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Shahgheibi S, Mardani R, Babaei E, Mardani P, Rezaie M, Farhadifar F, Roshani D, Naqshbandi M, Jalili A. Platelet Indices and CXCL12 Levels in Patients with Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Int J Womens Health 2020; 12:307-312. [PMID: 32368159 PMCID: PMC7183349 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s233860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a multifactorial condition, and the precise mechanism is still unknown. In the current study, we aimed to determine the relationship between the platelet (PLT) indices and CXC12 levels in patients with IUGR. Patients and Materials In this study, 36 patients with IUGR and 36 healthy pregnant mothers were enrolled as the case and control groups, respectively. Gestational age for both groups was between 24 and 40 years. Blood samples were taken, and platelet indices were examined by a full-diff cell counter. Serum levels of CXCL12 were measured by ELISA, and the data were analyzed using an independent Student's t-test. Results In this study, we observed that the mean value of PLT count (154.3 ± 50 vs 236 ± 36) and plateletcrit (0.124 ± 0.038 vs 0.178 ± 0.021) were significantly lower in the case than the control group. In contrast, the mean platelet volume (7.94 ± 0.55 vs 7.62 ± 0.53) and platelet distribution width (17.57 ± 0.7 vs 16.96 ± 0.59) were significantly higher in the case than the control group. More importantly, we found that the serum levels of CXCL12 were significantly higher (5.3 ng/mL± 3.1 vs 2.8 ± 1.6) in the patients compared to the pregnancy controls. Conclusion Our data show that platelet indices are changed in IUGR, and the levels of circulating CXCL12 are increased in patients with IUGR. These findings provide a base for further studies to better defining the pathophysiology of IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shole Shahgheibi
- Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Roya Mardani
- Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Erfan Babaei
- Cancer & Immunology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Parastoo Mardani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Payame Noor University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Masomeh Rezaie
- Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Fariba Farhadifar
- Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Daem Roshani
- Cancer & Immunology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mobin Naqshbandi
- Cancer & Immunology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Ali Jalili
- Cancer & Immunology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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Martell Claros N, Asenjo de la Fuente JE, Abad Cardiel M, García Donaire JA, Herráiz MA. [Role of the renin-angiotensin system in pregnancy and preeclampsia]. HIPERTENSION Y RIESGO VASCULAR 2020; 37:72-77. [PMID: 32147515 DOI: 10.1016/j.hipert.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (ARS) is a hormonal cascade that regulates blood pressure, electrolytes and water balance. AngiotensinII (AII) exerts its effects through the AT1 and AT2 receptors. AT1 is found in the syncytiotrophoblast, AT2 predominates during foetal development and its stimulation inhibits cell growth, increases apoptosis, causes vasodilation and regulates the development of foetal tissue. There is also an SRA in the placenta. The local generation of AII is responsible for the activation of AT1 receptors in the trophoblast. In normal pregnancy, concomitantly with reduction of blood pressure the circulating RAS increases, but blood pressure does not rise due to AII refractoriness, which does not occur in preeclampsia. We review the role of the SRA in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Martell Claros
- Unidad de Hipertensión y Riesgo Vascular, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, España; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, España.
| | - J E Asenjo de la Fuente
- Unidad de Ecografía y Diagnóstico Prenatal, Instituto de Salud de la Mujer JBLL, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España
| | - M Abad Cardiel
- Unidad de Hipertensión y Riesgo Vascular, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, España; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, España
| | - J A García Donaire
- Unidad de Hipertensión y Riesgo Vascular, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, España
| | - M A Herráiz
- Instituto de Salud de la Mujer JBLL, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España
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Equine hydrallantois is associated with impaired angiogenesis in the placenta. Placenta 2020; 93:101-112. [PMID: 32250734 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hydrallantois is the excessive accumulation of fluid in the allantoic cavities during the last trimester of pregnancy, leading to abdominal wall hernias, cardiovascular shock, abortion, and dystocia. It has been postulated that hydrallantois is associated with structural and/or functional changes in the chorioallantoic membrane. In the present study, we hypothesized that angiogenesis is impaired in the hydrallantoic placenta. METHOD Capillary density in the hydrallantoic placenta was evaluated in the chorioallantois via immunohistochemistry for Von Willebrand Factor. Moreover, the expression of angiogenic genes was compared between equine hydrallantois and age-matched, normal placentas. RESULTS In the hydrallantoic samples, edema was the main pathological finding. The capillary density was significantly lower in the hydrallantoic samples than in normal placentas. The reduction in the number of vessels was associated with abnormal expression of a subset of angiogenic and hypoxia-associated genes including VEGF, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, ANGPT1, eNOS and HIF1A. We believe that the capillary density and the abnormal expression of angiogenic genes leads to tissue hypoxia (high expression of HIF1A) and edema. Finally, we identified a lower expression of genes associated with steroidogenic enzyme (CYP19A1) and estrogen receptor signaling (ESR2) in the hydrallantoic placenta. DISCUSSION Based on the presented data, we believe that formation of edema is due to disrupted vascular development (low number of capillaries) and hypoxia in the hydrallantoic placenta. The edema leads to further hypoxia and consequently, causes an increase in vessel permeability which leads to a gradual increase in interstitial fluid accumulation, resulting in an insufficient transplacental exchange rate and accumulation of fluid in the allantoic cavity.
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Yang W, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Zhang T, Liu Q, Wang C, Swisher G, Wu N, Chao C, Prasadan K, Gittes GK, Xiao X. Placental growth factor in beta cells plays an essential role in gestational beta-cell growth. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e000921. [PMID: 32144129 PMCID: PMC7059504 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pancreatic beta cells proliferate in response to metabolic requirements during pregnancy, while failure of this response may cause gestational diabetes. A member of the vascular endothelial growth factor family, placental growth factor (PlGF), typically plays a role in metabolic disorder and pathological circumstance. The expression and function of PlGF in the endocrine pancreas have not been reported and are addressed in the current study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS PlGF levels in beta cells were determined by immunostaining or ELISA in purified beta cells in non-pregnant and pregnant adult mice. An adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 8 carrying a shRNA for PlGF under the control of a rat insulin promoter (AAV-rat insulin promoter (RIP)-short hairpin small interfering RNA for PlGF (shPlGF)) was prepared and infused into mouse pancreas through the pancreatic duct to specifically knock down PlGF in beta cells, and its effects on beta-cell growth were determined by beta-cell proliferation, beta-cell mass and insulin release. A macrophage-depleting reagent, clodronate, was coapplied into AAV-treated mice to study crosstalk between beta cells and macrophages. RESULTS PlGF is exclusively produced by beta cells in the adult mouse pancreas. Moreover, PlGF expression in beta cells was significantly increased during pregnancy. Intraductal infusion of AAV-RIP-shPlGF specifically knocked down PlGF in beta cells, resulting in compromised beta-cell proliferation, reduced growth in beta-cell mass and impaired glucose tolerance during pregnancy. Mechanistically, PlGF depletion in beta cells reduced islet infiltration of trophic macrophages, which appeared to be essential for gestational beta-cell growth. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that increased expression of PlGF in beta cells may trigger gestational beta-cell growth through recruited macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixia Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yinan Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Qun Liu
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chaoban Wang
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Grant Swisher
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nannan Wu
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chelsea Chao
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Krishna Prasadan
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - George K Gittes
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiangwei Xiao
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Huang J, Zheng L, Kong H, Wang F, Su Y, Xin H. miR-139-5p promotes the proliferation and invasion of trophoblast cells by targeting sFlt-1 in preeclampsia. Placenta 2020; 92:37-43. [PMID: 32056785 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biological functions of placental trophoblast cells have been reported to be critical in preeclampsia (PE) and its complications. Here, we aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of soluble fms-like tyrsine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and miR-139-5p in severe preeclampsia (sPE) by culturing the trophoblast cells from patients. METHODS ELISA and qRT-PCR were used to measure the expression of sFlt-1 and miR-139-5p. The direct interaction between sFlt-1 and miR-139-5p was determined by luciferase reporter assay. Cell proliferation and invasion were evaluated by CCK-8 analysis and transwell assay. RESULTS Our results showed that miR-139-5p was downregulated in sPE patients and was negatively correlated with the expression of sFlt-1. Further, sFlt-1 was a direct target of miR-139-5p, which monitored the expression of sFlt-1. Besides, miR-139-5p promoted the proliferation and invasion of trophoblast cells derived from sPE patients. Overexpression of sFlt-1 attenuated the effects of miR-139-5p on cell proliferation and invasion of trophoblast cells from sPE patients. CONCLUSION Our research proposes a novel mechanism where the role of miR-139-5p is dependent on sFlt-1. Our data demonstrated that miR-139-5p promoted the proliferation and invasion of trophoblast cells by directly targeting sFlt-1 in PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Lili Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Hongfang Kong
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Hong Xin
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
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Chau K, Xu B, Hennessy A, Makris A. Effect of Placental Growth Factor on Trophoblast-Endothelial Cell Interactions In Vitro. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:1285-1292. [PMID: 32016802 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Placental growth factor (PlGF) is an important angiogenic factor which has an emerging role in the clinical management of suspected preeclampsia. The role of PlGF in normal placental development is not completely understood and it is uncertain whether PlGF influences trophoblast and endothelial cell interactions central to uterine spiral artery remodelling, especially in variable oxygen conditions. A two-cell model of endovascular invasion was used. Tissue culture plates were coated with Matrigel™, on which fluorescent-labelled uterine microvascular endothelial cells (1 × 105/well) and HTR8/SVNeo cells were co-cultured (1 × 105/well) for 20 h. Co-cultures were treated with recombinant human PlGF (rhPlGF) (10 or 100 ng/mL) and incubated at either 21% O2 or 2% O2. Images were captured by fluorescence microscopy and analysed using ImageJ (n = 7). Data was analysed using SPSSv24. Treatment with rhPlGF did not improve integration in co-cultures irrespective of oxygen conditions but increased proliferation in 2% O2 of both trophoblast and endothelial cells. Expression of angiogenic factors VEGF, sFLT-1, PlGF and CXCL12 in both co-cultures and in isolated trophoblast cells was not altered by rhPlGF treatment. Expression of TLR-3 mRNA in co-cultures was increased by rhPlGF 100 ng/mL at 21% O2 (p = 0.03). PlGF contributes to trophoblast and endothelial cell proliferation in the setting of physiological hypoxia but does not influence trophoblast and endothelial cell interactions in an in vitro model of spiral artery remodelling. Upregulation of TLR-3 expression in co-cultures may indicate a role for PlGF in the placental inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chau
- Vascular Immunology Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia. .,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia. .,Regional Dialysis Centre, Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, Australia.
| | - B Xu
- Vascular Immunology Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Hennessy
- Vascular Immunology Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Makris
- Vascular Immunology Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.,Renal Department, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, Australia
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Oxidative stress in pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 681:108255. [PMID: 31904364 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a multisystemic disorder of pregnancy that causes perinatal morbidity and mortality. Studies published in the last decade have contributed to a better understanding of physiopathogenesis through key mechanisms involved, such as altered immune response, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and systemic inflammatory response, as well as genetic susceptibility. Oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in the development of preeclampsia, since it alters placental remodeling and placental vascular endothelial dysfunction, resulting in an ischemia/reperfusion injury with an increase in xanthine oxidase activity that produces high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS can be generated through many pathways within cells, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and enzymes such as NADPH oxidase are the most important sources, causing widespread and indiscriminate damage to cells and tissues, which leads to an intravascular inflammatory response and maternal systemic endothelial dysfunction characteristic of this prenatal syndrome. Therefore, the following review aims to identify the main risk factors and the role of OS as a pathophysiological mechanism in the development of preeclampsia.
