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Karlas A, Pleitez MA, Aguirre J, Ntziachristos V. Optoacoustic imaging in endocrinology and metabolism. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2021; 17:323-335. [PMID: 33875856 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-021-00482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Imaging is an essential tool in research, diagnostics and the management of endocrine disorders. Ultrasonography, nuclear medicine techniques, MRI, CT and optical methods are already used for applications in endocrinology. Optoacoustic imaging, also termed photoacoustic imaging, is emerging as a method for visualizing endocrine physiology and disease at different scales of detail: microscopic, mesoscopic and macroscopic. Optoacoustic contrast arises from endogenous light absorbers, such as oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin, lipids and water, or exogenous contrast agents, and reveals tissue vasculature, perfusion, oxygenation, metabolic activity and inflammation. The development of high-performance optoacoustic scanners for use in humans has given rise to a variety of clinical investigations, which complement the use of the technology in preclinical research. Here, we review key progress with optoacoustic imaging technology as it relates to applications in endocrinology; for example, to visualize thyroid morphology and function, and the microvasculature in diabetes mellitus or adipose tissue metabolism, with particular focus on multispectral optoacoustic tomography and raster-scan optoacoustic mesoscopy. We explain the merits of optoacoustic microscopy and focus on mid-infrared optoacoustic microscopy, which enables label-free imaging of metabolites in cells and tissues. We showcase current optoacoustic applications within endocrinology and discuss the potential of these technologies to advance research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Karlas
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Partner Site, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich, Germany
| | - Miguel A Pleitez
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juan Aguirre
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
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52
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Wang Y, Xu M, Gao F, Kang F, Zhu S. Nonlinear iterative perturbation scheme with simplified spherical harmonics (SP 3 ) light propagation model for quantitative photoacoustic tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202000446. [PMID: 33576563 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
When using quantitative photoacoustic tomography (q-PAT) reconstruction to recover the optical absorption coefficients of tissue, the commonly used diffusion equation has several limitations in the case of the objects that have small geometries and high-absorption or low-scattering areas. Furthermore, the conventional perturbation reconstruction strategy is unsatisfactory when the target tissue containing large heterogeneous features. We herein present a modified q-PAT implementation that employs the higher-order photon migration model achieving the tradeoff between mathematical rigidity and computational efficiency. Besides, a nonlinear iterative method is proposed to obtain the perturbations of optical absorption considering the updating of the sensitivity matrix in calculating the fluence perturbations. Consequently, the distribution of tissue optical properties can be recovered in a robust way even if the targets with high absorption are included. The proposed approach has been validated by simulation, phantom and in vivo experiments, exhibiting promising performances in image fidelity and quantitative feasibility for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Menglu Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shouping Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
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53
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Roberts S, Khera E, Choi C, Navaratna T, Grimm J, Thurber GM, Reiner T. Optoacoustic Imaging of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor with a Near-Infrared Exendin-4 Analog. J Nucl Med 2021; 62:839-848. [PMID: 33097631 PMCID: PMC8729860 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.252262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Limitations in current imaging tools have long challenged the imaging of small pancreatic islets in animal models. Here, we report the first development and in vivo validation testing of a broad-spectrum and high-absorbance near-infrared optoacoustic contrast agent, E4x12-Cy7. Our near-infrared tracer is based on the amino acid sequence of exendin-4 and targets the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). Cell assays confirmed that E4x12-Cy7 has a high-binding affinity (dissociation constant, Kd, 4.6 ± 0.8 nM). Using the multispectral optoacoustic tomography, we imaged E4x12-Cy7 and optoacoustically visualized β-cell insulinoma xenografts in vivo for the first time. In the future, similar optoacoustic tracers that are specific for β-cells and combines optoacoustic and fluorescence imaging modalities could prove to be important tools for monitoring the pancreas for the progression of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheryl Roberts
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Eshita Khera
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Crystal Choi
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Tejas Navaratna
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jan Grimm
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Program of Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Greg M Thurber
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Thomas Reiner
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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54
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Liu N, Gujrati V, Malekzadeh-Najafabadi J, Werner JPF, Klemm U, Tang L, Chen Z, Prakash J, Huang Y, Stiel A, Mettenleiter G, Aichler M, Blutke A, Walch A, Kleigrewe K, Razansky D, Sattler M, Ntziachristos V. Croconaine-based nanoparticles enable efficient optoacoustic imaging of murine brain tumors. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2021; 22:100263. [PMID: 33948433 PMCID: PMC8080078 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2021.100263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Contrast enhancement in optoacoustic (photoacoustic) imaging can be achieved with agents that exhibit high absorption cross-sections, high photostability, low quantum yield, low toxicity, and preferential bio-distribution and clearance profiles. Based on advantageous photophysical properties of croconaine dyes, we explored croconaine-based nanoparticles (CR780RGD-NPs) as highly efficient contrast agents for targeted optoacoustic imaging of challenging preclinical tumor targets. Initial characterization of the CR780 dye was followed by modifications using polyethylene glycol and the cancer-targeting c(RGDyC) peptide, resulting in self-assembled ultrasmall particles with long circulation time and active tumor targeting. Preferential bio-distribution was demonstrated in orthotopic mouse brain tumor models by multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) imaging and histological analysis. Our findings showcase particle accumulation in brain tumors with sustainable strong optoacoustic signals and minimal toxic side effects. This work points to CR780RGD-NPs as a promising optoacoustic contrast agent for potential use in the diagnosis and image-guided resection of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Liu
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Vipul Gujrati
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Corresponding authors at: Chair of Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany.
| | - Jaber Malekzadeh-Najafabadi
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Klemm
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Longguang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhenyue Chen
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Jaya Prakash
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, C. V. Raman Road, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Yuanhui Huang
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Andre Stiel
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Gabriele Mettenleiter
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Michaela Aichler
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Andreas Blutke
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Axel Walch
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Karin Kleigrewe
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), Technical University of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Daniel Razansky
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Michael Sattler
- Bavarian NMR Center and Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85747, Germany
- Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München (GmbH), Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Corresponding authors at: Chair of Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 81675, Germany.
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55
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Gröhl J, Schellenberg M, Dreher K, Maier-Hein L. Deep learning for biomedical photoacoustic imaging: A review. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2021; 22:100241. [PMID: 33717977 PMCID: PMC7932894 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2021.100241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a promising emerging imaging modality that enables spatially resolved imaging of optical tissue properties up to several centimeters deep in tissue, creating the potential for numerous exciting clinical applications. However, extraction of relevant tissue parameters from the raw data requires the solving of inverse image reconstruction problems, which have proven extremely difficult to solve. The application of deep learning methods has recently exploded in popularity, leading to impressive successes in the context of medical imaging and also finding first use in the field of PAI. Deep learning methods possess unique advantages that can facilitate the clinical translation of PAI, such as extremely fast computation times and the fact that they can be adapted to any given problem. In this review, we examine the current state of the art regarding deep learning in PAI and identify potential directions of research that will help to reach the goal of clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janek Gröhl
- German Cancer Research Center, Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Schellenberg
- German Cancer Research Center, Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kris Dreher
- German Cancer Research Center, Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lena Maier-Hein
- German Cancer Research Center, Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg University, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Heidelberg, Germany
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56
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Chen Y, Chen B, Yu T, Yin L, Sun M, He W, Ma C. Photoacoustic Mouse Brain Imaging Using an Optical Fabry-Pérot Interferometric Ultrasound Sensor. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:672788. [PMID: 34079437 PMCID: PMC8165253 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.672788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA, or optoacoustic, OA) mesoscopy is a powerful tool for mouse cerebral imaging, which offers high resolution three-dimensional (3D) images with optical absorption contrast inside the optically turbid brain. The image quality of a PA mesoscope relies on the ultrasonic transducer which detects the PA signals. An all-optical ultrasound sensor based on a Fabry-Pérot (FP) polymer cavity has the following advantages: broadband frequency response, wide angular coverage and small footprint. Here, we present 3D PA mesoscope for mouse brain imaging using such an optical sensor. A heating laser was used to stabilize the sensor's cavity length during the imaging process. To acquire data for a 3D angiogram of the mouse brain, the sensor was mounted on a translation stage and raster scanned. 3D images of the mouse brain vasculature were reconstructed which showed cerebrovascular structure up to a depth of 8 mm with high quality. Imaging segmentation and dual wavelength imaging were performed to demonstrate the potential of the system in preclinical brain research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Buhua Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tengfei Yu
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Yin
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingjian Sun
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, China
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Wen He
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chip, Beijing, China
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57
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Fasoula NA, Karlas A, Kallmayer M, Milik AB, Pelisek J, Eckstein HH, Klingenspor M, Ntziachristos V. Multicompartmental non-invasive sensing of postprandial lipemia in humans with multispectral optoacoustic tomography. Mol Metab 2021; 47:101184. [PMID: 33549846 PMCID: PMC7918675 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postprandial lipid profiling (PLP), a risk indicator of cardiometabolic disease, is based on frequent blood sampling over several hours after a meal, an approach that is invasive and inconvenient. Non-invasive PLP may offer an alternative for disseminated human monitoring. Herein, we investigate the use of clinical multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) for non-invasive, label-free PLP via direct lipid-sensing in human vasculature and soft tissues. METHODS Four (n = 4) subjects (3 females and 1 male, age: 28 ± 7 years) were enrolled in the current pilot study. We longitudinally measured the lipid signals in arteries, veins, skeletal muscles, and adipose tissues of all participants at 30-min intervals for 6 h after the oral consumption of a high-fat meal. RESULTS Optoacoustic lipid-signal analysis showed on average a 63.4% intra-arterial increase at ~ 4 h postprandially, an 83.9% intra-venous increase at ~ 3 h, a 120.8% intra-muscular increase at ~ 3 h, and a 32.8% subcutaneous fat increase at ~ 4 h. CONCLUSION MSOT provides the potential to study lipid metabolism that could lead to novel diagnostics and prevention strategies by label-free, non-invasive detection of tissue biomarkers implicated in cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina-Alexia Fasoula
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Chair of Biological Imaging, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Germany
| | - Angelos Karlas
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Chair of Biological Imaging, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Germany; Clinic of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Kallmayer
- Clinic of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Anamaria Beatrice Milik
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Chair of Biological Imaging, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Pelisek
- Clinic of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany; Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Clinic of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; EKFZ-Else Kröner-Fresenius Zentrum for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; ZIEL-Institute for Food &Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Chair of Biological Imaging, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Germany.
