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Petretta M, Desando G, Grigolo B, Roseti L. 3D printing of musculoskeletal tissues: impact on safety and health at work. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:891-912. [PMID: 31545145 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1663458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (commonly referred to as 3D printing) created an attractive approach for regenerative medicine research in musculoskeletal tissue engineering. Given the high number of fabrication technologies available, characterized by different working and physical principles, there are several related risks that need to be managed to protect operators. Recently, an increasing number of studies demonstrated that several types of 3D printers are emitters of ultrafine particles and volatile organic compounds whose harmful effects through inhalation, ingestion and skin uptake are known. Confirmation of danger of these products is not yet final, but this provides a basis to adopt preventive measures in agreement with the precautionary principle. The purpose of this investigation was to provide a useful tool to the researcher for managing the risks related to the use of different kinds of three-dimensional printers (3D printers) in the lab, especiallyconcerning orthopedic applications, and to define appropriate control measures. Particular attention was given to new emerging risks and to developing response strategies for a comprehensive coverage of the health and safety of operators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Petretta
- RegenHU ltd, Z.I. du Vivier , Villaz-ST-Pierre , Switzerland
- RAMSES Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT-Research, Innovation & Technology Department, Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla Putti, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
| | - Giovanna Desando
- RAMSES Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT-Research, Innovation & Technology Department, Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla Putti, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- RAMSES Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT-Research, Innovation & Technology Department, Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla Putti, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
| | - Livia Roseti
- RAMSES Laboratory, Rizzoli RIT-Research, Innovation & Technology Department, Istituto di Ricerca Codivilla Putti, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna , Italy
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52
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Kermanizadeh A. Preparation and Utilization of a 3D Human Liver Microtissue Model for Nanotoxicological Assessment. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1894:47-55. [PMID: 30547454 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8916-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The liver is the principal detoxification center of the body, removing xenobiotics and waste products which could potentially include some nanomaterials (NM). With the ever increasing public and occupational exposure associated with accumulative production of nanomaterials, there is an urgent need to consider the possibility of harmful health consequences of engineered NM exposure. It is understood that following exposure via inhalation, ingestion, or direct intravenous injection a fraction of NMs reach the liver. Traditional in vitro or ex vivo hepatic nanotoxicology models are often limiting and/or troublesome (i.e., reduced metabolism enzymes, lacking important cell populations, unstable with very high variability, etc.). This chapter highlights a methodology for the preparation of a physiologically relevant 3D human liver microtissue model which addresses most of the negative issues associated with the models used in traditional in vitro hepatic toxicological investigations. The spheroids are a very promising model for the assessment of the toxicological effects associated with engineered NM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kermanizadeh
- Nano Safety Research Group, School of Engineering and Physical Science, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK.
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Barik BK, Mishra M. Nanoparticles as a potential teratogen: a lesson learnt from fruit fly. Nanotoxicology 2018; 13:258-284. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1530393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bedanta Kumar Barik
- Neural Developmental Biology Lab, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Monalisa Mishra
- Neural Developmental Biology Lab, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
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Gabelova A, Kozics K, Kapka-Skrzypczak L, Kruszewski M, Sramkova M. Nephrotoxicity: Topical issue. Mutat Res 2018; 845:402988. [PMID: 31561894 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced kidney injury is one of the most significant adverse events and dose limiting factor in chemotherapy as well a major cause of prospective drug attrition during pharmaceutical development. Moreover, kidney injury can also occur as a consequence of exposures to environmental xenobiotics such as heavy metals, fungal toxins and nanomaterials. The lack of adequate in vitro human kidney models that mimic more realistically the in vivo conditions and the absence of suitable and robust, cost-effective and predictive cell-based in vitro assays contribute to an underestimation of the kidney toxic potential of new drugs and xenobiotics. Therefore, a rapid screening system capable to detect potential nephrotoxicity at early stages of drug discovery is an urgent need. Here we provide an overview of human cell lines currently used as a surrogate in vitro kidney models in nephrotoxicity studies, including their advantages and limitations. In addition, the capacity of the single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE)/comet assay as a potential tool in kidney toxicants screening is discussed. Despite a limited number of studies using the comet assay to evaluate the drug-induced kidney damage potential, a considerable variability in SCGE methodology (e.g. lysis, unwinding, and electrophoresis conditions) has been observed. Before the comet assay can be included in nephrotoxicity testing, a basic guideline has to be developed. To test its feasibility, additional in vitro experiments including inter-laboratory validation studies based on this guideline have to be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Gabelova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center SAS, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Katarina Kozics
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center SAS, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucyna Kapka-Skrzypczak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; Department of Medical Biology and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; Department of Medical Biology and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225, Rzeszów, Poland; Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Sramkova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center SAS, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Wang M, Yang Q, Long J, Ding Y, Zou X, Liao G, Cao Y. A comparative study of toxicity of TiO 2, ZnO, and Ag nanoparticles to human aortic smooth-muscle cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:8037-8049. [PMID: 30568444 PMCID: PMC6267729 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s188175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the adverse vascular effects of nanoparticles (NPs) in vitro, extensive studies have investigated the toxicity of NPs on endothelial cells, but the knowledge of potential toxicity on human smooth-muscle cells (SMCs) is currently limited. METHODS This study compared the toxicity of TiO2, ZnO, and Ag NPs to human aortic SMCs. RESULTS Only ZnO NPs significantly induced cytotoxicity, accompanied by increased intracellular reactive oxygen species, Zn ions, and endoplasmic reticulum stress biomarkers (DDIT3 expression and p-Chop proteins). All the NPs significantly promoted the release of soluble VCAM1 and soluble sICAM1, but not IL6, which suggested that metal-based NPs might promote inflammatory responses. Furthermore, KLF4 expression (a transcription factor for SMC-phenotype switch) was significantly induced by TiO2 NPs and modestly by ZnO NPs, but the expression of CD68 remained unaltered. CONCLUSION Our data indicated that ZnO NPs were more cytotoxic to human aortic SMCs than TiO2 and Ag NPs at the same mass concentrations, which might have been associated with intracellular reactive oxygen species, Zn ions, and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, People's Republic of China,
| | - Qianyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jimin Long
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yanghuai Ding
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xiaoqing Zou
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, People's Republic of China,
| | - Guochao Liao
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, People's Republic of China,
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Rosário F, Hoet P, Nogueira AJA, Santos C, Oliveira H. Differential pulmonary in vitro toxicity of two small-sized polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silver nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2018; 81:675-690. [PMID: 29939837 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1468837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNP), with their important properties, are being used in a range of sectors from industry to medicine, leading to increased human exposure. Hence, their toxicity potential needs to be comprehensively evaluated. It was postulated that within small-sized (≤20 nm) polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silver nanoparticles (PVP-AgNP), minor size differences may significantly induce different toxicity profiles and involve varying cellular pathways. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the influence of differing size AgNP with 10 nm (AgNP10) and 20 nm (AgNP20) (up to 100 µg/ml), as well as to ionic silver as AgNO3 for 24 and 48 h, using the human lung cell line A549. The effects on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, DNA damage and cell cycle dynamics were assessed. Results for both time periods showed that for low concentrations (<5 µg/ml), AgNP20 were more cytotoxic than AgNP10, however, at higher doses, AgNP10 exhibited higher toxicity. For concentrations >50 µg/ml, AgNP10 induced severe DNA damage (comet class 3-4), cell cycle arrest at G2 phase and late-stage apoptosis, while AgNP20 induced cell cycle arrest at S phase and an increase in the percentage sub-G1, which did not recover after 48 h, and late-stage apoptosis/necrosis. In longer-term exposures, the greater impairment in colony formation due to AgNP exposure than to silver ion supports that nanotoxicity is not exclusively due to the released ion. Data suggest that toxicity mediated by small AgNP (≤20 nm) in lung cells is not only dependent on the level of particle internalization, but also on AgNP size and concentration, which may involve varying pathways as targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Rosário
- a Department of Biology & CESAM , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Peter Hoet
- b Occupational and environmental Toxicology , KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | | | - Conceição Santos
- c Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences , University of Porto , Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena Oliveira
- a Department of Biology & CESAM , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
- d CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials , University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal
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57
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Liang H, He T, Long J, Liu L, Liao G, Ding Y, Cao Y. Influence of bovine serum albumin pre-incubation on toxicity and ER stress-apoptosis gene expression in THP-1 macrophages exposed to ZnO nanoparticles. Toxicol Mech Methods 2018; 28:587-598. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2018.1479907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Liang
- Institute of Rheological Mechanics, Xiangtan University, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, China
| | - Tong He
- Institute of Rheological Mechanics, Xiangtan University, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, China
| | - Jimin Long
- Institute of Rheological Mechanics, Xiangtan University, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, China
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Liangliang Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Guochao Liao
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhuai Ding
- Institute of Rheological Mechanics, Xiangtan University, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Institute of Rheological Mechanics, Xiangtan University, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, China
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
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58