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Lei D, Deng N, Wang S, Huang J, Fan C. Upregulated ARRDC3 limits trophoblast cell invasion and tube formation and is associated with preeclampsia. Placenta 2019; 89:10-19. [PMID: 31665660 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the arrestin ARRDC3 was upregulated in placental tissue from patients with preeclampsia (PE). The study aimed to confirm the finding by examining placenta samples from women with and without early-onset PE and to investigate ARRDC3 roles in trophoblast function. METHODS ARRDC3 expression level and localization in placental tissue were determined by Western blot, real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. An in vitro hypoxia and an in vitro ischemia (hypoxia/reoxygenation) cell models were used to determine the hypoxic and ischemic effects on ARRDC3 expression in extravillous trophoblast-derived HTR/8SVneo cells and trophoblast cell activity. The role of ARRDC3 in HTR8/SVneo cell proliferation, invasion and tube formation in vitro was investigated by testing the effects of ARRDC3 gene overexpression or siRNA-based gene silencing. RESULTS ARRDC3 expression was significantly elevated in placental tissue from women with early-onset PE compared to preterm birth pregnancies. ARRDC3 protein was localized in human placental trophoblasts. Hypoxia and ischemia both enhanced ARRDC3 protein expression in HTR8/SVneo cells. Hypoxia altered trophoblast cell activities. Overexpression of ARRDC3 in HTR8/SVneo cells suppressed cell invasion and tube formation. ARRDC3 gene silencing, by contrast, promoted invasion and tube formation under hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSION ARRDC3 was highly expressed in placental tissues of PE patients and directly affected biological activities of trophoblasts under hypoxic conditions. In regulation of ARRDC3- protein expression, ischemia (hypoxia/reoxygenation) are also important. These findings suggest that ARRDC3 may play a clinically significant role in the pathogenesis of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Lei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei, PR China
| | - Na Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei, PR China
| | - Suqing Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jinfa Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei, PR China
| | - Cuifang Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei, PR China.
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Dunn L, Sherrell H, Bligh L, Alsolai A, Flatley C, Kumar S. Reference centiles for maternal placental growth factor levels at term from a low-risk population. Placenta 2019; 86:15-19. [PMID: 31494398 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Placental growth factor (PLGF) is a biomarker of placental function. The aim of this study was to define reference ranges for maternal PLGF levels in a normotensive cohort ≥36 + 0 weeks. METHOD Prospective observational data from Mater Mothers' Hospital, Brisbane. PLGF levels were measured in women at ≥36 + 0 weeks with singleton, non-anomalous pregnancies. Women with hypertension and fetal growth restriction were excluded. PLGF (pg/mL) was assayed using DELFIA® Xpress (PerkinElmer Inc). The Generalised Additive Model for Location, Shape and Scale (GAMLSS) method was used for the calculation of gestational age-adjusted centiles. Data analysis was performed with Stata 13 (StataCorp, LLC) and R software (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). In all women, PLGF was measured within 2 weeks of delivery. RESULTS The study cohort comprised of 845 women (36 weeks n = 73, 37 weeks n = 230, 38 weeks n = 214, 39 weeks n = 172, 40 weeks n = 115, 41weeks n = 41). PLGF levels were negatively correlated with gestational age (r = -0.20, p < 0.001). Median PLGF levels dropped significantly from 36 weeks to 41 weeks (169.0 pg/mL to 96.6 pg/mL, p < 0.001). Gestational age specific maternal PLGF centiles were reported using fractional polynomial additive term and Box-Cox t distribution. PLGF did not perform adequately as a predictive test for adverse perinatal outcomes (AUC <0.6). DISCUSSION We have created gestational centile reference ranges for maternal PLGF from a normotensive cohort. These novel data suggest maternal PLGF levels decline ≥36 + 0 weeks. The utility of PLGF as a predictor of adverse perinatal outcomes at term, should be further investigated with clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Dunn
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Level 3, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia
| | - Helen Sherrell
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Level 3, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia
| | - Larissa Bligh
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Level 3, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia
| | - Amal Alsolai
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Level 3, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia
| | - Christopher Flatley
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Level 3, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia
| | - Sailesh Kumar
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Level 3, Aubigny Place, Raymond Terrace, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia.
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Schölch S, Bogner A, Bork U, Rahbari M, Győrffy B, Schneider M, Reissfelder C, Weitz J, Rahbari NN. Serum PlGF and EGF are independent prognostic markers in non-metastatic colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10921. [PMID: 31358848 PMCID: PMC6662856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47429-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of circulating angiogenic cytokines in non-metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Preoperative serum samples of a training (TC) (n = 219) and a validation cohort (VC) (n = 168) were analyzed via ELISA to determine PlGF, EGF, VEGF, Ang1, PDGF-A, PDGF-B, IL-8 and bFGF levels. In addition, survival was correlated with PlGF and EGF expression measured by microarray and RNAseq in two publicly available, independent cohorts (n = 550 and n = 463, respectively). Prognostic values for overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were determined using uni- and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses. Elevated PlGF is predictive for impaired OS (TC: HR 1.056; p = 0.046; VC: HR 1.093; p = 0.001) and DFS (TC: HR 1.052; p = 0.029; VC: HR 1.091; p = 0.009). Conversely, elevated EGF is associated with favorable DFS (TC: HR 0.998; p = 0.045; VC: HR 0.998; p = 0.018) but not OS (TC: p = 0.201; VC: p = 0.453). None of the other angiogenic cytokines correlated with prognosis. The prognostic value of PlGF (OS + DFS) and EGF (DFS) was confirmed in both independent retrospective cohorts. Serum PlGF and EGF may serve as prognostic markers in non-metastatic CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schölch
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. .,Department of Gastrointestinal, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany. .,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Bogner
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrich Bork
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mohammad Rahbari
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2., H-1117, Budapest, Hungary.,Semmelweis University, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Bókay u. 53-54., H-1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Martin Schneider
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of General, Gastrointestinal and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Reissfelder
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Gastrointestinal, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Weitz
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nuh N Rahbari
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Gastrointestinal, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Li XC, Yin XJ, Hong W, Liu J, Jin F, Wang BY, Wang YM, Tian FJ. The orphan nuclear receptor NUR77 promotes trophoblast invasion at early pregnancy through paracrine placental growth factor. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:1359-1373. [PMID: 31312859 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01819-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
NR4A1 (NUR77) is an orphan nuclear receptor that has been implicated in both cell survival and apoptosis. However, the role of NUR77 in trophoblast function during early placenta development has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we showed that NUR77 expression was significantly lower in the villi of the recurrent miscarriage (RM) group compared to that in the healthy controls (HCs) group. We used immunohistochemistry and found that NUR77 was highly expressed in human placental villi during early pregnancy, especially in syncytiotrophoblast (STB), and was expressed at a much lower level in STB from the RM group than in those from HC group. Western blotting data further confirmed that NUR77 was highly expressed in primary human term placental STB and the FSK-induced BeWo cell line. Moreover, antibody array screening and ELISA revealed that NUR77 promoted significant placental growth factor (PGF) expression during trophoblast fusion. Ectopic overexpression and knockdown experiments demonstrated that PGF was a novel downstream target of NUR77, and serum PGF expression correlated positively with trophoblast NUR77 mRNA levels in HCs and RM patients. Importantly, bioinformatics analysis identified two NUR77 binding sites in the PGF promoter region, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) coupled with Western blotting analysis further verified that NUR77 bound directly to the PGF promoter region and promoted PGF expression. Furthermore, in a BeWo/HTR-8 co-culture system, FSK-induced BeWo-secreted PGF promoted HTR-8 cell migration and invasion, and an anti-PGF antibody reversed this effect. Collectively, these results indicated that NUR77 may play a key role in regulating trophoblast invasion at early pregnancy. KEY MESSAGES: NUR77 expression was significantly decreased in the syncytiotrophoblast of the recurrent miscarriage group compared to that in the healthy control group. NUR77 promoted PGF expression during trophoblast fusion. ChIP and western blotting experiments verified that NUR77 bound directly to the PGF promoter region and activated PGF expression in trophoblast. Trophoblast-derived PGF promoted HTR-8 cell migration and invasion in a cell co-culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Cui Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Jie Yin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Hong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Reproductive Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei-Ying Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Mei Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, TongJi University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Ju Tian
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China.