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58
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Merdasa A, Bunke J, Naumovska M, Albinsson J, Erlöv T, Cinthio M, Reistad N, Sheikh R, Malmsjö M. Photoacoustic imaging of the spatial distribution of oxygen saturation in an ischemia-reperfusion model in humans. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:2484-2495. [PMID: 33996242 PMCID: PMC8086473 DOI: 10.1364/boe.418397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a novel hybrid imaging technique that combines the advantages of optical and ultrasound imaging to produce hyperspectral images of the tissue. The feasibility of measuring oxygen saturation (sO2) with PAI has been demonstrated pre-clinically, but has limited use in humans under conditions of ischemia and reperfusion. As an important step towards making PAI clinically available, we present a study in which PAI was used to estimate the spatial distribution of sO2 in vivo during and after occlusion of the finger of eight healthy volunteers. The results were compared with a commercial oxygen saturation monitor based on diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. We here describe the capability of PAI to provide spatially resolved picture of the evolution of sO2 during ischemia following vascular occlusion of a finger, demonstrating the clinical viability of PAI as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for diseases indicated by impaired microvascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboma Merdasa
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophotalmology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Josefine Bunke
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophotalmology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Naumovska
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophotalmology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - John Albinsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophotalmology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tobias Erlöv
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Magnus Cinthio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Sweden
| | | | - Rafi Sheikh
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophotalmology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Malmsjö
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophotalmology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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59
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Deng H, Qiao H, Dai Q, Ma C. Deep learning in photoacoustic imaging: a review. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-200374VRR. [PMID: 33837678 PMCID: PMC8033250 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.4.040901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Photoacoustic (PA) imaging can provide structural, functional, and molecular information for preclinical and clinical studies. For PA imaging (PAI), non-ideal signal detection deteriorates image quality, and quantitative PAI (QPAI) remains challenging due to the unknown light fluence spectra in deep tissue. In recent years, deep learning (DL) has shown outstanding performance when implemented in PAI, with applications in image reconstruction, quantification, and understanding. AIM We provide (i) a comprehensive overview of the DL techniques that have been applied in PAI, (ii) references for designing DL models for various PAI tasks, and (iii) a summary of the future challenges and opportunities. APPROACH Papers published before November 2020 in the area of applying DL in PAI were reviewed. We categorized them into three types: image understanding, reconstruction of the initial pressure distribution, and QPAI. RESULTS When applied in PAI, DL can effectively process images, improve reconstruction quality, fuse information, and assist quantitative analysis. CONCLUSION DL has become a powerful tool in PAI. With the development of DL theory and technology, it will continue to boost the performance and facilitate the clinical translation of PAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handi Deng
- Tsinghua University, Department of Electronic Engineering, Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Tsinghua University, Department of Automation, Haidian, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua University, Institute for Brain and Cognitive Science, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua University, Beijing Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Intelligence, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Multi-Dimension and Multi-Scale Computational Photography, Beijing, China
| | - Qionghai Dai
- Tsinghua University, Department of Automation, Haidian, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua University, Institute for Brain and Cognitive Science, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua University, Beijing Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Intelligence, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Multi-Dimension and Multi-Scale Computational Photography, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Tsinghua University, Department of Electronic Engineering, Haidian, Beijing, China
- Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chip, Beijing, China
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Gröhl J, Kirchner T, Adler TJ, Hacker L, Holzwarth N, Hernández-Aguilera A, Herrera MA, Santos E, Bohndiek SE, Maier-Hein L. Learned spectral decoloring enables photoacoustic oximetry. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6565. [PMID: 33753769 PMCID: PMC7985523 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of photoacoustic imaging to measure functional tissue properties, such as blood oxygenation sO[Formula: see text], enables a wide variety of possible applications. sO[Formula: see text] can be computed from the ratio of oxyhemoglobin HbO[Formula: see text] and deoxyhemoglobin Hb, which can be distuinguished by multispectral photoacoustic imaging due to their distinct wavelength-dependent absorption. However, current methods for estimating sO[Formula: see text] yield inaccurate results in realistic settings, due to the unknown and wavelength-dependent influence of the light fluence on the signal. In this work, we propose learned spectral decoloring to enable blood oxygenation measurements to be inferred from multispectral photoacoustic imaging. The method computes sO[Formula: see text] pixel-wise, directly from initial pressure spectra [Formula: see text], which represent initial pressure values at a fixed spatial location [Formula: see text] over all recorded wavelengths [Formula: see text]. The method is compared to linear unmixing approaches, as well as pO[Formula: see text] and blood gas analysis reference measurements. Experimental results suggest that the proposed method is able to obtain sO[Formula: see text] estimates from multispectral photoacoustic measurements in silico, in vitro, and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janek Gröhl
- Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Institute of Applied Physics, Biomedical Photonics, Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tim J Adler
- Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lina Hacker
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Niklas Holzwarth
- Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Mildred A Herrera
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Edgar Santos
- Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarah E Bohndiek
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Lena Maier-Hein
- Computer Assisted Medical Interventions, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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61
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Radiation: A New Multi-Disciplinary Open Access Journal for Advances in Radiation Technology. RADIATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/radiation1010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation is a perpetual part of our daily life [...]
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Bok T, Hysi E, Kolios MC. In vivo photoacoustic assessment of the oxygen saturation changes in the human radial artery: a preliminary study associated with age. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-200377R. [PMID: 33754541 PMCID: PMC7984962 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.3.036006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE We demonstrate the potential of probing the sO2 change under blood flow in vivo using photoacoustic (PA) imaging and sheds light on the complex relationship between RBC aggregation and oxygen delivery. AIM To conduct in vivo assessments of the sO2 in the radial artery of healthy volunteers and simultaneously probe the relation between the sO2 and hemodynamic behavior such as red blood cell (RBC) aggregation. APPROACH The effects of PA-based measurements of blood hemodynamics were studied as a function of the subjects' age (20s, 30s, and 40s). The pulsatile blood flow in the human radial artery of 12 healthy subjects was imaged in the 700 to 900 nm optical wavelength range using a linear array-based PA system. RESULTS The PA power when blood velocity is minimum (Pamax) was larger than the one attained at maximum blood velocity (Pamin), consistent with predictions based on the cyclical variation of RBC aggregation during pulsatile flow. The difference between Pamin and Pamax at 800 nm (ΔPa800) increased with age (1.7, 2.2, and 2.6 dB for age group of 20s, 30s, and 40s, respectively). The sO2 computed from Pamax was larger than the one from Pamin. CONCLUSIONS The ΔPa800 increased with participant age. The ΔPa800 metric could be a surrogate of noninvasively monitoring the age-induced changes in RBC aggregation. The sO2 change during a cycle of pulsatile blood flow also increased with age, demonstrating that RBC aggregation can affect the sO2 change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehoon Bok
- Ryerson University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, Toronto, Canada
- St. Michael’s Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Division of Nephrology, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eno Hysi
- St. Michael’s Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Division of Nephrology, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael C. Kolios
- Ryerson University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, Toronto, Canada
- St. Michael’s Hospital, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Division of Nephrology, Toronto, Canada
- Address all correspondence to Michael C. Kolios,
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63
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Cardinell K, Gupta N, Koivisto BD, Kumaradas JC, Zhou X, Irving H, Luciani P, Yücel YH. A novel photoacoustic-fluorescent contrast agent for quantitative imaging of lymphatic drainage. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2021; 21:100239. [PMID: 33520651 PMCID: PMC7820935 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2021.100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In vivo near-infrared (NIR) photoacoustic imaging (PAI) studies using novel contrast agents require validation, often via fluorescence imaging. Bioconjugation of NIR dyes to proteins is a versatile platform to obtain contrast agents for specific biomedical applications. Nonfluorescent NIR dyes with higher photostability present advantages for quantitative PAI, compared to most fluorescent NIR dyes. However, they don't provide a fluorescence signal required for fluorescence imaging. Here, we designed a hybrid PA-fluorescent contrast agent by conjugating albumin with a NIR nonfluorescent dye (QC-1) and a visible spectrum fluorescent dye, a BODIPY derivative. The new hybrid tracer QC-1/BSA/BODIPY (QBB) had a low minimum detectable concentration (2.5μM), a steep linear range (2.4-54.4 μM; slope 3.39 E -5), and high photostability. Tracer signal was measured in vivo using PAI to quantify its drainage from eye to the neck and its localization in the neck lymph node was validated with postmortem fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Cardinell
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neeru Gupta
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Glaucoma Unit, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bryan D. Koivisto
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J. Carl Kumaradas
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xun Zhou
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hyacinth Irving
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paola Luciani
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yeni H. Yücel
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), St. Michael’s Hospital, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Corresponding author at: Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, 30 Bond Street, 209 LKSKI Room 409, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.