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Dymacek JM, Snyder-Talkington BN, Raese R, Dong C, Singh S, Porter DW, Ducatman B, Wolfarth MG, Andrew ME, Battelli L, Castranova V, Qian Y, Guo NL. Similar and Differential Canonical Pathways and Biological Processes Associated With Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube and Asbestos-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis: A 1-Year Postexposure Study. Int J Toxicol 2018; 37:276-284. [PMID: 29916280 DOI: 10.1177/1091581818779038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory exposure to multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) or asbestos results in fibrosis; however, the mechanisms to reach this end point may be different. A previous study by our group identified pulmonary effects and significantly altered messenger RNA (mRNA) signaling pathways following exposure to 1, 10, 40, and 80 µg MWCNT and 120 µg crocidolite asbestos on mouse lungs over time at 1-month, 6-month, and 1-year postexposure following pulmonary aspiration. As a continuation to the above study, this current study took an in-depth look at the signaling pathways involved in fibrosis development at a single time point, 1 year, and exposure, 40 µg MWCNT, the lowest exposure at which fibrosis was pathologically evident. The 120 µg asbestos exposure was included to compare MWCNT-induced fibrosis with asbestos-induced fibrosis. A previously validated computational model was used to identify mRNAs with expression profiles matching the fibrosis pathology patterns from exposed mouse lungs. mRNAs that matched the pathology patterns were then input into ingenuity pathway analysis to determine potential signaling pathways and physiological disease functions inherent to MWCNT and asbestos exposure. Both MWCNT and asbestos exposure induced changes in mouse lungs regarding gene expression, cell proliferation, and survival, while MWCNT uniquely induced alterations in pathways involved in oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and transcription. Asbestos exposure produced unique alterations in pathways involved in sustained inflammation. Although typically considered similar due to scale and fiber-like appearance, the different compositional properties inherent to either MWCNT or asbestos may play a role in their ability to induce fibrosis after pulmonary exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian M Dymacek
- 1 West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.,2 Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Longwood University, Farmville, VA, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Raese
- 1 West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Chunlin Dong
- 1 West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Salvi Singh
- 1 West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Dale W Porter
- 3 National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Barbara Ducatman
- 1 West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.,4 Department of Pathology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Michael G Wolfarth
- 3 National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Michal E Andrew
- 3 National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Lori Battelli
- 3 National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Vincent Castranova
- 5 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Yong Qian
- 3 National Institute of Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Nancy L Guo
- 1 West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.,6 Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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59
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Demir E, Marcos R. Toxic and genotoxic effects of graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2018; 81:645-660. [PMID: 29873610 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1477314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) are widely used in nanomedicine, and other fields, due to their unique physicochemical properties including high tensile strength, ultra-light weight, thermal and chemical stability, and reliable semi-conductive electronic properties. Although extensive amount of data exist describing their adverse effects including potential genotoxicity, few studies using gene mutation detection approaches in mammalian cells are available, which represents an important gap for risk estimations. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of graphene or MWCNT [as pure, carboxyl (COOH) functionalized, and amide (NH2) functionalized] on cytotoxicity, intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, gene expression changes, and gene mutation induction in L5178Y/Tk+/-3.7.2C mouse lymphoma cell line. Although some adverse effects were observed at concentrations of 350 and 450 µg/ml, which are excessive and not environmentally relevant levels, no marked effects were detected at concentrations of 250 µg/ml and lower. This is the first study reporting cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and gene expression findings in the mouse lymphoma cell line for graphene and different MWCNT forms at high concentrations; however, the biological relevance of these observations needs to be assessed following chronic in vivo exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eşref Demir
- a Faculty of Engineering, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering , Giresun University , Giresun , Turkey
| | - Ricard Marcos
- b Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
- c CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública , ISCIII , Barcelona , Spain
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60
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Saber AT, Mortensen A, Szarek J, Jacobsen NR, Levin M, Koponen IK, Jensen KA, Vogel U, Wallin H. Toxicity of pristine and paint-embedded TiO 2 nanomaterials. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 38:11-24. [PMID: 29766753 DOI: 10.1177/0960327118774910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Little is known on the toxicity of nanomaterials in the user phase. Inclusion of nanomaterials in paints is a common nanotechnology application. This study focuses on the toxicity of dusts from sanding of paints containing nanomaterials. We compared the toxicity of titanium dioxide nanomaterials (TiO2NMs) and dusts generated by sanding boards coated with paints with different amounts of two different types of uncoated TiO2NMs (diameters:10.5 nm and 38 nm). Mice were intratracheally instilled with a single dose of 18, 54 and 162 µg of TiO2NMs or 54, 162 and 486 µg of sanding dusts. At 1, 3 and 28 days post-instillation, we evaluated pulmonary inflammation, liver histology and DNA damage in lung and liver. Pulmonary exposure to both pristine TiO2NMs and sanding dusts with different types of TiO2NMs resulted in dose-dependently increased influx of neutrophils into the lung lumen. There was no difference between the sanding dusts from the two paints. For all exposures but not in vehicle controls, mild histological lesions were observed in the liver. Pulmonary exposure to pristine TiO2NMs and paint dusts with TiO2NMs caused similar type of histological lesions in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Saber
- 1 The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Mortensen
- 1 The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Szarek
- 2 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - N R Jacobsen
- 1 The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Levin
- 1 The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - I K Koponen
- 1 The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K A Jensen
- 1 The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - U Vogel
- 1 The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,3 Department of Micro and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - H Wallin
- 1 The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,4 Present address: National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
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Benedikter BJ, Wouters EFM, Savelkoul PHM, Rohde GGU, Stassen FRM. Extracellular vesicles released in response to respiratory exposures: implications for chronic disease. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2018; 21:142-160. [PMID: 29714636 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2018.1466380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are secreted signaling entities that enhance various pathological processes when released in response to cellular stresses. Respiratory exposures such as cigarette smoke and air pollution exert cellular stresses and are associated with an increased risk of several chronic diseases. The aim of this review was to examine the evidence that modifications in EV contribute to respiratory exposure-associated diseases. Publications were searched using PubMed and Google Scholar with the search terms (cigarette smoke OR tobacco smoke OR air pollution OR particulate matter) AND (extracellular vesicles OR exosomes OR microvesicles OR microparticles OR ectosomes). All original research articles were included and reviewed. Fifty articles were identified, most of which investigated the effect of respiratory exposures on EV release in vitro (25) and/or on circulating EV in human plasma (24). The majority of studies based their main observations on the relatively insensitive scatter-based flow cytometry of EV (29). EV induced by respiratory exposures were found to modulate inflammation (19), thrombosis (13), endothelial dysfunction (11), tissue remodeling (6), and angiogenesis (3). By influencing these processes, EV may play a key role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and possibly lung cancer and allergic asthma. The current findings warrant additional research with improved methodologies to evaluate the contribution of respiratory exposure-induced EV to disease etiology, as well as their potential as biomarkers of exposure or risk and as novel targets for preventive or therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birke J Benedikter
- a Department of Medical Microbiology , NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht , The Netherlands
- b Department of Respiratory Medicine , NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Emiel F M Wouters
- b Department of Respiratory Medicine , NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Paul H M Savelkoul
- a Department of Medical Microbiology , NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht , The Netherlands
- c Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Control , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Gernot G U Rohde
- d Medical clinic I, Department of Respiratory Medicine , Goethe University Hospital , Frankfurt/Main , Germany
| | - Frank R M Stassen
- a Department of Medical Microbiology , NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht , The Netherlands
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Asl BA, Mogharizadeh L, Khomjani N, Rasti B, Pishva SP, Akhtari K, Attar F, Falahati M. Probing the interaction of zero valent iron nanoparticles with blood system by biophysical, docking, cellular, and molecular studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 109:639-650. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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63
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Warheit DB. Hazard and risk assessment strategies for nanoparticle exposures: how far have we come in the past 10 years? F1000Res 2018; 7:376. [PMID: 29636906 PMCID: PMC5871814 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.12691.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an emerging, cross-disciplinary technology designed to create and synthesize new materials at the nanoscale (generally defined as a particle size range of ≤10
-9 meters) to generate innovative or altered material properties. The particle properties can be modified to promote different and more flexible applications, resulting in consumer benefits, particularly in medical, cosmetic, and industrial applications. As this applied science matures and flourishes, concerns have arisen regarding potential health effects of exposures to untested materials, as many newly developed products have not been adequately evaluated. Indeed, it is necessary to ensure that societal and commercial advantages are not outweighed by potential human health or environmental disadvantages. Therefore, a variety of international planning activities or research efforts have been proposed or implemented, particularly in the European Union and United States, with the expectation that significant advances will be made in understanding potential hazards related to exposures in the occupational and/or consumer environments. One of the first conclusions reached regarding hazardous effects of nanoparticles stemmed from the findings of early pulmonary toxicology studies, suggesting that lung exposures to ultrafine particles were more toxic than those to larger, fine-sized particles of similar chemistry. This review documents some of the conceptual planning efforts, implementation strategies/activities, and research accomplishments over the past 10 years or so. It also highlights (in this author’s opinion) some shortcomings in the research efforts and accomplishments over the same duration. In general, much progress has been made in developing and implementing environmental, health, and safety research-based protocols for addressing nanosafety issues. However, challenges remain in adequately investigating health effects given 1) many different nanomaterial types, 2) various potential routes of exposure, 3) nanomaterial characterization issues, 4) limitations in research methodologies, such as time-course and dose-response issues, and 5) inadequate
in vitro methodologies for
in vivo standardized, guideline toxicity testing.
