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Masaki T, Habara M, Hanaki S, Sato Y, Tomiyasu H, Miki Y, Shimada M. Calcineurin-mediated dephosphorylation enhances the stability and transactivation of c-Myc. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13116. [PMID: 37573463 PMCID: PMC10423207 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
c-Myc, a transcription factor, induces cell proliferation and is often aberrantly or highly expressed in cancers. However, molecular mechanisms underlying this aberrantly high expression remain unclear. Here, we found that intracellular Ca2+ concentration regulates c-Myc oncoprotein stability. We identified that calcineurin, a Ca2+-dependent protein phosphatase, is a positive regulator of c-Myc expression. Calcineurin depletion suppresses c-Myc targeted gene expression and c-Myc degradation. Calcineurin directly dephosphorylates Thr58 and Ser62 in c-Myc, which inhibit binding to the ubiquitin ligase Fbxw7. Mutations within the autoinhibitory domain of calcineurin, most frequently observed in cancer, may increase phosphatase activity, increasing c-Myc transcriptional activity in turn. Notably, calcineurin inhibition with FK506 decreased c-Myc expression with enhanced Thr58 and Ser62 phosphorylation in a mouse xenograft model. Thus, calcineurin can stabilize c-Myc, promoting tumor progression. Therefore, we propose that Ca2+ signaling dysfunction affects cancer-cell proliferation via increased c-Myc stability and that calcineurin inhibition could be a new therapeutic target of c-Myc-overexpressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Masaki
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Makoto Habara
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Hanaki
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Haruki Tomiyasu
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Yosei Miki
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan
| | - Midori Shimada
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, 753-8511, Japan.
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Zhang X, Cong X, Jin X, Liu Y, Zhang T, Fan X, Shi X, Zhang X, Wang X, Yang YG, Dai X. Deficiency of BAP1 inhibits neuroblastoma tumorigenesis through destabilization of MYCN. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:504. [PMID: 37543638 PMCID: PMC10404282 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06030-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor MYCN is frequently amplified and overexpressed in a variety of cancers including high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) and promotes tumor cell proliferation, survival, and migration. Therefore, MYCN is being pursued as an attractive therapeutic target for selective inhibition of its upstream regulators because MYCN is considered a "undruggable" target. Thus, it is important to explore the upstream regulators for the transcription and post-translational modification of MYCN. Here, we report that BRCA1-associated protein-1 (BAP1) promotes deubiquitination and subsequent stabilization of MYCN by directly binding to MYCN protein. Furthermore, BAP1 knockdown inhibits NB tumor cells growth and migration in vitro and in vivo, which can be rescued partially by ectopic expression of MYCN. Importantly, depletion of BAP1 confers cellular resistance to bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) protein inhibitor JQ1 and Aurora A kinase inhibitor Alisertib. Furthermore, IHC results of NB tissue array confirmed the positive correlation between BAP1 and MYCN protein. Altogether, our work not only uncovers an oncogenic function of BAP1 by stabilizing MYCN, but also reveals a critical mechanism for the post-translational regulation of MYCN in NB. Our findings further indicate that BAP1 could be a potential therapeutic target for MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Xianling Cong
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangting Jin
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu'e Liu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinyuan Fan
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiyao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong-Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Xiangpeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Mark KG, Kolla S, Aguirre JD, Garshott DM, Schmitt S, Haakonsen DL, Xu C, Kater L, Kempf G, Martínez-González B, Akopian D, See SK, Thomä NH, Rapé M. Orphan quality control shapes network dynamics and gene expression. Cell 2023; 186:3460-3475.e23. [PMID: 37478862 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
All eukaryotes require intricate protein networks to translate developmental signals into accurate cell fate decisions. Mutations that disturb interactions between network components often result in disease, but how the composition and dynamics of complex networks are established remains poorly understood. Here, we identify the E3 ligase UBR5 as a signaling hub that helps degrade unpaired subunits of multiple transcriptional regulators that act within a network centered on the c-Myc oncoprotein. Biochemical and structural analyses show that UBR5 binds motifs that only become available upon complex dissociation. By rapidly turning over unpaired transcription factor subunits, UBR5 establishes dynamic interactions between transcriptional regulators that allow cells to effectively execute gene expression while remaining receptive to environmental signals. We conclude that orphan quality control plays an essential role in establishing dynamic protein networks, which may explain the conserved need for protein degradation during transcription and offers opportunities to modulate gene expression in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin G Mark
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - SriDurgaDevi Kolla
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jacob D Aguirre
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danielle M Garshott
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Schmitt
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Diane L Haakonsen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Christina Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Lukas Kater
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Georg Kempf
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Brenda Martínez-González
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - David Akopian
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie K See
- Center for Emerging and Neglected Diseases, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Nicolas H Thomä
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Michael Rapé
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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54
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Guo L, Gu Z. F-ATP synthase inhibitory factor 1 regulates metabolic reprogramming involving its interaction with c-Myc and PGC1α. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1207603. [PMID: 37469400 PMCID: PMC10352482 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1207603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
F-ATP synthase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) is an intrinsic inhibitor of F-ATP synthase. It is known that IF1 mediates metabolic phenotypes and cell fate, yet the molecular mechanisms through which IF1 fulfills its physiological functions are not fully understood. Ablation of IF1 favors metabolic switch to oxidative metabolism from glycolysis. c-Myc and PGC1α are critical for metabolic reprogramming. This work identified that IF1 interacted with Thr-58 phosphorylated c-Myc, which might thus mediate the activity of c-Myc and promote glycolysis. The interaction of IF1 with PGC1α inhibited oxidative respiration. c-Myc and PGC1α were localized to mitochondria under mitochondrial stress in an IF1-dependent manner. Furthermore, IF1 was found to be required for the protective effect of hypoxia on c-Myc- and PGC1α-induced cell death. This study suggested that the interactions of IF1 with transcription factors c-Myc and PGC1α might be involved in IF1-regulatory metabolic reprogramming and cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishu Guo
- Center for Mitochondrial Genetics and Health, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), Fudan University, Guangzhou, China
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenglong Gu
- Center for Mitochondrial Genetics and Health, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), Fudan University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhou Y, Yan H, Zhou Q, Wang P, Yang F, Yuan Z, Du Q, Zhai B. CCNB1IP1 prevents ubiquitination-mediated destabilization of MYCN and potentiates tumourigenesis of MYCN-amplificated neuroblastoma. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1328. [PMID: 37461251 PMCID: PMC10352605 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MYCN amplification as a common genetic alteration that correlates with a poor prognosis for neuroblastoma (NB) patients. However, given the challenge of directly targeting MYCN, indirect strategies to modulate MYCN by interfering with its cofactors are attractive in NB treatment. Although cyclin B1 interacting protein 1 (CCNB1IP1) has been found to be upregulated in MYCN-driven mouse NB tissues, its regulation with MYCN and collaboration in driving the biological behaviour of NB remains unknown. METHODS To evaluate the expression and clinical significance of CCNB1IP1 in NB patients, public datasets, clinical NB samples and cell lines were explored. MTT, EdU incorporation, colony and tumour sphere formation assays, and a mouse xenograft tumour model were utilized to examine the biological function of CCNB1IP1. The reciprocal manipulation of CCNB1IP1 and MYCN and the underlying mechanisms involved were investigated by gain- and loss-of-function approaches, dual-luciferase assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments. RESULTS CCNB1IP1 was upregulated in MYCN-amplified (MYCN-AM) NB cell lines and patients-derived tumour tissues, which was associated with poor prognosis. Phenotypic studies revealed that CCNB1IP1 facilitated the proliferation and tumourigenicity of NB cells in cooperation with MYCN in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, MYCN directly mediates the transcription of CCNB1IP1, which in turn attenuated the ubiquitination and degradation of MYCN protein, thus enhancing CCNB1IP1-MYCN cooperativity. Moreover, CCNB1IP1 competed with F box/WD-40 domain protein 7 (FBXW7) for MYCN binding and enabled MYCN-mediated tumourigenesis in a C-terminal domain-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed a previously uncharacterized mechanism of CCNB1IP1-mediated MYCN protein stability and will provide new prospects for precise treatment of MYCN-AM NB based on MYCN-CCNB1IP1 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Diseases, Henan Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Diseases, Henan Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Diseases, Henan Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Penggao Wang
- Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Diseases, Henan Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Diseases, Henan Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziqiao Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qianming Du
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- School of Basic Medicine & Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhai
- Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Diseases, Henan Key Laboratory of Pediatric Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Chan DKH, Mandal A, Hester S, Yu Z, Higgins GS, Kessler BM, Fischer R, Buczacki SJA. Biallelic FBXW7 knockout induces AKAP8-mediated DNA damage in neighbouring wildtype cells. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:200. [PMID: 37386001 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01494-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer possesses marked intratumoral heterogeneity. While subclonal interactions between Vogelstein driver mutations have been extensively studied, less is known about competitive or cooperative effects between subclonal populations with other cancer driver mutations. FBXW7 is a cancer driver mutation which is present in close to 17% of colorectal cancer cells. In this study, we generated isogenic FBXW7 mutant cells using CRISPR-Cas9. We identified an upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation and DNA damage in FBXW7 mutant cells, which surprisingly proliferated at a decreased rate compared to wildtype cells. To determine subclonal interactions, wildtype and mutant FBXW7 cells were cocultured using a Transwell system. Wildtype cells cocultured with FBXW7 mutant cells similarly developed DNA damage which was not observed when wildtype cells were co-cultured with other wildtype cells, suggesting that FBXW7 mutant cells were inducing DNA damage in neighbouring wildtype cells. Using mass spectrometry, we identified AKAP8 as being secreted by FBXW7 mutant cells into the coculture media. Furthermore, overexpression of AKAP8 in wildtype cells recapitulated the DNA damage phenotype observed during coculture, while co-culture of wildtype cells with double mutant FBXW7-/-/AKAP8-/- cells abrogated the DNA damage phenotype. Here, we describe a hitherto unknown phenomenon of AKAP8-mediated DNA damage from FBXW7 mutant to neighbouring wildtype cells. Our findings demonstrate the importance of elucidating the local effect of cancer driver mutations between subclonal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dedrick Kok Hong Chan
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amit Mandal
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Svenja Hester
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zhanru Yu
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Benedikt Mathias Kessler
