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Hu H, Mo PKH, She R, Lau JTF. Understanding the Pathways from Mindfulness to COVID-19 Vaccination Intention via Positive Psychology Attributes among Health Care Workers in China. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 156:535-551. [PMID: 36170676 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2022.2101419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aims to examine the association between mindfulness and COVID-19 vaccination intention, and the mediating role of presence of meaning in life and moral elevation in such association. METHOD In a cross-sectional study design, a total of 1733 health care workers (81.1% females, Mage = 34.16 ± 9.03) from four cities in China were recruited and completed an online survey that measured mindfulness, moral elevation, presence of meaning in life and COVID-19 vaccination intention. RESULTS It has been found that 73.1% of the participants reported an intention to receive COVID-19 vaccination. Mindfulness was positively associated with COVID-19 vaccination intention; Mediation analyses using structural equation modeling showed a significant indirect effect of mindfulness on COVID-19 vaccination intention, accounting for 42.4% of the total effect. Mindfulness was positively associated with COVID-19 vaccination intention directly via presence of meaning in life, and indirectly via moral elevation and presence of meaning in life. CONCLUSIONS The findings add knowledge of how mindfulness may increase COVID-19 vaccination intention, and underscore the potential need for mindfulness training, positive emotion promotion, presence of meaning in life interventions to improve acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among health care workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rui She
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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Hamama L. Modeling linkages between self-efficacy, normalization, and well-being factors among Israeli mothers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022; 128:104295. [PMID: 35777249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Parents' well-being may be challenged by the neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) of their children. This study explored general self-efficacy (personal resource) and normalization (coping strategy) and their possible association with mothers' well-being (satisfaction with life/SWL, positive affect, and presence of meaning in life/P-MIL). METHOD Data were obtained from 127 Israeli mothers, ages 23-63, of children (M = 12.08, SD = 3.39) with NDs (autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, cerebral palsy). All participants completed online self-report questionnaires. RESULTS After controlling for the effects of group, mother's age, and child's gender, bivariate associations showed that general self-efficacy was positively correlated with SWL (r =.46, p <.001), positive affect (r =.43, p <.001), and P-MIL (r =.37, p <.001). The study's mediation model was partly supported: General self-efficacy was related to normalization, which was related to SWL and positive affect, but not to P-MIL. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This study contributes to the empirical knowledge on well-being in mothers raising children with NDs. Findings revealed that mothers' general self-efficacy alongside their strategy to adopt normalcy substantially contributed to their well-being. Hence, psychosocial services should strengthen general self-efficacy in this cohort and support their normalization efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hamama
- The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel.
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Drob SL. Psychology, Values, and the Meaning of Life: Bridging the Philosophy–Psychology Divide. JOURNAL OF HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/00221678221116170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A “psycho-axiological” model is presented that addresses both the psychological question of subjective “life-meaning” and the philosophical question of “the meaning of life.” The author establishes the relationship between 14 essential “modes of mind” and human values and shows how these modes provide the basis for philosophical theories of the meaning of life and psychological research concerning life-meaning. It is argued that life-meaning involves the actualization of values associated with one or more of the modes of mind and that, because at least certain values are objective, transcultural, and trans-world, such actualization comprises the meaning of life.
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The class group counseling on life education improves meaning in life for undergraduate students. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03623-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Weziak-Bialowolska D, Bialowolski P. Can adherence to moral standards and ethical behaviors help maintain a sense of purpose in life? Evidence from a longitudinal study of middle-aged and older adults. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273221. [PMID: 35984827 PMCID: PMC9390941 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Personal factors, such as character strengths, have been shown to be favorably associated with concurrent and future well-being. Positive associations have also been reported between purpose in life and concurrent and subsequent health and well-being. Evidence on antecedents of purpose in life is, however, limited. This study examines whether the adherence to moral standards and ethical behaviors (AMSEB) is associated with subsequent purpose in life. Data from the Health and Retirement Study obtained from a sample of 8,788 middle-aged and older adults in the US (mean age = 64.9 years, age range 50–96 years) were used. The prospective associations between AMSEB and purpose in life were examined using generalized linear models. A rich set of covariates and prior outcomes were used as controls to reduce the risk of reverse causation. The robustness analyses included computation of sensitivity measures, E-values, and running a set of secondary analyses conducted on subsamples of respondents and using a limited set of covariates. It was found that middle-aged and older adults who demonstrated higher AMSEB reported a higher sense of purpose in life after the 4-year follow-up period. This association was found to be monotonic, moderately robust to potential unmeasured confounding and independent of demographics, prior socioeconomic status, prior health conditions, and health behaviors as well as prior psychological predispositions such as dispositional optimism and life satisfaction. It was also robust to missing data patterns. Policymakers and health practitioners may consider a predisposition to adherence to moral standards and ethical behaviors as a potential intervention target, as its improvement and/or maintenance has the potential to improve longevity and to help promote healthy and purposeful aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Weziak-Bialowolska
- Centre for Evaluation and Analysis of Public Policies, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Piotr Bialowolski
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
- Department of Economics, Kozminski University, Warsaw, Poland
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Relationship between Attachment to Pet and Post-Traumatic Growth after Pet Loss: Mediated Moderating Effect of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategy through Separation Pain. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12080291. [PMID: 36004862 PMCID: PMC9405030 DOI: 10.3390/bs12080291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The declining fertility rate and an aging population have accelerated the number of single-person households and nuclear families, and the number of households raising pets has naturally increased. However, pet owners experience great sorrow and trauma due to the death of their pets. The stronger the attachment to pets, the more severe the separation pain caused by pet loss. The purpose of this study was to analyze the moderating effect of a cognitive emotion regulation strategy mediated through separation pain on the relationship between attachment and post-traumatic growth after pet loss among owners. The study participants were 303 owners who have experienced pet loss. We analyzed the mediated moderating effects by PROCESS macro. The results showed that the adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategy strengthened the effect of attachment to pets on post-traumatic growth and decreased the effect on separation pain. Conversely, the maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategy weakened the effect of attachment to pets on post-traumatic growth and strengthened the effect on separation pain. The act of intentionally expanding the perspective on pet loss experience, switching into a more positive focus, and accepting reality will reduce the grief of its companions and become an opportunity for growth.