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Vasomotor function in rat arteries after ex vivo and intragastric exposure to food-grade titanium dioxide and vegetable carbon particles. Part Fibre Toxicol 2018; 15:12. [PMID: 29482579 PMCID: PMC5828140 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-018-0248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Humans are continuously exposed to particles in the gastrointestinal tract. Exposure may occur directly through ingestion of particles via food or indirectly by removal of inhaled material from the airways by the mucociliary clearance system. We examined the effects of food-grade particle exposure on vasomotor function and systemic oxidative stress in an ex vivo study and intragastrically exposed rats. Methods In an ex vivo study, aorta rings from naïve Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed for 30 min to food-grade TiO2 (E171), benchmark TiO2 (Aeroxide P25), food-grade vegetable carbon (E153) or benchmark carbon black (Printex 90). Subsequently, the vasomotor function was assessed in wire myographs. In an in vivo study, lean Zucker rats were exposed intragastrically once a week for 10 weeks to vehicle, E171 or E153. Doses were comparable to human daily intake. Vasomotor function in the coronary arteries and aorta was assessed using wire myographs. Tetrahydrobiopterin, ascorbate, malondialdehyde and asymmetric dimethylarginine were measured in blood as markers of oxidative stress and vascular function. Results Direct exposure of E171 to aorta rings ex vivo increased the acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation and 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced vasocontraction. E153 only increased acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation, and Printex 90 increased the 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced vasocontraction, whereas Aeroxide P25 did not affect the vasomotor function. In vivo exposure showed similar results as ex vivo exposure; increased acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation in coronary artery segments of E153 and E171 exposed rats, whereas E171 exposure altered 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced vasocontraction in distal coronary artery segments. Plasma levels of markers of oxidative stress and vascular function showed no differences between groups. Conclusion Gastrointestinal tract exposure to E171 and E153 was associated with modest albeit statistically significant alterations in the vasocontraction and vasorelaxation responses. Direct particle exposure to aorta rings elicited a similar type of response. The vasomotor responses were not related to biomarkers of systemic oxidative stress.
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Öner D, Ghosh M, Bové H, Moisse M, Boeckx B, Duca RC, Poels K, Luyts K, Putzeys E, Van Landuydt K, Vanoirbeek JA, Ameloot M, Lambrechts D, Godderis L, Hoet PH. Differences in MWCNT- and SWCNT-induced DNA methylation alterations in association with the nuclear deposition. Part Fibre Toxicol 2018; 15:11. [PMID: 29426343 PMCID: PMC5807760 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-018-0244-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subtle DNA methylation alterations mediated by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exposure might contribute to pathogenesis and disease susceptibility. It is known that both multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) interact with nucleus. Such, nuclear-CNT interaction may affect the DNA methylation effects. In order to understand the epigenetic toxicity, in particular DNA methylation alterations, of SWCNTs and short MWCNTs, we performed global/genome-wide, gene-specific DNA methylation and RNA-expression analyses after exposing human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE14o- cell line). In addition, the presence of CNTs on/in the cell nucleus was evaluated in a label-free way using femtosecond pulsed laser microscopy. RESULTS Generally, a higher number of SWCNTs, compared to MWCNTs, was deposited at both the cellular and nuclear level after exposure. Nonetheless, both CNT types were in physical contact with the nuclei. While particle type dependency was noticed for the identified genome-wide and gene-specific alterations, no global DNA methylation alteration on 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) sites was observed for both CNTs. After exposure to MWCNTs, 2398 genes were hypomethylated (at gene promoters), and after exposure to SWCNTs, 589 CpG sites (located on 501 genes) were either hypo- (N = 493 CpG sites) or hypermethylated (N = 96 CpG sites). Cells exposed to MWCNTs exhibited a better correlation between gene promoter methylation and gene expression alterations. Differentially methylated and expressed genes induced changes (MWCNTs > SWCNTs) at different cellular pathways, such as p53 signalling, DNA damage repair and cell cycle. On the other hand, SWCNT exposure showed hypermethylation on functionally important genes, such as SKI proto-oncogene (SKI), glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GTSP1) and shroom family member 2 (SHROOM2) and neurofibromatosis type I (NF1), which the latter is both hypermethylated and downregulated. CONCLUSION After exposure to both types of CNTs, epigenetic alterations may contribute to toxic or repair response. Moreover, our results suggest that the observed differences in the epigenetic response depend on particle type and differential CNT-nucleus interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Öner
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Manosij Ghosh
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hannelore Bové
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Biomedical Research Institute, Agoralaan Building C, Hasselt University, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, VIB Centre for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Boeckx
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, VIB Centre for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Radu C Duca
- Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Poels
- Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Luyts
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eveline Putzeys
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Unit of Biomaterials (BIOMAT), KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kirsten Van Landuydt
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Unit of Biomaterials (BIOMAT), KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Aj Vanoirbeek
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marcel Ameloot
- Biomedical Research Institute, Agoralaan Building C, Hasselt University, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, VIB Centre for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lode Godderis
- Laboratory for Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, IDEWE, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Hm Hoet
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Unit of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Babik KR, Dahm MM, Dunn KH, Dunn KL, Schubauer-Berigan MK. Characterizing workforces exposed to current and emerging non-carbonaceous nanomaterials in the U.S. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 2018; 15:44-56. [PMID: 29053929 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2017.1376252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Toxicology studies suggest that exposure to certain types of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) may cause adverse health effects, but little is known about the workforce in the United States that produces or uses these materials. In addition, occupational exposure control strategies in this industry are not well characterized. This study identified U.S. ENM manufacturers and users (other than carbon nanotubes and nanofibers, which have been characterized elsewhere), determined workforce size, characterized types and quantities of materials used, occupational exposure control strategies, and the feasibility of occupational ENM exposure studies. METHODS Eligible companies were identified and information was collected through phone surveys on nanomaterials produced or used, workforce size, location, work practices, and exposure control strategies. The companies were classified into groups for additional examinations. RESULTS Forty-nine companies producing or using ENMs in the U.S. were identified. These companies employed at least 1,500 workers. Most companies produced or used some form of nanoscale metal. More than half of the eligible companies were suppliers for the coatings, composite materials, or general industries. Each company provided information about worker exposure reduction strategies through engineering controls, administrative controls, or personal protective equipment. Production-scale companies reported greater use of specific exposure control strategies for ENMs than laboratory-scale companies. CONCLUSIONS Workplaces producing or using ENMs report using engineering and administrative controls as well as personal protective equipment to control worker exposure. Industrywide exposure assessment studies appear feasible due to workforce size. However, more effort must be taken to target industries using specific ENMs based on known toxicological effects and health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey R Babik
- a Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Cincinnati , Ohio
| | - Matthew M Dahm
- a Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Cincinnati , Ohio
| | - Kevin H Dunn
- b Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Cincinnati , Ohio
| | - Kevin L Dunn
- a Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Cincinnati , Ohio
| | - Mary K Schubauer-Berigan
- a Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) , Cincinnati , Ohio
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Johnston HJ, Verdon R, Gillies S, Brown DM, Fernandes TF, Henry TB, Rossi AG, Tran L, Tucker C, Tyler CR, Stone V. Adoption of in vitro systems and zebrafish embryos as alternative models for reducing rodent use in assessments of immunological and oxidative stress responses to nanomaterials. Crit Rev Toxicol 2017; 48:252-271. [PMID: 29239234 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2017.1404965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Assessing the safety of engineered nanomaterials (NMs) is paramount to the responsible and sustainable development of nanotechnology, which provides huge societal benefits. Currently, there is no evidence that engineered NMs cause detrimental health effects in humans. However, investigation of NM toxicity using in vivo, in vitro, in chemico, and in silico models has demonstrated that some NMs stimulate oxidative stress and inflammation, which may lead to adverse health effects. Accordingly, investigation of these responses currently dominates NM safety assessments. There is a need to reduce reliance on rodent testing in nanotoxicology for ethical, financial and legislative reasons, and due to evidence that rodent models do not always predict the human response. We advocate that in vitro models and zebrafish embryos should have greater prominence in screening for NM safety, to better align nanotoxicology with the 3Rs principles. Zebrafish are accepted for use by regulatory agencies in chemical safety assessments (e.g. developmental biology) and there is growing acceptance of their use in biomedical research, providing strong foundations for their use in nanotoxicology. We suggest that investigation of the response of phagocytic cells (e.g. neutrophils, macrophages) in vitro should also form a key part of NM safety assessments, due to their prominent role in the first line of defense. The development of a tiered testing strategy for NM hazard assessment that promotes the more widespread adoption of non-rodent, alternative models and focuses on investigation of inflammation and oxidative stress could make nanotoxicology testing more ethical, relevant, and cost and time efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel Verdon
- a Nano Safety Research Group , Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Suzanne Gillies
- a Nano Safety Research Group , Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh , UK
| | - David M Brown