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Bhardwaj N, Das G, Srinivasan R. Neuroblastoma-derived v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral related oncogene or MYCN gene. J Clin Pathol 2023:jcp-2022-208476. [PMID: 37221048 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2022-208476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The MYCN gene belongs to the MYC family of transcription factors. Amplification of MYCN, first discovered in neuroblastoma cells, ushered in the era of cancer genomics. The MYCN gene and MYCN protein are extensively studied in the context of neuroblastoma. As demonstrated in transgenic mouse models, MYCN gene shows a restricted spatiotemporal expression predominantly in the neural crest cells which explains the associated neoplasms including neuroblastoma and central nervous system tumours. In neuroblastoma, MYCN amplification is a marker of aggressive tumours with poor prognosis and survival and forms the basis of risk stratification classifications.MYCN dysregulated expression occurs by several mechanisms at the transcriptional, translational and post-translational levels. These include massive gene amplification which occurs in an extrachromosomal location, upregulated transcription and stabilisation of the protein increasing its half-life. MYCN protein, a basic loop-helix-loop leucine zipper transcription factor, has many regions which bind to several proteins foremost of which is MAX forming the MYC:MAX heterodimer. Overall, MYCN controls multiple aspects of cell fate, foremost of which is cellular proliferation besides cell differentiation, apoptosis and cellular metabolism, all of which are the focus of this brief review. In addition to amplification, other mechanisms of MYCN overexpression include activating missense mutations as reported in basal cell carcinoma and Wilms tumour. A better understanding of this molecule will help in the discovery of novel strategies for its indirect targeting to improve the outcomes of patients with neuroblastoma and other MYCN-associated neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Bhardwaj
- Department of Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gargi Das
- Medical Oncology (Pediatric Oncology), Cancer Institute-WIA, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Radhika Srinivasan
- Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Wei W, Qin B, Wen W, Zhang B, Luo H, Wang Y, Xu H, Xie X, Liu S, Jiang X, Wang M, Tang Q, Zhang J, Yang R, Fan Z, Lyu H, Lin J, Li K, Lee MH. FBXW7β loss-of-function enhances FASN-mediated lipogenesis and promotes colorectal cancer growth. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:187. [PMID: 37202390 PMCID: PMC10195794 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Continuous de novo fatty acid synthesis is required for the biosynthetic demands of tumor. FBXW7 is a highly mutated gene in CRC, but its biological functions in cancer are not fully characterized. Here, we report that FBXW7β, a FBXW7 isoform located in the cytoplasm and frequently mutated in CRC, is an E3 ligase of fatty acid synthase (FASN). Cancer-specific FBXW7β mutations that could not degrade FASN can lead to sustained lipogenesis in CRC. COP9 signalosome subunit 6 (CSN6), an oncogenic marker of CRC, increases lipogenesis via interacting with and stabilizing FASN. Mechanistic studies show that CSN6 associates with both FBXW7β and FASN, and antagonizes FBXW7β's activity by enhancing FBXW7β autoubiquitination and degradation, which in turn prevents FBXW7β-mediated FASN ubiquitination and degradation, thereby regulating lipogenesis positively. Both CSN6 and FASN are positively correlated in CRC, and CSN6-FASN axis, regulated by EGF, is responsible for poor prognosis of CRC. The EGF-CSN6-FASN axis promotes tumor growth and implies a treatment strategy of combination of orlistat and cetuximab. Patient-derived xenograft experiments prove the effectiveness of employing orlistat and cetuximab combination in suppressing tumor growth for CSN6/FASN-high CRC. Thus, CSN6-FASN axis reprograms lipogenesis to promote tumor growth and is a target for cancer intervening strategy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Baifu Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Weijie Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Boyu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Haidan Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yuzhi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Xiaoshan Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Sicheng Liu
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Mengan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Qin Tang
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Runxiang Yang
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Zongmin Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Haiwen Lyu
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Junzhong Lin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Kai Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Mong-Hong Lee
- Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
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Al Hinai M, Malgundkar SH, Gupta I, Lakhtakia R, Al Kalbani M, Burney I, Al Moundhri M, Okamoto A, Tamimi Y. Epigenetic status of FBXW7 gene and its role in Ovarian cancer pathogenesis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:1583-1590. [PMID: 37247277 PMCID: PMC10495899 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.5.1583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis revealed that the FBXW7 gene and the long non-coding RNA (LINC01588) are potential candidates in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) pathogenesis. However, their exact role in EOC is not yet known. Thus, the present study sheds light on the impact of the mutations/ methylation status of the FBXW7 gene. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used public databases to assess the correlation between mutations/ methylation status and the FBXW7 expression. Furthermore, we performed Pearson's correlation analysis between the FBXW7 gene and LINC01588. We performed gene panel exome sequencing and Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) in HOSE 6-3, MCAS, OVSAHO, and eight EOC patients' samples to validate the bioinformatics results. RESULTS The FBXW7 gene was less expressed in EOC, particularly in stages III and IV, compared to healthy tissues. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis, gene panel exome sequencing, and MSP revealed that the FBXW7 gene is neither mutated nor methylated in EOC cell lines and tissues, suggesting alternative mechanisms for FBXW7 gene regulation. Interestingly, Pearson's correlation analysis showed an inverse, significant correlation between the FBXW7 gene and LINC01588 expression, suggesting a potential regulatory role of LINC01588. CONCLUSION Neither mutations nor methylation is the causative mechanism for the FBXW7 downregulation in EOC, suggesting alternative means involving the lncRNA LINC01588.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ritu Lakhtakia
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE.
| | - Moza Al Kalbani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman.
| | - Ikram Burney
- Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre. Muscat, Oman.
| | | | - Aikou Okamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yahya Tamimi
- Department of Biochemistry, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman.
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60
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Saha G, Roy S, Basu M, Ghosh MK. USP7 - a crucial regulator of cancer hallmarks. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188903. [PMID: 37127084 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the course of three decades of study, the deubiquitinase Herpesvirus associated Ubiquitin-Specific Protease/Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 7 (HAUSP/USP7) has gradually come to be recognized as a crucially important molecule in cellular physiology. The fact that USP7 is overexpressed in a number of cancers, including breast, prostate, colorectal, and lung cancers, supports the idea that USP7 is also an important regulator of tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss USP7's function in relation to the cancer hallmarks described by Hanahan and Weinberg. This post-translational modifier can support increased proliferation, block unfavorable growth signals, stop cell death, and support an unstable cellular genome by manipulating key players in the pertinent signalling circuit. It is interesting to note that USP7 also aids in the stabilization of molecules that support angiogenesis and metastasis. Targeting USP7 has now emerged as a crucial component of USP7 research because pharmacological inhibition of USP7 supports p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Efficacious USP7 inhibition is currently being investigated in both synthetic and natural compounds, but issues with selectivity and a lack of co-crystal structure have hindered USP7 inhibition from being tested in clinical settings. Moreover, the development of new, more effective USP7 inhibitors and their encouraging implications by numerous groups give us a glimmer of hope for USP7-targeting medications as effective substitutes for hazardous cancer chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouranga Saha
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, PIN - 700032, India
| | - Srija Roy
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, PIN - 700032, India
| | - Malini Basu
- Department of Microbiology, Dhruba Chand Halder College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, PIN - 743372, India
| | - Mrinal K Ghosh
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, PIN - 700032, India.
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61
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Wang Y, Ju L, Wang G, Qian K, Jin W, Li M, Yu J, Shi Y, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Xiao Y, Wang X. DNA polymerase POLD1 promotes proliferation and metastasis of bladder cancer by stabilizing MYC. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2421. [PMID: 37105989 PMCID: PMC10140023 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38160-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, most studies on the DNA polymerase, POLD1, have focused on the effect of POLD1 inactivation mutations in tumors. However, the implications of high POLD1 expression in tumorigenesis remains elusive. Here, we determine that POLD1 has a pro-carcinogenic role in bladder cancer (BLCA) and is associated to the malignancy and prognosis of BLCA. Our studies demonstrate that POLD1 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of BLCA via MYC. Mechanistically, POLD1 stabilizes MYC in a manner independent of its' DNA polymerase activity. Instead, POLD1 attenuates FBXW7-mediated ubiquitination degradation of MYC by directly binding to the MYC homology box 1 domain competitively with FBXW7. Moreover, we find that POLD1 forms a complex with MYC to promote the transcriptional activity of MYC. In turn, MYC increases expression of POLD1, forming a POLD1-MYC positive feedback loop to enhance the pro-carcinogenic effect of POLD1-MYC on BLCA. Overall, our study identifies POLD1 as a promotor of BCLA via a MYC driven mechanism and suggest its potential as biomarker for BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejinpeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingao Ju
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiyu Qian
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Wan Jin
- Euler Technology, ZGC Life Sciences Park, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingtian Yu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiliang Shi
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongzhi Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Euler Technology, ZGC Life Sciences Park, Beijing, China.
- Center for Quantitative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Institute of Urology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Feng L, Ding R, Qu X, Li Y, Shen T, Wang L, Li R, Zhang J, Ru Y, Bu X, Wang Y, Li M, Song W, Shen L, Zhang P. BCR-ABL triggers a glucose-dependent survival program during leukemogenesis through the suppression of TXNIP. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:287. [PMID: 37095099 PMCID: PMC10125982 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05811-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Imatinib is highly effective in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), but the primary and acquired imatinib resistance remains the big hurdle. Molecular mechanisms for CML resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, beyond point mutations in BCR-ABL kinase domain, still need to be addressed. Here, we demonstrated that thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is a novel BCR-ABL target gene. Suppression of TXNIP was responsible for BCR-ABL triggered glucose metabolic reprogramming and mitochondrial homeostasis. Mechanistically, Miz-1/P300 complex transactivates TXNIP through the recognition of TXNIP core promoter region, responding to the c-Myc suppression by either imatinib or BCR-ABL knockdown. TXNIP restoration sensitizes CML cells to imatinib treatment and compromises imatinib resistant CML cell survival, predominantly through the blockage of both glycolysis and glucose oxidation which results in the mitochondrial dysfunction and ATP production. In particular, TXNIP suppresses expressions of the key glycolytic enzyme, hexokinase 2 (HK2), and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), potentially through Fbw7-dependent c-Myc degradation. In accordance, BCR-ABL suppression of TXNIP provided a novel survival pathway for the transformation of mouse bone marrow cells. Knockout of TXNIP accelerated BCR-ABL transformation, whereas TXNIP overexpression suppressed this transformation. Combination of drug inducing TXNIP expression with imatinib synergistically kills CML cells from patients and further extends the survival of CML mice. Thus, the activation of TXNIP represents an effective strategy for CML treatment to overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Ruxin Ding
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuan Qu
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Yuanchun Li
- Department of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tong Shen
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xi'an International Medical Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Xi'an Beihuan Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruikai Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Ru
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Bu
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Tongchuan People's Hospital, Tongchuan, China
| | - Min Li
- Xi'an Eastern Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenqi Song
- Jiamusi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Pengxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China.
