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Petrović S, Vasić V, Mitrović T, Lazović S, Leskovac A. The impact of concentration and administration time on the radiomodulating properties of undecylprodigiosin in vitro. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2017; 68:1-8. [PMID: 28365670 DOI: 10.1515/aiht-2017-68-2897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Undecylprodigiosin pigment (UPP) is reported to display cytotoxic activity towards various types of tumours. Nevertheless, its efficacy in modifying the cellular response to ionising radiation is still unknown. In this study, the radiomodulating effects of UPP were investigated. The effects of UPP were assessed in vitro by treating cultures of human peripheral blood with UPP and ionising radiation using two treatment regimens, the UPP pre-irradiation treatment and UPP post-irradiation treatment. The activity of UPP was investigated evaluating its effects on the radiation-induced micronuclei formation, cell proliferation, and induction of apoptosis. The redox modulating effects of UPP were examined measuring the catalase activity and the level of malondialdehyde, as a measure of oxidative stress. The results showed that UPP effects on cellular response to ionising radiation depend on its concentration and the timing of its administration. At low concentration, the UPP displayed radioprotective effects in γ-irradiated human lymphocytes while at higher concentrations, it acted as a radiosensitiser enhancing either mitotic catastrophe or apoptosis depending on the treatment regimen. The UPP modified redox processes in cells, particularly when it was employed prior to γ-irradiation. Our data highlight the importance of further research of the potential of UPP to sensitize tumour cells to radiation therapy by inhibiting pathways that lead to treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vesna Vasić
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade
| | - Tatjana Mitrović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Development of Water Resources "Jaroslav Černi", Belgrade
| | | | - Andreja Leskovac
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, M. Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11001 Belgrade
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Overaccumulation of p53-mediated autophagy protects against betulinic acid-induced apoptotic cell death in colorectal cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3087. [PMID: 28981110 PMCID: PMC5682653 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Betulinic acid (BA) exhibits cytotoxic activity against some cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanism of BA against CRC cells was little reported. Here, we proved that BA elicited CRC cells' growth inhibition and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, BA treatment induced autophagy via inhibiting the AKT-MTOR signaling pathway. Inhibition of autophagy by either administration of autophagic inhibitor chloroquine or siRNA-mediated knockdown of ATG5 could augment BA-induced apoptotic cell death as well as inhibition of cell proliferation. Moreover, we found that p53 was firstly activated by short exposure to BA and then was rapidly degraded via the ubiquitin-mediated degradation pathway in both wtp53 and mutp53 CRC cells. Notably, more preferential cytotoxicity of BA was obtained in mutp53 cells (IC50 values: HT29, 125 μM; SW480, 58 μM) rather than wtp53 cells (IC50 values: HCT116, 178 μM). Further experiments demonstrated that siRNA-mediated p53 knockdown attenuated BA-induced autophagy, and forced overexpression of p53 augmented BA-induced autophagy, indicating that p53-enhanced BA-induced autophagy. Moreover, BA enhanced the sensitivity of mutp53 cells to chemotherapy drugs such as 5-FU and ADR by degradation of mutp53. Overall, our study proved that BA could induce CRC cell death by inducing apoptosis and reduce the overaccumulation of BA-induced protective autophagy by degrading wtp53 and mutp53 dependent on the ubiquitin-mediated degradation pathway to achieve killer effect, suggesting that BA might serve as a novel desirable drug for mutp53 cancer therapy.
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Kabała-Dzik A, Rzepecka-Stojko A, Kubina R, Jastrzębska-Stojko Ż, Stojko R, Wojtyczka RD, Stojko J. Comparison of Two Components of Propolis: Caffeic Acid (CA) and Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) Induce Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest of Breast Cancer Cells MDA-MB-231. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091554. [PMID: 28926932 PMCID: PMC6151426 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies show that caffeic acid (CA) and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) are compounds with potent chemopreventive effects. Breast cancer is a common form of aggressive cancer among women worldwide. This study shows a comparison of CA and CAPE activity on triple-negative human caucasian breast adenocarcinoma line cells (MDA-MB-231). MDA-MB-231 cells were treated by CA and CAPE with doses of from 10 to 100 µM, for periods of 24 h and 48 h. Cytotoxicity MTT tests, apoptosis by Annexin V, and cell cycle with Dead Cell Assays were performed. Cytotoxic activity was greater for CAPE compared to CA (both incubation times, same dosage). IC50 values for CAPE were 27.84 µM (24 h) and 15.83 µM (48 h) and for CA > 10,000 µM (24 h) and > 1000 µM (48 h). Polyphenols induced apoptosis, while CAPE (dose dependently), induced a higher apoptotic effect. CAPE also induced cell cycle arrest in S phase (time and dose dependently), CA did it only for 50 and 100 µM. A dose dependent decline was seen for the G0/G1 phase (CAPE, 48 h), as well as elimination of phase G2/M by 100 µM of CAPE (only mild effect for CA). Comparing CA and CAPE activity on MDA-MB-231, CAPE clearly showed better activity for the same dosages and experiment times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Kabała-Dzik
- Department of Pathology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Ostrogórska 30, Sosnowiec 41-200, Poland.
| | - Anna Rzepecka-Stojko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, Sosnowiec 41-200, Poland.
| | - Robert Kubina
- Department of Pathology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Ostrogórska 30, Sosnowiec 41-200, Poland.
| | - Żaneta Jastrzębska-Stojko
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Prof. K. Gibiński University Clinical Center, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Ceglana 35, Katowice 40-514, Poland.
| | - Rafał Stojko
- Department of Women Health, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 12, Katowice 40-752, Poland.
| | - Robert Dariusz Wojtyczka
- Department and Institute of Microbiology and Virology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, Sosnowiec 41-200, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Stojko
- Department of Toxicology and Bioanalysis, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, Sosnowiec 41-200, Poland.
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Abd El-Hafeez AA, Fujimura T, Kamei R, Hirakawa N, Baba K, Ono K, Kawamoto S. Synergistic tumor suppression by a Perilla frutescens-derived methoxyflavanone and anti-cancer tyrosine kinase inhibitors in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma. Cytotechnology 2017; 70:913-919. [PMID: 28756527 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0124-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-cancer tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective in many types of cancers including non-small cell lung cancer, while appearance of TKI-resistant tumors suggests a need for the development of their potentiation strategies. We have previously shown that a methoxyflavanone derivative from the Asian medicinal herb Perilla frutescens (Perilla-derived methoxyflavanone; PDMF) shows a prominent anti-tumor activity against A549 human lung adenocarcinoma. Here we show that PDMF and anti-cancer TKIs (nilotinib, bosutinib, dasatinib, and ponatinib) synergistically suppress proliferation of A549 cells. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that co-stimulation with nilotinib (4 μM) and PDMF induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in low PDMF doses (10-50 μM), whereas this combination triggered de novo G1 arrest in higher PDMF dosages (50-125 μM). We also found that co-administration with nilotinib and PDMF significantly suppressed in vivo tumorigenicity of A549 cells in athymic nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Ali Abd El-Hafeez
- Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8530, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujimura
- Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8530, Japan
| | - Rikiya Kamei
- Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8530, Japan
| | | | | | - Kazuhisa Ono
- Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8530, Japan
- Department of Food Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Hiroshima Institute of Technology, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Seiji Kawamoto
- Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8530, Japan.
