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Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified at least 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) risk. Most of these SNPs are common variants with small to moderate effect sizes. Here we assessed the combined genetic effects of these variants on PTC risk by using summarized GWAS results to build polygenic risk score (PRS) models in three PTC study groups from Ohio (1,544 patients and 1,593 controls), Iceland (723 patients and 129,556 controls), and the United Kingdom (534 patients and 407,945 controls). A PRS based on the 10 established PTC SNPs showed a stronger predictive power compared with the clinical factors model, with a minimum increase of area under the receiver-operating curve of 5.4 percentage points (P ≤ 1.0 × 10-9). Adding an extended PRS based on 592,475 common variants did not significantly improve the prediction power compared with the 10-SNP model, suggesting that most of the remaining undiscovered genetic risk in thyroid cancer is due to rare, moderate- to high-penetrance variants rather than to common low-penetrance variants. Based on the 10-SNP PRS, individuals in the top decile group of PRSs have a close to sevenfold greater risk (95% CI, 5.4-8.8) compared with the bottom decile group. In conclusion, PRSs based on a small number of common germline variants emphasize the importance of heritable low-penetrance markers in PTC.
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52
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Papoian V, Rosen JE, Lee W, Wartofsky L, Felger EA. Differentiated thyroid cancer and Hashimoto thyroiditis: Utility of the Afirma gene expression classifier. J Surg Oncol 2020; 121:1053-1057. [PMID: 32115718 DOI: 10.1002/jso.25875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The Afirma gene expression classifier (AGEC) has not been tested or validated in a high-risk group, such as patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). We hypothesized that AGEC would perform worse in patients with HT. METHODS A retrospective review of patient charts in a single academic institution who underwent thyroidectomy between 2012 and 2017 was conducted. Patients with HT who underwent AGEC were identified to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). RESULTS We identified 69 patients with HT and atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) on cytology who underwent AGEC analysis. The mean age of AGEC cohort was 50 years (range, 26-77 years) with 90% female. The median nodule size was 1.9 cm (interquartile range [IQR], 1.2-2.7 cm). Of the 69 patients, 62 showed suspicious AGEC of which 26 showed TC on surgical pathology. Of the seven benign AGEC, two showed TC on surgical pathology. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 93%, 12%, 42%, and 71%, respectively. Of the entire AGEC cohort, 17 (43%) showed multicentric disease. CONCLUSIONS We observed a lower NPV for AGEC to rule out thyroid cancer in patients with HT, which reduces the utility of the test for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vardan Papoian
- Department of Surgery, Washington Hospital Center, MedStar Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jennifer E Rosen
- Department of Surgery, Washington Hospital Center, MedStar Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Wen Lee
- Department of Pathology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Leonard Wartofsky
- Department of Endocrinology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Erin A Felger
- Department of Surgery, Washington Hospital Center, MedStar Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
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53
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Morillo-Bernal J, Fernández LP, Santisteban P. FOXE1 regulates migration and invasion in thyroid cancer cells and targets ZEB1. Endocr Relat Cancer 2020; 27:137-151. [PMID: 31846430 PMCID: PMC6993207 DOI: 10.1530/erc-19-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
FOXE1 is a thyroid-specific transcription factor essential for thyroid gland development and maintenance of the differentiated state. Interestingly, a strong association has been recently described between FOXE1 expression and susceptibility to thyroid cancer, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying FOXE1-induced thyroid tumorigenesis. Here, we used a panel of human thyroid cancer-derived cell lines covering the spectrum of thyroid cancer phenotypes to examine FOXE1 expression and to test for correlations between FOXE1 expression, the allele frequency of two SNPs and a length polymorphism in or near the FOXE1 locus associated with cancer susceptibility, and the migration ability of thyroid cancer cell lines. Results showed that FOXE1 expression correlated with differentiation status according to histological sub-type, but not with SNP genotype or cell migration ability. However, loss-and-gain-of-function experiments revealed that FOXE1 modulates cell migration, suggesting a role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our previous genome-wide expression analysis identified Zeb1, a major EMT inducer, as a putative Foxe1 target gene. Indeed, gene silencing of FOXE1 decreased ZEB1 expression, whereas its overexpression increased ZEB1 transcriptional activity. FOXE1 was found to directly interact with the ZEB1 promoter. Lastly, ZEB1 silencing decreased the ability of thyroid tumoral cells to migrate and invade, pointing to its importance in thyroid tumor mestastases. In conclusion, we have identified ZEB1 as a bona fide target of FOXE1 in thyroid cancer cells, which provides new insights into the role of FOXE1 in regulating cell migration and invasion in thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Morillo-Bernal
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas, and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara P Fernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas, and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Santisteban
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas, and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence should be addressed to P Santisteban:
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54
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Comiskey DF, He H, Liyanarachchi S, Sheikh MS, Genutis LK, Hendrickson IV, Yu L, Brock PL, de la Chapelle A. Variants in LRRC34 reveal distinct mechanisms for predisposition to papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Med Genet 2020; 57:519-527. [PMID: 32051256 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2019-106554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) demonstrates high heritability and a low somatic mutation burden relative to other cancers. Therefore, the genetic risk predisposing to PTC is likely due to a combination of low penetrance variants. A recent genome-wide association study revealed the association of PTC with a missense variant, rs6793295, at 3q26 in a gene called Leucine Repeat Rich Containing 34 (LRRC34). METHODS We report the mechanisms of PTC risk at 3q26 using a combination of overexpression, mass spectroscopy, knockdown, transcriptome profiling, migration assays and genetic analysis. RESULTS We observed differential binding of wild-type and missense LRRC34 to RANBP1. Overexpression of missense LRRC34 reduced RanGTP levels and increased apoptosis. We also identified a second linkage disequilibrium (LD) block upstream of LRRC34 containing regulatory variants with allele-specific expression. Transcriptome profiling of LRRC34 knockdown cells showed changes in genes involved with cellular movement. LRRC34 knockdown reduced the migration of thyroid cancer cell lines. Lastly, we assessed the relative contribution of PTC risk from each locus using haplotype analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates two separate mechanisms, one in G protein signalling and the other in transcriptional control, dictating PTC risk at 3q26 using both biochemical and genetic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Forrest Comiskey
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Huiling He
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mehek S Sheikh
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Luke K Genutis
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Isabella V Hendrickson
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lianbo Yu
- Center for Biostatistics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Pamela L Brock
- Internal Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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55
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Hińcza K, Kowalik A, Pałyga I, Walczyk A, Gąsior-Perczak D, Mikina E, Trybek T, Szymonek M, Gadawska-Juszczyk K, Zajkowska K, Suligowska A, Kuchareczko A, Krawczyk K, Kopczyński J, Chrapek M, Góźdź S, Kowalska A. Does the TT Variant of the rs966423 Polymorphism in DIRC3 Affect the Stage and Clinical Course of Papillary Thyroid Cancer? Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E423. [PMID: 32059462 PMCID: PMC7072153 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common cancer of the endocrine system. Most new diagnoses are of low-grade papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), suggesting that PTC may be over-diagnosed. However, the incidence of advanced-stage PTC has increased in recent years. It is therefore very important to identify prognostic factors for advanced PTC. Somatic mutation of the BRAF gene at V600E, or the coexistence of the BRAF V600E mutation and mutations in the TERT promoter are associated with more aggressive disease. It would also be valuable to identify genetic risk factors affecting PTC prognosis. We therefore evaluated the impact of the rs966423 polymorphism in the DIRC3 gene, including its relationship with unfavorable histopathological and clinical features and mortality, in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The study included 1466 patients diagnosed with DTC from one center. There was no significant association between the DIRC3 genotype at rs966423 (CC, CT, or TT) and any histopathological or clinic factor examined, including initial response to therapy, response at follow-up, or overall mortality, in DTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Hińcza
- Molecular Diagnostics, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego Str. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (A.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Artur Kowalik
- Molecular Diagnostics, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego Str. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (A.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Iwona Pałyga
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc Av. 19, 25-319 Kielce, Poland; (I.P.); (S.G.); (A.K.)
- Endocrinology, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego St. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (A.W.); (D.G.-P.); (E.M.); (T.T.); (M.S.); (K.G.-J.); (K.Z.); (A.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Walczyk
- Endocrinology, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego St. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (A.W.); (D.G.-P.); (E.M.); (T.T.); (M.S.); (K.G.-J.); (K.Z.); (A.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Danuta Gąsior-Perczak
- Endocrinology, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego St. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (A.W.); (D.G.-P.); (E.M.); (T.T.); (M.S.); (K.G.-J.); (K.Z.); (A.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Estera Mikina
- Endocrinology, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego St. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (A.W.); (D.G.-P.); (E.M.); (T.T.); (M.S.); (K.G.-J.); (K.Z.); (A.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Tomasz Trybek
- Endocrinology, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego St. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (A.W.); (D.G.-P.); (E.M.); (T.T.); (M.S.); (K.G.-J.); (K.Z.); (A.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Monika Szymonek
- Endocrinology, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego St. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (A.W.); (D.G.-P.); (E.M.); (T.T.); (M.S.); (K.G.-J.); (K.Z.); (A.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Klaudia Gadawska-Juszczyk
- Endocrinology, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego St. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (A.W.); (D.G.-P.); (E.M.); (T.T.); (M.S.); (K.G.-J.); (K.Z.); (A.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Klaudia Zajkowska
- Endocrinology, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego St. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (A.W.); (D.G.-P.); (E.M.); (T.T.); (M.S.); (K.G.-J.); (K.Z.); (A.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Suligowska
- Endocrinology, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego St. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (A.W.); (D.G.-P.); (E.M.); (T.T.); (M.S.); (K.G.-J.); (K.Z.); (A.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Artur Kuchareczko
- Endocrinology, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego St. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (A.W.); (D.G.-P.); (E.M.); (T.T.); (M.S.); (K.G.-J.); (K.Z.); (A.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Karol Krawczyk
- Molecular Diagnostics, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego Str. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (A.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Janusz Kopczyński
- Surgical Pathology, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego Str. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Chrapek
- Department of Probability Theory and Statistics Institute of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska Str. 15, 25-406 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc Av. 19, 25-319 Kielce, Poland; (I.P.); (S.G.); (A.K.)
- Clinical Oncology, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego Str. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
| | - Aldona Kowalska
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc Av. 19, 25-319 Kielce, Poland; (I.P.); (S.G.); (A.K.)
- Endocrinology, Holycross Cancer Centre, S. Artwińskiego St. 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland; (A.W.); (D.G.-P.); (E.M.); (T.T.); (M.S.); (K.G.-J.); (K.Z.); (A.S.); (A.K.)