- a Nano Safety Research Group , Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh , UK
| | | | - Theodore B Henry
- a Nano Safety Research Group , Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Adriano G Rossi
- b Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Lang Tran
- c Institute of Occupational Medicine , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Carl Tucker
- b Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Charles R Tyler
- d Department of Biosciences , College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Exeter , UK
| | - Vicki Stone
- a Nano Safety Research Group , Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh , UK
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Aligning nanotoxicology with the 3Rs: What is needed to realise the short, medium and long-term opportunities? Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 91:257-266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kaweeteerawat C, Na Ubol P, Sangmuang S, Aueviriyavit S, Maniratanachote R. Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in bacteria mediated by silver nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:1276-1289. [PMID: 29020531 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1376727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in industry, consumer products, and medical appliances due to their efficient antimicrobial properties. However, information on environmental toxicity and bacterial impact of these particles is not completely elucidated. Results showed that AgNPs produced growth inhibition and oxidative stress in bacteria Escherichia coli (gram negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive), with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 12 and 7 mg/L, respectively. Surprisingly, bacteria pre-exposed to sublethal dose of AgNPs exhibited increased resistance toward antibiotics (ampicillin and Pen-Strep) with IC50 elevated by 3-13-fold. Further, AgNP pre-exposure raised the minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal biocidal concentration by two- to eightfold when cells were challenged with antibiotics with diverse mechanisms of action (penicillin, chloramphenicol, and kanamycin). Interestingly, we found that upon exposure to ampicillin, strains pretreated with AgNPs exhibited lower levels of membrane damage and oxidative stress, together with elevated levels of intracellular ATP relative to untreated cells. Bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) showed that AgNPs are highly mutagenic, consistent with further assays demonstrating abiotic reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and intrinsic DNA cleavage activity in vitro of AgNPs. Overall, our results suggest that AgNPs enhance bacterial resistance to antibiotics by promoting stress tolerance through induction of intracellular ROS. Our data suggest potential consequences of incidental environmental exposure of bacteria to AgNPs and indicate the need to regulate use and disposal of AgNPs in industry and consumer products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitrada Kaweeteerawat
- a Nano Safety and Risk Assessment Laboratory , National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , Khlong Luang , Pathum Thani , Thailand
| | - Preeyawis Na Ubol
- a Nano Safety and Risk Assessment Laboratory , National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , Khlong Luang , Pathum Thani , Thailand
| | - Sanirat Sangmuang
- a Nano Safety and Risk Assessment Laboratory , National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , Khlong Luang , Pathum Thani , Thailand
| | - Sasitorn Aueviriyavit
- a Nano Safety and Risk Assessment Laboratory , National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , Khlong Luang , Pathum Thani , Thailand
| | - Rawiwan Maniratanachote
- a Nano Safety and Risk Assessment Laboratory , National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) , Khlong Luang , Pathum Thani , Thailand
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Stone V, Miller MR, Clift MJD, Elder A, Mills NL, Møller P, Schins RPF, Vogel U, Kreyling WG, Alstrup Jensen K, Kuhlbusch TAJ, Schwarze PE, Hoet P, Pietroiusti A, De Vizcaya-Ruiz A, Baeza-Squiban A, Teixeira JP, Tran CL, Cassee FR. Nanomaterials Versus Ambient Ultrafine Particles: An Opportunity to Exchange Toxicology Knowledge. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:106002. [PMID: 29017987 PMCID: PMC5933410 DOI: 10.1289/ehp424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A rich body of literature exists that has demonstrated adverse human health effects following exposure to ambient air particulate matter (PM), and there is strong support for an important role of ultrafine (nanosized) particles. At present, relatively few human health or epidemiology data exist for engineered nanomaterials (NMs) despite clear parallels in their physicochemical properties and biological actions in in vitro models. OBJECTIVES NMs are available with a range of physicochemical characteristics, which allows a more systematic toxicological analysis. Therefore, the study of ultrafine particles (UFP, <100 nm in diameter) provides an opportunity to identify plausible health effects for NMs, and the study of NMs provides an opportunity to facilitate the understanding of the mechanism of toxicity of UFP. METHODS A workshop of experts systematically analyzed the available information and identified 19 key lessons that can facilitate knowledge exchange between these discipline areas. DISCUSSION Key lessons range from the availability of specific techniques and standard protocols for physicochemical characterization and toxicology assessment to understanding and defining dose and the molecular mechanisms of toxicity. This review identifies a number of key areas in which additional research prioritization would facilitate both research fields simultaneously. CONCLUSION There is now an opportunity to apply knowledge from NM toxicology and use it to better inform PM health risk research and vice versa. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP424.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Stone
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Mark R Miller
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Martin J D Clift
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Alison Elder
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Nicholas L Mills
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roel P F Schins
- IUF Leibniz-Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang G Kreyling
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Thomas A J Kuhlbusch
- Air Quality & Sustainable Nanotechnology Unit, Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V. (IUTA), Duisburg, Germany
- Federal Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Duisburg, Germany
| | | | - Peter Hoet
- Center for Environment and Health, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Antonio Pietroiusti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea De Vizcaya-Ruiz
- Departmento de Toxicología, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV-IPN), México City, México
| | | | - João Paulo Teixeira
- National Institute of Health, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto–Epidemiology (ISPUP-EPI) Unit, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Lang Tran
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Fang X, Jiang L, Gong Y, Li J, Liu L, Cao Y. The presence of oleate stabilized ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) and reduced the toxicity of aged NPs to Caco-2 and HepG2 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 278:40-47. [PMID: 28987328 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The presence of food components may alter the colloidal aspects and toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs). In this study, the toxicity of ZnO NPs to Caco-2 and HepG2 cells was assessed, with the emphasis on the interactions between ZnO NPs and oleate (OA). The presence of OA increased UV-Vis spectra and hydrodynamic sizes, decreased Zeta potential, and markedly reduced the release of Zn ions from the dissolution of ZnO NPs, which combined indicated that OA could coat ZnO NPs and stabilize ZnO NPs. Exposure to ZnO NPs significantly induced cytotoxicity to Caco-2 and HepG2 cells, associated with increased intracellular Zn ions but not superoxide. When OA was added to the freshly prepared ZnO NP suspensions, the cytotoxicity, intracellular Zn ions and superoxide induced by ZnO NPs were not significantly affected. However, when ZnO NPs were aged for 24 h with the presence of OA, the cytotoxicity of ZnO NPs to Caco-2 and HepG2 cells was significantly reduced, associated with a reduction of intracellular Zn ions. The results from this study suggested that the presence of OA could increase colloidal stability of ZnO NPs and consequently reduce the toxicity of ZnO NPs after aging associated with reduced accumulation of intracellular Zn ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fang
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Leying Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Yu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Liangliang Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China.
| | - Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China; Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China.
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Møller P, Jacobsen NR. Weight of evidence analysis for assessing the genotoxic potential of carbon nanotubes. Crit Rev Toxicol 2017; 47:867-884. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2017.1367755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K, Denmark
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Martins ADC, Azevedo LF, de Souza Rocha CC, Carneiro MFH, Venancio VP, de Almeida MR, Antunes LMG, de Carvalho Hott R, Rodrigues JL, Ogunjimi AT, Adeyemi JA, Barbosa F. Evaluation of distribution, redox parameters, and genotoxicity in Wistar rats co-exposed to silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:1156-1165. [PMID: 28891756 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1357376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The increasing production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) has resulted in their elevated concentrations in the environment. This study was, therefore, aimed at determining the distribution, redox parameters, and genotoxic effects in male Wistar rats that were treated with either AgNP or TiO2NP individually, as well as under a co-exposure scenario. Animals were exposed via oral gavage to either sodium citrate buffer (vehicle), 0.5 mg/kg/day TiO2NP, 0.5 mg/kg/day AgNP or a mixture of TiO2NPs and AgNPs. Exposure lasted 45 days after which rats were sacrificed, and tissue biodistribution of Ag and Ti measured. The blood concentration of glutathione (GSH) and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) were determined while the genotoxicity was analyzed using the comet assay in peripheral blood and liver cells. The tissue concentrations of Ag followed the order; blood > liver > kidneys while for Ti the order was kidneys > liver > blood. There was no significant change in the measured redox parameters in animals that were exposed to TiO2NPs. However, there was a significant increase in GSH levels accompanied by a reduction in the GPx activity in AgNP-treated and co-exposed groups. The individual or co-exposure to TiO2NP and AgNP did not markedly induce genotoxicity in blood or liver cells. Data showed that TiO2NP did not produce significant oxidative stress or genotoxicity in rats at the dose used in this study while the same dose level of AgNPs resulted in oxidative stress, but no noticeable adverse genotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airton da Cunha Martins
- a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas , Universidade de São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Lara Ferreira Azevedo
- a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas , Universidade de São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Cecília Cristina de Souza Rocha
- a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas , Universidade de São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Hornos Carneiro
- a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas , Universidade de São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Vinicius Paula Venancio