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Estrela JM, Mena S, Obrador E, Benlloch M, Castellano G, Salvador R, Dellinger RW. Polyphenolic Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Bioavailability versus Bioefficacy. J Med Chem 2017; 60:9413-9436. [PMID: 28654265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Natural polyphenols are organic chemicals which contain phenol units in their structures. They show antitumor properties. However, a key problem is their short half-life and low bioavailability under in vivo conditions. Still, definitively demonstrating the human benefits of isolated polyphenolic compounds (alone or in combination) using modern scientific methodology has proved challenging. The most common discrepancy between experimental and clinical observations is the use of nonphysiologically relevant concentrations of polyphenols in mechanistic studies. Thus, it remains highly controversial how applicable underlying mechanisms are with bioavailable concentrations and biological half-life. The present Perspective analyses proposed antitumor mechanisms, in vivo reported antitumor effects, and possible mechanisms that may explain discrepancies between bioavailability and bioefficacy. Polyphenol metabolism and possible toxic side effects are also considered. Our main conclusion emphasizes that these natural molecules (and their chemical derivatives) indeed can be very useful, not only as cancer chemopreventive agents but also in oncotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Estrela
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Salvador Mena
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Obrador
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Benlloch
- Department of Health and Functional Valorization, San Vicente Martir Catholic University , 46008 Valencia, Spain
| | - Gloria Castellano
- Department of Health and Functional Valorization, San Vicente Martir Catholic University , 46008 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosario Salvador
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Substituted Caffeic and Ferulic Acid Phenethyl Esters: Synthesis, Leukotrienes Biosynthesis Inhibition, and Cytotoxic Activity. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22071124. [PMID: 28684707 PMCID: PMC6152019 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor that correlates with short patient survival and for which therapeutic options are limited. Polyphenolic compounds, including caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE, 1a), have been investigated for their anticancer properties in several types of cancer. To further explore these properties in brain cancer cells, a series of caffeic and ferulic acid esters bearing additional oxygens moieties (OH or OCH3) were designed and synthesized. (CAPE, 1a), but not ferulic acid phenethyl ester (FAPE, 1b), displayed substantial cytotoxicity against two glioma cell lines. Some but not all selected compounds derived from both (CAPE, 1a) and (FAPE, 1b) also displayed cytotoxicity. All CAPE-derived compounds were able to significantly inhibit 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), however FAPE-derived compounds were largely ineffective 5-LO inhibitors. Molecular docking revealed new hydrogen bonds and π-π interactions between the enzyme and some of the investigated compounds. Overall, this work highlights the relevance of exploring polyphenolic compounds in cancer models and provides additional leads in the development of novel therapeutic strategies in gliomas.
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Mollaei H, Babaei E. Therapeutic Potential of Novel Nano-Based Curcumin
Compounds In Vitro and In Vivo. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:885-888. [PMID: 28545183 PMCID: PMC5494236 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.4.885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in cancer medication, malignant tumors continue to be the second leading cause of death worldwide. Furthermore, introducing a therapeutic compound with low-side effects as well as low-price for consumers is controversial. Recent efforts have been focusing on traditional medicines as a rich source of herbal agents. Curcumin, the major turmeric phytochemical, has been widely assessed as an anti-cancer compound in vitro and in vivo. However, the use of curcumin in cancer treatment has limitations because of its low solubility, poor tissue absorption, rapid metabolism and rapid systemic elimination. Recent work has focused on improving the stability of curcumin to facilitate clinical application. Dendrosomal nano-corcumin (DNC) is one of the most successful compounds showing significant cellular absorption and also anti-tumor effects. The present overview of newest applicable strategies for curcumin-based therapy and their clinical potential usefulness has the emphasis on DNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Mollaei
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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58
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Ye LY, Hu S, Xu HE, Xu RR, Kong H, Zeng XN, Xie WP, Wang H. The effect of tetrandrine combined with cisplatin on proliferation and apoptosis of A549/DDP cells and A549 cells. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:40. [PMID: 28360820 PMCID: PMC5368997 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0410-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer comprises the majority of lung cancer cases and is insensitive to chemotherapy. Most patients develop drug resistance. Recently, tetrandrine (TET), a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, was identified as a novel anti-cancer agent. However, the effect of tetrandrine combined with cisplatin on lung cancer has not yet been studied. We aimed to identify a possible synergistic effect between tetrandrine and cisplatin, besides, to investigate the effects of TET in combination with DDP on proliferation and apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant and cisplatin-sensitive A549 cell lines, and to study the underlying mechanism. METHODS Cell viability was confirmed with CCK8 assays, and the IC50 values for each treatment group were calculated. The synergistic interaction of these drugs was evaluated using an isobolographic analysis. Proliferation was assessed by EDU staining. Hoechst staining and flow cytometry were used to assess apoptosis. Apoptosis- and autophagy-associated proteins were analyzed by western blot. Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect autophagy, RFP-GFP-LC3 lentivirus was used to perform autophagic flux assay. RESULTS Tetrandrine and cisplatin exerted synergistic cytotoxic effects on both cisplatin-resistant and cisplatin-sensitive A549 cell lines. The combination of tetrandrine and cisplatin induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in a synergistic manner. The formation of autophagosomes was evident by transmission electron microscopy. The autophagic flux of combination treatment was increased. CONCLUSIONS Tetrandrine synergized with cisplatin to reduce the viability of cisplatin-resistant and cisplatin-sensitive A549 cells, tetrandrine could reverse the resistance of A549 cells to cisplatin. Tetrandrine combined with cisplatin could induce autophagy. Therefore, tetrandrine is a potent autophagy agonist and may be a promising drug for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yun Ye
- 0000 0004 1799 0784grid.412676.0Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Song Hu
- 0000 0004 1799 0784grid.412676.0Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua-E Xu
- 0000 0004 1799 0784grid.412676.0Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China ,0000 0004 1799 0784grid.412676.0Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong-Rong Xu
- 0000 0004 1799 0784grid.412676.0Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Kong
- 0000 0004 1799 0784grid.412676.0Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ning Zeng
- 0000 0004 1799 0784grid.412676.0Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ping Xie
- 0000 0004 1799 0784grid.412676.0Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- 0000 0004 1799 0784grid.412676.0Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
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Klimaszewska-Wiśniewska A, Hałas-Wiśniewska M, Izdebska M, Gagat M, Grzanka A, Grzanka D. Antiproliferative and antimetastatic action of quercetin on A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells through its effect on the cytoskeleton. Acta Histochem 2017; 119:99-112. [PMID: 27887793 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
To our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the effect of the dietary flavonoid quercetin on the main cytoskeletal elements, namely microfilaments, microtubules and vimentin intermediate filaments, as well as cytoskeleton-driven processes in A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells. The methyl-thiazol-diphenyl-tetrazolium assay, annexin V/propidium iodide test, electron microscopic examination, cell cycle analysis based on DNA content, real-time PCR assays, in vitro scratch wound-healing assay, fluorescence staining of F-actin, β-tubulin and vimentin were performed to assess the effects of quercetin on A549 cells. Our results showed that quercetin triggered BCL2/BAX-mediated apoptosis, as well as necrosis and mitotic catastrophe, and inhibited the migratory potential of A549 cells. The disassembling effect of quercetin on microfilaments, microtubules and vimentin filaments along with its inhibitory impact on vimentin and N-cadherin expression might account for the decreased migration of A549 cells in response to quercetin treatment. We also suggest that the possible mechanism underlying quercetin-induced mitotic catastrophe involves the perturbation of mitotic microtubules leading to monopolar spindle formation, and, consequently, to the failure of cytokinesis. We further propose that cytokinesis failure could also be a result of the depletion of actin filaments by quercetin. These findings are important to our further understanding of the detailed mechanism of the antitumor activity of quercetin and render this flavonoid a potentially useful candidate for combination therapy with conventional antimicrotubule drugs, nucleic acid-directed agents or novel cytoskeletal-directed agents.
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An updated review on molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of capsaicin. Food Sci Biotechnol 2017; 26:1-13. [PMID: 30263503 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The quest for developing anticancer principles from natural sources has a long historical track record and remarkable success stories. The pungent principle of hot chili pepper, capsaicin, has been a subject of research for anticancer drug discovery for more than three decades. However, the majority of research has revealed that capsaicin interferes with various hallmarks of cancer, such as increased cell proliferation, evasion from apoptosis, inflammation, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, and tumor immune escape. Moreover, the compound has been reported to inhibit carcinogen activation and chemically induced experimental tumor growth. Capsaicin has also been reported to inhibit the activation of various kinases and transcription that are involved in tumor promotion and progression. The compound activated mitochondria-dependent and death receptor-mediated tumor cell apoptosis. Considering the growing interest in capsaicin, this review provides an update on the molecular targets of capsaicin in modulating oncogenic signaling.