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Nicotine protects fetus against LPS-induced fetal growth restriction through ameliorating placental inflammation and vascular development in late pregnancy in rats. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190386. [PMID: 31209145 PMCID: PMC6603276 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous work has shown that nicotine suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced placental inflammation by inhibiting cytokine release as well as infiltration of leukocytes into the placenta through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Nicotine also increased fetal survival and restored pup weight. In the present study, we aim to further investigate if fetal growth restriction (FGR) occurs with LPS treatment, and evaluate the protective effects of nicotine on fetuses in late gestation of rats. Pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into control group, nicotine group, LPS group and LPS + nicotine group. Rats were first pretreated with nicotine or vehicle by subcutaneous injection on gestation day (GD)14 and GD15, followed by LPS or vehicle intraperitoneal injection on GD16, and were killed on GD18. Loss of fetuses, number and weights of live fetuses and weights of placentas were recorded. Placentas were collected to evaluate placental pathology and determine inflammatory cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels. We found that LPS treatment increased levels of placental inflammatory cytokines and placental pathological damage, decreased levels of VEGF, reduced number of live fetuses and induced FGR. Pretreatment with nicotine reversed LPS-induced high levels of placental inflammatory cytokines, low levels of placental VEGF and placental pathological damage, then rescued the number and weights of live fetuses. These data demonstrated that activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway by nicotine protected fetus against LPS-induced FGR through ameliorating placental inflammation and vascular development in late pregnancy in rats. It may be an alternative therapeutic strategy for inflammation- induced FGR in late pregnancy.
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Hoch D, Gauster M, Hauguel-de Mouzon S, Desoye G. Diabesity-associated oxidative and inflammatory stress signalling in the early human placenta. Mol Aspects Med 2019; 66:21-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Haram K, Mortensen JH, Myking O, Roald B, Magann EF, Morrison JC. Early development of the human placenta and pregnancy complications. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019; 33:3538-3545. [PMID: 30810433 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1578745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An adequately sized placenta at a suitable site with appropriate depth and centripetal progression of implantation are the major factors for optimal fetal development. The cytotrophoblasts surround the blastocyst fuses at the site of the uterine attachment. This forms a second layer of multinucleated syncytiotrophoblasts that constitutes the inner epithelial boundary of the chorionic villous against the intervillous space. In a normal pregnancy, extravillous cytotrophoblasts (EVT) invade and obstruct the spiral arteries and remodel them. Vacuoles in the syncytial cell layer fuse and develop the intervillous space. The inner cell mass (embryoblast) gives rise to the umbilical cord and the mesenchyme in the chorionic villi. Vasculogenesis starts with the formation of hemangioblastic cords in this mesenchyme. The trophoblastic cell columns anchor the placenta. A variety of molecular pathways participate in the placentation process. Placental morphogenesis occurs mainly through complex cellular interactions between the chorionic villous and the extravillous cytotrophoblasts. The formation of the normal structure of the chorionic villi, syncytiotrophoblast layer and vasculature is essential for placental function, hormone production, and regulation of fetal growth. At each stage of placental development, genetic variants, exposure to infection, poor vascular function, oxidative stress, or failure of normal development can all lead to abnormal formation resulting in the clinical complications of pregnancy such as fetal growth disorders, neonatal neurologic abnormalities, placental adhesions, and inflammatory problems as well as maternal disease such as preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjell Haram
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan Helge Mortensen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ole Myking
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bodil Roald
- Department of Pathology, Center for Pediatric and Pregnancy Related Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Everett F Magann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - John C Morrison
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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Kuo CY, Shevchuk M, Opfermann J, Guo T, Santoro M, Fisher JP, Kim PCW. Trophoblast-endothelium signaling involves angiogenesis and apoptosis in a dynamic bioprinted placenta model. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:181-192. [PMID: 30298908 PMCID: PMC6289739 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Trophoblast invasion and remodeling of the maternal spiral arteries are required for pregnancy success. Aberrant endothelium-trophoblast crosstalk may lead to preeclampsia, a pregnancy complication that has serious effects on both the mother and the baby. However, our understanding of the mechanisms involved in this pathology remains elementary because the current in vitro models cannot describe trophoblast-endothelium interactions under dynamic culture. In this study, we developed a dynamic three-dimensional (3D) placenta model by bioprinting trophoblasts and an endothelialized lumen in a perfusion bioreactor. We found the 3D printed perfusion bioreactor system significantly augmented responses of endothelial cells by encouraging network formations and expressions of angiogenic markers, cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). Bioprinting favored colocalization of trophoblasts with endothelial cells, similar to in vivo observations. Additional analysis revealed that trophoblasts reduced the angiogenic responses by reducing network formation and motility rates while inducing apoptosis of endothelial cells. Moreover, the presence of endothelial cells appeared to inhibit trophoblast invasion rates. These results clearly demonstrated the utility and potential of bioprinting and perfusion bioreactor system to model trophoblast-endothelium interactions in vitro. Our bioprinted placenta model represents a crucial step to develop advanced research approach that will expand our understanding and treatment options of preeclampsia and other pregnancy-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Ying Kuo
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Mariya Shevchuk
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Justin Opfermann
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC
| | - Ting Guo
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Marco Santoro
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - John P Fisher
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Peter CW Kim
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
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Thiele K, Hierweger AM, Riquelme JIA, Solano ME, Lydon JP, Arck PC. Impaired Progesterone-Responsiveness of CD11c + Dendritic Cells Affects the Generation of CD4 + Regulatory T Cells and Is Associated With Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:96. [PMID: 30858825 PMCID: PMC6397849 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to 10% of pregnancies in Western societies are affected by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). IUGR reduces short-term neonatal survival and impairs long-term health of the children. To date, the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of IUGR are largely unknown, but the failure to mount an adequate endocrine and immune response during pregnancy has been proposed to facilitate the occurrence of IUGR. A cross talk between the pregnancy hormone progesterone and innate immune cell subsets such as dendritic cells (DCs) is vital to ensure adequate placentation and fetal growth. However, experimental strategies to pinpoint distinct immune cell subsets interacting with progesterone in vivo have long been limited. In the present study, we have overcome this limitation by generating a mouse line with a specific deletion of the progesterone receptor (PR) on CD11c+ DCs. We took advantage of the cre/loxP system and assessed reproductive outcome in Balb/c-mated C57Bl/6 PRflox/floxCD11ccre/wt females. Balb/c-mated C57Bl/6 PRwt/wtCD11ccre/wt females served as controls. In all dams, fetal growth and development, placental function and maternal immune and endocrine adaptation were evaluated at different gestational time points. We observed a significantly reduced fetal weight on gestational day 13.5 and 18.5 in PRflox/floxCD11ccre/wt females. While frequencies of uterine CD11c+ cells were similar in both groups, an increased frequency of co-stimulatory molecules was observed on DCs in PRflox/floxCD11ccre/wt mice, along with reduced frequencies of CD4+ FoxP3+ and CD8+ CD122+ regulatory T (Treg) cells. Placental histomorphology revealed a skew toward increased junctional zone at the expense of the labyrinth in implantations of PRflox/floxCD11ccre/wt females, accompanied by increased plasma progesterone concentrations. Our results support that DCs are highly responsive to progesterone, subsequently adapting to a tolerogenic phenotype. If such cross talk between progesterone and DCs is impaired, the generation of pregnancy-protective immune cells subsets such as CD4+ and CD8+ Treg cells is reduced, which is associated with poor placentation and IUGR in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Thiele
- Division of Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Kristin Thiele
| | - Alexandra Maximiliane Hierweger
- Division of Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Isabel Amambay Riquelme
- Division of Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - María Emilia Solano
- Division of Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - John P. Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Petra Clara Arck
- Division of Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Petra Clara Arck
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West RC, Bouma GJ, Winger QA. Shifting perspectives from "oncogenic" to oncofetal proteins; how these factors drive placental development. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16:101. [PMID: 30340501 PMCID: PMC6195737 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-018-0421-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Early human placental development strongly resembles carcinogenesis in otherwise healthy tissues. The progenitor cells of the placenta, the cytotrophoblast, rapidly proliferate to produce a sufficient number of cells to form an organ that will contribute to fetal development as early as the first trimester. The cytotrophoblast cells begin to differentiate, some towards the fused cells of the syncytiotrophoblast and some towards the highly invasive and migratory extravillous trophoblast. Invasion and migration of extravillous trophoblast cells mimics tumor metastasis. One key difference between cancer progression and placental development is the tight regulation of these oncogenes and oncogenic processes. Often, tumor suppressors and oncogenes work synergistically to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and invasion in a restrained manner compared to the uncontrollable growth in cancer. This review will compare and contrast the mechanisms that drive both cancer progression and placental development. Specifically, this review will focus on the molecular mechanisms that promote cell proliferation, evasion of apoptosis, cell invasion, and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C. West
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, 10290 Ridgegate Circle, Lone Tree, Fort Collins, CO 80124 USA
| | - Gerrit J. Bouma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, 10290 Ridgegate Circle, Lone Tree, Fort Collins, CO 80124 USA
| | - Quinton A. Winger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Colorado State University, 10290 Ridgegate Circle, Lone Tree, Fort Collins, CO 80124 USA
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Spradley FT, Ge Y, Haynes BP, Granger JP, Anderson CD. Adrenergic receptor blockade attenuates placental ischemia-induced hypertension. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13814. [PMID: 30229567 PMCID: PMC6121121 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE), a disorder of new-onset maternal hypertension and vascular dysfunction during pregnancy, is thought to be linked to placental ischemia-induced release of prohypertensive factors and reductions of vasoprotective factors in the maternal circulation. Although markers of sympathetic nervous activity are elevated in experimental models of placental ischemia-induced hypertension and women with PE compared with their normal pregnant counterparts, the importance of adrenergic receptor signaling in the development of hypertension in PE is unknown. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that adrenergic receptor blockade attenuates the development of placental ischemia-induced hypertension in rats. Wistar Hannover rats underwent reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) or Sham surgeries on gestational day 14. By day 19, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was increased in RUPP over Sham rats. Groups of RUPP and Sham pregnant rats received terazosin and propranolol (3 mg/kg per day of each via subcutaneous osmotic minipump) to block α1- and β-adrenergic receptors, respectively, beginning on gestational day 14. Adrenergic blockade significantly attenuated the development of hypertension in the RUPP rats with a slight blood pressure-lowering response in the Sham, normal pregnant rats by day 19. In conclusion, these data implicate that placental ischemia-induced hypertension involves adrenergic receptor signaling to promote increases in blood pressure during PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank T. Spradley