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56
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Salem JE, Shoemaker MB, Bastarache L, Shaffer CM, Glazer AM, Kroncke B, Wells QS, Shi M, Straub P, Jarvik GP, Larson EB, Velez Edwards DR, Edwards TL, Davis LK, Hakonarson H, Weng C, Fasel D, Knollmann BC, Wang TJ, Denny JC, Ellinor PT, Roden DM, Mosley JD. Association of Thyroid Function Genetic Predictors With Atrial Fibrillation: A Phenome-Wide Association Study and Inverse-Variance Weighted Average Meta-analysis. JAMA Cardiol 2020; 4:136-143. [PMID: 30673079 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2018.4615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Importance Thyroid hormone levels are tightly regulated through feedback inhibition by thyrotropin, produced by the pituitary gland. Hyperthyroidism is overwhelmingly due to thyroid disorders and is well recognized to contribute to a wide spectrum of cardiovascular morbidity, particularly the increasingly common arrhythmia atrial fibrillation (AF). Objective To determine the association between genetically determined thyrotropin levels and AF. Design, Setting, and Participants This phenome-wide association study scanned 1318 phenotypes associated with a polygenic predictor of thyrotropin levels identified by a previously published genome-wide association study that included participants of European ancestry. North American individuals of European ancestry with longitudinal electronic health records were analyzed from May 2008 to November 2016. Analysis began March 2018. Main Outcomes and Measures Clinical diagnoses associated with a polygenic predictor of thyrotropin levels. Exposures Genetically determined thyrotropin levels. Results Of 37 154 individuals, 19 330 (52%) were men. The thyrotropin polygenic predictor was positively associated with hypothyroidism (odds ratio [OR], 1.10; 95% CI, 1.07-1.14; P = 5 × 10-11) and inversely associated with diagnoses related to hyperthyroidism (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.54-0.74; P = 2 × 10-8 for toxic multinodular goiter). Among nonthyroid associations, the top association was AF/flutter (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.9-0.95; P = 9 × 10-7). When the analyses were repeated excluding 9801 individuals with any diagnoses of a thyroid-related disease, the AF association persisted (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.88-0.95; P = 2.9 × 10-6). To replicate this association, we conducted an inverse-variance weighted average meta-analysis using AF single-nucleotide variant weights from a genome-wide association study of 17 931 AF cases and 115 142 controls. As in the discovery analyses, each SD increase in predicted thyrotropin was associated with a decreased risk of AF (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.79-0.93; P = 4.7 × 10-4). In a set of AF cases (n = 745) and controls (n = 1680) older than 55 years, directly measured thyrotropin levels that fell within the normal range were inversely associated with AF risk (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83-0.99; P = .04). Conclusions and Relevance This study suggests a role for genetically determined variation in thyroid function within a physiologically accepted normal range as a risk factor for AF. The clinical decision to treat subclinical thyroid disease should incorporate the risk for AF as antithyroid medications to treat hyperthyroidism may reduce AF risk and thyroid hormone replacement for hypothyroidism may increase AF risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe-Elie Salem
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) CIC Paris-Est, AP-HP, Institute of Cardio metabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Pharmacology, Paris, France.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - M Benjamin Shoemaker
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lisa Bastarache
- Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Christian M Shaffer
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Andrew M Glazer
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Brett Kroncke
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Quinn S Wells
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Mingjian Shi
- Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Peter Straub
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Gail P Jarvik
- Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington, Seattle.,Department Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Eric B Larson
- Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington, Seattle.,Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lea K Davis
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Pulmonary Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Chunhua Weng
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York
| | - David Fasel
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York
| | - Bjorn C Knollmann
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Thomas J Wang
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Joshua C Denny
- Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.,The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Dan M Roden
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jonathan D Mosley
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.,Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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57
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Ellervik C, Roselli C, Christophersen IE, Alonso A, Pietzner M, Sitlani CM, Trompet S, Arking DE, Geelhoed B, Guo X, Kleber ME, Lin HJ, Lin H, MacFarlane P, Selvin E, Shaffer C, Smith AV, Verweij N, Weiss S, Cappola AR, Dörr M, Gudnason V, Heckbert S, Mooijaart S, März W, Psaty BM, Ridker PM, Roden D, Stott DJ, Völzke H, Benjamin EJ, Delgado G, Ellinor P, Homuth G, Köttgen A, Jukema JW, Lubitz SA, Mora S, Rienstra M, Rotter JI, Shoemaker MB, Sotoodehnia N, Taylor KD, van der Harst P, Albert CM, Chasman DI. Assessment of the Relationship Between Genetic Determinants of Thyroid Function and Atrial Fibrillation: A Mendelian Randomization Study. JAMA Cardiol 2020; 4:144-152. [PMID: 30673084 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2018.4635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Importance Increased free thyroxine (FT4) and decreased thyrotropin are associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) in observational studies, but direct involvement is unclear. Objective To evaluate the potential direct involvement of thyroid traits on AF. Design, Setting, and Participants Study-level mendelian randomization (MR) included 11 studies, and summary-level MR included 55 114 AF cases and 482 295 referents, all of European ancestry. Exposures Genomewide significant variants were used as instruments for standardized FT4 and thyrotropin levels within the reference range, standardized triiodothyronine (FT3):FT4 ratio, hypothyroidism, standardized thyroid peroxidase antibody levels, and hyperthyroidism. Mendelian randomization used genetic risk scores in study-level analysis or individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 2-sample MR for the summary-level data. Main Outcomes and Measures Prevalent and incident AF. Results The study-level analysis included 7679 individuals with AF and 49 233 referents (mean age [standard error], 62 [3] years; 15 859 men [29.7%]). In study-level random-effects meta-analysis, the pooled hazard ratio of FT4 levels (nanograms per deciliter) for incident AF was 1.55 (95% CI, 1.09-2.20; P = .02; I2 = 76%) and the pooled odds ratio (OR) for prevalent AF was 2.80 (95% CI, 1.41-5.54; P = .003; I2 = 64%) in multivariable-adjusted analyses. The FT4 genetic risk score was associated with an increase in FT4 by 0.082 SD (standard error, 0.007; P < .001) but not with incident AF (risk ratio, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.62-1.14; P = .27) or prevalent AF (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.64-2.73; P = .46). Similarly, in summary-level inverse-variance weighted random-effects MR, gene-based FT4 within the reference range was not associated with AF (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.89-1.14; P = .88). However, gene-based increased FT3:FT4 ratio, increased thyrotropin within the reference range, and hypothyroidism were associated with AF with inverse-variance weighted random-effects OR of 1.33 (95% CI, 1.08-1.63; P = .006), 0.88 (95% CI, 0.84-0.92; P < .001), and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.90-0.99; P = .009), respectively, and robust to tests of horizontal pleiotropy. However, the subset of hypothyroidism single-nucleotide polymorphisms involved in autoimmunity and thyroid peroxidase antibodies levels were not associated with AF. Gene-based hyperthyroidism was associated with AF with MR-Egger OR of 1.31 (95% CI, 1.05-1.63; P = .02) with evidence of horizontal pleiotropy (P = .045). Conclusions and Relevance Genetically increased FT3:FT4 ratio and hyperthyroidism, but not FT4 within the reference range, were associated with increased AF, and increased thyrotropin within the reference range and hypothyroidism were associated with decreased AF, supporting a pathway involving the pituitary-thyroid-cardiac axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Ellervik
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carolina Roselli
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ingrid E Christophersen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Research, Bærum Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Gjettum, Norway
| | - Alvaro Alonso
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Maik Pietzner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Collen M Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Stella Trompet
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bastiaan Geelhoed
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Torrance, California.,Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance.,Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Marcus E Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Henry J Lin
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Torrance, California.,Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance.,Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.,National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts
| | - Peter MacFarlane
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Christian Shaffer
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Albert V Smith
- School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.,Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Niek Verweij
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Weiss
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anne R Cappola
- Smilow Center for Translational Research, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Susan Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Simon Mooijaart
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Institute for Evidence-Based Medicine in Old Age, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Winfried März
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle.,Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Cardiovascular, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dan Roden
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David J Stott
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Henry Völzke
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Emelia J Benjamin
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.,National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Graciela Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Patrick Ellinor
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts.,Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Georg Homuth
- University Medicine Greifswald, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.,Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johan W Jukema
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, LUMC, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Steven A Lubitz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Samia Mora
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Cardiovascular, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michiel Rienstra
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Torrance, California.,Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance.,Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - M Benjamin Shoemaker
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Division of Genomic Outcomes, Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Torrance, California.,Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance.,Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Pim van der Harst
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Christine M Albert
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Cardiovascular, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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58
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Mussazhanova Z, Rogounovitch TI, Saenko VA, Krykpayeva A, Espenbetova M, Azizov B, Kondo H, Matsuda K, Kalmatayeva Z, Issayeva R, Yeleubayeva Z, Madiyeva M, Mukanova A, Sandybayev M, Bolsynbekova S, Kozykenova Z, Yamashita S, Nakashima M. The Contribution of Genetic Variants to the Risk of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in the Kazakh Population: Study of Common Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Their Clinicopathological Correlations. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:543500. [PMID: 33551988 PMCID: PMC7862756 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.543500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Risk for developing papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the most common endocrine malignancy, is thought to be mediated by lifestyle, environmental exposures and genetic factors. Recent progress in the genome-wide association studies of thyroid cancer leads to the identification of several genetic variants conferring risk to this malignancy across different ethnicities. We set out to elucidate the impact of selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on PTC risk and to evaluate clinicopathological correlations of these genetic variants in the Kazakh population for the first time. METHODS Eight SNPs were genotyped in 485 patients with PTC and 1,008 healthy control Kazakh subjects. The association analysis and multivariable modeling of PTC risk by the genetic factors, supplemented with rigorous statistical validation, were performed. RESULT Five of the eight SNPs: rs965513 (FOXE1/PTCSC2, P = 1.3E-16), rs1867277 (FOXE1 5'UTR, P = 7.5E-06), rs2439302 (NRG1 intron 1, P = 4.0E-05), rs944289 (PTCSC3/NKX2-1, P = 4.5E-06) and rs10136427 (BATF upstream, P = 9.8E-03) were significantly associated with PTC. rs966423 (DIRC3, P = 0.07) showed a suggestive association. rs7267944 (DHX35) was associated with PTC risk in males (P = 0.02), rs1867277 (FOXE1) conferred the higher risk in subjects older than 55 years (P = 7.0E-05), and rs6983267 (POU5F1B/CCAT2) was associated with pT3-T4 tumors (P = 0.01). The contribution of genetic component (unidirectional independent effects of rs965513, rs944289, rs2439302 and rs10136427 adjusted for age and sex) to PTC risk in the analyzed series was estimated to be 30-40%. CONCLUSION Genetic factors analyzed in the present work display significant association signals with PTC either on the whole group analysis or in particular clinicopathological groups and account for about one-third of the risk for PTC in the Kazakh population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanna Mussazhanova
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Care, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Tatiana I. Rogounovitch
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Vladimir A. Saenko
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- *Correspondence: Vladimir A. Saenko,
| | - Ainur Krykpayeva
- Department of Endocrinology, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Maira Espenbetova
- Department of Endocrinology, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Bauyrzhan Azizov
- Endovascular Laboratory of Training Hospital, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Hisayoshi Kondo
- Biostatics Section, Division of Scientific Data Registry, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Katsuya Matsuda
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Zhanna Kalmatayeva