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Ho KY, Lam KKW, Bressington DT, Lin J, Mak YW, Wu C, Li WHC. Use of a positive psychology intervention (PPI) to promote the psychological well-being of children living in poverty: study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e055506. [PMID: 35977772 PMCID: PMC9389124 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poverty has a detrimental influence on psychological well-being of children. Existing evidence shows that positive psychology interventions are possible to mitigate such impact. Despite criticisms that positive psychology resembles a scientific Pollyannaism that promotes overly positivity, positive psychology is not the scientific Pollyannaism that denies the difficulties and emotions that people may experience. Whereas, positive psychology acknowledges the difficulties and emotions, alongside with building up human resilience, strength and growth to face adversity. This study examined the feasibility of implementing a positive psychology intervention among Hong Kong Chinese children living in poverty. METHODS A feasibility randomised controlled trial will be conducted. A convenience sample of 120 children aged 13-17 years will be recruited from a community centre in Kwai Tsing district. Participants who are randomised into the experimental group will join a 1.5-hour workshop covering four positive psychology techniques: (1) gratitude visits/letters, (2) three good things, (3) you at your best and (4) using signature strengths. A booster intervention will be provided at 1 week. Control group participants will not receive any intervention. Assessments will be conducted at baseline and at 1-week, 1-month, 3-month and 6-month follow-ups. ANALYSIS Descriptive statistics will be used to calculate the feasibility measures. Effect sizes on psychological outcomes (ie, self-esteem, depressive symptoms and quality of life) will be estimated by mixed between-within subjects analysis of variance using partial eta squared with poverty (yes, no) entering into the model as a factor. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been obtained from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Institutional Review Broad. We will obtain parental consent as our subjects are below 18 years old. Findings from this study will be disseminated via international publications and conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04875507.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Yan Ho
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | | | - Jessie Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yim Wah Mak
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Cynthia Wu
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - William H C Li
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Borawski D. The Mediating Role of Positive Orientation in the Relationship between Loneliness and Meaning in Life. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9948. [PMID: 36011582 PMCID: PMC9407937 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Previous research revealed that increased loneliness resulted in decreased meaning in life (MIL). Little is known, however, about the underlying mechanisms of this relationship. The aim of the study was to determine if the set of positive evaluations of oneself, one's life, and one's future discussed by Caprara as positive orientation (POS) was a mediator between loneliness and MIL. (2) Methods: A sample of 304 Polish participants aged 19-45 (M = 25.61 years, SD = 6.1) completed the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, the Presence subscale of the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, and the Positivity Scale. (3) Results: The study showed that loneliness was negatively associated with POS and MIL, while POS and MIL were positively correlated with each other. It also turned out that POS partially mediated the relationship between loneliness and MIL. (4) Conclusions: The results suggest that, by inhibiting POS, loneliness makes it difficult to perceive life as meaningful. The interrelationships between loneliness, POS, and MIL are discussed in light of the evolutionary theory of loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Borawski
- Department of Psychology, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-029 Kielce, Poland
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Choi Y, Shin JY. Assessing quality of life among elementary school students: Validation of the Korean version of the Meaning in Life in Children Questionnaire. Front Psychol 2022; 13:904115. [PMID: 35992457 PMCID: PMC9386145 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.904115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Meaning in life (MIL) has been widely recognized as a hallmark of psychological well-being and positive youth development. The goal of this study was to validate the Korean version of the Meaning in Life in Children Questionnaire (K-MIL-CQ) utilizing the framework suggested by the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing. Data were obtained from 277 fifth graders aged 10–11 in three elementary schools in Seoul and Gyeonggi through a paper-and-pencil survey (55.2% boys). We translated the MIL-CQ, a 21-item self-report measure developed based on Frankl’s “meaning triangle,” into Korean. Psychological well-being measures were also assessed. Validity and reliability data were collected. (1) The content of domains and items was appropriate for measuring MIL among children. (2) A three-factor model consisting of attitude, creativity, and experience pathways was extracted via exploratory factor analysis, and a three-factor hierarchical model including attitude, creativity, and experience as first-order factors and MIL as a second-order factor was confirmed via confirmatory factor analysis. (3) Higher levels of MIL were related to higher levels of satisfaction with life, self-esteem, positive affectivity, and lower levels of negative affectivity. (4) All item fit statistics were acceptable based on the Rasch model. (5) The analysis of the measurement invariance of each item showed that the responses to one item varied by gender, suggesting that additional items might facilitate better measurement of MIL in children. This study provides validity and reliability evidence that K-MIL-CQ is appropriate for measuring MIL among South Korean elementary school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younyoung Choi
- Department of Psychology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Joo Yeon Shin
- Graduate School of Education, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Joo Yeon Shin,
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Residents’ Motivation and Place Meanings in a Hallmark Event: How to Develop a Sustainable Event in the Hosting Destination. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14159526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The main challenge for sustainable events is to attract residents to participate and to continue participating. Motivation can be used to explain a place and the intention to revisit a place. The main purpose of this study was to explore residents’ place meanings at Peony Culture Festival Luoyang China (PCFLC) and the impact of residents’ motivation on place meaning and place satisfaction with respect to PCFLC. A sequential mixed-methods approach was adopted. In-depth interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data. The thematic analysis yielded four themes of residents’ place meanings in PCFLC. Structural equation modeling via the bootstrap approach was used to examine the role of residents’ motivation in place making in PCLFC. The results indicated that residents’ place meanings in PCFLC consisted of self-identification, self-development, economic dependence, and leisure, which enriched the types of place meanings. In addition, place meaning had a mediating role in the relationship between autonomous motivation and place satisfaction and a masking role in the relationship between controlled motivation and place satisfaction from the perspective of the self-determination theory. The paper provides a theoretical perspective to explain the effects of motivation on place making and puts forward a practical proposal for the products and marketing of events.
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Tang Y, He C, Feng L, Wu D, Zhou X, Li T, He L, Cai Q, Yue Y. The impact of implicit theories on resilience among Chinese nurses: The chain mediating effect of grit and meaning in life. Front Psychol 2022; 13:940138. [PMID: 35967628 PMCID: PMC9366853 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.940138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Implicit theories refer to assumptions people hold about different domains, also known as mindsets. There are two implicit theories on the malleability of one’s ability: entity theory and incremental theory. They constrain and regulate people’s understanding and responses to an individual’s behavior, leading to different social cognitive patterns and behavioral responses. Resilience is a positive adaptation in highly stressful situations that represents mechanisms for coping with and transcending difficult experiences, i.e., a person’s ability to successfully adapt to change, resist the adverse effects of stressors, avoid significant dysfunction, and be chronically affected by considered a protective factor for mental health. Although previous studies showed that individuals’ implicit theories are associated with resilience, this relationship has received little attention in the nursing population. It is unclear which variables may contribute to explaining the relationship between implicit theories and resilience. Therefore, the current study aims to deeply explore the relationship between implicit theories and the resilience of Chinese nurses. In addition, we also seek to demonstrate the chain mediating effects of grit and meaning in life on this relationship. We surveyed 709 Chinese nurses through online questionnaires using the self-made demographic questionnaire, the Implicit Theories Scale, the Short Grit Scale, the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, and the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. After controlling for demographic variables such as age, gender, educational background, marital status, professional title, and working years, the results reveal positive associations between Chinese nurses’ implicit theories and their resilience, and grit and meaning in life play a partial mediating role in this relationship, respectively. Furthermore, grit and meaning in life play a chain mediating role between implicit theories and resilience. These findings contribute to understanding the psychological impact mechanism of implicit theories on nurses’ resilience and provide a theoretical basis for nursing managers to formulate strategies to improve nurses’ psychological resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixun Tang
- Department of Nursing, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Changjiu He
- Department of Community Prevention and Control, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lanling Feng
- Department of Nursing, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Department of Nursing, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Dongmei Wu,
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- Department of Nursing, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Nursing, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lina He
- Department of Nursing, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Cai
- Department of Nursing, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchuan Yue
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Yuchuan Yue,
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Rasheed N, Fatima I, Tariq O. University students' mental well-being during COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating role of resilience between meaning in life and mental well-being. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2022; 227:103618. [PMID: 35588627 PMCID: PMC9098940 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to examine (a) the mental well-being of university students, who were taking online classes, and (b) and test whether resilience would mediate the relationship between meaning in life and mental well-being. The sample of 302 university students (Mage = 20.25 years; 36.1% men, 63.9% women) was taken from the universities of Punjab, Pakistan. The participants were recruited online and they completed a cross-sectional survey comprising the scales of meaning in life, resilience, and mental well-being during COVID-19. Findings from the study indicated that participants had a normal to a satisfactory level of overall mental wellbeing during COVID-19. Resilience acted as a mediator for both the presence of meaning in life, the search for meaning in life, and mental well-being. Demographic variables including family size were significantly and positively related to resilience while the availability of personal room showed a significant positive relationship with mental well-being. These findings suggest that meaning in life and resilience supports mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic and that effective steps should be taken to make the lives of university students more meaningful and resilient.
