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Yang X, Chen Z, Chen C, Han C, Zhou Y, Li X, Tian H, Cheng X, Zhang K, Qin A, Zhou T, Zhao J. Bleomycin induces fibrotic transformation of bone marrow stromal cells to treat height loss of intervertebral disc through the TGFβR1/Smad2/3 pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:34. [PMID: 33413668 PMCID: PMC7791639 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02093-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lower back pain is often accredited to loss of intervertebral disc (IVD) height and compromised spine stability as a result of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). We aim to locally use bleomycin to induce the fibrotic transformation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) as a means to induce reparative fibrosis to slow down the height loss. Methods IVDs from patients were gathered for histological examination. The expression of the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β) signaling pathway was determined by qPCR and western blotting. Nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, annulus fibrosus (AF) cells, and the rats’ bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) were cultured and their responsiveness to bleomycin was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8, comet assay, transwell migration, and wound healing assays. Rat IVDD models were created by puncture and rescued by bleomycin injection, and the effectiveness was evaluated by images (X-ray and MRI) and atomic force microscope. Results Histological examination showed increased levels of pro-fibrotic markers in IVDD tissues from patients. AF cells and BMSC cells were induced to adopt a pro-fibrotic phenotype with increased expression fibrotic markers Col1a1, Col3a1, and FSP1. The pro-fibrotic effect of bleomycin on AF cells and BMSCs was in part due to the activation of the TGFβ-TGFβR1-SMAD2/3 signaling pathway. Pharmacological inhibition or gene knock-down of TGFβR1 could mitigate the pro-fibrotic effects. Conclusion Locally, injection of bleomycin in rats’ IVD induced rapid fibrosis and maintained its height through the TGFβ-TGFβR1-SMAD2/3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqian Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xunlin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - An Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tangjun Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
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Phoomak C, Cui W, Hayman TJ, Yu SH, Zhao P, Wells L, Steet R, Contessa JN. The translocon-associated protein (TRAP) complex regulates quality control of N-linked glycosylation during ER stress. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabc6364. [PMID: 33523898 PMCID: PMC7810369 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc6364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Asparagine (N)-linked glycosylation is required for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis, but how this co- and posttranslational modification is maintained during ER stress is unknown. Here, we introduce a fluorescence-based strategy to detect aberrant N-glycosylation in individual cells and identify a regulatory role for the heterotetrameric translocon-associated protein (TRAP) complex. Unexpectedly, cells with knockout of SSR3 or SSR4 subunits restore N-glycosylation over time concurrent with a diminished ER stress transcriptional signature. Activation of ER stress or silencing of the ER chaperone BiP exacerbates or rescues the glycosylation defects, respectively, indicating that SSR3 and SSR4 enable N-glycosylation during ER stress. Protein levels of the SSR3 subunit are ER stress and UBE2J1 dependent, revealing a mechanism that coordinates upstream N-glycosylation proficiency with downstream ER-associated degradation and proteostasis. The fidelity of N-glycosylation is not static in both nontransformed and tumor cells, and the TRAP complex regulates ER glycoprotein quality control under conditions of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatchai Phoomak
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Thomas J Hayman
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Seok-Ho Yu
- Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30601, USA
| | - Lance Wells
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30601, USA
| | | | - Joseph N Contessa
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Abstract
Post-translational modifications of cellular substrates with ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs), including ubiquitin, SUMOs, and neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated protein 8, play a central role in regulating many aspects of cell biology. The UBL conjugation cascade is initiated by a family of ATP-dependent enzymes termed E1 activating enzymes and executed by the downstream E2-conjugating enzymes and E3 ligases. Despite their druggability and their key position at the apex of the cascade, pharmacologic modulation of E1s with potent and selective drugs has remained elusive until 2009. Among the eight E1 enzymes identified so far, those initiating ubiquitylation (UBA1), SUMOylation (SAE), and neddylation (NAE) are the most characterized and are implicated in various aspects of cancer biology. To date, over 40 inhibitors have been reported to target UBA1, SAE, and NAE, including the NAE inhibitor pevonedistat, evaluated in more than 30 clinical trials. In this Review, we discuss E1 enzymes, the rationale for their therapeutic targeting in cancer, and their different inhibitors, with emphasis on the pharmacologic properties of adenosine sulfamates and their unique mechanism of action, termed substrate-assisted inhibition. Moreover, we highlight other less-characterized E1s-UBA6, UBA7, UBA4, UBA5, and autophagy-related protein 7-and the opportunities for targeting these enzymes in cancer. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The clinical successes of proteasome inhibitors in cancer therapy and the emerging resistance to these agents have prompted the exploration of other signaling nodes in the ubiquitin-proteasome system including E1 enzymes. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the biology of different E1 enzymes, their roles in cancer, and how to translate this knowledge into novel therapeutic strategies with potential implications in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir H Barghout
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.H.B., A.D.S.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.H.B., A.D.S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt (S.H.B.)
| | - Aaron D Schimmer
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.H.B., A.D.S.); Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (S.H.B., A.D.S.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt (S.H.B.)
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Xiao J, Liu S, Yu T, Zhang R, Guo X, Jia Y, Shang C, Wang A, Jin Y, Lin P. UFMylation is associated with LPS-induced inflammatory response in goat endometrial epithelial cells. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:1725-1734. [PMID: 32986296 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The endometrium plays an important role in the defence against invading pathogens, although the mechanisms are not clear. UFMylation is a recently discovered novel ubiquitination-like modification system that plays a pivotal role in inflammation and the immune response. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of UFMylation on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in immortalized goat endometrial epithelial cells (gEECs). Ubiquitin-fold modifier conjugating enzyme 1 (UFM1) and DDRGK domain containing 1 (DDRGK1) were mainly localized in the luminal epithelium and glandular epithelium of mouse and goat endometrial tissues. The expression levels of UFM1, ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 5 (UBA5), UFM1 specific ligase 1 (UFL1) and DDRGK1, as key components of the UFMylation system, were significantly activated by 5 μg/mL LPS-induced inflammatory response in gEECs for 6 hr. Meanwhile, the expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly upregulated, and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was significantly down-regulated after overexpression of UFM1 in gEECs. Additionally, we observed UFM1 and DDRGK1 were markedly increased on LPS-stimulated mouse endometritis in vivo. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that UFMylation was significantly activated by LPS and might be involved in regulating inflammatory response in gEECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbang Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shouqin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tong Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ruixue Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xinyan Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanni Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chunmei Shang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Aihua Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Pengfei Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Banerjee S, Kumar M, Wiener R. Decrypting UFMylation: How Proteins Are Modified with UFM1. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1442. [PMID: 33066455 PMCID: PMC7602216 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides ubiquitin (Ub), humans have a set of ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) that can also covalently modify target proteins. To date, less is known about UBLs than Ub and even less is known about the UBL called ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 (UFM1). Currently, our understanding of protein modification by UFM1 (UFMylation) is like a jigsaw puzzle with many missing pieces, and in some cases it is not even clear whether these pieces of data are in the right place. Here we review the current data on UFM1 from structural biology to biochemistry and cell biology. We believe that the physiological significance of protein modification by UFM1 is currently underestimated and there is more to it than meets the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reuven Wiener
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (S.B.); (M.K.)