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Care, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Raushan Issayeva
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Care, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhanar Yeleubayeva
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Care, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Center of Morphological Examination, Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Madina Madiyeva
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Aray Mukanova
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Marat Sandybayev
- Center of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology of Semey, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Zhanna Kozykenova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Shunichi Yamashita
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakashima
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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59
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Wang Q, Huang H, Zhao N, Ni X, Udelsman R, Zhang Y. Phytoestrogens and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Connecticut. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 29:500-508. [PMID: 31826911 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Very few previous studies have examined the relationship between thyroid cancer risk and intake of phytoestrogens (PE); furthermore, these studies have reached inconsistent results. METHODS We analyzed data from a population-based case-control study in Connecticut from 2010 to 2011, including 387 histologically confirmed thyroid cancer cases and 433 population-based controls, with compound data available concerning specific PEs. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations between specific PEs and the risk of thyroid cancer, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS An elevated risk of thyroid cancer was associated with moderate to high levels of coumestrol intake [OR = 2.48, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.39-4.43 for 40-80 μg/day; OR = 2.41, 95% CI, 1.32-4.40 for 80-130 μg/day; and OR = 2.38, 95% CI, 1.26-4.50 for >200 μg/day compared with <40 μg/day], and the main elevation in risk appeared among microcarcinomas (≤1 cm). A decreased risk of papillary macrocarcinomas (>1 cm; OR = 0.26, 95% CI, 0.08-0.85 for 1,860-3,110 μg/day compared with <760 μg/day) was associated with moderate genistein intake among women. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that high coumestrol intake increases the risk of thyroid cancer, especially microcarcinomas, whereas moderate amounts of genistein intake appear to be protective for females with thyroid macrocarcinomas. IMPACT The study highlights the importance of distinguishing between microcarcinomas and macrocarcinomas in future research on the etiology of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Huang Huang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Nan Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ni
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Robert Udelsman
- Endocrine Neoplasm Institute, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut. .,Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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60
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Bann DV, Jin Q, Sheldon KE, Houser KR, Nguyen L, Warrick JI, Baker MJ, Broach JR, Gerhard GS, Goldenberg D. Genetic Variants Implicate Dual Oxidase-2 in Familial and Sporadic Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer. Cancer Res 2019; 79:5490-5499. [PMID: 31501191 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Highly penetrant hereditary thyroid cancer manifests as familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC), whereas low-penetrance hereditary thyroid cancer manifests as sporadic disease and is associated with common polymorphisms, including rs965513[A]. Whole-exome sequencing of an FNMTC kindred identified a novel Y1203H germline dual oxidase-2 (DUOX2) mutation. DUOX2Y1203H is enzymatically active, with increased production of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, patients with sporadic thyroid cancer homozygous for rs965513[A] demonstrated higher DUOX2 expression than heterozygous rs965513[A/G] or homozygous rs965513[A]-negative patients. These data suggest that dysregulated hydrogen peroxide metabolism is a common mechanism by which high- and low-penetrance genetic factors increase thyroid cancer risk. SIGNIFICANCE: This study provides novel insights into the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying familial and sporadic thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrin V Bann
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Qunyan Jin
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kathryn E Sheldon
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Kenneth R Houser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Lan Nguyen
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Joshua I Warrick
- Department of Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Maria J Baker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - James R Broach
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Glenn S Gerhard
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David Goldenberg
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
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61
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Alvarez AL, Mulder M, Handelsman RS, Lew JI, Farra JC. High Rates of Underlying Thyroid Cancer in Patients Undergoing Thyroidectomy for Hyperthyroidism. J Surg Res 2019; 245:523-528. [PMID: 31450040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rate of thyroid cancer in patients with hyperthyroidism is reported to be rare, and patients with toxic thyroid nodules do not routinely undergo fine-needle aspiration (FNA) to evaluate for malignancy. However, higher rates of malignancy in hyperthyroid patients may exist than previously reported. This study examines the rate of malignancy in patients with hyperthyroidism who have undergone thyroidectomy. METHODS A retrospective review of prospectively collected data of 138 patients with hyperthyroidism who underwent thyroidectomy at a single institution was performed. Patients were divided into three groups: Graves' disease (n = 80), toxic multinodular goiter (n = 46), and toxic solitary nodule (n = 12). Patients with previous thyroid surgery were excluded from the study. All patients had biochemical confirmation of hyperthyroidism with thyroid-stimulating hormone <0.1 mIU/L and clinical diagnosis by a referring physician. RESULTS Of 138 patients, 22% (31/138) were found to have malignancy on final pathology. The breakdown of malignancy by hyperthyroid condition was as follows: 16% in Graves' disease, 24% in toxic multinodular goiter patients, and 50% in toxic solitary nodule patients. CONCLUSIONS There is a clinically significant rate of malignancy seen in patients who undergo thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism. Patients with distinct thyroid nodules in the presence of hyperthyroidism may have the highest rates of malignancy and should undergo appropriate workup with ultrasound and FNA to exclude underlying malignancy. In cases with suspicious ultrasound features and/or FNA cytopathology, surgical treatment should be considered as initial management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Alvarez
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
| | - Michelle Mulder
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Rachel S Handelsman
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - John I Lew
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Josefina C Farra
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
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62
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Ding Z, Ke R, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Fan J. FOXE1 inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion of papillary thyroid cancer by regulating PDGFA. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 493:110420. [PMID: 31129275 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Forkhead box E1 (FOXE1) plays an important role in the development, proliferation and differentiation of thyroid cells. However, the biological functions of FOXE1 in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remain unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the level of FOXE1 expression was examined in human PTC tissues and cells. Then, the high expression of FOXE1 was specifically silenced by RNA interference in vitro. Subsequently, FOXE1-shRNA was transfected into PTC cells (TPC-1 and K1). The effects on cell proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated. In addition, FOXE1 targets were screened by cDNA microarray assays. The correlation between the expression of target gene platelet-derived growth factor A (PDGFA) and clinicopathological features of PTC patients was analysed. RESULTS FOXE1 is highly expressed in PTC tissues and PTC cell lines. The silencing of FOXE1 significantly promotes PTC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. The cDNA microarray analyses show that PDGFA is a critical downstream target gene of FOXE1 in PTC cells. It was also observed that PDGFA is negatively regulated by FOXE1 in PTC. The clinical data indicate that the low expression level of PDGFA is correlated with the small size of PTC. CONCLUSION Collectively, the results indicate for the first time that high expression of FOXE1 may function as a tumour suppressor in the early stage of PTC and restrain the proliferation, migration and invasion of PTC by negatively regulating PDGFA expression. Thus, FOXE1 could serve as a prognostic biomarker for PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ding
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Ronghu Ke
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200040, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Youben Fan
- Center of Thyroid and Parathyroid, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated the Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, PR China.
| | - Jianxia Fan
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.
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63
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Wang Y, Liyanarachchi S, Miller KE, Nieminen TT, Comiskey DF, Li W, Brock P, Symer DE, Akagi K, DeLap KE, He H, Koboldt DC, de la Chapelle A. Identification of Rare Variants Predisposing to Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid 2019; 29:946-955. [PMID: 30957677 PMCID: PMC6648188 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2018.0736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) accounts for a relatively small proportion of thyroid cancer cases, but it displays strong genetic predisposition. So far, only a few NMTC susceptible genes and low-penetrance variants contributing to NMTC have been described. This study aimed to identify rare germline variants that may predispose individuals to NMTC by sequencing a cohort of 17 NMTC families. Methods: Whole-genome sequencing and genome-wide linkage analysis were performed in 17 NMTC families. MendelScan and BasePlayer were applied to screen germline variants followed by customized filtering. The remaining candidate variants were subsequently validated by Sanger sequencing. A panel of 277 known cancer predisposition genes was also screened in these families. Results: A total of 41 rare coding candidate variants in 40 genes identified by whole-genome sequencing are reported, including 24 missense, five frameshift, five splice change, and seven nonsense variants. Sanger sequencing confirmed all 41 rare variants and proved their co-segregation with NMTC in the extended pedigrees. In silico functional analysis of the candidate genes using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis showed that cancer was the top category of "Diseases and Disorders." Additionally, a targeted search displayed six variants in known cancer predisposition genes, including one frameshift variant and five missense variants. Conclusions: The data identify rare germline variants that may play important roles in NMTC predisposition. It is proposed that in future research including functional characterization, these variants and genes be considered primary candidates for thyroid cancer predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Wang
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Katherine E. Miller
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Taina T. Nieminen
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Daniel F. Comiskey
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Wei Li
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Pamela Brock
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - David E. Symer
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Keiko Akagi
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Katherine E. DeLap
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Huiling He
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Daniel C. Koboldt
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Address correspondence to: Albert de la Chapelle, MD, PhD, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 804 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210
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64
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Kitahara CM. New Evidence on the Association between Prediagnostic Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels and Thyroid Cancer Risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 26:1163-1164. [PMID: 28765335 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cari M Kitahara
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland.
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65
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Shen CT, Zhang GQ, Qiu ZL, Song HJ, Sun ZK, Luo QY. Targeted next-generation sequencing in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients looking for germline variants predisposing to the disease. Endocrine 2019; 64:622-631. [PMID: 30826992 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01878-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSESS The purpose of this study was using next-generation sequencing technique to explore the potential association between germline variants of 14 targeted genes and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) predisposition as well as disease progression. METHODS In all, 516 subjects were enrolled in this study including 416 PTC patients and 100 healthy controls. PTC patients were divided into distant metastasis group and non-distant metastasis group. Patients in distant metastasis group were further divided into radioiodine-refractory PTC (RR-PTC) and non-RR-PTC depending on their response to radioiodine therapy. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood sample and MiSeq Benchtop Sequencer was used for sequencing. RESULTS We found rs11246050 in NLRP6 (dominant model, OR/95% CI: 2.028/1.091-3.769, p = 0.025), rs2286742 and rs3740530 in HABP2 (recessive model, OR/95% CI: 9.644/1.307-71.16, p = 0.026 and 3.989/1.413-11.26, p = 0.009), rs2736098 in TERT (recessive model, OR/95% CI: 2.322/1.028-5.242. p = 0.042) and rs62054619 in GAS8-AS1 (recessive model, OR/95% CI: 2.219/1.067-4.617, p = 0.033) were associated with the risk of PTC. rs1137282 in KRAS (dominant model, OR/95% CI: 0.5430/0.3192-0.9236, p = 0.024), rs1347591 and rs4461062 in NUP93 (dominant model, OR/95% CI: 0.6121/0.4128-0.9076, p = 0.015 and 0.6156/0.4157-0.9117, p = 0.015) were associated with low risk of distant metastatic disease in PTC patients. rs33954691 in TERT was associated with the risk of RR-PTC under dominant model (OR/95% CI: 3.161/1.596-6.262). CONCLUSIONS Germline variants of related genes could be associated with the susceptibility of PTC as well as disease progression (distant metastasis and radioiodine-refractory status). However, these results must be further verified and the potential biological functions of these germline variants in the pathogenesis of PTC remain to be determined in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Tian Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Ling Qiu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Jun Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Kui Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Quan-Yong Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Shi Z, Yu H, Wu Y, Lin X, Bao Q, Jia H, Perschon C, Duggan D, Helfand BT, Zheng SL, Xu J. Systematic evaluation of cancer-specific genetic risk score for 11 types of cancer in The Cancer Genome Atlas and Electronic Medical Records and Genomics cohorts. Cancer Med 2019; 8:3196-3205. [PMID: 30968590 PMCID: PMC6558466 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic risk score (GRS) is an odds ratio (OR)-weighted and population-standardized method for measuring cumulative effect of multiple risk-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We hypothesize that GRS is a valid tool for risk assessment of most common cancers. METHODS Utilizing genotype and phenotype data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE), we tested 11 cancer-specific GRSs (bladder, breast, colorectal, glioma, lung, melanoma, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, renal, and thyroid cancer) for association with the respective cancer type. Cancer-specific GRSs were calculated, for the first time in these cohorts, based on previously published risk-associated SNPs using the Caucasian subjects in these two cohorts. RESULTS Mean cancer-specific GRS in the population controls of eMERGE approximated the expected value of 1.00 (between 0.98 and 1.02) for all 11 types of cancer. Mean cancer-specific GRS was consistently higher in respective cancer patients than controls for all 11 types of cancer (P < 0.05). When subjects were categorized into low-, average-, and high-risk groups based on cancer-specific GRS (<0.5, 0.5-1.5, and >1.5, respectively), significant dose-response associations of higher cancer-specific GRS with higher OR of respective type of cancer were found for nine types of cancer (P-trend < 0.05). More than 64% subjects in the population controls of eMERGE can be classified as high risk for at least one type of these cancers. CONCLUSION Validity of GRS for predicting cancer risk is demonstrated for most types of cancer. If confirmed in larger studies, cancer-specific GRS may have the potential for developing personalized cancer screening strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Shi
