51
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Graça AT, Hall M, Persson K, Schröder WP. High-resolution model of Arabidopsis Photosystem II reveals the structural consequences of digitonin-extraction. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15534. [PMID: 34330992 PMCID: PMC8324835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94914-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In higher plants, the photosynthetic process is performed and regulated by Photosystem II (PSII). Arabidopsis thaliana was the first higher plant with a fully sequenced genome, conferring it the status of a model organism; nonetheless, a high-resolution structure of its Photosystem II is missing. We present the first Cryo-EM high-resolution structure of Arabidopsis PSII supercomplex with average resolution of 2.79 Å, an important model for future PSII studies. The digitonin extracted PSII complexes demonstrate the importance of: the LHG2630-lipid-headgroup in the trimerization of the light-harvesting complex II; the stabilization of the PsbJ subunit and the CP43-loop E by DGD520-lipid; the choice of detergent for the integrity of membrane protein complexes. Furthermore, our data shows at the anticipated Mn4CaO5-site a single metal ion density as a reminiscent early stage of Photosystem II photoactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- André T Graça
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Michael Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karina Persson
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
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52
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Pashayeva A, Wu G, Huseynova I, Lee CH, Zulfugarov IS. Role of Thylakoid Protein Phosphorylation in Energy-Dependent Quenching of Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Rice Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157978. [PMID: 34360743 PMCID: PMC8347447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Under natural environments, light quality and quantity are extremely varied. To respond and acclimate to such changes, plants have developed a multiplicity of molecular regulatory mechanisms. Non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence (NPQ) and thylakoid protein phosphorylation are two mechanisms that protect vascular plants. To clarify the role of thylakoid protein phosphorylation in energy-dependent quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence (qE) in rice plants, we used a direct Western blot assay after BN-PAGE to detect all phosphoproteins by P-Thr antibody as well as by P-Lhcb1 and P-Lhcb2 antibodies. Isolated thylakoids in either the dark- or the light-adapted state from wild type (WT) and PsbS-KO rice plants were used for this approach to detect light-dependent interactions between PsbS, PSII, and LHCII proteins. We observed that the bands corresponding to the phosphorylated Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 as well as the other phosphorylated proteins were enhanced in the PsbS-KO mutant after illumination. The qE relaxation became slower in WT plants after 10 min HL treatment, which correlated with Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 protein phosphorylation in the LHCII trimers under the same experimental conditions. Thus, we concluded that light-induced phosphorylation of PSII core and Lhcb1/Lhcb2 proteins is enhanced in rice PsbS-KO plants which might be due to more reactive-oxygen-species production in this mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aynura Pashayeva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 11 Izzat Nabiyev Str., Baku AZ 1073, Azerbaijan; (A.P.); (I.H.)
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Guangxi Wu
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Irada Huseynova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 11 Izzat Nabiyev Str., Baku AZ 1073, Azerbaijan; (A.P.); (I.H.)
| | - Choon-Hwan Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
- Correspondence: (C.-H.L.); or (I.S.Z.)
| | - Ismayil S. Zulfugarov
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 11 Izzat Nabiyev Str., Baku AZ 1073, Azerbaijan; (A.P.); (I.H.)
- Correspondence: (C.-H.L.); or (I.S.Z.)
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53
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Qiu S, Chen X, Zhai Y, Cui W, Ai X, Rao S, Chen J, Yan F. Downregulation of Light-Harvesting Complex II Induces ROS-Mediated Defense Against Turnip Mosaic Virus Infection in Nicotiana benthamiana. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:690988. [PMID: 34290685 PMCID: PMC8287655 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.690988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b complex protein 3 (LHCB3) of photosystem II plays important roles distributing the excitation energy and modulating the rate of state transition and stomatal response to abscisic acid. However, the functions of LHCB3 in plant immunity have not been well investigated. Here, we show that the expression of LHCB3 in Nicotiana benthamiana (NbLHCB3) was down-regulated by turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) infection. When NbLHCB3 was silenced by tobacco rattle virus-induced gene silencing, systemic infection of TuMV was inhibited. H2O2 was over-accumulated in NbLHCB3-silenced plants. Chemical treatment to inhibit or eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) impaired the resistance of the NbLHCB3-silenced plants to TuMV infection. Co-silencing of NbLHCB3 with genes involved in ROS production compromised the resistance of plants to TuMV but co-silencing of NbLHCB3 with genes in the ROS scavenging pathway increased resistance to the virus. Transgenic plants overexpressing NbLHCB3 were more susceptible to TuMV. These results indicate that downregulation of NbLHCB3 is involved in defense against TuMV by inducing ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyou Qiu
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yushan Zhai
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijun Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuhong Ai
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaofei Rao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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54
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Messant M, Krieger-Liszkay A, Shimakawa G. Dynamic Changes in Protein-Membrane Association for Regulating Photosynthetic Electron Transport. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051216. [PMID: 34065690 PMCID: PMC8155901 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosynthesis has to work efficiently in contrasting environments such as in shade and full sun. Rapid changes in light intensity and over-reduction of the photosynthetic electron transport chain cause production of reactive oxygen species, which can potentially damage the photosynthetic apparatus. Thus, to avoid such damage, photosynthetic electron transport is regulated on many levels, including light absorption in antenna, electron transfer reactions in the reaction centers, and consumption of ATP and NADPH in different metabolic pathways. Many regulatory mechanisms involve the movement of protein-pigment complexes within the thylakoid membrane. Furthermore, a certain number of chloroplast proteins exist in different oligomerization states, which temporally associate to the thylakoid membrane and modulate their activity. This review starts by giving a short overview of the lipid composition of the chloroplast membranes, followed by describing supercomplex formation in cyclic electron flow. Protein movements involved in the various mechanisms of non-photochemical quenching, including thermal dissipation, state transitions and the photosystem II damage–repair cycle are detailed. We highlight the importance of changes in the oligomerization state of VIPP and of the plastid terminal oxidase PTOX and discuss the factors that may be responsible for these changes. Photosynthesis-related protein movements and organization states of certain proteins all play a role in acclimation of the photosynthetic organism to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Messant
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEDEX, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
| | - Anja Krieger-Liszkay
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEDEX, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ginga Shimakawa
- Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan;
- Department of Bioscience, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei-Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
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55
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Kameo S, Aso M, Furukawa R, Matsumae R, Yokono M, Fujita T, Tanaka A, Tanaka R, Takabayashi A. Substitution of Deoxycholate with the Amphiphilic Polymer Amphipol A8-35 Improves the Stability of Large Protein Complexes during Native Electrophoresis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:348-355. [PMID: 33399873 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) is a powerful technique for protein complex separation that retains both their activity and structure. In photosynthetic research, native-PAGE is particularly useful given that photosynthetic complexes are generally large in size, ranging from 200 kD to 1 MD or more. Recently, it has been reported that the addition of amphipol A8-35 to solubilized protein samples improved protein complex stability. In a previous study, we found that amphipol A8-35 could substitute sodium deoxycholate (DOC), a conventional electrophoretic carrier, in clear-native (CN)-PAGE. In this study, we present the optimization of amphipol-based CN-PAGE. We found that the ratio of amphipol A8-35 to α-dodecyl maltoside, a detergent commonly used to solubilize photosynthetic complexes, was critical for resolving photosynthetic machinery in CN-PAGE. In addition, LHCII dissociation from PSII-LHCII was effectively prevented by amphipol-based CN-PAGE compared with that of DOC-based CN-PAGE. Our data strongly suggest that majority of the PSII-LHCII in vivo forms C2S2M2 at least in Arabidopsis and Physcomitrella. The other forms might appear owing to the dissociation of LHCII from PSII during sample preparation and electrophoresis, which could be prevented by the addition of amphipol A8-35 after solubilization from thylakoid membranes. These results suggest that amphipol-based CN-PAGE may be a better alternative to DOC-based CN-PAGE for the study of labile protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsa Kameo
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0819 Japan
| | - Michiki Aso
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0819 Japan
| | - Ryo Furukawa
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0819 Japan
| | - Renon Matsumae
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0819 Japan
| | - Makio Yokono
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0819 Japan
- Innovation Center, Nippon Flour Mills Co., Ltd, Atsugi, 243-0041 Japan
| | - Tomomichi Fujita
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810 Japan
| | - Ayumi Tanaka
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0819 Japan
| | - Ryouichi Tanaka
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0819 Japan
| | - Atsushi Takabayashi
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0819 Japan
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56
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Wang P, Grimm B. Connecting Chlorophyll Metabolism with Accumulation of the Photosynthetic Apparatus. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:484-495. [PMID: 33422426 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll (Chl) is indispensable for photosynthesis. In association with Chl-binding proteins (CBPs), it is responsible for light absorption, excitation energy transfer, and charge separation within the photosynthetic complexes. By contrast, photoexcitation of free Chl and its metabolic intermediates generates hazardous reactive oxygen species (ROS). While antagonistic activities of Chl synthesis and catabolism have been mostly elucidated, the tight synchronization of these metabolic activities with the formation and dismantling of the photosynthetic complexes is poorly understood. Recently, a set of auxiliary factors were identified to adjust metabolic activities and provide accurate amounts of Chl for pigment-protein complexes. Here, we review current knowledge of post-translational coordination of Chl formation, breakdown, and turnover with the assembly and disassembly of various CBPs and highlight future research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology/Plant Physiology, Philippstraße 13 Building 12, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Grimm
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology/Plant Physiology, Philippstraße 13 Building 12, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
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57
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Nicol L, Croce R. The PsbS protein and low pH are necessary and sufficient to induce quenching in the light-harvesting complex of plants LHCII. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7415. [PMID: 33795805 PMCID: PMC8016914 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86975-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthesis is tightly regulated in order to withstand dynamic light environments. Under high light intensities, a mechanism known as non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) dissipates excess excitation energy, protecting the photosynthetic machinery from damage. An obstacle that lies in the way of understanding the molecular mechanism of NPQ is the large gap between in vitro and in vivo studies. On the one hand, the complexity of the photosynthetic membrane makes it challenging to obtain molecular information from in vivo experiments. On the other hand, a suitable in vitro system for the study of quenching is not available. Here we have developed a minimal NPQ system using proteoliposomes. With this, we demonstrate that the combination of low pH and PsbS is both necessary and sufficient to induce quenching in LHCII, the main antenna complex of plants. This proteoliposome system can be further exploited to gain more insight into how PsbS and other factors (e.g. zeaxanthin) influence the quenching mechanism observed in LHCII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Nicol
- Biophysics of Photosynthesis, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roberta Croce
- Biophysics of Photosynthesis, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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58
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Antenna Protein Clustering In Vitro Unveiled by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062969. [PMID: 33804002 PMCID: PMC8000295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antenna protein aggregation is one of the principal mechanisms considered effective in protecting phototrophs against high light damage. Commonly, it is induced, in vitro, by decreasing detergent concentration and pH of a solution of purified antennas; the resulting reduction in fluorescence emission is considered to be representative of non-photochemical quenching in vivo. However, little is known about the actual size and organization of antenna particles formed by this means, and hence the physiological relevance of this experimental approach is questionable. Here, a quasi-single molecule method, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), was applied during in vitro quenching of LHCII trimers from higher plants for a parallel estimation of particle size, fluorescence, and antenna cluster homogeneity in a single measurement. FCS revealed that, below detergent critical micelle concentration, low pH promoted the formation of large protein oligomers of sizes up to micrometers, and therefore is apparently incompatible with thylakoid membranes. In contrast, LHCII clusters formed at high pH were smaller and homogenous, and yet still capable of efficient quenching. The results altogether set the physiological validity limits of in vitro quenching experiments. Our data also support the idea that the small, moderately quenching LHCII oligomers found at high pH could be relevant with respect to non-photochemical quenching in vivo.