- Department of SurgeryThe University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
- Department of Physiology & BiophysicsThe University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
- Cardiovascular‐Renal Research CenterThe University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
- Women's Health Research CenterThe University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
| | - Ying Ge
- Department of SurgeryThe University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
| | - B. Peyton Haynes
- Department of SurgeryThe University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
| | - Joey P. Granger
- Department of Physiology & BiophysicsThe University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
- Cardiovascular‐Renal Research CenterThe University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
- Women's Health Research CenterThe University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
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Silva JF, Ocarino NM, Serakides R. Spatiotemporal expression profile of proteases and immunological, angiogenic, hormonal and apoptotic mediators in rat placenta before and during intrauterine trophoblast migration. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:1774-1786. [PMID: 27737730 DOI: 10.1071/rd16280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene and/or protein expression of proteases and immunological, angiogenic, hormonal and apoptotic mediators was evaluated in rat placenta before and during intrauterine trophoblast migration. The depth of interstitial and endovascular intrauterine trophoblast invasion and the immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fetal liver kinase 1 (Flk1), interferon (IFN)-γ, migration inhibitory factor (MIF), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS; also known as nitric oxide synthase (NOS) 2) were evaluated. In addition, the expression of the Vegf, Flk1, placental growth factor (Pigf), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1), placental lactogen 1 (Pl1), proliferin-related protein (rPlf), placental leptin (Lep), Toll-like receptor 2 (Tlr2), Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4), Infg, Mif, tumour necrosis factor-α (Tnf), interleukin-10 (Il10), Nos2, caspase 3 (Casp3), Bax, Bcl2, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (Mmp2) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (Mmp9) genes was determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. At 10 days gestation, gene expression of Tlr2, Tlr4, Tnf, Infg, Il10, Casp3, Pigf, sFlt1 and Lep (P<0.05) were higher than at 14 and/or 19 days of gestation. The beginning of intrauterine trophoblast invasion, i.e., at 14 days of gestation, coincided with higher gene and/or protein expression of MMP9, VEGF, Flk1, NOS2, MIF, BAX and rPlf compared to days 10 and 19 (P<0.05). In contrast, gene expression of Mmp2 and Pl1 was higher at the end of trophoblast invasion compared to 10 and 14 days of gestation (P<0.05). In conclusion, before intrauterine trophoblast migration, expression of TLRs and immunological and pro-apoptotic mediators is higher, whereas the beginning of trophoblast migration is characterised by higher expression of the pro-angiogenic factors NOS2 and MMP9. In contrast, MMP2 and PL1 expression is higher at the end of intrauterine trophoblast migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juneo F Silva
- Laboratório de Histologia Animal, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Natália M Ocarino
- Laboratório de Patologia, Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rogéria Serakides
- Laboratório de Patologia, Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Zhao H, Kalish FS, Wong RJ, Stevenson DK. Hypoxia regulates placental angiogenesis via alternatively activated macrophages. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 80:e12989. [PMID: 29932269 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Uterine and placental macrophages play critical roles in maintaining a normal pregnancy. The majority of these macrophages are believed to be alternatively activated macrophages (M2). METHOD OF STUDY Mouse bone marrow cells were differentiated into macrophages and polarized to M2 in vitro by treatment with IL-4 [M2a] or IL-10 [M2c] and M1 with LPS/IFN-γ as controls. Macrophage subtypes were confirmed by surface markers and characterized by gene expression profiles. RESULTS Compared to M1, M2 showed strong pro-angiogenic activity by expressing higher mRNA for angiogenic-associated factors (Cxcl12, Vegfa, PlGF, Mmp2). M2c produced the highest levels of PlGF, Mmp2, and Cxcr4. To mimic the normal placental microenvironment, M2 were exposed to hypoxia and sex hormones (progesterone, estrogen). In both M2c and M2a, severe hypoxic (1%-3% O2 ) exposure significantly suppressed PlGF, Cxcl12, and Mmp2 mRNA, but not Vegfa, compared to normoxia (21% O2 ) or physiological hypoxia (5% O2 ). mRNA expression returned to normal when hypoxic cells were returned to normoxia. Hypoxia (1%) reduced antioxidant levels in M2 and re-exposure to normoxia significantly increased superoxide dismutase (Sod1, Sod2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) levels in M2a, and only glutathione peroxidase (Gpx1, Gpx3, Gpx4) in M2c. However, progesterone and estrogen treatment had minimal effects on angiogenic factor expression in M2. CONCLUSION M2, particularly M2c, displayed strong pro-angiogenic potential, which decreased under severe hypoxia such as in early pregnancy. Thus, conditions that alter the placental oxygen microenvironment or macrophage response in early pregnancy might cause aberrant angiogenesis and vascular remodeling, and lead to abnormal placental vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Flora S Kalish
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ronald J Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David K Stevenson
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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HIV antiretroviral exposure in pregnancy induces detrimental placenta vascular changes that are rescued by progesterone supplementation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6552. [PMID: 29700323 PMCID: PMC5919912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24680-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse birth outcomes are common in HIV-positive pregnant women receiving combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), especially when cART is initiated in early pregnancy. The mechanisms remain poorly understood. Using a mouse model we demonstrate that protease inhibitor based-cART exposure beginning on day 1 of pregnancy was associated with a pro-angiogenic/pro-branching shift in the placenta driven by lower Flt-1 levels and higher Gcm-1 expression. Micro-CT imaging revealed an increase in the number of arterioles in cART-treated placentas, which correlated with fetal growth restriction. Delaying initiation of cART, or supplementing cART-treated mice with progesterone, prevented the pro-angiogenic/pro-branching shift and the associated placenta vascular changes. In agreement with our mouse findings, we observed an increase in the number of terminal-villi capillaries in placentas from HIV-positive cART-exposed women compared to HIV-negative controls. Capillary number was inversely correlated to maternal progesterone levels. Our study provides evidence that cART exposure during pregnancy influences placenta vascular formation that may in turn contribute to fetal growth restriction. Our findings highlight the need for closer investigation of the placenta in HIV-positive pregnancies, particularly for pregnancies exposed to cART from conception, and suggest that progesterone supplementation could be investigated as a possible intervention to improve placenta function in HIV-positive pregnant women.
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Park MN, Park KH, Lee JE, Shin YY, An SM, Kang SS, Cho WS, An BS, Kim SC. The expression and activation of sex steroid receptors in the preeclamptic placenta. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2943-2951. [PMID: 29436602 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen and progesterone are the main pregnancy hormones produced by the placenta. It is well understood that estrogen stimulates angiogenesis in the uterus during the reproductive cycle. Although the estrogen and progesterone signaling pathways are assumed to be associated with placental vascularization and preeclampsia, expression of estrogen receptors (ESRs) and progesterone receptor (PGR) in the placenta have not been well studied. The present study examined the expression patterns of steroid hormone receptors in placentas. Human placenta samples were collected and divided into normal and preeclampsia groups. Results revealed that expression levels of ESR1 were reduced, whereas ESR2 and PGR were elevated in preeclamptic placentas. To generate an in vitro preeclampsia environment, human placenta‑derived BeWo cells were incubated under hypoxic conditions, or treated with catechol‑O‑methyl transferase inhibitor (COMT‑in) or L‑NG‑nitroarginine methyl ester (L‑NAME). Expression levels of ESR1, ESR2 and PGR in hypoxic cells demonstrated similar regulation as those in placentas from women with preeclampsia. Although COMT‑in and L‑NAME did not significantly regulate the expression levels of the receptors, COMT‑in translocated ESR2 and PGR from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, indicating that these receptors were inactivated. These results suggested that ESRs and PGR are associated with symptoms of preeclampsia in the placenta. The expression of ESR1 was reduced in preeclamptic placenta and hypoxic BeWo cells. In addition, the activation of ESR2 and PGR was blocked in placenta cells subjected to COMT‑in treatment. The reduced ESR1 expression and inactivation of ESR2 and PGR proteins may affect the physiological complications of preeclampsia in the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Na Park
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam‑do 627‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan 302‑739, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Eon Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam‑do 627‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Young Shin
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam‑do 627‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min An
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam‑do 627‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Soo Kang
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500‑757, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Seob Cho
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong‑A University, Busan 604‑714, Republic of Korea
| | - Beum-Soo An
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam‑do 627‑706, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Chul Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan 302‑739, Republic of Korea
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73
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Agrawal S, Cerdeira AS, Redman C, Vatish M. Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review to Assess the Role of Soluble FMS-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 and Placenta Growth Factor Ratio in Prediction of Preeclampsia. Hypertension 2018; 71:306-316. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Swati Agrawal
- From the Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Sofia Cerdeira
- From the Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Redman
- From the Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Manu Vatish
- From the Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
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74
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Ospina-Tascón GA, Nieto Calvache AJ, Quiñones E, Madriñan HJ, Valencia JD, Bermúdez WF, Carvajal J, Escobar MF, de Backer D. Microcirculatory blood flow derangements during severe preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome. Pregnancy Hypertens 2017; 10:124-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2017.07.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Enhanced HIF2α expression during human trophoblast differentiation into syncytiotrophoblast suppresses transcription of placental growth factor. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12455. [PMID: 28963486 PMCID: PMC5622029 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12685-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental growth factor (PlGF), abundantly produced from trophoblasts is involved in placental angiogenesis. The regulatory mechanism of its expression is poorly understood. Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) are centrally involved in the modulation of cellular function in response to low oxygen conditions. This study aimed to clarify HIF1α and HIF2α expression patterns during cytotrophoblast differentiation into syncytiotrophoblast and the impact of any changes on PlGF expression. HIF proteins were induced remarkably under low oxygen condition (2%). HIF1α expression decreased and HIF2α expression increased when syncytialization of cultured cytotrophoblasts is progressed. Those expression changes of HIF proteins in the process of in-vitro syncytialization was congruent with the immunohistochemical findings in preeclamptic placenta as well as uncomplicated placenta. Low oxygen condition was also associated with reduced PlGF production in syncytializing primary cells and BeWo choriocarcinoma cells. Small interfering RNA-mediated HIF2α knockdown in BeWo cells abrogated hypoxia-associated decreases in PlGF secretion; HIF1α silencing had no significant effect on PlGF secretion. In summary, HIF2α, rather than HIF1α, is most affected by reduced oxygen level during syncytialization and increases in HIF2α trigger a reduction of PlGF production. Our findings suggest new and important connections between HIF proteins and PlGF pathways in the regulation of placental angiogenesis.
