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Sandhu AT, Calma J, Skye M, Kalwani NM, Zheng J, Schirmer J, Din N, Brown Johnson C, Gupta A, Lan R, Yu B, Spertus JA, Heidenreich PA. Clinical Impact of Routine Assessment of Patient-Reported Health Status in Heart Failure Clinic. Circulation 2024. [PMID: 38583147 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.124.069624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of routine clinic use of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures on clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) has not been well-characterized. We tested if clinic-based use of a disease-specific PRO improves patient-reported quality of life at 1 year. METHODS PRO-HF was an open-label, parallel, patient-level randomized clinical trial of routine PRO assessment or usual care at an academic HF clinic between August 30, 2021, and June 30, 2022, with 1 year of follow-up. In the PRO assessment arm, participants completed the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12 (KCCQ-12) at each HF clinic visit and results were shared with their treating clinician. The usual care arm completed the KCCQ-12 at randomization and 1 year later, which was not shared with the treating clinician. The primary outcome was the KCCQ-12 Overall Summary Score (OSS) between 12-15 months post-randomization. Secondary outcomes included domains of the KCCQ-12, hospitalization and emergency department visit rates, HF medication therapy, clinic visit frequency, and testing rates. RESULTS Across 17 clinicians, 1,248 participants were enrolled and randomized to PRO assessment (n=624) or usual care (n=624). The median age was 63.9 (interquartile range [IQR] 51.8-72.8), 38.9% were women, and the median baseline KCCQ-12 OSS was 82.3 (IQR 58.3-94.8). Final KCCQ-12 (available in 87.9% of the PRO arm and 85.1% in usual care [p=0.16]) median OSS scores were 87.5 (IQR 68.8-96.9) in the PRO arm and 87.6 (IQR 69.7-96.9) in the usual care arm with a baseline-adjusted mean difference of 0.2 (95% CI: -1.7 to 2.0; p=0.85). The results were consistent across pre-specified subgroups. A post hoc analysis demonstrated a significant interaction with greater benefit among participants with baseline KCCQ-12 OSS scores of 60-80 but not in less or more symptomatic participants. No significant differences were found in 1-year mortality, hospitalizations, ED visits, medication therapy, clinic follow-up, or testing rates between arms. CONCLUSIONS Routine PRO assessment in HF clinic visits did not impact patient-reported quality of life or other clinical outcomes. Alternate strategies and settings for embedding PROs into routine clinical care should be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Sandhu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Palo Alto Veteran's Affairs Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA; Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Jamie Calma
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Megan Skye
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Palo Alto Veteran's Affairs Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Neil M Kalwani
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Palo Alto Veteran's Affairs Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Jimmy Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Jessica Schirmer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Natasha Din
- Palo Alto Veteran's Affairs Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA
| | | | - Anshal Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Roy Lan
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Brian Yu
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - John A Spertus
- University of Missouri, Kansas City's Healthcare Institute for Innovations in Quality and Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO
| | - Paul A Heidenreich
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Palo Alto Veteran's Affairs Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA
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Paranjpe I, Lan R, Jaladanki S, Narula J, Glicksberg B, Nadkarni G, Kamat S. ASSOCIATION OF CANNABIS USE DISORDER WITH RISK OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: A MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION STUDY. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(23)02129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Hoarau E, Quilhot P, Baaroun V, Lescaille G, Campana F, Lan R, Rochefort J. Oral giant cell tumor or giant cell granuloma: How to know? Heliyon 2023; 9:e14087. [PMID: 36923864 PMCID: PMC10008978 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The distinction between giant cell tumors and giant cell granulomas is challenging, as both entities have overlapping diagnostic criteria, especially in oral locations. The two entities have similar clinical and radiological presentations, but they differ in their prognoses. Objective The main objective of this study was to list the clinical, radiological, histological, and prognostic features of maxillomandibular giant cell tumors and giant cell granulomas cases n order to assess their value as a diagnostic referral factor that may allow the distinction between maxillo-mandibular giant cell granuloma and giant cell tumor. Study design Data of maxillomandibular giant cell granulomas and giant cell tumors were assessed through a scoping review and a pre-existing systematic review of literature. We have also realized a bicentric retrospective study. Results Various criteria facilitate the differential diagnosis like age, size, locularity and presence of necrosis zone but not the gender. The most discriminating factors was symptomatology (reported in 72% of GCTs while only 15% of GCGs) and the distribution pattern of giant cells in the stroma (homogeneously dispersed in 80% of GCTs versus grouped in clusters in 86.7% of GCGs). Recurrences were most described for giant cell tumors than giant cell granulomas. Malignant transformation and pulmonary metastasis were exclusively reported for giant cell tumors. Conclusion As clinical and radiological elements are not sufficient to distinguish between these two entities, immunohistochemistry and molecular genetics can be represent diagnostic biomarkers to distinguish giant cell granulomas and giant cell tumors in oral cavity. We have attempted to define the main criteria for the differentiation of giant cell tumor and giant cell granuloma and propose a decision tree for the management of single maxillomandibular giant cell lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hoarau
- Service Odontologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, Timone Hospital, Oral Surgery Department, Marseille, France
| | - P Quilhot
- Médecine Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - V Baaroun
- Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Santé, UFR Odontologie, Paris, France.,Service Odontologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - G Lescaille
- Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Santé, UFR Odontologie, Paris, France.,Service Odontologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - F Campana
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Timone Hospital, Oral Surgery Department, Marseille, France
| | - R Lan
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Timone Hospital, Oral Surgery Department, Marseille, France
| | - J Rochefort
- Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Santé, UFR Odontologie, Paris, France.,Service Odontologie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Sandhu AT, Zheng J, Kalwani N, Gupta A, Calma J, Skye M, Lan R, Yu B, Spertus J, Heidenreich P. Impact of Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement in Heart Failure Clinic on Clinician Health Status Assessment and Patient Experience: A Substudy of the PRO-HF Trial. Circ Heart Fail 2023; 16:e010280. [PMID: 36334312 PMCID: PMC10108581 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.122.010280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinicians typically estimate heart failure health status using the New York Heart Association Class, which is often discordant with patient-reported health status. It is unknown whether collecting patient-reported health status improves the accuracy of clinician assessments. METHODS The PRO-HF trial (Patient-Reported Outcomes in Heart Failure Clinic) is a randomized, nonblinded trial evaluating routine Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12 (KCCQ-12) collection in heart failure clinic. Patients with a scheduled visit to Stanford heart failure clinic between August 30, 2021 and June 30, 2022 were enrolled and randomized to KCCQ-12 assessment or usual care. In this prespecified substudy, we evaluated whether access to the KCCQ-12 improved the accuracy of clinicians' New York Heart Association assessment or patients' perspectives on their clinician interaction. We surveyed clinicians regarding their patients' New York Heart Association Class, quality of life, and symptom frequency. Clinician responses were compared with patients' KCCQ-12 responses. We surveyed patients regarding their clinician interactions. RESULTS Of the 1248 enrolled patients, 1051 (84.2%) attended a visit during the substudy. KCCQ-12 results were given to the clinicians treating the 528 patients in the KCCQ-12 arm; the 523 patients in the usual care arm completed the KCCQ-12 without the results being shared. The correlation between New York Heart Association Class and KCCQ-12 Overall Summary Score was stronger when clinicians had access to the KCCQ-12 (r=-0.73 versus r=-0.61, P<0.001). More patients in the KCCQ-12 arm strongly agreed that their clinician understood their symptoms (95.2% versus 89.7% of respondents [odds ratio' 2.27; 95% CI' 1.32-3.87]). However, patients in both arms reported similar quality of clinician communication and therapeutic alliance. CONCLUSIONS Collecting the KCCQ-12 in heart failure clinic improved clinicians' accuracy of health status assessment; correspondingly, patients believed their clinicians better understood their symptoms. REGISTRATION URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov; Unique identifier: NCT04164004.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Sandhu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Palo Alto Veteran’s Affairs Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA
- Center for Digital Health, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Jimmy Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Neil Kalwani
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Palo Alto Veteran’s Affairs Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Anshal Gupta