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Sense of coherence and psychological well-being among coronary heart disease patients: a moderated mediation model of affect and meaning in life. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-00982-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThere are credible data that the indirect relationship of sense of coherence with well-being can involve potential mediation and moderation mechanisms related to emotional and meaning-oriented factors. The self-concordance model provides a theoretical framework through which these associations can be examined. The current research explored whether the relationship between sense of coherence and well-being in people with coronary heart disease can be mediated by affect and simultaneously moderated by meaning in life. A total of 176 patients with coronary heart disease completed four questionnaires. Positive and negative affect turned out to mediate, though differently, the relationship between feelings of coherence and well-being. Furthermore, meaning in life moderated the indirect effect of sense of coherence to well-being only through positive affect. This confirmed the validity of a moderated mediation model of affect and meaning in life in associations between sense of coherence and well-being in people with coronary heart disease problems.
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Research on the Relationship Model between Professional Identity and Life Meaning of Clinical Medical Freshmen based on Artificial Intelligence Medical Image Detection. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:2798513. [PMID: 35845731 PMCID: PMC9259258 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2798513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To understand the current situation of professional identity and life significance of clinical medical freshmen in a university in Xinjiang, analyze its influencing factors, find out the influencing factors and causes, and intervene and improve them. Provide the public with better medical and health management services, so that people can independently and effectively predict and prevent diseases; at the same time, it can also guide people to make more correct and wise choices in uncomfortable situations. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 793 freshmen majoring in clinical medicine with the college students' professional identity questionnaire and the Chinese version of the meaning in life scale (C-MLQ). Results The freshmen total score of professional identity was (97.48 ± 12.21). The total score of meaning in life was (53.26 ± 7.15), and the meaning in life and the professional identity were significantly positively correlated (r = 0.467, P < 0.01). Students with first choice, only child, urban living, and parents with a high educational level scored higher in their professional identity (P < 0.05). First choice (β = −0.11, P < 0.001), place of residence (β = −0.07, P=0.03), father's education level (β = 0.08, P=0.04), family monthly income (β = −0.09, P=0.02), and the presence of meaning in life (β = 0.54, P < 0.001) are the influencing factors of students' professional identity. Both professional identity and meaning in life have important relationship with the mental health of medical students. In the development of modern medicine, finding personal career orientation and goals helps to establish a correct outlook on life, values, and the world. It has a positive impact on the development of personal physical and mental health. Conclusion The professional identity and life meaning of clinical medical freshmen are at the upper middle level, which can be improved through medical education and other measures. The joint efforts of society, schools, families, and individual students are needed to improve the professional identity of medical students.
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Xiu J, Zhang Z, Fan Y, Zheng J. Does Giving and Receiving Helping Behavior Fit Matter? The Role of Neighboring Behavior Fit in Working Residents' Mental Health. Front Public Health 2022; 10:863327. [PMID: 35812503 PMCID: PMC9263361 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.863327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecological systems theory suggests that for individuals, the three domains of community, family, and work are connected and transfer resources among each other. In the community, residents receive and give helping behavior from and to their neighbors. Neighboring behavior underlies interactions among residents in the community, thereby influencing the work and family domains. Building on ecological systems theory, the authors propose that the compatibility of receiving and giving helping behavior among working residents is related to their mental health. Additionally, the authors propose that this congruence effect functions through work-family interference and meaning in life. Using a two-stage field questionnaire survey, this study collected data from 220 full-time Chinese working residents. Using polynomial regression and response surface analysis, receiving-giving neighboring behavior fit was found to be positively associated with mental health. Furthermore, receiving-giving neighboring behavior fit enhances mental health by decreasing work-family interference and promoting meaning in life. When giving and receiving neighboring behavior are imbalanced, working residents have higher levels of mental health when they received more neighboring behavior than they gave, in comparison to the condition when they gave more neighboring behavior than they received. Work-family interference represents inter-role conflict in which pressures from the family and work domains are mutually incompatible. Including both work to family interference and family to work interference, work-family interferences reflect the stress that working residents experience in their family and work domains. By exploring the mediating role of work-family interference, this study shows how the spillover of the benefits of neighboring behavior into the family and work domains enhances working residents' mental health. This study highlights the importance of balancing receiving and giving neighboring behavior for maintaining mental health, thus contributing both theoretically and practically to ecological systems theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiu
- School of Applied Economics, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenduo Zhang
- School of Economics and Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenduo Zhang
| | - Youqing Fan
- School of Business, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Junwei Zheng
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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Zhang H, Wei L, Liu Z. Fate beliefs, meaning construction, and meaning in life. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ajsp.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Psychology Nanjing University Nanjing China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Psychology Nanjing University Nanjing China
| | - Ziqiang Liu
- Department of Psychology Nanjing University Nanjing China
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Lin Z. Emotion Regulation Strategies and Sense of Life Meaning: The Chain-Mediating Role of Gratitude and Subjective Wellbeing. Front Psychol 2022; 13:810591. [PMID: 35664148 PMCID: PMC9159759 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.810591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the mechanism of college students' meaning of life. The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the Gratitude Questionnaire Six-Item Form, the General Wellbeing Schedule, the Meaning in Life Questionnaire were used as measurement instruments. In total, 1,312 valid responses were obtained. The results showed that the cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression strategies were significantly positively and negatively correlated with gratitude, subjective wellbeing, and the sense of life meaning, respectively. Further, Emotion regulation strategies can affect college students' sense of life meaning through three paths: the mediating effect of gratitude; the mediating effect of subjective wellbeing; the chain mediating effect of gratitude and subjective wellbeing. This study illuminated the roles of gratitude, and subjective wellbeing in influencing the sense of life meaning among the Chinese college students. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzheng Lin
- School of Educational Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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68
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Schweitzer S, Ruttan RL, Waytz A. The relationship between power and secrecy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2022.104300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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69
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Mohideen F, Heintzelman SJ. Routines and Meaning in Life: Does Activity Content or Context Matter? PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2022:1461672221085797. [PMID: 35473466 DOI: 10.1177/01461672221085797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
People feel that their lives are more meaningful while engaging in behaviors more closely aligned with their routines. Does the behavioral content of these routines and the contextual factors surrounding their enactment matter for this relationship? In two experience sampling studies (N = 93, 1,512 episodes; N = 97, 1,629 episodes), we test whether the relationship between routines and meaning in life (MIL) depends on the content of the activities. We found that the degree to which one's current activity is a routine positively related to momentary MIL beyond other meaningful features (e.g., relationships, goals, prosociality) of that activity. We conducted Study 2 in the context of mass routine disruptions of the COVID-19 pandemic. We found even stronger relationships between routine enactment and concurrent MIL in this context which held controlling for factors, including perceived chaos, mood, and anxiety. These findings suggest that routines uniquely relate to MIL, beyond the meaningfulness of their content and across contexts.