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59
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Reinot T, Jassas M, Kell A, Casazza AP, Santabarbara S, Jankowiak R. On wavelength-dependent exciton lifetime distributions in reconstituted CP29 antenna of the photosystem II and its site-directed mutants. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:085101. [PMID: 33639775 DOI: 10.1063/5.0038217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To provide more insight into the excitonic structure and exciton lifetimes of the wild type (WT) CP29 complex of photosystem II, we measured high-resolution (low temperature) absorption, emission, and hole burned spectra for the A2 and B3 mutants, which lack chlorophylls a612 and b614 (Chls), respectively. Experimental and modeling results obtained for the WT CP29 and A2/B3 mutants provide new insight on the mutation-induced changes at the molecular level and shed more light on energy transfer dynamics. Simulations of the A2 and B3 optical spectra, using the second-order non-Markovian theory, and comparison with improved fits of WT CP29 optical spectra provide more insight into their excitonic structure, mutation induced changes, and frequency-dependent distributions of exciton lifetimes (T1). A new Hamiltonian obtained for WT CP29 reveals that deletion of Chls a612 or b614 induces changes in the site energies of all remaining Chls. Hamiltonians obtained for A2 and B3 mutants are discussed in the context of the energy landscape of chlorophylls, excitonic structure, and transfer kinetics. Our data suggest that the lowest exciton states in A2 and B3 mutants are contributed by a611(57%), a610(17%), a615(15%) and a615(58%), a611(20%), a612(15%) Chls, respectively, although other compositions of lowest energy states are also discussed. Finally, we argue that the calculated exciton decay times are consistent with both the hole-burning and recent transient absorption measurements. Wavelength-dependent T1 distributions offer more insight into the interpretation of kinetic traces commonly described by discrete exponentials in global analysis/global fitting of transient absorption experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonu Reinot
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Mahboobe Jassas
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Adam Kell
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Anna Paola Casazza
- Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, C.N.R., Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Santabarbara
- Photosynthesis Research Unit, Centro Studi sulla Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare delle Piante, C.N.R., Milano, Italy
| | - Ryszard Jankowiak
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
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60
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Shi Y, Che Y, Wang Y, Luan S, Hou X. Loss of mature D1 leads to compromised CP43 assembly in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:106. [PMID: 33610179 PMCID: PMC7896377 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02888-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photosystem II (PSII) is a highly conserved integral-membrane multi-subunit pigment-protein complex. The proteins, pigments, lipids, and ions in PSII need to be assembled precisely to ensure a proper PSII biogenesis. D1 is the main subunit of PSII core reaction center (RC), and is usually synthesized as a precursor D1. D1 maturation by the C-terminal processing protease CtpA is essential for PSII assembly. However, the detailed mechanism about how D1 maturation affects PSII assembly is not clearly elucidated so far. In this study, Arabidopsis thaliana CtpA mutant (atctpa: SALK_056011), which lacks the D1 mature process, was used to investigate the function of this process on PSII assembly in more details. RESULTS Without the C-terminal processing of precursor D1, PSII assembly, including PSII monomer, dimer, especially PSII supercomplexes (PSII SCs), was largely compromised as reported previously. Western blotting following the BN-2D-SDS PAGE revealed that although the assembly of PSII core proteins D2, CP43 and CP47 was affected by the loss of D1 mature process, the incorporation of CP43 was affected the most, indicated by its most reduced assembly efficiency into PSII SCs. Furthermore, the slower growth of yeast cells which were co-transformed with pD1 and CP43, when compared with the ones co-transformed with mature D1 and CP43, approved the existence of D1 C-terminal tail hindered the interaction efficiency between D1 and CP43, indicating the physiological importance of D1 mature process on the PSII assembly and the healthy growth of the organisms. CONCLUSIONS The knockout Arabidopsis atctpa mutant is a good material to study the unexpected link between D1 maturation and PSII SCs assembly. The loss of D1 maturation mainly affects the incorporation of PSII core protein CP43, an inner antenna binding protein, which functions in the association of LHCII complexes to PSII dimers during the formation of PSII SCs. Our findings here provide detailed supports of the role of D1 maturation during PSII SCs assembly in higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yufen Che
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Yukun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Xin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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61
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Streckaite S, Llansola-Portoles MJ, Pascal AA, Ilioaia C, Gall A, Seki S, Fujii R, Robert B. Pigment structure in the light-harvesting protein of the siphonous green alga Codium fragile. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148384. [PMID: 33545114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The siphonaxanthin-siphonein-chlorophyll-a/b-binding protein (SCP), a trimeric light-harvesting complex isolated from photosystem II of the siphonous green alga Codium fragile, binds the carotenoid siphonaxanthin (Sx) and/or its ester siphonein in place of lutein, in addition to chlorophylls a/b and neoxanthin. SCP exhibits a higher content of chlorophyll b (Chl-b) than its counterpart in green plants, light-harvesting complex II (LHCII), increasing the relative absorption of blue-green light for photosynthesis. Using low temperature absorption and resonance Raman spectroscopies, we reveal the presence of two non-equivalent Sx molecules in SCP, and assign their absorption peaks at 501 and 535 nm. The red-absorbing Sx population exhibits a significant distortion that is reminiscent of lutein 2 in trimeric LHCII. Unexpected enhancement of the Raman modes of Chls-b in SCP allows an unequivocal description of seven to nine non-equivalent Chls-b, and six distinct Chl-a populations in this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Streckaite
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Manuel J Llansola-Portoles
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Andrew A Pascal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Cristian Ilioaia
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Andrew Gall
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Soichiro Seki
- Osaka City University, Graduate School of Science, Sumiyoshi Ku, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Osaka 5588585, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Fujii
- Osaka City University, Graduate School of Science, Sumiyoshi Ku, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Osaka 5588585, Japan; Osaka City University, The OCU Research Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Sumiyoshi Ku, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Osaka 5588585, Japan
| | - Bruno Robert
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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Li F, Liu C, Streckaite S, Yang C, Xu P, Llansola-Portoles MJ, Ilioaia C, Pascal AA, Croce R, Robert B. A new, unquenched intermediate of LHCII. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100322. [PMID: 33493515 PMCID: PMC7949128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
When plants are exposed to high-light conditions, the potentially harmful excess energy is dissipated as heat, a process called non-photochemical quenching. Efficient energy dissipation can also be induced in the major light-harvesting complex of photosystem II (LHCII) in vitro, by altering the structure and interactions of several bound cofactors. In both cases, the extent of quenching has been correlated with conformational changes (twisting) affecting two bound carotenoids, neoxanthin, and one of the two luteins (in site L1). This lutein is directly involved in the quenching process, whereas neoxanthin senses the overall change in state without playing a direct role in energy dissipation. Here we describe the isolation of an intermediate state of LHCII, using the detergent n-dodecyl-α-D-maltoside, which exhibits the twisting of neoxanthin (along with changes in chlorophyll–protein interactions), in the absence of the L1 change or corresponding quenching. We demonstrate that neoxanthin is actually a reporter of the LHCII environment—probably reflecting a large-scale conformational change in the protein—whereas the appearance of excitation energy quenching is concomitant with the configuration change of the L1 carotenoid only, reflecting changes on a smaller scale. This unquenched LHCII intermediate, described here for the first time, provides for a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Simona Streckaite
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Chunhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pengqi Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel J Llansola-Portoles
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Cristian Ilioaia
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Andrew A Pascal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Roberta Croce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Robert
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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Gelzinis A, Augulis R, Büchel C, Robert B, Valkunas L. Confronting FCP structure with ultrafast spectroscopy data: evidence for structural variations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:806-821. [PMID: 33427836 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05578f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Diatoms are a major group of algae, responsible for a quarter of the global primary production on our planet. Their adaptation to marine environments is ensured by their light-harvesting antenna - the fucoxanthin-chlorophyll protein (FCP) complex, which absorbs strongly in the blue-green spectral region. Although these essential proteins have been the subject of many studies, for a long time their comprehensive description was not possible in the absence of structural data. Last year, the 3D structures of several FCP complexes were revealed. The structure of an FCP dimer was resolved by crystallography for the pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum [W. Wang et al., Science, 2019, 363, 6427] and the structure of the PSII supercomplex from the centric diatom Chaetoceros gracilis, containing several FCPs, was obtained by electron microscopy [X. Pi et al., Science, 2019, 365, 6452; R. Nagao et al., Nat. Plants, 2019, 5, 890]. In this Perspective article, we evaluate how precisely these structures may account for previously published ultrafast spectroscopy results, describing the excitation energy transfer in the FCP from another centric diatom Cyclotella meneghiniana. Surprisingly, we find that the published FCP structures cannot explain several observations obtained from ultrafast spectroscopy. Using the available structures, and results from electron microscopy, we construct a trimer-based FCP model for Cyclotella meneghiniana, consistent with ultrafast experimental data. As a whole, our observations suggest that the structures from the proteins belonging to the FCP family display larger variations than the equivalent LHC proteins in plants, which may reflect species-specific adaptations or original strategies for adapting to rapidly changing marine environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrius Gelzinis