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Han T, Yang M, Yang F, Zhao L, Jiang Y, Li C. A three-dimensional modeling method for quantitative photoacoustic breast imaging with handheld probe. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2021; 21:100222. [PMID: 33318929 PMCID: PMC7726342 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
By providing complementary functional information, photoacoustic (PA) breast imaging based on the handheld ultrasound (US) probe has demonstrated promising potential for breast cancer diagnosis. However, the quantitative PA imaging primarily relies on the knowledge of the optical fluence distribution in the three-dimensional (3D) heterogeneous breast tissue. Previous studies based on the handheld system generally provided two-dimensional (2D) B-scan results, which contains limited anatomical information of the tissue and the lesion. This study proposed a method to perform 3D modeling of the photon transportation for dual-modality PA/US system based on the local 3D breast anatomical information by scanning US probe. Then the calculated optical fluence distribution can be used for PA imaging. Our phantom and clinical pilot study results demonstrated that this method has potential to improve the accuracy of the quantitative PA breast imaging, and it can also be used in other clinical implementations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Han
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Lingyi Zhao
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Changhui Li
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Corresponding author.
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65
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Yang C, Lan H, Gao F, Gao F. Review of deep learning for photoacoustic imaging. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2021; 21:100215. [PMID: 33425679 PMCID: PMC7779783 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Machine learning has been developed dramatically and witnessed a lot of applications in various fields over the past few years. This boom originated in 2009, when a new model emerged, that is, the deep artificial neural network, which began to surpass other established mature models on some important benchmarks. Later, it was widely used in academia and industry. Ranging from image analysis to natural language processing, it fully exerted its magic and now become the state-of-the-art machine learning models. Deep neural networks have great potential in medical imaging technology, medical data analysis, medical diagnosis and other healthcare issues, and is promoted in both pre-clinical and even clinical stages. In this review, we performed an overview of some new developments and challenges in the application of machine learning to medical image analysis, with a special focus on deep learning in photoacoustic imaging. The aim of this review is threefold: (i) introducing deep learning with some important basics, (ii) reviewing recent works that apply deep learning in the entire ecological chain of photoacoustic imaging, from image reconstruction to disease diagnosis, (iii) providing some open source materials and other resources for researchers interested in applying deep learning to photoacoustic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchun Yang
- Hybrid Imaging System Laboratory, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Vision and Imaging, School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Shanghai, 200050, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hengrong Lan
- Hybrid Imaging System Laboratory, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Vision and Imaging, School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Shanghai, 200050, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Hybrid Imaging System Laboratory, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Vision and Imaging, School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Hybrid Imaging System Laboratory, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Vision and Imaging, School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
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66
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Razansky D, Klohs J, Ni R. Multi-scale optoacoustic molecular imaging of brain diseases. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 48:4152-4170. [PMID: 33594473 PMCID: PMC8566397 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability to non-invasively visualize endogenous chromophores and exogenous probes and sensors across the entire rodent brain with the high spatial and temporal resolution has empowered optoacoustic imaging modalities with unprecedented capacities for interrogating the brain under physiological and diseased conditions. This has rapidly transformed optoacoustic microscopy (OAM) and multi-spectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) into emerging research tools to study animal models of brain diseases. In this review, we describe the principles of optoacoustic imaging and showcase recent technical advances that enable high-resolution real-time brain observations in preclinical models. In addition, advanced molecular probe designs allow for efficient visualization of pathophysiological processes playing a central role in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors, and stroke. We describe outstanding challenges in optoacoustic imaging methodologies and propose a future outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Razansky
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, HIT E42.1, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Neuroscience Center (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Klohs
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, HIT E42.1, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Neuroscience Center (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruiqing Ni
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, HIT E42.1, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Zurich Neuroscience Center (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Uiversity of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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67
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Tang J, Kilic K, Szabo TL, Boas DA. Improved Color Doppler for Cerebral Blood Flow Axial Velocity Imaging. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2021; 40:758-764. [PMID: 33156785 PMCID: PMC8098776 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2020.3036468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Conventional color Doppler ultrasound imaging suffers from mutual frequency cancellation when applied to quantify axial blood flow velocities in the rodent brain where inverse flows exist within an ultrasound measurement voxel. Here, we report an improved color Doppler-based functional ultrasound imaging method (iCD-fUS) for axial blood flow velocity imaging of the rodent brain. By applying a directional filter and high frequency noise thresholding, iCD-fUS is able to accurately quantify blood flow velocities within the brain as validated with the ultrasound localization microscopy velocimetry method. We show that iCD-fUS is able to image and resolve the directional axial blood flow velocity throughout the entire coronal section of the brain at a temporal frame rate of up to 10 Hz with a spatial resolution of ~100 [Formula: see text]. We further applied iCD-fUS to image the axial blood flow velocity change in response to whisker stimulation in an awake mouse, showing its potential for studying brain activation. With these capabilities, iCD-fUS provides a powerful, quantitative tool for in vivo chronic research.
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68
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Jeng GS, Li ML, Kim M, Yoon SJ, Pitre JJ, Li DS, Pelivanov I, O’Donnell M. Real-time interleaved spectroscopic photoacoustic and ultrasound (PAUS) scanning with simultaneous fluence compensation and motion correction. Nat Commun 2021; 12:716. [PMID: 33514737 PMCID: PMC7846772 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-20947-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
For over two decades photoacoustic imaging has been tested clinically, but successful human trials have been limited. To enable quantitative clinical spectroscopy, the fundamental issues of wavelength-dependent fluence variations and inter-wavelength motion must be overcome. Here we propose a real-time, spectroscopic photoacoustic/ultrasound (PAUS) imaging approach using a compact, 1-kHz rate wavelength-tunable laser. Instead of illuminating tissue over a large area, the fiber-optic delivery system surrounding an US array sequentially scans a narrow laser beam, with partial PA image reconstruction for each laser pulse. The final image is then formed by coherently summing partial images. This scheme enables (i) automatic compensation for wavelength-dependent fluence variations in spectroscopic PA imaging and (ii) motion correction of spectroscopic PA frames using US speckle tracking in real-time systems. The 50-Hz video rate PAUS system is demonstrated in vivo using a murine model of labelled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng-Shi Jeng
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA ,grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Lin Li
- grid.38348.340000 0004 0532 0580Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan ,grid.38348.340000 0004 0532 0580Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - MinWoo Kim
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Soon Joon Yoon
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - John J. Pitre
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - David S. Li
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Ivan Pelivanov
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Matthew O’Donnell
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
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69
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Oxygen Saturation Imaging Using LED-Based Photoacoustic System. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21010283. [PMID: 33406653 PMCID: PMC7795655 DOI: 10.3390/s21010283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen saturation imaging has potential in several preclinical and clinical applications. Dual-wavelength LED array-based photoacoustic oxygen saturation imaging can be an affordable solution in this case. For the translation of this technology, there is a need to improve its accuracy and validate it against ground truth methods. We propose a fluence compensated oxygen saturation imaging method, utilizing structural information from the ultrasound image, and prior knowledge of the optical properties of the tissue with a Monte-Carlo based light propagation model for the dual-wavelength LED array configuration. We then validate the proposed method with oximeter measurements in tissue-mimicking phantoms. Further, we demonstrate in vivo imaging on small animal and a human subject. We conclude that the proposed oxygen saturation imaging can be used to image tissue at a depth of 6–8 mm in both preclinical and clinical applications.