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70
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Daneshvar S, Shafiei M, Basharpoor S. Group-based Compassion-focused Therapy on Experiential Avoidance, Meaning-in-life, and Sense of Coherence in Female Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence with PTSD: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP4187-NP4211. [PMID: 32933348 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520958660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The current study was carried out to investigate the effects of compassion-focused therapy (CFT) on experiential avoidance, meaning-in-life, and sense of coherence (SoC) in women suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to the intimate partner violence (IPV).42 women suffering from PTSD due to the IPV exposure were randomized to the two groups of experimental and control (21 per group). All participants completed the questionnaires of experiential avoidance, meaning-in-life, and SoC as pre-test measures. The experimental group received eight sessions of CFT, while the controls did not receive any treatment. After that, all subjects responded to the questionnaires of experiential avoidance, meaning-in-life, and SoC as the post-test measures. Data were analyzed using one-way repeated measures MANOVA.Subjects of the experimental group indicated a greater reduction in post-test scores of experiential avoidance, and a significant rise in the level of meaning-in-life and its subscales including the presence of meaning-in-life and search for meaning-in-life when compared to the controls. Nevertheless, there was no change in the level of SoC as a function of CFT.Applying CFT can result in reducing experiential avoidance and raising the meaning of life in women with PTSD due to IPV exposure. CFT is highly recommended to strengthen the well-being of patients with PTSD and reduce the PTSD symptoms.
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71
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van Doornik SFW, Ostafin BD, Jonker NC, Glashouwer KA, de Jong PJ. Satisfaction with normative life domains and the course of anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord 2022; 55:553-563. [PMID: 35212004 PMCID: PMC9305581 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Satisfaction with normative life domains has been proposed as an important factor in the persistence of anorexia nervosa (AN). Initial evidence from a cross-sectional study indicated that individuals with AN reported lower satisfaction with normative life domains than individuals without an eating disorder. As an important next step in understanding causal relations, the present study used a longitudinal design to examine whether an improvement in AN symptoms is paralleled by an increase in satisfaction with normative life domains from baseline to follow-up and whether relatively low satisfaction with normative life domains at baseline is related to less improvement in AN symptoms. METHODS During baseline and at 1-year follow-up, adolescents with AN (N = 69) completed the Brief Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale to measure satisfaction with normative life domains (e.g., friendships, school experience). Furthermore, eating disorder symptoms and BMI were measured. RESULTS Improvement in eating disorder symptoms, but not in BMI, was paralleled by an increase in satisfaction with normative life domains. Relatively low satisfaction with normative life domains at baseline was not prospectively related to less improvement in eating disorder symptoms or BMI at follow-up. DISCUSSION Our findings provide initial evidence that satisfaction with normative life domains is a malleable factor which fluctuates with symptom severity in AN. The results of this exploratory study point to the relevance of examining whether targeting satisfactory engagement with specific life domains optimizes treatment effectiveness. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE We explored whether an improvement in anorexia nervosa symptoms from start of treatment to 1-year follow-up would be paralleled by an increase in satisfaction with normative life domains. Improvement in eating disorder symptoms (but not BMI) was indeed related to a concurrent increase in satisfaction with normative life domains. These preliminary results point to the promising possibility that targeting satisfactory engagement with specific life domains may potentially enhance treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne F. W. van Doornik
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental PsychopathologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands,Department of Eating DisordersAccare Child and Adolescent PsychiatryGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Brian D. Ostafin
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental PsychopathologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Nienke C. Jonker
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental PsychopathologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Klaske A. Glashouwer
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental PsychopathologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands,Department of Eating DisordersAccare Child and Adolescent PsychiatryGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Peter J. de Jong
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental PsychopathologyUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
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72
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Hwan NL, Hussin NAM. Volunteering Experience among Older Adults with End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD). JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2022; 65:271-289. [PMID: 34388082 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2021.1959478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Living with End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD) can be stressful and associated with long-term psychological effects on older adults, especially when they have to undergo a lifetime treatment. Previous studies have documented numerous positive effects of volunteering as a potential intervention on health and well-being among older adults. However, there is limited understanding of the experience of older adults in volunteering while having ESRD. This study aimed to explore the experience often older adults with ESRD volunteering while battling with their illness. Several themes emerged from the data analysis regarding the experience of volunteerism among the older adult ESRD patients. The themes are pre-volunteerism experience, enriching and inspiring experience, volunteering experience as sources of support system, improvement of health and wellbeing experience, experience in discovering meaning in life, experience in repaying the good deed, and challenges in volunteerism participation. This study contributes to the literature and practices through the illumination of innovative intervention through volunteering for older adults with ESRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ng Lay Hwan
- School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
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73
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Paoli B, Giubilei R, De Gregorio E. Tears of Joy as an Emotional Expression of the Meaning of Life. Front Psychol 2022; 13:792580. [PMID: 35350731 PMCID: PMC8957987 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.792580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This article describes a research project in which a qualitative research was carried out consisting of 24 semi-structured interviews and a subsequent data analysis using the MAXQDA software in order to investigate a particular dimorphic emotional expression: tears of joy (TOJ). The working hypothesis is that TOJ are not only an atypical expression due to a "super joy," or that they are only an attempt by the organism to self-regulate the excess of joyful emotion through the expression of the opposite emotion (sadness), but that it is an emotional experience in its own right-not entirely overlapping with joy-with a specific adaptive function. Through the interviews, conducted in a cross-cultural context (mainly in India and Japan), we explored the following possibility: what if the adaptive function of crying for joy were to signal, to those experiencing it, the meaning of their life; the most important direction given to their existence? The material collected provided positive support for this interpretation.