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 9-III, 10222 Vilnius, Lithuania. and Department of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio 3, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ramūnas Augulis
- Department of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio 3, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Claudia Büchel
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Straβe 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bruno Robert
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Leonas Valkunas
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 9-III, 10222 Vilnius, Lithuania. and Department of Molecular Compound Physics, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio 3, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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64
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Flannery SE, Hepworth C, Wood WHJ, Pastorelli F, Hunter CN, Dickman MJ, Jackson PJ, Johnson MP. Developmental acclimation of the thylakoid proteome to light intensity in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:223-244. [PMID: 33118270 PMCID: PMC7898487 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic acclimation, the ability to adjust the composition of the thylakoid membrane to optimise the efficiency of electron transfer to the prevailing light conditions, is crucial to plant fitness in the field. While much is known about photosynthetic acclimation in Arabidopsis, to date there has been no study that combines both quantitative label-free proteomics and photosynthetic analysis by gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and P700 absorption spectroscopy. Using these methods we investigated how the levels of 402 thylakoid proteins, including many regulatory proteins not previously quantified, varied upon long-term (weeks) acclimation of Arabidopsis to low (LL), moderate (ML) and high (HL) growth light intensity and correlated these with key photosynthetic parameters. We show that changes in the relative abundance of cytb6 f, ATP synthase, FNR2, TIC62 and PGR6 positively correlate with changes in estimated PSII electron transfer rate and CO2 assimilation. Improved photosynthetic capacity in HL grown plants is paralleled by increased cyclic electron transport, which positively correlated with NDH, PGRL1, FNR1, FNR2 and TIC62, although not PGR5 abundance. The photoprotective acclimation strategy was also contrasting, with LL plants favouring slowly reversible non-photochemical quenching (qI), which positively correlated with LCNP, while HL plants favoured rapidly reversible quenching (qE), which positively correlated with PSBS. The long-term adjustment of thylakoid membrane grana diameter positively correlated with LHCII levels, while grana stacking negatively correlated with CURT1 and RIQ protein abundance. The data provide insights into how Arabidopsis tunes photosynthetic electron transfer and its regulation during developmental acclimation to light intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Flannery
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyUniversity of SheffieldFirth CourtWestern BankSheffieldUK
| | - Christopher Hepworth
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyUniversity of SheffieldFirth CourtWestern BankSheffieldUK
| | - William H. J. Wood
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyUniversity of SheffieldFirth CourtWestern BankSheffieldUK
| | - Federica Pastorelli
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyUniversity of SheffieldFirth CourtWestern BankSheffieldUK
| | - Christopher N. Hunter
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyUniversity of SheffieldFirth CourtWestern BankSheffieldUK
| | - Mark J. Dickman
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringChELSI InstituteUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Philip J. Jackson
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyUniversity of SheffieldFirth CourtWestern BankSheffieldUK
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringChELSI InstituteUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Matthew P. Johnson
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyUniversity of SheffieldFirth CourtWestern BankSheffieldUK
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65
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Tu W, Wu L, Zhang C, Sun R, Wang L, Yang W, Yang C, Liu C. Neoxanthin affects the stability of the C 2 S 2 M 2 -type photosystem II supercomplexes and the kinetics of state transition in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:1724-1735. [PMID: 33085804 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Neoxanthin (Neo), which is only bound to the peripheral antenna proteins of photosystem (PS) II, is a conserved carotenoid in all green plants. It has been demonstrated that Neo plays an important role in photoprotection and its deficiency fails to impact LHCII stability in vitro and indoor plant growth in vivo. Whether Neo is involved in maintaining the PSII complex structure or adaptive mechanisms for the everchanging environment has not yet been elucidated. In this study, the role of Neo in maintaining the structure and function of the PSII-LHCII supercomplexes was studied using Neo deficient Arabidopsis mutants. Our results show that Neo deficiency had little effect on the electron transport capacity and the plant fitness, but the PSII-LHCII supercomplexes were significantly impacted by the lack of Neo. In the absence of Neo, the M-type LHCII trimer cannot effectively associate with the C2 S2 -type PSII-LHCII supercomplexes even in moderate light conditions. Interestingly, Neo deficiency also leads to decreased PSII protein phosphorylation but rapid transition from state 1 to state 2. We suggest that Neo might enforce the interactions between LHCII and the minor antennas and that the absence of Neo makes M-type LHCII disassociate from the PSII complex, leading to the disassembly of the PSII-LHCII C2 S2 M2 supercomplexes, which results in alterations in the phosphorylation patterns of the thylakoid photosynthetic proteins and the kinetics of state transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Tu
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Lishuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Ruixue Sun
- Qingdao Institute, Shanghai Institute of Technological Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 264000, China
| | - Liangsheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenqiang Yang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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66
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Urban A, Rogowski P, Wasilewska-Dębowska W, Romanowska E. Effect of light on the rearrangements of PSI super-and megacomplexes in the non-appressed thylakoid domains of maize mesophyll chloroplasts. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 301:110655. [PMID: 33218624 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrated the existence of PSI-LHCI-LHCII-Lhcb4 supercomplexes and PSI-LHCI-PSII-LHCII megacomplexes in the stroma lamellae and grana margins of maize mesophyll chloroplasts; these complexes consist of different LHCII trimers and monomer antenna proteins per PSI photocentre. These complexes are formed in both low (LL) and high (HL) light growth conditions, but with different contents. We attempted to identify the components and structure of these complexes in maize chloroplasts isolated from the leaves of low and high light-grown plants after darkness and transition to far red (FR) light of high intensity. Exposition of plants from high and low light growth condition on FR light induces different rearrangements in the composition of super- and megacomplexes. During FR light exposure, in plants from LL, the PSI-LHCI-LHCII-Lhcb4 supercomplex dissociates into free LHCII-Lhcb4 and PSI-LHCI complexes, and these complexes associate with the PSII monomer. This process occurs differently in plants from HL. Exposition to FR light causes dissociation of both PSI-LHCI-LHCII-Lhcb4 supercomplexes and PSI-PSII megacomplexes. These results suggest a different function of super- and megacomplex organization than the classic state transitions model, which assumes that the movement of LHCII trimers in the thylakoid membraneis considered as a mechanism for balancing light absorption between the two photosystems in light stress. The behavior of the complexes described in this article does not seem to be well explained by this model, i.e., it does not seem likely that the primary purpose of these megacomplexes dynamics is to balance excitation pressure. Rather, as stated in this article, it seems to indicate a role of these complexes for PSI in excitation quenching and for PSII in turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Urban
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Rogowski
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wioleta Wasilewska-Dębowska
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Romanowska
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02096 Warsaw, Poland.
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67
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Grinzato A, Albanese P, Marotta R, Swuec P, Saracco G, Bolognesi M, Zanotti G, Pagliano C. High-Light versus Low-Light: Effects on Paired Photosystem II Supercomplex Structural Rearrangement in Pea Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8643. [PMID: 33207833 PMCID: PMC7698171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In plant grana thylakoid membranes Photosystem II (PSII) associates with a variable number of antenna proteins (LHCII) to form different types of supercomplexes (PSII-LHCII), whose organization is dynamically adjusted in response to light cues, with the C2S2 more abundant in high-light and the C2S2M2 in low-light. Paired PSII-LHCII supercomplexes interacting at their stromal surface from adjacent thylakoid membranes were previously suggested to mediate grana stacking. Here, we present the cryo-electron microscopy maps of paired C2S2 and C2S2M2 supercomplexes isolated from pea plants grown in high-light and low-light, respectively. These maps show a different rotational offset between the two supercomplexes in the pair, responsible for modifying their reciprocal interaction and energetic connectivity. This evidence reveals a different way by which paired PSII-LHCII supercomplexes can mediate grana stacking at diverse irradiances. Electrostatic stromal interactions between LHCII trimers almost completely overlapping in the paired C2S2 can be the main determinant by which PSII-LHCII supercomplexes mediate grana stacking in plants grown in high-light, whereas the mutual interaction of stromal N-terminal loops of two facing Lhcb4 subunits in the paired C2S2M2 can fulfil this task in plants grown in low-light. The high-light induced accumulation of the Lhcb4.3 protein in PSII-LHCII supercomplexes has been previously reported. Our cryo-electron microscopy map at 3.8 Å resolution of the C2S2 supercomplex isolated from plants grown in high-light suggests the presence of the Lhcb4.3 protein revealing peculiar structural features of this high-light-specific antenna important for photoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Grinzato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58 B, 35121 Padova, Italy; (A.G.); (G.Z.)
| | - Pascal Albanese
- Applied Science and Technology Department–BioSolar Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Environment Park, Via Livorno 60, 10144 Torino, Italy; (P.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Roberto Marotta
- Center for Convergent Technologies, Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia—IIT, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy;
| | - Paolo Swuec
- Department of BioSciences, University of Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy; (P.S.); (M.B.)
