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López-Cano A, Ferrer-Miralles N, Sánchez J, Carratalá JV, Rodriguez XR, Ratera I, Guasch J, Pich OQ, Bierge P, Garcia-de-la-Maria C, Miro JM, Garcia-Fruitós E, Arís A. A Novel Generation of Tailored Antimicrobial Drugs Based on Recombinant Multidomain Proteins. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041068. [PMID: 37111554 PMCID: PMC10146347 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has exponentially increased during the last years. It is necessary to develop new antimicrobial drugs to prevent and treat infectious diseases caused by multidrug- or extensively-drug resistant (MDR/XDR)-bacteria. Host Defense Peptides (HDPs) have a versatile role, acting as antimicrobial peptides and regulators of several innate immunity functions. The results shown by previous studies using synthetic HDPs are only the tip of the iceberg, since the synergistic potential of HDPs and their production as recombinant proteins are fields practically unexplored. The present study aims to move a step forward through the development of a new generation of tailored antimicrobials, using a rational design of recombinant multidomain proteins based on HDPs. This strategy is based on a two-phase process, starting with the construction of the first generation molecules using single HDPs and further selecting those HDPs with higher bactericidal efficiencies to be combined in the second generation of broad-spectrum antimicrobials. As a proof of concept, we have designed three new antimicrobials, named D5L37βD3, D5L37D5L37 and D5LAL37βD3. After an in-depth exploration, we found D5L37D5L37 to be the most promising one, since it was equally effective against four relevant pathogens in healthcare-associated infections, such as methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) and MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa, being MRSA, MRSE and P. aeruginosa MDR strains. The low MIC values and versatile activity against planktonic and biofilm forms reinforce the use of this platform to isolate and produce unlimited HDP combinations as new antimicrobial drugs by effective means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrià López-Cano
- Department of Ruminant Production, Institute of Agriculture and Food Research (IRTA), Caldes de Montbui, 08140 Barcelona, Spain; (A.L.-C.); (E.G.-F.)
| | - Neus Ferrer-Miralles
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (N.F.-M.); (J.S.); (J.V.C.)
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (X.R.R.); (I.R.); (J.G.)
| | - Julieta Sánchez
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (N.F.-M.); (J.S.); (J.V.C.)
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Vicente Carratalá
- Institute for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (N.F.-M.); (J.S.); (J.V.C.)
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Rodriguez Rodriguez
- Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (X.R.R.); (I.R.); (J.G.)
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imma Ratera
- Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (X.R.R.); (I.R.); (J.G.)
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Guasch
- Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (X.R.R.); (I.R.); (J.G.)
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Dynamic Biomimetics for Cancer Immunotherapy, Max Planck Partner Group, Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Q. Pich
- Laboratori de Recerca en Microbiologia i Malalties Infeccioses, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (O.Q.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Paula Bierge
- Laboratori de Recerca en Microbiologia i Malalties Infeccioses, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08208 Sabadell, Spain; (O.Q.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Cristina Garcia-de-la-Maria
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (C.G.-d.-l.-M.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Jose M. Miro
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (C.G.-d.-l.-M.); (J.M.M.)
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Garcia-Fruitós
- Department of Ruminant Production, Institute of Agriculture and Food Research (IRTA), Caldes de Montbui, 08140 Barcelona, Spain; (A.L.-C.); (E.G.-F.)
| | - Anna Arís
- Department of Ruminant Production, Institute of Agriculture and Food Research (IRTA), Caldes de Montbui, 08140 Barcelona, Spain; (A.L.-C.); (E.G.-F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-467-40-40
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Javed A, Slingerland CJ, Wood TM, Martin NI, Broere F, Weingarth MH, Veldhuizen EJA. Chimeric Peptidomimetic Antibiotic Efficiently Neutralizes Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and Bacteria-Induced Activation of RAW Macrophages. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:518-526. [PMID: 36790385 PMCID: PMC10012172 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Peptide antibiotics have gathered attention given the urgent need to discover antimicrobials with new mechanisms of action. Their extended role as immunomodulators makes them interesting candidates for the development of compounds with dual mode of action. The objective of this study was to test the anti-inflammatory capacity of a recently reported chimeric peptidomimetic antibiotic (CPA) composed of polymyxin B nonapeptide (PMBN) and a macrocyclic β-hairpin motif (MHM). We investigated the potential of CPA to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced activation of RAW264.7 macrophages. In addition, we elucidated which structural motif was responsible for this activity by testing CPA, its building blocks, and their parent compounds separately. CPA showed excellent LPS neutralizing activity for both smooth and rough LPSs. At nanomolar concentrations, CPA completely inhibited LPS-induced nitric oxide, TNF-α, and IL-10 secretion. Murepavadin, MHM, and PMBN were incapable of neutralizing LPS in this assay, while PMB was less active compared to CPA. Isothermal titration calorimetry showed strong binding between the CPA and LPS with similar binding characteristics also found for the other compounds, indicating that binding does not necessarily correlate with neutralization of LPS. Finally, we showed that CPA-killed bacteria caused significantly less macrophage activation than bacteria killed with gentamicin, heat, or any of the other compounds. This indicates that the combined killing activity and LPS neutralization of CPA can prevent unwanted inflammation, which could be a major advantage over conventional antibiotics. Our data suggests that immunomodulatory activity can further strengthen the therapeutic potential of peptide antibiotics and should be included in the characterization of novel compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Javed
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Section Immunology, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands.,NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J Slingerland
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas M Wood
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nathaniel I Martin
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Broere
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Section Immunology, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Markus H Weingarth
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin J A Veldhuizen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Section Immunology, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Yao Y, Zhang W, Li S, Xie H, Zhang Z, Jia B, Huang S, Li W, Ma L, Gao Y, Song J, Wang R. Development of Neuropeptide Hemokinin-1 Analogues with Antimicrobial and Wound-Healing Activity. J Med Chem 2023; 66:6617-6630. [PMID: 36893465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c02021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process that can be delayed in some pathological conditions, such as infection and diabetes. Following skin injury, the neuropeptide substance P (SP) is released from peripheral neurons to promote wound healing by multiple mechanisms. Human hemokinin-1 (hHK-1) has been identified as an SP-like tachykinin peptide. Surprisingly, hHK-1 shares similar structural features with antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), but it does not display efficient antimicrobial activity. Therefore, a series of hHK-1 analogues were designed and synthesized. Among these analogues, AH-4 was found to display the greatest antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of bacteria. Furthermore, AH-4 rapidly killed bacteria by membrane disruption, similar to most AMPs. More importantly, AH-4 showed favorable healing activity in all tested mouse full-thickness excisional wound models. Overall, this study suggests that the neuropeptide hHK-1 can be used as a desirable template for developing promising therapeutics with multiple functions for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Sisi Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Huan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Zhengzheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Bo Jia
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Sujie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Yuxuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jingjing Song
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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54
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Alves D, Grainha T, Pereira MO, Lopes SP. Antimicrobial materials for endotracheal tubes: A review on the last two decades of technological progress. Acta Biomater 2023; 158:32-55. [PMID: 36632877 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an unresolved problem in nosocomial settings, remaining consistently associated with a lack of treatment, high mortality, and prolonged hospital stay. The endotracheal tube (ETT) is the major culprit for VAP development owing to its early surface microbial colonization and biofilm formation by multiple pathogens, both critical events for VAP pathogenesis and relapses. To combat this matter, gradual research on antimicrobial ETT surface coating/modification approaches has been made. This review provides an overview of the relevance and implications of the ETT bioburden for VAP pathogenesis and how technological research on antimicrobial materials for ETTs has evolved. Firstly, certain main VAP attributes (definition/categorization; outcomes; economic impact) were outlined, highlighting the issues in defining/diagnosing VAP that often difficult VAP early- and late-onset differentiation, and that generate misinterpretations in VAP surveillance and discrepant outcomes. The central role of the ETT microbial colonization and subsequent biofilm formation as fundamental contributors to VAP pathogenesis was then underscored, in parallel with the uncovering of the polymicrobial ecosystem of VAP-related infections. Secondly, the latest technological developments (reported since 2002) on materials able to endow the ETT surface with active antimicrobial and/or passive antifouling properties were annotated, being further subject to critical scrutiny concerning their potentialities and/or constraints in reducing ETT bioburden and the risk of VAP while retaining/improving the safety of use. Taking those gaps/challenges into consideration, we discussed potential avenues that may assist upcoming advances in the field to tackle VAP rampant rates and improve patient care. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The use of the endotracheal tube (ETT) in patients requiring mechanical ventilation is associated with the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Its rapid surface colonization and biofilm formation are critical events for VAP pathogenesis and relapses. This review provides a comprehensive overview on the relevance/implications of the ETT biofilm in VAP, and on how research on antimicrobial ETT surface coating/modification technology has evolved over the last two decades. Despite significant technological advances, the limited number of gathered reports (46), highlights difficulty in overcoming certain hurdles associated with VAP (e.g., persistent colonization/biofilm formation; mechanical ventilation duration; hospital length of stay; VAP occurrence), which makes this an evolving, complex, and challenging matter. Challenges and opportunities in the field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Alves
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Tânia Grainha
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Maria Olívia Pereira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Susana Patrícia Lopes
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
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55
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Huang W, Xiao X, Hu W, Tang T, Bai J, Zhao S, Ao Z, Wei Z, Gao W, Zhang W. Effects of dietary nucleotide and yeast cell wall on growth performance, feed utilization, anti-oxidative and immune response of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 134:108574. [PMID: 36731810 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A 70-day feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of dietary nucleotide, yeast cell wall (containing 20% β -glucan) and their combination on growth performance, feed utilization and immune response of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) with 69.97 ± 0.05 g of initial body weight. Four isonitrogenous (about 38% crude protein) and isolipidic (about 5% crude lipid) diets were established. Based on the control diet (CD), the other three experimental diets were prepared by adding 0.01% of nucleotide (NT), 0.1% of yeast cell wall (YCW) and NT (0.01%) +YCW (0.1%), respectively. Results showed that no significant difference was found in survival of grass carp ranging from 94.44% to 97.78% among all the groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, weight gain rate, muscle crude protein content, serum protein, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in midgut, lysozyme and immunoglobulin M in serum significantly increased in fish fed the YCW diet (P < 0.05). The significantly highest weight gain rate, villus height and digestive enzyme activities in midgut and innate immune parameters in serum were found in fish fed the NT + YCW diet (P < 0.05). The gene expressions of β-defensin, hepcidin, il-10 and tgf-β1 in the midgut, and tor and s6k1 in liver significantly increased in fish fed the NT + YCW diet. Meanwhile, the gene expressions of il-1β and tnf-α in the midgut decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The liver histology showed the better development in dietary NT and/or YCW supplemented groups than those in the control group. In conclusion, combination of dietary NT and YCW had significantly synergetic improvements on the growth, feed utilization, digestive enzymes, innate immunity and histology of midgut and liver of grass carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434024, China
| | - Xucheng Xiao
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition & Health, DSM Vitamins (Shanghai) Limited, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434024, China
| | - Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 36 Lushan Road, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jinhai Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 36 Lushan Road, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Shengnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 36 Lushan Road, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Zhipeng Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 36 Lushan Road, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Zehong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 36 Lushan Road, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Weihua Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434024, China.