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74
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Carreno DF, Eisenbeck N. Existential Insights in Cancer: Meaning in Life Adaptability. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:461. [PMID: 35454300 PMCID: PMC9029503 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58040461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous research demonstrated that the cancer diagnosis and treatment evoke existential concerns, especially ones related to meaning in life and meaning-making processes. The cancer experience is a vital challenge that often entails changes in what is personally important in life. Firstly, this paper collects evidence supporting that meaning adaptability, the way people adapt their meaning in life to the cancer experience, is a central element in the mental health of cancer patients. Various theories that could account for this meaning adaptability are introduced. Secondly, the paper provides a compilation of studies showing how people change what is significant in their lives within the course of cancer. Finally, the paper presents the available psychological therapies directed to facilitate meaning adaptability in this population. Meaning-centered interventions have been demonstrated to be effective in alleviating the suffering related to the cancer experience and promoting personal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F. Carreno
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almeria, Spain;
| | - Nikolett Eisenbeck
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, University of Seville, 14004 Seville, Spain
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75
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Fuhrer J, Cova F. What makes a life meaningful? Folk intuitions about the content and shape of meaningful lives. PHILOSOPHICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09515089.2022.2046262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joffrey Fuhrer
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Florian Cova
- Department of Philosophy, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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76
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Predictors and outcomes of meaning: clarifying the causal link between verbal fluency/episodic memory and meaning. Int Psychogeriatr 2022; 34:219-221. [PMID: 34016218 DOI: 10.1017/s104161022100079x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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77
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Jennings RE, Lanaj K, Kim YJ(YJ. Self‐Compassion at work: A self‐regulation perspective on its beneficial effects for work performance and wellbeing. PERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/peps.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Remy E. Jennings
- Department of Management Warrington College of Business, University of Florida
| | - Klodiana Lanaj
- Department of Management Warrington College of Business, University of Florida
| | - You Jin (YJ) Kim
- Department of Management College of Business, City University of Hong Kong
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78
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Kim J, Holte P, Martela F, Shanahan C, Li Z, Zhang H, Eisenbeck N, Carreno DF, Schlegel RJ, Hicks JA. Experiential appreciation as a pathway to meaning in life. Nat Hum Behav 2022; 6:677-690. [PMID: 35145278 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-021-01283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A key research program within the meaning in life (MIL) literature aims to identify the key contributors to MIL. The experience of existential mattering, purpose in life and a sense of coherence are currently posited as three primary contributors to MIL. However, it is unclear whether they encompass all information people consider when judging MIL. Based on the ideas of classic and contemporary MIL scholars, the current research examines whether valuing one's life experiences, or experiential appreciation, constitutes another unique contributor to MIL. Across seven studies, we find support for the idea that experiential appreciation uniquely predicts subjective judgements of MIL, even after accounting for the contribution of mattering, purpose and coherence to these types of evaluations. Overall, these findings support the hypothesis that valuing one's experiences is uniquely tied to perceptions of meaning. Implications for the incorporation of experiential appreciation as a fundamental antecedent of MIL are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyung Kim
- Department of Psychology, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Patricia Holte
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Frank Martela
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Colin Shanahan
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Zhanhong Li
- Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - David F Carreno
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Rebecca J Schlegel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Joshua A Hicks
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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79
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O'Dea MK, Igou ER, van Tilburg WA, Kinsella EL. Self-compassion predicts less boredom: The role of meaning in life. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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80
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Baumann D, Ruch W. Measuring What Counts in Life: The Development and Initial Validation of the Fulfilled Life Scale (FLS). Front Psychol 2022; 12:795931. [PMID: 35087456 PMCID: PMC8787361 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.795931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In a recent work, we introduced a theoretical model for fulfillment in life that covers cognitive and affective components and distinguishes different time frames. The present study evaluates this model and describes the construction of the Fulfilled Life Scale (FLS) to assess fulfillment regarding the whole lived life retrospectively. We investigated the scale in two samples (Sample 1: N = 282 adults aged 50–93 years; Sample 2: N = 406 adults aged 40–85 years). The model of the cognitive component combines three sources of fulfillment (self, life, impact/legacy) with three criteria (wholeness, fit, value), yielding nine facets. Employing hierarchical factor analysis, we inspected all solutions between one and nine. We identified three optimal factors, which we labeled unfolded self and life, the worthwhile life, and positive impact and legacy. Next, we selected marker items and replicated the factor structure in Sample 2. The three scales were positively intercorrelated and showed good internal consistency in both samples. For the affective component, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses established a one-factor structure in both samples, and high internal consistency was obtained. Across a range of related constructs, we demonstrated construct and criterion validity. Notably, cognitive and affective fulfillment incrementally predicted a global rating of a fulfilled life and mental well-being, even after controlling for subjective and eudaimonic well-being. Overall, the study proves that the FLS is necessary to capture people’s experience of a fulfilled life, which could not be assessed sufficiently with previous well-being measures. Both cognitive and affective fulfillment were able to predict additional variance in mental well-being. Moreover, the study reveals psychometric support for the FLS and presents the first evidence on its validity. Lastly, applications in research and practice are discussed, especially in the context of living and aging well in the second half of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Baumann
- Department of Psychology, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Willibald Ruch
- Department of Psychology, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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81
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Ivarsson A, McCall A, Mutch S, Giuliani A, Bassetto R, Fanchini M. Mental health and well-being during COVID-19 lockdown: A survey case report of high-level male and female players of an Italian Serie A football club. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2022; 5:70-75. [PMID: 35077318 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2021.1962540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe high-level footballers' levels and changes in mental health and well-being throughout a 8-week period of lockdown and restricted training during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD One-hundred and one players belonging to four teams (women's and men's, first and U19 teams) of the same Italian Serie A club participated in the study. Data were collected through an online questionnaire, and administered at 2, 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks after the start of the lockdown . Well-being, positive and negative affects measurements were examined. RESULTS Across the five measures, 36% of players reported clinical levels in depressive symptoms (scores ≤50) on at least one occasion. Thirteen percent of the players reported clinical levels on > 50% of the occasions. There was a decrease in depressive symptoms and negative affects over the period. No change was found in positive affects. CONCLUSIONS High number of players reportedclinical levels of depressive symptoms compared to what was found previously in high-level athletes. The number decrease during the 8-week period. A similar trend was found for negative affects.Despite a higher prevalence in depressive symptoms earlier during lockdown, this improved as players progressed towards fewer restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ivarsson
- Center for Research on Welfare, Health and Sport, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden.,Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Alan McCall
- Department of School of Applied Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stephen Mutch
- Department of School of Applied Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Rita Bassetto
- Performance Department, AS Roma Football Club, Roma, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanchini
- Performance Department, AS Roma Football Club, Roma, Italy.,University of Verona, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Verona, Italy
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82