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Yi J, Qu H, Wu Y, Wang Z, Wang L. Study on antitumor, antioxidant and immunoregulatory activities of the purified polyphenols from pinecone of Pinus koraiensis on tumor-bearing S180 mice in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 94:735-744. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Sak K, Everaus H. Established Human Cell Lines as Models to Study Anti-leukemic Effects of Flavonoids. Curr Genomics 2016; 18:3-26. [PMID: 28503087 PMCID: PMC5321770 DOI: 10.2174/1389202917666160803165447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the extensive work on pathological mechanisms and some recent advances in the treatment of different hematological malignancies, leukemia continues to present a significant challenge being frequently considered as incurable disease. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic agents with high efficacy and low toxicity is urgently needed to improve the overall survival rate of patients. In this comprehensive review article, the current knowledge about the anticancer activities of flavonoids as plant secondary polyphenolic metabolites in the most commonly used human established leukemia cell lines (HL-60, NB4, KG1a, U937, THP-1, K562, Jurkat, CCRF- CEM, MOLT-3, and MOLT-4) is compiled, revealing clear anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, cell cycle arresting, and differentiation inducing effects for certain compounds. Considering the low toxicity of these substances in normal blood cells, the presented data show a great potential of flavonoids to be developed into novel anti-leukemia agents applicable also in the malignant cells resistant to the current conventional chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Sak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hele Everaus
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Salar RK, Kumar N. Synthesis and characterization of vincristine loaded folic acid–chitosan conjugated nanoparticles. RESOURCE-EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reffit.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bigdeli B, Goliaei B, Masoudi-Khoram N, Jooyan N, Nikoofar A, Rouhani M, Haghparast A, Mamashli F. Enterolactone: A novel radiosensitizer for human breast cancer cell lines through impaired DNA repair and increased apoptosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 313:180-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Al-Howail HA, Hakami HA, Al-Otaibi B, Al-Mazrou A, Daghestani MH, Al-Jammaz I, Al-Khalaf HH, Aboussekhra A. PAC down-regulates estrogen receptor alpha and suppresses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:540. [PMID: 27465411 PMCID: PMC4964287 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2583-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive histological subtype with limited treatment options and very poor prognosis following progression after standard chemotherapeutic regimens. Therefore, novel molecules and therapeutic options are urgently needed for this category of patients. Recently, we have identified PAC as a curcumin analogue with potent anti-cancer features. Methods HPLC was used to evaluate the stability of PAC and curcumin in PBS and also in circulating blood. Cytotoxicity/apoptosis was assessed in different breast cancer cell lines using propidium iodide/annexinV associated with flow cytometry. Furthermore, immunoblotting analysis determined the effects of PAC on different oncogenic proteins and pathways. Additionally, the real time xCELLigence RTCA technology was applied to investigate the effect of PAC on the cellular proliferation, migration and invasion capacities. Results PAC is more stable than curcumin in PBS and in circulating blood. Furthermore, we have shown differential sensitivity of estrogen receptor-alfa positive (ERα+) and estrogen receptor alfa negative (ERα−) breast cancer cells to PAC, which down-regulated ERα in both cell types. This led to complete disappearance of ERα in ERα− cells, which express very low level of this receptor. Interestingly, specific down-regulation of ERα in receptor positive cells increased the apoptotic response of these cells to PAC, confirming that ERα inhibits PAC-dependent induction of apoptosis, which could be mediated through ERα down-regulation. Additionally, PAC inhibited the proliferation and suppressed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition process in breast cancer cells, with higher efficiency on the TNBC subtype. This effect was also observed in vivo on tumor xenografts. Additionally, PAC suppressed the expression/secretion of 2 important cytokines IL-6 and MCP-1, and consequently inhibited the paracrine procarcinogenic effects of breast cancer cells on breast stromal fibroblasts. Conclusion These results indicate that PAC could be considered as important candidate for future therapeutic options against the devastating TNBC subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda A Al-Howail
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, MBC # 03, PO BOX 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hana A Hakami
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, MBC # 03, PO BOX 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Present Address: McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Basem Al-Otaibi
- Department of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceuticals, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Al-Mazrou
- Stem Cell Therapy Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha H Daghestani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Al-Jammaz
- Department of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceuticals, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda H Al-Khalaf
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, MBC # 03, PO BOX 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,The National Center for Genomics Research, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelilah Aboussekhra
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, MBC # 03, PO BOX 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Roy NK, Deka A, Bordoloi D, Mishra S, Kumar AP, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. The potential role of boswellic acids in cancer prevention and treatment. Cancer Lett 2016; 377:74-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Radons J. The human HSP70 family of chaperones: where do we stand? Cell Stress Chaperones 2016; 21:379-404. [PMID: 26865365 PMCID: PMC4837186 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0676-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The 70-kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) family of molecular chaperones represents one of the most ubiquitous classes of chaperones and is highly conserved in all organisms. Members of the HSP70 family control all aspects of cellular proteostasis such as nascent protein chain folding, protein import into organelles, recovering of proteins from aggregation, and assembly of multi-protein complexes. These chaperones augment organismal survival and longevity in the face of proteotoxic stress by enhancing cell viability and facilitating protein damage repair. Extracellular HSP70s have a number of cytoprotective and immunomodulatory functions, the latter either in the context of facilitating the cross-presentation of immunogenic peptides via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens or in the context of acting as "chaperokines" or stimulators of innate immune responses. Studies have linked the expression of HSP70s to several types of carcinoma, with Hsp70 expression being associated with therapeutic resistance, metastasis, and poor clinical outcome. In malignantly transformed cells, HSP70s protect cells from the proteotoxic stress associated with abnormally rapid proliferation, suppress cellular senescence, and confer resistance to stress-induced apoptosis including protection against cytostatic drugs and radiation therapy. All of the cellular activities of HSP70s depend on their adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP)-regulated ability to interact with exposed hydrophobic surfaces of proteins. ATP hydrolysis and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)/ATP exchange are key events for substrate binding and Hsp70 release during folding of nascent polypeptides. Several proteins that bind to distinct subdomains of Hsp70 and consequently modulate the activity of the chaperone have been identified as HSP70 co-chaperones. This review focuses on the regulation, function, and relevance of the molecular Hsp70 chaperone machinery to disease and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Radons
- Scientific Consulting International, Mühldorfer Str. 64, 84503, Altötting, Germany.