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76
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Uyanıkoğlu H, İncebıyık A, Turp AB, Çakmak G, Sak S, Hilali NG. Serum Angiogenic and Anti-angiogenic Markers in Pregnant Women with Placenta Percreta. Balkan Med J 2017; 35:55-60. [PMID: 28903888 PMCID: PMC5820448 DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.2016.1890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placenta percreta is the morbidly adherent form of all the placental invasion abnormalities. The pathology that underlies placenta percreta is poorly understood. AIMS To compare the levels of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor, placental growth factor and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 in pregnant women with placenta percreta to a control group. STUDY DESIGN Case-control study. METHODS Twenty-two women who underwent caesarean section due to placenta percreta and 22 women who underwent caesarean section for other obstetric reasons were included in this study. The diagnosis of placenta percreta was defined as extreme trophoblastic invasion involving serosa of the uterus. Venous blood samples were collected for biochemical comparison of circulating vascular endothelial growth factor, placental growth factor and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 from all pregnant women. RESULTS Women with placenta percreta were significantly older, had higher gravidity, received more frequent antenatal steroids and blood transfusions and delivered at an earlier gestational age when compared to the control group. In women with placenta percreta, preoperative circulating levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, placental growth factor and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 were lower than the controls (p<0.001, p<0.001 and p<0.05, respectively). While the postoperative levels of vascular endothelial growth factorand soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 levels were higher in placenta percreta (p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively), placental growth factor levels were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest that a decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor, placental growth factor and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 levels may be related to placenta percreta etiopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacer Uyanıkoğlu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harran University School of Medicine, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Adnan İncebıyık
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harran University School of Medicine, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Ahmet B Turp
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harran University School of Medicine, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Güler Çakmak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harran University School of Medicine, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Sibel Sak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harran University School of Medicine, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Neşe G Hilali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harran University School of Medicine, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
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77
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Wu WB, Xu YY, Cheng WW, Yuan B, Zhao JR, Wang YL, Zhang HJ. Decreased PGF may contribute to trophoblast dysfunction in fetal growth restriction. Reproduction 2017; 154:319-329. [PMID: 28676532 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) threatens perinatal health and is correlated with increased incidence of fetal original adult diseases. Most cases of FGR were idiopathic, which were supposed to be associated with placental abnormality. Decreased circulating placental growth factor (PGF) was recognized as an indication of placental deficiency in FGR. In this study, the epigenetic regulation of PGF in FGR placentas and the involvement of PGF in modulation of trophoblast activity were investigated. The expression level of PGF in placental tissues was determined by RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry and ELISA. DNA methylation profile of PGF gene was analyzed by bisulfite sequencing. Trophoblastic cell lines were treated with ZM-306416, an inhibitor of PGF receptor FLT1, to observe the effect of PGF/FLT1 signaling on cell proliferation and migration. We demonstrated that PGF was downregulated in placentas from FGR pregnancies compared with normal controls. The villous expression of PGF was positively correlated with placental and fetal weight. The CpG island inside PGF promoter was hypomethylated without obvious difference in both normal and FGR placentas. However, the higher DNA methylation at another CpG island downstream exon 7 of PGF was demonstrated in FGR placentas. Additionally, we found FLT1 was expressed in trophoblast cells. Inhibition of PGF/FLT1 signaling by a selective inhibitor impaired trophoblast proliferation and migration. In conclusion, our data suggested that the PGF expression was dysregulated, and disrupted PGF/FLT1 signaling in trophoblast might contribute to placenta dysfunction in FGR. Thus, our results support the significant role of PGF in the pathogenesis of FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bin Wu
- Departments of Pathology and Bio-Bank, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Ying Xu
- Departments of Pathology and Bio-Bank, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Wei Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiu-Ru Zhao
- Departments of Pathology and Bio-Bank, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Lin Wang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center & Fetal Medicine Unit, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Juan Zhang
- Departments of Pathology and Bio-Bank, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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78
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Dasari BC, Cashman SM, Kumar-Singh R. Reducible PEG-POD/DNA Nanoparticles for Gene Transfer In Vitro and In Vivo: Application in a Mouse Model of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 8:77-89. [PMID: 28918058 PMCID: PMC5491761 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-viral gene delivery systems are being developed to address limitations of viral gene delivery. Many of these non-viral systems are modeled on the properties of viruses including cell surface binding, endocytosis, endosomal escape, and nuclear targeting. Most non-viral gene transfer systems exhibit little correlation between in vitro and in vivo efficiency, hampering a systematic approach to their development. Previously, we have described a 3.5 kDa peptide (peptide for ocular delivery [POD]) that targets cell surface sialic acid. When functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) via a sulfhydryl group on the N-terminal cysteine of POD, PEG-POD could compact plasmid DNA, forming 120- to 180-nm homogeneous nanoparticles. PEG-POD enabled modest gene transfer and rescue of retinal degeneration in vivo. Systematic investigation of different stages of gene transfer by PEG-POD nanoparticles was hampered by their inability to deliver genes in vitro. Herein, we describe functionalization of POD with PEG using a reducible orthopyridyl disulfide bond. These reducible nanoparticles enabled gene transfer in vitro while retaining their in vivo gene transfer properties. These reducible PEG-POD nanoparticles were utilized to deliver human FLT1 to the retina in vivo, achieving a 50% reduction in choroidal neovascularization in a murine model of age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Chandar Dasari
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Program in Genetics, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Siobhan M Cashman
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Program in Genetics, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Rajendra Kumar-Singh
- Department of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology, Program in Genetics, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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79
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Escudero CA, Herlitz K, Troncoso F, Guevara K, Acurio J, Aguayo C, Godoy AS, González M. Pro-angiogenic Role of Insulin: From Physiology to Pathology. Front Physiol 2017; 8:204. [PMID: 28424632 PMCID: PMC5380736 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying molecular mechanisms involve in the regulation of the angiogenic process by insulin are not well understood. In this review article, we aim to describe the role of insulin and insulin receptor activation on the control of angiogenesis and how these mechanisms can be deregulated in human diseases. Functional expression of insulin receptors and their signaling pathways has been described on endothelial cells and pericytes, both of the main cells involved in vessel formation and maturation. Consequently, insulin has been shown to regulate endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and in vitro tubular structure formation through binding to its receptors and activation of intracellular phosphorylation cascades. Furthermore, insulin-mediated pro-angiogenic state is potentiated by generation of vascular growth factors, such as the vascular endothelial growth factor, produced by endothelial cells. Additionally, diseases such as insulin resistance, obesity, diabetes, and cancer may be associated with the deregulation of insulin-mediated angiogenesis. Despite this knowledge, the underlying molecular mechanisms need to be elucidated in order to provide new insights into the role of insulin on angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Escudero
- Group of Investigation in Tumor Angiogenesis, Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Basic Sciences Department, Universidad del Bío BíoChillán, Chile.,Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Bío-BíoChillán, Chile
| | - Kurt Herlitz
- Group of Investigation in Tumor Angiogenesis, Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Basic Sciences Department, Universidad del Bío BíoChillán, Chile
| | - Felipe Troncoso
- Group of Investigation in Tumor Angiogenesis, Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Basic Sciences Department, Universidad del Bío BíoChillán, Chile
| | - Katherine Guevara
- Group of Investigation in Tumor Angiogenesis, Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Basic Sciences Department, Universidad del Bío BíoChillán, Chile
| | - Jesenia Acurio
- Group of Investigation in Tumor Angiogenesis, Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Basic Sciences Department, Universidad del Bío BíoChillán, Chile
| | - Claudio Aguayo
- Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Bío-BíoChillán, Chile.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of ConcepciónConcepción, Chile
| | - Alejandro S Godoy
- Department of Physiology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile.,Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer InstituteBuffalo, NY, USA
| | - Marcelo González
- Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Bío-BíoChillán, Chile.,Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad of ConcepciónConcepción, Chile
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80
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Chon AH, Chavira ER, Wilson ML, Ingles SA, Llanes A, Chmait RH. The impact of laser surgery on angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in twin–twin transfusion syndrome: a prospective study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017; 31:1085-1091. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1309020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew H. Chon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Emiliano R. Chavira
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, San Gabriel Valley Perinatal Medical Group, Monterey Park, CA, USA
| | - Melissa L. Wilson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sue A. Ingles
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arlyn Llanes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ramen H. Chmait
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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81
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Manthati S, Pratumvinit B, Hanyongyuth R, Udompunthurak S, Phaophan A, Wataganara T. Circulating free soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 during late first trimester in relation with placental volume as a surrogate for trophoblastic production: a physiology study in low-risk cohort. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017; 30:1976-1983. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1235697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudtawin Manthati
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand,
| | | | | | - Suthipol Udompunthurak
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Amprapha Phaophan
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand,
| | - Tuangsit Wataganara
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand,
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82
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ÖZTAŞ E, ÖZLER S, ERGİN M, EREL Ö, GÜMÜŞ GÜLER B, ÇAĞLAR AT, YÜCEL A, UYGUR D, DANIŞMAN N. Decreased oxidative stress may contribute to the disease process in placenta accreta. Turk J Med Sci 2017; 47:1180-1184. [DOI: 10.3906/sag-1605-141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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83
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Holme AM, Roland MCP, Henriksen T, Michelsen TM. In vivo uteroplacental release of placental growth factor and soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 in normal and preeclamptic pregnancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 215:782.e1-782.e9. [PMID: 27503620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is characterized by maternal endothelial dysfunction, which underlies a highly diverse clinical presentation. The pathophysiologic condition remains to be unraveled fully, but interplay between factors that are released from the placenta and maternal vascular vulnerability is likely. An imbalance in circulating angiogenic factors is a prominent feature of preeclampsia; placental growth factor and soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 have been implemented as biomarkers of placental function and preeclampsia. Their test accuracies are limited in a clinical setting, which urges better insight into their production and removal. Current data suggest that placental growth factor and soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 are released from the placenta. Both the circulating levels and the placental expression are altered in preeclamptic pregnancies. However, in vivo placental release has not been determined in human pregnancies. Moreover, there is evidence that extra-placental tissues might contribute to the circulating levels placental growth factor and soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 in normal and preeclamptic pregnancies. OBJECTIVES We aimed to study the in vivo placental release of placental growth factor and soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 by determining the uteroplacental arteriovenous differences in human pregnancies. Further, we investigated whether this release was altered in early-onset preeclampsia compared with control subjects and whether there was a release of placental growth factor and soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 from maternal systemic endothelium. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a case-control study at Oslo University Hospital and included 23 women with preeclampsia (diagnosis <34 weeks) and 20 control subjects. During cesarean delivery, we sampled blood from 3 vessels simultaneously (uterine vein, radial artery, and antecubital vein). We determined concentrations of placental growth factor and soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 and calculated the arteriovenous differences. A possible net placental and extra-placental release was evaluated with the use of a Wilcoxon signed rank test. Differences between groups were compared by a Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS The median gestational age at delivery was 33.4 weeks (Q1, 28.3; Q3, 34.4 weeks) in the preeclamptic group and 39.3 weeks (Q1, 39.0; Q3, 39.6 weeks) in the control subjects. Women with preeclampsia had lower plasma concentrations of placental growth factor and higher concentrations of soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 compared with control subjects (P<.001). There were significant uteroplacental arteriovenous differences of soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 in preeclampsia (P<.001), but not in the control subjects. The uteroplacental arteriovenous differences of placental growth factor were significant in both groups (P<.001). Despite lower concentrations of plasma placental growth factor in women with preeclampsia, the arteriovenous differences were not significantly different from normal pregnancies (P=.53), even when we corrected for placental weight (P=.79). We found no placental growth factor or soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 concentration differences between the radial artery and the antecubital vein. CONCLUSION Our findings are consistent with a net release of soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 from the placenta in early-onset preeclampsia. This study demonstrated a placental release of placental growth factor to the maternal circulation but could not demonstrate that this release was impaired in the preeclamptic group. We could not find evidence of systemic endothelial release of placental growth factor and soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 by analyzing the arteriovenous differences in the forearm. This study contributes to the pathophysiologic understanding of preeclampsia by the use of the clinical setting to test current concepts in vivo and underscores that studies of in vivo degradation rates of placentally released compounds are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane M Holme