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63
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Zhan Q, Wang J, Zhang H, Zhang L. E3 ubiquitin ligase on the biological properties of hematopoietic stem cell. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:543-556. [PMID: 37081103 PMCID: PMC10163092 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02315-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells are a group of heterogeneity cells with the potential to differentiate into various types of mature blood cells. Their basic biological properties include quiescence, self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and homing ability, with the homing of exogenous hematopoietic stem cells after transplantation becoming a new focus, while the first three properties share some similarity in mechanism due to connectivity. In various complex mechanisms, the role of E3 ubiquitin ligases in hematopoietic homeostasis and malignant transformation is receiving increasing attention. As a unique part, E3 ubiquitin ligases play an important role in physiological regulation mechanism of posttranslational modification. In this review, we focus on the recent progress of the crucial role of E3 ubiquitin ligases that target specific proteins for ubiquitination to regulate biological properties of hematopoietic stem cells. Additionally, this paper deals with E3 ubiquitin ligases that affect the biological properties through aging and summarizes the relevant applications of targeting E3 ligases in hematopoietic malignancies. We present some ideas on the clinical application of E3 ubiquitin ligase to regulate hematopoietic stem cells and also believe that it is meaningful to study the upstream signal of these E3 ubiquitin ligases because hematopoietic stem cell dysfunction is caused by deficiency of some E3 ligases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianru Zhan
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Heyang Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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64
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Ni T, Chu Z, Tao L, Zhao Y, Zhu M, Luo Y, Sunagawa M, Wang H, Liu Y. PTBP1 drives c-Myc-dependent gastric cancer progression and stemness. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1005-1018. [PMID: 36635500 PMCID: PMC10006230 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02118-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) tumorigenesis and treatment failure are caused by cancer stem cells. Polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1) was shown to be involved in the development of embryonic stem cells and is now being considered as a therapeutic target for tumour progression and stem-cell characteristics. METHODS PTBP1 expression in GC samples was detected using tissue microarrays. Proliferation, colony formation, spheroid formation and stem-cell analysis were used to examine PTBP1's role in tumorigenesis and stem-cell maintenance. In AGS and HGC-27 cells with or without PTBP1 deficiency, ubiquitin-related protein expression and co-precipitation assays were performed. RESULTS We identified that PTBP1 was aberrantly highly expressed and represented a novel prognostic factor in GC patients. PTBP1 maintained the tumorigenic activity and stem-cell characteristics of GC in vitro and in vivo. PTBP1 directly interacts with c-Myc and stabilises its protein levels by preventing its proteasomal degradation. This is mediated by upregulating the ubiquitin-specific proteases USP28 and limiting FBW7-mediated ubiquitination of c-Myc. Moreover, the depletion of PTBP1-caused tumour regression was significantly compromised by exogenous c-Myc expression. CONCLUSIONS By preserving the stability of c-Myc through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, the oncogene PTBP1 supports stem-cell-like phenotypes of GC and is involved in GC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyang Ni
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, 225001, Yangzhou, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 225001, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Zewen Chu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, 225001, Yangzhou, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 225001, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Li Tao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, 225001, Yangzhou, PR China.,Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, 225001, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, 225001, Yangzhou, PR China.,Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, 225001, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Zhu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, 225001, Yangzhou, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 225001, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Luo
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, 225001, Yangzhou, PR China.,The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 225001, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Masataka Sunagawa
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142, Japan
| | - Haibo Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, 225001, Yangzhou, PR China. .,The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 225001, Yangzhou, PR China.
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, 225001, Yangzhou, PR China. .,The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 225001, Yangzhou, PR China.
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65
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Jiménez-Izquierdo R, Morrugares R, Suanes-Cobos L, Correa-Sáez A, Garrido-Rodríguez M, Cerero-Tejero L, Khan OM, de la Luna S, Sancho R, Calzado MA. FBXW7 tumor suppressor regulation by dualspecificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:202. [PMID: 36934104 PMCID: PMC10024693 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
FBXW7 is a member of the F-box protein family, which functions as the substrate recognition component of the SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase. FBXW7 is a main tumor suppressor due to its ability to control proteasome-mediated degradation of several oncoproteins such as c-Jun, c-Myc, Cyclin E1, mTOR, and Notch1-IC. FBXW7 inactivation in human cancers results from a somatic mutation or downregulation of its protein levels. This work describes a novel regulatory mechanism for FBXW7 dependent on the serine/threonine protein kinase DYRK2. We show that DYRK2 interacts with and phosphorylates FBXW7 resulting in its proteasome-mediated degradation. DYRK2-dependent FBXW7 destabilization is independent of its ubiquitin ligase activity. The functional analysis demonstrates the existence of DYRK2-dependent regulatory mechanisms for key FBXW7 substrates. Finally, we provide evidence indicating that DYRK2-dependent regulation of FBXW7 protein accumulation contributes to cytotoxic effects in response to chemotherapy agents such as Doxorubicin or Paclitaxel in colorectal cancer cell lines and to BET inhibitors in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. Altogether, this work reveals a new regulatory axis, DYRK2/FBXW7, which provides an understanding of the role of these two proteins in tumor progression and DNA damage responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Jiménez-Izquierdo
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rosario Morrugares
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Lucía Suanes-Cobos
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alejandro Correa-Sáez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Martín Garrido-Rodríguez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Laura Cerero-Tejero
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Omar M Khan
- Hamad Bin Khalifa University, College of Health and Life Sciences Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Susana de la Luna
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rocío Sancho
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, SE10 9RT, UK
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco A Calzado
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain.
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
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Ke M, Sun N, Lin Z, Zhang P, Hu Y, Wu S, Zheng Z, Lu Y, Jin H. SNHG18 inhibits bladder cancer cell proliferation by increasing p21 transcription through destabilizing c-Myc protein. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:48. [PMID: 36927398 PMCID: PMC10018893 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02887-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been confirmed to play important roles in various cancers including bladder cancer (BC). The precise expression pattern of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 18 (SNHG18) in BC and its mechanisms of action have not been fully explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of SNHG18 was evaluated by RT-qPCR in bladder cancer clinical samples and human bladder cancer cell lines, and stable cell lines overexpressing SNHG18 were constructed. The effect of SNHG18 on the proliferation of bladder cancer cells was detected by soft agar colony formation test, ATP activity test and subcutaneous tumorigenesis model in nude mice. The specific mechanism of SNHG18 inhibition of bladder cancer proliferation was studied by flow cytometry, western blotting, dual luciferase reporter gene assay and protein degradation assay. RESULTS We found that SNHG18 is significantly downregulated in BC tissues and cell lines. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that SNHG18 expression is positively correlated with survival in BC patients. Ectopic overexpression of SNHG18 significantly inhibited the proliferation of BC cells in vitro and in vivo. Further mechanistic investigations demonstrated that SNHG18 inhibited c-Myc expression by modulating the ubiquitination-proteasome pathway and that c-Myc is the critical transcription factor that mediates SNHG18 inhibition of BC growth by directly binding to the p21 promoter, which was attributed with significant p21 accumulation. CONCLUSIONS SNHG18 promotes the transcription and expression of p21 by inhibiting c-Myc expression, leading to G0-G1 arrest and inhibiting the proliferation of bladder cancer cells. These findings highlight a novel cell cycle regulatory mechanism involving the SNHG18/c-Myc/p21 pathway in BC pathogenesis and could potentially lead to new lncRNA-based diagnostics and/or therapeutics for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixia Ke
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.,Clinical Laboratory, Dongyang People's Hospital, Dongyang, 322100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenni Lin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuilian Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhijian Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongyong Lu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Honglei Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
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Pang Y, Lu T, Xu-Monette ZY, Young KH. Metabolic Reprogramming and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Lymphoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065493. [PMID: 36982568 PMCID: PMC10052731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of diseases that often require their metabolism program to fulfill the demand of cell proliferation. Features of metabolism in lymphoma cells include high glucose uptake, deregulated expression of enzymes related to glycolysis, dual capacity for glycolytic and oxidative metabolism, elevated glutamine metabolism, and fatty acid synthesis. These aberrant metabolic changes lead to tumorigenesis, disease progression, and resistance to lymphoma chemotherapy. This metabolic reprogramming, including glucose, nucleic acid, fatty acid, and amino acid metabolism, is a dynamic process caused not only by genetic and epigenetic changes, but also by changes in the microenvironment affected by viral infections. Notably, some critical metabolic enzymes and metabolites may play vital roles in lymphomagenesis and progression. Recent studies have uncovered that metabolic pathways might have clinical impacts on the diagnosis, characterization, and treatment of lymphoma subtypes. However, determining the clinical relevance of biomarkers and therapeutic targets related to lymphoma metabolism is still challenging. In this review, we systematically summarize current studies on metabolism reprogramming in lymphoma, and we mainly focus on disorders of glucose, amino acids, and lipid metabolisms, as well as dysregulation of molecules in metabolic pathways, oncometabolites, and potential metabolic biomarkers. We then discuss strategies directly or indirectly for those potential therapeutic targets. Finally, we prospect the future directions of lymphoma treatment on metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Pang
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Hematology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Tingxun Lu
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Zijun Y. Xu-Monette
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ken H. Young
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-919-668-7568; Fax: +1-919-684-1856
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68
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Abolhasani S, Hejazian SS, Karpisheh V, Khodakarami A, Mohammadi H, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. The role of SF3B1 and NOTCH1 in the pathogenesis of leukemia. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:257-278. [PMID: 35848163 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of new genes/pathways improves our knowledge of cancer pathogenesis and presents novel potential therapeutic options. For instance, splicing factor 3b subunit 1 (SF3B1) and NOTCH1 genetic alterations have been identified at a high frequency in hematological malignancies, such as leukemia, and may be related to the prognosis of involved patients because they change the nature of malignancies in different ways like mediating therapeutic resistance; therefore, studying these gene/pathways is essential. This review aims to discuss SF3B1 and NOTCH1 roles in the pathogenesis of various types of leukemia and the therapeutic potential of targeting these genes or their mutations to provide a foundation for leukemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Abolhasani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Vahid Karpisheh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Khodakarami
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Bioclinicum, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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69
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Sampson C, Wang Q, Otkur W, Zhao H, Lu Y, Liu X, Piao H. The roles of E3 ubiquitin ligases in cancer progression and targeted therapy. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1204. [PMID: 36881608 PMCID: PMC9991012 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is one of the most important post-translational modifications which plays a significant role in conserving the homeostasis of cellular proteins. In the ubiquitination process, ubiquitin is conjugated to target protein substrates for degradation, translocation or activation, dysregulation of which is linked to several diseases including various types of cancers. E3 ubiquitin ligases are regarded as the most influential ubiquitin enzyme owing to their ability to select, bind and recruit target substrates for ubiquitination. In particular, E3 ligases are pivotal in the cancer hallmarks pathways where they serve as tumour promoters or suppressors. The specificity of E3 ligases coupled with their implication in cancer hallmarks engendered the development of compounds that specifically target E3 ligases for cancer therapy. In this review, we highlight the role of E3 ligases in cancer hallmarks such as sustained proliferation via cell cycle progression, immune evasion and tumour promoting inflammation, and in the evasion of apoptosis. In addition, we summarise the application and the role of small compounds that target E3 ligases for cancer treatment along with the significance of targeting E3 ligases as potential cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuzo Sampson