- Palo Alto Veteran’s Affairs Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Jamie Calma
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Megan Skye
- Palo Alto Veteran’s Affairs Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Roy Lan
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Brian Yu
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - John Spertus
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute and the University of Missouri – Kansas City, MO
| | - Paul Heidenreich
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Palo Alto Veteran’s Affairs Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA
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Lan R, Ordioni U, Prince F, Loyer E, Catherine JH, Maille G. Implant Therapy in the Rehabilitation of Treated Mandibular Arteriovenous Malformations. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2023; 49:13-17. [PMID: 33945617 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-20-00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mandibular arteriovenous malformations are rare congenital malformations that require multidisciplinary care. Implant-supported rehabilitation of significant bone defect after embolization and resection is poorly described in the literature. We present the case of a 24-year-old patient with a right-sided mandibular arteriovenous malformation diagnosed after massive hemorrhage and treated by embolization and resection surgery. Implant rehabilitation was carried out 9 years later with a prior bone graft through iliac extraction and 3 short implants. Implant survival rate and patient satisfaction were evaluated at 3 years postplacement. Arteriovenous malformations treatments frequently result in bone defects that are difficult to reconstruct because of probable unstable vascularization due to embolization. The presence of osteosynthesis material and artifacts at the radiological level complicates implant planning due to the lack of visualization of the inferior alveolar nerve or artery and necessitates the placement of low-height implants. Osteointegration in contact with embolization products should be monitored. The creation of a case series could be of interest in order to better understand implant treatment for patients with a history of arteriovenous malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lan
- DDS, Resident and Associate Professor, Aix Marseille University, APHM, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Timone Hospital, Odontology Department, Functional Unit of Oral Surgery, Marseille, France
| | - U Ordioni
- Aix Marseille University, APHM, Timone Hospital, Odontology Department, Functional Unit of Oral Surgery, Marseille, France.,Private practice, Centre Massilien de la Face, Marseille, France
| | - F Prince
- Aix Marseille University, APHM, Timone Hospital, Odontology Department, Functional Unit of Prosthetic, Marseille, France
| | - E Loyer
- Aix Marseille University, APHM, Timone Hospital, Odontology Department, Functional Unit of Prosthetic, Marseille, France
| | - J H Catherine
- Private practice, Centre Massilien de la Face, Marseille, France
| | - G Maille
- Aix Marseille University, APHM, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Timone Hospital, Odontology Department, Functional Unit of Prosthetic, Marseille, France
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Ebinger JE, Lan R, Driver MP, Rushworth P, Luong E, Sun N, Nguyen T, Sternbach S, Hoang A, Diaz J, Heath M, Claggett BL, Bairey Merz CN, Cheng S. Disparities in Geographic Access to Cardiac Rehabilitation in Los Angeles County. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e026472. [PMID: 36073630 PMCID: PMC9683686 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.026472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is known to reduce morbidity and mortality for patients with cardiac conditions. Sociodemographic disparities in accessing CR persist and could be related to the distance between where patients live and where CR facilities are located. Our objective is to determine the association between sociodemographic characteristics and geographic proximity to CR facilities. Methods and Results We identified actively operating CR facilities across Los Angeles County and used multivariable Poisson regression to examine the association between sociodemographic characteristics of residential proximity to the nearest CR facility. We also calculated the proportion of residents per area lacking geographic proximity to CR facilities across sociodemographic characteristics, from which we calculated prevalence ratios. We found that racial and ethnic minorities, compared with non-Hispanic White individuals, more frequently live ≥5 miles from a CR facility. The greatest geographic disparity was seen for non-Hispanic Black individuals, with a 2.73 (95% CI, 2.66-2.79) prevalence ratio of living at least 5 miles from a CR facility. Notably, the municipal region with the largest proportion of census tracts comprising mostly non-White residents (those identifying as Hispanic or a race other than White), with median annual household income <$60 000, contained no CR facilities despite ranking among the county's highest in population density. Conclusions Racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic characteristics are significantly associated with lack of geographic proximity to a CR facility. Interventions targeting geographic as well as nongeographic factors may be needed to reduce disparities in access to exercise-based CR programs. Such interventions could increase the potential of CR to benefit patients at high risk for developing adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E. Ebinger
- Department of CardiologySmidt Heart Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Roy Lan
- College of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTN
| | - Matthew P. Driver
- Department of CardiologySmidt Heart Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | | | - Eric Luong
- Department of CardiologySmidt Heart Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Nancy Sun
- Department of CardiologySmidt Heart Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Trevor‐Trung Nguyen
- Department of CardiologySmidt Heart Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Sarah Sternbach
- Department of CardiologySmidt Heart Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Amy Hoang
- Department of CardiologySmidt Heart Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Jacqueline Diaz
- Department of CardiologySmidt Heart Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Mallory Heath
- Department of CardiologySmidt Heart Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | | | - C. Noel Bairey Merz
- Department of CardiologySmidt Heart Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Susan Cheng
- Department of CardiologySmidt Heart Institute, Cedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA
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Campana F, Lan R, Girard C, Rochefort J, Le Pelletier F, Leroux-Villet C, Mares S, Millot S, Zlowodzki AS, Sibaud V, Tessier MH, Vaillant L, Fricain JC, Samimi M. French guidelines for the management of oral lichen planus (excluding pharmacological therapy). Ann Dermatol Venereol 2022; 149:14-27. [PMID: 34238586 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral lichen is a chronic inflammatory disease for which diagnostic management and follow-up are heterogeneous given the absence of specific guidelines in France. Our objective was to develop French multidisciplinary guidelines for the management of oral lichen. MATERIALS AND METHODS Working groups from the Groupe d'Etude de la Muqueuse Buccale (GEMUB) formulated a list of research questions and the corresponding recommendations according to the "formal consensus" method for developing practice guidelines. These recommendations were submitted to a group of experts and the degree of agreement for each recommendation was assessed by a scoring group. RESULTS Twenty-two research questions, divided into 3 themes (nosological classification and initial assessment, induced oral lichenoid lesions, and follow-up) resulted in 22 recommendations. Initial biopsy for histology is recommended in the absence of reticulated lesions. Biopsy for direct immunofluorescence is recommended for ulcerated, erosive, bullous types and for diffuse erythematous gingivitis. Management should include a periodontal and dental check-up, and investigation for extra-oral lesions. Hepatitis C testing is recommended only if risk factors are present. Definitions, triggering factors and the management of "induced oral lichenoid lesions" were clarified. Oral lichen must be monitored by a practitioner familiar with the disease at least once a year, using objective tools. CONCLUSION This formalised consensus of multidisciplinary experts provides clinical practice guidelines on the management and monitoring of oral lichen.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Campana
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Hôpital de la Timone, Unité de chirurgie orale, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - R Lan
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Hôpital de la Timone, Unité de chirurgie orale, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - C Girard
- Dermatologie, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier cedex, France
| | - J Rochefort
- Odontologie, Hôpital La Pitié Salpetrière - Université Paris Diderot, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - F Le Pelletier
- Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital La Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - C Leroux-Villet
- Dermatologie, Hôpital Avicenne, 125 Rue de Stalingrad, 93000 Bobigny, France
| | - S Mares
- Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale, Hôpital La Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - S Millot
- Chirurgie Orale, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier cedex, France
| | | | - V Sibaud
- Dermatologie, IUCT Oncopôle, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - M-H Tessier
- Dermatologie, CHU de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - L Vaillant
- Dermatologie, CHU de Tours, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - J-C Fricain
- Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1026, service de chirurgie orale, CHU Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - M Samimi
- Dermatologie, CHU de Tours, Université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France.