- Department of Obstetrics, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Marie C P Roland
- Department of Obstetrics, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore Henriksen
- Department of Obstetrics, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trond M Michelsen
- Department of Obstetrics, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Women's Health, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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84
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Abide Yayla C, Ozkaya E, Tayyar A, Senol T, Senturk MB, Karateke A. Predictive value of complete blood count parameters for placental invasion anomalies. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 30:2324-2328. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1247266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Abide Yayla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Enis Ozkaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahter Tayyar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Taylan Senol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M. Baki Senturk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ates Karateke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zeynep Kamil Women and Children’s Health Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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85
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Lecarpentier E, Atallah A, Guibourdenche J, Hebert-Schuster M, Vieillefosse S, Chissey A, Haddad B, Pidoux G, Evain-Brion D, Barakat A, Fournier T, Tsatsaris V. Fluid Shear Stress Promotes Placental Growth Factor Upregulation in Human Syncytiotrophoblast Through the cAMP-PKA Signaling Pathway. Hypertension 2016; 68:1438-1446. [PMID: 27698065 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.07890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of fluid shear stress (FSS) on the human syncytiotrophoblast and its biological functions have never been studied. During pregnancy, the syncytiotrophoblast is the main source of placental growth factor (PlGF), a proangiogenic factor involved in the placental angiogenesis and the vascular adaptation to pregnancy. The role of FSS in regulating PlGF expression in syncytiotrophoblasts is unknown. We investigated the impact of FSS on the production and secretion of the PlGF by the human syncytiotrophoblasts in primary cell culture. Laminar and continuous FSS (1 dyn cm-2) was applied to human syncytiotrophoblasts cultured in a parallel-plate flow chambers. Secreted levels of PlGF, sFlt-1 (soluble fms-like tyrosin kinase-1), and prostaglandin E2 were tested by immunologic assay. PlGF levels of mRNA and intracellular protein were examined by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Intracellular cAMP levels were examined by time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer cAMP accumulation assay. Production of cAMP and PlGF secretion was significantly increased in FSS conditions compared with static conditions. Western blot analysis of cell extracts exposed to FSS showed an increased phosphorylation of protein kinase A substrates and cAMP response element-binding protein on serine 133. FSS-induced phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein and upregulation of PlGF were prevented by inhibition of protein kinase A with H89 (3 μmol/L). FSS also triggers intracellular calcium flux, which increases the synthesis and release of prostaglandin E2. The enhanced intracellular cAMP in FSS conditions was blocked by COX1/COX2 (cyclooxygenase) inhibitors, suggesting that the increase in prostaglandin E2 production could activate the cAMP/protein kinase A pathway in an autocrine/paracrine fashion. FSS activates the cAMP/protein kinase A pathway leading to upregulation of PlGF in human syncytiotrophoblast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Lecarpentier
- From the INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., B.H., G.P., T.F., V.T.); PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., T.F., V.T.); Port Royal Maternity, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics I, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (E.L., V.T.); DHU Risques et grossesse, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., T.F., V.T.); PremUP Foundation, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., D.E.-B., T.F., V.T.); Laboratoire d'Hydrodynamique (LadHyX), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France (A.B.); SDBA Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (M.H.-S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, CRC CHI Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, France (B.H.); Service d'hormonologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (J.G.); and INSERM, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France (G.P.).
| | - Anthony Atallah
- From the INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., B.H., G.P., T.F., V.T.); PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., T.F., V.T.); Port Royal Maternity, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics I, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (E.L., V.T.); DHU Risques et grossesse, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., T.F., V.T.); PremUP Foundation, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., D.E.-B., T.F., V.T.); Laboratoire d'Hydrodynamique (LadHyX), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France (A.B.); SDBA Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (M.H.-S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, CRC CHI Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, France (B.H.); Service d'hormonologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (J.G.); and INSERM, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France (G.P.)
| | - Jean Guibourdenche
- From the INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., B.H., G.P., T.F., V.T.); PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., T.F., V.T.); Port Royal Maternity, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics I, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (E.L., V.T.); DHU Risques et grossesse, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., T.F., V.T.); PremUP Foundation, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., D.E.-B., T.F., V.T.); Laboratoire d'Hydrodynamique (LadHyX), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France (A.B.); SDBA Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (M.H.-S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, CRC CHI Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, France (B.H.); Service d'hormonologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (J.G.); and INSERM, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France (G.P.)
| | - Marylise Hebert-Schuster
- From the INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., B.H., G.P., T.F., V.T.); PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., T.F., V.T.); Port Royal Maternity, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics I, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (E.L., V.T.); DHU Risques et grossesse, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., T.F., V.T.); PremUP Foundation, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., D.E.-B., T.F., V.T.); Laboratoire d'Hydrodynamique (LadHyX), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France (A.B.); SDBA Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (M.H.-S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, CRC CHI Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, France (B.H.); Service d'hormonologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (J.G.); and INSERM, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France (G.P.)
| | - Sarah Vieillefosse
- From the INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., B.H., G.P., T.F., V.T.); PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., T.F., V.T.); Port Royal Maternity, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics I, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (E.L., V.T.); DHU Risques et grossesse, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., T.F., V.T.); PremUP Foundation, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., D.E.-B., T.F., V.T.); Laboratoire d'Hydrodynamique (LadHyX), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France (A.B.); SDBA Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (M.H.-S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, CRC CHI Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, France (B.H.); Service d'hormonologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (J.G.); and INSERM, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France (G.P.)
| | - Audrey Chissey
- From the INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., B.H., G.P., T.F., V.T.); PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., T.F., V.T.); Port Royal Maternity, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics I, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (E.L., V.T.); DHU Risques et grossesse, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., T.F., V.T.); PremUP Foundation, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., D.E.-B., T.F., V.T.); Laboratoire d'Hydrodynamique (LadHyX), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France (A.B.); SDBA Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (M.H.-S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, CRC CHI Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, France (B.H.); Service d'hormonologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (J.G.); and INSERM, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France (G.P.)
| | - Bassam Haddad
- From the INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., B.H., G.P., T.F., V.T.); PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., T.F., V.T.); Port Royal Maternity, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics I, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (E.L., V.T.); DHU Risques et grossesse, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., T.F., V.T.); PremUP Foundation, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., D.E.-B., T.F., V.T.); Laboratoire d'Hydrodynamique (LadHyX), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France (A.B.); SDBA Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (M.H.-S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, CRC CHI Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, France (B.H.); Service d'hormonologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (J.G.); and INSERM, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France (G.P.)
| | - Guillaume Pidoux
- From the INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., B.H., G.P., T.F., V.T.); PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., T.F., V.T.); Port Royal Maternity, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics I, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (E.L., V.T.); DHU Risques et grossesse, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., T.F., V.T.); PremUP Foundation, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., D.E.-B., T.F., V.T.); Laboratoire d'Hydrodynamique (LadHyX), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France (A.B.); SDBA Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (M.H.-S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, CRC CHI Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, France (B.H.); Service d'hormonologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (J.G.); and INSERM, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France (G.P.)
| | - Daniele Evain-Brion
- From the INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., B.H., G.P., T.F., V.T.); PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., T.F., V.T.); Port Royal Maternity, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics I, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (E.L., V.T.); DHU Risques et grossesse, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., T.F., V.T.); PremUP Foundation, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., D.E.-B., T.F., V.T.); Laboratoire d'Hydrodynamique (LadHyX), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France (A.B.); SDBA Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (M.H.-S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, CRC CHI Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, France (B.H.); Service d'hormonologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (J.G.); and INSERM, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France (G.P.)
| | - Abdul Barakat
- From the INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., B.H., G.P., T.F., V.T.); PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., T.F., V.T.); Port Royal Maternity, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics I, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (E.L., V.T.); DHU Risques et grossesse, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., T.F., V.T.); PremUP Foundation, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., D.E.-B., T.F., V.T.); Laboratoire d'Hydrodynamique (LadHyX), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France (A.B.); SDBA Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (M.H.-S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, CRC CHI Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, France (B.H.); Service d'hormonologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (J.G.); and INSERM, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France (G.P.)
| | - Thierry Fournier
- From the INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., B.H., G.P., T.F., V.T.); PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., T.F., V.T.); Port Royal Maternity, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics I, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (E.L., V.T.); DHU Risques et grossesse, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., T.F., V.T.); PremUP Foundation, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., D.E.-B., T.F., V.T.); Laboratoire d'Hydrodynamique (LadHyX), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France (A.B.); SDBA Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (M.H.-S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, CRC CHI Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, France (B.H.); Service d'hormonologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (J.G.); and INSERM, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France (G.P.)
| | - Vassilis Tsatsaris
- From the INSERM, UMR-S 1139, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., B.H., G.P., T.F., V.T.); PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France (E.L., A.A., J.G., M.H.-S., S.V., A.C., T.F., V.T.); Port Royal Maternity, Department of Gynecology Obstetrics I, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (E.L., V.T.); DHU Risques et grossesse, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., T.F., V.T.); PremUP Foundation, Paris, France (E.L., J.G., D.E.-B., T.F., V.T.); Laboratoire d'Hydrodynamique (LadHyX), CNRS, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France (A.B.); SDBA Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (M.H.-S.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, CRC CHI Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, France (B.H.); Service d'hormonologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, France (J.G.); and INSERM, UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France (G.P.)