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Kaur A, Sharma MP, Chaturvedi SK. Psychological Well-Being amongst Cancer Palliative Care Professionals working in Bengaluru, India. Indian J Palliat Care 2022; 28:37-42. [PMID: 35673384 PMCID: PMC9165452 DOI: 10.25259/ijpc_115_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Increased levels of psychological distress and burnout in cancer palliative care professionals have implications on their psychological well-being, quality of patient care they provide and for their employing organisations. There is a dearth of studies on psychological well-being with no published study available on psychological well-being amongst cancer palliative care professionals in India. The aim of the present study was to assess psychological well-being amongst cancer palliative care professionals. Materials and Methods: The study was cross-sectional and quantitative which was carried out at four cancer palliative care centers (one hospice and three hospitals) in Bengaluru city of India. The tools sociodemographic and professional datasheet and psychological well-being (PWB-20) scale were administered with 65 participants (Mean Age = 32.5, SD = 11.78). Purposive sampling method was used to recruit the participants working full-time at respective centers after obtaining permissions and ethical approvals. Descriptive, correlational, and inferential analysis of the quantitative data was carried out based on normality of the distribution. Results: The results revealed above average levels of self-acceptance and engagement and growth, below average levels of mastery and competence, while average levels of positive relations and PWB (total score). Significant differences in PWB domains based on age (P < 0.05) and self-care practices (P < 0.05) were seen. Sense of engagement and growth was found to be positively correlated with age and income earned per month (P = 0.01). Conclusion: Findings from the present study suggest that cancer palliative care professionals had moderate levels of PWB with implications in training and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanpreet Kaur
- Jindal School of Psychology & Counselling, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, India,
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,
| | - Mahendra P. Sharma
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,
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83
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Effects of a Reminiscence Program on Meaning of Life, Sense of Coherence and Coping in Older Women Living in Nursing Homes during COVID-19. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020188. [PMID: 35206803 PMCID: PMC8872147 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a dynamic process that can bring well-being but also physical and cognitive decline. Older adults can draw on their personal resources to help them cope and thrive through the aging process. Having personal resources to cope and ensure older adults’ well-being is important. Psychological strengths such as a sense of coherence, resilience, and coping are protective against the adversity associated with health problems such as those stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study’s purpose was to investigate the usefulness of reminiscence therapy for older women living in nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic. A sample composed of 29 older women was evaluated with the Purpose-in-Life Test (PIL), Sense of Coherence (SOC-13) and Brief Cope Inventory (COPE-28). Our reminiscence program consisted of 10 sessions lasting 60 min each. Reminiscence therapy is a psychological intervention for older adults to assist in remembering and interpreting the life events, feelings, and thoughts that define and give meaning to the person’s life. Reminiscence can lead to positive mental health and other elements of particular relevance to older adults. In each session, we worked on a different theme that promoted the memory of positive emotions: optimal experience, decisive moment, stresses, tensions, problems and solutions, memories of childhood, adolescence, maturity, significant people in life, sense of life, and future script. We compared an intervention group (n = 12) with a control group (n = 17) using a pre-post, single-blind design. Significant results were obtained and showed that reminiscence therapy was effective in increasing meaning of life, sense of coherence, and coping in older women. The reminiscence therapy applied yielded positive effects in older female participants living in a nursing home during COVID-19 pandemic.
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84
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Sense of coherence and subjective well-being: The mediating role of Hope for college students in Turkey. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02478-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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85
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Chen S, Zhou W, Luo T, Huang L. Relationships Between Mental Health, Emotion Regulation, and Meaning in Life of Frontline Nurses During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:798406. [PMID: 35422715 PMCID: PMC9001838 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.798406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sporadic outbreak of COVID-19 and the constant mutation of the virus have put the public in panic. Frontline nurses' appropriate emotional regulation and mental health are the key to win the victory of fighting against the epidemic. The relationships between these variables directly influence the availability of human resources to combat COVID-19. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between meaning in life, emotional regulation, and mental health of frontline nurses during the Delta virus epidemic. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in August 2021 among 105 nurses from the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, who were deployed at the COVID-19 units in Zhangjiajie People's Hospital. The Chinese Meaning in Life Questionnaire, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and Psychological Questionnaire for Emergent Events of Public Health were used to evaluate their meaning in life, emotion regulation, and mental health. Their correlation and the moderating effect of emotion regulation were conducted. RESULTS In total, 105 (100%) nurses responded. There were 14 men and 91 women and the mean age was (30.295 ± 4.653) years. The average score of meaning in life and mental health of frontline nurses was 49.971 ± 6.386 and 2.755 ± 2.580, respectively. The meaning in life of frontline nurses was positively correlated with cognitive reappraisal and negatively correlated with expressive suppression and mental health. Mental health was negatively correlated with cognitive reappraisal and positively correlated with expressive suppression. The emotional regulation of frontline nurses has a moderating effect between meaning in life and mental health. CONCLUSION Meaning in life and emotion regulation of frontline nurses were significantly correlated with mental health under the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Changing the emotion regulation of frontline nurses, strengthening cognitive reappraisal, and weakening expressive suppression could reduce the predictive effect of meaning in life on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingzhi Huang
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Besika A, Schooler JW, Verplanken B, Mrazek AJ, Ihm ED. A relationship that makes life worth-living: levels of value orientation explain differences in meaning and life satisfaction. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08802. [PMID: 35146155 PMCID: PMC8802095 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
When people talk about their values they refer to what is meaningful to them. Although meaning is associated with life satisfaction, previous studies report inconsistent results regarding the association of values and well-being. A cross-sectional study (N = 276) addresses the research question, do values influence experiences of meaning and subjective evaluations of life satisfaction? To assess whether providing a definition of “meaningful” is necessary when employing meaning measures, we assigned participants to condition where some provided their definition and others read a definition of “meaningful”. All participants described a recent meaningful experience; they characterized it with sources of meaning; they read descriptions of 10 values and assessed the degree those were relevant to their experience; and they completed meaning and life satisfaction measures. Findings, which were unaffected by reading a definition of “meaningful”, indicated that the most common source of meaning (Family) was associated positively with the value of Tradition and negatively with the value of Universalism. Latent Profile Analysis identified three profiles denoting participants’ level of value orientation, which explained interindividual differences in average levels of meaning and life satisfaction variables. Participants who associated their meaningful experience with the 10 universal values at a high level scored higher in the meaning and life satisfaction measures than those who associated their experience to the 10 universal values at a low level. The present work advances knowledge regarding the relationship between meaning, values and life satisfaction and validates previous studies reporting on meaning as a marker of well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Besika
- Developmental Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan W Schooler
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA
| | - Bas Verplanken
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Alissa J Mrazek
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, USA
| | - Elliott D Ihm
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA
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87
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Lee JE, Kahana E, Kahana B, Zarit S. The role of goal and meaning in life for older adults facing interpersonal stress. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:149-158. [PMID: 33939563 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1849020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Interpersonal stressful events (ISE) have been shown to be potent predictors of major depressive symptoms among older adults. This study examines the relationships between recent ISE and depressive symptoms in late life and explores whether having coping cognitive resource (e.g. finding meaning and goal in life) can buffer the effects of ISE on depressive symptoms for older adults. We utilized a sample of residents in Florida retirement communities (N = 588) who participated in a long-term-panel study using yearly assessments for six years. Additionally, we modeled within-person differences in ISE and depressive symptoms simultaneously with multilevel modeling. Then, we tested the moderating effect of coping resource (i.e. meaning in life and goal in life) in the association between ISE and depressive symptoms. We found that the mean level of ISE is associated with higher depressive symptoms and lower life satisfaction. In addition, higher levels of within-person meaning and goal buffered the negative effect of ISE on depressive symptoms for older adults. Similarly, within-person meaning and goal also attenuated the negative effect of ISE on life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Eun Lee