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjie Yu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Yishuo Wu
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quanwa Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifei Jia
- Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chelsea Perschon
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - David Duggan
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Brian T Helfand
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Siqun L Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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67
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Hu MJ, Zhang C, Liang L, Wang SY, Zheng XC, Zhang Q, Jiang CX, Zhong Q, Huang F. Fasting serum glucose, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and thyroid hormones and risk of papillary thyroid cancer: A case-control study. Head Neck 2019; 41:2277-2284. [PMID: 30759328 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was to investigate the association of fasting serum glucose (FSG), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroid hormones with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). METHODS A total of 649 participants were included in this case-control study. The associations of FSG, TSH, free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) with PTC were estimated using an unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS Compared with the lowest quintile of TSH levels, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for association between PTC risk and highest quintile of TSH levels were 1.67 (95% CI, 0.99-2.83). However, this risk correlation was more significant in PTC cases with ≤1.0 cm tumor size (adjusted OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.08-3.54; adjusted P-trend, 0.05). The PTC risk was also inversely associated with the serum FT3 level in all participants (adjusted P-trend, 0.001), but positively associated with the serum FT4 (adjusted P-trend, 0.001) and FSG (adjusted P-trend, 0.01) levels. Among the participants without diabetes, the individuals with high FSG levels and abnormal TSH concentration had an increased PTC risk (adjusted OR, 3.38; 95% CI, 1.78-6.42). CONCLUSION The current study provides evidence for the association of FSG, TSH, and thyroid hormones (FT3 and FT4) with PTC risk. However, larger relative studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jun Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ling Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sheng-Ying Wang
- Department of Head and Neck, Breast Surgery, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, West Branch of Anhui Provincial Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xu-Cai Zheng
- Department of Head and Neck, Breast Surgery, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, West Branch of Anhui Provincial Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fen Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Liu Y, Li Z, Tang X, Li M, Shi F. Association between hTERT Polymorphisms and Female Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2019; 14:268-279. [PMID: 31538903 DOI: 10.2174/1574892814666190919145453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A previous genome-wide association study showed that hTERT rs10069690 and rs2736100 polymorphisms were associated with thyroid cancer risk. OBJECTIVE This study further investigated the association between increased risk and clinicopathologic characteristics for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) and hTERT polymorphisms rs10069690 or rs2736100 in a Chinese female population. METHODS The hTERT genotypes of 276 PTC patients and 345 healthy subjects were determined with regard to SNPs rs10069690 and rs2736100. The association between these SNPs and the risk of PTC and clinicopathologic characteristics was investigated by logistic regression. RESULTS We found a significant difference between PTC and rs10069690 (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.515; P = 0.005), but not between PTC and rs2736100. When the analysis was limited to females, rs10069690 and rs2736100 were both associated with increased risk for PTC in female individuals (OR = 1.647, P = 0.007; OR = 1.339, P = 0.041, respectively). Further haplotype analysis revealed a stimulative effect of haplotypes TC and CA of TERT rs10069690-rs2736100, which increased risk for PTC in female individuals (OR = 1.579, P = 0.014; OR = 0.726, P = 0.025, respectively). Furthermore, the heterozygote A/C of rs2736100 showed significant difference for age (OR = 0.514, P = 0.047). CONCLUSION Our finding suggests that hTERT polymorphisms rs10069690 and rs2736100 are associated with increased risk for PTC in Chinese female population and rs2736100 may be related to age. Consistent with US20170360914 and US20170232075, they are expected to be a potential molecular target for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University and Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xinyue Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University and Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Min Li
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Feng Shi
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
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69
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Jendrzejewski J, Liyanarachchi S, Eiterman A, Thomas A, He H, Nagy R, Senter L, Sworczak K, de la Chapelle A. Fine mapping of 14q13 reveals novel variants associated with different histological subtypes of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:503-512. [PMID: 30350351 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The first two genome wide association studies (GWAS) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) detected five variants associated with PTC. Two of them (rs944289 and rs116909374) are located at 14q13 making that locus an important target of research into the genetic predisposition to PTC. We aimed at uncovering other variants at 14q13 associated with PTC independently from the GWAS variants. We performed next generation sequencing of the 14q13 region and analyzed the allele frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in n = 90 PTC cases vs. n = 379 EUR controls from the 1,000 Genome Project. The variants associated with PTC were validated in an Ohio cohort of n = 1,216 PTC cases and n = 1,416 controls. Next, we analyzed the association between SNPs and expression of nearby genes and clinical parameters. We showed that rs368187 was associated with PTC (OR = 1.31, p = 2.20 × 10-6 ). Rs1632250, Rs1863347 and rs1755787 showed association with classical PTC (cPTC) (n = 891; OR = 1.24, 2.22 × 10-3 , OR = 1.31, p = 2.15 × 10-4 and OR = 1.24, p = 2.06 × 10-3 , respectively) while variant rs28397092 showed association with follicular variant (n = 243; OR = 1.51, p = 1.36 × 10-3 ). Rs1863347 was associated with suppression of PTCSC3 in unaffected thyroid tissue (p = 0.026). Rs1632250, rs1863347 and rs1755787 showed association with multifocality (OR = 1.85, p = 0.001, OR = 1.98, p = 0.001 and OR = 1.76, p = 0.003 respectively) and N stage (OR = 1.79, p = 0.014, OR = 1.73, p = 0.023 and OR = 1.81, p = 0.013, respectively) in microPTC (n = 328) while rs368187 was associated with M stage (OR = 0.56, p = 0.034) in cPTC. Our results disclose multiple variants associated with PTC and clinical features in the 14q13 superlocus. We suggest that translational genotype/phenotype studies should take into account not only somatic mutations but also germline variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Jendrzejewski
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.,Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Andrew Eiterman
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Andrew Thomas
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Huiling He
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Rebecca Nagy
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Leigha Senter
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Krzysztof Sworczak
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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Hwangbo Y, Lee EK, Son HY, Im SW, Kwak SJ, Yoon JW, Kim MJ, Kim J, Choi HS, Ryu CH, Lee YJ, Kim JI, Cho NH, Park YJ. Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Distinct Genetic Susceptibility of Thyroid Nodules From Thyroid Cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:4384-4394. [PMID: 30099483 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-02439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Thyroid nodules are very common, and 7% to 15% of them are diagnosed as thyroid cancer. However, the inherited genetic risk factors for thyroid nodules and their associations with thyroid cancer remain unknown. OBJECTIVE To identify the genetic variants associated with susceptibility to thyroid nodules in comparison with thyroid cancer. DESIGN AND SETTING We performed a three-stage genome-wide association study for thyroid nodules. The discovery stage involved a genome-wide scan of 811 subjects with thyroid nodules and 691 subjects with a normal thyroid from a population-based cohort. Replication studies were conducted in an additional 1981 cases and 3100 controls from the participants of a health checkup. We also performed expression quantitative trait loci analysis of public data. RESULTS The most robust association was observed in TRPM3 (rs4745021) in the joint analysis (OR, 1.26; P = 6.12 × 10-8) and meta-analysis (OR, 1.28; P = 2.11 × 10-8). Signals at MBIP/NKX2-1 were replicated but did not reach genome-wide significance in the joint analysis (rs2415317, P = 4.62 × 10-5; rs944289, P = 8.68 × 10-5). The expression quantitative trait loci analysis showed that TRPM3 expression was associated with the rs4745021 genotype in thyroid tissues. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, we have performed the first genome-wide association study of thyroid nodules and identified a susceptibility locus associated with thyroid nodules, suggesting that thyroid nodules have a genetic predisposition distinct from that of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yul Hwangbo
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Korea, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Korea, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Son
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Wha Im
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jung Kwak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Joo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Molecular Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Sung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwan Ryu
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Korea, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - You Jin Lee
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Korea, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Il Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam H Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Genome-wide analyses identify a role for SLC17A4 and AADAT in thyroid hormone regulation. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4455. [PMID: 30367059 PMCID: PMC6203810 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06356-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid dysfunction is an important public health problem, which affects 10% of the general population and increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Many aspects of thyroid hormone regulation have only partly been elucidated, including its transport, metabolism, and genetic determinants. Here we report a large meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for thyroid function and dysfunction, testing 8 million genetic variants in up to 72,167 individuals. One-hundred-and-nine independent genetic variants are associated with these traits. A genetic risk score, calculated to assess their combined effects on clinical end points, shows significant associations with increased risk of both overt (Graves’ disease) and subclinical thyroid disease, as well as clinical complications. By functional follow-up on selected signals, we identify a novel thyroid hormone transporter (SLC17A4) and a metabolizing enzyme (AADAT). Together, these results provide new knowledge about thyroid hormone physiology and disease, opening new possibilities for therapeutic targets. Thyroid dysfunction is a common public health problem and associated with cardiovascular co-morbidities. Here, the authors carry out genome-wide meta-analysis for thyroid hormone (TH) levels, hyper- and hypothyroidism and identify SLC17A4 as a TH transporter and AADAT as a TH metabolizing enzyme.
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72
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Thyroid cancers of follicular origin in a genomic light: in-depth overview of common and unique molecular marker candidates. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:116. [PMID: 30089490 PMCID: PMC6081953 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0866-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, thyroid malignances have become more prevalent, especially among women. The most common sporadic types of thyroid tumors of follicular origin include papillary, follicular and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. Although modern diagnosis methods enable the identification of tumors of small diameter, tumor subtype differentiation, which is imperative for the correct choice of treatment, is still troublesome. This review discusses the recent advances in the field of molecular marker identification via next-generation sequencing and microarrays. The potential use of these biomarkers to distinguish among the most commonly occurring sporadic thyroid cancers is presented and compared. Geographical heterogeneity might be a differentiator, although not necessarily a limiting factor, in biomarker selection. The available data advocate for a subset of mutations common for the three subtypes as well as mutations that are unique for a particular tumor subtype. Tumor heterogeneity, a known issue occurring within solid malignancies, is also discussed where applicable. Public databases with datasets derived from high-throughput experiments are a valuable source of information that aid biomarker research in general, including the identification of molecular hallmarks of thyroid cancer.