- Cryo-Electron Microscopy Facility, Human Technopole, Via Cristina Belgioioso 171, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Guido Saracco
- Applied Science and Technology Department–BioSolar Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Environment Park, Via Livorno 60, 10144 Torino, Italy; (P.A.); (G.S.)
| | - Martino Bolognesi
- Department of BioSciences, University of Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy; (P.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Zanotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58 B, 35121 Padova, Italy; (A.G.); (G.Z.)
| | - Cristina Pagliano
- Applied Science and Technology Department–BioSolar Lab, Politecnico di Torino, Environment Park, Via Livorno 60, 10144 Torino, Italy; (P.A.); (G.S.)
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SsPsaH, a H subunit of the photosystem I reaction center of Suaeda salsa, confers the capacity of osmotic adjustment in tobacco. Genes Genomics 2020; 42:1455-1465. [PMID: 33155109 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-020-00970-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abiotic stress effects agricultural production, so research on improving stress tolerance of crop is important. Suaeda salsa is a halophyte with high salt and drought tolerance and ability to desalinate saline soil and improve soil quality. OBJECTIVE To discover and utilize of salt and drought tolerance-related genes, we further investigated the mechanisms of salt and drought tolerance. METHODS Through screening a salt treated Suaeda salsa cDNA library and further cloning a H subunit of the photosystem I reaction center SsPsaH cDNA, and then the protein domain and phylogenetic analyses of PSI genes was conducted with the NCBI Blast, DNAMAN, and MotifScan programs. The S. salsa seedlings were subjected to various stress treatments and analyze expression of SsPsaH under these treatments by real-time RT-PCR. SsPsaH expression construct was introduced into S. pombe cells by electroporation and transformed into N. tabacum plants by the leaf disc transformation method. RESULTS A member of the H subunit of the Photosystem I reaction center (defined as SsPsaH) was obtained. The expression of SsPsaH was up-regulated by abscisic acid (ABA), salt, and drought stress treatments. Over-expressing SsPsaH in recombinant yeasts enhanced high salinity tolerance and increased tolerance to sorbitol during seed germination and seedling root development in tobacco, respectively. Some stress-related mark genes such as a LEA family gene of NtLEA, a binding protein of a drought response element of NtDREB, the ascorbate peroxidase gene (NtAPX) were also up-regulated in SsPsaH overexpressing transgenic tobacco lines. CONCLUSIONS These results show that SsPsaH may contribute to the salt and osmotic stress response of plants.
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69
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Croce R, van Amerongen H. Light harvesting in oxygenic photosynthesis: Structural biology meets spectroscopy. Science 2020; 369:369/6506/eaay2058. [PMID: 32820091 DOI: 10.1126/science.aay2058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxygenic photosynthesis is the main process that drives life on earth. It starts with the harvesting of solar photons that, after transformation into electronic excitations, lead to charge separation in the reaction centers of photosystems I and II (PSI and PSII). These photosystems are large, modular pigment-protein complexes that work in series to fuel the formation of carbohydrates, concomitantly producing molecular oxygen. Recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy have enabled the determination of PSI and PSII structures in complex with light-harvesting components called "supercomplexes" from different organisms at near-atomic resolution. Here, we review the structural and spectroscopic aspects of PSI and PSII from plants and algae that directly relate to their light-harvesting properties, with special attention paid to the pathways and efficiency of excitation energy transfer and the regulatory aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Croce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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Kouřil R, Nosek L, Opatíková M, Arshad R, Semchonok DA, Chamrád I, Lenobel R, Boekema EJ, Ilík P. Unique organization of photosystem II supercomplexes and megacomplexes in Norway spruce. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:215-225. [PMID: 32654240 PMCID: PMC7590091 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) complexes are organized into large supercomplexes with variable amounts of light-harvesting proteins (Lhcb). A typical PSII supercomplex in plants is formed by four trimers of Lhcb proteins (LHCII trimers), which are bound to the PSII core dimer via monomeric antenna proteins. However, the architecture of PSII supercomplexes in Norway spruce[Picea abies (L.) Karst.] is different, most likely due to a lack of two Lhcb proteins, Lhcb6 and Lhcb3. Interestingly, the spruce PSII supercomplex shares similar structural features with its counterpart in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii [Kouřil et al. (2016) New Phytol. 210, 808-814]. Here we present a single-particle electron microscopy study of isolated PSII supercomplexes from Norway spruce that revealed binding of a variable amount of LHCII trimers to the PSII core dimer at positions that have never been observed in any other plant species so far. The largest spruce PSII supercomplex, which was found to bind eight LHCII trimers, is even larger than the current largest known PSII supercomplex from C. reinhardtii. We have also shown that the spruce PSII supercomplexes can form various types of PSII megacomplexes, which were also identified in intact grana membranes. Some of these large PSII supercomplexes and megacomplexes were identified also in Pinus sylvestris, another representative of the Pinaceae family. The structural variability and complexity of LHCII organization in Pinaceae seems to be related to the absence of Lhcb6 and Lhcb3 in this family, and may be beneficial for the optimization of light-harvesting under varying environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Kouřil
- Department of BiophysicsCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchFaculty of SciencePalacký UniversityŠlechtitelů 27Olomouc783 71Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Nosek
- Department of BiophysicsCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchFaculty of SciencePalacký UniversityŠlechtitelů 27Olomouc783 71Czech Republic
| | - Monika Opatíková
- Department of BiophysicsCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchFaculty of SciencePalacký UniversityŠlechtitelů 27Olomouc783 71Czech Republic
| | - Rameez Arshad
- Department of BiophysicsCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchFaculty of SciencePalacký UniversityŠlechtitelů 27Olomouc783 71Czech Republic
- Electron Microscopy GroupGroningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 7Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands
| | - Dmitry A. Semchonok
- Electron Microscopy GroupGroningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 7Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands
| | - Ivo Chamrád
- Department of Protein Biochemistry and ProteomicsCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchFaculty of SciencePalacký UniversityŠlechtitelů 27Olomouc783 71Czech Republic
| | - René Lenobel
- Department of Protein Biochemistry and ProteomicsCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchFaculty of SciencePalacký UniversityŠlechtitelů 27Olomouc783 71Czech Republic
| | - Egbert J. Boekema
- Electron Microscopy GroupGroningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 7Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands
| | - Petr Ilík
- Department of BiophysicsCentre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchFaculty of SciencePalacký UniversityŠlechtitelů 27Olomouc783 71Czech Republic
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Maksimov EG, Protasova EA, Tsoraev GV, Yaroshevich IA, Maydykovskiy AI, Shirshin EA, Gostev TS, Jelzow A, Moldenhauer M, Slonimskiy YB, Sluchanko NN, Friedrich T. Probing of carotenoid-tryptophan hydrogen bonding dynamics in the single-tryptophan photoactive Orange Carotenoid Protein. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11729. [PMID: 32678150 PMCID: PMC7366913 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68463-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The photoactive Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) plays a key role in cyanobacterial photoprotection. In OCP, a single non-covalently bound keto-carotenoid molecule acts as a light intensity sensor, while the protein is responsible for forming molecular contacts with the light-harvesting antenna, the fluorescence of which is quenched by OCP. Activation of this physiological interaction requires signal transduction from the photoexcited carotenoid to the protein matrix. Recent works revealed an asynchrony between conformational transitions of the carotenoid and the protein. Intrinsic tryptophan (Trp) fluorescence has provided valuable information about the protein part of OCP during its photocycle. However, wild-type OCP contains five Trp residues, which makes extraction of site-specific information impossible. In this work, we overcame this problem by characterizing the photocycle of a fully photoactive OCP variant (OCP-3FH) with only the most critical tryptophan residue (Trp-288) in place. Trp-288 is of special interest because it forms a hydrogen bond to the carotenoid's keto-oxygen to keep OCP in its dark-adapted state. Using femtosecond pump-probe fluorescence spectroscopy we analyzed the photocycle of OCP-3FH and determined the formation rate of the very first intermediate suggesting that generation of the recently discovered S* state of the carotenoid in OCP precedes the breakage of the hydrogen bonds. Therefore, following Trp fluorescence of the unique photoactive OCP-3FH variant, we identified the rate of the H-bond breakage and provided novel insights into early events accompanying photoactivation of wild-type OCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene G. Maksimov
- 0000 0001 2342 9668grid.14476.30Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia ,0000 0004 0468 2555grid.425156.1A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A. Protasova
- 0000 0001 2342 9668grid.14476.30Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgy V. Tsoraev
- 0000 0001 2342 9668grid.14476.30Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor A. Yaroshevich
- 0000 0001 2342 9668grid.14476.30Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton I. Maydykovskiy
- 0000 0001 2342 9668grid.14476.30Department of Quantum Electronics, Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeny A. Shirshin
- 0000 0001 2342 9668grid.14476.30Department of Quantum Electronics, Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Timofey S. Gostev
- 0000 0001 2342 9668grid.14476.30Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Marcus Moldenhauer
- 0000 0001 2292 8254grid.6734.6Technical University of Berlin, Institute of Chemistry PC 14, Straße des des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yury B. Slonimskiy
- 0000 0004 0468 2555grid.425156.1A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolai N. Sluchanko
- 0000 0001 2342 9668grid.14476.30Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia ,0000 0004 0468 2555grid.425156.1A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Thomas Friedrich
- 0000 0001 2292 8254grid.6734.6Technical University of Berlin, Institute of Chemistry PC 14, Straße des des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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72
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Efficient photosynthesis in dynamic light environments: a chloroplast's perspective. Biochem J 2020; 476:2725-2741. [PMID: 31654058 PMCID: PMC6792033 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In nature, light availability for photosynthesis can undergo massive changes on a very short timescale. Photosynthesis in such dynamic light environments requires that plants can respond swiftly. Expanding our knowledge of the rapid responses that underlie dynamic photosynthesis is an important endeavor: it provides insights into nature's design of a highly dynamic energy conversion system and hereby can open up new strategies for improving photosynthesis in the field. The present review focuses on three processes that have previously been identified as promising engineering targets for enhancing crop yield by accelerating dynamic photosynthesis, all three of them involving or being linked to processes in the chloroplast, i.e. relaxation of non-photochemical quenching, Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle enzyme activation/deactivation and dynamics of stomatal conductance. We dissect these three processes on the functional and molecular level to reveal gaps in our understanding and critically discuss current strategies to improve photosynthesis in the field.