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Panat NA, Singh BG, Maurya DK, Sandur SK, Ghaskadbi SS. Troxerutin, a natural flavonoid binds to DNA minor groove and enhances cancer cell killing in response to radiation. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 251:34-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Khoram NM, Bigdeli B, Nikoofar A, Goliaei B. Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Increases Radiosensitivity of Estrogen Receptor-Positive and -Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Prolonging Radiation-Induced DNA Damage. J Breast Cancer 2016; 19:18-25. [PMID: 27066092 PMCID: PMC4822103 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2016.19.1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Breast cancer is an important cause of death among women. The development of radioresistance in breast cancer leads to recurrence after radiotherapy. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a polyphenolic compound of honeybee propolis, is known to have anticancer properties. In this study, we examined whether CAPE enhanced the radiation sensitivity of MDA-MB-231 (estrogen receptor-negative) and T47D (estrogen receptor-positive) cell lines. Methods The cytotoxic effect of CAPE on MDA-MB-231 and T47D breast cancer cells was evaluated by performing an 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. To assess clonogenic ability, MDA-MB-231 and T47D cells were treated with CAPE (1 µM) for 72 hours before irradiation, and then, a colony assay was performed. A comet assay was used to determine the number of DNA strand breaks at four different times. Results CAPE decreased the viability of both cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In the clonogenic assay, pretreatment of cells with CAPE before irradiation significantly reduced the surviving fraction of MDA-MB-231 cells at doses of 6 and 8 Gy. A reduction in the surviving fraction of T47D cells was observed relative to MDA-MB-231 at lower doses of radiation. Additionally, CAPE maintained radiation-induced DNA damage in T47D cells for a longer period than in MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusion Our results indicate that CAPE impairs DNA damage repair immediately after irradiation. The induction of radiosensitivity by CAPE in radioresistant breast cancer cells may be caused by prolonged DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Masoudi Khoram
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Bigdeli
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Nikoofar
- Department of Radiotherapy, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Goliaei
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Klimaszewska-Wisniewska A, Halas-Wisniewska M, Tadrowski T, Gagat M, Grzanka D, Grzanka A. Paclitaxel and the dietary flavonoid fisetin: a synergistic combination that induces mitotic catastrophe and autophagic cell death in A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2016; 16:10. [PMID: 26884726 PMCID: PMC4754822 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-016-0288-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background
The use of the dietary polyphenols as chemosensitizing agents to enhance the efficacy of conventional cytostatic drugs has recently gained the attention of scientists and clinicians as a plausible approach for overcoming the limitations of chemotherapy (e.g. drug resistance and cytotoxicity). The aim of this study was to investigate whether a naturally occurring diet-based flavonoid, fisetin, at physiologically attainable concentrations, could act synergistically with clinically achievable doses of paclitaxel to produce growth inhibitory and/or pro-death effects on A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells, and if it does, what mechanisms might be involved. Methods The drug–drug interactions were analyzed based on the combination index method of Chou and Talalay and the data from MTT assays. To provide some insights into the mechanism underlying the synergistic action of fisetin and paclitaxel, selected morphological, biochemical and molecular parameters were examined, including the morphology of cell nuclei and mitotic spindles, the pattern of LC3-II immunostaining, the formation of autophagic vacuoles at the electron and fluorescence microscopic level, the disruption of cell membrane asymmetry/integrity, cell cycle progression and the expression level of LC3-II, Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 mRNA. Results Here, we reported the first experimental evidence for the existence of synergism between fisetin and paclitaxel in the in vitro model of non-small cell lung cancer. This synergism was, at least partially, ascribed to the induction of mitotic catastrophe. The switch from the cytoprotective autophagy to the autophagic cell death was also implicated in the mechanism of the synergistic action of fisetin and paclitaxel in the A549 cells. In addition, we revealed that the synergism between fisetin and paclitaxel was cell line-specific as well as that fisetin synergizes with arsenic trioxide, but not with mitoxantrone and methotrexate in the A549 cells. Conclusions Our results provide rationale for further testing of fisetin in the combination with paclitaxel or arsenic trioxide to obtain detailed insights into the mechanism of their synergistic action as well as to evaluate their toxicity towards normal cells in an animal model in vivo. We conclude that this study is potentially interesting for the development of novel chemotherapeutic approach to non-small cell lung cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12935-016-0288-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Klimaszewska-Wisniewska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Halas-Wisniewska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Tadrowski
- Department and Clinic of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, M. Curie Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Gagat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Dariusz Grzanka
- Department and Clinic of Dermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, M. Curie Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Alina Grzanka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Fan Y, Weng Z, Gao H, Hu J, Wang H, Li L, Liu H. Isoalantolactone Enhances the Radiosensitivity of UMSCC-10A Cells via Specific Inhibition of Erk1/2 Phosphorylation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145790. [PMID: 26716456 PMCID: PMC4696678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although radiotherapy is one of the mainstream approaches for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), this cancer is always associated with resistance to radiation. In this study, the mechanism of action of isoalantolactone as well as its radiosensitizing effect was investigated in UMSCC-10A cells. METHODS The radiosensitization of UMSCC-10A cells treated with isoalantolactone was analyzed by colony formation assay. The radiosensitization effects of isoalantolactone on cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis regulation were examined by BrdU incorporation assay, DNA content assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blotting was performed to determine the effects of isoalantolactone combined with radiation on the protein expression of Mek, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk1/2) as well as phosphorylated Mek and Erk1/2. Erk1/2 knockdown by siRNA was used to confirm that isoalantolactone specifically inhibited the activation of Erk1/2 signaling pathway in UMSCC-10A cells. RESULTS Isoalantolactone enhanced the radiosensitivity of UMSCC-10A cells; the sensitivity enhanced ratios (SERs) were 1.44 and 1.63, respectively, for 2.5 and 5 μM. Moreover, isoalantolactone enhanced radiation-induced cell proliferation and apoptosis and cell cycle arrested at G2/M phase. Furthermore, no marked changes were observed in the expression of total Erk1/2 and Mek protein after radiation treatment. However, isoalantolactone was significantly reduced radiation-induced the phosphorylation of Erk1/2, whereas it altered the phosphorylation of Mek to a lesser extent. In addition, the radiosensitivity of UMSCC-10A cells with Erk1/2 knockdown was increased. Isoalantolactone cannot further prevent the proliferation of UMSCC-10A cells with Erk1/2 knockdown which other mechanism regulated cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that isoalantolactone enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis, cell cycle arrested and reduced the cell proliferation of UMSCC-10A cells via specifically inhibited the phosphorylation of Erk1/2. Thus a low concentration of isoalantolactone may be used to overcome the resistance of UMSCC-10A cells to radiation and may be a promising radiosensitizer in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Fan
- Department of Cell Biology, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhiyong Weng
- Department of Cell Biology, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongguo Gao
- Department of clinical laboratory, Daqing oilfield general hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiehua Hu
- Information Center, Logistics college, Naval University of Engineering, Tanggu, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of clinical laboratory, Daqing oilfield general hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
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Therapeutic Implications for Overcoming Radiation Resistance in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:26880-913. [PMID: 26569225 PMCID: PMC4661850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161125991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR), such as X-rays and gamma (γ)-rays, mediates various forms of cancer cell death such as apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, mitotic catastrophe, and senescence. Among them, apoptosis and mitotic catastrophe are the main mechanisms of IR action. DNA damage and genomic instability contribute to IR-induced cancer cell death. Although IR therapy may be curative in a number of cancer types, the resistance of cancer cells to radiation remains a major therapeutic problem. In this review, we describe the morphological and molecular aspects of various IR-induced types of cell death. We also discuss cytogenetic variations representative of IR-induced DNA damage and genomic instability. Most importantly, we focus on several pathways and their associated marker proteins responsible for cancer resistance and its therapeutic implications in terms of cancer cell death of various types and characteristics. Finally, we propose radiation-sensitization strategies, such as the modification of fractionation, inflammation, and hypoxia and the combined treatment, that can counteract the resistance of tumors to IR.
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Zhu K, Wang W. Green tea polyphenol EGCG suppresses osteosarcoma cell growth through upregulating miR-1. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:4373-82. [PMID: 26499783 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4187-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant and active polyphenol in green tea, has been demonstrated to have anticancer effects in a wide variety of human cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short noncoding RNAs and play important role in gene regulation and are critically involved in the pathogenesis and progression of human cancer. This study aims to investigate the effects of EGCG on osteosarcoma (OS) cells and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Cellular function assays revealed that EGCG inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and promoted apoptosis of OS cells in vitro, and also inhibited the growth of transplanted tumors in vivo. By miRNA microarray and RT-qPCR analysis, miR-1 was found to be significantly upregulated in MG-63 and U-2OS treated by EGCG in dose- and time-dependent manners, and miR-1 downregulation by inhibitor mimics attenuated EGCG-induced inhibition on cell growth of OS cells. We also confirmed that miR-1 was also frequently decreased in clinical OS tumor tissues. Moreover, both EGCG and miR-1 mimic inhibited c-MET expression, and combination treatment with EGCG and c-MET inhibitor (crizotinib) had enhanced inhibitory effects on the growth of MG-63 and U-2OS cells. Taken together, these results suggest that EGCG has an anticancer effect on OS cells, at least partially, through regulating miR-1/c-MET interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Wanchun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China.