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Eck F, Phuyal S, Smith MD, Kaulich M, Wilkinson S, Farhan H, Behrends C. ACSL3 is a novel GABARAPL2 interactor that links ufmylation and lipid droplet biogenesis. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs243477. [PMID: 32843575 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.243477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While studies of the autophagy-related (ATG) genes in knockout models have led to an explosion of knowledge about the functions of autophagy components, the exact roles of LC3 and GABARAP family proteins (human ATG8 equivalents) are still poorly understood. A major drawback in understanding their roles is that the available interactome data has largely been acquired using overexpression systems. To overcome these limitations, we employed CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-editing to generate a panel of cells in which human ATG8 genes were tagged at their natural chromosomal locations with an N-terminal affinity epitope. This cellular resource was employed to map endogenous GABARAPL2 protein complexes using interaction proteomics. This approach identified the ER-associated protein and lipid droplet (LD) biogenesis factor ACSL3 as a stabilizing GABARAPL2-binding partner. GABARAPL2 bound ACSL3 in a manner dependent on its LC3-interacting regions, whose binding site in GABARAPL2 was required to recruit the latter to the ER. Through this interaction, the UFM1-activating enzyme UBA5 became anchored at the ER. Furthermore, ACSL3 depletion and LD induction affected the abundance of several ufmylation components and ER-phagy. Together these data allow us to define ACSL3 as a novel regulator of the enigmatic UFM1 conjugation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Eck
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Feodor-Lynen Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Santosh Phuyal
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Matthew D Smith
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Manuel Kaulich
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University School of Medicine, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Simon Wilkinson
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Hesso Farhan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian Behrends
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Feodor-Lynen Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Xiong Z, Yuan C, shi J, Xiong W, Huang Y, Xiao W, Yang H, Chen K, Zhang X. Restoring the epigenetically silenced PCK2 suppresses renal cell carcinoma progression and increases sensitivity to sunitinib by promoting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:11444-11461. [PMID: 33052225 PMCID: PMC7546001 DOI: 10.7150/thno.48469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Tumors have significant abnormalities in various biological properties. In renal cell carcinoma (RCC), metabolic abnormalities are characteristic biological dysfunction that cannot be ignored. Despite this, many aspects of this dysfunction have not been fully explained. The purpose of this study was to reveal a new mechanism of metabolic and energy-related biological abnormalities in RCC. Methods: Molecular screening and bioinformatics analysis were performed in RCC based on data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Regulated pathways were investigated by qRT-PCR, immunoblot analysis and immunohistochemistry. A series of functional analyses was performed in cell lines and xenograft models. Results: By screening the biological abnormality core dataset-mitochondria-related dataset and the metabolic abnormality core dataset-energy metabolism-related dataset in public RCC databases, PCK2 was found to be differentially expressed in RCC compared with normal tissue. Further analysis by the TCGA database showed that PCK2 was significantly downregulated in RCC and predicted a poor prognosis. Through additional studies, it was found that a low expression of PCK2 in RCC was caused by methylation of its promoter region. Restoration of PCK2 expression in RCC cells repressed tumor progression and increased their sensitivity to sunitinib. Finally, mechanistic investigations indicated that PCK2 mediated the above processes by promoting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Conclusions: Collectively, our results identify a specific mechanism by which PCK2 suppresses the progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and increases sensitivity to sunitinib by promoting endoplasmic reticulum stress. This finding provides a new biomarker for RCC as well as novel targets and strategies for the treatment of RCC.
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Liu J, Guan D, Dong M, Yang J, Wei H, Liang Q, Song L, Xu L, Bai J, Liu C, Mao J, Zhang Q, Zhou J, Wu X, Wang M, Cong YS. UFMylation maintains tumour suppressor p53 stability by antagonizing its ubiquitination. Nat Cell Biol 2020; 22:1056-1063. [PMID: 32807901 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-020-0559-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
p53 is the most intensively studied tumour suppressor1. The regulation of p53 homeostasis is essential for its tumour-suppressive function2,3. Although p53 is regulated by an array of post-translational modifications, both during normal homeostasis and in stress-induced responses2-4, how p53 maintains its homeostasis remains unclear. UFMylation is a recently identified ubiquitin-like modification with essential biological functions5-7. Deficiency in this modification leads to embryonic lethality in mice and disease in humans8-12. Here, we report that p53 can be covalently modified by UFM1 and that this modification stabilizes p53 by antagonizing its ubiquitination and proteasome degradation. Mechanistically, UFL1, the UFM1 ligase6, competes with MDM2 to bind to p53 for its stabilization. Depletion of UFL1 or DDRGK1, the critical regulator of UFMylation6,13, decreases p53 stability and in turn promotes cell growth and tumour formation in vivo. Clinically, UFL1 and DDRGK1 expression are downregulated and positively correlated with levels of p53 in a high percentage of renal cell carcinomas. Our results identify UFMylation as a crucial post-translational modification for maintenance of p53 stability and tumour-suppressive function, and point to UFMylation as a promising therapeutic target in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Guan
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Maogong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Wei
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Liang
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lizhi Song
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Bai
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Mao
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junzhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Cong
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
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Urra H, Pihán P, Hetz C. The UPRosome - decoding novel biological outputs of IRE1α function. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/15/jcs218107. [PMID: 32788208 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.218107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Different perturbations alter the function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), resulting in the accumulation of misfolded proteins in its lumen, a condition termed ER stress. To restore ER proteostasis, a highly conserved pathway is engaged, known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), triggering adaptive programs or apoptosis of terminally damaged cells. IRE1α (also known as ERN1), the most conserved UPR sensor, mediates the activation of responses to determine cell fate under ER stress. The complexity of IRE1α regulation and its signaling outputs is mediated in part by the assembly of a dynamic multi-protein complex, named the UPRosome, that regulates IRE1α activity and the crosstalk with other pathways. We discuss several studies identifying components of the UPRosome that have illuminated novel functions in cell death, autophagy, DNA damage, energy metabolism and cytoskeleton dynamics. Here, we provide a theoretical analysis to assess the biological significance of the UPRosome and present the results of a systematic bioinformatics analysis of the available IRE1α interactome data sets followed by functional enrichment clustering. This in silico approach decoded that IRE1α also interacts with proteins involved in the cell cycle, transport, differentiation, response to viral infection and immune response. Thus, defining the spectrum of IRE1α-binding partners will reveal novel signaling outputs and the relevance of the pathway to human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hery Urra
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile .,Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago 7800003, Chile.,Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Philippe Pihán
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile.,Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago 7800003, Chile.,Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile .,Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago 7800003, Chile.,Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile.,The Buck Institute for Research in Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
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UFM1-Specific Ligase 1 Ligating Enzyme 1 Mediates Milk Protein and Fat Synthesis-Related Gene Expression via the JNK Signaling Pathway in Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:4045674. [PMID: 32655766 PMCID: PMC7321527 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4045674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-like modifier 1 ligating enzyme 1 (UFL1) has been characterized as a ubiquitin-like (Ubl) protein that affects a range of cellular processes across various pathways. In this study, mouse mammary epithelial cells (HC11 cell line) and UFL1 knockout (KO) mice were used to establish UFL1 knockdown models to explore the influence of UFL1 on milk protein and fat synthesis in the mouse mammary gland and the underlying mechanisms. This is the first study to show UFL1 localization in mouse mammary epithelial cells. UFL1 depletion by transfected UFL1 siRNA (siUFL1) caused aggravated apoptosis. In addition, UFL1 depletion suppressed milk protein synthesis-related protein level in vivo and in vitro. Conversely, ACACA and FASN expressions increased in UFL1-deficient mice. Moreover, UFL1 depletion increased triglyceride synthesis levels and inhibited the p-JNK expression. Importantly, the expression of proteins related to milk protein synthesis was decreased in JNK- and UFL1-deficient cells, whereas proteins related to milk fat synthesis showed the opposite trend, indicating that UFL1 affects milk protein and fat synthesis via the suppression of JNK activation. Overall, our findings indicate that UFL1 plays a key role in mammary milk and fat synthesis via JNK activation.