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73
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Li H, Wang Y, Ye M, Li S, Li D, Ren H, Wang M, Du L, Li H, Veglia G, Gao J, Weng Y. Dynamical and allosteric regulation of photoprotection in light harvesting complex II. Sci China Chem 2020; 63:1121-1133. [PMID: 33163014 DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9771-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Major light-harvesting complex of photosystem II (LHCII) plays a dual role in light-harvesting and excited energy dissipation to protect photodamage from excess energy. The regulatory switch is induced by increased acidity, temperature or both. However, the molecular origin of the protein dynamics at the atomic level is still unknown. We carried out temperature-jump time-resolved infrared spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations to determine the energy quenching dynamics and conformational changes of LHCII trimers. We found that the spontaneous formation of a pair of local α-helices from the 310-helix E/loop and the C-terminal coil of the neighboring monomer, in response to the increased environmental temperature and/or acidity, induces a scissoring motion of transmembrane helices A and B, shifting the conformational equilibrium to a more open state, with an increased angle between the associated carotenoids. The dynamical allosteric conformation change leads to close contacts between the first excited state of carotenoid lutein 1 and chlorophyll pigments, facilitating the fluorescence quenching. Based on these results, we suggest a unified mechanism by which the LHCII trimer controls the dissipation of excess excited energy in response to increased temperature and acidity, as an intrinsic result of intense sun light in plant photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Manping Ye
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Deyong Li
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Haisheng Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Mohan Wang
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Luchao Du
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Heng Li
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Gianluigi Veglia
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jiali Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuxiang Weng
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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74
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Che Y, Kusama S, Matsui S, Suorsa M, Nakano T, Aro EM, Ifuku K. Arabidopsis PsbP-Like Protein 1 Facilitates the Assembly of the Photosystem II Supercomplexes and Optimizes Plant Fitness under Fluctuating Light. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:1168-1180. [PMID: 32277833 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In green plants, photosystem II (PSII) forms multisubunit supercomplexes (SCs) containing a dimeric core and light-harvesting complexes (LHCs). In this study, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana PsbP-like protein 1 (PPL1) is involved in the assembly of the PSII SCs and is required for adaptation to changing light intensity. PPL1 is a homolog of PsbP protein that optimizes the water-oxidizing reaction of PSII in green plants and is required for the efficient repair of photodamaged PSII; however, its exact function has been unknown. PPL1 was enriched in stroma lamellae and grana margins and associated with PSII subcomplexes including PSII monomers and PSII dimers, and several LHCII assemblies, while PPL1 was not detected in PSII-LHCII SCs. In a PPL1 null mutant (ppl1-2), assembly of CP43, PsbR and PsbW was affected, resulting in a reduced accumulation of PSII SCs even under moderate light intensity. This caused the abnormal association of LHCII in ppl1-2, as indicated by lower maximal quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) and accelerated State 1 to State 2 transitions. These differences would lower the capability of plants to adapt to changing light environments, thereby leading to reduced growth under natural fluctuating light environments. Phylogenetic and structural analyses suggest that PPL1 is closely related to its cyanobacterial homolog CyanoP, which functions as an assembly factor in the early stage of PSII biogenesis. Our results suggest that PPL1 has a similar function, but the data also indicate that it could aid the association of LHCII with PSII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Che
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shoko Kusama
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shintaro Matsui
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Marjaana Suorsa
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Takeshi Nakano
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Eva-Mari Aro
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Kentaro Ifuku
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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75
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Assembly of eukaryotic photosystem II with diverse light-harvesting antennas. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2020; 63:49-57. [PMID: 32389895 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) catalyzes the light-driven oxygen-evolving reaction via its catalytic core and peripheral light-harvesting antennas. Oxyphototrophs have evolved diverse antenna systems, enabling them to adapt to different habitats. Recently, high-resolution structures of PSII-antenna supercomplexes from the green lineage (higher plants and green algae) and the red lineage (diatoms) were solved. The antenna complexes from the two lineages share similar protein folding, but differ in terms of the oligomeric states, pigment composition, and assembly patterns with the core. These differences result in distinct pigment-protein networks in PSII from different organisms. We herein summarize the similarities and differences in these structures and outline the molecular basis of the assembly, energy transfer, and regulation of the eukaryotic PSII-antenna supercomplexes.
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76
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Liguori N, Croce R, Marrink SJ, Thallmair S. Molecular dynamics simulations in photosynthesis. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 144:273-295. [PMID: 32297102 PMCID: PMC7203591 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00741-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is regulated by a dynamic interplay between proteins, enzymes, pigments, lipids, and cofactors that takes place on a large spatio-temporal scale. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide a powerful toolkit to investigate dynamical processes in (bio)molecular ensembles from the (sub)picosecond to the (sub)millisecond regime and from the Å to hundreds of nm length scale. Therefore, MD is well suited to address a variety of questions arising in the field of photosynthesis research. In this review, we provide an introduction to the basic concepts of MD simulations, at atomistic and coarse-grained level of resolution. Furthermore, we discuss applications of MD simulations to model photosynthetic systems of different sizes and complexity and their connection to experimental observables. Finally, we provide a brief glance on which methods provide opportunities to capture phenomena beyond the applicability of classical MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Liguori
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Roberta Croce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Siewert J Marrink
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Thallmair
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute & Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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77
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Calvaruso C, Rokka A, Aro EM, Büchel C. Specific Lhc Proteins Are Bound to PSI or PSII Supercomplexes in the Diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 183:67-79. [PMID: 32198308 PMCID: PMC7210636 DOI: 10.1104/pp.20.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite the ecological relevance of diatoms, many aspects of their photosynthetic machinery remain poorly understood. Diatoms differ from the green lineage of oxygenic organisms by their photosynthetic pigments and light-harvesting complex (Lhc) proteins, the latter of which are also called fucoxanthin-chlorophyll proteins (FCP). These are composed of three groups of proteins: Lhcf as the main group, Lhcr that are PSI associated, and Lhcx that are involved in photoprotection. The FCP complexes are assembled in trimers and higher oligomers. Several studies have investigated the biochemical properties of purified FCP complexes, but limited knowledge is available about their interaction with the photosystem cores. In this study, isolation of stable supercomplexes from the centric diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana was achieved. To preserve in vivo structure, the separation of thylakoid complexes was performed by native PAGE and sucrose density centrifugation. Different subpopulations of PSI and PSII supercomplexes were isolated and their subunits identified. Analysis of Lhc antenna composition identified Lhc(s) specific for either PSI (Lhcr 1, 3, 4, 7, 10-14, and Lhcf10) or PSII (Lhcf 1-7, 11, and Lhcr2). Lhcx6_1 was reproducibly found in PSII supercomplexes, whereas its association with PSI was unclear. No evidence was found for the interaction between photosystems and higher oligomeric FCPs, comprising Lhcf8 as the main component. Although the subunit composition of the PSII supercomplexes in comparison with that of the trimeric FCP complexes indicated a close mutual association, the higher oligomeric pool is only weakly associated with the photosystems, albeit its abundance in the thylakoid membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Calvaruso
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University of Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anne Rokka
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Eva-Mari Aro
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Claudia Büchel
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University of Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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78
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Wietrzynski W, Schaffer M, Tegunov D, Albert S, Kanazawa A, Plitzko JM, Baumeister W, Engel BD. Charting the native architecture of Chlamydomonas thylakoid membranes with single-molecule precision. eLife 2020; 9:53740. [PMID: 32297859 PMCID: PMC7164959 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Thylakoid membranes scaffold an assortment of large protein complexes that work together to harness the energy of light. It has been a longstanding challenge to visualize how the intricate thylakoid network organizes these protein complexes to finely tune the photosynthetic reactions. Previously, we used in situ cryo-electron tomography to reveal the native architecture of thylakoid membranes (Engel et al., 2015). Here, we leverage technical advances to resolve the individual protein complexes within these membranes. Combined with a new method to visualize membrane surface topology, we map the molecular landscapes of thylakoid membranes inside green algae cells. Our tomograms provide insights into the molecular forces that drive thylakoid stacking and reveal that photosystems I and II are strictly segregated at the borders between appressed and non-appressed membrane domains. This new approach to charting thylakoid topology lays the foundation for dissecting photosynthetic regulation at the level of single protein complexes within the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Wietrzynski
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Miroslava Schaffer
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Dimitry Tegunov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sahradha Albert
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Atsuko Kanazawa
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, United States
| | - Jürgen M Plitzko
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumeister
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Benjamin D Engel
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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79
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Bielczynski LW, Schansker G, Croce R. Consequences of the reduction of the Photosystem II antenna size on the light acclimation capacity of Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:866-879. [PMID: 31834625 PMCID: PMC7154682 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In several systems, from plant's canopy to algal bioreactors, the decrease of the antenna size has been proposed as a strategy to increase the photosynthetic efficiency. However, still little is known about possible secondary effects of such modifications. This is particularly relevant because the modulation of the antenna size is one of the most important light acclimation responses in photosynthetic organisms. In our study, we used an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant (dLhcb2), which has a 60% decrease of Lhcb1 and Lhcb2, the two main components of the major Photosystem II antenna complex. We show that the mutant maintains the photosynthetic and photoprotective capacity of the Wild Type (WT) and adapts to different light conditions by remodelling its photosynthetic apparatus, but the regulatory mechanism differs from that of the WT. Surprisingly, it does not compensate for the decreased light-harvesting capacity by increasing other pigment-protein complexes. Instead, it lowers the ratio of the cytochrome b6 f and ATP synthase to the photosystems, regulating linear electron flow and maintaining the photosynthetic control at the level of these complexes as in the WT. We show that targeting the reduction of two specific antenna proteins, Lhcb1 and Lhcb2, represents a viable solution to obtain plants with a truncated antenna size, which still maintain the capacity to acclimate to different light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwik W. Bielczynski