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70
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Lin L, Wang LV. Photoacoustic Imaging. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 3233:147-175. [PMID: 34053027 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-7627-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an emerging imaging modality that shows great potential for preclinical research and clinical practice. As a hybrid technique, PAI uniquely combines the advantages of optical excitation and of acoustic detection. Optical excitation provides a rich contrast mechanism from either endogenous or exogenous chromophores, allowing PAI to perform biochemical, functional, and molecular imaging. Acoustic detection benefits from the low scattering of ultrasound in biological tissue, enabling PAI to generate high-resolution images in both the optical ballistic and diffusive regimes. Accordingly, this hybrid imaging modality features high sensitivity to optical absorption and wide scalability of spatial resolution with the desired imaging depth. Over the past two decades, the photoacoustic technique has led to a variety of exciting discoveries and applications from laboratory research to clinical patient care. In biological research, PAI has become an irreplaceable tool, providing functional optical contrast with high spatiotemporal resolution. Translational PAI also attracted growing interest in clinical applications including tumor margin examination, internal organ imaging, breast cancer screening, and sentinel lymph node mapping, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Caltech Optical Imaging Laboratory, Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Lihong V Wang
- Caltech Optical Imaging Laboratory, Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA. .,Caltech Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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71
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Photoacoustic Molecular Imaging: Principles and Practice. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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72
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Yang JM, Ghim CM. Photoacoustic Tomography Opening New Paradigms in Biomedical Imaging. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1310:239-341. [PMID: 33834440 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-6064-8_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
After the emergence of the ultrasound, X-ray CT, PET, and MRI, photoacoustic tomography (PAT) is now in the phase of its exponential growth, with its expected full maturation being another form of mainstream clinical imaging modality. By combining the high contrast benefit of optical imaging and the high-resolution deep imaging capability of ultrasound, PAT can provide unprecedented anatomical image contrasts at clinically relevant depths as well as enable the use of a variety of functional and molecular imaging information, which is not possible with conventional imaging modalities. With these strengths, PAT has achieved numerous breakthroughs in various biomedical applications and also provided new technical platforms that may be able to resolve unmet issues in clinics. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the development of PAT technology for several major biomedical applications and provide an approximate projection of the future of PAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Mo Yang
- Center for Photoacoustic Medical Instruments, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheol-Min Ghim
- Department of Physics, School of Natural Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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73
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Li M, Nyayapathi N, Kilian HI, Xia J, Lovell JF, Yao J. Sound Out the Deep Colors: Photoacoustic Molecular Imaging at New Depths. Mol Imaging 2020; 19:1536012120981518. [PMID: 33336621 PMCID: PMC7750763 DOI: 10.1177/1536012120981518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) has become increasingly popular for molecular imaging due to its unique optical absorption contrast, high spatial resolution, deep imaging depth, and high imaging speed. Yet, the strong optical attenuation of biological tissues has traditionally prevented PAT from penetrating more than a few centimeters and limited its application for studying deeply seated targets. A variety of PAT technologies have been developed to extend the imaging depth, including employing deep-penetrating microwaves and X-ray photons as excitation sources, delivering the light to the inside of the organ, reshaping the light wavefront to better focus into scattering medium, as well as improving the sensitivity of ultrasonic transducers. At the same time, novel optical fluence mapping algorithms and image reconstruction methods have been developed to improve the quantitative accuracy of PAT, which is crucial to recover weak molecular signals at larger depths. The development of highly-absorbing near-infrared PA molecular probes has also flourished to provide high sensitivity and specificity in studying cellular processes. This review aims to introduce the recent developments in deep PA molecular imaging, including novel imaging systems, image processing methods and molecular probes, as well as their representative biomedical applications. Existing challenges and future directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mucong Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 3065Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nikhila Nyayapathi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 12292University of Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Hailey I Kilian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 12292University of Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jun Xia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 12292University of Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 12292University of Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Junjie Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 3065Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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74
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Huda K, Wu C, Sider JG, Bayer CL. Spherical-view photoacoustic tomography for monitoring in vivo placental function. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2020; 20:100209. [PMID: 33101927 PMCID: PMC7569225 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic tomography has great potential to image dynamic functional changes in vivo. Many tomographic systems are built with a circular view geometry, necessitating a linear translation along one axis of the subject to obtain a three-dimensional volume. In this work, we evaluated a prototype spherical view photoacoustic tomographic system which acquires a 3D volume in a single scan, without linear translation. We simultaneously measured relative hemoglobin oxygen saturation in multiple placentas of pregnant mice under oxygen challenge. We also synthesized a folate-conjugated indocyanine green (ICG) contrast agent to image folate kinetics in the placenta. Photoacoustic tomography performed at the wavelength of peak optical absorption of our contrast agent revealed increased ICG signal over time. Through these phantom and in vivo studies, we have demonstrated that the spherical view 3D photoacoustic tomographic system achieves high sensitivity and fast image acquisition, enabling in vivo experiments to assess physiological and molecular dynamics.
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75
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Nafiujjaman M, Chung SJ, Kalashnikova I, Hill ML, Homa S, George J, Contag CH, Kim T. Biodegradable Hollow Manganese Silicate Nanocomposites to Alleviate Tumor Hypoxia toward Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7989-7999. [PMID: 35019538 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been extensively explored as a minimally invasive treatment strategy for malignant cancers. It works with the help of a photosensitizer located within cancer cells that is irradiated by near-infrared light to produce potent toxins and singlet oxygen (1O2) and induce cell death. However, reactive oxygen species can be overexpressed in tumor tissue because of the rapid metabolic activity in cancer cells, and the insufficient oxygenation (hypoxia) can lead to low production of singlet oxygen (1O2) during PDT. In this study, we developed nanocomposites composed of a hollow manganese silicate (HMnOSi) nanoparticle and a photosensitizer (Ce6) that can generate significant amounts of O2 to relieve tumor hypoxia and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of PDT. Our nanocomposites were characterized by UV-vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray, and dynamic light scattering. Our particles' hollow mesoporous structures were shown to retain large amounts of Ce6 on the particle surface with high loading capacity (33%). TEM imaging showed that the nanoparticles could be biodegradable over time in simulated body fluid, which can imply clinical potentials. Significant H2O2 quenching capabilities to alleviate hypoxic conditions in a solid tumor were also presented. For breast cancer cells, the nanocomposite-treated group revealed that 91% of cells were dead under laser activation compared to 51% for the control group (free Ce6). In an animal study, our nanocomposites showed almost fourfold tumor growth inhibition versus the control and more than twofold over free Ce6 in orthotopic tumor xenografts. In addition, the oxygen saturation contrast inside tumors was evaluated by photoacoustic imaging to demonstrate the alleviated hypoxia in vivo. Our works provide a smart nanosystem to ameliorate the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and augment the efficacy of PDT in a targeted cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nafiujjaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Seock-Jin Chung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Irina Kalashnikova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Meghan L Hill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Silver Homa
- Department of Biological, Physical, and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
| | - Jeron George
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering and Department of Human Biology, Lyman Briggs Honors College, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Christopher H Contag
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Taeho Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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76
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Olefir I, Tzoumas S, Restivo C, Mohajerani P, Xing L, Ntziachristos V. Deep Learning-Based Spectral Unmixing for Optoacoustic Imaging of Tissue Oxygen Saturation. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2020; 39:3643-3654. [PMID: 32746111 PMCID: PMC7671861 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2020.3001750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Label free imaging of oxygenation distribution in tissues is highly desired in numerous biomedical applications, but is still elusive, in particular in sub-epidermal measurements. Eigenspectra multispectral optoacoustic tomography (eMSOT) and its Bayesian-based implementation have been introduced to offer accurate label-free blood oxygen saturation (sO2) maps in tissues. The method uses the eigenspectra model of light fluence in tissue to account for the spectral changes due to the wavelength dependent attenuation of light with tissue depth. eMSOT relies on the solution of an inverse problem bounded by a number of ad hoc hand-engineered constraints. Despite the quantitative advantage offered by eMSOT, both the non-convex nature of the optimization problem and the possible sub-optimality of the constraints may lead to reduced accuracy. We present herein a neural network architecture that is able to learn how to solve the inverse problem of eMSOT by directly regressing from a set of input spectra to the desired fluence values. The architecture is composed of a combination of recurrent and convolutional layers and uses both spectral and spatial features for inference. We train an ensemble of such networks using solely simulated data and demonstrate how this approach can improve the accuracy of sO2 computation over the original eMSOT, not only in simulations but also in experimental datasets obtained from blood phantoms and small animals (mice) in vivo. The use of a deep-learning approach in optoacoustic sO2 imaging is confirmed herein for the first time on ground truth sO2 values experimentally obtained in vivo and ex vivo.
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77
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Hu P, Li L, Lin L, Wang LV. Spatiotemporal Antialiasing in Photoacoustic Computed Tomography. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2020; 39:3535-3547. [PMID: 32746101 PMCID: PMC7654731 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2020.2998509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) based on a full-ring ultrasonic transducer array is widely used for small animal wholebody and human organ imaging, thanks to its high in-plane resolution and full-view fidelity. However, spatial aliasing in full-ring geometry PACT has not been studied in detail. If the spatial Nyquist criterion is not met, aliasing in spatial sampling causes artifacts in reconstructed images, even when the temporal Nyquist criterion has been satisfied. In this work, we clarified the source of spatial aliasing through spatiotemporal analysis. We demonstrated that the combination of spatial interpolation and temporal filtering can effectively mitigate artifacts caused by aliasing in either image reconstruction or spatial sampling, and we validated this method by both numerical simulations and in vivo experiments.