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Li C, Han T, Guo R, Chen P, Peng C, Prag G, Hu R. An Integrative Synthetic Biology Approach to Interrogating Cellular Ubiquitin and Ufm Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124231. [PMID: 32545848 PMCID: PMC7352202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Global identification of substrates for PTMs (post-translational modifications) represents a critical but yet dauntingly challenging task in understanding biology and disease pathology. Here we presented a synthetic biology approach, namely ‘YESS’, which coupled Y2H (yeast two hybrid) interactome screening with PTMs reactions reconstituted in bacteria for substrates identification and validation, followed by the functional validation in mammalian cells. Specifically, the sequence-independent Gateway® cloning technique was adopted to afford simultaneous transfer of multiple hit ORFs (open reading frames) between the YESS sub-systems. In proof-of-evidence applications of YESS, novel substrates were identified for UBE3A and UFL1, the E3 ligases for ubiquitination and ufmylation, respectively. Therefore, the YESS approach could serve as a potentially powerful tool to study cellular signaling mediated by different PTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (C.L.); (T.H.); (R.G.); (P.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
| | - Tianting Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (C.L.); (T.H.); (R.G.); (P.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
| | - Rong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (C.L.); (T.H.); (R.G.); (P.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (C.L.); (T.H.); (R.G.); (P.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
| | - Chao Peng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Gali Prag
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Ronggui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; (C.L.); (T.H.); (R.G.); (P.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
- Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 20072, China
- Correspondence:
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Riaz TA, Junjappa RP, Handigund M, Ferdous J, Kim HR, Chae HJ. Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Sensor IRE1α in Cellular Physiology, Calcium, ROS Signaling, and Metaflammation. Cells 2020; 9:E1160. [PMID: 32397116 PMCID: PMC7290600 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase endoribonuclease-1α (IRE1α) is the most prominent and evolutionarily conserved unfolded protein response (UPR) signal transducer during endoplasmic reticulum functional upset (ER stress). A IRE1α signal pathway arbitrates yin and yang of cellular fate in objectionable conditions. It plays several roles in fundamental cellular physiology as well as in several pathological conditions such as diabetes, obesity, inflammation, cancer, neurodegeneration, and in many other diseases. Thus, further understanding of its molecular structure and mechanism of action during different cell insults helps in designing and developing better therapeutic strategies for the above-mentioned chronic diseases. In this review, recent insights into structure and mechanism of activation of IRE1α along with its complex regulating network were discussed in relation to their basic cellular physiological function. Addressing different binding partners that can modulate IRE1α function, UPRosome triggers different downstream pathways depending on the cellular backdrop. Furthermore, IRE1α are in normal cell activities outside the dominion of ER stress and activities under the weather of inflammation, diabetes, and obesity-related metaflammation. Thus, IRE1 as an ER stress sensor needs to be understood from a wider perspective for comprehensive functional meaning, which facilitates us with assembling future needs and therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoufiqul Alam Riaz
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (T.A.R.); (R.P.J.)
| | - Raghu Patil Junjappa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (T.A.R.); (R.P.J.)
| | - Mallikarjun Handigund
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Jannatul Ferdous
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea;
| | - Hyung-Ryong Kim
- College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (T.A.R.); (R.P.J.)
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63
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Lafont E. Stress Management: Death Receptor Signalling and Cross-Talks with the Unfolded Protein Response in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1113. [PMID: 32365592 PMCID: PMC7281445 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout tumour progression, tumour cells are exposed to various intense cellular stress conditions owing to intrinsic and extrinsic cues, to which some cells are remarkably able to adapt. Death Receptor (DR) signalling and the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) are two stress responses that both regulate a plethora of outcomes, ranging from proliferation, differentiation, migration, cytokine production to the induction of cell death. Both signallings are major modulators of physiological tissue homeostasis and their dysregulation is involved in tumorigenesis and the metastastic process. The molecular determinants of the control between the different cellular outcomes induced by DR signalling and the UPR in tumour cells and their stroma and their consequences on tumorigenesis are starting to be unravelled. Herein, I summarize the main steps of DR signalling in relation to its cellular and pathophysiological roles in cancer. I then highlight how the UPR and DR signalling control common cellular outcomes and also cross-talk, providing potential opportunities to further understand the development of malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Lafont
- Inserm U1242, Université de Rennes, 35042 Rennes, France;
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, 35042 Rennes, France
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Liang JR, Lingeman E, Luong T, Ahmed S, Muhar M, Nguyen T, Olzmann JA, Corn JE. A Genome-wide ER-phagy Screen Highlights Key Roles of Mitochondrial Metabolism and ER-Resident UFMylation. Cell 2020; 180:1160-1177.e20. [PMID: 32160526 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Selective autophagy of organelles is critical for cellular differentiation, homeostasis, and organismal health. Autophagy of the ER (ER-phagy) is implicated in human neuropathy but is poorly understood beyond a few autophagosomal receptors and remodelers. By using an ER-phagy reporter and genome-wide CRISPRi screening, we identified 200 high-confidence human ER-phagy factors. Two pathways were unexpectedly required for ER-phagy. First, reduced mitochondrial metabolism represses ER-phagy, which is opposite of general autophagy and is independent of AMPK. Second, ER-localized UFMylation is required for ER-phagy to repress the unfolded protein response via IRE1α. The UFL1 ligase is brought to the ER surface by DDRGK1 to UFMylate RPN1 and RPL26 and preferentially targets ER sheets for degradation, analogous to PINK1-Parkin regulation during mitophagy. Our data provide insight into the cellular logic of ER-phagy, reveal parallels between organelle autophagies, and provide an entry point to the relatively unexplored process of degrading the ER network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Rui Liang
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Emily Lingeman
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Thao Luong
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Saba Ahmed
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Matthias Muhar
- Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Truc Nguyen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - James A Olzmann
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jacob E Corn
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Huber J, Obata M, Gruber J, Akutsu M, Löhr F, Rogova N, Güntert P, Dikic I, Kirkin V, Komatsu M, Dötsch V, Rogov VV. An atypical LIR motif within UBA5 (ubiquitin like modifier activating enzyme 5) interacts with GABARAP proteins and mediates membrane localization of UBA5. Autophagy 2020; 16:256-270. [PMID: 30990354 PMCID: PMC6984602 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1606637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Short linear motifs, known as LC3-interacting regions (LIRs), interact with mactoautophagy/autophagy modifiers (Atg8/LC3/GABARAP proteins) via a conserved universal mechanism. Typically, this includes the occupancy of 2 hydrophobic pockets on the surface of Atg8-family proteins by 2 specific aromatic and hydrophobic residues within the LIR motifs. Here, we describe an alternative mechanism of Atg8-family protein interaction with the non-canonical UBA5 LIR, an E1-like enzyme of the ufmylation pathway that preferentially interacts with GABARAP but not LC3 proteins. By solving the structures of both GABARAP and GABARAPL2 in complex with the UBA5 LIR, we show that in addition to the binding to the 2 canonical hydrophobic pockets (HP1 and HP2), a conserved tryptophan residue N-terminal of the LIR core sequence binds into a novel hydrophobic pocket on the surface of GABARAP proteins, which we term HP0. This mode of action is unique for UBA5 and accompanied by large rearrangements of key residues including the side chains of the gate-keeping K46 and the adjacent K/R47 in GABARAP proteins. Swapping mutations in LC3B and GABARAPL2 revealed that K/R47 is the key residue in the specific binding of GABARAP proteins to UBA5, with synergetic contributions of the composition and dynamics of the loop L3. Finally, we elucidate the physiological relevance of the interaction and show that GABARAP proteins regulate the localization and function of UBA5 on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane in a lipidation-independent manner.Abbreviations: ATG: AuTophaGy-related; EGFP: enhanced green fluorescent protein; GABARAP: GABA-type A receptor-associated protein; ITC: isothermal titration calorimetry; KO: knockout; LIR: LC3-interacting region; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; NMR: nuclear magnetic resonance; RMSD: root-mean-square deviation of atomic positions; TKO: triple knockout; UBA5: ubiquitin like modifier activating enzyme 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Huber
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Miki Obata
- Department of Biochemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Jens Gruber