- Biophysics of Photosynthesis/Energy, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics and AstronomyVU University AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Gert Schansker
- Biophysics of Photosynthesis/Energy, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics and AstronomyVU University AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Roberta Croce
- Biophysics of Photosynthesis/Energy, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics and AstronomyVU University AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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80
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Crepin A, Kučerová Z, Kosta A, Durand E, Caffarri S. Isolation and characterization of a large photosystem I-light-harvesting complex II supercomplex with an additional Lhca1-a4 dimer in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:398-409. [PMID: 31811681 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The biological conversion of light energy into chemical energy is performed by a flexible photosynthetic machinery located in the thylakoid membranes. Photosystems I and II (PSI and PSII) are the two complexes able to harvest light. PSI is the last complex of the electron transport chain and is composed of multiple subunits: the proteins building the catalytic core complex that are well conserved between oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, and, in green organisms, the membrane light-harvesting complexes (Lhc) necessary to increase light absorption. In plants, four Lhca proteins (Lhca1-4) make up the antenna system of PSI, which can be further extended to optimize photosynthesis by reversible binding of LHCII, the main antenna complex of photosystem II. Here, we used biochemistry and electron microscopy in Arabidopsis to reveal a previously unknown supercomplex of PSI with LHCII that contains an additional Lhca1-a4 dimer bound on the PsaB-PsaI-PsaH side of the complex. This finding contradicts recent structural studies suggesting that the presence of an Lhca dimer at this position is an exclusive feature of algal PSI. We discuss the features of the additional Lhca dimer in the large plant PSI-LHCII supercomplex and the differences with the algal PSI. Our work provides further insights into the intricate structural plasticity of photosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Crepin
- Aix Marseille Université, CEA, CNRS, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), Equipe de Luminy de Génétique et Biophysique des Plantes, 13009, Marseille, France
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Kučerová
- Aix Marseille Université, CEA, CNRS, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), Equipe de Luminy de Génétique et Biophysique des Plantes, 13009, Marseille, France
- Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Artemis Kosta
- Microscopy Core Facility, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée (IMM), FR3479, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Durand
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée (IMM), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Macromoléculaires (LISM), UMR 7255, 13402, Marseille cedex 09, France
| | - Stefano Caffarri
- Aix Marseille Université, CEA, CNRS, Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), Equipe de Luminy de Génétique et Biophysique des Plantes, 13009, Marseille, France
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81
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Dall'Osto L, Cazzaniga S, Zappone D, Bassi R. Monomeric light harvesting complexes enhance excitation energy transfer from LHCII to PSII and control their lateral spacing in thylakoids. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148035. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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82
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How paired PSII-LHCII supercomplexes mediate the stacking of plant thylakoid membranes unveiled by structural mass-spectrometry. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1361. [PMID: 32170184 PMCID: PMC7069969 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Grana are a characteristic feature of higher plants’ thylakoid membranes, consisting of stacks of appressed membranes enriched in Photosystem II (PSII) and associated light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) proteins, together forming the PSII-LHCII supercomplex. Grana stacks undergo light-dependent structural changes, mainly by reorganizing the supramolecular structure of PSII-LHCII supercomplexes. LHCII is vital for grana formation, in which also PSII-LHCII supercomplexes are involved. By combining top-down and crosslinking mass spectrometry we uncover the spatial organization of paired PSII-LHCII supercomplexes within thylakoid membranes. The resulting model highlights a basic molecular mechanism whereby plants maintain grana stacking at changing light conditions. This mechanism relies on interactions between stroma-exposed N-terminal loops of LHCII trimers and Lhcb4 subunits facing each other in adjacent membranes. The combination of light-dependent LHCII N-terminal trimming and extensive N-terminal α-acetylation likely affects interactions between pairs of PSII-LHCII supercomplexes across the stromal gap, ultimately mediating membrane folding in grana stacks. The supramolecular organization of PSII-LHCII supercomplexes determines the plant thylakoid structure. Here, via structural mass spectrometry, Albanese et al. show how stroma-exposed N-termini of LHCII subunits, interacting with each other in adjacent membranes, can mediate membrane folding in grana stacks.
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83
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Guardini Z, Bressan M, Caferri R, Bassi R, Dall'Osto L. Identification of a pigment cluster catalysing fast photoprotective quenching response in CP29. NATURE PLANTS 2020; 6:303-313. [PMID: 32170280 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-0612-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-photochemical quenching is the photoprotective heat dissipation of chlorophyll-excited states. In higher plants, two quenching sites are located in trimeric LHCII and monomeric CP29 proteins. Catalysis of dissipative reactions requires interactions between chromophores, either carotenoid, chlorophyll or both. We identified CP29 protein domains involved in quenching by complementing an Arabidopsis deletion mutant with sequences deleted in pigment-binding or pH-sensitive sites. Acidic residues exposed to the thylakoid lumen were found not essential for activation of thermal dissipation in vivo. Chlorophylls a603 (a5) and a616 were identified as components of the catalytic pigment cluster responsible for quenching reaction(s), in addition to xanthophyll L2 and chlorophyll a609 (b5). We suggest that a conformational change induced by acidification in PsbS is transduced to CP29, thus bringing chlorophylls a603, a609 and a616 into close contact and activating a dissipative channel. Consistently, mutations on putative protonatable residues, exposed to the thylakoid lumen and previously suggested to regulate xanthophyll exchange at binding site L2, did not affect quenching efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeno Guardini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mauro Bressan
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Caferri
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberto Bassi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Dall'Osto
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy.
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84
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McKenzie SD, Ibrahim IM, Aryal UK, Puthiyaveetil S. Stoichiometry of protein complexes in plant photosynthetic membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.148141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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85
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Cazzaniga S, Kim M, Bellamoli F, Jeong J, Lee S, Perozeni F, Pompa A, Jin E, Ballottari M. Photosystem II antenna complexes CP26 and CP29 are essential for nonphotochemical quenching in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:496-509. [PMID: 31724187 PMCID: PMC7004014 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Photosystems must balance between light harvesting to fuel the photosynthetic process for CO2 fixation and mitigating the risk of photodamage due to absorption of light energy in excess. Eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms evolved an array of pigment-binding proteins called light harvesting complexes constituting the external antenna system in the photosystems, where both light harvesting and activation of photoprotective mechanisms occur. In this work, the balancing role of CP29 and CP26 photosystem II antenna subunits was investigated in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using CRISPR-Cas9 technology to obtain single and double mutants depleted of monomeric antennas. Absence of CP26 and CP29 impaired both photosynthetic efficiency and photoprotection: Excitation energy transfer from external antenna to reaction centre was reduced, and state transitions were completely impaired. Moreover, differently from higher plants, photosystem II monomeric antenna proteins resulted to be essential for photoprotective thermal dissipation of excitation energy by nonphotochemical quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minjae Kim
- Department of Life ScienceHanyang UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | | | - Jooyoen Jeong
- Department of Life ScienceHanyang UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Sangmuk Lee
- Department of Life ScienceHanyang UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | | | - Andrea Pompa
- Dipartimento di Scienze BiomolecolariUniversità degli Studi di UrbinoUrbinoItaly
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BiorisorseConsiglio Nazionale delle RicerchePerugiaItaly
| | - EonSeon Jin
- Department of Life ScienceHanyang UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
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86
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Gacek DA, Holleboom CP, Liao PN, Negretti M, Croce R, Walla PJ. Carotenoid dark state to chlorophyll energy transfer in isolated light-harvesting complexes CP24 and CP29. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 143:19-30. [PMID: 31659623 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00676-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present a comparison of the energy transfer between carotenoid dark states and chlorophylls for the minor complexes CP24 and CP29. To elucidate the potential involvement of certain carotenoid-chlorophyll coupling sites in fluorescence quenching of distinct complexes, varying carotenoid compositions and mutants lacking chlorophylls at specific binding sites were examined. Energy transfers between carotenoid dark states and chlorophylls were compared using the coupling parameter, [Formula: see text], which is calculated from the chlorophyll fluorescence observed after preferential carotenoid two-photon excitation. In CP24, artificial reconstitution with zeaxanthin leads to a significant reduction in the chlorophyll fluorescence quantum yield, [Formula: see text], and a considerable increase in [Formula: see text]. Similar effects of zeaxanthin were also observed in certain samples of CP29. In CP29, also the replacement of violaxanthin by the sole presence of lutein results in a significant quenching and increased [Formula: see text]. In contrast, the replacement of violaxanthin by lutein in CP24 is not significantly increasing [Formula: see text]. In general, these findings provide evidence that modification of the electronic coupling between carotenoid dark states and chlorophylls by changing carotenoids at distinct sites can significantly influence the quenching of these minor proteins, particularly when zeaxanthin or lutein is used. The absence of Chl612 in CP24 and of Chl612 or Chl603 in CP29 has a considerably smaller effect on [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] than the influence of some carotenoids reported above. However, in CP29 our results indicate slightly dequenching and decreased [Formula: see text] when these chlorophylls are absent. This might indicate that both, Chl612 and Chl603 are involved in carotenoid-dependent quenching in isolated CP29.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Gacek
- Department for Biophysical Chemistry, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstr. 17, 38106, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Christoph-Peter Holleboom
- Department for Biophysical Chemistry, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstr. 17, 38106, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Pen-Nan Liao
- Department for Biophysical Chemistry, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstr. 17, 38106, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Marco Negretti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLab Amsterdam, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roberta Croce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLab Amsterdam, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Jomo Walla
- Department for Biophysical Chemistry, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstr. 17, 38106, Brunswick, Germany.