- a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas , Universidade de São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Mara Ribeiro de Almeida
- a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas , Universidade de São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes
- a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas , Universidade de São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Rodrigo de Carvalho Hott
- b Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri , Teófilo Otoni , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Jairo Lisboa Rodrigues
- b Instituto de Ciência, Engenharia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri , Teófilo Otoni , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Abayomi T Ogunjimi
- a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas , Universidade de São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo , Brazil
- c Department of Pharmaceutics , Obafemi Awolowo University , Ile-Ife , Osun State , Nigeria
| | - Joseph A Adeyemi
- a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas , Universidade de São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo , Brazil
- d Department of Biology, School of Sciences , Federal University of Technology , Akure , Ondo State , Nigeria
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- a Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas , Universidade de São Paulo , Av. do Café s/n, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto , São Paulo , Brazil
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74
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Impact of surface functionalization on the uptake mechanism and toxicity effects of silver nanoparticles in HepG2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 107:349-361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Mesquita B, Lopes I, Silva S, Bessa MJ, Starykevich M, Carneiro J, Galvão TLP, Ferreira MGS, Tedim J, Teixeira JP, Fraga S. Gold nanorods induce early embryonic developmental delay and lethality in zebrafish (Danio rerio). JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:672-687. [PMID: 28696918 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1331597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to their unique electronic and optical features, gold nanoparticles (AuNP) have received a great deal of attention for application in different fields such as catalysis, electronics, and biomedicine. The large-volume manufacturing predicted for future decades and the inevitable release of these substances into the environment necessitated an assessment of potential adverse human and ecological risks due to exposure to AuNP. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine the acute and developmental toxicity attributed to a commercial suspension of Au nanorods stabilized with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB-AuNR) using early embryonic stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio), a well-established model in ecotoxicology. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to CTAB-AuNR (0-150 µg/L) to determine for developmental assessment until 96 hr post fertilization (hpf) and lethality. Uptake of CTAB-AuNR by embryos and nanoparticles potential to induce DNA damage was also measured at 48 and 96 hpf. Analysis of the concentration-response curves with cumulative mortality at 96 hpf revealed a median lethal concentration (LC50,96h) of 110.2 μg/L. At sublethal concentrations, CTAB-AuNR suspensions were found to produce developmental abnormalities such as tail deformities, pericardial edema, decreased body length, and delayed eye, head, and tail elongation development. Further, less than 1% of the initial concentration of CTAB-AuNR present in the exposure media was internalized by zebrafish embryos prior to (48 hpf) and after hatching (96 hpf). In addition, no marked DNA damage was detected in embryos after exposure to CTAB-AuNR. Overall, CTAB-AuNR suspensions produced lethal and sublethal effects on zebrafish embryos with possible repercussions in fitness of adult stages. However, these results foresee a low risk for fish since the observed effects occurred at concentrations above the levels expected to find in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Mesquita
- a EPIUnit- Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
- b Departamento de Saúde Ambiental , Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge , Porto , Portugal
| | - Isabel Lopes
- c Departamento de Biologia & CESAM , Campus de Santiago , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Susana Silva
- a EPIUnit- Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
- b Departamento de Saúde Ambiental , Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge , Porto , Portugal
| | - Maria João Bessa
- a EPIUnit- Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
- b Departamento de Saúde Ambiental , Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge , Porto , Portugal
| | - Maksim Starykevich
- d Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais e Cerâmica , CICECO , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Jorge Carneiro
- d Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais e Cerâmica , CICECO , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Tiago L P Galvão
- d Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais e Cerâmica , CICECO , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - Mário G S Ferreira
- d Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais e Cerâmica , CICECO , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - João Tedim
- d Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais e Cerâmica , CICECO , Aveiro , Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- a EPIUnit- Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
- b Departamento de Saúde Ambiental , Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge , Porto , Portugal
| | - Sónia Fraga
- a EPIUnit- Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
- b Departamento de Saúde Ambiental , Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge , Porto , Portugal
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76
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Viswanath B, Kim S. Influence of Nanotoxicity on Human Health and Environment: The Alternative Strategies. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 242:61-104. [PMID: 27718008 DOI: 10.1007/398_2016_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently, nanotechnology revolutionizing both scientific and industrial community due to their applications in the fields of medicine, environmental protection, energy, and space exploration. Despite of the evident benefits of nanoparticles, there are still open questions about the influence of these nanoparticles on human health and environment. This is one of the critical issues that have to be addressed in the near future, before massive production of nanomaterials. Manufactured nanoparticles, which are finding ever-increasing applications in industry and consumer products fall into the category of emerging contaminants with ecological and toxicological effects on populations, communities and ecosystems. The existing experimental knowledge gave evidence that inhaled nanoparticles are less efficiently separated than larger particles by the macrophage clearance mechanisms and these nanoparticles are known to translocate through the lymphatic, circulatory and nervous systems to many tissues and organs, including the brain. In this review we highlight adverse impacts of nanoparticles on human and the environment with special emphasis on green nanoscience as a sustainable alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buddolla Viswanath
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, San 65, Bokjeong-Dong, Sujeong-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 461-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyo Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, San 65, Bokjeong-Dong, Sujeong-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 461-701, Republic of Korea.
- Gil Medical Center, Graduate Gachon Medical Research Institute, Incheon, 405-760, Republic of Korea.
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77
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Gomes JF, Miranda RM. Determination of "safe" and "critical" nanoparticles exposure to welders in a workshop. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:767-775. [PMID: 28524808 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1286904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined consequences of "safe" versus "critical" exposure to nanoparticles (NP) released during welding operations. With this aim in mind, a set of measurements regarding NP emissions was undertaken in a workshop during welding by metal active gas of carbon steel using different mixtures of argon (Ar) and carbon dioxide (CO2) as well as different process parameters which might influence emission of (NP). If these measurements were conducted in several locations away from the welding sources, the graphical representation of the obtained observations with time enabled definition of "safe" and "critical" regions within a welding workshop in terms of welder's exposure. This information may be combined with the results of risk analysis derived by control banding and helps to categorize the sites where regulatory measures such as operation containment or dedicated exhaust ventilation need to be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Gomes
- a CERENA - Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Instituto Superior Técnico - Universidade Técnica de Lisboa , Lisboa , Portugal
- b ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa , Área Departamental de Engenharia Química , Lisboa , Portugal
| | - R M Miranda
- c UNIDEMI, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica e Industrial , Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Caparica , Portugal
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78
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Chen G, Shen Y, Li X, Jiang Q, Cheng S, Gu Y, Liu L, Cao Y. The endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer thapsigargin enhances the toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles to macrophages and macrophage-endothelial co-culture. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 50:103-110. [PMID: 28171821 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
It was recently shown that exposure to ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) could induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress both in vivo and in vitro, but the role of ER stress in ZnO NP induced toxicity remains unclear. Because macrophages are sensitive to ER stress, we hypothesized that stressing macrophages with ER stress inducer could enhance the toxicity of ZnO NPs. In this study, the effects of ER stress inducer thapsigargin (TG) on the toxicity of ZnO NPs to THP-1 macrophages were investigated. The results showed that TG enhanced ZnO NP induced cytotoxicity as revealed by water soluble tetrazolium-1 (WST-1) and neutral red uptake assays, but not lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. ZnO NPs dose-dependently enhanced the accumulation of intracellular Zn ions without the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the presence of TG did not significantly affect these effects. In the co-culture, exposure of THP-1 macrophages in the upper chamber to ZnO NPs and TG significantly reduced the viability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the lower chamber, but the release of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) was not induced. In summary, our data showed that stressing THP-1 macrophages with TG enhanced the cytotoxicity of ZnO NPs to macrophages and macrophage-endothelial co-cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Yuexin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Xiyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Qin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Yuxiu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Liangliang Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, PR China.
| | - Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Lab of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China.