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Masato Akutsu
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Frank Löhr
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Natalia Rogova
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peter Güntert
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ivan Dikic
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry II, School of Medicine, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Vladimir Kirkin
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Masaaki Komatsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Volker Dötsch
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Vladimir V. Rogov
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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66
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Wang S, Jia M, Su M, Hu X, Li J, Xu Y, Qiu W. Ufmylation Is Activated in Renal Cancer and Is Not Associated with von Hippel-Lindau Mutation. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:654-660. [PMID: 31999483 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is the most common in all of the renal cancers; however, it lacks ideal molecular target for treatment. In the present study, we identified that ufmylation, a novel ubiquitin-like modification, was significantly upregulated in renal cancer tissues. Ufmylation is known to be closely associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and protein quality control. To explore the relation between ufmylation and protein degradation pathways in renal cancer cells, we pharmacologically altered the ubiquitin-proteasome (UPS) and autophagy pathways. We found that the ufmylation levels were not varied by autophagy activation or inhibition. Consistently, the LC3 conversion, as an important biomarker of autophagy, was comparable between renal caner tissues and para-cancer tissues, indicating that the increase of ufmylation in renal cancer may be not related with autophagy. In contrast, blocking UPS with MG132 activated ufmylation in renal cancer cells, suggesting that the activation of ufmylation in renal cancer may be associated with the UPS activity. However, the ufmylation levels were not associated with mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene, a specific E3 ligase of the UPS and has high mutation rate in renal cancer. Besides, we found that sunitinib, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, could significantly inhibit ufmylation, whereas overexpression of active Ufm1 partially inhibited the antitumor effects of sunitinib. These results highlight that ufmylation might be a novel molecular candidate for renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixu Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Jia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Hu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongde Xu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Wang L, Xu Y, Rogers H, Saidi L, Noguchi CT, Li H, Yewdell JW, Guydosh NR, Ye Y. UFMylation of RPL26 links translocation-associated quality control to endoplasmic reticulum protein homeostasis. Cell Res 2020; 30:5-20. [PMID: 31595041 PMCID: PMC6951344 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-019-0236-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein biogenesis at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in eukaryotic cells is monitored by a protein quality control system named ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). While there has been substantial progress in understanding how ERAD eliminates defective polypeptides generated from erroneous folding, how cells remove nascent chains stalled in the translocon during co-translational protein insertion into the ER is unclear. Here we show that ribosome stalling during protein translocation induces the attachment of UFM1, a ubiquitin-like modifier, to two conserved lysine residues near the COOH-terminus of the 60S ribosomal subunit RPL26 (uL24) at the ER. Strikingly, RPL26 UFMylation enables the degradation of stalled nascent chains, but unlike ERAD or previously established cytosolic ribosome-associated quality control (RQC), which uses proteasome to degrade their client proteins, ribosome UFMylation promotes the targeting of a translocation-arrested ER protein to lysosomes for degradation. RPL26 UFMylation is upregulated during erythroid differentiation to cope with increased secretory flow, and compromising UFMylation impairs protein secretion, and ultimately hemoglobin production. We propose that in metazoan, co-translational protein translocation into the ER is safeguarded by a UFMylation-dependent protein quality control mechanism, which when impaired causes anemia in mice and abnormal neuronal development in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yue Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Heather Rogers
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Layla Saidi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Constance Tom Noguchi
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Honglin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Jonathan Wilson Yewdell
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nicholas Raymond Guydosh
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yihong Ye
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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TMX2 Is a Crucial Regulator of Cellular Redox State, and Its Dysfunction Causes Severe Brain Developmental Abnormalities. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 105:1126-1147. [PMID: 31735293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The redox state of the neural progenitors regulates physiological processes such as neuronal differentiation and dendritic and axonal growth. The relevance of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated oxidoreductases in these processes is largely unexplored. We describe a severe neurological disorder caused by bi-allelic loss-of-function variants in thioredoxin (TRX)-related transmembrane-2 (TMX2); these variants were detected by exome sequencing in 14 affected individuals from ten unrelated families presenting with congenital microcephaly, cortical polymicrogyria, and other migration disorders. TMX2 encodes one of the five TMX proteins of the protein disulfide isomerase family, hitherto not linked to human developmental brain disease. Our mechanistic studies on protein function show that TMX2 localizes to the ER mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), is involved in posttranslational modification and protein folding, and undergoes physical interaction with the MAM-associated and ER folding chaperone calnexin and ER calcium pump SERCA2. These interactions are functionally relevant because TMX2-deficient fibroblasts show decreased mitochondrial respiratory reserve capacity and compensatory increased glycolytic activity. Intriguingly, under basal conditions TMX2 occurs in both reduced and oxidized monomeric form, while it forms a stable dimer under treatment with hydrogen peroxide, recently recognized as a signaling molecule in neural morphogenesis and axonal pathfinding. Exogenous expression of the pathogenic TMX2 variants or of variants with an in vitro mutagenized TRX domain induces a constitutive TMX2 polymerization, mimicking an increased oxidative state. Altogether these data uncover TMX2 as a sensor in the MAM-regulated redox signaling pathway and identify it as a key adaptive regulator of neuronal proliferation, migration, and organization in the developing brain.
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69
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Gerakis Y, Quintero M, Li H, Hetz C. The UFMylation System in Proteostasis and Beyond. Trends Cell Biol 2019; 29:974-986. [PMID: 31703843 PMCID: PMC6917045 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications are at the apex of cellular communication and eventually regulate every aspect of life. The identification of new post-translational modifiers is opening alternative avenues in understanding fundamental cell biology processes and may ultimately provide novel therapeutic opportunities. The ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 (UFM1) is a post-translational modifier discovered a decade ago but its biological significance has remained mostly unknown. The field has recently witnessed an explosion of research uncovering the implications of the pathway to cellular homeostasis in living organisms. We overview recent advances in the function and regulation of the UFM1 pathway, and its implications for cell physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannis Gerakis
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP (Fondo de Financiamiento de Centros de Investigación en Áreas Prioritarias) Center for Geroscience (GERO), Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Michaela Quintero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Honglin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP (Fondo de Financiamiento de Centros de Investigación en Áreas Prioritarias) Center for Geroscience (GERO), Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA; Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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70
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Kuang M, Li L, Li C, Wang G. Protective effects of UFL1 against endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced autophagy in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:1115-1125. [PMID: 31721015 PMCID: PMC6883021 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-01033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 (UFM1)-specific ligase 1 (UFL1) is an important component of the UFM1 conjugation system, which is required for various cellular processes including protein translation, apoptosis, autophagy, and signal transduction. However, both, the expression of UFL1 in mammary cells and its role in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we characterized the potential roles of UFL1 in BMECs. Amino acid sequence comparison indicated that bovine UFL1 shares a high level of sequence identity with the UFL1 of other ruminant species. Notably, UFL1 expression in BMECs was increased by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by treatment with tunicamycin (TM). ER stress-related gene expression was further increased in UFL1 knockdown cells upon TM treatment. Moreover, UFL1 overexpression inhibited TM-stimulated ER stress and alleviated ER stress-induced autophagy. Together, our results indicated that UFL1 is a novel ER stress-responsive protein in BMECs. Thus, our study provides a basis for further research into ER stress-related processes in bovine mammary tissues and potential targets for alleviating ER stress in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqian Kuang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu China