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qiuping Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianChina
| | - Wuxiyar Otkur
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianChina
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- Department of OrthopedicsDalian Second People's HospitalDalianChina
| | - Yun Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianChina
- Department of StomatologyDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianChina
| | - Hai‐long Piao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical ChemistryDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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70
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Feng J, Liu Y, Fang T, Zhu J, Wang G, Li J. Hematological and neurological expressed 1 (HN1) activates c-Myc signaling by inhibiting ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of c-Myc in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:560-572. [PMID: 36403281 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor prognosis due to the usually advanced stage at diagnosis. Sustained activation of the MYC oncogene is implicated in the development of HCC; however, the molecular mechanisms of MYC deregulation in HCC are poorly understood. Here, real-time PCR and western blotting were used to measure the expression of hematological and neurological expressed 1 (HN1) in HCC cells. Expression of HN1 and MYC in clinical specimens was analyzed using immunohistochemistry. The role of HN1 in HCC proliferation, migration, and invasion was explored in vitro and in vivo. MYC expression was measured using real-time PCR and western blotting. MYC transcriptional activity was assessed using a luciferase reporter system. Expression of MYC target genes was quantified using real-time PCR. Protein interaction between MYC and HN1 was assessed using co-immunoprecipitation and western blotting. We identified HN1 as a novel regulatory factor of the glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β-MYC axis. HN1 expression is elevated in liver tumor tissues and cells, and significantly correlates with poor survival in HCC patients. Upregulation of HN1 promotes, and silencing of HN1 represses, the proliferation and metastasis of liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, our results demonstrate that HN1 sustains stabilization and persistent activity of MYC via interaction with GSK3β in HCC. Importantly, the tumor-promoting effects of HN1 on HCC cells were attenuated by suppressing MYC. In conclusion, constitutive activation of MYC by HN1 promotes the progression of HCC; therefore, HN1 might be a novel therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutao Feng
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanmin Liu
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianling Fang
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinrong Zhu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoying Wang
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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71
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Karadkhelkar NM, Lin M, Eubanks LM, Janda KD. Demystifying the Druggability of the MYC Family of Oncogenes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3259-3269. [PMID: 36734615 PMCID: PMC10182829 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The MYC family of oncogenes (MYC, MYCN, and MYCL) encodes a basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (bHLHLZ) transcriptional regulator that is responsible for moving the cell through the restriction point. Through the HLHZIP domain, MYC heterodimerizes with the bHLHLZ protein MAX, which enables this MYC-MAX complex to bind to E-box regulatory DNA elements thereby controlling transcription of a large group of genes and their proteins. Translationally, MYC is one of the foremost oncogenic targets, and deregulation of expression of the MYC family gene/proteins occurs in over half of all human tumors and is recognized as a hallmark of cancer initiation and maintenance. Additionally, unexpected roles for this oncoprotein have been found in cancers that nominally have a non-MYC etiology. Although MYC is rarely mutated, its gain of function in cancer results from overexpression or from amplification. Moreover, MYC is a pleiotropic transcription factor possessing broad pathogenic prominence making it a coveted cancer target. A widely held notion within the biomedical research community is that the reliable modulation of MYC represents a tremendous therapeutic opportunity given its role in directly potentiating oncogenesis. However, the MYC-MAX heterodimer interaction contains a large surface area with a lack of well-defined binding sites creating the perception that targeting of MYC-MAX is forbidding. Here, we discuss the biochemistry behind MYC and MYC-MAX as it relates to cancer progression associated with these transcription factors. We also discuss the notion that MYC should no longer be regarded as undruggable, providing examples that a therapeutic window is achievable despite global MYC inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant M. Karadkhelkar
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Worm Institute of Research and Medicine (WIRM), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Mingliang Lin
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Worm Institute of Research and Medicine (WIRM), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Lisa M. Eubanks
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Worm Institute of Research and Medicine (WIRM), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Kim D. Janda
- Departments of Chemistry and Immunology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Worm Institute of Research and Medicine (WIRM), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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72
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Belmonte-Fernández A, Herrero-Ruíz J, Galindo-Moreno M, Limón-Mortés MC, Mora-Santos M, Sáez C, Japón MÁ, Tortolero M, Romero F. Cisplatin-induced cell death increases the degradation of the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex through the autophagy/lysosomal pathway. Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:488-499. [PMID: 36477079 PMCID: PMC9950126 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01100-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin and other platinum-based anticancer agents are among the most widely used chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of different types of cancer. However, it is common to find patients who respond well to treatment at first but later relapse due to the appearance of resistance to cisplatin. Among the mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon is the increase in DNA damage repair. Here, we elucidate the effect of cisplatin on the MRN (MRE11-RAD50-NBS1) DNA damage sensor complex. We found that the tumor suppressor FBXW7 is a key factor in controlling the turnover of the MRN complex by inducing its degradation through lysosomes. Inhibition of lysosomal enzymes allowed the detection of the association of FBXW7-dependent ubiquitylated MRN with LC3 and the autophagy adaptor p62/SQSTM1 and the localization of MRN in lysosomes. Furthermore, cisplatin-induced cell death increased MRN degradation, suggesting that this complex is one of the targets that favor cell death. These findings open the possibility of using the induction of the degradation of the MRN complex after genotoxic damage as a potential therapeutic strategy to eliminate tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joaquín Herrero-Ruíz
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, E-41012, Spain
| | - María Galindo-Moreno
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, E-41012, Spain
| | - M Cristina Limón-Mortés
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, E-41012, Spain
| | - Mar Mora-Santos
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, E-41012, Spain
| | - Carmen Sáez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) and Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, E-41013, Spain
| | - Miguel Á Japón
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) and Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, E-41013, Spain
| | - Maria Tortolero
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, E-41012, Spain
| | - Francisco Romero
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, E-41012, Spain.
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73
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Xiong Y, Wang L, Xu S, Fu B, Che Y, Zaky MY, Tian R, Yao R, Guo D, Sha Z, Lin F, Lin X, Wu H. Small molecule Z363 co-regulates TAF10 and MYC via the E3 ligase TRIP12 to suppress tumour growth. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1153. [PMID: 36639831 PMCID: PMC9839843 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The MYC oncoprotein, also known as the master regulator of genes, is a transcription factor that regulates numerous physiological processes, including cell cycle control, apoptosis, protein synthesis and cell adhesion, among others. MYC is overexpressed in approximately 70% of human cancers. Given its pervasive role in cancer biology, MYC down-regulation has become an attractive cancer treatment strategy. METHODS The CRISPR/Cas9 method was used to produce KO cell models. Western blot was used to analyzed the expressions of MYC and TATA-binding proteinassociated factors 10 (TAF10) in cancer cells (MCF7, A549, HepG2 cells) Cell culture studies were performed to determine the mechanisms by which small molecules (Z363119456, Z363) affects MYC and TAF10 expressions and functions. Mouse studies were carried out to investigate the impact of Z363 regulation on tumor growth. RESULTS Z363 activate Thyroid hormone Receptor-interacting Protein 12 (TRIP12), which phosphorylates MYC at Thr58, resulting in MYC ubiquitination and degradation and thereby regulating MYC target genes. Importantly, TRIP12 also induces TAF10 degradation, which reduces MYC protein levels. TRIP12, an E3 ligase, controls MYC levels both directly and indirectly by inhibiting MYC or TAF10 activity. CONCLUSIONS In summary,these results demonstrate the anti-cancer properties of Z363, a small molecule that is co-regulated by TAF10 and MYC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiong
- Department of Physiology, School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Shiyao Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Beibei Fu
- Department of Physiology, School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yuchen Che
- Department of Physiology, School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Mohamed Y. Zaky
- Molecular Physiology DivisionZoology DepartmentFaculty of ScienceBeni‐Suef UniversityBeni‐SuefEgypt,Department of OncologyFaculty of MedicineLinköping UniversitySweden,Department of Biomedical and Clinical SciencesFaculty of MedicineLinköping UniversitySweden
| | - Rong Tian
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical SciencesFaculty of MedicineLinköping UniversitySweden
| | - Rui Yao
- Department of PathologyChongqing Hygeia HospitalChongqingChina
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Physiology, School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zhou Sha
- Department of Physiology, School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xiaoyuan Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Haibo Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
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74
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Nardone C, Palanski BA, Scott DC, Timms RT, Barber KW, Gu X, Mao A, Leng Y, Watson EV, Schulman BA, Cole PA, Elledge SJ. A central role for regulated protein stability in the control of TFE3 and MITF by nutrients. Mol Cell 2023; 83:57-73.e9. [PMID: 36608670 PMCID: PMC9908011 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The TFE3 and MITF master transcription factors maintain metabolic homeostasis by regulating lysosomal, melanocytic, and autophagy genes. Previous studies posited that their cytosolic retention by 14-3-3, mediated by the Rag GTPases-mTORC1, was key for suppressing transcriptional activity in the presence of nutrients. Here, we demonstrate using mammalian cells that regulated protein stability plays a fundamental role in their control. Amino acids promote the recruitment of TFE3 and MITF to the lysosomal surface via the Rag GTPases, activating an evolutionarily conserved phospho-degron and leading to ubiquitination by CUL1β-TrCP and degradation. Elucidation of the minimal functional degron revealed a conserved alpha-helix required for interaction with RagA, illuminating the molecular basis for a severe neurodevelopmental syndrome caused by missense mutations in TFE3 within the RagA-TFE3 interface. Additionally, the phospho-degron is recurrently lost in TFE3 genomic translocations that cause kidney cancer. Therefore, two divergent pathologies converge on the loss of protein stability regulation by nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Nardone
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brad A Palanski
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel C Scott
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Richard T Timms
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Karl W Barber
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xin Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aoyue Mao
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Yumei Leng
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Emma V Watson
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brenda A Schulman
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Philip A Cole
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephen J Elledge
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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75
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ERK and c-Myc signaling in host-derived tumor endothelial cells is essential for solid tumor growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2211927120. [PMID: 36574698 PMCID: PMC9910475 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2211927120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited efficacy of the current antitumor microenvironment strategies is due in part to the poor understanding of the roles and relative contributions of the various tumor stromal cells to tumor development. Here, we describe a versatile in vivo anthrax toxin protein delivery system allowing for the unambiguous genetic evaluation of individual tumor stromal elements in cancer. Our reengineered tumor-selective anthrax toxin exhibits potent antiproliferative activity by disrupting ERK signaling in sensitive cells. Since this activity requires the surface expression of the capillary morphogenesis protein-2 (CMG2) toxin receptor, genetic manipulation of CMG2 expression using our cell-type-specific CMG2 transgenic mice allows us to specifically define the role of individual tumor stromal cell types in tumor development. Here, we established mice with CMG2 only expressed in tumor endothelial cells (ECs) and determined the specific contribution of tumor stromal ECs to the toxin's antitumor activity. Our results demonstrate that disruption of ERK signaling only within tumor ECs is sufficient to halt tumor growth. We discovered that c-Myc is a downstream effector of ERK signaling and that the MEK-ERK-c-Myc central metabolic axis in tumor ECs is essential for tumor progression. As such, disruption of ERK-c-Myc signaling in host-derived tumor ECs by our tumor-selective anthrax toxins explains their high efficacy in solid tumor therapy.