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Panwar R, Sharma AK, Kaloti M, Dutt D, Pruthi V. Characterization and anticancer potential of ferulic acid-loaded chitosan nanoparticles against ME-180 human cervical cancer cell lines. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-015-0502-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Moringa oleifera as an Anti-Cancer Agent against Breast and Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135814. [PMID: 26288313 PMCID: PMC4545797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we investigated the anti-cancer effect of Moringa oleifera leaves, bark and seed extracts. When tested against MDA-MB-231 and HCT-8 cancer cell lines, the extracts of leaves and bark showed remarkable anti-cancer properties while surprisingly, seed extracts exhibited hardly any such properties. Cell survival was significantly low in both cells lines when treated with leaves and bark extracts. Furthermore, a striking reduction (about 70–90%) in colony formation as well as cell motility was observed upon treatment with leaves and bark. Additionally, apoptosis assay performed on these treated breast and colorectal cancer lines showed a remarkable increase in the number of apoptotic cells; with a 7 fold increase in MD-MB-231 to an increase of several fold in colorectal cancer cell lines. However, no significant apoptotic cells were detected upon seeds extract treatment. Moreover, the cell cycle distribution showed a G2/M enrichment (about 2–3 fold) indicating that these extracts effectively arrest the cell progression at the G2/M phase. The GC-MS analyses of these extracts revealed numerous known anti-cancer compounds, namely eugenol, isopropyl isothiocynate, D-allose, and hexadeconoic acid ethyl ester, all of which possess long chain hydrocarbons, sugar moiety and an aromatic ring. This suggests that the anti-cancer properties of Moringa oleifera could be attributed to the bioactive compounds present in the extracts from this plant. This is a novel study because no report has yet been cited on the effectiveness of Moringa extracts obtained in the locally grown environment as an anti-cancer agent against breast and colorectal cancers. Our study is the first of its kind to evaluate the anti-malignant properties of Moringa not only in leaves but also in bark. These findings suggest that both the leaf and bark extracts of Moringa collected from the Saudi Arabian region possess anti-cancer activity that can be used to develop new drugs for treatment of breast and colorectal cancers.
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Sánchez-González C, Ciudad CJ, Noé V, Izquierdo-Pulido M. Walnut polyphenol metabolites, urolithins A and B, inhibit the expression of the prostate-specific antigen and the androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells. Food Funct 2015; 5:2922-30. [PMID: 25214070 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00542b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Walnuts have been gathering attention for their health-promoting properties. They are rich in polyphenols, mainly ellagitannins (ETs) that after consumption are hydrolyzed to release ellagic acid (EA). EA is further metabolized by microbiota to form urolithins, such as A and B, which are absorbed. ETs, EA and urolithins have shown to slow the proliferation and growth of different types of cancer cells but the mechanisms remain unclear. We investigate the role of urolithins in the regulatory mechanisms in prostate cancer, specifically those related to the androgen receptor (AR), which have been linked to the development of this type of cancer. In our study, urolithins down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of both prostate specific antigen (PSA) and AR in LNCaP cells. The luciferase assay performed with a construct containing three androgen response elements (AREs) showed that urolithins inhibit AR-mediated PSA expression at the transcriptional level. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that urolithins decreased AR binding to its consensus response element. Additionally, urolithins induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells, and this effect correlated with a decrease in Bcl-2 protein levels. In summary, urolithins attenuate the function of the AR by repressing its expression, causing a down-regulation of PSA levels and inducing apoptosis. Our results suggest that a diet rich in ET-containing foods, such as walnuts, could contribute to the prevention of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sánchez-González
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Yang Y, Jiang M, Hu J, Lv X, Yu L, Qian X, Liu B. Enhancement of Radiation Effects by Ursolic Acid in BGC-823 Human Adenocarcinoma Gastric Cancer Cell Line. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133169. [PMID: 26177078 PMCID: PMC4503735 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research has suggested that certain plant-derived polyphenols, i.e., ursolic acid (UA), which are reported to have antitumor activities, might be used to sensitize tumor cells to radiation therapy by inhibiting pathways leading to radiation therapy resistance. This experiment was designed to investigate the effects and possible mechanism of radiosensitization by UA in BGC-823 cell line from human adenocarcinoma gastric cancer in vitro. UA caused cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner, and we used a sub-cytotoxicity concentration of UA to test radioenhancement efficacy with UA in gastric cancer. Radiosensitivity was determined by clonogenic survival assay. Surviving fraction of the combined group with irradiation and sub-cytotoxicity UA significantly decreased compared with the irradiation group. The improved radiosensitization efficacy was associated with enhanced G2/M arrest, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), down-regulated Ki-67 level and improved apoptosis. In conclusion, as UA demonstrated potent antiproliferation effect and synergistic effect, it could be used as a potential drug sensitizer for the application of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Man Jiang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Hu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Lv
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lixia Yu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoping Qian
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baorui Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Blaylock RL. Cancer microenvironment, inflammation and cancer stem cells: A hypothesis for a paradigm change and new targets in cancer control. Surg Neurol Int 2015; 6:92. [PMID: 26097771 PMCID: PMC4455122 DOI: 10.4103/2152-7806.157890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since President Nixon officially declared a war on cancer with the National Cancer Act, billions of dollars have been spent on research in hopes of finding a cure for cancer. Recent reviews have pointed out that over the ensuing 42 years, cancer death rates have barely changed for the major cancers. Recently, several researchers have questioned the prevailing cancer paradigm based on recent discoveries concerning the mechanism of carcinogenesis and the origins of cancer. Over the past decade we have learned a great deal concerning both of these central issues. Cell signaling has taken center stage, particularly as regards the links between chronic inflammation and cancer development. It is now evident that the common factor among a great number of carcinogenic agents is activation of genes controlling inflammation cell-signaling pathways and that these signals control all aspects of the cancer process. Of these pathways, the most important and common to all cancers is the NFκB and STAT3 pathways. The second discovery of critical importance is that mutated stem cells appear to be in charge of the cancer process. Most chemotherapy agents and radiotherapy kill daughter cells of the cancer stem cell, many of which are not tumorigenic themselves. Most cancer stem cells are completely resistant to conventional treatments, which explain dormancy and the poor cure rate with metastatic tumors. A growing number of studies are finding that several polyphenol extracts can kill cancer stem cells as well as daughter cells and can enhance the effectiveness and safety of conventional treatments. These new discoveries provide the clinician with a whole new set of targets for cancer control and cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell L. Blaylock
- Theoretical Neuroscience Research, LLC, Assistant Editor-in-Chief, Surgical Neurology International, 315 Rolling Meadows Rd, Ridgeland, MS 39157, USA
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Sánchez-González C, Ciudad CJ, Izquierdo-Pulido M, Noé V. Urolithin A causes p21 up-regulation in prostate cancer cells. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:1099-112. [PMID: 25962506 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0924-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Walnuts contain several bioactive compounds, including pedunculagin, a polyphenol metabolized by microbiota to form urolithins, namely urolithin A (UA). The aim of this study was to determine gene expression changes in prostate cancer cells after incubation with UA. METHODS We performed a genomic analysis to study the effect of UA on LNCaP prostate cells. Cells were incubated with 40 µM UA for 24 h, and RNA was extracted and hybridized to Affymetrix Human Genome U219 array. Microarray results were analyzed using GeneSpring v13 software. Differentially expressed genes (p < 0.05, fold change > 2) were used to perform biological association networks. Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry and apoptosis measured by the rhodamine method and by caspases 3 and 7 activation. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. RESULTS We identified two nodes, FN-1 and CDKN1A, among the differentially expressed genes upon UA treatment. CDKN1A was validated, its mRNA and protein levels were significantly up-regulated, and the promoter activation measured by luciferase. Cell cycle analysis showed an increase in G1-phase, and we also observed an induction of apoptosis and caspases 3 and 7 activation upon UA treatment. CONCLUSION Our results indicate a potential role of UA as a chemopreventive agent for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos J Ciudad
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria Izquierdo-Pulido
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Véronique Noé
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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Verma D, Khuroo T, Talegaonkar S, Iqbal Z. Nanopotentiated combination cancer therapy: Chemotherapeutic and chemosensitizer (2C approach). Med Hypotheses 2015; 84:580-2. [PMID: 25792105 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An insight into the complex cancer pathophysiology reveals that a dependable amelioration of the disease could only be envisaged with a multipronged treatment approach. It is highly evident that singular chemotherapeutic agents used in clinical practice have shown limitations like severe side effects, MDR and are often associated with poor QOL while combinations of drugs have yielded better therapeutic outcomes. The current hypothesis takes it a step forward wherein a chemotherapeutic agent is combined with a natural chemosensitizer, both loaded into a nanopotentiated particulate system, which would eventually deliver the drug cargo at the target site with certitude. The encapsulated natural bioactive would then favorably act on the tumor milieu through multiple portals and chemosensibilize the cells towards cytotoxic action of the synthetic drug moiety. This 2C (chemotherapeutic and chemosensitizer) approach along with nanosystem's attributes like high payload, prolonged action and diminished side effects would proffer a more dependable treatment modality. In conclusion, the proposed system would be a value addition to the currently available armamentarium of cancer treatment tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devina Verma