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Ebinger JE, Lan R, Driver M, Sun N, Botting P, Park E, Davis T, Minissian MB, Coleman B, Riggs R, Roberts P, Cheng S. Seasonal COVID-19 surge related hospital volumes and case fatality rates. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:178. [PMID: 35197000 PMCID: PMC8864601 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seasonal and regional surges in COVID-19 have imposed substantial strain on healthcare systems. Whereas sharp inclines in hospital volume were accompanied by overt increases in case fatality rates during the very early phases of the pandemic, the relative impact during later phases of the pandemic are less clear. We sought to characterize how the 2020 winter surge in COVID-19 volumes impacted case fatality in an adequately-resourced health system. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of all adult diagnosed with COVID-19 in a large academic healthcare system between August 25, 2020 to May 8, 2021, using multivariable logistic regression to examine case fatality rates across 3 sequential time periods around the 2020 winter surge: pre-surge, surge, and post-surge. Subgroup analyses of patients admitted to the hospital and those receiving ICU-level care were also performed. Additionally, we used multivariable logistic regression to examine risk factors for mortality during the surge period. RESULTS We studied 7388 patients (aged 52.8 ± 19.6 years, 48% male) who received outpatient or inpatient care for COVID-19 during the study period. Patients treated during surge (N = 6372) compared to the pre-surge (N = 536) period had 2.64 greater odds (95% CI 1.46-5.27) of mortality after adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical factors. Adjusted mortality risk returned to pre-surge levels during the post-surge period. Notably, first-encounter patient-level measures of illness severity appeared higher during surge compared to non-surge periods. CONCLUSIONS We observed excess mortality risk during a recent winter COVID-19 surge that was not explained by conventional risk factors or easily measurable variables, although recovered rapidly in the setting of targeted facility resources. These findings point to how complex interrelations of population- and patient-level pandemic factors can profoundly augment health system strain and drive dynamic, if short-lived, changes in outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E. Ebinger
- grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Roy Lan
- grid.267301.10000 0004 0386 9246College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN USA
| | - Matthew Driver
- grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Nancy Sun
- grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Patrick Botting
- grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Eunice Park
- grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Enterprise Data Intelligence, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tod Davis
- grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Enterprise Data Intelligence, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Margo B. Minissian
- grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Brawerman Nursing Institute and Nursing Research Department, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Bernice Coleman
- grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Brawerman Nursing Institute and Nursing Research Department, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Richard Riggs
- grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Department of Medical Affairs, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Pamela Roberts
- grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Department of Medical Affairs, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Informatics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Susan Cheng
- grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
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9
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Ebinger JE, Lan R, Sun N, Wu M, Joung S, Botwin GJ, Botting P, Al-Amili D, Aronow H, Beekley J, Coleman B, Contreras S, Cozen W, Davis J, Debbas P, Diaz J, Driver M, Fert-Bober J, Gu Q, Heath M, Herrera E, Hoang A, Hussain SK, Huynh C, Kim L, Kittleson M, Liu Y, Lloyd J, Luong E, Malladi B, Merchant A, Merin N, Mujukian A, Nguyen N, Nguyen TT, Pozdnyakova V, Rashid M, Raedschelders K, Reckamp KL, Rhoades K, Sternbach S, Vallejo R, White S, Tompkins R, Wong M, Arditi M, Figueiredo JC, Van Eyk JE, Miles PB, Chavira C, Shane R, Sobhani K, Melmed GY, McGovern DPB, Braun JG, Cheng S, Minissian MB. Symptomology following mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Prev Med 2021; 153:106860. [PMID: 34687733 PMCID: PMC8527734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite demonstrated efficacy of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), widespread hesitancy to vaccination persists. Improved knowledge regarding frequency, severity, and duration of vaccine-associated symptoms may help reduce hesitancy. In this prospective observational study, we studied 1032 healthcare workers who received both doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine and completed post-vaccine symptom surveys both after dose 1 and after dose 2. We defined appreciable post-vaccine symptoms as those of at least moderate severity and lasting at least 2 days. We found that symptoms were more frequent following the second vaccine dose than the first (74% vs. 60%, P < 0.001), with >80% of all symptoms resolving within 2 days. The most common symptom was injection site pain, followed by fatigue and malaise. Overall, 20% of participants experienced appreciable symptoms after dose 1 and 30% after dose 2. In multivariable analyses, female sex was associated with greater odds of appreciable symptoms after both dose 1 (OR, 95% CI 1.73, 1.19-2.51) and dose 2 (1.76, 1.28-2.42). Prior COVID-19 was also associated with appreciable symptoms following dose 1, while younger age and history of hypertension were associated with appreciable symptoms after dose 2. We conclude that most post-vaccine symptoms are reportedly mild and last <2 days. Appreciable post-vaccine symptoms are associated with female sex, prior COVID-19, younger age, and hypertension. This information can aid clinicians in advising patients on the safety and expected symptomatology associated with vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E Ebinger
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Roy Lan
- College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nancy Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sandy Joung
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gregory J Botwin
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars Sinai, USA
| | - Patrick Botting
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniah Al-Amili
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Centre, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Harriet Aronow
- Brawerman Nursing Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James Beekley
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bernice Coleman
- Brawerman Nursing Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Contreras
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wendy Cozen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine at UCI, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, School of Medicine at UCI, Irvine, CA, USA; Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Davis
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars Sinai, USA
| | - Philip Debbas
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars Sinai, USA
| | - Jacqueline Diaz
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Driver
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Justyna Fert-Bober
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Advanced Clinical Biosystems Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Quanquan Gu
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mallory Heath
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ergueen Herrera
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amy Hoang
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shehnaz K Hussain
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carissa Huynh
- Biobank & Translational Research Core Laboratory, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Linda Kim
- Brawerman Nursing Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Kittleson
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yunxian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John Lloyd
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric Luong
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bhavya Malladi
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Akil Merchant
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Noah Merin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Angela Mujukian
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars Sinai, USA
| | - Nathalie Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Trevor-Trung Nguyen
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Valeriya Pozdnyakova
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars Sinai, USA
| | - Mohamad Rashid
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Koen Raedschelders
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Karen L Reckamp
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kylie Rhoades
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Sternbach
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rocío Vallejo
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shane White
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars Sinai, USA
| | - Rose Tompkins
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Melissa Wong
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Moshe Arditi
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Departments of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, and Infectious, Immunologic Diseases Research Center (IIDRC), Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jane C Figueiredo
- Department of Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Van Eyk
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Advanced Clinical Biosystems Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peggy B Miles
- Employee Health Services, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia Chavira
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rita Shane
- Department of Pharmacy, Cedar-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kimia Sobhani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gil Y Melmed
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars Sinai, USA
| | - Dermot P B McGovern
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars Sinai, USA
| | - Jonathan G Braun
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars Sinai, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA..
| | - Susan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Margo B Minissian
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Brawerman Nursing Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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10
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Hammoutene S, Nihous H, Foletti JM, Collet C, Lan R. Ossifying fasciitis of the chin: A case report. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 122:524-526. [PMID: 33429067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Hammoutene
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, Timone Hospital, Odontology Department, Functional Unit of Oral Surgery, Marseille, France.
| | - H Nihous
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERMS, MMG, Timone Hospital, Pathology Department, Marseille, France
| | - J M Foletti
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, LBA, Conception Hospital, Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department, Marseille, France
| | - C Collet
- Sainte Musse Hospital, Maxillo-Facial Department, Toulon, France
| | - R Lan
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, Timone Hospital, Odontology Department, Functional Unit of Oral Surgery, Marseille, France
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11
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Wang X, Zhou H, Du P, Lan R, Chen D, Dong A, Lin X, Qiu X, Xu S, Ji X, Li M, Hou X, Sun L, Li D, Han L, Li Z. Genomic epidemiology of Corynebacterium striatum from three regions of China: an emerging national nosocomial epidemic. J Hosp Infect 2020; 110:67-75. [PMID: 33166588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corynebacteritum straitum has been considered as an emerging multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogen. Isolation of MDR C. striatum as the only organism from respiratory samples from hospitalized patients is increasing in China. AIM To elucidate the genomic epidemiology and evolution of C. striatum in China. METHODS A total of 260 isolates from 2016 to 2018 were collected from three hospitals in three regions of China. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed on all isolates. Whole-genome sequencing was applied to all isolates to assess their genomic diversity and relationships and detect the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG) and ARG cassettes. FINDINGS Almost all isolates (96.2%, 250/260) showed multi-drug-resistance. Genome sequencing revealed four major lineages with lineage IV emerging as the epidemic lineage. Most of the diversity was developed in the last 6 years. Each hospital has its own predominant clones with potential spread between Hebei and Guangdong hospitals. Genomic analysis further revealed multiple antimicrobial resistance genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that four lineages of C. striatum have spread in parallel across China, causing persistent and extensive transmissions within hospitals. MDR C. striatum infection has become a national epidemic. Antibiotic-driven selection pressure may have played significant roles in forming persistent and predominant clones. Our data provide the basis for surveillance and prevention strategies to control the epidemic caused by MDR C. striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - H Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - P Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - R Lan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - D Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - A Dong
- University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - X Lin
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - X Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - S Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - X Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - M Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - X Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - L Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - D Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - L Han
- Department of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Z Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping, Beijing, 102206, China.
