and two metabolites were detected accounting for 78, 6.0, and 4.9% of total radioactivity, respectively, i.e. no major metabolite was identified in plasma. Cenerimod was only detected in faeces and accounted for 17% of the radioactivity excreted in this matrix. The metabolite M32 was detected in both urine and faeces and represented 23% and 66% of radioactivity excreted in these matrices, respectively. Other metabolites of unknown structure were detected in small amounts. Overall, M32 and cenerimod accounted for 52% and 13%, respectively, of the total radioactivity recovered.Among the excreted metabolites, only the non-enzymatically formed M32 represented more than 25% of total drug-related material. Therefore, no pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction studies are foreseen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Boof
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Hartmut Fischer
- A&M Labor für Analytik und Metabolismusforschung Service GmbH, Bergheim, Germany
| | - Mike Ufer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Jasper Dingemanse
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Allschwil, Switzerland
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93
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Ghanaat J, Khalilzadeh MA, Zareyee D. Molecular docking studies, biological evaluation and synthesis of novel 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole derivatives. Mol Divers 2020; 25:223-232. [PMID: 32067134 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10050-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of bioactive heterocyclic compounds having effective biological activity is an essential research area for wide-ranging applications. In this study, a conventional methodology has been developed for the synthesis of a series of new 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole derivatives 4a-f. The purity and structure of the synthesized molecules were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. In addition, the prepared compounds were screened for their anti-proliferative activity against three human cancer cell lines including A549 (lung cancer), MCF7 (breast cancer) and SKOV3 (ovarian cancer) using MTT reduction assay. All the tested compounds demonstrated remarkable cytotoxic activity with IC50 values ranging from 3.02 to 15.37 µM. The heterocyclic compound bearing 3,4,5-trimethoxy moiety was found to be the most effective among the series displaying an IC50 of 3.02 µM specifically against the ovarian carcinoma cancer cell line (SKOV3). Moreover, Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining assay indicated that this compound can induce apoptosis in SKOV3 cells. Furthermore, cell cycle assay showed a significant cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in a dose-dependent manner for this compound. The molecular docking results was showed binding modes of potent compound 4d perfectly corroborated the suggestion of binding to the colchicine site. The entire results conclude that 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole derivatives can be synthesized by a green method for biological and pharmacological applications. New analogs of 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole potential derivatives for anti-proliferative activity were synthesized. Cytotoxic activity of all synthesized compounds was evaluated against tree human cancer cell lines: lung (A549), breast (MCF7) and ovarian (SKOV3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Ghanaat
- Department of Chemistry, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
| | | | - Daryoush Zareyee
- Department of Chemistry, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
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94
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Dang NL, Matlock MK, Hughes TB, Swamidass SJ. The Metabolic Rainbow: Deep Learning Phase I Metabolism in Five Colors. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:1146-1164. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Le Dang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8118, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Matthew K. Matlock
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8118, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Tyler B. Hughes
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8118, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - S. Joshua Swamidass
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8118, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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95
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel 1,2,3-triazole hybrids of myrrhanone B isolated from Commiphora mukul gum resin: Identification of potent antiproliferative leads active against prostate cancer cells (PC-3). Eur J Med Chem 2020; 188:111974. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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96
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Sharghi H, Aboonajmi J, Aberi M, Shekouhy M. Amino Acids: Nontoxic and Cheap Alternatives for Amines for the Synthesis of Benzoxazoles through the Oxidative Functionalization of Catechols. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hashem Sharghi
- Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesShiraz University Shiraz 71454 Iran
| | - Jasem Aboonajmi
- Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesShiraz University Shiraz 71454 Iran
| | - Mahdi Aberi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Shahid Rajaee, Shiraz BranchTechnical and Vocational University (TVU) Shiraz Iran
| | - Mohsen Shekouhy
- Department of Chemistry, College of SciencesShiraz University Shiraz 71454 Iran
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97
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1,2,3-Triazole tethered 1,2,4-trioxanes: Studies on their synthesis and effect on osteopontin expression in MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 186:111908. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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98
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Hinklin RJ, Baer BR, Boyd SA, Chicarelli MD, Condroski KR, DeWolf WE, Fischer J, Frank M, Hingorani GP, Lee PA, Neitzel NA, Pratt SA, Singh A, Sullivan FX, Turner T, Voegtli WC, Wallace EM, Williams L, Aicher TD. Discovery and preclinical development of AR453588 as an anti-diabetic glucokinase activator. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115232. [PMID: 31818630 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glucose flux through glucokinase (GK) controls insulin release from the pancreas in response to high levels of glucose. Flux through GK is also responsible for reducing hepatic glucose output. Since many individuals with type 2 diabetes appear to have an inadequacy or defect in one or both of these processes, identifying compounds that can activate GK could provide a therapeutic benefit. Herein we report the further structure activity studies of a novel series of glucokinase activators (GKA). These studies led to the identification of pyridine 72 as a potent GKA that lowered post-prandial glucose in normal C57BL/6J mice, and after 14d dosing in ob/ob mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald J Hinklin
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States.
| | - Brian R Baer
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - Steven A Boyd
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - Mark D Chicarelli
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - Kevin R Condroski
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - Walter E DeWolf
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - John Fischer
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - Michele Frank
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - Gary P Hingorani
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - Patrice A Lee
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | | | - Scott A Pratt
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - Ajay Singh
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | | | - Timothy Turner
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - Walter C Voegtli
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - Eli M Wallace
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - Lance Williams
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
| | - Thomas D Aicher
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200 Walnut St., Boulder, CO 80301, United States
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99
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Suresh N, Shivaraj K, Karthikeyan B, Natanasabapathy V. A spectroscopic assessment of interaction between 4% articaine hydrochloride with adrenaline and various endodontic irrigants. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.294332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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100
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El Malah T, Abdel Mageid RE, Awad HM, Nour HF. Copper( i)-catalysed azide–alkyne cycloaddition and antiproliferative activity of mono- and bis-1,2,3-triazole derivatives. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04308g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of mono- and bis-1,2,3-triazole derivatives were prepared via the copper(i)-catalysed azide–alkyne cycloaddition between substituted aromatic derivatives, comprising one or two terminal alkyne groups and a selection of aromatic azides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer El Malah
- Photochemistry Department
- Chemical Industries Research Division
- National Research Centre
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Randa E. Abdel Mageid
- Photochemistry Department
- Chemical Industries Research Division
- National Research Centre
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Hanem M. Awad
- Department of Tanning Materials and Leather Technology
- National Research Centre
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Hany F. Nour
- Photochemistry Department
- Chemical Industries Research Division
- National Research Centre
- Cairo
- Egypt
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