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79
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Kermanizadeh A, Jantzen K, Ward MB, Durhuus JA, Juel Rasmussen L, Loft S, Møller P. Nanomaterial-induced cell death in pulmonary and hepatic cells following exposure to three different metallic materials: The role of autophagy and apoptosis. Nanotoxicology 2017; 11:184-200. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2017.1279359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kermanizadeh
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Jantzen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael B. Ward
- Leeds Electron Microscopy and Spectroscopy (LEMAS) Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jon Ambæk Durhuus
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Center for Healthy Aging, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Juel Rasmussen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Center for Healthy Aging, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steffen Loft
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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80
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Sthijns MMJPE, Thongkam W, Albrecht C, Hellack B, Bast A, Haenen GRMM, Schins RPF. Silver nanoparticles induce hormesis in A549 human epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 40:223-233. [PMID: 28109747 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the gaps in our knowledge on the toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), the application of these materials is fast expanding, from medicine, to food as well as the use in consumer products. It has been reported that prolonged exposure might make cells more resistant to AgNPs. This prompted us to investigate if AgNPs may give rise to a hormetic response. Two types of AgNPs were used, i.e. colloidal AgNPs and an AgNP powder. For both types of nanosilver it was found that a low dose pretreatment of A549 human epithelial cells with AgNPs induced protection against a toxic dose of AgNPs and acrolein. This protection was more pronounced after pretreatment with the colloidal AgNPs. Interestingly, the mechanism of the hormetic response appeared to differ from that of acrolein. Adaptation to acrolein is related to Nrf2 translocation, increased mRNA expression of γGCS, HO-1 and increased GSH levels and the increased GSH levels can explain the hormetic effect. The adaptive response to AgNPs was not related to an increase in mRNA expression of γGCS and GSH levels. Yet, HO-1 mRNA expression and Nrf2 immunoreactivity were enhanced, indicating that these processes might be involved. So, AgNPs induce adaptation, but in contrast to acrolein GSH plays no role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille M J P E Sthijns
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Waluree Thongkam
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 DE Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Catrin Albrecht
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 DE Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bryan Hellack
- Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology e.V. (IUTA), Bliersheimerstraße 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Aalt Bast
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Guido R M M Haenen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel P F Schins
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 DE Düsseldorf, Germany
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81
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Gu Y, Cheng S, Chen G, Shen Y, Li X, Jiang Q, Li J, Cao Y. The effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer thapsigargin on the toxicity of ZnO or TiO2 nanoparticles to human endothelial cells. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 27:191-200. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2016.1273429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, PR China
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, PR China
| | - Gui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, PR China
| | - Yuexin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, PR China
| | - Xiyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, PR China
| | - Qin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, PR China
| | - Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, PR China
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82
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Kim KB, Kim YW, Lim SK, Roh TH, Bang DY, Choi SM, Lim DS, Kim YJ, Baek SH, Kim MK, Seo HS, Kim MH, Kim HS, Lee JY, Kacew S, Lee BM. Risk assessment of zinc oxide, a cosmetic ingredient used as a UV filter of sunscreens. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2017; 20:155-182. [PMID: 28509652 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2017.1290516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO), an inorganic compound that appears as a white powder, is used frequently as an ingredient in sunscreens. The aim of this review was to examine the toxicology and risk assessment of ZnO based upon available published data. Recent studies on acute, sub-acute, and chronic toxicities of ZnO indicated that this compound is virtually non-toxic in animal models. However, it was reported that ZnO nanoparticles (NP) (particle size, 40 nm) induced significant changes in anemia-related hematologic parameters and mild to moderate pancreatitis in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats at 536.8 mg/kg/day in a 13-week oral toxicity study. ZnO displayed no carcinogenic potential, and skin penetration is low. No-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) ZnO was determined to be 268.4 mg/kg/day in a 13-week oral toxicity study, and a maximum systemic exposure dose (SED) of ZnO was estimated to be 0.6 mg/kg/day based on topical application of sunscreen containing ZnO. Subsequently, the lowest margin of safety (MOS) was estimated to be 448.2, which indicates that the use of ZnO in sunscreen is safe. A risk assessment was undertaken considering other routes of exposure (inhalation or oral) and major product types (cream, lotion, spray, and propellant). Human data revealed that MOS values (7.37 for skin exposure from cream and lotion type; 8.64 for skin exposure of spray type; 12.87 for inhalation exposure of propellant type; 3.32 for oral exposure of sunscreen) are all within the safe range (MOS > 1). Risk assessment of ZnO indicates that this compound may be used safely in cosmetic products within the current regulatory limits of 25% in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Bong Kim
- a College of Pharmacy , Dankook University , Dandae-ro, Cheonan , Chungnam , South Korea
| | - Young Woo Kim
- b Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Gyeonggi-Do , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Seong Kwang Lim
- b Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Gyeonggi-Do , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Roh
- b Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Gyeonggi-Do , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Du Yeon Bang
- b Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Gyeonggi-Do , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Seul Min Choi
- b Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Gyeonggi-Do , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Duck Soo Lim
- b Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Gyeonggi-Do , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Kim
- b Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Gyeonggi-Do , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Seol-Hwa Baek
- b Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Gyeonggi-Do , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Min-Kook Kim
- b Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Gyeonggi-Do , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Hyo-Seon Seo
- b Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Gyeonggi-Do , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Min-Hwa Kim
- b Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Gyeonggi-Do , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- b Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Gyeonggi-Do , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- c College of Pharmacy , The Catholic University of Korea , Bucheon , South Korea
| | - Sam Kacew
- d McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada
| | - Byung-Mu Lee
- b Division of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Gyeonggi-Do , Suwon , South Korea
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83
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Krajnak K, Sriram K, Johnson C, Roberts JR, Mercer R, Miller GR, Wirth O, Antonini JM. Effects of pulmonary exposure to chemically-distinct welding fumes on neuroendocrine markers of toxicity. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:301-314. [PMID: 28598268 PMCID: PMC6422021 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1318324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to welding fumes may result in disorders of the pulmonary, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems. Welders are also at a greater risk of developing symptoms similar to those seen in individuals with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. In welders, there are studies that suggest that alterations in circulating prolactin concentrations may be indicative of injury to the dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra. The goal of these studies was to use an established model of welding particulate exposure to mimic the effects of welding fume inhalation on reproductive functions. Since previous investigators suggested that changes in circulating prolactin may be an early marker of DA neuron injury, movement disorders, and reproductive dysfunction, prolactin, hypothalamic tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) levels (a marker of DA synthesis), and other measures of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) function were measured after repetitive instillation of welding fume particulates generated by flux core arc-hard surfacing (FCA-HS), manual metal arc-hard surfacing (MMA-HS) or gas metal arc-mild steel (GMA-MS) welding, or manganese chloride (MnCl2). Exposure to welding fume particulate resulted in the accumulation of various metals in the pituitary and testes of rats, along with changes in hypothalamic TH and serum prolactin levels. Exposure to particulates with high concentrations of soluble manganese (Mn) appeared to exert the greatest influence on TH activity levels and serum prolactin concentrations. Thus, circulating prolactin levels may serve as a biomarker for welding fume/Mn-induced neurotoxicity. Other reproductive measures were collected, and these data were consistent with epidemiological findings that prolactin and testosterone may serve as biomarkers of welding particulate induced DA neuron and reproductive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Krajnak
- Engineering Controls and Technology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - K. Sriram
- Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - C. Johnson
- Engineering Controls and Technology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - J. R. Roberts
- Exposure Assessment Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - R. Mercer
- Physiology and Pathology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - G. R. Miller
- Engineering Controls and Technology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - O. Wirth
- Biostatistic and Epidemiology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - J. M. Antonini
- Physiology and Pathology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
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84
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Bunderson-Schelvan M, Holian A, Hamilton RF. Engineered nanomaterial-induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization and anti-cathepsin agents. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2017; 20:230-248. [PMID: 28632040 PMCID: PMC6127079 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2017.1305924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), or small anthropogenic particles approximately < 100 nm in size and of various shapes and compositions, are increasingly incorporated into commercial products and used for industrial and medical purposes. There is an exposure risk to both the population at large and individuals in the workplace with inhalation exposures to ENMs being a primary concern. Further, there is increasing evidence to suggest that certain ENMs may represent a significant health risk, and many of these ENMs exhibit distinct similarities with other particles and fibers that are known to induce adverse health effects, such as asbestos, silica, and particulate matter (PM). Evidence regarding the importance of lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and release of cathepsins in ENM toxicity has been accumulating. The aim of this review was to describe our current understanding of the mechanisms leading to ENM-associated pathologies, including LMP and the role of cathepsins with a focus on inflammation. In addition, anti-cathepsin agents, some of which have been tested in clinical trials and may prove useful for ameliorating the harmful effects of ENM exposure, are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrij Holian
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Raymond F. Hamilton
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
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85
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Chakraborty S, Castranova V, Perez MK, Piedimonte G. Nanoparticles-induced apoptosis of human airway epithelium is mediated by proNGF/p75 NTR signaling. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:53-68. [PMID: 28140833 PMCID: PMC5597962 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1238329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposures to respirable ultrafine fractions of particulate matter (PM) have been implicated in the initiation and exacerbation of lung diseases. However, the precise mechanisms underlying production of cell damage and death attributed to nanoparticles (NP) on human airway epithelium are not fully understood. This study examined the role of neurotrophic pathways in NP-induced airway toxicity. Size and agglomeration of TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-NP) and fine (TiO2-FP) particles were measured by dynamic light scattering. Expression and signaling of key neurotrophic factors and receptors were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, immunostaining, and Western blot in various respiratory epithelial cells after exposure to TiO2-NP or TiO2-FP. Particle-induced cell death was measured by flow cytometry after annexin V/propidium iodide staining. The role of neurotrophin-dependent apoptotic pathways was analyzed with specific blocking antibodies or siRNAs. Exposure of human epithelial cells to TiO2-NP enhanced interleukin (IL)-1α synthesis, as well as nerve growth factor (NGF) gene expression and protein levels, specifically the precursor form (proNGF). TiO2-NP exposure also increased expression of p75NRF receptor genes. These neurotropic factor and receptor responses were stimulated by IL-1α and abolished by its specific receptor antagonist (IL-1-ra). TiO2-NP also increased JNK phosphorylation and apoptosis, which was prevented by anti-p75NRF or NGFsiRNA. Data demonstrated that TiO2-NP exerted adverse effects in the respiratory tract by inducing unbalanced overexpression of immature neurotrophins, which led to apoptotic death of epithelial cells signaled through the death receptor p75NTR. This may result in airway inflammation and hyperreactivity after exposure to TiO2-NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreeparna Chakraborty
- Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, U.S.A
| | - Vincent Castranova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, West Virginia, U.S.A
| | - Miriam K. Perez
- Pediatric Institute and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Giovanni Piedimonte
- Pediatric Institute and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland Ohio, U.S.A
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86
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Jiang Q, Li X, Cheng S, Gu Y, Chen G, Shen Y, Xie Y, Cao Y. Combined effects of low levels of palmitate on toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles to THP-1 macrophages. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 48:103-109. [PMID: 27770658 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We have recently proposed that the interaction between food components and nanoparticles (NPs) should be considered when evaluating the toxicity of NPs. In the present study, we used THP-1 differentiated macrophages as a model for immune cells and investigated the combined toxicity of low levels of palmitate (PA; 10 or 50μM) and ZnO NPs. The results showed that PA especially at 50μM changed the size, Zeta potential and UV-vis spectra of ZnO NPs, indicating a possible coating effect. Up to 32μg/mL ZnO NPs did not significantly affect mitochondrial activity, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) or release of interleukin 6 (IL-6), but significantly impaired lysosomal function as assessed by neutral red uptake assay and acridine orange staining. The presence of 50μM PA, but not 10μM PA, further promoted the toxic effects of ZnO NPs to lysosomes but did not significantly affect other endpoints. In addition, ZnO NPs dose-dependently increased intracellular Zn ions in THP-1 macrophages, which was not significantly affected by PA. Taken together, the results of the present study showed a combined toxicity of low levels of PA and ZnO NPs especially to lysosomes in THP-1 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Xiyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Yuxiu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Gui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Yuexin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Yixi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China
| | - Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, PR China.