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78
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Liapis E, Klemm U, Karlas A, Reber J, Ntziachristos V. Resolution of Spatial and Temporal Heterogeneity in Bevacizumab-Treated Breast Tumors by Eigenspectra Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography. Cancer Res 2020; 80:5291-5304. [PMID: 32994204 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding temporal and spatial hemodynamic heterogeneity as a function of tumor growth or therapy affects the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, we employed eigenspectra multispectral optoacoustic tomography (eMSOT) as a next-generation optoacoustic method to impart high accuracy in resolving tumor hemodynamics during bevacizumab therapy in two types of breast cancer xenografts (KPL-4 and MDA-MB-468). Patterns of tumor total hemoglobin concentration (THb) and oxygen saturation (sO2) were imaged in control and bevacizumab-treated tumors over the course of 58 days (KPL-4) and 16 days (MDA-MB-468), and the evolution of functional vasculature "normalization" was resolved macroscopically. An initial sharp drop in tumor sO2 and THb content shortly after the initiation of bevacizumab treatment was followed by a recovery in oxygenation levels. Rim-core subregion analysis revealed steep spatial oxygenation gradients in growing tumors that were reduced after bevacizumab treatment. Critically, eMSOT imaging findings were validated directly by histopathologic assessment of hypoxia (pimonidazole) and vascularity (CD31). These data demonstrate how eMSOT brings new abilities for accurate observation of entire tumor responses to challenges at spatial and temporal dimensions not available by other techniques today. SIGNIFICANCE: Accurate assessment of hypoxia and vascularization over space and time is critical for understanding tumor development and the role of spatial heterogeneity in tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, and response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Liapis
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Uwe Klemm
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Angelos Karlas
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Biological Imaging, TranslaTUM Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Josefine Reber
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Biological Imaging, TranslaTUM Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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79
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A submicrometre silicon-on-insulator resonator for ultrasound detection. Nature 2020; 585:372-378. [PMID: 32939068 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2685-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound detectors use high-frequency sound waves to image objects and measure distances, but the resolution of these readings is limited by the physical dimensions of the detecting element. Point-like broadband ultrasound detection can greatly increase the resolution of ultrasonography and optoacoustic (photoacoustic) imaging1,2, but current ultrasound detectors, such as those used for medical imaging, cannot be miniaturized sufficiently. Piezoelectric transducers lose sensitivity quadratically with size reduction3, and optical microring resonators4 and Fabry-Pérot etalons5 cannot adequately confine light to dimensions smaller than about 50 micrometres. Micromachining methods have been used to generate arrays of capacitive6 and piezoelectric7 transducers, but with bandwidths of only a few megahertz and dimensions exceeding 70 micrometres. Here we use the widely available silicon-on-insulator technology to develop a miniaturized ultrasound detector, with a sensing area of only 220 nanometres by 500 nanometres. The silicon-on-insulator-based optical resonator design provides per-area sensitivity that is 1,000 times higher than that of microring resonators and 100,000,000 times better than that of piezoelectric detectors. Our design also enables an ultrawide detection bandwidth, reaching 230 megahertz at -6 decibels. In addition to making the detectors suitable for manufacture in very dense arrays, we show that the submicrometre sensing area enables super-resolution detection and imaging performance. We demonstrate imaging of features 50 times smaller than the wavelength of ultrasound detected. Our detector enables ultra-miniaturization of ultrasound readings, enabling ultrasound imaging at a resolution comparable to that achieved with optical microscopy, and potentially enabling the development of very dense ultrasound arrays on a silicon chip.
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80
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Yang H, Jüstel D, Prakash J, Karlas A, Helfen A, Masthoff M, Wildgruber M, Ntziachristos V. Soft ultrasound priors in optoacoustic reconstruction: Improving clinical vascular imaging. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2020; 19:100172. [PMID: 32280585 PMCID: PMC7139114 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Using the same ultrasound detector, hybrid optoacoustic-ultrasound (OPUS) imaging provides concurrent scans of tissue slices or volumes and visualizes complementary sound- and light-based contrast at similar resolutions. In addition to the benefit of hybrid contrast, spatial co-registration enables images from one modality to be employed as prior information for improving an aspect of the performance of the other modality. We consider herein a handheld OPUS system and utilize structural information from ultrasound images to guide regional Laplacian regularization-based reconstruction of optoacoustic images. Using phantoms and data from OPUS scans of human radial and carotid arteries, we show that ultrasound-driven optoacoustic inversion reduces limited-view artefacts and improves image contrast. In phantoms, prior-integrated reconstruction leads to a 50 % higher contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the image than standard reconstruction, and a 17 % higher structural similarity (SSIM) index. In clinical data, prior-integrated reconstruction detects deep-seated radial arteries with higher CNR than the standard method at three different depths. In this way, the prior-integrated method offers unique insights into atherosclerotic carotid plaques in humans (with p<0.01 between patients and healthy volunteers), potentially paving the way for new abilities in vascular imaging and more generally in optoacoustic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging and TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Dominik Jüstel
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging and TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Jaya Prakash
- Dept. of Instrumentation and Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Science, C. V. Raman Road, 560012, Bangalore, India
| | - Angelos Karlas
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging and TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, München, Germany
| | - Anne Helfen
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, A16, 49149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Max Masthoff
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, A16, 49149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Moritz Wildgruber
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, A16, 49149, Muenster, Germany
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Radiologie, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging and TranslaTUM, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
- Corresponding author at: Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
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81
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Balasundaram G, Goh Y, Moothanchery M, Attia A, Lim HQ, Burton NC, Qiu Y, Putti TC, Chan CW, Hartmann M, Quek ST, Olivo M. Optoacoustic characterization of breast conserving surgery specimens - A pilot study. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2020; 19:100164. [PMID: 32420026 PMCID: PMC7215246 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In this pilot study, we tested an ultrasound-guided optoacoustic tomography (US-OT) two-dimensional (2D) array scanner to understand the optoacoustic patterns of excised breastconserving surgery (BCS) specimens. We imaged 14 BCS specimens containing malignant tumors at eight wavelengths spanning 700-1100 nm. Spectral unmixing across multiple wavelengths allowed for visualizing major intrinsic chromophores in the breast tissue including hemoglobin and lipid up to a depth of 7 mm. We identified less/no lipid signals within the tumor and intense deoxy-hemoglobin (Hb) signals on the rim of the tumor as unique characteristics of malignant tumors in comparison to no tumor region. We also observed continuous broad lipid signals as features of negative margins and compromised lipid signals interrupted by vasculature as features of positive margins. These differentiating patterns can form the basis of US-OT to be explored as an alternate, fast and efficient intraoperative method for evaluation of tumor resection margins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yonggeng Goh
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Mohesh Moothanchery
- Laboratory of Bio-Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore
| | - Amalina Attia
- Laboratory of Bio-Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore
| | - Hann Qian Lim
- Laboratory of Bio-Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore
| | | | - Yi Qiu
- iThera Medical GmbH, Germany
| | | | - Ching Wan Chan
- Department of Breast Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Mikael Hartmann
- Department of Breast Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Swee Tian Quek
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Malini Olivo
- Laboratory of Bio-Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore
- Corresponding author at: Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC). A⁎STAR Research Entities, 11 Biopolis Way, #02-02 Helios, 138667, Singapore.
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82
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Fadhel MN, Hysi E, Assi H, Kolios MC. Fluence-matching technique using photoacoustic radiofrequency spectra for improving estimates of oxygen saturation. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2020; 19:100182. [PMID: 32547922 PMCID: PMC7284135 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA) signals encode information about the optical absorption and spatial distribution of absorbing chromophores as well as the light distribution in the medium. The wavelength dependence of the latter affects the accuracy in chromophore quantification, including estimations of oxygen saturation (sO2) with depth. We propose the use of the ratio of the PA radiofrequency (RF) spectral slopes (SS) at different optical wavelengths to generate frequency filters which can be used to match the fluence profiles across separate images generated with different optical wavelengths. Proof-of-principle experiments were carried on a plastic tube with blood of a known oxygenation inserted into a porcine tissue. The algorithm was tested in-vivo in the hind leg of six CD1 mice, each under three different breathing conditions (100 % O2, room air and 100 % CO2). Imaging was done using the VevoLAZR system at the wavelengths 720 and 870 nm. The SS was calculated from the linear fit of the ratio of the photoacoustic RF power spectra at the two wavelengths. An ultrasound frequency filter was designed and applied to each segmented PA signal in the frequency domain and inversely transformed into the time domain to correct for the differences in the fluence profiles at both wavelengths. Linear spectral unmixing was used to estimate sO2 before and after applying the ultrasound frequency filter. The estimated blood sO2 in the plastic tube for the porcine tissue experiment improved by 10.3% after applying the frequency filter when compared to the sO2 measured by a blood gas analyzer. For the in-vivo mouse experiments, the applied sO2 correction was 2.67, 1.33 and -3.33% for every mm of muscle tissue for mice breathing 100% O2, room air and 100% CO2, respectively. The approach presented here provides a new approach for fluence matching that can potentially improve the accuracy of sO2 estimates by removing the fluence depth dependence at different optical wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhannad N. Fadhel
- Ryerson University, Department of Physics, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, Keenan Research Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eno Hysi
- Ryerson University, Department of Physics, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, Keenan Research Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hisham Assi
- Ryerson University, Department of Physics, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, Keenan Research Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael C. Kolios
- Ryerson University, Department of Physics, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology, Keenan Research Center, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
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83
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Tang J, Postnov DD, Kilic K, Erdener SE, Lee B, Giblin JT, Szabo TL, Boas DA. Functional Ultrasound Speckle Decorrelation-Based Velocimetry of the Brain. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001044. [PMID: 32999839 PMCID: PMC7509671 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A high-speed, contrast-free, quantitative ultrasound velocimetry (vUS) for blood flow velocity imaging throughout the rodent brain is developed based on the normalized first-order temporal autocorrelation function of the ultrasound field signal. vUS is able to quantify blood flow velocity in both transverse and axial directions, and is validated with numerical simulation, phantom experiments, and in vivo measurements. The functional imaging ability of vUS is demonstrated by monitoring the blood flow velocity changes during whisker stimulation in awake mice. Compared to existing Power-Doppler- and Color-Doppler-based functional ultrasound imaging techniques, vUS shows quantitative accuracy in estimating both axial and transverse flow speeds and resistance to acoustic attenuation and high-frequency noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Tang
- Neurophotonics CenterDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
| | - Dmitry D. Postnov
- Neurophotonics CenterDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
- Biomedical Sciences InstituteCopenhagen UniversityCopenhagen2200Denmark
| | - Kivilcim Kilic
- Neurophotonics CenterDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
| | - Sefik Evren Erdener
- Neurophotonics CenterDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
| | - Blaire Lee
- Neurophotonics CenterDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
| | - John T. Giblin
- Neurophotonics CenterDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
| | - Thomas L. Szabo
- Neurophotonics CenterDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
| | - David A. Boas
- Neurophotonics CenterDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMA02215USA
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84
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Kim M, Jeng GS, O’Donnell M, Pelivanov I. Correction of wavelength-dependent laser fluence in swept-beam spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging with a hand-held probe. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2020; 19:100192. [PMID: 32670789 PMCID: PMC7339128 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we demonstrated an integrated photoacoustic (PA) and ultrasound (PAUS) system using a kHz-rate wavelength-tunable laser and a swept-beam delivery approach. It irradiates a medium using a narrow laser beam swept at high repetition rate (∼1 kHz) over the desired imaging area, in contrast to the conventional PA approach using broad-beam illumination at a low repetition rate (10-50 Hz). Here, we present a method to correct the wavelength-dependent fluence distribution and demonstrate its performance in phantom studies using a conventional limited view/bandwidth hand-held US probe. We adopted analytic fluence models, extending diffusion theory for the case of a pencil beam obliquely incident on an optically homogenous turbid medium, and developed a robust method to estimate fluence attenuation in the medium using PA measurements acquired from multiple fiber-irradiation positions swept at a kHz rate. We conducted comprehensive simulation tests and phantom studies using well-known contrast-agents to validate the reliability of the fluence model and its spectral corrections.