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Gaikwad S, Chakraborty A, Salwe S, Patel V, Kulkarni S, Banerjee S. Juglone-ascorbic acid synergy inhibits metastasis and induces apoptotic cell death in poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma by perturbing SOD and catalase activities. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2018; 32:e22176. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sujay Gaikwad
- Radiation Medicine Centre; Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Parel; Mumbai 400012 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar; Mumbai India
| | - Avik Chakraborty
- Radiation Medicine Centre; Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Parel; Mumbai 400012 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar; Mumbai India
| | - Sukeshani Salwe
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health; Mumbai India
| | - Vainav Patel
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health; Mumbai India
| | - Savita Kulkarni
- Radiation Medicine Centre; Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Parel; Mumbai 400012 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar; Mumbai India
| | - Sharmila Banerjee
- Radiation Medicine Centre; Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Parel; Mumbai 400012 India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar; Mumbai India
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Fritsche LG, Gruber SB, Wu Z, Schmidt EM, Zawistowski M, Moser SE, Blanc VM, Brummett CM, Kheterpal S, Abecasis GR, Mukherjee B. Association of Polygenic Risk Scores for Multiple Cancers in a Phenome-wide Study: Results from The Michigan Genomics Initiative. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:1048-1061. [PMID: 29779563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Health systems are stewards of patient electronic health record (EHR) data with extraordinarily rich depth and breadth, reflecting thousands of diagnoses and exposures. Measures of genomic variation integrated with EHRs offer a potential strategy to accurately stratify patients for risk profiling and discover new relationships between diagnoses and genomes. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) for common cancers are associated with multiple phenotypes in a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) conducted in 28,260 unrelated, genotyped patients of recent European ancestry who consented to participate in the Michigan Genomics Initiative, a longitudinal biorepository effort within Michigan Medicine. PRS for 12 cancer traits were calculated using summary statistics from the NHGRI-EBI catalog. A total of 1,711 synthetic case-control studies was used for PheWAS analyses. There were 13,490 (47.7%) patients with at least one cancer diagnosis in this study sample. PRS exhibited strong association for several cancer traits they were designed for, including female breast cancer, prostate cancer, melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and thyroid cancer. Phenome-wide significant associations were observed between PRS and many non-cancer diagnoses. To differentiate PRS associations driven by the primary trait from associations arising through shared genetic risk profiles, the idea of "exclusion PRS PheWAS" was introduced. Further analysis of temporal order of the diagnoses improved our understanding of these secondary associations. This comprehensive PheWAS used PRS instead of a single variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars G Fritsche
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Sør-Trøndelag, Norway
| | - Stephen B Gruber
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Zhenke Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Michigan Institute for Data Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ellen M Schmidt
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Matthew Zawistowski
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Stephanie E Moser
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Victoria M Blanc
- Central Biorepository, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chad M Brummett
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sachin Kheterpal
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gonçalo R Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bhramar Mukherjee
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Michigan Institute for Data Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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75
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Hwangbo Y, Park YJ. Genome-Wide Association Studies of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases, Thyroid Function, and Thyroid Cancer. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2018; 33:175-184. [PMID: 29947174 PMCID: PMC6021314 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2018.33.2.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid diseases, including autoimmune thyroid diseases and thyroid cancer, are known to have high heritability. Family and twin studies have indicated that genetics plays a major role in the development of thyroid diseases. Thyroid function, represented by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (T4), is also known to be partly genetically determined. Before the era of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), the ability to identify genes responsible for susceptibility to thyroid disease was limited. Over the past decade, GWAS have been used to identify genes involved in many complex diseases, including various phenotypes of the thyroid gland. In GWAS of autoimmune thyroid diseases, many susceptibility loci associated with autoimmunity (human leukocyte antigen [HLA], protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 22 [PTPN22], cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 [CTLA4], and interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha [IL2RA]) or thyroid-specific genes (thyroid stimulating hormone receptor [TSHR] and forkhead box E1 [FOXE1]) have been identified. Regarding thyroid function, many susceptibility loci for levels of TSH and free T4 have been identified through genome-wide analyses. In GWAS of differentiated thyroid cancer, associations at FOXE1, MAP3K12 binding inhibitory protein 1 (MBIP)-NK2 homeobox 1 (NKX2-1), disrupted in renal carcinoma 3 (DIRC3), neuregulin 1 (NRG1), and pecanex-like 2 (PCNXL2) have been commonly identified in people of European and Korean ancestry, and many other susceptibility loci have been found in specific populations. Through GWAS of various thyroid-related phenotypes, many susceptibility loci have been found, providing insights into the pathogenesis of thyroid diseases and disease co-clustering within families and individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yul Hwangbo
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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76
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Saenko VA, Rogounovitch TI. Genetic Polymorphism Predisposing to Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Review of Major Findings of the Genome-Wide Association Studies. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2018; 33:164-174. [PMID: 29947173 PMCID: PMC6021315 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2018.33.2.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer has one of the highest hereditary component among human malignancies as seen in medical epidemiology investigations, suggesting the potential meaningfulness of genetic studies. Here we review researches into genetic variations that influence the chance of developing non-familial differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), focusing on the major findings of the genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). To date, eight GWAS have been performed, and the association of a number of SNPs have been reproduced in dozens of replication investigations across different ethnicities, including Korea and Japan. Despite the cumulative effect of the strongest SNPs demonstrates gradual increase in the risk for cancer and their association signals are statistically quite significant, the overall prediction ability for DTC appears to be very limited. Thus, genotyping of common SNPs only would be insufficient for evidence-based counseling in clinical setting at present. Further studies to include less significant and rare SNPs, non-SNP genetic information, gene-gene interactions, ethnicity, non-genetic and environmental factors, and development of more advanced computational algorithms are warranted to approach to personalized disease risk prediction and prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Saenko
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Tatiana I Rogounovitch
- Department of Global Health, Medicine and Welfare, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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77
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Brčić L, Gračan S, Barić A, Gunjača I, Torlak Lovrić V, Kolčić I, Zemunik T, Polašek O, Barbalić M, Punda A, Boraska Perica V. Association of Established Thyroid-stimulating Hormone and Free Thyroxine Genetic Variants with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Immunol Invest 2018; 46:625-638. [PMID: 28753406 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2017.1337785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), the most frequent autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), is characterized by chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland that usually results in hypothyroidism. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels are used as clinical determinants of thyroid function. The main aim of this study was to explore the association of established TSH and FT4 genetic variants with HT. We performed a case-control analysis using 23 genetic markers in 200 HT patients and 304 controls. Additionally, we tested the association of selected variants with several thyroid-related quantitative traits in HT cases only. Two genetic variants showed nominal association with HT: rs11935941 near NR3C2 gene (p = 0.0034, OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.39-0.83) and rs1537424 near MBIP gene (p = 0.0169, OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.55-0.94). Additionally, three SNPs showed nominal association with thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) levels: rs4804416 in INSR gene (p = 0.0073, β = -0.51), rs6435953 near IGFBP5 gene (p = 0.0081, β = 0.75), and rs1537424 near MBIP gene (p = 0.0117, β = 0.49). GLIS3 genetic variant rs10974423 showed nominal association with thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) levels (p = 0.0465, β = -0.56) and NRG1 genetic variant rs7825175 was nominally associated with thyroid gland volume (p = 0.0272, β = -0.18). All detected loci were previously related to thyroid function or pathology. Findings from our study suggest biological relevance of NR3C2 and MBIP with HT, although these loci require additional confirmation in a larger replication study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Brčić
- a Department of Medical Biology , University of Split, School of Medicine , Split , Croatia
| | - Sanda Gračan
- b Department of Nuclear Medicine , University Hospital Split , Split , Croatia
| | - Ana Barić
- b Department of Nuclear Medicine , University Hospital Split , Split , Croatia
| | - Ivana Gunjača
- a Department of Medical Biology , University of Split, School of Medicine , Split , Croatia
| | | | - Ivana Kolčić
- c Department of Epidemiology , University of Split, School of Medicine , Split , Croatia
| | - Tatijana Zemunik
- a Department of Medical Biology , University of Split, School of Medicine , Split , Croatia
| | - Ozren Polašek
- c Department of Epidemiology , University of Split, School of Medicine , Split , Croatia
| | - Maja Barbalić
- a Department of Medical Biology , University of Split, School of Medicine , Split , Croatia
| | - Ante Punda
- b Department of Nuclear Medicine , University Hospital Split , Split , Croatia
| | - Vesna Boraska Perica
- a Department of Medical Biology , University of Split, School of Medicine , Split , Croatia
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78
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Shulan JM, Vydro L, Schneider AB, Mihailescu DV. Role of biomarkers in predicting the occurrence of thyroid neoplasms in radiation-exposed children. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:481-491. [PMID: 29453230 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
With increasing numbers of childhood cancer survivors who were treated with radiation, there is a need to evaluate potential biomarkers that could signal an increased risk of developing thyroid cancer. We aimed to examine the relationships between thyrotropin and thyroglobulin levels and the risk of developing thyroid nodules and cancer in a cohort of radiation-exposed children. 764 subjects who were irradiated in the neck area as children were examined and followed for up to 25 years. All subjects underwent a clinical examination, measurements of thyrotropin, thyroglobulin levels and thyroid imaging. At baseline, 216 subjects had thyroid nodules and 548 did not. Of those with nodules, 176 underwent surgery with 55 confirmed thyroid cancers. During the follow-up, 147 subjects developed thyroid nodules including 22 with thyroid cancer. Thyroglobulin levels were higher in subjects with prevalent thyroid nodules (26.1 ng/mL vs 9.37 ng/mL; P < 0.001) and in those who had an initial normal examination but later developed thyroid nodules (11.2 ng/mL vs 8.87 ng/mL; P = 0.017). There was no relationship between baseline thyrotropin levels and the prevalent presence or absence of thyroid nodules, whether a prevalent neoplasm was benign or malignant, subsequent development of thyroid nodules during follow-up or whether an incident nodule was benign or malignant. In conclusion, in radiation-exposed children, higher thyroglobulin levels indicated an increased risk of developing thyroid nodules but did not differentiate between benign and malignant neoplasms. There was no association between the baseline TSH level and the risk of developing thyroid nodules or cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dan V Mihailescu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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79
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He H, Li W, Liyanarachchi S, Wang Y, Yu L, Genutis LK, Maharry S, Phay JE, Shen R, Brock P, de la Chapelle A. The Role of NRG1 in the Predisposition to Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:1369-1379. [PMID: 29121253 PMCID: PMC6018707 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-01798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Context Previous genome-wide association studies have shown that single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2439302 in chromosome 8p12 is significantly associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) risk and dysregulated NRG1 expression. The underlying mechanisms remain to be discovered. Objective To evaluate the expression of NRG1 isoforms, candidate functional variants, and potential genes downstream of NRG1 in thyroid tissue. Methods Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was applied for gene expression analysis. SNaPshot assay, haplotype, and computer analyses were performed to evaluate candidate functional variants. Other functional assays [chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, luciferase assay, small interfering RNA knockdown, and RNA sequencing] were performed. Results Three NRG1 isoforms (NM_004495, NM_013958, and NM_001160008) tested were highly expressed in thyroid tissue. The expression levels of the three isoforms were significantly correlated with the genotypes of rs2439302. A DNA block of ~32 kb containing the risk G allele of rs2439302 was revealed, harboring multiple candidate functional variants. ChIP assay for active chromatin markers indicated at least nine regions in the DNA block showing strong H3Kme1 and H3K27Ac signals in thyroid tissue. Luciferase reporter assays revealed differential allelic activities associated with seven SNPs. Knocking down NRG1 in primary thyroid cells revealed downstream or interacting genes related to NRG1. Conclusions Our data suggest a role for transcriptional regulation of NRG1 in the predisposition to PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling He
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Yanqiang Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lianbo Yu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Luke K Genutis
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sophia Maharry
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - John E Phay
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rulong Shen
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Pamela Brock
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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80
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Santos LS, Silva SN, Gil OM, Ferreira TC, Limbert E, Rueff J. Mismatch repair single nucleotide polymorphisms and thyroid cancer susceptibility. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:6715-6726. [PMID: 29616133 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy and its incidence continues to rise worldwide. Ionizing radiation exposure is the best established etiological factor. Heritability is high; however, despite valuable contribution from recent genome-wide association studies, the current understanding of genetic susceptibility to TC remains limited. Several studies suggest that altered function or expression of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system may contribute to TC pathogenesis. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the potential role of a panel of MMR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the individual susceptibility to well-differentiated TC (DTC). A case-control study was performed involving 106 DTC patients and 212 age- and gender-matched controls, who were all Caucasian Portuguese. Six SNPs present in distinct MMR genes (MLH1 rs1799977, MSH3 rs26279, MSH4 rs5745325, PMS1 rs5742933, MLH3 rs175080 and MSH6 rs1042821) were genotyped through TaqMan® assays and genotype-associated risk estimates were calculated. An increased risk was observed in MSH6 rs1042821 variant homozygotes [adjusted odds ratio (OR)=3.42, 95% CI: 1.04-11.24, P=0.04, under the co-dominant model; adjusted OR=3.84, 95% CI: 1.18-12.44, P=0.03, under the recessive model]. The association was especially evident for the follicular histotype and female sex. The association was also apparent when MSH6 was analysed in combination with other MMR SNPs such as MSH3 rs26279. Interestingly, two other SNP combinations, both containing the MSH6 heterozygous genotype, were associated with a risk reduction, suggesting a protective effect for these genotype combinations. These data support the idea that MMR SNPs such as MSH6 rs1042821, alone or in combination, may contribute to DTC susceptibility. This is coherent with the limited evidence available. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to validate these findings and to establish the usefulness of these SNPs as genetic susceptibility biomarkers for DTC so that, in the near future, cancer prevention policies may be optimized under a personalized medicine perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís S Santos