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434024, China; The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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56
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Shen P, Ding K, Wang L, Tian J, Huang X, Zhang M, Dang X. In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of antimicrobial peptide Jelleine-I against foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 387:110050. [PMID: 36508953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.110050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As a human foodborne pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes can cause severe human listeriosis and develop resistance to antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are produced from all kingdoms of life and regarded as promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Jelleine-I is an AMP identified from honeybees royal jelly. In this study, we explored the activity and action mechanism of Jelleine-I against L. monocytogenes. We found its minimum inhibitory concentration to be 12.5 μg/mL. Membrane permeability analysis revealed that Jelleine-I increased L. monocytogenes cell membrane permeability, causing calcium leakage. Scanning, transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy revealed that Jelleine-I destroyed membrane integrity, disrupted intracellular structures and interacted with the bacterial DNA. DNA binding analysis demonstrated that Jelleine-I bound to bacterial genomic DNA. Results of reverse transcription-quantitative PCR revealed that Jelleine-I affected bacterial DNA replication gene expression levels. Moreover, Jelleine-I induced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from fluorescence intensity analysis, and inhibited bacterial biofilm formation. Results of immunomodulation in Galleria mellonella revealed that Jelleine-I increased host hemocyte counts, upregulated host AMP gene (Gloverin and Cecropin D) expression, and inhibited proinfammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6) production induced by bacterial infection. It efficiently killed bacteria and increased the survival rate of infected insects to 70 %. Furthermore, Jelleine-I increased the G1 to S phase transition in mammalian cells from cells cycle analysis, and cytotoxicity assay results indicated that it promoted cell proliferation without hemolysis or cytotoxicity. Collectively, Jelleine-I possesses antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and cell proliferative activities, and is a promising candidate for preventing L. monocytogenes emergence and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Shen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Kang Ding
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Lifang Wang
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jinhuan Tian
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Material, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiuhong Huang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Material, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiangli Dang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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57
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Morio KA, Sternowski RH, Brogden KA. Induction of Endogenous Antimicrobial Peptides to Prevent or Treat Oral Infection and Inflammation. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020361. [PMID: 36830272 PMCID: PMC9952314 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are often used to treat oral infections. Unfortunately, excessive antibiotic use can adversely alter oral microbiomes and promote the development of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, which can be difficult to treat. An alternate approach could be to induce the local transcription and expression of endogenous oral antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). To assess the feasibility and benefits of this approach, we conducted literature searches to identify (i) the AMPs expressed in the oral cavity; (ii) the methods used to induce endogenous AMP expression; and (iii) the roles that expressed AMPs may have in regulating oral inflammation, immunity, healing, and pain. Search results identified human neutrophil peptides (HNP), human beta defensins (HBD), and cathelicidin AMP (CAMP) gene product LL-37 as prominent AMPs expressed by oral cells and tissues. HNP, HBD, and LL-37 expression can be induced by micronutrients (trace elements, elements, and vitamins), nutrients, macronutrients (mono-, di-, and polysaccharides, amino acids, pyropeptides, proteins, and fatty acids), proinflammatory agonists, thyroid hormones, and exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, red light, or near infrared radiation (NIR). Localized AMP expression can help reduce infection, inflammation, and pain and help oral tissues heal. The use of a specific inducer depends upon the overall objective. Inducing the expression of AMPs through beneficial foods would be suitable for long-term health protection. Additionally, the specialized metabolites or concentrated extracts that are utilized as dosage forms would maintain the oral and intestinal microbiome composition and control oral and intestinal infections. Inducing AMP expression using irradiation methodologies would be applicable to a specific oral treatment area in addition to controlling local infections while regulating inflammatory and healing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kim A. Brogden
- College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Correspondence:
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Immunity in Sea Turtles: Review of a Host-Pathogen Arms Race Millions of Years in the Running. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040556. [PMID: 36830343 PMCID: PMC9951749 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system of sea turtles is not completely understood. Sea turtles (as reptiles) bridge a unique evolutionary gap, being ectothermic vertebrates like fish and amphibians and amniotes like birds and mammals. Turtles are ectotherms; thus, their immune system is influenced by environmental conditions like temperature and season. We aim to review the turtle immune system and note what studies have investigated sea turtles and the effect of the environment on the immune response. Turtles rely heavily on the nonspecific innate response rather than the specific adaptive response. Turtles' innate immune effectors include antimicrobial peptides, complement, and nonspecific leukocytes. The antiviral defense is understudied in terms of the diversity of pathogen receptors and interferon function. Turtles also mount adaptive responses to pathogens. Lymphoid structures responsible for lymphocyte activation and maturation are either missing in reptiles or function is affected by season. Turtles are a marker of health for their marine environment, and their immune system is commonly dysregulated because of disease or contaminants. Fibropapillomatosis (FP) is a tumorous disease that afflicts sea turtles and is thought to be caused by a virus and an environmental factor. We aim, by exploring the current understanding of the immune system in turtles, to aid the investigation of environmental factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease and provide options for immunotherapy.
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Kayongo A, Robertson NM, Siddharthan T, Ntayi ML, Ndawula JC, Sande OJ, Bagaya BS, Kirenga B, Mayanja-Kizza H, Joloba ML, Forslund SK. Airway microbiome-immune crosstalk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1085551. [PMID: 36741369 PMCID: PMC9890194 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1085551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has significantly contributed to global mortality, with three million deaths reported annually. This impact is expected to increase over the next 40 years, with approximately 5 million people predicted to succumb to COPD-related deaths annually. Immune mechanisms driving disease progression have not been fully elucidated. Airway microbiota have been implicated. However, it is still unclear how changes in the airway microbiome drive persistent immune activation and consequent lung damage. Mechanisms mediating microbiome-immune crosstalk in the airways remain unclear. In this review, we examine how dysbiosis mediates airway inflammation in COPD. We give a detailed account of how airway commensal bacteria interact with the mucosal innate and adaptive immune system to regulate immune responses in healthy or diseased airways. Immune-phenotyping airway microbiota could advance COPD immunotherapeutics and identify key open questions that future research must address to further such translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Kayongo
- Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | | | - Trishul Siddharthan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Moses Levi Ntayi
- Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Josephine Caren Ndawula
- Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Obondo J. Sande
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bernard S. Bagaya
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bruce Kirenga
- Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Harriet Mayanja-Kizza
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Moses L. Joloba
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sofia K. Forslund
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation of Charité - Universitatsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany,Charité-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany,*Correspondence: Sofia K. Forslund,
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Baindara P, Ganguli S, Chakraborty R, Mandal SM. Preventing Respiratory Viral Diseases with Antimicrobial Peptide Master Regulators in the Lung Airway Habitat. Clin Pract 2023; 13:125-147. [PMID: 36648852 PMCID: PMC9844411 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast surface area of the respiratory system acts as an initial site of contact for microbes and foreign particles. The whole respiratory epithelium is covered with a thin layer of the airway and alveolar secretions. Respiratory secretions contain host defense peptides (HDPs), such as defensins and cathelicidins, which are the best-studied antimicrobial components expressed in the respiratory tract. HDPs have an important role in the human body's initial line of defense against pathogenic microbes. Epithelial and immunological cells produce HDPs in the surface fluids of the lungs, which act as endogenous antibiotics in the respiratory tract. The production and action of these antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are critical in the host's defense against respiratory infections. In this study, we have described all the HDPs secreted in the respiratory tract as well as how their expression is regulated during respiratory disorders. We focused on the transcriptional expression and regulation mechanisms of respiratory tract HDPs. Understanding how HDPs are controlled throughout infections might provide an alternative to relying on the host's innate immunity to combat respiratory viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Baindara
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Sriradha Ganguli
- OMICS Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal, P.O. NBU, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Ranadhir Chakraborty
- OMICS Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal, P.O. NBU, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Santi M. Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
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Palamidi I, Paraskeuas VV, Mountzouris KC. Dietary and phytogenic inclusion effects on the broiler chicken cecal ecosystem. FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2022.1094314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary modulation in broilers is crucial for the establishment of beneficial microbiota and, subsequently, the promotion of intestinal health. In this trial, a 2 × 2 factorial design was used with two different specifications with respect to dietary metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) levels (i.e., 95% and 100% of recommendations) and phytogenic levels (0 and 150 mg/kg). Levels of total bacteria, Bacteroides spp., Lactobacillus spp., and Clostridium cluster XIVa attached to the cecal mucosa and in the cecal digesta were lower in broilers fed the 95% ME and CP specification diets, as was the molar ratio of butyric acid. In addition, the relative activity of autoinducers-2 (AI-2) and the expression levels of TLR4 and AvBD6 were increased. Phytogenic supplementation reduced cecal digesta levels of Escherichia coli and Clostridium cluster I levels, and increased Clostridium cluster IV levels. Moreover, the butyric acid molar ratio and the relative activity of AI-2 were increased, whereas the concentration of branched VFAs and the expression of AvBD6 and LEAP2 were reduced by phytogenic administration. Dietary specifications and phytogenic interactions were shown for the cecal-attached microbiota composition, metabolic activity of digesta microbiota, relative expression of autoinducers-2, and relative expression of toll-like signaling molecules and host antimicrobial peptides. In conclusion, it has been shown that ME and CP dietary specifications, combined or not with phytogenics, modulate multilevel gut biomarkers ranging from microbiota composition and metabolic activity to microbial communications and host signaling, inflammation, and defense.