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Affiliation(s)
- MinWoo Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Geng-Shi Jeng
- Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Matthew O’Donnell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Ivan Pelivanov
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
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85
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Hacker L, Brunker J, Smith ESJ, Quiros-Gonzalez I, Bohndiek SE. Photoacoustics resolves species-specific differences in hemoglobin concentration and oxygenation. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:JBO-200056RR. [PMID: 32888263 PMCID: PMC7471783 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.9.095002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) enables the detection of blood hemoglobin (HB) concentration and oxygenation (sO2) with high contrast and resolution. Despite the heavy use of photoacoustically determined total hemoglobin (THb) and oxygenation (sO2) biomarkers in PAI research, their relationship with underlying biochemical blood parameters and the impact of intra- and interspecies genetic variability have yet to be established. AIM To explore the relationship between THb and sO2 photoacoustic biomarkers and the underlying biochemical blood parameters in a species-specific manner. APPROACH Experiments were performed on blood in vitro using tissue-mimicking agar phantoms. Blood was extracted from mouse, rat, human, and naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber), anticoagulated in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and measured within 48 h. THb and sO2 were measured using a commercial photoacoustic tomography system (InVision 128, iThera Medical GmBH). Biochemical blood parameters such as HB concentration (g/dL), hematocrit (HCT, %), and red blood cell (RBC) count (μL - 1) were assessed using a hematology analyzer (Mythic 18 Vet, Woodley Equipment). RESULTS A significant correlation was observed between THb and biochemical HB, HCT, and RBC in mouse and rat blood. Moreover, PAI accurately recapitulated interspecies variations in HB and HCT between mouse and rat blood and resolved differences in the oxygen dissociation curves measured using sO2 between human, mouse, and rat. With these validation data in hand, we applied PAI to studies of blood obtained from naked mole-rats and could confirm the high oxygen affinity of this species in comparison to other rodents of similar size. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the high sensitivity of photoacoustically determined hemoglobin biomarkers toward species-specific variations in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Hacker
- University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna Brunker
- University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ewan St. John Smith
- University of Cambridge, Department of Pharmacology, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Isabel Quiros-Gonzalez
- University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E. Bohndiek
- University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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86
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Zhou X, Akhlaghi N, Wear KA, Garra BS, Pfefer TJ, Vogt WC. Evaluation of Fluence Correction Algorithms in Multispectral Photoacoustic Imaging. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2020; 19:100181. [PMID: 32405456 PMCID: PMC7210453 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Multispectral photoacoustic imaging (MPAI) is a promising emerging diagnostic technology, but fluence artifacts can degrade device performance. Our goal was to develop well-validated phantom-based test methods for evaluating and comparing MPAI fluence correction algorithms, including a heuristic diffusion approximation, Monte Carlo simulations, and an algorithm we developed based on novel application of the diffusion dipole model (DDM). Phantoms simulated a range of breast-mimicking optical properties and contained channels filled with chromophore solutions (ink, hemoglobin, or copper sulfate) or connected to a previously developed blood flow circuit providing tunable oxygen saturation (SO2). The DDM algorithm achieved similar spectral recovery and SO2 measurement accuracy to Monte Carlo-based corrections with lower computational cost, potentially providing an accurate, real-time correction approach. Algorithms were sensitive to optical property uncertainty, but error was minimized by matching phantom albedo. The developed test methods may provide a foundation for standardized assessment of MPAI fluence correction algorithm performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Zhou
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 02742, United States
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - Nima Akhlaghi
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - Keith A. Wear
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - Brian S. Garra
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - T. Joshua Pfefer
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - William C. Vogt
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
- Corresponding author.
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87
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Pirovano G, Roberts S, Kossatz S, Reiner T. Optical Imaging Modalities: Principles and Applications in Preclinical Research and Clinical Settings. J Nucl Med 2020; 61:1419-1427. [PMID: 32764124 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.238279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With the ability to noninvasively image and monitor molecular processes within tumors, molecular imaging represents a fundamental tool for cancer scientists. In the current review, we describe emergent optical technologies for molecular imaging. We aim to provide the reader with an overview of the fundamental principles on which each imaging strategy is based, to introduce established and future applications, and to provide a rationale for selecting optical technologies for molecular imaging depending on disease location, biology, and anatomy. To accelerate clinical translation of imaging techniques, we also describe examples of practical applications in patients. Elevating these techniques into standard-of-care tools will transform patient stratification, disease monitoring, and response evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Pirovano
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sheryl Roberts
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Susanne Kossatz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Reiner
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York .,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; and.,Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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88
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Mahmoodkalayeh S, Zarei M, Ansari MA, Kratkiewicz K, Ranjbaran M, Manwar R, Avanaki K. Improving vascular imaging with co-planar mutually guided photoacoustic and diffuse optical tomography: a simulation study. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:4333-4347. [PMID: 32923047 PMCID: PMC7449743 DOI: 10.1364/boe.385017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) and photoacoustic tomography (PAT) are functional imaging modalities that provide absorption coefficient maps of the tissue. Spatial resolution of DOT is relatively low due to light scattering characteristics of the tissue. On the other hand, although PAT can resolve regions of different absorptions with a high spatial resolution, measuring the absolute value of optical absorptions using PAT is challenging due to unknown light fluence distribution in the tissue. Development of image guidance techniques using a priori information of imaging target structure has been shown to increase the accuracy of DOT. PAT is one such method that can be used as a complementary modality to serve as a guide for DOT image reconstruction. On the other hand, estimated fluence map provided by DOT can be used to quantitatively correct PAT images. In this study we introduce a mutually-guided imaging system for fast and simultaneous optical and photoacoustic measurements of tissue absorption map, where DOT is guided by the PAT image and vice versa. Using the obtained absorption map of the tissue, we then estimate the tissue scattering map. We conducted this study using a series of simulations on digital phantoms and demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehrdad Zarei
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839 69411, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ansari
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19839 69411, Iran
| | - Karl Kratkiewicz
- Wayne State University, Bioengineering Department, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Mohsen Ranjbaran
- Department of Physics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Rayyan Manwar
- Wayne State University, Bioengineering Department, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Kamran Avanaki
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
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89
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Mc Larney B, Hutter MA, Degtyaruk O, Deán-Ben XL, Razansky D. Monitoring of Stimulus Evoked Murine Somatosensory Cortex Hemodynamic Activity With Volumetric Multi-Spectral Optoacoustic Tomography. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:536. [PMID: 32581686 PMCID: PMC7283916 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory stimulation is an attractive paradigm for studying brain activity using various optical-, ultrasound- and MRI-based functional neuroimaging methods. Optoacoustics has been recently suggested as a powerful new tool for scalable mapping of multiple hemodynamic parameters with rich contrast and previously unachievable spatio-temporal resolution. Yet, its utility for studying the processing of peripheral inputs at the whole brain level has so far not been quantified. We employed volumetric multi-spectral optoacoustic tomography (vMSOT) to non-invasively monitor the HbO, HbR, and HbT dynamics across the mouse somatosensory cortex evoked by electrical paw stimuli. We show that elevated contralateral activation is preserved in the HbO map (invisible to MRI) under isoflurane anesthesia. Brain activation is shown to be predominantly confined to the somatosensory cortex, with strongest activation in the hindpaw region of the contralateral sensorimotor cortex. Furthermore, vMSOT detected the presence of an initial dip in the contralateral hindpaw region in the delta HbO channel. Sensorimotor cortical activity was identified over all other regions in HbT and HbO but not in HbR. Pearson’s correlation mapping enabled localizing the response to the sensorimotor cortex further highlighting the ability of vMSOT to bridge over imaging performance deficiencies of other functional neuroimaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Mc Larney
- Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Oleksiy Degtyaruk
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xosé Luís Deán-Ben
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Razansky
- Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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90
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Karlas A, Kallmayer M, Fasoula NA, Liapis E, Bariotakis M, Krönke M, Anastasopoulou M, Reber J, Eckstein HH, Ntziachristos V. Multispectral optoacoustic tomography of muscle perfusion and oxygenation under arterial and venous occlusion: A human pilot study. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201960169. [PMID: 32134550 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201960169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Perfusion and oxygenation are critical parameters of muscle metabolism in health and disease. They have been both the target of many studies, in particular using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). However, difficulties with quantifying NIRS signals have limited a wide dissemination of the method to the clinics. Our aim was to investigate whether clinical multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) could enable the label-free imaging of muscle perfusion and oxygenation under clinically relevant challenges: the arterial and venous occlusion. We employed a hybrid clinical MSOT/ultrasound system equipped with a hand-held scanning probe to visualize hemodynamic and oxygenation changes in skeletal muscle under arterial and venous occlusions. Four (N = 4) healthy volunteers were scanned over the forearm for both 3-minute occlusion challenges. MSOT-recorded pathophysiologically expected results during tests of disturbed blood flow with high resolution and without the need for contrast agents. During arterial occlusion, MSOT-extracted Hb-values showed an increase, while HbO2 - and total blood volume (TBV)-values remained roughly steady, followed by a discrete increase during the hyperemic period after cuff deflation. During venous occlusion, results showed a clear increase in intramuscular HbO2 , Hb and TBV within the segmented muscle area. MSOT was found to be capable of label-free non-invasive imaging of muscle hemodynamics and oxygenation under arterial and venous occlusion. We introduce herein MSOT as a novel modality for the assessment of vascular disorders characterized by disturbed blood flow, such as acute limb ischemia and venous thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Karlas
- Chair for Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
- Clinic of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Kallmayer
- Clinic of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolina-Alexia Fasoula
- Chair for Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Evangelos Liapis
- Chair for Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michail Bariotakis
- Chair for Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Markus Krönke
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Germany
| | - Maria Anastasopoulou
- Chair for Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Josefine Reber
- Chair for Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Clinic of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Chair for Biological Imaging, Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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91
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Ulrich L, Held KG, Jaeger M, Frenz M, Akarçay HG. Reliability assessment for blood oxygen saturation levels measured with optoacoustic imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:1-15. [PMID: 32323509 PMCID: PMC7175414 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.4.046005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Quantitative optoacoustic (OA) imaging has the potential to provide blood oxygen saturation (SO2) estimates due to the proportionality between the measured signal and the blood's absorption coefficient. However, due to the wavelength-dependent attenuation of light in tissue, a spectral correction of the OA signals is required, and a prime challenge is the validation of both the optical characterization of the tissue and the SO2. AIM We propose to assess the reliability of SO2 levels retrieved from spectral fitting by measuring the similarity of OA spectra to the fitted blood absorption spectra. APPROACH We introduce a metric that quantifies the trends of blood spectra by assigning a pair of spectral slopes to each spectrum. The applicability of the metric is illustrated with in vivo measurements on a human forearm. RESULTS We show that physiologically sound SO2 values do not necessarily imply a successful spectral correction and demonstrate how the metric can be used to distinguish SO2 values that are trustworthy from unreliable ones. CONCLUSIONS The metric is independent of the methods used for the OA data acquisition, image reconstruction, and spectral correction, thus it can be readily combined with existing approaches, in order to monitor the accuracy of quantitative OA imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Ulrich
- University of Bern, Institute of Applied Physics, Biomedical Photonics, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kai Gerrit Held
- University of Bern, Institute of Applied Physics, Biomedical Photonics, Bern, Switzerland
- ABB Switzerland, Corporate Research, Baden-Daettwil, Switzerland
| | - Michael Jaeger
- University of Bern, Institute of Applied Physics, Biomedical Photonics, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Frenz
- University of Bern, Institute of Applied Physics, Biomedical Photonics, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hidayet Günhan Akarçay
- University of Bern, Institute of Applied Physics, Biomedical Photonics, Bern, Switzerland
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92
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Kimm MA, Tzoumas S, Glasl S, Omar M, Symvoulidis P, Olefir I, Rummeny EJ, Meier R, Ntziachristos V. Longitudinal imaging of T cell-based immunotherapy with multi-spectral, multi-scale optoacoustic tomography. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4903. [PMID: 32184401 PMCID: PMC7078227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61191-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Most imaging studies of immunotherapy have focused on tracking labeled T cell biodistribution in vivo for understanding trafficking and homing parameters and predicting therapeutic efficacy by the presence of transferred T cells at or in the tumour mass. Conversely, we investigate here a novel concept for longitudinally elucidating anatomical and pathophysiological changes of solid tumours after adoptive T cell transfer in a preclinical set up, using previously unexplored in-tandem macroscopic and mesoscopic optoacoustic (photoacoustic) imaging. We show non-invasive in vivo observations of vessel collapse during tumour rejection across entire tumours and observe for the first time longitudinal tumour rejection in a label-free manner based on optical absorption changes in the tumour mass due to cellular decline. We complement these observations with high resolution episcopic fluorescence imaging of T cell biodistribution using optimized T cell labeling based on two near-infrared dyes targeting the cell membrane and the cytoplasm. We discuss how optoacoustic macroscopy and mesoscopy offer unique contrast and immunotherapy insights, allowing label-free and longitudinal observations of tumour therapy. The results demonstrate optoacoustic imaging as an invaluable tool in understanding and optimizing T cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A Kimm
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stratis Tzoumas
- Chair for Biological Imaging, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Glasl
- Chair for Biological Imaging, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Murad Omar
- Chair for Biological Imaging, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Symvoulidis
- Chair for Biological Imaging, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ivan Olefir
- Chair for Biological Imaging, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ernst J Rummeny
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Meier
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Chair for Biological Imaging, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. .,Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
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93
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Buchmann J, Kaplan B, Powell S, Prohaska S, Laufer J. Quantitative PA tomography of high resolution 3-D images: Experimental validation in a tissue phantom. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2020; 17:100157. [PMID: 31956487 PMCID: PMC6961715 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2019.100157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative photoacoustic tomography aims to recover the spatial distribution of absolute chromophore concentrations and their ratios from deep tissue, high-resolution images. In this study, a model-based inversion scheme based on a Monte-Carlo light transport model is experimentally validated on 3-D multispectral images of a tissue phantom acquired using an all-optical scanner with a planar detection geometry. A calibrated absorber allowed scaling of the measured data during the inversion, while an acoustic correction method was employed to compensate the effects of limited view detection. Chromophore- and fluence-dependent step sizes and Adam optimization were implemented to achieve rapid convergence. High resolution 3-D maps of absolute concentrations and their ratios were recovered with high accuracy. Potential applications of this method include quantitative functional and molecular photoacoustic tomography of deep tissue in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Buchmann
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17, Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kaplan
- Visual Data Analysis, Zuse Institute Berlin, Takustr. 7, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Samuel Powell
- Optics and Photonics Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Steffen Prohaska
- Visual Data Analysis, Zuse Institute Berlin, Takustr. 7, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Laufer
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Corresponding author.