- Dept of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Tahir Khuroo
- Dept of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sushama Talegaonkar
- Dept of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Zeenat Iqbal
- Dept of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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81
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Dangkong D, Limpanasithikul W. Effect of citral on the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in human B-lymphoma cells. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:262-268. [PMID: 25243873 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.914233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Doxorubicin is a chemotherapy agent used in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma but side effects limit its use. Citral is a mixture of neral and geranial found in essential oils of lemon grass. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the activity of citral, doxorubicin, and combination on cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and anti-proliferative effects using human lymphoma Ramos cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cells were treated with doxorubicin alone or in combination with citral (10, 20, and 40 μM). Cytotoxic and apoptosis studies were done after 24 and 18 h incubations, respectively. Cytotoxic effects of citral on normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were also investigated for its safety. Changes in the expression of BCL-2 family genes were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS Citral had cytotoxicity on cells with an IC50 value of 77.19 ± 4.95 µM. Citral at concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 µM additively increased the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of doxorubicin, leading to decreased IC50 (µM) of the drug from 2.50 ± 0.01 to 2.16 ± 0.03, 1.90 ± 0.04, and 1.23 ± 0.04, respectively. Enhanced cytotoxicity was not observed in normal human PBMCs. Citral (40 µM) in combination with doxorubicin (1.5 µM) increased the expression of pro-apoptotic protein BAK but significantly decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein BCL-XL to 5.26-fold compared with doxorubicin-treated cells. It did not change the anti-proliferative activity of drug. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Citral potentiated cytotoxicity of doxorubicin by increasing apoptotic effects. We conclude that citral may have beneficial effects in patients with B cell lymphoma treated with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darinee Dangkong
- Interdisciplinary Program of Pharmacology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand and
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Dixon M, Woodrick J, Gupta S, Karmahapatra SK, Devito S, Vasudevan S, Dakshanamurthy S, Adhikari S, Yenugonda VM, Roy R. Naturally occurring polyphenol, morin hydrate, inhibits enzymatic activity of N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase, a DNA repair enzyme with various roles in human disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:1102-11. [PMID: 25650313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Interest in the mechanisms of DNA repair pathways, including the base excision repair (BER) pathway specifically, has heightened since these pathways have been shown to modulate important aspects of human disease. Modulation of the expression or activity of a particular BER enzyme, N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase (MPG), has been demonstrated to play a role in carcinogenesis and resistance to chemotherapy as well as neurodegenerative diseases, which has intensified the focus on studying MPG-related mechanisms of repair. A specific small molecule inhibitor for MPG activity would be a valuable biochemical tool for understanding these repair mechanisms. By screening several small molecule chemical libraries, we identified a natural polyphenolic compound, morin hydrate, which inhibits MPG activity specifically (IC50=2.6μM). Detailed mechanism analysis showed that morin hydrate inhibited substrate DNA binding of MPG, and eventually the enzymatic activity of MPG. Computational docking studies with an x-ray derived MPG structure as well as comparison studies with other structurally-related flavonoids offer a rationale for the inhibitory activity of morin hydrate observed. The results of this study suggest that the morin hydrate could be an effective tool for studying MPG function and it is possible that morin hydrate and its derivatives could be utilized in future studies focused on the role of MPG in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Dixon
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Jordan Woodrick
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Suhani Gupta
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Soumendra Krishna Karmahapatra
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Stephen Devito
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Sona Vasudevan
- Department of Biochemistry, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Sivanesan Dakshanamurthy
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Sanjay Adhikari
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Venkata M Yenugonda
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States
| | - Rabindra Roy
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, United States.
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Al-Qasem A, Al-Howail HA, Al-Swailem M, Al-Mazrou A, Al-Otaibi B, Al-Jammaz I, Al-Khalaf HH, Aboussekhra A. PAC exhibits potent anti-colon cancer properties through targeting cyclin D1 and suppressing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:233-44. [PMID: 25641341 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although response rates and overall survival have been improved in recent years, resistance to multiple drug combinations is inevitable. Therefore, the development of more efficient drugs, with fewer side effects is urgently needed. To this end, we have investigated in the present report the effect of PAC, a novel cucumin analogue, on CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. We have shown that PAC induces apoptosis, mainly via the internal mitochondrial route, and inhibits cell proliferation through delaying the cell cycle at G2/M phase. Interestingly, the pro-apoptotic effect was mediated through STAT3-dependent down-regulation of cyclin D1 and its downstream target survivin. Indeed, change in the expression level of cyclin D1 modulated the expression of survivin and the response of CRC cells to PAC. Furthermore, using the ChIP assay, we have shown PAC-dependent reduction in the binding of STAT3 to the cyclin D1 promoter in vivo. Additionally, PAC suppressed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal process through down-regulating the mesenchymal markers (N-cadherin, vimentin and Twist1) and inhibiting the invasion/migration abilities of the CRC cells via repressing the pro-migration/invasion protein kinases AKT and ERK1/2. In addition, PAC inhibited tumor growth and repressed the JAK2/STAT3, AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK pathways as well as their common downstream effectors cyclin D1 and survivin in humanized CRC xenografts. Collectively, these results indicate that PAC has potent anti-CRC effects, and therefore could constitute an effective alternative chemotherapeutic agent, which may consolidate the adjuvant treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Al-Qasem
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda A Al-Howail
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael Al-Swailem
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Al-Mazrou
- Stem Cell Therapy Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basem Al-Otaibi
- Department of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceuticals, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Al-Jammaz
- Department of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceuticals, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda H Al-Khalaf
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,The Joint Center for Genomics Research, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelilah Aboussekhra
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Resistance to irinotecan (CPT-11) activates epidermal growth factor receptor/nuclear factor kappa B and increases cellular metastasis and autophagy in LoVo colon cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2014; 349:51-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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86
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Chaudhary H, Jena PK, Seshadri S. In Vivo Evaluation ofEclipta albaExtract as Anticancer and Multidrug Resistance Reversal Agent. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:904-13. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2014.916324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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87
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Cui YT, Liu B, Xie J, Xu P, Habte-Tsion HM, Zhang YY. The effect of emodin on cytotoxicity, apoptosis and antioxidant capacity in the hepatic cells of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 38:74-79. [PMID: 24631735 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We determined the effect of emodin on the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨm), and apoptosis in the hepatic cells of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Cultured cells were treated with different concentrations of emodin (0.04-25 μg/ml) for 24 h. We found that the cytotoxic effect of emodin was mediated by apoptosis, and that this apoptosis occurred in a dose-dependent manner. Emodin (1-25 μg/ml) significantly induced apoptosis accompanying by ΔΨm disruption and ROS generation and significantly reduced the SOD activities and T-AOC compared to the control. Thus, the oxidative effect of emodin may be attributed to the loss of the cell's ability to maintain the activity of its radical-scavenging enzymes. GSH was also significantly higher after 0.2-1 μg/ml emodin exposure, indicating that cells failed to maintain their redox balance when compensating for the increased oxidative stress. Our results suggest that emodin (1-25 μg/ml) exerts its cytotoxic effects via apoptosis by directly affecting the mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ting Cui
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agriculture University, Wuxi 214081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agriculture University, Wuxi 214081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China.