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Rattanadilog Na Phuket T, Charoensapsri W, Amparyup P, Imjongjirak C. Antibacterial activity and immunomodulatory role of a proline-rich antimicrobial peptide SpPR-AMP1 against Vibrio campbellii infection in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 132:108479. [PMID: 36513322 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.108479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) constitute one of the most promising sources of natural molecules used for the design of effective antimicrobial agents alternative to antibiotics. Previously, we have showed that a crab proline-rich AMP designated as SpPR-AMP1 is a potent AMP that exhibited antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Here, we demonstrated the importance of SpPR-AMP1 peptide in treating a virulent acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) Vibrio campbellii VH-639 isolate and eliciting the innate immune response to counter the AHPND infection in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. SpPR-AMP1 exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity against V. campbellii VH-639 at MIC value of 0.195-0.39 μM. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the membrane disruption potential of SpPR-AMP1 against the V. campbellii VH-639 cells. The in vivo effect of SpPR-AMP1 in shrimp L.vannamei was investigated and the results showed that SpPR-AMP1 was capable of modulating the innate immune response by stimulating the expression levels of AMP transcripts in shrimp hemocytes. Moreover, treatments with SpPR-AMP1 could promote the resistance of shrimp against V. campbellii VH-639 infection as demonstrated by a significant increase in shrimp survival rate and decrease in both the bacterial load and the expression levels of bacterial PirA and PirB toxin gene transcripts in the infected shrimp. These results suggest the potential of SpPR-AMP1 peptide with the combined antimicrobial and immunoenhancing capabilities as promising antimicrobial agent to treat V. campbellii VH-639 causing AHPND infection in shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitiya Rattanadilog Na Phuket
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Walaiporn Charoensapsri
- Marine Biotechnology Research Team, Integrative Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Marine Biotechnology, Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Piti Amparyup
- Marine Biotechnology Research Team, Integrative Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Marine Biotechnology, Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Chanprapa Imjongjirak
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Li M, Xin D, Gao J, Yi Q, Yuan J, Bao Y, Gong Y. The protective effect of URP20 on ocular Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli infection in rats. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:517. [PMID: 36585631 PMCID: PMC9801630 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02752-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infectious keratitis, a medical emergency with acute and rapid disease progression may lead to severe visual impairment and even blindness. Herein, an antimicrobial polypeptide from Crassostrea hongkongensis, named URP20, was evaluated for its therapeutic efficacy against keratitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection in rats, respectively. METHODS A needle was used to scratch the surface of the eyeballs of rats and infect them with S. aureus and E.coli to construct a keratitis model. The two models were treated by giving 100 μL 100 μM URP20 drops. Positive drugs for S. aureus and E. coli infection were cefazolin eye drops and tobramycin eye drops, respectively. For the curative effect, the formation of blood vessels in the fundus was observed by a slit lamp (the third day). At the end of the experiment, the condition of the injured eye was photographed by cobalt blue light using 5 μL of 1% sodium fluorescein. The pathological damage to corneal tissues was assessed using hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS URP20 alleviated the symptoms of corneal neovascularization as observed by slit lamp and cobalt blue lamp. The activity of S. aureus and E.coli is inhibited by URP20 to protect corneal epithelial cells and reduce corneal stromal bacterial invasion. It also prevented corneal thickening and inhibited neovascularization by reducing VEGF expression at the cornea. CONCLUSION URP20 can effectively inhibit keratitis caused by E.coli as well as S. aureus in rats, as reflected by the inhibition of corneal neovascularization and the reduction in bacterial damage to the cornea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315042 China ,Department of Ophtalmology, Ningbo Eye Hospital, Ningbo, 315042 China
| | - Danli Xin
- Department of Ophtalmology, Ningbo Eye Hospital, Ningbo, 315042 China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Ophtalmology, Ningbo Eye Hospital, Ningbo, 315042 China
| | - Quanyong Yi
- Department of Ophtalmology, Ningbo Eye Hospital, Ningbo, 315042 China
| | - Jianshu Yuan
- Department of Ophtalmology, Ningbo Eye Hospital, Ningbo, 315042 China
| | - Yongbo Bao
- grid.413076.70000 0004 1760 3510College of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100 China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Ophtalmology, Ningbo Eye Hospital, Ningbo, 315042 China ,grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267Department of Ophtalmology, Medical College of Ningbo University, Ningbo Eye Hospital, No. 599, Beiming Cheng Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, 315042 China
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Chen YC, Qiu W, Zhang W, Zhang J, Chen R, Chen F, Wang KJ. A Novel Antimicrobial Peptide Sp-LECin with Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity and Anti- Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010267. [PMID: 36613722 PMCID: PMC9820466 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
New antimicrobial agents are urgently needed to address the increasing emergence and dissemination of multidrug-resistant bacteria. In the study, a chemically synthesized truncated peptide containing 22-amino acids derived from a C-type lectin homolog SpCTL6 of Scylla paramamosain was screened and found to exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, indicating that it is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), named Sp-LECin. Sp-LECin possessed the basic characteristics of most cationic AMPs, such as positive charge (+4) and a relatively high hydrophobicity (45%). After treatment with Sp-LECin, the disruption of microbial membrane integrity and even leakage of cellular contents was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, Sp-LECin could bind lipopolysaccharide (LPS), increase the outer and inner membrane permeability and induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, ultimately leading to the death of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Furthermore, Sp-LECin exhibited potent anti-biofilm activity against P. aeruginosa during both biofilm formation and maturation. Notably, Sp-LECin had no obvious cytotoxicity and could greatly improve the survival of P. aeruginosa-infected zebrafish, by approximately 40% over the control group after 72 h of treatment. This study indicated that Sp-LECin is a promising antibacterial agent with the potential to be used against devastating global pathogen infections such as P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wanlei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Weibin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jingrong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Roushi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (K.-J.W.)
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (K.-J.W.)
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Cheng Z, McLaughlin DL, Little MW, Ferris C, Salavati M, Ingvartsen KL, Crowe MA, Wathes DC. Proportion of Concentrate in the Diet of Early Lactation Dairy Cows Has Contrasting Effects on Circulating Leukocyte Global Transcriptomic Profiles, Health and Fertility According to Parity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010039. [PMID: 36613482 PMCID: PMC9820068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The functionality of circulating leukocytes in dairy cows is suppressed after calving, with negative energy balance as a risk factor. Leukocyte transcriptomic profiles were compared separately in 44 multiparous (MP) and 18 primiparous (PP) Holstein-Friesian cows receiving diets differing in concentrate proportion to test whether immune dysfunction could be mitigated by appropriate nutrition. After calving, cows were offered either (1) low concentrate (LC); (2) medium concentrate (MC) or (3) high concentrate (HC) diets with proportions of concentrate to grass silage of 30%:70%, 50%:50% and 70%:30%, respectively. Cow phenotype data collected included circulating metabolites, milk yield and health and fertility records. RNA sequencing of circulating leukocytes at 14 days in milk was performed. The HC diet improved energy balance in both age groups. There were more differentially expressed genes in PP than MP cows (460 vs. 173, HC vs. LC comparison) with few overlaps. The MP cows on the LC diet showed upregulation of the complement and coagulation cascade and innate immune defence mechanisms against pathogens and had a trend of more cases of mastitis and poorer fertility. In contrast, the PP cows on the HC diet showed greater immune responses based on both gene expression and phenotypic data and longer interval of calving to conception. The leukocytes of MP and PP cows therefore responded differentially to the diets between age, nutrient supply and immunity affecting their health and subsequent fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangrui Cheng
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Danielle L. McLaughlin
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Mark W. Little
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast BT9 5PX, UK
| | - Conrad Ferris
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast BT9 5PX, UK
| | - Mazdak Salavati
- The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Easter Bush Campus, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Klaus L. Ingvartsen
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, Aarhus University, 8000 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Mark A. Crowe
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - D. Claire Wathes
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK
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McConnel CS, Slanzon GS, Parrish LM, Trombetta SC, Shaw LF, Moore DA, Sischo WM. Transcriptional changes detected in fecal RNA from neonatal dairy calves of different breeds following gastrointestinal disease of varying severity. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278664. [PMID: 36454999 PMCID: PMC9714867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) disease is a major health concern in preweaned dairy calves. The objective of this fixed cohort study was to use RNA isolated from preweaned Holstein and Jersey heifer calf feces to study the molecular adaptations to variable clinical GI disease. The study was conducted on a commercial calf ranch in the western U.S. Enrolled calves were assessed twice daily for variations in demeanor, milk intake, and hydration. Fecal consistency scores were recorded at enrollment (day 1), and on the day (day 10) that a fecal sample was collected for differential gene expression (DGE). Calves with diarrhea on either day were classified as having either uncomplicated, localized GI disease (scours), or systemic GI disease (systemic enteritis). Eighty-four calves' fecal RNA was evaluated for DGE, of which 33 calves (n = 20 Holstein; n = 13 Jersey) were consistently healthy. The remaining 51 calves (n = 23 Holstein; n = 28 Jersey) experienced varying severity of GI disease during the sampling window. Genes of interest were related to the inflammatory response (i.e., IFNG, NFKB1, NOD2, TLR2, and TLR4) and cell membrane or cytoplasmic transport (i.e., AQP3, FABP2, KRT8 and SLC5A1). Breed-specific findings indicated that AQP3, IFNG, and TLR4 were upregulated in Holsteins with systemic enteritis, whereas KRT8 was downregulated in systemically affected Jerseys. Holsteins did not appear affected by scours aside from a tendency for DGE of toll-like receptors (TLRs) on the day of diarrhea. However, Jersey calves consistently demonstrated a tendency to upregulate IFNG, NFKB1, and TLR4 when affected with either scours or systemic enteritis. These findings were more pronounced in systemically affected Jersey calves and were observed as a delayed response to both scours and systemic enteritis. These findings support previous observations suggesting that Holstein calves may be better equipped than Jersey calves to rapidly fight pathogen invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. S. McConnel