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12
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Tao L, He XY, Jiang YT, Lan R, Li M, Li ZM, Yang WF, Hong QH, Chu MX. Combined approaches to reveal genes associated with litter size in Yunshang black goats. Anim Genet 2020; 51:924-934. [PMID: 32986880 DOI: 10.1111/age.12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Intensive artificial selection has been imposed in Yunshang black goats, the first black specialist mutton goat breed in China, with a breeding object of improving reproductive performance, which has contributed to reshaping of the genome including the characterization of SNP, ROH and haplotype. However, variation in reproductive ability exists in the present population. A WGS was implemented in two subpopulations (polytocous group, PG, and monotocous group, MG) with evident differences of litter size. Following the mapping to reference genome, and SNP calling and pruning, three approaches - GWAS, ROH analysis and detection of signatures of selection - were employed to unveil candidate genes responsible for litter size. Consequently, 12 candidate genes containing OSBPL8 with the minimum P-value were uncovered by GWAS. Differences were observed in the pattern of ROH between two subpopulations that shared similar low inbreeding coefficients. Two ROH hotspots and 12 corresponding genes emerged from ROH pool association analysis. Based on the nSL statistic, 15 and 61 promising genes were disclosed under selection for MG and PG respectively. Of them, some promising genes participate in ovarian function (PPP2R5C, CDC25A, ESR1, RPS26 and SERPINBs), seasonal reproduction (DIO3, BTG1 and CRYM) and metabolism (OSBPL8, SLC39A5 and SERPINBs). Our study pinpointed some novel promising genes influencing litter size, provided a comprehensive insight into genetic makeup of litter size and might facilitate selective breeding in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - X Y He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Y T Jiang
- Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - R Lan
- Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - M Li
- Annoroad Gene Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Z M Li
- Annoroad Gene Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - W F Yang
- Annoroad Gene Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Q H Hong
- Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - M X Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
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13
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Liu K, Cui K, Feng H, Li R, Lin H, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Yuan H, Li M, Wang T, Lan R, Liu J, Rao K, Wen B. JTE‐013 supplementation improves erectile dysfunction in rats with streptozotocin‐induced type Ⅰ diabetes through the inhibition of the rho‐kinase pathway, fibrosis, and apoptosis. Andrology 2019; 8:497-508. [PMID: 31610097 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Liu
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - K. Cui
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - H. Feng
- Department of Urology The Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Southern Medical University Shenzhen China
| | - R. Li
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - H. Lin
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - Y. Chen
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - Y. Zhang
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - Z. Chen
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - H. Yuan
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - M. Li
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - T. Wang
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - R. Lan
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - J. Liu
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - K. Rao
- Department of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
- Institute of Urology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei China
| | - B. Wen
- Department of Urology The Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Southern Medical University Shenzhen China
- Department of Urology Shenzhen Bao'an Shajing People's Hospital Guangzhou Medical University Shenzhen China
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14
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Robardey G, Le Roux M, Foletti J, Graillon N, Gormezano M, Varoquaux A, Lan R, Chossegros C. The Stensen's duct line: A landmark in parotid duct and gland injury and surgery. A prospective anatomical, clinical and radiological study. Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2019; 120:337-340. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Nawab A, Li G, Liu W, Lan R, Wu J, Zhao Y, Kang K, Kieser B, Sun C, Tang S, Xiao M, An L. Effect of Dietary Curcumin on the Antioxidant Status of Laying Hens under High-Temperature Conditions. Braz J Poult Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Nawab
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - G Li
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - W Liu
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - R Lan
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - J Wu
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - Y Zhao
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - K Kang
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - B Kieser
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - C Sun
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - S Tang
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - M Xiao
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - L An
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
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16
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Ordioni U, Hadj Saïd M, Thiery G, Campana F, Catherine JH, Lan R. Angina bullosa haemorrhagica: a systematic review and proposal for diagnostic criteria. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 48:28-39. [PMID: 30032974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to perform a critical review of published data on the epidemiological, aetiological, clinical, histological, biological, and therapeutic characteristics of patients with angina bullosa haemorrhagica (ABH). A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. All publications fulfilling the selection criteria were included in the eligibility assessment according to the PRISMA statement. The full texts of 54 retrieved articles were screened. Forty articles published between 1985 and 2016 describing 225 cases of ABH were finally selected. The mean age of the patients was 55.4 years; the male to female ratio was 0.7. The predominant localization was the palate (66%). A third of patients had no medical history. When specified, a triggering event or promoting factor was frequently found (82%). Biological tests were normal. A biopsy was performed on 35% of the patients. Treatment was symptomatic with a favourable outcome. Recurrences were frequent (62%). In conclusion, ABH is poorly documented and only by studies of low-level evidence. This review did not allow any aetiopathogenic association to be made with a general pathology or treatment. On the basis of this systematic review of the literature, diagnostic criteria aiming to improve the care of patients presenting with ABH are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Ordioni
- Department of Oral Surgery and Odontology, APHM, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France; Centre Massilien de la Face, Marseille, France.
| | - M Hadj Saïd
- Department of Oral Surgery and Odontology, APHM, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France; Faculty of Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, EFS/CNRS, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - G Thiery
- Centre Massilien de la Face, Marseille, France
| | - F Campana
- Department of Oral Surgery and Odontology, APHM, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France; Centre Massilien de la Face, Marseille, France
| | - J-H Catherine
- Department of Oral Surgery and Odontology, APHM, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France; Faculty of Medicine, UMR 7268 ADES, Aix-Marseille University/EFS/CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - R Lan
- Department of Oral Surgery and Odontology, APHM, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France; Faculty of Medicine, UMR 7268 ADES, Aix-Marseille University/EFS/CNRS, Marseille, France
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Lan R, Hadj-Saïd M, Foletti JM, Massereau E, Chossegros C. WITHDROWN: Osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients traited by denosumab for malignant bone disease: Descriptive study on 9 cases. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2018:22312. [PMID: 29680853 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.22312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lan
- Timone Hospital, Pr Tardieu Department of Oral Surgery and Odontology 264 rue St Pierre 13385, Marseille, France
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Xie H, Tang CHA, Song JH, Mancuso A, Del Valle JR, Cao J, Xiang Y, Dang CV, Lan R, Sanchez DJ, Keith B, Hu CCA, Simon MC. IRE1α RNase-dependent lipid homeostasis promotes survival in Myc-transformed cancers. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:1300-1316. [PMID: 29381485 DOI: 10.1172/jci95864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myc activation is a primary oncogenic event in many human cancers; however, these transcription factors are difficult to inhibit pharmacologically, suggesting that Myc-dependent downstream effectors may be more tractable therapeutic targets. Here, we show that Myc overexpression induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and engages the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α)/X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) pathway through multiple molecular mechanisms in a variety of c-Myc- and N-Myc-dependent cancers. In particular, Myc-overexpressing cells require IRE1α/XBP1 signaling for sustained growth and survival in vitro and in vivo, dependent on elevated stearoyl-CoA-desaturase 1 (SCD1) activity. Pharmacological and genetic XBP1 inhibition induces Myc-dependent apoptosis, which is alleviated by exogenous unsaturated fatty acids. Of note, SCD1 inhibition phenocopies IRE1α RNase activity suppression in vivo. Furthermore, IRE1α inhibition enhances the cytotoxic effects of standard chemotherapy drugs used to treat c-Myc-overexpressing Burkitt's lymphoma, suggesting that inhibiting the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway is a useful general strategy for treatment of Myc-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xie
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and.,Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Jun H Song
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Juan R Del Valle
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jin Cao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology.,Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, and.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yan Xiang
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and
| | - Chi V Dang
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and
| | - Roy Lan
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and
| | - Danielle J Sanchez
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian Keith
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and.,Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - M Celeste Simon
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Romanet I, Lan R, Ordioni U, Albertini AF, Campana F. A rare case of oral metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 119:229-231. [PMID: 29475082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metastatic carcinoma of the colon is frequently encountered. In the literature, metastasis of malignant tumors in the buccal cavity are rare. They represent less than 1% of oral malignant lesions. OBSERVATION We present a case of oral metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma in the mandible of a 62-year-old patient. The physical examination revealed a swelling in the mandibular symphysis associated with dental displacement. The panoramic X-ray showed significant bone lysis of the symphysis. The neoplastic tissue showed marked positivity for Cytokeratin 20 and CDX2, confirming the diagnosis of metastasis of the oral cavity from colorectal adenocarcinoma. DISCUSSION Metastatic adenocarcinoma from the colon to the oral cavity are rare but should be included in the differential diagnosis of tumors in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Romanet
- Service d'odontologie, Aix Marseille University, AP-HM, La Timone, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France
| | - R Lan
- Service d'odontologie, Aix Marseille University, AP-HM, La Timone, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France
| | - U Ordioni
- Centre massilien de la face, 13006 Marseille, France
| | - A F Albertini
- Anatomopathology laboratory, MEDIPATH, 06250 Mougins, France
| | - F Campana
- Service d'odontologie, Aix Marseille University, AP-HM, La Timone, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France.