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87
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Macroorganisation and flexibility of thylakoid membranes. Biochem J 2019; 476:2981-3018. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The light reactions of photosynthesis are hosted and regulated by the chloroplast thylakoid membrane (TM) — the central structural component of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants and algae. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional arrangement of the lipid–protein assemblies, aka macroorganisation, and its dynamic responses to the fluctuating physiological environment, aka flexibility, are the subject of this review. An emphasis is given on the information obtainable by spectroscopic approaches, especially circular dichroism (CD). We briefly summarise the current knowledge of the composition and three-dimensional architecture of the granal TMs in plants and the supramolecular organisation of Photosystem II and light-harvesting complex II therein. We next acquaint the non-specialist reader with the fundamentals of CD spectroscopy, recent advances such as anisotropic CD, and applications for studying the structure and macroorganisation of photosynthetic complexes and membranes. Special attention is given to the structural and functional flexibility of light-harvesting complex II in vitro as revealed by CD and fluorescence spectroscopy. We give an account of the dynamic changes in membrane macroorganisation associated with the light-adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus and the regulation of the excitation energy flow by state transitions and non-photochemical quenching.
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88
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Structure of a C 2S 2M 2N 2-type PSII-LHCII supercomplex from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:21246-21255. [PMID: 31570614 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1912462116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) in the thylakoid membranes of plants, algae, and cyanobacteria catalyzes light-induced oxidation of water by which light energy is converted to chemical energy and molecular oxygen is produced. In higher plants and most eukaryotic algae, the PSII core is surrounded by variable numbers of light-harvesting antenna complex II (LHCII), forming a PSII-LHCII supercomplex. In order to harvest energy efficiently at low-light-intensity conditions under water, a complete PSII-LHCII supercomplex (C2S2M2N2) of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Cr) contains more antenna subunits and pigments than the dominant PSII-LHCII supercomplex (C2S2M2) of plants. The detailed structure and energy transfer pathway of the Cr-PSII-LHCII remain unknown. Here we report a cryoelectron microscopy structure of a complete, C2S2M2N2-type PSII-LHCII supercomplex from C. reinhardtii at 3.37-Å resolution. The results show that the Cr-C2S2M2N2 supercomplex is organized as a dimer, with 3 LHCII trimers, 1 CP26, and 1 CP29 peripheral antenna subunits surrounding each PSII core. The N-LHCII trimer partially occupies the position of CP24, which is present in the higher-plant PSII-LHCII but absent in the green alga. The M trimer is rotated relative to the corresponding M trimer in plant PSII-LHCII. In addition, some unique features were found in the green algal PSII core. The arrangement of a huge number of pigments allowed us to deduce possible energy transfer pathways from the peripheral antennae to the PSII core.
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89
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Friedland N, Negi S, Vinogradova-Shah T, Wu G, Ma L, Flynn S, Kumssa T, Lee CH, Sayre RT. Fine-tuning the photosynthetic light harvesting apparatus for improved photosynthetic efficiency and biomass yield. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13028. [PMID: 31506512 PMCID: PMC6736957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49545-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic electron transport rates in higher plants and green algae are light-saturated at approximately one quarter of full sunlight intensity. This is due to the large optical cross section of plant light harvesting antenna complexes which capture photons at a rate nearly 10-fold faster than the rate-limiting step in electron transport. As a result, 75% of the light captured at full sunlight intensities is reradiated as heat or fluorescence. Previously, it has been demonstrated that reductions in the optical cross-section of the light-harvesting antenna can lead to substantial improvements in algal photosynthetic rates and biomass yield. By surveying a range of light harvesting antenna sizes achieved by reduction in chlorophyll b levels, we have determined that there is an optimal light-harvesting antenna size that results in the greatest whole plant photosynthetic performance. We also uncover a sharp transition point where further reductions or increases in antenna size reduce photosynthetic efficiency, tolerance to light stress, and impact thylakoid membrane architecture. Plants with optimized antenna sizes are shown to perform well not only in controlled greenhouse conditions, but also in the field achieving a 40% increase in biomass yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Friedland
- New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, 87544, USA
| | - S Negi
- New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, 87544, USA
| | - T Vinogradova-Shah
- New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, 87544, USA.,Pebble Labs, 100 Entrada Drive, Los Alamos, NM, 87544, USA
| | - G Wu
- New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, 87544, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - L Ma
- New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, 87544, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - S Flynn
- New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, 87544, USA
| | - T Kumssa
- University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - C-H Lee
- New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, 87544, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - R T Sayre
- New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM, 87544, USA. .,Pebble Labs, 100 Entrada Drive, Los Alamos, NM, 87544, USA.
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90
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On the interface of light-harvesting antenna complexes and reaction centers in oxygenic photosynthesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1860:148079. [PMID: 31518567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.148079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes (PPCs) accomplish light-energy capture and photochemistry in natural photosynthesis. In this review, we examine three pigment protein complexes in oxygenic photosynthesis: light-harvesting antenna complexes and two reaction centers: Photosystem II (PSII), and Photosystem I (PSI). Recent technological developments promise unprecedented insights into how these multi-component protein complexes are assembled into higher order structures and thereby execute their function. Furthermore, the interfacial domain between light-harvesting antenna complexes and PSII, especially the potential roles of the structural loops from CP29 and the PB-loop of ApcE in higher plant and cyanobacteria, respectively, are discussed. It is emphasized that the structural nuances are required for the structural dynamics and consequently for functional regulation in response to an ever-changing and challenging environment.
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91
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Büchel
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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92
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Yeates AM, Zubko MK, Ruban AV. Absence of photosynthetic state transitions in alien chloroplasts. PLANTA 2019; 250:589-601. [PMID: 31134341 PMCID: PMC6602992 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03187-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The absence of state transitions in a Nt(Hn) cybrid is due to a cleavage of the threonine residue from the misprocessed N-terminus of the LHCII polypeptides. The cooperation between the nucleus and chloroplast genomes is essential for plant photosynthetic fitness. The rapid and specific interactions between nucleus-encoded and chloroplast-encoded proteins are under intense investigation with potential for applications in agriculture and renewable energy technology. Here, we present a novel model for photosynthesis research in which alien henbane (Hyoscyamus niger) chloroplasts function on the nuclear background of a tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). The result of this coupling is a cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) with inhibited state transitions-a mechanism responsible for balancing energy absorption between photosystems. Protein analysis showed differences in the LHCII composition of the cybrid plants. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed a novel banding pattern in the cybrids with at least one additional 'LHCII' band compared to the wild-type parental species. Proteomic work suggested that the N-terminus of at least some of the cybrid Lhcb proteins was missing. These findings provide a mechanistic explanation for the lack of state transitions-the N-terminal truncation of the Lhcb proteins in the cybrid included the threonine residue that is phosphorylated/dephosphorylated in order to trigger state transitions and therefore crucial energy balancing mechanism in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Yeates
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
- Mikrobiologický Institute, Novohradská 237 - Opatovický Mlýn, 37901, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Mikhajlo K Zubko
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Chester St, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Alexander V Ruban
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
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93
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Oberprieler C, Talianova M, Griesenbeck J. Effects of polyploidy on the coordination of gene expression between organellar and nuclear genomes in Leucanthemum Mill. (Compositae, Anthemideae). Ecol Evol 2019; 9:9100-9110. [PMID: 31463007 PMCID: PMC6706232 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome duplications (WGD) through polyploid speciation are associated with disruptions of well-tuned relationships among the three plant cell genomes. Key metabolic processes comprising multi-subunit enzyme complexes, for which partner proteins are both nuclear- and plastid-encoded, are dependent on maintenance of stoichiometric ratios among the subunits to avoid cytonuclear imbalances after WGDs. By using qPCR for gene copy and transcript number quantification, we have studied the relationship of subunit expression in the two gene pairs rbcL/rbcS (the two subunits of RuBisCO) and psbA/psbO (two members of photosystem II) in closely related members of Leucanthemum (Compositae, Anthemideae), comprising a diploid, a tetraploid, and a hexaploid species. While gene copy numbers exhibit the expected pattern of an increase in the nuclear-encoded partner gene relative to the plastid-encoded one, we find that the two partner gene systems behave differently after WGD: While in the psbA/psbO partner gene system, shifts in the gene copy balance caused by polyploidization are not accommodated for through changes in transcription intensities of the two partner genes, the rbcL/rbcS system even shows an unexpected reversed dosage effect with up-regulated transcription intensities on both the nuclear and the plastidal side. We interpret the behavior of the psbA/psbO partner gene system as being due to the stoichiometrically relaxed relationship between the two gene products caused by a fast, damage-provoked combustion of the psbA gene product (the D1 core protein of PSII). Conversely, the finely tuned expression dependencies of the rbcL/rbcS system may be the reason for the observed positive feedback runaway signal as reaction to gene copy imbalances caused by a polyploidization shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Oberprieler
- Evolutionary and Systematic Botany Group, Institute of Plant SciencesUniversity of RegensburgRegensburgGermany
| | - Martina Talianova
- Evolutionary and Systematic Botany Group, Institute of Plant SciencesUniversity of RegensburgRegensburgGermany
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94
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Strašková A, Steinbach G, Konert G, Kotabová E, Komenda J, Tichý M, Kaňa R. Pigment-protein complexes are organized into stable microdomains in cyanobacterial thylakoids. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1860:148053. [PMID: 31344362 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Thylakoids are the place of the light-photosynthetic reactions. To gain maximal efficiency, these reactions are conditional to proper pigment-pigment and protein-protein interactions. In higher plants thylakoids, the interactions lead to a lateral asymmetry in localization of protein complexes (i.e. granal/stromal thylakoids) that have been defined as a domain-like structures characteristic by different biochemical composition and function (Albertsson P-Å. 2001,Trends Plant Science 6: 349-354). We explored this complex organization of thylakoid pigment-proteins at single cell level in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Our 3D confocal images captured heterogeneous distribution of all main photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes (PPCs), Photosystem I (fluorescently tagged by YFP), Photosystem II and Phycobilisomes. The acquired images depicted cyanobacterial thylakoid membrane as a stable, mosaic-like structure formed by microdomains (MDs). These microcompartments are of sub-micrometer in sizes (~0.5-1.5 μm), typical by particular PPCs ratios and importantly without full segregation of observed complexes. The most prevailing MD is represented by MD with high Photosystem I content which allows also partial separation of Photosystems like in higher plants thylakoids. We assume that MDs stability (in minutes) provides optimal conditions for efficient excitation/electron transfer. The cyanobacterial MDs thus define thylakoid membrane organization as a system controlled by co-localization of three main PPCs leading to formation of thylakoid membrane mosaic. This organization might represent evolutional and functional precursor for the granal/stromal spatial heterogeneity in photosystems that is typical for higher plant thylakoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Strašková
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - G Steinbach
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - G Konert
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - E Kotabová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - J Komenda
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - M Tichý
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - R Kaňa
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Novohradská 237, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic.