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Field Disease Investigation Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - G. S. Slanzon
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Field Disease Investigation Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - L. M. Parrish
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Field Disease Investigation Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - S. C. Trombetta
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Field Disease Investigation Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - L. F. Shaw
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Field Disease Investigation Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - D. A. Moore
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Field Disease Investigation Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - W. M. Sischo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Field Disease Investigation Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
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El-Dirany R, Fernández-Rubio C, Peña-Guerrero J, Moreno E, Larrea E, Espuelas S, Abdel-Sater F, Brandenburg K, Martínez-de-Tejada G, Nguewa P. Repurposing the Antibacterial Agents Peptide 19-4LF and Peptide 19-2.5 for Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112528. [PMID: 36432719 PMCID: PMC9697117 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of safe and cost-effective treatments against leishmaniasis highlights the urgent need to develop improved leishmanicidal agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an emerging category of therapeutics exerting a wide range of biological activities such as anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-parasitic and anti-tumoral. In the present study, the approach of repurposing AMPs as antileishmanial drugs was applied. The leishmanicidal activity of two synthetic anti-lipopolysaccharide peptides (SALPs), so-called 19-2.5 and 19-4LF was characterized in Leishmania major. In vitro, both peptides were highly active against intracellular Leishmania major in mouse macrophages without exerting toxicity in host cells. Then, q-PCR-based gene profiling, revealed that this activity was related to the downregulation of several genes involved in drug resistance (yip1), virulence (gp63) and parasite proliferation (Cyclin 1 and Cyclin 6). Importantly, the treatment of BALB/c mice with any of the two AMPs caused a significant reduction in L. major infective burden. This effect was associated with an increase in Th1 cytokine levels (IL-12p35, TNF-α, and iNOS) in the skin lesion and spleen of the L. major infected mice while the Th2-associated genes were downregulated (IL-4 and IL-6). Lastly, we investigated the effect of both peptides in the gene expression profile of the P2X7 purinergic receptor, which has been reported as a therapeutic target in several diseases. The results showed significant repression of P2X7R by both peptides in the skin lesion of L. major infected mice to an extent comparable to that of a common anti-leishmanial drug, Paromomycin. Our in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that the synthetic AMPs 19-2.5 and 19-4LF are promising candidates for leishmaniasis treatment and present P2X7R as a potential therapeutic target in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima El-Dirany
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon
| | - Celia Fernández-Rubio
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - José Peña-Guerrero
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Esther Larrea
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Fadi Abdel-Sater
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon
| | - Klaus Brandenburg
- Brandenburg Antiinfektiva GmbH, c/o Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz Lungenzentrum, 23845 Borstel, Germany
| | - Guillermo Martínez-de-Tejada
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Paul Nguewa
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Correspondence:
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10-mer and 9-mer WALK Peptides with Both Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11111588. [PMID: 36358242 PMCID: PMC9686928 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are multifunctional host defense peptides (HDPs) that are valuable for various therapeutic applications. In particular, natural and artificial AMPs with dual antibacterial immunomodulatory functions emerged as promising candidates for the development of therapeutic agents to treat infectious inflammation. In an effort to develop useful AMP variants with short lengths and simple amino acid composition, we devised a de novo design strategy to generate a series of model peptide isomer sequences, named WALK peptides, i.e., tryptophan (W)-containing amphipathic-helical (A) leucine (L)/lysine (K) peptides. Here, we generated two groups of WALK peptide isomers: W2L4K4 (WALK244.01~WALK244.10) and W2L4K3 (WALK243.01~WALK243.09). Most showed apparent antibacterial activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria at a concentration of approximately 4 μg/mL along with varied hemolytic activities against human red blood cells. In addition, some exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activities without any significant cytotoxicity in macrophages. Collectively, these results suggest that the two selected peptides, WALK244.04 and WALK243.04, showed promise for the development of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents.
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69
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Liu Y, Li S, Lin S, Shi S, Tian T, Zhang B, Zhang T, Lin Y. A tetrahedral framework nucleic acid based multifunctional nanocapsule for tumor prophylactic mRNA vaccination. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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70
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Chen X, Han J, Cai X, Wang S. Antimicrobial peptides: Sustainable application informed by evolutionary constraints. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108012. [PMID: 35752270 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The proliferation and global expansion of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria have deepened the need to develop novel antimicrobials. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are regarded as promising antibacterial agents because of their broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and multifaceted mechanisms of action with non-specific targets. However, if AMPs are to be applied sustainably, knowledge of how they induce resistance in pathogenic bacteria must be mastered to avoid repeating the traditional antibiotic resistance mistakes currently faced. Furthermore, the evolutionary constraints on the acquisition of AMP resistance by microorganisms in the natural environment, such as functional compatibility and fitness trade-offs, inform the translational application of AMPs. Consequently, the shortcut to achieve sustainable utilization of AMPs is to uncover the evolutionary constraints of bacteria on AMP resistance in nature and find the tricks to exploit these constraints, such as applying AMP cocktails to minimize the efficacy of selection for resistance or combining nanomaterials to maximize the costs of AMP resistance. Altogether, this review dissects the benefits, challenges, and opportunities of utilizing AMPs against disease-causing bacteria, and highlights the use of AMP cocktails or nanomaterials to proactively address potential AMP resistance crises in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China; College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jinzhi Han
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Xixi Cai
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
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71
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Dini I, De Biasi MG, Mancusi A. An Overview of the Potentialities of Antimicrobial Peptides Derived from Natural Sources. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1483. [PMID: 36358138 PMCID: PMC9686932 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are constituents of the innate immune system in every kind of living organism. They can act by disrupting the microbial membrane or without affecting membrane stability. Interest in these small peptides stems from the fear of antibiotics and the emergence of microorganisms resistant to antibiotics. Through membrane or metabolic disruption, they defend an organism against invading bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi. High efficacy and specificity, low drug interaction and toxicity, thermostability, solubility in water, and biological diversity suggest their applications in food, medicine, agriculture, animal husbandry, and aquaculture. Nanocarriers can be used to protect, deliver, and improve their bioavailability effectiveness. High cost of production could limit their use. This review summarizes the natural sources, structures, modes of action, and applications of microbial peptides in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Any restrictions on AMPs' large-scale production are also taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Dini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Mancusi
- Department of Food Microbiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy
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72
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Talapko J, Meštrović T, Juzbašić M, Tomas M, Erić S, Horvat Aleksijević L, Bekić S, Schwarz D, Matić S, Neuberg M, Škrlec I. Antimicrobial Peptides-Mechanisms of Action, Antimicrobial Effects and Clinical Applications. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11101417. [PMID: 36290075 PMCID: PMC9598582 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing emergence of antimicrobial resistance represents a global problem that not only influences healthcare systems but also has grave implications for political and economic processes. As the discovery of novel antimicrobial agents is lagging, one of the solutions is innovative therapeutic options that would expand our armamentarium against this hazard. Compounds of interest in many such studies are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which actually represent the host's first line of defense against pathogens and are involved in innate immunity. They have a broad range of antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and viruses, with specific mechanisms of action utilized by different AMPs. Coupled with a lower propensity for resistance development, it is becoming clear that AMPs can be seen as emerging and very promising candidates for more pervasive usage in the treatment of infectious diseases. However, their use in quotidian clinical practice is not without challenges. In this review, we aimed to summarize state-of-the-art evidence on the structure and mechanisms of action of AMPs, as well as to provide detailed information on their antimicrobial activity. We also aimed to present contemporary evidence of clinical trials and application of AMPs and highlight their use beyond infectious diseases and potential challenges that may arise with their increasing availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasminka Talapko
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Correspondence: (J.T.); (I.Š.)
| | - Tomislav Meštrović
- University Centre Varaždin, University North, 42000 Varaždin, Croatia
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Martina Juzbašić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Matej Tomas
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Suzana Erić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Lorena Horvat Aleksijević
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Sanja Bekić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Family Medicine Practice, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dragan Schwarz
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Suzana Matić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marijana Neuberg
- University Centre Varaždin, University North, 42000 Varaždin, Croatia
| | - Ivana Škrlec
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Correspondence: (J.T.); (I.Š.)