| | - Lian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu China
| | - Chengmin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu China
| | - Genlin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu China
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71
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Karagöz GE, Aragón T, Acosta-Alvear D. Recent advances in signal integration mechanisms in the unfolded protein response. F1000Res 2019; 8. [PMID: 31723416 PMCID: PMC6833987 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.19848.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery more than 25 years ago, great progress has been made in our understanding of the unfolded protein response (UPR), a homeostatic mechanism that adjusts endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function to satisfy the physiological demands of the cell. However, if ER homeostasis is unattainable, the UPR switches to drive cell death to remove defective cells in an effort to protect the health of the organism. This functional dichotomy places the UPR at the crossroads of the adaptation versus apoptosis decision. Here, we focus on new developments in UPR signaling mechanisms, in the interconnectivity among the signaling pathways that make up the UPR in higher eukaryotes, and in the coordination between the UPR and other fundamental cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Elif Karagöz
- Max Perutz Labs Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tomás Aragón
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Diego Acosta-Alvear
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
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Li J, Yue G, Ma W, Zhang A, Zou J, Cai Y, Tang X, Wang J, Liu J, Li H, Su H. Ufm1-Specific Ligase Ufl1 Regulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis and Protects Against Heart Failure. Circ Heart Fail 2019; 11:e004917. [PMID: 30354401 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.118.004917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defects in protein homeostasis are sufficient to provoke cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Although posttranslational modifications by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins are emerging as an important regulatory mechanism of protein function, the role of Ufm1 (ubiquitin-fold modifier 1)-a novel ubiquitin-like protein-has not been explored in either the normal or stressed heart. METHODS AND RESULTS Western blotting revealed that Ufl1 (Ufm1-specific E3 ligase 1)-an enzyme essential for Ufm1 modification-was increased in hypertrophic mouse hearts but reduced in the failing hearts of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. To determine the functional role of Ufl1 in the heart, we generated a cardiac-specific knockout mouse and showed that Ufl1-deficient mice developed age-dependent cardiomyopathy and heart failure, as indicated by elevated cardiac fetal gene expression, increased fibrosis, and impaired cardiac contractility. When challenged with pressure overload, Ufl1-deficient hearts exhibited remarkably greater hypertrophy, exacerbated fibrosis, and worsened cardiac contractility compared with control counterparts. Transcriptome analysis identified that genes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function were dysregulated in Ufl1-deficient hearts. Biochemical analysis revealed that excessive ER stress preceded and deteriorated along with the development of cardiomyopathy in Ufl1-deficient hearts. Mechanistically, Ufl1 depletion impaired (PKR-like ER-resident kinase) signaling and aggravated cardiomyocyte cell death after ER stress. Administration of the chemical ER chaperone tauroursodeoxycholic acid to Ufl1-deficient mice alleviated ER stress and attenuated pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Our results advance a novel concept that the Ufm1 system is essential for cardiac homeostasis through regulation of ER function and that upregulation of myocardial Ufl1 could be protective against heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Vascular Biology Center (J.L., G.Y., W.M., A.Z., J.Z., H.S.), Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University
| | - Guihua Yue
- Vascular Biology Center (J.L., G.Y., W.M., A.Z., J.Z., H.S.), Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University.,Guangxi Medical College, Nanning, China (G.Y.)
| | - Wenxia Ma
- Vascular Biology Center (J.L., G.Y., W.M., A.Z., J.Z., H.S.), Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University
| | - Aizhen Zhang
- Vascular Biology Center (J.L., G.Y., W.M., A.Z., J.Z., H.S.), Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University.,Affiliated Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning (A.Z.)
| | - Jianqiu Zou
- Vascular Biology Center (J.L., G.Y., W.M., A.Z., J.Z., H.S.), Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University
| | - Yafei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, China (Y.C.)
| | - Xiaoli Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China (X.T.)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Basic Research Laboratories, Center for Stem Cell Engineering, Texas Heart Institute, Houston (J.W.)
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, China (J.L., H.S.)
| | - Honglin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (H.L.), Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University
| | - Huabo Su
- Vascular Biology Center (J.L., G.Y., W.M., A.Z., J.Z., H.S.), Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (H.S.), Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University.,Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, China (J.L., H.S.)
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73
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Wang Z, Gong Y, Peng B, Shi R, Fan D, Zhao H, Zhu M, Zhang H, Lou Z, Zhou J, Zhu WG, Cong YS, Xu X. MRE11 UFMylation promotes ATM activation. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:4124-4135. [PMID: 30783677 PMCID: PMC6486557 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A proper DNA damage response (DDR) is essential to maintain genome integrity and prevent tumorigenesis. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most toxic DNA lesion and their repair is orchestrated by the ATM kinase. ATM is activated via the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex along with its autophosphorylation at S1981 and acetylation at K3106. Activated ATM rapidly phosphorylates a vast number of substrates in local chromatin, providing a scaffold for the assembly of higher-order complexes that can repair damaged DNA. While reversible ubiquitination has an important role in the DSB response, modification of the newly identified ubiquitin-like protein ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 and the function of UFMylation in the DDR is largely unknown. Here, we found that MRE11 is UFMylated on K282 and this UFMylation is required for the MRN complex formation under unperturbed conditions and DSB-induced optimal ATM activation, homologous recombination-mediated repair and genome integrity. A pathogenic mutation MRE11(G285C) identified in uterine endometrioid carcinoma exhibited a similar cellular phenotype as the UFMylation-defective mutant MRE11(K282R). Taken together, MRE11 UFMylation promotes ATM activation, DSB repair and genome stability, and potentially serves as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yamin Gong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Shenzhen University-Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Joint PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Ruifeng Shi
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Shenzhen University-Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Joint PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Dan Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Hongchang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Min Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Haoxing Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- College of Life Sciences & Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Zhenkun Lou
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN 55905, USA
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Cong
- Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Shenzhen University-Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Joint PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
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74
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Post-Translational Modifications of the Mini-Chromosome Maintenance Proteins in DNA Replication. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10050331. [PMID: 31052337 PMCID: PMC6563057 DOI: 10.3390/genes10050331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic mini-chromosome maintenance (MCM) complex, composed of MCM proteins 2-7, is the core component of the replisome that acts as the DNA replicative helicase to unwind duplex DNA and initiate DNA replication. MCM10 tightly binds the cell division control protein 45 homolog (CDC45)/MCM2-7/ DNA replication complex Go-Ichi-Ni-San (GINS) (CMG) complex that stimulates CMG helicase activity. The MCM8-MCM9 complex may have a non-essential role in activating the pre-replicative complex in the gap 1 (G1) phase by recruiting cell division cycle 6 (CDC6) to the origin recognition complex (ORC). Each MCM subunit has a distinct function achieved by differential post-translational modifications (PTMs) in both DNA replication process and response to replication stress. Such PTMs include phosphorylation, ubiquitination, small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)ylation, O-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc)ylation, and acetylation. These PTMs have an important role in controlling replication progress and genome stability. Because MCM proteins are associated with various human diseases, they are regarded as potential targets for therapeutic development. In this review, we summarize the different PTMs of the MCM proteins, their involvement in DNA replication and disease development, and the potential therapeutic implications.