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Health Sciences Institute (ICS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Susana N Silva
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Octávia M Gil
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.,Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technologies (CTN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Teresa C Ferreira
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Edward Limbert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa, 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Rueff
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
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81
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Murugan AK, Munirajan AK, Alzahrani AS. Long noncoding RNAs: emerging players in thyroid cancer pathogenesis. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:R59-R82. [PMID: 29146581 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer continues to be the most common malignancy of endocrine glands. The incidence of thyroid cancer has risen significantly over the past 4 decades and has emerged as a major health issue. In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of thyroid carcinogenesis, resulting in significant diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications; yet, it has not reached a satisfactory level. Identifying novel molecular therapeutic targets and molecules for diagnosis and prognosis is expected to advance the overall management of this common malignancy. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in the regulation of various key cellular genes involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration and invasion mainly through modulation of gene expression. Recent studies have established that lncRNAs are deregulated in thyroid cancer. In this review, we discuss extensively the tumor-suppressive (for example, LINC00271, MEG3, NAMA, PTCSC1/2/3, etc.) and oncogenic (for example, ANRIL, FAL1, H19, PVT1, etc.) roles of various lncRNAs and their possible disease associations implicated in thyroid carcinogenesis. We briefly summarize the strategies and mechanisms of lncRNA-targeting agents. We also describe the potential role of lncRNAs as prospective novel therapeutic targets, and diagnostic and prognostic markers in thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan
- Division of Molecular EndocrinologyDepartment of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arasambattu Kannan Munirajan
- Department of GeneticsDr ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, India
| | - Ali S Alzahrani
- Division of Molecular EndocrinologyDepartment of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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82
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Wang Y, He H, Liyanarachchi S, Genutis LK, Li W, Yu L, Phay JE, Shen R, Brock P, de la Chapelle A. The role of SMAD3 in the genetic predisposition to papillary thyroid carcinoma. Genet Med 2018; 20:927-935. [PMID: 29300379 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify and characterize the functional variants, regulatory gene networks, and potential binding targets of SMAD3 in the 15q22 thyroid cancer risk locus. METHODS We performed linkage disequilibrium (LD) and haplotype analyses to fine map the 15q22 locus. Luciferase reporter assays were applied to evaluate the regulatory effects of the candidate variants. Knockdown by small interfering RNA, microarray analysis, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays were performed to reveal the regulatory gene network and identify its binding targets. RESULTS We report a 25.6-kb haplotype within SMAD3 containing numerous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in high LD. SNPs rs17293632 and rs4562997 were identified as functional variants of SMAD3 by luciferase assays within the LD region. These variants regulate SMAD3 transcription in an allele-specific manner through enhancer elements in introns of SMAD3. Knockdown of SMAD3 in thyroid cancer cell lines revealed its regulatory gene network including two upregulated genes, SPRY4 and SPRY4-IT1. Sequence analysis and ChIP assays validated the actual binding of SMAD3 protein to multiple SMAD binding element sites in the region upstream of SPRY4. CONCLUSION Our data provide a functional annotation of the 15q22 thyroid cancer risk locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Wang
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Huiling He
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Luke K Genutis
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lianbo Yu
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Ohio, Columbus, USA
| | - John E Phay
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rulong Shen
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Pamela Brock
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Human Cancer Genetics Program and Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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83
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Yamashita S, Suzuki S, Suzuki S, Shimura H, Saenko V. Lessons from Fukushima: Latest Findings of Thyroid Cancer After the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident. Thyroid 2018; 28:11-22. [PMID: 28954584 PMCID: PMC5770131 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2017.0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The increase in risk for late-onset thyroid cancer due to radiation exposure is a potential health effect after a nuclear power plant accident mainly due to the release of radioiodine in fallout. The risk is particularly elevated in those exposed during infancy and adolescence. To estimate the possibility and extent of thyroid cancer occurrence after exposure, it is of utmost importance to collect and analyze epidemiological information providing the basis for evaluation of radiation risk, and to consider radiobiology and molecular genetics. In this regard, the dose-response of cancer risk, temporal changes in the rates of thyroid cancer, its histopathological types and subtypes, and frequency of underlying genetic abnormalities are important. At present, however, it is difficult or impossible to distinguish radiation-induced thyroid cancer from spontaneous/sporadic thyroid cancer because molecular radiation signatures, biomarkers of radiation exposure, or genetic factors specific to radiation-induced cancer have not yet been identified. The large-scale ultrasound screening in Fukushima Prefecture of Japan demonstrated a high detection rate of thyroid cancer in young individuals, revealing 116 and 71 cases in the first and second rounds, respectively, among the same cohort of approximately 300,000 subjects. These findings raised concerns among residents and the public that it might be due to putative exposure to radiation from the accident at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. This review summarizes evaluations by international organizations and reviews scientific publications by the authors and others on childhood thyroid cancer, especially those relevant to radiation, including basic studies on molecular mechanisms of thyroid carcinogenesis. Clinical details are also provided on surgical cases in Fukushima Prefecture, and the effect of thyroid ultrasound screening is discussed. Correct understanding of issues relating to radiation and the thyroid are essential for interpretation of thyroid cancer in Fukushima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Yamashita
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shinichi Suzuki
- Department of Thyroid and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Satoru Suzuki
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Vladimir Saenko
- Department of Radiation Molecular Epidemiology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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84
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Dos Santos ICC, Genre J, Marques D, da Silva AMG, Dos Santos JC, de Araújo JNG, Duarte VHR, Carracedo A, Torres-Español M, Bastos G, de Oliveira Ramos CC, Luchessi AD, Silbiger VN. A new panel of SNPs to assess thyroid carcinoma risk: a pilot study in a Brazilian admixture population. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:140. [PMID: 29178884 PMCID: PMC5702224 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid cancer is a common malignant disease of the endocrine system with increasing incidence rates over the last few decades. In this study, we sought to analyze the possible association of 45 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with thyroid cancer in a population from Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. METHODS Based on histological analysis by a pathologist, 80 normal thyroid specimens of tissue adjacent to thyroid tumors were obtained from the biobank at the Laboratory of Pathology of Liga Norte Riograndense Contra o Câncer, Natal, RN. Patient samples were then genotyped using the MassARRAY platform (Sequenon, Inc) followed by statistical analysis employing the SNPassoc package in R program. The genotypic frequencies of all 45 SNPs obtained from the International HapMap Project database and based on data from the ancestral populations of European and African origin were used to compose the control study group. RESULTS In our study, the following 9 SNPs showed significant differences in their frequency when comparing the study and control groups: rs3744962, rs258107, rs1461855, rs4075022, rs9943744, rs4075570, rs2356508, rs17485896, and rs2651339. Furthermore, the SNPs rs374492 C/T and rs258107 C/T were associated with a relative risk for thyroid carcinoma of 3.78 (p = 6.27 × 10e-5) and 2.91 (p = 8.27 × 10e-5), respectively, after Bonferroni's correction for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSIONS These nine polymorphisms could be potential biomarkers of predisposition to thyroid carcinoma in the population from Rio Grande do Norte. However, complementary studies including a control group with samples obtained from healthy subjects in Rio Grande do Norte state, should be conducted to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle C C Dos Santos
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Julieta Genre
- Health Sciences Posgraduation Programme, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Diego Marques
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Ananília M G da Silva
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Jéssica C Dos Santos
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Jéssica N G de Araújo
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Victor H R Duarte
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Angel Carracedo
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-CIBERER-Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica. Servicio Galego de Saúde, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Genotipado, PRB2- ISCIII. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Torres-Español
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-CIBERER-Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica. Servicio Galego de Saúde, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Genotipado, PRB2- ISCIII. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gisele Bastos
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of São Paulo University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - André D Luchessi
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Vivian N Silbiger
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias s/n, CEP 59012-570, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
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85
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Tesselaar MH, Smit JW, Nagarajah J, Netea-Maier RT, Plantinga TS. Pathological processes and therapeutic advances in radioiodide refractory thyroid cancer. J Mol Endocrinol 2017; 59:R141-R154. [PMID: 28931558 DOI: 10.1530/jme-17-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
While in most patients with non-medullary thyroid cancer (TC), disease remission is achieved by thyroidectomy and ablation of tumor remnants by radioactive iodide (RAI), a substantial subgroup of patients with metastatic disease present tumor lesions that have acquired RAI resistance as a result of dedifferentiation. Although oncogenic mutations in BRAF, TERT promoter and TP53 are associated with an increased propensity for induction of dedifferentiation, the role of genetic and epigenetic aberrations and their effects on important intracellular signaling pathways is not yet fully elucidated. Also immune, metabolic, stemness and microRNA pathways have emerged as important determinants of TC dedifferentiation and RAI resistance. These signaling pathways have major clinical implications since their targeting could inhibit TC progression and could enable redifferentiation to restore RAI sensitivity. In this review, we discuss the current insights into the pathological processes conferring dedifferentiation and RAI resistance in TC and elaborate on novel advances in diagnostics and therapy to improve the clinical outcome of RAI-refractory TC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika H Tesselaar
- Department of PathologyRadboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes W Smit
- Internal MedicineDivision of Endocrinology Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - James Nagarajah
- Radiology & Nuclear MedicineRadboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Romana T Netea-Maier
- Internal MedicineDivision of Endocrinology Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo S Plantinga
- Department of PathologyRadboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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86
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Son HY, Hwangbo Y, Yoo SK, Im SW, Yang SD, Kwak SJ, Park MS, Kwak SH, Cho SW, Ryu JS, Kim J, Jung YS, Kim TH, Kim SJ, Lee KE, Park DJ, Cho NH, Sung J, Seo JS, Lee EK, Park YJ, Kim JI. Genome-wide association and expression quantitative trait loci studies identify multiple susceptibility loci for thyroid cancer. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15966. [PMID: 28703219 PMCID: PMC5511346 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common cancer in Korea. Several susceptibility loci of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) were identified by previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in Europeans only. Here we conducted a GWAS and a replication study in Koreans using a total of 1,085 DTC cases and 8,884 controls, and validated these results using expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis and clinical phenotypes. The most robust associations were observed in the NRG1 gene (rs6996585, P=1.08 × 10-10) and this SNP was also associated with NRG1 expression in thyroid tissues. In addition, we confirmed three previously reported loci (FOXE1, NKX2-1 and DIRC3) and identified seven novel susceptibility loci (VAV3, PCNXL2, INSR, MRSB3, FHIT, SEPT11 and SLC24A6) associated with DTC. Furthermore, we identified specific variants of DTC that have different effects according to cancer type or ethnicity. Our findings provide deeper insight into the genetic contribution to thyroid cancer in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Young Son
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yul Hwangbo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Keun Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Wha Im
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - San Duk Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jung Kwak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seon Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in Genetic Counseling, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Soo Heon Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sun Ryu
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Molecular Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuh-Seog Jung
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-jin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Eun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Joon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Han Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohon Sung
- Department of Epidemiology and Institute of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sun Seo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Lee
- Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Il Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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87
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Park SL, Cheng I, Haiman CA. Genome-Wide Association Studies of Cancer in Diverse Populations. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017. [PMID: 28637795 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of cancer have identified more than 700 risk loci, of which approximately 80% were first discovered in European ancestry populations, approximately 15% in East Asians, 3% in multiethnic scans, and less than 1% in African and Latin American populations. These percentages closely mirror the distribution of samples included in the discovery phase of cancer GWAS to date (84% European, 11% East Asian, 4% African, and 1% Latin American ancestry). GWAS in non-European ancestry populations have provided insight into ancestry-specific variation in cancer and have pointed to regions of susceptibility that are of particular importance in certain populations. Uncovering and characterizing cancer risk loci in diverse populations is critical for understanding underlying biological mechanisms and developing future genetic risk prediction models in non-European ancestry populations. New GWAS and continued collaborations will be required to eliminate population inequalities in the number of studies, sample sizes, and variant content on GWAS arrays, and to better align genetic research in cancer to the global distribution of race/ethnicity Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(4); 405-17. ©2018 AACRSee all articles in this CEBP Focus section, "Genome-Wide Association Studies in Cancer."