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73
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Hao Z, Chen R, Chai C, Wang Y, Chen T, Li H, Hu Y, Feng Q, Li J. Antimicrobial peptides for bone tissue engineering: Diversity, effects and applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1030162. [PMID: 36277377 PMCID: PMC9582762 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1030162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering has been becoming a promising strategy for surgical bone repair, but the risk of infection during trauma repair remains a problematic health concern worldwide, especially for fracture and infection-caused bone defects. Conventional antibiotics fail to effectively prevent or treat bone infections during bone defect repair because of drug-resistance and recurrence, so novel antibacterial agents with limited resistance are highly needed for bone tissue engineering. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) characterized by cationic, hydrophobic and amphipathic properties show great promise to be used as next-generation antibiotics which rarely induce resistance and show potent antibacterial efficacy. In this review, four common structures of AMPs (helix-based, sheet-based, coil-based and composite) and related modifications are presented to identify AMPs and design novel analogs. Then, potential effects of AMPs for bone infection during bone repair are explored, including bactericidal activity, anti-biofilm, immunomodulation and regenerative properties. Moreover, we present distinctive applications of AMPs for topical bone repair, which can be either used by delivery system (surface immobilization, nanoparticles and hydrogels) or used in gene therapy. Finally, future prospects and ongoing challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuowen Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Renxin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Chai
- Emergency Center, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianhong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanke Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingkun Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinyu Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jingfeng Li,
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74
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Host Cell Antimicrobial Responses against Helicobacter pylori Infection: From Biological Aspects to Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810941. [PMID: 36142852 PMCID: PMC9504325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The colonization of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in human gastric mucosa is highly associated with the occurrence of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Antibiotics, including amoxicillin, clarithromycin, furazolidone, levofloxacin, metronidazole, and tetracycline, are commonly used and considered the major treatment regimens for H. pylori eradication, which is, however, becoming less effective by the increasing prevalence of H pylori resistance. Thus, it is urgent to understand the molecular mechanisms of H. pylori pathogenesis and develop alternative therapeutic strategies. In this review, we focus on the virulence factors for H. pylori colonization and survival within host gastric mucosa and the host antimicrobial responses against H. pylori infection. Moreover, we describe the current treatments for H. pylori eradication and provide some insights into new therapeutic strategies for H. pylori infection.
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75
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Zhou L, Lian K, Wang M, Jing X, Zhang Y, Cao J. The antimicrobial effect of a novel peptide LL-1 on Escherichia coli by increasing membrane permeability. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:220. [PMID: 36117157 PMCID: PMC9484052 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The widespread use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of many drug-resistant strains; thus, the development of new antibacterial drugs is essential with antimicrobial peptides becoming the focus of research. This study assessed the antibacterial effect of a novel antimicrobial peptide, named LL-1 on Escherichia coli (E.coli) by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the antibacterial curve. The interaction between LL-1 and E. coli DNA was then detected by nucleic acid gel electrophoresis. The effect of LL-1 on the E. coli cell membrane was assessed by detecting the leakage of β-galactosidase, nucleic acid and protein. The influence of LL-1 on the intracellular ATP of E. coli was analysed by determining the concentration of intracellular ATP. Finally, the bacteria and colonies of E. coli treated with LL-1 were observed using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Results The results suggested that the MIC value was 3.125 µg/ml, and the antibacterial effect was dose-dependent. LL-1 dose-dependently combined with E. coli DNA. LL-1 resulted in the leakage of intracellular β-galactosidase, nucleic acid and protein, and decreased intracellular ATP concentrations of E. coli. Two MIC of LL-1 caused E. coli to shrink, resulting in a rough surface, plasmolysis, and bacterial adhesion. Conclusion This study indicated that LL-1 had a good bactericidal effect on E. coli by mainly increasing the permeability of the cell membrane, leading to leakage of the intracellular content. This will lay the foundation for an in-depth study on the antibacterial mechanism of LL-1 against E. coli and its clinical application. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-022-02621-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.,College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiqi Lian
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Veterinary Biologics Research and Application, Anyang, 455000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengting Wang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyi Jing
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanchen Zhang
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, Henan, People's Republic of China.,Taihang Mountain Forest Pests Observation and Research Station of Henan Province, Linzhou, 456550, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinling Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
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76
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Knowledgebase of potential multifaceted solutions to antimicrobial resistance. Comput Biol Chem 2022; 101:107772. [PMID: 36155273 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2022.107772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), a top threat to global health, challenges preventive and treatment strategies of infections. AMR strains of microbial pathogens arise through multiple mechanisms. The underlying "antibiotic resistance genes" (ARGs) spread through various species by lateral gene transfer thereby causing global dissemination. Human methods also augment this process through inappropriate use, non-compliance to treatment schedule, and environmental waste. Worldwide significant efforts are being invested to discover novel therapeutic solutions for tackling resistant pathogens. Diverse therapeutic strategies have evolved over recent years. In this work we have developed a comprehensive knowledgebase by collecting alternative antimicrobial therapeutic strategies from literature data. Therapeutic strategies against bacteria, virus, fungus and parasites were extracted from PubMed literature using text mining. We have used a subjective (sentimental) approach for data mining new strategies, resulting in broad coverage of novel entities and subsequently add objective data like entity name (including IUPAC), potency, and safety information. The extracted data was organized in a freely accessible web platform, KOMBAT. The KOMBAT comprises 1104 Chemical compounds, 220 of newly identified antimicrobial peptides, 42 bacteriophages, 242 phytochemicals, 106 nanocomposites, and 94 novel entities for phototherapy. Entities tested and evaluated on AMR pathogens are included. We envision that this database will be useful for developing future therapeutics against AMR pathogens. The database can be accessed through http://kombat.igib.res.in/.
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77
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Juretić D. Designed Multifunctional Peptides for Intracellular Targets. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11091196. [PMID: 36139975 PMCID: PMC9495127 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11091196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature’s way for bioactive peptides is to provide them with several related functions and the ability to cooperate in performing their job. Natural cell-penetrating peptides (CPP), such as penetratins, inspired the design of multifunctional constructs with CPP ability. This review focuses on known and novel peptides that can easily reach intracellular targets with little or no toxicity to mammalian cells. All peptide candidates were evaluated and ranked according to the predictions of low toxicity to mammalian cells and broad-spectrum activity. The final set of the 20 best peptide candidates contains the peptides optimized for cell-penetrating, antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory activity. Their predicted features are intrinsic disorder and the ability to acquire an amphipathic structure upon contact with membranes or nucleic acids. In conclusion, the review argues for exploring wide-spectrum multifunctionality for novel nontoxic hybrids with cell-penetrating peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davor Juretić
- Mediterranean Institute for Life Sciences, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
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78
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Antimicrobial peptides with cell-penetrating activity as prophylactic and treatment drugs. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:231731. [PMID: 36052730 PMCID: PMC9508529 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20221789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Health is fundamental for the development of individuals and evolution of species. In that sense, for human societies is relevant to understand how the human body has developed molecular strategies to maintain health. In the present review, we summarize diverse evidence that support the role of peptides in this endeavor. Of particular interest to the present review are antimicrobial peptides (AMP) and cell-penetrating peptides (CPP). Different experimental evidence indicates that AMP/CPP are able to regulate autophagy, which in turn regulates the immune system response. AMP also assists in the establishment of the microbiota, which in turn is critical for different behavioral and health aspects of humans. Thus, AMP and CPP are multifunctional peptides that regulate two aspects of our bodies that are fundamental to our health: autophagy and microbiota. While it is now clear the multifunctional nature of these peptides, we are still in the early stages of the development of computational strategies aimed to assist experimentalists in identifying selective multifunctional AMP/CPP to control nonhealthy conditions. For instance, both AMP and CPP are computationally characterized as amphipatic and cationic, yet none of these features are relevant to differentiate these peptides from non-AMP or non-CPP. The present review aims to highlight current knowledge that may facilitate the development of AMP’s design tools for preventing or treating illness.
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79
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Synthetic Antimicrobial Immunomodulatory Peptides: Ongoing Studies and Clinical Trials. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11081062. [PMID: 36009931 PMCID: PMC9405281 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11081062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasingly widespread antimicrobial resistance forces the search for new antimicrobial substances capable of fighting infection. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and their synthetic analogs form an extensive group of compounds of great structural diversity and multifunctionality, different modes of antimicrobial action, and considerable market potential. Some AMPs, in addition to their proven antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activity, also demonstrate anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory capabilities; these are called innate defense regulator (IDR) peptides. IDR peptides stimulate or inhibit the body’s immune system, e.g., by stimulating leukocyte migration to the site of infection, driving macrophage differentiation and activation, providing chemotactic action for neutrophils, degranulation and activation of mast cells, altering chemokine and cytokine production, and even induction of angiogenesis and wound healing. Such multifunctional immunomodulatory peptide molecules are currently being investigated and developed. Exploring and utilizing IDR peptides as an indirect weapon against infectious diseases could represent a completely new strategy to cope with the issue of antimicrobial resistance.
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80
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Jayathilaka EHTT, Rajapaksha DC, Nikapitiya C, Lee J, De Zoysa M, Whang I. Novel Antimicrobial Peptide “Octoprohibitin” against Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15080928. [PMID: 36015076 PMCID: PMC9415640 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Octoprohibitin is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), derived from the prohibitin-2 gene of Octopus minor. It showed substantial activity against multidrug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 200 and 400 µg/mL, respectively. Time-kill kinetics and bacterial viability assays confirmed the concentration-dependent antibacterial activity of octoprohibitin against A. baumannii. The morphology and ultrastructure of A. baumannii were altered by treatment with octoprohibitin at the MIC and MBC levels. Furthermore, propidium iodide-fluorescein diacetate (PI-FDA) staining and 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) staining of octoprohibitin-treated A. baumannii revealed membrane permeability alterations and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, respectively. Agarose gel retardation results confirmed the DNA-binding ability of octoprohibitin to the genomic DNA of A. baumannii. Furthermore, octoprohibitin showed concentration-dependent inhibition of biofilm formation and eradication. The minimum biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) of octoprohibitin were 1000 and 1460 µg/mL, respectively. Octoprohibitin produced no significant cytotoxicity up to 800 µg/mL, and no hemolysis was observed up to 400 µg/mL. Furthermore, in vivo analysis in an A. baumannii-infected zebrafish model confirmed the effective bactericidal activity of octoprohibitin with higher cumulative survival percent (46.6%) and fewer pathological signs. Histological analysis showed reduced alterations in the gut, kidney, and gill tissues in the octoprohibitin-treated group compared with those in the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated group. In conclusion, our results suggest that octoprohibitin is a potential antibacterial and antibiofilm agent against MDR A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. H. T. Thulshan Jayathilaka
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (E.H.T.T.J.); (D.C.R.); (C.N.)
| | - Dinusha C. Rajapaksha
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (E.H.T.T.J.); (D.C.R.); (C.N.)
| | - Chamilani Nikapitiya
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (E.H.T.T.J.); (D.C.R.); (C.N.)
| | - Joeun Lee
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK), 75, Jangsan-ro, 101beon-gil, Janghang-eup 33662, Korea;
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (E.H.T.T.J.); (D.C.R.); (C.N.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.Z.); (I.W.)
| | - Ilson Whang
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK), 75, Jangsan-ro, 101beon-gil, Janghang-eup 33662, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.D.Z.); (I.W.)