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Royer G, Lan R, Garçonnet J, Cheynet F. [Mandibular ameloblastic fibro-odontoma in 3-year-old patient]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 117:429-432. [PMID: 27816431 DOI: 10.1016/j.revsto.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (FOA) is a rare benign tumor representing 1-3% of odontogenic tumors. The FOA affects young patients before the age of 20. Surgical treatment allows usually for recovery. Recurrence and malignant transformation are possible. OBSERVATION A 3-year-old patient, with no medical and surgical history, was referred for a painless swelling of the right cheek progressing for several months. Radiographic examination showed a large mixed lesion. Buccal and lingual cortices were blown out. Surgical resection was performed under general anesthesia. Microscopically, the lesion consisted of dental tissue composed of mature dentin and enamel and of an epithelial component. These elements allowed for the diagnosis of ameloblastic fibro-odontoma. The postoperative course was uneventful. DISCUSSION The management of this 3-year-old patient was delayed due to late consultation. The size of the lesion, that included all dental structures of sector 4, was big considering the very young age of the patient. The primary conservative surgical treatment allowed for preservation of teeth and of the inferior alveolar nerve, the only sequelae being the removal of the germ of the tooth no 44 directly involved in the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Royer
- Service chirurgie orale, hôpital Timone, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France.
| | - R Lan
- Service chirurgie orale, hôpital Timone, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France; Faculté de médecine, UMR 7268 ADES Aix-Marseille université/EFS/CNRS, secteur Nord, boulevard Pierre-Dramard, 13344 Marseille cedex 15, France
| | - J Garçonnet
- Service chirurgie orale, hôpital Timone, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - F Cheynet
- Service de chirurgie maxillo-faciale, hôpital Conception, 147, boulevard Baille, 13005 Marseille, France
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Lan R, Loiko P, Mateos X, Wang Y, Li J, Pan Y, Choi SY, Kim MH, Rotermund F, Yasukevich A, Yumashev K, Griebner U, Petrov V. Passive Q-switching of microchip lasers based on Ho:YAG ceramics. Appl Opt 2016; 55:4877-4887. [PMID: 27409113 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.004877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A Ho:YAG ceramic microchip laser pumped by a Tm fiber laser at 1910 nm is passively Q-switched by single- and multi-layer graphene, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and Cr2+:ZnSe saturable absorbers (SAs). Employing SWCNTs, this laser generated an average power of 810 mW at 2090 nm with a slope efficiency of 68% and continuous wave to Q-switching conversion efficiency of 70%. The shortest pulse duration was 85 ns at a repetition rate of 165 kHz, and the pulse energy reached 4.9 μJ. The laser performance and pulse stability were superior compared to graphene SAs even for a different number of graphene layers (n=1 to 4). A model for the description of the Ho:YAG laser Q-switched by carbon nanostructures is presented. This modeling allowed us to estimate the saturation intensity for multi-layered graphene and SWCNT SAs to be 1.2±0.2 and 7±1 MW/cm2, respectively. When using Cr2+:ZnSe, the Ho:YAG microchip laser generated 11 ns/25 μJ pulses at a repetition rate of 14.8 kHz.
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Lan R, Tzortzis S, Desfosses Y, Signoli M, Tardivo D. [Study of remains and dental wastes of a First World War German rest camp]. Odontostomatol Trop 2014; 37:13-24. [PMID: 25980093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This article presents the analysis of dental remains and waste from the dental office of a German rest camp of the First World War in order to study the living conditions of the soldiers, the care policy and the prosthetic rehabilitation techniques used in this context. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included both dental and prosthetic remains, revealed during the excavation. The criteria to determine dental and periodontal health were the presence or absence of caries, wear, tartar and periodontal lesion. Location, severity and frequency of each of these parameters were examined. Regarding the prosthetic remains, the type of prosthesis and the materials used were determined. RESULTS Three hundred and twenty seven (327) dental remains were analyzed. A high prevalence of large caries, especially in the molar areas, was highlighted. The incisal areas had however more wear and tartar. 183 casts of plaster dental arcade allowed to highlight a significant proportion of posterior edentulous. Prosthetic remains and laboratory waste revealed the use of vulcanite and porcelain for making dentures.
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Lan R, Dong L, Wang C, Liang T, Tian J. Influence of oxidation time on microstructure and composition of micro-arc oxidation coatings formed on zirconium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1179/1432891714z.000000000389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Lan
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine ProcessingInstitute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - L. Dong
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine ProcessingInstitute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C. Wang
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine ProcessingInstitute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - T. Liang
- Beijing Key Lab of Fine CeramicsInstitute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - J. Tian
- Beijing Key Lab of Fine CeramicsInstitute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Katzman T, Lan R, Symon Z. EP-1884: "Inverse planning" ñ an education model for clinically experienced RTTs. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)32002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lan R, Wang G, Yang L, Wang TJ, Kan C, Jin Y. Prediction of Release Characteristics of Film-Coated Urea from Structure Characterization Data of the Film. Chem Eng Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201200459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Lan R, Yang C, Lan L, Ou J, Qiao K, Liu F, Gao Q. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolates from HIV-infected patients in Guangxi, China. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 15:1669-75. [PMID: 22118176 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected persons. The prevalence of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in HIV-infected patients in China is unknown. OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of M. tuberculosis and NTM in HIV-infected patients in Guangxi Province, determine their drug resistance profiles, and evaluate the genotype patterns of M. tuberculosis strains. DESIGN Samples were collected from two HIV designated hospitals in Guangxi Province between 2005 and 2008. HIV-infected patients who were culture-positive for mycobacteria were included. Drug susceptibility testing was performed for mycobacterial isolates. NTM species was identified by sequencing, and M. tuberculosis isolates were genotyped using the variable number of tandem repeats method. RESULTS M. tuberculosis and NTM were identified in respectively 117 (53%) and 102 (47%) HIV-infected patients. Drug resistance was found in 27% and multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) in 11% of the patients with TB. Previous treatment for TB was significantly associated with MDR-TB. Twenty (17%) TB patients belonged to eight VNTR-defined clusters. CONCLUSION The high frequency of NTM among HIV-infected patients raises concerns about accurate species identification before the determination of appropriate treatment. The potential for TB transmission exists among HIV-infected patients. Intensified screening and effective treatment of TB-HIV co-infected patients is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lan
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Marsault E, Hoveyda HR, Peterson ML, Gagnon R, Vézina M, Pinault J, Landry A, Saint-Louis C, Ouellet LG, Beauchemin S, Benakli K, Beaubien S, Brassard M, Wang Z, Champagne M, Galaud F, Fortin N, Fortin D, Plourde V, Ramaseshan M, Bhat S, Bilodeau F, Lonergan D, Lan R, Li S, Berthiaume G, Foucher L, Peng X, Dory Y, Deslongchamps P. High Throughput Solid Phase Parallel Synthesis of Macrocyclic Peptidomimetics. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 2009; 611:15-6. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-73657-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Gebreselassie D, Lan R, Loffredo C, Goldman R, Abdel-Hamid M. Abstract B57: UBE3A (E6AP) auto antibodies in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2008. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.prev-08-b57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
B57
UBE3A (E6AP) auto antibodies in hepatocellular carcinoma
1Gebreselassie, D., 1Lan, R., 1Loffredo, C.A., 2Abdel-Hamid, M., 1Goldman, R.
1Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center Georgetown University Washington, D.C. & 2National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
Patients with cancer produce auto antibodies that could serve as biomarkers for detection and classification of the disease. To identify auto antibodies associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we used a protein array of 5,000 human proteins (Invitrogen) to compare sera of ten cancer free controls and ten patients with HCC matched on age, gender, and viral infection. Thirty six proteins significantly associated with HCC (p<0.05) were spotted on a custom array. The array experiments confirmed increased auto antibodies in HCC for 20 of the 36 candidates. The frequency of increase was as high as 45% for some of the auto antibodies in a comparison of 20 HCC cases and 10 matched controls. To further validate the observed auto antibody response to Ubiquitin protein ligase E3A (UBE3A), we fused cDNA for the protein, with an N-terminal FLAG tag and an enzyme reporter gene, humanized Renilla luciferase (hRluc). The construct was expressed in the Cos-1 mammalian cell line and crude cell lysates were used for quantification of auto antibodies in serum of the same individuals used in the protein array experiment. The assay is based on immunoprecipitation (IP) of the antigenic protein-construct on protein G beads followed by the quantification of hRluc chemiluminescence. Antibodies to the FLAG tag and the antigen of interest were used to optimize the assay. We found that HCC patient sera contain significantly elevated auto antibodies to UBE3A (t-test P<0.01). The autoantibody response to UBE3A was observed in approximately 20% of the HCC patients and correlates with the results of the protein array experiment.
Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):B57.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gebreselassie
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - R. Lan
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - C. Loffredo
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - R. Goldman
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M. Abdel-Hamid
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
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Yang GX, Lian ZX, Chuang YH, Shu SA, Moritoki Y, Lan R, Wakabayashi K, Ansari AA, Dorshkind K, Ikehara S, Gershwin ME. Generation of functionally distinct B lymphocytes from common myeloid progenitors. Clin Exp Immunol 2007; 150:349-57. [PMID: 17822442 PMCID: PMC2219345 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Current models of adult haematopoiesis propose that haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) differentiate into common lymphoid (CLP) and common myeloid (CMP) progenitors and establish an early separation between myeloid and lymphoid lineages. Nevertheless, the developmental potential of CMP-associated B cells suggests the existence of alternate pathways for B lymphopoesis. The aim of this study was to compare the developmental and functional properties of CMP- and CLP-derived B cells. While both populations matured through pro-B cell and transitional B cell intermediates in the bone marrow and spleen, respectively, following transfer into irradiated mice, mature CMP- and CLP-derived B cells exhibit distinct functional responses. Specifically, CMP-derived B cells did not respond to mitogenic stimulation to the same degree as their CLP-derived counterparts and secrete lower levels of IgM and the inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10. Together, these data suggest the existence of multiple pathways for generating functionally distinct B cells from bone marrow precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G-X Yang
- Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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Abstract
Three genes, ipgD, mxiC, and mxiA, all in the invasion region of the Shigella virulence plasmid, were sequenced from strains representing a range of Shigella serotypes and from two enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) isolates. The plasmids can be classified into two relatively homogeneous sequence forms which are quite distinct. pINV A plasmids are found in Shigella flexneri strains F6 and F6A, S. boydii strains B1, B4, B9, B10, B14, and B15, S. dysenteriae strains D3, D4, D6, D8, D9, D10, and D13, and the two EIEC strains (M519 and M520). pINV B plasmids are present in S. flexneri strains F1A, F2A, F3A, F3C, F4A, and FY, two S. boydii strains (B11 and B12), and S. sonnei. The D1 pINV plasmid is a recombinant with ipgD gene more closely related to those of pINV A but with mxiA and mxiC genes more closely related to those of pINV B. The phylogenetic relationships of the plasmid and those of the chromosomal genes of Shigella strains are largely consistent. The cluster 1 and cluster 3 strains tested (G.M. Pupo, R. Lan, and P. R. Reeves, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97:10567-10572, 2000) have pINV A and pINV B plasmids, respectively. However, of the three cluster 2 strains (B9, B11, and B15), B9 and B15 have pINV A while B11 has a pINV B plasmid. Those Shigella (D8 and D10 and S. sonnei) and EIEC strains which do not group with the main body of Shigella strains based on chromosomal genes were found to have plasmids belonging to one or the other of the two types and must have acquired these by lateral transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lan
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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Abstract
Molecular population-genetic analysis has revealed that for several human diseases, including tuberculosis, plague and shigellosis, the generally accepted taxonomic status of the organisms involved does not fit the usually accepted genus or species criteria. This raises the question of what species concept to apply to bacteria. We suggest that the species definition in bacteria should be based on analysis of sequence variation in housekeeping genes, and also that the "clone" be given official status in bacterial nomenclature. This will allow demotion of the species or genus status of several traditionally recognized human pathogens, but retention of current names of anomalous species and genera as clone names.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lan
- Dept of Microbiology, Bldg G08, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Abstract
Epidemic Vibrio cholerae strains possess a large cluster of essential virulence genes on the chromosome called the Vibrio pathogenicity island (VPI). The VPI contains the tcp gene cluster encoding the type IV pilus toxin-coregulated pilus colonization factor which can act as the cholera toxin bacteriophage (CTXPhi) receptor. The VPI also contains genes that regulate virulence factor expression. We have fully sequenced and compared the VPI of the seventh-pandemic (El Tor biotype) strain N16961 and the sixth-pandemic (classical biotype) strain 395 and found that the N16961 VPI is 41,272 bp and encodes 29 predicted proteins, whereas the 395 VPI is 41,290 bp. In addition to various nucleotide and amino acid polymorphisms, there were several proteins whose predicted size differed greatly between the strains as a result of frameshift mutations. We hypothesize that these VPI sequence differences provide preliminary evidence to help explain the differences in virulence factor expression between epidemic strains (i.e., the biotypes) of V. cholerae.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Karaolis
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
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Abstract
Escherichia coli, a normal inhabitant of the intestinal tract of mammals and birds, is a diverse species. Most studies on E. coli populations involve organisms from humans or human-associated animals. In this study, we undertook a survey of E. coli from native Australian mammals, predominantly Rattus tunneyi, living in a relatively pristine environment in the Bundjalung National Park. The genetic diversity was assessed and compared by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE), sequence analysis of the mdh (malate dehydrogenase) gene and biotyping using seven sugars. Ninety-nine electrophoretic types were identified from the 242 isolates analysed by MLEE and 15 sequences from the mdh genes sequenced from 21 representative strains. The Bundjalung isolates extend the diversity represented by the E. coli reference (ECOR) set, with new MLEE alleles found in six out of 10 loci. Many of the Bundjalung isolates fell into a discrete group in MLEE. Other Bundjalung strains fell into the recognized E. coli ECOR set groups, but tended to be at the base of both the MLEE and mdh gene trees, implying that these strains are derived independently from ancestral forms of the ECOR groups and that ECOR strains represent only a subset of E. coli adapted to humans and human-associated animals. Linkage disequilibrium analysis showed that the Bundjalung population has an 'epidemic' population structure. The Bundjalung isolates were able to utilize more sugars than the ECOR strains, suggesting that diet plays a prominent role in adaptation of E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Pupo
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
The colanic acid gene cluster of Salmonella enterica LT2 was sequenced and compared with that of Escherichia coli K-12. The two clusters are similar with divergence slightly higher than average for genes of the two species. The cluster was divided into four blocks by GC content and seems likely to have transferred from a higher GC content species to the ancestor of E. coli and S. enterica. All 19 genes of K-12 and 13 genes of LT2 appear to have undergone random genetic drift with amelioration of the GC content. However, in the case of S. enterica, we believe that the six genes of the GDP-fucose pathway group were replaced relatively recently by genes closely related to those of the original donor species. Two repetitive elements were observed: a bacterial interspersed mosaic element in the intergenic region between wzx and wcaK in K-12 only and a RSA (repetitive sequence element) sequence between wcaJ and wzx in LT2 only.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Stevenson
- Department of Microbiology (G08), University of Sydney, 2006, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lan
- University of Sydney, Australia
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36
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Pupo GM, Lan R, Reeves PR. Multiple independent origins of Shigella clones of Escherichia coli and convergent evolution of many of their characteristics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:10567-72. [PMID: 10954745 PMCID: PMC27065 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.180094797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 433] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2000] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolutionary relationships of 46 Shigella strains representing each of the serotypes belonging to the four traditional Shigella species (subgroups), Dysenteriae, Flexneri, Boydii, and Sonnei, were determined by sequencing of eight housekeeping genes in four regions of the chromosome. Analysis revealed a very similar evolutionary pattern for each region. Three clusters of strains were identified, each including strains from different subgroups. Cluster 1 contains the majority of Boydii and Dysenteriae strains (B1-4, B6, B8, B10, B14, and B18; and D3-7, D9, and D11-13) plus Flexneri 6 and 6A. Cluster 2 contains seven Boydii strains (B5, B7, B9, B11, B15, B16, and B17) and Dysenteriae 2. Cluster 3 contains one Boydii strain (B12) and the Flexneri serotypes 1-5 strains. Sonnei and three Dysenteriae strains (D1, D8, and D10) are outside of the three main clusters but, nonetheless, are clearly within Escherichia coli. Boydii 13 was found to be distantly related to E. coli. Shigella strains, like the other pathogenic forms of E. coli, do not have a single evolutionary origin, indicating convergent evolution of Shigella phenotypic properties. We estimate the three main Shigella clusters to have evolved within the last 35,000 to 270,000 years, suggesting that shigellosis was one of the early infectious diseases of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Pupo
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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Abstract
Bacterial populations are clonal. Their evolution involves not only divergence between orthologous genes but also gain of genes from other clones or species, which has only recently been widely appreciated through macrorestriction mapping, genomic subtraction and complete genome sequencing. Genes can also be lost in response to selection or by random mutation after becoming redundant. The bacterial genome is a dynamic structure and intraspecies variation needs to be included in genome analysis if we are to gain insight into the full species genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lan
- Dept of Microbiology, Bldg G08, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Sydney, Australia
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Howlett AC, Wilken GH, Pigg JJ, Houston DB, Lan R, Liu Q, Makriyannis A. Azido- and isothiocyanato-substituted aryl pyrazoles bind covalently to the CB1 cannabinoid receptor and impair signal transduction. J Neurochem 2000; 74:2174-81. [PMID: 10800963 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0742174.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
3-Azidophenyl- and 3-isothiocyanatophenyl-and 2-(5'-azidopentyl)- and 2-(5'-isothiocyanatopentyl)pyrazoles were synthesized to determine whether these compounds could behave as covalently binding ligands for the CB1 cannabinoid receptor in rat brain membranes. Heterologous displacement of [3H]CP55940 indicated that the apparent affinity of these compounds for the CB1 receptor was similar to that of the parent compound, SR141716A, with the exception of the 3-isothiocyanato derivatives, which showed a 10-fold loss of affinity. The 3-azidophenyl and 3-isothiocyanatophenyl compounds behaved as antagonists against the cannabinoid agonist desacetyllevonantradol in activation of G proteins [guanosine 5'-O-(y-[35S]thio)triphosphate ([35S]GTPgammaS) binding] and regulation of adenylyl cyclase. The 2-(5'-azidopentyl)- and 2-(5'-isothiocyanatopentyl)pyrazoles were poor antagonists for [35S]GTPgammaS binding, and both compounds failed to antagonize the cannabinoid regulation of adenylyl cyclase. After incubation with the isothiocyanato analogues or UV irradiation of the azido analogues, the 3-substituted aryl pyrazoles formed covalent bonds with the CB1 receptor as evidenced by the loss of specific binding of [3H]CP55940. In the case of the isothiocyanato analogues, the log concentration-response curve for cannabinoid-stimulated [35S]GTPgammaS binding was shifted to the right, indicating that loss of receptors compromised signal transduction capability. These irreversibly binding antagonists might be useful tools for the investigation of tolerance and receptor down-regulation in both in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Howlett
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St Louis University, Missouri 63104, USA.