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76
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Eisenman RN. MYC through the lens of G&D. Genes Dev 2023; 37:16-17. [PMID: 37061959 PMCID: PMC10046432 DOI: 10.1101/gad.350467.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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77
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Scalia P, Williams SJ, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y, Giordano A. Cell cycle control by the insulin-like growth factor signal: at the crossroad between cell growth and mitotic regulation. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:1-37. [PMID: 36005738 PMCID: PMC9769454 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2108117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In proliferating cells and tissues a number of checkpoints (G1/S and G2/M) preceding cell division (M-phase) require the signal provided by growth factors present in serum. IGFs (I and II) have been demonstrated to constitute key intrinsic components of the peptidic active fraction of mammalian serum. In vivo genetic ablation studies have shown that the cellular signal triggered by the IGFs through their cellular receptors represents a non-replaceable requirement for cell growth and cell cycle progression. Retroactive and current evaluation of published literature sheds light on the intracellular circuitry activated by these factors providing us with a better picture of the pleiotropic mechanistic actions by which IGFs regulate both cell size and mitogenesis under developmental growth as well as in malignant proliferation. The present work aims to summarize the cumulative knowledge learned from the IGF ligands/receptors and their intracellular signaling transducers towards control of cell size and cell-cycle with particular focus to their actionable circuits in human cancer. Furthermore, we bring novel perspectives on key functional discriminants of the IGF growth-mitogenic pathway allowing re-evaluation on some of its signal components based upon established evidences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Scalia
- ISOPROG-Somatolink EPFP Research Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA, Caltanissetta, Italy,CST, Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United states,CONTACT Pierluigi Scalia ISOPROG-Somatolink EPFP Research Network, Philadelphia, PA9102, USA
| | - Stephen J Williams
- ISOPROG-Somatolink EPFP Research Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA, Caltanissetta, Italy,CST, Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United states
| | - Yoko Fujita-Yamaguchi
- Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Antonio Giordano
- ISOPROG-Somatolink EPFP Research Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA, Caltanissetta, Italy,School of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, Italy
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78
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Bajpai S, Jin HR, Mucha B, Diehl JA. Ubiquitylation of unphosphorylated c-myc by novel E3 ligase SCF Fbxl8. Cancer Biol Ther 2022; 23:348-357. [PMID: 35438057 PMCID: PMC9037475 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2022.2061279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of c-myc via increased transcription or decreased protein degradation is common to many cancer etiologies. c-myc protein degradation is mediated by ubiquitin-dependent degradation, and this ubiquitylation is regulated by several E3 ligases. The primary regulator is Fbxw7, which binds to a phospho-degron within c-myc. Here, we identify a new E3 ligase for c-myc, Fbxl8 (F-box and Leucine Rich Repeat Protein 8), as an adaptor component of the SCF (Skp1-Cullin1-F-box protein) ubiquitin ligase complex, for selective c-myc degradation. SCFFbxl8 binds and ubiquitylates c-myc, independent of phosphorylation, revealing that it regulates a pool of c-myc distinct from SCFFbxw7. Loss of Fbxl8 increases c-myc protein levels, protein stability, and cell division, while overexpression of Fbxl8 reduces c-myc protein levels. Concurrent loss of Fbxl8 and Fbxw7 triggers a robust increase in c-myc protein levels consistent with targeting distinct pools of c-myc. This work highlights new mechanisms regulating c-myc degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Bajpai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Hong Ri Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Bartosz Mucha
- Department of Biochemistry and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - J. Alan Diehl
- Department of Biochemistry and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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79
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O'Brien S, Kelso S, Steinhart Z, Orlicky S, Mis M, Kim Y, Lin S, Sicheri F, Angers S. SCF FBXW7 regulates G2-M progression through control of CCNL1 ubiquitination. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e55044. [PMID: 36278408 PMCID: PMC9724663 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
FBXW7, which encodes a substrate-specific receptor of an SCF E3 ligase complex, is a frequently mutated human tumor suppressor gene known to regulate the post-translational stability of various proteins involved in cellular proliferation. Here, using genome-wide CRISPR screens, we report a novel synthetic lethal genetic interaction between FBXW7 and CCNL1 and describe CCNL1 as a new substrate of the SCF-FBXW7 E3 ligase. Further analysis showed that the CCNL1-CDK11 complex is critical at the G2-M phase of the cell cycle since defective CCNL1 accumulation, resulting from FBXW7 mutation, leads to shorter mitotic time. Cells harboring FBXW7 loss-of-function mutations are hypersensitive to treatment with a CDK11 inhibitor, highlighting a genetic vulnerability that could be leveraged for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan O'Brien
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchTorontoONCanada
| | - Susan Kelso
- Department of Molecular GeneticsUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteSinai Health SystemTorontoONCanada
| | - Zachary Steinhart
- Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Present address:
Gladstone InstituteUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Stephen Orlicky
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteSinai Health SystemTorontoONCanada
| | - Monika Mis
- Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Present address:
GenentechSouth San FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Yunhye Kim
- Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Sichun Lin
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchTorontoONCanada
| | - Frank Sicheri
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Department of Molecular GeneticsUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteSinai Health SystemTorontoONCanada
| | - Stephane Angers
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchTorontoONCanada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
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80
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The chromatin remodeler CHD6 promotes colorectal cancer development by regulating TMEM65-mediated mitochondrial dynamics via EGF and Wnt signaling. Cell Discov 2022; 8:130. [PMID: 36473865 PMCID: PMC9727023 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-022-00478-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein (CHD) family plays critical roles in regulating gene transcription. The family is linked to cancer disease, but the family member's role in tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. Here, we report that CHD6 is highly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC). CHD6 knockdown inhibited cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis. Consistently, Villin-specific Chd6 knockout in mice attenuates cancer formation in AOM/DSS model. We found that aberrant EGF signals promoted the stability of CHD6 by diminishing ubiquitin-mediated degradation. EGF signal inhibits GSK3β activity, which in turn prevents phosphodegron formation of CHD6, thereby hindering E3 ligase FBXW7-mediated CHD6 ubiquitination and degradation. CHD6's chromatin remodeler activity engages in binding Wnt signaling transcription factor TCF4 to facilitate the transcriptional expression of TMEM65, a mitochondrial inner membrane protein involved in ATP production and mitochondrial dynamics. In addition, Wnt signaling is also an upstream regulator of CHD6. CHD6 promoter contains TCF4 and β-catenin binding site, and CHD6 can be transcriptionally activated by Wnt ligand to facilitate TMEM65 transcription. Thus CHD6-TMEM65 axis can be regulated by both EGF and Wnt signaling pathways through two different mechanisms. We further illustrate that CHD6-TMEM65 axis is deregulated in cancer and that co-administration of Wnt inhibitor LGK974 and the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody cetuximab largely restricted the growth of patient-derived xenografts of CRC. Targeting CHD6-TMEM65 axis may be effective for cancer intervention.
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81
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Targeting CSC-related transcription factors by E3 ubiquitin ligases for cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 87:84-97. [PMID: 36371028 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Evidence has revealed that transcription factors play essential roles in regulation of multiple cellular processes, including cell proliferation, metastasis, EMT, cancer stem cells and chemoresistance. Dysregulated expression levels of transcription factors contribute to tumorigenesis and malignant progression. The expression of transcription factors is tightly governed by several signaling pathways, noncoding RNAs and E3 ubiquitin ligases. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been validated in regulation of tumor metastasis, reoccurrence and chemoresistance in human cancer. Transcription factors have been verified to participate in regulation of CSC formation, including Oct4, SOX2, KLF4, c-Myc, Nanog, GATA, SALL4, Bmi-1, OLIG2, POU3F2 and FOX proteins. In this review article, we will describe the critical role of CSC-related transcription factors. We will further discuss which E3 ligases regulate the degradation of these CSC-related transcription factors and their underlying mechanisms. We also mentioned the functions and mechanisms of EMT-associated transcription factors such as ZEB1, ZEB2, Snail, Slug, Twist1 and Twist2. Furthermore, we highlight the therapeutic potential via targeting E3 ubiquitin ligases for modulation of these transcription factors.