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81
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Moeinabadi-Bidgoli K, Rezaee M, Rismanchi H, Mohammadi MM, Babajani A. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Antimicrobial Peptides as Potential Anti-Neoplastic Agents: New Insight into Anticancer Mechanisms of Stem Cells and Exosomes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:900418. [PMID: 35874827 PMCID: PMC9298847 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.900418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as adult multipotent cells, possess considerable regenerative and anti-neoplastic effects, from inducing apoptosis in the cancer cells to reducing multidrug resistance that bring them up as an appropriate alternative for cancer treatment. These cells can alter the behavior of cancer cells, the condition of the tumor microenvironment, and the activity of immune cells that result in tumor regression. It has been observed that during inflammatory conditions, a well-known feature of the tumor microenvironment, the MSCs produce and release some molecules called “antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)” with demonstrated anti-neoplastic effects. These peptides have remarkable targeted anticancer effects by attaching to the negatively charged membrane of neoplastic cells, disrupting the membrane, and interfering with intracellular pathways. Therefore, AMPs could be considered as a part of the wide-ranging anti-neoplastic effects of MSCs. This review focuses on the possible anti-neoplastic effects of MSCs-derived AMPs and their mechanisms. It also discusses preconditioning approaches and using exosomes to enhance AMP production and delivery from MSCs to cancer cells. Besides, the clinical administration of MSCs-derived AMPs, along with their challenges in clinical practice, were debated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Moeinabadi-Bidgoli
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastroenterology Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Rezaee
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Rismanchi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amirhesam Babajani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Català C, Velasco-de Andrés M, Casadó-Llombart S, Leyton-Pereira A, Carrillo-Serradell L, Isamat M, Lozano F. Innate immune response to peritoneal bacterial infection. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 371:43-61. [PMID: 35965000 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous and secondary peritoneal infections, mostly of bacterial origin, easily spread to cause severe sepsis. Cellular and humoral elements of the innate immune system are constitutively present in peritoneal cavity and omentum, and play an important role in peritonitis progression and resolution. This review will focus on the description of the anatomic characteristics of the peritoneal cavity and the composition and function of such innate immune elements under both steady-state and bacterial infection conditions. Potential innate immune-based therapeutic interventions in bacterial peritonitis alternative or adjunctive to classical antibiotic therapy will be briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Català
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Sergi Casadó-Llombart
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Marcos Isamat
- Sepsia Therapeutics S.L. 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Lozano
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Immunologia, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic (CDB), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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83
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Immune Modulation Ability of Hepcidin from Teleost Fish. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12121586. [PMID: 35739922 PMCID: PMC9219549 DOI: 10.3390/ani12121586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Antimicrobial peptides are part of the fish defense system, which can directly eliminate pathogenic microorganisms and, at the same time, regulate the immune response against them. This study evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of the antimicrobial peptide hepcidin in both juvenile fish and fish leukocyte cells. The results showed that hepcidin increased the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10 cytokines in leukocyte cells from trout. Moreover, the mRNA expressions of the same cytokines were up-regulated in different immune tissue of sea bass, confirming in vitro results. This study provides new insights into immunomodulatory function complementary to hepcidin’s previously established antimicrobial activity modulating the pro- and anti-inflammatory responses in teleost fish. Abstract Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) play an essential role in the innate immune system, modulating the defense response. In a previous study, we demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of synthetic hepcidin (hep20) from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and its protective effect in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) challenged with Vibrio anguillarum. Additionally, we described the uptake and distribution of hep20 in different tissues and leukocyte cells. Interestingly, various AMPs characterized in high vertebrates, called host defense peptides (HDPs), also possess immunomodulation activity. For that reason, the present study explores the immunomodulatory abilities of hep20 through in vitro and in vivo studies. First, a monocyte/macrophage RTS-11 cell line from rainbow trout was used to evaluate hep20 effects on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in fish leukocyte cells. Next, the European sea bass juveniles were used to determine if hep20 can regulate the expression of cytokines in fish immune tissues. The results show that hep20 was uptake inner to RTS-11 cells and was able to induce the expression of IL-10, IL-1β, and TNFα at transcriptional and protein levels. Then, the European sea bass juveniles were given intraperitoneal injections of the peptide. At 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days post-injection (dpi), IL-10, IL -1β, and TNFα mRNA were quantified in the anterior gut, spleen, and head kidney. The hep20 was able to up-regulate cytokine gene expression in these tissues, mainly in the head kidney. Furthermore, the evaluated cytokines showed a cyclical tendency of higher to lesser expression. Finally, a bioinformatics analysis showed that the structure adopted by hep20 is similar to the γ-core domain described for cysteine-stabilized AMP, defined as immunomodulatory and antimicrobial, which could explain the ability of hep20 to regulate the cytokine expression. This study provides new insights into immunomodulatory function complementary to the previously established antimicrobial activity of hep20, suggesting a role as an HDP in teleost fish. These facts are likely to be associated with molecular functions underpinning the protective effect of fish hepcidin against pathogens.
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84
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Parchebafi A, Tamanaee F, Ehteram H, Ahmad E, Nikzad H, Haddad Kashani H. The dual interaction of antimicrobial peptides on bacteria and cancer cells; mechanism of action and therapeutic strategies of nanostructures. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:118. [PMID: 35717207 PMCID: PMC9206340 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01848-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial infection and cancer are two leading causes of global mortality. Discovering and developing new therapeutics with better specificity having minimal side-effects and no drug resistance are of an immense need. In this regard, cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMP) with dual antimicrobial and anticancer activities are the ultimate choice. For better efficacy and improved stability, the AMPs available for treatment still required to be modified. There are several strategies in which AMPs can be enhanced through, for instance, nano-carrier application with high selectivity and specificity enables researchers to estimate the rate of drug delivery to a particular tissue. In this review we present the biology and modes of action of AMPs for both anticancer and antimicrobial activities as well as some modification strategies to improve the efficacy and selectivity of these AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Parchebafi
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Tamanaee
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hassan Ehteram
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ejaz Ahmad
- Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hossein Nikzad
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Haddad Kashani
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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85
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Pérez de la Lastra JM, Anand U, González-Acosta S, López MR, Dey A, Bontempi E, Morales delaNuez A. Antimicrobial Resistance in the COVID-19 Landscape: Is There an Opportunity for Anti-Infective Antibodies and Antimicrobial Peptides? Front Immunol 2022; 13:921483. [PMID: 35720330 PMCID: PMC9205220 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.921483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although COVID-19 has captured most of the public health attention, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has not disappeared. To prevent the escape of resistant microorganisms in animals or environmental reservoirs a "one health approach" is desirable. In this context of COVID-19, AMR has probably been affected by the inappropriate or over-use of antibiotics. The increased use of antimicrobials and biocides for disinfection may have enhanced the prevalence of AMR. Antibiotics have been used empirically in patients with COVID-19 to avoid or prevent bacterial coinfection or superinfections. On the other hand, the measures to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 could have reduced the risk of the emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms. Since we do not currently have a sterilizing vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, the virus may still multiply in the organism and new mutations may occur. As a consequence, there is a risk of the appearance of new variants. Nature-derived anti-infective agents, such as antibodies and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), are very promising in the fight against infectious diseases, because they are less likely to develop resistance, even though further investigation is still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Pérez de la Lastra
- Biotechnology of Macromolecules, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, IPNA (CSIC), San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sergio González-Acosta
- Biotechnology of Macromolecules, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, IPNA (CSIC), San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
| | - Manuel R. López
- Biotechnology of Macromolecules, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, IPNA (CSIC), San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Elza Bontempi
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM) and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Morales delaNuez
- Biotechnology of Macromolecules, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, IPNA (CSIC), San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
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86
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Siednamohammeddeen N, Badi R, Mohammeddeen T, Enan K, AmalSaeed. The effect of gum Arabic supplementation on cathelicidin expression in monocyte derived macrophages in mice. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:149. [PMID: 35650596 PMCID: PMC9158159 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03627-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important effectors of the innate defense system. Cathelicidins, (CRAMP in mouse/rat, LL-37 in human) is one of the two major classes of AMPs in humans. The upregulation of LL-37 synthesis is a novel non-antibiotic approach to prevent or treat infectious diseases. Butyrate was found to induce Cathelicidin expression. Gum Arabic (GA), an exudate from Acacia senegaltree, is known for its prebiotic effects. Fermentation of GA by colonic bacteria increases serum butyrate concentrations. This study was conducted to investigate if GA supplementation can increase Cathelicidin expression in macrophages. Methods The study was an in-vivo experiment in mice. Thirty mice were randomly divided into three groups, ten mice per group. The two intervention groups received GA dissolved in drinking water in two different concentrations (15% w/v and 30% w/v) for 28 days. The third group served as a control. Blood was collected on Day 29 to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) which were cultured to obtain monocyte derived macrophages (MDMs). The transcription level of CRAMP was determined in MDMsby qPCR. Results We detected a significant increase (p = 0.023) in CRAMP expression in MDMs following 28 days of 15% GA supplementation, compared to the control group, but there was no significant change in the group on 30% GA supplementation (p = 0.055). Conclusion GAsupplementation can induce Cathelicidin expression in MDMs and the effect is dose dependent. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03627-9.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rehab Badi
- Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Tahane Mohammeddeen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Red Sea University, Portsudan, Sudan
| | - Khalid Enan
- Department of Virology, Central Laboratory, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Reaserch, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - AmalSaeed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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87
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Muñoz-Flores C, González-Chavarría I, Sandoval F, Roa FJ, Palacios P, Astuya A, Fernández K, Altamirano C, Romero A, Acosta J, Toledo JR. New strategy for the design, production and pre-purification of chimeric peptide with immunomodulatory activity in Salmosalar. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 125:120-127. [PMID: 35537671 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The intensive salmon farming is associated with massive outbreaks of infections. The use of antibiotics for their prevention and control is related to damage to the environment and human health. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been proposed as an alternative to the use of antibiotics for their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. However, one of the main challenges for its massive clinical application is the high production cost and the complexity of chemical synthesis. Thus, recombinant DNA technology offers a more sustainable, scalable, and profitable option. In the present study, using an AMPs function prediction methodology, we designed a chimeric peptide consisting of sequences derived from cathelicidin fused with the immunomodulatory peptide derived from flagellin. The designed peptide, CATH-FLA was produced by recombinant expression using an easy pre-purification system. The chimeric peptide was able to induce IL-1β and IL-8 expression in Salmo salar head kidney leukocytes, and prevented Piscirickettsia salmonis-induced cytotoxicity in SHK-1 cells. These results suggest that pre-purification of a recombinant AMP-based chimeric peptide designed in silico allow obtaining a peptide with immunomodulatory activity in vitro. This could solve the main obstacle of AMPs for massive clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Muñoz-Flores
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción. Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Iván González-Chavarría
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción. Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Felipe Sandoval
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción. Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Francisco J Roa
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción. Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Paulo Palacios
- Salmones Antártica S.A., Camino Los Ángeles, Santa Bárbara, Km. 12,8, BioBio, Chile
| | - Allisson Astuya
- Laboratory of Cell Culture and Marine Genomics, Department of Oceanography and COPAS Sur-Austral, Faculty of Natural and Oceanographic Science, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Khaterina Fernández
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Concepción. Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Claudia Altamirano
- Laboratorio de Cultivos Celulares, Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, 2362803, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Alex Romero
- Centro FONDAP, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Chile; Instituto de Patología Animal, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Jannel Acosta
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción. Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jorge R Toledo
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción. Víctor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile.