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75
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Chen F, Xing C, Zhang W, Li J, Hu T, Li L, Li H, Cai Y. Salubrinal, a novel inhibitor of eIF-2α dephosphorylation, promotes erythropoiesis at early stage targeted by ufmylation pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18560-18570. [PMID: 30908643 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ufmylation was proved to play a crucial role in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) survival and erythroid differentiation, ufmylation deficiency induces acute anemia and lethality of embryos and adults in mouse models. To screen some compounds to rescue phenotypes induced by gene deletion, in this study, we used DDRGK1F/F ; CreERT2 conditional knockout mice, DDRGK1F/F ; CreERT2 bone marrow (BM) and fetal liver cells (FL), Uba5, and DDRGK1 knockdown human CD34 cell in vivo and in vitro, we found salubrinal, a novel inhibitor of eIF-2α dephosphorylation, promoted erythropoiesis at early stage, and partly rescued the acute anemia induce by DDRGK1 deficiency through upregulation of ufmylation and erythroid transcription factors. In phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced hemolytic anemia mice, interestingly, salubrinal could significantly improve hemocrit and red blood cell (RBC) indices of the mice treated with PHZ via upregulation of ufmylation. Its novel function was verified to attenuate unfolded protein response (UPR) and cell death programs, and to keep endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis in HSCs. Taken together results, it suggested that salubrinal may be a promising antianemic agent targeted by ufmylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaofeng Xing
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Tianxiang Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Lian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Honglin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Shanghai 10th Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
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76
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Ufbp1 promotes plasma cell development and ER expansion by modulating distinct branches of UPR. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1084. [PMID: 30842412 PMCID: PMC6403283 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08908-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The IRE1α/XBP1 branch of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway has a critical function in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) expansion in plasma cells via unknown mechanisms; interestingly, another UPR branch, PERK, is suppressed during plasma cell development. Here we show that Ufbp1, a target and cofactor of the ufmylation pathway, promotes plasma cell development by suppressing the activation of PERK. By contrast, the IRE1α/XBP1 axis upregulates the expression of Ufbp1 and ufmylation pathway genes in plasma cells, while Ufbp1 deficiency impairs ER expansion in plasma cells and retards immunoglobulin production. Structure and function analysis suggests that lysine 267 of Ufbp1, the main lysine in Ufbp1 that undergoes ufmylation, is dispensable for the development of plasmablasts, but is required for immunoglobulin production and stimulation of ER expansion in IRE1α-deficient plasmablasts. Thus, Ufbp1 distinctly regulates different branches of UPR pathway to promote plasma cell development and function. IRE1 and PERK, both important mediators of the unfold protein response pathway, are differentially regulated during plasma cell differentiation. Here the authors show that an ufmylation target, Ufbp1, suppresses PERK to stimulate plasma cell development and is induced by the IRE1/XBP1 pathway to promote ER expansion .
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77
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Indispensable role of the Ubiquitin-fold modifier 1-specific E3 ligase in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and controlling gut inflammation. Cell Discov 2019; 5:7. [PMID: 30701081 PMCID: PMC6349939 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-018-0070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal exocrine secretory cells, including Paneth and goblet cells, have a pivotal role in intestinal barrier function and mucosal immunity. Dysfunction of these cells may lead to the pathogenesis of human diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, identification and elucidation of key molecular mechanisms that regulate the development and function of these exocrine cells would be crucial for understanding of disease pathogenesis and discovery of new therapeutic targets. The Ufm1 conjugation system is a novel ubiquitin-like modification system that consists of Ufm1 (Ubiquitin modifier 1), Uba5 (Ufm1-activating enzyme, E1), Ufc1 (Ufm1-conjugating enzyme, E2) and poorly characterized Ufm1 E3 ligase(s). Recent mouse genetic studies have demonstrated its indispensable role in embryonic development and hematopoiesis. Yet its role in other tissues and organs remains poorly defined. In this study, we found that both Ufl1 and Ufbp1, two key components of the Ufm1 E3 ligase, were highly expressed in the intestinal exocrine cells. Ablation of either Ufl1 and Ufbp1 led to significant loss of both Paneth and goblet cells, which in turn resulted in dysbiotic microbiota and increased susceptibility to experimentally induced colitis. At the cellular and molecular levels, Ufbp1 deficiency caused elevation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and activation of the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) and cell death program. Administration of small molecular chaperone partially prevented loss of Paneth cells caused by acute Ufbp1 deletion. Taken together, our results have provided unambiguous evidence for the crucial role of the Ufm1 E3 ligase in maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and protection from inflammatory diseases.
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78
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Yang R, Wang H, Kang B, Chen B, Shi Y, Yang S, Sun L, Liu Y, Xiao W, Zhang T, Yang J, Zhang Y, Zhu M, Xu P, Chang Y, Jia Y, Huang Y. CDK5RAP3, a UFL1 substrate adaptor, is crucial for liver development. Development 2019; 146:dev.169235. [PMID: 30635284 DOI: 10.1242/dev.169235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Protein modification by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) regulates numerous biological functions. The UFM1 system, a novel UBL conjugation system, is implicated in mouse development and hematopoiesis. However, its broad biological functions and working mechanisms remain largely elusive. CDK5RAP3, a possible ufmylation substrate, is essential for epiboly and gastrulation in zebrafish. Herein, we report a crucial role of CDK5RAP3 in liver development and hepatic functions. Cdk5rap3 knockout mice displayed prenatal lethality with severe liver hypoplasia, as characterized by delayed proliferation and compromised differentiation. Hepatocyte-specific Cdk5rap3 knockout mice suffered post-weaning lethality, owing to serious hypoglycemia and impaired lipid metabolism. Depletion of CDK5RAP3 triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress and activated unfolded protein responses in hepatocytes. We detected the in vivo interaction of CDK5RAP3 with UFL1, the defined E3 ligase in ufmylation. Notably, loss of CDK5RAP3 altered the ufmylation profile in liver cells, suggesting that CDK5RAP3 serves as a novel substrate adaptor for this UBL modification. Collectively, our study identifies CDK5RAP3 as an important regulator of ufmylation and suggests the involvement of ufmylation in mammalian development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Huanmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Boxi Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yaoyao Shi
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Shuchun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Lihong Sun
- Center for Experimental Animal Research, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yufang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Weidi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Juntao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Mingzhao Zhu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yongsheng Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yuyan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China .,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China .,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
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79
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Espín-Pérez A, Krauskopf J, Chadeau-Hyam M, van Veldhoven K, Chung F, Cullinan P, Piepers J, van Herwijnen M, Kubesch N, Carrasco-Turigas G, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Vineis P, Kleinjans JCS, de Kok TMCM. Short-term transcriptome and microRNAs responses to exposure to different air pollutants in two population studies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 242:182-190. [PMID: 29980036 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Diesel vehicle emissions are the major source of genotoxic compounds in ambient air from urban areas. These pollutants are linked to risks of cardiovascular diseases, lung cancer, respiratory infections and adverse neurological effects. Biological events associated with exposure to some air pollutants are widely unknown but applying omics techniques may help to identify the molecular processes that link exposure to disease risk. Most data on health risks are related to long-term exposure, so the aim of this study is to investigate the impact of short-term exposure (two hours) to air pollutants on the blood transcriptome and microRNA expression levels. We analyzed transcriptomics and microRNA expression using microarray technology on blood samples from volunteers participating in studies in London, the Oxford Street cohort, and, in Barcelona, the TAPAS cohort. Personal exposure levels measurements of particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), ultrafine particles (UFPC), nitrogen oxides (NO2, NO and NOx), black carbon (BC) and carbon oxides (CO and CO2) were registered for each volunteer. Associations between air pollutant levels and gene/microRNA expression were evaluated using multivariate normal models (MVN). MVN-models identified compound-specific expression of blood cell genes and microRNAs associated with air pollution despite the low exposure levels, the short exposure periods and the relatively small-sized cohorts. Hsa-miR-197-3p, hsa-miR-29a-3p, hsa-miR-15a-5p, hsa-miR-16-5p and hsa-miR-92a-3p are found significantly expressed in association with exposures. These microRNAs target also relevant transcripts, indicating their potential relevance in the research of omics-biomarkers responding to air pollution. Furthermore, these microRNAs are also known to be associated with diseases previously linked to air pollution exposure including several cancers such lung cancer and Alzheimer's disease. In conclusion, we identified in this study promising compound-specific mRNA and microRNA biomarkers after two hours of exposure to low levels of air pollutants during two hours that suggest increased cancer risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Espín-Pérez
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Julian Krauskopf
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marc Chadeau-Hyam