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82
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Yin L, Zhang J, Sun Y. Early growth response-1 is a new substrate of the GSK3β-FBXW7 axis. Neoplasia 2022; 34:100839. [PMID: 36240645 PMCID: PMC9573921 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2022.100839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
EGR1, a short-lived transcription factor, regulates several biological processes, including cell proliferation and tumor progression. Whether and how EGR1 is regulated by Cullin-RING ligases (CRLs) remains elusive. Here, we report that MLN4924, a small molecule inhibitor of neddylation, causes EGR1 accumulation by inactivating SCFFBXW7 (CRL1), which is a new E3 ligase for EGR1. Specifically, FBXW7 binds to EGR1 via its consensus binding motif/degron, whereas cancer-derived FBXW7 mutants showed a much reduced EGR1 binding. SiRNA-mediated FBXW7 knockdown caused EGR1 accumulation, whereas FBXW7 overexpression reduced EGR1 levels. Likewise, FBXW7 knockdown significantly extended EGR1 protein half-life, while FBXW7 overexpression promotes polyubiquitylation of wild-type EGR1, but not EGR1-S2A mutant with the binding site abrogated. GSK3β kinase is required for the FBXW7-EGR1 binding, and for enhanced EGR1 degradation by wild type FBXW7, but not by FBXW7 mutants. Likewise, GSK3β knockdown or treatment with GSK3β inhibitor significantly increased the EGR1 levels and extended EGR1 protein half-life, while reducing EGR1 polyubiquitylation. Hypoxia exposure reduces the EGR1 levels via enhancing the FBXW7-EGR1 binding, and FBXW7-induced EGR1 polyubiquitylation. Biologically, EGR1 knockdown suppressed cancer cell growth, whereas growth stimulation by FBXW7 knockdown is partially rescued by EGR1 knockdown. Thus, EGR1 is a new substrate of the GSK3β-FBXW7 axis, and the FBXW7-EGR1 axis coordinately regulates growth of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yin
- Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Jiagui Zhang
- Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Research Center for Life Science and Human Health, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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83
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MYC multimers shield stalled replication forks from RNA polymerase. Nature 2022; 612:148-155. [PMID: 36424410 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Oncoproteins of the MYC family drive the development of numerous human tumours1. In unperturbed cells, MYC proteins bind to nearly all active promoters and control transcription by RNA polymerase II2,3. MYC proteins can also coordinate transcription with DNA replication4,5 and promote the repair of transcription-associated DNA damage6, but how they exert these mechanistically diverse functions is unknown. Here we show that MYC dissociates from many of its binding sites in active promoters and forms multimeric, often sphere-like structures in response to perturbation of transcription elongation, mRNA splicing or inhibition of the proteasome. Multimerization is accompanied by a global change in the MYC interactome towards proteins involved in transcription termination and RNA processing. MYC multimers accumulate on chromatin immediately adjacent to stalled replication forks and surround FANCD2, ATR and BRCA1 proteins, which are located at stalled forks7,8. MYC multimerization is triggered in a HUWE16 and ubiquitylation-dependent manner. At active promoters, MYC multimers block antisense transcription and stabilize FANCD2 association with chromatin. This limits DNA double strand break formation during S-phase, suggesting that the multimerization of MYC enables tumour cells to proliferate under stressful conditions.
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84
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Jiang Y. Contribution of Microhomology to Genome Instability: Connection between DNA Repair and Replication Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12937. [PMID: 36361724 PMCID: PMC9657218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) is a highly mutagenic pathway to repair double-strand breaks (DSBs). MMEJ was thought to be a backup pathway of homologous recombination (HR) and canonical nonhomologous end joining (C-NHEJ). However, it attracts more attention in cancer research due to its special function of microhomology in many different aspects of cancer. In particular, it is initiated with DNA end resection and upregulated in homologous recombination-deficient cancers. In this review, I summarize the following: (1) the recent findings and contributions of MMEJ to genome instability, including phenotypes relevant to MMEJ; (2) the interaction between MMEJ and other DNA repair pathways; (3) the proposed mechanistic model of MMEJ in DNA DSB repair and a new connection with microhomology-mediated break-induced replication (MMBIR); and (4) the potential clinical application by targeting MMEJ based on synthetic lethality for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
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85
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Lepore Signorile M, Grossi V, Fasano C, Forte G, Disciglio V, Sanese P, De Marco K, La Rocca F, Armentano R, Valentini AM, Giannelli G, Simone C. c-MYC Protein Stability Is Sustained by MAPKs in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194840. [PMID: 36230763 PMCID: PMC9562641 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal tract malignancy. Previous reports have shown that cancerous phenotypes in the intestine are dependent on c-MYC target gene expression. Unfortunately, finding c-MYC inhibitors has proven difficult because c-MYC does not have a deep surface-binding pocket. Considering that c-MYC is maintained upregulated through β-catenin-mediated transcriptional activation and ERK-mediated post-translational stabilization, and since we have previously demonstrated that c-MYC transcriptional activation is affected by p38α as a β-catenin chromatin-associated kinase, here, we investigated p38α’s involvement in c-MYC protein stabilization in CRC. Interestingly, we found that p38α sustains c-MYC’s stability by preventing its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Moreover, we showed that p38α inhibitors exhibit a synthetic lethality effect when used in combination with MEK inhibitors in CRC cells. Our findings identify p38α as a promising therapeutic target that acts on the pharmacologically “undruggable” c-MYC protein, with implications for countering c-MYC-mediated CRC proliferation, metastasization, and chemoresistance. Abstract c-MYC is one of the most important factors involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation and progression; indeed, it is found to be upregulated in up to 80% of sporadic cases. During colorectal carcinogenesis, c-MYC is maintained upregulated through β-catenin-mediated transcriptional activation and ERK-mediated post-translational stabilization. Our data demonstrate that p38α, a kinase involved in CRC metabolism and survival, contributes to c-Myc protein stability. Moreover, we show that p38α, like ERK, stabilizes c-MYC protein levels by preventing its ubiquitination. Of note, we found that p38α phosphorylates c-MYC and interacts with it both in vitro and in cellulo. Extensive molecular analyses in the cellular and in vivo models revealed that the p38α kinase inhibitors, SB202190 and ralimetinib, affect c-MYC protein levels. Ralimetinib also exhibited a synthetic lethality effect when used in combination with the MEK1 inhibitor trametinib. Overall, our findings identify p38α as a promising therapeutic target, acting directly on c-MYC, with potential implications for countering c-MYC-mediated CRC proliferation, metastatic dissemination, and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lepore Signorile
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology Saverio de Bellis, IRCCS Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (M.L.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (F.L.R.)
| | - Valentina Grossi
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology Saverio de Bellis, IRCCS Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (M.L.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (F.L.R.)
- Correspondence: (V.G.); (C.S.)
| | - Candida Fasano
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology Saverio de Bellis, IRCCS Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (M.L.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (F.L.R.)
| | - Giovanna Forte
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology Saverio de Bellis, IRCCS Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (M.L.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (F.L.R.)
| | - Vittoria Disciglio
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology Saverio de Bellis, IRCCS Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (M.L.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (F.L.R.)
| | - Paola Sanese
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology Saverio de Bellis, IRCCS Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (M.L.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (F.L.R.)
| | - Katia De Marco
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology Saverio de Bellis, IRCCS Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (M.L.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (F.L.R.)
| | - Francesca La Rocca
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology Saverio de Bellis, IRCCS Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (M.L.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (F.L.R.)
| | - Raffaele Armentano
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology Saverio de Bellis, IRCCS Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.A.); (A.M.V.)
| | - Anna Maria Valentini
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology Saverio de Bellis, IRCCS Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (R.A.); (A.M.V.)
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Gastroenterology Saverio de Bellis, IRCCS Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy;
| | - Cristiano Simone
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology Saverio de Bellis, IRCCS Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy; (M.L.S.); (C.F.); (G.F.); (V.D.); (P.S.); (K.D.M.); (F.L.R.)
- Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.G.); (C.S.)
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86
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Vollmuth N, Schlicker L, Guo Y, Hovhannisyan P, Janaki-Raman S, Kurmasheva N, Schmitz W, Schulze A, Stelzner K, Rajeeve K, Rudel T. c-Myc plays a key role in IFN-γ-induced persistence of Chlamydia trachomatis. eLife 2022; 11:76721. [PMID: 36155135 PMCID: PMC9512400 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis (Ctr) can persist over extended times within their host cell and thereby establish chronic infections. One of the major inducers of chlamydial persistence is interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) released by immune cells as a mechanism of immune defence. IFN-γ activates the catabolic depletion of L-tryptophan (Trp) via indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), resulting in persistent Ctr. Here, we show that IFN-γ induces the downregulation of c-Myc, the key regulator of host cell metabolism, in a STAT1-dependent manner. Expression of c-Myc rescued Ctr from IFN-γ-induced persistence in cell lines and human fallopian tube organoids. Trp concentrations control c-Myc levels most likely via the PI3K-GSK3β axis. Unbiased metabolic analysis revealed that Ctr infection reprograms the host cell tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to support pyrimidine biosynthesis. Addition of TCA cycle intermediates or pyrimidine/purine nucleosides to infected cells rescued Ctr from IFN-γ-induced persistence. Thus, our results challenge the longstanding hypothesis of Trp depletion through IDO as the major mechanism of IFN-γ-induced metabolic immune defence and significantly extends the understanding of the role of IFN-γ as a broad modulator of host cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Vollmuth
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Schlicker
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yongxia Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pargev Hovhannisyan
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | - Naziia Kurmasheva
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Werner Schmitz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Almut Schulze
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Stelzner
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Karthika Rajeeve
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Pathogen Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Thomas Rudel
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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87
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Peng Y, Liu J, Wang Z, Cui C, Zhang T, Zhang S, Gao P, Hou Z, Liu H, Guo J, Zhang J, Wen Y, Wei W, Zhang L, Liu J, Long J. Prostate-specific oncogene OTUD6A promotes prostatic tumorigenesis via deubiquitinating and stabilizing c-Myc. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:1730-1743. [PMID: 35217790 PMCID: PMC9433443 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-00960-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
MYC drives the tumorigenesis of human cancers, including prostate cancer (PrCa), thus deubiquitinase (DUB) that maintains high level of c-Myc oncoprotein is a rational therapeutic target. Several ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) family members of DUB have been reported to deubiquitinate c-Myc, but none of them is the physiological DUB for c-Myc in PrCa. By screening all the DUBs, here we reveal that OTUD6A is exclusively amplified and overexpressed in PrCa but not in other cancers, eliciting a prostatic-specific oncogenic role through deubiquitinating and stabilizing c-Myc oncoprotein. Moreover, genetic ablation of OTUD6A efficiently represses prostatic tumorigenesis of both human PrCa cells and the Hi-Myc transgenic PrCa mice, via reversing the metabolic remodeling caused by c-Myc overexpression in PrCa. These results indicate that OTUD6A is a physiological DUB for c-Myc in PrCa setting and specifically promotes prostatic tumorigenesis through stabilizing c-Myc oncoprotein, suggesting that OTUD6A could be a unique therapeutic target for Myc-driven PrCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua Peng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Zhen Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Chunping Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, 100850, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Shuangxi Zhang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Peipei Gao
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhanwu Hou
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Huadong Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jianping Guo
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinfang Zhang
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yurong Wen
- Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Lingqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, 100850, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
- University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Jiangang Long
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
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88
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Ferraiuolo RM, Fifield BA, Hamm C, Porter LA. Stabilization of c-Myc by the atypical cell cycle regulator, Spy1, decreases efficacy of breast cancer treatments. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 196:17-30. [PMID: 36029387 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06715-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE c-Myc is frequently upregulated in breast cancers, however, targeting c-Myc has proven to be a challenge. Targeting of downstream mediators of c-Myc, such as the 'cyclin-like' cell cycle regulator Spy1, may be a viable therapeutic option in a subset of breast cancer subtypes. METHODS Mouse mammary tumor cells isolated from MMTV-Myc mice and human breast cancer cell lines were used to manipulate Spy1 levels followed by tamoxifen or chemotherapeutic treatment with a variety of endpoints. Patient samples from TNBC patients were obtained and constructed into a TMA and stained for c-Myc and Spy1 protein levels. RESULTS Over time, MMTV-Myc cells show a decreased response to tamoxifen treatment with increasing levels of Spy1 in the tamoxifen-resistant cells. shRNA against Spy1 re-establishes tamoxifen sensitivity. Spy1 was found to be highly elevated in human TNBC cell and patient samples, correlating to c-Myc protein levels. c-Myc was found to be stabilized by Spy1 and knocking down Spy1 in TNBC cells shows a significant increase in response to chemotherapy treatments. CONCLUSION Understanding the interplay between protein expression level and response to treatment is a critical factor in developing novel treatment options for breast cancer patients. These data have shown a connection between Spy1 and c-Myc protein levels in more aggressive breast cancer cells and patient samples. Furthermore, targeting c-Myc has proven difficult, these data suggest targeting Spy1 even when c-Myc is elevated can confer an advantage to current chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa-Maria Ferraiuolo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Bre-Anne Fifield
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada.,WE-SPARK Health Institute, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Caroline Hamm
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada.,Windsor Regional Cancer Centre, Windsor Regional Hospital, Windsor, ON, N9C 3E6, Canada.,Western University, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada.,WE-SPARK Health Institute, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Lisa A Porter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada. .,WE-SPARK Health Institute, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada.