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88
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Wei X, Zhang L, Yang Y, Hou Y, Xu Y, Wang Z, Su H, Han F, Han J, Liu P, Hu S, Koci MD, Sun X, Zhang C. LL-37 transports immunoreactive cGAMP to activate STING signaling and enhance interferon-mediated host antiviral immunity. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110880. [PMID: 35649354 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic 2',3'-GMP-AMP (cGAMP) binds to and activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which then induces interferons to drive immune responses against tumors and pathogens. Exogenous cGAMP produced by infected and malignant cells and synthetic cGAMP used in immunotherapy must traverse the cell membrane to activate STING in target cells. However, as an anionic hydrophilic molecule, cGAMP is not inherently membrane permeable. Here, we show that LL-37, a human host defense peptide, can function as a transporter of cGAMP. LL-37 specifically binds cGAMP and efficiently delivers cGAMP into target cells. cGAMP transferred by LL-37 activates robust interferon responses and host antiviral immunity in a STING-dependent manner. Furthermore, we report that LL-37 inducers vitamin D3 and sodium butyrate promote host immunity by enhancing endogenous LL-37 expression and its mediated cGAMP immune response. Collectively, our data uncover an essential role of LL-37 in innate immune activation and suggest new strategies for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubiao Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinlong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfei Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimeng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huili Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangping Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peiyuan Liu
- School of Life Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuiqing Hu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Matthew D Koci
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Xuxu Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University College of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai, China.
| | - Conggang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.
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89
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Cao M, Liu C, Li M, Zhang X, Peng L, Liu L, Liao J, Yang J. Recent Research on Hybrid Hydrogels for Infection Treatment and Bone Repair. Gels 2022; 8:306. [PMID: 35621604 PMCID: PMC9140391 DOI: 10.3390/gels8050306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair of infected bone defects (IBDs) is still a great challenge in clinic. A successful treatment for IBDs should simultaneously resolve both infection control and bone defect repair. Hydrogels are water-swollen hydrophilic materials that maintain a distinct three-dimensional structure, helping load various antibacterial drugs and biomolecules. Hybrid hydrogels may potentially possess antibacterial ability and osteogenic activity. This review summarizes the recent progress of different kinds of antibacterial agents (including inorganic, organic, and natural) encapsulated in hydrogels. Several representative hydrogels of each category and their antibacterial mechanism and effect on bone repair are presented. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of antibacterial agent hybrid hydrogels are discussed. The challenge and future research directions are further prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.C.); (M.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Mengxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.C.); (M.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Li Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
| | - Lijia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.C.); (M.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Jinfeng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.C.); (M.L.); (L.L.)
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90
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Houston S, Schovanek E, Conway KME, Mustafa S, Gomez A, Ramaswamy R, Haimour A, Boulanger MJ, Reynolds LA, Cameron CE. Identification and Functional Characterization of Peptides With Antimicrobial Activity From the Syphilis Spirochete, Treponema pallidum. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:888525. [PMID: 35722306 PMCID: PMC9200625 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.888525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiological agent of syphilis, Treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum, is a highly invasive “stealth” pathogen that can evade the host immune response and persist within the host for decades. This obligate human pathogen is adept at establishing infection and surviving at sites within the host that have a multitude of competing microbes, sometimes including pathogens. One survival strategy employed by bacteria found at polymicrobial sites is elimination of competing microorganisms by production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Antimicrobial peptides are low molecular weight proteins (miniproteins) that function directly via inhibition and killing of microbes and/or indirectly via modulation of the host immune response, which can facilitate immune evasion. In the current study, we used bioinformatics to show that approximately 7% of the T. pallidum proteome is comprised of miniproteins of 150 amino acids or less with unknown functions. To investigate the possibility that AMP production is an unrecognized defense strategy used by T. pallidum during infection, we developed a bioinformatics pipeline to analyze the complement of T. pallidum miniproteins of unknown function for the identification of potential AMPs. This analysis identified 45 T. pallidum AMP candidates; of these, Tp0451a and Tp0749 were subjected to further bioinformatic analyses to identify AMP critical core regions (AMPCCRs). Four potential AMPCCRs from the two predicted AMPs were identified and peptides corresponding to these AMPCCRs were experimentally confirmed to exhibit bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against a panel of biologically relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Immunomodulation assays performed under inflammatory conditions demonstrated that one of the AMPCCRs was also capable of differentially regulating expression of two pro-inflammatory chemokines [monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-8 (IL-8)]. These findings demonstrate proof-of-concept for our developed AMP identification pipeline and are consistent with the novel concept that T. pallidum expresses AMPs to defend against competing microbes and modulate the host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Houston
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Ethan Schovanek
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Kate M. E. Conway
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Sarah Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Alloysius Gomez
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Raghavendran Ramaswamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Ayman Haimour
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Martin J. Boulanger
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Lisa A. Reynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Caroline E. Cameron
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Caroline E. Cameron,
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91
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Zhang N, Aiyasiding X, Li WJ, Liao HH, Tang QZ. Neutrophil degranulation and myocardial infarction. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:50. [PMID: 35410418 PMCID: PMC8996539 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00824-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common cardiac emergencies with high morbidity and is a leading cause of death worldwide. Since MI could develop into a life-threatening emergency and could also seriously affect the life quality of patients, continuous efforts have been made to create an effective strategy to prevent the occurrence of MI and reduce MI-related mortality. Numerous studies have confirmed that neutrophils play important roles in inflammation and innate immunity, which provide the first line of defense against microorganisms by producing inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, releasing reactive oxygen species, and degranulating components of neutrophil cytoplasmic granules to kill pathogens. Recently, researchers reported that neutrophils are closely related to the severity and prognosis of patients with MI, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in post-MI patients had predictive value for major adverse cardiac events. Neutrophils have been increasingly recognized to exert important functions in MI. Especially, granule proteins released by neutrophil degranulation after neutrophil activation have been suggested to involve in the process of MI. This article reviewed the current research progress of neutrophil granules in MI and discusses neutrophil degranulation associated diagnosis and treatment strategies. Video abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiahenazi Aiyasiding
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Han Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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92
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Ali W, Elsahn A, Ting DSJ, Dua HS, Mohammed I. Host Defence Peptides: A Potent Alternative to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:475. [PMID: 35453226 PMCID: PMC9032040 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the greatest challenges facing the medical community today is the ever-increasing trajectory of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which is being compounded by the decrease in our antimicrobial armamentarium. From their initial discovery to the current day, antibiotics have seen an exponential increase in their usage, from medical to agricultural use. Benefits aside, this has led to an exponential increase in AMR, with the fear that over 10 million lives are predicted to be lost by 2050, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO). As such, medical researchers are turning their focus to discovering novel alternatives to antimicrobials, one being Host Defence Peptides (HDPs). These small cationic peptides have shown great efficacy in being used as an antimicrobial therapy for currently resistant microbial variants. With the sudden emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 variant and the subsequent global pandemic, the great versatility and potential use of HDPs as an alternative to conventional antibiotics in treating as well as preventing the spread of COVID-19 has been reviewed. Thus, to allow the reader to have a full understanding of the multifaceted therapeutic use of HDPs, this literature review shall cover the association between COVID-19 and AMR whilst discussing and evaluating the use of HDPs as an answer to antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Imran Mohammed
- Section of Ophthalmology, Larry A. Donoso Laboratory for Eye Research, Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Eye and ENT Building, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; (W.A.); (A.E.); (D.S.J.T.); (H.S.D.)