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Jayasena C, Abbara A, Comninos A, Narayanaswamy S, Gonzalez Maffe J, Izzi-Engbeaya C, Oldham J, Lee T, Sarang Z, Malik Z, Dhanjal M, Williamson C, Regan L, Bloom S, Dhillo W. Novel circulating placental markers prokineticin-1, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1, soluble endoglin and placental growth factor and association with late miscarriage. Hum Reprod 2016; 31:2681-2688. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dew225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Burleigh DW, Stewart K, Grindle KM, Kay HH, Golos TG. Influence of Maternal Diabetes on Placental Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Expression, Proliferation, and Apoptosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:36-41. [PMID: 14706681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsgi.2003.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type I diabetes mellitus during pregnancy is associated with dysregulation of the oxygen and glucose metabolic pathways, both of which affect placental villous growth and function. Alteration of placental development in women with diabetes may contribute to the increased risk of preeclampsia, macrosomia, or fetal growth restriction. METHODS To evaluate placental growth in the setting of maternal diabetes, immunohistochemical techniques were used to examine fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) expression, cell proliferation (Ki67), and apoptosis (Apo-Tag) in placentas from diabetic and nondiabetic patients. RESULTS Immunostaining for FGF-2 in placentas from diabetic women demonstrated an increase in intensity within the villous stroma and syncytiotrophoblast (P<.05). Associated with these changes in FGF-2 expression, placentas from diabetic women showed no change in villous mitotic activity but did show decreased stromal compartment apoptosis. When expressed as a ratio of Ki67-positive:Apo-Tag-positive nuclei as an index of relative cell turnover, the stromal compartment showed a significant trend towards decreased nuclei turnover (P<.05), suggesting relative tissue growth in diabetic patients. CONCLUSION Increased FGF-2 expression and decreased stromal cell compartment turnover in the diabetic placenta might be a compensatory mechanism in response to the altered physiologic milieu of maternal diabetes on placental function.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Burleigh
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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88
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Expression and Function of Placenta Growth Factor: Implications for Abnormal Placentation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1071-55760300048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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89
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LaMarca B, Amaral LM, Harmon AC, Cornelius DC, Faulkner JL, Cunningham MW. Placental Ischemia and Resultant Phenotype in Animal Models of Preeclampsia. Curr Hypertens Rep 2016; 18:38. [PMID: 27076345 PMCID: PMC5127437 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-016-0633-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is new onset (or worsening of preexisting) hypertension that occurs during pregnancy. It is accompanied by chronic inflammation, intrauterine growth restriction, elevated anti-angiogenic factors, and can occur with or without proteinuria. Although the exact etiology is unknown, it is thought that preeclampsia begins early in gestation with reduced uterine spiral artery remodeling leading to decreased vasculogenesis of the placenta as the pregnancy progresses. Soluble factors, stimulated by the ischemic placenta, shower the maternal vascular endothelium and are thought to cause endothelial dysfunction and to contribute to the development of hypertension during pregnancy. Due to the difficulty in studying such soluble factors in pregnant women, various animal models have been designed. Studies from these models have contributed to a better understanding of how factors released in response to placental ischemia may lead to increased blood pressure and reduced fetal weight during pregnancy. This review will highlight various animal models and the major findings indicating the importance of placental ischemia to lead to the pathophysiology observed in preeclamptic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babbette LaMarca
- Departments of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Ob/Gyn, Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
| | - Lorena M Amaral
- Departments of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Ob/Gyn, Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Ashlyn C Harmon
- Departments of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Ob/Gyn, Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Denise C Cornelius
- Departments of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Ob/Gyn, Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Jessica L Faulkner
- Departments of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Ob/Gyn, Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Mark W Cunningham
- Departments of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Ob/Gyn, Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular and Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
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Biberoglu E, Kirbas A, Daglar K, Biberoglu K, Timur H, Demirtas C, Karabulut E, Danisman N. Serum angiogenic profile in abnormal placentation. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 29:3193-7. [DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1118044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Biberoglu
- Department of Perinatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey,
| | - Ayse Kirbas
- Department of Perinatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey,
| | - Korkut Daglar
- Department of Perinatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey,
| | - Kutay Biberoglu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey,
| | - Hakan Timur
- Department of Perinatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey,
| | - Canan Demirtas
- Department of Biochemistry, Gazi University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey, and
| | - Erdem Karabulut
- Department of Biostatistics, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nuri Danisman
- Department of Perinatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey,
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Oxidative Stress in Placenta: Health and Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:293271. [PMID: 26693479 PMCID: PMC4676991 DOI: 10.1155/2015/293271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
During pregnancy, development of the placenta is interrelated with the oxygen concentration. Embryo development takes place in a low oxygen environment until the beginning of the second trimester when large amounts of oxygen are conveyed to meet the growth requirements. High metabolism and oxidative stress are common in the placenta. Reactive oxidative species sometimes harm placental development, but they are also reported to regulate gene transcription and downstream activities such as trophoblast proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis. Autophagy and apoptosis are two crucial, interconnected processes in the placenta that are often influenced by oxidative stress. The proper interactions between them play an important role in placental homeostasis. However, an imbalance between the protective and destructive mechanisms of autophagy and apoptosis seems to be linked with pregnancy-related disorders such as miscarriage, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction. Thus, potential therapies to hold oxidative stress in leash, promote placentation, and avoid unwanted apoptosis are discussed.
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92
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Chávez-García A, Vázquez-Martínez ER, Murcia C, Rodríguez A, Cerbón M, Mejía O. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of intrauterine fetal growth restriction in interspecies sheep pregnancy. J Anim Sci 2015; 93:4692-701. [PMID: 26523562 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interspecies pregnancies between closely related species are usually performed in livestock to obtain improved and enriched offspring. Indeed, different hybrids have been obtained for research purposes since many years ago, and the maternal-fetal interactions have been studied as a possible strategy for species preservation. The aim of this study was to characterize by physiological and molecular approaches the interspecies pregnancy between bighorn sheep () and domestic sheep (). Hybrids were obtained by artificial insemination; the blood pressure and protein urine levels were measured during the last two-thirds of gestation. After parturition, offspring and placentas were weighed and measured and cotyledons were counted and weighed and their surface area determined. Plasma samples were obtained between wk 8 and 21 of gestation to assess progesterone (P4), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and placental growth factor (PlGF) levels and cell-free RNA was isolated during the same period to assess hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α (α) gene expression. Hybrid and normal pregnancies were analyzed using physiological and molecular parameters during the last two-thirds of gestation (wk 8-21). The results show that during the measurement period, ewes with a hybrid pregnancy presented normal blood pressure and no alteration in urinary protein content. However, compared with sheep with a normal pregnancy, those with a hybrid pregnancy had a decrease in fetal and placental growth as well as in the cotyledonary surface area. Furthermore, in the hybrid group, there was placental insufficiency, characterized by a decrease in P4 production, as well as indications of endothelial dysfunction, characterized an increase in plasma levels of VEGF and PlGF as well as in plasma gene expression of α. Overall, the results indicate that hybrids of and presented intrauterine growth restriction, essentially due to altered endothelial function and chronic placental insufficiency. Further studies are necessary to overcome this primary placental dysfunction and thus obtain improved offspring for future molecular and genomic evaluations.
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93
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Triunfo S, Parra-Saavedra M, Rodriguez-Sureda V, Crovetto F, Dominguez C, Gratacós E, Figueras F. Angiogenic Factors and Doppler Evaluation in Normally Growing Fetuses at Routine Third-Trimester Scan: Prediction of Subsequent Low Birth Weight. Fetal Diagn Ther 2015; 40:13-20. [DOI: 10.1159/000440650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate in normally growing fetuses at routine 32-36 weeks scan the performance of maternal angiogenic factors, Doppler and ultrasound indices in predicting smallness for gestational age (SGA) at birth. Methods: A cohort of 1,000 singleton pregnancies with normal estimated fetal weight (EFW, ≥10th centile) at 32-36 weeks scan was included. At inclusion, Doppler indices (mean uterine artery pulsatility index [mUtA-PI], cerebroplacental ratio and normalized umbilical vein blood flow by EFW (ml/min/kg) were evaluated, and blood samples were collected and frozen. Nested in this cohort, maternal circulating placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in all cases with a birth weight <10th centile by customized standards and in an equivalent number of controls (birth weight ≥10th centile). Results: 160 cases were included (80 SGA and 80 controls). EFW (2,128 vs. 2,279 g, p < 0.001), mUtA-PI z-values (-0.25 vs. -0.65, p = 0.034) and sFlt-1/PlGF ratio (11.10 vs. 6.74, p < 0.005) were lower in SGA. The combination of sFlt-1/PlGF ratio and EFW resulted in a 66.3% detection rate for subsequent SGA, with 20% of false-positives. Fetal Doppler indices were not predictive of SGA. Conclusions: In normally growing fetuses, maternal angiogenic factors add to ultrasound parameters in predicting subsequent SGA at birth. This supports further research to investigate composite scores in order to improve the definition and identification of fetal growth restriction.