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89
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Wang W, Shi B, Cong R, Hao M, Peng Y, Yang H, Song J, Feng D, Zhang N, Li D. RING-finger E3 ligases regulatory network in PI3K/AKT-mediated glucose metabolism. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:372. [PMID: 36002460 PMCID: PMC9402544 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway plays an essential role in glucose metabolism, promoting glycolysis and resisting gluconeogenesis. PI3K/AKT signaling can directly alter glucose metabolism by phosphorylating several metabolic enzymes or regulators of nutrient transport. It can indirectly promote sustained aerobic glycolysis by increasing glucose transporters and glycolytic enzymes, which are mediated by downstream transcription factors. E3 ubiquitin ligase RING-finger proteins are mediators of protein post-translational modifications and include the cullin-RING ligase complexes, the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated family, the tripartite motif family and etc. Some members of the RING family play critical roles in regulating cell signaling and are involved in the development and progression of various metabolic diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. And with the progression of modern research, as a negative or active regulator, the RING-finger adaptor has been found to play an indispensable role in PI3K/AKT signaling. However, no reviews have comprehensively clarified the role of RING-finger E3 ligases in PI3K/AKT-mediated glucose metabolism. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the regulation and function of RING ligases in PI3K/AKT-mediated glucose metabolism to establish new insights into the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Wang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Physiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruiting Cong
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingjun Hao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Peng
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongyue Yang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiahui Song
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Feng
- Education Center for Clinical Skill Practice, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Naijin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Da Li
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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90
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Wang H, Yang W, Qin Q, Yang X, Yang Y, Liu H, Lu W, Gu S, Cao X, Feng D, Zhang Z, He J. E3 ubiquitin ligase MAGI3 degrades c-Myc and acts as a predictor for chemotherapy response in colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:151. [PMID: 35864508 PMCID: PMC9306183 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01622-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recurrence and chemoresistance constitute the leading cause of death in colorectal cancer (CRC). Thus, it is of great significance to clarify the underlying mechanisms and identify predictors for tailoring adjuvant chemotherapy to improve the outcome of CRC. Methods By screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs), constructing random forest classification and ranking the importance of DEGs, we identified membrane associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain containing 3 (MAGI3) as an important gene in CRC recurrence. Immunohistochemical and western blot assays were employed to further detect MAGI3 expression in CRC tissues and cell lines. Cell counting kit-8, plate colony formation, flow cytometry, sub-cutaneous injection and azoxymethane plus dextran sulfate sodium induced mice CRC assays were employed to explore the effects of MAGI3 on proliferation, growth, cell cycle, apoptosis, xenograft formation and chemotherapy resistance of CRC. The underlying molecular mechanisms were further investigated through gene set enrichment analysis, quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination, GST fusion protein pull-down and immunohistochemical staining assays. Results Our results showed that dysregulated low level of MAGI3 was correlated with recurrence and poor prognosis of CRC. MAGI3 was identified as a novel substrate-binding subunit of SKP1-Cullin E3 ligase to recognize c-Myc, and process c-Myc ubiquitination and degradation. Expression of MAGI3 in CRC cells inhibited cell growth, promoted apoptosis and chemosensitivity to fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy by suppressing activation of c-Myc in vitro and in vivo. In clinic, the stage II/III CRC patients with MAGI3-high had a significantly good recurrence-free survival (~ 80%, 5-year), and were not necessary for further adjuvant chemotherapy. The patients with MAGI3-medium had a robustly good response rate or recurrence-free survival with fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy, and were recommended to undergo fluoropyrimidine-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions MAGI3 is a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase by degradation of c-Myc to regulate CRC development and may act as a potential predictor of adjuvant chemotherapy for CRC patients. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12943-022-01622-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Yang
- Core Facilities Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiu Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Gu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuedi Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Duiping Feng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, No.95 Yong-anRoad, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junqi He
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
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Xing L, Xu L, Zhang Y, Che Y, Wang M, Shao Y, Qiu D, Yu H, Zhao F, Zhang J. Recent Insight on Regulations of FBXW7 and Its Role in Immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:925041. [PMID: 35814468 PMCID: PMC9263569 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.925041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
SCFFBXW7 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex is a crucial enzyme of the ubiquitin proteasome system that participates in variant activities of cell process, and its component FBXW7 (F-box and WD repeat domain–containing 7) is responsible for recognizing and binding to substrates. The expression of FBXW7 is controlled by multiple pathways at different levels. FBXW7 facilitates the maturity and function maintenance of immune cells via functioning as a mediator of ubiquitination-dependent degradation of substrate proteins. FBXW7 deficiency or mutation results in the growth disturbance and dysfunction of immune cell, leads to the resistance against immunotherapy, and participates in multiple illnesses. It is likely that FBXW7 coordinating with its regulators and substrates could offer potential targets to improve the sensitivity and effects of immunotherapy. Here, we review the mechanisms of the regulation on FBXW7 and its tumor suppression role in immune filed among various diseases (mostly cancers) to explore novel immune targets and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Xing
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Leidi Xu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yinggang Che
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yongxiang Shao
- Department of Anus and Intestine Surgery, The 942th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Yinchuan, China
| | - Dan Qiu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Honglian Yu
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, The 942th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Yinchuan, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Zhang, ; Feng Zhao,
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Zhang, ; Feng Zhao,
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92
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Novel dual-targeting c-Myc inhibitor D347-2761 represses myeloma growth via blocking c-Myc/Max heterodimerization and disturbing its stability. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:73. [PMID: 35619182 PMCID: PMC9137135 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00868-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transcription factor c-Myc plays a critical role in various physiological and pathological events. c-Myc gene rearrangement is closely associated with multiple myeloma (MM) progression and drug resistance. Thereby, targeting c-Myc is expected to be a useful therapeutic strategy for hematological disease, especially in MM.
Methods Molecular docking-based virtual screening and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay were used to identify novel c-Myc inhibitors. Cell viability and flow cytometry were performed for evaluating myeloma cytotoxicity. Western blot, immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, GST pull down and Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay were performed for protein expression and interaction between c-Myc and Max. c-Myc downstream targets were measured by Q-PCR and Chromatin immunoprecipitation methods. Animal experiments were used to detect myeloma xenograft and infiltration in vivo. Results We successfully identified a novel c-Myc inhibitor D347-2761, which hindered the formation of c-Myc/Max heterodimer and disturbed c-Myc protein stability simultaneously. Compound D347-2761 dose-and time-dependently inhibited myeloma cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Dual knockout Bak/Bax partially restored D347-2761-mediated cell death. Additionally, compound D347-2761 could, in combination with bortezomib (BTZ), enhance MM cell DNA damage and overcome BTZ drug resistance. Our in vivo studies also showed that compound D347-2761 repressed myeloma growth and distal infiltration by downregulating c-Myc expression. Mechanistically, novel dual-targeting c-Myc inhibitor D347-2761 promoted c-Myc protein degradation via stimulating c-Myc Thr58 phosphorylation levels, which ultimately led to transcriptional repression of CDK4 promoter activity. Conclusions We identified a novel dual-targeting c-Myc small molecular inhibitor D347-2761. And this study may provide a solid foundation for developing a novel therapeutic agent targeting c-Myc. Video Abstract
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12964-022-00868-6.