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93
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Aibani N, Patel P, Buchanan R, Strom S, Wasan KM, Hancock REW, Gerdts V, Wasan EK. Assessing the In Vivo Effectiveness of Cationic Lipid Nanoparticles with a Triple Adjuvant for Intranasal Vaccination against the Respiratory Pathogen Bordetella pertussis. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:1814-1824. [PMID: 35302764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Continuous outbreaks of pertussis around the world suggest inadequate immune protection in infants and weakened immune responses induced over time by the acellular pertussis vaccine. Vaccine adjuvants provide a means to improve vaccine immunogenicity and support long-term adaptive immunity against pertussis. An acellular pertussis vaccine was prepared with pertactin, pertussis toxin, and fimbriae 2/3 antigens combined with a triple-adjuvant system consisting of innate defense regulator peptide IDR 1002, a Toll-like receptor-3 agonist poly(I:C), and a polyphosphazene in a fixed combination. The vaccine was delivered intranasally in a cationic lipid nanoparticle formulation fabricated by simple admixture and two schema for addition of antigens (LT-A, antigens associated outside of L-TriAdj, and LAT, antigens associated inside of L-TriAdj) to optimize particle size and cationic surface charge. In the former, antigens were associated with the lipidic formulation of the triple adjuvant by electrostatic attraction. In the latter, the antigens resided in the interior of the lipid nanoparticle. Two dose levels of antigens were used with adjuvant comprised of the triple adjuvant with or without the lipid nanoparticle carrier. Formulation of vaccines with the triple adjuvant stimulated systemic and mucosal immune responses. The lipid nanoparticle vaccines favored a Th1 type of response with higher IgG2a and IgA serum antibody titers particularly for pertussis toxin and pertactin formulated at the 5 μg dose level in the admixed formulation. Additionally, the lipid nanoparticle vaccines resulted in high nasal SIgA antibodies and an early (4 weeks post vaccination) response after a single vaccination dose. The LT-A nanoparticles trended toward higher titers of serum antibodies compared to LAT. The cationic lipid-based vaccine nanoparticles formulated with a triple adjuvant showed encouraging results as a potential formulation for intranasally administered pertussis vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noorjahan Aibani
- University of Saskatchewan, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Parth Patel
- University of Saskatchewan, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Rachelle Buchanan
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Stacy Strom
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Kishor M Wasan
- Department of Urological Sciences, University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Gordon & Leslie Diamond Health Care Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Robert E W Hancock
- Centre for Microbial Diseases & Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Volker Gerdts
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Ellen K Wasan
- University of Saskatchewan, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
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94
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Emelianova AG, Petrova NV, Fremez C, Fontanié M, Tarasov SА, Epstein ОI. Therapeutic potential of highly diluted antibodies in antibiotic-resistant infection. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 173:106161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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95
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Chen R, Hao Z, Wang Y, Zhu H, Hu Y, Chen T, Zhang P, Li J. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Immune Cell Interaction and Related Modulations for Bone Tissue Engineering. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:7153584. [PMID: 35154331 PMCID: PMC8825274 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7153584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical bone defects and related delayed union and nonunion are still worldwide problems to be solved. Bone tissue engineering is mainly aimed at achieving satisfactory bone reconstruction. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a kind of pluripotent stem cells that can differentiate into bone cells and can be used as one of the key pillars of bone tissue engineering. In recent decades, immune responses play an important role in bone regeneration. Innate immune responses provide a suitable inflammatory microenvironment for bone regeneration and initiate bone regeneration in the early stage of fracture repair. Adaptive immune responses maintain bone regeneration and bone remodeling. MSCs and immune cells regulate each other. All kinds of immune cells and secreted cytokines can regulate the migration, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, which have a strong immunomodulatory ability to these immune cells. This review mainly introduces the interaction between MSCs and immune cells on bone regeneration and its potential mechanism, and discusses the practical application in bone tissue engineering by modulating this kind of cell-to-cell crosstalk. Thus, an in-depth understanding of these principles of bone immunology can provide a new way for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renxin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhuowen Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hongzhen Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yingkun Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Tianhong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215153, China
| | - Jingfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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96
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Local immunomodulatory effects of intracanal medications in apical periodontitis. J Endod 2022; 48:430-456. [PMID: 35032538 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The immune system is an extremely complex biological network that plays a crucial role in the hemostasis of periapical tissue, pathogenesis of apical periodontitis (AP) as well as periapical tissue healing. The successful elimination of microbial infections remains a significant challenge, mostly due to the ever-growing development of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. The bacterial endurance in the root canal system contributes to features ranging from altered post-treatment healing to exacerbation of chronic periradicular immune response, that compromise the outcome of endodontic treatment. A highly effective strategy for combating infectious diseases and the associated inflammation-mediated tissue damage is to modulate the host immune response in conjunction with antimicrobial therapy. There are several medications currently used in endodontic treatment, however, they suffer various levels of microbial resistance and do not deliver all the required characteristics to simultaneously address both intracanal bacteria and periapical inflammation. Interaction of antimicrobial agents with the immune system can impact its function, leading to immune-suppressive or immune-stimulatory effects. The group of non-conventional antimicrobial medications, such as antimicrobial peptides, propolis, and nanomaterials, are agents that provide strong antimicrobial effectiveness and concomitant immunomodulatory and/or reparative effect, without any host tissue damages. Herein, we provide an overview of local immune modulation in AP and a comprehensive review of the immunomodulatory effect of antimicrobials intracanal medications applied in endodontics with specific emphasis on the antimicrobial nanomaterial-based approaches that provide immunomodulatory potential for successful clinical deployment in endodontics.
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97
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Guo F, Zhang Y, Dong W, Guan Y, Shang D. Effect of hydrophobicity on distinct anticancer mechanism of antimicrobial peptide chensinin-1b and its lipoanalog PA-C1b in breast cancer cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 143:106156. [PMID: 34999227 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chensinin-1b and its lipoanalogs demonstrate different anticancer activities against selected cancer cells, and the anticancer activity of PA-C1b is improved up to 3-fold compared with that of the parent peptide chensinin-1b. However, detailing the mechanism of action of these peptides is required to better understand the structure-function relationship. In this study, chensinin-1b and PA-C1b were selected as the representative peptides to investigate the mode of action in cancer cells. The results indicated that the boundary of the cell membrane was broken when the cells were treated with chensinin-1b, while that of cells treated with PA-C1b remained intact based on morphological changes. Apoptosis assays indicated that PA-C1b induced MCF-7 cancer cell apoptosis, while chensinin-1b mainly damaged the cell membrane. MCF-7 cancer cells treated with the peptides induced the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and cytochrome c was released from mitochondria, but PA-C1b enhanced ROS generation. Additionally, PA-C1b uptake occurred via an energy-dependent pathway and was inhibited by selected endocytosis inhibitors. Furthermore, treatment of MCF-7 cells with PA-C1b suppressed Bcl-2 mRNA levels and increased Bax mRNA levels, upregulated the expression of the proapoptotic protein Bax and downregulated the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. These results indicate that the anticancer mechanism of AMPs may be considerably affected by only a slight difference in the hydrophobicity of the two peptides; and such a study may facilitate the design of novel peptide-based anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilu Guo
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Weibing Dong
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
| | - Yue Guan
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Dejing Shang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
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98
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Zhu Y, Hao W, Wang X, Ouyang J, Deng X, Yu H, Wang Y. Antimicrobial peptides, conventional antibiotics, and their synergistic utility for the treatment of drug-resistant infections. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:1377-1422. [PMID: 34984699 DOI: 10.1002/med.21879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also known as host defense peptides (HDPs), are important effector immune defense molecules in multicellular organisms. AMPs exert their antimicrobial activities through several mechanisms; thus far, induction of drug resistance through AMPs has been regarded as unlikely. Therefore, they have great potential as new generation antimicrobial agents. To date, more than 30 AMP-related drugs are in the clinical trial phase. In recent years, studies show that some AMPs and conventional antibiotics have synergistic effects. The combined use of AMPs and antibiotics can kill drug-resistant pathogens, prevent drug resistance, and significantly improve the therapeutic effects of antibiotics. In this review, we discuss the progress in synergistic studies on AMPs and conventional antibiotics. An overview of the current understanding of the functional scope of AMPs, ongoing clinical trials, and challenges in the development processes are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Zhu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weijing Hao
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianhong Ouyang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyi Deng
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haining Yu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yipeng Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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99
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Siddiqui R, Maciver SK, Khan NA. Gut microbiome-immune system interaction in reptiles. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 132:2558-2571. [PMID: 34984778 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Reptiles are ectothermic amniotes in a world dominated by endotherms. Reptiles originated more than 300 million years ago and they often dwell in polluted environments which may expose them to pathogenic micro-organisms, radiation and/or heavy metals. Reptiles also possess greater longevity and may live much longer than similar-sized land mammals, for example, turtles, tortoises, crocodiles and tuatara are long-lived reptiles living up to 100 years or more. Many recent studies have emphasized the pivotal role of the gut microbiome on its host; thus, we postulated that reptilian gut microbiome and/or its metabolites and the interplay with their robust immune system may contribute to their longevity and overall hardiness. Herein, we discuss the composition of the reptilian gut microbiome, immune system-gut microbiome cross-talk, antimicrobial peptides, reptilian resistance to infectious diseases and cancer, ageing, as well the current knowledge of the genome and epigenome of these remarkable species. Preliminary studies have demonstrated that microbial gut flora of reptiles such as crocodiles, tortoises, water monitor lizard and python exhibit remarkable anticancer and antibacterial properties, as well as comprise novel gut bacterial metabolites and antimicrobial peptides. The underlying mechanisms between the gut microbiome and the immune system may hold clues to developing new therapies overall for health, and possible extrapolation to exploit the ancient defence systems of reptiles for Homo sapiens benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sutherland K Maciver
- Centre for Discovery Brain Science, Edinburgh Medical School, Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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100
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ALBA MARYILORENASEGURA, DURÁN-RODRIGUEZ ANDREATATIANA, PULIDO LUZMARYSALAZAR, ESCOBAR-PÉREZ JAVIER, GUTIÉRREZ SERGIOALEJANDRO, OSPINA JEANNETTENAVARRETE, BERMÚDEZ GLADYSPINILLA, MOLINA LILIANACONSTANZAMUÑOZ. Peptides DLL37-1 and LL37-1, an alternative to inhibit biofilm formation in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20210848. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220210848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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