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94
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Kurtoglu E, Avci B, Kokcu A, Celik H, Cengiz Dura M, Malatyalioglu E, Zehra Ozdemir A. Serum VEGF and PGF may be significant markers in prediction of severity of preeclampsia. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2015; 29:1987-92. [PMID: 26333278 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1072157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study evaluate the value of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PGF) serum levels in prediction of preeclampsia, severity and onset time of the disease. METHODS Twenty five placentas of pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia (15 severe preeclampsia, 10 mild preeclampsia) and peripheral venous blood samples were collected. The placental and serum levels of VEGF and PGF were measured. RESULTS VEGF level was significantly higher in cases and the optimal cut-off point was calculated as 600.5 to differentiate the cases and the controls, with 64% sensitivity and 100% specificity. There was a significant increase in median serum level of VEGF in severe cases compared to the mild cases and the controls. The optimal cut-off point for VEGF was calculated as 673.5 to differentiate mild and severe cases, with 93.3% sensitivity and 90% specificity. Whereas, PGF was significantly lower in severe cases than that in the mild cases and controls. The optimal cut-off point for PGF was calculated as 16.1 to differentiate mild and severe cases, with 66.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity. CONCLUSION VEGF and PGF may be significant markers in prediction of severity of preeclampsia, and VEGF may also be valuable in prediction of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Kurtoglu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Ondokuz Mayis University , Samsun , Turkey and
| | - Bahattin Avci
- b Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Ondokuz Mayis University , Samsun , Turkey
| | - Arif Kokcu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Ondokuz Mayis University , Samsun , Turkey and
| | - Handan Celik
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Ondokuz Mayis University , Samsun , Turkey and
| | - Mustafa Cengiz Dura
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Ondokuz Mayis University , Samsun , Turkey and
| | - Erdal Malatyalioglu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Ondokuz Mayis University , Samsun , Turkey and
| | - Ayse Zehra Ozdemir
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Ondokuz Mayis University , Samsun , Turkey and
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Potential of pre–gestational intake of Laportea interrupta L. (stinging nettle) leaf decoction as an aid for fetal–maternal health. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s2305-0500(15)30001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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96
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Sanchis EG, Cristofolini AL, Merkis CI. Porcine placental immunoexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor, placenta growth factor, Flt-1 and Flk-1. Biotech Histochem 2015; 90:486-94. [DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2015.1019927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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97
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Bergen NE, Bouwland-Both MI, Steegers-Theunissen RPM, Hofman A, Russcher H, Lindemans J, Jaddoe VWV, Steegers EAP. Early pregnancy maternal and fetal angiogenic factors and fetal and childhood growth: the Generation R Study. Hum Reprod 2015; 30:1302-13. [PMID: 25854264 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What are the effects of maternal and fetal soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) and placental growth factor (PlGF) concentrations on fetal and childhood growth patterns? SUMMARY ANSWER An angiogenic profile that is characterized by both low early pregnancy maternal sFlt-1 and PlGF concentrations and higher sFlt-1 concentrations, lower PlGF concentrations or a higher sFlt-1:PlGF ratio in umbilical cord blood is associated with a reduced fetal and childhood growth. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY An imbalance in maternal and fetal sFlt-1 and PlGF concentrations has been suggested to affect pregnancy outcomes. However, their effects on longitudinal fetal and childhood growth remain largely unknown. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This study was performed in 5980 mothers and 4108 of their children, participating in the Generation R Study; a population-based prospective cohort study from fetal life onwards in Rotterdam, the Netherlands (2001-2005). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Blood samples were obtained from mothers in early and mid-pregnancy and from the umbilical vein at delivery. Fetal and childhood growth characteristics (weight and length) were measured repeatedly by ultrasound and physical examinations until the age of 6 years. We assessed the associations of maternal and fetal angiogenic factors with fetal and childhood growth using repeated measurement regression models. Logistic regression models were used to determine associations between angiogenic factors and small for gestational age at birth (SGA). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Compared with early pregnancy maternal sFlt-1 concentrations in the lowest quintile, early pregnancy maternal sFlt-1 concentrations in the highest quintile were associated with a higher fetal weight growth resulting in a higher birthweight (difference in birthweight 0.33 standard deviation score (SDS); 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.25-0.41), a lower risk of SGA (Odds Ratio (OR) 0.36; 95% CI 0.27-0.48) and a subsequent higher weight growth until the age of 6 years. Early pregnancy maternal PlGF concentrations in the lowest quintile were associated with a reduced weight growth pattern resulting in a smaller birthweight (difference in birthweight -0.34 SDS; 95% CI -0.44, -0.25), an increased risk of SGA (OR 3.48; 95% CI 2.39-5.08) and a lower weight growth throughout childhood. An early pregnancy maternal sFlt-1:PlGF ratio in the highest quintile was associated with a higher fetal weight growth pattern from 30 weeks onwards, resulting in a higher weight at birth (difference in birthweight 0.09 SDS; P-value <0.05), which remained present until the age of 2 years. Newborns with higher umbilical cord sFlt-1 concentrations, lower PlGF concentrations or a higher sFlt-1:PlGF ratio showed a lower fetal and childhood weight growth from 30 weeks gestation onwards until the age of 6 years (P-value <0.05). Similar patterns were observed in relation to fetal and childhood length growth. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The study is an observational study. Therefore, no causal relationships can be established. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Both a maternal and fetal angiogenic imbalance may affect fetal and childhood growth. Changes in angiogenic profiles may be involved in the pathways linking fetal growth restriction with the long-term risk of vascular disease in adulthood. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS The first phase of the Generation R Study is made possible by financial support from The Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Erasmus University Rotterdam, and the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw 21000074). V.W.V.J. received additional grants from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw VIDI). M.I.B.-B. is financially supported by the Bo Hjelt foundation (grant 2009). The authors have no competing interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Bergen
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, The Netherlands Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, The Netherlands
| | - M I Bouwland-Both
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, The Netherlands Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, The Netherlands
| | - R P M Steegers-Theunissen
- Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, The Netherlands Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, The Netherlands
| | - A Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, The Netherlands
| | - H Russcher
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, The Netherlands
| | - J Lindemans
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, The Netherlands
| | - V W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, The Netherlands Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, The Netherlands Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, The Netherlands
| | - E A P Steegers
- Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, PO Box 2040, 3000 Rotterdam, CA, The Netherlands
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Gishti O, Jaddoe VW, Felix JF, Reiss I, Hofman A, Ikram MK, Steegers EA, Gaillard R. Influence of Maternal Angiogenic Factors During Pregnancy on Microvascular Structure in School-Age Children. Hypertension 2015; 65:722-8. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.05008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olta Gishti
- From the Generation R Study Group (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., R.G.), and Departments of Pediatrics (O.G., V.W.V.J., I.R., R.G.), Epidemiology (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., A.H., R.G.), Ophthalmology (M.K.I.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.P.S.), and Neonatology (I.R.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore (M.K.I.); and Memory Aging & Cognition
| | - Vincent W.V. Jaddoe
- From the Generation R Study Group (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., R.G.), and Departments of Pediatrics (O.G., V.W.V.J., I.R., R.G.), Epidemiology (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., A.H., R.G.), Ophthalmology (M.K.I.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.P.S.), and Neonatology (I.R.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore (M.K.I.); and Memory Aging & Cognition
| | - Janine F. Felix
- From the Generation R Study Group (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., R.G.), and Departments of Pediatrics (O.G., V.W.V.J., I.R., R.G.), Epidemiology (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., A.H., R.G.), Ophthalmology (M.K.I.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.P.S.), and Neonatology (I.R.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore (M.K.I.); and Memory Aging & Cognition
| | - Irwin Reiss
- From the Generation R Study Group (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., R.G.), and Departments of Pediatrics (O.G., V.W.V.J., I.R., R.G.), Epidemiology (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., A.H., R.G.), Ophthalmology (M.K.I.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.P.S.), and Neonatology (I.R.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore (M.K.I.); and Memory Aging & Cognition
| | - Albert Hofman
- From the Generation R Study Group (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., R.G.), and Departments of Pediatrics (O.G., V.W.V.J., I.R., R.G.), Epidemiology (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., A.H., R.G.), Ophthalmology (M.K.I.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.P.S.), and Neonatology (I.R.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore (M.K.I.); and Memory Aging & Cognition
| | - Mohammad Kamran Ikram
- From the Generation R Study Group (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., R.G.), and Departments of Pediatrics (O.G., V.W.V.J., I.R., R.G.), Epidemiology (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., A.H., R.G.), Ophthalmology (M.K.I.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.P.S.), and Neonatology (I.R.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore (M.K.I.); and Memory Aging & Cognition
| | - Eric A.P. Steegers
- From the Generation R Study Group (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., R.G.), and Departments of Pediatrics (O.G., V.W.V.J., I.R., R.G.), Epidemiology (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., A.H., R.G.), Ophthalmology (M.K.I.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.P.S.), and Neonatology (I.R.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore (M.K.I.); and Memory Aging & Cognition
| | - Romy Gaillard
- From the Generation R Study Group (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., R.G.), and Departments of Pediatrics (O.G., V.W.V.J., I.R., R.G.), Epidemiology (O.G., V.W.V.J., J.F.F., A.H., R.G.), Ophthalmology (M.K.I.), Obstetrics and Gynecology (E.A.P.S.), and Neonatology (I.R.), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Singapore Eye Research Institute and Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore (M.K.I.); and Memory Aging & Cognition
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Rath G, Aggarwal R, Jawanjal P, Tripathi R, Batra A. HIF-1 Alpha and Placental Growth Factor in Pregnancies Complicated With Preeclampsia: A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis. J Clin Lab Anal 2014; 30:75-83. [PMID: 25545166 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.21819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of preeclampsia is not clearly understood worldwide. Hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is thought to be the preliminary factor for the hypoxic conditions prevailing in preeclampsia, which causes imbalance in the expression of angiogenic proteins. A proangiogenic protein, placental growth factor (PIGF), is reported to be dysregulated in preeclampsia. Therefore, this study focuses on the investigation of HIF-1α and PIGF in preeclamptic conditions and a possible molecular association between them. METHODS Placental tissue (n = 45 + 45) and serum samples (n = 80 + 80) of preeclamptic patients and healthy control were collected and processed for the analysis of HIF-1α and PIGF by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS In preeclamptic group, the significant nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of HIF-1α was noticed in syncytiotrophoblast (P = 0.0001) but in control placenta, it was localized to cytoplasm (P = 0.0001). The intensity of PIGF expression was lower in syncytiotrophoblast cytoplasm (P = 0.0001) in preeclamptic cases as compared with control. Also, the significant upregulated concentration of HIF-1α and downregulated PIGF was observed in serum samples of preeclamptic woman (P = 0.0001). Thus, there was a significant direct negative correlation between HIF-1α and PIGF both at tissue and serum level (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The direct inverse association between HIF-1α and PIGF in serum and placental tissues may be responsible for the low oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, leading to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Rath
- Department of Anatomy, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruby Aggarwal
- Department of Anatomy, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Poonam Jawanjal
- Department of Anatomy, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Richa Tripathi
- Department of Anatomy, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Aruna Batra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
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100
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Gene expression alterations in chronic hypoxic MCF7 breast cancer cell line. Genomics 2014; 104:477-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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