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95
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Bos P, Oosterwijk A, Koehorst R, Bader A, Philippi J, van Amerongen H, Wientjes E. Digitonin-sensitive LHCII enlarges the antenna of Photosystem I in stroma lamellae of Arabidopsis thaliana after far-red and blue-light treatment. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1860:651-658. [PMID: 31299182 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Light drives photosynthesis. In plants it is absorbed by light-harvesting antenna complexes associated with Photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII). As PSI and PSII work in series, it is important that the excitation pressure on the two photosystems is balanced. When plants are exposed to illumination that overexcites PSII, a special pool of the major light-harvesting complex LHCII is phosphorylated and moves from PSII to PSI (state 2). If instead PSI is over-excited the LHCII complex is dephosphorylated and moves back to PSII (state 1). Recent findings have suggested that LHCII might also transfer energy to PSI in state 1. In this work we used a combination of biochemistry and (time-resolved) fluorescence spectroscopy to investigate the PSI antenna size in state 1 and state 2 for Arabidopsis thaliana. Our data shows that 0.7 ± 0.1 unphosphorylated LHCII trimers per PSI are present in the stroma lamellae of state-1 plants. Upon transition to state 2 the antenna size of PSI in the stroma membrane increases with phosphorylated LHCIIs to a total of 1.2 ± 0.1 LHCII trimers per PSI. Both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated LHCII function as highly efficient PSI antenna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bos
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anniek Oosterwijk
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rob Koehorst
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, the Netherlands; MicroSpectroscopy Research Facility, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arjen Bader
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, the Netherlands; MicroSpectroscopy Research Facility, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - John Philippi
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Herbert van Amerongen
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, the Netherlands; MicroSpectroscopy Research Facility, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emilie Wientjes
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8128, 6700 ET Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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96
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Grebe S, Trotta A, Bajwa AA, Suorsa M, Gollan PJ, Jansson S, Tikkanen M, Aro EM. The unique photosynthetic apparatus of Pinaceae: analysis of photosynthetic complexes in Picea abies. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:3211-3225. [PMID: 30938447 PMCID: PMC6598058 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Pinaceae are the predominant photosynthetic species in boreal forests, but so far no detailed description of the protein components of the photosynthetic apparatus of these gymnosperms has been available. In this study we report a detailed characterization of the thylakoid photosynthetic machinery of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst). We first customized a spruce thylakoid protein database from translated transcript sequences combined with existing protein sequences derived from gene models, which enabled reliable tandem mass spectrometry identification of P. abies thylakoid proteins from two-dimensional large pore blue-native/SDS-PAGE. This allowed a direct comparison of the two-dimensional protein map of thylakoid protein complexes from P. abies with the model angiosperm Arabidopsis thaliana. Although the subunit composition of P. abies core PSI and PSII complexes is largely similar to that of Arabidopsis, there was a high abundance of a smaller PSI subcomplex, closely resembling the assembly intermediate PSI* complex. In addition, the evolutionary distribution of light-harvesting complex (LHC) family members of Pinaceae was compared in silico with other land plants, revealing that P. abies and other Pinaceae (also Gnetaceae and Welwitschiaceae) have lost LHCB4, but retained LHCB8 (formerly called LHCB4.3). The findings reported here show the composition of the photosynthetic apparatus of P. abies and other Pinaceae members to be unique among land plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Grebe
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Andrea Trotta
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Azfar A Bajwa
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marjaana Suorsa
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Peter J Gollan
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Stefan Jansson
- Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikko Tikkanen
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eva-Mari Aro
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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97
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Pan X, Cao P, Su X, Liu Z, Li M. Structural analysis and comparison of light-harvesting complexes I and II. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1861:148038. [PMID: 31229568 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is a fundamental biological process involving the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy. The initial photochemical and photophysical events of photosynthesis are mediated by photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI). Both PSII and PSI are multi-subunit supramolecular machineries composed of a core complex and a peripheral antenna system. The antenna system serves to capture light energy and transfer it to the core efficiently. Both PSII and PSI in the green lineage (plants and green algae) and PSI in red algae have an antenna system comprising a series of chlorophyll- and carotenoid-binding membrane proteins belonging to the light-harvesting complex (LHC) superfamily, including LHCII and LHCI. However, the antenna size and subunit composition vary considerably in the two photosystems from diverse organisms. On the basis of the plant and algal LHCII and LHCI structures that have been solved by X-ray crystallography and single-particle cryo-electron microscopy we review the detailed structural features and characteristic pigment properties of these LHCs in PSII and PSI. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Light harvesting, edited by Dr. Roberta Croce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Pan
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Peng Cao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Su
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Zhenfeng Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Mei Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.
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98
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Watanabe A, Kim E, Burton‐Smith RN, Tokutsu R, Minagawa J. Amphipol‐assisted purification method for the highly active and stable photosystem
II
supercomplex of
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:1072-1079. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akimasa Watanabe
- Division of Environmental Photobiology National Institute for Basic Biology Okazaki Japan
- Department of Basic Biology School of Life Science SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) Okazaki Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Japan Science and Technology Agency Saitama Japan
| | - Eunchul Kim
- Division of Environmental Photobiology National Institute for Basic Biology Okazaki Japan
| | - Raymond N. Burton‐Smith
- Division of Environmental Photobiology National Institute for Basic Biology Okazaki Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Japan Science and Technology Agency Saitama Japan
| | - Ryutaro Tokutsu
- Division of Environmental Photobiology National Institute for Basic Biology Okazaki Japan
- Department of Basic Biology School of Life Science SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) Okazaki Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Japan Science and Technology Agency Saitama Japan
| | - Jun Minagawa
- Division of Environmental Photobiology National Institute for Basic Biology Okazaki Japan
- Department of Basic Biology School of Life Science SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies) Okazaki Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Japan Science and Technology Agency Saitama Japan
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99
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Yokono M, Takabayashi A, Kishimoto J, Fujita T, Iwai M, Murakami A, Akimoto S, Tanaka A. The PSI-PSII Megacomplex in Green Plants. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:1098-1108. [PMID: 30753722 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Energy dissipation is crucial for land and shallow-water plants exposed to direct sunlight. Almost all green plants dissipate excess excitation energy to protect the photosystem reaction centers, photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), and continue to grow under strong light. In our previous work, we reported that about half of the photosystem reaction centers form a PSI-PSII megacomplex in Arabidopsis thaliana, and that the excess energy was transferred from PSII to PSI fast. However, the physiological function and structure of the megacomplex remained unclear. Here, we suggest that high-light adaptable sun-plants accumulate the PSI-PSII megacomplex more than shade-plants. In addition, PSI of sun-plants has a deep trap to receive excitation energy, which is low-energy chlorophylls showing fluorescence maxima longer than 730 nm. This deep trap may increase the high-light tolerance of PSI by improving excitation energy dissipation. Electron micrographs suggest that one PSII dimer is directly sandwiched between two PSIs with 2-fold rotational symmetry in the basic form of the PSI-PSII megacomplex in green plants. This structure should enable fast energy transfer from PSII to PSI and allow energy in PSII to be dissipated via the deep trap in PSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makio Yokono
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- CREST, JST, Sapporo, Japan
- Nippon Flour Mills Co., Ltd., Innovation Center, Atsugi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takabayashi
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- CREST, JST, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junko Kishimoto
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- CREST, JST, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomomichi Fujita
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Iwai
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Akio Murakami
- Kobe University Research Centre for Inland Seas, Awaji, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Seiji Akimoto
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ayumi Tanaka
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- CREST, JST, Sapporo, Japan
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100
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Bennett DIG, Amarnath K, Park S, Steen CJ, Morris JM, Fleming GR. Models and mechanisms of the rapidly reversible regulation of photosynthetic light harvesting. Open Biol 2019; 9:190043. [PMID: 30966997 PMCID: PMC6501642 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid response of photosynthetic organisms to fluctuations in ambient light intensity is incompletely understood at both the molecular and membrane levels. In this review, we describe research from our group over a 10-year period aimed at identifying the photophysical mechanisms used by plants, algae and mosses to control the efficiency of light harvesting by photosystem II on the seconds-to-minutes time scale. To complement the spectroscopic data, we describe three models capable of describing the measured response at a quantitative level. The review attempts to provide an integrated view that has emerged from our work, and briefly looks forward to future experimental and modelling efforts that will refine and expand our understanding of a process that significantly influences crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doran I. G. Bennett
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Kapil Amarnath
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Soomin Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Collin J. Steen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Graham R. Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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