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93
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Shen W, Zhou Q, Peng C, Li J, Yuan Q, Zhu H, Zhao M, Jiang X, Liu W, Ren C. FBXW7 and the Hallmarks of Cancer: Underlying Mechanisms and Prospective Strategies. Front Oncol 2022; 12:880077. [PMID: 35515121 PMCID: PMC9063462 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.880077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
FBXW7, a member of the F-box protein family within the ubiquitin–proteasome system, performs an indispensable role in orchestrating cellular processes through ubiquitination and degradation of its substrates, such as c-MYC, mTOR, MCL-1, Notch, and cyclin E. Mainly functioning as a tumor suppressor, inactivation of FBXW7 induces the aberrations of its downstream pathway, resulting in the occurrence of diseases especially tumorigenesis. Here, we decipher the relationship between FBXW7 and the hallmarks of cancer and discuss the underlying mechanisms. Considering the interplay of cancer hallmarks, we propose several prospective strategies for circumventing the deficits of therapeutic resistance and complete cure of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyue Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Quanwei Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenxi Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaheng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qizhi Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hecheng Zhu
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Caiping Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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94
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Wang W, Shiraishi R, Kawauchi D. Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cerebellar Development and Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:864035. [PMID: 35573667 PMCID: PMC9100414 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.864035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway regulates the development of the central nervous system in vertebrates. Aberrant regulation of SHH signaling pathways often causes neurodevelopmental diseases and brain tumors. In the cerebellum, SHH secreted by Purkinje cells is a potent mitogen for granule cell progenitors, which are the most abundant cell type in the mature brain. While a reduction in SHH signaling induces cerebellar structural abnormalities, such as hypoplasia in various genetic disorders, the constitutive activation of SHH signaling often induces medulloblastoma (MB), one of the most common pediatric malignant brain tumors. Based on the existing literature on canonical and non-canonical SHH signaling pathways, emerging basic and clinical studies are exploring novel therapeutic approaches for MB by targeting SHH signaling at distinct molecular levels. In this review, we discuss the present consensus on SHH signaling mechanisms, their roles in cerebellar development and tumorigenesis, and the recent advances in clinical trials for MB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchen Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Shiraishi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
- Department of NCNP Brain Physiology and Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawauchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Daisuke Kawauchi,
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95
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Mennerich D, Kubaichuk K, Raza GS, Fuhrmann DC, Herzig KH, Brüne B, Kietzmann T. ER-stress promotes VHL-independent degradation of hypoxia-inducible factors via FBXW1A/βTrCP. Redox Biol 2022; 50:102243. [PMID: 35074541 PMCID: PMC8792260 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic adaptation and signal integration in response to hypoxic conditions is mainly regulated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). At the same time, hypoxia induces ROS formation and activates the unfolded protein response (UPR), indicative of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, whether ER stress would affect the hypoxia response remains ill-defined. Here we report that feeding mice a high fat diet causes ER stress and attenuates the response to hypoxia. Mechanistically, ER stress promotes HIF-1α and HIF-2α degradation independent of ROS, Ca2+, and the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) pathway, involving GSK3β and the ubiquitin ligase FBXW1A/βTrCP. Thereby, we reveal a previously unknown function of the GSK3β/HIFα/βTrCP1 axis in ER homeostasis and demonstrate that inhibition of the HIF-1 and HIF-2 response and genetic deficiency of GSK3β affects proliferation, migration, and sensitizes cells for ER stress promoted apoptosis. Vice versa, we show that hypoxia affects the ER stress response mainly through the PERK-arm of the UPR. Overall, we discovered previously unrecognized links between the HIF pathway and the ER stress response and uncovered an essential survival pathway for cells under ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mennerich
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kateryna Kubaichuk
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ghulam S Raza
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and Medical Research Center, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Dominik C Fuhrmann
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, D-60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and Medical Research Center, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, D-60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas Kietzmann
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland.
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96
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Shared and distinct genetic features in human and canine B-cell lymphomas. Blood Adv 2022; 6:3404-3409. [PMID: 35359007 PMCID: PMC9198934 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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97
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Fan J, Bellon M, Ju M, Zhao L, Wei M, Fu L, Nicot C. Clinical significance of FBXW7 loss of function in human cancers. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:87. [PMID: 35346215 PMCID: PMC8962602 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
FBXW7 (F-Box and WD Repeat Domain Containing 7) (also referred to as FBW7 or hCDC4) is a component of the Skp1-Cdc53 / Cullin-F-box-protein complex (SCF/β-TrCP). As a member of the F-box protein family, FBXW7 serves a role in phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination and proteasome degradation of oncoproteins that play critical role(s) in oncogenesis. FBXW7 affects many regulatory functions involved in cell survival, cell proliferation, tumor invasion, DNA damage repair, genomic instability and telomere biology. This thorough review of current literature details how FBXW7 expression and functions are regulated through multiple mechanisms and how that ultimately drives tumorigenesis in a wide array of cell types. The clinical significance of FBXW7 is highlighted by the fact that FBXW7 is frequently inactivated in human lung, colon, and hematopoietic cancers. The loss of FBXW7 can serve as an independent prognostic marker and is significantly correlated with the resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic agents and poorer disease outcomes. Recent evidence shows that genetic mutation of FBXW7 differentially affects the degradation of specific cellular targets resulting in a distinct and specific pattern of activation/inactivation of cell signaling pathways. The clinical significance of FBXW7 mutations in the context of tumor development, progression, and resistance to therapies as well as opportunities for targeted therapies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Liaoning Province, China Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Marcia Bellon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Viral Pathogenesis, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Mingyi Ju
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Liaoning Province, China Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Liaoning Province, China Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Liaoning Province, China Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Liwu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Christophe Nicot
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Viral Pathogenesis, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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98
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Systematic Discovery of FBXW7-Binding Phosphodegrons Highlights Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases as Important Regulators of Intracellular Protein Levels. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063320. [PMID: 35328741 PMCID: PMC8955265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A FBXW7 is an F-box E3 ubiquitin-ligase affecting cell growth by controlling protein degradation. Mechanistically, its effect on its substrates depends on the phosphorylation of degron motifs, but the abundance of these phosphodegrons has not been systematically explored. We used a ratiometric protein degradation assay geared towards the identification of FBXW7-binding degron motifs phosphorylated by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Most of the known FBXW7 targets are localized in the nucleus and function as transcription factors. Here, in addition to more transcription affecting factors (ETV5, KLF4, SP5, JAZF1, and ZMIZ1 CAMTA2), we identified phosphodegrons located in proteins involved in chromatin regulation (ARID4B, KMT2E, KMT2D, and KAT6B) or cytoskeletal regulation (MAP2, Myozenin-2, SMTL2, and AKAP11), and some other proteins with miscellaneous functions (EIF4G3, CDT1, and CCAR2). We show that the protein level of full-length ARID4B, ETV5, JAZF1, and ZMIZ1 are affected by different MAPKs since their FBXW7-mediated degradation was diminished in the presence of MAPK-specific inhibitors. Our results suggest that MAPK and FBXW7 partnership plays an important cellular role by directly affecting the level of key regulatory proteins. The data also suggest that the p38α-controlled phosphodegron in JAZF1 may be responsible for the pathological regulation of the cancer-related JAZF1-SUZ12 fusion construct implicated in endometrial stromal sarcoma.
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Yu Z, Li H, Zhu J, Wang H, Jin X. The roles of E3 ligases in Hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:1179-1214. [PMID: 35411231 PMCID: PMC8984888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocarcinogenesis is a complex multistep biological process involving genetic and epigenetic alterations that are accompanied by activation of oncoproteins and inactivation of tumor suppressors, which in turn results in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the common tumors with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is the key to protein degradation and regulation of physiological and pathological processes, and E3 ligases are key enzymes in the UPS that contain a variety of subfamily proteins involved in the regulation of some common signal pathways in HCC. There is growing evidence that many structural or functional dysfunctions of E3 are engaged in the development and progression of HCC. Herein, we review recent research advances in HCC-associated E3 ligases, describe their structure, classification, functional roles, and discuss some mechanisms of the abnormal activation or inactivation of the HCC-associated signal pathway due to the binding of E3 to known substrates. In addition, given the success of proteasome inhibitors in the treatment of malignant cancers, we characterize the current knowledge and future prospects for targeted therapies against aberrant E3 in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongdong Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haibiao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center of Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040, Zhejiang, China
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Castell A, Yan Q, Fawkner K, Bazzar W, Zhang F, Wickström M, Alzrigat M, Franco M, Krona C, Cameron DP, Dyberg C, Olsen TK, Verschut V, Schmidt L, Lim SY, Mahmoud L, Hydbring P, Lehmann S, Baranello L, Nelander S, Johnsen JI, Larsson LG. MYCMI-7: A Small MYC-Binding Compound that Inhibits MYC: MAX Interaction and Tumor Growth in a MYC-Dependent Manner. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022. [PMID: 36874405 DOI: 10.1158/27679764.crc-21-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Deregulated expression of MYC family oncogenes occurs frequently in human cancer and is often associated with aggressive disease and poor prognosis. While MYC is a highly warranted target, it has been considered "undruggable," and no specific anti-MYC drugs are available in the clinic. We recently identified molecules named MYCMIs that inhibit the interaction between MYC and its essential partner MAX. Here we show that one of these molecules, MYCMI-7, efficiently and selectively inhibits MYC:MAX and MYCN:MAX interactions in cells, binds directly to recombinant MYC, and reduces MYC-driven transcription. In addition, MYCMI-7 induces degradation of MYC and MYCN proteins. MYCMI-7 potently induces growth arrest/apoptosis in tumor cells in a MYC/MYCN-dependent manner and downregulates the MYC pathway on a global level as determined by RNA sequencing. Sensitivity to MYCMI-7 correlates with MYC expression in a panel of 60 tumor cell lines and MYCMI-7 shows high efficacy toward a collection of patient-derived primary glioblastoma and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) ex vivo cultures. Importantly, a variety of normal cells become G1 arrested without signs of apoptosis upon MYCMI-7 treatment. Finally, in mouse tumor models of MYC-driven AML, breast cancer, and MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma, treatment with MYCMI-7 downregulates MYC/MYCN, inhibits tumor growth, and prolongs survival through apoptosis with few side effects. In conclusion, MYCMI-7 is a potent and selective MYC inhibitor that is highly relevant for the development into clinically useful drugs for the treatment of MYC-driven cancer. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings demonstrate that the small-molecule MYCMI-7 binds MYC and inhibits interaction between MYC and MAX, thereby hampering MYC-driven tumor cell growth in culture and in vivo while sparing normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Castell
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qinzi Yan
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Fawkner
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wesam Bazzar
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Wickström
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mohammad Alzrigat
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcela Franco
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Krona
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Donald P Cameron
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Dyberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thale Kristin Olsen
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vasiliki Verschut
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linnéa Schmidt
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sheryl Y Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Loay Mahmoud
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Hydbring
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sören Lehmann
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Laura Baranello
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sven Nelander
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - John Inge Johnsen
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars-Gunnar Larsson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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