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungshim L Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Iona Cheng
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Palo Alto, California
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
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88
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Villani A, Greer MLC, Kalish JM, Nakagawara A, Nathanson KL, Pajtler KW, Pfister SM, Walsh MF, Wasserman JD, Zelley K, Kratz CP. Recommendations for Cancer Surveillance in Individuals with RASopathies and Other Rare Genetic Conditions with Increased Cancer Risk. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:e83-e90. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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89
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Campo C, Köhler A, Figlioli G, Elisei R, Romei C, Cipollini M, Bambi F, Hemminki K, Gemignani F, Landi S, Försti A. Inherited variants in genes somatically mutated in thyroid cancer. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174995. [PMID: 28410400 PMCID: PMC5391920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumour suppressor genes when mutated in the germline cause various cancers, but they can also be somatically mutated in sporadic tumours. We hypothesized that there may also be cancer-related germline variants in the genes commonly mutated in sporadic well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC). Methods We performed a two-stage case-control association study with a total of 2214 cases and 2108 healthy controls from an Italian population. By genotyping 34 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we covered a total of 59 missense SNPs and SNPs located in the 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of 10 different genes. Results The Italian1 series showed a suggestive association for 8 SNPs, from which three were replicated in the Italian2 series. The meta-analysis revealed a study-wide significant association for rs459552 (OR: 0.84, 95%CI: 0.75–0.94) and rs1800900 (OR: 1.15, 95%CI: 1.05–1.27), located in the APC and GNAS genes, respectively. The APC rs459552 is a missense SNP, located in a conserved amino acid position, but without any functional consequences. The GNAS rs1800900 is located at a conserved 5'UTR and according to the experimental ENCODE data it may affect promoter and histone marks in different cell types. Conclusions The results of this study yield new insights on WDTC, showing that inherited variants in the APC and GNAS genes can play a role in the etiology of thyroid cancer. Further studies are necessary to better understand the role of the identified SNPs in the development of WDTC and to functionally validate our in silico predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Campo
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Aleksandra Köhler
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gisella Figlioli
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossella Elisei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Romei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Franco Bambi
- Blood Centre, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria A. Meyer, Firenze, Italy
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Clinical Research Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Stefano Landi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Asta Försti
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Clinical Research Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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90
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Huang H, Rusiecki J, Zhao N, Chen Y, Ma S, Yu H, Ward MH, Udelsman R, Zhang Y. Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, Thyroid Hormones, and Risk of Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Nested Case-Control Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 26:1209-1218. [PMID: 28377419 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The effects of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones on the development of human papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remain poorly understood.Methods: The study population consisted of 741 (341 women, 400 men) histologically confirmed PTC cases and 741 matched controls with prediagnostic serum samples stored in the Department of Defense Serum Repository. Concentrations of TSH, total T3, total T4, and free T4 were measured in serum samples. Conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: The median time between blood draw and PTC diagnosis was 1,454 days. Compared with the middle tertile of TSH levels within the normal range, serum TSH levels below the normal range were associated with an elevated risk of PTC among women (OR, 3.74; 95% CI, 1.53-9.19) but not men. TSH levels above the normal range were associated with an increased risk of PTC among men (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.04-3.66) but not women. The risk of PTC decreased with increasing TSH levels within the normal range among both men and women (Ptrend = 0.0005 and 0.041, respectively).Conclusions: We found a significantly increased risk of PTC associated with TSH levels below the normal range among women and with TSH levels above the normal range among men. An inverse association between PTC and TSH levels within the normal range was observed among both men and women.Impact: These results could have significant clinical implications for physicians who are managing patients with abnormal thyroid functions and those with thyroidectomy. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(8); 1209-18. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Huang
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jennifer Rusiecki
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine & Biostatistics, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nan Zhao
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yingtai Chen
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut.,Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangge Ma
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Herbert Yu
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut.,Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Hawaii
| | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Robert Udelsman
- Endocrine Neoplasia Institute, Miami Cancer Center, Miami, Florida
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut. .,Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
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91
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Nielsen TRH, Appel EVR, Svendstrup M, Ohrt JD, Dahl M, Fonvig CE, Hollensted M, Have CT, Kadarmideen HN, Pedersen O, Hansen T, Holm JC, Grarup N. A genome-wide association study of thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxine in Danish children and adolescents. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174204. [PMID: 28333968 PMCID: PMC5363901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypothyroidism is associated with obesity, and thyroid hormones are involved in the regulation of body composition, including fat mass. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in adults have identified 19 and 6 loci associated with plasma concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4), respectively. Objective This study aimed to identify and characterize genetic variants associated with circulating TSH and fT4 in Danish children and adolescents and to examine whether these variants associate with obesity. Methods Genome-wide association analyses of imputed genotype data with fasting plasma concentrations of TSH and fT4 from a population-based sample of Danish children, adolescents, and young adults, and a group of children, adolescents, and young adults with overweight and obesity were performed (N = 1,764, mean age = 12.0 years [range 2.5−24.7]). Replication was performed in additional comparable samples (N = 2,097, mean age = 11.8 years [1.2−22.8]). Meta-analyses, using linear additive fixed-effect models, were performed on the results of the discovery and replication analyses. Results No novel loci associated with TSH or fT4 were identified. Four loci previously associated with TSH in adults were confirmed in this study population (PDE10A (rs2983511: β = 0.112SD, p = 4.8 ∙ 10−16), FOXE1 (rs7847663: β = 0.223SD, p = 1.5 ∙ 10−20), NR3C2 (rs9968300: β = 0.194SD), p = 2.4 ∙ 10−11), VEGFA (rs2396083: β = 0.088SD, p = 2.2 ∙ 10−10)). Effect sizes of variants known to associate with TSH or fT4 in adults showed a similar direction of effect in our cohort of children and adolescents, 11 of which were associated with TSH or fT4 in our study (p<0.0002). None of the TSH or fT4 associated SNPs were associated with obesity in our cohort, indicating no pleiotropic effects of these variants on obesity. Conclusion In a group of Danish children and adolescents, four loci previously associated with plasma TSH concentrations in adults, were associated with plasma TSH concentrations in children, suggesting comparable genetic determinants of thyroid function in adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenna Ruest Haarmark Nielsen
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil Vincent Rosenbaum Appel
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mathilde Svendstrup
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Johanne Dam Ohrt
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
| | - Maria Dahl
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
| | - Cilius Esmann Fonvig
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Hollensted
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Theil Have
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Haja N. Kadarmideen
- Department of Large Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail: (TH); (JCH); (NG)
| | - Jens-Christian Holm
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail: (TH); (JCH); (NG)
| | - Niels Grarup
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail: (TH); (JCH); (NG)
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92
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Yang D, Yang J, Li S, Jiang M, Cao G, Yang L, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Li K, Tang ST. Effects of RET, NRG1 and NRG3 Polymorphisms in a Chinese Population with Hirschsprung Disease. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43222. [PMID: 28256518 PMCID: PMC5335705 DOI: 10.1038/srep43222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The RET proto-oncogene was identified as a major locus involved in Hirschsprung disease (HSCR). A genome-wide association study (GWAS) and whole exome sequencing identified NRG1 and NRG3 as additional HSCR susceptibility loci. We investigated the effects of RET (rs2506030 and rs2435357), NRG1 (rs2439302, rs16879552 and rs7835688) and NRG3 (rs10748842, rs10883866 and rs6584400) polymorphisms in a Chinese population with HSCR. We assessed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the RET, NRG1 and NRG3 genes in a cohort of 362 sporadic HSCR patients and 1,448 normal controls using a TaqMan genotyping assay. Significant associations were found between HSCR risk and rs2506030, rs2435357, rs2439302 and rs7835688 (odds ratio [OR] 1.64, P = 1.72E-06; 2.97, P = 5.15E-33; 1.84, P = 9.36E-11; and 1.93, P = 1.88E-12, respectively). Two locus analyses of SNPs indicated increased disease risks of HSCR between NRG1 rs2439302 and RET rs2435357 or rs2506030. RET rs2506030 (GG genotype) and rs2435357 (TT genotype), in combination with NRG1 rs2439302 (GG genotype), were strongly associated with the highest risk of HSCR (OR = 56.53, P = 4.50E-07) compared with the two loci or a single SNP of either RET or NRG1. Our results support the association between genetic variation of RET and NRG1 and susceptibility to HSCR in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430015, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Guoqing Cao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kang Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shao-Tao Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Abstract
Recent studies show that subtle variations in thyroid function, including subclinical thyroid dysfunction, and even variation in thyroid function within the normal range, are associated with morbidity and mortality. It is estimated that 40-65% of the inter-individual variation in serum TSH and FT4 levels is determined by genetic factors. To identify these factors, various linkage and candidate gene studies have been performed in the past, which have identified only a few genes. In the last decade, genome-wide association studies identified many new genes, while recent whole-genome sequencing efforts have also been proven to be effective. In the current review, we provide a systematic overview of these studies, including strengths and limitations. We discuss new techniques which will further clarify the genetic basis of thyroid function in the near future, as well as the potential use of these genetic markers in personalizing the management of thyroid disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Theo J Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Robin P Peeters
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Gudmundsson J, Thorleifsson G, Sigurdsson JK, Stefansdottir L, Jonasson JG, Gudjonsson SA, Gudbjartsson DF, Masson G, Johannsdottir H, Halldorsson GH, Stacey SN, Helgason H, Sulem P, Senter L, He H, Liyanarachchi S, Ringel MD, Aguillo E, Panadero A, Prats E, Garcia-Castaño A, De Juan A, Rivera F, Xu L, Kiemeney LA, Eyjolfsson GI, Sigurdardottir O, Olafsson I, Kristvinsson H, Netea-Maier RT, Jonsson T, Mayordomo JI, Plantinga TS, Hjartarson H, Hrafnkelsson J, Sturgis EM, Thorsteinsdottir U, Rafnar T, de la Chapelle A, Stefansson K. A genome-wide association study yields five novel thyroid cancer risk loci. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14517. [PMID: 28195142 PMCID: PMC5316879 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The great majority of thyroid cancers are of the non-medullary type. Here we report findings from a genome-wide association study of non-medullary thyroid cancer, including in total 3,001 patients and 287,550 controls from five study groups of European descent. Our results yield five novel loci (all with Pcombined<3 × 10-8): 1q42.2 (rs12129938 in PCNXL2), 3q26.2 (rs6793295 a missense mutation in LRCC34 near TERC), 5q22.1 (rs73227498 between NREP and EPB41L4A), 10q24.33 (rs7902587 near OBFC1), and two independently associated variants at 15q22.33 (rs2289261 and rs56062135; both in SMAD3). We also confirm recently published association results from a Chinese study of a variant on 5p15.33 (rs2736100 near the TERT gene) and present a stronger association result for a moderately correlated variant (rs10069690; OR=1.20, P=3.2 × 10-7) based on our study of individuals of European ancestry. In combination, these results raise several opportunities for future studies of the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jon G. Jonasson
- Landspitali-University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- The Icelandic Cancer Registry, 105 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hannes Helgason
- deCODE genetics/AMGEN, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Leigha Senter
- Division of Human Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Huiling He
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Matthew D. Ringel
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Esperanza Aguillo
- Division of Endocrinology, University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Angeles Panadero
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ciudad de Coria Hospital, 10800 Coria, Spain
| | - Enrique Prats
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Almudena Garcia-Castaño
- Division of Medical Oncology, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Ana De Juan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Fernando Rivera
- Division of Medical Oncology, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Head & Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Lambertus A. Kiemeney
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Olof Sigurdardottir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Akureyri Hospital, 600 Akureyri, Iceland
| | | | | | - Romana T. Netea-Maier
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thorvaldur Jonsson
- Landspitali-University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Theo S. Plantinga
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Erich M. Sturgis
- Department of Head & Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics/AMGEN, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/AMGEN, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
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95
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MYH9 binds to lncRNA gene PTCSC2 and regulates FOXE1 in the 9q22 thyroid cancer risk locus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:474-479. [PMID: 28049826 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1619917114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A locus on chromosome 9q22 harbors a SNP (rs965513) firmly associated with risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The locus also comprises the forkhead box E1 (FOXE1) gene, which is implicated in thyroid development, and a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) gene, papillary thyroid cancer susceptibility candidate 2 (PTCSC2). How these might interact is not known. Here we report that PTCSC2 binds myosin-9 (MYH9). In a bidirectional promoter shared by FOXE1 and PTCSC2, MYH9 inhibits the promoter activity in both directions. This inhibition can be reversed by PTCSC2, which acts as a suppressor. RNA knockdown of FOXE1 in primary thyroid cells profoundly interferes with the p53 pathway. We propose that the interaction between the lncRNA, its binding protein MYH9, and the coding gene FOXE1 underlies the predisposition to PTC triggered by rs965513.