| | - Jun Xie
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agriculture University, Wuxi 214081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China.
| | - Pao Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agriculture University, Wuxi 214081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China.
| | - H-Michael Habte-Tsion
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agriculture University, Wuxi 214081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agriculture University, Wuxi 214081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, PR China
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Qi H, Abe N, Zhu B, Murata Y, Nakamura Y. (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Ameliorates Photodynamic Therapy Responses in an In Vitro
T Lymphocyte Model. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1486-91. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Qi
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University; Dalian 116034 China
| | - Naomi Abe
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science; Okayama University; Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University; Dalian 116034 China
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science; Okayama University; Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science; Okayama University; Okayama 700-8530 Japan
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Elbaz HA, Lee I, Antwih DA, Liu J, Hüttemann M, Zielske SP. Epicatechin stimulates mitochondrial activity and selectively sensitizes cancer cells to radiation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88322. [PMID: 24516636 PMCID: PMC3916420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is the treatment of choice for solid tumors including pancreatic cancer, but the effectiveness of treatment is limited by radiation resistance. Resistance to chemotherapy or radiotherapy is associated with reduced mitochondrial respiration and drugs that stimulate mitochondrial respiration may decrease radiation resistance. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the potential of (-)-epicatechin to stimulate mitochondrial respiration in cancer cells and to selectively sensitize cancer cells to radiation. We investigated the natural compound (-)-epicatechin for effects on mitochondrial respiration and radiation resistance of pancreatic and glioblastoma cancer cells using a Clark type oxygen electrode, clonogenic survival assays, and Western blot analyses. (-)-Epicatechin stimulated mitochondrial respiration and oxygen consumption in Panc-1 cells. Human normal fibroblasts were not affected. (-)-Epicatechin sensitized Panc-1, U87, and MIA PaCa-2 cells with an average radiation enhancement factor (REF) of 1.7, 1.5, and 1.2, respectively. (-)-Epicatechin did not sensitize normal fibroblast cells to ionizing radiation with a REF of 0.9, suggesting cancer cell selectivity. (-)-Epicatechin enhanced Chk2 phosphorylation and p21 induction when combined with radiation in cancer, but not normal, cells. Taken together, (-)-epicatechin radiosensitized cancer cells, but not normal cells, and may be a promising candidate for pancreatic cancer treatment when combined with radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosam A. Elbaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Icksoo Lee
- College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Deborah A. Antwih
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jenney Liu
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Maik Hüttemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Steven P. Zielske
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
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Shen M, Chan TH, Dou QP. Targeting tumor ubiquitin-proteasome pathway with polyphenols for chemosensitization. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2014; 12:891-901. [PMID: 22292765 DOI: 10.2174/187152012802649978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of tumor drug resistance is one of the biggest obstacles on the way to achieve a favorable outcome of chemotherapy. Among various strategies that have been explored to overcome drug resistance, the combination of current chemotherapy with plant polyphenols as a chemosensitizer has emerged as a promising one. Plant polyphenols are a group of phytochemicals characterized by the presence of more than one phenolic group. Mechanistic studies suggest that polyphenols have multiple intracellular targets, one of which is the proteasome complex. The proteasome is a proteolytic enzyme complex responsible for intracellular protein degradation and has been shown to play an important role in tumor growth and the development of drug resistance. Therefore, proteasome inhibition by plant polyphenols could be one of the mechanisms contributing to their chemosensitizing effect. Plant polyphenols that have been identified to possess proteasome-inhibitory activity include (-)-epigallocatechins-3-gallate (EGCG), genistein, luteolin, apigenin, chrysin, quercetin, curcumin and tannic acid. These polyphenols have exhibited an appreciable effect on overcoming resistance to various chemotherapeutic drugs as well as multidrug resistance in a broad spectrum of tumors ranging from carcinoma and sarcoma to hematological malignances. The in vitro and in vivo studies on polyphenols with proteasome-inhibitory activity have built a solid foundation to support the idea that they could serve as a chemosensitizer for the treatment of cancer. In-depth mechanistic studies and identification of optimal regimen are needed in order to eventually translate this laboratory concept into clinical trials to actually benefit current chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shen
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 540.1 HWCRC, 4100 John R Road, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Tang Y, Abe N, Qi H, Zhu B, Murata Y, Nakamura Y. Tea Catechins Inhibit Cell Proliferation Through Hydrogen Peroxide-Dependent and -Independent Pathways in Human T lymphocytic Leukemia Jurkat Cells. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.20.1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
| | - Naomi Abe
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
| | - Hang Qi
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
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Salem M, Rohani S, Gillies ER. Curcumin, a promising anti-cancer therapeutic: a review of its chemical properties, bioactivity and approaches to cancer cell delivery. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46396f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Al-Sharif I, Remmal A, Aboussekhra A. Eugenol triggers apoptosis in breast cancer cells through E2F1/survivin down-regulation. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:600. [PMID: 24330704 PMCID: PMC3931838 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is a major health problem that threatens the lives of millions of women worldwide each year. Most of the chemotherapeutic agents that are currently used to treat this complex disease are highly toxic with long-term side effects. Therefore, novel generation of anti-cancer drugs with higher efficiency and specificity are urgently needed. Methods Breast cancer cell lines were treated with eugenol and cytotoxicity was measured using the WST-1 reagent, while propidium iodide/annexinV associated with flow cytometry was utilized in order to determine the induced cell death pathway. The effect of eugenol on apoptotic and pro-carcinogenic proteins, both in vitro and in tumor xenografts was assessed by immunoblotting. While RT-PCR was used to determine eugenol effect on the E2F1 and survivin mRNA levels. In addition, we tested the effect of eugenol on cell proliferation using the real-time cell electronic sensing system. Results Eugenol at low dose (2 μM) has specific toxicity against different breast cancer cells. This killing effect was mediated mainly through inducing the internal apoptotic pathway and strong down-regulation of E2F1 and its downstream antiapoptosis target survivin, independently of the status of p53 and ERα. Eugenol inhibited also several other breast cancer related oncogenes, such as NF-κB and cyclin D1. Moreover, eugenol up-regulated the versatile cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1 protein, and inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells in a p53-independent manner. Importantly, these anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects were also observed in vivo in xenografted human breast tumors. Conclusion Eugenol exhibits anti-breast cancer properties both in vitro and in vivo, indicating that it could be used to consolidate the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer through targeting the E2F1/survivin pathway, especially for the less responsive triple-negative subtype of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abdelilah Aboussekhra
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, MBC # 03-66, PO BOX 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.