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Eva Kahana
- Department of Sociology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Boaz Kahana
- Department of Psychology, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Steve Zarit
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
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88
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Hate and meaning in life: How collective, but not personal, hate quells threat and spurs meaning in life. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2021.104227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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89
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Positive and negative religiousness and search for meaning: Impact on treatment of substance abuse after 6 months. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 230:109182. [PMID: 34864358 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Religiousness and meaning in life are protective factors against addiction. Understanding this relationship may help to improve treatment. The aim of the current study was to assess the associations of positive and negative religiousness and search for meaning with treatment outcome, for patients with substance disorder (SUD). METHOD The sample consisted of 115 participants attending a Christian drug addiction treatment center in the Netherlands. The study had a longitudinal design in which associations of positive/negative religiousness and search for meaning at baseline (T0) with treatment outcome after six months (T1) were assessed by means of regression analyses. Treatment outcome was measured by clinical dysfunction and the degree of addiction. Instruments used were the ROM (Routine Outcome Monitoring) Meaning and Religious Faith, the Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45) and the Measurements in the Addictions for Triage and Evaluations (MATE-1). RESULTS A high degree of positive religiousness at T0 was associated with less addiction at T1 (p < .01). A high degree of negative religiousness at T0 was related to more clinical dysfunction at T1 (p = <0.05). A higher search for meaning at T0 predicted a higher level of addiction at T1 (p = <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Positive religiousness is associated with less, whereas search for meaning is associated with more addiction after six months. Negative religiousness is not associated with addiction, but with clinical dysfunction. Health professionals are recommended to assess these factors at the start of treatment and to consider possibilities to integrate them into treatment.
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90
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Hidalgo PM, Martínez MM, González AG, Petisco LG, Forcadell CA, D'Agostino CI, de la Varga LP. Self-Perceived Quality of Life in Spanish-Speaking Women with Autism Spectrum Disorders. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:5428-5439. [PMID: 34953140 PMCID: PMC9637056 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05400-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Perceived personal wellbeing tends to be lower in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), especially in the case of women. To develop the present study, the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI-A) was administered to a Spanish-speaking sample of women with ASD (N = 401) and self-diagnosed ASD (N = 343), women without ASD (N = 373) and men with ASD (N = 65) to compare their self-perceptions. Women with ASD showed significantly lower wellbeing rates than women in the control group for the total PWI-A and across all the domains, and there were no significant differences when compared with self-diagnosed women with ASD and men with ASD. Autism explained between 24 and 26% of the decline in the PWI-A total score, with life achievement, future security, safety and relationships being the domains most highly correlated with the total. These findings are an effective contribution to improving diagnosis and professional intervention in women with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Morales Hidalgo
- Research Group on Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM), Research Center for Behavioral Assessment (CRAMC), Department of Psychology, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
- Asperger- ASD Association of Camp de Tarragona, Tarragona, Spain.
- Spanish Association of Autism Professionals (AETAPI), Cadiz, Spain.
| | - María Merino Martínez
- Science of Education Department, Specific Didactics Department, Universidad de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
- Burgos Autism Association, Burgos, Spain
- Spanish Association of Autism Professionals (AETAPI), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Angélica Gutiérrez González
- Department of Social Anthropology, Basic Psychology Public Health, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
- Sevilla Autism Association, Sevilla, Spain
- Spanish Association of Autism Professionals (AETAPI), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Lola Garrote Petisco
- Centro de Evaluación, Diagnóstico e Intervención (CEDIN), Valencia, Spain
- Spanish Association of Autism Professionals (AETAPI), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Carol Amat Forcadell
- Maresme Health Consortium, Mataró Hospital, Mataró, Spain
- Gabinet d'Especialitats Mèdiques Associades Mataró (GEMASI), Mataró, Spain
- Spanish Association of Autism Professionals (AETAPI), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Cynthia I D'Agostino
- Department of Psychology and Pedagogical Sciences, Universidad CAECE, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Pediatrics Service, Hospital de Clinicas José T. San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Spanish Association of Autism Professionals (AETAPI), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Laura Pérez de la Varga
- Science of Education Department, Universidad de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
- Spanish Association of Autism Professionals (AETAPI), Cadiz, Spain
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91
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Slettebø Å, Skaar R, Brodtkorb K. Social Innovation Toward a Meaningful Everyday Life for Nursing Home Residents: An Ethnographic Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:666079. [PMID: 34899454 PMCID: PMC8656948 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.666079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The literature shows that innovation, which includes culture change, may be important to create a meaningful everyday life for nursing home residents. However, there is a gap in how social innovation practices may contribute to this. The theoretical discourse for the study is person-centered care. Aim: The main aim was to explore phenomena within social innovation that can contribute to improving nursing home residents’ everyday lives. Design and Method: This study uses an ethnographic design with observations and interviews in two nursing homes in Southern Norway. Findings: The main theme was that social innovation within working practices in nursing homes includes phenomena that contribute to a meaningful everyday life for the residents. This main theme includes five subthemes: (1) opening the nursing home to the surroundings; (2) expanding and strengthening the community of practice; (3) facilitating customized activities; (4) ensuring sufficient nutrition and facilitating enjoyable mealtimes; and (5) preventing unrest and disturbing behavior. Conclusion: The study reveals that innovation practices grounded in person-centered care in nursing homes may contribute to opening the nursing home to the community and establishing a common community practice for all members of the nursing home. This enables residents to experience meaningful everyday life through customized activities, sufficient nutrition, and a pleasant milieu during mealtimes. Disturbing behavior is also prevented, making it possible to promote meaningful lives in nursing homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åshild Slettebø
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Centre for Caring Research - Southern Norway, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Skaar
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Centre for Caring Research - Southern Norway, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway
| | - Kari Brodtkorb
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Centre for Caring Research - Southern Norway, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway
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92
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Hanna-Walker V, Busby DM, Leavitt CE, James SL. Missing Piece of the Puzzle: Evaluating a General Meaning of Sex Measure. FAMILY PROCESS 2021; 60:1307-1330. [PMID: 33460145 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The presence of and search for meaning has divergent and salient outcomes for individuals' physical, mental, and emotional well-being. Although numerous domains of meaning have been examined, the literature on the meaning of sex is sparse and lacks a quantitative measure. In this study, we evaluated a new general Meaning of Sex (MOS) Measure that captured the presence of (MOS-P) and search for (MOS-S) the meaning of sex by analyzing how these subscales were associated with important relational and sexual outcomes (i.e., relationship stability and satisfaction and sexual satisfaction) in two samples. For Sample 1, all participants (N = 865) reported engaging in what they considered to be sexual intercourse and were either single or in a relationship. For Sample 2, all participants (N = 884) reported being in a committed relationship for at least two years. With both samples, confirmatory factor analyses showed good construct validity as the two subscales were distinct from one another and had good reliability. The analyses also demonstrated divergent validity between both scales and meaning in life, sexual motivations, sexual beliefs, and religiosity. The MOS-S had a strong (and negative) association with relationship stability in both samples. The MOS-P had a strong (and positive) association with relationship satisfaction in both samples.