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Karin van Veldhoven
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Fan Chung
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Cullinan
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jolanda Piepers
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel van Herwijnen
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nadine Kubesch
- Centre for Epidemiology and Screening, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jos C S Kleinjans
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Theo M C M de Kok
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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80
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Wu Y, Li J, Qin X, Sun S, Xiao Z, Dong X, Shahid MS, Yin D, Yuan J. Proteome and microbiota analysis reveals alterations of liver-gut axis under different stocking density of Peking ducks. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198985. [PMID: 30365498 PMCID: PMC6203259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the impact of stocking density on the liver proteome and cecal microbiota of Peking ducks. A total of 1,200 21-day-old ducks were randomly assigned to 5 stocking density groups of 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 ducks/m2, with 6 replicates for each group. At 40 days of age, duck serum and pectorals were collected for biochemical tests; liver and cecal contents of ducks were gathered for proteome and microbiota analysis, respectively. Serum MDA increased while pectorals T-AOC reduced linearly with enhancing stocking density. Duck lipid metabolism was altered under different stocking density as well. Serum LDL-C increased linearly with increasing stocking density. Proteome analysis revealed fatty acid biosynthesis proteins such as acyl-CoA synthetase family member 2 and fatty acid oxidation related proteins including acyl-CoA dehydrogenase long chain and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase were enriched in high stocking density group. Additionally, high stocking density increased oxidative response associated proteins such as DDRGK domain containing 1. Furthermore, increasing stocking density diminished proteins of anti-oxidant capacity including regucalcin and catalase. 16S rDNA analysis revealed that higher stocking density was accompanied with decreased microbial diversity, as well as depletion of anti-inflammatory bacterial taxa, including Bacteroidales, Butyricimonas and Alistipe. Besides, reduced bile acid metabolism-associated bacteria such as Ruminococcaceae, Clostridiales and Desulfovibrionaceae were found in the high-density group. Both proteome and 16S rDNA results showed inflammation and chronic liver disease trend in the high-density group, which suggests the involvement of the liver-gut axis in oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhui Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Xin Qin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Shiqiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Suhaib Shahid
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dafei Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianmin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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81
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Witting KF, van der Heden van Noort GJ, Kofoed C, Talavera Ormeño C, el Atmioui D, Mulder MPC, Ovaa H. Generation of the UFM1 Toolkit for Profiling UFM1-Specific Proteases and Ligases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14164-14168. [PMID: 30188611 PMCID: PMC6220884 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 (UFM1) is a reversible post-translational modifier that is covalently attached to target proteins through an enzymatic cascade and removed by designated proteases. Abnormalities in this process, referred to as Ufmylation, have been associated with a variety of human diseases. Given this, the UFM1-specific enzymes represent potential therapeutic targets; however, understanding of their biological function has been hampered by the lack of chemical tools for activity profiling. To address this unmet need, a diversifiable platform for UFM1 activity-based probes (ABPs) utilizing a native chemical ligation (NCL) strategy was developed, enabling the generation of a variety of tools to profile both UFM1 conjugating and deconjugating enzymes. The use of the probes is demonstrated in vitro and in vivo for monitoring UFM1 enzyme reactivity, opening new research avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina F. Witting
- Oncode Institute & Department of Cell and Chemical BiologyLeiden University Medical Center (LUMC)Einthovenweg 202333 ZCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Gerbrand J. van der Heden van Noort
- Oncode Institute & Department of Cell and Chemical BiologyLeiden University Medical Center (LUMC)Einthovenweg 202333 ZCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Christian Kofoed
- Department of ChemistryCenter for Evolutionary Chemical BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenUniversitetsparken 52100CopenhagenDenmark
| | - Cami Talavera Ormeño
- Oncode Institute & Department of Cell and Chemical BiologyLeiden University Medical Center (LUMC)Einthovenweg 202333 ZCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Dris el Atmioui
- Oncode Institute & Department of Cell and Chemical BiologyLeiden University Medical Center (LUMC)Einthovenweg 202333 ZCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Monique P. C. Mulder
- Oncode Institute & Department of Cell and Chemical BiologyLeiden University Medical Center (LUMC)Einthovenweg 202333 ZCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Huib Ovaa
- Oncode Institute & Department of Cell and Chemical BiologyLeiden University Medical Center (LUMC)Einthovenweg 202333 ZCLeidenThe Netherlands
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82
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Witting KF, van der Heden van Noort GJ, Kofoed C, Talavera Ormeño C, el Atmioui D, Mulder MPC, Ovaa H. Generation of the UFM1 Toolkit for Profiling UFM1-Specific Proteases and Ligases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina F. Witting
- Oncode Institute & Department of Cell and Chemical Biology; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Gerbrand J. van der Heden van Noort
- Oncode Institute & Department of Cell and Chemical Biology; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Christian Kofoed
- Department of Chemistry; Center for Evolutionary Chemical Biology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Cami Talavera Ormeño
- Oncode Institute & Department of Cell and Chemical Biology; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Dris el Atmioui
- Oncode Institute & Department of Cell and Chemical Biology; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Monique P. C. Mulder
- Oncode Institute & Department of Cell and Chemical Biology; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Huib Ovaa
- Oncode Institute & Department of Cell and Chemical Biology; Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC); Einthovenweg 20 2333 ZC Leiden The Netherlands
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83
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Chen YZ, Kim Y, Soliman HH, Ying G, Lee JK. Single drug biomarker prediction for ER- breast cancer outcome from chemotherapy. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:595-605. [PMID: 29599124 PMCID: PMC5920016 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
ER-negative breast cancer includes most aggressive subtypes of breast cancer such as triple negative (TN) breast cancer. Excluded from hormonal and targeted therapies effectively used for other subtypes of breast cancer, standard chemotherapy is one of the primary treatment options for these patients. However, as ER- patients have shown highly heterogeneous responses to different chemotherapies, it has been difficult to select most beneficial chemotherapy treatments for them. In this study, we have simultaneously developed single drug biomarker models for four standard chemotherapy agents: paclitaxel (T), 5-fluorouracil (F), doxorubicin (A) and cyclophosphamide (C) to predict responses and survival of ER- breast cancer patients treated with combination chemotherapies. We then flexibly combined these individual drug biomarkers for predicting patient outcomes of two independent cohorts of ER- breast cancer patients who were treated with different drug combinations of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These individual and combined drug biomarker models significantly predicted chemotherapy response for 197 ER- patients in the Hatzis cohort (AUC = 0.637, P = 0.002) and 69 ER- patients in the Hess cohort (AUC = 0.635, P = 0.056). The prediction was also significant for the TN subgroup of both cohorts (AUC = 0.60, 0.72, P = 0.043, 0.009). In survival analysis, our predicted responder patients showed significantly improved survival with a >17 months longer median PFS than the predicted non-responder patients for both ER- and TN subgroups (log-rank test P-value = 0.018 and 0.044). This flexible prediction capability based on single drug biomarkers may allow us to even select new drug combinations most beneficial to individual patients with ER- breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Zi Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and BioinformaticsH. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Cancer Cell BiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Youngchul Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and BioinformaticsH. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Hatem H Soliman
- Department of Women's Oncology and Experimental TherapeuticsH. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Clinical SciencesCollege of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - GuoGuang Ying
- Department of Cancer Cell BiologyTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jae K Lee
- Department of Biostatistics and BioinformaticsH. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Clinical SciencesCollege of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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84
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Su M, Yue Z, Wang H, Jia M, Bai C, Qiu W, Chen J. Ufmylation Is Activated in Vascular Remodeling and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endothelial Cell Injury. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 37:426-431. [PMID: 29461087 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2017.4073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Yue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Jia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Congxia Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingzhou Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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85
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Zhu Y, Lei Q, Li D, Zhang Y, Jiang X, Hu Z, Xu G. Proteomic and Biochemical Analyses Reveal a Novel Mechanism for Promoting Protein Ubiquitination and Degradation by UFBP1, a Key Component of Ufmylation. J Proteome Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Qing Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Dan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaogang Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zhanhong Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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86