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87
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Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of in vitro toxicity in hepatocytes of linear polyesters with varied aromatic and aliphatic co-monomers. J Control Release 2016; 244:214-228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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88
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Gong Y, Ji Y, Liu F, Li J, Cao Y. Cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and inflammation induced by ZnO nanoparticles in endothelial cells: interaction with palmitate or lipopolysaccharide. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 37:895-901. [PMID: 27862064 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies showed that ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) might induce the toxicity to human endothelial cells. However, little is known about the interaction between ZnO NPs and circulatory components, which is likely to occur when NPs enter the blood. In this study, we evaluated ZnO NP-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), with the emphasis on the interaction with palmitate (PA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), because PA and LPS are normal components in human blood that increase in metabolic diseases. Overall, ZnO NPs induced cytotoxicity and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) at a concentration of 32 μg ml-1 , but did not significantly affect the release of inflammatory cytokines or adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to HUVECs. In addition, exposure to ZnO NPs dose-dependently promoted intracellular Zn ions in HUVECs. PA and LPS have different effects. Two hundred μm PA significantly induced cytotoxicity and THP-1 monocyte adhesion, but did not affect ROS or release of inflammatory cytokines. In contrast, 1 μg ml-1 LPS significantly induced ROS, release of inflammatory cytokines and THP-1 monocyte adhesion, but not cytotoxicity. The presence of ZnO NPs did not significantly affect the toxicity induced by PA or LPS. In addition, the accumulation of Zn ions after ZnO NP exposure was not significantly affected by the presence of PA or LPS. We concluded that there was no interaction between ZnO NPs and PA or LPS on toxicity to HUVECs in vitro. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejia Ji
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People's Republic of China
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89
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Thongkam W, Gerloff K, van Berlo D, Albrecht C, Schins RPF. Oxidant generation, DNA damage and cytotoxicity by a panel of engineered nanomaterials in three different human epithelial cell lines. Mutagenesis 2016; 32:105-115. [PMID: 27834732 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gew056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the steeply increased use of nanomaterials (NMs) for commercial and industrial applications, toxicological assessment of their potential harmful effects is urgently needed. In this study, we compared the DNA-damaging properties and concurrent cytotoxicity of a panel of 10 engineered NMs in three different cell lines in relation to their intrinsic oxidant generating properties. The human epithelial cell lines A549, HK-2 and HepG2 were chosen to represent relevant target organs for NMs in the lung, kidney and liver. Cytotoxicity, evaluated by WST-1 assay in the treatment concentration range of 0.3-80 µg/cm2, was shown for Ag and ZnO NM in all three cell lines. Cytotoxicity was absent for all other NMs, i.e. five types of TiO2 and two types of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. DNA damage, evaluated by the alkaline comet assay, was observed with Ag and ZnO, albeit only at cytotoxic concentrations. DNA damage varied considerably with the cell line. The oxidant generating properties of the NMs, evaluated by electron spin resonance spectroscopy in cell free conditions, did not correlate with their cytotoxic or DNA-damaging properties. DNA damage by the nanosilver could be partly attributed to its surfactant-containing dispersant. The coating of a TiO2 sample with the commercial surfactant Curosurf augmented its DNA-damaging properties in A549 cells, while surface modification with serum tended to reduce damage. Our findings indicate that measurement of the intrinsic oxidant-generating capacity of NMs is a poor predictor of DNA damage and that the cytotoxic and DNA-damaging properties of NMs can vary substantially with experimental conditions. Our study also underlines the critical importance of selecting appropriate cell systems and aligned testing protocols. Selection of a cell line on the mere basis of its origin may provide only poor insight on organ-specific hazards of NMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waluree Thongkam
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 DE Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kirsten Gerloff
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 DE Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Damien van Berlo
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 DE Düsseldorf, Germany.,Present address: Triskelion B.V., Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Catrin Albrecht
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 DE Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Roel P F Schins
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 DE Düsseldorf, Germany
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90
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Wallin H, Kyjovska ZO, Poulsen SS, Jacobsen NR, Saber AT, Bengtson S, Jackson P, Vogel U. Surface modification does not influence the genotoxic and inflammatory effects of TiO2 nanoparticles after pulmonary exposure by instillation in mice. Mutagenesis 2016; 32:47-57. [PMID: 27658823 PMCID: PMC5180170 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gew046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of surface charge of nanomaterials on toxicological effects is not yet fully understood. We investigated the inflammatory response, the acute phase response and the genotoxic effect of two different titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) following a single intratracheal instillation. NRCWE-001 was unmodified rutile TiO2 with endogenous negative surface charge, whereas NRCWE-002 was surface modified to be positively charged. C57BL/6J BomTac mice received 18, 54 and 162 µg/mouse and were humanely killed 1, 3 and 28 days post-exposure. Vehicle controls were tested alongside for comparison. The cellular composition and protein concentration were determined in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid as markers for an inflammatory response. Pulmonary and systemic genotoxicity was analysed by the alkaline comet assay as DNA strand breaks in BAL cells, lung and liver tissue. The pulmonary and hepatic acute phase response was analysed by Saa3 mRNA levels in lung tissue or Saa1 mRNA levels in liver tissue by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Instillation of NRCWE-001 and -002 both induced a dose-dependent neutrophil influx into the lung lining fluid and Saa3 mRNA levels in lung tissue at all assessed time points. There was no statistically significant difference between NRCWE-001 and NRCWE-002. Exposure to both TiO2 NPs induced increased levels of DNA strand breaks in lung tissue at all doses 1 and 28 days post-exposure and NRCWE-002 at the low and middle dose 3 days post-exposure. The DNA strand break levels were statistically significantly different for NRCWE-001 and -002 for liver and for BAL cells, but no consistent pattern was observed. In conclusion, functionalisation of reactive negatively charged rutile TiO2 to positively charged did not consistently influence pulmonary toxicity of the studied TiO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håkan Wallin
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark and
| | - Zdenka O Kyjovska
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Sarah S Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Nicklas R Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Anne T Saber
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Stefan Bengtson
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Petra Jackson
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark, .,Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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91
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Farcas MT, Kisin ER, Menas AL, Gutkin DW, Star A, Reiner RS, Yanamala N, Savolainen K, Shvedova AA. Pulmonary exposure to cellulose nanocrystals caused deleterious effects to reproductive system in male mice. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2016; 79:984-997. [PMID: 27558875 PMCID: PMC5053892 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1211045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Over the past several years there has been an increased number of applications of cellulosic materials in many sectors, including the food industry, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. However, to date, there are few studies investigating the potential adverse effects of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). The objective of this study was to determine long-term outcomes on the male reproductive system of mice upon repeated pharyngeal aspiration exposure to CNC. To achieve this, cauda epididymal sperm samples were analyzed for sperm concentration, motility, morphological abnormalities, and DNA damage. Testicular and epididymal oxidative damage was evaluated, as well as histopathology examination of testes. In addition, changes in levels of testosterone in testes and serum and of luteinizing hormone (LH) in serum were determined. Three months after the last administration, CNC exposure significantly altered sperm concentration, motility, cell morphology, and sperm DNA integrity. These parameters correlated with elevated proinflammatory cytokines levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in testes, as well as oxidative stress in both testes and epididymis. Exposure to CNC also produced damage to testicular structure, as evidenced by presence of interstitial edema, frequent dystrophic seminiferous tubules with arrested spermatogenesis and degenerating spermatocytes, and imbalance in levels of testosterone and LH. Taken together, these results demonstrate that pulmonary exposure to CNC induces sustained adverse effects in spermatocytes/spermatozoa, suggesting male reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana T. Farcas
- Exposure Assessment Branch/NIOSH/CDC, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Elena R. Kisin
- Exposure Assessment Branch/NIOSH/CDC, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Autumn L. Menas
- Exposure Assessment Branch/NIOSH/CDC, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Dmitriy W. Gutkin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexander Star
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Richard S. Reiner
- Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Naveena Yanamala
- Exposure Assessment Branch/NIOSH/CDC, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Kai Savolainen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna A. Shvedova
- Exposure Assessment Branch/NIOSH/CDC, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Medicine/WVU, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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92
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Borghini A, Roursgaard M, Andreassi MG, Kermanizadeh A, Møller P. Repair activity of oxidatively damaged DNA and telomere length in human lung epithelial cells after exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Mutagenesis 2016; 32:173-180. [PMID: 27530331 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gew036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