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Byun R, Elbourne LD, Lan R, Reeves PR. Evolutionary relationships of pathogenic clones of Vibrio cholerae by sequence analysis of four housekeeping genes. Infect Immun 1999; 67:1116-24. [PMID: 10024551 PMCID: PMC96437 DOI: 10.1128/iai.67.3.1116-1124.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of the Vibrio cholerae population, using molecular typing techniques, have shown the existence of several pathogenic clones, mainly sixth-pandemic, seventh-pandemic, and U.S. Gulf Coast clones. However, the relationship of the pathogenic clones to environmental V. cholerae isolates remains unclear. A previous study to determine the phylogeny of V. cholerae by sequencing the asd (aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase) gene of V. cholerae showed that the sixth-pandemic, seventh-pandemic, and U.S. Gulf Coast clones had very different asd sequences which fell into separate lineages in the V. cholerae population. As gene trees drawn from a single gene may not reflect the true topology of the population, we sequenced the mdh (malate dehydrogenase) and hlyA (hemolysin A) genes from representatives of environmental and clinical isolates of V. cholerae and found that the mdh and hlyA sequences from the three pathogenic clones were identical, except for the previously reported 11-bp deletion in hlyA in the sixth-pandemic clone. Identical sequences were obtained, despite average nucleotide differences in the mdh and hlyA genes of 1.52 and 3.25%, respectively, among all the isolates, suggesting that the three pathogenic clones are closely related. To extend these observations, segments of the recA and dnaE genes were sequenced from a selection of the pathogenic isolates, where the sequences were either identical or substantially different between the clones. The results show that the three pathogenic clones are very closely related and that there has been a high level of recombination in their evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Byun
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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40
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Lan R, Liu Q, Fan P, Lin S, Fernando SR, McCallion D, Pertwee R, Makriyannis A. Structure-activity relationships of pyrazole derivatives as cannabinoid receptor antagonists. J Med Chem 1999; 42:769-76. [PMID: 10052983 DOI: 10.1021/jm980363y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As a potent, specific antagonist for the brain cannabinoid receptor (CB1), the biarylpyrazole N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2, 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (SR141716A; 1) was the lead compound for initiating studies designed to examine the structure-activity relationships of related compounds and to search for more selective and potent cannabimimetic ligands. A series of pyrazole derivatives was designed and synthesized to aid in the characterization of the cannabinoid receptor binding sites and also to serve as potentially useful pharmacological probes. Therapeutically, such compounds may have the ability to antagonize harmful side effects of cannabinoids and cannabimimetic agents. Structural requirements for potent and selective brain cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonistic activity included (a) a para-substituted phenyl ring at the 5-position, (b) a carboxamido group at the 3-position, and (c) a 2,4-dichlorophenyl substituent at the 1-position of the pyrazole ring. The most potent compound of this series contained a p-iodophenyl group at the 5-position, a piperidinyl carboxamide at the 3-position, and a 2,4-dichlorophenyl group at the 1-position of the pyrazole ring. The iodinated nature of this compound offers additional utility as a gamma-enriching SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) ligand that may be useful in characterizing brain CB1 receptor binding in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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41
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Gifford AN, Bruneus M, Gatley SJ, Lan R, Makriyannis A, Volkow ND. Large receptor reserve for cannabinoid actions in the central nervous system. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999; 288:478-83. [PMID: 9918548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The receptor occupancy required to produce cannabinoid effects in the central nervous system was determined in both a neurochemical and a behavioral assay for cannabinoid actions. In the neurochemical experiments, performed on superfused rat hippocampal slices, electrically evoked [3H]acetylcholine release was inhibited by the cannabinoid agonist, WIN 55212 to 2 with an EC50 of 0.005 microM and maximum effect of 79%. In parallel experiments examining binding of the radiolabeled CB1 antagonist [131I]AM 281 (N-(morpholin-4-yl)-5-(4-[131I]iodophenyl)-1-(2, 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide) to living hippocampal slices, WIN 55212 to 2 inhibited [131I]AM 281 binding with an EC50 of 1.3 microM. From these two sets of data it was determined that 50% of maximal inhibition of [3H]acetylcholine release in hippocampal slices occurs at a receptor occupancy of only 0.13% and 95% of maximal inhibition at a receptor occupancy of 7.5%, suggesting the presence of a receptor reserve that is large compared with other G protein-coupled receptor systems in the central nervous system. In behavioral experiments, WIN 55212 to 2 inhibited spontaneous locomotor activity in mice with an ED50 of 0.3 mg/kg, i. v. In in vivo binding experiments using [131I]AM 281, WIN 55212 to 2 failed to produce significant inhibition of radiotracer binding in the mouse brains, except at very high doses (10 mg/kg or greater, i. v.). By contrast, the CB1 antagonist SR 141716A (10 mg/kg, i.p.), completely abolished specific [131I]AM 281 binding. These experiments suggest that behavioral effects of cannabinoids, like neurochemical effects, are produced at very low receptor occupancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Gifford
- Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
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42
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Abstract
The mass spectrometric behaviour of three 1a,3-diaryl-1,1,4, 4-tetrachloro-1a,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1H-azirino-[2,1-e][1, 6]benzothiazocines has been studied with the aid of mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy spectro--metry and exact mass measurements under electron impact ionization. All compounds show a tendency-to eliminate a neutral substituted/unsubstituted 1,1-dichlorostyrene from the eight-membered thiazocine ring to yield azirino[2,1-c][1, 4]benzothiazine ions, which can then lose a chlorine radical and a sulfur-atom to form azirino[2,1-c][1,4]benzothiazine ions and dihydroquinoline ions. All compounds could also eliminate a chlorine radical plus hydrogen chloride, stepwise or consecutively, to undergo a ring enlargement rearrangement to produce nine-membered 1, 7-benzothiazonine ions. The [M(+) - Cl] ions could undergo a four-membered ring rearrangement to yield 1,5-benzothiazepine ions by loss of 1,1-dichlorostyrene or styrene ions and HCl, and undergo alpha, alpha-cleavage to form benzothiazine ions by loss of arylchlorocyclopropane. The [M(+) - Cl - HCl] ions could further eliminate some atoms, small molecules or molecular fragments to form some abundant fragment ions. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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43
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Abstract
The mass spectrometric behaviour of eight 1a,3-disubstituted 1, 1-dichloro-1,1a,2,3-tetrahydroazirino[2,1-d][1,5]benzothiazepines has been studied with the aid of mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometry and exact mass measurements under electron impact ionization. All compounds show a tendency to eliminate a chlorine radical from the aziridine ring and then eliminate a neutral propene or substituted/unsubstituted styrene from the thiazepine ring to yield 1,4-benzothiazine ions. They can also lose hydrogen chloride and a chlorine radical, or lose two chlorine atoms, to undergo a ring enlargement rearrangement to produce 1,6-benzothiazocine ions, which can further eliminate propyne or phenylacetylene, or small molecular fragments, to yield some abundant fragment ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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44
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Abstract
Ribotyping has been widely used to characterise the seventh pandemic clone including South American and O139 variants which appeared in 1991 and 1992 respectively. To reveal the molecular basis of ribotype variation we analysed the rrn operons and their flanking regions. All but one variation detected by BglI, the most discriminatory enzyme, was found to be due to changes within the rrn operons, resulting from recombination between operons. The recombinants are detected because of the presence of a BglI site in the 16S gene in three of the nine rrn operons and/or changes of intergenic spacer types of which four variants were identified. As the frequency of rrn recombination is high, ribotyping becomes a less useful tool for evolutionary studies and long term monitoring of the pathogenic clones of Vibrio cholerae as variation could undergo precise reversion by the same recombination event.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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45
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Pérez Luz S, Rodríguez-Valera F, Lan R, Reeves PR. Variation of the ribosomal operon 16S-23S gene spacer region in representatives of Salmonella enterica subspecies. J Bacteriol 1998; 180:2144-51. [PMID: 9555898 PMCID: PMC107142 DOI: 10.1128/jb.180.8.2144-2151.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The 16S-23S spacer regions of two ribosomal operons (rrnA and rrnE) have been sequenced in seven representatives of the Salmonella enterica subspecies. Isolated nucleotide substitutions were found at the same sites as in Escherichia coli but the number of polymorphic sites was much larger, as could be expected for a more heterogeneous species. Still, as in E. coli, most of the variation found was due to insertions and/or deletions affecting blocks of nucleotides generally located at equivalent regions of the putative secondary structure for both species. Isolated polymorphic sites generated phylogenetic trees generally consistent with the subspecies structure and the accepted relationships among the subspecies. However, the sequences of rrnE put subspecies I closer to E. coli K-12 than to the other S. enterica subspecies. The distribution of polymorphisms affecting blocks of nucleotides was much more random, and the presence of equivalent sequences in distantly related subspecies, and even in E. coli, could reflect relatively frequent horizontal transfer. The smallest 16S-23S spacers in other genera of the family Enterobacteriaceae were also sequenced. As expected, the level of variation was much larger. Still, the phylogenetic tree inferred is consistent with those of 16S rRNA or housekeeping genes.