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Zou M, Li R, Wang JY, Wang K, Wang YN, Li Y, Ji FX, Sun SN, Huang SS, Fan HH, Huang CP, Zhang X, Zhu JH. Association analyses of variants of SIPA1L2, MIR4697, GCH1, VPS13C, and DDRGK1 with Parkinson's disease in East Asians. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 68:159.e7-159.e14. [PMID: 29622492 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A recent large-scale European-originated genome-wide association data meta-analysis followed by a replication study identified 6 new risk loci for Parkinson's disease (PD), which include rs10797576/SIPA1L2, rs117896735/INPP5F, rs329648/MIR4697, rs11158026/GCH1, rs2414739/VPS13C, and rs8118008/DDRGK1. However, whether these new loci are associated with PD in Asian populations remain elusive. The INPP5F is nonpolymorphic in Asians. The present study aimed to understand the effects of the other 5 new loci in a Han Chinese population comprising 579 sporadic PD patients and 642 controls. Significant associations with PD were observed in the variants of SIPA1L2 (p = 0.001) and VPS13C (p = 0.007), where the T (odd ratio [OR] = 1.484, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.186-1.858) and A (OR = 1.362, 95% CI 1.087-1.707) alleles serve as the risk alleles, respectively. The genotype distributions in the SIPA1L2 and VPS13C variants were also different between the patients and controls (p = 0.002 and p = 0.023, respectively). In contrast, no significant association with PD was found in the variants of MIR4697, GCH1, and DDRGK1 either in allele or genotype frequencies. Noteworthy, a followed meta-analysis of East Asian studies suggested an association of the GCH1 variant with PD (p = 0.04, OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.00-1.16), while the other results are in line with those of our cohort. In conclusion, our study together with meta-analyses demonstrates that the variants of SIPA1L2 and VPS13C, potentially GCH1, but not of MIR4697 and DDRGK1, are associated with PD susceptibility in East Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zou
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian-Yong Wang
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei-Xue Ji
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sheng-Nan Sun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shi-Shi Huang
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui-Hui Fan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen-Ping Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jian-Hong Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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87
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Xie H, Tang CHA, Song JH, Mancuso A, Del Valle JR, Cao J, Xiang Y, Dang CV, Lan R, Sanchez DJ, Keith B, Hu CCA, Simon MC. IRE1α RNase-dependent lipid homeostasis promotes survival in Myc-transformed cancers. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:1300-1316. [PMID: 29381485 DOI: 10.1172/jci95864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myc activation is a primary oncogenic event in many human cancers; however, these transcription factors are difficult to inhibit pharmacologically, suggesting that Myc-dependent downstream effectors may be more tractable therapeutic targets. Here, we show that Myc overexpression induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and engages the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α)/X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) pathway through multiple molecular mechanisms in a variety of c-Myc- and N-Myc-dependent cancers. In particular, Myc-overexpressing cells require IRE1α/XBP1 signaling for sustained growth and survival in vitro and in vivo, dependent on elevated stearoyl-CoA-desaturase 1 (SCD1) activity. Pharmacological and genetic XBP1 inhibition induces Myc-dependent apoptosis, which is alleviated by exogenous unsaturated fatty acids. Of note, SCD1 inhibition phenocopies IRE1α RNase activity suppression in vivo. Furthermore, IRE1α inhibition enhances the cytotoxic effects of standard chemotherapy drugs used to treat c-Myc-overexpressing Burkitt's lymphoma, suggesting that inhibiting the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway is a useful general strategy for treatment of Myc-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xie
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and.,Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Jun H Song
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Juan R Del Valle
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jin Cao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology.,Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, and.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yan Xiang
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and
| | - Chi V Dang
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and
| | - Roy Lan
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and
| | - Danielle J Sanchez
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian Keith
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and.,Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - M Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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88
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Terai H, Kitajima S, Potter DS, Matsui Y, Quiceno LG, Chen T, Kim TJ, Rusan M, Thai TC, Piccioni F, Donovan KA, Kwiatkowski N, Hinohara K, Wei G, Gray NS, Fischer ES, Wong KK, Shimamura T, Letai A, Hammerman PS, Barbie DA. ER Stress Signaling Promotes the Survival of Cancer "Persister Cells" Tolerant to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Cancer Res 2018; 78:1044-1057. [PMID: 29259014 PMCID: PMC5815936 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An increasingly recognized component of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) involves persistence of a drug-tolerant subpopulation of cancer cells that survive despite effective eradication of the majority of the cell population. Multiple groups have demonstrated that these drug-tolerant persister cells undergo transcriptional adaptation via an epigenetic state change that promotes cell survival. Because this mode of TKI drug tolerance appears to involve transcriptional addiction to specific genes and pathways, we hypothesized that systematic functional screening of EGFR TKI/transcriptional inhibitor combination therapy would yield important mechanistic insights and alternative drug escape pathways. We therefore performed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 enhancer/suppressor screen in EGFR-dependent lung cancer PC9 cells treated with erlotinib + THZ1 (CDK7/12 inhibitor) combination therapy, a combination previously shown to suppress drug-tolerant cells in this setting. As expected, suppression of multiple genes associated with transcriptional complexes (EP300, CREBBP, and MED1) enhanced erlotinib/THZ1 synergy. Unexpectedly, we uncovered nearly every component of the recently described ufmylation pathway in the synergy suppressor group. Loss of ufmylation did not affect canonical downstream EGFR signaling. Instead, absence of this pathway triggered a protective unfolded protein response associated with STING upregulation, promoting protumorigenic inflammatory signaling but also unique dependence on Bcl-xL. These data reveal that dysregulation of ufmylation and ER stress comprise a previously unrecognized TKI drug tolerance pathway that engages survival signaling, with potentially important therapeutic implications.Significance: These findings reveal a novel function of the recently described ufmylation pathway, an ER stress survival signaling in drug-tolerant persister cells, which has important biological and therapeutic implications. Cancer Res; 78(4); 1044-57. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Terai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shunsuke Kitajima
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Danielle S Potter
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yusuke Matsui
- Department of Systems Biology Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Ting Chen
- Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Tae-Jung Kim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Rusan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tran C Thai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Federica Piccioni
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Katherine A Donovan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nicholas Kwiatkowski
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kunihiko Hinohara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Guo Wei
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute or MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eric S Fischer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Department of Systems Biology Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Anthony Letai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter S Hammerman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - David A Barbie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
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89
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Hetz C, Papa FR. The Unfolded Protein Response and Cell Fate Control. Mol Cell 2018; 69:169-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 744] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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90
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Wang Z, Zhu WG, Xu X. Ubiquitin-like modifications in the DNA damage response. Mutat Res 2017; 803-805:56-75. [PMID: 28734548 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Genomic DNA is damaged at an extremely high frequency by both endogenous and environmental factors. An improper response to DNA damage can lead to genome instability, accelerate the aging process and ultimately cause various human diseases, including cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. The mechanisms that underlie the cellular DNA damage response (DDR) are complex and are regulated at many levels, including at the level of post-translational modification (PTM). Since the discovery of ubiquitin in 1975 and ubiquitylation as a form of PTM in the early 1980s, a number of ubiquitin-like modifiers (UBLs) have been identified, including small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs), neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 8 (NEDD8), interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-F adjacent transcript 10 (FAT10), ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 (UFRM1), URM1 ubiquitin-related modifier-1 (URM1), autophagy-related protein 12 (ATG12), autophagy-related protein 8 (ATG8), fan ubiquitin-like protein 1 (FUB1) and histone mono-ubiquitylation 1 (HUB1). All of these modifiers have known roles in the cellular response to various forms of stress, and delineating their underlying molecular mechanisms and functions is fundamental in enhancing our understanding of human disease and longevity. To date, however, the molecular mechanisms and functions of these UBLs in the DDR remain largely unknown. This review summarizes the current status of PTMs by UBLs in the DDR and their implication in cancer diagnosis, therapy and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response, Capital Normal University College of Life Sciences, Beijing 100048, China.
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