One type of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (MWCNT-7, from Mitsui) has been classified as probably carcinogenic to humans, however insufficient data does not warrant the same classification for other types of CNTs. Experimental data indicate that CNT exposure can result in oxidative stress and DNA damage in cultured cells, whereas these materials appear to induce low or no mutagenicity. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate whether in vitro exposure of cultured airway epithelial cells (A549) to multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) could increase the DNA repair activity of oxidatively damaged DNA and drive the cells toward replicative senescence, assessed by attrition of telomeres. To investigate this, H2O2 and KBrO3 were used to induce DNA damage in the cells and the effect of pre-exposure to MWCNT tested for a change in repair activity inside the cells or in the extract of treated cells. The effect of MWCNT exposure on telomere length was investigated for concentration and time response. We report a significantly increased repair activity in A549 cells exposed to MWCNTs compared to non-exposed cells, suggesting that DNA repair activity may be influenced by exposure to MWCNTs. The telomere length was decreased at times longer than 24h, but this decrease was not concentration dependent. The results suggest that the seemingly low mutagenicity of CNTs in cultured cells may be associated with an increased DNA repair activity and a replicative senescence, which may counteract the manifestation of DNA lesions to mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Borghini
- Genetics Unit, CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Grazia Andreassi
- Genetics Unit, CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ali Kermanizadeh
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen, Denmark
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93
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Hwang SH, Thielbeer F, Jeong J, Han Y, Chankeshwara SV, Bradley M, Cho WS. Dual contribution of surface charge and protein-binding affinity to the cytotoxicity of polystyrene nanoparticles in nonphagocytic A549 cells and phagocytic THP-1 cells. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2016; 79:925-937. [PMID: 27494566 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1207117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge that links the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles (NP) to their toxicity is key to evaluating and understanding mechanisms underlying toxicity and developing appropriate testing methods for NP; however, this is currently limited since only a small set of NP have been used, with typically poor control of their physical properties. In this study, eight types of polystyrene NP (PLNP) were synthesized with different functional groups, but all based on an identical core. In vitro cell-based assays were performed to determine the influence of changes in physicochemical properties, such as charge, hydrodynamic size, and protein binding potential, in relation to NP-mediated toxicity. The PLNP were incubated with nonphagocytic A549 cells or phagocytic differentiated THP-1 cells for 4 h with/without fetal bovine serum (FBS), followed by incubation for 20 h in FBS-supplemented medium with/without a washing step, to assess cell-type specificity and impact of protein corona formation. The effect of surface charge on cytotoxicity differed between A549 cells and THP-1 cells. In nonphagocytic A549 cells, the zeta potential of PLNP exhibited a negative correlation with cytotoxicity, partly due to the level of coronated protein that might affect cellular uptake. In phagocytic THP-1 cells, the zeta potential of PLNP showed a positive correlation with cytotoxicity but coronated protein levels displayed no marked association with cytotoxicity, owing to the professional uptake efficacy of phagocytic cells. The consistency of our data with THP-1 cells with the surface charge paradigm in nanotoxicology suggests that phagocytic cells are the predominant targets for lung inflammatory reactions induced by PLNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hyun Hwang
- a Lab of Toxicology, Department of Medicinal Biotechnology , College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Frank Thielbeer
- b EastChem, School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - Jiyoung Jeong
- a Lab of Toxicology, Department of Medicinal Biotechnology , College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Youngju Han
- a Lab of Toxicology, Department of Medicinal Biotechnology , College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Sunay V Chankeshwara
- b EastChem, School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - Mark Bradley
- b EastChem, School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , United Kingdom
| | - Wan-Seob Cho
- a Lab of Toxicology, Department of Medicinal Biotechnology , College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University , Busan , Republic of Korea
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94
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Alaraby M, Annangi B, Marcos R, Hernández A. Drosophila melanogaster as a suitable in vivo model to determine potential side effects of nanomaterials: A review. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2016; 19:65-104. [PMID: 27128498 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2016.1166466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite being a relatively new field, nanoscience has been in the forefront among many scientific areas. Nanoparticle materials (NM) present interesting physicochemical characteristics not necessarily found in their bulky forms, and alterations in their size or coating markedly modify their physical, chemical, and biological properties. Due to these novel properties there is a general trend to exploit these NM in several fields of science, particularly in medicine and industry. The increased presence of NM in the environment warrants evaluation of potential harmful effects in order to protect both environment and human exposed populations. Although in vitro approaches are commonly used to determine potential adverse effects of NM, in vivo studies generate data expected to be more relevant for risk assessment. As an in vivo model Drosophila melanogaster was previously found to possess reliable utility in determining the biological effects of NM, and thus its usage increased markedly over the last few years. The aims of this review are to present a comprehensive overview of all apparent studies carried out with NM and Drosophila, to attain a clear and comprehensive picture of the potential risk of NM exposure to health, and to demonstrate the advantages of using Drosophila in nanotoxicological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Alaraby
- a Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Campus de Bellaterra , Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
- b Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences , Sohag University , Sohag , Egypt
| | - Balasubramanyam Annangi
- a Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Campus de Bellaterra , Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- a Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Campus de Bellaterra , Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
- c CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública , ISCIII , Madrid , Spain
| | - Alba Hernández
- a Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Campus de Bellaterra , Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
- c CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública , ISCIII , Madrid , Spain
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95
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Liu Y, Li Y, Yang T, Yang J, Wang H, Wu G. Acute changes in murine hippocampus and olfactory bulb after nasal instillation of varying size cerium dioxide particles. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2016; 79:869-877. [PMID: 27599233 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1193116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cerium (Ce)-containing compounds are now widely applied in medicine, agriculture, and animal breeding. However, the effects of Ce on humans, especially on the central nervous system (CNS), remain to be determined. In order to investigate whether Ce exposure affected the CNS, the aim of this study was to expose female ICR mice to varying nanoparticle sizes of 35 nm and 300 nm, and to a mixture of 1-5 µM cerium dioxide (CeO2) particles through intranasal (i.n.) instillation at daily dose of 40 mg/kg body weight. Immunohistochemical data showed that glial fibrillary acidic protein expression (GFAP) increased significantly in the hippocampus and olfactory bulb in all Ce-administered groups. The ultrastructure of olfactory bulb cells displayed chromatin reduction. In the hippocampus decreased chromatin was associated with ribosome shedding as evidenced from transmission electron microscopy (TEM). No significant differences in immunohistochemistry were noted between varying sizes of CeO2 groups. The results of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) analysis group exposed to 1-5 µM demonstrated that Ce levels were significantly higher in whole brain (0.17 ng/mg) than for the control (0.04 ng/mg). Data thus demonstrated that i.n. instillation of different sized CeO2 particles induced damage in the olfactory bulb and hippocampus and that CeO2 particle size did not appear to play a role in the observed adverse responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- a Department of Preclinical Medicine and Forensic, Baotou Medical College , Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology , Baotou , P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- a Department of Preclinical Medicine and Forensic, Baotou Medical College , Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology , Baotou , P. R. China
| | - Tongwang Yang
- a Department of Preclinical Medicine and Forensic, Baotou Medical College , Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology , Baotou , P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- a Department of Preclinical Medicine and Forensic, Baotou Medical College , Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology , Baotou , P. R. China
| | - He Wang
- b School of Health Sciences , University of Newcastle , Collaghan , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Gang Wu
- a Department of Preclinical Medicine and Forensic, Baotou Medical College , Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology , Baotou , P. R. China
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Schramm F, Lange M, Hoppmann P, Heutelbeck A. Cytotoxicity of carbon nanohorns in different human cells of the respiratory system. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2016; 79:1085-1093. [PMID: 27924712 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1219594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the new synthetic carbon-based nanomaterials is carbon nanohorns (CNH). A potential risk for employees of production processes is an unintentional intake of these nanomaterials via inhalation. Once taken up, nanoparticles might interact with cells of different tissues as well as with intercellular substances. These interactions may have far-reaching consequences for human health. Currently, many gaps in available information on the CNH toxicological profile remain. The aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxicity of CNH particles on human epithelial cells of the respiratory system with special consideration given to different particle sizes. In all cell lines, cell viability was reduced after 24 h of exposure up to 60% and metabolic activity as evidenced by mitochondrial activity was lowered to 9% at a concentration of 1 g/L. The three respiratory cell lines differed in their sensitivity. The most robust cells were the bronchial epithelial cells. Further, particle size fractions induced different adverse effect strength, whereby no correlation between particle size fraction and toxicity was found. These findings demonstrate the need for further information regarding the behavior and effect strength of nanomaterial. To avoid the production of new harmful materials, a more comprehensive integration of results from toxicity studies in the development processes of engineered nanomaterials is recommended not only from an occupational viewpoint but also from an environmental perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Schramm
- a Department of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine , Georg-August-University Göttingen , Göttingen , Germany
| | - Martina Lange
- a Department of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine , Georg-August-University Göttingen , Göttingen , Germany
| | - Pia Hoppmann
- a Department of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine , Georg-August-University Göttingen , Göttingen , Germany
| | - Astrid Heutelbeck
- a Department of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine , Georg-August-University Göttingen , Göttingen , Germany
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