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MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- DNA Transposable Elements
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Escherichia coli/genetics
- Evolution, Molecular
- Genetic Variation
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Nucleic Acid Conformation
- Operon
- Phylogeny
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- RNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/biosynthesis
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/biosynthesis
- RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/genetics
- Salmonella enterica/genetics
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Deletion
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pérez Luz
- Departamento de Genética y Microbiología, Campus de San Juan, Universidad de Alicante, Spain
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46
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Abstract
Two strains of Vibrio cholerae are currently significant in cholera: a remnant from the sixth pandemic (1899-1923) still present in South Asia and the seventh pandemic strain which emerged in 1961. The 1990s were marked by spread of the seventh pandemic to South America in 1991 and appearance of an O139 form of the seventh pandemic strain in 1992 (or possibly 1991), which in 1993 predominated in some areas but then declined. Molecular analysis showed that the sixth and the seventh pandemic clones are related, but have a different TCP pathogenicity island and possibly different CTX phages, suggesting independent derivation from related environmental strains. Upsurges of the seventh pandemic were accompanied by increased genetic variation enabling the relationships between strains to be studied, but the basis for variation in pathogenicity is not known. There is clearly a risk of new forms arising and a strategy for speedy development of vaccines needs to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Reeves
- Department of Microbiology, University of Sydney, Australia
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47
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Gatley SJ, Lan R, Volkow ND, Pappas N, King P, Wong CT, Gifford AN, Pyatt B, Dewey SL, Makriyannis A. Imaging the brain marijuana receptor: development of a radioligand that binds to cannabinoid CB1 receptors in vivo. J Neurochem 1998; 70:417-23. [PMID: 9422389 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70010417.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The major active ingredient of marijuana, (-)-delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, exerts its psychoactive effects via binding to cannabinoid CB1 receptors, which are widely distributed in the brain. Radionuclide imaging of CB1 receptors in living human subjects would help explore the presently unknown physiological roles of this receptor system, as well as the neurochemical consequences of marijuana dependence. Currently available cannabinoid receptor radioligands are exceedingly lipophilic and unsuitable for in vivo use. We report the development of a novel radioligand, [123I]AM281[N-(morpholin-4-yl)-5-(4-[123I]iodophenyl)-1-(2,4 -dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide], that is structurally related to the CB1-selective antagonist SR141716A [N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-me thyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide]. Baboon single photon emission computed tomography studies, mouse brain dissection studies, and ex vivo autoradiography in rat brain demonstrated rapid passage of [123I]AM281 into the brain after intravenous injection, appropriate regional brain specificity of binding, and reduction of binding after treatment with SR141716A. AM281 has an affinity in the low nanomolar range for cerebellar binding sites labeled with [3H]SR141716A in vitro, and binding of [123I]AM281 is inhibited by several structurally distinct cannabinoid receptor ligands. We conclude that [123I]AM281 has appropriate properties for in vivo studies of cannabinoid CB1 receptors and is suitable for imaging these receptors in the living human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Gatley
- Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
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48
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Gifford AN, Tang Y, Gatley SJ, Volkow ND, Lan R, Makriyannis A. Effect of the cannabinoid receptor SPECT agent, AM 281, on hippocampal acetylcholine release from rat brain slices. Neurosci Lett 1997; 238:84-6. [PMID: 9464661 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(97)00851-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The SPECT ligand AM 281, a less lipophilic analog of the cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR 141716A, robustly potentiated electrically-evoked release of acetylcholine from superfused hippocampal slices and prevented the inhibition of acetylcholine release by the cannabimimetic drug WIN 55212-2. These results, similar to earlier observations with SR 141716A, indicate that AM 281 is either a cannabinoid receptor antagonist or inverse agonist. Despite showing lower affinity than SR 141716A in hippocampal membrane binding experiments, AM 281 had slightly greater potency than SR 141716A in the hippocampal slice experiments, perhaps because of reduced drug absorption to slice membranes and to the apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Gifford
- Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
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49
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Gatley SJ, Lan R, Pyatt B, Gifford AN, Volkow ND, Makriyannis A. Binding of the non-classical cannabinoid CP 55,940, and the diarylpyrazole AM251 to rodent brain cannabinoid receptors. Life Sci 1997; 61:PL 191-7. [PMID: 9335234 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(97)00690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The binding of [123I]AM251 (a radioiodinated analog of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist SR141716A) was compared to that of [3H]CP 55,940 in mouse and rat brain preparations. Scatchard analysis of the binding of [123I]AM251 and [3H]CP 55,940 to membranes prepared from mouse cerebellum, striatum and hippocampus yielded similar Bmax values (15-41 pmol/g wet wt tissue). Kd values were lower for [123I]AM251 (0.23-0.62 nM) than for [3H]CP 55,940 (1.3-4 nM). CP 55,940 and SR141716A increased dissociation of [123I]AM251 from binding sites in mouse cerebellar homogenates to a similar extent. The structurally dissimilar cannabinoid receptor ligands THC, methanandamide, WIN 55, 212-2, CP 55,940 and SR141716A were each able to fully compete with binding of both [123I]AM251 and [3H]CP 55,940 in mouse cerebellum. In vitro autoradiography demonstrated that the distribution of binding sites for [123I]AM251 in rat brain was very similar to published distributions of binding sites for [3H]CP 55,940. Together, these observations suggest that AM251 binds to the same site (the cannabinoid CB1 receptor) in rodent brains as CP 55,940. However, the binding site domains which interact with AM251 and CP 55,940 may not be identical, since IC50 values for cannabinoid receptor ligands depended on whether [123I]AM251 or [3H]CP 55,940 was used as radioligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Gatley
- Medical Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
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50
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Pupo GM, Karaolis DK, Lan R, Reeves PR. Evolutionary relationships among pathogenic and nonpathogenic Escherichia coli strains inferred from multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and mdh sequence studies. Infect Immun 1997; 65:2685-92. [PMID: 9199437 PMCID: PMC175379 DOI: 10.1128/iai.65.7.2685-2692.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the species Escherichia coli, there are commensal strains and a variety of pathogenic strains, including enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), and urinary tract infection (UTI) strains. The pathogenic strains are identified by serotype and by possession of specific virulence determinants (toxins and adhesions, etc.) encoded by either monocistronic genes, plasmids, or pathogenicity islands. Although there are studies on the relationships between selected pathogenic strains, the relatedness among the majority of the pathogenic forms to each other, to commensal E. coli, and to the genus Shigella (which has often been suggested to be part of E. coli) has not been determined. We used multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) at 10 enzyme loci and the sequence of the mdh housekeeping gene to study the genetic relationships of pathogenic E. coli strains (including Shigella clones), namely, 5 EPEC strains (serotypes O111 and O55), 3 EHEC strains (serotype O157), 6 ETEC strains (serotypes O78, O159, and O148), 5 EIEC strains (serotypes O124, O28, and O112), and 13 Shigella strains representing clones Flexneri, Dysenteriae, Boydii, and Sonnei, to commensal E. coli strains. Both the MLEE and mdh sequence trees reveal that EPEC, EHEC, ETEC, EIEC, and UTI strains are distributed among the ECOR set groups, with no overall clustering of EPEC, ETEC, EIEC, or UTI strains. The genus Shigella is shown to comprise a group of closely related pathogenic E. coli strains. Six pathogenic strains, i.e., M502 (EIEC; O112ac:NM), M503 (EPEC; O111:H12), M526 (ETEC; O159:H4), M522 (EPEC; O111ac:H12), M524 (ETEC; O78:H11), and M506 (ETEC; O78:H11), were found to have mdh sequences identical to those of five ECOR group A strains (ECOR5, ECOR10, ECOR14, ECOR6, and K-12). All 11 strains are closely related by MLEE. The results indicate that pathogenic strains of E. coli do not have a single evolutionary origin within E. coli but have arisen many times. The results also suggest the possibility that any E. coli strain acquiring the appropriate virulence factors may give rise to a pathogenic form.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Pupo
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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