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Yu C, Liu SL, Qi MH, Zou X. Cinnamaldehyde/chemotherapeutic agents interaction and drug-metabolizing genes in colorectal cancer. Mol Med Rep 2013; 9:669-76. [PMID: 24276478 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cinnamaldehyde is an active monomer isolated from the stem bark of Cinnamomum cassia, a traditional oriental medicinal herb, which is known to possess marked antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. The aim of the present study was to examine the potential advantages of using cinnamaldehyde in combination with chemotherapeutic agents commonly used in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) therapy, as well as to investigate the effect of cinnamaldehyde on chemotherapeutic-associated gene expression. The synergistic interaction of cinnamaldehyde and chemotherapeutic agents on human CRC HT-29 and LoVo cells was evaluated using the combination index (CI) method. The double staining with Annexin V conjugated to fluorescein-isothiocyanate and phosphatidylserine was employed for apoptosis detection. The expression of drug-metabolizing genes, including excision repair cross‑complementing 1 (ERCC1), orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT), thymidylate synthase (TS), breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) and topoisomerase 1 (TOPO1), all in HT-29 and LoVo cells, with or without the addition of cinnamaldehyde, was examined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Cinnamaldehyde had a synergistic effect on the chemotherapeutic agents cytotoxicity in HT-29 and LoVo cells. In addition, cinnamaldehyde suppressed BRCA1, TOPO1, ERCC1 and TS mRNA expression, except for OPRT expression, which was markedly upregulated. Our findings indicate that cinnamaldehyde appears to be a promising candidate as an adjuvant in combination therapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin (OXA), two chemotherapeutic agents used in CRC treatment. The possible mechanisms of its action may involve the regulation of drug‑metabolizing genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yu
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, P.R. China
| | - Shen-Lin Liu
- Senior Expert Consultation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Hao Qi
- National Clinical Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xi Zou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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95
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Yoon SW, Jeong JS, Kim JH, Aggarwal BB. Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Integrating Traditional Korean Medicine Into Modern Cancer Care. Integr Cancer Ther 2013; 13:310-31. [PMID: 24282099 DOI: 10.1177/1534735413510023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of billions of dollars spent on cancer research each year, overall cancer incidence and cancer survival has not changed significantly in the last half century. Instead, the recent projection from the World Health Organization suggests that global cancer incidence and death is expected to double within the next decade. This requires an "out of the box" thinking approach. While traditional medicine used for thousands of years is safe and affordable, its efficacy and mechanism of action are not fully reported. Demonstrating that traditional medicine is efficacious and how it works can provide a "bed to bench" and "bench to bed" back approach toward prevention and treatment of cancer. This current review is an attempt to describe the contributions of traditional Korean medicine (TKM) to modern medicine and, in particular, cancer treatment. TKM suggests that cancer is an outcome of an imbalance of body, mind, and spirit; thus, it requires a multimodal treatment approach that involves lifestyle modification, herbal prescription, acupuncture, moxibustion, traditional exercise, and meditation to restore the balance. Old wisdoms in combination with modern science can find a new way to deal with the "emperor of all maladies."
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Woo Yoon
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Soo Jeong
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bharat B Aggarwal
- The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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96
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Equol as a potent radiosensitizer in estrogen receptor-positive and -negative human breast cancer cell lines. Breast Cancer 2013; 22:382-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s12282-013-0492-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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97
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Cui M, Naczynski D, Zevon M, Griffith CK, Sheihet L, Poventud-Fuentes I, Chen S, Roth CM, Moghe PV. Multifunctional albumin nanoparticles as combination drug carriers for intra-tumoral chemotherapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2013; 2:1236-45. [PMID: 23495216 PMCID: PMC5720860 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201200467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Current cancer therapies are challenged by weakly soluble drugs and by drug combinations that exhibit non-uniform biodistribution and poor bioavailability. In this study, we have presented a new platform of advanced healthcare materials based on albumin nanoparticles (ANPs) engineered as tumor penetrating, delivery vehicles of combinatorially applied factors to solid tumors. These materials were designed to overcome three sequential key barriers: tissue level transport across solid tumor matrix; uptake kinetics into individual cancer cells; therapeutic resistance to single chemotherapeutic drugs. The ANPs were designed to penetrate deeper into solid tumor matrices using collagenase decoration and evaluated using a three-dimensional multicellular melanoma tumor spheroid model. Collagenase modified ANPs exhibited 1-2 orders of magnitude greater tumor penetration than unmodified ANPs into the spheroid mass after 96 hours, and showed preferential uptake into individual cancer cells for smaller sized ANPs (<100 nm). For enhanced efficacy, collagenase coated ANPs were modified with two therapeutic agents, curcumin and riluzole, with complementary mechanisms of action for combined cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in melanoma. The collagenase coated, drug loaded nanoparticles induced significantly more cell death within 3-D tumor models than the unmodified, dual drug loaded ANP particles and the kinetics of cytotoxicity was further influenced by the ANP size. Thus, multifunctional nanoparticles can be imbued with complementary size and protease activity features that allow them to penetrate solid tumors and deliver combinatorial therapeutic payload with enhanced cancer cytotoxicity but minimal collateral damage to healthy primary cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Cui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Dominik Naczynski
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Margot Zevon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Craig K. Griffith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Larisa Sheihet
- New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | | | - Suzie Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Charles M. Roth
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Prabhas V. Moghe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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98
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Estrela JM, Ortega A, Mena S, Rodriguez ML, Asensi M. Pterostilbene: Biomedical applications. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2013; 50:65-78. [DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2013.805182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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99
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Liao GS, Apaya MK, Shyur LF. Herbal medicine and acupuncture for breast cancer palliative care and adjuvant therapy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:437948. [PMID: 23840256 PMCID: PMC3694462 DOI: 10.1155/2013/437948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a life-threatening disease among women worldwide with annual rates of reported incidence and death increasing alarmingly. Chemotherapy is a recommended and effective treatment option for breast cancer; however, the narrow therapeutic indices and varied side effects of currently approved drugs present major hurdles in increasing its effectiveness. An increasing number of literature evidence indicate that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) used in treatment-related symptom control and alleviation of side effects plays an important role in increasing survival rate and quality of life in breast cancer patients. This review focuses on the use of herbal medicines and acupuncture in palliative care and as adjuvants in the treatment of breast cancer. Herbal medicinal treatments, the correlation of clinical use with demonstrated in vitro and in vivo mechanisms of action, and the use of certain acupoints in acupuncture are summarized. The aim of this review is to facilitate an understanding of the current practice and usefulness of herbal medicine and acupuncture as adjuvants in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Shiou Liao
- Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Maria Karmella Apaya
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Lie-Fen Shyur
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Section 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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100
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Castillo-Pichardo L, Dharmawardhane SF. Grape polyphenols inhibit Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling and potentiate the effects of gefitinib in breast cancer. Nutr Cancer 2013; 64:1058-69. [PMID: 23061908 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2012.716898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We recently reported that a combination of dietary grape polyphenols resveratrol, quercetin, and catechin (RQC), at low concentrations, was effective at inhibiting metastatic cancer progression. Herein, we investigate the molecular mechanisms of RQC in breast cancer and explore the potential of RQC as a potentiation agent for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapeutic gefitinib. Our in vitro experiments showed RQC induced apoptosis in gefitinib-resistant breast cancer cells via regulation of a myriad of proapoptotic proteins. Because the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is often elevated during development of anti-EGFR therapy resistance, the effect of RQC on the mTOR upstream effector Akt and the negative regulator AMP kinase (AMPK) was investigated. RQC was found to reduce Akt activity, induce the activation of AMPK, and inhibit mTOR signaling in breast cancer cells. Combined RQC and gefitinib decreased gefitinib resistant breast cancer cell viability to a greater extent than RQC or gefitinib alone. Moreover, RQC inhibited Akt and mTOR and activated AMPK even in the presence of gefitinib. Our in vivo experiments showed combined RQC and gefitinib was more effective than the individual treatments at inhibiting mammary tumor growth and metastasis in nude mice. Therefore, RQC treatment inhibits breast cancer progression and may potentiate anti-EGFR therapy by inhibition of Akt/mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linette Castillo-Pichardo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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