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96
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Nie X, Yuan F, Chen P, Pu Y, Zhu J, Wang Y, Xiao X, Che G, Gao L, Zhang L. Association between IL-27 gene polymorphisms and risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Biomark Med 2016; 11:141-149. [PMID: 27929666 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM IL-27 has potent antitumor effects. We aimed to examine the contribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms in IL-27 to the risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). MATERIALS & METHODS IL-27 rs153109 and rs17855750 were analyzed in 496 PTC patients and 629 controls, using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. RESULTS The rs153109 AG and AG/GG genotypes were significantly associated with increased risks for PTC. Significantly increased PTC risk was also associated with rs17855750 GT and GT/GG genotypes. Combined genotypes of rs153109 AG/GG and rs17855750 GT/GG increased the risk of PTC (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION These findings showed that IL-27 rs153109 and rs17855750 might be related to the tumorigenesis of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Nie
- Department of Immunology, West China School of Preclinical & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Immunology, West China School of Preclinical & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Forensic Biology, West China School of Preclinical & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Yan Pu
- Department of Forensic Biology, West China School of Preclinical & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Jingqiang Zhu
- Department of Thyroid & Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Thyroid & Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Guanglu Che
- Department of Immunology, West China School of Preclinical & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Linbo Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular & Translational Medicine, West China Institute of Women & Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects & Related Diseases of Women & Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, West China School of Preclinical & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.,Laboratory of Molecular & Translational Medicine, West China Institute of Women & Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects & Related Diseases of Women & Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
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97
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Shen Z, Ren W, Bai Y, Chen Z, Li J, Li B, Jin T, Cao P, Shao Y. DIRC3 and near NABP1 genetic polymorphisms are associated laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patient survival. Oncotarget 2016; 7:79596-79604. [PMID: 27793000 PMCID: PMC5346738 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most common and aggressive malignancies of the upper digestive tract. The present study is a retrospective analysis of data from a prospective longitudinal study. A total of 170 male LSCC patients (average age, 60.75±10.082) at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine were recruited between January 2002 and April 2013 for this study. We assessed correlations between patient characteristics and survival, and sequenced genomic DNA from patient peripheral blood samples. We found that the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs11903757, with closest proximity to NABP1 and SDPR, and rs966423 in DIRC3, were associated with survival in LSCC patients. Median follow-up was 38 months (range 3-122) and median survival time was 48 months. LSCC patients with total laryngectomy, poor differentiation, T3-T4 stage, N1-N2 stage or III-IV TNM stage had reduced survival. This is the first study to demonstrate that the rs11903757 GT (HR=2.036; 95% CI, 1.071-3.872; p=0.030) and rs966423 TT (HR=11.677; 95% CI, 3.901-34.950; p=0.000) genotypes predict poor patient outcome. These polymorphisms may serve as useful clinical markers to predict patient survival, and to guide individual patient therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology & head neck, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Wanli Ren
- Department of Otolaryngology & head neck, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Yanxia Bai
- Department of Otolaryngology & head neck, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Zhengshuai Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jingjie Li
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Peilong Cao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Yuan Shao
- Department of Otolaryngology & head neck, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
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98
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Chaker L, Korevaar TIM, Medici M, Uitterlinden AG, Hofman A, Dehghan A, Franco OH, Peeters RP. Thyroid Function Characteristics and Determinants: The Rotterdam Study. Thyroid 2016; 26:1195-204. [PMID: 27484151 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2016.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information on determinants and change of thyroid function over time is sparse and conflicting but crucial for clinical interpretation and research. Therefore, our aim was to systematically investigate determinants of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4) (as markers of thyroid function), their mutual relation (as marker of thyroid function set point) and changes in thyroid function over time. METHODS We included 9402 participants from the Rotterdam Study not taking thyroid medication and with available thyroid function measurements. Repeated measurements (6.5-year interval) were available for 1225 participants. The association of selected determinants with TSH, FT4, and their mutual relation (reflecting thyroid function set point) was estimated using linear regression models using restricted cubic splines with three knots. The factors investigated were age, sex, body mass index (BMI), tobacco smoking, alcohol use, thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAb), and common genetic factors. RESULTS Most influential determinants of TSH were age, smoking, genetic determinants, and TPOAb levels (p < 0.001). For FT4, most influential determinants were age, BMI, sex, genetic determinants and TPOAb levels (p < 0.001). Older age, female sex, and increased TPOAb levels were associated with a stronger relation between TSH and FT4. TSH levels did not change over time, irrespective of age. FT4 levels increased over time, most prominently in those older than 65 years of age (mean increase of 4.5 pmol/L). CONCLUSIONS The main factors that influence the relationship between thyroid hormone and molar concentrations of TSH in our population-based cohort study are age, smoking, BMI, TPOAb levels, and common genetic variants. The set point that determines TSH secretion as it relates to negative thyroid hormone feedback is modified by age, sex and TPOAb positivity. FT4 levels increase over time, with a more pronounced increase in the elderly, while TSH values seem stable over time. Our results question the current notion of an increase of TSH with increasing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layal Chaker
- 1 Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- 3 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tim I M Korevaar
- 1 Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- 3 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Medici
- 1 Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- 3 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- 3 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- 4 Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- 3 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- 3 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robin P Peeters
- 1 Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- 3 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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99
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Yamashita S, Takamura N, Ohtsuru A, Suzuki S. Radiation Exposure and Thyroid Cancer Risk After the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident in Comparison with the Chernobyl Accident. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2016; 171:41-46. [PMID: 27473699 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncw189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The actual implementation of the epidemiological study on human health risk from low dose and low-dose rate radiation exposure and the comprehensive long-term radiation health effects survey are important especially after radiological and nuclear accidents because of public fear and concern about the long-term health effects of low-dose radiation exposure have increased considerably. Since the Great East Japan earthquake and the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in Japan, Fukushima Prefecture has started the Fukushima Health Management Survey Project for the purpose of long-term health care administration and medical early diagnosis/treatment for the prefectural residents. Especially on a basis of the lessons learned from the Chernobyl accident, both thyroid examination and mental health care are critically important irrespective of the level of radiation exposure. There are considerable differences between Chernobyl and Fukushima regarding radiation dose to the public, and it is very difficult to estimate retrospectively internal exposure dose from the short-lived radioactive iodines. Therefore, the necessity of thyroid ultrasound examination in Fukushima and the intermediate results of this survey targeting children will be reviewed and discussed in order to avoid any misunderstanding or misinterpretation of the high detection rate of childhood thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yamashita
- Department of Radiation Medical Sciences, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 8528523, Japan Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 8528523, Japan
| | - N Takamura
- Department of Global Health Medicine and Welfare, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 8528523, Japan
| | - A Ohtsuru
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 8528523, Japan Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 8528523, Japan
| | - S Suzuki
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 8528523, Japan Department of Thyroidology and Endocrinology, Fukushima Medical University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 8528523, Japan
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100
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Jendrzejewski J, Liyanarachchi S, Nagy R, Senter L, Wakely PE, Thomas A, Nabhan F, He H, Li W, Sworczak K, Ringel MD, Kirschner LS, de la Chapelle A. Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Association Between Germline DNA Variant Markers and Clinical Parameters. Thyroid 2016; 26:1276-84. [PMID: 27342578 PMCID: PMC5036310 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2015.0665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is reported to be highly heritable in epidemiological studies. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered several variants associated with PTC predisposition. It remains unknown whether these variants might contribute to better clinical stratification of PTC patients. METHODS In order to assess the usefulness of germline genetic analyses in the management of PTC patients, the genotypes of five variants (rs965513, rs944289, rs116909374, rs2439302, and rs966423) were determined in 1216 PTC patients and 1416 controls. Additionally, the expression of seven genes located close to GWAS variants (PTCSC3, MBIP, NKX2-1, FOXE1, DIRC3, PTCSC2, and NRG1) were measured in 73 PTC paired tumor/normal tissues, respectively. Next, the association was analyzed between the genotypes of the germline variants and the levels of gene expression with clinical/pathological features such as age, sex, TNM staging, multifocality status, extrathyroidal expansion, and MACIS score. RESULTS The risk allele of rs965513 was associated with larger tumor size (p = 0.025) and extrathyroidal expansion (odd ratio [OR] = 1.29, p = 0.045). The variant rs2439302 showed association with lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.24, p = 0.016), and multifocality status of the tumor (OR = 1.24, p = 0.012). The expression of MBIP was associated with T stage (p = 0.010). MBIP and PTCSC3 displayed lower expression in PTC tissue in males than in females (p = 0.025 and p = 0.036, respectively). NKX2-1 displayed lower expression in patients with N1 stage (p = 0.040). CONCLUSIONS The studied germline risk alleles predisposing to PTC were associated with a more aggressive course of the disease reflected by larger tumor diameter, higher multifocality rate, and more advanced N stage at the time of diagnosis. These results show that germline variants not only predispose to PTC but also might impact its clinical course. However, these associations were only moderate, and further large multi-ethnic studies are required to evaluate the usefulness of these germline variants in the clinical stratification of PTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw Jendrzejewski
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rebecca Nagy
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Leigha Senter
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Paul E. Wakely
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Andrew Thomas
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Fadi Nabhan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Huiling He
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Wei Li
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Krzysztof Sworczak
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Matthew D. Ringel
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lawrence S. Kirschner
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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