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93
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Coelho GLDH, Byrne A, Hourihane J, DunnGalvin A. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule - Food Allergy (PANAS-FA): Adaptation and psychometric properties. World Allergy Organ J 2021; 14:100615. [PMID: 34934473 PMCID: PMC8654619 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2021.100615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergy (FA) is a worldwide concern, increasing up to 50% in the past decade, with a 700% rise in hospitalizations because of anaphylaxis. Individuals diagnosed with FA must have the emotional resources to cope with the many challenges that arise from self-management tasks and the social limitations that FA presents. Therefore, it is clear that close consideration of heightened emotions due to FA is needed. METHOD The present research aimed to adapt the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), one of the most used questionnaires available to measure mood or emotion worldwide, for a population of individuals with FA. We performed one study (N = 205; M age = 37.37; Age range = 18-72). To adapt the measure, we asked participants to what extent they "generally" felt about having a FA, through 20 items (eg, strong, alert - positive affect; upset, scared - negative affect). We used Item Response Theory, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and reliability estimates to assess the data. We also propose a shorter version of the PANAS-FA, using its "best items". Finally, we also used the General Anxiety Disorder-7 measure and Need for Affect Questionnaire to assess convergent validity. RESULTS The PANAS-FA presented a good model fit and strong item parameters. We removed 4 items from each factor for the shorter version, which presented difficulty levels slightly higher than recommended. The short PANAS-FA presented comparable results to the longer version. The measure also showed significant associations with general anxiety and need for affect, which assesses to what extent an individual likes to engage in emotion-inducing situations. Through a mediational model, negative affect significantly influenced general anxiety, partially influenced by the extent individuals avoid emotional situations. CONCLUSION We are confident that the adaptation of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule focused on food allergy (PANAS-FA) provides a novel opportunity to understand the intrinsic associations between emotions and living with FA. Identifying which FA emotions are related to these factors may be vital for future interventions, providing an environment that focuses or promotes these emotions to enhance individual well-being.
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94
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Xu S, Wang Z. The immediate and delayed impact of multitasking on well‐being: An experience sampling study. HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hbe2.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xu
- Department of Public Relations, College of Media and Communication Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas USA
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Communication, Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
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95
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Searching for meaning is associated with costly prosociality. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258769. [PMID: 34695151 PMCID: PMC8544877 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of meaning in life has largely centered on its relationship with personal well-being, while a focus on how meaning is related to enhancing the well-being of others has received less research attention. Although searching for meaning may imply lower personal well-being, we find that meaning-seekers are more motivated to perform costly prosocial actions for the sake of others’ well-being, given the perceived meaningfulness of these behaviors. Studies 1–4 (N = 780) show that meaning-seeking correlates with the motivation to engage in a range of costly prosocial behaviors. Meaning-seeking is further shown to be distinct from pursuing happiness in its relationship with costly prosociality (Study 2 & 3) and to share a stronger association with high-cost than low-cost prosociality (Study 3 & 4). Study 5 (N = 370; pre-registered) further shows that the search for meaning is related to costly prosocial behavior in the recent past. While our studies are cross-sectional, the pattern of findings suggests that seeking meaning (rather than happiness) may play an important role in motivating altruistic tendencies.
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96
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Rothschild ZK, Keefer LA. Meaningful outrage: Anger at injustice bolsters meaning for justice sensitive individuals. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas A. Keefer
- Bowdoin College University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg Mississippi USA
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97
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Factor structure and psychometric properties of the purpose in life test (PIL) in a sample of Chinese college students: An application of confirmatory factor analysis and item response theory. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02356-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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98
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Leung AK, Koh B, Phang R, Lee STH, Huang T. Linking Creativity to Psychological Well‐being: Integrative Insights from the Instrumental Emotion Regulation Theory. JOURNAL OF CREATIVE BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jocb.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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99
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Tiilikainen E, Lisko I, Kekkonen E, Solomon A, Ngandu T, Kivipelto M, Kulmala J. Everyday Life Meaningfulness for the Community-Dwelling Oldest Old During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:716428. [PMID: 34566798 PMCID: PMC8459014 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.716428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In many countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to strong restrictions and changed the everyday lives of older people. In Finland, people aged 70 and over were instructed to stay at home under quarantine-like conditions. Existing studies from other countries have reported increases in negative experiences and symptoms as a result of such restrictions, including psychosocial stress. However, little focus has been given to older people's experiences of meaningfulness during the pandemic. Using survey and interview data, we ask to what extent have community-dwelling oldest old (80+) experienced meaningfulness during the pandemic, what background factors are associated with meaningfulness and what factors have contributed to everyday life meaningfulness during the pandemic. The data was collected as part of the COVID-19 sub-study of the third follow-up of the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia (CAIDE85+) study, a Finnish population-based cohort study carried out in the eastern part of the country. In the quantitative analyses, meaningfulness was assessed as part of the Experiences of Social Inclusion Scale. The association of meaningfulness with different background factors (gender, age, living alone, self-chosen quarantine or physical isolation, self-rated health, physical functioning, and cognitive capacity) was explored with the Chi-square test. The quantitative findings indicate that the majority of the participants experienced meaningfulness during the pandemic. Participants who did not practice any physical isolation measures and participants with higher self-rated health experienced more meaningfulness. There was no evidence for difference in the prevalence of meaningfulness and other background factors. The qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicated that factors contributing to meaningfulness in everyday life were social contacts, daily chores and activities, familiar places and seasonal changes. The small sample size does not provide possibilities for generalizing the results into the wider population of older adults. However, the results provide new understanding of the oldest old's experiences of meaningfulness in everyday life during the global pandemic. The findings may help find ways to support older people's meaningfulness in challenging times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tiilikainen
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Inna Lisko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center (GEREC), University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eija Kekkonen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alina Solomon
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tiia Ngandu
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenni Kulmala
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.,Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences) and Gerontology Research Center (GEREC), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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100
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Effectiveness of Positive Psychology Skills Training on Life Expectancy of Addicts in Tehran. ADDICTIVE DISORDERS & THEIR TREATMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1097/adt.0000000000000296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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