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94
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Shrestha B, DeLuna F, Anastasio MA, Yong Ye J, Brey EM. Photoacoustic Imaging in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2020; 26:79-102. [PMID: 31854242 PMCID: PMC7041335 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Several imaging modalities are available for investigation of the morphological, functional, and molecular features of engineered tissues in small animal models. While research in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) would benefit from a comprehensive longitudinal analysis of new strategies, researchers have not always applied the most advanced methods. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a rapidly emerging modality that has received significant attention due to its ability to exploit the strong endogenous contrast of optical methods with the high spatial resolution of ultrasound methods. Exogenous contrast agents can also be used in PAI for targeted imaging. Applications of PAI relevant to TERM include stem cell tracking, longitudinal monitoring of scaffolds in vivo, and evaluation of vascularization. In addition, the emerging capabilities of PAI applied to the detection and monitoring of cancer and other inflammatory diseases could be exploited by tissue engineers. This article provides an overview of the operating principles of PAI and its broad potential for application in TERM. Impact statement Photoacoustic imaging, a new hybrid imaging technique, has demonstrated high potential in the clinical diagnostic applications. The optical and acoustic aspect of the photoacoustic imaging system works in harmony to provide better resolution at greater tissue depth. Label-free imaging of vasculature with this imaging can be used to track and monitor disease, as well as the therapeutic progression of treatment. Photoacoustic imaging has been utilized in tissue engineering to some extent; however, the full benefit of this technique is yet to be explored. The increasing availability of commercial photoacoustic systems will make application as an imaging tool for tissue engineering application more feasible. This review first provides a brief description of photoacoustic imaging and summarizes its current and potential application in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binita Shrestha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Frank DeLuna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Mark A. Anastasio
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Jing Yong Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Eric M. Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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95
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Abstract
The present chapter summarizes progress with optical methods that go beyond human vision. The focus is on two particular technologies: fluorescence molecular imaging and optoacoustic (photoacoustic) imaging. The rationale for the selection of these two methods is that in contrast to optical microscopy techniques, both fluorescence and optoacoustic imaging can achieve large fields of view, i.e., spanning several centimeters in two or three dimensions. Such fields of views relate better to human vision and can visualize large parts of tissue, a necessary premise for clinical detection. Conversely, optical microscopy methods only scan millimeter-sized dimensions or smaller. With such operational capacity, optical microscopy methods need to be guided by another visualization technique in order to scan a very specific area in tissue and typically only provide superficial measurements, i.e., information from depths that are of the order of 0.05-1 mm. This practice has generally limited their clinical applicability to some niche applications, such as optical coherence tomography of the retina. On the other hand, fluorescence molecular imaging and optoacoustic imaging emerge as more global optical imaging methods with wide applications in surgery, endoscopy, and non-invasive clinical imaging, as summarized in the following. The current progress in this field is based on a volume of recent review and other literature that highlights key advances achieved in technology and biomedical applications. Context and figures from references from the authors of this chapter have been used here, as it reflects our general view of the current status of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Razansky
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Technical University of Munich, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
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96
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Jo J, Lee CH, Folz J, Tan JW, Wang X, Kopelman R. In Vivo Photoacoustic Lifetime Based Oxygen Imaging with Tumor Targeted G2 Polyacrylamide Nanosonophores. ACS NANO 2019; 13:14024-14032. [PMID: 31820930 PMCID: PMC7203680 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b06326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Lifetime imaging methods using phosphorescence quenching by oxygen for molecular oxygen concentration measurement have been developed and used for noninvasive oxygen monitoring. This study reports photoacoustic (PA) oxygen imaging powered by polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel nanoparticles (NP) which offer advantages including improved biocompatibility, reduced toxicity, and active tumor targeting. A known oxygen indicator, oxyphor G2, was conjugated with the matrix of the NPs, giving G2-PAA NPs, followed by PEGylation for biocompatibility and F3 surface modification for tumor targeting. Using two lasers providing pump and probe pulses, respectively, PA imaging was performed so as to quantitatively map the oxygen concentration in biological tissues in vivo, including cancer tumors and normal thigh muscles. Furthermore, via the imaging at the pump wavelength and two additional wavelengths, the accumulation of the G2-PAA NPs in the tumors were also determined. The successful imaging experiment accomplished on animal models renders a method for in vivo noninvasive imaging and assessment of hypoxic tumor microenvironments, which is critical for assessing cancer progression, metastasis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janggun Jo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Chang Heon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Jeff Folz
- Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Joel W.Y. Tan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Xueding Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109 USA
- Corresponding Authors Drs. Wang and Kopelman are corresponding authors. Xueding Wang, PhD - . Telephone: 734-647-2728.; Raoul Kopelman, PhD - . Telephone: 734-764-7541
| | - Raoul Kopelman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
- Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
- Corresponding Authors Drs. Wang and Kopelman are corresponding authors. Xueding Wang, PhD - . Telephone: 734-647-2728.; Raoul Kopelman, PhD - . Telephone: 734-764-7541
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97
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Hochuli R, An L, Beard PC, Cox BT. Estimating blood oxygenation from photoacoustic images: can a simple linear spectroscopic inversion ever work? JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2019; 24:1-13. [PMID: 31849203 PMCID: PMC7005536 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.12.121914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Linear spectroscopic inversions, in which photoacoustic amplitudes are assumed to be directly proportional to absorption coefficients, are widely used in photoacoustic imaging to estimate blood oxygen saturation because of their simplicity. Unfortunately, they do not account for the spatially varying wavelength-dependence of the light fluence within the tissue, which introduces "spectral coloring," a potentially significant source of error. However, accurately correcting for spectral coloring is challenging, so we investigated whether there are conditions, e.g., sets of wavelengths, where it is possible to ignore the spectral coloring and still obtain accurate oxygenation measurements using linear inversions. Accurate estimates of oxygenation can be obtained when the wavelengths are chosen to (i) minimize spectral coloring, (ii) avoid ill-conditioning, and (iii) maintain a sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the estimates to be meaningful. It is not obvious which wavelengths will satisfy these conditions, and they are very likely to vary for different imaging scenarios, making it difficult to find general rules. Through the use of numerical simulations, we isolated the effect of spectral coloring from sources of experimental error. It was shown that using wavelengths between 500 nm and 1000 nm yields inaccurate estimates of oxygenation and that careful selection of wavelengths in the 620- to 920-nm range can yield more accurate oxygenation values. However, this is only achievable with a good prior estimate of the true oxygenation. Even in this idealized case, it was shown that considerable care must be exercised over the choice of wavelengths when using linear spectroscopic inversions to obtain accurate estimates of blood oxygenation. This suggests that for a particular imaging scenario, obtaining accurate and reliable oxygenation estimates using linear spectroscopic inversions requires careful modeling or experimental studies of that scenario, taking account of the instrumentation, tissue anatomy, likely sO2 range, and image formation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Hochuli
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lu An
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul C. Beard
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin T. Cox
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
- Address all correspondence to Benjamin T. Cox, E-mail:
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98
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Weidenfeld I, Zakian C, Duewell P, Chmyrov A, Klemm U, Aguirre J, Ntziachristos V, Stiel AC. Homogentisic acid-derived pigment as a biocompatible label for optoacoustic imaging of macrophages. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5056. [PMID: 31699983 PMCID: PMC6838096 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are one of the most functionally-diverse cell types with roles in innate immunity, homeostasis and disease making them attractive targets for diagnostics and therapy. Photo- or optoacoustics could provide non-invasive, deep tissue imaging with high resolution and allow to visualize the spatiotemporal distribution of macrophages in vivo. However, present macrophage labels focus on synthetic nanomaterials, frequently limiting their ability to combine both host cell viability and functionality with strong signal generation. Here, we present a homogentisic acid-derived pigment (HDP) for biocompatible intracellular labeling of macrophages with strong optoacoustic contrast efficient enough to resolve single cells against a strong blood background. We study pigment formation during macrophage differentiation and activation, and utilize this labeling method to track migration of pro-inflammatory macrophages in vivo with whole-body imaging. We expand the sparse palette of macrophage labels for in vivo optoacoustic imaging and facilitate research on macrophage functionality and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Weidenfeld
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Zakian
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Duewell
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andriy Chmyrov
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Uwe Klemm
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juan Aguirre
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Andre C Stiel
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Ovsepian SV, Olefir I, Ntziachristos V. Advances in Optoacoustic Neurotomography of Animal Models. Trends Biotechnol 2019; 37:1315-1326. [PMID: 31662189 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Unlike traditional optical methods, optoacoustic imaging is less sensitive to scattering of ballistic photons, so it is capable of high-resolution interrogation at a greater depth. By integrating video-rate visualization with multiplexing and sensing a range of endogenous and exogenous chromophores, optoacoustic imaging has matured into a versatile noninvasive investigation modality with rapidly expanding use in biomedical research. We review the principal features of the technology and discuss recent advances it has enabled in structural, functional, and molecular neuroimaging in small-animal models. In extending the boundaries of noninvasive observation beyond the reach of customary photonic methods, the latest developments in optoacoustics have substantially advanced neuroimaging inquiry, with promising implications for basic and translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saak V Ovsepian
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Department of Experimental Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivan Olefir
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany.
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100
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Chen Z, Deán-Ben XL, Liu N, Gujrati V, Gottschalk S, Ntziachristos V, Razansky D. Concurrent fluorescence and volumetric optoacoustic tomography of nanoagent perfusion and bio-distribution in solid tumors. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:5093-5102. [PMID: 31646032 PMCID: PMC6788589 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.005093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Intravenously administered liposomes and other nano-sized particles are known to passively accumulate in solid tumors via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, which is extensively explored toward the improvement of diagnosis and drug delivery in oncology. Agent extravasation into tumors is often hampered by the mononuclear phagocytic and renal systems, which sequester and/or eliminate most of the nanoparticles from the body. Dynamic imaging of the tumor microcirculation and bolus perfusion can thus facilitate optimization of the nanoparticle delivery. When it comes to non-invasive visualization of rapid biological dynamics in whole tumors, the currently available pre-clinical imaging modalities are commonly limited by shallow penetration, lack of suitable contrast or otherwise insufficient spatial or temporal resolution. Herein, we demonstrate the unique capabilities of a combined epi-fluorescence and optoacoustic tomography (FLOT) system for characterizing contrast agent dynamics in orthotopic breast tumors in mice. A liposomal indocyanine green (Lipo-ICG) preparation was administered intravenously with the time-lapse data continuously acquired during and after the injection procedure. In addition to the highly sensitive detection of the fluorescence agent by the epi-fluorescence modality, the volumetric multi-spectral optoacoustic tomography readings further enabled resolving deep-seated vascular structures with high spatial resolution and hence provided accurate readings of the dynamic bio-distribution of nanoparticles in the entire tumor in 3D. The synergetic combination of the two modalities can become a powerful tool in cancer research and potentially aid the diagnosis, staging and treatment guidance of certain types of cancer in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyue Chen
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Xosé Luis Deán-Ben
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nian Liu
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Vipul Gujrati
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sven Gottschalk
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Razansky
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany
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